REPUBLIC OF KENYA LAKE VICTORIA NORTH WATER SERVICES BOARD WATER AND SANITATION SERVICES IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (WaSSIP) REHABILITATION AND AUGMENTATION OF BUTERE, MUSANDA AND NAVAKHOLO WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) Client / Employer: Consulting Engineers: CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER CES / MANGAT, I.B. PATEL & PARTNERS JV LAKE VICTORIA NORTH WATER CONSULTING ENGINEERS SERVICES BOARD P.O. BOX 48674, 00100 – GPO P.O. BOX 673 - 50100 NAIROBI, KENYA KAKAMEGA TEL.: +254-20-2710500 / 1, FAX: +254-20-2710549 KENYA EMAIL: mibp@africaonline.co.ke MARCH 2011 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 GENERAL INFORMATION....................................................................................................1 1.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................1 1.2 NAME AND ADDRESS OF PROJECT PROPONENT ................................................................1 1.3 TITLE OF PROJECT ............................................................................................................2 1.4 OVERALL OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT ....................................................................................2 1.5 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................................................2 1.6 LOCATION OF PROJECT.....................................................................................................2 1.7 PROJECT MANAGER..........................................................................................................2 1.8 PROJECT MANAGER’S REPRESENTATIVE ..........................................................................2 1.9 CONTRACTOR ...................................................................................................................2 1.10 PROJECT COST ................................................................................................................2 1.11 PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ..................................................................................................3 1.12 RELEVANT BANK OPERATIONAL POLICIES .........................................................................3 1.13 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (EHS) GUIDELINES ..............................................4 2 BASELINE SURVEY..............................................................................................................1 2.1 PROJECT AREA.................................................................................................................1 2.1.1 Administrative Description ..........................................................................................1 2.1.2 Socio Economic Infrastructure....................................................................................1 2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ..............................................................................................2 2.2.1 Butere Town and Musanda Trading Centre - Butere/Mumias District.......................2 2.2.2 Navakholo Trading Centre - Kakamega District.........................................................3 2.2.3 Water Resources ........................................................................................................4 2.3 POPULATION AND W ATER DEMAND ...................................................................................6 2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL AUDIT OF EXISTING FOR BUTERE, MUSANDA AND NAVAKHOLO W ATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS.........................................................................................................................7 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................................1 3.1 SCOPE OF PROJECT .........................................................................................................1 3.1.1 Butere Works ..............................................................................................................1 3.1.2 Musanda and Navakholo Works.................................................................................1 4 POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES ...........................1 4.1 MAJOR ELEMENTS OF THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT .................................................1 4.2 MEASURES TO MINIMIZE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ..........................................................1 4.3 POSSIBLE SEVERITY, DISTRIBUTION AND DURATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ..........1 4.4 POTENTIAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................1 5 THE NO-PROJECT OPTION .................................................................................................1 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ..............................................................1 CES/MIBP JV i EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO ANNEX 1 - MINUTES OF STAKEHOLDERS MEETING CES/MIBP JV i EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO GENERAL INFORMATION Introduction The Government of the Republic of Kenya (GoK) has mainstreamed its National Water Policy to envisage 100% access to safe water for the Country’s population by 2030. To achieve this target, the GoK has been implementing a far reaching sector reform program since 2002 aimed at harmonizing the Management of Water Resources and Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) throughout the Country. This reform has been propelled by the Water Act (2002), which aims at harmonizing the Management of Water Resources and Water Supply and Sanitation Services. The World Bank has been supporting the GoK in its Water Sector Reforms through financing of programmes towards improvement of Water and Sanitation Services in the Country. In this regard, the (GoK) and World Bank, through the International Development Association (IDA), have agreed on the implementation of the Water and Sanitation Services Improvement Project (WaSSIP). This Project aims at supporting the Water Sector Reform effort by achieving the following three objectives namely: (i) Increase access to reliable, affordable and sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation Services. (ii) Improve the Water and Wastewater Services. (iii) Institutional Strengthening and capacity building of Water Service Providers, within the Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) area of jurisdiction. One of the activities identified under Component (3) is – Rehabilitation and Augmentation of Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Water Supply Systems. LVNWSB has undertaken Detailed Designs and prepared Tender Documents and Drawings for the Works. LVNWSB is in the process of procuring a Contractor for the Implementation of these Works. The present Water Services in Butere, Musanda and Navakholo are under extreme pressure due to the high population increase, development and growth over the last decade. In addition, sections of the system are either dilapidated or require urgent rehabilitation due to normal wear, tear and age. The problems are at times compounded by interference with the existing infrastructure such as damage to appurtenances etc. The suppressed water supply in some areas affects the well being and living standards of the population in these areas. Name and Address of Project Proponent Chief Executive Officer Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) Off Kakamega – Kisumu Road P.O. Box 673 – 50100 KAKAMEGA, Kenya Tel.: +254-56-30795 / 31552 ; Fax: +254-56-31506 E-mail: info@lvnwsb.go.ke CES/MIBP JV 1 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Title of Project Rehabilitation and Augmentation of Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Water Supply Systems Contract No. NC / PH III / LOT 6 / Butere, Musanda and Navakholo (C) Overall Objective of Project The overall objective of the Project is to expand treated water output and transmit the same to supply Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Towns and part of their environs. Project Development The following Reports have been prepared as part of Project Development: • Inception Report • Final Design Report • Tender (Bid) Documents for Implementation of Works Location of Project The Project Location Plan is shown in Figure 1.1 on page 1-5. Project Manager Chief Executive Officer Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) Off Kakamega – Kisumu Road P.O. Box 673 – 50100 KAKAMEGA, KENYA Tel.: +254-56-30795 / 31552 Fax: +254-56-31506 E-mail: info@lvnwsb.co.ke Project Manager’s Representative (To be appointed) Contractor (To be appointed) Project Cost The Contract Price based on Final Design (Exclusive of Contingencies) for the Works is Kshs 107,406,658. CES/MIBP JV 2 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Public Consultations Pursuant to Legislative Requirements, a Stakeholders’ Meeting was held on 21st July 2010 in Butere for Stakeholders interested in the Project to allow for their active interaction for the Project to move to Construction Stage. Minutes of the Stakeholders’ Meeting are given in this Report as Annex 1. Relevant Bank Operational Policies The following are the relevant World Bank Operational Policies that have been taken into account in this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) / Environmental Management Plan (EMP). 1. OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment (January 1999) Environmental Assessment is one of the 10 safeguard policies of the World Bank. The objective of the World Bank Environment and Social Safeguard Policies is to improve decision making, to ensure that project options under consideration are sound and sustainable, and that project affected people have been properly consulted. The World Bank's environmental assessment policy and recommended processing are described in Operational Policy (OP)/Bank Procedure (BP) 4.01. The World Bank system assigns a project to one of three project categories, as defined below: Category A: An EIA is normally required because the project may have diverse significant impacts (projects in this category are forestry, large industrial plants, irrigation and drainage, mineral development (including oil and gas), pipelines (oil, gas, and water), resettlement, rural roads, tourism, urban development, large transmission lines, etc.). Category B: A limited environmental analysis is appropriate, as the project may have specific environmental impacts. Projects in this category include agro- industries (small scale), aquaculture & marine culture, small industries, mini- hydropower station, public facilities (hospitals, schools, housing complexes, rural electrification, telecommunications, small-scale tourism, rural water supply, etc.) Category C: Environmental analysis is normally unnecessary, as the project is unlikely to have significant environmental impacts. Projects in this category include education, family planning, nutrition, institutional development, technical assistance, etc. This Project has been assigned to Category B as it is a rural water supply project involving some construction works and use of chemicals for water treatment. 2. OP/BP 4.04 Natural Habitats (June 2001) Supports the conservation of natural habitats and the maintenance of ecological functions as a basis for sustainable development. The Bank does not support projects that involve the significant conversion or degradation of critical natural habitats. CES/MIBP JV 3 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO 3. OP 4.36 Forests (November 2002) Aims to reduce deforestation and enhance, through sustainable economic development, the environmental and social contribution of forests. The Bank does not support projects which involve significant conversion or degradation of critical forest areas or related critical natural habitats. 