ALBANIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 4.2 3.4 3.7 2.5 1.4 1.0 1.8 2.2 3.3 3.8 4.0 2.1 -4.0 8.6 3.2 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 4.7 4.1 4.2 2.8 1.6 1.2 2.0 2.5 3.5 3.9 4.3 2.5 -3.4 8.8 3.5 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 3218.2 4114.1 4094.4 4437.2 4247.6 4413.1 4578.7 3952.8 4124.1 4531.0 5287.1 5393.2 5246.3 6089.5 6504.5 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 5.2 1.4 1.7 1.8 0.1 1.8 2.8 1.2 2.1 2.4 3.2 3.2 -2.4 3.7 2.6 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 32.3 32.7 28.4 29.4 26.5 26.1 24.2 24.4 24.4 24.6 23.9 22.3 23.0 25.8 25.8 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 6.1 8.4 6.3 6.1 5.1 5.5 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.7 5.5 6.3 8.0 6.2 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 2.5 3.8 3.8 1.8 2.6 1.9 0.8 2.0 2.3 1.8 1.9 1.3 1.0 3.7 3.9 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 2.6 2.3 3.6 3.5 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.9 1.3 2.0 2.1 1.4 2.2 2.6 5.0 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 51.6 50.5 48.8 49.7 50.2 51.3 51.8 50.4 50.0 47.5 45.1 43.9 47.1 45.8 46.3 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 39.4 38.2 39.1 41.2 40.8 39.8 39.3 37.2 36.6 34.8 33.0 34.1 38.6 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 110.6 95.0 103.9 100.9 108.2 105.7 105.5 126.0 124.1 119.1 108.0 109.9 108.7 103.5 103.5 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 100.8 106.9 100.9 99.4 98.4 99.3 101.0 100.0 103.2 106.2 114.5 118.4 120.4 126.7 134.2 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 25.7 26.1 26.2 25.4 24.8 24.2 26.3 26.4 27.6 27.8 27.5 27.2 26.3 28.4 28.2 Expenditure (% of GDP) 30.6 32.7 29.3 28.9 28.2 29.2 32.2 31.3 29.7 29.8 29.2 29.2 33.2 34.2 33.5 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.7 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 27.1 29.5 25.9 25.8 25.1 26.0 29.4 28.6 27.2 27.7 26.9 27.1 31.0 32.2 30.8 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -4.9 -6.6 -3.1 -3.5 -3.4 -5.0 -6.0 -4.8 -2.0 -2.0 -1.7 -1.9 -6.8 -5.8 -5.2 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.4 -3.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.3 -1.7 -3.1 -2.1 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.1 -4.7 -3.8 -2.5 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 61.6 59.7 57.7 59.4 62.1 70.4 72.0 73.7 73.3 71.9 69.5 67.4 77.2 78.4 78.1 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 21.1 19.9 21.6 25.7 26.8 27.0 29.6 34.2 34.3 32.9 32.2 30.4 35.9 39.5 37.0 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 15.3 -6.8 9.2 13.0 -5.5 3.6 1.1 -16.8 10.8 19.6 16.5 0.7 -28.6 46.1 10.1 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.4 -10.5 -3.8 15.8 -12.6 2.4 4.1 -18.7 7.2 11.7 13.1 0.8 -18.7 33.8 11.6 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 4.9 3.3 6.2 7.5 9.1 11.1 9.3 7.5 6.7 6.9 7.7 6.6 6.1 7.2 7.2 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 30.0 31.5 31.7 34.6 32.3 31.5 31.6 29.9 30.9 31.3 30.1 29.5 28.9 32.4 35.0 Services, net (% of GDP) 2.2 3.5 4.9 4.4 4.6 2.4 3.2 5.1 7.4 9.4 8.7 9.2 8.1 10.6 12.1 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -979.2 -1850.9 -1349.5 -1667.2 -1256.4 -1182.0 -1428.3 -980.3 -898.1 -975.4 -1023.7 -1219.2 -1315.0 -1428.6 -1766.1 Current account balance (% of GDP) -9.4 -15.4 -11.3 -12.9 -10.2 -9.3 -10.8 -8.6 -7.6 -7.5 -6.8 -7.9 -8.8 -8.3 -9.6 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 6.0 7.9 8.8 6.6 6.8 9.6 8.1 8.0 8.7 8.6 8.0 7.5 6.8 6.4 6.5 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 40.9 38.2 45.6 50.3 59.9 67.7 64.4 74.2 71.8 75.3 65.2 62.1 72.9 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 10.2 7.1 10.3 11.8 14.2 13.5 17.5 33.5 15.2 11.1 20.7 12.3 29.9 .. .. See next page for more indicators ALBANIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 Population Growth (annual %) -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 Unemployment Rate2 15.9 13.7 14.1 13.5 13.4 15.9 18.0 17.2 15.4 13.6 12.3 11.5 13.3 .. .. Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 39.9 35.8 32.4 28.1 31.3 22.0 19.4 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 1000644.8 1143936.5 1239644.6 1300624.1 1332811.0 1350052.6 1395304.6 1434306.5 1472479.1 1550645.5 1636731.3 1691728.9 1617540.9 1784903.9 1901157.7 GDP (current US$, millions) 9474.3 12044.2 11927.0 12890.9 12319.8 12776.3 13228.2 11386.9 11861.4 13019.7 15154.9 15393.3 14887.6 17245.4 18368.7 GDP per capita LCU (real) 371001.0 408310.2 425553.3 437560.5 444496.5 449773.6 458703.5 470248.9 486615.0 505581.8 527202.1 540641.4 522265.7 568355.3 588044.2 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 77.6 82 79 69 65 65 65 68 68 68 68 69 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 4.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 4.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 3.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2016-SILC-C and 2018-SILC-C.Projection using customized elasticity (2016-2018) with pass-through = 1 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2018. Nowcast: 2019-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. ARMENIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 6.9 -14.1 2.2 4.7 7.2 3.3 3.6 3.2 0.2 7.5 5.2 7.6 -7.4 5.7 1.2 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 7.3 -13.5 2.6 4.7 6.9 2.8 3.1 2.7 -0.2 7.2 5.0 7.4 -7.6 5.5 1.0 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 2501.7 2994.4 3218.4 3525.8 3681.9 3838.1 3986.2 3607.3 3591.8 3914.5 4220.5 4604.6 4266.0 4670.2 4811.5 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 5.2 -4.5 3.8 2.4 9.1 1.7 1.6 -7.6 -2.1 13.7 4.9 11.5 -13.8 3.4 -1.3 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 26.7 36.4 33.4 26.1 23.6 21.2 20.0 20.6 17.4 17.6 16.7 15.8 16.6 17.2 16.8 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 4.1 6.8 5.6 4.7 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.3 3.1 4.3 2.5 3.1 3.9 3.0 3.5 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 4.3 6.5 9.1 4.4 2.9 5.5 4.5 -0.1 -1.1 2.8 1.7 0.9 3.8 7.9 6.8 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 4.1 3.4 8.2 7.7 2.6 5.8 3.0 3.7 -1.4 1.0 2.5 1.4 1.2 7.2 9.8 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 13.6 14.4 15.1 17.5 17.3 18.6 16.9 17.1 21.2 24.9 26.0 29.1 35.3 15.2 15.4 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 38.0 24.9 28.4 35.4 40.1 42.4 48.9 45.6 48.9 51.5 55.5 60.2 72.2 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 444.8 363.3 373.7 372.5 401.8 409.6 415.9 477.9 480.5 482.7 483.0 480.4 489.0 503.8 530.0 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 96.6 96.7 95.8 93.8 94.4 96.4 99.2 100.0 102.4 99.6 102.1 106.4 104.8 101.2 104.6 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 21.8 22.7 23.2 24.0 22.9 24.2 24.4 23.8 23.8 22.9 23.0 24.7 26.0 25.0 24.0 Expenditure (% of GDP) 24.6 30.2 28.2 26.8 24.3 25.7 26.3 28.6 29.3 27.7 24.6 25.5 31.1 29.3 29.7 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.8 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 23.8 29.6 27.3 25.9 23.4 24.7 25.0 27.2 27.4 25.5 22.3 23.1 28.5 26.7 27.0 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.8 -7.5 -5.0 -2.8 -1.4 -1.5 -1.9 -4.8 -5.5 -4.8 -1.6 -0.8 -5.1 -4.3 -5.8 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.9 -7.0 -4.1 -1.9 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -3.3 -3.6 -2.6 0.7 1.6 -2.4 -1.7 -3.0 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 35.7 40.4 40.0 42.2 41.4 40.9 43.7 48.7 56.7 58.9 55.7 53.7 67.4 63.4 66.9 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 27.0 27.5 27.6 27.0 27.9 29.8 29.1 37.9 42.4 45.3 43.1 41.5 44.4 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 15.1 -19.8 41.8 24.0 6.4 8.2 5.2 -5.5 13.6 23.7 12.1 15.7 -34.2 29.1 -3.9 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 11.7 -22.6 15.6 8.4 4.3 6.7 0.2 -19.5 1.1 26.4 17.5 13.1 -33.2 18.6 -6.7 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 16.2 8.9 12.9 14.1 14.3 14.7 14.6 15.4 17.9 20.7 21.9 24.1 21.0 23.1 20.7 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 34.7 33.1 35.2 34.9 34.2 34.5 32.3 26.6 27.2 32.9 35.7 36.8 31.8 34.5 30.1 Services, net (% of GDP) -2.5 -3.2 -2.8 -0.6 -1.0 -1.1 -1.0 -0.9 0.7 1.4 0.2 -0.5 0.8 3.5 3.2 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -645.9 -1425.5 -1261.4 -1058.9 -1057.9 -811.5 -899.8 -283.4 -106.9 -175.3 -875.9 -1002.3 -478.7 -454.2 -530.3 Current account balance (% of GDP) -8.5 -16.5 -13.6 -10.4 -10.0 -7.3 -7.8 -2.7 -1.0 -1.5 -7.0 -7.4 -3.8 -3.3 -3.7 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 5.1 8.2 5.4 4.3 4.5 2.8 3.3 1.5 2.5 1.9 2.1 1.7 0.6 2.6 1.6 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 60.4 57.1 68.1 73.1 71.9 78.1 73.7 83.7 93.5 88.7 86.1 87.3 103.6 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 18.7 17.4 29.7 24.6 29.2 46.4 31.7 38.4 33.1 26.4 28.5 31.1 34.9 .. .. See next page for more indicators ARMENIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Population Growth (annual %) -0.3 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 Unemployment Rate2 14.0 18.4 19.0 18.4 17.3 16.2 17.5 18.3 17.6 17.7 19.0 18.3 21.2 .. .. International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 1.3 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.2 0.9 1.4 1.1 0.4 0.3 0.2 Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 13.9 14.1 13.1 11.3 11.4 11.4 9.5 9.6 8.1 9.4 9.8 6.9 5.7 5.4 Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 54.3 55.0 51.3 48.3 46.1 44.9 39.8 37.5 41.5 42.5 44.0 44.7 40.4 39.6 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 2987063.4 3141651.0 3460202.7 3777945.6 4266460.5 4555638.2 4828626.3 5043633.2 5067293.5 5564493.3 6017035.2 6543321.8 6181664.1 6982848.5 7578833.6 GDP (current US$, millions) 7306.1 8648.0 9260.3 10142.1 10619.4 11121.3 11609.5 10553.3 10546.1 11527.4 12457.9 13619.3 12641.2 13861.2 14299.7 GDP per capita LCU (real) 1270039.0 1378478.6 1414083.3 1480945.7 1583333.8 1628046.0 1678078.7 1723989.6 1721208.3 1844868.9 1936231.0 2079167.4 1921731.6 2027591.5 2048674.0 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 79.4 78 77 80 79 76 77 75 78 78 80 81 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 5.0 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2020-ILCS.Projection using neutral distribution (2020) with pass-through = 0.87 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2020. Nowcast: 2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. AZERBAIJAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 10.8 9.4 4.8 -1.6 2.2 5.8 2.8 1.1 -3.1 0.2 1.5 2.5 -4.3 5.6 2.7 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 9.5 7.1 3.5 -2.8 0.9 4.5 1.5 -0.1 -4.1 -0.8 0.6 1.6 -5.1 4.8 1.9 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 4025.1 4973.8 5862.5 7187.0 7454.5 7921.2 7934.8 5525.1 3870.3 4150.0 4739.8 4811.3 4217.7 5358.1 6375.8 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 10.7 6.4 -15.0 23.9 2.2 8.1 9.9 5.4 -2.8 2.7 3.0 4.2 -5.1 7.0 4.0 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 28.9 18.8 18.2 20.2 22.5 25.8 27.4 27.8 25.0 23.8 20.7 19.5 21.6 16.3 13.8 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 6.4 0.7 7.8 5.5 -0.2 3.7 -0.1 7.7 15.5 7.9 1.6 2.4 2.8 12.0 12.4 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 5.9 1.5 5.7 7.9 1.1 2.4 1.4 4.0 12.5 12.9 2.3 2.7 2.8 6.7 9.0 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 15.0 17.3 19.5 21.1 25.2 28.2 29.5 15.8 19.1 17.7 18.3 22.2 28.2 26.1 23.8 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 32.9 22.1 20.8 23.0 26.1 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 95.8 78.1 99.5 88.2 99.5 101.9 103.2 100.0 75.9 76.1 77.1 81.6 83.6 86.7 92.2 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 35.1 40.6 45.8 44.6 40.8 39.9 39.1 33.9 35.7 34.2 38.6 41.2 33.7 36.5 35.9 Expenditure (% of GDP) 28.7 34.5 32.1 33.7 36.7 38.2 36.3 38.6 35.5 35.8 33.0 32.3 40.2 32.3 29.6 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.4 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 28.5 34.3 32.1 33.6 36.6 38.1 36.1 38.3 35.1 35.3 31.8 31.5 39.5 31.7 29.2 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 6.4 6.2 13.7 10.9 4.1 1.7 2.8 -4.8 0.2 -1.6 5.6 9.0 -6.5 4.2 6.4 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 6.6 6.3 13.7 11.0 4.2 1.8 3.0 -4.4 0.6 -1.0 6.8 9.7 -5.7 4.8 6.8 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 11.5 7.6 7.4 7.1 8.3 8.4 8.6 19.8 20.3 22.7 18.9 18.8 18.4 16.2 16.1 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 11.2 7.5 7.2 7.2 8.9 8.9 11.2 16.4 28.1 30.5 29.6 29.0 32.9 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 24.1 -28.8 24.8 30.4 -0.8 -2.7 -9.3 -38.5 -12.2 12.9 28.4 -7.3 -27.3 57.3 33.3 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 16.7 -13.6 6.5 50.6 11.0 10.5 1.2 -6.5 -10.4 3.5 3.5 0.0 -8.7 10.7 10.8 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 46.2 47.4 49.9 52.3 47.1 42.6 37.4 29.2 35.0 37.1 44.1 41.2 30.6 38.7 45.2 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 22.3 14.6 12.7 15.4 15.0 15.0 12.3 18.3 23.8 22.1 23.2 23.5 24.7 17.9 16.0 Services, net (% of GDP) -9.1 -3.6 -3.3 -4.5 -4.2 -5.6 -8.0 -7.9 -8.4 -8.3 -4.4 -5.4 -3.6 -4.2 -4.5 Current account balance (current US$ millions) 6472.1 10172.8 15039.6 17146.1 14916.3 12317.8 10430.5 -222.5 -1363.4 1684.6 6051.1 4364.9 -221.6 8306.0 14855.0 Current account balance (% of GDP) 8.4 22.9 28.3 26.0 21.5 16.5 13.8 -0.4 -3.6 4.1 12.8 9.1 -0.5 15.2 22.7 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 4.5 0.3 0.6 1.4 1.2 1.5 2.9 1.5 5.1 0.7 -1.7 -2.9 -1.5 -4.1 -1.7 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 18.3 10.3 13.7 11.7 15.5 14.3 16.1 25.1 38.5 37.4 34.4 32.9 37.1 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 4.2 1.6 1.4 2.9 3.4 5.3 5.5 9.0 9.5 10.6 9.9 8.6 10.8 .. .. See next page for more indicators AZERBAIJAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 8.8 8.9 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.8 9.9 9.9 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Population Growth (annual %) 1.2 2.