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Geneva: IPCC. ­ World Development Report 2010: Development and Climate change Copyright © 2010 by The International Bank For Reconstruction and Development/ the World Bank 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www.worldbank.org E-mail :feedback@worldbank.org © 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA (http://www.worldbank.org/wdr.) This work was originally published by the World Bank in English as World Development Report 2010:Development and Climate Change in 2009. The Arabic translation was prepared and published by "Al Ahram Center for Publishing, Translation and Distribution" for the following parts of the Report: Chapters (1-8), Focuses, Bibliographic Note, Selected Indicators and Selected World Development Indicators. "Al Ahram Center for Publishing, Translation and Distribution" is responsible for the accuracy of translation of these parts. 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Rock Greek Strategic Marketing Norman Kuring, Ocean Biology Processing Group, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (http:// oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov) Naylor Design, Inc Precision Graphics ­ ­ actp@ahram.org.eg xiii xv xvii xviii v vi vii viii ix (SUVs) x xi (SUVs) REDD xii ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ xiii xiv ­ ­ Marianne Fay Rosina Bierbaum Andreas Kopp Kirk Hamilton Ricardo Fuentes Samuel Fankhauser Julia Bucknall Mark Rosegrant Jean-Louis Racine Ian Noble Alexander Lotsch Andrea Liverani Arun.and Michael Ian Westphal Xueman Wang Xiaodong Wang Jean-Charles Hourcade Calestous Juma Elliot Diringer Philippe Ambrosi Agrawal and Michael Toman Alan Miller Muthukumara Mani Kseniya Lvovsky Hilary Sandy Chang Nate Engle Nicola Cenacchi Doina Cebotari Rachel Block Jon Strand Lidvard GronnevetHrishikesh Patel Gopnik Bruce Ross-Larson Jeff Lecksell Stephen McGroarty Andres Meneses Mary Fisk DEC Justin Yifu Lin (SDN) Warren Evans and Katherine Sierra Alan H. Gelb John Holdren Geoffrey Heal Rashid Hassan Zhou Dadi Neil Adger Nebojsa Calestous Juma Saleemul Huq Jean-Charles Hourcade .and John Weyant Robert Watson John Schellnhuber Carlos Nobre ´Nakic´enovic Robert B. Zoellick (GDTZ) (SwedBio) (TFESSD) (KCP) xv xvi Jason Victor Sonia JosephRebecca Sugui Evangeline Bertha Medina as program assistants Santo Domingo xvii ­ ­ ­ · ­ ­ · xviii xix Goes Here Chapter Title xix ­ · ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ xx ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ xxi ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ .Houghton(WRI 2008)World Bank 2008c (N2O)(CH4) (CO2) ­(CO2e)(F-gases) ­ ­ ­ (CO2e) ­ ­ ­ ­ (RD&D) ­ (SUVs) (GDP) BTS 2008 ­ ICCT 2007 DOE 2009; World Bank 2008c; WRI 2008 augmented with land-use change emissions from Houghton 2009. Houghton 2009 ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ Lüthi and others 2008 ­ ­ .Müller and others 2009; World Bank 2008c ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ de la Torre, Fajnzylber, and Nash ­ 2008; Fay, Block, and Ebinger 2010; World Bank 2007a; World Bank 2007c; ­ World Bank 2008b; World Bank 2009b. ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ Deltacommissie 2008; FAO 2007; Government of Bangladesh 2008; Guan and Hubacek 2008; Karim and Mimura 2008; Shalizi 2006; and Xia and others 2007. ­ Science Focus ­ ­ Hof, den Elzen, and van Vuuren CO2e CO2e ­ Nordhaus Hof, den Elzen (FAIR) and van Vuuren Stern Nicholas Stern Hof, den Elzen, and van Vuuren William Nordhaus .2008 CO2e Stern Stern Nordhaus (CO2e) Nordhaus CO2e Hof, den Elzen, and van Vuuren 2008 "Nordhaus assumptions" "Stern assumptions" CO2e Stern Nordhaus IEA ETP McKinsey MESSAGE MiniCAM REMIND IEA ETP: IEA 2008c; McKinsey: McKinsey & Company 2009 and additional data provided by McKinsey (J. Dinkel) for 2030, using a dollar-to-euro exchange rate of $1.25 to 1; MESSAGE: IIASA 2009 and additional data provided by V. Krey; MiniCAM: Edmonds and others 2008 and additional data provided by J. Edmonds and L. Clarke; REMIND: Knopf and others, forthcoming and additional data provided by B. Knopf Schaeffer and others 2008 Hare and McKinseyMcKinseyMeinshausen 2006). 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(afforestation) (adaptation) (Annex I parties) (adaptation fund) (CDM) (Non-Annex-I parties) (adaptive capacity) (anthropogenic) (adaptive management) (GHGs) (additionality) (assigned amount units) ­ CO2e ­ (Bali action plan) (CO2e) (biodiversity) (biofuel) (carbon fertilization) (cap and trade) (carbon footprint) (carbon intensity) c ( arbon capture and storage) (CO2) (carbon dioxide) (carbon lock-in) (carbon dioxide equivalent) (deadweight loss) (carbon sink) (discount rate) (clean development mechanism) (downscaling) (early warning system) (Climate sensitivity) (ecosystem services) (consumptive use of water) (evapotranspiration) (coping capacity) (forest degradation) (geoengineering) (damage function) Kyoto protocol) (Gini coefficient) (green tax) (leakage) (greenhouse gas) ­ (land use, land-use change, and forestry) (CH4)(CO2) (H2O)(O3)(N2O) (innovation) (maladaptation) (institutions) (market-pull) (integrated assessment) (mitigation) (intellectual property rights) (National Adaptation Programs of Action) (intergovernmental panel on climate change) (no-regret project) (reforestation) (polluter pays principle) (reinsurance) (positive feedback) (resilience) precautionary principle) (return period) (UNFCCC) (risk assessment) robust decision making) (public good) ­ (safety net) (sequestration) (RDD&D) reduced emissions from deforestation and forest degradation) (social learning) (stationarity) (social norms) (supplementarity) social protection) ­ (technology transfer) (solar photovoltaics) (technology-push) (SRES scenarios) (threshold) (IPCC) (transaction costs) (A1) (uncertainty) (A2) . (B1 A1 (B2) (weather derivatives) Knight ( United Nations Framework Convention on (weather- Climate Change) index insurance) virtual water) (vulnerability) (win-win-(win)) ­ ­ 0.91 1.17 2.35 2.50 206.4 406.4 92.5 5.81 10.8 14.8 ­29.6 1544 2194 0.34 0.43 2.24 2.28 19.1 10.0 5.6 0.54 3.7 3.2 35.3 142 105 0.29 0.27 2.36 2.28 6.6 5.3 10.0 1.29 7.9 5.3 64.7 342 208 0.58 0.65 3.12 2.97 38.8 27.5 12.5 1.42 18.5 15.2 45.0 377 260 0.38 0.41 2.83 2.77 0.4 0.2 1.5 0.23 8.6 7.2 78.3 60 34 0.32 0.49 2.36 2.72 28.9 47.8 117.8 3.06 9.9 12.2 ­15.9 814 968 0.57 0.60 2.45 2.26 40.0 20.1 2.2 0.42 27.3 28.0 114.1 112 52 0.49 0.41 1.98 1.46 58.8 41.2 6.8 1.31 1.6 0.8 131.7 349 151 2.1 2.93 2.34 2.59 40.3 28.1 6.9 0.41 4.2 5.9 ­8.4 110 120 1.13 1.63 2.07 2.68 118.4 139.7 22.6 1.12 6.3 13.1 ­56.4 297 681 0.28 0.50 2.89 3.0 1.8 1.3 1.6 0.16 10.5 8.8 41.7 44 31 0.28 0.3 2.44 2.69 18.5 16.8 17.9 1.71 7.7 7.0 14.0 454 398 0.35 0.34 1.55 1.4 12.5 7.5 2.4 0.45 0.8 0.6 94.1 118 61 0.21 0.18 1.54 1.4 14.7 10.9 8.8 1.26 1.8 1.3 70.8 334 195 0.3 0.26 2.32 2.3 1.7 1.1 1.7 0.24 6.0 4.0 59.1 63 40 0.34 0.44 1.81 2.19 2.4 2.8 10.4 0.42 10.7 10.9 2.7 112 109 0.64 1.13 2.3 2.61 4.8 6.0 3.0 0.17 6.0 8.6 ­38.7 46 75 0.57 1.14 3.19 3.5 20.9 23.5 22.6 1.11 7.8 9.2 ­15.3 296 349 0.73 1.65 2.26 2.55 3.3 2.9 4.0 0.23 6.2 10.6 ­43.8 61 108 0.48 0.35 2.13 1.79 19.2 13.0 3.9 0.81 3.4 1.4 172.6 214 79 .. .. 