4. World Bank Policy on Access to Information The World Bank Policy on Access to Information sets out the policy of the World Bank on public access to information in its possession. This Policy supersedes the World Bank Policy on Disclosure of Information, and took effect on July 1, 2010. This Policy is based on five principles: • Maximizing access to information. • Setting out a clear list of expectations • Safeguarding the deliberative process • Providing clear procedures for making information available • Recognizing requester’s right to an appeals process. In disclosing information related to member countries / borrowers in the case of documents prepared or commissioned by a member country / borrower (in this instance, safeguards assessments and plans related to environment and resettlement - OP / BP 4.01, Environmental Assessments, and OP / BP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement), the Bank takes the approach that the Country / Borrower provides such documents to the Bank with the understanding that the Bank will make them available to the public. Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines The relevant Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines that have been taken into account in this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) / Environmental Management Plan (EMP) are the World Bank EHS General Guidelines and the EHS Guidelines for Water and Sanitation. The World Bank Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines can be found at www.ifc.org/EHSGuidelines 2007 CES/MIBP JV 4 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Figure 1.1 – Project Location Plan CES/MIBP JV 5 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO BASELINE SURVEY Project Area Administrative Description Butere Town and Musanda Trading Centre Butere Town and Musanda Trading Centre lie within Butere/Mumias District, one of the eight districts that make up Western Province. It was curved out of the larger Kakamega District on 2nd March 1998. It covers a total area of 939.3km2. The district borders Busia and Bungoma Districts to the west, Siaya and Vihiga Districts to the south and Kakamega District to the north. The District lies between Longitudes 34o 21� East and 34o 41’ East and Latitudes 0o 15’ North and 0o 29’ North of the equator. The district has two Local Authorities namely Mumias Municipal Council and Butere/Mumias County Council. Butere/Mumias County Council has nineteen Electoral Wards. Butere Town is the Administrative Headquarters of Butere/Mumias District. It is located 13 kilometers south of Mumias Town on the South Western part of the Western Province. Navakholo Trading Centre Navakholo Town lies within Kakamega District in Western Province. The district borders Butere/Mumias and Bungoma Districts to the west, Nandi District to the east, Vihiga District to the south and Lugari District to the north. The District lies between Latitudes 0o 07’30� North and 0o 15� North and Longitudes 34o 32� East and 34o 57’ 30� East. The District covers a total area of 1,395km2. The Trading Centre is located approximately 25km from Kakamega Town, the administrative headquarters of both Kakamega District and Western Province. Socio Economic Infrastructure Butere Town With a population growth rate of 2.5% per annum, Butere Township Location has a population of 11,352 including an urban population of approximately 2,212. There is no established industry in the area. The informal sector is dominated by commercial facilities such as retail shops, catering services, butcheries, tailoring, dispensing chemists, posho mills and bars. The area is served with good all weather murram roads, which connects the District headquarters at Butere Town to Mumias which is 13km to the North. Yala and Luanda towns are connected via the Ekero-Luanda road at Sabatia Market. It is also well connected to Kakamega Provincial Headquarters via Mumias Town or through Bukura Market to Sigalagala trading center on the Kisumu – Kakamega road. Butere Town has both Electricity and Telephone facilities. Postal services are available at Butere Post Office in Town. The Town has 5No. mixed Government Primary Schools, 1No. Private Primary School and 5No. Secondary Schools. It also has 6 public health institutions (Butere District Hospital, Kakamega Highway Nursing Home and 4No. Private Clinics). CES/MIBP JV 1 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Musanda Trading Centre Musanda Trading Centre and its environs has a population of 2,928. Main commercial activities include operation of wholesale and retail shops, selling of new and second hand clothes (mitumba), hardware, catering services, education, health and social welfare. At present, there are 40 shops, 11 restaurants, 4 bars and 3 butcheries within Musanda Trading Centre. There are no industrial activities within the Trading Centre. The area is served with a good all weather murram road to Mumias Town in the North, Butere Town to the East and Unguja to the West. Postal and wireless network mobile phone services are available at Musanda. It is served with electricity from the National Grid. Musanda Trading Centre and its immediate environs has 4 health centres, 1 financial institution, 3 Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), 3 Primary Schools, 3 Secondary Schools and 1 tertiary institution (Bangani Village Youth Polytechnic). All the three NGOs are involved in caring of orphans. Navakholo Trading Centre Navakholo Trading Centre and its environs has a population of 9,743. Main commercial activities include selling of new and second hand clothes (mitumba), hardware, education, health and social welfare. The Trading Centre is located approximately 25Km from Kakamega Town. Presently, there are approximately 40 shops, 11 restaurants, 4 bars and 1 butchery within Navakholo Trading Centre. There are no industrial activities within the Trading Centre. The area is served with a murram road, which connects the Trading Centre with Kakamega and Malava Towns. Navakholo Trading Centre is the headquarters of Navakholo Division. The Trading Centre has both Electricity and Telephone facilities. Environmental Baseline Butere Town and Musanda Trading Centre - Butere/Mumias District Topography: The district has a varying topography with a few hills and valleys dissected by a number of small streams. The district has an extensive undulating peneplain that dips southwards from about 1,641m to 1,500m above mean sea level to a further 1,250m to the west. The lowest part of the district stands at about 1,240m above sea level. Geological profile: Granitic rocks cover more than half of the district roughly north of the Bukura-Butere road. On the other hand, Meta-sedimentary rocks of the Kavirondian system cover most of the southern part of the area, but with narrow strips of Nyanzian system volcanic rocks such as basalts and andesites. Large deposits of sand and some clay also occur in various parts of the district. Soils: The district has a variety of soils. Most parts of Mumias, Matungu and South Wanga Divisions have predominantly loamy soils. There are also a few areas in the southern part of Matungu with black cotton soils. Butere division on the other hand has soils ranging from sandy loam, clay loams and well darained loam soils. Khwisero division has predominantly shallow sandy loams that are highly eroded. The eastern parts of Khwiero have red soils. The loamy soils do support various crops such as sugarcane, pulses and cereals as is evident in Mumias, Matungu, South Wanga and CES/MIBP JV 2 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO parts of Butere Division. The good and well-developed soils in Mumias, Butere, South Wanga and Matungu Division have led to farmers devoting almost 68% at their arable land on cane production. The poor soils in Khwisero Division have led to poor crop development hence higher levels of poverty. Rivers: The district is dissected by a number of streams and rivers giving it ample surface water resources. The major rivers include River Nzoia, Yala, Lusumu, Lairi, Viratsi and their tributaries. The rivers flow all year round. Butere Town is situated midway between two tributaries of the Viratsi River. A confluence of the two tributaries is located about 3 kilometers west of Town. One of the tributaries flows in Southeast-Northwest, while the second one flows Northeast – Southwest direction, which is also the direction of the Viratsi River. The Viratsi is at upper course stage, flowing on rocky bed. Climate: The district has high rainfall almost all year round. However, the rainfall is less in intensity between December and February. The annual rainfall ranges from 1,597 – 2,873mm per year. The district has an almost uniform rainfall distribution. It has high temperatures all the year round. The mean maximum is about 29°C. The high temperatures and rainfall allow for crop development all year round, enabling farmers to have two cropping seasons district-wide. Navakholo Trading Centre - Kakamega District Topography: The district has a varying topography with altitudes ranging from 1,250 meters to 2,000 meters above sea level. Kakamega Town lies on the altitude 1500 meters above sea level. The district can be divided into two main physiographic units, namely the southern hills made up of rugged granites rising to 1,950 meters above sea level, and the peneplain with remnants of denudation at Kakamega and Kambiri. The Nandi Escarpment forms a prominent feature on the district’s eastern border with its main scarp rising from the general elevation of 1,600 to 2,000metres. Climate: There are two rainy seasons in the district, the long rains and the short rains. The long rains start in March and end in June with the peak in May. The short rains commence in July and end in September and peaks in August. The driest months are December, January and February. Generally rainfall varies from 1,000mm per annum in northern parts of the district to 2,400mm per annum in southern parts. Most rainfall received in the district comes in the form of heavy afternoon showers with occasional thunderstorms. The district has high temperatures all year round with slight variations in mean maximum and minimum ranges of 28oC to 32oC and 11oC to 13oC respectively. Low temperatures are usually recorded at night while the very high temperatures are recorded during the day. The mean annual evaporation ranges from 1,600mm to 2,100mm with high humidity and low evaporation rates. It is only a few low lying parts of the district that receive annual average evaporation of more than 1,800mm. Agriculture: The heavy rainfall that Kakamega receives makes the soils vulnerable to erosion and this tends to reduce the agricultural productivity of farms in the district. 70 per cent of the area in Kakamega is under maize cultivation with cash crops, mainly sugarcane, in Lurambi, Navakholo, and Kabras Divisions. Tea is grown on a small scale in Shinyalu and Ikolomani Divisions. Livestock rearing is another dominant land use in the district. The flat topography in the southern part of the district coupled with heavy rainfall makes the area suitable for sugarcane growing. CES/MIBP JV 3 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO The well-drained soils and flat topography also provides a good potential for irrigation, though this potential has not been tapped. However, the flat and swampy soil leads to regular water logging and flooding. Drainage: One of the main rivers found in the district is River Yala, which originates from the Nandi Hills, east of Kakamega District. It flows westwards through Kakamega Forest and the southern part of the district. The Nandi Escarpment forms the catchment zone for streams such as the Shitiya, Kabkalet and Nurungo, which flow westward to join the River Nzoia. The Kakamega area is drained towards Lake Victoria by River Isiukhu. The River Isiukhu is a tributary of Nzoia River. It originates from the Nandi Escarpment and flows through Kakamega Forest before reaching Kakamega Town. Several small streams form tributaries to these main rivers, exhibiting dendritic drainage patterns dissecting the peneplain surface often with steep erosional valleys. Only the northwestern part of the district to the north of Mumias is swampy due to low gradients and poor drainage. The area is well suited for sugarcane growing. Geology: The general geology of the district consists of intrusive (mainly granites), Nyanzian Volcanics and the Kavirondian sediments. However, the granites cover most parts of the district. Water Resources a) Existing Water Supply Situation in Butere Town Butere Town is primarily served by groundwater supply system. The system