Educati Viviana V. Roset Data Set Each tab contains 52 v - Skills acquisition his - Background conditio - Self-reported cognit - Self-reported socio- - Self-repored job-rel - Labor market outco All variables are organ Skills Measurement H at 0 as the lowest and For a detailed descrip https://openknowled four categories: (1) Le respondents in urban the specific question u questions asked as an Citation “Roseth, Viviana; Valeri World Bank. For more inform Viviana V. Roset Alexandria Valer Last update: June Education, Skills and Labor Market Outcom Viviana V. Roseth, Alexandria Valerio and Carla Solis Data Set 2 - Variables by Reading Proficiency Each tab contains 52 variables that cover: - Skills acquisition history - Background conditions - Self-reported cognitive skills - Self-reported socio-emotional skills - Self-repored job-relvant skills - Labor market outcomes All variables are organized by reading proficiency, as assessed by an extended reading assessment applied in eight out of the Skills Measurement Household Survey in 2012 and 2013. The designer of this assessment, Educational Testing Services (ETS), at 0 as the lowest and going up to 5 as the highest. For a description of abilities at each proficiency level, please go to the sec For a detailed description of any of the variables included in this file please consult "Education, Skills and Labor Market Outco https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/24276. Given the small proportion of respondents at both extremes o four categories: (1) Levels 0-1; (2) Level 2; (3) Level 3; and (4) Levels 4-5. Data are presented for two specific age groups: all ad respondents in urban areas, and youth, which includes only data from respondents between the 15 - 24 age range. To the ex the specific question used to gather the data. However, for the various cases in which data depend on the answers to multipl questions asked as an example. For full access to the questionnaire and datasets, please visit: http://microdata.worldbank.or “Roseth, Viviana; Valerio, Alexandria; Gutierrez, Marcela. 2016. Education, Skills and Labor Market Outcomes, Data Set 2 - Variables by R World Bank. For more information, please contact: Viviana V. Roseth: vvroseth@worldbank.org Alexandria Valerio: avalerio@worldbank.org Last update: June 27, 2016 Outcomes iciency ied in eight out of the twelve countries that implemented the STEP Testing Services (ETS), classifies the results into 6 literacy levels, starting el, please go to the second tab in this file ("Reading proficiency levels"). nd Labor Market Outcomes", available at: nts at both extremes of the 0-5 range, data in this file are grouped into ecific age groups: all adults, which encompases answers of all 4 age range. To the extent possible, each variable is accompanied with the answers to multiple questions, the table includes only one of the icrodata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/step ata Set 2 - Variables by Reading Proficiency. Washington, DC: World Bank. © Reading Proficiency Levels as Determined by Educational Testing Services (ETS) Literacy Below Level 1 The tasks at this level require the respondent to read brief texts on familiar topics to locate a single piece of specific information. required, and the reader is not required to understand the structure of sentences or paragraphs or make use of other text featur information in the text and the requested information is identical in form to information in the question or directive. While the text located as if the text were noncontinuous. Tasks below Level 1 do not make use of any features specific to digital texts. Literacy Level 1 Most of the tasks at this level require the respondent to read relatively short digital or print continuous, noncontinuous or mixed t which is identical to or synonymous with the information given in the question or directive. Some tasks may require the responde document, in the case of some noncontinuous texts. Little, if any, competing information is present. Some tasks may require sim information. Knowledge and skill in recognizing basic vocabulary, evaluating the meaning of sentences, and reading of paragrap Literacy Level 2 At this level, the complexity of text increases. The medium of texts may be digital or printed, and texts may comprise continuous this level require respondents to make matches between the text and information, and may require paraphrase or low-level infer information may be present. Some tasks require the respondent to: • cycle through or integrate two or more pieces of information based on criteria, • compare and contrast or reason about information requested in the question, or • navigate within digital texts to access and identify information from various parts of a document. Literacy Level 3 Texts at this level are often dense or lengthy, including continuous, noncontinuous, mixed or multiple pages. Understanding text central to successfully completing tasks, especially in navigation of complex digital texts. Tasks require the respondent to identif of information and often require varying levels of inferencing. Many tasks require the respondent construct meaning across large operations in order to identify and formulate responses. Often tasks also demand that the respondent disregard irrelevant or ina accurately. Competing information is often present, but it is not more prominent than the correct information. Literacy Level 4 Tasks at this level often require respondents to perform multiple-step operations to integrate, interpret, or synthesize information noncontinuous, mixed, or multiple type texts. Complex inferences and application of background knowledge may be needed to p identifying and understanding one or more specific, non-central ideas in the text in order to interpret or evaluate subtle evidence relationships. Conditional information is frequently present in tasks at this level and must be taken into consideration by the resp and sometimes seemingly as prominent as correct information. Literacy Level 5 At this level, tasks may require the respondent to search for and integrate information across multiple, dense texts; construct sy points of view; or evaluate evidence-based arguments. Application and evaluation of logical and conceptual models of ideas ma Evaluating reliability of evidentiary sources and selecting key information is frequently a key requirement. Tasks often require re cues and to make high-level inferences or use specialized background knowledge. vices (ETS) 0 to 175 ce of specific information. Only basic vocabulary knowledge is e use of other text features. There is seldom any competing r directive. While the texts can be continuous, the information can be c to digital texts. 176 to 225 noncontinuous or mixed texts to locate a single piece of information may require the respondent to enter personal information into a me tasks may require simple cycling through more than one piece of , and reading of paragraph text is expected. 226 to 275 may comprise continuous, noncontinuous or mixed types. Tasks in aphrase or low-level inferences. Some competing pieces of 276 to 325 ages. Understanding text and rhetorical structures become more the respondent to identify, interpret or evaluate one or more pieces uct meaning across larger chunks of text or perform multistep disregard irrelevant or inappropriate text content to answer ation. 326 to 375 or synthesize information from complex or lengthy continuous, edge may be needed to perform successfully. Many tasks require evaluate subtle evidence claim or persuasive discourse consideration by the respondent. Competing information is present 376 to 500 dense texts; construct syntheses of similar and contrasting ideas or ptual models of ideas may be required to accomplish tasks. nt. Tasks often require respondents to be aware of subtle, rhetorical All adults (age (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 19.5% 2.0% 9.548 0 204 54.9% 2.2% 25.107 Yes 14.8% 1.4% 10.424 0 221 55.5% 2.1% 26.897 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 16.6% 1.3% 12.416 0 413 55.3% 1.7% 32.475 Private 19.3% 8.7% 2.229 0.026 6 60.9% 10.1% 6.03 Other 14.4% 6.8% 2.116 0.034 6 43.9% 9.1% 4.803 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 16.5% 1.3% 12.934 0 414 55.2% 1.7% 31.624 Yes 23.7% 7.0% 3.366 0.001 12 57.7% 7.3% 7.938 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills trainin No 17.2% 1.4% 12.69 0 420 55.3% 1.8% 31.417 Yes 9.0% 3.3% 2.738 0.006 7 54.5% 5.0% 10.936 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someon No 16.4% 1.3% 12.259 0 381 55.2% 1.9% 29.832 Yes 19.5% 3.4% 5.808 0 46 55.0% 4.1% 13.44 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal edu No 17.0% 1.4% 11.978 0 410 55.2% 1.8% 30.14 Yes 12.6% 3.9% 3.243 0.001 17 54.8% 5.9% 9.324 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 48% 0.034 13.933 0 41% 0.016 24.682 0 Yes 52% 0.034 15.284 0 59% 0.016 35.951 0 Total 100% 100% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 97.0% 1.1% 84.347 0 97.2% 0.5% 187.173 0 Private 1.7% 0.8% 1.993 0.046 1.6% 0.4% 3.96 0 Other 1.4% 0.7% 1.915 0.056 1.2% 0.3% 3.668 0 Total 100% 100% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 96% 0.012 82.043 0 97% 0.005 189.322 0 Yes 4% 0.012 3.37 0.001 3% 0.005 5.669 0 Total 100% 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills trainin formal educational system)? No 96.7% 1.2% 79.171 0.0% 94.0% 0.007 126.198 0 Yes 3.3% 1.2% 2.702 0.7% 6.0% 0.007 8.118 0 Total 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someon No 88.2% 2.0% 43.716 0.0% 89.9% 0.011 81.6 0 Yes 11.8% 2.0% 5.866 0.0% 10.1% 0.011 9.194 0 Total 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal edu No 94.8% 1.7% 56.205 0.0% 93.1% 0.01 88.887 0 Yes 5.2% 1.7% 3.093 0.2% 6.9% 0.01 6.543 0 Total 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 17.7% 2.3% 7.845 0 136 54.1% 2.6% 21.088 Female 16.3% 1.4% 11.434 0 291 55.7% 1.9% 29.001 Age 15-24 12.1% 2.1% 5.792 0 54 54.9% 3.3% 16.497 25-34 14.6% 2.0% 7.225 0 80 56.8% 3.0% 18.639 35-44 13.6% 2.1% 6.402 0 55 57.7% 3.4% 17.018 45-54 20.3% 2.6% 7.934 0 105 54.1% 3.0% 18.14 55+ 24.2% 3.0% 8.048 0 133 52.4% 3.1% 17.03 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 33.7% 5.9% 5.752 0 49 49.2% 6.2% 7.973 Secondary 19.5% 1.8% 10.686 0 221 56.0% 2.2% 25.186 Tertiary 11.7% 1.3% 8.644 0 125 55.1% 2.4% 22.932 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 17.7% 7.4% 2.414 0.016 9 49.9% 9.8% 5.097 Secondary 20.0% 4.0% 4.965 0 29 58.0% 5.3% 11.002 Tertiary 7.7% 2.8% 2.708 0.007 17 55.5% 5.2% 10.755 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TEN Low SES 23.8% 4.6% 5.13 0 61 52.4% 5.7% 9.157 Middle SES 16.8% 1.6% 10.203 0 218 53.1% 2.3% 23.136 High SES 15.0% 1.8% 8.408 0 144 58.6% 2.4% 24.797 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as t problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastroph No shocks 16.1% 1.4% 11.543 0 319 56.3% 1.8% 31.243 One shock 17.6% 3.2% 5.441 0 56 50.8% 3.8% 13.217 Two or more shocks 20.1% 4.2% 4.801 0 47 53.5% 5.4% 9.988 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis No 15.5% 1.3% 11.821 0 316 55.8% 1.7% 32.322 Yes 22.3% 2.8% 8.091 0 111 52.6% 3.6% 14.635 Household Asset Index Low 18.9% 2.4% 8.002 0 157 50.6% 2.9% 17.507 Medium 14.9% 2.2% 6.854 0 136 53.9% 3.0% 18.267 High 16.3% 2.2% 7.283 0 134 61.1% 2.4% 25.287 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) 1 19.3% 3.5% 5.562 0 51 48.9% 4.9% 9.89 2 19.9% 4.7% 4.281 0 28 55.0% 5.5% 10.031 3 20.4% 3.5% 5.797 0 51 49.2% 4.5% 11.027 4 19.2% 3.9% 4.928 0 35 57.6% 4.5% 12.895 5 17.0% 2.3% 7.466 0 96 55.1% 3.0% 18.549 6 13.2% 3.0% 4.456 0 35 57.6% 4.1% 14.202 7 15.5% 3.3% 4.634 0 54 59.6% 3.5% 17.176 8 14.6% 2.8% 5.171 0 37 54.1% 4.0% 13.39 9 13.6% 4.7% 2.9 0.004 11 55.9% 7.1% 7.907 10 17.1% 3.6% 4.738 0 29 56.2% 5.2% 10.887 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 32% 0.033 9.632 0 29% 0.015 19.384 0 Female 68% 0.033 20.886 0 71% 0.015 47.114 0 Total 100% 0.1 30.5 0.0 100% 0.0 66.5 0.0 Age 15-24 16% 0.024 6.619 0 22% 0.013 16.42 0 25-34 20% 0.026 7.706 0 24% 0.015 16.156 0 35-44 14% 0.02 6.916 0 18% 0.012 14.402 0 45-54 25% 0.025 9.819 0 20% 0.012 16.855 0 55+ 25% 0.027 9.251 0 17% 0.013 12.794 0 Total 100% 100% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 10% 0.018 5.483 0 4% 0.007 6.297 0 Secondary 55% 0.033 16.758 0 47% 0.019 24.51 0 Tertiary 35% 0.031 11.238 0 49% 0.02 24.936 0 Total 100% 100% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 15% 0.061 2.489 0.013 10% 0.024 4.165 0 Secondary 56% 0.084 6.623 0 39% 0.04 9.814 0 Tertiary 29% 0.084 3.449 0.001 51% 0.038 13.486 0 Total 100% 100% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TEN family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 13% 0.026 4.964 0 8% 0.012 7.113 0 Middle SES 52% 0.036 14.43 0 49% 0.022 22.061 0 High SES 36% 0.034 10.486 0 42% 0.023 18.188 0 Total 100% 100% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as t member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family busine catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 74% 0.035 20.926 0 78% 0.019 41.641 0 One shock 16% 0.03 5.1 0 14% 0.013 10.153 0 Two or more shocks 10% 0.025 4.224 0 8% 0.013 6.416 0 Total 100% 100% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis No 76.6% 2.6% 29.915 0 83.3% 1.3% 62.301 0 Yes 23.4% 2.6% 9.131 0 16.7% 1.3% 12.524 0 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 38% 0.048 7.917 0 31% 0.031 9.965 0 Medium 30% 0.044 6.798 0 33% 0.026 12.342 0 High 32% 0.048 6.702 0 37% 0.032 11.663 0 Total 100% 100% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) 1 8.2% 1.5% 5.596 0 6.3% 0.9% 7.138 0 2 5.8% 1.5% 3.944 0 4.8% 0.7% 7.395 0 3 10.5% 1.8% 5.796 0 7.7% 0.9% 8.864 0 4 9.2% 1.8% 5 0 8.4% 1.0% 8.854 0 5 23.6% 2.6% 9.095 0 23.3% 1.5% 15.245 0 6 8.5% 1.9% 4.525 0 11.3% 1.0% 10.935 0 7 11.6% 2.5% 4.643 0 13.5% 1.1% 11.785 0 8 11.0% 2.2% 5.045 0 12.4% 1.1% 10.939 0 9 3.3% 1.1% 2.952 0.003 4.2% 0.7% 6.036 0 10 8.1% 1.6% 4.986 0 8.1% 1.0% 7.864 0 100% 100% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document t skill not used 23.3% 2.2% 10.525 0 239 54.3% 2.6% 21.064 low 14.5% 2.0% 7.195 0 113 55.0% 2.6% 21.299 medium 10.3% 2.0% 5.136 0 42 59.6% 4.0% 14.87 high 11.0% 2.6% 4.211 0 30 54.7% 4.1% 13.345 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? M percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 36.5% 6.6% 5.575 0 53 51.5% 6.5% 7.889 low 19.3% 1.7% 11.437 0 296 58.1% 1.9% 29.806 medium 10.3% 1.5% 6.821 0 53 50.8% 3.2% 15.673 high 8.3% 2.1% 3.909 0 22 52.3% 4.1% 12.718 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the skill not used 22.4% 2.6% 8.653 0 154 56.0% 3.0% 18.913 low 21.2% 3.2% 6.676 0 84 57.2% 3.3% 17.411 medium 16.6% 2.7% 6.065 0 81 59.6% 3.0% 19.97 high 11.1% 1.8% 6.33 0 103 52.0% 2.9% 17.99 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document t skill not used 53.0% 3.7% 14.489 0 37.2% 2.0% 18.184 0 low 29.3% 3.4% 8.589 0 33.7% 2.0% 17.227 0 medium 9.9% 2.0% 5.074 0 17.4% 1.5% 11.791 0 high 7.8% 1.8% 4.34 0 11.8% 1.3% 9.384 0 Total 100% 100% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? M calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advan etc.? skill not used 12.3% 2.5% 4.927 0 5.2% 0.9% 6.018 0 low 66.4% 3.1% 21.385 0 60.5% 2.0% 29.719 0 medium 15.0% 2.2% 6.77 0 22.3% 1.9% 11.801 0 high 6.3% 1.6% 4.015 0 12.0% 1.3% 8.894 0 Total 100% 100% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the skill not used 34.1% 3.8% 9.011 0 25.8% 1.9% 13.752 0 low 20.0% 2.8% 7.162 0 16.3% 1.3% 12.444 0 medium 21.2% 3.3% 6.516 0 23.0% 1.5% 14.874 0 high 24.6% 3.5% 7.088 0 35.0% 2.3% 15.323 0 total 100% 100% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 100% 0% 8E+15 0 30 0% 0% . Yes 13% 1% 10.173 0 273 56% 2% 30.266 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 7% 2% 4.524 0 0% 0% . . Yes 93% 2% 56.827 0 100% 0% 8E+15 0 Total 100% 100% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from ot you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 24.9% 4.8% 5.215 0 44 55.6% 6.2% 8.963 low 21.0% 4.3% 4.918 0 31 57.5% 5.1% 11.178 medium 14.2% 2.7% 5.322 0 49 53.8% 3.3% 16.114 high 10.3% 2.8% 3.666 0 17 53.2% 4.0% 13.284 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 23.8% 2.3% 10.203 0 209 54.4% 2.6% 20.619 low 11.7% 3.3% 3.503 0 19 54.3% 4.8% 11.277 medium 15.5% 2.8% 5.557 0 44 59.7% 3.6% 16.651 high 13.4% 1.4% 9.846 0 153 54.8% 2.2% 25.148 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 21.1% 2.5% 8.498 0 118 56.7% 3.0% 18.84 low 6.6% 6.8% 0.958 0.338 1 60.4% 13.5% 4.478 medium 8.1% 5.6% 1.446 0.148 2 46.1% 8.8% 5.22 high 10.7% 2.6% 4.126 0 26 51.9% 3.2% 16.045 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keep CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer low 21.2% 2.5% 8.516 0 118 56.6% 3.0% 18.658 medium 11.1% 3.5% 3.154 0.002 10 51.9% 4.5% 11.552 high 8.6% 2.7% 3.143 0.002 16 52.1% 3.9% 13.484 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 17.9% 2.4% 7.428 0 98 53.9% 3.0% 17.928 no 13.7% 2.4% 5.66 0 49 55.5% 3.5% 15.987 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, student meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 21.8% 3.9% 5.584 0 50 59.8% 4.5% 13.153 low 17.8% 4.9% 3.609 0 11 51.4% 6.9% 7.441 medium 13.2% 3.2% 4.146 0 22 54.7% 4.2% 12.899 high 14.4% 2.5% 5.691 0 64 51.9% 3.4% 15.261 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 poun skill not used 16.1% 3.0% 5.327 0 40 46.4% 4.3% 10.829 low 11.7% 2.7% 4.315 0 28 56.1% 4.2% 13.34 medium 19.9% 3.5% 5.624 0 37 55.0% 4.8% 11.456 high 19.9% 4.1% 4.828 0 42 59.5% 5.2% 11.329 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from ot how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinkin skill not used 26.3% 4.6% 5.728 0 17.4% 2.3% 7.659 0 low 23.0% 4.4% 5.168 0 18.6% 2.0% 9.134 0 medium 33.3% 5.3% 6.282 0 37.5% 2.5% 14.918 0 high 17.5% 4.2% 4.18 0 26.6% 2.3% 11.78 0 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 43.3% 2.8% 15.256 0 30.0% 1.6% 18.689 0 low 4.3% 1.3% 3.438 0.001 6.0% 0.7% 8.315 0 medium 11.0% 1.9% 5.877 0 12.8% 1.1% 11.687 0 high 41.3% 3.1% 13.495 0 51.2% 1.8% 28.331 0 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 73.5% 4.3% 16.897 0 59.4% 2.6% 22.978 0 low 0.8% 0.8% 0.955 0.34 2.1% 0.7% 3.029 0.002 medium 2.8% 2.0% 1.422 0.155 4.8% 1.1% 4.527 0 high 22.9% 4.5% 5.061 0 33.6% 2.5% 13.638 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keep graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other ana computer networks? skill not used 74.7% 4.3% 17.31 0 59.5% 2.6% 22.497 0 low 12.6% 3.7% 3.419 0.001 17.6% 1.9% 9.204 0 medium 12.7% 3.7% 3.386 0.001 22.9% 2.1% 11.04 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 70.2% 4.5% 15.705 0 63.6% 2.6% 24.555 0 no 29.8% 4.5% 6.681 0 36.4% 2.6% 14.066 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, student little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 34.5% 6.0% 5.731 0 28.4% 2.6% 10.779 0 low 10.4% 2.8% 3.725 0 9.1% 1.6% 5.841 0 medium 17.0% 3.8% 4.453 0 21.1% 2.2% 9.606 0 high 38.1% 5.3% 7.142 0 41.4% 2.6% 15.661 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 poun skill not used 22.4% 4.1% 5.534 0 19.5% 2.2% 8.645 0 low 22.9% 4.3% 5.345 0 33.1% 2.8% 11.872 0 medium 25.7% 4.7% 5.51 0 21.2% 2.3% 9.418 0 high 29.0% 4.9% 5.872 0 26.2% 2.6% 10.217 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.991 items)0.037 80.375 0 3.039 0.022 136.229 0 different 0.034 Conscientiousness (average of 33.194 items) 95.28 0 3.217 0.024 135.594 0 Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.033 95.177 3.153 0 3.242 0.021 150.815 0 Emotional Stability (average of 3 items) 55.752 different0.042 2.317 0 2.331 0.021 110.538 0 3.246 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.041 78.581 0 3.239 0.027 121.382 0 Grit (average of 3 different items) 3.143 0.037 84.157 0 3.138 0.027 114.646 0 3.164 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.039 80.392 0 3.194 0.026 124.886 0 Hostile Bias (average of 2 different 1.727items) 0.046 37.826 0 1.645 0.027 61.976 0 (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 8.9% 0.008 10.539 0 220 29.8% 0.013 22.178 Yes 7.9% 0.009 8.929 0 207 25.4% 0.013 20.109 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or i an NGO or any other individual? Employed 10.5% 0.012 8.632 0 134 35.2% 0.017 21.182 Unemployed 6.1% 0.008 7.41 0 86 20.4% 0.014 14.735 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a ch Inactive not in education 16.0% 0.019 8.538 0 201 46.1% 0.022 21.385 Inactive and in education 0.9% 0.004 2.251 0.024 6 8.6% 0.011 7.962 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 0.9% 0.004 2.323 0.02 10 1.6% 0.005 3.149 Self-employed 1.7% 0.006 3.014 0.003 16 4.2% 0.008 5.051 Wage worker 13.5% 0.018 7.699 0 106 48.6% 0.022 22.57 Unpaid family worker/other 0.1% 0.002 0.892 0.372 2 0.3% 0.003 1.21 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 10.8% 7.2% 1.497 0.134 1 48.6% 17.3% 2.802 12.1% 2.2% 5.474 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 54 54.2% 3.0% 18.011 Low skilled white collar 18.4% 3.2% 5.672 0 44 55.4% 4.4% 12.5 18.3% Crafts and related trades workers; 4.5% Plant and machine4.064 operator and 0 assemblers 23 55.8% 5.4% 10.375 Elementary occupations 31.4% 9.0% 3.481 0.001 23 54.0% 9.0% 5.985 Skilled agriculture work 62.5% 24.4% 2.558 0.011 3 36.0% 23.6% 1.523 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 15.4% 1.9% 7.912 0 108 55.1% 2.2% 24.52 Yes 26.0% 9.7% 2.668 0.008 10 48.7% 12.3% 3.975 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 24.3% 6.3% 3.838 0 21 51.4% 7.6% 6.746 2-5 17.5% 11.4% 1.54 0.124 3 52.6% 16.9% 3.117 6-15 24.2% 22.2% 1.092 0.275 1 59.4% 27.2% 2.185 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 25.7% 7.8% 3.309 0.001 9 59.0% 9.6% 6.155 Yes, with constraints 15.8% 8.1% 1.946 0.052 12 50.0% 12.5% 4.01 Yes, no constraints 27.2% 10.3% 2.63 0.009 5 43.4% 12.9% 3.35 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Legal skip 16.9% 1.6% 10.375 0 277 55.6% 2.0% 27.508 Unfinished Questionnaire 45.0% 41.3% 1.09 0.276 2 53.3% 40.7% 1.311 Interviewer error 15.3% 19.3% 0.79 0.429 1 73.2% 21.0% 3.487 Not useful at all 25.7% 4.0% 6.364 0 50 56.6% 5.3% 10.76 Somewhat useful 17.6% 4.0% 4.347 0 25 52.1% 5.1% 10.137 Moderately useful 14.6% 5.2% 2.796 0.005 16 59.7% 6.4% 9.356 Very useful 12.7% 2.2% 5.681 0 56 52.9% 2.9% 18.174 1.6% Respondent without formal schooling 3.5% 0.465 0.642 0 62.9% 25.8% 2.438 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someone wou Correct qualification for job 14.2% 2.2% 6.358 0 85 55.4% 2.6% 21.1 Over or underqualified for job 20.7% 3.2% 6.521 0 62 52.9% 4.0% 13.291 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? State employment services agency13.5% 8.7% 1.55 0.121 4 75.0% 11.4% 6.601 38.1% 24.3% Through private employment agency 1.571 0.116 3 53.3% 25.5% 2.094 Through university/school career5.3% office 4.2% 1.271 0.204 1 52.5% 10.3% 5.116 15.5% 2.8% Through social network (friends/relative/other) 5.564 0 41 54.2% 3.8% 14.328 Through media/ internet 21.6% 11.4% 1.9 0.057 5 45.3% 14.1% 3.207 Employer contacted you 16.6% 4.7% 3.56 0 15 55.3% 6.2% 8.908 Contacted employer directly 16.3% 3.2% 5.176 0 37 56.4% 4.0% 14.099 Started own business 24.0% 5.6% 4.282 0 26 48.5% 6.9% 7.027 8.0% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 6.4% with 1.243 employer 0.214 1 58.3% 15.0% 3.874 Other 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 30.0% 50.7% 0.592 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 1.3% 0.9% 1.376 0.169 1.7% 0.7% 2.38 0.017 35.3% 5.2% 6.799 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 47.9% 2.5% 18.882 0 Low skilled white collar 29.9% 5.2% 5.779 0 27.2% 2.2% 12.171 0 15.8% Crafts and related trades workers; 3.6% Plant and machine 4.372 operator and 0 assemblers 14.6% 1.8% 8.135 0 Elementary occupations 16.1% 4.7% 3.386 0.001 8.4% 1.6% 5.257 0 Skilled agriculture work 1.7% 1.1% 1.55 0.121 0.3% 0.2% 1.319 0.187 Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 94.0% 2.6% 36.166 0 96.8% 1.0% 95.734 0 Yes 6.0% 2.6% 2.328 0.02 3.2% 1.0% 3.192 0.001 Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 82.9% 8.1% 10.283 0 78.4% 6.7% 11.735 0 2-5 12.1% 7.4% 1.625 0.104 16.3% 6.4% 2.553 0.011 6-max 5.0% 5.4% 0.928 0.353 5.3% 3.2% 1.676 0.094 Total 100% 100% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 33.0% 10.5% 3.155 0.002 23.7% 7.4% 3.204 0.001 Yes, with constraints 47.5% 12.1% 3.934 0 48.5% 8.1% 5.965 0 Yes, no constraints 19.5% 9.5% 2.065 0.039 27.8% 7.3% 3.792 0 Total 100% 100% Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Legal skip 62.6% 3.4% 18.23 0 62.5% 1.6% 37.949 0 Unfinished questionnaire 0.3% 0.5% 0.673 0.501 0.1% 0.2% 0.783 0.434 Interveiwer error 0.2% 0.3% 0.729 0.466 0.3% 0.1% 2.057 0.04 Not useful at all 12.6% 2.1% 6.123 0 8.4% 1.0% 8.286 0 Somewhat useful 6.0% 1.5% 4.041 0 5.4% 0.7% 7.725 0 Moderately useful 3.8% 1.4% 2.698 0.007 4.7% 0.7% 6.6 0 Very useful 14.5% 2.4% 6.055 0 18.4% 1.3% 14.651 0 0.0% Respondent without formal schooling 0.1% 0.481 0.63 0.3% 0.2% 1.761 0.078 Total 100% 100% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someone wou Correct qualification for job 57.0% 5.5% 10.282 0 67.0% 2.4% 28.218 0 Over or underqualified for job 43.0% 5.5% 7.751 0 33.0% 2.4% 13.882 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? State employment services agency 3.0% 2.1% 1.443 0.149 4.9% 1.1% 4.344 0 Through private employment agency 1.9% 1.5% 1.291 0.197 0.8% 0.5% 1.614 0.107 Through university/school career1.7% office 1.3% 1.25 0.211 4.9% 1.2% 3.968 0 35.3% 4.5% Through social network (friends/relative/other) 7.805 0 36.7% 2.8% 13.281 0 Through media/ internet 3.8% 2.1% 1.772 0.076 2.4% 0.9% 2.495 0.013 Employer contacted you 11.5% 3.4% 3.419 0.001 11.3% 1.8% 6.397 0 Contacted employer directly 25.6% 4.3% 5.893 0 26.2% 2.4% 10.893 0 Started own business 15.7% 4.0% 3.959 0 9.4% 1.6% 5.77 0 1.5% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 1.3% with 1.195 employer 0.232 3.4% 1.2% 2.851 0.004 Other 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.1% 0.2% 0.401 0.688 Total 100% 100% All adults (ages 15-64) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 714 24.2% 2.3% 10.687 0 261 1.5% 0.5% 2.807 0.005 0 1,025.00 27.8% 1.9% 14.347 0 449 1.9% 0.6% 3.283 0.001 0 1,694.00 26.3% 1.8% 14.568 0 687 1.7% 0.4% 3.839 0 0 24 17.2% 6.7% 2.569 0.01 9 2.6% 3.4% 0.761 0.446 0 20 39.5% 9.4% 4.187 0 15 2.2% 3.6% 0.619 0.536 onal level that you started? 0 1,691.00 26.6% 1.8% 14.617 0 698 1.7% 0.4% 3.872 0 0 48 17.6% 5.4% 3.248 0.001 13 1.0% 1.6% 0.626 0.531 work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 0 1,629.00 25.9% 1.8% 14.207 0 654 1.6% 0.4% 3.877 0 0 111 32.9% 5.2% 6.276 0 57 3.6% 2.7% 1.339 0.181 work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 1,553.00 26.6% 1.9% 14.02 0 647 1.8% 0.5% 3.842 0 0 187 24.5% 3.1% 7.846 0 64 1.1% 1.1% 0.987 0.324 cular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 0 1,613.00 26.0% 1.9% 13.862 0 647 1.7% 0.5% 3.758 0 0 127 31.3% 5.2% 5.972 0 64 1.3% 1.1% 1.176 0.24 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 38% 0.022 16.888 0 35% 0.096 3.671 0 62% 0.022 27.967 0 65% 0.096 6.727 0 100% 100% 96.7% 0.7% 136.654 0 95.9% 4.0% 24.175 0 0.9% 0.4% 2.513 0.012 2.2% 2.8% 0.794 0.427 2.3% 0.6% 3.651 0 1.9% 3.1% 0.619 0.536 100% 100% onal level that you started? 98% 0.006 163.89 0 98% 0.025 39.409 0 2% 0.006 3.104 0.002 2% 0.025 0.625 0.532 100% 100% work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the 92.3% 1.3% 72.665 0 87.5% 8.0% 10.889 0 7.7% 1.3% 6.023 0 12.5% 8.0% 1.553 0.12 100% 100% work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 90.6% 1.3% 68.289 0 93.8% 6.0% 15.669 0 9.4% 1.3% 7.117 0 6.2% 6.0% 1.04 0.298 100% 100% cular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 91.8% 1.6% 57.753 0 94.8% 4.5% 21.051 0 8.2% 1.6% 5.171 0 5.2% 4.5% 1.166 0.244 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 481 26.3% 2.3% 11.212 0 205 1.9% 0.8% 2.405 0.016 0 1,259.00 26.4% 1.9% 13.687 0 506 1.7% 0.5% 3.279 0.001 0 318 31.5% 3.1% 10.314 0 169 1.5% 0.7% 2.229 0.026 0 409 26.8% 2.6% 10.405 0 183 1.8% 0.9% 1.94 0.052 0 330 26.7% 3.1% 8.538 0 126 2.0% 0.9% 2.176 0.03 0 356 24.0% 2.8% 8.668 0 136 1.6% 0.8% 2.034 0.042 0 327 21.5% 2.8% 7.781 0 97 1.8% 1.0% 1.851 0.064 0 74 16.4% 5.0% 3.262 0.001 20 0.7% 1.0% 0.645 0.519 0 791 22.9% 2.4% 9.546 0 277 1.6% 0.6% 2.524 0.012 0 822 31.3% 2.1% 14.608 0 398 2.0% 0.5% 3.587 0 0 28 29.3% 7.7% 3.793 0 17 3.1% 3.2% 0.948 0.343 0 118 20.7% 4.0% 5.188 0 36 1.3% 1.2% 1.1 0.271 0 160 35.0% 4.5% 7.744 0 87 1.8% 1.1% 1.651 0.099 est people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0 135 22.9% 4.2% 5.443 0 54 0.9% 0.7% 1.289 0.197 0 846 28.3% 2.3% 12.173 0 380 1.9% 0.5% 3.455 0.001 0 755 24.8% 2.2% 11.174 0 277 1.7% 0.6% 2.704 0.007 cantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol /drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 0 1,376.00 26.0% 1.8% 14.087 0 527 1.7% 0.5% 3.433 0.001 0 236 29.7% 3.8% 7.917 0 120 1.9% 1.2% 1.634 0.102 0 126 24.6% 4.0% 6.08 0 64 1.9% 1.3% 1.472 0.141 heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 1,428.00 26.9% 1.8% 14.826 0 599 1.8% 0.5% 3.507 0 0 312 23.7% 3.1% 7.547 0 112 1.4% 0.9% 1.602 0.109 0 488 27.9% 3.3% 8.359 0 243 2.6% 1.0% 2.618 0.009 0 622 29.1% 2.5% 11.845 0 284 2.0% 0.7% 2.833 0.005 0 630 22.0% 2.3% 9.545 0 184 0.6% 0.3% 1.661 0.097 d on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0 129 28.3% 4.9% 5.81 0 59 3.4% 2.0% 1.738 0.082 0 92 24.8% 5.0% 4.92 0 36 0.3% 0.5% 0.474 0.635 0 142 28.4% 4.2% 6.766 0 67 2.0% 1.2% 1.685 0.092 0 143 21.9% 3.9% 5.634 0 44 1.2% 1.2% 1.004 0.315 0 412 26.2% 2.6% 9.989 0 166 1.7% 0.9% 1.936 0.053 0 189 27.6% 4.1% 6.77 0 80 1.5% 0.9% 1.732 0.083 0 227 23.9% 2.8% 8.597 0 85 1.1% 0.8% 1.34 0.18 0 208 29.5% 3.4% 8.605 0 95 1.9% 1.0% 1.839 0.066 0 69 28.8% 6.0% 4.802 0 36 1.7% 1.7% 0.988 0.323 0 127 24.2% 4.3% 5.604 0 43 2.5% 1.6% 1.586 0.113 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 30% 0.02 14.658 0 32% 0.104 3.105 0.002 70% 0.02 34.653 0 68% 0.104 6.483 0 100% 0.0 49.3 0.0 100% 0.2 9.6 0.0 27% 0.022 11.99 0 19% 0.078 2.447 0.014 23% 0.02 11.789 0 23% 0.097 2.411 0.016 17% 0.017 9.976 0 20% 0.077 2.54 0.011 19% 0.017 10.783 0 19% 0.084 2.307 0.021 14% 0.016 9.038 0 19% 0.088 2.127 0.033 100% 100% 3% 0.009 3.176 0.001 2% 0.03 0.633 0.527 40% 0.028 14.367 0 43% 0.098 4.328 0 58% 0.028 20.662 0 56% 0.094 5.888 0 100% 100% 12% 0.032 3.573 0 20% 0.192 1.048 0.294 27% 0.046 5.778 0 27% 0.205 1.317 0.188 62% 0.053 11.572 0 53% 0.218 2.43 0.015 100% 100% est people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your 8% 0.015 5.249 0 5% 0.036 1.324 0.186 55% 0.027 20.625 0 56% 0.09 6.202 0 38% 0.023 15.983 0 39% 0.09 4.363 0 100% 100% cantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household yment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural 76% 0.021 36.608 0 74% 0.092 8.056 0 17% 0.018 9.366 0 17% 0.093 1.788 0.074 8% 0.012 6.593 0 9% 0.058 1.599 0.11 100% 100% heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 84.2% 1.8% 47.116 0 85.4% 8.5% 10.087 0 15.8% 1.8% 8.817 0 14.6% 8.5% 1.73 0.084 100.0% 100.0% 35% 0.038 9.319 0 50% 0.114 4.352 0 37% 0.032 11.537 0 39% 0.117 3.366 0.001 28% 0.035 7.932 0 11% 0.065 1.679 0.093 100% 100% d on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 7.7% 1.4% 5.318 0 14.1% 7.2% 1.969 0.049 4.6% 1.0% 4.368 0 0.8% 1.7% 0.466 0.641 9.3% 1.3% 7.371 0 10.2% 5.6% 1.82 0.069 6.7% 1.2% 5.565 0 5.9% 5.7% 1.039 0.299 23.2% 2.1% 11.17 0 22.5% 9.4% 2.4 0.016 11.3% 1.5% 7.382 0 9.5% 5.0% 1.898 0.058 11.4% 1.3% 8.509 0 7.7% 5.3% 1.452 0.147 14.1% 1.6% 8.714 0 13.7% 6.9% 2.003 0.045 4.5% 1.0% 4.364 0 4.0% 3.9% 1.028 0.304 7.3% 1.3% 5.658 0 11.5% 6.7% 1.711 0.087 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value e, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 660 21.0% 2.5% 8.404 0 209 1.4% 0.6% 2.381 0.017 0 574 28.7% 2.4% 11.896 0 272 1.8% 0.6% 2.943 0.003 0 311 28.9% 4.0% 7.198 0 125 1.3% 0.7% 1.858 0.063 0 191 32.3% 4.1% 7.954 0 98 2.0% 1.2% 1.714 0.087 nths, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decima lgebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 0 88 11.4% 4.1% 2.78 0.005 17 0.6% 0.6% 0.938 0.348 0 1,054.00 21.6% 1.9% 11.318 0 319 1.0% 0.4% 2.523 0.012 0 401 35.3% 3.4% 10.47 0 235 3.6% 1.4% 2.58 0.01 0 194 37.5% 3.9% 9.58 0 140 1.9% 1.0% 2 0.046 r the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0 448 19.9% 2.9% 6.958 0 123 1.7% 0.8% 2.107 0.035 0 285 20.1% 2.8% 7.237 0 74 1.6% 0.9% 1.666 0.096 0 425 22.8% 3.4% 6.667 0 126 0.9% 0.5% 1.683 0.092 0 568 34.7% 2.7% 13.078 0 368 2.1% 0.8% 2.843 0.004 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value e, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 30.4% 3.1% 9.697 0 33.0% 9.9% 3.334 0.001 37.1% 2.8% 13.342 0 38.9% 10.2% 3.796 0 17.8% 2.3% 7.613 0 13.2% 6.7% 1.972 0.049 14.7% 2.1% 7.07 0 15.0% 7.6% 1.978 0.048 100% 100% nths, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., ny other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, 2.4% 0.9% 2.715 0.007 2.0% 2.1% 0.934 0.35 47.1% 2.8% 16.882 0 33.0% 10.6% 3.109 0.002 32.5% 2.5% 13.091 0 50.8% 12.3% 4.144 0 17.9% 2.1% 8.656 0 14.2% 7.4% 1.923 0.054 100% 100% r the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 19.5% 2.6% 7.425 0 25.4% 10.0% 2.538 0.011 12.2% 1.7% 7.36 0 14.9% 8.1% 1.829 0.067 18.7% 2.6% 7.277 0 11.8% 6.7% 1.763 0.078 49.6% 3.1% 16.233 0 47.9% 11.2% 4.289 0 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value . 