2.51 2.38 46.4 19.7 2.1 0.16 8.6 12.8 ­11.3 42 47 0.29 0.31 2.56 2.43 56.6 26.1 5.3 0.82 3.0 2.3 70.3 219 129 0.39 0.44 2.63 2.86 15.5 9.6 2.8 0.34 2.8 2.7 33.3 91 68 0.67 0.52 2.73 2.58 64.9 24.4 8.6 1.62 6.2 3.3 142.3 431 178 0.57 0.92 2.61 3.14 7.2 10.9 10.7 0.44 11.5 14.9 ­23.3 118 154 0.45 0.86 2.03 2.67 1.6 1.7 3.2 0.14 7.1 10.8 ­32.8 38 57 0.64 0.85 2.62 2.72 .. .. 1.2 0.18 2.6 2.5 51.6 48 32 0.44 0.50 2.11 2.43 7.7 6.6 9.0 1.69 9.3 5.3 97.6 449 227 .. .. 3.42 3.43 27.3 26.9 5.9 0.28 3.1 5.6 ­35.5 73 114 0.45 0.45 2.43 2.54 16 8.5 3.2 0.56 3.0 1.5 83.3 149 81 0.83 0.93 2.59 2.79 12.5 10.6 14.1 1.25 7.1 7.2 29.9 331 255 0.26 0.39 2.43 2.84 1.6 0.9 3.4 0.18 8.8 9.9 ­5.9 48 51 0.45 0.91 2.37 2.67 13.2 24.5 6.9 0.34 4.2 7.2 ­45.5 91 167 0.23 0.39 1.39 2.16 0.8 0.2 1.4 0.16 10.1 9.5 49.7 43 29 0.18 0.25 0.98 1.12 2.2 2.1 4.1 0.19 5.7 6.2 ­4.5 51 53 0.17 0.18 1.67 1.67 0.6 0.7 2.4 0.17 6.1 6.2 9.0 45 41 0.30 0.37 1.99 2.3 3.4 2.4 1.8 0.22 3.6 2.5 81.7 59 32 0.78 .. 3.13 3.02 .. .. .. 0.19 6.8 7.8 ­14.3 50 59 0.95 1.77 2.94 2.56 218.7 192.9 94.3 19.06 3.9 1.9 128.9 5060 2211 .. .. 3.31 3.21 3.3 4.1 2.2 0.37 3.5 3.3 62.0 99 61 0.21 0.25 1.41 1.56 13.2 16.3 31.7 1.46 6.4 6.3 9.3 388 355 0.31 0.24 1.76 1.38 2.6 3.6 1.9 0.29 0.9 0.6 113.1 77 36 0.57 0.59 2.48 2.56 46.3 30.5 5.3 0.56 5.6 5.7 33.4 150 112 0.35 0.47 1.61 1.92 1.8 1.4 2.3 0.21 10.6 11.0 0.7 55 55 0.45 0.28 1.58 0.7 4.9 3.5 1.5e 0.31 1.0 0.3 376.5 81 17 0.77 .. 2.71 2.21 .. .. 0.9 0.16 54.6 30.8 202.1 44 14 1.17 2.01 2.73 3.17 13.2 28.8 9.9 0.58 10.2 14.3 ­33.6 155 233 0.49 0.58 2.02 2.07 57.8 41.0 23.8 2.08 17.1 15.6 27.5 552 433 0.23 0.26 2.12 1.83 7.1 5.1 2.2 0.23 1.4 1.4 34.0 61 45 0.67 .. 2.71 3.36 9.1 5.4 1.6 0.29 30.1 12.7 184.0 76 27 0.63 .. 2.65 3.16 .. .. 1.3 0.18 7.9 8.4 28.8 47 37 0.46 0.43 2.09 2.24 .. .. 2.7e 0.52 5.4 2.9 163.9 138 52 0.39 0.29 3.08 2.72 .. .. 0.9 0.16 1.4 0.8 111.2 41 20 0.33 0.38 2.22 2.38 86.1 47.9 12.5 1.48 3.8 3.5 33.9 393 293 0.65 0.54 2.28 2.75 3.9 2.3 7.4 1.21 13.8 10.3 89.6 320 169 0.28 0.42 2.27 2.63 27 36.9 68.1 2.01 8.8 9.7 ­4.4 533 558 0.17 0.22 1.15 1.39 1.7 0.9 1.9 0.14 8.2 7.0 27.9 38 30 0.28 0.28 2.27 2.31 1.4 1.4 4.3 0.29 9.4 7.5 33.6 77 58 0.39 0.49 0.92 0.95 66.2 25.8 2.3 0.36 0.7 0.7 43.0 97 68 0.47 0.58 2.14 1.87 89.2 53.1 28.6 4.33 1.1 0.7 92.6 1149 597 0.34 0.55 2.07 2.47 5.4 6.0 4.1 0.22 5.7 6.8 ­18.3 58 71 0.32 0.41 2.22 2.36 2.6 3.3 8.3 0.69 11.2 10.6 15.6 183 158 0.47 0.61 2.49 2.53 242.8 298.8 324.9 22.00 19.7 19.5 19.9 5841 4874 0.31 0.33 2.3 2.38 7.1 10.0 46.1 4.57 9.5 8.6 14.8 1214 1058 0.29 0.34 3.08 3.18 5.8 4.6 2.6 0.36 8.6 6.9 35.6 96 71 0.47 0.57 2.35 2.39 1,978.9 1,861.0 1169.1 100.00 4.2 4.0 28.3 26,544 20,693 0.38 0.46 1.26 1.38 256.4 115.5 24.0 2.66 0.6 0.7 28.9 707 549 0.61 0.80 2.49 2.41 1,279.4 1,168.3 395.1 47.59 3.0 2.6 38.0 12,631 9,150 0.39 0.47 2.32 2.44 557.1 577.2 750.1 49.75 12.7 11.8 20.1 13,207 10,999 0.28 0.36 2.11 2.36 115.7 142.1 284.8 12.32 8.5 8.6 4.8 3,271 3,122 0.37 0.47 2.33 2.46 651.4 644.6 764.7 48.77 11.1 10.7 16.4 12,946 11,121 ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ 1 61 0.4 17 58 0.6 48 0.9 25 33 1.5 12 6.5 10 84 25.9 11 6.6 2 1,459 0.8 8 7.2 21 44 32.4 5 9.8 1 1,830 2.5 1 15.2 7 139 1.2 27 2.6 12 70 0.6 58 0.5 24 34 0.9 35 1.3 19 51 3.1 24 3 4 176 1.9 6 9.3 9 106 0.7 22 3.1 22 40 1 83 0 18 57 1.1 17 4.9 16 62 1.2 50 0.8 12 70 3.3 9 7 3 187 1.2 18 3.9 12 70 1.5 13 6 10 84 1.2 29 2.2 12 70 2.5 15 5.4 7 139 0.7 63 0.4 23 40 2.8 20 3.3 5 158 2.8 40 1.1 5 158 0.8 10 7 20 48 50 25 0.8 1.5 1.9 118 222 58 60 0.7 0.8 0.9 55 39 7 6 3.6 3.5 2.3 139 114 4 4 5.4 5.7 1.8 110 97 37 32 1.0 1.4 1.4 84 110 66 73 0.6 0.6 2.2 132 106 73 76 0.5 0.5 1.3 79 58 8 8 3.2 2.9 9.7 591 426 70 77 0.5 0.5 1.3 80 60 5 7 5.0 3.3 0.8 46 22 18 27 1.4 1.4 1.5 89 79 31 29 1.1 1.4 1.3 76 80 21 53 1.3 0.9 1.2 75 36 48 62 0.9 0.8 18.3 1,113 905 15 18 1.7 1.9 1.7 103 110 12 11 1.9 2.4 0.9 52 47 55 67 0.8 0.7 1.1 65 48 10 15 2.3 2.1 1.2 73 57 11 19 2.1 1.8 1.5 89 61 57 61 0.7 0.8 1.3 77 67 54 57 0.8 0.9 0.8 48 54 16 38 1.6 1.2 1.3 78 50 52 63 0.8 0.8 1.9 115 75 83 84 0.4 0.4 6.6 403 330 17 20 1.5 1.7 7.3 442 427 ­ ­ .. ­8.3 6122 6.1 1.1 2.3 20.6 53.0 15.7 676.2 878.9 15 91.5 38 0.0 90 1.3 8.8 0.0 0.0 22.3 15.0 .. ­2.7 2514 0.0 0 1.5 34.4 63.5 0.0 14.1 26.1 95 100.7 2620 2.9 3.7 4.7 38.0 49.3 1.1 69.1 46.1 100 81.2 1904 0.0 0 1.4 70.0 28.0 0.0 7.2 3.5 .. ­40.7 1612 26.6 0 6.1 15.2 53.1 0.0 2.6 7.9 20 .. 49 0.0 73.1 0.0 26.9 0.0 0.0 0.7 .. 100 76.3 6213 10.8 3.6 3.0 49.0 21.5 12.4 144.6 91.2 100 34.6 11309 0.0 4.1 1.3 31.6 19.1 43.9 122.5 87.7 .. 0 5890 0.0 10.7 0.2 15.1 16.5 57.0 4.9 9.6 97 65.1 6893 0.0 0 3.4 52.4 8.8 36.0 21.3 12.1 90 58.5 759 0.0 5.2 5.5 83.2 5.0 0.0 11.2 6.1 .. 84 961 0.0 10.1 19.1 66.8 0.6 1.1 2.3 2.7 100 8 7175 12.5 4.6 1.4 35.4 22.8 23.6 348.6 355.6 92 66.2 14569 0.0 0 0.0 28.0 72.0 0.0 46.9 23.2 54 228.3 530 0.0 29.2 3.7 33.0 18.6 15.5 179.1 102.8 15 155.5 153 0.0 63.9 2.2 27.5 6.4 0.0 10.3 6.3 95 63.9 2042 0.0 14.9 9.7 64.6 3.2 0.1 3.2 2.3 .. ­29.1 1691 0.0 0 1.1 10.9 85.8 2.2 48.5 46.4 .. ­29.0 3400 17.1 0.4 0.8 10.8 42.4 29.1 137.4 253.8 100 72.1 6500 0.0 1.4 1.3 54.8 26.0 11.0 15.5 10.3 100 94 31306 0.0 0.1 75.3 22.9 0.0 1.8 4.3 2.2 100 39 5762 0.0 2.6 4.6 44.1 37.6 9.1 184.2 148.1 86 78.4 900 0.0 52 116.5 30.5 0.0 0.0 4.0 3.1 54 73.6 480 0.8 34.9 3.5 23.9 31.6 5.4 79.3 43.4 99 92.1 12627 0.0 0 0.0 24.6 75.4 0.0 8.8 4.8 97 41.5 2060 1.6 29.6 13.4 40.2 7.8 5.7 224.1 140.0 100 89 4799 0.0 11.9 5.1 53.8 14.3 13.0 25.4 17.2 99 87.7 8173 0.0 0 0.0 26.9 73.1 0.0 2.8 1.8 100 36.2 8688 19.9 5.9 0.1 40.1 24.6 7.8 61.0 49.7 .. ­9.3 4315 24.6 3.9 1.9 24.7 14.0 34.1 20.7 28.8 32 221.2 146 0.0 33.7 0.5 17.8 46.6 1.4 25.0 12.8 85 76.4 1506 0.0 17.4 11.1 71.7 0.0 0.0 2.8 1.5 22 104.5 69 0.0 61.1 0.0 37.1 0.0 0.0 2.8 1.7 39 96 1419 0.0 23.2 0.0 36.6 0.0 32.5 2.0 1.3 .. ­24.6 2295 0.0 3.4 9.3 22.3 5.9 62.4 5.4 7.0 .. 