consists of 4 Nr boreholes located within the Town. The 4 Nr. Boreholes were drilled in 1960, 1968, 1988, and 2004 respectively. Two boreholes are located at Ministry of Agriculture compound, 1 at Ministry of Water & Irrigation yard and 1 at Butere Girls’ High School. The present average water production is 420m3/day whereas the present demand is 1,348m3/day. The present average production is therefore 31% of the total demand. This creates a scarcity of water and as a result alternative water sources have been developed. These are described below: • Shallow Wells – The rural communities have shallow wells installed with hand pumps. Most are fitted with concrete covers and a few are open. • Protected Springs – 4Nr. existing springs that were protected by Kenya- Finland Western Water Supply Programme (KEFINCO). The water quality is good though the yields are low (0.5 – 1.2m3/hr). • Unprotected springs – Majority of the people in rural and peri-urban areas collect water from Unprotected Springs that are polluted. • Roof Catchments – Some of the residents have constructed tanks and harvest water from the roofs during the rainy season. • Boreholes: Community-managed boreholes drilled by KEFINCO and KWAHO (Kenya Water for Health Organization) • Amukowa Borehole Community Water Supply in Sabatia market supplies water to about 50Nr. households. There is no existing Sewerage System in Butere Town. Most of the residential areas are served by pit latrines. A few institutions have septic tanks such as the District CES/MIBP JV 4 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Hospital, Kakamega Highway Nursing Home and Eshimuli Guest house. Most Secondary Schools have VIP latrines. b) Existing Water Supply Situation in Musanda Trading Centre Musanda Trading Centre is presently served by groundwater supply system. The system consists of 2Nr Boreholes located at Musanda Primary School and the Market Centre respectively. At present only one Borehole (C5715) is operational and is located at Musanda Primary School with a yield of 1.83m3/hr. This Borehole is privately owned by the School. The second Borehole (C6989) that is not operational and has a yield of 1.36m3/hr. The combined present yield of the two Boreholes is 75m3/day. The Water Supply System is managed by the Local Community. Water from the School Borehole is pumped to an elevated plastic ‘Kentainer’ tank (capacity 5m3) located within the school compound and supplied to 4Nr water kiosks and 30nr individual consumers without disinfection. The tank is also owned by the School. At present, only two water kiosks are in operation. Consumers purchase water from these water kiosks at a fee of Kshs.5 per 20 litre container of water. The water kiosks are owned and operated by the local community. The community pays the School a monthly sum as electricity and pump maintenance charges. Other sources of water for the residents of Musanda are: • Protected springs – 2Nr located within the vicinity of the Trading Centre. One of the springs was developed under the KEFINCO programme. • Shallow wells – 2Nr hand-dug wells are located within the area. • Roof catchment – Most residents have constructed tanks and harvest water from the roofs during the rainy season. There is no existing Sewerage System in Musanda Trading Centre. Most households rely on on-plot sanitation facilities, predominantly pit latrines. The pit latrines are generally around 6m deep. c) Existing Water Supply Situation in Navakholo Trading Centre Navakholo Trading Centre is presently served by groundwater supply system. The system consists of 2Nr Boreholes located next to the Buheri-Kasisi junction. At present only one Borehole is operational with a yield of 58m3/hr (C-9232). The second Borehole which is not currently operational has a yield of 29m3/hr (C-9243). The combined present yield of the two Boreholes is 2,088m3/day. The Water Supply System is managed by the Local Community. Water from the Boreholes is pumped to a masonry tank (capacity 225m3) located at Emuhuni Hill and distributed to consumers without disinfection or any mode of treatment. Navakholo Sub-District Hospital has its own Borehole and an Elevated Steel Storage Tank (capacity 30m3). Presently, the hospital’s Borehole is not in operation due to siltation and is not equipped with a pump. The hospital is currently served by the community-managed water supply system via a 50mm dia. pipe tapped from the raw water pumping main to Emuhuni Hill Storage Tank. CES/MIBP JV 5 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO The Water Supply System is presently operating below its design capacity due to technical and operational deficiencies. The average recorded production as at end of July 2006 was 146m3/d, which is 7% of the design capacity of the system. There is no existing Sewerage System in Navakholo Trading Centre. Most households rely on on-plot sanitation facilities, predominantly pit latrines. The pit latrines are generally around 6m deep. Population and Water Demand The Population and Water Demand for Butere, Musanda and Navakholo was established in a Feasibility Study undertaken by CES/GFA/MIBP Consulting Engineers under the Water Supply and Sanitation Programme for the Nzoia Cluster in 2007. The Populations and Water Demand are as follows, projected to Year 2025: Table 2.1: Summary of Population and Overall Water Demands for Butere Town Year 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 Population 11,352 12,864 14,577 16,517 18,717 Domestic Water Demand 777 945 1,071 1,214 1,376 Health/ Education/ Institution 172 212 241 273 309 Commercial/ Industrial 10% 78 95 107 121 138 Unaccounted for Water - 25% 25% 257 313 355 402 456 Treatment Works Losses - 5% 5% 64 78 89 100 114 Total Water Demand 1,348 1,644 1,862 2,110 2,391 Table 2.2: Summary of Population and Overall Water Demands for Musanda Trading Centre Year 2006 2010 2015 2020 2025 Population 2,928 3,167 3,496 3,861 4,267 Domestic Water Demand 132 143 157 174 192 Health/ Education 20 22 24 27 30 Institutional/Administration 6 6 7 8 9 Commercial 1 2 2 2 2 Livestock 8% 11 11 13 14 15 Unaccounted for Water - 25% 25% 43 46 51 56 62 Treatment Works Losses - 1% 1% 2 2 3 3 3 Total Water Demand 3 (m /day) 215 232 256 283 313 CES/MIBP JV 6 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Table 2.3: Summary of Population and Overall Water Demands for Navakholo Trading Centre Year 2006 2010 2015 2020 2025 Population 9,743 10,522 11,590 12,773 14,087 Domestic Water Demand 438 473 522 575 634 Health/ Education 68 74 81 89 99 Institutional/Administration 19 21 23 26 28 Commercial 5 5 6 6 7 Livestock 8% 35 38 42 46 51 Unaccounted for Water - 25% 25% 142 153 168 186 205 Treatment Works Losses - 1% 1% 7 8 8 9 10 3 Total Water Demand (m /day) 715 772 850 937 1,033 Source: Feasibility Report - Rural Water and Sanitation Schemes prepared by CES/GFA/MIBP Consulting Engineers. February 2007) Environmental Audit of Existing for Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Water Supply Systems An Environmental Audit has been carried out for the Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Water Supply Systems. The Environmental Audit is detailed in the following Tables. Table 2.4 - Environmental Audit for Existing Butere Water Supply System Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description Ministry of - Signboard: present at gate - Inadequate lighting - Faulty security Water and - Fence: Chainlink fence. may pose safety lights to be Irrigation (MoWI) - Lighting: 9No Security lights and security replaced. Compound present. Only 2 Working. hazards during - Fire extinguisher - Cleanliness: Site well nightime operation. (appropriate maintained. Grass cut. - Lack of first aid number, size and - Sanitation facility: 1No pit equipment and fire type) to be latrine, septic tank and fighting equipment provided. bathroom present. All in at the works is - Well-equipped first good and operational risky. aid box to be condition. - Lack of security provided and - Fire fighting equipment: guards could training offered on None. expose fittings first aid - First aid equipment: None. within the procedures. - Security: Site manned by compound to - Security guards to 1No. staff living within vandalism. be placed at the compound. compound. - Communication equipment: Fixed landline telephone available. - Incidents: None. BOREHOLE No. 1 Borehole No. 1 - Borehole chamber: Good. - Missing cover - Replace missing (C-8534) - Cover: Missing; 620 x poses a safety cover and install a 620mm. hazard. locking - Pump lifting gantry: Firmly in - Untidy chamber mechanism. place. poses a safety - Chamber to be - Chamber cleanliness: Soil, hazard during cleaned. stones and debris in routine - Install wire gauze chamber. maintenance. on vents of CES/MIBP JV 7 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description - 3nr vent holes on walls of - Open vents without borehole chamber do not have a mesh pose a safety chamber. protective mesh. hazard. - Flow Meter: Available, ELSTER KENT, SNo. 517732-08; in good working condition. - Fencing: Chainlink fence all round MoWI compound. - Site: Well maintained. General remarks: - Located at MoWI compound - Constructed in 1968 - Pump run for 24hours. BOREHOLE No. 2 1) Borehole - Borehole chamber: In good - Untidy chamber - Chamber to be No. 2 structural condition. Stones poses a safety cleaned. (C-5322) and soil inside. hazard during - Install wire gauze - 3nr vent holes on walls of routine on vents of chamber do not have a maintenance. borehole protective mesh. - Open vents without chamber. - Pump lifting gantry: Firmly in mesh pose a safety place. hazard. - Flow Meter: 40mm dia flow meter available, working. - Fencing: Isolation fence not available. General remarks: - Located at Butere Girls’ High School Compound. - Constructed in 1988 - Pump run for 24hours. 2) Valve - Some are broken. - Broken and - Replace missing Chambers - Covers: Some are missing. uncovered covers to - Cleanliness: Soil, stones chambers are a chambers. and debris in chambers. safety hazard - Reconstruct - Untidy chamber broken chambers. poses a safety - Chambers to be hazard during cleaned. routine maintenance. 3) Control - Location: Within Butere - Broken window - Replace broken building and Girl’s Secondary School glazing a safety window glazings. Panel compound. hazard. - All lights to be in - Controls pumps for Borehole - Lack of working good working No. 2. lights a safety order. - Building: In good structural hazard during - Room to be condition. nightime regularly cleaned. - Windows: 2 No. glazing operations. broken. - Dusty room poses - Lights: Both internal and a health hazard. external lights are not working. - Room cleanliness: Not wept; dusty. - Control Panel: Some hour meters are not working. CES/MIBP JV 8 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description BOREHOLE No. 3 Borehole No. 3 - Borehole chamber: Section - Untidy and broken - Repair broken (C-8537) of wall is broken. Stones and chamber poses a section of soil in chamber. safety hazard chamber. - Cover: Metal cover available during routine - Clean chamber. with locking mechanism. maintenance. - Install flow meter - Pump lifting gantry: Firmly in - Bushy site a safety - Grass to be cut place. hazard. and site to be - Flow Meter: Missing. properly - Fencing: Existing fence is maintained. broken. - Site: Maize planted within borehole site. Site is generally bushy. General remarks: - Located at Ministry of Agriculture Compound. - Constructed in 1999 - Pump run for 24hours. BOREHOLE No. 4 Borehole No. 4 - Borehole chamber: In good - Untidy chamber - Provide a metal structural condition. Stones poses a safety cover with locking and soil in chamber. hazard during mechanism. - Electrical switch box routine - Clean chamber. dangerously hanging on wall maintenance. - Install flow meter. of chamber. - Loosely hanging - Safely clamp the - Cover: Concrete cover electrical switch electrical switch available but fittings are box is a safety box to wall of prone to vandalism. hazard. chamber. - Pump lifting gantry: Firmly in - Bushy site a safety - Grass to be cut place. hazard. and site to be - Flow Meter: Missing. properly - Fencing: Chainlink isolation maintained. fence in place. - Site: Very bushy. General remarks: - Located at Ministry of Agriculture Compound. - Constructed in 2004 - Pump run for 24hours. STORAGE TANKS 3 124m Elevated - Located at Ministry of Water - Rusted metal - Access chambers Steel Tank and Irrigation Compound. panels a safety to be covered and - Tank: Some panels are hazard. locked. rusted. - Water may be - Tank to be - Tank access: Access to tank contaminated regularly cleaned. by fixed metal ladder. through unlocked - Access Chamber: 1No. access chamber Cover missing. and unclean tank. - Vent pipe: Protective mesh missing. - Cleaning of tank: Irregular. Not cleaned for over a year. 3 41m Elevated - Located next to Borehole - Rusted metal - Access chambers Steel Tank No. 2 at Butere Girls’ High panels a safety to be covered and School compound. hazard. locked. CES/MIBP JV 9 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description School compound. hazard. locked. - Tank: Some panels are - Water may be - Tank to be rusted. contaminated regularly cleaned. - Walkways: Steel panels are through unlocked rusted. access chamber - Tank access: Access to tank and unclean tank. by fixed metal ladder. - Access Chamber: In good condition but not cover locked. - Vent pipe: Protective mesh missing. - Cleaning of tank: Irregular. DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 1) 6.5 Km of - Material: uPVC, GMS - Lack of fire - Replace faulty air water - Air valves: Several are hydrants in the valves. pipeline faulty. network a safety - Install marker - Marker posts: Several hazard. posts. missing - Faulty air valves leads to formation of air locks in the distribution system and subsequently bursts. 