0 0% 0% . . 0 0% 0% . . 0 1,626.00 29% 2% 14.801 0 710 2% 1% 3.882 0 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0% 0% . . 0% 0% . . 100% 0% 8E+15 0 100% 0% 8E+15 0 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value ht away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how oft 0 109 17.7% 4.5% 3.908 0 30 1.7% 1.2% 1.455 0.146 0 128 20.7% 3.7% 5.556 0 34 0.8% 0.8% 1.063 0.288 0 243 29.5% 3.3% 8.902 0 108 2.6% 1.2% 2.137 0.033 0 182 33.4% 3.9% 8.516 0 97 3.1% 1.5% 2.073 0.038 0 560 20.7% 2.6% 8.125 0 173 1.2% 0.6% 1.89 0.059 0 104 31.0% 4.7% 6.649 0 50 2.9% 1.6% 1.816 0.069 0 217 23.2% 3.4% 6.822 0 71 1.5% 1.2% 1.265 0.206 0 858 29.9% 2.2% 13.807 0 417 1.9% 0.6% 3.167 0.002 0 390 20.6% 2.7% 7.63 0 113 1.6% 0.8% 1.997 0.046 0 15 30.6% 14.0% 2.184 0.029 8 2.4% 3.7% 0.654 0.513 0 35 38.7% 8.5% 4.558 0 21 7.1% 5.1% 1.383 0.167 0 232 35.0% 3.5% 10.063 0 131 2.5% 1.0% 2.449 0.014 s macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing web oftware programming; managing computer networks? 0 385 20.6% 2.7% 7.508 0 113 1.6% 0.8% 1.999 0.046 0 131 33.8% 4.6% 7.286 0 57 3.3% 1.7% 1.884 0.06 0 149 36.4% 4.2% 8.608 0 101 2.9% 1.4% 2.016 0.044 0 434 25.9% 2.7% 9.423 0 164 2.4% 0.9% 2.677 0.007 0 238 28.8% 3.5% 8.15 0 109 2.0% 1.0% 1.979 0.048 ers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work in 0 185 17.1% 3.3% 5.147 0 43 1.3% 0.9% 1.463 0.143 0 64 27.7% 5.5% 5.011 0 28 3.1% 2.6% 1.182 0.237 0 133 29.3% 4.4% 6.728 0 65 2.8% 1.8% 1.578 0.114 0 288 31.4% 3.1% 10.147 0 137 2.4% 1.0% 2.506 0.012 ft or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0 143 34.0% 3.9% 8.687 0 82 3.5% 1.8% 1.971 0.049 0 224 29.8% 3.6% 8.235 0 104 2.4% 1.4% 1.762 0.078 0 135 22.8% 3.8% 6.018 0 46 2.2% 1.5% 1.436 0.151 0 170 19.7% 4.4% 4.507 0 40 0.9% 0.8% 1.153 0.249 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ht away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out ks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 11.2% 2.6% 4.262 0 13.0% 8.7% 1.491 0.136 13.5% 2.6% 5.273 0 6.3% 5.8% 1.088 0.276 41.5% 3.6% 11.606 0 43.5% 13.8% 3.148 0.002 33.8% 3.7% 9.22 0 37.2% 14.2% 2.623 0.009 100% 100% 23.9% 2.2% 10.633 0 20.6% 9.6% 2.135 0.033 7.2% 1.2% 6.131 0 10.5% 5.2% 2.025 0.043 10.4% 1.5% 6.884 0 10.7% 8.2% 1.314 0.189 58.4% 2.6% 22.907 0 58.2% 9.9% 5.89 0 100% 100% 43.7% 3.7% 11.879 0 40.9% 15.1% 2.708 0.007 2.2% 1.1% 2.003 0.045 2.1% 3.1% 0.674 0.5 8.2% 2.0% 4.084 0 17.9% 11.7% 1.526 0.127 45.9% 3.9% 11.912 0 39.2% 13.9% 2.808 0.005 100.0% 100.1% s macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, ded design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing 44.1% 3.7% 11.9 0 41.7% 15.4% 2.715 0.007 23.3% 3.1% 7.481 0 27.1% 11.9% 2.286 0.022 32.6% 3.6% 9.011 0 31.2% 13.6% 2.288 0.022 100.0% 100.0% 61.8% 3.9% 15.849 0 68.6% 13.4% 5.119 0 38.2% 3.9% 9.794 0 38.2% 3.9% 9.794 0 100.0% 106.8% ers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is people other than co- workers) 16.4% 2.9% 5.653 0 15.1% 9.5% 1.579 0.114 9.9% 2.0% 4.96 0 13.1% 10.2% 1.28 0.201 22.9% 3.2% 7.102 0 25.8% 14.1% 1.831 0.067 50.8% 3.7% 13.759 0 46.0% 13.0% 3.535 0 100.0% 100.0% ft or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 28.9% 3.4% 8.467 0 35.1% 14.3% 2.445 0.014 35.8% 4.0% 8.848 0 34.1% 16.4% 2.074 0.038 17.9% 2.7% 6.502 0 20.6% 13.1% 1.576 0.115 17.5% 3.4% 5.091 0 10.2% 7.9% 1.3 0.194 100.1% 100.0% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 3.069 0.028 111 0 3.032 0.125 24.281 0 3.293 0.033 99.235 0 3.334 0.1 33.226 0 3.287 0.025 131.976 0 3.299 0.083 39.926 0 2.318 0.03 78.2 0 2.389 0.125 19.133 0 3.268 0.03 107.565 0 3.254 0.098 33.099 0 3.147 0.037 85.468 0 3.188 0.115 27.665 0 3.257 0.028 115.498 0 3.375 0.085 39.903 0 1.587 0.034 46.111 0 1.658 0.13 12.72 0 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value way to find a salaried or wage job? 0 949 13.9% 0.011 12.787 0 368 1.0% 0.003 3.463 0.001 0 791 12.4% 0.011 10.928 0 343 0.7% 0.002 2.977 0.003 least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or co 0 625 17.2% 0.016 11.059 0 242 1.4% 0.004 3.219 0.001 0 324 8.7% 0.011 7.838 0 126 0.4% 0.002 1.913 0.056 ork in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a jo g for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 0 684 18.9% 0.018 10.452 0 247 1.1% 0.004 2.59 0.01 0 107 7.9% 0.011 7.347 0 96 0.5% 0.003 1.822 0.068 0.002 18 0.7% 0.004 1.969 0.049 8 0.1% 0.001 0.736 0.462 0 51 1.7% 0.006 2.791 0.005 11 0.3% 0.002 1.241 0.214 0 553 24.1% 0.021 11.35 0 221 1.8% 0.006 3.056 0.002 0.226 3 0.3% 0.003 1.141 0.254 2 0.0% 0. . Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.005 11 38.2% 16.3% 2.349 0.019 9 2.3% 4.2% 0.561 0.575 0 333 31.5% 3.0% 10.32 0 165 2.2% 0.9% 2.438 0.015 0 184 23.5% 3.7% 6.419 0 52 2.7% 1.5% 1.774 0.076 0 88 23.8% 4.6% 5.181 0 32 2.1% 1.4% 1.467 0.142 0 59 13.3% 5.4% 2.47 0.013 15 1.2% 1.2% 1.034 0.301 0.128 2 1.5% 6.6% 0.222 0.824 0 0.0% 0.0% . . se when you set it up or took it over? 0 556 27.5% 2.3% 11.707 0 223 2.0% 0.7% 3.044 0.002 0 18 22.0% 10.4% 2.106 0.035 8 3.2% 4.4% 0.741 0.459 0 54 20.7% 6.6% 3.15 0.002 13 3.5% 2.5% 1.399 0.162 0.002 11 25.9% 14.9% 1.734 0.083 5 4.0% 7.8% 0.511 0.609 0.029 4 16.4% 18.4% 0.891 0.373 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 21 14.7% 6.5% 2.283 0.022 5 0.6% 1.5% 0.404 0.686 0 30 30.8% 12.7% 2.43 0.015 7 3.5% 4.3% 0.811 0.418 0.001 18 21.8% 11.4% 1.921 0.055 7 7.6% 6.8% 1.125 0.26 0 1,061.00 26.1% 2.0% 13.162 0 437 1.4% 0.5% 3.09 0.002 0.19 1 1.7% 8.3% 0.2 0.841 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 6 10.5% 11.5% 0.912 0.362 1 1.0% 4.5% 0.221 0.825 0 154 16.4% 3.7% 4.476 0 31 1.3% 1.2% 1.091 0.275 0 91 26.8% 5.0% 5.396 0 42 3.5% 1.9% 1.822 0.068 0 84 24.3% 5.2% 4.672 0 29 1.4% 1.3% 1.057 0.291 0 336 31.9% 3.0% 10.685 0 170 2.5% 0.9% 2.667 0.008 0.015 7 35.5% 25.2% 1.404 0.16 1 0.0% 0.0% . . hink would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0 451 28.4% 2.5% 11.524 0 196 1.9% 0.7% 2.92 0.004 0 214 23.6% 3.7% 6.385 0 75 2.8% 1.4% 1.996 0.046 0 31 11.4% 5.9% 1.943 0.052 4 0.1% 0.4% 0.219 0.826 0.036 4 8.5% 11.2% 0.761 0.447 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 35 41.4% 9.4% 4.387 0 23 0.9% 2.2% 0.387 0.699 0 218 27.6% 3.9% 7.165 0 93 2.7% 1.2% 2.274 0.023 0.001 14 30.4% 9.2% 3.311 0.001 11 2.7% 3.5% 0.772 0.44 0 70 24.8% 5.7% 4.356 0 23 3.3% 2.7% 1.207 0.227 0 172 26.3% 3.5% 7.58 0 59 0.9% 0.9% 1.093 0.274 0 61 23.9% 6.1% 3.913 0 19 3.6% 2.5% 1.481 0.138 0 20 31.7% 13.6% 2.335 0.02 9 2.1% 3.2% 0.644 0.52 0.554 0 70.0% 50.7% 1.382 0.167 1 0.0% 0.0% . . Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.7% 1.4% 1.924 0.054 2.0% 3.6% 0.554 0.58 56.8% 3.7% 15.251 0 47.7% 14.2% 3.366 0.001 23.6% 3.4% 7.015 0 32.4% 14.8% 2.187 0.029 12.7% 2.4% 5.221 0 13.3% 8.0% 1.675 0.094 4.2% 1.5% 2.722 0.006 4.6% 4.5% 1.024 0.306 0.0% 0.1% 0.218 0.828 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% se when you set it up or took it over? 97.1% 1.4% 69.641 0 94.2% 7.8% 12.03 0 2.9% 1.4% 2.094 0.036 5.8% 7.8% 0.735 0.462 100.0% 100.0% 76.8% 12.6% 6.1 0 85.5% 26.4% 3.236 0.001 19.6% 11.8% 1.665 0.096 14.5% 26.4% 0.55 0.582 3.6% 4.4% 0.833 0.405 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% 28.9% 14.3% 201.5% 4.4% 65.8% 34.2% 1.925 0.054 29.4% 11.5% 2.557 0.011 6.5% 15.9% 0.411 0.681 41.7% 15.3% 2.727 0.006 27.6% 30.4% 0.91 0.363 100% 100% 61.5% 2.4% 26.032 0 50.0% 8.6% 5.788 0 0.0% 0.0% 0.218 0.828 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.1% 0.1% 0.883 0.377 0.1% 0.5% 0.219 0.827 5.1% 1.2% 4.411 0 6.5% 5.8% 1.122 0.262 5.8% 1.1% 5.538 0 11.9% 5.8% 2.064 0.039 4.0% 0.9% 4.535 0 3.7% 3.5% 1.046 0.295 23.2% 1.9% 11.914 0 27.7% 7.0% 3.959 0 0.4% 0.4% 1.112 0.266 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% hink would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 70.1% 3.7% 19.051 0 56.8% 15.1% 3.748 0 29.9% 3.7% 8.135 0 43.2% 15.1% 2.854 0.004 100.0% 100.0% 1.5% 0.8% 1.783 0.075 0.1% 0.6% 0.214 0.83 0.3% 0.4% 0.704 0.481 0.0% 0.0% . . 7.9% 2.1% 3.742 0 1.9% 4.9% 0.384 0.701 38.2% 4.4% 8.765 0 46.1% 12.9% 3.563 0 3.2% 1.1% 2.892 0.004 3.5% 4.5% 0.772 0.44 10.4% 2.6% 4.06 0 16.6% 12.5% 1.331 0.183 25.0% 3.4% 7.311 0 11.2% 10.2% 1.093 0.275 9.4% 2.3% 4.125 0 17.6% 10.4% 1.698 0.089 3.8% 1.9% 2.039 0.041 3.0% 4.8% 0.628 0.53 0.3% 0.4% 0.713 0.476 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mont 14 100% 1,193.00 No 13.7% 3.3% 4.144 0 32 100% 1,727.00 Yes 11.4% 2.3% 5.016 0 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? 44 100% 2,838.00 Public 11.9% 2.0% 5.945 0 1 100% 40 Private 10.9% 17.1% 0.639 0.523 1 100% 42 Other 0.0% 0.0% . . Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational le 45 100% 2,848.00 No 11.3% 1.9% 5.857 0 1 100% 74 Yes 32.4% 14.0% 2.324 0.02 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work- 41 100% 2,744.00 No 0.5% 0.4% 1.3 0.194 5 100% 180 Yes 0.0% 0.0% . . Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work 44 100% 2,625.00 No 0.4% 0.3% 1.421 0.155 2 100% 299 Yes 0.9% 2.7% 0.34 0.734 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular f 43 100% 2,713.00 No 0.5% 0.4% 1.302 0.193 3 100% 211 Yes 0.0% 0.0% . . Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mont No 39.0% 7.6% 5.153 0 Yes 61.0% 7.6% 8.062 0 100% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 98.7% 2.2% 44.497 0 Private 1.3% 2.2% 0.605 0.545 Other 0.0% 0.0% . . Total 100% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational le No 91.6% 3.9% 23.262 0 Yes 8.4% 3.9% 2.142 0.032 Total 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work- the formal educational system)? No 97.2% 2.4% 39.913 0 Yes 2.8% 2.4% 1.131 0.258 Total 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work No 80.9% 6.0% 13.51 0 Yes 19.1% 6.0% 3.2 0.001 Total 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular f No 96.2% 2.8% 34.423 0 Yes 3.8% 2.8% 1.351 0.177 Total 100% (2) Background Conditions Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender 10 100% 832 Male 13.8% 3.1% 4.436 0 36 100% 2,092.00 Female 11.4% 2.2% 5.225 0 Age 5 100% 546 15-24 12.1% 2.1% 5.792 0 11 100% 683 25- 13.4% 6.3% 2.11 0.035 10 100% 521 8 100% 605 12 100% 569 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 0 100% 143 Primary or Less 60.6% 33.8% 1.792 0.073 21 100% 1,310.00 Secondary 17.8% 3.8% 4.703 0 25 100% 1,370.00 Tertiary 8.7% 2.2% 3.898 0 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 2 100% 56 Primary or Less 13.6% 7.8% 1.733 0.083 2 100% 185 Secondary 16.5% 5.0% 3.274 0.001 3 100% 267 Tertiary 6.7% 3.5% 1.92 0.055 Socioeconomic status at age 15 when you were 15 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest pe 3 100% 253 Low SES 15.0% 6.6% 2.287 0.022 24 100% 1,468.00 Middle SES 12.5% 2.4% 5.211 0 19 100% 1,195.00 High SES 11.0% 3.3% 3.338 0.001 Household shocks before age 15 mily breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drou 36 100% 2,258.00 No shocks 10.9% 2.1% 5.094 0 6 100% 418 One shock 17.7% 5.7% 3.118 0.002 4 100% 241 Two or more shocks 10.7% 6.4% 1.691 0.091 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart 40 100% 2,383.00 No 12.0% 2.0% 6.051 0 6 100% 541 Yes 17.9% 11.1% 1.619 0.105 Household Asset Index 23 100% 911 Low 15.8% 3.7% 4.239 0 22 100% 1,064.00 Medium 10.4% 2.8% 3.708 0 1 100% 949 High 10.3% 3.1% 3.318 0.001 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a 9 100% 248 1 23.3% 13.9% 1.671 0.095 0 100% 156 2 4.7% 9.8% 0.482 0.63 5 100% 265 3 20.5% 10.8% 1.908 0.056 2 100% 224 4 9.5% 7.6% 1.254 0.21 12 100% 686 5 13.6% 4.2% 3.243 0.001 2 100% 306 6 5.8% 4.1% 1.413 0.158 4 100% 370 7 11.9% 4.2% 2.815 0.005 4 100% 344 8 10.4% 4.1% 2.56 0.01 1 100% 117 9 8.0% 5.7% 1.395 0.163 7 100% 206 10 16.7% 6.2% 2.718 0.007 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 39.5% 6.5% 6.06 0 Female 60.5% 6.5% 9.263 0 100.0% Age 15-24 89.6% 4.9% 18.285 0 25-34 10.4% 4.9% 2.12 0.034 Total 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 2.8% 2.8% 1.014 0.311 Secondary 50.9% 8.6% 5.931 0 Tertiary 46.3% 8.4% 5.509 0 Total 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 17.2% 9.1% 1.894 0.058 Secondary 52.9% 11.5% 4.581 0 Tertiary 29.9% 11.8% 2.534 0.011 Total 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest pe your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 11.0% 4.6% 2.383 0.017 Middle SES 58.7% 7.8% 7.502 0 High SES 30.3% 7.2% 4.242 0 Total 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 64.2% 9.1% 7.039 0 One shock 27.1% 7.9% 3.441 0.001 Two or more shocks 8.7% 5.3% 1.643 0.1 Total 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart No 96.5% 2.5% 39.339 0 Yes 3.5% 2.5% 1.439 0.15 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 43.7% 8.7% 5.024 0 Medium 28.3% 7.0% 4.033 0 High 28.1% 7.5% 3.763 0 Total 100.1% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a 1 6.7% 4.2% 1.603 0.109 2 0.6% 1.2% 0.473 0.636 3 7.0% 4.0% 1.752 0.08 4 4.2% 3.4% 1.239 0.215 5 21.3% 6.2% 3.456 0.001 6 4.9% 3.4% 1.43 0.153 7 14.6% 5.4% 2.712 0.007 8 16.8% 6.1% 2.754 0.006 9 4.9% 3.5% 1.397 0.162 10 19.0% 6.4% 2.982 0.003 100.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, wha 12 100% 1,120.00 skill not used 17.9% 4.4% 4.048 0 16 100% 975 low 11.6% 3.1% 3.685 0 5 100% 483 medium 6.4% 3.1% 2.066 0.039 7 100% 326 high 11.0% 3.5% 3.164 0.002 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, h percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra 2 100% 160 skill not used 29.6% 10.0% 2.951 0.003 16 100% 1,685.00 low 14.8% 2.9% 5.166 0 25 100% 714 medium 8.4% 2.6% 3.206 0.001 3 100% 359 high 6.2% 2.9% 2.102 0.036 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the 12 100% 737 skill not used 20.9% 5.5% 3.806 0 7 100% 450 low 14.1% 4.8% 2.912 0.004 5 100% 637 medium 14.6% 4.6% 3.161 0.002 17 100% 1,056.00 high 8.3% 2.2% 3.779 0 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, wha skill not used 43.4% 7.7% 5.664 0 low 23.6% 6.0% 3.957 0 medium 10.9% 5.3% 2.057 0.04 high 22.2% 6.2% 3.599 0 Total 100% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, h calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any oth etc.? skill not used 15.8% 5.5% 2.892 0.004 low 56.2% 7.9% 7.078 0 medium 16.4% 4.8% 3.444 0.001 high 11.6% 5.0% 2.316 0.021 Total 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the skill not used 28.3% 6.6% 4.321 0 low 12.0% 4.2% 2.864 0.004 medium 22.9% 6.6% 3.486 0 high 36.7% 7.8% 4.685 0 total 100% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 0 100% 30 No 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 46 100% 2,655.00 Yes 10.8% 2.0% 5.367 0 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 6.0% 3.6% 1.646 0.1 Yes 94.0% 3.6% 25.958 0 Total 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) ould be done. As part of this work, how often do Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right aw you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 3 100% 186 skill not used 9.8% 8.8% 1.11 0.267 3 100% 196 low 23.1% 10.5% 2.192 0.028 9 100% 409 medium 11.7% 5.1% 2.288 0.022 9 100% 305 high 11.3% 7.7% 1.478 0.139 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? 11 100% 953 skill not used 21.1% 6.5% 3.233 0.001 4 100% 177 low 5.3% 6.6% 0.791 0.429 5 100% 337 medium 7.9% 4.7% 1.674 0.094 26 100% 1,454.00 high 11.8% 2.2% 5.461 0 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 11 100% 632 skill not used 17.1% 5.6% 3.079 0.002 1 100% 25 low 5.8% 17.6% 0.333 0.739 3 100% 61 medium 3.5% 7.3% 0.483 0.629 9 100% 398 high 12.0% 4.7% 2.567 0.01 Type of software use at work (score) ware (such as powerpoint); designing websites; Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as mac CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; softwar 11 100% 627 low 17.1% 5.6% 3.079 0.002 6 100% 204 medium 12.8% 6.5% 1.957 0.05 6 100% 272 high 9.3% 5.7% 1.627 0.104 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (su 15 100% 711 yes 12.2% 4.1% 2.967 0.003 9 100% 405 no 17.7% 6.5% 2.725 0.006 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) vement and 10 means much of the work involves Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, fo meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 4 100% 282 skill not used 18.6% 8.5% 2.184 0.029 2 100% 105 low 16.8% 10.4% 1.614 0.107 6 100% 226 medium 8.8% 6.3% 1.39 0.164 12 100% 501 high 12.4% 5.5% 2.24 0.025 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or p 8 100% 273 skill not used 11.0% 7.4% 1.481 0.138 8 100% 364 low 11.9% 5.3% 2.225 0.026 6 100% 224 medium 24.0% 11.5% 2.096 0.036 2 100% 254 high 11.9% 6.0% 1.983 0.047 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right aw how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks tha skill not used 12.6% 10.8% 1.164 0.244 low 31.8% 12.4% 2.571 0.01 medium 38.7% 13.3% 2.902 0.004 high 16.9% 11.5% 1.474 0.14 Total 100.0% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 19.0% 5.5% 3.463 0.001 low 2.0% 2.5% 0.778 0.437 medium 5.3% 3.0% 1.758 0.079 high 73.7% 6.7% 11.075 0 Total 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 60.4% 11.9% 5.085 0 low 1.2% 3.7% 0.316 0.752 medium 1.1% 2.3% 0.478 0.633 high 37.4% 12.1% 3.092 0.002 total 100.1% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as mac graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided d computer networks? skill not used 60.4% 11.9% 5.085 0 low 23.3% 10.3% 2.272 0.023 medium 16.3% 9.9% 1.644 0.1 Total 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (su Yes 59.0% 11.9% 4.959 0 No 41.0% 11.9% 3.441 0.001 Total 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, fo is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with peo skill not used 32.2% 13.3% 2.416 0.016 low 15.3% 9.2% 1.656 0.098 medium 8.9% 6.8% 1.303 0.193 high 43.6% 14.3% 3.047 0.002 total 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or p skill not used 19.5% 11.9% 1.642 0.101 low 29.7% 11.3% 2.623 0.009 medium 32.2% 13.7% 2.352 0.019 high 18.6% 9.8% 1.901 0.057 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different 3.042items) 0.090 33.675 - Conscientiousness (average of 3 items) 43.984 different0.071 3.119 - Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.077 41.215 3.161 - 3 different Emotional Stability (average of 2.363 items) 22.339 0.106 - 3.075 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.096 32.190 - Grit (average of 3 different items) 3.043 0.085 35.732 - 3.183 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.094 33.880 - Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items)0.117 14.099 1.646 - (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to 29 54% 1,566.00 No 5.5% 1.2% 4.576 0 17 46% 1,358.00 Yes 6.7% 1.4% 4.722 0 Employment status xample, a public or private enterprise or company, Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an NGO or any other individual? 22 64% 1,023.00 Employed 7.6% 2.2% 3.483 0 7 36% 543 Unemployed 6.1% 1.8% 3.338 0.001 Educational status of inactive population vice, do not want to work, have found a job which Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for 14 82% 1,146.00 Inactive not in education 8.6% 2.1% 4.114 0 3 18% 212 Inactive and in education 2.6% 1.2% 2.078 0.038 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 1 3% 37 Employer 0.0% 0.0% . . 3 8% 81 Self-employed 5.1% 2.5% 2.031 0.042 18 88% 898 Wage worker 29.0% 5.5% 5.257 0 0 1% 7 Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or 1 100% 22 Military personnel 2.1% 4.6% 0.467 0.641 10 100% 562 6.4% 4.1% 1.573 0.116 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 10 100% 290 Low skilled white collar 22.4% 7.7% 2.917 0.004 2 100% 145 17.9% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 13.4% machine operator 1.331 and assemblers 0.183 1 100% 98 Elementary occupations 6.4% 4.1% 1.57 0.12 0 100% 5 Skilled agriculture work 22.4% 7.7% 2.92 0.00 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise wh 18 100% 905 No 13.3% 4.2% 3.19 0.001 1 100% 37 Yes 0.0% 0.0% . . Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 4 100% 92 myself only 30.4% 22.5% 1.355 0.175 0 100% 19 2-5 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 6 6-15 0.0% 0.0% . . Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? 2 100% 37 0 100% 49 2 100% 32 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 22 100% 1,797.00 Legal skip 11.6% 2.1% 5.409 0 0 100% 3 Unfinished Questionnaire 10.0% 33.2% 0.302 0.763 0 100% 8 Not useful at all 20.5% 8.4% 2.437 0.015 3 100% 238 Somewhat useful 19.2% 8.4% 2.303 0.021 6 100% 164 Moderately useful 7.7% 7.5% 1.023 0.306 1 100% 130 Very useful 10.6% 5.1% 2.083 0.037 14 100% 576 0.0% Respondent without formal schooling 0.0% . . 0 100% 8 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think w 11 100% 743 Correct qualification for job 7.3% 3.6% 2.04 0.041 12 100% 363 Over or underqualified for job 24.1% 7.5% 3.202 0.001 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 0 100% 39 State employment services agency 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 7 30.0% Through private employment agency 50.7% 0.592 0.554 0 100% 59 Through university/school career1.0% office 4.7% 0.222 0.824 10 100% 362 16.9% Through social network (friends/relativ 7.2% 2.356 0.018 1 100% 31 Through media/ internet 26.2% 19.8% 1.323 0.186 4 100% 112 Employer contacted you 19.5% 14.3% 1.363 0.173 2 100% 270 Contacted employer directly 6.0% 5.0% 1.202 0.229 4 100% 110 Started own business 32.2% 27.3% 1.179 0.238 1 100% 31 3.0% Job obtained after training/apprentices 6.6% 0.456 0.648 0 100% 1 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or Military personnel 0.4% 0.9% 0.471 0.638 19.1% 10.9% 1.745 0.081 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians Low skilled white collar 57.5% 14.1% 4.076 0 14.7% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 11.2% machine operator 1.312 and assemblers 0.189 Elementary occupations 8.3% 7.9% 1.043 0.297 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise wh No 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 Yes 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 100.0% 0.0% . . 2-5 0.0% 0.0% . . 6-max 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Legal skip 70.5% 6.5% 10.797 0 Unfinished questionnaire 0.1% 0.4% 0.219 0.827 Not useful at all 8.3% 3.8% 2.219 0.026 Somewhat useful 8.9% 3.9% 2.255 0.024 Moderately useful 2.1% 2.0% 1.014 0.31 Very useful 10.2% 4.5% 2.271 0.023 0.0% Respondent without formal schooling 0.0% . . Total 100% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think w Correct qualification for job 31.7% 13.5% 2.353 0.019 Over or underqualified for job 68.3% 13.5% 5.069 0 Total 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? State employment services agency 0.0% . . 0.019 Through private employment agency1.9% 4.7% 0.403 0.687 Through university/school career0.4% office 1.7% 0.218 0.828 51.6% 16.1% Through social network (friends/relativ 3.2 0.001 Through media/ internet 9.3% 7.8% 1.193 0.233 Employer contacted you 15.8% 11.5% 1.38 0.168 Contacted employer directly 9.8% 8.1% 1.218 0.223 Started own business 10.6% 10.0% 1.061 0.289 0.5% Job obtained after training/apprentices 1.2% 0.467 0.641 Total 99.9% Youth (ages 15-24) Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N arten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 23 53.9% 5.4% 10.005 0 117 30.9% 4.7% 6.583 0 65 37 55.8% 3.7% 15.201 0 243 31.5% 3.3% 9.457 0 121 d you attend your highest education grade? 58 55.2% 3.4% 16.189 0 349 31.4% 3.0% 10.537 0 181 0 85.7% 19.2% 4.463 0 7 3.4% 8.7% 0.397 0.692 0 0 39.3% 22.0% 1.787 0.074 4 60.7% 22.0% 2.765 0.006 5 without completing the highest educational level that you started? 55 55.0% 3.4% 16.129 0 347 32.3% 3.0% 10.814 0 186 4 64.2% 14.8% 4.352 0 13 3.3% 5.2% 0.632 0.527 0 ipated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educat 59 67.0% 3.3% 20.397 0 344 31.1% 3.2% 9.785 0 168 1 56.9% 11.2% 5.087 0 16 40.5% 11.1% 3.659 0 18 eship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 49 65.9% 3.3% 19.703 0 325 32.1% 3.1% 10.367 0 175 11 72.2% 7.5% 9.668 0 35 26.1% 7.3% 3.571 0 11 zed or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 57 67.3% 3.3% 20.233 0 332 30.7% 3.1% 9.813 0 164 3 54.6% 9.5% 5.751 0 28 43.8% 9.3% 4.684 0 22 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat arten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 33.8% 3.3% 10.083 0 34.1% 4.5% 7.617 0 36.3% 20.5% 1.767 66.2% 3.3% 19.771 0 65.9% 4.5% 14.717 0 63.7% 20.5% 3.102 100% 100% 100% d you attend your highest education grade? 96.8% 1.3% 74.586 0 97.2% 1.4% 67.768 0 100.0% 0.0% 8.1E+15 2.2% 1.1% 1.924 0.054 0.2% 0.4% 0.398 0.691 0.0% 0.0% . 1.0% 0.7% 1.44 0.15 2.6% 1.3% 1.973 0.048 0.0% 0.0% . 100% 100% 100% without completing the highest educational level that you started? 96.4% 1.3% 75.043 0 99.7% 0.5% 196.866 0 100.0% 0.0% 8.1E+15 3.6% 1.3% 2.793 0.005 0.3% 0.5% 0.631 0.528 0.0% 0.0% . 100% 100% 100% ipated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of 95.5% 1.3% 74.397 0 93.3% 1.9% 49.111 0 92.8% 14.7% 6.292 4.5% 1.3% 3.502 0 6.7% 1.9% 3.52 0 7.2% 14.7% 0.491 100% 100% 100% eship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 90.6% 2.1% 44.176 0 92.5% 2.2% 41.364 0 94.7% 9.7% 9.762 9.4% 2.1% 4.593 0 7.5% 2.2% 3.337 0.001 5.3% 9.7% 0.547 100% 100% 100% zed or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 92.5% 1.9% 49.487 0 89.2% 2.7% 32.896 0 90.4% 11.5% 7.847 7.5% 1.9% 4.002 0 10.8% 2.7% 3.99 0 9.6% 11.5% 0.834 100% 100% 100% Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N 23 54.1% 4.5% 11.945 0 127 30.6% 4.2% 7.307 0 67 37 55.7% 3.9% 14.164 0 233 31.7% 3.5% 8.999 0 119 54 54.9% 3.3% 16.496 0 318 31.5% 3.1% 10.314 0 169 6 56.9% 9.9% 5.725 0 42 28.7% 8.0% 3.602 0 17 ur mother obtained? 1 15.7% 30.2% 0.521 0.602 0 23.6% 33.8% 0.699 0.485 1 30 57.5% 5.3% 10.88 0 119 23.0% 3.9% 5.949 0 48 25 54.3% 3.9% 13.8 0 230 35.8% 3.6% 9.84 0 130 ur father obtained? 5 54.3% 11.7% 4.656 0 22 29.4% 10.1% 2.901 0.004 11 12 59.2% 6.9% 8.54 0 64 22.5% 5.6% 3.989 0 21 8 55.0% 6.0% 9.218 0 92 37.4% 5.6% 6.636 0 57 bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was wh 8 50.7% 10.4% 4.885 0 25 32.9% 8.9% 3.694 0 21 34 52.1% 3.6% 14.464 0 196 34.0% 3.5% 9.841 0 114 18 61.3% 5.2% 11.779 0 139 26.2% 4.3% 6.125 0 51 he household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a fami s of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 39 57.6% 3.8% 15.176 0 273 30.1% 3.4% 8.884 0 121 15 47.2% 6.6% 7.132 0 58 33.9% 6.6% 5.146 0 39 6 52.3% 9.3% 5.629 0 29 34.8% 6.8% 5.09 0 26 or example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 57 55.1% 3.3% 16.927 0 349 31.4% 3.0% 10.624 0 182 3 57.5% 15.4% 3.744 0 11 24.1% 14.3% 1.679 0.093 4 27 49.9% 5.3% 9.463 0 103 32.6% 4.9% 6.647 0 67 18 53.1% 5.2% 10.242 0 125 34.8% 4.5% 7.804 0 72 15 62.5% 4.6% 13.433 0 132 26.4% 5.0% 5.325 0 47 your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 4 44.9% 17.4% 2.576 0.01 9 30.5% 13.5% 2.269 0.023 4 0 55.2% 21.7% 2.538 0.011 5 40.1% 20.3% 1.976 0.048 4 4 48.7% 13.0% 3.764 0 13 29.4% 9.8% 3.002 0.003 9 1 64.4% 10.1% 6.394 0 23 25.2% 9.6% 2.608 0.009 9 13 55.0% 6.3% 8.689 0 68 29.7% 5.6% 5.258 0 34 5 58.4% 9.9% 5.917 0 40 35.0% 9.8% 3.554 0 19 13 54.8% 6.2% 8.869 0 57 32.3% 5.6% 5.719 0 29 8 53.8% 6.6% 8.127 0 65 33.9% 5.5% 6.224 0 43 3 61.3% 11.6% 5.279 0 30 28.7% 9.8% 2.941 0.003 13 9 52.5% 8.8% 5.94 0 49 29.6% 7.9% 3.76 0 22 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat 34.3% 3.2% 10.613 0 34.2% 4.1% 8.441 0 39.6% 19.5% 2.033 65.7% 3.2% 20.31 0 65.8% 4.1% 16.237 0 60.4% 19.5% 3.098 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 90.2% 2.1% 42.911 0 91.3% 2.4% 38.078 0 93.6% 8.0% 11.706 9.8% 2.1% 4.643 0 8.7% 2.4% 3.609 0 6.4% 8.0% 0.795 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% ur mother obtained? 0.2% 0.3% 0.481 0.631 0.4% 0.7% 0.634 0.526 0.0% 0.0% . 35.9% 3.7% 9.62 0 25.2% 3.5% 7.186 0 40.7% 23.2% 1.75 64.0% 3.7% 17.265 0 74.3% 3.5% 21.135 0 59.3% 23.2% 2.552 100.1% 99.9% 100.0% ur father obtained? 13.3% 3.5% 3.768 0 13.1% 4.5% 2.924 0.003 25.4% 31.2% 0.814 37.1% 4.9% 7.626 0 25.5% 5.7% 4.453 0 42.9% 31.3% 1.37 49.6% 4.7% 10.504 0 61.3% 7.0% 8.775 0 31.7% 30.0% 1.058 100.0% 99.9% 100.0% bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 8.2% 2.1% 3.927 0 9.4% 2.6% 3.566 0 8.9% 12.1% 0.731 54.1% 3.7% 14.706 0 62.2% 4.3% 14.53 0 53.8% 23.7% 2.267 37.7% 3.6% 10.484 0 28.4% 3.8% 7.408 0 37.3% 21.9% 1.699 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% he household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural t; or others. 74.7% 3.0% 25.209 0 68.9% 4.2% 16.31 0 68.8% 23.3% 2.945 16.0% 2.5% 6.448 0 20.3% 3.9% 5.231 0 16.5% 21.6% 0.767 9.3% 2.1% 4.399 0 10.9% 2.6% 4.126 0 14.7% 15.9% 0.925 100.0% 100.1% 100.0% or example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 97.5% 0.9% 105.771 0 98.2% 1.2% 81.652 0 99.0% 4.5% 21.8 2.5% 0.9% 2.702 0.007 1.8% 1.2% 1.531 0.126 1.0% 4.5% 0.222 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 30.4% 3.9% 7.724 0 35.0% 5.0% 6.969 0 42.4% 22.4% 1.897 31.9% 3.5% 8.986 0 36.9% 4.9% 7.46 0 39.7% 22.4% 1.773 37.7% 4.1% 9.173 0 28.1% 5.4% 5.155 0 17.9% 18.8% 0.95 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 2.8% 1.4% 1.985 0.047 3.4% 1.7% 2.03 0.042 2.8% 6.6% 0.429 1.5% 0.8% 1.856 0.063 1.8% 1.1% 1.646 0.1 0.0% 0.0% . 3.7% 1.2% 3.097 0.002 3.9% 1.4% 2.807 0.005 4.1% 10.3% 0.399 6.3% 1.8% 3.592 0 4.3% 1.7% 2.576 0.01 4.2% 9.9% 0.424 19.1% 2.9% 6.612 0 18.2% 3.8% 4.766 0 23.9% 20.5% 1.164 10.7% 2.3% 4.599 0 11.3% 3.2% 3.537 0 5.9% 14.3% 0.408 14.9% 2.3% 6.603 0 15.5% 2.9% 5.261 0 10.7% 12.0% 0.889 19.5% 2.7% 7.243 0 21.7% 3.6% 6.062 0 26.1% 19.7% 1.322 8.4% 2.0% 4.16 0 6.9% 2.5% 2.745 0.006 10.5% 10.1% 1.041 13.2% 2.6% 5.127 0 13.1% 3.3% 3.939 0 11.9% 16.4% 0.725 100.1% 100.1% 100.1% s Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N g about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 28 53.3% 5.7% 9.381 0 94 26.7% 4.9% 5.455 0 47 13 56.6% 5.7% 10.014 0 97 31.3% 5.2% 6.067 0 44 6 58.5% 7.3% 8.053 0 82 33.5% 6.6% 5.072 0 40 13 53.0% 5.5% 9.578 0 85 34.7% 5.4% 6.468 0 53 g of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or r division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 11 56.5% 12.1% 4.686 0 24 12.9% 6.7% 1.91 0 5 33 61.4% 3.7% 16.795 0 189 23.4% 3.4% 6.85 0 55 8 50.2% 6.3% 7.927 0 81 39.3% 6.5% 6.066 0 59 8 47.1% 5.9% 7.93 0 65 44.1% 5.4% 8.099 0 67 g about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 18 56.5% 6.9% 8.247 0 58 21.0% 5.6% 3.741 0 19 9 59.4% 8.7% 6.828 0 41 25.7% 8.5% 3.034 0.002 15 13 62.5% 6.2% 10.068 0 82 21.6% 5.9% 3.679 0 23 20 51.4% 4.9% 10.518 0 172 38.8% 4.4% 8.889 0 126 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat g about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 28.8% 3.2% 8.885 0 25.5% 4.6% 5.486 0 44.9% 22.2% 2.021 25.5% 3.2% 7.997 0 24.9% 4.1% 6.14 0 8.7% 11.4% 0.761 21.9% 3.0% 7.182 0 22.1% 4.3% 5.092 0 23.7% 19.1% 1.243 23.8% 3.1% 7.672 0 27.5% 4.7% 5.876 0 22.7% 19.7% 1.153 100% 100% 100% g of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., ns, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, 6.7% 1.7% 3.946 0 2.7% 1.4% 1.93 0.054 4.7% 7.7% 0.609 51.8% 3.5% 14.755 0 34.7% 4.6% 7.592 0 16.4% 19.3% 0.853 21.8% 3.2% 6.913 0 30.0% 4.3% 7.002 0 35.3% 26.1% 1.35 19.7% 2.7% 7.318 0 32.6% 4.6% 7.144 0 43.6% 20.0% 2.181 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% g about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 17.0% 2.7% 6.315 0 11.1% 2.9% 3.852 0 19.2% 15.7% 1.226 11.2% 2.3% 4.858 0 8.6% 2.9% 2.941 0.003 6.1% 10.9% 0.561 21.8% 2.9% 7.582 0 13.3% 3.6% 3.651 0 18.9% 20.0% 0.943 50.0% 3.8% 13.188 0 66.9% 4.9% 13.542 0 55.8% 21.8% 2.559 100% 100% 100% ding Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N 3 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 49 55.6% 3.4% 16.353 0 350 32.2% 3.0% 10.796 0 185 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 100.0% 100.0% Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N sks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they shoul t 30 minutes of thinking? 