9.3 3586 0.0 5.5 0.2 24.1 12.7 58.5 97.7 99.9 64 76.9 485 0.0 13.8 3.2 55.5 27.5 0.0 5.8 2.8 72 64.1 899 0.0 17.4 14.0 50.3 12.3 5.9 13.6 10.0 .. ­24.2 3322 0.0 4.9 0.0 31.5 60.3 0.1 28.6 42.3 99 181.4 2080 0.0 16.6 0.7 44.4 25.8 12.1 103.4 43.9 .. ­7.4 2123 0.0 0 0.0 29.4 71.3 0.0 17.3 19.6 .. 130.2 2053 0.0 5.5 5.5 33.4 27.6 28.1 94.0 52.9 99 87 5008 0.0 0.2 0.0 12.1 87.7 0.0 14.3 6.0 11 15 59 0.0 91 0.6 6.6 1.5 0.2 20.8 9.8 17 12.6 98 0.0 84.5 0.3 13.4 0.0 0.0 2.4 1.3 99 91.2 1221 0.0 13.3 0.1 47.2 39.4 0.0 8.7 5.1 87 178.8 2450 0.0 10.5 0.3 88.7 0.0 0.5 4.6 2.9 98 60.6 870 0.0 0.2 0.1 32.6 65.2 1.9 36.7 23.9 .. 59.2 5651 0.0 0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 1.7 1.5 97 134.9 2290 0.0 0.5 0.9 46.3 51.5 0.7 170.9 68.8 .. 16.6 6511 14.8 4 0.5 21.4 16.4 45.2 46.1 49.0 93 242.1 1309 0.0 18 1.5 70.4 3.5 6.4 7.8 4.1 .. ­7.3 5136 25.4 2.6 2.1 18.3 28.8 23.9 18.7 21.3 90 117.6 1466 0.0 0 1.8 71.2 27.0 0.0 18.9 11.7 .. ­12.9 2015 0.0 0.1 45.5 20.8 22.9 18.3 2.8 7.6 100 239.8 8063 17.9 1.1 0.2 43.2 13.3 24.3 216.5 93.4 22 ­36.1 797 0.0 4.8 5.0 3.3 0.0 86.9 21.7 33.2 20 ­8.2 155 0.0 57.5 2.7 35.2 1.6 0.0 1.2 0.8 6 ­19.9 96 0.0 92.4 3.9 3.1 0.0 1.5 17.5 11.9 98 100.2 1382 0.0 2.3 1.9 50.0 44.4 1.4 62.5 32.0 .. 25.3 3496 0.0 6 5.5 35.0 2.4 45.4 2.8 2.7 36 58.9 190 0.0 1.1 0.0 98.9 0.0 0.0 7.1 2.6 70 8.5 4810 2.4 10.5 0.3 12.4 2.9 71.7 129.8 91.2 .. ­42.1 1549 0.0 19.3 14.0 23.5 41.3 0.3 3.3 12.3 100 15.5 6864 0.0 12.9 2.6 39.4 21.7 26.2 20.9 17.9 .. ­17.9 2401 3.7 8.1 4.0 25.3 36.4 23.5 40.1 62.5 19 ­3.2 730 0.0 78.2 11.0 9.7 0.0 1.4 7.3 5.5 34 4.5 900 0.0 63.3 5.0 7.1 0.0 22.2 9.6 9.4 66 159.5 400 0.0 54.3 4.2 40.7 0.0 0.7 9.4 5.5 80 95.9 721 0.0 31.6 24.4 44.0 0.0 0.0 4.7 2.5 .. 39.9 7123 19.9 6.5 4.3 36.5 12.4 20.3 7.3 5.6 100 72.1 8363 0.0 0 0.0 79.0 20.9 0.0 30.7 13.4 33 52.3 150 0.0 39.6 0.7 55.7 0.3 3.4 3.0 1.8 30 91.5 95 0.0 77.5 0.7 21.8 0.0 0.0 17.7 10.7 ­ ­ 100 ­3.8 15230 34 18.4 10.5 28.5 1.7 4.7 51.3 47.6 100 11.7 8279 25.8 7.2 10.1 46.0 9.6 0.6 28.2 24.8 99 157.3 3207 0.0 15.9 9.9 38.3 21.9 13.3 29.8 14.1 .. 13.9 4026 0.0 4.7 5.5 27.5 11.7 51.0 17.1 19.5 99 299.1 2040 0.8 12.0 2.2 18.3 2.5 64.2 1878.7 863.2 .. ­33.0 2241 0.0 0.0 39.1 44.7 13.4 1.3 3.6 5.6 15 ­7.6 1161 0.0 0.1 0.1 90.5 8.9 0.0 32.0 19.1 96 107.3 4457 0.0 0.0 0.0 32.4 67.6 0.0 15.4 4.6 48 13.9 1083 0.0 56.4 4.5 33.4 5.8 0.0 1.8 1.2 49 ­1.1 304 0.0 63.3 5.1 31.7 0.0 0.0 9.5 5.3 79 136.8 529 0.0 51.6 4.0 39.7 0.0 4.8 8.2 4.5 100 26.9 7585 43.0 4.4 1.9 33.3 14.5 4.8 272.7 227.6 81 60.7 578 0.0 26.1 22.9 31.8 5.8 13.4 43.0 26.2 99 28.9 3175 0.0 0.9 11.0 50.6 37.6 0.1 62.2 43.9 100 37.6 17178 15.9 20.4 2.7 28.2 10.4 13.7 37.4 28.7 84 511.2 598 0.0 46.4 3.9 23.4 9.5 16.8 52.3 24.3 .. 78.9 5746 0.0 0.5 1.7 96.4 0.0 1.4 2.6 1.6 71 75.7 17188 0.0 0.0 0.0 17.8 82.2 0.0 18.1 6.5 .. ­27.3 4293 0.0 0.1 1.1 18.8 30.6 49.3 61.4 73.6 .. 21.5 3635 0.0 4.1 5.8 51.5 26.2 7.0 9.0 9.1 20 .. 88 0.0 71.3 0.1 28.4 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 47 ­3.1 186 0.0 79.2 4.5 16.3 0.0 0.0 7.1 5.0 100 3.8 16766 9.5 4.7 11.4 35.3 29.5 10.2 269.7 209.5 96 1.6 1231 0.0 11.9 0.1 79.5 8.3 0.2 10.6 16.8 99 65.7 1801 0.0 15.5 35.8 47.6 0.0 0.9 4.6 2.0 .. 21.3 182 0.0 63.8 1.8 16.9 18.8 0.0 7.3 4.4 86 11.6 923 0.0 14.9 12.2 45.0 20.3 8.2 30.2 24.7 100 101.2 16314 0.0 0.0 0 61.7 38.3 0.0 25.3 8.0 14 16.3 145 0.0 73.6 5.9 20.2 0.0 0.4 17.9 11.2 .. ­15.1 2876 0.0 25.9 5.1 31.9 30.5 1.8 4.6 7.9 100 354.9 2142 0.0 2.7 1.4 91.5 0.0 2.8 4.8 2.3 100 20.1 16402 0.0 1.3 0.4 63.3 26.2 2.3 4.7 3.5 97 130.1 3688 0.0 0.9 0.0 69.7 29.4 0.0 17.8 11.5 .. ­19.7 3232 27.0 8.8 0.4 30.3 28.7 3.1 8.5 16.2 .. 79.1 4975 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.8 98 187.5 3388 0.0 4.1 0.9 38.8 44.4 12.0 68.3 23.3 85 85.8 685 0.0 3.2 1.1 63.3 3.4 27.8 14.0 7.2 .. 50.3 1993 1.6 4.6 4.8 56.8 27.4 4.9 177.4 123.0 97 77.8 7079 0.0 0.0 0.0 63.3 36.7 0.0 146.1 61.3 100 15.6 6192 8.5 1.7 0.3 36.3 35.1 17.9 231.1 212.3 65 ­19.1 1297 0.0 3.8 0.0 24.0 0.0 71.7 2.8 3.4 6 1040.40 461 0.0 81.6 14.4 6.6 0.3 0.0 8.8 6.0 .. ­44.4 1516 0.0 2.2 0.2 19.4 66.7 2.5 3.4 9.9 11 104.5 93 0.0 72.1 2.0 12.7 12.4 0.8 14.3 10.7 34 .. 1545 0.0 12.7 8.8 65.4 0.0 1.9 1.5 .. 100 4 24295 0.0 5.1 39.6 34.0 18.2 2.7 26.1 21.4 100 32.5 8090 0.0 13.1 9.6 42.0 21.8 11.8 34.2 25.1 33 129.2 80 0.0 86.2 2.4 8.6 0.0 2.7 9.4 5.8 46 32.6 116 0.0 79.6 0.6 11.2 8.6 0.0 105.1 70.9 69 44.7 426 0.0 52.2 8.7 39.0 0.0 0.0 3.5 2.1 100 14.5 9746 0.0 6.0 24.0 39.4 18.7 11.9 17.5 13.8 36 ­36.2 37 0.0 75.8 0.9 23.3 0.0 0.0 2.6 1.6 56 82.3 503 0.9 28.3 1.9 24.1 5.5 39.4 565.8 319.9 62 72.2 642 0.0 41.5 5.1 50.6 0.0 2.7 4.3 2.4 .. 13.2 3883 12.8 4.3 0.4 27.6 41.5 11.1 27.6 28.6 100 35.2 7057 1.1 3.3 0.3 40.4 42.7 9.7 80.1 67.1 .. 40.8 5883 0.0 0.3 0.0 44.9 13.2 38.6 18.2 10.7 100 15.6 13515 9.2 3.4 1.6 40.4 21.6 23.7 2320.70 1926.3 100 26.7 8220 15.0 1.3 2.1 45.6 14.7 21.3 527.6 443.9 100 69 5372 0.0 3.3 2.5 57.3 8.8 27.0 31.1 22.2 .. 29.6 2750 6.3 9.8 2.8 35.7 21.0 26.6 11525.2 8637.3 .. 18.7 311 0.1 53.8 3.1 7.8 19.1 7.3 575.5 400.2 .. 58.2 1647 2.0 12.3 3.2 29.9 19.2 35.8 5348.7 3797.20 .. 27.5 9675 11.0 3.4 2.5 43.7 22.9 13.9 5659.1 4479.40 .. 25.5 7058 15.1 5.0 2.4 40.9 24.5 20.5 1542.8 1324.2 .. 24.4 8413 11.1 3.8 2.8 39.7 21.9 20.5 5537.4 4521.8 ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ 1.7 2.4 37653 6.9 147461 0 0.1 58 26 32 0 0.0 0.0 0 .. 424 2411 6.6 59 1361 51 10536 1.9 10.9 4989 0.8 229348 3158 1.1 355 0 13 0 0.0 0.0 26 7.5 26 0 0.2 0 9 1 0 1.6 12.1 25760 3.2 390461 262447 4.8 108 186 10 0 3.2 14.0 2237 3.3 40972 0 0.5 43 1 21 0 9.3 19.6 54716 9.3 62572 4216 0.3 206 121 182 35 0.3 5.3 1600 .. 263 0 2.2 18 69 7 2 6.3 9.3 7600 2.7 597289 21053 0.1 2 0 8 0 2.8 2.9 1046 10.5 120942 6500 1.3 1163 58 273 4 1.4 6.7 7491 1.2 157849 124289 1.4 384 993 102 1 15.6 40.3 386 200.2 14862 0 3.6 8 0 2 0 40.0 45.6 580 9.8 445576 0 9.1 8751 658 5673 0 1.6 21.0 121 .. 