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 Unemployment Rate2 7.0 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.8 6.5 .. .. OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 30500.5 35601.5 42465.0 52082.0 54743.7 58182.0 59014.1 54380.0 60425.2 70337.8 80092.0 81990.1 72490.9 92836.7 111292.8 GDP (current US$, millions) 36612.8 44501.9 53081.3 65926.6 69295.8 74592.3 75659.1 53313.7 37765.8 40894.1 47112.9 48229.5 42641.7 54609.8 65466.3 GDP per capita LCU (real) 2148.5 2856.0 2957.4 2873.2 2897.7 3027.6 3073.7 3069.2 2942.1 2917.8 2936.1 2984.1 2831.1 2965.6 3023.2 ⁴ Human Development Index Ranking 93.4 86 89 94 92 89 89 88 88 87 88 88 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating) 2 3.7 3.8 3.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 4.5 4.5 4.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 3.6 3.8 3.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 3.7 3.8 3.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.2 3.2 3.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. BELARUS 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 5.4 0.2 7.8 5.4 1.7 1.0 1.7 -3.8 -2.5 2.5 3.1 1.4 -0.9 2.3 -6.5 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 5.8 0.4 8.0 5.6 1.8 1.0 1.6 -4.0 -2.6 2.6 3.3 2.1 -0.7 2.4 -6.4 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 4587.6 5351.3 6030.4 6519.7 6940.0 7978.8 8325.5 5971.4 5024.8 5763.2 6333.2 6890.1 6553.1 7279.8 5108.1 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 9.0 0.0 9.5 2.2 10.7 10.7 4.3 -2.3 -3.2 4.7 7.9 5.1 -1.4 2.6 -4.8 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 30.3 35.5 38.8 37.7 33.4 37.2 33.2 28.7 25.4 26.2 26.2 27.8 25.8 20.7 16.0 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 23.9 9.5 9.7 108.5 22.2 16.9 16.7 12.2 10.7 4.6 5.6 4.7 7.3 10.0 10.0 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 33.9 12.9 7.6 53.2 59.2 18.3 18.1 13.5 11.8 6.0 4.9 4.7 7.4 10.0 21.1 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 12.1 14.6 15.5 14.1 12.5 11.8 11.3 10.1 11.4 13.3 13.8 16.0 18.7 23.4 30.2 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 29.6 35.9 42.8 38.0 21.8 22.9 23.6 27.9 25.7 26.2 27.6 28.8 33.1 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.5 4.0 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 103.7 118.6 113.0 95.6 91.2 98.3 109.1 100.0 91.8 91.3 90.7 94.7 91.6 103.0 86.7 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 40.8 44.2 40.1 37.4 37.3 39.0 38.9 41.3 42.4 41.7 42.2 41.5 38.8 32.3 28.9 Expenditure (% of GDP) 40.7 44.9 41.8 34.7 36.5 38.8 37.9 39.9 40.9 38.8 38.2 39.0 40.5 32.3 30.0 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 39.9 44.1 41.1 33.7 35.2 37.8 36.9 38.2 39.0 36.8 36.3 37.3 38.8 30.7 28.4 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 0.1 -0.7 -1.7 2.7 0.8 0.2 1.0 1.4 1.5 3.0 4.0 2.5 -1.7 0.0 -1.1 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 0.9 0.1 -1.1 3.8 2.2 1.2 2.1 3.1 3.5 4.9 5.9 4.3 0.0 1.6 0.5 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 21.7 21.4 22.5 46.9 30.3 30.8 32.9 46.9 47.1 47.2 42.5 37.5 41.1 36.0 36.4 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 10.9 12.3 14.0 17.2 19.1 19.4 19.8 28.1 38.0 38.4 33.3 30.3 33.6 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 13.2 -32.8 20.5 58.8 11.5 -15.1 -1.7 -24.3 -8.7 22.1 15.5 -0.1 -11.4 16.8 -41.7 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.5 -26.8 23.0 29.7 2.7 -5.4 -5.6 -25.3 -8.3 21.7 13.3 2.1 -16.8 12.9 -44.7 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 51.4 40.5 42.8 66.3 69.4 48.4 44.9 46.2 48.4 52.4 55.7 49.8 46.1 57.0 57.0 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 58.9 54.4 59.0 71.9 68.5 54.5 48.2 50.0 53.6 57.9 59.8 56.1 49.2 58.0 49.7 Services, net (% of GDP) 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.0 2.8 4.0 5.2 5.6 5.7 6.3 6.8 6.9 0.1 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -2988.5 -6132.6 -8280.2 -5052.5 -1862.2 -7567.3 -5227.7 -1831.1 -1611.8 -952.4 24.2 -1142.8 -109.5 1757.3 -367.5 Current account balance (% of GDP) -5.8 -12.1 -14.5 -8.2 -2.8 -10.0 -6.6 -3.2 -3.4 -1.7 0.0 -1.8 -0.2 2.6 -0.8 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 2.4 3.7 2.4 6.5 2.2 3.0 2.4 2.9 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.1 1.7 0.6 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 35.4 43.4 49.7 54.9 51.4 52.4 50.8 67.8 78.6 72.3 64.6 63.2 70.5 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 6.4 6.8 5.9 6.9 9.5 10.4 12.1 14.9 20.3 11.8 13.3 10.5 11.2 .. .. See next page for more indicators BELARUS 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 9.6 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.4 Population Growth (annual %) -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 Unemployment Rate2 8.1 6.1 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.0 5.8 5.8 5.7 4.8 4.2 4.8 .. .. Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 5.1 3.6 2.7 1.2 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 25333.1 14209.1 17046.6 30724.5 54761.7 67068.9 80579.3 89909.8 94949.0 105748.2 122319.7 134797.8 145109.6 173626.5 191594.6 GDP (current US$, millions) 43779.9 50873.2 57231.9 61762.4 65683.1 75527.5 78880.4 56666.2 47743.5 54740.8 60060.7 64889.8 61591.5 68356.9 47898.7 GDP per capita LCU (real) 6349.8 7141.5 7711.5 8141.3 8286.2 8368.0 8504.8 8166.1 7949.8 8153.9 8423.8 8601.3 8540.8 8742.6 8187.1 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 61.1 54 53 50 51 49 49 51 51 52 49 53 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2019-HHS.Projection using neutral distribution (2019) with pass-through = 0.87 based on private consumption per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2019. Nowcast: 2020-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 3.9 -2.5 0.8 1.0 -0.3 2.4 1.2 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.7 2.8 -3.1 6.5 2.9 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. GDP per capita (US$, nominal) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Private Consumption growth (annual %) 1.9 -4.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.0 1.9 1.8 2.2 0.8 2.4 2.8 -4.5 4.0 2.7 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 19.9 18.9 16.9 18.1 17.7 17.0 18.8 17.1 17.0 18.4 19.2 19.5 15.8 15.4 14.9 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 6.9 6.8 7.6 4.7 4.8 4.7 5.1 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.0 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.0 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 1.9 0.1 3.4 3.1 2.2 -1.6 -0.7 -1.4 -0.5 0.7 1.5 0.2 -1.7 6.3 8.0 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 2.2 -0.4 2.1 3.7 2.1 -0.1 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 1.2 1.4 1.2 2.0 2.0 4.8 ² Broad Money (% of GDP) 47.1 48.9 52.3 53.7 54.1 57.0 60.9 62.7 64.8 61.8 58.9 57.1 58.3 53.8 51.7 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 60.1 64.1 61.8 60.5 61.7 60.8 60.2 58.7 57.9 58.3 57.5 58.0 58.5 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 102.7 105.0 102.7 102.7 102.8 103.1 102.6 100.0 100.2 100.8 102.0 100.3 99.4 98.6 98.9 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 44.1 41.7 44.2 42.7 42.0 40.9 41.8 41.6 40.8 40.8 41.0 42.0 41.2 41.8 40.3 Expenditure (% of GDP) 46.0 46.8 48.2 45.3 44.6 42.7 44.6 41.8 40.5 38.2 38.7 40.2 43.0 41.3 41.1 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.9 1.3 1.3 0.9 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 45.3 46.3 47.6 44.7 43.9 42.0 43.8 41.0 39.7 37.4 37.4 39.2 41.7 40.0 40.2 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.0 -5.1 -4.0 -2.7 -2.6 -1.7 -2.8 -0.2 0.3 2.6 2.2 1.9 -1.8 0.5 -0.8 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.3 -4.6 -3.4 -2.1 -1.9 -1.0 -2.0 0.6 1.2 3.4 3.6 2.8 -0.5 1.8 0.1 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 32.8 33.5 39.7 38.6 40.1 40.2 44.2 43.8 42.3 37.7 36.0 34.3 39.9 37.8 37.4 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 24.7 20.3 21.7 20.8 24.4 26.4 25.5 27.0 26.0 26.8 24.4 24.1 26.2 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 10.8 -14.3 15.0 17.4 -6.9 10.2 2.8 -8.7 6.8 20.7 14.4 -4.0 -6.3 31.1 11.6 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 5.3 -24.3 2.0 18.4 -7.8 2.7 6.6 -17.0 2.7 15.8 11.1 4.5 -12.3 20.2 8.9 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 20.2 14.6 19.2 22.5 22.0 23.5 24.2 24.2 24.7 28.7 30.4 28.8 31.9 31.2 31.6 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 56.7 43.3 46.8 51.7 50.2 48.7 51.9 48.3 47.5 51.5 52.2 51.4 51.1 48.9 49.1 Services, net (% of GDP) 5.4 6.0 6.6 5.9 5.9 5.7 5.9 6.6 6.9 7.2 7.2 3.4 4.4 5.1 5.4 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -1319.3 -1135.1 -1030.6 -1767.3 -1486.0 -968.1 -1364.2 -821.7 -796.0 -784.6 -750.6 -583.6 -769.9 -680.0 -537.7 Current account balance (% of GDP) -10.3 -6.2 -5.8 -9.3 -8.2 -5.0 -7.1 -4.9 -4.5 -4.2 -3.6 -2.9 -3.9 -3.2 -2.4 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 2.7 1.3 2.1 2.5 -1.8 -1.2 -2.8 -1.7 1.6 2.0 2.2 3.5 2.0 3.3 3.5 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 65.2 79.5 83.2 66.2 75.5 75.8 70.5 71.6 68.8 72.1 65.7 65.5 71.5 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 13.3 8.8 10.0 22.2 18.8 20.7 21.5 30.7 18.4 16.9 22.2 17.5 22.6 .. .. See next page for more indicators BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 Population Growth (annual %) -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -1.2 -1.5 -1.7 -1.7 -1.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 Unemployment Rate2 27.6 24.1 27.3 27.6 28.0 27.5 27.5 27.7 25.4 20.5 18.4 15.7 15.3 .. .. OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 18427.6 21233.6 21499.2 22235.1 22170.5 22848.2 23225.1 24301.9 25411.8 27020.3 28791.0 30219.0 30009.8 32740.3 34521.0 GDP (current US$, millions) 12003.0 15081.7 14558.9 15804.3 14564.8 15510.3 15754.3 13780.5 14372.4 15570.1 17375.4 17287.8 17168.1 18730.3 19749.0 GDP per capita LCU (real) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Human Development Index Ranking⁴ 82.8 86 92 92 82 82 81 81 73 73 73 73 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. BULGARIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 3.6 -3.3 1.5 2.1 0.8 -0.6 1.0 3.4 3.0 2.8 2.7 4.0 -4.4 4.2 2.6 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 4.5 -2.6 2.2 2.8 1.3 0.0 1.5 4.1 3.8 3.5 3.4 4.8 -3.7 5.0 3.4 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 5310.2 6982.7 6856.1 7846.7 7431.4 7684.8 7901.9 7078.3 7568.9 8386.5 9451.6 9878.7 10112.3 11276.0 11307.4 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 4.6 -4.2 2.4 2.0 3.7 -3.9 1.4 2.8 2.2 2.5 3.7 6.0 -0.4 8.0 3.3 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 22.8 27.8 22.2 20.8 21.1 21.2 21.1 20.9 18.4 18.3 18.8 18.6 19.2 16.6 16.8 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 4.0 0.6 4.5 2.7 4.2 -1.6 -0.9 -0.4 0.1 2.8 2.6 3.8 0.1 7.7 10.0 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 4.8 2.8 2.4 4.2 3.0 0.9 -1.4 -0.1 -0.8 2.1 2.8 3.1 1.7 3.3 9.3 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 60.9 65.1 67.7 70.0 74.5 81.7 80.7 82.5 83.3 83.4 84.8 85.1 104.9 86.9 95.9 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 60.9 65.1 67.7 70.0 74.5 81.7 80.7 82.5 83.3 83.4 84.8 85.1 94.7 94.8 .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 101.7 105.5 101.5 102.7 102.1 99.8 99.9 100.0 102.6 107.7 112.4 112.1 113.9 115.7 123.4 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 36.2 34.2 32.0 31.3 33.2 35.2 34.9 35.9 35.6 34.4 36.1 36.6 36.9 39.4 43.0 Expenditure (% of GDP) 36.4 35.1 35.7 33.1 33.7 37.0 38.6 38.7 34.1 33.6 35.9 37.5 39.9 42.4 47.4 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 1.4 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 35.0 34.4 35.1 32.4 33.0 36.1 37.9 37.9 33.3 32.8 35.3 37.0 39.4 41.9 47.1 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -0.2 -0.9 -3.8 -1.8 -0.4 -1.8 -3.7 -2.8 1.5 0.8 0.1 -1.0 -2.9 -2.9 -4.4 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 1.2 -0.1 -3.1 -1.2 0.3 -0.9 -3.0 -2.0 2.3 1.6 0.7 -0.4 -2.4 -2.5 -4.1 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 30.5 13.7 15.3 15.2 16.6 17.0 27.0 25.9 29.2 25.2 22.2 20.1 24.8 25.1 28.5 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 21.7 9.8 9.6 8.1 10.8 8.5 10.3 17.3 20.5 19.6 17.3 16.2 17.1 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.7 -23.3 9.7 33.4 -3.4 9.9 2.5 -12.2 6.3 15.4 9.7 1.0 -10.6 26.1 -5.8 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.1 -33.6 -0.8 25.4 2.2 5.2 2.3 -14.2 -0.5 17.0 12.8 -0.2 -8.9 27.3 5.2 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 40.1 28.6 37.1 46.0 46.6 50.5 48.9 47.8 47.4 51.3 49.3 47.3 44.5 52.2 54.6 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 52.7 41.6 46.4 52.4 56.0 57.4 55.3 53.6 49.4 52.8 54.2 52.0 47.6 57.3 59.4 Services, net (% of GDP) 4.7 5.3 6.4 6.7 6.1 6.3 5.9 6.7 7.0 5.8 7.3 8.0 5.0 6.6 -0.7 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -2526.8 -4332.8 -872.0 189.3 -459.7 711.1 703.9 -0.2 1651.0 1961.1 627.8 1285.0 -184.1 -1746.7 74.0 Current account balance (% of GDP) -6.7 -8.3 -1.7 0.3 -0.8 1.3 1.2 0.0 3.1 3.3 0.9 1.9 -0.3 -2.3 0.1 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 0.9 -6.7 -2.4 -2.9 -2.5 -3.0 -0.3 -4.1 -1.2 -2.5 -1.3 -2.0 -3.5 -1.3 -1.7 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 84.7 107.0 100.0 82.8 94.7 92.5 82.5 79.5 74.1 69.2 60.4 58.8 62.0 61.8 .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 17.6 20.0 16.1 12.8 13.9 16.7 14.0 28.2 22.8 21.1 15.2 12.6 12.6 .. .. See next page for more indicators BULGARIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 7.6 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.9 6.8 Population Growth (annual %) -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 Unemployment Rate2 11.6 6.8 10.3 11.3 12.3 12.9 11.4 9.1 7.6 6.2 5.2 4.2 5.1 5.3 .. International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 1.3 2.0 2.4 2.2 1.8 1.6 3.4 1.9 1.4 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 2.9 4.4 5.0 5.4 5.0 3.9 6.0 4.6 3.3 2.2 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.5 ⁴ Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP) .. 