2) Chambers: - Chambers: Some are - Broken chambers a - Re-construct broken. safety hazard. broken chambers. - Chamber Covers: Some - Missing/broken - Broken covers to broken while some are covers is a safety be replaced. missing. hazard. 3) Marker - Several are missing. - Replace missing posts: marker posts. Table 2.5 - Environmental Audit for Existing Musanda Water Supply System Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description CES/MIBP JV 10 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description General Remarks: 3 3 - Water supply system consists of 2nr boreholes C-5715 (yield 1.83m /hr) and C-6989 (yield 1.36m /hr). - Water from the boreholes is distributed to consumers without disinfection. BOREHOLES Borehole No. 1 - Location: Musanda Primary - Damaged sections - Repair damaged (C-5715) School compound. of roof slab pose a sections of - Depth: 51m safety hazard. concrete roof slab. - Drilled in 1990. - Safety hazard to - Chamber to be - Borehole chamber: Good. attendants working cleaned. - Cover: Concrete cover in chambers with - Safely clamp the available. However sections stones, soil and switchbox on the of roof slab concrete is grass. wall of chamber. damaged. - Loosely attached - Provide fence with - Pump lifting gantry: Firmly in electric switchbox lockable gate at place. may lead to the borehole site. - Chamber cleanliness: electrical shocks. Stones, soil, grass, sticks - Lack of fence may inside the chamber. give way to - Electrical installations: unauthorized Switch box is loosely tied persons. onto the rising main. - Pipe fittings: In good condition, no leakages observed. - Fencing: None. - Site: Grass is cut and site generally well maintained. - Control switch: The control switch and cables have been dangerously mounted on the wall of the School’s administration block next to the staircase. School children have free access to them. General remarks: - There is free access of school children accessing the borehole. Borehole No. 2 - The borehole had been fitted - Lack of fence may - Provide fence with (C-6989) with a handpump that has give way to lockable gate at since been vandalized. unauthorized the borehole site. - Location: Next to Musanda persons. - Grass and bush to Market, in private land. - Overgrown grass be cut and proper - Depth: 50m and may form a site maintenance - Drilled in 1990. habitat for observed. - Pump: None. dangerous snakes. - Electrical installations: None. - Pipe fittings: None. - Fencing: None. - Site maintenance: Site is bushy with twigs, soil and rubbish over the pump platform. General remarks: - There is free access of local residents and domestic animals to the borehole. PUMPING MAIN CES/MIBP JV 11 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description (1) Pipeline - Material: GMS. - Replace faulty - Size: 50mm diameter. flow meter. - Length: 107m. - Age: Laid in 1990. - Valves and Fittings: Flow meter not operational. - Pipeline: In good condition. (2) Chambers - Number: 1nr. - Broken cover and - Broken cover to - Chamber Covers: Broken. chamber a safety be replaced. - Chambers structure: Walls hazard. - Broken chamber are broken. - Safety hazard to to be - Cleanliness of chambers: attendants working repaired/reconstru Dirty with soil, stones and in chambers with cted. rubbish. stones, soil and - Meter chamber grass. should always be kept clean, locked and structure well maintained. (3) Marker posts - None - Install marker posts. STORAGE TANK (1) Plastic elevated - Location: Musanda Primary - Damaged platform - Replace broken tank on a steel School. a safety hazard. timber pieces and tower and timber - Fence: None. - Lack of fence and rehabilitate the platform. - Structure: Plastic tank in gate gives way to tank’s platform. good condition. unauthorized entry. - Fence with 3 Capacity: 23m - Tank roof access: Steel - Dirty tank may lead lockable gate to ladder is provided. to contamination of be provided. Height of tower: 6.6m - Access chambers: Covered the stored water. - Tank to be with a plastic lid. regularly cleaned - Washwater disposal: and regular Opening washout valve. maintenance Discharge to roadside drain. observed. - Tank cleanliness: Tank is - Replace faulty not regularly cleaned. gate valve. - Platform: Some timber pieces are rotten and broken. - Steel structure: In good condition. - Valves and fittings: 1nr gate valve is not working. (2) Incidents: - Past Occurrence: None. - Lack of record - Record books to - Records: None. books hampers the be kept. - Type of Record Books Kept: monitoring of - Warning sign to None. activities and be installed for - First aid equipment: None. people accessing trespassers. - Warning sign: None. tank sites. DISTRIBUTION NETWORK (1) Pipeline - Material: uPVC and - Exposed pipes - Faulty valves to Galvanized Mild Steel. make them prone be replaced. - Size: 25 to 50mm diameter. to vandalism and - Provide cover to - Age: Laid in 1990. subsequent exposed pipes by - Total length: Approx. 4km. contamination of re-laying and - Valves and Fittings: Several disinfected water. backfilling in are leaking. trenches. - Pipeline: Some sections are exposed, making them prone to vandalism. CES/MIBP JV 12 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description (2) Chambers - Number: 1nr within the - Broken cover and - Broken cover to network. chamber a safety be replaced. - Chamber Cover: Concrete hazard. - Broken chamber cover is broken. - Safety hazard to to be - Chamber structure: The attendants working repaired/reconstru chamber walls are broken. in chambers with cted. - Cleanliness of chambers: stones, soil and - Meter chamber Dirty with soil, stones and grass. should always be rubbish. kept clean, locked and structure well maintained. (3) Marker posts - None - Install marker posts. (4) Water Kiosks - Number: 4nr. - Leaking roofs, - Water kiosks to be - Structure: Masonry structure broken/missing rehabilitated. with corrugated iron sheets doors and - Repair/replace roof. Roofs are leaking. windows, untidy leaking pipes and - Cleanliness: Floors are wet water kiosks pose fittings. and slippery. safety and health - Doors: Wooden doors are hazards. present. - Windows: Wooden windows are present. - Usage: None of the water kiosks is presently in use. - Pipes and fittings: Several are leaking. Table 2.6 - Environmental Audit for Existing Navakholo Water Supply System Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description General Remarks: 3 3 - Water supply system consists of 2nr boreholes C-9232 (yield 58m /hr) and C-9243 (yield 29m /hr) 3 - Average volume of water produced per month was reported to be 7,000m . - Location: Next to Buheri-Kasisi junction in Nambacha Sub-location. - Water from the boreholes is distributed to consumers without disinfection. BOREHOLES, CONTROL BUILDING & CONTROL PANEL Borehole No. 1 - Depth: 66.3m - Rusted metal cover - Clean and paint th (C-9232) - Drilled on 27 November 1990. and damaged roof rusted metal - Borehole chamber: Good. slab pose a safety cover. - Cover: Metal cover available, hazard. - Repair damaged locked, though rusted. However - Untidy chamber sections of sections of roof slab concrete is poses a safety concrete roof damaged. hazard during slab. - Pump lifting gantry: Firmly in regular operation - Chamber to be place. and routine cleaned and - Chamber cleanliness: Spare maintenance. spare electric electrical cable kept - Detached electric cable to be stored haphazardly inside the switchbox may lead at appropriate chamber. to electrical shocks. goods store. - Electrical installations: Switch - Lack of fence may - Safely clamp the box is detached from the wall of give way to detached the chamber. unauthorized switchbox on the - Flow Meter: Available, 75mm persons. wall of chamber. diameter in good condition. - Provide fence - Pipe fittings: In good condition, with lockable gate no leakages observed. at the borehole - Fencing: None. site. - Site: Grass is cut and site CES/MIBP JV 13 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description generally well maintained. General remarks: - The borehole is within the same site with 1nr break pressure tank, old test borehole (abandoned) and the pumps control building. Borehole No. 2 - Depth: 68.9m - Rusted metal cover - Clean and paint nd (C-9243) - Drilled on 22 January 1990. and damaged roof rusted metal - Borehole chamber: Good. slab pose a safety cover. - Cover: Metal cover available, hazard. - Repair damaged locked, though rusted. However - Untidy chamber sections of sections of roof slab concrete is poses a safety concrete roof damaged. hazard during slab. - Pump lifting gantry: Firmly in regular operation - Chamber to be place. and routine cleaned. - Chamber cleanliness: Dirty with maintenance. - Provide fence soil, timber and grass inside the - Lack of fence may with lockable gate chamber. give way to at the borehole - Electrical installations: Switch unauthorized site. box safely clamped to wall. persons. - Grass and weeds - Flow Meter: Available, 75mm - Overgrown grass to be cut and diameter in good condition. and weeds may proper site - Pipe fittings: In good condition, form a habitat for maintenance no leakages observed. dangerous snakes. observed. - Fencing: None. - Site: Site is bushy with overgrown grass and weeds. General remarks: - The borehole is located 110m from Borehole No. 1. Control Building - Location: Within the same - Short circuiting in - Rehabilitate and Panel compound with Borehole No. 1. the control panel pumps control - Usage: Building houses the may cause a fire. panel. control panel for both borehole - Storage of books - Books and pumps. and sticking of posters should be - Control Panel: Hour meters not posters on the removed from the working. Electrical short circuit control panel a control panel. for BH No. 2 as the switch trips safety hazard. - Rehabilitate the whenever it’s switched on. - Damaged sections control building to Books stored on top of the of floor slab, seal off cracks, panel and posters have been leaking roof, cracks leaking roof, etc. stuck on the panel. on walls of building - Room to be - Building: Masonry structure with are safety hazards. regularly cleaned several sections of floor slab - Haphazard storage and items kept on concrete detached, cracks on of items on floor of floor transferred walls and leaking roof. building poses a to an appropriate - Windows: 1nr metallic. safety hazard. storage facility. - Door: 1nr metal door. - No first aid - Well-equipped - Lighting: 1nr fluorescent tube, equipment first aid box to be working. available in case of provided. - Room cleanliness: Untidy; accidents. - Fire extinguisher Jembe, broom, shoes, chairs, - Lack of fire fighting (appropriate type tins haphazardly kept in the equipment a safety and size) to be room. hazard. provided in the - Warning sign: Sticker available control building. on the door of the control panel. - First aid equipment: None. - Fire fighting equipment: None. General remarks: - At time of visit power supply CES/MIBP JV 14 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description had been disconnected by KPLC due to unpaid bills. PUMPING MAIN (1) Pipeline - Material: uPVC and GMS. - Lack of fire - Fire hydrants to - Size: 80 and 150mm diameter. hydrants in the be installed and - Length: 2.9km. network a safety frequent pressure - Age: Laid in 1990. hazard. tests conducted. - Valves and Fittings: Several are - Exposed pipes - Faulty valves to not operational. make them prone be replaced. - Fire hydrants: None. to vandalism and - Provide cover to - Pipeline: Some sections are subsequent exposed pipes by exposed, making them prone to contamination of re-laying and vandalism. disinfected water. backfilling in trenches. (2) Chambers - Number: 11nr. - Missing/broken - Missing/broken - Chamber Covers: Some covers is a safety covers to be missing/broken. hazard. replaced. - Chambers structure: Several - Broken chambers a - Broken chambers have broken walls. safety hazard. to be repaired / - Cleanliness of chambers: - Safety hazard to reconstructed. Several are dirty with soil, attendants working - All valve stones and rubbish. in chambers with chambers should stones, soil and always be kept grass. clean, locked and structure well maintained. (3) Marker posts - General remarks: Several - Missing/broken missing/broken. marker posts to be replaced. STORAGE TANK (1) Ground level - Location: Emuhuni hill on top of - The stored water - Leaking sections masonry tank at a rock. could be of tanks to be Emuhuni Hill - Fence: None. contaminated repaired and tank - Structure: Walls are cracked through rehabilitated. 