214 17 5.3 56 58 3 0 10.8 18.4 501 3.2 82789 53 0.1 5 0 15 0 0.0 0.0 0 18.7 43050 25411 2.4 62 92 22 0 0.5 1.8 2414 5.2 1916 7526 0.7 75 87 55 0 6.9 26.3 3219 .. 132709 11166 2.2 929 618 95 0 0.0 0.0 0 .. 30 2184 6 18 62 8 0 0.3 2.3 1424 .. 179 0 2 22 210 15 0 3.3 14.8 1148 7.8 8889 0 0.1 7 1 8 0 6.9 7.9 1022 26.1 68304 158 2.4 56 0 7 0 93.2 87.6 3542 9.8 67116 0 0.2 1 0 1 0 1.6 2.1 2440 3.5 202133 86842 4.8 101 974 102 0 0.0 0.0 0 3.2 122263 0 0.1 8 0 2 0 4.7 3.3 1288 36.4 71240 0 1.6 111 0 75 0 5.0 6.2 2413 1.2 391754 0 0.2 76 0 116 0 3.8 10.2 2495 .. 622156 0 1.4 314 0 49 0 0.0 0.0 0 22.8 8657 26 6.3 123 112 5 0 0.1 1.0 2798 0.7 50502 26316 1.1 22 460 34 0 1.9 40.6 314 .. 151 0 8.5 18 26 6 0 2.2 6.2 310 26.8 15259 5263 0.8 1 18 3 0 4.5 6.7 148 100.8 7412 0 3.5 3 0 1 0 8.4 23.6 403 248.4 13858 0 4.6 7 0 1 0 0.0 0.0 0 29.3 7308 67105 10.7 9 365 4 0 4.1 4.3 158 365 29731 0 1.9 2 0 2 0 8.3 11.8 1340 3.7 12049 0 3.1 282 165 45 0 7.5 31.5 531 13.6 1168 9863 11.3 18 199 6 0 0.1 0.6 853 1.1 14505 0 6 155 611 19 3947 0.0 0.0 0 10.7 1426 46 18.3 24 43 1 13 2.0 11.4 14500 2.9 4791624 522350 5.2 53460 9642 1304 93 0.0 0.0 0 15.7 12037 1500 2.9 19 100 39 0 1.0 3.7 539 4.5 882 3 8.1 94 329 7 0 6.5 6.4 121 205.1 23803 0 1.6 2 0 1 0 2.1 1.4 400 3.9 48434 632 0.2 24 5 73 1 1.3 7.7 4964 2.4 245471 280526 2.5 21 158 22 0 3.6 6.8 2800 3.3 84697 0 0.1 20 0 801 0 3.7 54.6 459 56.3 16692 763 5.7 12 16 1 0 7.4 4.5 2528 139.9 5395 0 4.4 6 0 3 0 7.7 17.7 36289 11 164362 1696 4.5 2743 172 743 0 10.6 17.6 1129 17.1 18078 789 4.8 26 8 8 0 7.4 23.9 443 9.2 8634 3632 5.8 251 172 30 0 20.2 55.1 3444 .. 157603 17082 3 1749 161 393 0 21.1 13.3 3735 .. 287436 4819 3.1 331 22 6 0 3.5 2.4 1290 2.4 19668 632 1 39 0 5 0 0.4 0.9 536 .. 588 39 9.7 56 960 23 5 1.6 13.7 225 2.8 4342 0 0.1 3 0 1 0 6.2 23.5 4675 0.9 28039 0 0.1 15 0 12 0 2.7 5.5 4828 14.8 55337 0 3.6 231 74 54 5 0.0 0.0 0 .. 837 0 12.3 50 518 16 13 0.0 0.0 0 145.3 2376 0 3.7 53 12 5 0 6.1 9.4 177 21.3 16352 4605 2.9 26 0 1 0 3.2 11.8 2470 9.9 22846 1316 13.8 328 455 65 2633 0.0 0.0 0 24.6 25804 263 2 87 121 137 0 0.0 0.0 0 .. 295 0 13.2 10 335 3 0 6.2 2.1 910 27.7 46256 474 1.4 53 15 105 0 5.1 9.2 1771 62.6 21707 0 2.8 131 55 225 0 2.5 6.3 7000 2.5 1055375 61608 7.2 22314 25294 2489 8 5.6 4.6 820 72.9 130421 447 2.9 109 19 621 0 2.6 8.1 19924 1 12104146 187763 0.1 672 0 272 0 EM-DAT a­ a­ a­ a­ ­ ­ 11.0 ­7.7 5.5 8.8 29.5 2.2 326.1 3.7 121.8 0.5 ­31.3 5.0 2.4 3.1 1.4 .. 2.5 13.1 ­13.8 ­11.1 3.5 0.7 5.9 1.2 16.7 .. 28.5 ­1.3 ­8.9 0.9 ­11.9 15.2 1.6 384.2 20.3 13.7 ­16.4 ­26.6 2.1 ­1.4 10.9 1.5 478.8 5.0 49.4 9.5 ­2.9 5.0 2.4 14.8 1.5 191.1 4.0 11.9 ­17.7 ­17.9 2.5 1.8 0.4 1.2 2,854.9 12.4 23.0 ­2.8 ­12.1 3.4 ­0.1 21.5 1.7 2.4 84.9 4.7 ­5.0 ­16.8 6.6 3.4 1.7 1.3 115.7 0.1 5.4 ­7.4 ­5.2 4.0 ­0.7 28.5 1.7 76.9 6.6 32.5 ­2.7 ­7.4 4.6 ­7.0 12.3 1.5 757.4 25.8 7.7 ­32.9 ­30.4 3.5 ­3.0 19.8 1.8 214.2 82.0 21.3 ­16.1 ­16.9 3.0 ­2.0 13.5 1.5 598 4.4 59.0 ­7.0 .. 3.0 ­4.3 27.2 1.7 18.2 16.6 3.2 8.9 ­21.7 5.4 1.4 8.7 1.4 1,522.60 56.1 8.0 ­4.4 ­24.3 0.0 0.3 5.7 1.4 0.9 0.5 4.8 16.7 ­4.7 4.4 1.8 21.6 1.7 15.0 .. 12.1 ­13.7 .. 2.5 ­0.9 16.4 1.6 2.0 4.1 3.1 0.6 ­30.6 3.3 1.2 5.0 1.5 271.8 27.8 3.7 29.6 .. 4.9 2.7 28.8 1.7 1.8 2.0 5.5 ­15.9 ­26.2 2.2 2.7 8.1 1.2 2,432.8 28.2 14.2 ­1.0 ­16.2 1.0 ­10.2 24.3 1.7 64.6 20.0 23.8 ­2.0 ­24.2 6.0 4.4 2.3 1.3 0.1 1.8 9.2 ­14.0 .. ­0.5 ­2.0 1.5 1.3 12 0.3 2.5 ­6.7 ­36.0 7.2 ­4.9 22.2 1.9 0.9 6.9 7.5 ­7.3 ­28.9 4.2 ­15.6 19.9 1.8 451.1 47.0 16.5 14.3 .. 4.6 0.3 20.3 1.7 49.5 0.7 3.0 ­4.5 ­27.0 3.7 ­13.6 23.4 1.7 24.8 24.3 4.9 ­0.7 ­7.3 7.0 6.0 10 1.7 32.6 50.3 2.8 ­7.0 ­14.7 3.1 0.8 2.0 1.4 7.4 0.1 6.7 ­27.9 11.3 ­1.6 ­7.0 14.7 1.6 1,192.6 100 3.0 ­5.2 ­33.4 1.4 ­4.5 9.5 1.5 33.3 9.5 14.8 16.1 .. 5.8 5.0 11.0 1.4 11.4 9.0 2.2 ­8.1 ­6.6 5.3 ­4.2 28.9 1.7 22.5 5.8 9.3 1.3 ­39.6 3.9 0.6 8.1 1.5 8.7 2.9 5.3 ­10.6 ­37.9 4.8 ­3.7 12.3 1.5 5.1 5.2 3.2 ­19.3 ­51.9 3.1 ­1.9 6.0 1.6 0.2 4.8 2.6 ­7.0 ­56.1 ­0.1 ­0.6 9.5 1.6 3.8 10.2 19.4 19.8 .. 5.3 5.1 22.0 1.8 21.4 4.3 2.7 47.7 ­24.4 1.2 ­3.5 4.9 1.2 5,314.5 81.0 2.0 8.4 ­7.2 5.4 4.5 16.1 1.7 44,935.2 35.6 143.3 ­18.5 ­41.4 6.1 ­13.3 22.3 1.8 35.8 58.6 5.8 ­10.1 ­14.0 0.8 ­1.0 1.3 1.3 2.5 0.5 4.2 ­2.6 ­6.7 3.2 ­3.5 12.3 1.5 757.2 13.3 18.5 ­14.3 ­23.4 1.7 2.1 1.3 1.2 1,371.40 14.5 5.7 ­9.8 ­31.9 1.1 ­6.4 10.3 1.6 65.8 16.9 2.7 15.7 .. 4.4 5.6 29.6 2.1 63.8 2.9 2.2 ­11.4 ­15.1 1.7 3.6 7.3 1.2 4,544.8 33.7 6.6 7.7 11.4 5.0 5.6 28.5 1.8 0.9 15.7 22.4 ­6.6 ­20.0 3.0 0.9 2.0 1.3 0.8 0.4 6.0 ­19.3 ­27.1 1.7 3.3 4.0 1.2 7.6 7.0 3.7 19.5 ­2.2 4.9 8.5 28.2 2.1 788.2 1.5 45.7 ­12.9 ­14.3 ­0.2 ­0.3 1.9 1.3 2.2 1.1 3.5 ­18.1 ­39.3 ­0.9 ­12.0 2.0 1.1 35.0 19.5 3.7 ­3.3 ­23.2 2.4 1.2 4.0 1.4 277.2 24.0 2.0 6.1 ­5.5 8.0 7.5 2.5 1.2 6.3 1.8 5.3 ­9.6 ­35.6 3.8 8.4 16.1 1.7 0.6 4.9 4.8 ­0.5 ­26.2 1.1 ­4.1 2.1 1.2 47.5 30.6 3.0 ­25.2 ­39.0 5.3 ­16.8 21.1 2.1 6.9 15.4 8.5 ­0.5 ­35.4 1.6 ­7.2 16.8 1.6 535.5 22.8 25.0 ­3.0 ­31.3 2.4 ­0.1 7.5 1.4 3.6 2.2 2.6 ­28.3 ­21.9 1.8 ­10.5 13.9 1.8 186.4 42.7 3.5 3.2 ­3.9 3.7 2.5 5.1 1.1 927.9 3.0 5.7 ­10.4 ­21.7 1.4 ­2.7 5.9 1.3 4.6 2.6 4.4 ­15.4 ­39.3 3.7 1.9 8.6 1.3 1,862.4 17.0 10.1 ­10.6 ­17.3 4.9 3.6 21.8 1.7 43.7 47.1 2.4 ­1.7 ­34.1 2.5 5.6 16.1 1.6 0.9 0.5 14.5 ­9.9 ­18.5 1.1 0.6 4.1 1.3 24.8 0.8 32.0 ­12.2 ­38.1 2.7 1.9 10.8 1.6 4,383.5 32.9 159.7 ­10.8 .. 6.5 ­1.3 25.0 1.9 4.6 3.1 4.6 ­1.7 ­5.9 4.0 2.7 24.4 1.8 944.6 12.5 174.4 0.6 ­5.7 3.8 0.5 4.0 1.4 4,279.9 35.1 4.4 ­3.5 ­7.8 1.8 ­10.9 16.0 1.7 533.3 37.9 2.6 11,777 292 1,228 1,317 1,262 1,342 17,217 5,900 15,593 38,709 0 63 16 167 353 197 796 992 177 1,965 3,253 105 219 350 3,632 2,754 10,312 109,809 19,111 139,232 50 81 105 360 2,806 971 4,374 217,300 39,531 261,205 11,491 748 551 1,421 4,365 5,590 24,167 288,686 58,179 371,031 5,205 335 193 1,057 5,263 1,065 13,117 17,788 2,841 33,745 269 263 39 1,113 1,176 1,586 4,445 423,323 68,678 496,447 1,549 346 115 167 1,245 50 3,472 8,015 2,382 13,869 361 0 51 543 2,639 1,083 4,678 316,045 51,943 372,666 265 7 4 94 549 448 1,368 5,529 975 7,871 1,708 609 724 402 1,998 1,311 6,752 70,528 9,643 86,922 41 438 107 385 1,724 934 3,629 172,837 31,011 207,477 20 254 20 0 575 2,161 3,030 388,123 60,561 451,714 244 126 102 217 1,650 1,108 3,448 16,505 5,303 25,256 83 4 2 9 810 52 961 4,221 817 6,000 0 239 142 100 547 191 1,219 3,047 821 5,087 934 100 1,426 232 1,550 541 4,783 11,248 2,110 18,141 934 153 570 98 1,480 341 3,575 29,908 5,562 39,046 469 92 55 855 2,370 96 3,936 24,294 7,624 35,854 190 64 34 86 2,270 