9.0 11.4 11.9 11.6 11.5 9.1 12.4 9.4 7.9 6.9 6.2 6.3 6.2 6.2 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 60982.0 73181.5 74877.7 81124.4 82645.9 82241.8 84150.3 89599.8 95390.5 102740.6 109964.2 120395.2 119951.1 132744.1 132126.1 GDP (current US$, millions) 39542.9 51982.6 50704.7 57660.4 54293.3 55830.9 57083.2 50808.2 53949.7 59342.6 66397.7 68911.6 70051.1 77522.8 77161.9 GDP per capita LCU (real) 10060.2 11095.7 11341.2 11654.0 11810.2 11809.9 11992.1 12482.6 12952.5 13407.9 13867.6 14529.4 13989.2 14684.7 15179.2 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 55.2 56 54 55 55 55 54 53 54 58 56 56 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2019-EU-SILC.Projection using neutral distribution (2019) with pass-through = 0.7 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2019. Nowcast: 2020-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. CROATIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 1.8 -7.3 -1.3 -0.1 -2.3 -0.4 -0.3 2.5 3.5 3.4 2.9 3.5 -8.1 10.4 3.8 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 2.2 -7.2 -1.0 0.3 -2.0 -0.1 0.1 3.4 4.3 4.7 3.8 4.1 -7.7 14.9 4.4 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 11484.6 14663.0 14062.4 14758.2 13400.4 13835.3 13759.6 11926.5 12531.9 13632.3 15229.2 15312.0 14141.2 17434.6 17671.4 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 1.7 -8.8 -1.5 1.1 -2.4 -1.6 -2.5 0.4 3.1 3.1 3.3 4.1 -5.3 10.0 2.2 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 22.7 25.0 21.0 20.0 19.4 19.4 19.0 19.3 19.8 19.7 20.1 21.5 22.3 21.6 23.1 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 5.0 6.0 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.2 2.7 3.5 4.3 5.6 5.6 6.8 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV) 1,3 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.1 4.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.7 0.2 1.2 0.9 1.3 -0.7 5.4 6.3 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average) 3 2.5 2.4 1.0 2.3 3.4 2.2 -0.2 -0.5 -1.1 1.1 1.5 0.8 0.2 2.6 6.1 M2 ( % of GDP)² .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP) 2 56.8 66.2 67.6 69.2 70.0 68.7 67.3 63.6 59.4 56.3 54.6 53.1 59.8 .. .. ³ 10 year interest rate (annual average) 5.6 6.4 6.4 6.5 6.4 5.0 4.4 3.7 3.6 2.8 2.2 1.7 .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 6.2 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.9 5.7 5.7 6.9 6.8 6.6 6.3 6.6 6.6 6.4 6.8 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 103.3 107.8 105.9 103.4 101.9 102.5 101.6 100.0 100.5 101.3 103.3 102.5 101.9 106.4 104.7 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 43.3 42.8 42.1 41.1 42.9 42.8 43.2 44.8 45.9 45.5 45.7 46.3 47.2 46.0 45.8 Expenditure (% of GDP) 47.7 48.9 48.5 48.9 48.4 48.3 48.7 48.2 46.9 44.7 45.5 46.0 54.5 49.7 49.0 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.6 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.6 1.5 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 45.5 46.7 46.1 46.3 45.3 45.2 45.3 44.8 43.8 42.1 43.2 43.9 52.6 48.0 47.5 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -4.4 -6.2 -6.4 -7.9 -5.5 -5.5 -5.5 -3.4 -0.9 0.8 0.2 0.3 -7.4 -3.6 -3.2 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.2 -4.0 -4.0 -5.2 -2.4 -2.4 -2.1 0.0 2.1 3.4 2.5 2.5 -5.4 -2.0 -1.7 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 51.8 48.4 57.3 63.7 69.4 80.3 83.9 83.3 79.8 76.7 73.3 71.1 87.3 80.7 78.3 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 24.9 23.2 25.9 26.9 29.5 34.7 36.0 35.0 31.0 30.1 26.8 23.1 28.0 26.9 25.9 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 8.3 -20.0 5.8 11.9 -7.7 5.2 6.2 -7.9 7.1 12.7 11.1 2.6 -23.9 44.9 4.2 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 7.8 -26.9 -5.6 11.8 -8.1 6.1 2.1 -9.3 5.1 14.0 14.5 1.5 -12.2 27.1 6.7 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 17.3 14.5 17.7 19.3 19.5 20.1 21.5 22.5 22.2 23.5 23.2 23.1 24.3 25.3 27.5 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 35.3 30.9 30.7 33.3 33.6 35.1 36.6 38.3 38.3 40.4 41.5 41.9 41.6 43.6 47.6 Services, net (% of GDP) 12.7 10.9 11.4 12.3 12.6 13.0 14.7 16.0 17.3 17.6 17.5 18.5 10.6 17.4 17.8 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -2102.1 -4112.7 -1288.8 -1062.5 -1012.8 -601.0 203.7 1690.0 1207.9 1990.3 1173.7 1887.0 -64.4 2370.9 1371.2 Current account balance (% of GDP) -4.2 -6.5 -2.1 -1.7 -1.8 -1.0 0.3 3.4 2.3 3.5 1.9 3.0 -0.1 3.5 2.0 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 3.2 2.8 1.8 2.1 2.4 1.7 1.6 0.4 4.2 2.2 1.6 6.1 1.3 2.3 2.5 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt) 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. See next page for more indicators CROATIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.9 Population Growth (annual %) -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9 -0.6 -0.4 -3.9 -0.6 Unemployment Rate2 13.6 9.2 11.6 13.7 15.9 17.3 17.3 16.2 13.1 11.2 8.4 6.6 7.5 .. .. ⁴ International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP) .. 0.9 1.3 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 ⁴ Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP) .. 1.7 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.3 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 ⁴ Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP) .. 4.5 5.8 6.9 6.9 6.8 5.8 5.0 4.1 3.6 2.4 1.8 2.4 1.6 1.5 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 292001.8 333332.5 332222.9 337571.8 334591.9 335955.2 335292.2 344034.4 355920.3 372354.9 390856.0 412228.3 378349.0 431424.5 466354.9 GDP (current US$, millions) 49266.7 63126.7 60404.0 63174.2 57186.8 58878.7 58318.6 50134.3 52312.6 56226.6 62254.0 62248.1 57232.4 67795.0 68303.4 GDP per capita LCU (real) 77287.8 81413.5 80577.8 80787.6 79190.8 79123.3 79171.4 81842.7 85327.6 89307.3 92722.2 96481.8 89063.5 102377.0 106913.9 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 45.5 45 44 44 45 45 45 44 45 45 44 43 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2019-EU-SILC.Projection using neutral distribution (2019) with pass-through = 0.87 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2019. Nowcast: 2020-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. GEORGIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 5.7 -3.7 6.2 7.4 6.4 3.6 4.4 3.0 2.9 4.8 4.8 5.0 -6.8 10.4 2.5 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 6.4 -2.8 7.0 8.2 7.2 3.9 4.4 2.9 2.8 4.8 4.9 5.2 -6.8 10.5 2.7 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 2637.3 2822.7 3233.3 4021.7 4421.8 4623.7 4739.2 4014.2 4062.2 4357.0 4722.8 4698.0 4256.7 5030.3 5248.5 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 5.3 -1.6 -0.8 9.0 4.2 2.5 5.7 3.8 -5.7 7.4 5.8 7.2 8.8 8.7 3.0 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 23.4 15.3 18.9 20.3 22.1 18.8 21.9 24.4 26.5 25.5 25.1 24.0 22.4 21.5 20.1 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 6.0 4.3 8.5 8.0 7.1 3.7 4.8 6.0 5.3 6.4 6.4 6.7 7.8 7.0 6.1 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 5.3 3.0 11.2 2.0 -1.4 2.4 2.0 4.9 -0.2 6.7 1.5 4.6 2.4 13.9 14.0 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 5.0 1.7 7.1 8.5 -0.9 -0.5 3.1 4.0 2.1 6.0 2.6 5.0 5.2 9.6 11.0 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 11.9 13.0 13.6 14.8 14.9 19.0 19.0 16.8 18.2 20.5 21.7 23.3 27.7 27.6 31.4 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 38.4 32.7 32.3 33.7 36.4 40.7 45.8 51.1 58.7 58.1 62.6 67.7 79.9 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.5 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 105.5 95.1 102.0 111.3 113.1 108.9 108.1 100.0 102.3 100.3 101.5 96.5 93.5 99.5 105.0 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 24.2 29.3 26.9 27.0 27.8 26.0 26.1 26.4 27.0 26.8 26.5 26.2 25.2 25.4 24.7 Expenditure (% of GDP) 25.6 35.8 33.1 30.3 30.4 28.2 29.0 29.8 30.7 30.3 29.1 29.6 35.0 32.5 29.4 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.4 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 25.8 34.9 32.1 29.2 29.5 27.4 28.2 28.8 29.6 29.1 27.9 28.4 33.4 31.1 28.0 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.4 -6.5 -6.2 -3.4 -2.7 -2.2 -2.9 -3.4 -3.7 -3.5 -2.6 -3.4 -9.8 -7.1 -4.7 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -0.4 -5.6 -5.3 -2.2 -1.7 -1.4 -2.1 -2.4 -2.6 -2.3 -1.4 -2.2 -8.2 -5.8 -3.3 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 36.6 41.1 40.3 34.9 33.5 32.6 33.4 38.8 42.2 41.6 40.4 41.8 60.1 49.4 48.8 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 26.6 31.7 32.0 27.5 26.5 25.5 25.1 30.5 33.4 32.9 31.6 32.0 47.6 39.8 39.6 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 17.6 -13.0 27.6 29.6 14.9 19.2 -1.6 -13.1 1.0 22.2 17.4 7.2 -37.9 27.5 -3.4 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 15.5 -29.8 17.0 30.5 14.5 1.4 8.4 -13.6 -2.0 10.1 15.0 3.1 -19.3 18.8 -3.5 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 19.8 17.2 20.1 21.5 21.2 24.7 23.1 20.7 19.4 22.4 25.3 28.5 27.6 28.5 27.6 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 41.7 39.7 41.3 44.7 46.8 45.0 47.3 47.0 44.9 45.8 48.6 49.9 47.6 48.7 45.8 Services, net (% of GDP) 3.7 3.3 4.2 4.9 6.6 8.1 7.3 9.3 10.3 12.4 12.7 12.4 0.8 3.7 3.0 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -1301.7 -1141.0 -1195.7 -1843.5 -1886.4 -958.4 -1789.6 -1763.4 -1885.1 -1309.2 -1190.0 -957.2 -1962.3 -1969.9 -2530.7 Current account balance (% of GDP) -11.6 -10.6 -9.8 -12.2 -11.4 -5.6 -10.2 -11.8 -12.4 -8.1 -6.8 -5.5 -12.4 -10.5 -13.0 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 8.0 6.3 6.0 6.5 4.6 5.3 8.1 9.5 8.2 10.5 5.6 6.0 3.5 5.9 3.9 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 62.1 80.6 71.8 71.6 76.6 79.1 80.3 99.5 107.8 101.1 98.4 107.3 126.8 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 16.2 21.0 17.5 24.8 21.7 20.9 24.0 31.0 36.8 29.7 23.9 22.5 35.3 .. .. See next page for more indicators GEORGIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 Population Growth (annual %) -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 Unemployment Rate2 15.7 20.7 20.2 19.6 19.6 19.4 17.4 16.5 16.6 13.9 12.7 11.6 18.5 .. .. International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 10.1 12.0 11.1 8.5 6.4 4.9 3.7 3.8 5.0 4.5 3.8 4.2 3.4 3.2 Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 28.9 30.6 28.3 25.4 20.8 17.8 15.7 16.1 16.1 15.5 14.8 17.0 14.1 13.9 Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 59.9 60.8 59.0 54.9 49.5 45.7 44.8 43.3 43.0 42.5 41.9 46.6 40.6 39.8 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 17887.9 17986.0 21821.6 25478.7 27227.3 28593.0 31124.1 33935.0 35836.0 40761.7 44599.3 49252.6 49266.7 60264.6 68566.1 GDP (current US$, millions) 10018.2 10766.8 12243.5 15107.4 16488.4 17189.5 17627.1 14954.0 15141.8 16243.0 17599.7 17477.2 15846.5 18706.4 19479.0 GDP per capita LCU (real) 6308.7 6573.4 7035.3 7614.0 8162.5 8483.1 8855.7 9109.4 9368.5 9820.9 10300.6 10832.3 10093.0 11154.6 11456.4 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 72.1 75 74 74 71 69 68 65 66 64 63 61 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2020-HIS.Projection using neutral distribution (2020) with pass-through = 0.87 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2020. Nowcast: 2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF.Due to pending tax reforms and expenditure adjustments, fiscal indicators are not reported in this table. KAZAKHSTAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 7.3 1.2 7.3 7.4 4.8 6.0 4.2 1.2 1.1 4.1 4.1 4.5 -2.5 4.0 1.8 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 6.2 -0.8 5.8 5.9 3.3 4.5 2.7 -0.3 -0.3 2.7 2.7 3.2 -3.8 2.8 0.7 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 6942.4 7165.2 9070.5 11634.0 12386.7 13890.6 12807.3 10510.8 7714.8 9247.6 9812.5 9812.5 9130.7 10693.5 9906.4 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 7.9 0.7 11.2 11.9 10.3 10.4 1.5 1.8 1.2 1.5 6.1 6.1 -3.8 7.0 2.7 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 24.4 27.8 24.3 21.5 22.8 21.9 21.6 22.9 22.7 26.4 25.3 27.6 28.5 27.7 25.8 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 8.3 6.2 7.6 7.5 6.0 4.6 7.4 13.7 8.4 7.0 5.4 5.4 7.4 8.4 12.0 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 8.2 7.3 7.1 8.3 5.1 5.8 6.7 6.6 14.6 7.4 6.2 5.3 6.8 8.0 10.5 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 27.4 40.4 36.6 32.3 32.7 30.7 30.8 36.6 39.3 36.1 32.7 30.4 31.7 29.8 29.6 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 37.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. 