Uttar Pradesh Gender Gender gaps in Uttar Pradesh are high and persistent. The state has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality. The child sex ratio is low and declining. The share of women participating in the labor force is among the lowest in the country. Rural women have limited access to non-farm jobs and very few urban women work. And although more women complete secondary education in Uttar Pradesh as compared to other low income states, a little over half are illiterate. The closing of gender gaps in schooling and improvement in maternal mortality are gains toward gender equity. Child sex ratio in Uttar Pradesh is lower than the national average Child sex ratio, 2011 (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 972 970 970 969 964 962 957 957 956 948 948 950 943 943 942 941 939 936 935 919 918 909 902 900 894 890 890 888 871 862 850 846 834 800 AR MG MZ CG KL AS SK TR WB KA JH NL TN GA OD AP MN BH AI MP HP UP MH GJ UK RJ DL JK PJ HR Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. Uttar Pradesh’s child sex ratio is deteriorating Child sex ratio, (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 950 927 916 900 902 850 800 1991 2001 2011 1 May 20, 2016 Uttar Pradesh Gender Maternal health in Uttar Pradesh is improving Maternal mortality ratio maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 600 517 500 400 359 300 285 200 100 0 2003 2009 2013 Uttar Pradesh’s maternal mortality ratio is among the highest in the country Maternal mortality ratio, 2013 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 300 300 285 285 244 221 221 222 208 208 200 167 141 127 133 112 113 100 92 79 68 61 0 KL MH TN AP GJ WB HR KA PJ AI BH JH MP CG OD RJ UP UK AS Data for 19 large states and All India. Low income states are highlighted in orange and AI is All India. 2 May 20, 2016 Uttar Pradesh Gender Secondary education attainment of adult females in Uttar Pradesh lags behind the national average Secondary education attainment among women, 2012 (% adults) 70 60 57 52 50 46 43 41 40 38 38 35 34 34 33 31 30 30 28 28 26 26 26 26 22 21 21 20 20 20 20 16 16 16 15 14 10 0 DL GA NL KL HP MN PJ MH TN HR KA UK MG MZ AR JK AP AI GJ SK AS UP JH WB MP CG OD RJ BH TR Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. Adult women have less education than adult men in Uttar Pradesh, rural women lag behind urban Education attainment, 2012 (% adults) 60 53 50 Rural Females 40 58 14 12 15 34 30 27 21 Urban Females 20 19 20 14 35 14 12 39 12 10 0 Males Females 0 20 40 60 80 100 ■ Illiterate ■ Literate or primary school completed ■ Middle school completed ■ Secondary school or higher completed 3 May 20, 2016 Uttar Pradesh Gender Gender gaps in schooling narrowing for younger groups in Uttar Pradesh Enrolled in education institutes, (%) 2005 21-23 5 14 9 Female Male 18-20 17 30 13 15-17 46 59 13 Age 12-14 69 80 11 9-11 84 90 6 6-8 74 78 4 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Enrolled in education institutes, (%) 2012 21-23 14 20 6 Female Male 18-20 33 43 10 15-17 62 69 7 Age 12-14 84 88 4 9-11 91 94 3 6-8 81 84 3 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 4 May 20, 2016 Uttar Pradesh Gender Female labor force participation in Uttar Pradesh is among the lowest in the country Female labor force participation rate, 2012 (%) 70 63 63 60 55 55 49 50 47 43 41 40 40 38 38 37 37 36 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 27 25 25 25 24 20 19 17 15 10 9 0 HP SK CG MG MZ AP RJ NL TN MH AR TR UK MN KA OD JK KL AI MP GJ PJ JH WB UP GA HR AS DL BH Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. Decline in female labor force participation in Uttar Pradesh after 2005, mainly in rural areas Labor force participation rate, (%) 100 89 85 82 80 79 80 78 Rural Male 60 Urban Male Rural Female 39 40 Urban Female 32 27 20 16 17 15 0 1993-94 2004-05 2011-12 5 May 20, 2016 Uttar Pradesh Gender Vast majority of women in rural Uttar Pradesh work in farming, more non-farm jobs for men Share of employed, 2012 (%) Rural Males Rural Females 4 4 20 9 7 57 16 83 ■ Farm - All ■ Non-farm Self Employed ■ Non-farm Salaried ■ Non-farm Casual Wage Urban women in Uttar Pradesh have fewer salaried jobs than urban men Share of employed, 2012 (%) Urban Males Urban Females 8 7 16 14 22 30 46 57 ■ Farm - All ■ Non-farm Self Employed ■ Non-farm Salaried ■ Non-farm Casual Wage 6 May 20, 2016