861 3,504 35,774 8,580 47,859 0 311 366 80 787 316 1,861 2,307 289 4,458 1,610 27 12 8 1,546 736 3,939 26,328 6,270 36,537 11,670 68 16 161 859 426 13,200 ­3,418 8,709 18,491 11,370 0 26 109 1,989 611 14,105 6,581 3,336 24,023 286 27 37 461 1,980 386 3,176 24,511 5,723 33,410 6,734 0 6 0 1,255 730 8,725 ­1,598 3,292 10,419 33 0 30 441 1,241 275 2,020 107,864 31,399 141,282 1,544 0 0 0 1,705 0 3,249 14,734 3,897 21,879 1,118 310 46 51 1,238 637 3,400 48,959 7,270 59,629 2 81 9 27 1,849 98 2,066 3,055 549 5,670 1,222 290 65 175 1,602 1,154 4,508 16,110 8,495 29,113 134 276 716 78 477 98 1,779 4,091 694 6,564 301 211 341 70 350 258 1,531 6,704 1,377 9,612 0 58 24 166 485 84 817 11,204 2,710 14,731 4 238 147 78 608 196 1,272 7,920 975 10,167 263 2,434 908 1,549 1,120 1,676 7,950 447,143 58,331 513,424 5,188 986 231 1,095 2,443 1,001 10,944 56,094 10,688 77,726 511 106 29 27 1,404 146 2,223 4,208 2,956 9,387 65 290 76 7 855 43 1,336 8,343 686 10,365 301 517 57 181 1,697 218 2,971 24,411 3,098 30,480 87 307 77 1,026 2,747 2,091 6,335 403,874 57,814 468,024 30 90 17 59 1,308 45 1,549 15,129 2,673 19,351 23,302 0 464 1,793 1,086 581 27,227 4,342 13,627 45,196 914 348 357 187 2,748 179 4,733 4,271 1,749 10,753 18,566 4,724 1,264 5,756 2,829 1,631 34,771 235,982 54,226 324,979 2 367 102 11 2,568 72 3,121 10,125 997 14,243 3,006 134 266 253 1,911 978 6,547 33,241 4,872 44,660 1 235 129 113 361 529 1,368 4,374 868 6,609 0 121 276 44 1,420 295 2,157 2,463 621 5,241 6,922 438 188 161 1,369 24 9,103 24,520 13,065 46,687 0 174 171 36 955 345 1,681 2,944 395 5,020 106 22 24 7 993 453 1,604 17,926 3,435 22,965 6,075 199 128 176 1,195 721 8,493 34,420 18,959 61,872 0 184 56 26 474 45 785 3,873 542 5,200 485 829 144 2,410 1,298 2,008 7,174 412,789 73,118 493,080 4,739 44 14 495 583 1,291 7,167 346,347 55,239 408,753 0 340 392 9 261 57 1,059 2,695 478 4,232 0 233 38 81 767 111 1,229 1,964 609 3,802 1 9 28 152 1,598 187 1,975 1,434 286 3,695 2,639 270 24 6 1,022 78 4,040 ­1,959 667 2,748 0 8 3 3 668 112 793 6,840 601 8,235 201 59 14 122 1,340 192 1,928 3,738 1,154 6,820 536 152 42 366 2,721 1,131 4,947 56,645 15,480 77,072 2,053 27 7 527 1,035 3,090 6,739 352,222 62,428 421,389 7,106 1,341 238 1,651 2,752 1,665 14,752 418,009 79,851 512,612 28 38 56 364 710 316 1,513 341,470 150,258 493,241 318 82 101 57 3,424 573 4,554 203,445 28,973 236,972 1,302 252 104 322 1,496 536 4,011 74,998 16,850 95,860 325 109 48 111 1,143 189 1,925 4,434 1,174 7,532 1,089 169 120 129 1,583 407 3,426 18,773 5,347 27,616 3,825 747 183 1,215 2,008 1,552 9,531 353,339 76,193 439,063 ­ ­ ­ ­ 4.1 3.9 5.4 0.4 3,227 1.1 5.0 5.2 8.2 4.5 2,528 1.1 6.0 6.1 8.2 60.3 .. 4.5 6.0 6.2 8.9 76.4 3,359 2.5 4.5 4.2 5.8 .. .. 1.0 5.5 5.5 8.9 15.0 2,797 1.3 6.6 6.7 8.9 .. 7,287 2.8 4.6 4.7 7.9 12.3 1,407 1.1 5.4 5.7 7.5 .. 2,007 .. 5.5 6.1 8.7 34.4 3,188 1.9 4.7 4.4 7.4 .. 1,627 0.1 5.5 5.8 8.3 .. 2,478 0.9 5.4 5.4 4.7 .. 1,450 1.0 5.4 5.1 7.8 .. 2,371 1.4 5.4 5.1 7.3 .. 2,027 0.5 5.8 5.8 7.7 58.4 3,756 3.0 3.4 3.6 5.3 .. 547 0.2 5.5 5.4 5.6 0.6 361 0.9 6.2 6.5 9.6 42.2 5,202 2.5 4.9 5.1 8.3 .. 2,627 1.5 6.0 6.2 8.2 24.3 5,497 2.4 6.2 6.6 9.5 81.0 6,095 3.9 6.2 6.4 9.2 107.6 .. .. 5.1 4.2 4.4 0.3 .. 1.3 5.6 6.2 8.5 39.4 3,353 2.1 6.1 6.6 9.4 53.0 7,545 3.5 5.6 6.2 9.2 24.0 .. 2.0 5.5 5.4 6 .. 74 .. 5.5 5.7 8.7 50.5 4,877 1.6 5.0 5.0 7.7 .. 2,230 0.8 5.6 6.2 9.1 27.4 2,995 1.8 6.1 6.4 9.3 25.6 4,668 1.5 6.2 6.2 8.9 39.7 3,473 2.4 5.5 .. 8.9 15.3 4,207 1.2 5.5 5.2 3.1 0.1 .. .. 4.7 4.7 7.9 4.1 1,574 0.9 5.5 6.2 9.3 66.9 2,477 1.7 6.3 6.5 9.1 53.1 4,651 2.6 6.3 6.2 8.6 117.2 5,512 3.3 4.4 4.7 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0.9 49 .. 83 78 0.7 58500 279 87070 415.3 19 16 0.8 5 .. 83 77 1.5 37680 314.5 46260 386.0 15 101 0.5 8 57 64 63 3.6 1120 32.1 400 11.5 37 200 2.0 29 29 56 58 6 680 10 330 4.8 50 12 3.5 15 72 47 46 3 1940 293.1 1160 175.6 43 166 2.4 151 78 76 70 2.2 2620 14.9 1080 6.1 36 47 1.3 6 .. 82 78 ­2.5 25090 107.1 27940 119.3 21 16 1.3 4 .. 63 59 ­0.5 1180 11.5 660 6.5 37 355 1.6 10 66 66 63 5.7 2960 3374.90 1070 1215.5 32 383 1.4 1140 84 74 67 2.2 3870d 28.0 1800 13.0 38 65 1.9 7 99 77 69 0.8 17790 178.6 12810 128.6 15 112 ­0.2 10 .. 82 78 1.7 41670 685.1 50150 824.6 18 485 0.4 16 .. 85 79 1.6 43960 306.8 31420 219.3 13 6696 0.6 7 .. 81 75 0.2 46970 14282.70 47580 14466.1 20 33 0.9 304 .. 86 79 ­0.7 35220 4497.70 38210 4879.2 13 350 0.1 128 97 82 77 2.5 28470 320 28650 322 14 87 0.4 11 84 71 67 0.8 10357 69309.0 8613 57637.5 27 52 1.2 6692 64 60 57 4.1 1407 1368.80 524 509.6 38 52 2.1 973 83 71 67 5 6154 28619.50 3260 15159.6 27 60 1.1 4651 81 70 66 6.3 4592 17001.70 2078 7691.9 28 119 1.2 3702 93 75 68 3.8 12297 11663.50 7878 7471.9 25 21 0.8 948 81 69 65 4.9 5330 29971.30 2789 15683.1 29 59 1.3 5624 93 74 70 7.2 5398 10425.90 2631 5080.5 23 122 0.8 1931 98 74 65 5.2 12219 5393.20 7418 3274.0 19 19 0.1 441 91 76 70 3.2 10309 5827.40 6780 3833.0 29 28 1.2 565 73 72 68 3.9 7308 2330.60 3242 1052.9 31 38 1.9 325 63 66 63 5.3 2734 4217.60 986 1521.6 33 323 1.6 1543 62 53 51 2.5 1991 1628.30 1082 885.3 43 35 2.5 818 99 82 77 0 37141 39686.30 39345 42041.4 18 32 0.7 1069 <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 2005 3.7 0.5> 2.0> 2002 19.6 2002 31.4 1998 77.5 9.6 39 2005 86.4 16.2 55.6 2000­1999 44.2 2000­1999 45.5 96­1995 <2.0 0.5> 2> 2005 27.1 1.1 6.3 2001 49.6 2001 68.1 1995 11.3 1 4.5 2005 19.7 2.9 9.9 2002 53.0 2002 28.8 1998 3.5 0.5> 2.0> 2006 11 0.5> 2.0> 03­2002 14.2 2002 21.3 1997 43.4 1.9 10.6 2003 46.7 3.1 15 2002 50.9 2001 55.1 99­1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 53 94­1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 42 2007 12.8 1.2 4.7 2007 20.4 3.2 9.8 2005 45.2 2001 46 1998 7.8 0.5> 2.0> 2005 8.7 0.5> 2.0> 2002 18.5 2005 25.4 2002 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 2005 17.6 1996 70.2 29.9 54.3 2000 .. .. .. .. .. 4.2 0.5> 2.0> 2006 4.5 0.5> 2.0> 2005 24.7 1998 20.2 1994 76.7 15 46.3 2003 75.6 12.4 42.3 2002 27.2 2003 31.5 01­2000 75.6 19.1 51.5 2005 79.8 22.7 57.4 2002 37.7 03­2002 33.8 2000­1999 <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 2005 3.4 0.5> 2.0> 2002 19.5 2003 31.5 2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 57.4 12.3 35.8 1996 .. .. .. .. 37.5 1996 14.2 2.7 6.5 2007 18.4 3.4 9.3 2005 .. 