37.7 33.0 29.2 25.9 24.3 25.6 .. .. ³ 10 year interest rate (annual average) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 148.3 147.5 147.4 146.6 149.1 152.1 179.2 221.7 342.2 326.0 344.7 382.8 413.0 398.9 478.7 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 95.1 85.2 91.4 90.6 96.1 106.4 96.1 100.0 76.0 84.7 82.4 80.8 79.7 85.6 78.5 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 20.6 20.4 19.5 18.9 18.6 17.6 18.3 18.5 19.7 21.2 17.3 18.2 20.4 19.5 17.6 Expenditure (% of GDP) 21.6 23.4 22.0 19.2 20.2 19.0 19.6 20.1 20.1 23.0 18.4 19.5 23.7 22.5 20.3 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.2 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 21.0 22.9 21.6 18.7 19.8 18.5 19.1 19.4 19.0 22.1 17.4 18.5 22.6 21.2 19.2 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.0 -2.9 -2.5 -0.3 -1.6 -1.4 -1.3 -1.6 -0.4 -1.8 -1.0 -1.3 -3.3 -3.0 -2.7 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -0.4 -2.5 -2.1 0.2 -1.2 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.7 -1.0 -0.1 -0.3 -2.2 -1.7 -1.6 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 13.0 10.2 10.7 10.2 12.1 12.6 14.5 21.9 19.6 19.6 19.9 19.6 24.8 24.6 28.3 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 6.9 2.2 2.6 2.4 3.6 5.2 6.8 10.9 15.6 12.8 13.5 13.6 14.9 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 17.3 -37.0 36.4 36.7 2.7 -0.9 -5.5 -40.7 -18.5 29.4 24.8 -1.8 -21.5 36.8 8.6 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 14.1 -21.3 13.5 16.0 18.9 3.7 -11.0 -21.7 -18.2 12.7 13.7 11.4 -14.0 21.2 0.4 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 42.6 38.1 41.5 44.2 41.6 36.0 35.7 24.3 25.8 28.4 33.4 32.0 27.3 34.6 43.0 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 27.5 25.1 22.2 20.9 22.4 20.8 19.2 18.0 19.1 18.3 19.1 22.0 21.1 25.6 28.2 Services, net (% of GDP) -5.6 -5.2 -4.9 -3.4 -4.3 -3.4 -3.1 -2.6 -2.7 -2.1 -2.6 -2.0 -1.8 -0.5 -2.7 Current account balance (current US$ millions) 289.0 -4120.8 1385.7 10198.6 2246.7 1954.1 6113.7 -6011.6 -8132.1 -5101.9 -138.5 -7265.9 -6272.8 -6123.9 1114.0 Current account balance (% of GDP) -0.8 -3.6 0.9 5.3 1.1 0.8 2.8 -3.3 -5.9 -3.1 -0.1 -4.0 -3.7 -3.0 0.6 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 6.7 8.7 2.5 4.5 5.7 3.4 2.1 1.8 10.0 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.4 2.1 1.7 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 76.9 95.2 80.5 64.5 65.2 63.3 71.2 83.1 119.1 95.3 87.5 87.5 95.3 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 40.0 50.2 57.9 35.4 24.7 33.1 35.3 65.4 46.2 49.6 48.2 47.9 56.3 .. .. See next page for more indicators KAZAKHSTAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 15.9 16.1 16.3 16.6 16.8 17.0 17.3 17.5 17.8 18.0 18.3 18.5 18.8 19.0 19.2 Population Growth (annual %) 1.0 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 Unemployment Rate2 7.4 6.6 5.8 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.9 .. .. International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 2.0 1.5 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 ⁴ Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP) .. 19.1 14.6 7.0 6.9 4.4 4.9 5.9 9.6 6.5 4.6 4.0 14.2 12.4 12.0 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 17591019.7 17007647.0 21815517.0 28243052.7 31015186.6 35999025.1 39675832.9 40884133.6 46971150.0 54378900.0 61819500.0 69532626.5 70714083.6 80921301.9 90958090.9 GDP (current US$, millions) 113869.1 115308.7 148047.3 192626.5 207998.6 236634.6 221415.6 184388.4 137278.3 166805.9 179337.7 181665.9 171241.3 202856.2 190014.0 GDP per capita LCU (real) 559306.4 594428.8 628871.4 665808.2 688006.6 718864.5 738106.5 736126.4 733715.5 753477.6 774126.9 798597.2 768636.3 790520.3 795981.9 ⁵ Human Development Index Ranking 63.7 67 67 65 62 59 58 57 58 54 53 51 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2018-HBS.Projection using neutral distribution (2018) with pass-through = 0.87 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2018. Nowcast: 2019-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. KOSOVO 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 4.7 5.0 4.9 6.3 1.7 5.3 3.3 5.9 5.6 4.8 3.4 4.8 -5.3 9.1 3.9 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 4.3 4.2 4.1 5.4 0.8 4.7 3.7 7.4 6.2 4.0 3.1 5.2 -4.6 8.8 3.7 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 3360.9 2847.6 3006.6 3536.2 3410.9 3703.5 3897.3 3519.4 3756.9 4009.3 4384.2 4415.7 4350.1 5057.7 5280.9 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 3.7 6.2 3.1 3.4 3.0 3.6 5.9 1.0 3.7 3.0 4.4 5.6 2.5 7.0 1.7 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 29.8 30.7 31.0 31.2 30.7 29.2 27.5 28.3 28.0 30.0 31.7 31.0 29.7 32.5 34.5 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 10.1 11.1 11.3 11.6 11.5 10.4 7.7 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.9 7.5 5.6 5.4 6.5 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 1.9 0.2 6.7 3.7 3.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.2 1.3 0.5 2.9 1.1 0.1 6.7 7.6 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 1.8 -2.7 4.1 7.4 2.5 1.7 0.4 -0.5 0.3 1.5 1.0 2.7 0.2 3.4 5.4 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 7.5 10.1 6.2 5.5 7.4 11.3 6.9 7.0 5.9 6.7 6.9 7.0 7.8 7.3 6.8 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 37.6 38.7 38.7 38.5 37.9 36.7 37.0 37.3 39.0 41.7 44.5 46.7 51.6 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 104.4 102.8 104.4 105.3 102.2 104.8 106.2 100.0 97.3 96.3 97.4 94.4 93.5 98.3 98.2 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 27.5 31.8 28.7 28.5 27.6 25.9 25.0 25.7 26.4 26.5 26.3 26.8 25.4 28.7 28.4 Expenditure (% of GDP) 28.9 30.3 29.9 29.7 30.0 29.3 27.7 27.6 27.9 27.8 29.2 29.7 33.0 30.1 30.6 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.2 .. .. .. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 28.4 .. .. .. 29.8 29.1 27.5 27.3 27.6 27.5 28.9 29.3 32.6 29.7 30.1 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.4 1.5 -1.2 -1.2 -2.4 -3.4 -2.7 -2.0 -1.4 -1.4 -2.9 -2.9 -7.6 -1.4 -2.2 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.4 .. .. .. -2.2 -3.2 -2.4 -1.7 -1.1 -1.1 -2.6 -2.6 -7.1 -1.0 -1.7 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 10.5 .. .. .. 8.5 9.4 10.9 13.2 14.1 15.7 16.4 17.0 22.0 22.1 24.0 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 6.5 .. .. .. 7.0 6.4 6.1 6.5 6.2 6.6 6.2 5.8 7.8 7.6 9.2 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 7.9 8.3 20.0 36.6 -4.4 2.5 7.3 -15.0 12.6 23.3 16.6 1.2 -27.6 90.4 8.8 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 1.3 -4.8 10.0 20.0 -9.6 0.1 7.8 -14.2 5.3 11.5 18.4 -1.2 -6.6 47.3 7.1 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 6.1 4.8 7.4 6.9 5.9 5.7 6.1 5.7 5.1 6.0 5.6 5.6 7.0 9.9 9.8 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 48.3 50.4 50.6 51.9 48.6 45.1 44.7 42.9 43.0 44.7 46.7 45.8 45.0 56.7 55.2 Services, net (% of GDP) 7.6 6.3 4.4 8.7 10.4 10.3 8.6 8.1 10.6 13.0 12.8 13.1 5.8 14.2 12.6 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -532.6 -519.2 -683.0 -849.9 -376.6 -237.7 -510.3 -551.5 -532.5 -393.8 -600.9 -445.7 -538.5 -820.7 -918.1 Current account balance (% of GDP) -8.9 -10.4 -12.8 -13.4 -6.1 -3.5 -7.2 -8.8 -8.0 -5.5 -7.6 -5.6 -7.0 -9.1 -9.7 See next page for more indicators KOSOVO 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 6.3 7.7 8.2 8.3 4.4 4.9 2.3 4.8 2.9 3.3 3.4 -2.7 -4.2 4.2 4.2 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 29.2 34.4 27.2 26.8 32.5 33.0 31.7 34.3 31.8 34.9 29.5 30.7 40.3 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 6.5 25.5 7.9 6.4 7.1 8.0 7.8 9.7 12.0 8.7 10.5 9.8 18.6 .. .. POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 Population Growth (annual %) 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.6 -0.3 -1.4 -0.6 0.8 0.3 -0.5 -0.8 0.3 0.3 Unemployment Rate2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 4575.4 3610.4 4031.0 4555.9 4797.3 5071.3 5325.1 5674.4 6037.3 6356.5 6671.5 7056.2 6771.6 7615.6 8273.8 GDP (current US$, millions) 6015.7 5015.9 5338.8 6333.3 6163.9 6733.4 7065.0 6293.3 6678.1 7180.7 7878.8 7899.2 7723.1 9007.7 9431.6 GDP per capita LCU (real) 2864.6 2588.9 2695.0 2840.8 2863.7 2998.4 3108.0 3337.1 3544.1 3687.2 3799.9 3998.9 3814.2 4149.2 4300.8 Human Development Index Ranking⁴ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 .. .. Economic Management2 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.7 .. .. Structural Policies2 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.2 .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 4.5 2.9 -0.5 6.0 -0.2 10.9 4.0 3.9 4.3 4.7 3.8 4.6 -8.4 3.6 -5.0 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 3.1 1.7 -1.7 4.7 -1.8 8.7 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.7 1.7 2.4 -10.3 2.0 -6.4 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 760.6 871.2 880.0 1123.9 1178.0 1282.4 1279.8 1121.1 1120.7 1242.8 1308.1 1374.0 1180.4 1275.9 1053.7 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 6.1 -14.5 2.8 9.5 11.3 8.1 2.9 -1.0 -0.6 6.3 5.0 0.8 -8.3 2.4 -5.2 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 23.5 28.2 27.8 23.7 31.4 29.6 32.5 32.6 31.8 31.5 33.3 34.1 30.1 33.1 36.1 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 3.8 4.2 3.3 3.1 2.3 5.0 6.4 7.2 8.0 8.1 4.5 4.8 3.6 5.4 7.8 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV) 1,3 7.6 0.0 19.2 5.6 7.5 3.9 10.5 3.3 -0.5 3.6 0.5 3.1 9.7 11.2 10.8 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average) 3 8.4 6.8 8.0 16.6 2.8 6.6 7.5 6.5 0.4 3.2 1.5 1.1 6.3 11.9 15.2 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 21.2 21.6 24.4 21.7 25.0 25.6 20.6 19.1 24.2 21.7 20.5 18.7 19.4 18.3 19.4 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP) 2 10.8 13.7 13.6 11.5 13.4 15.7 20.1 22.8 20.6 21.4 23.4 24.6 28.5 .. .. ³ 10 year interest rate (annual average) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 45.8 42.9 46.0 46.1 47.0 48.4 53.7 64.5 69.9 68.9 68.8 69.8 77.3 84.6 108.0 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 94.7 82.8 86.1 93.4 100.6 101.3 98.8 100.0 98.6 97.6 102.1 104.0 101.4 106.9 101.1 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 28.8 32.9 31.2 32.7 34.7 34.4 35.6 35.6 33.1 33.6 32.1 32.3 30.9 34.4 31.9 Expenditure (% of GDP) 32.7 32.5 37.1 37.4 40.6 38.1 39.0 38.3 39.4 38.3 33.6 32.8 35.1 34.7 37.2 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.7 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 33.0 31.7 36.3 36.4 39.6 37.3 38.1 37.3 38.4 37.2 32.5 31.8 33.8 33.0 35.5 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -3.9 0.4 -5.9 -4.7 -5.9 -3.7 -3.4 -2.7 -6.3 -4.7 -1.6 -0.5 -4.2 -0.3 -5.3 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.8 1.2 -5.1 -3.7 -4.9 -2.9 -2.6 -1.8 -5.2 -3.6 -0.5 0.5 -2.9 1.3 -3.6 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 62.1 58.5 59.7 50.1 50.5 47.1 53.6 67.2 59.1 58.8 54.8 51.6 67.7 60.3 65.2 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 57.2 54.2 55.9 45.6 46.3 43.8 50.5 63.6 54.4 53.0 46.9 43.3 58.0 50.3 55.3 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.2 -13.0 -5.6 45.5 9.3 9.0 -14.0 -26.1 -0.5 9.3 4.1 19.5 -31.7 1.8 -16.0 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 15.5 -23.7 4.9 30.1 32.1 3.4 -2.9 -24.9 -1.9 7.6 12.4 2.0 -16.7 7.6 -6.2 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 33.3 36.1 33.4 37.8 38.1 37.6 31.9 23.5 23.1 23.0 22.6 23.5 24.2 24.2 31.5 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 55.8 60.0 61.2 62.9 77.2 75.4 69.7 56.8 54.4 54.0 59.3 60.9 60.7 61.3 81.1 Services, net (% of GDP) -2.2 -2.3 -4.2 -1.7 -5.1 -0.7 -4.6 -3.0 -3.0 -1.2 0.3 8.3 2.6 2.2 7.4 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -564.9 -202.4 -474.6 -477.1 -1025.4 -1010.4 -1301.2 -1052.5 -799.2 -483.1 -1001.9 -1075.5 371.3 -277.8 -819.2 Current account balance (% of GDP) -9.5 -4.3 -9.9 -7.7 -15.5 -13.8 -17.4 -15.8 -11.7 -6.3 -12.1 -12.1 4.8 -3.3 -11.4 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 5.3 4.0 9.1 11.2 4.4 8.7 3.1 15.1 8.5 -1.0 0.5 3.8 -7.5 0.7 1.3 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 100.0 87.8 85.9 88.6 91.4 92.9 97.6 115.6 117.0 105.5 98.6 95.2 112.4 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt) 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 16.5 11.4 24.5 12.7 9.8 10.1 12.2 16.8 27.8 22.4 20.3 24.2 25.6 .. .. See next page for more indicators KYRGYZ REPUBLIC 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 Population Growth (annual %) 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.7 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.6 1.5 Unemployment Rate2 8.6 8.4 8.6 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.1 7.6 7.2 6.9 6.9 6.9 8.7 .. .. ⁴ International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP) .. 1.4 2.8 0.9 2.5 2.2 0.9 1.8 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.6 1.1 1.1 1.1 ⁴ Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP) .. 16.0 19.0 16.5 17.1 21.3 14.9 18.4 14.1 14.7 10.9 9.7 16.2 18.3 28.7 ⁴ Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP) .. 57.8 60.8 60.2 63.5 64.3 60.7 63.9 61.4 60.5 54.8 52.6 58.1 58.7 56.7 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 196371.9 201222.9 220369.3 285989.1 310471.3 355294.8 400694.0 430489.4 476331.2 530475.7 569385.7 619102.7 601820.3 723122.2 773360.7 GDP (current US$, millions) 4165.1 4690.1 4794.4 6197.8 6605.1 7335.0 7468.1 6678.2 6813.1 7702.9 8271.1 8871.0 7780.9 8543.4 7160.7 GDP per capita LCU (real) 5501.1 5920.8 5823.0 6095.2 5982.6 6504.3 6630.1 6748.3 6896.6 7082.8 7205.1 7381.0 6622.4 6754.8 6319.9 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 111.4 113 119 119 118 118 116 117 117 119 120 120 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 .. .. Economic Management2 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 .. .. Structural Policies2 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.5 3.5 .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity 2 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions 2 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2017-KIHS and 2020-KIHS.Projection using point-to-point elasticity (2017-2020) with pass-through = 0.87 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2020. Nowcast: 2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. MOLDOVA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 4.4 -6.0 7.1 5.8 -0.6 9.0 5.0 -0.3 4.4 4.7 4.3 3.7 -7.4 13.9 -0.4 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 4.6 -5.9 7.2 5.9 -0.6 9.1 5.0 0.5 5.6 6.5 6.1 5.5 -5.8 13.4 -0.5 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 2589.2 2587.1 2437.4 2941.9 3046.1 3321.2 3327.8 2732.2 2881.0 3511.4 4231.1 4488.2 4410.3 5199.9 5510.2 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 5.9 -8.1 11.0 7.6 0.9 6.4 5.4 -2.5 2.9 5.3 3.9 3.2 -8.3 15.5 0.8 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 23.3 18.6 22.5 23.2 23.6 23.0 25.9 24.3 22.2 22.3 24.3 25.4 27.0 23.8 22.6 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 8.5 0.4 8.1 7.8 4.0 5.2 4.6 13.6 2.4 7.4 0.9 7.6 0.4 0.2 .. Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 9.9 -0.1 7.4 7.7 4.5 4.6 5.1 9.6 6.5 6.6 3.1 4.7 4.1 5.1 18.1 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 28.5 25.4 42.9 41.5 46.9 52.4 49.4 43.9 43.8 43.1 43.2 42.8 48.0 42.2 40.9 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 31.5 .. 