0 65.7% 16.7% 3.924 0 23 20.7% 14.0% 1.477 0.14 5 6 57.3% 13.2% 4.332 0 18 18.9% 10.3% 1.824 0.068 5 7 51.0% 8.1% 6.335 0 35 36.6% 7.5% 4.855 0 26 2 57.5% 12.1% 4.74 0 22 30.5% 10.2% 2.984 0.003 12 e you used a computer in the past 3 months? 11 53.9% 8.2% 6.576 0 37 24.2% 6.9% 3.513 0 17 0 57.6% 14.1% 4.094 0 16 34.4% 13.0% 2.641 0.008 9 4 62.8% 8.5% 7.434 0 34 27.1% 8.5% 3.186 0.001 12 45 54.3% 3.6% 15.192 0 273 32.6% 3.4% 9.583 0 148 of your work do you use a computer? 10 59.4% 7.7% 7.661 0 52 22.3% 7.7% 2.898 0.004 18 0 88.7% 25.5% 3.478 0.001 3 5.4% 20.5% 0.265 0.791 0 0 40.6% 20.8% 1.954 0.051 5 53.0% 21.3% 2.491 0.013 5 7 51.7% 7.8% 6.629 0 40 35.3% 8.1% 4.341 0 25 vanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics softwa al analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer networks? 10 59.4% 7.7% 7.661 0 52 22.3% 7.7% 2.898 0.004 18 3 48.1% 10.3% 4.69 0 22 37.8% 9.7% 3.915 0 13 4 56.3% 9.8% 5.757 0 24 33.5% 11.1% 3.022 0.003 17 irect and check the work of other workers (supervise)? 7 58.2% 6.1% 9.497 0 74 28.1% 6.0% 4.68 0 30 10 51.0% 8.3% 6.16 0 26 31.0% 8.3% 3.738 0 18 contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvem o- workers) 3 49.7% 9.8% 5.059 0 23 30.1% 9.3% 3.24 0.001 14 3 49.5% 15.1% 3.287 0.001 8 28.8% 13.8% 2.092 0.036 5 3 56.2% 13.0% 4.315 0 15 33.8% 13.1% 2.573 0.01 8 8 60.4% 8.5% 7.146 0 54 27.2% 8.0% 3.393 0.001 21 of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 3 47.4% 10.8% 4.384 0 22 40.4% 11.5% 3.517 0 14 5 56.2% 7.8% 7.204 0 40 29.6% 6.7% 4.405 0 18 6 49.8% 13.6% 3.671 0 14 25.7% 9.9% 2.598 0.009 8 3 70.7% 11.5% 6.13 0 24 17.4% 9.9% 1.753 0.08 8 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat sks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out ow often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 20.2% 6.2% 3.251 0.001 11.7% 7.0% 1.681 0.093 64.2% 37.8% 1.7 19.0% 5.8% 3.276 0.001 12.0% 6.9% 1.75 0.08 9.4% 25.6% 0.366 40.5% 6.8% 5.917 0 55.7% 8.9% 6.278 0 17.0% 29.7% 0.573 20.3% 5.3% 3.858 0 20.6% 7.1% 2.896 0.004 9.4% 25.8% 0.365 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% e you used a computer in the past 3 months? 10.8% 1.9% 5.64 0 8.5% 2.4% 3.538 0 7.0% 9.1% 0.768 4.6% 1.5% 3.103 0.002 4.9% 2.0% 2.391 0.017 9.1% 11.3% 0.81 9.4% 1.8% 5.15 0 7.2% 2.5% 2.835 0.005 11.7% 17.4% 0.671 75.2% 2.9% 26.337 0 79.4% 3.8% 20.747 0 72.2% 23.2% 3.112 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% of your work do you use a computer? 52.3% 6.5% 8.026 0 37.7% 10.1% 3.724 0 63.8% 40.4% 1.578 4.1% 2.8% 1.448 0.148 0.5% 2.2% 0.222 0.825 0.0% 0.0% . 3.6% 2.1% 1.717 0.086 9.0% 4.8% 1.852 0.064 9.4% 21.8% 0.432 40.0% 6.6% 6.024 0 52.8% 10.4% 5.097 0 26.8% 34.3% 0.783 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% vanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, ng websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing 53.0% 6.5% 8.116 0 38.0% 10.1% 3.76 0 63.8% 40.4% 1.578 22.2% 5.5% 4.041 0 33.8% 9.2% 3.668 0 21.3% 32.5% 0.656 24.8% 5.3% 4.664 0 28.2% 9.0% 3.137 0.002 14.9% 27.8% 0.537 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% irect and check the work of other workers (supervise)? 70.6% 5.3% 13.378 0 65.5% 8.0% 8.171 0 92.7% 25.5% 3.641 29.4% 5.3% 5.578 0 34.5% 8.0% 4.306 0 34.5% 8.0% 4.306 100.0% 100.0% 127.2% contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 21.5% 5.0% 4.261 0 25.0% 7.6% 3.291 0.001 25.9% 33.6% 0.772 11.1% 4.5% 2.472 0.013 12.6% 6.6% 1.908 0.056 62.1% 38.6% 1.61 13.7% 4.0% 3.387 0.001 16.0% 6.9% 2.322 0.02 11.9% 27.2% 0.439 53.7% 6.9% 7.801 0 46.4% 9.6% 4.838 0 0.0% 0.0% . 100.0% 100.0% 99.9% of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 21.2% 5.6% 3.813 0 34.7% 8.7% 4.015 0 19.1% 32.4% 0.592 35.1% 6.0% 5.805 0 35.9% 8.2% 4.393 0 75.9% 38.3% 1.983 16.7% 5.3% 3.126 0.002 16.8% 6.5% 2.58 0.01 4.9% 14.8% 0.333 27.0% 6.1% 4.423 0 12.6% 6.4% 1.985 0.047 0.0% 0.0% . 100.0% 100.0% 99.9% d Behavior Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat 3.056 0.039 78.117 - 3.183 0.051 62.944 - 3.198 0.292 10.949 3.115 0.037 84.475 - 3.196 0.060 53.518 - 3.094 0.263 11.777 3.271 0.033 98.114 - 3.317 0.044 76.155 - 3.311 0.201 16.435 2.367 0.047 50.012 - 2.402 0.064 37.670 - 2.622 0.384 6.831 3.201 0.040 79.503 - 3.298 0.044 75.647 - 3.192 0.275 11.591 3.043 0.043 70.326 - 3.051 0.063 48.803 - 3.054 0.330 9.256 3.205 0.043 75.356 - 3.262 0.049 66.477 - 3.395 0.188 18.092 1.617 0.044 36.425 - 1.470 0.052 28.296 - 1.388 0.197 7.043 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N he past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? 29 22.8% 2.4% 9.344 0 152 11.1% 2.0% 5.556 0 66 31 32.3% 2.9% 11.032 0 208 20.2% 2.3% 8.624 0 120 he past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for exam 15 28.6% 3.6% 8 0 79 15.7% 3.2% 4.963 0 39 14 28.7% 3.9% 7.392 0 73 12.1% 3.1% 3.89 0 27 the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service r, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 25 27.5% 3.3% 8.313 0 106 9.1% 2.0% 4.641 0 26 6 26.2% 3.2% 8.231 0 102 24.5% 3.1% 7.861 0 94 your type of employment? 0 2.6% 2.0% 1.249 0.212 2 11.9% 3.7% 3.184 0.001 0 2 47.3% 5.8% 8.147 0 7 0.2% 0.9% 0.238 0.812 0 13 0.0% 0.0% . . 70 0.0% 0.0% . . 39 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N ast 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? 0 64.7% 24.5% 2.635 0.008 3 33.2% 23.6% 1.409 0.159 4 4 55.9% 7.9% 7.043 0 41 36.6% 8.4% 4.333 0 26 11 54.1% 8.4% 6.455 0 36 23.2% 7.4% 3.149 0.002 11 1 58.6% 15.5% 3.776 0 11 23.0% 12.7% 1.812 0.07 4 1 55.9% 7.9% 7.04 0.00 9 36.6% 8.4% 4.33 0.00 3 54.1% 8.4% 6.46 0.00 23.2% 7.4% 3.15 0.00 s in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 13 52.9% 6.3% 8.387 0 70 32.4% 5.9% 5.441 0 39 0 90.0% 33.2% 2.714 0.007 2 10.0% 33.2% 0.302 0.763 0 2 60.5% 23.0% 2.629 0.009 7 9.0% 12.1% 0.744 0.457 9 0 90.0% 33.2% 2.714 0.007 1 10.0% 33.2% 0.302 0.763 1 0 90.0% 33.2% 2.714 0.007 1 10.0% 33.2% 0.302 0.763 1 like to expand your business? our formal education for this work? 43 54.8% 3.7% 14.683 0 259 32.1% 3.2% 9.932 0 138 0 90.0% 33.2% 2.714 0.007 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 4 59.8% 12.3% 4.883 0 21 18.4% 10.4% 1.766 0.077 7 7 51.2% 11.5% 4.468 0 19 26.8% 10.3% 2.6 0.009 9 1 67.1% 15.3% 4.395 0 17 24.8% 13.9% 1.785 0.074 5 5 54.0% 8.4% 6.443 0 43 34.8% 8.2% 4.219 0 26 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 1 mum level of formal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 6 59.4% 6.4% 9.215 0 69 31.6% 6.7% 4.683 0 32 11 50.4% 8.1% 6.218 0 30 25.0% 7.4% 3.391 0.001 16 find this work as [occupation]? 0 94.9% 19.6% 4.846 0 3 5.1% 19.6% 0.259 0.796 0 0 70.0% 50.7% 1.382 0.167 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0 51.8% 21.9% 2.369 0.018 4 47.2% 21.4% 2.206 0.027 5 7 52.8% 9.5% 5.55 0 31 28.2% 7.0% 4.049 0 16 2 36.3% 21.0% 1.728 0.084 3 36.5% 18.4% 1.986 0.047 4 2 55.4% 16.7% 3.315 0.001 10 25.1% 14.1% 1.785 0.074 3 3 60.1% 13.1% 4.593 0 22 33.0% 12.9% 2.569 0.01 7 1 60.2% 33.2% 1.81 0.07 4 7.6% 17.5% 0.435 0.664 0 0 17.1% 26.6% 0.642 0.521 1 76.0% 31.5% 2.417 0.016 4 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat ast 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? 3.3% 2.0% 1.621 0.105 3.3% 2.7% 1.219 0.223 0.0% 0.0% . 42.5% 6.0% 7.038 0 54.0% 9.0% 6.02 0 31.0% 38.1% 0.815 34.7% 5.5% 6.358 0 29.0% 8.4% 3.435 0.001 5.2% 16.0% 0.325 11.9% 4.0% 2.986 0.003 9.1% 5.5% 1.667 0.096 5.5% 21.3% 0.257 7.5% 3.3% 2.281 0.023 4.6% 3.6% 1.29 0.197 58.3% 40.0% 1.456 99.9% 100.0% 100.0% s in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 96.1% 3.6% 26.351 0 99.3% 3.0% 33.229 0 100.0% 0.0% ####### 3.9% 3.6% 1.075 0.282 0.7% 3.0% 0.241 0.809 0.0% 0.0% . 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 62.5% 24.1% 2.589 0.029 100.0% 0.0% . . 30.0% 24.5% 1.222 0.253 0.0% 0.0% . . 7.5% 8.1% 0.925 0.379 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% like to expand your business? our formal education for this work? 73.7% 2.8% 26.032 0 76.1% 3.8% 19.912 0 78.6% 16.3% 4.811 0.2% 0.2% 0.894 0.372 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . 5.3% 1.5% 3.587 0 2.9% 1.6% 1.78 0.075 4.8% 10.0% 0.476 5.3% 1.5% 3.594 0 4.9% 2.1% 2.332 0.02 11.1% 10.5% 1.057 4.0% 1.3% 3.078 0.002 2.6% 1.6% 1.674 0.094 0.8% 2.6% 0.309 11.5% 2.2% 5.34 0 13.0% 3.1% 4.263 0 4.7% 9.5% 0.5 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.4% 0.4% 0.995 0.32 0.0% 0.0% . 100% 100% 100% mum level of formal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 64.4% 6.0% 10.765 0 65.8% 8.6% 7.684 0 88.4% 26.2% 3.374 35.6% 6.0% 5.96 0 34.2% 8.6% 3.988 0 11.6% 26.2% 0.441 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% find this work as [occupation]? 2.5% 151.4% 0.13 0.012 1.4% 21.9% 0.826 0 0.0% . . 1.2% 1.6% 0.715 0.475 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . 5.4% 3.0% 1.79 0.073 9.0% 5.2% 1.731 0.083 0.0% 0.0% . 42.8% 7.5% 5.706 0 41.7% 9.2% 4.551 0 80.2% 37.2% 2.159 3.5% 2.4% 1.446 0.148 6.3% 3.8% 1.676 0.094 3.3% 10.8% 0.308 11.9% 4.3% 2.732 0.006 9.9% 6.0% 1.641 0.101 0.0% 0.0% . 25.4% 6.2% 4.084 0 25.1% 8.8% 2.844 0.004 10.5% 27.5% 0.381 5.2% 3.9% 1.317 0.188 1.3% 3.1% 0.403 0.687 0.0% 0.0% . 0.8% 1.5% 0.534 0.593 6.3% 4.4% 1.455 0.146 6.0% 17.8% 0.335 98.7% 101.0% 100.0% Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.6% 1.2% 1.286 0.199 1 100% 206 1.3% 0.6% 2.16 0.031 6 100% 407 1.5% 0.6% 2.302 0.021 7 100% 595 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 7 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 9 1.5% 0.6% 2.303 0.021 7 100% 595 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 17 ays/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 1.4% 0.7% 2.137 0.033 7 100% 578 2.6% 5.6% 0.468 0.64 0 100% 35 1.5% 0.7% 2.101 0.036 6 100% 555 0.8% 1.4% 0.538 0.591 1 100% 58 1.5% 0.7% 2.07 0.038 6 100% 559 1.6% 2.5% 0.645 0.519 1 100% 54 Level 4/5 p-value 0.077 0.002 0 . . 0 . ays/30 hours (not part of 0 0.623 0 0.584 0 0.404 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.6% 1.1% 1.466 0.143 2 100% 219 1.3% 0.7% 1.941 0.052 5 100% 394 1.5% 0.7% 2.229 0.026 5 100% 546 1.0% 1.2% 0.78 0.435 2 100% 67 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 2 1.7% 1.3% 1.34 0.18 3 100% 200 1.3% 0.7% 1.849 0.065 4 100% 389 2.7% 3.7% 0.726 0.468 1 100% 39 1.7% 1.5% 1.12 0.263 2 100% 99 0.9% 1.0% 0.921 0.357 0 100% 157 which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 1.3% 1.8% 0.717 0.474 1 100% 55 1.4% 0.8% 1.634 0.102 3 100% 347 1.5% 1.2% 1.279 0.201 3 100% 211 us accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug displacement; or others. 1.4% 0.8% 1.743 0.081 6 100% 439 1.2% 1.5% 0.793 0.428 0 100% 112 2.2% 2.4% 0.883 0.377 1 100% 62 1.4% 0.6% 2.26 0.024 7 100% 595 0.5% 2.1% 0.218 0.827 0 100% 18 1.8% 1.3% 1.407 0.159 4 100% 201 1.6% 1.0% 1.618 0.106 3 100% 218 0.8% 1.0% 0.835 0.404 0 100% 194 1.2% 3.1% 0.402 0.688 1 100% 18 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 9 1.3% 3.3% 0.4 0.689 1 100% 27 0.9% 2.4% 0.396 0.692 0 100% 33 1.8% 1.8% 1.01 0.313 2 100% 117 0.8% 1.9% 0.408 0.683 0 100% 64 1.0% 1.3% 0.813 0.416 1 100% 100 1.9% 1.7% 1.085 0.278 1 100% 117 2.0% 2.0% 0.978 0.328 1 100% 47 1.2% 1.8% 0.686 0.493 0 100% 80 Level 4/5 p-value 0.042 0.002 0 0.426 . 0.08 0.011 0.416 0.171 0.29 which step do you think 0.465 0.023 0.089 us accident of a household ught/flood or other natural 0.003 0.443 0.355 0 0.824 0.058 0.076 0.342 0.668 . 0.69 0.672 0.245 0.683 0.374 0.186 0.298 0.468 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 2.1% 1.4% 1.507 0.132 5 100% 174 0.5% 0.7% 0.721 0.471 0 100% 154 1.6% 1.5% 1.044 0.296 1 100% 129 1.3% 1.2% 1.052 0.293 1 100% 152 weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or 1.0% 1.7% 0.596 0.551 1 100% 41 0.5% 0.7% 0.751 0.453 2 100% 279 2.1% 1.8% 1.145 0.252 2 100% 150 2.7% 1.6% 1.635 0.102 2 100% 142 1.6% 1.2% 1.273 0.203 3 100% 98 0.9% 1.6% 0.564 0.573 0 100% 65 1.4% 1.6% 0.843 0.399 1 100% 119 1.5% 0.8% 1.777 0.076 2 100% 320 Level 4/5 p-value 12 months? 0.043 0.447 0.214 0.249 weights, distances, etc., a, geometry, trigonometry, 0.543 0.394 0.177 0.029 0.22 0.575 0.345 0.011 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 3 1.5% 0.6% 2.303 0.021 7 100% 591 Level 4/5 p-value . 0 100.0% Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do 3.8% 3.5% 1.077 0.282 1 100% 29 0.7% 2.2% 0.318 0.751 0 100% 29 0.7% 1.4% 0.478 0.633 0 100% 68 0.7% 2.1% 0.319 0.75 0 100% 36 0.9% 1.2% 0.754 0.451 2 100% 67 2.7% 3.4% 0.803 0.422 1 100% 26 2.1% 3.5% 0.603 0.546 1 100% 51 1.3% 0.7% 1.836 0.066 3 100% 469 1.2% 1.2% 1.033 0.302 1 100% 81 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 3 2.8% 7.0% 0.403 0.687 0 100% 10 1.0% 1.6% 0.632 0.527 0 100% 72 cial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; 1.2% 1.2% 1.033 0.302 1 100% 81 1.3% 2.4% 0.549 0.583 0 100% 38 0.9% 1.9% 0.507 0.612 0 100% 45 1.5% 1.4% 1.111 0.266 1 100% 112 0.4% 1.6% 0.251 0.802 0 100% 54 anges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves 1.7% 2.6% 0.635 0.526 0 100% 40 4.9% 4.9% 1.013 0.311 1 100% 17 1.1% 2.8% 0.395 0.693 0 100% 26 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 83 1.2% 2.4% 0.496 0.62 0 100% 39 2.3% 2.3% 1.001 0.317 1 100% 64 0.4% 1.4% 0.315 0.753 0 100% 28 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 35 Level 4/5 p-value more thinking to figure out 0.089 0.714 0.567 0.715 0.443 0.418 0.502 0.002 0.115 . 0.666 0.434 cial software; presentation, programming; managing 0.115 0.512 0.591 0 0 anges from 1 to 10, where 1 0.44 0.107 0.661 . 0.554 0.047 0.739 . Level 4/5 p-value - - - - - - - - Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.4% 0.3% 1.557 0.12 3 40% 250 1.0% 0.5% 1.836 0.066 4 60% 363 s not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or company, 0.7% 0.6% 1.165 0.244 1 53% 134 0.5% 0.5% 0.996 0.319 2 47% 116 l/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a job which are no jobs, other. 0.1% 0.2% 0.612 0.54 1 45% 158 1.5% 0.8% 1.771 0.077 3 55% 205 1.9% 1.8% 1.066 0.287 0 16% 2 0.8% 1.0% 0.735 0.463 0 53% 9 1.3% 1.1% 1.168 0.243 1 30% 123 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 7 1.1% 1.7% 0.649 0.516 0 100% 71 0.3% 0.9% 0.297 0.766 0 100% 58 0.5% 2.3% 0.219 0.826 0 100% 16 1.1% 1.7% 0.65 0.52 1 100% 14 0.3% 0.9% 0.30 0.77 100% 1.4% 1.2% 1.168 0.243 1 100% 123 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 2 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 18 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 2 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 2 1.5% 0.8% 1.971 0.049 6 100% 446 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 1 1.2% 2.6% 0.478 0.632 0 100% 32 2.7% 2.6% 1.028 0.304 1 100% 36 0.4% 1.1% 0.316 0.752 0 100% 23 0.7% 1.4% 0.479 0.632 0 100% 74 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 1 1.7% 1.5% 1.104 0.269 1 100% 108 0.4% 1.0% 0.398 0.691 0 100% 57 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 3 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 9 2.1% 2.0% 1.029 0.303 1 100% 55 1.1% 3.4% 0.316 0.752 0 100% 9 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 15 0.8% 2.7% 0.32 0.749 0 100% 32 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 5 3.9% 11.9% 0.326 0.744 0 100% 5 Level 4/5 p-value . 0.415 0.745 0.797 0.145 0 . 0 . 0.634 0.29 0.757 0.617 . 0.001 0.659 0 . . 0.031 0.758 . 0.703 . 0.738 All adults (age (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 72.90% 2.80% 25.804 0 650 20.40% 2.50% 8.279 Yes 49.60% 2.50% 20.204 0 667 35.70% 2.50% 14.132 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 62.50% 2.40% 25.703 0 876 29.00% 2.50% 11.453 Private 38.60% 3.60% 10.837 0 210 39.80% 3.80% 10.525 Other 56.50% 10.50% 5.369 0 29 34.70% 10.60% 3.278 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 51.20% 2.40% 20.989 0 757 35.50% 2.50% 14.297 Yes 76.40% 2.70% 28.137 0 559 15.90% 2.20% 7.243 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t No 62.30% 2.30% 27.494 0 1,169 28.10% 2.10% 13.346 Yes 45.60% 4.10% 11.059 0 166 34.40% 4.50% 7.705 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 57.30% 2.50% 23.198 0 783 30.00% 2.40% 12.666 Yes 62.00% 3.10% 20.185 0 552 28.20% 2.80% 10.174 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 61.90% 2.30% 27.441 0 1,143 27.60% 2.00% 13.519 Yes 46.50% 3.90% 11.925 0 192 36.90% 4.20% 8.863 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 49.90% 2.00% 25.514 0 27.90% 2.70% 10.409 0 Yes 50.10% 2.00% 25.593 0 72.10% 2.70% 26.876 0 Total 100% 100% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 78.40% 1.90% 40.563 0 63.10% 3.30% 18.852 0 Private 19.20% 1.80% 10.639 0 34.30% 3.50% 9.863 0 Other 2.40% 0.60% 3.819 0 2.60% 0.90% 2.933 0.003 Total 100% 100% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 60.40% 2.10% 29.378 0 83.60% 2.10% 39.488 0 Yes 39.60% 2.10% 19.242 0 16.40% 2.10% 7.755 0 Total 100% 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t of the formal educational system)? No 85.20% 1.70% 51.587 0 77.60% 3.00% 26.251 0 Yes 14.80% 1.70% 8.936 0 22.40% 3.00% 7.591 0 Total 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 59.60% 2.10% 28.367 0 62.90% 3.10% 20.115 0 Yes 40.40% 2.10% 19.219 0 37.10% 3.10% 11.865 0 Total 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 85.60% 1.50% 57.366 0 77.00% 2.60% 29.96 0 Yes 14.40% 1.50% 9.618 0 23.00% 2.60% 8.931 0 Total 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 56.40% 2.80% 20.223 0 524 30.00% 2.70% 11.001 Female 61.10% 2.30% 26.39 0 811 28.90% 2.20% 12.953 Age 15-24 50.10% 3.00% 16.467 0 397 38.10% 3.00% 12.55 25-34 52.80% 3.50% 15.144 0 326 31.10% 3.20% 9.659 35-44 65.70% 4.10% 16.107 0 277 23.10% 3.80% 6.11 45-54 73.20% 4.10% 17.722 0 192 20.20% 3.70% 5.534 55+ 80.20% 3.90% 20.574 0 143 13.10% 3.30% 3.961 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 71.30% 2.30% 30.652 0 830 22.60% 2.20% 10.43 Secondary 49.50% 4.00% 12.379 0 236 38.40% 4.10% 9.407 Tertiary 17.50% 3.20% 5.405 0 63 44.00% 4.20% 10.37 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 73.20% 2.50% 29.598 0 604 21.10% 2.40% 8.636 Secondary 57.60% 3.20% 18.277 0 322 34.00% 3.40% 9.984 Tertiary 26.90% 3.50% 7.752 0 116 42.50% 4.20% 10.236 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the Low SES 73.50% 3.10% 23.556 0 505 20.10% 2.90% 6.908 Middle SES 54.70% 2.50% 21.62 0 707 32.10% 2.40% 13.322 High SES 49.50% 5.00% 9.933 0 121 35.50% 4.80% 7.42 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or othe No shocks 53.00% 2.70% 19.297 0 469 31.90% 2.90% 10.891 One shock 57.30% 3.90% 14.756 0 268 33.50% 3.60% 9.335 Two or more shocks 68.30% 3.00% 22.412 0 596 23.10% 2.90% 7.998 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 56.90% 2.30% 24.867 0 1,033 31.20% 2.10% 15.143 Yes 68.60% 3.90% 17.436 0 301 21.40% 3.80% 5.702 Household Asset Index Low 75.50% 2.80% 26.892 0 662 20.00% 2.60% 7.695 Medium 64.20% 2.50% 25.824 0 428 27.80% 2.40% 11.583 High 37.50% 3.50% 10.765 0 245 40.40% 3.60% 11.162 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 72.10% 16.50% 4.357 0 17 21.90% 16.40% 1.338 2 51.40% 22.20% 2.315 0.021 10 10.70% 9.20% 1.164 3 67.90% 11.70% 5.798 0 37 14.30% 8.50% 1.695 4 64.00% 7.40% 8.603 0 62 25.80% 6.70% 3.856 5 64.80% 5.10% 12.814 0 209 21.80% 3.90% 5.653 6 64.00% 4.40% 14.41 0 165 26.10% 4.70% 5.504 7 56.80% 4.20% 13.42 0 215 33.50% 3.90% 8.692 8 56.50% 3.10% 18.091 0 278 31.40% 3.60% 8.764 9 51.20% 5.10% 10.028 0 118 36.50% 5.50% 6.654 10 60.70% 4.90% 12.363 0 222 27.80% 4.80% 5.801 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 39.60% 2.10% 18.719 0 42.40% 3.00% 14.256 0 Female 60.40% 2.10% 28.569 0 57.60% 3.00% 19.365 0 Total 100% 100% Age 15-24 31.20% 2.20% 13.936 0 47.80% 3.20% 14.832 0 25-34 21.20% 1.50% 13.7 0 25.10% 2.60% 9.765 0 35-44 18.90% 1.40% 13.238 0 13.40% 2.20% 6.076 0 45-54 18.30% 2.00% 9.127 0 10.20% 1.80% 5.663 0 55+ 10.50% 1.20% 8.742 0 3.40% 0.90% 3.869 0 Total 100% 100% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 73.50% 2.10% 35.634 0 45.20% 3.60% 12.445 0 Secondary 22.10% 1.90% 11.486 0 33.40% 3.10% 10.648 0 Tertiary 4.40% 1.00% 4.551 0 21.40% 2.90% 7.346 0 Total 100% 100% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 57.70% 2.70% 21.576 0 32.00% 3.90% 8.219 0 Secondary 31.60% 2.00% 15.765 0 35.80% 3.10% 11.701 0 Tertiary 10.60% 1.50% 6.913 0 32.30% 3.20% 10.227 0 Total 100% 100% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 35.40% 1.70% 21.05 0 19.80% 2.50% 8.087 0 Middle SES 55.40% 1.90% 29.422 0 66.60% 2.70% 24.563 0 High SES 9.20% 1.20% 7.66 0 13.60% 2.20% 6.212 0 Total 100% 100% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss o other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 36.80% 1.70% 21.985 0 45.40% 3.10% 14.448 0 One shock 21.40% 1.70% 12.312 0 25.60% 2.70% 9.466 0 Two or more shocks 41.90% 2.00% 20.733 0 29.00% 3.10% 9.501 0 Total 100% 100% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 77.70% 1.90% 41.466 0 85.90% 2.30% 37.921 0 Yes 22.30% 1.90% 11.915 0 14.10% 2.30% 6.203 0 Total 100% 100% Household Asset Index Low 42.90% 3.10% 13.65 0 22.80% 3.30% 6.95 0 Medium 36.10% 2.30% 15.978 0 31.50% 2.70% 11.8 0 High 21.00% 2.30% 9.068 0 45.60% 3.60% 12.634 0 Total 100% 100% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 0.90% 0.40% 2.65 0.008 0.60% 0.50% 1.202 0.229 2 0.40% 0.20% 2.558 0.011 0.20% 0.20% 1.201 0.23 3 2.20% 0.50% 4.851 0 1.00% 0.60% 1.721 0.085 4 3.80% 0.60% 6.287 0 3.10% 0.90% 3.625 0 5 14.00% 1.40% 9.686 0 9.50% 1.70% 5.666 0 6 12.20% 1.40% 9.025 0 10.10% 2.00% 5.141 0 7 18.60% 1.50% 12.381 0 22.10% 2.40% 9.083 0 8 21.10% 1.80% 11.817 0 23.60% 2.40% 9.707 0 9 10.20% 1.20% 8.217 0 14.70% 2.10% 6.929 0 10 16.50% 1.60% 10.23 0 15.30% 2.70% 5.742 0 Total 100% 100% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 81.3% 4.0% 20.461 0 306 13.7% 3.7% 3.719 low 68.6% 2.7% 25.876 0 655 23.9% 2.2% 10.835 medium 46.2% 4.6% 10.13 0 224 38.7% 4.9% 7.93 high 38.6% 4.0% 9.606 0 147 41.1% 3.8% 10.935 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonom skill not used 79.9% 8.9% 8.978 0 47 16.0% 8.9% 1.788 low 72.0% 3.2% 22.474 0 487 21.4% 3.0% 7.081 medium 62.9% 3.2% 19.876 0 480 26.8% 2.7% 10.112 high 44.1% 3.2% 13.577 0 320 38.8% 3.6% 10.9 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 82.6% 3.9% 20.98 0 172 11.4% 3.5% 3.236 low 83.1% 3.4% 24.754 0 403 12.7% 2.9% 4.374 medium 63.2% 4.6% 13.777 0 253 27.4% 4.5% 6.093 high 44.6% 2.7% 16.344 0 506 39.4% 3.0% 13.012 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 21.3% 1.7% 12.416 0 7.2% 1.9% 3.848 0 low 47.3% 2.4% 20.032 0 33.4% 2.8% 11.875 0 medium 18.4% 2.0% 9.161 0 31.2% 3.3% 9.447 0 high 13.0% 1.5% 8.488 0 28.1% 2.8% 10.052 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use a trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 3.7% 0.7% 5.03 0 1.5% 0.9% 1.71 0.087 low 34.7% 1.8% 18.786 0 20.9% 2.8% 7.485 0 medium 35.2% 2.1% 16.79 0 30.5% 3.0% 10.132 0 high 26.3% 2.0% 13.156 0 47.1% 3.4% 13.87 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 12.2% 1.3% 9.286 0 3.4% 1.1% 3.199 0.001 low 29.7% 2.0% 15.098 0 9.2% 2.1% 4.275 0 medium 18.4% 2.0% 9.283 0 16.2% 2.5% 6.375 0 high 39.7% 2.3% 17.084 0 71.2% 3.3% 21.825 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 99.50% 0.80% 128.457 0 355 0.50% 0.80% 0.629 Yes 53.90% 2.30% 23.708 0 974 34.10% 2.20% 15.323 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 25.70% 1.70% 15.294 0 0.30% 0.40% 0.609 0.542 Yes 74.30% 1.70% 44.237 0 99.70% 0.40% 222.788 0 Total 100% 100% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 69.6% 4.9% 14.349 0 198 19.9% 4.6% 4.284 low 64.7% 3.7% 17.406 0 280 27.1% 3.3% 8.098 medium 58.7% 3.5% 17.01 0 387 28.8% 3.0% 9.47 high 52.3% 4.4% 11.879 0 231 34.1% 4.5% 7.607 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 81.0% 2.5% 32.726 0 778 14.8% 2.1% 6.997 low 57.7% 4.0% 14.429 0 149 34.6% 4.0% 8.554 medium 49.0% 4.4% 11.034 0 165 39.0% 4.1% 9.529 high 36.9% 2.9% 12.838 0 242 40.4% 3.2% 12.642 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 69.9% 2.5% 28.364 0 922 23.8% 2.2% 10.803 low 39.2% 8.2% 4.793 0 30 39.9% 8.3% 4.84 medium 49.9% 9.0% 5.514 0 38 36.2% 8.2% 4.4 high 35.2% 4.2% 8.414 0 119 38.2% 4.8% 8.005 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; mana skill not used 70.2% 2.5% 28.556 0 920 23.7% 2.2% 10.769 low 43.5% 8.2% 5.272 0 34 28.6% 8.3% 3.444 medium 37.5% 4.1% 9.161 0 155 39.8% 4.2% 9.475 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 64.6% 2.4% 27.124 0 811 26.2% 2.1% 12.378 no 52.5% 4.2% 12.61 0 299 31.9% 3.7% 8.618 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 70.9% 4.4% 16.289 0 241 23.2% 3.9% 5.967 low 62.7% 3.5% 17.963 0 293 27.2% 3.2% 8.433 medium 61.5% 4.0% 15.238 0 271 25.9% 3.4% 7.538 high 52.7% 3.6% 14.808 0 304 33.3% 3.6% 9.304 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 42.4% 8.0% 5.291 0 57 35.9% 9.4% 3.838 low 55.8% 3.1% 17.834 0 372 30.4% 3.0% 10.119 medium 63.0% 4.0% 15.86 0 354 27.5% 4.0% 6.874 high 69.1% 3.5% 19.47 0 327 23.6% 3.5% 6.662 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes skill not used 16.50% 2.00% 8.437 0 10.00% 2.30% 4.28 0 low 27.90% 1.80% 15.764 0 24.90% 2.90% 8.646 0 medium 35.20% 2.40% 14.694 0 36.80% 3.20% 11.671 0 high 20.40% 2.10% 9.639 0 28.30% 3.40% 8.28 0 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 54.40% 2.10% 25.535 0 20.20% 2.60% 7.673 0 low 13.20% 1.60% 8.15 0 16.10% 2.40% 6.796 0 medium 14.00% 1.40% 9.731 0 22.70% 2.50% 9.051 0 high 18.50% 1.90% 9.595 0 41.10% 3.00% 13.51 0 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 81.30% 2.00% 41.362 0 59.80% 3.50% 16.895 0 low 2.90% 0.80% 3.519 0 6.30% 1.60% 3.871 0 medium 4.20% 1.00% 4.431 0 6.70% 1.60% 4.114 0 high 11.60% 1.80% 6.476 0 27.20% 3.20% 8.432 0 Total 100% 100% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical a programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 81.00% 2.00% 40.633 0 59.30% 3.60% 16.488 0 low 3.50% 0.80% 4.316 0 5.00% 1.60% 3.131 0.002 medium 15.50% 1.90% 7.957 0 35.70% 3.50% 10.156 0 Total 100% 100% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 71.70% 2.00% 35.59 0 62.80% 3.20% 19.444 0 no 28.30% 2.00% 14.037 0 37.20% 3.20% 11.513 0 total 100% 100% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- worke skill not used 20.00% 1.90% 10.705 0 14.10% 2.40% 5.929 0 low 25.00% 1.70% 14.496 0 23.40% 3.00% 7.909 0 medium 27.60% 2.30% 12.141 0 25.10% 2.90% 8.56 0 high 27.40% 1.90% 14.738 0 37.30% 3.30% 11.458 0 total 100% 100% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 4.80% 1.00% 4.669 0 8.70% 2.40% 3.586 0 low 33.30% 2.50% 13.391 0 39.20% 3.60% 10.927 0 medium 31.40% 2.40% 13.317 0 29.60% 3.60% 8.177 0 high 30.50% 2.50% 12.152 0 22.50% 3.20% 6.943 0 100% 100% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.91items) Extraversion (average of 4 different 0.03 108.24 - 3.10 0.04 77.62 - Conscientiousness (average of 33.06 items) 128.69 different 0.02 - 3.11 0.04 80.38 - Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.02 137.35 3.11 - 3.25 0.03 118.01 - Emotional Stability (average of 3 different 2.36 items) 80.01 0.03 - 2.49 0.04 62.48 - 3.04 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.03 107.30 - 3.02 0.04 76.82 - Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.95 0.03 93.79 - 2.89 0.05 63.06 - Decision making (average of 4 different 2.93 items) 0.02 121.39 - 3.03 0.04 83.73 - Hostile Bias (average of 2 different 1.97items) 0.03 68.71 - 1.77 0.04 42.50 - (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 47.70% 2.00% 23.952 0 1,093 21.50% 1.70% 12.354 Yes 11.50% 1.00% 10.936 0 241 7.80% 0.90% 8.576 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cas company, an NGO or any other individual? Employed 56.30% 2.40% 23.697 0 1,024 24.90% 2.10% 11.993 Unemployed 4.50% 0.80% 5.941 0 69 2.60% 0.60% 4.464 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, hous job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I d Inactive not in education 27.00% 2.60% 10.327 0 135 7.40% 1.70% 4.467 Inactive and in education 26.20% 3.10% 8.474 0 106 28.50% 3.60% 7.979 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 13.30% 1.40% 9.278 0 200 4.30% 0.80% 5.513 Self-employed 15.70% 1.30% 12.179 0 284 5.00% 1.00% 4.835 Wage worker 29.20% 1.80% 16.211 0 502 15.70% 1.40% 10.97 Unpaid family worker/other 3.10% 0.80% 4.016 0 38 2.10% 0.60% 3.667 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 21.50% 32.10% 0.669 0.504 0 64.50% 37.70% 1.71 37.50% 3.30% 11.321 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 180 38.50% 4.40% 8.769 Low skilled white collar 63.90% 3.40% 18.946 0 401 26.20% 2.90% 9.057 74.60% Crafts and related trades workers; 4.10% Plant and machine 18.174 operator and 323 21.90% 4.20% 0 assemblers 5.275 Elementary occupations 67.50% 4.60% 14.51 0 194 25.60% 4.70% 5.473 Skilled agriculture work 92.00% 7.00% 13.209 0 12 5.50% 6.10% 0.892 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 56.20% 3.00% 18.733 0 540 31.00% 2.50% 12.183 Yes 67.50% 4.30% 15.811 0 200 21.90% 3.80% 5.75 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 69.80% 3.90% 17.716 0 385 20.90% 3.60% 5.802 2-5 67.40% 5.70% 11.864 0 85 23.00% 5.90% 3.912 6-15 37.60% 9.40% 3.983 0 12 36.80% 12.00% 3.058 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 65.8% 4.5% 14.749 0 52 23.2% 4.0% 5.875 Yes, with constraints 74.6% 4.6% 16.093 0 276 20.0% 4.9% 4.11 Yes, no constraints 63.7% 8.0% 7.968 0 156 20.1% 7.3% 2.736 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 61.10% 5.20% 11.72 0.00 129 29.30% 5.10% 5.72 Somewhat useful 68.90% 4.00% 17.04 0.00 286 24.40% 4.00% 6.15 Moderately useful 62.70% 4.10% 15.18 0.00 240 28.10% 3.80% 7.42 Very useful 54.90% 3.60% 15.04 0.00 441 29.80% 3.30% 8.98 73.80% 15.80% Respondent without formal schooling 4.66 0.00 13 16.80% 13.90% 1.21 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 48.10% 3.50% 13.604 0 342 33.70% 3.60% 9.453 Over or underqualified for job 66.70% 2.60% 25.658 0 740 25.40% 2.50% 9.975 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 43.00% 15.30% State employment services agency 2.813 0.005 13 47.10% 14.30% 3.298 55.90% 19.50% Through private employment agency 2.868 0.004 4 31.00% 21.60% 1.433 30.50% Through university/school career office 15.60% 1.956 0.05 6 31.50% 27.40% 1.149 63.70% 3.60% 17.809 Through social network (friends/relative/other) 0 378 27.30% 3.40% 8.054 Through media/ internet 49.00% 9.30% 5.281 0 36 35.00% 8.30% 4.21 Employer contacted you 51.80% 8.70% 5.943 0 55 27.20% 9.00% 3.017 Contacted employer directly 52.50% 7.30% 7.151 0 55 36.00% 6.70% 5.346 Started own business 67.50% 3.60% 18.943 0 434 22.20% 3.10% 7.084 48.10% 10.30% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 4.673 with employer 0 16 33.10% 11.00% 3.007 Other 45.90% 9.00% 5.118 0 27 40.60% 10.70% 3.797 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 0.10% 0.20% 0.568 0.57 0.70% 0.60% 1.199 0.23 15.20% 1.50% 10.029 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 33.60% 3.70% 9.057 0 Low skilled white collar 38.60% 2.30% 16.548 0 34.00% 3.30% 10.373 0 29.20% Crafts and related trades workers; 2.10% Plant and machine 13.711 operator and 0 assemblers 18.40% 3.10% 5.862 0 Elementary occupations 16.20% 1.50% 10.859 0 13.20% 2.60% 5.082 0 Skilled agriculture work 0.70% 0.30% 2.911 0.004 0.10% 0.10% 0.843 0.399 Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 70.90% 2.60% 26.769 0 80.50% 3.10% 26.167 0 Yes 29.10% 2.60% 11.012 0 19.50% 3.10% 6.337 0 Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 78.70% 2.40% 32.937 0 73.10% 5.30% 13.696 0 2-5 19.20% 2.40% 8.06 0 20.50% 5.50% 3.757 0 6-max 2.10% 0.60% 3.48 0.001 6.40% 2.40% 2.637 0.008 Total 100% 100% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 11% 2% 5.159 0 11% 4% 3.028 0.002 Yes, with constraints 56% 4% 15.981 0 62% 7% 9.569 0 Yes, no constraints 32% 4% 9.359 0 27% 6% 4.449 0 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 10.70% 1.40% 7.515 0 11.20% 2.20% 5.058 0 Somewhat useful 26.10% 2.10% 12.48 0 20.00% 3.10% 6.445 0 Moderately useful 22.70% 1.90% 11.676 0 22.00% 2.80% 7.993 0 Very useful 39.40% 2.40% 16.642 0 46.40% 4.20% 11.088 0 1.00% Respondent without formal schooling 0.40% 2.589 0.01 0.50% 0.50% 1.09 0.276 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 28.30% 2.00% 14.43 0 42.10% 3.90% 10.765 0 Over or underqualified for job 71.70% 2.00% 36.519 0 57.90% 3.90% 14.778 0 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? State employment services agency0.90% 0.40% 2.335 0.02 2.20% 0.90% 2.388 0.017 0.40% 0.20% Through private employment agency 1.784 0.074 0.50% 0.40% 1.315 0.189 Through university/school career office 0.30% 0.70% 2.024 0.043 1.60% 1.70% 0.939 0.348 35.80% 2.20% 16.367 Through social network (friends/relative/other) 0 34.70% 4.10% 8.545 0 Through media/ internet 3.90% 1.00% 3.734 0 6.30% 1.60% 3.805 0 Employer contacted you 5.80% 1.20% 4.946 0 6.80% 2.10% 3.192 0.001 Contacted employer directly 5.40% 1.10% 4.731 0 8.40% 1.80% 4.727 0 Started own business 43.00% 2.50% 17.39 0 31.90% 3.50% 9.149 0 1.50% 0.50% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 3.226 with employer 0.001 2.40% 0.90% 2.613 0.009 Other 2.60% 0.80% 3.373 0.001 5.30% 1.70% 3.029 0.002 All adults (ages 15-64) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 204 5.90% 1.40% 4.208 0 67 0.70% 0.60% 1.343 0.179 0 551 13.30% 1.90% 7.048 0 190 1.50% 0.60% 2.613 0.009 0 456 7.70% 1.40% 5.481 0 108 0.70% 0.40% 1.666 0.096 0 267 19.10% 2.90% 6.684 0 123 2.40% 1.00% 2.5 0.012 0.001 22 8.70% 5.20% 1.663 0.096 7 0.10% 0.60% 0.217 0.828 evel that you started? 