20.5i 1990 60.3 4.4 22.6 05­2004 73.9 7.9 35.9 02­2001 32.6 99­1998 28.6 1993 12.7 1.3 5.2 2007 18.3 1.6 7.8 2005 21.5 03­2002 22 1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 2003 7.8 0.5> 2.6 2001 12.8 2001 36 1997 81.3 13.1 49.6 2005 85.4d 17.3d 57.8 2000 40 2005 48.9 2000 17.8 3.1 9.5 2006 18 2.7 9.2 2004 .. 37.3 1997 75.3 15.7 47.3 2003 .. .. .. 39 2003 29 1999 81.2 20.3 56.5 2003 87.6 30.2 70 1998 46.4 2003 54.6 1998 93.4 36.4 81.3 2006 95.4 47.3 86.4 1998 .. 68 1998 <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 2004 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 2001 .. 19.5 02­2001 <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 2005 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 2002 14.8 2001 14.6 1996 30.3 9.7 19.6 2005 34.2 12.4 22.8 2002 64.6 2002 62 1999 18.5 1.9 7.9 2006 19.4 2 8.2 2005 53.1 2004 54.3 2001 <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 2005 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 2002 17.4 2004 30.5 2002 11.5 0.5> 2.0> 2004 15.1 0.5> 2.0> 2002 13.6 1998 9.8 1994 49.6 7 24.8 1998 85.7 25.8 63.5 1993 .. .. 9.0 0.9 2.7 2005 9.6 0.5> 2 2002 27 2002 28.3 1994 83.3 25.6 61.9 03­2002 .. .. .. .. 43.4 96­1995 96.6 46.8 88.5 01­2000 91.3 29.7 72.6 92­1991 35.7 01­2000 38.6 1991 69.3 11.4 38.7 2006 .. .. .. .. 32.3 89­1987 12.8 0.5> 2.6 2000 20.4 1.3 6.5 1995 7.6 1995 7.4 1990 23.6 1.4 6.8 1995 23.8 1.8 6.6 1988 22.6 1995 12.2 1988 81.9 28.3 62.4 2003 90.7 57 82.8 1993 .. .. 8.0 0.5> 2.0> 2005 8.3 0.5> 2.0> 1998 .. .. <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 1996 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 1993 .. .. 15.1 0.9 5 2005 16.3 1.5 6.1 2003 42.2 2004 27.7 2000 10.2 1.2 3.5 2006 31.7 8.8 18.4 2003 52 99­1997 31.3 1989 <2.0 0.5> 2.0> 1996 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 1992 .. 16.8 2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 51.9 4.4 21.8 2004 66.6 8.8 34 2002 43.1 2005 49.9 2003 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 74.4 22.8 54.1 2005 .. .. .. .. 42.3 2005 79.5 25.3 59.2 06­2005 .. .. .. .. 71.3 05­2004 76.8 12.1 44.0 03­2002 79.9 14.9 49.3 98­1997 33 03­2002 38.6 98­1997 18.4 0.5> 2.0> 05­2004 19.3 0.5> 2.0> 2000­1999 16.7 2000­1999 22.9 96­1995 46.6 4.2 17.5 2005 36.3 3 12.9 1998 .. 41.8 1998 42.9 8.2 26.2 2000 39.9 5.2 21.4 1995 .. .. 30.4 4.4 13.4 2005 34.2 4.7 15.1 2002 54.5 2003 52.1 2002 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 90.3 38.2 76.6 2000 88.4 19.7 63.3 85­1984 60.3 2000­1999 51.2 1993 3.4 0.5> 2.0> 2005 13 0.8 2.9 2002 28.9 2002 25.4 1995 81.5 32.8 64.3 05­2004 85.1 27.1 64.6 03­2002 68 2004 72.9 1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. 34.9 96­1995 25.8 91­1990 20.5 4.8 11 2005 25.3 6.7 14.3 2003 37.2 2002 50.6 1995 39.7 2.6 14 2002 46.7 3 16.3 96­1995 22.7 2002 25 96­1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 60.3 10.8 33.5 2005 71.3 14.3 44.2 2001 .. 33.4 1992 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 76.1 20.3 53.4 03­2002 75 44.8 62.8 90­1989 70.2 04­2003 82.8 1989 2.4 0.5> 2.0> 2006 5.3 0.5> 2.0> 2003 17 1998 19.9 1996 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 36.3 4.0 15.9 2005 51.1 8.7 28.4 2002 2.8 2004 4.6 1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 50.8 5.1 21.5 2004 68.8 10.3 36.3 2003 44.4 2003 74.9 1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 53.6 10.5 30 2006 63.3 14.4 39.1 99­1998 28.5 06­2005 39.5 99­1998 24.3 3.5 11.7 2006 29.8 6.5 16.9 2002 56.2 2000 57.9 1989 87.2 32.2 70.1 03­2002 63.8 11.5 36.8 1994 .. 40 1994 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45.0 5.5 22.6 2006 43.8 5.5 22 2003 25.1 1997 32.1 1994 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 48.4 4.6 21.5 2006 52.5 5.1 24.2 2004 28.9 2002 37.4 1998 17.2 0.5> 3.1 2003 21.5 0.9 5.2 2002 15.4 2002 17.6 2001 57.7 10.2 32.8 2001 74.4 18.9 51.5 1996 40.2 2001 53.3 1996 0.2> 0.5> 2.0> 2005 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 2001 11.1 2004 11.2 2002 68.2 11.3 40.2 2004 77.8 13.8 48.6 94­1993 35 2004 47 1994 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 46.8 6.8 23.3 2002 49.1 6.7 24.1 1998 .. .. 8.6 0.5> 2.4 2005 11.5 2.4 5.6 2003 23.9 2004 31.7 1989 27.9 5.7 16 2006 26.3 6.1 15.4 2003 64 1999 60 1995 39.9 6.1 19.7 06­2005 42.7 4.6 19.6 1997 52 1997 40 1994 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 94.8 40.8 83.7 2007 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.2> 0.5> 2.0> 2004 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 2002 .. .. 77.1 18.8 51.4 2006 82 25.8 61.2 2001 .. 63.8 1998 7.8 0.5> 2.0> 05­2004 6.8 0.5> 2.0> 1997 .. 15.5 1989 89.6 26.5 67.8 2005 88.7 41.4 76.3 2001 71.3 1999 73.3 1997 14.0 0.5 2.5 2007 24.3 0.9 6.3 2000 19 99­1998 13.1 91­1990 4.8 0.5> 2.0> 2006 7 1.4 2.8 2004 17.6 2004 20.3 2002 90.4 32.3 73.9 05­2004 93.5 46 83.1 98­1997 65.3 98­1997 54 91­1990 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 44.1 5.7 21.2 2000 48.3 7.1 23.4 96­1995 46.3 2000 50 1996 90 35.4 74.7 03­2002 92.9 42 81.3 97­1996 54.1 03­2002 69.4 97­1996 28.9 1.7 8.1 2004 40.3 4 17.1 2002 48.5 2002 62.4 2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 77.6 19.7 55.1 04­2003 88.1 26.7 68.4 96­1995 30.9 04­2003 41.8 96­1995 85.6 28.1 65.9 2005 91.5 38.6 78.2 1994 .. 63 93­1989 83.9 29.6 64.4 04­2003 86.4 32.1 68.5 97­1996 34.1 93­1992 43 1985 31.8 5.2 15.8 2005 37.5 6.7 19.4 2001 45.8 2001 47.9 1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 72.1 28.2 54.9 2001 .. .. .. 66.0 1995 65 1987 75.6 10.8 41.6 05­2004 81.7 14.4 49.4 94­1993 28.6 2000­1999 36 94­1993 29.7 8.2 18.2 2006 34.8 10.2 22.2 2005 50.7 2004 52.5 99­1998 0.2> 0.5> 2.0> 2004 2.0> 0.5> 2.0> 2002 17.3 1997 14.5 1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.5 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 21.1 87 10.5 110 1.1 28 15 98 93 .. 6 6.4 0.4 11 0.1 378 2.1 720 119 83 46 34.6 52 9.3 10.8 80 4.4 77 0.2 82 39 97 113 14 53 13.3 28.1 91 3.9 31 0.5 77 16 104 99 2.3 20 3.4 25.4 85 3.8 7 .. 62 24 102 102 3.6 .. 7.2 5.6 91 1.4 72 0.1 76 24 104 98 4.2 .. 8.6 3 5 0.2 95 1.3 450 70 78 46 34.5 .. .. 57.4 100 7.9 30 0.5 4 4 103 99 .. 12 7.0 55.7 100 18.1 6 0.2 4 6 97 .. .. 9 5.9 27.9 .. 9.2 8 0.1 4 5 101 102 .. 7 5.7 1.9 30 .. 168 .. 1,800 257 58 38 32.9 .. .. 9.7 84 2.2 101 0.3 210 22 100 106 6.2 34 3.4 15.1 97 1.1 17 .. 92 15 97 96 17 .. 7.8 76.1 100 9.5 6 0.1 4 4 99 103 .. .. 8.5 86.1 97 30.1 16 .. 37 8 101 105 .. .. .. 