29.5 29.9 33.7 35.7 31.0 29.1 25.6 22.8 23.2 24.8 27.8 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 12.9 11.1 12.4 11.7 12.1 12.6 14.0 18.8 19.9 18.5 16.8 17.6 17.3 17.7 18.9 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 102.0 109.2 94.3 100.5 106.1 102.9 100.7 100.0 102.6 109.7 122.5 125.0 133.8 133.4 149.8 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 24.6 28.6 31.9 30.5 31.8 30.9 31.8 30.0 28.6 29.8 30.1 29.9 31.4 32.0 29.4 Expenditure (% of GDP) 25.7 33.2 34.0 32.5 33.6 32.4 33.2 31.9 30.1 30.5 31.0 31.4 36.7 33.9 35.5 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.2 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 25.0 32.2 33.4 31.8 33.0 32.0 32.7 31.1 29.0 29.4 30.2 30.6 35.8 33.1 34.3 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.1 -4.7 -2.1 -2.0 -1.8 -1.5 -1.4 -1.9 -1.6 -0.6 -0.8 -1.4 -5.3 -1.9 -6.1 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -0.4 -3.6 -1.5 -1.3 -1.2 -1.1 -0.9 -1.2 -0.4 0.5 0.0 -0.7 -4.5 -1.1 -4.9 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 24.9 21.3 26.7 25.3 27.8 26.7 27.2 29.6 36.9 32.7 30.1 27.4 36.4 32.4 36.6 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 18.1 14.3 19.0 18.0 20.2 19.4 20.2 23.0 22.1 19.1 17.3 15.7 20.9 18.8 23.0 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 6.1 -31.4 14.3 40.4 -1.2 12.3 -2.7 -15.9 5.5 18.9 10.6 6.7 -3.8 20.0 5.6 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 7.1 -35.1 13.5 32.3 1.8 6.3 -4.6 -23.6 0.2 19.5 17.7 3.4 -1.8 18.6 2.1 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 17.4 12.5 16.7 20.7 19.4 20.0 19.1 19.5 19.3 19.3 17.2 17.7 18.0 16.3 16.5 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 43.4 40.3 50.1 56.2 54.6 53.0 51.1 46.9 45.0 45.7 46.0 45.4 45.1 39.8 38.9 Services, net (% of GDP) 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.9 1.2 1.6 2.6 2.8 3.8 4.3 4.8 4.9 3.4 0.1 1.0 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -397.2 -485.2 -481.5 -852.0 -643.6 -490.3 -446.5 -375.7 -287.1 -546.9 -1210.8 -1117.3 -889.8 -1519.8 -1505.8 Current account balance (% of GDP) -5.6 -6.5 -6.9 -10.1 -7.4 -5.2 -4.7 -4.9 -3.6 -5.7 -10.6 -9.3 -7.7 -11.1 -10.4 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 3.5 3.6 4.1 3.8 2.6 2.2 3.2 2.8 1.1 1.5 2.6 4.2 1.3 1.6 0.8 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 82.8 68.3 67.7 62.0 61.1 65.3 61.5 78.7 77.1 72.1 64.9 62.9 71.1 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 16.3 16.9 14.5 12.7 15.0 15.9 14.2 12.6 12.8 11.0 13.7 13.5 17.5 .. .. See next page for more indicators MOLDOVA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 Population Growth (annual %) -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.8 -1.1 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 -1.7 0.5 0.1 Unemployment Rate2 6.4 6.4 7.4 6.7 5.6 5.1 3.7 4.7 4.0 4.1 4.1 5.1 3.8 .. .. International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 .. 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 7.9 6.0 4.1 3.1 2.1 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.4 Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 31.0 28.3 25.0 24.0 19.2 17.9 15.5 15.9 15.8 12.8 13.3 15.7 10.8 10.9 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 95591.7 82328.1 86275.4 98772.8 105480.2 119532.9 133481.6 145753.6 160814.6 178880.9 192508.6 210378.1 199734.0 241870.6 274264.5 GDP (current US$, millions) 7428.7 7410.3 6974.6 8413.4 8710.2 9494.3 9507.2 7744.6 8073.0 9674.5 11458.8 11953.3 11545.3 13680.5 14511.4 GDP per capita LCU (real) 28963.0 28123.7 30150.5 31923.2 31739.1 34618.8 36355.1 36524.8 38569.8 41090.1 43604.8 45993.8 43343.0 49133.4 48878.5 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 93.9 99 98 96 96 89 90 96 94 92 91 90 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 .. .. .. Economic Management2 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 .. .. .. Structural Policies2 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.7 .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 4.0 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2019-HBS.Projection using neutral distribution (2019) with pass-through = 0.7 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2019. Nowcast: 2020-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. MONTENEGRO 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 2.9 -5.8 2.7 3.2 -2.7 3.5 1.8 3.4 2.9 4.7 5.1 4.1 -15.3 12.4 3.6 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 2.7 -6.0 2.5 3.1 -2.8 3.4 1.7 3.3 2.9 4.7 5.1 4.1 -15.2 12.5 3.6 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 5109.2 6753.9 6688.3 7329.0 6586.5 7186.8 7378.0 6514.6 7028.7 7784.1 8846.1 8910.5 7677.4 9011.0 9627.6 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 4.2 -14.2 2.0 0.5 -3.9 1.6 2.9 2.2 5.4 3.9 4.6 3.1 -4.6 4.3 3.9 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 21.2 27.3 21.6 19.5 19.8 20.2 19.0 20.1 24.7 26.9 29.2 27.3 27.9 22.7 24.3 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 4.9 8.4 5.3 4.0 3.6 3.9 5.3 8.1 3.7 7.8 8.5 8.7 7.5 5.2 6.6 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 2.9 1.6 0.4 3.6 5.0 0.3 -0.3 1.4 1.0 1.9 1.7 1.1 -0.9 4.6 6.7 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 6.9 3.4 0.5 3.5 4.1 2.2 -0.7 1.5 -0.3 2.4 2.6 0.4 -0.3 2.4 5.0 M2 ( % of GDP)² .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 47.4 76.2 66.5 55.3 55.1 53.7 52.0 50.4 49.3 48.9 49.6 49.0 60.0 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 95.4 106.2 103.5 105.7 103.2 107.2 105.5 100.0 98.4 99.9 101.8 98.4 98.9 98.3 99.9 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 41.5 43.7 42.1 39.5 40.9 42.3 44.6 41.5 42.5 41.4 42.0 43.3 44.4 43.6 41.1 Expenditure (% of GDP) 44.5 49.0 45.7 44.6 46.2 47.6 47.7 48.8 45.3 47.0 46.6 46.0 55.5 45.6 46.3 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.5 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.4 1.8 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 43.5 48.2 44.7 43.1 44.3 45.5 45.4 46.4 43.1 44.6 44.4 43.8 52.7 43.2 44.5 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -3.0 -5.3 -3.6 -5.1 -5.3 -5.2 -3.1 -7.3 -2.8 -5.7 -4.6 -2.7 -11.0 -2.0 -5.2 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.4 -4.4 -2.6 -3.7 -3.4 -3.1 -0.8 -4.9 -0.7 -3.3 -2.4 -0.5 -8.3 0.4 -3.4 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 43.9 38.1 40.7 45.6 53.4 57.5 59.6 66.2 64.4 64.2 70.1 76.5 105.3 84.9 77.4 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 32.1 23.4 29.2 32.6 40.7 42.6 47.6 55.7 52.8 53.4 60.8 64.0 92.6 75.9 69.8 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.8 -20.5 5.9 25.9 -10.1 7.4 -0.2 -7.0 3.7 12.0 18.7 3.0 -49.0 94.3 6.2 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 14.0 -35.8 -5.4 12.7 -6.5 1.2 0.3 -10.6 12.1 13.3 17.6 -1.9 -19.2 20.5 8.3 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 16.8 9.9 10.9 14.4 12.2 11.8 10.3 9.0 8.9 8.9 9.4 9.4 9.8 10.7 11.5 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 56.0 54.0 51.6 54.3 55.7 51.3 50.1 49.1 50.8 52.2 53.3 51.1 49.0 49.7 50.5 Services, net (% of GDP) 13.3 13.4 15.3 18.2 19.3 19.4 20.0 21.6 19.4 19.8 20.1 20.6 4.2 19.4 18.3 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -610.2 .. -841.4 -671.5 -624.6 -508.5 -569.3 -445.5 -710.1 -779.2 -935.8 -791.8 -1242.7 -515.4 -755.5 Current account balance (% of GDP) -14.2 .. -20.3 -14.8 -15.3 -11.4 -12.4 -11.0 -16.2 -16.1 -17.0 -14.3 -26.1 -9.2 -12.6 See next page for more indicators MONTENEGRO 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 13.6 35.6 17.7 11.9 14.5 9.6 10.2 16.9 9.4 11.3 6.9 6.2 11.2 11.2 8.1 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 99.9 56.7 109.1 121.6 151.1 161.2 144.3 154.8 142.2 149.0 145.8 150.5 203.8 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 31.8 4.1 5.7 40.1 49.4 55.5 53.4 64.8 61.1 49.9 62.7 55.3 102.3 .. .. POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Population Growth (annual %) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 Unemployment Rate2 23.2 19.1 19.6 19.7 20.0 19.5 18.0 17.5 17.7 16.1 15.2 15.1 17.9 .. .. Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. .. .. .. 23.6 20.2 20.5 19.4 16.0 16.0 16.9 15.6 19.9 16.2 15.6 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 2482.4 2993.9 3125.1 3264.8 3181.5 3362.5 3457.9 3654.5 3954.2 4299.1 4663.1 4950.7 4185.6 4911.3 5245.3 GDP (current US$, millions) 3156.5 4175.9 4142.9 4544.6 4087.6 4464.5 4587.7 4053.1 4374.0 4844.6 5504.3 5542.6 4770.0 5597.1 5977.8 GDP per capita LCU (real) 3582.5 3785.9 3882.3 4003.4 3891.1 4025.2 4093.0 4229.4 4353.2 4558.0 4790.6 4986.8 4228.4 4755.4 4926.7 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 50.1 51 49 47 49 49 50 49 50 48 48 48 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2012-SILC-C, 2015-SILC-C, and 2018-SILC-C.Projection using point-to-point elasticity (2012-2015) with pass-through = 0.87 and, for 2022 onward, 0.5 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU, reflecting 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. NORTH MACEDONIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 2.9 -0.4 3.4 2.3 -0.5 2.9 3.6 3.9 2.8 1.1 2.9 3.9 -6.1 4.0 2.7 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 2.8 -0.5 3.1 2.2 -0.6 2.8 3.5 3.7 2.7 1.0 2.8 3.9 -5.9 4.0 2.7 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 3803.2 4586.9 4580.2 5098.2 4727.4 5240.5 5495.4 4864.8 5153.4 5452.0 6106.9 6070.0 5846.5 6696.8 7145.5 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 2.7 -2.9 3.7 -4.9 0.3 2.0 1.9 4.4 3.8 2.3 3.7 3.7 -4.5 5.9 2.8 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 22.5 24.6 23.1 23.6 23.4 23.8 23.5 23.9 24.4 22.6 20.0 21.0 17.8 20.8 22.7 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 5.8 5.4 6.7 6.3 6.5 6.2 6.4 6.0 6.3 5.0 3.9 5.1 4.3 5.3 6.4 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV) 1,3 2.0 -1.6 3.0 2.8 4.8 1.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3 2.4 0.8 1.5 1.8 4.9 7.6 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average) 3 2.4 -0.8 1.6 3.9 3.3 2.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 1.3 1.4 0.8 1.2 3.2 5.5 M2 ( % of GDP)² 41.8 45.4 46.7 47.2 47.1 43.9 44.8 45.5 45.4 45.4 47.5 49.8 58.5 58.5 .. Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP) 2 43.6 44.2 44.9 45.7 47.9 47.4 49.5 51.1 48.0 48.7 48.9 49.6 54.9 53.8 .. ³ 10 year interest rate (annual average) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 51.1 44.1 46.5 44.2 47.9 46.4 46.4 55.5 55.7 54.7 52.1 55.0 54.1 52.1 52.1 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 98.8 98.5 94.3 100.5 97.5 99.7 101.1 100.0 99.8 99.2 100.6 99.2 101.2 104.4 106.4 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 32.6 32.8 32.4 31.7 32.1 30.1 29.7 31.0 30.6 31.0 30.4 31.4 30.5 32.3 33.1 Expenditure (% of GDP) 34.7 35.5 34.8 34.2 36.0 34.1 33.9 34.4 33.2 33.8 31.5 33.5 38.9 37.7 38.4 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 33.6 34.9 34.1 33.5 35.0 33.1 32.9 33.2 32.1 32.4 30.3 32.3 37.6 36.5 37.0 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.0 -2.7 -2.4 -2.6 -3.9 -4.0 -4.2 -3.4 -2.7 -2.8 -1.1 -2.1 -8.3 -5.4 -5.3 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.6 -2.1 -1.7 -1.8 -3.0 -3.1 -3.2 -2.3 -1.5 -1.5 0.1 -1.0 -7.1 -4.1 -4.0 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 34.7 26.1 27.2 32.0 38.3 40.2 45.7 46.6 48.7 47.6 48.4 49.2 61.0 60.8 62.7 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 23.3 18.9 19.5 24.9 25.6 25.5 31.8 31.4 34.0 31.7 32.9 32.9 40.7 39.8 41.1 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 11.7 -29.6 20.4 32.9 -9.6 8.2 15.5 -9.4 10.9 14.7 22.2 2.3 -8.6 28.2 8.5 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 10.9 -24.7 6.5 26.9 -5.9 2.2 10.7 -11.4 8.2 10.7 18.0 4.0 -9.4 30.6 8.9 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 24.9 20.1 27.8 31.8 30.4 29.2 32.5 33.5 36.5 40.8 45.4 47.5 45.3 51.1 52.0 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 47.5 45.9 49.4 57.0 57.0 52.0 54.2 53.6 55.4 58.6 61.6 64.8 62.3 71.3 72.9 Services, net (% of GDP) 3.4 3.0 1.9 4.8 4.0 4.6 4.5 3.8 3.5 3.8 3.5 3.0 4.0 4.3 4.3 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -370.0 -609.6 -198.3 -261.7 -319.1 -177.2 -71.6 -192.6 -309.7 -96.7 -8.4 -412.2 -417.2 -491.6 -592.4 Current account balance (% of GDP) -3.9 -6.5 -2.1 -2.5 -3.3 -1.6 -0.6 -1.9 -2.9 -0.9 -0.1 -3.3 -3.4 -3.5 -4.0 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 4.3 2.0 2.2 4.5 1.7 2.8 2.3 2.3 3.3 1.8 5.6 3.2 1.5 3.7 3.8 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 52.9 55.9 57.8 64.2 68.2 64.0 70.0 69.3 74.7 73.4 73.0 72.4 80.3 84.5 85.7 Multilateral debt (% of total external debt) 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 54.1 125.5 104.0 124.7 109.0 119.3 116.4 18.0 16.8 13.3 17.5 15.1 14.9 .. .. See next page for more indicators NORTH MACEDONIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 Population Growth (annual %) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 Unemployment Rate2 32.5 32.2 32.0 31.4 31.0 29.0 28.0 26.1 23.7 22.4 20.7 17.3 16.4 15.7 14.7 ⁴ Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP) .. 