0 628 12.10% 1.80% 6.748 0 206 1.20% 0.50% 2.592 0.01 0 129 6.50% 1.50% 4.296 0 52 1.30% 0.80% 1.642 0.101 related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 0 583 8.50% 1.30% 6.418 0 166 1.10% 0.40% 2.742 0.006 0 175 18.10% 4.00% 4.525 0 94 1.90% 1.10% 1.702 0.089 setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 501 11.20% 1.90% 5.83 0 164 1.40% 0.60% 2.265 0.024 0 257 8.90% 1.60% 5.434 0 96 0.90% 0.70% 1.417 0.157 ield and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 0 568 9.20% 1.40% 6.318 0 182 1.30% 0.50% 2.764 0.006 0 193 15.60% 2.90% 5.39 0 78 0.90% 0.70% 1.395 0.163 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 23.20% 4.70% 4.903 0 25.20% 16.50% 1.524 0.127 76.80% 4.70% 16.21 0 74.80% 16.50% 4.518 0 100% 100% 49.40% 5.50% 9.052 0 40.80% 16.20% 2.519 0.012 48.60% 5.60% 8.641 0 58.80% 16.30% 3.615 0 1.90% 1.20% 1.657 0.097 0.30% 1.60% 0.216 0.829 100% 100% evel that you started? 80.80% 4.50% 17.902 0 69.00% 16.30% 4.227 0 19.20% 4.50% 4.259 0 31.00% 16.30% 1.895 0.058 100% 100% related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 66.40% 6.30% 10.608 0 71.50% 14.30% 5.013 0 33.60% 6.30% 5.362 0 28.50% 14.30% 1.993 0.046 100% 100% setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 66.70% 5.90% 11.403 0 70.40% 19.70% 3.579 0 33.30% 5.90% 5.683 0 29.60% 19.70% 1.503 0.133 100% 100% ield and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 72.30% 5.00% 14.607 0 85.70% 10.60% 8.063 0 27.70% 5.00% 5.585 0 14.30% 10.60% 1.341 0.18 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 330 12.40% 2.10% 5.889 0 140 1.30% 0.60% 2.298 0.022 0 431 8.90% 1.50% 5.898 0 120 1.20% 0.60% 2.214 0.027 0 305 10.70% 2.30% 4.708 0 72 1.10% 0.70% 1.546 0.122 0 202 14.30% 2.60% 5.58 0 84 1.80% 1.10% 1.724 0.085 0 138 10.20% 2.20% 4.738 0 61 1.10% 0.70% 1.522 0.128 0 76 5.40% 2.40% 2.26 0.024 27 1.10% 1.30% 0.837 0.402 0 40 5.80% 2.40% 2.394 0.017 16 0.90% 1.00% 0.906 0.365 0 289 5.40% 1.20% 4.322 0 60 0.70% 0.50% 1.454 0.146 0 226 10.90% 2.50% 4.298 0 67 1.20% 0.60% 2.033 0.042 0 170 34.60% 4.60% 7.584 0 116 3.90% 1.90% 2.024 0.043 0 197 5.00% 1.30% 3.883 0 48 0.60% 0.60% 1.06 0.289 0 211 7.90% 2.10% 3.78 0 45 0.50% 0.50% 0.92 0.358 0 242 27.10% 4.00% 6.73 0 138 3.50% 1.40% 2.472 0.013 ople, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0 137 5.60% 1.60% 3.43 0.001 42 0.70% 0.70% 1.102 0.27 0 503 11.80% 1.80% 6.659 0 167 1.40% 0.50% 2.85 0.004 0 100 13.70% 2.90% 4.681 0 49 1.40% 0.90% 1.458 0.145 worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 0 337 13.60% 2.40% 5.7 0 147 1.50% 0.60% 2.453 0.014 0 184 8.20% 1.80% 4.696 0 48 1.00% 0.90% 1.098 0.272 0 219 7.60% 1.60% 4.666 0 63 1.10% 0.70% 1.478 0.14 disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 656 10.70% 1.40% 7.375 0 206 1.30% 0.50% 2.792 0.005 0 101 8.90% 2.50% 3.585 0 54 1.10% 1.10% 1.01 0.312 0 176 4.00% 1.50% 2.739 0.006 39 0.50% 0.60% 0.792 0.428 0 226 7.50% 1.70% 4.355 0 61 0.50% 0.50% 1.058 0.29 0 359 19.50% 2.80% 6.999 0 160 2.70% 0.90% 2.91 0.004 scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.181 4 4.10% 4.00% 1.022 0.307 4 1.90% 2.30% 0.855 0.392 0.244 4 22.70% 28.10% 0.808 0.419 0 15.20% 26.00% 0.585 0.559 0.09 9 16.10% 12.30% 1.304 0.192 4 1.70% 6.00% 0.279 0.78 0 21 9.60% 5.40% 1.778 0.075 9 0.50% 1.00% 0.525 0.6 0 76 11.90% 3.40% 3.536 0 31 1.50% 1.40% 1.074 0.283 0 69 8.50% 2.90% 2.957 0.003 21 1.40% 1.40% 0.978 0.328 0 143 8.60% 2.30% 3.656 0 49 1.10% 0.90% 1.179 0.238 0 199 11.30% 2.30% 4.964 0 67 0.80% 0.50% 1.535 0.125 0 99 11.20% 3.90% 2.874 0.004 33 1.20% 1.00% 1.115 0.265 0 133 9.90% 2.50% 4.001 0 42 1.50% 0.80% 1.831 0.067 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 49.80% 5.70% 8.706 0 42.60% 15.70% 2.707 0.007 50.20% 5.70% 8.764 0 57.40% 15.70% 3.642 0 100% 100% 38.00% 5.00% 7.556 0 31.80% 17.00% 1.874 0.061 33.00% 5.20% 6.364 0 34.80% 16.60% 2.102 0.036 16.90% 3.50% 4.857 0 14.20% 8.70% 1.638 0.101 7.70% 3.20% 2.407 0.016 13.30% 14.00% 0.951 0.342 4.40% 1.80% 2.399 0.016 5.90% 6.80% 0.856 0.392 100% 100% 29.00% 5.90% 4.931 0 33.10% 18.30% 1.808 0.071 25.50% 5.00% 5.069 0 24.30% 11.20% 2.163 0.031 45.50% 5.50% 8.282 0 42.70% 16.60% 2.574 0.01 100% 100% 20.60% 4.70% 4.433 0 23.20% 19.20% 1.208 0.227 22.80% 5.00% 4.546 0 12.10% 10.60% 1.133 0.257 56.50% 5.70% 9.903 0 64.80% 19.00% 3.417 0.001 100% 100% ople, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 15.80% 4.10% 3.835 0 16.30% 11.90% 1.361 0.173 69.30% 4.30% 15.958 0 71.10% 13.80% 5.144 0 14.90% 3.20% 4.67 0 12.60% 8.30% 1.512 0.13 100% 100% worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a mployment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or 54.90% 5.70% 9.674 0 51.50% 18.30% 2.819 0.005 17.90% 3.60% 4.959 0 17.20% 14.50% 1.183 0.237 27.20% 5.00% 5.419 0 31.30% 15.70% 1.992 0.046 100% 100% disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 83.50% 3.90% 21.342 0 83.50% 14.40% 5.797 0 16.50% 3.90% 4.228 0 16.50% 14.40% 1.146 0.252 100% 100% 13.10% 4.30% 3.009 0.003 13.50% 15.80% 0.854 0.393 24.40% 5.40% 4.492 0 13.20% 10.70% 1.231 0.218 62.60% 5.60% 11.138 0 73.20% 18.60% 3.945 0 100% 100% scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.30% 0.30% 1.035 0.3 1.20% 1.40% 0.877 0.38 1.10% 1.70% 0.642 0.521 6.00% 11.60% 0.52 0.603 3.00% 2.70% 1.12 0.263 2.10% 7.10% 0.291 0.771 3.30% 1.90% 1.708 0.088 1.40% 2.70% 0.521 0.602 14.60% 3.90% 3.743 0 15.10% 13.00% 1.16 0.246 9.30% 3.20% 2.891 0.004 12.60% 12.20% 1.036 0.3 16.00% 3.80% 4.182 0 16.40% 13.10% 1.255 0.21 24.20% 4.20% 5.767 0 14.00% 9.10% 1.533 0.125 12.70% 3.80% 3.362 0.001 10.80% 8.80% 1.22 0.222 15.40% 3.60% 4.319 0 20.30% 11.30% 1.799 0.072 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value at is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 48 4.4% 1.8% 2.408 0.016 26 0.7% 0.7% 0.915 0.36 0 268 6.1% 1.4% 4.502 0 61 1.3% 0.7% 1.986 0.047 0 245 14.0% 3.2% 4.33 0 80 1.1% 0.7% 1.588 0.112 0 190 18.6% 3.2% 5.842 0 91 1.7% 1.1% 1.593 0.111 have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, ch as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 0.074 9 2.8% 3.1% 0.927 0.354 4 1.3% 2.1% 0.646 0.518 0 155 5.7% 1.5% 3.787 0 33 0.9% 0.7% 1.426 0.154 0 244 9.0% 1.6% 5.443 0 90 1.3% 0.8% 1.691 0.091 0 342 15.6% 2.8% 5.529 0 133 1.5% 0.8% 1.833 0.067 past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0.001 21 5.0% 2.4% 2.074 0.038 15 1.0% 1.2% 0.859 0.39 0 69 2.9% 1.4% 2.129 0.033 19 1.3% 1.1% 1.241 0.214 0 130 8.7% 2.3% 3.787 0 26 0.7% 0.5% 1.241 0.214 0 531 14.5% 2.1% 6.987 0 198 1.5% 0.6% 2.455 0.014 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value at is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 6.6% 2.5% 2.613 0.009 8.1% 7.8% 1.039 0.299 24.7% 5.2% 4.7 0 43.9% 17.8% 2.469 0.014 32.1% 5.4% 5.932 0 20.9% 12.2% 1.722 0.085 36.6% 5.4% 6.746 0 27.1% 15.4% 1.759 0.079 100.0% 100.0% have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., er multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 0.8% 0.8% 0.916 0.36 2.9% 4.4% 0.658 0.511 15.9% 4.2% 3.762 0 21.7% 13.4% 1.614 0.107 29.2% 4.8% 6.059 0 34.2% 17.2% 1.988 0.047 54.1% 5.7% 9.504 0 41.3% 16.7% 2.473 0.013 100.0% 100.1% past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 4.3% 2.0% 2.111 0.035 7.0% 7.9% 0.887 0.375 6.0% 2.8% 2.139 0.032 22.6% 16.1% 1.401 0.161 14.7% 3.8% 3.855 0 9.4% 7.4% 1.26 0.208 75.0% 5.0% 14.929 0 61.1% 17.0% 3.602 0 100.0% 100.1% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.53 2 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 712 11.10% 1.50% 7.364 0 219 0.90% 0.40% 2.215 0.027 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 0% 8E+15 0% 100% 0% 8E+15 0 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value ay or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, 0 44 8.4% 2.8% 2.959 0.003 17 2.1% 1.9% 1.099 0.272 0 134 6.7% 2.0% 3.359 0.001 28 1.5% 1.2% 1.272 0.203 0 207 11.4% 2.1% 5.494 0 81 1.0% 0.7% 1.516 0.13 0 183 12.3% 2.6% 4.664 0 81 1.2% 0.8% 1.567 0.117 0 149 3.3% 1.0% 3.225 0.001 40 0.9% 0.6% 1.446 0.148 0 113 7.6% 2.9% 2.642 0.008 16 0.1% 0.2% 0.405 0.685 0 150 11.0% 2.8% 3.972 0 35 1.0% 1.2% 0.802 0.423 0 337 20.3% 2.9% 6.915 0 169 2.4% 1.0% 2.541 0.011 0 293 5.2% 1.0% 5.111 0 68 1.0% 0.6% 1.745 0.081 0 32 20.6% 8.0% 2.576 0.01 12 0.2% 0.3% 0.713 0.476 0 44 11.3% 5.3% 2.151 0.031 10 2.7% 3.8% 0.711 0.477 0 199 23.8% 4.2% 5.689 0 120 2.7% 1.4% 1.888 0.059 cros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); design re; software programming; managing computer networks? 0 290 5.1% 1.0% 5.109 0 67 1.0% 0.6% 1.746 0.081 0.001 31 24.7% 8.3% 2.968 0.003 20 3.2% 3.3% 0.96 0.337 0 246 20.5% 3.0% 6.865 0 123 2.1% 0.9% 2.324 0.02 0 344 8.0% 1.3% 6.115 0 95 1.2% 0.6% 2.093 0.036 0 224 13.9% 2.5% 5.515 0 115 1.7% 0.9% 1.912 0.056 or example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the 0 74 4.6% 1.8% 2.57 0.01 19 1.3% 1.1% 1.166 0.244 0 117 8.9% 2.4% 3.685 0 37 1.3% 1.2% 1.058 0.29 0 142 11.3% 2.3% 4.929 0 63 1.3% 0.8% 1.698 0.09 0 235 12.5% 2.6% 4.902 0 91 1.5% 0.9% 1.783 0.075 ull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0 55 19.2% 7.0% 2.729 0.006 24 2.5% 1.8% 1.4 0.161 0 236 12.4% 2.3% 5.386 0 86 1.5% 0.7% 2.07 0.038 0 156 7.7% 2.0% 3.914 0 55 1.8% 1.0% 1.767 0.077 0 122 6.8% 1.9% 3.603 0 45 0.5% 0.7% 0.772 0.44 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ay or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 12.10% 4.40% 2.768 0.006 22.60% 17.90% 1.26 0.208 17.60% 4.80% 3.637 0 28.20% 17.40% 1.621 0.105 41.40% 5.50% 7.544 0 26.80% 15.50% 1.73 0.084 29.00% 5.30% 5.487 0 22.30% 13.90% 1.6 0.11 100% 100% 12.80% 3.80% 3.387 0.001 29.10% 17.70% 1.644 0.1 10.10% 3.50% 2.894 0.004 0.80% 2.00% 0.397 0.691 18.20% 4.40% 4.139 0 12.30% 13.70% 0.898 0.369 58.90% 5.60% 10.543 0 57.90% 19.30% 3.006 0.003 100% 100% 37.10% 6.10% 6.111 0 48.90% 18.20% 2.683 0.007 9.20% 3.80% 2.444 0.015 0.60% 0.80% 0.696 0.487 5.90% 2.80% 2.125 0.034 10.40% 14.50% 0.715 0.475 47.90% 6.70% 7.135 0 40.20% 19.10% 2.098 0.036 100% 100% cros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; mputer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 35.80% 5.80% 6.186 0 48.90% 18.20% 2.683 0.007 12.20% 4.50% 2.728 0.006 11.20% 11.70% 0.961 0.336 52.00% 6.40% 8.12 0 39.90% 17.50% 2.28 0.023 100% 100% 54.30% 5.90% 9.124 0 59.7% 17.6% 3.39 0.001 45.70% 5.90% 7.691 0 40.3% 17.6% 2.284 0.022 100% 100% or example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, with people other than co- workers) 7.90% 3.00% 2.585 0.01 17.20% 14.40% 1.194 0.232 21.60% 5.30% 4.059 0 21.60% 16.10% 1.341 0.18 31.00% 5.40% 5.747 0 26.10% 14.20% 1.836 0.066 39.60% 6.20% 6.422 0 35.10% 16.70% 2.106 0.035 100% 100% ull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 13.10% 4.50% 2.876 0.004 12.80% 9.20% 1.394 0.163 45.10% 6.30% 7.109 0 38.30% 15.10% 2.526 0.012 23.50% 5.50% 4.297 0 39.70% 16.90% 2.351 0.019 18.40% 5.00% 3.643 0 9.30% 10.10% 0.922 0.356 100% 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 3.09 0.07 42.29 - 2.84 0.23 12.62 - 3.20 0.06 57.03 - 3.23 0.19 16.69 - 3.36 0.05 68.98 - 3.37 0.17 19.99 - 2.60 0.08 33.88 - 2.49 0.21 11.64 - 3.09 0.05 58.78 - 3.12 0.18 17.13 - 2.99 0.07 44.74 - 2.99 0.20 15.27 - 3.13 0.06 55.49 - 3.19 0.18 18.06 - 1.72 0.07 24.36 - 1.91 0.26 7.41 - Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value o find a salaried or wage job? 0 564 8.10% 1.10% 7.697 0 208 1.10% 0.40% 2.772 0.006 0 193 2.20% 0.60% 3.665 0 52 0.20% 0.20% 1.041 0.298 an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterpr 0 517 9.50% 1.20% 7.677 0 193 1.10% 0.40% 2.537 0.011 0 47 0.80% 0.40% 2.305 0.021 15 0.30% 0.20% 1.114 0.265 the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have fo aiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 0 52 1.80% 0.70% 2.344 0.019 15 0.30% 0.30% 0.982 0.326 0 141 8.50% 2.40% 3.502 0 37 0.50% 0.60% 0.773 0.44 0 96 2.00% 0.60% 3.526 0 37 0.10% 0.10% 0.901 0.368 0 105 1.80% 0.60% 3.081 0.002 33 0.30% 0.40% 0.993 0.321 0 283 5.40% 1.00% 5.463 0 111 0.60% 0.30% 1.916 0.055 0 33 1.20% 0.50% 2.505 0.012 12 0.20% 0.30% 0.582 0.561 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.087 6 14.00% 16.80% 0.834 0.405 1 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 234 21.60% 3.70% 5.842 0 130 2.30% 1.00% 2.349 0.019 0 177 8.70% 2.10% 4.231 0 53 1.20% 0.90% 1.288 0.198 0 102 3.00% 1.40% 2.139 0.032 13 0.40% 0.50% 0.863 0.388 0 51 5.10% 2.30% 2.196 0.028 12 1.90% 1.70% 1.069 0.285 0.372 2 2.20% 3.60% 0.625 0.532 1 0.40% 1.60% 0.216 0.829 en you set it up or took it over? 0 316 11.50% 1.80% 6.313 0 123 1.30% 0.70% 1.898 0.058 0 96 10.00% 2.70% 3.685 0 37 0.60% 0.60% 0.906 0.365 0 142 8.10% 2.10% 3.948 0 46 1.20% 1.10% 1.048 0.295 0 40 8.60% 3.80% 2.264 0.024 16 0.90% 1.40% 0.673 0.501 0.002 16 25.50% 10.90% 2.344 0.019 7 0.10% 0.40% 0.217 0.828 0 25 10.0% 2.6% 3.828 0 8 0.9% 1.0% 0.909 0.363 0 126 4.9% 2.5% 1.949 0.051 49 0.6% 0.8% 0.683 0.495 0.006 50 13.1% 6.3% 2.087 0.037 13 3.1% 3.5% 0.893 0.372 0.00 54 7.70% 3.00% 2.56 0.01 17 1.90% 2.00% 0.97 0.33 0.00 99 5.60% 1.90% 2.94 0.00 26 1.10% 1.00% 1.10 0.27 0.00 123 8.00% 2.20% 3.57 0.00 38 1.20% 1.20% 1.05 0.29 0.00 289 13.80% 2.20% 6.17 0.00 127 1.50% 0.60% 2.28 0.02 0.23 2 7.10% 9.70% 0.73 0.46 2 2.30% 4.60% 0.50 0.61 would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0 271 16.40% 2.70% 5.997 0 138 1.80% 0.90% 1.976 0.048 0 292 6.70% 1.30% 5.11 0 71 1.20% 0.50% 2.214 0.027 0.001 8 9.30% 7.10% 1.313 0.189 3 0.60% 1.90% 0.32 0.749 0.152 4 12.50% 14.00% 0.893 0.372 1 0.60% 2.10% 0.311 0.756 0.251 4 35.40% 26.80% 1.319 0.187 5 2.60% 3.60% 0.715 0.474 0 160 8.00% 1.80% 4.476 0 51 1.00% 1.10% 0.959 0.338 0 39 14.50% 6.10% 2.369 0.018 18 1.60% 2.30% 0.675 0.5 0.003 37 20.20% 7.30% 2.789 0.005 20 0.70% 0.70% 1.008 0.313 0 48 10.20% 3.40% 3.022 0.003 16 1.30% 1.10% 1.156 0.248 0 181 9.00% 2.10% 4.281 0 63 1.30% 1.00% 1.252 0.211 0.003 15 13.30% 8.80% 1.52 0.129 9 5.50% 8.50% 0.643 0.52 0 20 12.60% 6.40% 1.959 0.05 7 0.90% 1.90% 0.495 0.62 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.40% 0.50% 0.812 0.417 0.00% 0.00% . . 53.20% 6.90% 7.7 0 42.10% 16.20% 2.599 0.009 31.70% 6.00% 5.251 0 30.40% 17.60% 1.731 0.083 7.10% 3.30% 2.174 0.03 7.30% 8.50% 0.861 0.389 7.50% 3.60% 2.081 0.037 20.00% 17.00% 1.179 0.238 0.10% 0.20% 0.63 0.529 0.20% 0.70% 0.214 0.831 100% 100% en you set it up or took it over? 77.00% 5.80% 13.212 0 87.10% 12.40% 7.027 0 23.00% 5.80% 3.94 0 12.90% 12.40% 1.041 0.298 100% 100% 70.20% 7.90% 8.892 0 78.80% 24.00% 3.282 0.001 18.90% 7.50% 2.515 0.012 21.00% 24.10% 0.87 0.384 10.90% 5.30% 2.061 0.039 0.20% 1.00% 0.203 0.839 100% 100% 18% 8% 2.245 0.025 34% 31% 1.07 0.285 66% 9% 7.112 0 49% 26% 1.856 0.063 16% 8% 2.109 0.035 17% 21% 0.821 0.411 8.30% 3.30% 2.517 0.012 15.20% 14.90% 1.017 0.309 12.90% 3.90% 3.268 0.001 17.50% 14.50% 1.213 0.225 17.60% 4.60% 3.809 0 18.90% 15.00% 1.262 0.207 60.60% 6.40% 9.431 0 47.00% 18.10% 2.597 0.009 0.60% 0.80% 0.71 0.478 1.40% 2.80% 0.489 0.625 would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 57.30% 6.70% 8.521 0 43.60% 15.60% 2.79 0.005 42.70% 6.70% 6.346 0 56.40% 15.60% 3.604 0 1.10% 0.90% 1.332 0.183 0.70% 2.10% 0.313 0.754 0.60% 0.70% 0.858 0.391 0.30% 0.80% 0.32 0.749 4.60% 4.10% 1.127 0.26 2.90% 4.00% 0.725 0.468 26.70% 5.60% 4.76 0 28.00% 23.30% 1.2 0.23 6.80% 3.00% 2.289 0.022 6.20% 8.50% 0.725 0.469 13.40% 5.00% 2.683 0.007 4.20% 4.30% 0.967 0.334 6.20% 2.00% 3.109 0.002 6.80% 6.20% 1.095 0.273 33.80% 6.50% 5.222 0 38.60% 24.40% 1.581 0.114 2.50% 1.80% 1.433 0.152 9.50% 14.60% 0.649 0.517 4.20% 2.20% 1.928 0.054 2.90% 5.90% 0.495 0.621 (1) Skills Acquisition History /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo 6 100% 927 No 66.7% 5.8% 11.454 0 127 29 100% 1,437 Yes 45.5% 3.4% 13.539 0 301 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade 14 100% 1,454 Public 56.6% 3.7% 15.352 0 313 20 100% 620 Private 32.2% 4.9% 6.54 0 80 0 100% 58 Other 62.9% 10.8% 5.803 0 20 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational 29 100% 1,620 No 46.7% 3.4% 13.859 0 342 8 100% 748 Yes 82.5% 5.6% 14.711 0 90 Participation in training ational system)? Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor 22 100% 1,940 No 52.1% 3.5% 14.973 0 387 15 100% 450 Yes 39.9% 7.5% 5.319 0 45 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo 27 100% 1,475 No 47.5% 3.7% 12.726 0 252 10 100% 915 Yes 54.4% 5.2% 10.401 0 180 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula 26 100% 1,919 No 51.3% 3.3% 15.746 0 402 11 100% 474 Yes 40.5% 10.0% 4.03 0 30 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo No 28.0% 3.1% 9.137 0 14.8% Yes 72.0% 3.1% 23.471 0 85.2% 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade Public 75.8% 3.2% 23.444 0 60.8% Private 19.7% 3.0% 6.527 0 36.4% Other 4.5% 1.4% 3.283 0.001 2.8% Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational No 84.2% 2.4% 34.861 0 96.0% Yes 15.8% 2.4% 6.526 0 4.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor of the formal educational system)? No 86.5% 3.0% 28.416 0 81.3% Yes 13.5% 3.0% 4.428 0 18.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo No 59.9% 3.7% 16.391 0 62.2% Yes 40.1% 3.7% 10.977 0 37.8% Total 100.0% 100.0% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula No 90.7% 2.7% 33.119 0 86.3% Yes 9.3% 2.7% 3.391 0.001 13.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% (2) Background Conditions /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Gender 19 100% 1,013 Male 50.2% 4.3% 11.627 0 193 18 100% 1,380 Female 50.0% 4.0% 12.603 0 239 Age 9 100% 783 15-24 50.1% 3.0% 16.466 0 397 11 100% 623 25- 50.2% 9.9% 5.09 0 35 12 100% 488 2 100% 297 3 100% 202 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 7 100% 1,186 Primary or Less 65.4% 4.9% 13.404 0 220 12 100% 541 Secondary 50.8% 5.3% 9.598 0 140 16 100% 365 Tertiary 17.8% 4.2% 4.197 0 32 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 4 100% 853 Primary or Less 63.8% 5.5% 11.603 0 136 5 100% 583 Secondary 57.3% 4.6% 12.472 0 168 23 100% 519 Tertiary 24.8% 5.1% 4.83 0 50 Socioeconomic status at age 15 when you were 15 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p 7 100% 691 Low SES 66.4% 6.4% 10.426 0 97 26 100% 1,403 Middle SES 48.0% 3.6% 13.169 0 272 4 100% 274 High SES 47.1% 6.9% 6.787 0 63 Household shocks before age 15 mily breakup/separation/divorce; Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss 23 100% 976 No shocks 47.3% 4.5% 10.419 0 170 8 100% 508 One shock 47.0% 6.0% 7.875 0 84 6 100% 884 Two or more shocks 57.9% 5.5% 10.573 0 178 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear 29 100% 1,924 No 49.6% 3.3% 14.981 0 384 8 100% 464 Yes 53.9% 9.7% 5.532 0 48 Household Asset Index 4 100% 881 Low 67.3% 4.4% 15.297 0 228 3 100% 718 Medium 56.9% 4.4% 12.987 0 130 30 100% 794 High 26.0% 4.6% 5.608 0 74 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 1 26 1 63.7% 33.2% 1.917 0.055 5 1 15 2 58.8% 30.3% 1.937 0.053 3 0 50 3 88.6% 12.1% 7.348 0 9 2 94 4 40.6% 16.4% 2.471 0.013 12 2 318 5 61.0% 8.2% 7.459 0 57 3 258 6 48.2% 9.4% 5.116 0 37 7 414 7 47.1% 6.6% 7.177 0 72 7 551 8 46.6% 6.0% 7.796 0 106 6 256 9 46.6% 7.2% 6.459 0 55 8 405 10 54.8% 6.8% 8.121 0 76 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Gender Male 45.6% 3.3% 13.981 0 43.3% Female 54.4% 3.3% 16.649 0 56.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 91.2% 1.8% 51.864 0 91.8% 25-34 8.8% 1.8% 4.988 0 8.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 53.9% 4.1% 13.05 0 34.1% Secondary 38.8% 3.8% 10.343 0 40.6% Tertiary 7.3% 2.0% 3.717 0 25.3% Total 100.0% 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 37.1% 5.2% 7.163 0 24.6% Secondary 48.9% 4.3% 11.411 0 41.8% Tertiary 14.0% 3.1% 4.464 0 33.6% Total 100.0% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 18.9% 2.7% 6.96 0 11.3% Middle SES 65.2% 3.4% 19.311 0 71.1% High SES 15.9% 2.8% 5.743 0 17.6% Total 100.0% 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 42.9% 3.6% 11.952 0 46.6% One shock 21.7% 2.9% 7.388 0 26.0% Two or more shocks 35.3% 3.3% 10.593 0 27.4% Total 99.9% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear No 88.5% 2.6% 34.039 0 90.1% Yes 11.5% 2.6% 4.435 0 9.9% 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 45.1% 4.3% 10.488 0 26.0% Medium 37.6% 3.3% 11.358 0 33.0% High 17.3% 3.4% 5.028 0 40.9% Total 100.0% 99.9% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 1 1.0% 0.9% 1.225 0.22 0.8% 2 0.3% 0.2% 1.391 0.164 0.3% 3 2.0% 0.9% 2.075 0.038 0.3% 4 1.7% 0.7% 2.422 0.015 1.8% 5 11.5% 2.0% 5.692 0 6.2% 6 8.4% 2.2% 3.842 0 8.9% 7 20.0% 2.9% 6.968 0 23.5% 8 21.7% 3.5% 6.167 0 25.4% 9 15.1% 2.6% 5.909 0 17.0% 10 18.2% 2.5% 7.167 0 15.8% Total 99.9% 100.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w 1 100% 381 skill not used 65.3% 11.0% 5.925 0 55 14 100% 998 low 64.1% 4.6% 14 0 170 12 100% 561 medium 44.6% 5.3% 8.345 0 121 10 100% 438 high 39.6% 5.8% 6.838 0 85 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) r costs, use or calculate fractions, Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math s 1 100% 61 skill not used 72.6% 21.5% 3.38 0.001 8 6 100% 681 low 59.4% 7.6% 7.859 0 108 14 100% 828 medium 59.8% 6.0% 10.043 0 111 16 100% 811 high 43.6% 4.2% 10.499 0 205 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th 1 100% 209 skill not used 72.6% 14.0% 5.177 0 27 4 100% 495 low 81.6% 6.4% 12.713 0 91 2 100% 411 medium 60.0% 8.1% 7.442 0 85 30 100% 1,265 high 41.9% 4.2% 9.909 0 229 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w skill not used 9.6% 2.1% 4.596 0 5.5% low 37.1% 3.9% 9.415 0 23.7% medium 31.1% 3.5% 8.902 0 38.5% high 22.3% 3.2% 6.992 0 32.3% 100.0% 100.0% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any ot trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 2.9% 1.6% 1.795 0.073 1.4% low 20.3% 2.9% 7.115 0 16.1% medium 25.9% 3.9% 6.674 0 19.0% high 50.9% 3.7% 13.699 0 63.5% 100.0% 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th skill not used 5.3% 1.6% 3.372 0.001 2.4% low 18.4% 2.7% 6.756 0 5.3% medium 18.7% 3.1% 6.026 0 14.0% high 57.6% 4.2% 13.711 0 78.3% Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 0 100% 357 No 99.9% 0.3% 294.148 0 58 21 100% 1,926 Yes 48.2% 3.2% 14.972 0 374 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 9.8% 1.7% 5.646 0 0.0% Yes 90.2% 1.7% 52.094 0 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) uld be done. As part of this work, how Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 5 100% 264 skill not used 60.0% 9.4% 6.373 0 60 7 100% 449 low 54.9% 6.1% 9.02 0 90 10 100% 685 medium 52.8% 5.4% 9.726 0 117 10 100% 505 high 49.8% 9.3% 5.339 0 58 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months 5 100% 972 skill not used 76.0% 6.0% 12.658 0 151 2 100% 280 low 56.8% 5.4% 10.523 0 80 4 100% 354 medium 48.6% 5.4% 8.924 0 97 26 100% 774 high 35.6% 4.9% 7.305 0 104 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 8 100% 1,291 skill not used 60.1% 3.9% 15.273 0 286 2 100% 76 low 40.8% 13.7% 2.971 0.003 10 4 100% 96 medium 49.7% 21.8% 2.279 0.023 5 18 100% 456 high 30.0% 9.1% 3.307 0.001 24 Type of software use at work (score) are (such as powerpoint); designing Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis softw 8 100% 1,285 skill not used 60.4% 3.9% 15.308 0 286 5 100% 90 low 40.5% 14.0% 2.894 0.004 9 19 100% 543 medium 34.0% 9.4% 3.631 0 29 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers ( 15 100% 1,265 yes 58.0% 3.7% 15.804 0 257 17 100% 655 no 43.5% 8.9% 4.868 0 68 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) ement and 10 means much of the work Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 6 100% 340 skill not used 66.7% 6.3% 10.558 0 104 6 100% 453 low 47.8% 6.5% 7.377 0 78 9 100% 485 medium 49.7% 7.3% 6.818 0 69 11 100% 641 high 53.0% 7.9% 6.667 0 74 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or 7 100% 143 skill not used 33.9% 11.8% 2.882 0.004 17 13 100% 707 low 51.2% 5.0% 10.173 0 124 11 100% 576 medium 54.2% 7.0% 7.783 0 99 1 100% 495 high 66.8% 8.4% 8.001 0 85 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake task skill not used 16.2% 3.2% 5.001 0 14.5% low 29.5% 4.0% 7.453 0 30.0% medium 37.9% 3.9% 9.72 0 37.9% high 16.4% 3.5% 4.741 0 17.6% Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months skill not used 26.8% 3.1% 8.557 0 10.6% low 22.9% 3.8% 6.01 0 20.1% medium 24.8% 2.8% 8.756 0 28.2% high 25.5% 3.8% 6.767 0 41.1% Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 83.9% 3.7% 22.539 0 73.2% low 3.2% 1.4% 2.285 0.022 5.0% medium 3.7% 2.3% 1.658 0.097 3.4% high 9.1% 3.1% 2.94 0.003 18.4% 100.0% 100.0% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (co programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 84.0% 3.7% 22.524 0 73.2% low 3.3% 1.5% 2.282 0.022 3.6% medium 12.6% 3.5% 3.627 0 23.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers ( yes 77.7% 3.9% 20.108 0 69.8% no 22.3% 3.9% 5.774 0 30.2% total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interactin skill not used 28.5% 3.5% 8.079 0 19.0% low 22.5% 3.3% 6.807 0 32.0% medium 25.2% 4.0% 6.33 0 28.4% high 23.8% 3.7% 6.46 0 20.5% total 100.0% 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or skill not used 4.1% 1.4% 2.842 0.004 8.1% low 41.4% 4.1% 10.148 0 45.9% medium 31.2% 4.0% 7.86 0 30.0% high 23.3% 3.1% 7.47 0 16.0% 100.0% 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Extraversion (average of 4 different 299.3% items)4.5% 67.084 0 319.8% Conscientiousness (average of items) 63.004 3 different4.7% 296.7% 0 299.9% Openness (average of 3 different items) 3.5% 89.074 309.2% 0 323.0% Emotional Stability (average of 3 different 242.1% items) 43.439 5.6% 0 251.6% 287.2% items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 4.6% 62.911 0 296.7% Grit (average of 3 different items) 278.5% 5.0% 55.606 0 278.2% Decision making (average of 4 different items) 281.6% 4.0% 69.813 0 300.1% Hostile Bias (average of 2 different 176.8%items)4.5% 39.638 0 163.3% (6) Labor Market Outcomes /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way 32 78% 1,897 No 33.9% 2.9% 11.63 0 300 5 22% 491 Yes 16.1% 1.7% 9.531 0 132 Employment status ample, a public or private enterprise or Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at lea company, an NGO or any other individual? 25 92% 1,759 Employed 45.6% 4.3% 10.515 0 262 7 8% 138 Unemployed 8.2% 1.7% 4.691 0 38 Educational status of inactive population ce, do not want to work, have found a Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, 2 37% 204 Inactive not in education 5.4% 1.7% 3.256 0.001 27 3 64% 287 Inactive and in education 35.4% 4.4% 8.125 0 105 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 4 20% 337 Employer 3.9% 1.2% 3.177 0.001 19 5 23% 427 Self-employed 6.9% 1.7% 4.013 0 33 15 51% 911 Wage worker 37.5% 3.8% 9.762 0 185 1 7% 84 Unpaid family worker/other 5.7% 1.8% 3.193 0.001 25 /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( 0 7 Military personnel 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 21 100% 565 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 28.5% 7.4% 3.86 0 33 5 100% 636 Low skilled white collar 55.4% 6.3% 8.833 0 118 2 100% 440 63.2% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 8.4% machine operator and 7.489 77 0 assemblers 4 100% 261 Elementary occupations 61.2% 6.4% 9.517 0 91 0 100% 15 Skilled agriculture work 92.2% 10.0% 9.177 0 6 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w 16 100% 995 No 54.2% 5.0% 10.836 0 210 4 100% 337 Yes 61.1% 13.6% 4.494 0 19 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 5 100% 578 myself only 50.1% 9.8% 5.11 0 40 4 100% 145 2-5 73.0% 20.5% 3.555 0 8 0 100% 35 6-15 76.3% 18.2% 4.2 0 4 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? 2 100% 87 4 100% 455 3 100% 222 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 2 100% 202 Not useful at all 54.8% 7.9% 6.93 0 53 3 100% 414 Somewhat useful 59.4% 6.2% 9.516 0 103 4 100% 405 Moderately useful 55.8% 6.7% 8.281 0 65 22 100% 879 Very useful 48.0% 7.5% 6.418 0 103 1 100% 18 100.0% Respondent without formal schooling 0.0% ####### 0 1 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think 19 100% 770 Correct qualification for job 48.1% 6.5% 7.453 0 112 13 100% 1,116 Over or underqualified for job 56.7% 4.1% 13.704 0 205 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 0 100% 24 State employment services agency40.2% 21.3% 1.881 0.06 6 0 100% 9 62.4% 21.3% Through private employment agency 2.934 0.003 3 1 100% 16 Through university/school career office 17.4% 24.0% 1.383 0.167 3 6 100% 595 56.6% 5.7% Through social network (friends/relative/other) 9.995 0 155 2 100% 95 Through media/ internet 47.5% 17.6% 2.691 0.007 12 3 100% 115 Employer contacted you 58.0% 15.0% 3.864 0 17 2 100% 121 Contacted employer directly 57.2% 13.7% 4.167 0 16 9 100% 687 Started own business 56.3% 9.2% 6.136 0 46 1 100% 41 56.1% 30.5% 1.84 Job obtained after training/apprenticeship with employer 0.066 2 1 100% 55 Other 15.4% 13.2% 1.171 0.242 2 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( Military personnel 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.1% 9.5% 2.6% 3.711 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 20.8% Low skilled white collar 39.0% 4.3% 9.171 0 38.0% 23.0% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 3.7% machine 6.195 0 assemblers operator and 17.8% Elementary occupations 27.1% 3.5% 7.685 0 23.2% Skilled agriculture work 1.4% 0.6% 2.179 0.029 0.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w No 91.7% 2.6% 34.868 0 95.3% Yes 8.3% 2.6% 3.177 0.001 4.7% 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 76.2% 7.6% 10.071 0 87.3% 2-5 19.0% 7.3% 2.598 0.011 12.7% 6-max 4.8% 2.7% 1.767 0.081 0.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 13.9% 2.4% 5.712 0 15.2% Somewhat useful 32.5% 3.5% 9.224 0 27.8% Moderately useful 21.4% 3.2% 6.686 0 21.7% Very useful 32.0% 4.2% 7.638 0 35.2% 0.1% Respondent without formal schooling 0.1% 0.995 0.32 0.0% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think Correct qualification for job 32.8% 3.4% 9.658 0 37.8% Over or underqualified for job 67.2% 3.4% 19.764 0 62.2% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? State employment services agency 1.5% 1.0% 1.532 0.126 3.1% Through private employment agency1.6% 0.9% 1.693 0.091 1.2% Through university/school career1.6% office 1.1% 1.397 0.162 3.5% 54.2% 4.6% 11.673 Through social network (friends/relative/other) 0 52.8% Through media/ internet 3.8% 1.7% 2.198 0.028 6.0% Employer contacted you 9.3% 2.8% 3.252 0.001 7.0% Contacted employer directly 8.2% 2.9% 2.848 0.004 9.1% Started own business 18.1% 3.0% 6.064 0 13.5% 1.2% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 1.0% with 1.171 employer 0.242 0.9% Other 0.5% 0.5% 1.099 0.272 2.9% Youth (ages 15-24) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. aycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 26.8% 5.8% 4.584 0 54 6.4% 3.3% 1.937 0.053 11 0.2% 41.0% 3.5% 11.577 0 282 12.1% 2.6% 4.669 0 69 1.4% ur highest education grade? 