3 Capacity: 225m and plaster is broken in several unprotected vent - All vent pipes to sections. pipe. be fitted with - Tank roof access: Metal cat - Damaged tank protective mesh. ladder is provided. structure a safety - Fence with - Access chambers: Metal ladder hazard. lockable gate to mounted on wall of tank. Metal - Lack of fence and be provided. cover in place; locked. gate gives way to - Tank to be - Washwater disposal: Opening unauthorized entry. regularly cleaned washout valve. Discharge to - Dirty tank may lead and regular open surface on the foot of the to contamination of maintenance rocky hill. the stored water. observed. - Tank cleanliness: Tank is not - Damaged sections - Rehabilitate valve regularly cleaned. of roof slab of valve chambers. - Valve chambers: 2nr chambers chambers a safety - All valve with sections of roof slab hazard. chambers should damaged. Metal covers - Safety hazard to always be kept available; locked. attendants working clean, locked and - Chambers cleanliness: Soil, in chambers with structure well stones, grass and rubbish stones, soil and maintained. inside the chamber. grass. - Valves and fittings: In good condition. CES/MIBP JV 15 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description General remark: - Vent pipe not fitted with protective mesh. - Tank is leaking. (2) Incidents: - Past Occurrence: None. - Lack of record - Record books to - Records: None. books hampers the be kept. - Type of Record Books Kept: monitoring of - Warning sign to None. activities and be installed for - First aid equipment: None. people accessing trespassers. - Warning sign: None. tank sites. BREAK PRESSURE TANKS General remarks: 3 - 2nr break pressure tanks, each of capacity 10m . - Tanks constructed in 1990 (1) Ground level - Location: Buheri-Kasisi road - The stored water - Leaking sections masonry Break junction. Within the same site could be of tanks to be Pressure Tank as BH No.1. contaminated repaired and tank at Borehole No. - Fence: None. through rehabilitated. 1 Site. - Structure: Walls are cracked unprotected vent - All vent pipes to and plaster is broken in several pipe. be fitted with 3 Capacity: 10m sections. - Damaged tank protective mesh. - Tank roof access: Metal cat structure a safety - Fence with ladder is provided. hazard. lockable gate to - Access chambers: Metal ladder - Lack of fence and be provided. mounted on wall of tank. Metal gate gives way to - Clean and paint cover in place; locked although unauthorized entry. rusted metal rusted. - Dirty tank may lead covers. - Washwater disposal: Opening to contamination of - Tank to be washout valve. Discharge to the stored water. regularly cleaned roadside drain - Damaged sections and regular - Tank cleanliness: Tank is not of roof slab of valve maintenance regularly cleaned. chambers a safety observed. - Valve chambers: 2nr chambers hazard. - Rehabilitate valve with sections of roof slab - Safety hazard to chambers. damaged. Metal covers attendants working - All valve available; locked but rusted. in chambers with chambers should - Chambers cleanliness: Soil, stones, soil and always be kept stones, grass and rubbish grass. clean, locked and inside the chambers. structure well - Valves and fittings: Sluice maintained. valves not working. General remark: - Vent pipe not fitted with protective mesh. - Tank is leaking. (2) Ground level - Location: At Malaha-Ingotse - The stored water - Leaking sections masonry Break road junction. could be of tanks to be Pressure Tank - Fence: None. contaminated repaired and tank along Malaha - Structure: Walls are cracked through rehabilitated. Line and plaster is broken in several unprotected vent - All vent pipes to sections. pipe. be fitted with 3 Capacity: 10m - Tank roof access: Metal cat - Damaged tank protective mesh. ladder is provided. structure a safety - Fence with - Access chambers: Metal ladder hazard. lockable gate to mounted on wall of tank. Metal - Lack of fence and be provided. cover in place; locked although gate gives way to - Clean and paint rusted. unauthorized entry. rusted metal - Washwater disposal: Opening - Dirty tank may lead covers. washout valve. Discharge to to contamination of - Tank to be roadside drain the stored water. regularly cleaned - Tank cleanliness: Tank is not - Damaged sections and regular regularly cleaned. of roof slab of valve maintenance - Valve chambers: 2nr chambers chambers a safety observed. CES/MIBP JV 16 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Facility/Activity Observation Environmental Impact Mitigation measures Description with sections of roof slab hazard. - Rehabilitate valve damaged. Metal covers are - Safety hazard to chambers. missing. attendants working - All valve - Chambers cleanliness: Soil, in chambers with chambers should stones, grass and rubbish stones, soil and always be kept inside the chambers. grass. clean, locked and - Valves and fittings: Sluice - Lack of covers to structure well valves are both working. chambers a safety maintained. - Site maintenance: Site is bushy hazard. - Missing covers to with overgrown grass and - Overgrown grass be replaced. sugarcane grown around it. and may form a - Grass and weeds habitat for to be cut and General remark: dangerous snakes. proper site - Vent pipe not fitted with maintenance protective mesh. observed. - Tank is leaking. (3) Incidents: - Past Occurrence: None. - Lack of record - Record books to - Records: None. books hampers the be kept. - Type of Record Books Kept: monitoring of - Warning sign to None. activities and be installed for - First aid equipment: None. people accessing trespassers. - Warning sign: None. tank sites. DISTRIBUTION NETWORK (1) Pipeline - Material: uPVC and Galvanized - Lack of fire - Fire hydrants to Mild Steel. hydrants in the be installed and - Age: Laid in 1990. network a safety frequent pressure - Valves and Fittings: Several are hazard. tests conducted. leaking. - Exposed pipes - Faulty valves to - Fire hydrants: None. make them prone be replaced. - Pipeline: Some sections are to vandalism and - Provide cover to exposed, making them prone to subsequent exposed pipes by vandalism. contamination of re-laying and disinfected water. backfilling in trenches. (2) Chambers - Number: Approximately 40 - Missing/broken - Missing/broken within the network. covers is a safety covers to be - Chamber Covers: Several are hazard. replaced. missing/broken. - Broken chambers a - Broken chambers - Chambers structure: Several safety hazard. to be repaired / chambers have broken walls. - Safety hazard to reconstructed. - Cleanliness of chambers: Most attendants working - All valve are dirty with soil, stones and in chambers with chambers should rubbish. stones, soil and always be kept grass. clean, locked and structure well maintained. (3) Marker posts - General remarks: Several - Missing/broken missing/broken. marker posts to be replaced. (4) Water Kiosks - Number: 4nr. - Leaking roofs, - Water kiosks to - Structure: Masonry structure broken/missing be rehabilitated. with asbestos roof tiles. Roofs doors and are leaking through holes made windows, untidy by stones/vandals. water kiosks pose - Cleanliness: Floors and walls safety and health dirty. hazards. - Doors: Wooden, many have been vandalized. - Windows: Wooden, many have been vandalized. - Usage: None of the water kiosks is presently in use. CES/MIBP JV 17 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO PROJECT DESCRIPTION Scope of Project The Final Design for Construction of New Water Supply System for Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Towns is based on the Feasibility Report - Rural Water and Sanitation Schemes prepared by CES/GFA/MIBP Consulting Engineers (February 2007). The Works to be undertaken are as follows: Butere Works • Rehabilitation Works: − Rehabilitation of existing 4 Nr Boreholes including cleaning and developing of Borehole and provision of suitable Control Panel, − Rehabilitation of existing Transmission Main, Storage Tank and Distribution Network. • New Works: − Development of 4 Nr Production Boreholes, approximate depth 60m - 70m, each with estimated total yield of 29m3/hr, including installation of pumps, control panels, site and ancillary works etc. − Borehole Manifold Pipeline – length 2.1km, 80mm dia., ferrous pipe − Pumping Main from Borehole to Elevated Pre-Pressed Steel Tank– 50mm dia. ferrous pipe, total length approximately 100m − 2no.Elevated Pre-Pressed, Steel Tank – total capacity 300m3 • On-Site Sanitation & Hygiene Campaigns − Construction Programme to Build Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines − Artisan Training Programme − Hygiene and Community Awareness Campaigns A Schematic Layout Plan showing location of the Proposed Works including Boreholes, Transmission Mains and Storage Tanks is given in Figure 3.1 on Page 3-3. A Site Layout Plan of a Typical Borehole, Chlorination and Storage Tank Site is given in Figure 3.2 on Page 3-4. Musanda and Navakholo Works Under the Water and Sanitation Improvement Project (WaSSIP) only Rehabilitation of the Existing Water Supply systems for Musanda and Navakholo Trading Centres is to be carried out. The Objective is to Rehabilitate the Existing Water Supply Systems in these two areas to optimise supply. CES/MIBP JV 1 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO The Scope of the Rehabilitation Works is follows: i) Musanda Trading Centre a) Borehole Site – Musanda Primary School Borehole • Development and cleaning to original depth 43m • Construction of Borehole Control Room • Installation of Borehole Control Panel and Switchgear • Ancillary Works e.g. fencing drainage, etc. b) Distribution System • Construction of Water Kiosk (1Nr.) • Rehabilitation of existing Storage Tanks • Rehabilitation of Appurtenances, gate valves, water meters, etc. c) Chlorination Facility • A provision has been allowed for 1Nr. Chlorination Facility at the Borehole Sites, however, implementation will depend on availability of funds ii) Navakholo Trading Centre a) Borehole Site – Bukhari Market • Development and cleaning to original depth - 67m • Construction of Borehole Control Room • Installation of Borehole Control Panel and Switchgear • Ancillary Works e.g. fencing drainage, etc. b) Distribution System • Construction of Water Kiosk (3Nr.) • Rehabilitation of Storage Tanks • Rehabilitation of Appurtenances, gate valves, water meters, etc. c) Chlorination Facility • A provision has been allowed for 1Nr. Chlorination Facility at the Borehole Sites, however, implementation will depend on availability of funds . CES/MIBP JV 2 Figure 3.1 – Schematic Layout Plan of Proposed Butere Water Supply Augmentation Works EIA / EMP CES/MIBP JV 3 BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Figure 3.2 – Site Layout Plan of a Typical Borehole, Chlorination and Storage Tank Site EIA / EMP CES/MIBP JV 4 BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Major Elements of the Surrounding Environment There are no sensitive parts of the natural environment which may be adversely affected by the Project during construction or after completion of the Project. In fact, the proposed works will improve the natural environment considerably and bring it to acceptable levels as leaking appurtenances will be repaired, excavated areas backfilled and planted with natural growth in the area, etc. Measures to Minimize Environmental Impacts In order to minimise the Project’s potential effects on the environment, efforts will be made to do the following: • Disturb as little land as possible. • Store construction materials sheltered from the weather in approved Contractor’s yards. • Efficiently plan the logistical aspects of the work so as to minimise the pollution caused by transport vehicles. Watering of dirt roads wherever required. • Minimise hauling of saturated excavated loads. • Carry out the work in as precise and short time as possible. • Leave the site as clean as or cleaner than the condition that it was initially found in. • Keep the local residents informed, in advance, of works to be carried out in the area. Possible Severity, Distribution and Duration of Environmental Effects Only a localised minor environmental effect is anticipated as a result of this part of the Project. The effects should be of a very short term as the local flora and fauna adjust to the new environment. Potential Negative Impacts and Mitigation Measures The anticipated environmental impacts and their potential mitigation measures are given in Table 4.1 that follows. CES/MIBP JV 1 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Table 4.1- Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures Potential Impact Mitigation Measure Scale of Impact / Remark Construction Impacts • Minor destruction of • There are no protected or ecologically sensitive • Direct, temporary natural habitats, forests natural habitats, forests, wetlands or protected wetlands, vegetation areas in the immediate vicinity of the works that cover, etc will be damaged or exploited by the project construction or operation • Any adjacent wetlands and streams shall be protected from construction site runoff and appropriate filtering and siltation prevention measures shall be undertaken • Landscaping to be done after construction works to blend with the surrounding area • Land to be rehabilitated by planting trees and ornamental bush / flowers on disturbed areas • Vibration, noise, air • Strict control under construction contract to limit • Direct, temporary pollution and dust these impacts to acceptable levels generation by traffic • Watering to be enforced to keep dust levels low and machinery • Use of approved construction plant during normal working hours (daytime only) • Cover to haul trucks carrying excavated material • Construction plant and equipment Machinery to be well maintained to prevent oil spillage, air pollution, etc • Workers to wear masks and ear muffs in sensitive areas • Control speed and operation of construction vehicles • Contractor to have a designated area where maintenance will be carried out that is protected from rain water that would carry oil to the river • Prohibit idling of vehicles • Storage of construction • Strict control by Supervising Engineer to ensure • Direct, temporary material, oil and acceptable storage practices gasoline for machinery • Contractor to have a designated storage area that is protected from rain water • All oil products to be stored and handled carefully • Dumping of excavated • Earthworks have been designed such that cut • Direct, temporary material and fill balance will be maintained (zero mass • Zero mass balance) to avoid disposal of or need for extra balance will material reduce • Dumping to be done at designated sites only construction • During decommissioning stage land to be traffic from and to CES/MIBP JV 2 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Potential Impact Mitigation Measure Scale of Impact / Remark rehabilitated by removing unnecessary materials construction site that shall be covering the land and preventing the significantly natural biodiversity • Soil erosion and • At decommissioning of Contractor’s Yard / other • Direct, temporary Compaction Sites phase, land to be rehabilitated by loosening the soil which would be compacted by the project • Soil conservation structures to be provided over areas prone to soil erosion mostly to reduce impact by run-off • Disruption of normal • Provision of temporary make up pipe pieces and • Direct, temporary water supply and fittings to maintain continuity of supply wastage • Execute flushing and disinfecting affected • Entry of sediments and sections pollutants in the distribution system • Solid Waste • Construction of a central waste collection point • Indirect, Long Generation with bulk storage facilities Term during • The site will have waste receptacles at operation phase convenient points to prevent littering during occupation • During operation phase, waste to be collected and disposed off appropriately • Work camp increases • Awareness workshop for workforces to be held • Direct, temporary pressure on periodically environment, e.g. • Strict control under construction contract firewood cutting, poaching, etc. • Workforce accidents by • Awareness workshop for workforces on safe • Direct, temporary unsafe working working practices, periodically practices, e.g. work in • Strict control by Supervising Engineer to limit ditches, contact with safety hazards wastewater, fire • First Aid Equipment to be provided during the outbreak, etc construction at reasonable places and sites for providing care in case of accidents. • Warning signs, lighting and backfilling trenches as soon as works are completed • Protection rails / warning signs at deep trenches • Well maintained sanitary facilities for the workers and visitors on site • Proper signage to be put in place to notify those CES/MIBP JV 3 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Potential Impact Mitigation Measure Scale of Impact / Remark within areas of Works of the activities and heavy vehicles and to direct traffic • Fire fighting drills to be carried out frequently • Fire fighting emergency response plan to be in place all the time • Fire fighting equipment which is to be regularly maintained, serviced and inspected to be in place • Fire hazard signs and directions to emergency exit, route and assembly point to be indicated in case of fire outbreak Operational Impacts • Pollution by Stored • Safe Storage facilities to be provided. Chemical • Direct, long term Water Treatment Storage areas to be constructed with hardened Chemicals – Chlorine cement screed floor finish with approved epoxy floor coating. Chemical solutions pipes to raw water tanks will be uPVC protective piping. • Pollution by Disposal of • Calcium hypochlorite residual waste to be kept in • Direct, long term chemical sludges - Soak Pits, which will be constructed to drain chlorine. away from river / water courses. • Water treatment will be done at a minimum disinfection / chlorination. • Sludge to be dried and sold or disposed in dumps. Sludge is not expected to contain high percentage of heavy metals as there are no heavy industries in the vicinity. However testing for trace metals to be undertaken regularly before sale of sludge for agricultural use. • Periodic monitoring to be undertaken to ensure that suspended solids and biodegradable organics in sludge discharges will not clog rivers or result in unduly reduced oxygen levels • Testing for heavy metals in dried sludge for sale and in Disposal Pits to be carried out once a year. Where wastewater is to be disposed in rivers / water courses testing of water in the receiving body to be carried out monthly. • Pollution by • Septic Tank to be provided for sanitation • Direct, long term Wastewater Generation and disposal by workers and visitors to Disinfection Sites Socio-Economic, Health and Safety Impacts • Work camp increases • Provision of services for work camp, e.g. • Direct, temporary CES/MIBP JV 4 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Potential Impact Mitigation Measure Scale of Impact / Remark pressure on public transportation to town, on-site water supply etc services e.g. transportation, water demand, etc. • Workforce • Employment of local people for most of the • Indirect, long requirements might workforce requirements. Imported staff limited to term lead to increased skilled staff and permanent employees of immigration of people contractor from other areas into the Town • Increase in sexually • Awareness workshop for workforces to be held • Indirect, long transmitted diseases periodically term e.g. AIDS • Controlled access of outsiders to work camp • Health risks and Injury • All workers to be provided with full protective • Indirect, long to workers on site gear i.e. working boots, overalls, helmets, term during construction goggles, earmuffs, masks and gloves and operation • Well stocked First Aid Kits to be provided within the Site and all construction vehicles. The kits to be fully equipped at all times and managed by a qualified person • Contractor to have workmen’s compensation which is to be compliant with Workmen’s Compensation Act, as well as Ordinances, Regulations and Unions Agreements • Adequate sanitary facilities to be provided and general cleanliness maintained • Food handlers preparing food for the workers at the site to be controlled and monitored to ensure that food is hygienically prepared • Security guards to be provided during construction and operational phase • Adequate lighting and alarm systems installed at strategic points • Safety equipment and fire extinguishers to be provided on-site. To be provided and monitored by LVNWSB • Site to be fenced to prevent access by unauthorised persons • Septic tank provided for sanitation and potable water provided to on-site workers from an elevated tank (existing elevated tanks to be rehabilitated by cleaning and rust-proofing). Staff housing to be fenced off from rest of the Works. CES/MIBP JV 5 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO THE NO-PROJECT OPTION The No-Project Option is considered if the Project would not be implemented according to common EIA-Guidelines with regard to the assessment of benefits and impacts. Generally, it can be stated that the minor adverse impacts caused by the Project construction activities such as impacts on soil, air and vegetation would not occur. During operation, no adverse impacts are foreseen. The No-Project Option however would consequently result in a number of more important negative effects which refer to: - The population of the Towns and their environs will go on suffering from water shortages. - Some population in informal settlements and rural areas will continue drinking water which is at present not treated or subjected to any disinfection processes, resulting in increase of water borne diseases. - Institutions like Schools, Health Centres, etc. will keep on suffering from unreliable treated water supply giving rise to water borne diseases. - The existing appurtenances will not be rehabilitated and will go on deteriorating with all associated environmental risks. - Time used in search of water will not be saved for utilisation in economical activities. - Employment opportunities connected with the Project implementation would not be available. CES/MIBP JV 1 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) As part of an EIA, the Environmental Management and Coordination Act, 1999, requires that an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) be provided. In the EMPs presented in this Chapter, key Impacts and mitigation measures as described in Chapter 4 are summarised. Parties responsible for the various actions and monitoring activities are identified and an indication of the cost involved is given, where possible. Detailed EMPs are given in the following Tables. CES/MIBP JV 1 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Table 6.1: EMP for Planning Phase of Project Issue / Impact Management Actions Performance Monitoring Responsibility Cost Strategy Indicators Requirements Purchase of Land To ensure land • Land valuation to be Lack of Documentation LVNWSB and a series of private land To be for: owners are undertaken and the sites to Complaints owners determined adequately be purchased at current based on - Borehole Sites in compensated market values on basis of market land Butere and the “willing seller, willing buyer�. District Agricultural Officer and crop process values. complies with • Compensation of any the laws of existing crops and trees Kenya destroyed according to present crop valuation. Valuation to be undertaken by District Agricultural Officer Selection of most Ensure • Water Resources Studies N/A Regular Test Consultants - CES/MIBP To be suitable water sustainability of have been carried out which Pumping e.g. determined supply source water supply show the proposed source, Annually at operations source supply from Boreholes, is the stage. most economically viable. • Hydrogeological Field Investigations carried out using Resistivity Sounding Technique established the sustainable yields from the 4 Nr Proposed Borehole Sites 3 ranging between 3 -10 m /hr. 2 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Table 6.2: EMP for Construction Phase of Project Issue / Impact Management Actions Performance Monitoring Responsibility Cost Strategy Indicators Requirements Habitat loss – Provide measures • Habitat loss will be minimized • Presence of • Comparison Contractor, monitored Cost of indigenous construction will result to protect habitats and monitored. a good between by the Supervising tree seedlings for in loss of some flora for flora and fauna • Where possible, no trees will be balance of baseline habitat Engineer. length of and fauna in: the removed. flora and and current transmission route Borehole / Chlorination • Replanting with indigenous fauna habitat estimated to be / Storage Tank Sites plants and trees to be • Lack of • Changes in approx. KShs. 5,000. and along transmission implemented. e.g. indigenous flooding in local runoff pipes routes tree seedlings to be planted project area characteristics along the transmission mains some metres away from the pipeline on either side of the pipeline where permissible. Increased soil Implement Soil erosion induced by excavation • Sediment Daily visual Supervising Engineer. Cost of Preventive erosion – this may technical measures activities to be reduced by sowing of presence in inspection of work measures included in occur along trenches to prevent soil grass. storm sites and storm District Agricultural detailed Bills of for water pipelines erosion channels channels especially Officer Quantities Shoring and support to be provided after heavy rainfall and runoff for Deep water pipeline trenches District Environmental No additional cost. • Lack of complaints Officer Deterioration of soil Implement Top soil to be stockpiled separately • Regenerati Monitoring 3 Supervising Engineer Included in the Bills properties – the measures to from subsoil. After completion of on and re- months, 6 months of Quantities levelling of the protect natural soil works, the top soil to be spread over growth of and 9 months after District Agricultural Borehole / Chlorination properties those areas which can be partially vegetation replacement of soil. Officer No additional cost. / Storage Tank Sites restored in order to facilitate natural If re-growth and and the excavation of regeneration of those areas. regeneration of District Environmental trenches for water material has not Officer pipelines will result in Compaction of soil to be minimized taken place, disturbance of natural by careful stockpiling and separation Contractor to replant soil structure, mixing of of top and sub-soils. All excavated the area. layers and compaction. material to be carefully re-used, replaced and/or levelled and planted up with grass and other indigenous seedlings, as necessary. Deterioration in air Implement • A water bowser will be used to Lack of Daily inspection of Contractor, monitored Compliance included quality – activities measures to miminize dust generation on all complaints work sites by Supervising Engineer in Bills of Quantities such as site clearance minimise air murram (dirt) roads. and Specifications. and excavation at pollution • Vehicle and equipment emissions Borehole / Chlorination to be kept within reasonable No additional cost. / Storage Tank Sites, 3 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Issue / Impact Management Actions Performance Monitoring Responsibility Cost Strategy Indicators Requirements / Storage Tank Sites, limits by maintaining equipment Pipeline trenches, and to manufacturer’s specification. In transportation of addition, Contractors to be materials on unpaved encouraged to use unleaded roads will result in dust petrol and low sulphur diesel emissions (both now available in Kenya) for all vehicles and equipment. Pollution of areas Effective • Wastes to be properly contained Absence of Regular site Supervising Engineer. Specified in the Bills adjacent to management of the in designated areas on the sites waste at sites inspections and of Quantities and construction sies by sites, contractors prior to disposal except in Laboratory Tests District Water Officer. Specifications with a construction waste yards and storage • Wastes to be regularly cleared designated penalty Clause for materials e.g. used yards from site and disposed of in locations non-compliance. lubricants, oil, paints approved manner and other construction • Staff to be regularly trained and Laboratory No additional cost. materials sensitized on waste management tests Health and Safety of Provide appropriate Ensure Contractor’s staff have Frequency of Daily inspection of Supervising Engineer. Included in the Bills Contractor’s Team safety equipment undergone appropriate training and accidents / work sites of Quantities and and Construction and work ensure appropriate signage and incidents Specifications Work conditions to procedures are used. reduce risk to No additional cost. workers First Aid Equipment to be provided during the construction at reasonable places and sites for providing care in case of accidents. Table 6.3: EMP for Operation Phase of Project 4 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Issue / Impact Management Actions Performance Monitoring Responsibility Cost Strategy Indicators Requirements Improved Water • Ensure all water connections are • Project technical Develop and LVNWSB Cost is variable Supply to the Ensure Project implement an Water Service Provider and primarily metered and financial Project Area operation achieves Evaluation and Council Water Officers dependent on • Minimise water losses. sustainability intended objective Monitoring Plan Community Members allocated budget • Develop Management Plans, • Unaccounted for i.e. improved water form LVNWSB for Maintenance Plans, Evaluation Water levels supply and checking water and Monitoring Plans (UFW) sanitation for area metering and residents • Set management performance • Customer targets feedback losses. Pollution by Provide safe • Safe Storage facilities to be Frequency of Regular inspection LVNWSB / Water No additional cost. Water Treatment storage facilities provided, with appropriate accidents / incidents of storage sites Service Provider Chemicals according to health Personal and (Environment) Storage - Chlorine and safety Protective Equipment (PPE). regulations. • Chemical Storage areas to be constructed with hardened cement screed floor finish with approved epoxy floor coating. Chemical solutions pipes to raw water tanks will be uPVC protective piping. Pollution of • Develop • Calcium hypochlorite, Alum and Favourable Regular Monitoring LVNWSB / Water No additional cost. adjacent land and appropriate Soda Ash residual waste to be environmental health of soil condition of Service Provider water courses by disposal kept in Soak Pits, which will be disposal sites / pits Disposal of practices constructed to drain away from Sludge from • Water Quality river / water courses. Chlorination Testing to • Water treatment will be done Processes. ensure that using minimum amount of potable chemicals. Periodic laboratory standards are tests on raw water to be done to maintained and determine minimum dosage of that any effluent chemicals to be used – alum, meets NEMA’s soda ash, chlorine. standards. • Sludge to be dried and sold or disposed in dumps. Sludge is not expected to contain high percentage of heavy metals as there are no heavy industries in the vicinity. However testing for trace metals to be undertaken 5 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Issue / Impact Management Actions Performance Monitoring Responsibility Cost Strategy Indicators Requirements regularly before sale of sludge for agricultural use. • Periodic monitoring to be undertaken to ensure that suspended solids and biodegradable organics in sludge discharges will not clog rivers or result in unduly reduced oxygen levels • Testing for heavy metals in dried sludge for sale and in Disposal Pits to be carried out once a year. Where wastewater is to be disposed in rivers / water courses testing of water in the receiving body to be carried out monthly. Health and Safety Provide training, • Awareness workshop for staff on Frequency of Daily inspection of LVNWSB / Water To be established of operations appropriate safety safe working practices, accidents / incidents work sites Service Provider at operations staff equipment and periodically phase. work conditions to • First Aid Equipment to be provided reduce risk to for providing care in case of workers accidents. • Fire fighting drills to be carried out frequently and Fire fighting emergency response plan to be in place • Fire hazard signs and directions to emergency exit, route and assembly point to be indicated in case of fire outbreak • Adequate lighting and alarm systems installed at strategic points • Safety equipment and fire extinguishers to be provided on- site and monitored by LVNWSB • Site to be fenced to prevent access by unauthorised persons • Staff housing to be rehabilitated, septic tank provided for sanitation and potable water provided to on- 6 EIA / EMP BUTERE, MUSANDA & NAVAKHOLO Issue / Impact Management Actions Performance Monitoring Responsibility Cost Strategy Indicators Requirements site workers from an elevated tank (existing elevated tanks to be rehabilitated by cleaning and rust- proofing). Staff housing to be fenced off from rest of the Works. Continuing Development of a Formation of a Catchment Protection Improved and Develop and LVNWSB To be established degradation and catchment Association (CPA) urgently required. sustained river flow implement a at operations destruction of protection plan This association should aim to: regime for rivers / Catchment District Forest Officer phase. water catchment ground water in the Monitoring Plan areas in the • Design and execute public region District Water Officer region. awareness campaigns to educate the population on the District Environment importance of the preservation of Officer the forest and natural resources Key Community • Establish a nursery and Members propagate indigenous and exotic species • Systematically re-plant sections of the catchment • Systematically encourage the surrounding communities to embrace farm forestry and plant a mix of indigenous and exotic trees on their farms. Set targets of, for example 10 trees per plot per year. 7 ANNEX 1 MINUTES OF STAKEHOLDERS MEETING JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION SERVICES IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (WASSIP) Water Supply and Sanitation for the Nzoia Cluster Phase III, Step 1 and 2: Rehabilitation and Augmentation of Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Water Supply Systems MINUTES OF STAKEHOLDER’S MEETING HELD ON 21st JULY, 2010 AT ESHUMULI GUEST HOUSE, BUTERE FROM 11:00 HRS PRESENT: Nr. Name Designation/Organization 1. Mr. Peter Sewe Engineer, CES/MIBP JV 2. Mr. Paul Kogo Engineer, CES/MIBP JV 3. Mr. Bernard Mulele District Water Officer, Butere District. 4. Mr. B. K. Cheboswony District Water Officer, Mumias District. 5. Mr. Daniel C. Jakait District Water Officer, Khwisero District. 