11.1 52 1.9 228 0.2 420 31 98 105 24.4 63 7.1 3.1 50 0.5 287 2.1 1,400 158 .. .. 27.5 .. 2.0 40.2 100 1.7 22 0.6 20 14 98 104 6 25 4.5 8.8 96 4.3 113 0.1 24 41 98 97 4.4 .. 7.1 7.9 33 0.1 330 5.4 550 130 98 54 19 .. 6.1 22.4 93 6.9 102 1.6 18 24 100 101 4.1 .. 9.0 63.5 .. 10.2 13 0.2 1 4 103 97 .. 11 7.4 48.6 .. 7.7 7 0.4 3 4 99 102 .. 22 6.5 1.8 45 0.7 250 1.5 470 65 .. .. .. .. 4.5 8.7 70 0.7 58 0.6 150 29 99 95 .. 47 3.4 11.1 58 0.9 181 0.1 320 90 80 63 31.3 62 9.1 35.5 77 1.7 48 0.6 110 22 103 106 2.2 27 3.0 41.9 99 5.9 30 0.5 11 4 101 104 .. 18 5.8 65.9 .. 9.8 12 0.2 8 5 98 86 .. 10 8.5 30.9 99 5.7 39 .. 11 12 97 98 1.6 8 8.7 0.3 36 0.3 223 .. 570 61 107 56 39.2 85 9.4 22.9 74 1.8 47 1 130 23 101 99 .. 28 2.5 1.8 30 0.3 91 1.2 840 123 73 64 21.5 .. 6.9 0.9 13 0.1 226 1.6 700 191 84 37 35.2 .. 7.0 0.8 41 0 367 2 1,100 180 90 39 38.9 .. 9.0 34.7 95 6.9 51 0.1> 3 14 99 .. 1.6 .. 6.9 44 .. 7.9 25 0.1 8 7 99 96 .. 19 7.3 10.5 43 1 155 0.2 290 57 99 98 5.9 .. 1.8 24.7 72 1.3 126 0.5 240 20 102 104 5.2 40 3.9 29 93 6.5 61 0.2 18 13 101 92 1.3 .. 8.8 20 96 4.1 142 1.4 110 7 104 101 7 53 6.1 1.4 .. 8.6 68 0.1> 130 50 .. .. .. .. 6.0 33.1 88 3.5 30 .. 44 23 90 97 3.5 36 5.2 1.2 9 0 299 3.5 1,500 209 64 30 33.9 .. 6.3 1.2 33 0.1 297 6.2 950 116 .. 112 16.7 88 7.3 5.4 12 0.2 429 3.3 510 100 75 57 .. .. 7.6 27.1 85 2.2 26 0.1 100 21 104 100 .. .. 5.9 10.3 94 4.2 57 0.1 180 37 99 95 10.2 .. 6.9 0.4 31 0.1 345 6.3 980 172 .. 30 21.8 .. 5.2 32 .. 6.5 22 0.2 140 33 105 105 .. 43 6.4 48.3 99 11.7 9 .. 4 4 101 93 2.1 12 10.2 26 79 2 69 1.1 150 38 103 91 4.2 43 4.0 51.3 100 6.8 17 0.1> 6 8 100 94 .. 10 8.8 25.6 .. 5.6 34 .. 57 19 102 95 .. 30 4.9 16.8 92 3.6 24 .. 130 17 96 114 .. .. .. 14.3 93 1.1 121 0.1 150 38 100 95 2.7 47 8.1 77.1 .. 9.4 90 0.1> 14 5 96 102 .. 25 7.9 4.3 20 0.6 403 3.5 740 125 91 72 11.8 .. 5.0 0.5 31 0 392 .. 1,100 161 73 51 33.6 .. 5.5 1.6 48 0.2 151 0.2 660 70 86 77 36.4 .. 8.5 15.4 66 2.2 21 .. 130 36 95 98 5.4 25 9.0 1.4 46 1 76 .. 430 73 66 60 .. .. 7.2 8.6 59 8.7 948 18.1 400 59 100 84 .. 3 3.1 8.2 93 1.1 84 0.1 66 30 98 92 .. 62 5.4 84.2 100 8.5 8 0.2 3 4 102 101 .. .. 8.3 3.1 23 0.1 397 2.8 1,300 181 100 35 18 .. 5.3 23.9 72 4.1 115 0.1 24 15 99 120 3.5 32 8.2 5.5 52 0.2 506 15.2 830 170 96 88 23.3 .. 3.6 11.4 46 0.9 782 15.3 880 90 97 .. 14 .. 4.6 12.5 86 1.1 40 0.8 170 24 101 91 6.1 36 3.3 5.7 86 0.6 60 .. 58 21 .. 104 22.8 41 6.8 67.7 100 13.2 27 0.2 14 3 .. .. 3.3 10 5.0 8.4 28 0.4 272 1 980 114 94 50 14.5 .. 6.2 9.2 35 0.3 243 1.4 450 109 88 50 38.4 .. .. 79.7 100 5.4 6 0.1 3 3 99 95 .. .. 9.1 75.2 100 5.5 6 0.6 5 5 97 88 .. 10 7.6 0.3 11 0.2 574 1.7 2,100 262 86 81 28.3 .. 6.1 32.6 94 4.1 12 0.3 16 9 99 95 0.6 25 4.1 32.1 92 6.5 32 0.1 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328,385 4.2 45­ 19 18 108 64 32 4 1,360 1,892 6.7 20,013 4.6 25­ 38 12 75 37 45 18 3,692 1,476 12.4 11,917 18 28­ 11 31 86 56 19 24 71 .. 1.3 1,654 3.9 7­ 31 18 57 67.00 30 3.00 18,619 9,511 3.3 1,604,174 3.8 2­ 29 18 55 .. .. .. 29,908 20,839 3.3 1,015,217 1.1 2­ 19 25 58 .. .. .. .. .. 3.5 199,498 7.1 39­ 31 11 98 38 25 37 .. .. .. 10,170 9.5 3­ 24 12 67 57 36 7 1,676 1,686 5 52,572 3.5 27­ 32 10 85 59 20 21 1,449 778 5.4 12,295 1.1 7 18 18 57 69.00 30 1.00 25,657 13,724 1.2 3,652,824 7.7 24 21 10 45 39 59 2 25,841 10,454 7.7 163,296 10.9 1 28 8 63 37 48 14 583 484 5.2 514,389 48.1 50 12 .. 37 4 86 10 174 165 13.7 83,383 8.2 4­ 23 12 69 63 27 11 8,797 6,304 3.8 32,186 25.5 10 19 16 55 43 33 23 1,800 1,272 6.6 27,918 5.1 18­ 24 12 82 52 26 23 175 155 7.5 14,529 15.7 6­ 25 17 64 55 37 8 1,702 1,195 7.2 180,355 2.9 11 27 16 46 63 35 2 17,107 .. 5 281,776 2.6 0 21 20 59 71.00 27 2.00 23,967 11,528 0.9 2,293,008 7.3 27 19 10 44 19 48 33 595 500 2.8 8,168 10.5 3 20 9 69 57 20 23 2,052 1,596 3.7 15,977 7.3 10­ 22 9 80 53 27 20 696 594 5.8 168,276 8.1 0 19 20 61 65.00 28 7.00 3,119 1,507 3.6 1,612,539 2.9 7­ 22 20 65 73 24 3 6,220 4,642 0.9 242,689 2 3 22 22 52 75 24 1 39,243 .. 2 497,586 5.6 23­ 37 16 70 61 31 7 7,159 2,500 5.8 49,900 4.8 8­ 24 5 79 52 29 19 338 254 5.9 78,992 2.2 1 23 11 65 76 17 6 3,904 2,363 6.6 23,088 3.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 519 326 3.9 6,680 2.4 15­ 18 22 75 44 22 33 173 110 5.6 7,948 9.6 36­ 16 29 91 .. .. .. 70 108 2.9 1,163 3.8 30­ 23 22 85 .. .. .. 8,270 .. 5.5 18,452 2.6 3­ 23 15 66 65 30 4 2,182 1,502 4.4 526,966 7 12 16 12 61 44 42 14 773 670 4.1 16,674 3.5 2 27 9 61 55 38 7 1,481 930 6 127,434 25.5 6­ 35 16 54 53 39 9 3,153 1,977 8.6 60,302 2.4 8 28 13 51 43 46 12 624 497 5.2 260,693 12.2 11 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,222 14.5 18,269 16.9 5­ 22 13 71 62.00 28 10 1,846 1,770 5.9 794,228 8.3 10 15 6 69 35 42 23 215 173 10.4 8,361 9.4 6­ 17 16 73 37 17 45 295 238 6.8 20,490 1.1 27­ .. 16 .. .. .. .. 347 312 2.5 2,823 2.9 3­ 25 14 65 62 28 10 2,700 2,422 4.9 40,180 9.4 35 37 7 22 23 69 9 2,225 1,911 4.3 173,882 2.2 9­ 10 3 95 32 14 53 381 287 0.6 1,970 17.9 10 31 14 45 45 45 10 2,561 1,954 6 385,143 2.2 5 27 20 48 60 38 2 5,521 .. 4.6 216,485 15 7­ 20 6 81 61 28 11 3,305 1,924 5.4 45,790 3.7 1 28 16 54 55 41 4 5,026 .. 6.3 94,957 8.4 0 14 12 75 45 35 20 3,261 2,344 4.4 55,204 6.8 45­ 26 18 101 48 19 34 979 675 4.4 4,420 2.2 1­ 31 15 55 60.00 37 3.00 11,451 .. 4.5 929,121 7 30 27 14 29 35 60 5 .. .. 4 10,699 28.3 10­ 17 11 82 31 27 41 149 184 5.5 11,588 9.4 15­ 38 8 69 29 31 40 459 360 6.9 5,431 7.8 7­ 24 11 72 50 36 14 2,072 1,528 4.7 162,818 13.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 328b 271 3.9 26,576 7.1 4­ 22 20 61 66 31 3 2,495 1,786 4.3 276,764 7.3 28­ 31 21 76 66 24 10 1,791 2,443 8.1 12,793 2.3 1 23 26 50 73 26 1 38,441 15,190 1.7 342,672 10 19­ 21 9 90 53 12 35 182 167 6.7 4,457 17 10­ 26 11 73 58 34 8 4,646 2,196 6.3 200,071 17.1 3 22 9 66 33 46 21 204 159 5.3 14,314 232 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 222 240 5.7­ .. 10.6 13­ 27 16 70 57 29 13 702 679 5.5 40,714 3.7 22­ 15 9 98 58 28 13 1,638 1,633 2.9 22,115 1.5 19 31 11 39 72 28 0 40,419 22,695 5.8 181,948 2.9 22­ 30 10 82 62 23 15 215 225 4.4 13,209 9.9 1 24 16 59 40 34 26 667 414 7.4 58,443 1.7 8 20 26 47 70 29 2 35,378 22,533 2.8 480,021 1 8 22 11 59 71 28 1 23,588 19,884 1.9 488,470 ­ ­ 9.3 12­ 20 13 80 33 24 43 .. .. 10.3 1,953 6.6 14 21 10 55 49 47 4 5,309 3,573 4.4 169,458 17.2 24­ 23 17 84 59 28 13 .. .. 5.7 50,061 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.3 7 43 14 37 40.00 49 11.00 407 258 10.4 4,326,187 3.