35.3% 4.1% 8.666 0 185 7.5% 2.4% 3.169 0.002 31 0.5% 46.2% 5.3% 8.731 0 135 19.1% 4.2% 4.539 0 46 2.5% 30.3% 10.9% 2.768 0.006 17 6.8% 5.9% 1.144 0.253 2 0.0% ing the highest educational level that you started? 40.2% 3.5% 11.498 0 322 11.8% 2.5% 4.703 0 78 1.3% 15.9% 5.7% 2.764 0.006 15 1.6% 1.6% 1.037 0.3 2 0.1% aining courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal education 37.1% 3.7% 10.107 0 278 9.6% 2.1% 4.646 0 53 1.2% 42.0% 9.0% 4.674 0 59 17.2% 7.9% 2.187 0.029 27 0.8% training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 37.4% 4.0% 9.467 0 224 13.5% 3.4% 3.911 0 55 1.6% 38.8% 5.2% 7.491 0 113 6.4% 2.0% 3.263 0.001 25 0.4% ent certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 37.0% 3.5% 10.672 0 297 10.5% 2.4% 4.381 0 65 1.2% 45.1% 10.1% 4.464 0 40 14.0% 6.3% 2.22 0.026 15 0.4% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value aycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 3.0% 4.898 0 12.1% 5.8% 2.089 0.037 5.2% 14.3% 0.365 0.715 3.0% 28.274 0 87.9% 5.8% 15.124 0 94.8% 14.3% 6.608 0 100.0% 100.0% ur highest education grade? 4.9% 12.533 0 45.0% 8.8% 5.099 0 30.3% 25.3% 1.196 0.232 5.0% 7.353 0 52.8% 9.1% 5.799 0 69.7% 25.3% 2.754 0.006 1.1% 2.568 0.01 2.2% 1.9% 1.145 0.252 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% ing the highest educational level that you started? 1.5% 63.244 0 98.6% 1.4% 71.237 0 99.6% 1.3% 74.303 0 1.5% 2.64 0.008 1.4% 1.4% 1.038 0.299 0.4% 1.3% 0.299 0.765 100.0% 100.0% aining courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 4.4% 18.636 0 73.5% 9.4% 7.783 0 88.1% 13.9% 6.343 0 4.4% 4.291 0 26.5% 9.4% 2.808 0.005 11.9% 13.9% 0.86 0.39 100.0% 100.0% training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 4.5% 13.875 0 77.8% 7.1% 10.933 0 85.0% 17.9% 4.745 0 4.5% 8.425 0 22.2% 7.1% 3.123 0.002 15.0% 17.9% 0.837 0.402 100.0% 100.0% ent certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 3.6% 24.268 0 85.0% 6.6% 12.867 0 94.9% 8.0% 11.805 0 3.6% 3.837 0 15.0% 6.6% 2.277 0.023 5.1% 8.0% 0.635 0.525 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 36.1% 4.6% 7.9 0 140 12.2% 3.2% 3.838 0 43 1.5% 39.4% 3.9% 10.142 0 197 9.7% 2.7% 3.677 0 37 0.8% 38.1% 3.0% 12.55 0 305 10.7% 2.3% 4.708 0 72 1.1% 35.6% 11.1% 3.219 0.001 32 12.6% 8.9% 1.409 0.159 8 1.7% 31.2% 4.6% 6.803 0 91 3.4% 1.7% 2.02 0.043 10 0.0% 40.1% 6.0% 6.691 0 125 8.1% 3.2% 2.517 0.012 17 1.0% 46.2% 5.8% 8.027 0 95 31.9% 5.8% 5.466 0 52 4.1% 32.0% 5.9% 5.397 0 64 4.2% 2.2% 1.903 0.057 9 0.0% 37.0% 5.0% 7.393 0 114 5.6% 2.6% 2.114 0.034 13 0.2% 45.0% 6.2% 7.261 0 113 25.9% 5.6% 4.615 0 50 4.3% ST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when 29.5% 6.8% 4.318 0 40 3.7% 2.8% 1.31 0.19 1 0.3% 39.1% 4.1% 9.454 0 227 11.4% 2.9% 3.949 0 57 1.5% 38.7% 7.1% 5.434 0 64 13.6% 4.3% 3.182 0.001 22 0.7% nancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family b s of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 38.4% 5.4% 7.061 0 148 12.7% 3.9% 3.288 0.001 44 1.5% 41.9% 5.2% 8.043 0 86 10.4% 3.6% 2.883 0.004 21 0.6% 33.4% 5.5% 6.093 0 97 7.7% 2.7% 2.913 0.004 15 1.0% betes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 38.2% 3.3% 11.535 0 313 10.9% 2.3% 4.752 0 68 1.2% 35.4% 10.9% 3.249 0.001 24 10.4% 6.4% 1.626 0.104 12 0.3% 29.4% 4.4% 6.66 0 96 3.2% 1.8% 1.785 0.074 8 0.1% 37.8% 4.4% 8.545 0 105 4.9% 2.0% 2.477 0.013 15 0.4% 46.5% 5.7% 8.095 0 136 24.5% 5.1% 4.773 0 57 3.0% gs considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 36.3% 33.2% 1.092 0.275 2 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 41.2% 30.3% 1.358 0.174 2 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 11.4% 12.1% 0.941 0.347 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 33.1% 16.2% 2.043 0.041 8 26.3% 16.3% 1.609 0.108 3 0.0% 24.7% 7.1% 3.471 0.001 22 11.6% 5.1% 2.282 0.022 8 2.6% 38.6% 9.9% 3.89 0 26 12.0% 5.8% 2.063 0.039 7 1.2% 42.0% 6.8% 6.191 0 66 8.9% 4.1% 2.196 0.028 13 1.9% 41.1% 6.3% 6.561 0 93 11.5% 3.4% 3.376 0.001 26 0.8% 39.6% 8.5% 4.677 0 51 12.8% 6.7% 1.898 0.058 14 1.0% 36.0% 6.5% 5.534 0 66 9.0% 4.2% 2.127 0.033 9 0.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 4.4% 9.901 0 51.2% 8.7% 5.911 0 60.8% 27.2% 2.234 0.025 4.4% 12.96 0 48.8% 8.7% 5.637 0 39.2% 27.2% 1.44 0.15 100.0% 100.0% 2.6% 35.801 0 90.0% 6.8% 13.264 0 85.4% 17.6% 4.857 0 2.6% 3.192 0.001 10.0% 6.8% 1.476 0.14 14.6% 17.6% 0.83 0.407 100.0% 100.0% 5.4% 6.349 0 12.6% 5.6% 2.238 0.025 0.4% 1.3% 0.299 0.765 5.4% 7.567 0 27.7% 8.6% 3.234 0.001 36.0% 26.6% 1.351 0.177 4.4% 5.757 0 59.7% 9.2% 6.497 0 63.6% 26.5% 2.396 0.017 100.0% 100.0% 5.7% 4.292 0 11.2% 5.3% 2.125 0.034 0.4% 1.4% 0.301 0.764 5.2% 8.03 0 21.6% 8.1% 2.658 0.008 4.5% 11.7% 0.386 0.699 4.8% 7.061 0 67.2% 8.0% 8.349 0 95.1% 11.5% 8.24 0 100.0% 100.0% ST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 2.6% 4.302 0 5.0% 3.7% 1.33 0.184 4.2% 7.8% 0.535 0.592 4.1% 17.463 0 73.0% 7.4% 9.827 0 85.7% 18.2% 4.713 0 3.8% 4.644 0 22.0% 6.9% 3.19 0.001 10.2% 18.8% 0.541 0.588 100.0% 100.1% nancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a ol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or or others. 4.9% 9.569 0 54.6% 10.0% 5.485 0 59.6% 28.5% 2.091 0.037 3.8% 6.936 0 23.0% 7.6% 3.041 0.002 15.3% 19.1% 0.802 0.423 4.5% 6.084 0 22.5% 7.0% 3.205 0.001 25.1% 25.4% 0.987 0.324 100.1% 100.0% betes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 3.1% 29.137 0 89.9% 5.7% 15.753 0 97.4% 6.0% 16.225 0 3.1% 3.207 0.001 10.1% 5.7% 1.773 0.076 2.6% 6.0% 0.437 0.662 100.0% 100.0% 4.4% 5.882 0 9.8% 5.0% 1.973 0.048 4.4% 14.3% 0.308 0.758 3.7% 8.854 0 15.0% 5.8% 2.585 0.01 10.1% 13.3% 0.758 0.448 4.9% 8.303 0 75.2% 7.3% 10.296 0 85.5% 20.2% 4.23 0 100.0% 100.0% gs considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.9% 0.9 0.368 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.3% 1.001 0.317 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.4% 0.932 0.351 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.0% 1.868 0.062 5.2% 4.1% 1.265 0.206 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.9% 3.214 0.001 10.2% 4.5% 2.297 0.022 20.8% 24.9% 0.838 0.402 2.8% 3.228 0.001 9.8% 4.7% 2.083 0.037 8.4% 11.0% 0.767 0.443 3.8% 6.21 0 17.6% 7.8% 2.275 0.023 34.8% 29.1% 1.197 0.231 4.0% 6.334 0 24.8% 6.2% 4.025 0 21.2% 29.5% 0.716 0.474 3.5% 4.787 0 18.7% 8.4% 2.239 0.025 12.6% 19.4% 0.648 0.517 3.2% 4.957 0 13.7% 5.8% 2.373 0.018 2.2% 5.2% 0.431 0.667 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. hings you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 28.5% 11.2% 2.539 0.011 16 5.7% 5.1% 1.128 0.259 4 0.4% 30.8% 4.5% 6.764 0 79 3.9% 1.6% 2.415 0.016 7 1.3% 41.6% 6.2% 6.67 0 140 12.7% 3.9% 3.22 0.001 35 1.1% 43.0% 5.6% 7.695 0 99 16.2% 4.3% 3.766 0 32 1.2% es over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or cos ision, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 26.3% 21.7% 1.208 0.227 5 1.2% 3.0% 0.388 0.698 0 0.0% 35.3% 7.6% 4.66 0 52 4.6% 2.7% 1.702 0.089 8 0.7% 32.9% 6.0% 5.519 0 63 6.0% 2.4% 2.488 0.013 13 1.3% 40.7% 4.4% 9.222 0 213 14.4% 3.4% 4.29 0 59 1.3% hings you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 24.4% 14.5% 1.681 0.093 8 2.8% 6.6% 0.422 0.673 1 0.1% 17.6% 6.4% 2.758 0.006 15 0.7% 1.0% 0.74 0.459 2 0.0% 33.7% 8.5% 3.983 0 53 5.1% 2.7% 1.873 0.061 6 1.2% 42.8% 4.5% 9.464 0 258 13.9% 3.0% 4.686 0 69 1.4% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value hings you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 2.3% 2.425 0.015 4.0% 3.4% 1.179 0.239 2.0% 6.7% 0.299 0.765 3.9% 6.005 0 10.8% 4.4% 2.425 0.015 33.1% 30.9% 1.071 0.284 5.0% 7.674 0 41.6% 8.9% 4.688 0 34.8% 24.2% 1.436 0.151 4.3% 7.52 0 43.6% 9.1% 4.796 0 30.1% 26.1% 1.156 0.247 100.0% 100.0% es over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., ercentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 1.3% 1.097 0.273 0.2% 0.5% 0.395 0.693 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.6% 4.52 0 7.4% 4.2% 1.753 0.08 9.8% 12.7% 0.771 0.441 3.7% 5.16 0 12.5% 5.3% 2.367 0.018 27.2% 22.4% 1.213 0.225 4.6% 13.927 0 79.9% 6.6% 12.138 0 63.1% 24.2% 2.604 0.009 100.0% 100.0% hings you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 1.5% 1.593 0.111 0.9% 2.2% 0.411 0.681 0.4% 1.3% 0.299 0.765 2.2% 2.431 0.015 0.8% 1.1% 0.737 0.461 0.3% 1.2% 0.302 0.763 3.9% 3.622 0 7.7% 4.1% 1.885 0.059 15.8% 17.4% 0.911 0.362 4.4% 17.843 0 90.6% 4.6% 19.496 0 83.4% 17.5% 4.767 0 100.0% 100.0% sment Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 0.1% 0.3% 0.216 0.829 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 39.5% 3.3% 11.999 0 327 11.1% 2.3% 4.874 0 77 1.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.0% 0.218 0.828 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 2,102 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. asy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should b nutes of thinking? 35.1% 9.0% 3.878 0 26 4.8% 3.6% 1.327 0.184 2 0.1% 36.5% 5.9% 6.156 0 64 5.9% 2.8% 2.12 0.034 7 2.6% 34.5% 5.2% 6.592 0 75 11.3% 3.3% 3.408 0.001 22 1.3% 35.1% 10.6% 3.301 0.001 36 14.6% 8.0% 1.83 0.067 17 0.4% mputer in the past 3 months? 22.7% 6.1% 3.685 0 34 1.3% 1.3% 1.026 0.305 3 0.0% 37.3% 5.7% 6.561 0 62 5.9% 3.6% 1.648 0.099 8 0.1% 41.4% 5.2% 7.91 0 90 9.2% 3.1% 2.934 0.003 18 0.8% 42.9% 5.1% 8.469 0 147 19.0% 4.5% 4.171 0 51 2.5% you use a computer? 34.2% 3.9% 8.698 0 140 4.8% 1.6% 2.962 0.003 20 0.8% 40.8% 15.3% 2.664 0.008 9 18.4% 12.9% 1.428 0.153 4 0.0% 30.1% 18.1% 1.663 0.096 9 14.7% 13.1% 1.116 0.264 2 5.6% 39.9% 11.8% 3.389 0.001 43 26.9% 11.1% 2.422 0.015 22 3.2% s in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software ysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer networks? 34.1% 4.0% 8.466 0 138 4.7% 1.6% 2.907 0.004 20 0.8% 28.0% 14.6% 1.927 0.054 6 24.4% 15.1% 1.616 0.106 7 7.1% 40.7% 10.2% 3.973 0 56 23.2% 7.9% 2.952 0.003 21 2.2% the work of other workers (supervise)? 34.0% 3.7% 9.124 0 137 7.0% 2.1% 3.266 0.001 22 1.0% 38.6% 9.8% 3.922 0 64 15.6% 6.0% 2.59 0.01 26 2.3% ople other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvemen ers) 29.1% 6.2% 4.709 0 43 3.6% 2.3% 1.565 0.118 4 0.6% 44.5% 6.7% 6.654 0 53 7.4% 3.5% 2.096 0.036 9 0.2% 36.5% 7.1% 5.124 0 61 11.7% 3.9% 2.972 0.003 15 2.0% 29.9% 7.9% 3.813 0 44 14.4% 7.5% 1.912 0.056 20 2.7% you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 43.7% 18.5% 2.368 0.018 16 21.5% 16.1% 1.335 0.182 7 0.9% 37.0% 4.6% 8.018 0 98 10.1% 3.1% 3.242 0.001 18 1.6% 34.2% 7.4% 4.641 0 53 9.8% 4.2% 2.327 0.02 16 1.8% 30.0% 8.3% 3.632 0 34 3.0% 1.9% 1.594 0.111 7 0.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value asy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 4.2% 3.426 0.001 7.3% 5.2% 1.394 0.163 2.2% 4.9% 0.437 0.662 4.9% 6.075 0 18.4% 8.0% 2.29 0.022 58.3% 28.1% 2.077 0.038 4.9% 7.785 0 47.0% 11.2% 4.198 0 35.1% 29.1% 1.204 0.229 5.0% 3.544 0 27.4% 12.6% 2.167 0.03 4.5% 11.1% 0.403 0.687 100.0% 100.0% mputer in the past 3 months? 3.0% 3.603 0 2.2% 2.1% 1.013 0.311 0.4% 1.3% 0.299 0.765 3.9% 5.112 0 11.1% 5.9% 1.877 0.06 4.0% 14.2% 0.28 0.779 3.7% 7.583 0 22.3% 7.3% 3.038 0.002 15.5% 23.3% 0.663 0.507 4.5% 9.085 0 64.4% 9.1% 7.073 0 80.1% 24.4% 3.28 0.001 100.0% 100.0% you use a computer? 5.9% 12.402 0 38.7% 12.6% 3.083 0.002 46.1% 27.2% 1.694 0.09 2.2% 2.24 0.025 8.4% 5.9% 1.44 0.15 0.0% 0.0% . . 2.2% 1.595 0.111 6.5% 6.0% 1.084 0.278 15.4% 27.4% 0.562 0.574 5.4% 3.417 0.001 46.4% 14.6% 3.183 0.001 38.6% 31.0% 1.242 0.214 100.0% 100.0% s in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 5.9% 12.418 0 38.4% 12.4% 3.085 0.002 46.1% 27.2% 1.694 0.09 2.1% 1.735 0.083 11.6% 7.3% 1.599 0.11 21.3% 27.4% 0.777 0.437 5.6% 4.119 0 50.0% 12.5% 3.986 0 32.6% 28.0% 1.166 0.243 100.0% 100.0% the work of other workers (supervise)? 6.4% 10.935 0 54.1% 12.4% 4.349 0 54.5% 27.2% 2.005 0.045 6.4% 4.724 0 45.9% 12.4% 3.693 0 45.9% 12.4% 3.693 0 100.0% 100.0% ople other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, olves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 4.2% 4.563 0 8.7% 5.3% 1.643 0.1 13.0% 18.8% 0.69 0.49 5.3% 6.097 0 20.1% 9.1% 2.21 0.027 3.9% 6.4% 0.609 0.543 5.0% 5.629 0 34.6% 11.5% 3.017 0.003 41.3% 29.3% 1.411 0.158 4.9% 4.22 0 36.6% 14.4% 2.532 0.011 41.8% 33.3% 1.256 0.209 100.0% 100.0% you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 4.0% 2.04 0.041 14.5% 10.6% 1.374 0.169 4.3% 7.4% 0.581 0.561 5.7% 8.033 0 47.2% 12.2% 3.876 0 51.8% 26.6% 1.945 0.052 5.8% 5.144 0 32.3% 10.8% 2.991 0.003 39.1% 28.2% 1.386 0.166 4.3% 3.688 0 6.0% 3.9% 1.53 0.126 4.8% 14.9% 0.325 0.746 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 6.1% 52.702 0 319.0% 12.5% 25.493 0 256.1% 36.0% 7.113 0 5.7% 52.838 0 310.6% 9.0% 34.701 0 313.9% 28.7% 10.929 0 4.3% 74.404 0 338.4% 8.8% 38.455 0 339.2% 23.3% 14.534 0 6.6% 37.903 0 261.7% 10.8% 24.322 0 274.0% 32.5% 8.435 0 4.5% 65.611 0 302.3% 9.1% 33.247 0 293.1% 21.0% 13.987 0 7.5% 37.271 0 287.9% 12.3% 23.397 0 270.4% 25.3% 10.669 0 5.1% 58.882 0 314.3% 9.2% 34.198 0 317.1% 40.3% 7.871 0 4.6% 35.853 0 157.5% 9.3% 16.982 0 159.5% 16.5% 9.653 0 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. s have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? 21.9% 2.6% 8.249 0 191 6.4% 1.7% 3.702 0 45 0.9% 16.1% 2.3% 6.987 0 146 4.5% 1.4% 3.126 0.002 35 0.2% have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for examp 29.3% 4.1% 7.172 0 161 8.7% 2.5% 3.446 0.001 37 0.7% 5.4% 1.5% 3.616 0 30 1.5% 0.9% 1.698 0.09 8 0.7% n you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, d iting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 4.1% 1.4% 2.892 0.004 12 0.9% 0.7% 1.244 0.216 2 0.0% 44.7% 4.1% 10.874 0 134 9.4% 2.2% 4.217 0 33 0.0% 1.4% 0.7% 1.976 0.048 12 1.1% 0.9% 1.255 0.21 2 0.0% 4.4% 1.8% 2.502 0.012 21 1.9% 1.1% 1.773 0.076 5 0.4% 24.1% 3.5% 6.841 0 103 5.1% 2.4% 2.17 0.03 23 0.2% 4.7% 1.5% 3.172 0.002 25 2.1% 1.0% 2.158 0.031 7 0.3% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. s what is your occupation (or job title)? 20.0% 44.2% 0.452 0.651 0 80.0% 44.2% 1.809 0.07 1 0.0% 41.4% 11.2% 3.687 0 44 27.4% 9.9% 2.761 0.006 27 2.7% 35.4% 5.7% 6.225 0 83 7.6% 2.7% 2.814 0.005 14 1.6% 32.3% 9.1% 3.542 0 39 3.3% 2.8% 1.192 0.233 1 1.2% 34.4% 7.1% 4.845 0 35 4.2% 2.9% 1.447 0.148 5 0.2% 7.8% 10.0% 0.774 0.439 2 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% / own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 36.1% 4.7% 7.628 0 128 9.1% 3.2% 2.845 0.004 30 0.6% 22.3% 10.5% 2.12 0.034 12 16.7% 11.8% 1.415 0.157 2 0.0% 30.1% 9.7% 3.116 0.002 27 17.6% 7.8% 2.249 0.025 6 2.2% 27.0% 20.5% 1.318 0.187 5 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 13.1% 17.0% 0.768 0.443 1 10.6% 14.3% 0.746 0.456 1 0.0% your business? ation for this work? 39.1% 8.1% 4.841 0 32 5.3% 3.8% 1.393 0.164 5 0.8% 33.2% 6.1% 5.402 0 52 5.5% 2.9% 1.919 0.055 7 1.9% 37.0% 7.3% 5.082 0 48 6.8% 2.9% 2.334 0.02 11 0.4% 34.5% 7.6% 4.524 0 69 15.7% 5.0% 3.109 0.002 25 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 36.8% 7.3% 5.03 0 78 14.3% 4.5% 3.199 0.001 29 0.8% 34.7% 4.0% 8.685 0 121 6.9% 2.3% 3 0.003 19 1.7% s [occupation]? 54.8% 21.8% 2.52 0.012 3 5.0% 6.3% 0.791 0.429 1 0.0% 30.9% 23.6% 1.309 0.191 3 6.7% 13.2% 0.505 0.614 0 0.0% 35.6% 33.2% 1.071 0.284 3 39.2% 32.7% 1.199 0.23 2 1.1% 35.3% 5.9% 5.959 0 85 7.5% 2.8% 2.702 0.007 16 0.6% 47.9% 18.2% 2.632 0.008 10 4.7% 7.9% 0.586 0.558 0 0.0% 28.5% 16.0% 1.778 0.075 8 13.4% 11.5% 1.163 0.245 4 0.1% 40.2% 13.8% 2.921 0.003 17 2.6% 2.5% 1.031 0.303 2 0.0% 27.0% 8.5% 3.194 0.001 26 14.6% 6.7% 2.192 0.028 6 2.1% 26.3% 28.2% 0.933 0.351 2 17.4% 15.3% 1.137 0.255 3 0.3% 51.5% 22.0% 2.337 0.019 4 27.3% 23.1% 1.184 0.236 3 5.7% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value s what is your occupation (or job title)? 0.2% 0.316 0.752 1.0% 1.3% 0.778 0.436 0.0% 0.0% . . 5.6% 3.723 0 51.2% 13.3% 3.848 0 35.2% 24.0% 1.464 0.143 5.5% 6.86 0 30.8% 10.2% 3.008 0.003 42.3% 28.4% 1.489 0.136 4.8% 3.683 0 6.6% 5.1% 1.289 0.198 16.7% 20.1% 0.83 0.407 4.9% 4.707 0 10.5% 7.1% 1.476 0.14 5.8% 17.0% 0.342 0.732 0.3% 0.685 0.493 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% / own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 2.3% 41.761 0 86.9% 10.0% 8.666 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 2.3% 2.078 0.038 13.1% 10.0% 1.31 0.19 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% 8.6% 10.125 0 97.7% 2.4% 40.361 0 100.0% 0.0% . . 8.6% 1.476 0.144 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% . . 2.3% 2.4% 0.936 0.352 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% your business? ation for this work? 3.8% 4.041 0 7.7% 5.4% 1.422 0.155 10.2% 20.4% 0.501 0.616 5.0% 5.54 0 17.0% 8.0% 2.121 0.034 38.0% 32.9% 1.155 0.248 4.6% 4.71 0 15.0% 6.4% 2.342 0.019 7.2% 10.0% 0.719 0.472 6.4% 5.482 0 60.3% 12.2% 4.932 0 44.5% 31.1% 1.43 0.153 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 5.9% 6.421 0 54.5% 10.3% 5.299 0 18.8% 22.9% 0.822 0.411 5.9% 10.571 0 45.5% 10.3% 4.417 0 81.2% 22.9% 3.546 0 s [occupation]? 1.9% 1.668 0.095 1.0% 1.2% 0.771 0.441 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.0% 1.197 0.231 0.9% 1.9% 0.473 0.636 0.0% 0.0% . . 4.1% 0.844 0.398 12.8% 12.0% 1.071 0.284 6.5% 19.4% 0.338 0.735 7.9% 6.72 0 38.0% 11.3% 3.354 0.001 33.7% 38.6% 0.872 0.383 3.0% 2.023 0.043 2.1% 3.8% 0.555 0.579 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.9% 1.794 0.073 11.3% 9.4% 1.196 0.232 0.8% 2.9% 0.292 0.77 3.4% 2.683 0.007 1.9% 1.8% 1.049 0.294 0.0% 0.0% . . 4.3% 3.163 0.002 25.0% 11.3% 2.215 0.027 37.0% 39.0% 0.951 0.342 1.1% 0.797 0.425 2.0% 1.8% 1.145 0.252 0.3% 1.1% 0.272 0.786 1.7% 1.71 0.087 5.1% 4.7% 1.07 0.285 21.6% 35.7% 0.605 0.545 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.3% 0.472 0.637 0 99.9% 192 0.9% 1.626 0.104 11 100.0% 663 0.5% 1.113 0.266 4 99.9% 533 1.9% 1.273 0.203 6 100.0% 267 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 39 0.8% 1.676 0.094 11 100.0% 753 0.2% 0.316 0.752 0 100.1% 107 (not part of the formal educational system)? 0.8% 1.531 0.126 8 100.0% 726 1.0% 0.821 0.412 3 99.9% 134 1.1% 1.474 0.14 7 100.0% 538 0.4% 1.031 0.302 4 100.0% 322 0.8% 1.627 0.104 9 100.0% 773 0.4% 0.95 0.342 2 100.0% 87 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.2% 1.279 0.201 6 100.0% 382 0.8% 1.099 0.272 5 99.9% 478 0.7% 1.546 0.122 9 100.0% 783 2.0% 0.847 0.397 2 100.1% 77 0.0% 0.316 0.752 0 100.0% 321 0.8% 1.304 0.192 3 100.0% 285 3.2% 1.291 0.197 8 100.0% 187 0.1% 0.315 0.753 0 100.0% 209 0.4% 0.375 0.708 0 100.1% 295 2.6% 1.675 0.094 11 100.0% 224 o you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0.7% 0.516 0.606 1 99.9% 139 0.9% 1.61 0.107 10 100.0% 566 1.4% 0.474 0.636 0 100.1% 149 f a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; d displacement; or others. 1.2% 1.251 0.211 6 99.9% 368 0.8% 0.784 0.433 3 99.9% 194 1.1% 0.855 0.392 2 100.0% 292 0.8% 1.652 0.099 11 99.9% 776 0.7% 0.443 0.658 0 100.0% 84 0.2% 0.375 0.708 0 100.0% 332 0.5% 0.703 0.482 2 100.0% 252 1.9% 1.593 0.111 9 100.0% 276 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 7 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 5 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 10 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 23 3.5% 0.751 0.452 1 99.9% 88 1.6% 0.758 0.449 2 100.0% 72 2.0% 0.959 0.337 4 99.9% 155 0.9% 0.819 0.413 2 100.0% 227 1.7% 0.601 0.548 1 100.0% 121 0.5% 0.387 0.699 1 100.0% 152 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.7% 0.261 0.794 0 100.0% 75 1.4% 0.908 0.364 2 100.0% 258 1.0% 1.086 0.278 4 100.0% 300 1.4% 0.908 0.364 5 100.0% 221 ances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, 0.0% . . 0 13 1.0% 0.696 0.487 2 100.0% 170 1.2% 1.113 0.266 3 100.0% 190 1.0% 1.313 0.189 6 100.0% 483 0.4% 0.314 0.754 0 99.9% 36 0.1% 0.315 0.753 0 99.9% 108 1.3% 0.905 0.365 1 100.0% 145 0.9% 1.563 0.118 10 100.0% 566 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 58 0.7% 1.68 0.093 11 100.0% 789 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N g to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how 0.2% 0.624 0.533 1 100.0% 89 2.1% 1.264 0.206 5 100.0% 166 1.3% 1.017 0.309 2 100.0% 216 1.2% 0.353 0.724 1 100.0% 112 0.1% 0.317 0.751 0 100.0% 188 0.3% 0.316 0.752 0 100.1% 150 1.4% 0.572 0.568 1 100.0% 206 1.6% 1.63 0.103 10 100.0% 312 0.7% 1.247 0.212 4 100.0% 450 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 23 11.2% 0.498 0.618 1 100.0% 17 3.4% 0.943 0.345 4 100.0% 93 presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing 0.7% 1.247 0.213 4 100.0% 448 10.2% 0.696 0.487 1 100.0% 23 2.2% 0.991 0.322 4 100.1% 110 0.7% 1.385 0.166 7 100.0% 423 2.1% 1.085 0.278 2 100.0% 160 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work 0.6% 0.912 0.362 3 100.0% 154 0.3% 0.672 0.502 1 99.9% 141 1.9% 1.06 0.289 3 99.9% 148 2.8% 0.96 0.337 2 100.0% 140 1.5% 0.599 0.549 1 100.0% 41 1.2% 1.343 0.179 5 99.9% 245 1.9% 0.961 0.336 3 100.0% 171 0.6% 0.334 0.738 0 100.0% 126 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.6% 1.493 0.136 9 545 0.4% 0.643 0.52 2 100.0% 315 ber of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or 0.7% 1.054 0.292 4 464 0.7% 1.01 0.312 5 100.0% 81 , in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a no jobs, other. 0 10% 41 2 90% 274 0.0% . . 0 6% 33 0.5% 0.681 0.496 2 14% 61 0.3% 0.608 0.543 1 67% 312 0.6% 0.557 0.577 1 13% 58 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 1 2.4% 1.141 0.254 4 100.0% 108 1.6% 0.994 0.32 3 100.0% 218 1.5% 0.813 0.416 1 100.0% 118 0.4% 0.431 0.666 1 100.0% 132 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 8 0.8% 0.807 0.42 2 100.0% 370 0.0% . . 0 100.1% 33 3.2% 0.681 0.496 2 100.0% 75 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 13 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 6 1.3% 0.579 0.563 1 100.0% 91 2.0% 0.928 0.353 2 100.0% 164 0.6% 0.712 0.476 2 100.0% 126 1.7% 1.013 0.311 4 99.9% 201 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 1 1.1% 0.744 0.457 2 100.0% 221 1.2% 1.511 0.131 7 100.0% 352 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 10 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 6 3.6% 0.306 0.76 0 99.9% 8 1.1% 0.568 0.57 1 100.0% 257 0.0% . . 0 100.1% 22 0.3% 0.313 0.755 0 100.0% 29 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 35 2.9% 0.702 0.483 2 100.0% 80 1.0% 0.298 0.766 0 100.1% 7 10.8% 0.53 0.596 1 99.9% 10 All adults (ag (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 46.8% 2.7% 17.263 0 613 38.1% 3.1% 12.413 Yes 26.9% 2.0% 13.578 0 353 43.1% 2.5% 17.079 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 29.8% 2.2% 13.686 0 395 44.6% 2.8% 15.861 Private 22.2% 2.3% 9.491 0 171 45.6% 3.3% 13.768 Other 22.3% 10.4% 2.149 0.032 10 56.2% 17.0% 3.308 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 27.0% 1.7% 15.9 0 492 44.6% 2.2% 20.087 Yes 55.2% 3.5% 15.55 0 463 32.8% 3.6% 9.17 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t No 38.3% 1.9% 20.108 0 883 39.9% 2.3% 17.403 Yes 22.2% 3.5% 6.37 0 91 46.0% 4.8% 9.531 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 37.5% 1.9% 19.809 0 692 39.6% 2.3% 17.092 Yes 33.0% 3.4% 9.853 0 283 42.9% 4.5% 9.56 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 32.3% 2.1% 15.398 0 380 41.2% 2.8% 14.51 Yes 38.4% 2.3% 16.433 0 598 40.5% 2.8% 14.718 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 58.2% 2.8% 21.147 0 41.4% 2.9% 14.365 0 Yes 41.8% 2.8% 15.213 0 58.6% 2.9% 20.363 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 70.2% 2.8% 24.661 0 62.9% 2.6% 23.997 0 Private 27.7% 2.9% 9.702 0 34.0% 2.6% 13.332 0 Other 2.1% 1.0% 2.032 0.042 3.1% 1.3% 2.32 0.02 Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 53.3% 2.9% 18.279 0 76.0% 2.5% 30.984 0 Yes 46.7% 2.9% 16.007 0 24.0% 2.5% 9.783 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t the formal educational system)? No 90.8% 1.6% 57.864 0 83.3% 2.1% 39.196 0 Yes 9.2% 1.6% 5.836 0 16.7% 2.1% 7.868 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 67.6% 3.0% 22.399 0 63.0% 3.4% 18.298 0 Yes 32.4% 3.0% 10.727 0 37.0% 3.4% 10.769 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 36.4% 2.5% 14.621 0 40.8% 2.9% 14.221 0 Yes 63.6% 2.5% 25.55 0 59.2% 2.9% 20.599 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 32.3% 2.1% 15.398 0 380 41.2% 2.8% 14.51 Female 38.4% 2.3% 16.433 0 598 40.5% 2.8% 14.718 Age 15-24 22.9% 2.8% 8.266 0 138 45.1% 3.4% 13.296 25-34 28.4% 3.4% 8.454 0 192 44.9% 4.7% 9.595 35-44 34.0% 3.7% 9.122 0 169 44.8% 4.4% 10.103 45-54 53.5% 5.0% 10.682 0 251 34.5% 5.4% 6.344 55+ 60.1% 5.2% 11.508 0 228 26.3% 5.2% 5.037 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 42.0% 2.3% 18.463 0 663 39.7% 2.9% 13.569 Secondary 20.3% 3.0% 6.685 0 129 48.3% 4.3% 11.359 Tertiary 8.9% 3.2% 2.736 0.006 13 42.6% 6.3% 6.787 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 40.1% 2.2% 18.069 0 572 41.3% 2.8% 14.816 Secondary 23.9% 2.8% 8.561 0 136 44.0% 4.0% 11.001 Tertiary 6.6% 2.8% 2.373 0.018 14 42.5% 6.6% 6.404 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the Low SES 51.2% 3.8% 13.36 0 447 35.7% 4.3% 8.238 Middle SES 29.2% 2.0% 14.805 0 438 42.8% 2.4% 17.585 High SES 27.0% 4.1% 6.634 0 81 44.6% 5.1% 8.744 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural c No shocks 29.5% 1.9% 15.623 0 422 42.6% 2.6% 16.32 One shock 38.7% 4.1% 9.542 0 241 39.1% 4.6% 8.456 Two or more shocks 46.7% 3.7% 12.58 0 303 38.6% 4.2% 9.189 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 34.2% 1.8% 19.296 0 739 41.3% 2.1% 19.361 Yes 43.9% 4.5% 9.678 0 234 38.3% 5.1% 7.44 Household Asset Index Low 53.6% 3.3% 16.244 0 509 35.4% 3.7% 9.657 Medium 31.8% 2.6% 12.123 0 299 41.9% 3.0% 13.817 High 22.3% 2.5% 8.797 0 170 45.0% 3.8% 11.815 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 87.5% 8.8% 9.932 0 16 12.5% 8.8% 1.42 2 68.6% 18.8% 3.641 0 5 20.2% 17.3% 1.165 3 45.5% 15.6% 2.909 0.004 19 11.6% 7.4% 1.574 4 53.6% 8.2% 6.536 0 43 32.3% 8.7% 3.728 5 52.2% 6.6% 7.854 0 111 32.2% 7.7% 4.16 6 41.2% 5.6% 7.407 0 91 40.5% 5.2% 7.856 7 29.1% 5.7% 5.109 0 123 48.3% 6.1% 7.915 8 24.8% 2.7% 9.195 0 175 45.0% 3.8% 11.971 9 29.6% 4.4% 6.803 0 102 40.0% 4.8% 8.349 10 43.6% 3.1% 14.229 0 288 38.8% 4.1% 9.355 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 36.4% 2.5% 14.621 0 40.8% 2.9% 14.221 0 Female 63.6% 2.5% 25.55 0 59.2% 2.9% 20.599 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 19.9% 2.4% 8.139 0 34.6% 2.7% 12.807 0 25-34 18.1% 2.1% 8.547 0 25.3% 2.7% 9.269 0 35-44 14.9% 1.8% 8.11 0 17.3% 2.0% 8.829 0 45-54 25.7% 2.8% 9.312 0 14.6% 2.5% 5.807 0 55+ 21.4% 2.0% 10.675 0 8.2% 1.7% 4.868 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 80.4% 2.6% 31.026 0 59.6% 3.0% 19.833 0 Secondary 17.6% 2.5% 6.978 0 32.8% 3.1% 10.682 0 Tertiary 2.0% 0.7% 2.694 0.007 7.6% 1.3% 5.679 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 77.7% 2.4% 32.741 0 61.3% 2.8% 21.547 0 Secondary 20.2% 2.3% 8.916 0 28.5% 2.5% 11.195 0 Tertiary 2.1% 0.9% 2.352 0.019 10.1% 1.9% 5.211 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 45.3% 3.1% 14.554 0 27.8% 3.1% 8.832 0 Middle SES 45.6% 3.0% 15.2 0 58.9% 3.2% 18.206 0 High SES 9.2% 1.4% 6.407 0 13.4% 1.8% 7.312 0 Total 100.1% 100.1% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family b catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 42.0% 2.6% 16.155 0 53.6% 3.0% 17.875 0 One shock 26.1% 2.8% 9.181 0 23.2% 2.7% 8.533 0 Total 31.9% 2.6% 12.407 0 23.2% 2.7% 8.562 0 100.0% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 78.0% 2.3% 33.235 0 83.1% 2.4% 34.72 0 Yes 22.0% 2.3% 9.355 0 16.9% 2.4% 7.051 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 49.9% 2.9% 17.145 0 29.0% 2.9% 10.066 0 Medium 29.5% 2.5% 11.899 0 34.2% 2.7% 12.813 0 High 20.6% 2.3% 9.056 0 36.7% 2.9% 12.767 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 1.8% 0.6% 2.945 0.003 0.2% 0.2% 1.38 0.168 2 0.3% 0.2% 1.662 0.097 0.1% 0.1% 1.13 0.259 3 1.6% 0.5% 3.604 0 0.4% 0.2% 1.759 0.079 4 4.2% 0.8% 4.978 0 2.2% 0.7% 3.198 0.001 5 12.0% 1.9% 6.357 0 6.5% 1.7% 3.901 0 6 8.4% 1.4% 5.861 0 7.3% 1.1% 6.474 0 7 13.3% 2.6% 5.085 0 19.5% 2.8% 6.933 0 8 16.1% 1.8% 9.073 0 25.7% 2.5% 10.482 0 9 12.4% 2.0% 6.162 0 14.8% 1.8% 8.306 0 10 29.7% 2.4% 12.237 0 23.2% 2.7% 8.508 0 Total 99.8% 99.9% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 61.2% 4.0% 15.318 0 324 29.6% 4.1% 7.232 low 40.9% 2.5% 16.402 0 544 42.6% 2.9% 14.533 medium 14.2% 2.7% 5.275 0 71 44.4% 4.7% 9.403 high 11.0% 2.7% 4.14 0 30 43.3% 5.1% 8.472 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc skill not used 80.0% 4.7% 16.967 0 120 16.8% 4.7% 3.609 low 49.9% 3.1% 16.107 0 482 38.1% 3.3% 11.383 medium 31.1% 3.0% 10.481 0 277 45.0% 3.2% 14.286 high 14.7% 2.7% 5.355 0 90 43.5% 4.9% 8.853 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 60.2% 5.2% 11.558 0 167 27.4% 4.4% 6.246 low 50.2% 3.8% 13.255 0 411 39.1% 4.2% 9.241 medium 32.4% 3.0% 10.861 0 194 44.5% 3.9% 11.294 high 21.0% 2.1% 9.898 0 197 43.1% 3.1% 13.827 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 30.0% 2.5% 11.882 0 12.8% 1.8% 6.97 0 low 58.7% 2.8% 21.343 0 53.9% 2.9% 18.491 0 medium 8.3% 1.6% 5.3 0 22.8% 2.6% 8.634 0 high 3.1% 0.8% 3.979 0 10.6% 1.5% 6.926 0 Total 100.1% 100.1% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use a etc.? skill not used 11.9% 1.8% 6.705 0 2.2% 0.6% 3.488 0 low 47.1% 2.9% 16.295 0 31.7% 2.7% 11.899 0 medium 30.6% 2.9% 10.726 0 39.1% 3.1% 12.819 0 high 10.3% 1.9% 5.361 0 27.0% 2.8% 9.48 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 15.0% 1.9% 7.95 0 6.0% 1.0% 5.824 0 low 42.9% 2.9% 14.9 0 29.4% 3.0% 9.838 0 medium 19.3% 1.9% 10.15 0 23.4% 2.3% 10.228 0 high 22.8% 2.3% 10.103 0 41.2% 3.0% 13.604 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 99.3% 0.8% 119.529 0 147 0.3% 0.6% 0.516 Yes 32.8% 1.6% 20.041 0 790 42.8% 2.1% 20.775 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 12.3% 1.4% 8.702 0 0.0% 0.1% 0.517 0.605 Yes 87.7% 1.4% 62.327 0 100.0% 0.1% 1,580.86 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 51.8% 4.0% 12.797 0 176 33.9% 4.3% 7.919 low 39.1% 4.1% 9.524 0 156 39.6% 4.4% 9.031 medium 31.3% 3.1% 10.119 0 230 43.8% 4.5% 9.844 high 30.5% 4.8% 6.364 0 156 43.4% 5.8% 7.511 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 55.5% 2.4% 23.091 0 709 34.2% 2.4% 14.271 low 29.6% 8.0% 3.708 0 64 48.4% 8.8% 5.515 medium 27.2% 4.8% 5.657 0 61 49.6% 5.3% 9.323 high 15.8% 2.1% 7.417 0 134 44.4% 3.1% 14.361 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 45.2% 2.4% 18.698 0 629 40.1% 2.8% 14.131 low 32.3% 11.4% 2.841 0.004 20 41.3% 9.6% 4.318 medium 30.6% 8.8% 3.46 0.001 19 48.7% 9.9% 4.931 high 11.0% 2.2% 4.984 0 54 43.6% 4.0% 10.999 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; mana skill not used 45.3% 2.4% 18.608 0 626 40.2% 2.9% 14.054 low 30.6% 7.0% 4.361 0 38 39.3% 6.9% 5.719 medium 10.6% 2.3% 4.592 0 52 44.5% 4.1% 10.986 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 40.3% 2.3% 17.476 0 540 39.7% 2.6% 15.065 no 26.8% 3.2% 8.48 0 182 44.4% 4.3% 10.309 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 43.8% 4.3% 10.301 0 196 40.3% 6.1% 6.623 low 33.5% 8.0% 4.167 0 43 38.5% 8.6% 4.485 medium 34.4% 4.9% 6.963 0 132 42.1% 5.4% 7.761 high 33.9% 2.5% 13.531 0 351 41.8% 2.9% 14.529 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 28.9% 7.4% 3.903 0 38 36.2% 7.3% 4.966 low 29.7% 4.7% 6.315 0 151 41.0% 5.6% 7.303 medium 40.5% 3.5% 11.553 0 212 42.4% 3.9% 10.735 high 39.2% 2.9% 13.734 0 321 42.0% 3.5% 12.002 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes skill not used 21.4% 2.2% 9.604 0 12.1% 1.8% 6.608 0 low 22.5% 2.7% 8.339 0 19.7% 2.4% 8.263 0 medium 32.3% 3.2% 10.022 0 39.0% 3.8% 10.261 0 high 23.8% 3.7% 6.413 0 29.2% 3.9% 7.403 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 68.6% 2.8% 24.15 0 37.3% 2.7% 13.963 0 low 8.4% 2.4% 3.479 0.001 12.1% 2.7% 4.52 0 medium 7.2% 1.4% 5.218 0 11.5% 1.5% 7.658 0 high 15.8% 2.1% 7.561 0 39.1% 2.6% 14.895 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 86.2% 2.3% 37.013 0 66.5% 2.9% 22.873 0 low 3.8% 1.8% 2.148 0.032 4.2% 0.9% 4.48 0 medium 2.4% 0.8% 2.984 0.003 3.4% 0.9% 3.867 0 high 7.5% 1.5% 4.9 0 25.9% 2.7% 9.632 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical a programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 86.2% 2.3% 37.185 0 66.8% 3.0% 22.388 0 low 6.8% 2.0% 3.494 0 7.7% 1.3% 5.687 0 medium 6.9% 1.5% 4.536 0 25.5% 2.7% 9.58 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 75.0% 2.9% 26.01 0 64.1% 3.4% 18.858 0 no 25.0% 2.9% 8.671 0 35.9% 3.4% 10.576 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 23.3% 2.2% 10.5 0 18.6% 3.0% 6.115 0 low 8.2% 2.3% 3.636 0 8.2% 2.3% 3.625 0 medium 19.2% 3.0% 6.404 0 20.3% 2.8% 7.288 0 high 49.3% 3.4% 14.354 0 52.8% 3.9% 13.519 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 7.5% 2.2% 3.341 0.001 8.1% 1.7% 4.742 0 low 23.7% 3.7% 6.425 0 28.4% 3.7% 7.634 0 medium 28.2% 2.8% 9.977 0 25.6% 2.7% 9.347 0 high 40.7% 3.1% 13.224 0 37.9% 3.3% 11.517 0 Total 100.1% 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.96 items)0.04 76.79 - 3.04 0.04 71.69 - Conscientiousness (average of 33.27 items) 117.55 different 0.03 - 3.32 0.03 127.50 - Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.03 3.14 98.42 - 3.23 0.02 133.54 - Emotional Stability (average of 3 items) 58.73 different0.04 2.43 - 2.52 0.04 58.64 - 3.18 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.03 108.17 - 3.18 0.03 112.55 - Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.99 0.04 75.91 - 2.95 0.04 71.82 - Decision making (average of 4 different 2.98 items) 0.04 71.59 - 3.16 0.04 84.55 - Hostile Bias (average of 2 different 1.83items) 0.03 59.22 - 1.67 0.03 54.95 - (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 27.7% 1.5% 18.35 0 739 31.5% 1.8% 17.084 Yes 8.3% 0.8% 9.948 0 233 9.3% 1.2% 7.929 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cas company, an NGO or any other individual? Employed 31.8% 1.8% 17.493 0 652 35.0% 2.2% 16.156 Unemployed 4.3% 0.7% 6.612 0 87 6.1% 0.8% 7.29 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, hous which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do n Inactive not in education 30.3% 2.9% 10.389 0 213 23.7% 3.2% 7.421 Inactive and in education 5.1% 1.8% 2.774 0.006 20 15.9% 3.2% 5.035 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 3.4% 0.7% 4.895 0 65 4.7% 0.8% 5.877 Self-employed 15.9% 1.9% 8.591 0 275 13.7% 2.0% 6.83 Wage worker 17.3% 1.6% 10.938 0 300 21.7% 2.0% 10.717 Unpaid family worker/other 0.4% 0.2% 2.118 0.034 12 0.6% 0.3% 2.52 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 58.3% 24.2% 2.41 0.02 12 29.2% 28.5% 1.03 17.6% 3.6% 4.95 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians0.00 57 42.1% 5.2% 8.02 Low skilled white collar 31.3% 2.9% 10.69 0.00 244 42.2% 3.1% 13.64 43.5% Crafts and related trades workers; 5.0% Plant and machine8.66 operator and 0.00assemblers 197 42.5% 5.7% 7.48 Elementary occupations 50.2% 4.5% 11.07 0.00 213 37.6% 4.9% 7.66 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 33.0% 2.7% 12.13 0.00 312 41.7% 3.3% 12.51 Yes 32.1% 5.8% 5.56 0.00 65 44.0% 6.5% 6.81 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 44.0% 4.1% 10.74 0.00 304 38.2% 4.6% 8.37 2-5 29.2% 7.7% 3.79 0.00 34 47.4% 8.5% 5.56 6-max 22.5% 15.4% 1.46 0.14 2 54.7% 23.8% 2.30 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 42.7% 5.1% 8.425 0 73 39.1% 5.1% 7.62 Yes, with constraints 32.7% 7.3% 4.462 0 205 37.9% 8.3% 4.555 Yes, no constraints 43.1% 6.8% 6.307 0 37 40.0% 8.4% 4.746 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 47.6% 5.0% 9.60 0.00 118 37.8% 4.9% 7.73 Somewhat useful 34.5% 3.9% 8.80 0.00 133 42.9% 6.2% 6.93 Moderately useful 33.0% 4.2% 7.78 0.00 140 41.4% 5.4% 7.73 Very useful 34.2% 2.9% 11.90 0.00 322 41.9% 3.2% 13.18 100.0% Respondent without formal schooling 0.0% 8E+15 0.00 9 0.0% 0.0% . Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 28.8% 3.6% 8.07 0.00 164 45.4% 4.6% 9.87 Over or underqualified for job 38.5% 2.2% 17.35 0.00 557 39.7% 2.4% 16.30 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? through public employment agency 10.8% 8.2% 1.32 0.19 5 62.6% 19.5% 3.21 through private employment agency30.0% 11.0% 2.73 0.01 12 50.3% 12.8% 3.93 office through university/school career12.8% 10.1% 1.27 0.20 3 27.0% 16.3% 1.66 37.1% 2.6% through social network (friends/relatives/others) 14.43 0.00 373 41.2% 3.3% 12.50 through media/internet 19.3% 6.0% 3.24 0.00 16 39.8% 13.8% 2.90 employer contacted you 41.3% 7.1% 5.84 0.00 37 34.1% 8.0% 4.28 contacted employer directly 35.4% 10.3% 3.44 0.00 29 43.2% 10.0% 4.30 started own business 45.1% 6.2% 7.29 0.00 163 36.9% 6.3% 5.87 16.7% with job obtained after training/apprenticeship employer 8.7% 1.93 0.05 6 40.1% 18.0% 2.23 other (specify) 14.7% 10.5% 1.41 0.16 5 58.9% 22.2% 2.65 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 0.4% 0.2% 1.63 0.103 0.2% 0.2% 0.887 0.375 8.1% 1.7% 4.809 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 16.8% 2.4% 7.017 0 Low skilled white collar 34.3% 3.3% 10.513 0 40.2% 3.2% 12.709 0 28.6% Crafts and related trades workers; 3.3% Plant and machine8.527 operator and 24.2% 0assemblers 3.2% 7.527 0 Elementary occupations 28.7% 2.8% 10.362 0 18.7% 2.9% 6.401 0 Total 100.1% 100.1% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 83.7% 3.1% 27.105 0 82.6% 2.9% 28.041 0 Yes 16.3% 3.1% 5.289 0 17.4% 2.9% 5.926 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 89.4% 2.9% 31.168 0 81.5% 3.7% 21.967 0 2-5 10.1% 2.8% 3.559 0 17.3% 3.6% 4.859 0 6-max 0.5% 0.3% 1.384 0.166 1.2% 0.7% 1.746 0.081 Total 100.0% 100.0% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 17.3% 3.3% 5.255 0 0.17 4.1% 418.6% 0 Yes, with constraints 71.6% 4.4% 16.126 0 0.694 5.1% 1372.1% 0 Yes, no constraints 11.1% 2.8% 3.989 0 0.136 3.4% 400.8% 0 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 15.3% 1.9% 7.906 0 10.6% 1.7% 6.071 0 Somewhat useful 16.5% 2.0% 8.212 0 17.8% 2.8% 6.363 0 Moderately useful 20.4% 2.8% 7.415 0 22.2% 2.9% 7.682 0 Very useful 46.4% 3.3% 13.876 0 49.4% 3.3% 14.862 0 1.3% Respondent without formal schooling 0.9% 1.486 0.137 0.0% 0.0% . . Total 99.9% 100.0% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 22.2% 2.9% 7.754 0 30.4% 3.0% 10.027 0 Over or underqualified for job 77.8% 2.9% 27.184 0 69.6% 3.0% 22.951 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? through public employment agency 0.6% 0.4% 1.426 0.154 3.1% 1.9% 1.679 0.093 through private employment agency 1.8% 0.8% 2.284 0.022 2.7% 0.9% 3.053 0.002 0.2% through university/school career office 0.2% 1.247 0.212 0.4% 0.3% 1.517 0.129 54.8% 3.7% 14.997 through social network (friends/relatives/others) 0 55.1% 3.7% 14.768 0 through media/internet 2.0% 0.6% 3.334 0.001 3.7% 1.4% 2.558 0.011 employer contacted you 5.3% 1.1% 4.668 0 4.0% 1.1% 3.498 0 contacted employer directly 5.6% 2.1% 2.653 0.008 6.3% 1.6% 3.868 0 started own business 28.7% 4.0% 7.159 0 21.3% 3.6% 5.933 0 0.4% with job obtained after training/apprenticeship employer 0.2% 1.917 0.055 0.9% 0.5% 1.839 0.066 other (specify) 0.6% 0.4% 1.572 0.116 2.4% 1.5% 1.625 0.104 Total 100.0% 99.9% All adults (ages 15-64) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 447 14.5% 2.1% 6.807 0 151 0.6% 0.3% 1.945 0.052 0 627 28.1% 2.4% 11.723 0 333 1.9% 0.5% 3.496 0 0 634 24.2% 2.3% 10.335 0 277 1.4% 0.5% 2.813 0.005 0 338 30.1% 3.0% 10.05 0 202 2.0% 0.7% 2.999 0.003 0.001 25 20.2% 14.2% 1.416 0.157 3 1.3% 2.1% 0.607 0.544 vel that you started? 0 811 26.7% 2.1% 12.81 0 430 1.7% 0.5% 3.77 0 0 267 11.5% 2.3% 4.905 0 56 0.5% 0.3% 1.557 0.119 elated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 0 898 20.7% 1.8% 11.487 0 370 1.0% 0.3% 3.155 0.002 0 181 28.8% 4.2% 6.872 0 116 3.1% 1.4% 2.119 0.034 etting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 706 21.6% 2.0% 10.718 0 301 1.2% 0.5% 2.651 0.008 0 373 22.5% 3.5% 6.485 0 185 1.6% 0.5% 3.102 0.002 eld and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 0 448 24.6% 3.0% 8.257 0 220 1.9% 0.6% 3.264 0.001 0 631 20.1% 2.1% 9.402 0 266 1.0% 0.4% 2.677 0.007 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 29.2% 3.8% 7.696 0 20.7% 9.6% 2.165 0.03 70.8% 3.8% 18.617 0 79.3% 9.6% 8.284 0 100.0% 100.0% 59.2% 3.8% 15.492 0 55.6% 11.7% 4.751 0 38.8% 3.7% 10.492 0 42.4% 11.0% 3.846 0 1.9% 1.5% 1.291 0.197 2.0% 3.3% 0.604 0.546 99.9% 100.0% vel that you started? 84.4% 3.0% 27.899 0 89.3% 6.3% 14.116 0 15.6% 3.0% 5.149 0 10.7% 6.3% 1.688 0.091 100.0% 100.0% elated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of 80.6% 3.0% 27.097 0 66.1% 13.4% 4.948 0 19.4% 3.0% 6.543 0 33.9% 13.4% 2.534 0.011 100.0% 100.0% etting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 63.9% 4.8% 13.444 0 58.4% 12.7% 4.592 0 36.1% 4.8% 7.596 0 41.6% 12.7% 3.27 0.001 100.0% 100.0% eld and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 45.4% 4.5% 10.023 0 56.6% 11.0% 5.135 0 54.6% 4.5% 12.046 0 43.4% 11.0% 3.941 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 448 24.6% 3.0% 8.257 0 220 1.9% 0.6% 3.264 0.001 0 631 20.1% 2.1% 9.402 0 266 1.0% 0.4% 2.677 0.007 0 324 30.2% 3.0% 10.124 0 182 1.9% 0.8% 2.217 0.027 0 281 25.1% 4.6% 5.427 0 146 1.6% 0.8% 2.087 0.037 0 212 19.8% 3.6% 5.578 0 87 1.4% 0.9% 1.5 0.134 0 166 11.2% 2.4% 4.714 0 53 0.8% 0.6% 1.272 0.203 0 96 13.3% 5.7% 2.357 0.018 18 0.2% 0.3% 0.651 0.515 0 637 17.5% 2.3% 7.583 0 237 0.8% 0.3% 2.79 0.005 0 300 29.6% 3.5% 8.411 0 180 1.8% 0.9% 2.094 0.036 0 81 43.4% 7.5% 5.775 0 64 5.2% 2.9% 1.748 0.08 0 569 17.9% 2.3% 7.931 0 218 0.8% 0.3% 2.411 0.016 0 268 30.0% 3.8% 7.94 0 148 2.0% 1.0% 2.092 0.036 0 85 46.0% 6.0% 7.608 0 82 4.9% 2.3% 2.098 0.036 ple, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0 294 12.3% 2.6% 4.777 0 103 0.7% 0.4% 1.764 0.078 0 637 26.4% 2.4% 11.088 0 300 1.5% 0.5% 3.356 0.001 0 148 26.3% 4.0% 6.545 0 83 2.1% 1.2% 1.762 0.078 worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; a drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 0 587 26.3% 2.5% 10.641 0 297 1.6% 0.6% 2.846 0.004 0 271 20.7% 3.3% 6.305 0 104 1.5% 0.8% 1.819 0.069 0 221 14.0% 3.1% 4.584 0 85 0.6% 0.5% 1.285 0.199 isease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 896 23.0% 1.9% 12.37 0 425 1.5% 0.4% 3.937 0 0 183 17.2% 4.0% 4.322 0 61 0.6% 0.6% 1.135 0.256 0 346 10.3% 1.7% 6.172 0 94 0.7% 0.5% 1.542 0.123 0 399 25.2% 3.2% 7.911 0 179 1.0% 0.6% 1.652 0.099 0 334 30.4% 3.3% 9.218 0 213 2.3% 0.9% 2.714 0.007 scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.156 3 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.244 3 9.6% 11.3% 0.848 0.397 1 1.7% 5.4% 0.315 0.752 0.115 7 41.7% 18.7% 2.228 0.026 7 1.1% 2.3% 0.49 0.624 0 30 13.9% 6.8% 2.031 0.042 6 0.2% 0.9% 0.263 0.793 0 63 13.8% 8.1% 1.702 0.089 19 1.9% 1.7% 1.115 0.265 0 83 17.3% 4.0% 4.348 0 28 0.9% 0.7% 1.331 0.183 0 193 21.9% 4.4% 4.942 0 75 0.7% 0.5% 1.439 0.15 0 275 28.2% 3.4% 8.317 0 150 2.1% 1.0% 2.054 0.04 0 167 28.5% 5.1% 5.612 0 104 1.9% 0.9% 2.091 0.037 0 255 16.8% 3.0% 5.638 0 96 0.8% 0.5% 1.694 0.09 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 45.4% 4.5% 10.023 0 56.6% 11.0% 5.135 0 54.6% 4.5% 12.046 0 43.4% 11.0% 3.941 0 100.0% 100.0% 43.1% 4.4% 9.857 0 43.6% 15.3% 2.842 0.004 26.1% 4.5% 5.776 0 27.5% 11.6% 2.361 0.018 14.3% 2.6% 5.511 0 16.4% 10.0% 1.637 0.102 8.8% 1.8% 4.939 0 10.5% 8.3% 1.277 0.202 7.8% 3.5% 2.24 0.025 2.0% 3.0% 0.672 0.501 100.1% 100.0% 48.5% 4.4% 11.132 0 35.5% 11.5% 3.097 0.002 37.2% 4.2% 8.919 0 37.4% 14.5% 2.587 0.01 14.3% 3.2% 4.507 0 27.1% 12.4% 2.182 0.029 100.0% 100.0% 46.6% 4.4% 10.572 0 32.0% 11.0% 2.902 0.004 34.2% 4.3% 7.895 0 36.1% 13.8% 2.611 0.009 19.3% 3.1% 6.152 0 32.0% 12.3% 2.601 0.009 100.1% 100.1% ple, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 17.8% 3.4% 5.219 0 17.7% 9.1% 1.945 0.052 67.5% 4.2% 16.026 0 63.6% 11.3% 5.619 0 14.7% 2.4% 6.084 0 18.7% 8.6% 2.165 0.03 100.0% 100.0% worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural 61.5% 4.4% 13.969 0 60.3% 13.5% 4.471 0 22.9% 3.5% 6.519 0 27.3% 11.8% 2.309 0.021 15.6% 3.2% 4.931 0 12.3% 9.7% 1.276 0.202 100.0% 99.9% isease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 85.9% 3.3% 25.85 0 91.4% 7.1% 12.887 0 14.1% 3.3% 4.246 0 8.6% 7.1% 1.208 0.227 100.0% 100.0% 15.7% 2.5% 6.314 0 17.4% 10.3% 1.698 0.09 38.3% 4.4% 8.673 0 24.7% 14.1% 1.747 0.081 46.0% 4.2% 10.972 0 57.9% 13.7% 4.235 0 100.0% 100.0% scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.1% 0.1% 0.816 0.414 0.2% 0.7% 0.314 0.754 2.5% 1.8% 1.407 0.16 1.2% 2.4% 0.495 0.62 1.8% 0.9% 1.917 0.055 0.5% 2.0% 0.268 0.789 5.2% 3.1% 1.659 0.097 11.4% 9.3% 1.226 0.22 5.8% 1.4% 4.077 0 4.8% 3.6% 1.349 0.177 16.5% 3.3% 4.996 0 9.0% 6.3% 1.435 0.151 30.0% 3.5% 8.462 0 36.1% 12.4% 2.914 0.004 19.6% 3.8% 5.165 0 21.3% 9.6% 2.226 0.026 18.7% 3.2% 5.782 0 15.5% 8.9% 1.748 0.08 100.2% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value t is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 151 9.0% 3.0% 2.975 0.003 35 0.2% 0.3% 0.683 0.494 0 616 15.8% 2.1% 7.42 0 183 0.6% 0.4% 1.732 0.083 0 206 38.4% 4.5% 8.486 0 166 3.0% 1.2% 2.5 0.012 0 106 42.0% 5.2% 8.056 0 102 3.6% 1.8% 1.977 0.048 ave you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, d ra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 0 34 3.2% 1.8% 1.838 0.066 4 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 361 11.7% 2.7% 4.422 0 78 0.2% 0.2% 1.261 0.207 0 432 22.5% 2.6% 8.746 0 202 1.4% 0.6% 2.488 0.013 0 252 38.8% 4.2% 9.326 0 202 3.0% 1.0% 3.07 0.002 ast 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0 72 12.1% 4.4% 2.773 0.006 23 0.3% 0.4% 0.821 0.412 0 330 10.5% 3.0% 3.532 0 58 0.2% 0.3% 0.569 0.57 0 257 22.2% 3.3% 6.643 0 116 0.9% 0.5% 1.78 0.075 0 420 33.1% 3.0% 11.098 0 289 2.8% 0.7% 3.819 0 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value t is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 7.2% 2.4% 2.951 0.003 2.4% 3.3% 0.722 0.47 37.2% 4.2% 8.917 0 23.4% 12.4% 1.891 0.059 36.6% 4.2% 8.814 0 47.2% 14.4% 3.279 0.001 19.0% 3.0% 6.421 0 27.0% 12.0% 2.248 0.025 100.0% 100.0% ave you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., r multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, 0.8% 0.4% 1.83 0.067 0.0% 0.0% . . 18.1% 3.8% 4.751 0 5.5% 4.0% 1.39 0.164 36.3% 4.1% 8.746 0 36.8% 11.7% 3.149 0.002 44.8% 4.1% 10.9 0 57.6% 12.1% 4.783 0 100.0% 99.9% ast 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 5.0% 1.9% 2.595 0.009 2.1% 2.5% 0.83 0.407 14.6% 3.9% 3.741 0 3.3% 5.5% 0.598 0.55 21.6% 3.2% 6.821 0 14.1% 7.4% 1.914 0.056 58.8% 4.7% 12.537 0 80.5% 9.1% 8.804 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.606 1 0.4% 0.7% 0.557 0.577 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 1,077.00 23.0% 1.7% 13.318 0 486 1.4% 0.4% 4.001 0 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.1% 0.1% 0.556 0.578 0.0% 0.0% . . 99.9% 0.1% 716.022 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value y or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, h 0 103 13.3% 3.5% 3.754 0 31 1.0% 0.8% 1.228 0.22 0 166 20.3% 3.6% 5.638 0 66 1.1% 0.9% 1.185 0.236 0 321 23.5% 3.7% 6.276 0 133 1.3% 0.8% 1.689 0.091 0 235 23.9% 3.3% 7.272 0 137 2.2% 0.8% 2.632 0.008 0 427 10.0% 1.6% 6.419 0 84 0.3% 0.2% 1.19 0.234 0 110 21.4% 6.6% 3.223 0.001 48 0.5% 1.2% 0.442 0.659 0 118 21.4% 3.8% 5.635 0 53 1.8% 1.5% 1.171 0.242 0 424 37.0% 3.0% 12.259 0 301 2.8% 0.8% 3.583 0 0 527 14.1% 2.3% 6.154 0 140 0.6% 0.4% 1.613 0.107 0 31 25.3% 8.9% 2.834 0.005 18 1.1% 3.4% 0.318 0.75 0 32 18.7% 6.9% 2.705 0.007 14 2.0% 3.6% 0.547 0.585 0 236 41.4% 4.2% 9.741 0 196 4.0% 1.3% 3.125 0.002 os and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designin e; software programming; managing computer networks? 0 521 14.0% 2.3% 6.104 0 136 0.5% 0.3% 1.624 0.104 0 68 28.8% 6.4% 4.526 0 41 1.4% 2.7% 0.497 0.619 0 225 40.6% 4.1% 9.814 0 187 4.3% 1.5% 2.945 0.003 0 524 18.8% 2.1% 8.91 0 204 1.1% 0.5% 2.216 0.027 0 302 26.6% 3.3% 7.953 0 164 2.1% 0.9% 2.416 0.016 example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the w 0 150 15.5% 5.9% 2.607 0.009 40 0.4% 0.6% 0.65 0.516 0 68 26.2% 6.5% 4.055 0 38 1.7% 1.8% 0.971 0.331 0 162 21.1% 3.6% 5.8 0 71 2.4% 1.2% 1.89 0.059 0 446 22.9% 2.6% 8.905 0 219 1.5% 0.6% 2.473 0.013 ll anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0 68 33.0% 7.5% 4.399 0 45 1.9% 2.5% 0.763 0.446 0 221 26.9% 3.6% 7.442 0 137 2.4% 1.0% 2.335 0.02 0 216 16.0% 3.1% 5.21 0 72 1.1% 0.8% 1.368 0.171 0 321 17.9% 3.1% 5.754 0 114 0.9% 0.5% 1.71 0.087 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value y or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure hat require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 9.2% 2.4% 3.812 0 10.7% 8.9% 1.198 0.231 19.5% 3.4% 5.683 0 15.2% 10.3% 1.465 0.143 40.3% 5.0% 8.1 0 32.3% 14.6% 2.208 0.027 31.1% 4.1% 7.572 0 41.9% 13.8% 3.043 0.002 100.1% 100.1% 20.3% 3.0% 6.855 0 9.1% 7.4% 1.236 0.216 9.9% 3.0% 3.296 0.001 4.2% 9.0% 0.474 0.635 9.2% 1.8% 5.222 0 12.6% 10.2% 1.227 0.22 60.6% 3.9% 15.596 0 74.1% 12.7% 5.827 0 100.0% 100.0% 45.0% 5.2% 8.642 0 25.9% 12.4% 2.095 0.036 5.0% 1.9% 2.63 0.009 3.0% 9.0% 0.338 0.735 2.5% 1.0% 2.481 0.013 3.8% 6.7% 0.558 0.577 47.4% 5.0% 9.426 0 67.3% 13.9% 4.829 0 99.9% 100.0% os and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; puter aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 44.5% 5.2% 8.547 0 23.9% 11.9% 2.004 0.045 10.8% 2.6% 4.138 0 7.0% 12.9% 0.541 0.589 44.7% 4.9% 9.055 0 69.1% 15.5% 4.447 0 100.0% 100.0% 58.5% 4.3% 13.766 0 51.4% 15.5% 3.314 0.001 41.5% 4.3% 9.752 0 48.6% 15.5% 3.13 0.002 100.0% 100.0% example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where ople other than co- workers) 13.7% 5.0% 2.764 0.006 4.3% 6.4% 0.677 0.498 10.8% 2.6% 4.195 0 10.6% 11.2% 0.946 0.344 19.7% 3.2% 6.108 0 32.1% 13.5% 2.377 0.017 55.8% 5.6% 10.024 0 53.0% 14.8% 3.583 0 100.0% 100.0% ll anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 14.2% 3.6% 3.971 0 12.0% 13.9% 0.863 0.388 36.0% 4.2% 8.629 0 47.5% 16.0% 2.963 0.003 18.6% 3.4% 5.488 0 18.0% 10.7% 1.687 0.092 31.1% 4.7% 6.57 0 22.5% 11.9% 1.894 0.058 99.9% 100.0% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 3.10 0.05 60.00 - 3.11 0.18 17.06 - 3.31 0.04 75.95 - 3.32 0.13 24.83 - 3.34 0.03 99.52 - 3.38 0.10 32.50 - 2.62 0.06 46.16 - 2.85 0.16 18.36 - 3.17 0.04 73.64 - 3.23 0.12 26.56 - 3.01 0.05 64.95 - 3.06 0.14 21.65 - 3.31 0.04 84.19 - 3.27 0.12 27.26 - 1.54 0.05 30.20 - 1.43 0.15 9.64 - Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value find a salaried or wage job? 0 841 16.4% 1.5% 10.786 0 377 1.0% 0.3% 3.363 0.001 0 238 5.5% 1.1% 5.047 0 109 0.3% 0.2% 1.981 0.048 n hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterpris 0 717 17.8% 1.8% 10.069 0 318 1.3% 0.4% 3.077 0.002 0 124 3.6% 0.7% 5.262 0 59 0.1% 0.1% 0.777 0.437 he past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have foun g for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 0 158 7.9% 2.3% 3.39 0.001 45 0.2% 0.2% 0.864 0.388 0 80 15.7% 3.5% 4.492 0 64 1.1% 0.7% 1.605 0.108 0 88 2.4% 0.7% 3.534 0 28 0.2% 0.2% 0.994 0.32 0 221 5.7% 0.9% 6.035 0 88 0.4% 0.3% 1.508 0.131 0 395 12.1% 1.8% 6.899 0 196 0.8% 0.3% 2.513 0.012 0.012 13 0.6% 0.3% 2.112 0.035 6 0.0% 0.1% 0.218 0.827 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.30 2 12.5% 22.4% 0.56 0.58 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.00 143 36.1% 4.5% 8.01 0.00 121 4.2% 1.8% 2.27 0.02 0.00 338 24.9% 3.0% 8.26 0.00 171 1.5% 0.6% 2.35 0.02 0.00 198 13.6% 4.2% 3.22 0.00 44 0.4% 0.5% 0.72 0.47 0.00 145 11.8% 2.7% 4.34 0.00 31 0.5% 0.5% 0.99 0.32 n you set it up or took it over? 0.00 408 23.7% 3.2% 7.46 0.00 202 1.6% 0.6% 2.51 0.01 0.00 88 22.4% 5.4% 4.12 0.00 28 1.5% 1.5% 1.00 0.32 0.00 247 16.6% 2.5% 6.66 0.00 98 1.3% 0.8% 1.56 0.12 0.00 54 22.0% 7.5% 2.96 0.00 16 1.4% 1.9% 0.75 0.45 0.02 5 22.9% 20.4% 1.12 0.26 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 52 17.1% 3.0% 5.728 0 14 1.2% 1.0% 1.25 0.211 0 201 26.0% 7.5% 3.449 0.001 69 3.3% 3.6% 0.905 0.365 0 39 16.5% 7.2% 2.293 0.022 21 0.4% 0.5% 0.702 0.483 0.00 88 13.2% 3.9% 3.38 0.00 19 1.4% 1.3% 1.14 0.25 0.00 146 21.6% 5.8% 3.74 0.00 46 1.0% 1.1% 0.89 0.38 0.00 175 24.5% 4.9% 4.98 0.00 89 1.0% 0.9% 1.15 0.25 0.00 417 22.1% 2.3% 9.59 0.00 214 1.8% 0.6% 2.99 0.00 . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . ould be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0.00 251 24.2% 4.3% 5.61 0.00 93 1.6% 0.9% 1.73 0.08 0.00 574 20.4% 1.9% 10.53 0.00 274 1.4% 0.5% 2.64 0.01 0.00 13 25.3% 16.5% 1.54 0.13 12 1.3% 3.4% 0.39 0.69 0.00 20 18.0% 10.4% 1.73 0.09 5 1.7% 2.8% 0.61 0.55 0.10 3 53.3% 20.3% 2.62 0.01 6 6.9% 12.5% 0.56 0.58 0.00 410 20.4% 3.2% 6.42 0.00 167 1.3% 0.6% 2.04 0.04 0.00 24 39.3% 14.0% 2.80 0.01 26 1.6% 2.4% 0.68 0.50 0.00 28 21.9% 6.3% 3.46 0.00 18 2.7% 2.1% 1.25 0.21 0.00 49 21.1% 8.4% 2.51 0.01 16 0.3% 1.0% 0.33 0.74 0.00 146 16.2% 3.3% 4.91 0.00 55 1.7% 1.2% 1.42 0.16 0.03 11 42.9% 18.4% 2.33 0.02 8 0.3% 1.3% 0.22 0.83 0.01 13 23.8% 21.0% 1.14 0.26 5 2.6% 4.0% 0.65 0.52 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.1% 0.3% 0.493 0.622 0.0% 0.0% . . 27.9% 3.9% 7.192 0 46.6% 14.7% 3.164 0.002 45.7% 4.4% 10.363 0 40.8% 12.5% 3.252 0.001 14.9% 4.3% 3.501 0 6.0% 8.0% 0.746 0.456 11.3% 2.5% 4.528 0 6.6% 6.9% 0.96 0.337 99.9% 100.0% n you set it up or took it over? 84.0% 4.4% 19.142 0 84.6% 14.0% 6.023 0 16.0% 4.4% 3.64 0 15.4% 14.0% 1.098 0.272 100.0% 100.0% 80.5% 6.5% 12.338 0 84.5% 17.8% 4.733 0 18.3% 6.5% 2.836 0.005 15.5% 17.8% 0.871 0.384 1.2% 1.2% 0.978 0.328 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% 0.15 6.5% 229.1% 0.022 5.5% 9.1% 0.607 0.544 0.65 7.9% 824.1% 0 59.6% 28.3% 2.106 0.035 0.2 6.2% 324.2% 0.001 34.9% 28.3% 1.23 0.219 7.1% 2.2% 3.3 0.001 11.3% 8.9% 1.263 0.207 17.3% 4.6% 3.728 0 11.1% 11.4% 0.973 0.33 25.4% 4.6% 5.549 0 15.7% 12.2% 1.288 0.198 50.2% 4.5% 11.074 0 62.0% 15.2% 4.08 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.1% ould be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 31.2% 4.7% 6.647 0 30.3% 14.8% 2.051 0.04 68.8% 4.7% 14.684 0 69.7% 14.8% 4.708 0 100.0% 100.0% 2.5% 1.8% 1.397 0.163 1.8% 4.2% 0.422 0.673 1.9% 1.2% 1.608 0.108 2.6% 4.0% 0.633 0.527 1.7% 1.0% 1.704 0.088 3.6% 6.7% 0.537 0.592 53.5% 5.7% 9.435 0 46.9% 15.3% 3.07 0.002 7.2% 3.0% 2.377 0.017 4.1% 5.8% 0.708 0.479 5.0% 1.6% 3.145 0.002 9.0% 7.7% 1.165 0.244 6.0% 2.7% 2.259 0.024 1.2% 3.4% 0.347 0.729 18.4% 3.6% 5.183 0 28.0% 15.9% 1.761 0.078 2.0% 1.1% 1.778 0.075 0.2% 0.7% 0.217 0.828 1.9% 2.0% 0.958 0.338 2.8% 4.0% 0.703 0.482 100.1% 100.2% (1) Skills Acquisition History /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mon 7 100% 1,218.00 No 32.8% 7.0% 4.667 0 33 30 100% 1,343.00 Yes 21.8% 2.9% 7.439 0 132 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? 17 100% 1,323.00 Public 23.4% 3.5% 6.631 0 108 18 100% 729 Private 14.6% 3.7% 3.976 0 27 2 100% 40 Other 32.6% 16.8% 1.943 0.052 4 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational 31 100% 1,764.00 No 19.1% 2.8% 6.749 0 107 6 100% 792 Yes 43.9% 6.5% 6.74 0 58 Participation in training onal system)? Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work 23 100% 2,174.00 No 24.4% 2.9% 8.282 0 153 14 100% 402 Yes 18.0% 6.0% 2.993 0.003 13 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wor 18 100% 1,717.00 No 24.8% 3.0% 8.339 0 125 19 100% 860 Yes 20.1% 5.3% 3.781 0 41 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular 23 100% 1,071.00 No 23.2% 3.4% 6.789 0 67 14 100% 1,509.00 Yes 23.5% 4.0% 5.879 0 99 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mon No 19.7% 4.7% 4.22 0 14.5% Yes 80.3% 4.7% 17.182 0 85.5% Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 75.8% 5.5% 13.817 0 66.6% Private 20.3% 5.1% 3.992 0 30.4% Other 3.9% 2.4% 1.613 0.107 3.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational No 67.6% 5.5% 12.275 0 84.2% Yes 32.4% 5.5% 5.877 0 15.8% Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work part of the formal educational system)? No 88.2% 4.1% 21.473 0 84.3% Yes 11.8% 4.1% 2.869 0.004 15.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wor No 74.6% 5.9% 12.673 0 68.5% Yes 25.4% 5.9% 4.305 0 31.5% Total 100.0% 100.0% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular No 44.0% 6.2% 7.05 0 42.3% Yes 56.0% 6.2% 8.975 0 57.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% (2) Background Conditions /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Gender 23 100% 1,071.00 Male 23.2% 3.4% 6.789 0 67 14 100% 1,509.00 Female 23.5% 4.0% 5.879 0 99 Age 12 100% 656 15-24 22.9% 2.8% 8.26 0 138 12 100% 631 25- 28.9% 8.5% 3.424 0.001 28 7 100% 475 5 100% 475 1 100% 343 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 13 100% 1,550.00 Primary or Less 32.0% 4.6% 6.999 0 84 11 100% 620 Secondary 17.9% 3.7% 4.807 0 60 10 100% 168 Tertiary 7.6% 3.7% 2.033 0.042 5 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 11 100% 1,370.00 Primary or Less 29.4% 5.7% 5.186 0 67 12 100% 564 Secondary 20.4% 3.6% 5.65 0 58 12 100% 193 Tertiary 5.0% 3.2% 1.551 0.121 5 Socioeconomic status at age 15 n you were 15 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p 8 100% 852 Low SES 36.7% 8.8% 4.163 0 52 23 100% 1,398.00 Middle SES 20.6% 2.8% 7.261 0 96 6 100% 318 High SES 17.9% 5.9% 3.034 0.002 17 Household shocks before age 15 breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss o 24 100% 1,330.00 No shocks 18.7% 3.1% 6.068 0 72 12 100% 628 One shock 23.6% 4.7% 5.063 0 44 1 100% 610 Two or more shocks 33.6% 7.5% 4.475 0 49 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear 35 100% 2,095.00 No 24.4% 2.8% 8.825 0 152 2 100% 480 Yes 15.1% 8.9% 1.695 0.09 14 Household Asset Index 4 100% 953 Low 39.9% 6.1% 6.545 0 98 11 100% 888 Medium 19.0% 3.7% 5.173 0 42 22 100% 739 High 11.3% 3.4% 3.366 0.001 26 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 0 100% 19 1 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 1 0 100% 9 2 1 100% 34 3 65.0% 27.3% 2.379 0.017 2 0 100% 79 4 45.9% 16.1% 2.854 0.004 8 5 100% 198 5 44.3% 12.2% 3.621 0 13 4 100% 206 6 17.9% 6.3% 2.841 0.005 10 3 100% 394 7 20.0% 6.6% 3.025 0.002 25 10 100% 610 8 15.4% 3.9% 3.991 0 32 6 100% 379 9 25.2% 7.6% 3.29 0.001 24 8 100% 647 10 24.7% 4.9% 5.01 0 51 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Gender Male 44.0% 6.2% 7.05 0 42.3% Female 56.0% 6.2% 8.975 0 57.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 89.4% 3.1% 29.125 0 91.0% 25-34 10.6% 3.1% 3.469 0.001 9.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 56.8% 6.2% 9.179 0 37.3% Secondary 38.1% 6.4% 5.998 0 49.3% Tertiary 5.0% 2.5% 1.986 0.047 13.4% Total 99.9% 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 57.7% 6.9% 8.355 0 43.6% Secondary 38.6% 6.5% 5.902 0 41.8% Tertiary 3.7% 2.5% 1.509 0.131 14.6% Total 100.0% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p think your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 31.4% 6.9% 4.54 0 19.9% Middle SES 56.2% 7.0% 8.063 0 62.2% High SES 12.4% 4.0% 3.117 0.002 17.8% Total 100.0% 99.9% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 41.5% 6.1% 6.815 0 51.0% One shock 24.8% 5.1% 4.83 0 23.7% Two or more shocks 33.8% 6.5% 5.213 0 25.3% Total 100.1% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear No 92.9% 4.0% 23.151 0 86.3% Yes 7.1% 4.0% 1.763 0.078 13.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 56.9% 6.4% 8.927 0 32.4% Medium 27.0% 5.3% 5.054 0 32.5% High 16.1% 4.5% 3.596 0 35.1% Total 100.0% 100.0% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 1 0.4% 0.4% 0.993 0.32 0.0% 2 3 1.3% 1.1% 1.255 0.21 0.1% 4 5.5% 2.2% 2.478 0.013 2.2% 5 10.7% 3.9% 2.724 0.006 4.4% 6 3.9% 1.4% 2.72 0.007 6.1% 7 15.0% 4.7% 3.172 0.002 21.4% 8 15.7% 4.0% 3.87 0 21.3% 9 19.3% 6.1% 3.165 0.002 16.1% 10 28.2% 5.2% 5.44 0 28.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, wh 0 100% 510 skill not used 61.4% 9.8% 6.293 0 40 9 100% 1,352.00 low 27.3% 3.9% 7.054 0 84 18 100% 461 medium 14.5% 4.4% 3.279 0.001 32 10 100% 248 high 8.1% 3.6% 2.225 0.026 9 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) osts, use or calculate fractions, decimals Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math su 0 100% 158 skill not used 79.3% 11.6% 6.825 0 17 3 100% 924 low 35.7% 6.0% 5.98 0 66 15 100% 926 medium 18.8% 3.7% 5.124 0 42 19 100% 563 high 14.7% 3.9% 3.777 0 40 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the 0 100% 262 skill not used 46.3% 9.5% 4.887 0 20 0 100% 799 low 34.9% 7.1% 4.926 0 57 8 100% 575 medium 24.1% 5.4% 4.467 0 40 29 100% 935 high 16.0% 3.7% 4.305 0 48 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, wh skill not used 26.3% 6.4% 4.107 0 6.6% low 47.9% 6.0% 7.999 0 44.6% medium 20.2% 5.6% 3.636 0 32.2% high 5.6% 2.6% 2.12 0.034 16.6% Total 100.0% 100.0% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform an trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 13.8% 5.8% 2.371 0.018 1.5% low 36.7% 6.5% 5.656 0 25.6% medium 20.6% 4.2% 4.875 0 26.1% high 29.0% 6.6% 4.404 0 46.7% Total 100.1% 99.9% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the skill not used 10.9% 3.1% 3.493 0 4.0% low 32.1% 6.1% 5.273 0 24.8% medium 21.1% 4.7% 4.481 0 21.9% high 35.9% 6.7% 5.324 0 49.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 0 100% 148 No 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 7 37 100% 2,390.00 Yes 22.9% 2.6% 8.706 0 155 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 2.5% 1.1% 2.176 0.03 0.0% Yes 97.5% 1.1% 85.51 0 100.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) be done. As part of this work, how Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 3 100% 313 skill not used 30.0% 8.0% 3.77 0 21 6 100% 394 low 31.6% 6.1% 5.164 0 35 9 100% 693 medium 21.5% 5.5% 3.933 0 38 14 100% 542 high 24.1% 7.8% 3.081 0.002 25 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months 4 100% 1,224.00 skill not used 42.8% 5.3% 8.042 0 87 0 100% 222 low 19.0% 9.3% 2.045 0.041 17 2 100% 234 medium 25.8% 7.6% 3.399 0.001 19 31 100% 890 high 12.4% 2.7% 4.656 0 42 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 7 100% 1,303.00 skill not used 32.8% 4.5% 7.241 0 101 0 100% 69 low 14.7% 8.4% 1.742 0.081 7 1 100% 66 medium 30.6% 17.0% 1.792 0.073 3 24 100% 510 high 7.7% 3.6% 2.155 0.031 8 Type of software use at work (score) e (such as powerpoint); designing Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as ma designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other anal 7 100% 1,290.00 skill not used 33.0% 4.6% 7.243 0 101 1 100% 148 low 16.6% 6.3% 2.623 0.009 10 24 100% 488 medium 7.2% 3.4% 2.154 0.031 7 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (s 15 100% 1,283.00 yes 28.7% 3.7% 7.656 0 95 17 100% 665 no 17.0% 6.0% 2.849 0.004 24 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) ent and 10 means much of the work Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 0 100% 386 skill not used 32.5% 6.8% 4.769 0 39 2 100% 151 low 17.2% 11.8% 1.458 0.145 5 12 100% 377 medium 18.9% 5.9% 3.194 0.001 18 18 100% 1,034.00 high 27.6% 5.2% 5.321 0 57 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or 3 100% 154 skill not used 11.6% 6.5% 1.788 0.074 6 16 100% 525 low 26.3% 7.2% 3.683 0 36 3 100% 503 medium 31.1% 6.2% 4.985 0 37 10 100% 766 high 24.1% 4.8% 4.966 0 40 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertak skill not used 15.9% 4.7% 3.414 0.001 12.2% low 26.3% 5.7% 4.633 0 17.2% medium 34.5% 8.0% 4.32 0 43.9% high 23.3% 6.8% 3.411 0.001 26.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months skill not used 51.3% 6.1% 8.381 0 23.5% low 8.6% 3.9% 2.178 0.029 13.6% medium 14.6% 4.5% 3.229 0.001 13.6% high 25.5% 5.2% 4.939 0 49.3% Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 86.8% 3.8% 22.918 0 66.3% low 3.4% 2.0% 1.676 0.094 6.2% medium 2.2% 1.4% 1.61 0.107 1.9% high 7.6% 3.5% 2.149 0.032 25.6% Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as ma presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (co programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 86.9% 3.8% 23.099 0 66.6% low 6.8% 2.6% 2.624 0.009 9.8% medium 6.3% 3.0% 2.109 0.035 23.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (s yes 81.4% 5.8% 13.926 0 68.8% no 18.6% 5.8% 3.185 0.001 31.2% Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting skill not used 25.4% 5.7% 4.484 0 22.6% low 8.4% 5.6% 1.494 0.135 14.0% medium 15.9% 5.1% 3.13 0.002 21.8% high 50.3% 7.6% 6.631 0 41.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or skill not used 4.3% 2.4% 1.773 0.076 7.7% low 37.0% 8.3% 4.438 0 35.3% medium 29.3% 6.6% 4.441 0 23.4% high 29.4% 5.9% 5.007 0 33.6% Total 100.0% 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. 3.0items) Extraversion (average of 4 different 7.9% 38.113 0 3.0 Conscientiousness (average of 3 different 3.2 items) 44.831 7.2% 0 3.2 Openness (average of 3 different 3.2items) 7.2% 44.215 0 3.2 Emotional Stability (average of 32.5different items)26.555 9.4% 0 2.5 3.0 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 5.8% 51.452 0 3.0 Grit (average of 3 different items)2.8 11.1% 25.566 0 2.8 Decision making (average of 4 different 2.9 items) 28.217 10.4% 0 3.1 Hostile Bias (average of 2 different 1.7items)5.9% 28.061 0 1.6 (6) Labor Market Outcomes /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way t 30 77% 1,987.00 No 17.1% 2.3% 7.321 0 120 7 23% 587 Yes 6.3% 1.4% 4.528 0 45 Employment status ple, a public or private enterprise or Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at leas enterprise or company, an NGO or any other individual? 