35.8 34.1 33.0 31.7 30.2 26.5 24.8 21.6 19.5 17.9 16.5 18.3 17.2 16.4 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 381965.6 414622.0 437296.0 464186.0 466703.0 501891.0 527631.0 558954.0 594795.0 618106.0 660878.0 692683.0 655931.0 723238.9 771695.9 GDP (current US$, millions) 7799.1 9406.1 9412.3 10494.8 9743.3 10816.6 11361.6 10071.2 10680.5 11310.3 12679.3 12605.6 12117.0 13879.3 14809.2 GDP per capita LCU (real) 167001.6 176953.3 182511.1 186460.9 185385.2 190531.0 197118.1 204445.8 210039.6 212105.8 218035.0 226509.1 213094.5 221542.2 227523.8 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 81.4 80 80 82 82 85 84 81 79 80 82 82 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2018-SILC-C.Projection using neutral distribution (2018) with pass-through = 0.87 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2018. Nowcast: 2019-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. POLAND 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 3.7 2.8 3.7 4.8 1.3 1.1 3.4 4.2 3.1 4.8 5.4 4.7 -2.5 5.7 3.9 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 3.8 2.8 4.0 4.7 1.3 1.2 3.5 4.3 3.2 4.8 5.4 4.8 -2.5 5.9 3.9 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 10066.8 11540.5 12611.3 13876.8 13095.3 13695.6 14268.6 12576.5 12446.5 13870.6 15461.2 15731.8 15722.6 17365.9 17933.8 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 3.1 3.4 2.6 2.8 0.4 0.2 2.5 3.7 4.0 4.7 4.5 3.9 -2.9 6.2 3.9 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 20.3 21.4 20.3 20.7 19.9 18.9 19.8 20.1 18.0 17.5 18.2 18.3 16.6 17.1 17.1 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 4.1 5.0 5.7 6.0 4.9 4.3 4.7 4.5 3.3 3.8 4.7 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 2.2 3.7 3.1 4.5 2.5 0.8 -0.9 -0.8 0.9 2.1 1.3 3.2 2.3 8.8 8.5 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 2.9 3.5 2.6 4.3 3.7 0.9 0.0 -0.9 -0.6 2.0 1.6 2.3 3.4 5.1 9.6 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 49.1 52.1 53.5 55.2 55.5 58.3 61.0 63.6 67.4 66.0 67.3 67.7 78.0 79.0 77.2 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 37.5 47.0 48.7 51.4 50.3 51.4 52.6 53.6 54.4 52.5 52.5 50.7 50.0 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ 6.2 6.1 5.8 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.5 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.2 2.4 1.5 2.0 4.3 Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 3.4 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.1 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 101.1 98.0 103.6 102.8 100.8 100.8 101.9 100.0 96.3 98.7 100.0 99.2 99.8 104.1 106.4 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 39.5 37.8 38.4 39.1 39.4 38.8 39.0 39.1 38.7 39.8 41.3 41.0 41.5 42.7 42.0 Expenditure (% of GDP) 44.0 45.0 45.8 44.1 43.1 43.0 42.6 41.7 41.1 41.3 41.5 41.8 48.7 46.2 45.6 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.5 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 41.4 42.6 43.4 41.5 40.5 40.4 40.7 39.9 39.4 39.7 40.1 40.4 47.4 45.1 44.0 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -4.5 -7.3 -7.4 -5.0 -3.8 -4.2 -3.6 -2.6 -2.4 -1.5 -0.2 -0.7 -7.1 -3.5 -3.5 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.0 -4.8 -4.9 -2.4 -1.1 -1.7 -1.7 -0.8 -0.7 0.1 1.2 0.6 -5.8 -2.5 -2.0 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 47.7 49.8 53.5 54.7 54.4 56.5 51.1 51.3 54.2 50.6 48.8 45.6 57.4 57.0 54.5 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.8 -19.5 16.4 17.2 -1.7 8.7 6.9 -8.5 4.6 16.7 13.4 2.0 1.6 15.9 5.6 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 10.6 -27.4 19.8 17.0 -5.0 3.4 7.9 -11.8 2.8 17.0 15.1 -1.3 -2.2 21.0 8.4 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 30.9 30.3 32.6 34.9 36.2 37.6 38.4 39.8 41.6 43.3 43.6 43.7 45.2 50.0 51.5 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 34.3 33.0 36.0 38.7 38.7 38.3 39.8 39.6 41.1 43.4 44.9 43.4 42.8 49.7 50.9 Services, net (% of GDP) 1.3 1.7 1.0 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.5 3.2 3.8 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.4 2.8 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -15844.0 -18562.0 -26660.0 -28346.0 -20193.0 -9465.0 -14212.0 -4347.0 -3719.0 -2068.0 -7537.0 2832.0 17319.0 -2806.5 -16815.0 Current account balance (% of GDP) -4.1 -4.2 -5.6 -5.4 -4.1 -1.8 -2.6 -0.9 -0.8 -0.4 -1.3 0.5 2.9 -0.4 -2.5 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) -2.4 -1.8 -1.9 -2.6 -1.2 -0.8 -2.4 -2.1 -0.9 -1.5 -2.6 -2.0 -2.1 -1.2 -1.1 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. See next page for more indicators POLAND 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 38.1 38.2 38.0 38.1 38.1 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 37.9 37.9 Population Growth (annual %) -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 Unemployment Rate2 12.9 8.2 9.6 9.6 10.1 10.3 9.0 7.5 6.2 4.9 3.8 3.3 3.2 .. .. International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.5 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 1238885.6 1372025.0 1446844.0 1565251.0 1623442.0 1646724.0 1711244.0 1801112.0 1863487.0 1989835.0 2121555.0 2293199.0 2326656.0 2542026.7 2806392.1 GDP (current US$, millions) 383553.9 440287.9 479770.5 528194.3 498447.0 520983.3 542373.9 477735.9 472594.4 526731.9 587135.4 597265.0 596685.6 658061.7 679566.5 GDP per capita LCU (real) 36899.2 39342.9 40931.2 42855.6 43423.5 43938.8 45457.3 47414.6 48925.3 51282.3 54027.9 56605.3 55188.5 58419.7 60702.2 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 35.6 35 33 33 36 33 35 33 33 34 34 35 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2007-EU-SILC and 2018-EU-SILC.Projection from 2019 to 2021 using point-to-point elasticity (2007-2018) with pass-through = 1 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Projection from 2022 based on estimates incorporating differential income growth among poorer households. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. ROMANIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 3.8 -5.6 -3.9 2.0 2.1 3.5 3.4 3.9 4.8 7.3 4.5 4.2 -3.7 5.9 1.9 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 4.6 -4.8 -3.3 2.5 2.5 3.9 3.8 4.4 5.4 7.9 5.1 4.8 -3.3 6.5 2.4 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 6516.6 8474.9 8231.3 9150.9 8558.4 9555.2 10027.0 8977.4 9567.1 10807.0 12399.0 12970.7 12883.3 13902.1 14330.1 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 5.1 -6.4 -4.2 1.0 1.7 0.6 4.3 5.6 8.0 11.6 7.7 3.9 -5.1 7.0 3.8 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 25.6 25.4 26.0 27.1 27.3 24.8 24.3 24.8 22.9 22.4 21.8 25.2 28.3 28.7 30.3 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 3.3 4.2 3.7 4.0 3.5 2.8 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.0 3.7 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV) 1,3 8.0 4.8 8.1 3.2 5.0 1.6 0.8 -1.0 -0.6 3.3 3.3 4.1 2.1 8.2 8.5 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average) 3 11.5 5.6 6.1 5.8 3.3 4.0 1.1 -0.6 -1.5 1.3 4.6 3.8 2.6 5.1 9.8 ² Broad Money (% of GDP) 32.7 35.7 37.7 37.7 37.3 38.0 39.1 40.2 41.0 36.4 31.8 30.4 30.9 29.6 28.3 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 26.2 37.0 39.2 39.3 37.7 34.0 31.0 29.9 28.1 26.5 25.7 24.7 26.1 .. .. ³ 10 year interest rate (annual average) 5.5 .. .. 7.5 6.7 5.4 4.6 3.5 3.3 3.9 4.8 4.5 3.9 3.8 5.8 Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.5 3.3 3.3 4.0 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.6 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 100.4 100.4 101.6 102.6 98.1 99.5 100.9 100.0 101.9 101.1 101.8 102.2 102.6 103.0 101.7 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 33.1 30.6 33.0 33.9 33.6 33.3 34.1 35.5 31.9 30.8 31.9 31.8 33.0 34.9 36.6 Expenditure (% of GDP) 36.4 39.7 39.9 39.3 37.2 35.4 35.3 36.1 34.5 33.5 34.9 36.2 42.5 41.9 43.2 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 34.6 38.3 38.4 37.7 35.5 33.7 33.7 34.4 33.0 32.2 33.7 35.0 41.0 40.3 41.5 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -3.3 -9.1 -6.9 -5.4 -3.6 -2.1 -1.2 -0.6 -2.6 -2.6 -2.9 -4.4 -9.4 -7.0 -6.6 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.6 -7.7 -5.4 -3.8 -1.9 -0.3 0.5 1.0 -1.1 -1.4 -1.8 -3.2 -8.0 -5.4 -4.9 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 25.1 22.0 29.6 33.8 36.9 37.6 39.2 37.8 37.2 35.1 34.7 35.3 47.4 49.4 52.0 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 15.3 10.7 14.2 16.4 18.7 20.5 20.4 18.7 17.9 17.0 16.6 16.3 24.1 22.9 23.4 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 14.8 -19.2 18.1 26.3 -5.8 19.1 7.9 -11.2 6.4 11.4 11.8 0.3 -5.9 11.9 4.4 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 14.4 -32.7 13.5 22.0 -7.6 6.9 6.9 -10.8 7.2 16.8 15.3 4.6 -1.7 14.3 5.3 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 25.2 19.5 26.0 30.3 29.9 30.5 31.1 30.6 30.6 30.5 30.3 25.7 22.3 22.3 23.2 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 34.2 26.8 33.7 37.4 36.8 34.6 35.5 35.5 36.1 37.0 37.6 40.3 40.7 41.0 41.5 Services, net (% of GDP) 2.1 0.8 1.2 1.2 1.9 3.3 3.9 4.2 4.5 3.6 3.1 8.7 10.9 9.9 8.9 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -7810.5 -8234.4 -8479.1 -9275.6 -8198.9 -2076.6 -1382.2 -2156.7 -3960.6 -8425.1 -12751.4 -11788.3 -12528.4 -18936.6 -19699.3 Current account balance (% of GDP) -5.8 -4.8 -5.1 -5.0 -4.8 -1.1 -0.7 -1.2 -2.1 -4.0 -5.3 -4.7 -5.0 -7.1 -7.2 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 3.7 2.7 1.8 1.3 1.9 2.1 1.8 2.2 2.7 2.6 2.3 2.2 0.9 2.3 1.8 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 50.1 65.3 69.4 65.2 70.8 65.0 55.9 54.3 51.1 53.9 46.6 47.3 57.2 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 26.4 34.0 33.2 26.8 31.4 35.6 28.1 30.2 22.4 21.6 20.4 17.8 20.4 .. .. See next page for more indicators ROMANIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 20.9 20.4 20.2 20.1 20.1 20.0 19.9 19.8 19.7 19.6 19.5 19.4 19.3 19.2 19.1 Population Growth (annual %) -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 Unemployment Rate2 7.0 6.9 7.0 7.2 6.8 7.1 6.8 6.8 5.9 4.9 4.2 3.9 5.0 .. .. ⁴ International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP) .. 2.8 4.0 5.3 5.8 6.4 6.9 5.1 3.2 3.3 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.6 ⁴ Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP) .. 9.1 10.3 11.9 12.4 14.4 13.0 11.5 8.6 6.5 5.3 4.4 5.0 4.8 4.7 ⁴ Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP) .. 21.7 23.9 27.7 27.5 28.0 25.9 23.4 17.7 13.0 11.0 9.5 10.8 10.3 10.1 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 414643.7 526345.3 529623.5 562062.4 595367.3 635459.4 668590.1 712587.8 765135.0 857895.7 951728.4 1058973.2 1053510.1 1171336.2 1272498.2 GDP (current US$, millions) 133559.7 172611.8 166658.3 184367.4 171664.6 190949.1 199626.8 177893.5 188494.0 211695.4 241457.4 251264.2 248469.4 266712.2 273662.0 GDP per capita LCU (real) 5543.7 6235.2 6026.9 6179.4 6334.7 6580.8 6831.4 7129.4 7514.4 8111.1 8526.1 8931.1 8638.8 9196.7 9414.6 ⁵ Human Development Index Ranking 52.2 46 46 47 52 51 51 50 49 50 49 49 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity 2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2007-EU-SILC and 2019-EU-SILC.Projection based off elasticities calibrated on 2007-2019 growth periods and rapid assessment data, allowing for elasticities to vary between periods of contraction,recovery and expansion.Actual data: 2019. Nowcast: 2020-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. RUSSIAN FEDERATION 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 4.2 -7.8 4.5 3.8 4.0 1.8 0.7 -2.0 0.2 1.8 2.8 2.2 -2.7 4.7 -11.2 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 6.8 -5.1 5.5 6.3 7.5 5.1 2.1 -9.4 -2.5 3.7 4.2 3.8 -7.3 9.5 -8.5 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 19.7 23.0 21.9 21.3 21.6 21.9 21.4 20.6 21.9 22.0 20.7 20.9 21.5 20.0 17.4 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 10.9 8.7 8.7 6.0 6.5 6.4 11.3 12.8 5.3 2.5 4.3 3.0 4.9 8.3 9.2 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 0.2 11.7 6.8 8.4 5.1 6.8 7.8 15.5 7.1 3.7 2.9 4.5 3.4 6.7 22.0 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 36.6 45.3 42.8 41.7 43.9 48.0 54.8 56.0 53.1 52.1 51.2 52.7 60.0 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ 7.7 5.7 5.2 6.0 4.1 3.7 4.9 5.1 4.7 4.1 4.8 4.0 2.6 2.4 2.4 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 34.3 32.6 32.2 33.6 34.0 32.8 33.8 31.8 35.8 33.8 35.9 36.0 35.6 36.8 36.1 Expenditure (% of GDP) 32.7 38.5 35.4 32.2 33.6 33.9 34.8 35.2 39.4 35.3 33.0 34.1 39.6 36.0 38.1 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.7 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 31.5 37.9 34.9 31.6 33.1 33.3 34.3 34.4 38.5 34.4 32.1 33.3 38.8 35.1 36.4 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 1.6 -5.9 -3.2 1.4 0.4 -1.2 -1.1 -3.4 -3.7 -1.5 2.9 1.9 -4.0 0.8 -1.9 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 2.7 -5.3 -2.7 2.0 0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -2.6 -2.8 -0.6 3.8 2.7 -3.2 1.7 -0.3 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 16.1 7.1 11.1 11.8 12.1 13.5 16.1 16.1 15.7 15.1 14.2 14.3 20.0 17.9 19.8 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 8.7 2.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 3.3 4.3 4.6 3.6 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.8 3.4 4.1 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.9 -34.5 28.8 29.8 2.8 0.4 -5.0 -30.1 -15.4 23.5 23.9 -5.3 -21.0 43.8 -16.3 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 13.7 -32.5 29.8 27.8 8.4 5.6 -8.7 -34.3 -5.6 23.0 5.0 2.6 -13.8 24.0 -35.4 Services, net (% of GDP) -1.9 -1.3 -1.6 -1.6 -2.1 -2.5 -2.7 -2.7 -1.9 -2.0 -1.8 -2.2 -1.1 -0.9 -4.6 Current account balance (current US$ millions) 62158.8 50383.6 67452.2 97273.9 71282.2 33428.2 57512.8 67777.3 24468.8 32178.6 115680.0 65399.3 36004.3 120300.0 138248.0 Current account balance (% of GDP) 6.6 3.8 4.1 4.8 3.3 1.5 2.8 4.9 1.9 2.0 7.0 3.9 2.4 6.8 9.8 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 -0.8 -1.7 -1.1 0.8 -0.5 -1.4 0.6 -0.2 -1.3 -7.5 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 34.3 33.2 27.4 26.6 26.8 29.2 26.9 35.6 41.5 32.7 28.5 28.7 32.1 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 12.9 24.2 11.6 7.2 7.9 8.0 14.7 24.2 25.1 17.7 19.6 18.0 23.0 .. .. See next page for more indicators RUSSIAN FEDERATION 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Unemployment Rate2 7.1 8.3 7.4 6.5 5.4 5.5 5.2 5.6 5.6 5.2 4.8 4.5 5.6 .. .. Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 7.0 5.6 4.7 4.3 3.8 3.6 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.0 2.9 2.0 2.8 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 40535632.2 41696699.0 49756699.0 60114000.0 68103400.0 72985700.0 79030000.0 83087400.0 85616100.0 91843200.0 103861700.0 109608300.0 107315300.0 130795305.8 155757494.9 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 56.7 61 60 56 53 54 53 53 51 51 49 52 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2020-HBS.Projection using neutral distribution (2020) with pass-through = 0.87 based on private consumption per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2020. Nowcast: 2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. SERBIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 3.6 -2.7 0.7 2.0 -0.7 2.9 -1.6 1.8 3.3 2.1 4.5 4.3 -0.9 7.4 3.2 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 4.0 -2.3 1.1 2.8 -0.2 3.4 -1.1 2.3 3.9 2.6 5.1 4.9 -0.4 8.0 3.8 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 4758.4 6178.9 5722.3 6808.7 6006.1 6754.0 6590.0 5586.8 5764.6 6307.8 7244.9 7415.3 7730.7 9168.9 9810.9 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 3.1 -3.3 -0.6 1.4 -1.7 -1.7 -0.1 -0.6 1.9 2.2 3.1 3.7 -1.9 7.6 6.1 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 18.0 18.7 17.7 17.5 20.2 16.5 15.9 17.0 17.1 17.7 20.0 22.5 21.4 22.5 21.0 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.1 2.8 3.9 4.9 5.3 6.8 4.8 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 11.0 6.7 10.3 7.0 12.1 2.2 1.7 1.5 1.5 3.0 1.9 1.8 1.2 7.8 6.0 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 18.1 8.1 6.2 11.1 7.3 7.8 2.1 1.9 1.2 3.0 2.0 1.9 1.6 4.0 7.0 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 12.1 14.3 12.6 13.5 12.6 13.3 14.8 16.3 17.9 18.3 20.1 21.9 28.2 28.2 29.2 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 34.3 40.2 47.2 44.9 46.6 41.0 40.8 40.6 40.9 40.3 41.4 42.0 45.5 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 71.7 67.5 77.9 73.3 88.1 85.2 88.5 108.9 111.3 107.5 100.3 105.3 103.0 99.5 .. Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 97.1 109.1 102.5 111.9 102.9 111.5 108.3 100.0 98.1 102.3 106.2 104.2 105.3 110.5 112.1 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 39.4 39.3 39.3 37.7 38.8 37.3 39.0 39.3 40.7 41.5 41.5 42.0 41.0 43.3 42.3 Expenditure (% of GDP) 43.2 43.4 43.7 42.3 45.6 42.6 45.2 42.7 41.9 40.4 40.9 42.2 49.0 47.4 46.4 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 1.5 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.8 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 41.6 42.7 42.7 41.1 43.8 40.3 42.4 39.7 39.0 37.8 38.7 40.2 47.0 45.7 44.6 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -3.8 -4.1 -4.4 -4.6 -6.8 -5.3 -6.2 -3.4 -1.2 1.1 0.6 -0.2 -8.0 -4.1 -4.1 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.2 -3.4 -3.3 -3.4 -5.0 -3.0 -3.4 -0.4 1.7 3.6 2.8 1.8 -6.0 -2.4 -2.3 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 61.5 33.9 41.2 44.0 54.4 57.5 67.6 71.2 68.8 58.7 54.4 52.8 57.8 57.2 58.2 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 34.1 19.6 22.7 22.9 31.4 34.4 35.0 41.0 39.8 37.2 29.8 29.8 34.4 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 16.1 -20.5 12.7 22.9 -4.9 25.5 3.7 -9.1 10.3 12.2 15.7 4.6 -2.8 33.0 5.8 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 14.8 -32.1 3.5 21.4 -4.8 8.1 1.8 -14.0 4.9 15.2 19.4 5.0 -3.9 29.9 5.8 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 20.9 17.1 21.8 22.9 24.9 28.9 30.1 32.1 34.9 35.5 35.3 35.7 34.4 39.0 38.0 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 38.6 32.7 36.8 38.5 41.7 40.3 41.7 42.3 43.3 45.6 47.1 47.9 45.5 50.1 51.0 Services, net (% of GDP) 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.9 1.3 2.0 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.7 4.7 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -4457.3 -2830.9 -2702.3 -5088.1 -4719.9 -2786.9 -2637.4 -1369.0 -1189.8 -2292.8 -2451.1 -3538.9 -2201.3 -2773.1 -4310.1 Current account balance (% of GDP) -9.6 -6.3 -6.5 -10.3 -10.9 -5.8 -5.6 -3.5 -2.9 -5.2 -4.8 -6.9 -4.1 -4.4 -6.4 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 5.1 6.4 3.6 9.4 2.2 3.6 3.5 5.0 5.2 6.1 7.4 7.7 6.3 6.8 5.8 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 75.3 74.9 78.7 64.3 79.3 73.6 68.2 76.3 69.6 71.2 62.1 63.2 72.1 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 34.4 39.0 32.7 32.1 38.7 43.7 41.4 23.0 29.4 21.6 21.7 25.6 19.2 .. .. See next page for more indicators SERBIA 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.0 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.8 Population Growth (annual %) -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 Unemployment Rate2 18.0 16.1 19.2 23.0 24.0 22.1 19.2 17.7 15.3 13.5 12.7 10.4 9.0 .. .. Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. .. .. .. 22.1 25.1 25.9 24.3 22.2 19.8 14.3 10.1 10.2 9.8 9.6 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 2562913.3 3052135.5 3250581.3 3612266.6 3810057.9 4121200.2 4160548.5 4315020.4 4528191.9 4760686.4 5072932.2 5421851.3 5502216.3 6268884.6 6778789.3 GDP (current US$, millions) 34724.0 45234.8 41724.1 49254.9 43238.7 48386.2 46990.2 39640.3 40688.1 44286.0 50588.5 51501.2 53405.5 63008.6 67047.6 GDP per capita LCU (real) 511018.3 560114.3 566481.7 582598.2 581442.4 601179.6 594408.0 608144.8 631748.0 648464.0 681325.5 714663.4 711705.4 768324.0 797319.3 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 62.6 64 64 64 65 67 67 66 64 65 65 64 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 3.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 3.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 3.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 3.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2013-EU-SILC, 2017-EU-SILC, and 2019-EU-SILC.Projection using point-to-point elasticity (2013-2017) with pass-through = 0.2 and 0.3 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU, reflecting impacts of rising prices. Actual data: 2019. Nowcast: 2020-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 20 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. TAJIKISTAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 7.8 3.9 6.5 7.4 7.5 7.4 6.7 6.0 6.9 7.1 7.6 7.4 4.5 9.2 -1.8 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 5.6 1.7 4.2 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.2 3.5 4.3 4.5 5.0 4.9 2.1 6.8 -3.9 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 589.8 676.1 749.6 847.4 969.3 1055.4 1119.2 978.4 807.2 850.6 840.0 890.6 859.1 896.9 749.0 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.1 1.8 -15.0 6.4 0.0 7.2 7.1 -4.4 4.6 -10.0 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 19.1 26.3 24.5 28.6 21.7 24.0 25.8 38.7 40.1 31.2 35.4 31.5 25.6 23.7 22.2 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 10.0 13.7 13.2 12.6 9.0 9.9 10.2 13.1 14.9 17.3 13.2 12.3 12.1 11.8 9.9 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 9.8 6.4 10.2 9.3 6.4 3.6 7.0 5.2 6.0 6.5 5.4 8.0 9.3 8.0 11.9 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 12.9 6.4 6.4 12.4 5.8 5.0 6.1 5.7 6.0 7.3 3.9 8.0 8.6 9.0 12.6 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 10.8 12.3 12.1 12.7 12.5 13.2 13.3 13.8 22.0 22.6 21.9 23.7 26.6 25.4 27.0 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 19.6 22.8 14.2 16.0 14.6 18.5 21.8 21.6 19.1 13.0 11.9 11.6 12.9 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 6.2 7.8 8.5 9.3 9.5 10.3 11.3 14.0 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 94.7 88.1 72.1 86.0 99.1 104.1 113.2 100.1 92.1 97.7 91.5 94.7 114.7 111.0 116.6 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 21.9 23.4 23.4 25.4 25.1 27.2 28.4 28.4 28.6 28.1 28.1 26.5 26.0 27.1 25.0 Expenditure (% of GDP) 24.4 28.6 27.2 28.5 24.6 27.7 28.4 30.2 38.3 34.4 30.8 29.1 29.1 28.7 28.3 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.3 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 23.7 28.1 26.7 28.0 24.0 26.9 28.0 29.8 37.7 33.9 29.7 28.2 28.3 27.7 27.0 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -2.6 -5.2 -3.7 -3.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.1 -1.8 -9.7 -6.3 -2.7 -2.7 -3.1 -1.5 -3.4 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.8 -4.7 -3.2 -2.6 1.1 0.3 0.4 -1.4 -9.1 -5.8 -1.6 -1.7 -2.2 -0.5 -2.1 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 48.7 36.4 34.5 33.4 30.3 28.7 27.4 32.9 43.2 51.2 46.8 43.1 49.9 42.9 45.3 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 40.1 32.3 32.0 30.1 26.2 23.8 21.8 25.3 31.0 37.5 36.7 34.2 38.1 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 3.1 -30.6 -30.8 27.3 22.3 -28.6 -10.7 -1.4 9.1 25.1 -0.8 11.4 13.3 47.9 -11.1 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.0 -26.3 7.9 25.0 21.1 2.4 -19.1 -19.9 -11.9 -5.4 16.5 5.9 -8.3 32.3 -14.0 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 35.3 20.9 8.1 9.4 10.8 6.7 5.7 6.9 9.5 11.6 11.4 12.1 15.5 22.2 23.0 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 61.6 55.6 49.8 53.3 56.3 52.6 38.2 34.2 36.5 31.6 36.1 35.2 33.1 41.5 41.4 Services, net (% of GDP) -3.8 -2.2 -2.0 -3.0 -2.9 -3.3 -3.3 -2.9 -2.0 -1.6 -2.8 -3.0 -3.3 -4.2 -4.4 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -275.2 -180.3 -540.3 -476.5 -698.7 -659.2 -261.2 -471.8 -362.1 159.0 -378.5 -185.3 335.9 84.3 -577.8 Current account balance (% of GDP) -4.6 -3.6 -9.6 -7.3 -9.2 -7.8 -2.8 -5.7 -5.2 2.1 -5.0 -2.2 4.1 1.0 -7.7 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 4.3 0.3 1.4 2.5 3.1 1.5 3.3 5.2 3.3 0.8 3.3 2.3 0.4 0.2 0.9 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 66.5 53.5 63.1 60.1 60.5 57.6 56.2 62.2 74.1 74.6 78.4 80.0 83.0 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 13.1 28.1 30.9 20.1 12.5 11.9 13.5 12.2 28.1 25.9 22.0 19.3 31.0 .. .. See next page for more indicators TAJIKISTAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.8 10.0 Population Growth (annual %) 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 Unemployment Rate2 11.8 11.5 10.9 10.2 9.6 8.9 8.2 7.6 6.9 7.0 7.0 7.1 7.6 .. .. International poverty rate ($1.9 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 4.0 .. .. .. .. .. 4.1 .. .. 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.2 Lower middle-income poverty rate ($3.2 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 22.4 .. .. .. .. .. 17.8 .. .. 15.7 15.0 14.8 13.9 14.4 Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 59.8 .. .. .. .. .. 50.5 .. .. 46.5 45.1 44.5 42.7 43.7 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 19649.2 20628.5 24707.2 30071.2 36163.1 40525.4 45606.6 50977.8 54790.3 64434.3 71059.2 79109.8 84579.2 98908.8 104403.2 GDP (current US$, millions) 4475.6 4979.5 5642.2 6522.8 7633.0 8506.2 9236.7 8271.4 6993.0 7553.3 7644.7 8301.0 8194.2 8745.3 7457.4 GDP per capita LCU (real) 469.7 497.6 518.5 544.6 572.2 600.4 625.7 647.5 675.3 705.6 740.8 776.8 793.4 847.5 814.8 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 121.6 122 123 126 125 122 123 124 126 127 126 125 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 .. .. Economic Management2 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.3 .. .. Structural Policies2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2007-TLSS, 2019-, and 2015-HSITAFIEN.Projection using point-to-point elasticity (2007-2019) with pass-through = 1 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2015. Nowcast: 2016-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. TURKEY 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 5.3 -4.8 8.4 11.2 4.8 8.5 4.9 6.1 3.3 7.5 3.0 0.9 1.8 11.0 1.4 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 3.9 -6.1 6.8 9.6 3.5 7.1 3.5 4.7 1.9 6.1 1.6 -0.5 0.8 10.0 -0.1 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 8527.8 9029.9 10640.3 11334.3 11736.1 12594.4 12169.0 11050.0 10970.5 10696.8 9592.4 9220.3 8634.1 9626.1 7168.6 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 4.6 -3.7 10.8 12.2 3.1 7.5 3.1 5.3 3.8 5.9 0.6 1.5 3.2 15.1 -1.5 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 25.2 22.2 24.6 27.7 27.1 28.3 28.7 29.6 29.1 29.9 29.7 25.9 27.4 28.0 26.1 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.8 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.2 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 14.3 6.6 6.5 10.5 6.3 7.5 8.2 8.7 8.4 11.7 20.0 11.5 14.3 35.7 54.2 Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 17.5 6.3 8.6 6.5 8.9 7.5 8.9 7.7 7.8 11.1 16.3 15.2 12.3 19.6 61.0 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 36.5 48.2 49.5 47.4 46.5 49.4 49.2 50.5 53.6 52.2 52.0 57.3 66.8 59.6 71.8 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP) 2 50.7 37.1 44.4 49.1 51.8 60.3 63.5 66.5 69.4 70.3 67.4 65.4 75.1 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ 9.2 .. 9.9 9.5 8.7 8.1 9.4 9.3 10.2 11.1 15.9 15.8 12.8 17.6 22.7 Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.7 3.0 3.6 4.8 5.7 7.0 8.9 17.0 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 108.9 113.5 121.3 108.3 110.1 107.7 101.0 100.0 97.9 88.1 74.6 73.8 67.6 61.4 53.5 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 32.0 32.8 33.4 33.6 33.9 34.3 33.6 34.0 34.4 32.8 32.9 33.1 32.4 30.3 28.5 Expenditure (% of GDP) 35.3 38.0 36.2 34.0 34.8 34.9 34.2 34.1 35.8 34.6 35.3 36.1 36.4 33.4 33.7 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 7.1 5.4 4.3 3.1 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.8 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 28.1 32.5 31.9 30.9 31.6 32.1 31.6 31.8 33.8 32.7 33.2 33.7 33.6 30.4 29.9 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -3.2 -5.2 -2.8 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -1.4 -1.8 -2.4 -3.0 -3.9 -3.1 -5.2 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 3.9 0.3 1.4 2.8 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.5 -1.1 -0.1 -1.4 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 45.2 43.5 39.7 36.2 32.4 31.2 28.5 27.4 28.0 28.0 30.2 32.7 39.8 42.4 44.5 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 13.7 11.6 10.9 11.3 9.6 10.4 10.0 10.5 11.5 11.2 13.2 13.7 17.6 21.9 23.5 cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 10.8 -18.3 8.1 16.6 12.0 10.3 4.1 -10.7 -5.4 11.9 6.7 3.1 -16.8 38.9 1.1 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 12.5 -28.5 30.0 28.1 -1.6 10.8 -2.6 -14.3 -4.8 16.7 -2.7 -8.2 1.1 24.1 9.7 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 16.7 16.9 15.5 16.9 18.4 17.5 18.5 17.9 17.6 19.7 22.9 23.9 23.4 27.7 35.3 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 23.0 20.7 22.8 27.5 25.8 26.0 25.5 23.6 22.1 26.5 28.1 26.1 28.6 31.3 47.7 Services, net (% of GDP) 3.1 2.9 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.5 3.7 3.5 2.4 3.1 3.9 4.5 1.6 3.3 8.0 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -28588.3 -11360.0 -44620.0 -74402.0 -47960.0 -55856.0 -38851.0 -27314.0 -27038.0 -40877.0 -21740.0 5303.0 -35537.0 -14882.0 -38922.5 Current account balance (% of GDP) -3.9 -1.7 -5.7 -8.8 -5.4 -5.8 -4.1 -3.2 -3.1 -4.8 -2.8 0.7 -4.9 -1.8 -6.4 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.1 1.0 0.7 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.0 1.0 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 42.0 42.9 38.7 36.4 38.5 40.8 43.2 46.3 47.1 53.2 57.3 57.9 60.5 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services) 2 34.3 41.5 36.5 30.8 26.9 27.6 24.2 26.0 37.2 38.1 34.6 34.6 41.3 .. .. See next page for more indicators TURKEY 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 70.9 72.0 73.1 74.2 75.2 76.1 77.2 78.2 79.3 80.3 81.4 82.6 83.4 84.1 85.4 Population Growth (annual %) 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.0 0.9 1.5 Unemployment Rate2 9.6 12.6 10.7 8.8 8.1 8.7 9.9 10.2 10.8 10.8 10.9 13.7 13.1 .. .. Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 15.7 15.2 13.1 12.3 10.7 10.0 10.7 9.5 8.7 8.5 10.2 12.2 11.3 11.3 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 1037006.8 1006372.5 1167664.5 1404927.6 1581479.3 1823427.3 2054897.8 2350941.3 2626559.7 3133704.3 3758773.7 4317786.9 5046883.3 7209041.2 10408533.7 GDP (current US$, millions) 617449.2 650506.4 778256.2 841274.0 882275.7 959037.4 939227.3 864310.3 869721.8 859094.0 780889.7 761403.0 719954.8 810004.7 612266.7 GDP per capita LCU (real) 14633.4 13969.8 14918.7 16347.7 16913.6 18114.6 18754.8 19632.4 20013.6 21237.7 21576.7 21459.7 21633.4 23792.7 23761.8 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 81.5 89 83 78 73 62 59 59 58 55 54 54 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2011-HICES and 2019-HICES.Projection using point-to-point elasticity (2011-2019) with pass-through = 1 based on GDP per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2019. Nowcast: 2020-2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. UKRAINE 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 2.5 -14.8 4.2 5.5 0.2 0.0 -6.6 -9.8 2.3 3.5 3.5 3.2 -3.8 3.4 -45.1 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 3.5 -14.4 4.4 5.9 0.6 0.2 -6.3 -4.5 2.7 3.9 4.0 3.8 -3.8 3.4 -45.1 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 2363.0 2545.5 2959.2 3564.1 3852.0 4024.1 2938.9 2120.5 2181.2 2666.4 2942.1 3691.3 3829.6 4741.7 2480.3 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 6.6 -14.9 7.0 15.7 8.4 6.9 -8.3 -19.7 1.8 8.4 9.3 10.9 1.7 7.7 -50.0 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 19.9 18.4 17.0 17.6 19.0 16.9 14.1 13.5 15.1 16.3 15.8 17.7 13.3 12.4 11.1 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 3.6 2.5 3.0 3.4 3.2 2.2 1.6 2.5 3.1 3.3 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.0 0.5 MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 12.3 12.4 9.1 4.7 0.3 1.2 25.7 43.8 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 13.1 15.9 9.4 8.0 0.6 -0.3 12.2 48.7 13.9 13.7 9.8 4.1 5.0 10.0 15.0 Broad Money (% of GDP)² 64731429.4 57598768.0 55392019.8 48327182.3 49428675.4 54048973.1 44993611.8 25499202.5 20580845.9 17354781.0 14417708.3 12741419.7 11316444.6 7458239.3 12307914.7 Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 73.2 87.3 75.8 68.5 67.0 70.7 75.2 56.7 47.3 38.3 34.5 30.0 28.4 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ 9.0 .. .. .. .. 9.7 9.0 8.4 9.0 8.1 8.3 8.3 7.7 7.0 17.7 Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 7.5 7.8 7.9 8.0 8.0 8.0 11.9 21.8 25.6 26.5 28.3 25.7 26.8 27.2 .. Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 122.1 127.6 127.7 129.5 131.7 131.9 106.3 100.0 101.3 106.6 110.4 127.1 130.4 156.8 .. FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 40.5 42.3 43.4 42.9 44.7 43.3 40.3 41.9 39.0 38.7 39.7 38.8 39.9 40.5 32.1 Expenditure (% of GDP) 43.7 48.6 49.2 45.7 49.0 48.1 44.8 43.0 41.3 41.1 41.7 40.9 45.5 44.5 49.6 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 2.3 4.2 4.2 3.8 3.4 3.1 2.8 3.6 3.7 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 42.2 47.4 47.5 44.2 47.3 46.5 42.4 38.9 37.1 37.3 38.3 37.8 42.6 40.9 45.9 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -3.2 -6.3 -5.8 -2.8 -4.3 -4.8 -4.5 -1.2 -2.3 -2.3 -2.0 -2.1 -5.6 -4.0 -17.5 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) -1.7 -5.1 -4.1 -1.3 -2.6 -3.2 -2.1 3.0 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.0 -2.7 -0.5 -13.8 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 35.6 34.8 40.1 36.4 36.7 39.9 70.3 79.1 80.9 71.8 60.9 50.2 60.4 50.7 90.7 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 22.9 23.3 25.6 23.0 22.0 20.5 38.6 52.7 52.0 46.1 39.3 29.2 36.2 28.6 .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 9.5 -36.9 26.0 27.5 3.4 -5.5 -19.9 -26.9 -3.9 17.2 2.5 22.8 -8.5 28.0 -78.5 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 11.5 -44.2 28.8 34.8 7.5 -3.5 -28.1 -29.2 3.9 19.2 5.5 18.7 -19.8 35.0 -66.1 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 37.6 31.7 34.8 38.2 36.7 32.2 37.9 38.9 36.0 34.9 34.7 29.6 27.9 31.2 32.5 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 42.6 36.2 41.8 49.3 49.1 44.3 43.2 42.7 43.4 43.2 44.9 38.7 32.1 34.6 46.6 Services, net (% of GDP) 3.3 2.9 4.1 4.8 4.3 3.5 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.7 2.6 3.3 4.5 1.4 3.5 Current account balance (current US$ millions) -3255.1 -1736.0 -3016.0 -10233.0 -14335.0 -16518.0 -4596.0 -189.0 -3450.0 -2414.2 -6475.9 -4134.2 5562.7 -2271.5 -7161.2 Current account balance (% of GDP) -0.5 -1.5 -2.2 -6.3 -8.2 -9.0 -3.4 -0.2 -3.7 -2.1 -5.2 -2.7 3.4 -1.1 -6.8 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 3.5 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.1 2.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 2.1 3.9 3.0 0.0 2.4 0.0 External debt, total (% of GDP)2 67.4 86.6 88.2 81.0 73.2 77.0 95.0 131.5 122.6 103.0 91.6 79.1 80.8 64.0 112.5 Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 25.8 40.5 38.4 30.1 31.3 42.3 29.4 55.2 23.3 20.8 20.7 18.0 24.5 .. .. See next page for more indicators UKRAINE 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 46.6 46.1 46.0 45.8 45.6 45.6 45.4 42.9 42.8 42.6 42.4 42.2 41.9 .. .. Population Growth (annual %) -0.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -5.5 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 .. .. Unemployment Rate2 8.4 8.8 8.1 7.8 7.5 7.2 9.3 9.1 9.4 9.5 8.8 8.2 9.1 .. .. Upper middle-income poverty rate ($5.5 in 2011 PPP)⁴ .. 8.2 5.3 4.5 3.4 2.8 2.5 6.3 5.6 4.6 3.4 2.5 2.5 1.8 19.8 OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 850307.9 913345.0 1079346.0 1299991.0 1404669.0 1465198.0 1586915.0 1988544.0 2383182.0 3007839.8 3531712.3 4005463.5 4334291.6 5484680.6 3644067.5 GDP (current US$, millions) 108956.8 117227.2 136012.5 163160.5 175780.7 183310.1 133503.9 91031.0 93270.4 113545.4 124704.9 155599.2 161428.1 201851.4 104554.3 GDP per capita LCU (real) 21930.5 22492.2 23483.0 24866.2 25004.7 25042.2 23466.6 22404.8 23012.3 23920.5 24885.1 25830.3 24837.3 25682.5 14099.5 Human Development Index Ranking⁵ 69.0 72 71 71 74 73 73 78 76 74 75 74 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Economic Management2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Structural Policies2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ Calculations based on ECAPOV harmonization, using 2020-HLCS.Projection using neutral distribution (2020) with pass-through = 0.87 based on private consumption per capita in constant LCU. Actual data: 2020. Nowcast: 2021. Forecasts are from 2022 to 2024. 5/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF. UZBEKISTAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F INCOME AND ECONOMIC GROWTH GDP growth (annual %) 7.1 8.1 8.5 8.3 8.2 8.0 7.2 7.4 6.1 4.5 5.4 5.7 1.9 7.4 3.6 GDP per capita growth (annual %, real) 5.4 6.3 5.5 5.4 6.6 6.3 5.4 5.5 4.3 2.8 3.6 3.7 0.0 5.3 1.8 GDP per capita (US$, nominal) 1271.7 1181.8 1742.3 2051.1 2267.6 2419.7 2628.5 2754.0 2704.7 1916.8 1565.2 1747.9 1713.2 1983.2 2001.8 Private Consumption growth (annual %) 6.8 12.0 -0.7 6.8 6.7 6.6 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.3 3.8 5.3 0.1 7.1 0.6 Gross Investment ( % of nominal GDP) 21.7 26.1 22.6 20.8 20.9 21.8 22.2 22.1 21.7 24.4 35.4 45.1 41.1 36.4 33.4 Gross Investment - Public ( % of nominal GDP)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MONEY AND PRICES Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, EOP or MRV)1,3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Inflation, consumer prices (annual %, period average)3 14.1 12.3 12.3 12.4 11.9 11.7 9.1 8.5 8.0 12.5 17.5 14.5 12.9 10.8 11.9 M2 ( % of GDP)² .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Domestic Credit to the Private Sector ( % of GDP)2 9.9 .. .. .. .. 9.3 10.0 10.3 11.8 15.8 22.8 29.0 35.7 .. .. 10 year interest rate (annual average)³ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nominal Exchange Rate (local currency per USD) 1373.3 1465.6 1586.2 1715.4 1889.7 2095.0 2311.0 2568.0 2965.3 5113.9 8069.6 8836.0 10053.6 10610.0 11800.0 Real Exchange Rate Index (2015=100) 70.3 49.6 62.2 64.7 67.9 68.8 78.9 100.0 106.7 69.0 55.5 57.8 59.5 53.9 58.1 FISCAL Revenue (% of GDP) 33.0 37.4 29.0 30.3 35.1 27.8 27.0 26.3 21.9 27.8 33.1 28.1 26.6 27.6 32.6 Expenditure (% of GDP) 30.8 34.9 26.2 24.5 28.6 26.0 23.9 27.2 22.3 29.6 35.2 32.0 31.1 33.8 36.6 Interest Payments (% of GDP) 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 1.1 1.2 1.1 Non-Interest Expenditure (% of GDP) 30.5 34.8 26.1 24.4 28.5 25.9 23.8 27.2 22.2 29.5 34.9 31.6 30.0 32.7 35.4 Overall Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 2.1 2.5 2.8 5.9 6.5 1.8 3.1 -0.9 -0.4 -1.8 -2.1 -3.9 -4.5 -6.2 -4.0 Primary Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 2.4 2.7 2.9 5.9 6.6 1.9 3.2 -0.8 -0.3 -1.7 -1.8 -3.4 -3.4 -5.0 -2.8 General Government Debt (% of GDP) 22.4 11.2 7.8 6.9 6.6 6.3 3.6 5.5 6.1 19.3 20.7 29.7 39.0 38.1 42.0 External Public Debt (% of GDP)2 18.4 9.7 6.9 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.8 6.5 7.7 12.2 17.9 21.4 28.5 .. .. cheat EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS Export growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 9.6 -5.1 7.9 20.5 -5.6 3.5 -5.6 -20.6 0.6 11.7 13.9 27.2 -8.1 -10.5 11.9 Import growth, G&S (nominal US$, annual %) 11.4 2.7 -4.1 26.3 18.8 3.9 -13.9 -2.7 2.6 56.1 16.3 23.9 0.6 26.2 -1.9 Merchandise exports (% of GDP) 25.8 31.5 22.1 21.9 17.5 18.0 15.3 11.0 11.5 17.6 23.7 26.1 22.2 22.2 17.9 Merchandise imports (% of GDP) 21.2 25.5 16.0 16.3 17.2 18.3 16.4 14.7 14.9 33.6 38.8 33.7 30.6 22.2 21.4 Services, net (% of GDP) -3.0 -6.5 -3.6 -4.2 -4.3 -3.6 -0.4 -0.6 -1.1 -1.9 -10.5 -19.5 -21.5 -40.7 -32.5 Current account balance (current US$ millions) 1804.1 1847.3 3048.7 2612.2 600.1 1544.6 2764.7 -1778.3 -3194.3 -7761.2 -14120.9 -3404.3 -2932.4 -4595.4 -7240.6 Current account balance (% of GDP) 4.3 5.6 6.1 4.3 0.9 2.1 3.4 -2.1 -3.7 -12.5 -27.4 -5.8 -5.0 -6.6 -10.2 Foreign Direct Investment, net inflows (% of GDP) 1.6 2.5 3.3 2.7 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.9 2.9 1.2 3.9 2.9 .. .. External debt, total (% of GDP)2 27.2 21.6 16.0 13.6 12.7 14.0 15.0 15.6 18.0 26.9 33.7 37.4 53.7 .. .. Multilateral debt (% of total external debt)2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Debt service ratio (% of exports goods and non-factor services)2 5.5 .. 4.7 3.9 4.8 4.5 6.1 9.0 10.7 12.7 5.8 13.2 20.7 .. .. See next page for more indicators UZBEKISTAN 1999 SELECTED INDICATORS* Avg. '00-15 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 E 2022 F POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY Population, total (millions) 27.6 27.8 28.6 29.3 29.8 30.2 30.8 31.3 31.8 32.4 33.0 33.6 34.2 34.9 35.5 Population Growth (annual %) 1.6 1.7 2.9 2.7 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8 Unemployment Rate2 6.8 5.0 5.4 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.8 5.8 5.8 7.0 .. .. OTHER GDP (current LCU, millions) 66174392.3 48097002.0 78936618.9 103232580.0 127590235.5 153311335.3 186829495.5 221350905.7 255421861.8 317476369.3 416246547.3 518625207.9 589622957.1 734725273.5 839620155.3 GDP (current US$, millions) 36818.2 32816.8 49765.5 60178.8 67517.3 73179.6 80845.3 86196.2 86138.4 62081.3 51582.0 58694.5 58647.9 69248.4 71154.3 GDP per capita LCU (real) 2465244.0 2620075.3 2763655.0 2913774.0 3106632.5 3303165.8 3481761.7 3674752.6 3831702.3 3937283.4 4078435.9 4230768.0 4229078.0 4452970.8 4531707.1 Human Development Index Ranking⁴ 111.5 114 111 111 110 110 110 108 108 108 107 106 .. .. .. CPIA (overall rating)2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 .. .. Economic Management2 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 .. .. Structural Policies2 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.5 .. .. Policies for Social Inclusion and Equity2 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 .. .. Public Sector Management and Institutions2 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 .. .. cheat Notes: ".." indicates not available. E = estimate, F = forecast. Data from MFMOD unless otherwise noted 1/ Used latest month available. 2/ World Development Indicators Database and World Bank Staff Estimates 3/ World Bank GEM database; MRV = Most recent value 4/ The HDI ranking in 2001 is in relation to 175 countries and in 2010 in relation to 169 countries. Methodological enhancements in HDI calculations have resulted in notable improvements in the countries' rankings. Sources: MFMOD Database, World Bank WDI and GEM databases, IMF.