6. Mr. Enos Mwanza Deputy District Water Officer, Butere District. 7. Mr. Albert S. Kulundu Deputy District Water Officer, Kakamega Central District. 8. Mr. Protus Musawa District Environmental Officer, Butere/Mumias Districts. 9. Mr. Stanley K. Langat Provincial Administration /District Officer, South Wanga District. 10. Mr. Jacob Mumia District Development Officer, Butere District. 11. Mr. Edward B. Wekesa Catchment Development Officer, Water Resources Management Authority, Butere District. 12. Mr. Fredrick Opondo Deputy Public Health Officer, Butere District. 13. Mr. Harrison Mugera Boarding Master, Butere Boys Secondary School. 14. Mr. Julius Shireka Chairman, Musanda Community Piped Water Project. 15. Mr.Francis Mulama Caretaker Chairman, Musanda Community Piped Water Project. 16. Mr. Edwin Namayi Caretaker Clerk, Musanda Community Piped Water Project. 17. Ms. Melsa Khaoya Member, Water Action Group, Butere District. 18. Mr. Gerald M. Siambiri Chairman, Navakholo Water Supply. 19. Mr. Charles Juma Secretary, Navakholo Water Supply. Wambongo 20. Mr. Edward Wabwire Executive Member, Navakholo Water Supply. Wakhura 21. Mr. Francis Mapesa Vice Chairman, Navakholo Water Supply. Wakhura 22. Mr. Lazarus Kwabi Vice Secretary, Navakholo Water Supply. Baserecha 23. Mr. John Nambua O. Clerk, Navakholo Water Supply. 24. Mr. Faustino O. Shitabule Chairman, South Wanga Water Users Association. Page 1 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes 1. INTRODUCTION LVNWSB Representative welcomed all present and after self introduction of all present, explained that the meeting had been convened to receive feedback on the proposed Project - Rehabilitation and Augmentation of Butere, Musanda and Navakholo Water Supply Systems. LVNWSB Representative emphasized that participation of the stakeholders is vital in ensuring success of the Project and asked all present to air their views freely. The agenda of the meeting was set as follows; 1. Consultants Brief on the Proposed Project; 2. Participants’ Comments/Queries/Remarks and Responses by LVNWSB and CES/MIBP JV; 3. Closing Remarks from LVNWSB; 4. Any Other Business. 2. CONSULTANT’S BRIEF ON THE PROPOSED PROJECT CES/MIBP JV Representative gave a brief of the proposed project as follows: A. WATER SUPPLY COMPONENTS 1. Butere Town New Water Supply Facilities Comprising of 4Nr. New Boreholes, Pipelines and Ancillary works will be constructed for Butere. The capacity of the New Borehole System will be 570m3/day. The existing boreholes and pipelines will also be rehabilitated. Briefly, the Project Components are as follows: • Development of 4Nr. Boreholes, approximate depth 60 – 70m, each with estimated yield ranging from 3m3/hr to 8m3/hr, including installation of Pumps, Control Panels and Site & Ancillary Works at each Borehole Site. • Borehole Manifold pipeline – length 2.1km, 80mm dia. ferrous pipe. • 2Nr. 150m3 elevated Pressed Steel Storage Tank including 12m high tower, associated pipework and fittings. Page 2 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes • 3Nr. Chlorination Buildings including equipping with mixing tanks, dosers, mixers, dosing pumps, etc. • Gravity Main – length 4.0km, 100mm dia. ferrous pipe. • Minor Rehabilitation Works at 2nr. existing Boreholes Sites including associated ancillary works. 2. Musanda and Navakholo Trading Centres For Musanda and Navakholo Trading Centres, only Rehabilitation Works for existing boreholes is proposed under the current phase of the Project. Extra funds are being sourced by LVNWSB for Expansion Works. The Rehabilitation Works involve rehabilitation of 1Nr. Existing Borehole in each of the two Trading Centres, rehabilitation of existing Pipelines and Storage Tanks and construction of Water Kiosks. Briefly, the Project Components are as follows: (i) Musanda Trading Centre a) Borehole site - Musanda Primary School Borehole • Development and clearing to original depth 43m; • Construction of Borehole control Room; • Installation of Borehole Control panel and switchgear; • Ancillary works e.g. fencing, drainage, etc. b) Distribution System • Construction of Water Kiosk (1Nr.); • Rehabilitation of existing Storage Tanks; • Rehabilitation of Appurtenances; Gate Valves, Water Meters, etc. c) Chlorination Facility. • A provision has been made for construction of 1 Nr. Chlorination Facility at the Borehole sites. (ii) Navakholo Trading Centre a) Borehole site – Bukhari Market • Development and cleaning to original depth -67m; Page 3 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes • Construction of Borehole Control Room; • Installation of Borehole Control Panel and Switchgear; • Ancillary works e.g. fencing, drainage, etc. b) Distribution System. • Construction of Water Kiosks (3Nr.); • Rehabilitation of Storage Tanks; • Rehabilitation of Appurtenances; Gate Valves, Water Meters, etc. c) Chlorination Facility • A provision has been made for construction of 1nr. Chlorination Facility at the Borehole sites. B. ON-SITE SANITATION. • Construction Programme to Build Ventilated Improved pit Latrines • Artisan Training Programme • Hygiene and community Awareness Campaigns. 3. PARTICIPANTS’ COMMENTS/QUERIES/REMARKS AND RESPONSES BY LVNWSB AND CES/MIBP JV; No NAME AND QUESTION RESPONSE DESIGNATION 1. Mr. Harrison What are the dangers posed Although chlorination was not Mugera, to consumers by supplying being carried out, periodical tests Boarding Master, un-chlorinated water while show that the level of Butere Boys using the existing system? contamination has been negligible Secondary and within acceptable limits. School. However, there has been an increase in rural to urban migration. This has increased the population of persons living in town. Since there is no proper Page 4 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes No NAME AND QUESTION RESPONSE DESIGNATION sewerage, there is likelihood that level of contamination may go high. That is why the Project has undertaken to construct chlorination units. 2. Mr. Fredrick You have mentioned that The role of Public Health Office Opondo, Deputy the project will carry out will be to liaise with the Project Public Health Hygiene and Community Team in carrying out Hygiene and Officer, Butere Awareness Campaigns as Community Awareness Campaigns District. well as Construction as well as identification of programme to build locations for Construction of Ventilated Improved Pit Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines. Latrines. What role will the Public Health Office play? 3. Mr. Edward B. Has the project carried out Environmental Impact Assessment Wekesa, an Environmental Impact for this project has been carried Catchment Assessment for this out. However the Assessment will Development project? not be deemed fully completed Officer, WRMA, before the views of all the affected Butere District. stakeholders is heard and discussed. This meeting serves to record all this views. Are there any plans to The scope of works does not construct sewerage plants? include construction of a sewerage facility. The study carried out shows that the construction of Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines will keep the hygiene situation at manageable levels. What is the status of land LVNWSB is in the process of acquisition especially acquiring any private land deemed where the Boreholes are necessary prior to commencement located? of the Project. 4 Mr. Gerald M. Will the funding cater for All the existing tanks will be Siambiri, enough reservoir tanks rehabilitated. Chairman, since we are encountering Navakholo Water a lot of leakage problems Supply. on the existing tanks? Page 5 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes No NAME AND QUESTION RESPONSE DESIGNATION How will the compensation All the procedures of compensation of the lands affected be shall be carried out based on carried out? government procedures for land acquisition. What is the percentage of The allocation of funds is based on funding between the towns scope of works necessary to ensure of Navakholo & Musanda? potable water provision to each How was it reached at? Town. 5. Mr. B. K. Will the scope of work Our scope of work only entails Cheboswony, include supply of steel rehabilitation. If however, some District Water tanks to replace existing tanks are beyond repair, supply of Officer, Mumias PVC tanks which are equivalent tanks shall be District. leaking? considered based on availability of funds. 6. Mr. Albert S. Even when the Boreholes LVNWSB shall look into policies Kulundu, Deputy in Navakholo are and tariffs, so as to make water District Water rehabilitated, the cost of affordable to consumers with Officer, power is too high. manageable cost of supply. Kakamega Is there any possibility of Central District. looking into other options Other options of power supply are of power supply? wind energy and solar energy, which were not considered because of limited funding. 7. Mr. Gerald M. We have done feasibility of The proposal should also be Siambiri, using solar energy on one submitted to the water Board to Chairman, borehole in Navakholo and consider. Navakholo Water we have drafted a KShs. Supply. 1.5 Million proposal. We have presented this to Lurambi CDF but they say it is too high. Will the board consider this proposal? 8. Mr. Bernard So as to avoid interruptions The contract will be asked to Mulele, District in supply of water during include measures to ensure Water Officer, rehabilitation of the continuous supply of water during Butere District. existing 72m3 reservoir at construction. Butere, will the project supply or build a new one to be used during this Page 6 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes No NAME AND QUESTION RESPONSE DESIGNATION construction period? 9. Mr. Jacob Why can’t we go for The capital cost of a gravity Mumia, District gravity schemes with little scheme that can apply to this are is Development operation cost even with much higher than the funds Officer, Butere the little money we have available. District. rather than boreholes which have high running costs. 10. Mr. Protus What Conservation Planting of trees and vegetation to Musawa, District measures have been minimize surface run-off and thus Environmental planned to ensure that the encourage recharge of underground Officer, source of water for the aquifer. Butere/Mumias Project is sustainable? Districts. Did the Project consider The Project is not a new water other sources of supply? supply system but rather is an If so what are the results of improvement of already existing Cost Benefit Analysis that water supply systems. Majority of made the Consultant the works is rehabilitation with choose the boreholes as minor new works like Chlorination source of supply? Units. 4. CONCLUSION The Stakeholders’ Meeting concluded by unanimous resolution of No Objection to the implementation of the Proposed Project, Rehabilitation and Augmentation of Malaba & Malakisi Water Supply Systems. 5. CLOSING REMARKS LVNWSB Representative, Mr. Bernard Mulele, thanked all the participants for their positive input during the discussions and assured that all concerns raised and recorded will be addressed accordingly. Mr. Mulele further notified that there being no objection to the commencement of the construction phase of the Project, the Project is expected to commence before the end of the year and take 12 months to complete. Page 7 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes 6. ANY OTHER BUSINESS There being no other business the meeting concluded at 12:15 Hrs with prayers from Ms. Melsa Khaoya. Notes by Paul Kogo CES / MIBP JV Attachments: 1. Photographs 2. Signed Attendance Lists 3. Copies of Invitation Letters Page 8 of 7 JOINT VENTURE WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION PROGRAMME NZOIA CLUSTER – PHASE III, STEPS 1 AND 2: Four (4) Towns: Butere, Malakisi, Mumias and Kimilili Three (3) Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Clusters and Nine (9) Independent Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Schemes Consultant’s Representative, Mr. Sewe, gives Participants listen to the Consultant’s a Presentation on the Proposed Project. Presentation LVNWSB Representative, Mr. Bernard Some of the Participants at the Meeting Mulele, responds to Participants’ queries at the Meeting E29050EA0P126605740B0AFR0EA0P126637.doc Page 1 of 1 SIGNED ATTENDANCE LIST