29 86% 1,716.00 Employed 20.5% 3.0% 6.818 0 101 1 14% 271 Unemployed 4.3% 1.4% 3.065 0.002 19 Educational status of inactive population do not want to work, have found a job Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work i found a job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from em 1 62% 417 Inactive not in education 10.4% 2.7% 3.904 0 26 6 38% 170 Inactive and in education 10.0% 3.8% 2.646 0.008 19 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 3 11% 184 Employer 0.4% 0.3% 1.475 0.14 4 7 36% 591 Self-employed 10.6% 2.8% 3.764 0 38 19 52% 910 Wage worker 15.4% 3.2% 4.831 0 56 0 2% 31 Unpaid family worker/other 0.6% 0.5% 1.176 0.24 3 /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (o 0 100% 14 Military personnel 94.9% 20.2% 4.705 0 4 16 100% 337 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 10.8% 5.9% 1.829 0.067 5 13 100% 766 Low skilled white collar 23.8% 4.8% 4.995 0 49 0 100% 439 35.4% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 7.1% machine operator and 4.955 27 0 assemblers 3 100% 392 Elementary occupations 30.6% 8.4% 3.665 0 34 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w 19 100% 941 No 25.6% 4.7% 5.427 0 59 3 100% 184 Yes 9.2% 6.4% 1.436 0.151 4 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 8 100% 657 myself only 30.9% 7.6% 4.086 0 40 2 100% 106 2-5 5.0% 10.2% 0.489 0.625 1 0 100% 8 6-max 6.7% 8.5% 0.786 0.432 1 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? 1 100% 140 No 0.172 9.7% 176.5% 0.077 8 7 100% 482 Yes, with constraints 0.677 11.6% 582.2% 0 22 2 100% 99 Yes, no constraints 0.151 8.5% 177.6% 0.076 6 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 3 100% 228 Not useful at all 36.6% 8.4% 4.354 0 26 3 100% 328 Somewhat useful 23.0% 5.9% 3.917 0 26 4 100% 408 Moderately useful 20.1% 5.1% 3.933 0 26 22 100% 975 Very useful 26.0% 6.3% 4.143 0 40 0 100% 9 Respondent without formal schooling 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 1 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think 11 100% 519 Correct qualification for job 23.4% 6.2% 3.789 0 36 21 100% 1,426.00 Over or underqualified for job 26.6% 3.9% 6.87 0 83 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 0 100% 30 through public employment agency 3.9% 6.1% 0.648 0.517 1 1 100% 38 31.8% 21.3% through private employment agency 1.492 0.136 4 0 100% 12 through university/school career10.1% office 12.6% 0.801 0.423 1 16 100% 966 through social network (friends/relatives/others) 27.4% 4.8% 5.733 0 63 1 100% 67 through media/internet 12.8% 8.4% 1.52 0.128 3 4 100% 87 employer contacted you 26.7% 10.7% 2.502 0.012 9 0 100% 94 contacted employer directly 46.0% 18.9% 2.44 0.015 6 6 100% 370 started own business 26.6% 9.4% 2.836 0.005 14 0 100% 25 2.2% job obtained after training/apprenticeship with 9.6% 0.228 employer 0.82 0 1 100% 24 other (specify) 13.8% 21.1% 0.657 0.511 0 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (o Military personnel 0.5% 0.4% 1.191 0.234 0.0% 5.8% 3.3% 1.768 0.077 12.3% Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians Low skilled white collar 43.7% 7.4% 5.933 0 46.5% 19.4% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 4.7% machine 4.085 0 assemblers operator and 14.1% Elementary occupations 30.5% 7.1% 4.286 0 27.1% Total 99.9% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w No 97.4% 1.8% 54.583 0 92.9% Yes 2.6% 1.8% 1.454 0.146 7.1% Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 98.9% 1.7% 58.398 0 90.2% 2-5 0.8% 1.6% 0.476 0.634 8.1% 6-max 0.3% 0.4% 0.865 0.387 1.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 17.2% 9.7% 1.765 0.077 9.2% Yes, with constraints 67.7% 11.6% 5.822 0 77.1% Yes, no constraints 15.1% 8.5% 1.776 0.076 13.7% Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 19.9% 5.4% 3.665 0 12.7% Somewhat useful 18.9% 5.0% 3.776 0 22.5% Moderately useful 19.6% 5.0% 3.896 0 24.8% Very useful 41.5% 7.8% 5.288 0 40.0% 0.1% Respondent without formal schooling 0.1% 0.988 0.323 0.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think Correct qualification for job 34.7% 8.0% 4.312 0 39.1% Over or underqualified for job 65.3% 8.0% 8.113 0 60.9% Total 100.0% 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? through public employment agency 0.6% 0.9% 0.712 0.477 6.9% through private employment agency3.3% 2.8% 1.191 0.234 2.9% office through university/school career 0.6% 0.7% 0.796 0.426 0.5% 61.0% 8.6% through social network (friends/relatives/others) 7.133 0 60.6% through media/internet 1.6% 1.0% 1.594 0.111 3.5% employer contacted you 6.1% 2.7% 2.283 0.022 4.5% contacted employer directly 15.3% 8.9% 1.714 0.086 9.1% started own business 11.1% 4.1% 2.706 0.007 9.7% 0.1% job obtained after training/apprenticeship 0.3% with 0.217 employer 0.828 1.0% other (specify) 0.4% 0.6% 0.62 0.535 1.4% Total 100.1% 100.1% Youth (ages 15-24) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 46.9% 8.3% 5.654 0 54 19.6% 6.4% 3.072 0.002 20 0.7% 1.5% 45.1% 3.7% 12.191 0 299 31.2% 2.9% 10.568 0 178 1.9% 0.9% our highest education grade? 45.3% 4.2% 10.668 0 232 29.8% 3.7% 8.145 0 126 1.5% 0.9% 48.3% 5.2% 9.343 0 103 34.6% 4.9% 7.036 0 73 2.5% 1.4% 54.9% 19.3% 2.848 0.004 11 10.8% 13.5% 0.799 0.424 0 1.7% 3.6% ting the highest educational level that you started? 46.1% 3.7% 12.329 0 288 32.7% 3.0% 10.803 0 186 2.1% 0.9% 41.5% 7.5% 5.557 0 65 14.5% 6.0% 2.42 0.016 13 0.1% 0.3% raining courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educatio 45.0% 3.5% 12.732 0 295 29.0% 3.1% 9.317 0 159 1.6% 0.8% 46.6% 9.4% 4.933 0 58 33.0% 7.2% 4.581 0 40 2.4% 3.1% training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 44.1% 4.0% 10.972 0 250 29.4% 3.6% 8.062 0 128 1.7% 0.9% 48.1% 7.1% 6.746 0 103 30.0% 4.9% 6.121 0 71 1.8% 1.1% ent certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 43.2% 4.6% 9.477 0 155 31.5% 4.4% 7.166 0 90 2.1% 1.2% 46.9% 4.4% 10.747 0 198 28.1% 4.0% 6.958 0 109 1.5% 1.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 3.1% 4.634 0 9.3% 3.1% 2.999 0.003 6.6% 12.8% 0.511 0.61 3.1% 27.29 0 90.7% 3.1% 29.31 0 93.4% 12.8% 7.278 0 100.0% 100.0% our highest education grade? 4.0% 16.642 0 66.2% 5.0% 13.251 0 55.7% 18.6% 2.993 0.003 3.9% 7.821 0 32.9% 5.0% 6.538 0 41.6% 19.3% 2.151 0.032 1.4% 2.059 0.04 0.9% 1.2% 0.744 0.457 2.7% 5.6% 0.484 0.628 100.0% 100.0% ting the highest educational level that you started? 3.2% 26.521 0 91.6% 3.6% 25.686 0 98.5% 6.4% 15.39 0 3.2% 4.967 0 8.4% 3.6% 2.365 0.018 1.5% 6.4% 0.235 0.814 100.0% 100.0% raining courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not 3.5% 24.134 0 82.9% 4.1% 20.233 0 79.4% 21.2% 3.735 0 3.5% 4.511 0 17.1% 4.1% 4.17 0 20.6% 21.2% 0.971 0.331 100.0% 100.0% training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 5.3% 13.001 0 69.9% 5.1% 13.749 0 67.7% 17.3% 3.913 0 5.3% 5.977 0 30.1% 5.1% 5.921 0 32.3% 17.3% 1.866 0.062 100.0% 100.0% ent certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 4.4% 9.61 0 47.2% 6.1% 7.776 0 54.5% 18.9% 2.888 0.004 4.4% 13.112 0 52.8% 6.1% 8.709 0 45.5% 18.9% 2.409 0.016 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE 43.2% 4.6% 9.477 0 155 31.5% 4.4% 7.166 0 90 2.1% 1.2% 46.9% 4.4% 10.747 0 198 28.1% 4.0% 6.958 0 109 1.5% 1.0% 45.1% 3.4% 13.293 0 324 30.2% 3.0% 10.132 0 182 1.9% 0.8% 47.4% 13.1% 3.614 0 29 23.0% 10.7% 2.153 0.031 17 0.6% 2.0% 44.2% 5.2% 8.505 0 140 22.9% 4.0% 5.688 0 53 0.9% 0.8% 48.5% 5.6% 8.739 0 147 32.5% 4.8% 6.744 0 100 1.1% 1.1% 42.1% 8.2% 5.156 0 54 44.5% 9.4% 4.758 0 46 5.9% 4.0% 46.3% 6.2% 7.477 0 135 23.1% 4.3% 5.397 0 67 1.2% 0.8% 46.3% 5.3% 8.669 0 129 32.2% 5.1% 6.326 0 73 1.1% 1.1% 41.0% 10.0% 4.085 0 40 48.3% 9.0% 5.37 0 44 5.7% 3.6% RST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was whe 45.1% 9.5% 4.76 0 64 17.5% 4.8% 3.65 0 28 0.7% 1.3% 44.3% 3.7% 11.974 0 233 33.2% 3.7% 9.044 0 136 1.9% 1.0% 49.5% 8.6% 5.788 0 56 30.1% 7.0% 4.318 0 35 2.5% 2.0% inancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family ss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 44.4% 4.2% 10.556 0 184 34.8% 4.1% 8.435 0 123 2.1% 1.2% 43.7% 6.5% 6.695 0 95 30.3% 5.5% 5.535 0 46 2.3% 2.0% 48.7% 8.1% 5.995 0 74 17.2% 4.6% 3.701 0 30 0.5% 0.8% abetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 43.9% 3.4% 13.048 0 317 29.8% 2.8% 10.514 0 179 1.8% 0.8% 56.2% 11.2% 5.012 0 36 27.5% 8.9% 3.104 0.002 20 1.3% 2.0% 43.9% 6.8% 6.437 0 119 15.0% 3.9% 3.857 0 37 1.3% 1.0% 44.5% 5.1% 8.762 0 125 35.4% 5.2% 6.839 0 76 1.2% 1.4% 47.5% 5.8% 8.148 0 109 38.4% 5.6% 6.865 0 86 2.8% 1.9% ngs considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% 8.8% 18.1% 0.483 0.629 1 17.5% 21.6% 0.807 0.419 0 8.8% 17.8% 36.0% 17.9% 2.007 0.045 8 18.0% 15.7% 1.151 0.25 1 0.0% 0.0% 35.1% 11.3% 3.114 0.002 16 18.2% 8.9% 2.048 0.041 5 2.4% 4.0% 54.0% 11.6% 4.645 0 26 28.2% 10.6% 2.658 0.008 11 0.0% 0.0% 55.3% 9.0% 6.123 0 62 23.5% 7.4% 3.195 0.001 30 1.2% 1.0% 40.6% 6.2% 6.572 0 78 40.5% 5.9% 6.804 0 63 3.5% 2.7% 40.9% 7.4% 5.529 0 57 32.4% 8.3% 3.88 0 45 1.6% 1.2% 48.0% 7.1% 6.756 0 105 26.3% 5.4% 4.904 0 44 1.0% 1.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 4.4% 9.61 0 47.2% 6.1% 7.776 0 54.5% 18.9% 2.888 0.004 4.4% 13.112 0 52.8% 6.1% 8.709 0 45.5% 18.9% 2.409 0.016 100.0% 100.0% 3.4% 26.502 0 93.3% 3.5% 26.976 0 96.9% 9.2% 10.511 0 3.4% 2.615 0.009 6.7% 3.5% 1.941 0.052 3.1% 9.2% 0.335 0.738 100.0% 100.0% 4.5% 8.304 0 29.0% 4.7% 6.184 0 21.8% 17.3% 1.261 0.207 4.9% 10.056 0 49.7% 6.0% 8.325 0 28.1% 23.3% 1.205 0.228 3.1% 4.371 0 21.2% 5.1% 4.167 0 50.1% 23.3% 2.151 0.031 99.9% 100.0% 5.3% 8.208 0 32.0% 5.4% 5.981 0 27.9% 15.9% 1.762 0.078 4.7% 8.893 0 42.8% 6.3% 6.83 0 23.0% 19.7% 1.167 0.243 4.2% 3.476 0.001 25.2% 5.1% 4.919 0 49.1% 21.0% 2.34 0.019 100.0% 100.0% RST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you 4.7% 4.246 0 11.8% 3.0% 3.911 0 8.8% 12.2% 0.72 0.472 5.2% 12.076 0 71.5% 4.9% 14.544 0 68.0% 19.1% 3.554 0 3.9% 4.541 0 16.6% 4.1% 4.066 0 23.3% 16.2% 1.434 0.152 99.9% 100.1% inancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a hol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood nt; or others. 4.8% 10.687 0 61.2% 5.6% 11.013 0 59.4% 23.1% 2.573 0.01 3.8% 6.299 0 25.2% 4.7% 5.319 0 33.4% 22.5% 1.489 0.136 4.7% 5.333 0 13.6% 3.5% 3.881 0 7.2% 11.0% 0.65 0.516 100.0% 100.0% abetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 4.3% 20.114 0 89.7% 3.1% 28.868 0 92.5% 11.5% 8.041 0 4.3% 3.202 0.001 10.3% 3.1% 3.309 0.001 7.5% 11.5% 0.649 0.517 100.0% 100.0% 5.1% 6.395 0 16.9% 4.1% 4.116 0 27.1% 21.4% 1.266 0.206 3.7% 8.696 0 39.8% 6.1% 6.472 0 20.5% 21.0% 0.978 0.328 4.8% 7.296 0 43.3% 5.9% 7.385 0 52.4% 21.3% 2.454 0.014 100.0% 100.0% ngs considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.2% 0.413 0.679 0.3% 0.4% 0.782 0.434 2.7% 5.6% 0.484 0.628 1.4% 1.566 0.117 1.7% 1.7% 1.023 0.306 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.6% 2.787 0.005 3.5% 1.7% 2.001 0.045 8.9% 15.2% 0.588 0.557 1.8% 3.506 0 4.9% 2.0% 2.414 0.016 0.0% 0.0% . . 4.7% 4.55 0 13.9% 4.2% 3.33 0.001 12.3% 10.9% 1.136 0.256 3.6% 5.832 0 32.4% 4.9% 6.571 0 44.8% 20.7% 2.163 0.031 2.8% 5.845 0 19.6% 5.3% 3.669 0 17.1% 12.0% 1.426 0.154 4.8% 5.891 0 23.8% 5.0% 4.729 0 14.1% 14.3% 0.988 0.323 100.1% 99.9% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 30.1% 9.7% 3.097 0.002 24 8.0% 5.1% 1.569 0.117 10 0.4% 1.0% 49.1% 5.1% 9.629 0 170 22.9% 3.7% 6.151 0 56 0.7% 0.7% 44.3% 5.9% 7.564 0 99 38.3% 5.5% 6.909 0 84 3.0% 1.7% 46.8% 7.3% 6.411 0 60 42.2% 6.7% 6.294 0 49 2.9% 2.6% ies over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or co vision, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 16.5% 10.4% 1.587 0.113 8 4.2% 4.4% 0.958 0.338 1 0.0% 0.0% 48.5% 6.7% 7.228 0 96 15.5% 5.0% 3.072 0.002 26 0.3% 0.4% 46.2% 5.9% 7.837 0 96 33.5% 6.1% 5.469 0 59 1.6% 1.2% 45.7% 5.3% 8.681 0 153 36.9% 4.6% 7.96 0 113 2.8% 1.5% things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 32.6% 9.4% 3.483 0 15 20.2% 7.4% 2.728 0.006 10 0.9% 1.8% 52.1% 7.8% 6.641 0 90 13.0% 4.2% 3.05 0.002 15 0.1% 0.3% 48.6% 7.8% 6.258 0 74 25.9% 6.0% 4.286 0 37 1.4% 1.2% 42.6% 4.3% 9.815 0 174 38.8% 4.3% 9.059 0 137 2.7% 1.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 2.1% 3.112 0.002 2.7% 1.7% 1.607 0.108 2.1% 4.9% 0.416 0.677 4.5% 9.823 0 31.8% 4.9% 6.501 0 17.9% 18.1% 0.988 0.323 4.5% 7.098 0 42.5% 5.4% 7.886 0 55.3% 19.8% 2.8 0.005 3.2% 5.237 0 22.9% 4.2% 5.407 0 24.7% 18.1% 1.368 0.171 100.0% 100.0% ies over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, ls or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 0.9% 1.723 0.085 0.6% 0.6% 1.002 0.316 0.0% 0.0% . . 4.2% 6.157 0 12.5% 4.0% 3.107 0.002 3.6% 5.5% 0.646 0.518 4.0% 6.544 0 29.0% 5.9% 4.929 0 23.7% 15.7% 1.511 0.131 4.5% 10.458 0 57.9% 5.4% 10.706 0 72.7% 16.4% 4.445 0 100.0% 100.0% things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 1.3% 2.942 0.003 3.8% 1.5% 2.523 0.012 2.3% 4.9% 0.473 0.636 4.6% 5.36 0 9.4% 3.0% 3.104 0.002 1.0% 3.2% 0.296 0.767 4.1% 5.277 0 17.9% 4.3% 4.122 0 15.8% 12.3% 1.28 0.2 4.8% 10.294 0 68.9% 5.4% 12.836 0 81.0% 14.1% 5.736 0 100.0% 100.0% sment Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% 45.6% 3.2% 14.1 0 353 29.7% 2.7% 10.97 0 199 1.8% 0.8% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should 30 minutes of thinking? 40.7% 9.1% 4.453 0 29 27.3% 8.5% 3.193 0.001 15 2.0% 2.4% 36.7% 7.8% 4.726 0 42 30.1% 7.5% 3.999 0 28 1.5% 2.0% 48.3% 6.8% 7.095 0 115 28.5% 6.0% 4.728 0 47 1.7% 1.7% 48.4% 10.6% 4.577 0 52 25.6% 6.7% 3.842 0 35 1.9% 2.0% mputer in the past 3 months? 38.1% 5.1% 7.415 0 85 18.5% 4.2% 4.454 0 35 0.6% 0.7% 57.8% 11.9% 4.866 0 42 21.9% 8.2% 2.671 0.008 16 1.3% 3.1% 46.5% 8.4% 5.569 0 46 25.8% 7.4% 3.502 0 25 1.9% 2.5% 46.4% 4.5% 10.196 0 180 38.7% 4.2% 9.176 0 123 2.5% 1.4% o you use a computer? 44.2% 5.3% 8.305 0 145 22.2% 3.8% 5.76 0 61 0.9% 0.9% 47.2% 15.3% 3.094 0.002 13 35.8% 16.7% 2.138 0.033 7 2.3% 7.6% 46.9% 21.8% 2.156 0.031 4 22.0% 15.8% 1.398 0.162 3 0.5% 1.0% 45.9% 6.2% 7.341 0 76 42.4% 6.4% 6.588 0 55 4.1% 2.9% s in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software tistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer networks? 44.3% 5.3% 8.281 0 144 22.0% 3.9% 5.683 0 59 0.8% 0.9% 42.1% 10.6% 3.98 0 26 38.7% 11.6% 3.327 0.001 16 2.6% 6.3% 47.4% 6.8% 7.019 0 66 40.9% 6.7% 6.145 0 50 4.4% 3.0% the work of other workers (supervise)? 42.8% 4.6% 9.214 0 163 27.0% 4.1% 6.632 0 81 1.6% 1.0% 50.1% 8.9% 5.633 0 75 30.6% 7.0% 4.392 0 45 2.3% 2.4% ople other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involveme - workers) 50.9% 8.6% 5.887 0 51 16.2% 7.2% 2.253 0.024 18 0.4% 0.9% 50.4% 15.6% 3.23 0.001 26 31.2% 11.6% 2.703 0.007 16 1.2% 2.5% 45.7% 8.0% 5.696 0 49 32.9% 7.5% 4.398 0 30 2.5% 2.8% 40.3% 5.8% 6.95 0 112 30.0% 4.8% 6.203 0 62 2.2% 1.8% o you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 37.0% 13.0% 2.849 0.004 20 47.9% 14.7% 3.265 0.001 20 3.5% 7.4% 44.3% 8.1% 5.477 0 73 27.3% 5.9% 4.607 0 45 2.0% 1.4% 43.9% 6.7% 6.587 0 68 23.8% 5.8% 4.119 0 27 1.2% 1.7% 48.5% 7.4% 6.595 0 77 26.1% 6.2% 4.238 0 34 1.3% 1.4% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to ften do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 3.2% 3.775 0 13.1% 4.3% 3.021 0.003 19.4% 25.0% 0.777 0.437 4.0% 4.347 0 22.7% 5.9% 3.855 0 16.1% 17.9% 0.898 0.369 6.4% 6.82 0 41.4% 7.6% 5.415 0 37.3% 24.2% 1.54 0.124 6.8% 3.926 0 22.7% 5.8% 3.889 0 27.2% 25.4% 1.072 0.284 100.0% 100.0% mputer in the past 3 months? 3.4% 6.985 0 17.6% 4.0% 4.353 0 9.7% 12.5% 0.773 0.439 4.3% 3.185 0.001 7.9% 2.9% 2.702 0.007 6.5% 13.3% 0.492 0.622 2.8% 4.864 0 11.5% 3.3% 3.481 0 14.2% 18.3% 0.775 0.438 4.6% 10.748 0 63.0% 5.4% 11.702 0 69.6% 23.5% 2.957 0.003 100.0% 100.0% o you use a computer? 4.9% 13.476 0 53.2% 6.4% 8.359 0 35.0% 27.4% 1.276 0.202 2.4% 2.601 0.009 7.5% 4.3% 1.722 0.085 5.4% 15.1% 0.357 0.721 1.2% 1.55 0.121 1.5% 1.1% 1.291 0.197 0.6% 1.5% 0.394 0.694 4.4% 5.855 0 37.8% 6.5% 5.833 0 59.0% 27.7% 2.129 0.033 100.0% 100.0% s in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; g websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 4.9% 13.462 0 52.9% 6.4% 8.199 0 31.3% 28.1% 1.111 0.267 2.6% 3.695 0 14.4% 5.4% 2.66 0.008 10.4% 21.5% 0.482 0.63 4.4% 5.386 0 32.7% 6.1% 5.333 0 58.3% 30.1% 1.938 0.053 100.0% 100.0% the work of other workers (supervise)? 6.5% 10.574 0 69.5% 6.6% 10.545 0 65.3% 25.2% 2.594 0.009 6.5% 4.803 0 30.5% 6.6% 4.635 0 34.7% 25.2% 1.379 0.168 100.0% 100.0% ople other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, volves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 5.4% 4.217 0 11.5% 5.3% 2.189 0.029 4.0% 7.1% 0.565 0.572 6.1% 2.292 0.022 13.9% 4.6% 3.01 0.003 8.3% 17.6% 0.47 0.638 4.6% 4.769 0 25.0% 5.6% 4.49 0 29.6% 26.0% 1.138 0.255 6.1% 6.876 0 49.6% 6.5% 7.615 0 58.1% 28.1% 2.065 0.039 100.0% 100.0% o you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 3.0% 2.541 0.011 15.9% 5.8% 2.732 0.006 14.1% 22.5% 0.624 0.533 6.3% 5.567 0 34.8% 6.8% 5.105 0 44.6% 26.8% 1.663 0.096 4.2% 5.55 0 20.3% 5.0% 4.036 0 17.4% 18.3% 0.952 0.341 5.8% 5.774 0 29.0% 6.7% 4.312 0 23.9% 23.7% 1.009 0.313 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 4.8% 62.58 0 3.1 6.3% 48.418 0 3.1 27.7% 11.201 0 4.5% 71.836 0 3.2 6.3% 50.438 0 3.2 19.6% 16.325 0 4.1% 79.261 0 3.4 4.4% 76.677 0 3.4 15.4% 22.344 0 7.1% 34.855 0 2.6 7.3% 36.12 0 3.0 30.8% 9.591 0 4.5% 67.272 0 3.1 6.0% 51.043 0 3.1 17.7% 17.777 0 8.7% 32.505 0 2.9 6.6% 44.178 0 3.1 23.8% 12.933 0 5.8% 54.137 0 3.2 5.1% 64.072 0 3.2 17.7% 17.965 0 4.5% 34.455 0 1.5 5.5% 26.799 0 1.4 25.2% 5.68 0 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE ks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? 31.7% 3.0% 10.394 0 241 19.4% 2.3% 8.287 0 131 1.0% 0.6% 13.6% 2.1% 6.441 0 112 10.2% 2.1% 4.782 0 68 0.8% 0.4% have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for examp 33.8% 3.9% 8.701 0 176 20.3% 2.9% 6.989 0 96 1.3% 0.9% 12.0% 2.1% 5.643 0 65 7.8% 1.9% 4.18 0 35 0.2% 0.3% on you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, oyer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 11.0% 2.8% 3.918 0 35 4.1% 1.7% 2.432 0.015 11 0.1% 0.2% 33.2% 6.2% 5.363 0 77 28.8% 5.6% 5.177 0 57 2.4% 1.5% mployment? 2.2% 0.8% 2.595 0.009 14 1.8% 1.2% 1.563 0.118 2 0.2% 0.4% 14.0% 4.2% 3.316 0.001 38 7.8% 2.4% 3.249 0.001 31 0.6% 0.8% 26.3% 3.8% 6.972 0 114 15.0% 2.7% 5.488 0 57 0.8% 0.6% 2.1% 0.9% 2.272 0.023 10 2.1% 1.0% 2.051 0.04 6 0.0% 0.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE is what is your occupation (or job title)? 5.1% 20.2% 0.251 0.802 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% 40.1% 10.1% 3.953 0 34 43.8% 9.1% 4.792 0 31 5.3% 5.6% 44.6% 5.3% 8.473 0 114 30.1% 5.4% 5.536 0 66 1.5% 1.1% 45.4% 7.7% 5.932 0 43 18.2% 7.2% 2.551 0.011 9 0.9% 1.9% 47.8% 10.6% 4.496 0 47 20.7% 6.8% 3.048 0.002 19 0.9% 1.0% s/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 45.6% 5.1% 8.953 0 124 27.4% 4.3% 6.311 0 63 1.4% 1.1% 46.7% 17.0% 2.753 0.006 14 39.2% 18.1% 2.172 0.03 2 4.9% 8.4% 41.3% 9.7% 4.267 0 44 25.6% 7.0% 3.629 0 32 2.3% 2.4% 76.0% 24.2% 3.148 0.002 7 19.0% 24.6% 0.772 0.44 0 0.0% 0.0% 47.0% 40.7% 1.156 0.248 1 46.3% 40.0% 1.156 0.248 1 0.0% 0.0% your business? 0.092 0.068 134.4% 17.9% 4 0.07 0.051 1.371 17.0% 5 8.1% 0.189 0.771 0.096 799.8% 0.0% 36 0.513 0.158 3.243 0.1% 12 20.4% 0.392 0.137 0.085 161.3% 10.7% 5 0.417 0.16 2.604 0.9% 8 71.6% 0.387 cation for this work? 41.2% 9.1% 4.517 0 39 21.0% 7.8% 2.698 0.007 9 1.2% 1.3% 48.3% 9.6% 5.038 0 56 26.4% 8.9% 2.953 0.003 17 2.4% 2.9% 45.1% 7.8% 5.795 0 53 32.9% 7.0% 4.666 0 37 1.9% 2.1% 44.2% 7.3% 6.036 0 90 28.2% 5.2% 5.439 0 63 1.6% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% rmal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 46.5% 6.5% 7.114 0 94 28.3% 5.5% 5.141 0 42 1.8% 1.8% 43.8% 5.0% 8.805 0 143 27.9% 3.9% 7.137 0 84 1.7% 1.3% as [occupation]? 71.2% 26.5% 2.689 0.007 5 22.9% 25.3% 0.904 0.366 4 1.9% 6.2% 46.7% 22.4% 2.087 0.037 7 19.9% 14.3% 1.395 0.163 2 1.6% 6.3% 14.6% 17.9% 0.813 0.416 1 69.1% 24.9% 2.776 0.006 3 6.3% 17.7% 44.9% 6.8% 6.575 0 104 26.3% 5.4% 4.841 0 63 1.4% 1.3% 45.6% 19.9% 2.293 0.022 9 40.5% 20.8% 1.952 0.051 4 1.0% 3.2% 32.7% 14.3% 2.286 0.022 5 37.9% 13.3% 2.852 0.004 9 2.6% 2.7% 45.0% 18.1% 2.485 0.013 19 9.0% 10.9% 0.82 0.412 2 0.0% 0.0% 38.5% 12.4% 3.105 0.002 19 31.1% 12.6% 2.463 0.014 7 3.8% 5.9% 59.9% 33.8% 1.773 0.076 3 38.0% 33.4% 1.135 0.257 2 0.0% 0.0% 79.1% 28.2% 2.801 0.005 4 7.1% 24.3% 0.29 0.772 0 0.0% 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value is what is your occupation (or job title)? 0.1% 0.218 0.828 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.4% 3.62 0 21.7% 5.5% 3.955 0 37.7% 27.3% 1.379 0.168 6.1% 7.616 0 50.3% 7.6% 6.653 0 40.9% 23.6% 1.735 0.083 3.0% 4.651 0 9.1% 3.9% 2.326 0.02 6.5% 13.0% 0.498 0.618 6.9% 3.924 0 18.9% 5.8% 3.254 0.001 14.9% 20.2% 0.739 0.46 100.0% 100.0% s/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 2.7% 34.562 0 90.4% 5.7% 15.802 0 81.8% 28.9% 2.831 0.005 2.7% 2.638 0.008 9.6% 5.7% 1.678 0.093 18.2% 28.9% 0.628 0.53 100.0% 100.0% 5.2% 17.25 0 93.8% 6.0% 15.661 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 4.5% 1.809 0.071 3.4% 4.8% 0.702 0.483 0.0% 0.0% . . 2.3% 0.759 0.448 2.8% 3.5% 0.808 0.419 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% your business? 6.8% 1.344 0.179 7.0% 5.1% 1.37 0.17 8.1% 18.9% 0.425 0.671 9.6% 7.998 0 51.3% 15.8% 3.24 0.00 20.4% 39.2% 0.519 0.604 8.5% 1.613 0.107 41.7% 16.0% 2.60 0.01 71.6% 38.7% 1.85 0.064 cation for this work? 3.2% 3.974 0 10.4% 4.1% 2.519 0.012 11.3% 14.5% 0.781 0.435 4.9% 4.557 0 19.6% 6.5% 3 0.003 27.4% 25.7% 1.064 0.287 5.3% 4.711 0 29.0% 6.3% 4.6 0 26.7% 26.4% 1.012 0.311 6.6% 6.102 0 40.9% 6.6% 6.244 0 34.6% 25.3% 1.367 0.171 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 99.9% 100.0% rmal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 5.6% 6.945 0 38.0% 6.3% 6.065 0 37.4% 25.6% 1.464 0.143 5.6% 10.819 0 62.0% 6.3% 9.892 0 62.6% 25.6% 2.447 0.014 100.0% 100.0% as [occupation]? 5.8% 1.193 0.233 3.7% 4.9% 0.762 0.446 4.0% 11.1% 0.359 0.72 1.7% 1.676 0.094 2.1% 1.5% 1.376 0.169 1.4% 5.5% 0.247 0.805 0.6% 0.778 0.437 3.9% 2.7% 1.473 0.141 6.8% 19.0% 0.36 0.719 7.6% 7.98 0 59.1% 9.3% 6.363 0 50.1% 27.4% 1.828 0.068 1.9% 1.856 0.063 5.1% 3.7% 1.393 0.164 2.7% 8.8% 0.313 0.754 2.4% 1.848 0.065 8.7% 3.8% 2.306 0.021 11.9% 13.9% 0.861 0.389 3.6% 2.551 0.011 3.0% 3.6% 0.824 0.41 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.6% 2.713 0.007 13.1% 6.1% 2.145 0.032 23.0% 26.0% 0.884 0.377 0.8% 1.232 0.218 1.1% 1.3% 0.857 0.391 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.0% 1.402 0.161 0.2% 0.8% 0.249 0.804 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 99.9% Level 4/5 Total t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.481 0.63 1 100% 108 2.081 0.037 12 100% 621 1.651 0.099 5 100% 471 1.843 0.065 7 100% 210 0.476 0.634 1 100% 16 2.247 0.025 13 100% 594 0.249 0.803 0 100% 136 art of the formal educational system)? 2.076 0.038 10 100% 617 0.777 0.437 3 100% 114 1.851 0.064 9 100% 512 1.657 0.097 4 100% 219 1.843 0.065 7 100% 319 1.523 0.128 6 100% 412 Level 4/5 Total t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.843 0.065 7 100% 319 1.523 0.128 6 100% 412 2.216 0.027 12 100% 656 0.321 0.748 1 100% 75 1.181 0.238 2 100% 279 0.988 0.323 3 100% 310 1.464 0.143 7 100% 112 1.541 0.123 4 100% 273 0.973 0.331 2 100% 262 1.573 0.116 7 100% 96 hink your family was when you were 15 years old? 0.582 0.561 1 100% 145 1.897 0.058 9 100% 474 1.25 0.211 3 100% 111 usehold member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; acement; or others. 1.681 0.093 7 100% 386 1.18 0.238 6 100% 191 0.59 0.555 0 100% 153 2.217 0.027 13 100% 661 0.624 0.532 0 100% 70 1.296 0.195 4 100% 258 0.813 0.416 1 100% 244 1.513 0.13 8 100% 229 . . 0 100% 1 0.497 0.619 1 100% 4 . . 0 100% 17 0.612 0.541 2 100% 36 . . 0 100% 47 1.145 0.252 2 100% 119 1.305 0.192 4 100% 177 1.38 0.168 1 100% 127 0.923 0.356 3 100% 203 Level 4/5 Total t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.414 0.679 0 100% 74 0.961 0.337 1 100% 311 1.781 0.075 10 100% 225 1.127 0.26 2 100% 120 etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, . . 0 100% 26 0.612 0.541 0 100% 188 1.309 0.191 2 100% 199 1.889 0.059 11 100% 317 0.478 0.632 0 100% 45 0.287 0.774 0 100% 162 1.212 0.225 3 100% 154 2.201 0.028 10 100% 369 Level 4/5 Total t-stat p-value N Row % N . . 0 100% 7 2.306 0.021 13 100% 720 Level 4/5 Total t-stat p-value N Row % N gure out how they should be done. As part of this work, 0.837 0.403 2 100% 67 0.76 0.447 1 100% 106 0.987 0.324 2 100% 202 0.949 0.343 3 100% 115 0.757 0.449 1 100% 208 0.403 0.687 0 100% 75 0.769 0.442 0 100% 90 1.852 0.064 12 100% 357 1.009 0.313 1 100% 308 0.297 0.767 0 100% 27 0.466 0.641 1 100% 11 1.395 0.163 6 100% 145 ntation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); 0.91 0.363 1 100% 305 0.408 0.684 0 100% 52 1.486 0.137 7 100% 130 1.501 0.133 5 100% 344 0.953 0.341 3 100% 147 where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the 0.483 0.629 0 100% 108 0.479 0.632 0 100% 47 0.885 0.376 1 100% 98 1.231 0.218 7 100% 238 0.481 0.631 0 100% 46 1.485 0.137 5 100% 159 0.741 0.459 1 100% 133 0.926 0.354 2 100% 153 Level 4/5 Total t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.557 0.119 6 69% 498 1.723 0.085 7 31% 232 your household, for example, a public or private 1.337 0.181 6 76% 379 0.491 0.623 0 24% 119 mpulsory military service, do not want to work, have e no jobs, other. 0.521 0.602 1 26% 73 1.596 0.111 6 74% 159 0.557 0.578 1 5% 21 0.717 0.474 1 33% 108 1.27 0.204 4 58% 231 0.218 0.827 0 5% 19 Level 4/5 Total t-stat p-value N Row % N . . 0 100% 4 0.947 0.344 2 100% 72 1.339 0.181 5 100% 234 0.486 0.627 0 100% 79 0.84 0.401 1 100% 101 1.262 0.207 4 100% 250 0.577 0.564 1 100% 21 0.924 0.356 2 100% 118 . . 0 100% 8 . . 0 100% 3 0.425 0.671 0 100% 17 0.519 0.604 0 100% 70 1.85 0.064 2 100% 21 0.906 0.365 1 100% 75 0.821 0.412 3 100% 102 0.873 0.383 1 100% 117 0.86 0.39 3 100% 196 . . 0 100% 1 1.014 0.311 5 100% 177 1.364 0.173 3 100% 313 0.315 0.753 0 100% 10 0.251 0.802 0 100% 13 0.352 0.724 0 100% 5 1.029 0.304 4 100% 234 0.316 0.752 0 100% 16 0.97 0.332 1 100% 24 . . 0 100% 27 0.649 0.517 1 100% 41 . . 0 100% 5 . . 0 100% 4 All adults (ages (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 29.70% 2.50% 11.966 0 258 51.40% 2.40% 21.17 0 Yes 24.40% 1.50% 16.282 0 485 50.70% 1.60% 32.27 0 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 26.30% 1.60% 16.856 0 711 51.60% 1.40% 36.612 0 Private 18.40% 4.00% 4.662 0 26 41.10% 5.00% 8.21 0 Other 72.00% 23.60% 3.057 0.002 5 25.30% 23.90% 1.059 0.29 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 25.60% 1.50% 16.745 0 683 50.90% 1.40% 35.665 0 Yes 30.70% 5.20% 5.888 0 59 51.70% 5.30% 9.816 0 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t No 27.10% 1.60% 17.199 0 718 51.20% 1.50% 34.543 0 Yes 12.50% 3.10% 4.084 0 25 47.70% 5.30% 8.972 0 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 26.10% 1.50% 17.242 0 689 51.10% 1.50% 34.234 0 Yes 24.80% 4.20% 5.916 0 54 49.80% 4.50% 10.958 0 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 27.20% 1.60% 16.747 0 694 51.00% 1.60% 32.718 0 Yes 16.40% 3.10% 5.338 0 49 50.30% 4.20% 11.882 0 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 34.50% 2.20% 15.832 0 30.50% 1.70% 18.173 0 24.50% Yes 65.50% 2.20% 30.069 0 69.50% 1.70% 41.466 0 75.50% Total 100% 100% 100% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 95.70% 0.90% 109.16 0 95.50% 0.60% 149.73 0 90.40% Private 3.90% 0.90% 4.441 0 4.40% 0.60% 6.932 0 9.60% Other 0.40% 0.20% 1.741 0.082 0.10% 0.10% 0.861 0.389 0.00% Total 100% 100% 100% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 92.50% 1.30% 72.131 0 93.60% 0.90% 100.82 0 95.00% Yes 7.50% 1.30% 5.859 0 6.40% 0.90% 6.931 0 5.00% Total 100% 100% 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t part of the formal educational system)? No 96.40% 0.90% 105.76 0 92.90% 0.90% 101.68 0 87.10% Yes 3.60% 0.90% 3.983 0 7.10% 0.90% 7.732 0 12.90% Total 100% 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 91.80% 1.50% 62.987 0 91.60% 1.00% 92.014 0 90.80% Yes 8.20% 1.50% 5.605 0 8.40% 1.00% 8.419 0 9.20% Total 100% 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 92.70% 1.40% 67.11 0 88.60% 1.30% 65.914 0 82.90% Yes 7.30% 1.40% 5.289 0 11.40% 1.30% 8.514 0 17.10% Total 100% 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 29.20% 2.30% 12.886 0 266 50.60% 2.40% 21.295 0 Female 24.40% 1.60% 14.927 0 477 51.10% 1.60% 32.295 0 Age 15-24 17.40% 2.10% 8.331 0 100 47.40% 3.20% 14.574 0 25-34 26.40% 2.80% 9.254 0 168 52.20% 3.30% 15.84 0 35-44 25.10% 2.70% 9.277 0 131 51.20% 3.10% 16.555 0 45-54 30.20% 3.00% 10.225 0 182 51.00% 2.90% 17.344 0 55+ 32.70% 2.90% 11.422 0 162 53.80% 3.00% 17.847 0 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 42.10% 8.20% 5.165 0 48 42.30% 7.50% 5.652 0 Secondary 33.60% 2.30% 14.427 0 390 51.90% 2.50% 20.965 0 Tertiary 18.60% 1.50% 12.44 0 278 51.00% 1.90% 26.186 0 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 41.60% 7.80% 5.34 0 41 44.40% 7.70% 5.785 0 Secondary 32.90% 2.30% 14.453 0 369 51.40% 2.30% 21.92 0 Tertiary 19.90% 1.60% 12.142 0 306 51.10% 1.80% 27.701 0 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the Low SES 27.80% 4.30% 6.424 0 63 50.60% 4.70% 10.81 0 Middle SES 27.10% 1.70% 15.59 0 434 51.50% 1.90% 26.636 0 High SES 23.90% 2.10% 11.308 0 246 50.30% 2.30% 21.622 0 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or othe No shocks 26.00% 1.60% 16.512 0 568 51.80% 1.50% 34.328 0 One shock 26.90% 3.10% 8.574 0 129 48.50% 3.40% 14.172 0 Two or more shocks 23.60% 4.00% 5.967 0 46 47.00% 4.70% 9.969 0 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 25.1% 1.6% 15.896 0 579 50.8% 1.5% 32.963 0 Yes 29.7% 2.9% 10.324 0 163 51.8% 2.7% 19.114 0 Household Asset Index Low 30.20% 2.60% 11.753 0 361 49.20% 2.40% 20.134 0 Medium 27.20% 2.40% 11.559 0 237 51.70% 2.20% 23.352 0 High 20.40% 2.00% 10.01 0 145 52.00% 2.50% 20.867 0 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 27.5% 4.0% 6.832 0 64 55.9% 4.3% 13.089 0 2 34.7% 6.0% 5.789 0 40 47.7% 6.8% 6.979 0 3 31.9% 4.9% 6.444 0 60 47.2% 5.4% 8.789 0 4 28.3% 5.2% 5.46 0 50 56.5% 7.0% 8.061 0 5 26.1% 2.4% 10.947 0 189 53.5% 2.5% 21.037 0 6 24.1% 4.0% 6.076 0 58 53.1% 5.0% 10.592 0 7 21.0% 2.7% 7.655 0 81 50.6% 3.3% 15.527 0 8 21.8% 3.0% 7.217 0 81 47.3% 3.2% 14.658 0 9 24.6% 4.7% 5.217 0 27 44.2% 5.6% 7.903 0 10 31.9% 4.0% 8.053 0 93 47.1% 4.1% 11.471 0 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Gender Male 36.60% 2.40% 15.456 0 32.30% 1.60% 20.374 0 27.80% Female 63.40% 2.40% 26.817 0 67.70% 1.60% 42.746 0 72.20% Total 100% 100% 100% Age 15-24 15.50% 1.60% 9.749 0 21.40% 1.60% 13.139 0 34.50% 25-34 21.80% 2.00% 10.989 0 22.00% 1.40% 15.225 0 20.40% 35-44 17.60% 1.80% 9.678 0 18.20% 1.30% 14.21 0 18.40% 45-54 23.30% 2.00% 11.412 0 20.00% 1.50% 13.486 0 16.70% 55+ 21.80% 1.90% 11.408 0 18.30% 1.30% 13.972 0 10.00% Total 100% 100% 100% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 5.90% 1.30% 4.683 0 3.00% 0.60% 4.662 0 2.40% Secondary 54.30% 2.50% 21.525 0 42.10% 2.20% 19.441 0 26.10% Tertiary 39.80% 2.60% 15.363 0 54.90% 2.20% 24.515 0 71.50% Total 100% 100% 100% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 4.70% 1.00% 4.549 0 2.60% 0.60% 4.558 0 1.60% Secondary 51.40% 2.80% 18.044 0 40.60% 1.80% 22.064 0 27.90% Tertiary 43.80% 2.90% 15.371 0 56.90% 1.90% 29.164 0 70.50% Total 100% 100% 100% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the think your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 8.40% 1.40% 6.212 0 7.80% 0.90% 8.821 0 7.50% Middle SES 57.40% 2.50% 22.696 0 55.50% 1.90% 29.246 0 50.70% High SES 34.20% 2.30% 15.077 0 36.70% 1.90% 19.685 0 41.80% Total 100% 100% 100% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss o or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 78.30% 2.00% 38.904 0 79.50% 1.40% 58.004 0 75.40% One shock 15.20% 1.70% 8.896 0 14.00% 1.10% 12.736 0 15.50% Two or more shocks 6.50% 1.20% 5.505 0 6.50% 0.90% 7.701 0 9.10% Total 100% 100% 100% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 78.50% 1.90% 41.414 0 81.00% 1.20% 64.926 