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.9­ .. 21 42­ 20 8 114 59 23 18 409 346 8.6 5,134 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,756 .. .. .. 18.7 26­ 32 14 81 42 26 32 320 293 5.6 16,123 5.2 18­ 24 4 90 62 28 11 2,623 2,120 3.9 38,977 20.2 2­ 13 5 85 58 35 8 190 142 3.1 4,266 2.1 2­ 22 23 57 77.00 21 2 44,080 22,234 1.7 2,853,062 5.2 2­ 15 10 77 53 32 15 1,075 905 5.1 166,909 26.3 14 23 10 53 .. .. .. 6,331 4,483 5.2 313,799 1.1 5 22 21 52 65 32 3 31,276 18,818 3 271,282 7.8 13­ 42 6 66 38 42 20 305 214 7.7 90,705 15.1 20 35 10 35 52 42 6 1,557 1,795 9.5 132,229 2.2 1 19 13 68 48 33 20 648 389 3.5 23,396 3.8 8­ 31 19 59 65 28 6 11,354 5,425 4.6 69,333 4.7 8­ 21 3 83 41 27 32 314 .. 9.7 9,574 2 3 23 19 56 .. .. .. 44,133 28,243 2.5 1,400,091 3.4 5 10 8 77 51 25 24 795 598 0.6 23,414 10.2 10­ 27 13 69 64 29 7 4,506 3,143 5.5 29,834 6.9 1­ 24 13 64 57 34 9 2,749 3,080 4.9 242,268 6.5 14­ 25 11 79 65 13 21 333 334 4.6 34,507 2.2 25­ 20 14 91 73 22 5 29,950 .. 4 28,660 10.5 51­ 20 15 116 27 19 54 .. .. 1.1­ 870 22.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.1 99,926 4 11­ 27 18 66 63 33 4 3,790 .. 7.7 47,341 4.2 10­ 23 11 76 39 24 37 241 208 5.2 8,740 4.4 20 22 12 46 42 48 10 525 386 5.5 194,927 11.5 25­ 36 5 85 57 17 25 174 186 3.8 8,970 1.6 9­ 33 16 61 64 20 16 1,746 1,430 5 86,329 8.2 2­ 26 10 66 59.00 37 4.00 2,793 2,256 2.7 1,085,951 19.3 28­ 32 11 85 45 21 34 116 72 4.2 4,269 8.9 35 19 20 26 27 70 2 15,780 7,875 4.1 467,601 2.7 4­ 19 22 63 76.00 23 1.00 26,942 22,664 2.5 2,645,593 11.3 7­ 26 20 61 41 47 13 356 574 5.1 2,858 8.1 10­ 23 12 75 46 26 28 148 107 8 9,735 11.6 53­ 37 19 97 74 15 11 816 1,286 6.3 6,048 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.7 16 23 20 42 56 43 1 37,039 19,500 2.5 449,996 1.8 7 21 18 54 67 31 2 21,920 12,048 2.1 416,380 6.2 21­ 32 10 79 50 17 34 207 191 3.5 12,615 2.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 157 152 4.4 5,354 17 13 .. .. .. 28 41 31 .. .. 6.6 212,080 8.5 34­ 32 12 90 51 30 19 2,071 .. 3.5 6,592 3 1­ 23 19 60 .. .. .. 27,189 19,155 3 130,693 16.7 23­ 26 .. 98 .. .. .. .. .. 0.5 6,953 4.6 6­ 39 11 56 53.00 29 18.00 392 324 7.9 1,217,490 6.5 28­ 30 14 83 61 27 13 1,483 1,193 5.3 14,077 5 1 22 9 67 66 29 4 6,922 4,122 3.6 154,668 2.2 8 20 25 47 74 24 2 42,049 24,914 1.8 860,336 1.7­ 11 20 8 60 92 8 0 .. .. 5.2 215,355 2.6 6­ 20 16 70 77.00 22 1.00 42,744 20,793 2.5 14,204,322 1.2­ 1 24 18 57 68.00 30 1.00 35,668 20,445 1.6 4,909,272 3.3 13­ 26 17 71 73 23 4 8,818 7,536 4.2 356,796 0 22 17 61 69 28 3 908 731 3.2 60,587,016 11­ 27 9 75 46 29 25 268 222 5.8 568,504 1 30 14 56 53 37 10 650 470 6.4 16,826,866 1 36 13 50 45 41 14 499 359 8.3 8,377,130 1 23 15 61 61 33 6 2,721 1,998 4.6 8,445,380 1 29 14 57 53 37 11 577 432 6.4 17,408,313 6 39 13 42 41 48 12 438 295 9.1 5,658,322 0 24 15 60 60 34 7 2,076 1,749 6.3 3,860,600 0 23 14 63 62 32 6 3,044 2,125 3.9 4,247,077 3 28 12 57 48 41 12 2,204 1,583 4.7 1,117,198 7­ 36 11 61 53 29 18 406 335 7.4 1,531,499 3­ 23 16 67 54 32 14 279 263 5.2 987,120 1­ 21 18 62 73 26 1 25,500 15,906 2.3 43,189,942 964 27 39 370172 .. 55073 102331 7 17 291971 471763 340­ 47 8 2634 31 223 828­ 3 13 7600 1500 100­ 17 14 3021 26 4749­ 16454 4 6 7200 31500 100­ 24 63 127758 2 6462 7588 7 31 57413 70588 104 122 54 8368 88 1835 2776­ 1 76 16888 7790 100­ 17 38 2888 114 699 1356­ 2 56 4412 1069 229 125 41 875 32 3­ .. .. .. 530 20 2504 213 .. .. .. 60122 154184­ 5 75 402302 268108 641 151 .. .. .. 39596 44040­ 14 19 200272 187428 115 81 .. .. .. 9664 1596 8 76 67410 60825 .. 0 18 2041 .. 288 .. .. .. 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10960 539 .. 189 1.3 49 .. 76 73 1.1 9190 1561 5530 940 27 279 1.1 170 100 82 74 2.5 26910 54875 24010 48973 14 101 0.3 2039 .. 45 46 1.1 5010 5852 2520 2945 40 68 1 1168 90 73 65 6 7130 3674 4990 2570 29 3 1.2 515 .. 78 69 1.3 19770 1707 10290 889 .. 188 0.8 86 84 77 74 5.1 20650 55126 12270 32755 32 9 1.8 2785 86 62 59 0.2 12270 17766 7240 10490 37 6 2 1448 .. 57 54 3 1280 2130 390 653 42 166 3 1660 .. 78 73 .. .. .. .. .. 28 325 1.5 175 .. 70 64 3.1 2510 1916 1420 1081 30 4 0.1 763 .. 51 49 8.4 21700 14305 14980 9875 41 24 2.8 659 .. 49 46 0.5 530 832 250 386 43 56 2.4 1575 78 72 68 4.2 3940 910 2330 539 39 19 2.5 231 .. 71 67 ­0.3 4270 3578 3930 3300 32 46 0.6 839 98 82 77 3.3 24040 20549 22950 19617 18 93 1.2 864 93 77 75 .. .. .. .. .. 16 116 9.1 1281 96 80 72 .. .. .. .. .. 26 13 1.8 246 100 80 76 .. .. .. .. .. 18 102 0.1 11247 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 94 80 76 3.7 52610 136748 38420 99865 23 153 2.7 2728 .. 63 59 1.8 3660 353 2000 193 .. 119 1.7 97 100 77 66 ­4.2 16740 37943 11860 26883 14 36 ­0.6 2266 .. 82 76 ­2.5 64320 31372 84890 41406 18 188 1.4 488 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 222 1.1 36 .. 42 43 3.4 2000 4033 1080 2179 39 66 0.8 2017 94 83 79 10.4 52260 26811 35360 18142 13 18659 2.2 526 92 82 77 3.1 22460 9192 16680 6825 16 1286 0.7 411 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 40 511 2.9 191 97 69 68 4 5280 1639 3630 1126 29 1035 1.6 310 97 70 64 7.9 3480 9158 1680 4411 27 2 1.2 2632 87 76 69 4.7 12480 15841 6400 8122 23 625 0.8 1269 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16821 0.3 33 88 53 52 1 6270 13248 4200 8880 37 3 1.5 2114 .. 69 68 ­1.3 3000 334 2340 260 37 159 0.5 111 (CD-ROM) (CD-ROM) ­ www.worldbouk. org/data/icp ­ ­ ­ " " (Paasche) In Xt = a + bt, Xt = X0 (1 + r)t . b = In (1+r)a = log X otX r rb [exp(b*)-1] r = In (Pn/P1)/n, nPn, P1 In (Pn ­ Pn­1)/Pn-1·, Ptt Pts$t Nt t 1 s$ s$ p p p p et* = et - 2 t / st$ + et -1 t / st$ + et 3 pt - 2 pt - 2 pt -1 pt -1 (Yt$ ­ Yt/Nt)/et et* et t ­ SERVIR MoSSaiC MESSAGE MiniCAM PAGE REMIND RICE (FAIR) Jones, P. D., and M. E. Mann. 2004. "Climate Over Past Millennia." Reviews of Geophysics 42(2): doi:10.1029/2003RG000143. Jones, P. D., D. E. Parker, T. J. Osborn, and K. R. Briffa. 2009. "Global and Hemispheric Tem- perature Anomalies--Land and Marine Instru- mental Records." In Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Infor- mation Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, TN. doi: 10.3334/CDIAC/cli.002 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2007. Climate Change 2007: Synthe- sis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva: IPCC. ­ ISBN 978-0-8213-7987-5