0 84.90% Yes 21.40% 1.90% 11.262 0 19.00% 1.30% 15.207 0 15.10% Total 100% 100% 100% Household Asset Index Low 38.90% 3.70% 10.528 0 32.20% 2.80% 11.514 0 29.90% Medium 35.00% 2.80% 12.521 0 33.90% 1.90% 18.233 0 30.20% High 26.10% 2.80% 9.235 0 33.90% 2.80% 12.333 0 39.90% Total 100% 100% 100% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 9.1% 1.4% 6.412 0 9.4% 1.0% 9.597 0 6.3% 2 4.5% 0.9% 5.185 0 3.2% 0.6% 5.658 0 2.6% 3 7.7% 1.3% 6.096 0 5.9% 0.8% 7.214 0 5.9% 4 6.1% 1.1% 5.332 0 6.2% 0.9% 6.631 0 3.6% 5 25.7% 2.4% 10.671 0 26.8% 1.6% 16.904 0 22.7% 6 7.4% 1.2% 6.386 0 8.3% 1.0% 8.475 0 7.7% 7 11.8% 1.6% 7.543 0 14.4% 1.2% 11.667 0 17.7% 8 11.6% 1.5% 7.684 0 12.9% 1.1% 11.966 0 18.5% 9 4.7% 1.0% 4.715 0 4.3% 0.8% 5.627 0 6.2% 10 11.5% 1.5% 7.485 0 8.7% 1.0% 8.587 0 8.7% Total 100% 100% 100% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 26.5% 1.7% 15.848 0 481 53.6% 1.8% 29.68 0 low 28.9% 2.9% 9.945 0 185 45.8% 2.7% 16.751 0 medium 16.2% 3.7% 4.415 0 30 49.8% 4.4% 11.318 0 high 17.4% 5.6% 3.126 0.002 25 44.4% 7.7% 5.753 0 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonom skill not used 36.0% 4.0% 8.958 0 169 47.5% 3.9% 12.217 0 low 32.7% 3.2% 10.378 0 196 49.0% 3.0% 16.537 0 medium 23.6% 1.8% 12.807 0 336 53.7% 1.9% 28.127 0 high 15.6% 2.5% 6.158 0 42 48.1% 4.1% 11.632 0 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 31.4% 2.7% 11.713 0 217 53.0% 2.8% 19.17 0 low 33.0% 3.8% 8.748 0 139 50.5% 3.5% 14.274 0 medium 28.2% 2.8% 10.2 0 135 51.8% 3.1% 16.646 0 high 18.6% 1.9% 9.824 0 222 49.7% 2.3% 21.969 0 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 66.10% 2.70% 24.394 0 67.10% 1.90% 36.157 0 54.90% low 24.80% 2.50% 10.055 0 19.70% 1.50% 13.459 0 24.50% medium 5.70% 1.30% 4.507 0 8.80% 1.00% 8.971 0 13.10% high 3.30% 1.10% 3.129 0.002 4.30% 0.90% 4.763 0 7.50% Total 100% 100% 100% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 20.70% 2.30% 8.878 0 13.90% 1.40% 9.741 0 10.60% low 24.70% 2.20% 11.26 0 18.90% 1.60% 11.614 0 15.50% medium 45.00% 2.90% 15.536 0 52.20% 2.10% 24.736 0 49.40% high 9.60% 1.60% 6.128 0 15.00% 1.50% 9.739 0 24.40% Total 100% 100% 100% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 31.50% 2.30% 13.695 0 26.70% 1.80% 14.982 0 17.10% low 16.80% 2.10% 8.166 0 12.90% 1.20% 10.825 0 9.40% medium 21.60% 2.00% 10.941 0 19.90% 1.50% 12.954 0 17.40% high 30.10% 2.60% 11.801 0 40.40% 2.20% 18.23 0 56.10% Total 100% 100% 100% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 82.60% 5.30% 15.661 0 112 10.90% 4.20% 2.579 0.01 Yes 25.10% 1.50% 16.9 0 629 51.30% 1.50% 34.086 0 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 12.60% 2.50% 5.141 0 0.90% 0.30% 2.668 0.008 1.00% Yes 87.40% 2.50% 35.669 0 99.10% 0.30% 286.85 0 99.00% Total 100% 100% 100% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 31.20% 3.90% 7.947 0 78 50.50% 4.70% 10.79 0 low 23.80% 3.20% 7.549 0 78 49.40% 4.10% 11.968 0 medium 18.90% 2.90% 6.516 0 55 50.50% 3.60% 14.016 0 high 16.90% 4.50% 3.745 0 17 45.00% 6.20% 7.262 0 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 37.10% 2.70% 13.786 0 326 50.90% 2.70% 18.517 0 low 32.30% 4.50% 7.215 0 64 50.90% 4.80% 10.681 0 medium 27.90% 3.70% 7.611 0 78 53.70% 4.00% 13.291 0 high 19.00% 1.80% 10.82 0 275 50.40% 2.00% 25.744 0 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 29.60% 2.70% 10.926 0 172 48.90% 3.70% 13.373 0 low 20.20% 9.20% 2.203 0.028 6 49.30% 13.20% 3.752 0 medium 19.60% 6.20% 3.168 0.002 10 54.30% 7.80% 6.969 0 high 14.50% 2.50% 5.872 0 42 50.40% 3.90% 12.819 0 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; mana skill not used 29.60% 2.70% 10.969 0 171 48.90% 3.60% 13.404 0 low 15.80% 3.80% 4.173 0 24 55.80% 5.60% 10.008 0 medium 14.70% 2.90% 5.126 0 31 47.60% 4.10% 11.614 0 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 25.20% 2.20% 11.674 0 184 49.70% 2.90% 17.099 0 no 18.80% 3.00% 6.243 0 46 50.10% 4.10% 12.32 0 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 30.60% 4.00% 7.652 0 64 49.50% 4.70% 10.524 0 low 22.80% 5.30% 4.319 0 27 50.00% 6.10% 8.203 0 medium 23.70% 4.40% 5.438 0 49 51.70% 4.90% 10.556 0 high 20.10% 2.60% 7.761 0 90 49.10% 3.70% 13.161 0 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 17.10% 2.80% 6.159 0 44 47.10% 4.40% 10.674 0 low 24.20% 3.90% 6.15 0 58 48.50% 5.10% 9.477 0 medium 22.90% 3.90% 5.87 0 47 50.90% 4.80% 10.661 0 high 29.30% 3.50% 8.33 0 81 52.20% 4.00% 12.983 0 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 m skill not used 32.60% 3.70% 8.88 0 25.10% 2.70% 9.405 0 16.80% low 36.10% 3.80% 9.397 0 35.40% 2.90% 12.386 0 35.30% medium 24.10% 3.70% 6.555 0 30.40% 2.50% 12.048 0 33.40% high 7.20% 2.00% 3.594 0 9.10% 1.60% 5.639 0 14.50% Total 100% 100% 100% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 40.30% 2.70% 15.071 0 28.20% 1.80% 15.361 0 14.80% low 8.50% 1.30% 6.762 0 6.80% 0.80% 8.208 0 5.00% medium 11.60% 1.50% 7.584 0 11.30% 1.00% 11.187 0 8.90% high 39.70% 2.70% 14.517 0 53.60% 2.00% 26.946 0 71.40% Total 100% 100% 100% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 70.70% 3.90% 18.077 0 55.10% 3.40% 16.329 0 45.80% low 2.60% 1.20% 2.091 0.037 3.00% 1.00% 2.851 0.004 3.20% medium 5.70% 1.90% 2.983 0.003 7.40% 1.40% 5.383 0 6.90% high 21.00% 3.30% 6.372 0 34.50% 3.00% 11.465 0 44.00% Total 100% 100% 100% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical a programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 72.10% 3.90% 18.463 0 56.00% 3.40% 16.481 0 46.40% low 11.90% 2.80% 4.196 0 19.70% 2.50% 8.014 0 19.10% medium 16.00% 2.80% 5.66 0 24.30% 2.30% 10.361 0 34.50% Total 100% 100% 100% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 78.70% 3.20% 24.562 0 73.20% 2.60% 28.128 0 69.20% no 21.30% 3.20% 6.64 0 26.80% 2.60% 10.279 0 30.80% Total 100% 100% 100% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- worke skill not used 28.10% 3.70% 7.498 0 21.40% 2.30% 9.162 0 16.60% low 12.00% 2.80% 4.314 0 12.40% 1.90% 6.561 0 12.30% medium 22.50% 3.80% 5.855 0 23.10% 2.70% 8.681 0 20.60% high 37.40% 4.30% 8.751 0 43.00% 3.10% 13.886 0 50.50% Total 100% 100% 100% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 18.90% 3.20% 5.943 0 24.60% 2.70% 9.091 0 35.10% low 23.60% 3.80% 6.271 0 22.40% 2.50% 9.04 0 23.00% medium 22.50% 3.40% 6.573 0 23.60% 2.30% 10.426 0 22.50% high 35.00% 3.80% 9.274 0 29.50% 2.70% 11.107 0 19.40% Total 100% 100% 100% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Level Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.474items) 0.027 90.4 - 2.568 0.019 131.7 - 2.661 different0.032 Conscientiousness (average of 33.062 items) 95.3 - 3.146 0.026 123.3 - 3.167 Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.029 2.915 101.5 - 3.014 0.019 155.9 - 3.126 Emotional Stability (average of 3 different 2.544 items) 74.5 0.034 - 2.558 0.026 98.0 - 2.655 3.153 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.028 111.4 - 3.177 0.018 172.1 - 3.140 Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.785 0.028 99.8 - 2.784 0.024 118.3 - 2.828 3.278 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.024 138.8 - 3.359 0.018 190.7 - 3.372 Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items)0.044 41.747 1.820 - 1.768 0.027 66.609 - 1.644 (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 13.3% 0.01 13.629 0 385 26.5% 0.011 24.009 0 Yes 12.7% 0.01 12.905 0 358 24.4% 0.011 21.874 0 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cas or company, an NGO or any other individual? Employed 13.6% 0.013 10.831 0 202 28.4% 0.017 16.832 0 Unemployed 11.8% 0.015 8.035 0 183 22.1% 0.016 13.866 0 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, hous a job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe Inactive not in education 23.5% 0.018 12.853 0 322 41.9% 0.022 19.057 0 Inactive and in education 3.2% 0.008 4.19 0 36 9.5% 0.013 7.295 0 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 1.4% 0.005 2.578 0.01 12 3.4% 0.007 4.721 0 Self-employed 2.2% 0.007 3.23 0.001 22 3.9% 0.009 4.394 0 Wage worker 19.8% 0.02 10.1 0 163 42.1% 0.026 16.352 0 Unpaid family worker/other 0.5% 0.003 1.912 0.056 5 0.5% 0.003 1.893 0.058 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 22.30% 15.90% 1.403 0.161 4 41.30% 22.20% 1.864 0.062 18.80% 2.30% 8.163 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 80 49.60% 3.00% 16.468 0 Low skilled white collar 21.00% 2.90% 7.285 0 67 54.20% 4.10% 13.112 0 37.80% Crafts and related trades workers; 6.40% Plant and machine5.932 operator and 38 45.20% 7.00% 0 assemblers 6.475 0 Elementary occupations 35.00% 6.00% 5.803 0 39 46.10% 6.70% 6.852 0 Skilled agriculture work 36.50% 21.90% 1.669 0.095 2 43.20% 25.40% 1.701 0.089 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 23.50% 2.30% 10.397 0 168 49.40% 2.90% 17.117 0 Yes 22.70% 7.80% 2.933 0.003 12 56.00% 8.90% 6.297 0 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 25.90% 6.50% 3.976 0 26 52.00% 7.80% 6.64 0 2-5 33.00% 13.90% 2.369 0.018 7 51.30% 15.80% 3.237 0.001 6-15 11.70% 11.70% 1 0.317 0 63.30% 16.70% 3.795 0 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 26.70% 3.50% 7.624 0 70 50.70% 5.00% 10.092 0 Somewhat useful 26.30% 5.20% 5.015 0 38 48.90% 6.50% 7.488 0 Moderately useful 25.30% 5.30% 4.767 0 36 49.30% 7.00% 7.068 0 Very useful 19.90% 2.40% 8.415 0 83 50.00% 2.80% 18.148 0 40.90% 19.10% Respondent without formal schooling 2.147 0.032 3 40.10% 20.30% 1.972 0.049 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 21.30% 2.10% 10.032 0 122 48.10% 2.60% 18.541 0 Over or underqualified for job 27.40% 3.00% 9.239 0 106 51.90% 4.20% 12.232 0 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Ministry of employment 3.70% 8.20% 0.447 0.655 0 54.90% 21.20% 2.595 0.009 23.60% 19.80% Through private employment agency 1.192 0.233 1 52.90% 21.70% 2.437 0.015 25.70% Through university/school career office 13.00% 1.97 0.049 5 47.10% 13.80% 3.413 0.001 28.00% 2.90% Through social network (friends/relative/other) 9.605 0 109 48.60% 3.60% 13.543 0 Through media/internet 13.10% 8.80% 1.488 0.137 3 48.70% 11.80% 4.127 0 Employer contacted you 16.90% 5.30% 3.192 0.001 8 52.90% 8.30% 6.378 0 Contacted employer directly 24.20% 4.60% 5.212 0 42 50.20% 5.80% 8.717 0 Started own business 23.20% 5.70% 4.04 0 23 52.70% 6.90% 7.656 0 15.70% 7.70% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 2.044 with employer 0.041 5 45.30% 11.60% 3.905 0 Other 17.20% 8.40% 2.052 0.04 6 54.20% 13.40% 4.045 0 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 1.10% 0.80% 1.31 0.19 1.00% 0.60% 1.585 0.113 1.70% 38.90% 4.00% 9.777 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 48.10% 2.90% 16.815 0 56.60% Low skilled white collar 25.30% 3.10% 8.079 0 30.60% 2.40% 12.644 0 26.40% 19.40% Crafts and related trades workers; 3.40% Plant and machine5.78 operator and 10.90% 0 assemblers 2.00% 5.58 0 7.80% Elementary occupations 14.40% 2.70% 5.342 0 8.90% 1.70% 5.382 0 7.10% Skilled agriculture work 1% 1% 132% 19% 1% 0% 140% 16% 0% 100% 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 93.70% 2.40% 38.571 0 92.70% 1.50% 60.437 0 94.80% Yes 6.30% 2.40% 2.602 0.009 7.30% 1.50% 4.784 0 5.20% Total ###### ###### ###### Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 78.10% 7.50% 10.418 0 66.50% 6.70% 9.866 0 77.70% 2-5 18.20% 7.10% 2.566 0.012 20.70% 5.60% 3.711 0 11.30% 6-max 3.80% 2.90% 1.302 0.196 12.80% 5.10% 2.516 0.014 11.00% Total 100% 100% 100% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 29.30% 4.00% 7.325 0 26.10% 2.80% 9.256 0 22.00% Somewhat useful 16.20% 3.00% 5.342 0 14.20% 2.10% 6.781 0 13.50% Moderately useful 13.20% 2.80% 4.755 0 12.10% 1.90% 6.25 0 11.90% Very useful 39.70% 3.80% 10.438 0 46.90% 3.00% 15.688 0 51.90% 1.70% Respondent without formal schooling 1.10% 1.456 0.145 0.80% 0.40% 1.706 0.088 0.70% Total 100% 100% 100% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 57.20% 3.70% 15.264 0 61.40% 2.80% 21.604 0 71.70% Over or underqualified for job 42.80% 3.70% 11.43 0 38.60% 2.80% 13.601 0 28.30% Total ###### ###### ###### Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Ministry of employment 0.20% 0.40% 0.433 0.665 1.20% 0.60% 1.974 0.048 1.90% Through private employment agency1.00% 1.00% 1.017 0.309 1.10% 0.60% 1.795 0.073 1.00% office 1.50% Through university/school career2.60% 1.793 0.073 2.30% 0.90% 2.501 0.012 2.50% 52.40% 4.70% 11.237 Through social network (friends/relative/other) 0 43.40% 3.00% 14.463 0 38.20% Through media/internet 1.90% 1.40% 1.379 0.168 3.40% 1.10% 3.064 0.002 5.20% Employer contacted you 6.40% 2.10% 3.027 0.002 9.50% 1.80% 5.426 0 10.60% Contacted employer directly 18.00% 3.30% 5.54 0 17.90% 2.40% 7.453 0 17.90% Started own business 11.40% 2.90% 3.932 0 12.40% 2.00% 6.268 0 10.90% 3.60% 1.80% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 2.04 with employer 0.041 5.10% 1.60% 3.152 0.002 8.40% Other 2.40% 1.30% 1.872 0.061 3.70% 1.40% 2.619 0.009 3.50% Total 100% 100% 100% dults (ages 15-64) 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Total N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % 507 17.60% 2.00% 8.984 0 132 1.30% 0.60% 2.15 0.032 11 100% 1,102 23.50% 1.40% 16.377 0 400 1.40% 0.50% 3.168 0.002 28 100% 1,544 20.80% 1.20% 17.151 0 485 1.30% 0.40% 3.448 0.001 36 100% 69 37.90% 5.50% 6.847 0 46 2.60% 2.40% 1.065 0.287 3 100% 3 2.70% 6.50% 0.417 0.677 1 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 100% you started? 1,519 22.00% 1.30% 16.599 0 504 1.40% 0.40% 3.425 0.001 38 100% 97 17.20% 3.80% 4.587 0 28 0.40% 0.40% 0.834 0.404 1 100% raining or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 1,496 20.50% 1.20% 16.607 0 458 1.30% 0.30% 3.637 0 35 100% 120 37.20% 5.30% 7.026 0 74 2.70% 1.90% 1.4 0.161 4 100% nder the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 1,482 21.60% 1.30% 16.311 0 482 1.30% 0.40% 3.289 0.001 35 100% 134 23.40% 3.60% 6.437 0 50 2.10% 1.40% 1.441 0.149 4 100% not awarded by a formal educational institution? 1,453 20.40% 1.30% 15.485 0 431 1.40% 0.40% 3.471 0.001 35 100% 164 32.10% 3.90% 8.18 0 102 1.30% 0.80% 1.677 0.094 4 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.40% 9.999 0 27.50% 10.70% 2.575 0.01 2.40% 30.841 0 72.50% 10.70% 6.776 0 100% 1.60% 55.588 0 89.70% 9.10% 9.905 0 1.60% 5.886 0 10.30% 9.10% 1.143 0.253 0.00% 0.401 0.689 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% you started? 1.30% 75.875 0 98.10% 2.60% 37.194 0 1.30% 4.03 0 1.90% 2.60% 0.733 0.463 100% raining or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not 2.00% 42.845 0 85.70% 8.30% 10.364 0 2.00% 6.355 0 14.30% 8.30% 1.729 0.084 100% nder the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 1.50% 59.052 0 86.90% 8.40% 10.363 0 1.50% 6.01 0 13.10% 8.40% 1.567 0.117 100% not awarded by a formal educational institution? 2.30% 35.932 0 88.90% 6.00% 14.748 0 2.30% 7.411 0 11.10% 6.00% 1.835 0.067 100% 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Total N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % 535 18.60% 2.20% 8.363 0 142 1.60% 0.70% 2.204 0.028 14 100% 1,082 23.20% 1.30% 17.611 0 391 1.30% 0.40% 2.94 0.003 25 100% 267 32.50% 3.20% 10.186 0 163 2.80% 1.10% 2.527 0.012 17 100% 359 20.70% 2.50% 8.175 0 105 0.70% 0.50% 1.613 0.107 3 100% 333 22.00% 2.50% 8.749 0 106 1.60% 0.70% 2.192 0.028 8 100% 333 18.10% 2.50% 7.257 0 100 0.70% 0.40% 1.608 0.108 5 100% 325 12.60% 2.20% 5.709 0 59 0.90% 0.70% 1.291 0.197 6 100% 46 14.80% 5.30% 2.785 0.005 13 0.80% 1.30% 0.656 0.512 1 100% 690 13.80% 1.70% 8.163 0 138 0.60% 0.40% 1.677 0.093 6 100% 855 28.40% 1.70% 16.449 0 375 1.90% 0.60% 3.046 0.002 30 100% 42 12.00% 5.10% 2.34 0.019 9 2.00% 1.90% 1.051 0.293 3 100% 657 15.10% 1.60% 9.633 0 142 0.60% 0.30% 2.069 0.039 5 100% 873 27.00% 1.80% 15.44 0 363 1.90% 0.60% 3.161 0.002 30 100% d on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 128 20.50% 3.90% 5.279 0 44 1.00% 0.90% 1.116 0.264 2 100% 895 20.00% 1.60% 12.622 0 253 1.40% 0.50% 2.73 0.006 21 100% 592 24.40% 2.10% 11.494 0 233 1.40% 0.60% 2.562 0.01 15 100% ed because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; e/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. ###### 20.90% 1.40% 14.71 0 405 1.30% 0.40% 3.153 0.002 27 100% 226 23.00% 3.20% 7.081 0 79 1.60% 0.90% 1.82 0.069 8 100% 106 27.70% 3.80% 7.241 0 48 1.70% 1.10% 1.518 0.129 4 100% high blood pressure, hepatitis)? ###### 22.7% 1.4% 16.235 0 449 1.5% 0.4% 3.379 0.001 34 100% 314 17.6% 2.3% 7.764 0 83 0.9% 0.7% 1.264 0.206 5 100% 661 19.50% 2.00% 9.947 0 206 1.10% 0.40% 2.454 0.014 12 100% 540 19.60% 1.90% 10.334 0 155 1.50% 0.70% 2.292 0.022 16 100% 416 26.10% 2.30% 11.115 0 172 1.50% 0.70% 2.146 0.032 11 100% m 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 169 16.0% 3.4% 4.692 0 35 0.6% 0.7% 0.987 0.324 2 100% 58 16.4% 5.6% 2.945 0.003 18 1.3% 1.7% 0.738 0.46 0 100% 100 20.5% 3.8% 5.354 0 30 0.5% 0.9% 0.546 0.585 1 100% 98 14.1% 4.6% 3.062 0.002 22 1.1% 0.9% 1.232 0.218 3 100% 425 19.3% 2.1% 9.42 0 131 1.1% 0.7% 1.6 0.11 7 100% 132 21.0% 3.9% 5.449 0 39 1.8% 1.4% 1.334 0.182 4 100% 225 26.5% 3.1% 8.694 0 90 1.8% 1.1% 1.747 0.081 8 100% 201 29.0% 3.1% 9.235 0 100 1.9% 1.2% 1.567 0.117 6 100% 69 27.6% 5.5% 5 0 26 3.6% 2.3% 1.534 0.125 6 100% 137 20.3% 3.8% 5.289 0 41 0.7% 0.8% 0.878 0.38 2 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.70% 10.185 0 36.80% 12.40% 2.972 0.003 2.70% 26.396 0 63.20% 12.40% 5.108 0 100% 2.80% 12.103 0 45.70% 11.10% 4.123 0 2.50% 8.333 0 11.70% 6.90% 1.691 0.091 2.30% 7.919 0 21.90% 10.10% 2.181 0.029 2.20% 7.654 0 9.90% 5.40% 1.829 0.067 1.60% 6.157 0 10.80% 7.30% 1.478 0.139 100% 0.90% 2.781 0.005 2.10% 3.10% 0.665 0.506 2.80% 9.232 0 19.90% 10.90% 1.825 0.068 3.00% 24.192 0 78.00% 10.60% 7.365 0 100% 0.70% 2.254 0.024 4.00% 3.70% 1.099 0.272 2.50% 11.003 0 18.40% 8.10% 2.26 0.024 2.70% 26.582 0 77.60% 8.70% 8.935 0 100% d on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you 1.50% 5.012 0 5.80% 5.10% 1.133 0.257 3.00% 16.881 0 55.00% 11.50% 4.79 0 2.90% 14.404 0 39.20% 11.20% 3.516 0 100% ed because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a nt, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood 2.60% 29.418 0 73.80% 9.90% 7.468 0 2.30% 6.867 0 17.50% 8.60% 2.028 0.043 1.50% 6.2 0 8.70% 5.40% 1.618 0.106 100% high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 1.90% 45.441 0 87.90% 8.80% 9.941 0 1.90% 8.085 0 12.10% 8.80% 1.365 0.172 100% 3.60% 8.323 0 27.10% 11.30% 2.403 0.016 2.70% 11.095 0 35.90% 10.30% 3.499 0 4.00% 10.017 0 37.00% 13.50% 2.745 0.006 100% m 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 1.3% 4.712 0 4.1% 4.2% 0.977 0.328 0.9% 2.83 0.005 3.5% 5.0% 0.694 0.488 1.2% 5.008 0 2.0% 3.3% 0.594 0.552 1.2% 3.085 0.002 4.4% 3.8% 1.178 0.239 2.3% 9.801 0 19.3% 10.5% 1.839 0.066 1.5% 5.289 0 10.5% 7.0% 1.492 0.136 2.3% 7.847 0 19.1% 9.1% 2.098 0.036 2.2% 8.492 0 19.6% 11.8% 1.66 0.097 1.3% 4.827 0 12.6% 6.8% 1.857 0.063 1.7% 5.088 0 4.9% 5.7% 0.862 0.389 100% 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Total N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % ize of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 1,074 18.8% 1.6% 11.79 0 279 1.1% 0.4% 2.613 0.009 20 100% 317 24.4% 2.3% 10.616 0 133 0.9% 0.6% 1.591 0.112 6 100% 139 31.5% 3.9% 8.19 0 70 2.5% 1.3% 1.87 0.061 6 100% 57 33.7% 7.0% 4.847 0 43 4.5% 3.1% 1.471 0.141 5 100% done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, ebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 206 15.5% 2.5% 6.086 0 63 1.0% 0.9% 1.162 0.245 4 100% 306 17.2% 2.2% 7.897 0 84 1.1% 0.6% 1.744 0.081 6 100% 880 21.7% 1.7% 13.116 0 267 1.1% 0.4% 2.757 0.006 17 100% 223 33.3% 4.1% 8.118 0 117 3.0% 1.5% 1.986 0.047 12 100% months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 446 14.6% 2.4% 6.151 0 87 0.9% 0.6% 1.638 0.101 8 100% 204 15.9% 2.7% 5.893 0 47 0.6% 0.7% 0.895 0.371 1 100% 294 19.5% 2.6% 7.445 0 99 0.6% 0.5% 1.129 0.259 3 100% 615 29.8% 2.5% 12.063 0 288 1.9% 0.7% 2.668 0.008 20 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ize of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 3.00% 18.352 0 52.10% 14.50% 3.604 0 2.40% 10.107 0 14.60% 7.60% 1.923 0.054 1.80% 7.201 0 16.80% 8.20% 2.055 0.04 1.70% 4.406 0 16.50% 11.10% 1.482 0.138 100% done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, ultiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 1.80% 5.879 0 10.90% 8.50% 1.282 0.2 2.10% 7.286 0 15.10% 7.80% 1.928 0.054 2.90% 17.109 0 39.10% 11.20% 3.491 0 2.80% 8.669 0 34.90% 13.90% 2.508 0.012 100% months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 2.70% 6.287 0 20.20% 11.10% 1.818 0.069 1.60% 5.765 0 6.50% 6.70% 0.977 0.329 2.50% 6.98 0 8.70% 7.00% 1.255 0.209 3.90% 14.377 0 64.60% 14.90% 4.348 0 100% 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Total N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % 20 5.30% 3.40% 1.566 0.117 4 1.20% 1.80% 0.672 0.502 2 100% 1,343 22.50% 1.30% 16.744 0 487 1.10% 0.40% 2.508 0.012 22 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.60% 1.603 0.109 4.80% 7.30% 0.655 0.512 0.60% 154.75 0 95.20% 7.30% 12.995 0 100% 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Total N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % er getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, 158 17.40% 3.50% 4.96 0 41 0.90% 0.90% 0.945 0.345 2 100% 223 25.20% 3.60% 7.094 0 71 1.50% 1.10% 1.412 0.158 6 100% 163 28.40% 3.50% 8.085 0 88 2.10% 1.30% 1.576 0.115 5 100% 55 36.70% 6.60% 5.55 0 36 1.30% 1.50% 0.879 0.38 2 100% 523 11.40% 1.60% 7.145 0 91 0.70% 0.40% 1.516 0.13 4 100% 114 16.00% 3.90% 4.096 0 26 0.90% 0.90% 0.981 0.327 3 100% 166 17.90% 2.90% 6.261 0 47 0.60% 0.80% 0.733 0.464 1 100% 812 28.60% 1.80% 15.461 0 368 2.00% 0.60% 3.389 0.001 31 100% 347 20.60% 2.70% 7.673 0 104 0.90% 0.80% 1.086 0.278 6 100% 17 26.40% 10.30% 2.559 0.01 7 4.00% 5.30% 0.764 0.445 2 100% 41 25.60% 6.80% 3.78 0 19 0.50% 1.00% 0.491 0.623 0 100% 202 32.60% 3.90% 8.383 0 106 2.60% 1.40% 1.893 0.058 7 100% complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing are programming; managing computer networks? 345 20.60% 2.70% 7.7 0 103 0.90% 0.80% 1.086 0.278 6 100% 107 27.40% 4.50% 6.065 0 46 1.00% 0.90% 1.03 0.303 3 100% 142 34.30% 4.30% 7.977 0 83 3.40% 1.70% 1.966 0.049 6 100% 440 23.80% 2.50% 9.369 0 160 1.30% 0.90% 1.567 0.117 9 100% 167 29.10% 4.00% 7.333 0 76 2.00% 1.60% 1.238 0.216 6 100% le customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the 134 19.30% 3.70% 5.262 0 43 0.70% 0.90% 0.745 0.456 1 100% 78 25.00% 5.00% 5.001 0 28 2.30% 1.70% 1.293 0.196 3 100% 143 23.20% 3.60% 6.417 0 41 1.40% 1.10% 1.292 0.196 3 100% 252 29.00% 3.30% 8.849 0 123 1.80% 1.00% 1.744 0.081 8 100% ing weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 160 34.10% 4.10% 8.373 0 86 1.70% 1.30% 1.31 0.19 4 100% 138 25.20% 4.10% 6.116 0 54 2.00% 1.80% 1.151 0.25 4 100% 137 24.70% 3.70% 6.665 0 51 1.50% 1.30% 1.142 0.254 4 100% 170 17.50% 3.50% 5.057 0 44 1.00% 0.90% 1.045 0.296 3 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value er getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to at require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 3.20% 5.29 0 14.20% 15.80% 0.9 0.368 3.80% 9.316 0 35.20% 18.00% 1.962 0.05 4.00% 8.397 0 42.10% 19.30% 2.176 0.03 3.10% 4.656 0 8.50% 9.60% 0.881 0.378 100% 2.00% 7.281 0 13.30% 8.20% 1.621 0.105 1.20% 4.147 0 4.50% 4.20% 1.074 0.283 1.50% 5.903 0 4.40% 5.80% 0.76 0.447 2.60% 27.7 0 77.80% 11.20% 6.937 0 100% 4.70% 9.732 0 29.70% 19.80% 1.5 0.134 1.40% 2.218 0.027 8.50% 12.00% 0.706 0.48 1.90% 3.721 0 2.20% 4.90% 0.454 0.65 4.60% 9.517 0 59.50% 20.40% 2.912 0.004 100% complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; ded design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 4.70% 9.92 0 30.20% 20.30% 1.491 0.136 3.30% 5.761 0 11.10% 10.30% 1.075 0.282 4.10% 8.407 0 58.70% 19.90% 2.946 0.003 100% 4.00% 17.238 0 63.8% 24.5% 2.6 0.009 4.00% 7.676 0 36.2% 24.5% 1.475 0.14 100% le customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, ple other than co- workers) 3.20% 5.256 0 8.80% 11.30% 0.776 0.438 2.60% 4.738 0 18.00% 11.30% 1.6 0.11 3.40% 6.087 0 22.20% 16.10% 1.377 0.169 4.30% 11.814 0 51.00% 16.70% 3.057 0.002 100% ing weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 3.80% 9.146 0 32.10% 25.20% 1.271 0.204 3.40% 6.707 0 29.30% 21.50% 1.364 0.173 3.10% 7.35 0 21.80% 15.40% 1.415 0.157 3.60% 5.334 0 16.80% 13.20% 1.267 0.205 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.033 81.1 - 2.584 0.125 20.671 - 0.033 96.1 - 3.090 0.098 31.586 - 0.028 110.5 - 3.177 0.101 31.336 - 0.048 55.0 - 2.788 0.142 19.607 - 0.032 97.3 - 3.089 0.120 25.743 - 0.032 88.6 - 2.833 0.116 24.357 - 0.031 109.0 - 3.337 0.116 28.728 - 0.037 44.307 - 1.694 0.180 9.406 - 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Total N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % alaried or wage job? 880 12.0% 0.009 12.788 0 313 0.7% 0.003 2.484 0.013 20 52.5% 736 9.7% 0.008 12.152 0 217 0.7% 0.002 2.984 0.003 19 47.5% or wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise 524 14.1% 0.013 10.503 0 200 0.9% 0.005 1.911 0.056 12 57.0% 356 8.6% 0.012 7.323 0 113 0.5% 0.003 1.804 0.071 8 43.0% 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found or busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 627 12.8% 0.013 9.848 0 135 0.8% 0.003 2.326 0.02 12 79.0% 109 7.7% 0.011 6.746 0 82 0.6% 0.003 1.863 0.062 7 21.0% 35 1.2% 0.005 2.667 0.008 11 0.1% 0.001 0.508 0.611 0 6% 39 1.6% 0.006 2.488 0.013 14 0.1% 0.002 0.498 0.618 1 8% 442 21.5% 0.021 10.298 0 172 1.4% 0.007 2.025 0.043 11 85% 8 0.5% 0.003 1.693 0.09 3 0.0% 0. . 0 2% 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Total N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % 3 36.40% 22.20% 1.637 0.102 3 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 100% 300 29.40% 3.00% 9.871 0 135 2.20% 1.00% 2.171 0.03 10 100% 186 23.50% 3.70% 6.375 0 61 1.20% 1.30% 0.958 0.338 4 100% 64 16.40% 4.20% 3.891 0 17 0.70% 1.10% 0.624 0.533 1 100% 55 18.50% 5.30% 3.507 0 19 0.40% 1.00% 0.436 0.663 0 100% 3 17.90% 23.30% 0.767 0.443 1 2.50% 10.50% 0.236 0.813 0 100% et it up or took it over? 450 25.50% 2.40% 10.49 0 175 1.60% 0.80% 2.03 0.042 11 100% 35 20.00% 6.70% 2.985 0.003 11 1.30% 2.40% 0.516 0.606 0 100% 51 20.90% 6.70% 3.129 0.002 18 1.30% 2.10% 0.6 0.549 1 100% 15 14.70% 8.80% 1.668 0.095 3 1.10% 3.40% 0.317 0.751 0 100% 6 25.00% 13.10% 1.907 0.056 4 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 100% 141 21.70% 4.10% 5.225 0 56 0.90% 1.00% 0.913 0.361 3 100% 78 23.50% 4.80% 4.866 0 30 1.30% 1.90% 0.66 0.509 3 100% 83 24.70% 6.00% 4.137 0 25 0.70% 1.20% 0.613 0.54 0 100% 297 28.00% 2.90% 9.782 0 123 2.20% 1.20% 1.884 0.06 9 100% 8 18.90% 11.30% 1.669 0.095 2 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 100% required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 381 28.90% 2.60% 11.065 0 167 1.80% 0.90% 1.879 0.06 11 100% 210 19.50% 3.10% 6.293 0 68 1.20% 1.10% 1.084 0.278 4 100% 8 40.60% 20.60% 1.973 0.048 4 0.80% 3.70% 0.221 0.825 0 100% 6 23.40% 14.20% 1.655 0.098 4 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 100% 12 25.30% 12.10% 2.096 0.036 8 1.90% 4.20% 0.454 0.65 0 100% 221 21.30% 3.10% 6.817 0 69 2.00% 1.30% 1.562 0.118 8 100% 14 37.00% 10.80% 3.426 0.001 11 1.10% 2.00% 0.566 0.572 0 100% 52 29.20% 7.40% 3.972 0 23 1.00% 1.10% 0.864 0.388 1 100% 97 24.80% 5.10% 4.917 0 39 0.80% 0.90% 0.884 0.377 2 100% 66 23.10% 6.20% 3.705 0 23 1.00% 1.90% 0.539 0.59 0 100% 26 37.30% 10.80% 3.462 0.001 13 1.70% 2.80% 0.606 0.544 1 100% 22 26.00% 12.40% 2.091 0.037 6 2.70% 5.20% 0.51 0.61 0 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 1.30% 1.309 0.191 0.00% 0.00% . . 4.00% 14.184 0 71.40% 20.50% 3.481 0.001 3.70% 7.112 0 20.80% 17.60% 1.179 0.238 2.00% 3.97 0 4.60% 6.80% 0.682 0.495 2.30% 3.111 0.002 2.50% 5.30% 0.468 0.64 1% 69% 49% 1% 3.20% 0.23 0.818 100% et it up or took it over? 1.90% 50.835 0 95.50% 8.60% 11.162 0 1.90% 2.777 0.005 4.50% 8.60% 0.521 0.602 ###### 8.20% 9.47 0 ###### 0.00% . . 5.80% 1.934 0.056 0.0% 0.00% . . 6.40% 1.719 0.089 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 3.90% 5.669 0 15.20% 15.60% 0.975 0.329 3.10% 4.419 0 12.30% 16.60% 0.742 0.458 2.80% 4.271 0 5.20% 8.20% 0.634 0.526 4.70% 11.092 0 67.30% 21.10% 3.185 0.001 0.50% 1.34 0.18 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 3.80% 18.709 0 71.70% 23.90% 3.004 0.003 3.80% 7.368 0 28.30% 23.90% 1.183 0.237 ###### 1.20% 1.49 0.136 0.80% 3.80% 0.218 0.827 0.60% 1.627 0.104 0.00% 0.00% . . 1.30% 1.927 0.054 2.40% 5.10% 0.468 0.64 4.50% 8.579 0 60.10% 23.40% 2.576 0.01 1.80% 2.808 0.005 3.40% 6.50% 0.52 0.603 2.60% 4.03 0 6.10% 7.80% 0.778 0.437 3.50% 5.062 0 9.30% 10.40% 0.894 0.371 3.00% 3.617 0 6.20% 10.60% 0.584 0.56 2.90% 2.885 0.004 6.00% 10.30% 0.584 0.559 1.80% 1.979 0.048 5.60% 10.70% 0.523 0.601 100% Youth (1) Skills Acquisition History Total Level 0/1 Level 2 N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 908 No 18.1% 5.0% 3.656 0 26 49.4% 6.6% 2,015 Yes 17.6% 2.4% 7.42 0 86 47.7% 3.7% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? 2,776 Public 88.8% 3.5% 25.453 0 101 92.4% 1.9% 144 Private 10.6% 3.5% 3.049 0.002 10 7.5% 1.9% 9 Other 0.5% 1.0% 0.559 0.576 0 0.2% 0.3% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you start 2,744 No 17.4% 2.1% 8.33 0 104 47.4% 3.3% 185 Yes 22.0% 8.4% 2.601 0.009 8 57.1% 11.6% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training o 2,707 No 18.5% 2.2% 8.408 0 106 48.8% 3.1% 223 Yes 11.3% 6.1% 1.848 0.065 6 42.2% 11.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the 2,688 No 18.3% 2.2% 8.241 0 107 48.5% 3.4% 242 Yes 11.7% 6.8% 1.731 0.083 5 43.4% 9.1% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awar 2,613 No 18.0% 2.3% 7.755 0 101 48.0% 3.6% 319 Yes 15.8% 4.9% 3.232 0.001 11 48.6% 7.6% Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 22.4% 5.6% 3.976 0 22.5% 3.3% 6.754 Yes 77.6% 5.6% 13.798 0 77.5% 3.3% 23.223 Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 88.8% 3.5% 25.453 0 92.4% 1.9% 49.067 Private 10.6% 3.5% 3.049 0.002 7.5% 1.9% 3.941 Other 0.5% 1.0% 0.559 0.576 0.2% 0.3% 0.48 Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you start No 93.7% 2.7% 34.792 0 93.6% 1.8% 52.984 Yes 6.3% 2.7% 2.343 0.019 6.4% 1.8% 3.611 Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training o of the formal educational system)? No 93.0% 3.7% 25.106 0 90.3% 2.5% 35.669 Yes 7.0% 3.7% 1.889 0.059 9.7% 2.5% 3.837 Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the No 94.4% 3.2% 29.242 0 92.4% 2.0% 45.176 Yes 5.6% 3.2% 1.721 0.085 7.6% 2.0% 3.736 Total 100.0% 100.0% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awar No 87.9% 4.1% 21.453 0 86.2% 2.8% 30.44 Yes 12.1% 4.1% 2.96 0.003 13.8% 2.8% 4.877 Total 100.0% 100.0% (2) Background Conditions Total Level 0/1 Level 2 N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE Gender 957 Male 20.0% 3.3% 6.063 0 52 46.2% 4.9% 1,975 Female 16.2% 2.5% 6.535 0 60 49.3% 3.5% Age 547 15-24 17.4% 2.1% 8.33 0 100 47.4% 3.3% 635 25- 22.0% 8.4% 2.601 0.009 12 57.1% 11.6% 578 620 552 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 108 Primary or Less 15.4% 16.0% 0.962 0.336 1 76.6% 22.0% 1,224 Secondary 29.9% 4.9% 6.142 0 57 52.6% 5.1% 1,538 Tertiary 12.3% 2.2% 5.555 0 51 45.4% 4.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 95 Primary or Less 27.2% 25.1% 1.082 0.279 1 72.8% 25.1% 1,173 Secondary 23.1% 4.4% 5.189 0 59 52.0% 5.8% 1,572 Tertiary 14.4% 2.6% 5.5 0 49 44.7% 3.8% Socioeconomic status at age 15 5 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the h 237 Low SES 22.8% 7.3% 3.141 0.002 13 55.1% 10.3% 1,603 Middle SES 17.9% 2.9% 6.277 0 68 47.4% 4.1% 1,086 High SES 15.8% 3.3% 4.809 0 31 47.3% 4.7% Household shocks before age 15 aration/divorce; Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened becau or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood 2,283 No shocks 17.4% 2.8% 6.29 0 75 49.5% 4.1% 442 One shock 18.5% 4.8% 3.875 0 27 45.9% 5.9% 204 Two or more shocks 18.3% 6.0% 3.051 0.002 10 43.6% 8.3% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high bloo 2,364 No 17.5% 2.1% 8.477 0 103 48.5% 3.0% 565 Yes 21.7% 10.9% 1.996 0.046 9 39.6% 14.2% Household Asset Index 1,240 Low 19.9% 3.5% 5.639 0 53 49.6% 4.7% 948 Medium 20.1% 3.9% 5.197 0 36 49.5% 5.1% 744 High 13.2% 3.6% 3.624 0 23 45.0% 6.8% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (com 270 1 39.7% 15.2% 2.608 0.009 5 53.1% 15.4% 116 2 34.1% 25.0% 1.364 0.172 2 49.2% 30.4% 191 3 14.2% 9.7% 1.461 0.144 3 42.8% 14.8% 173 4 27.0% 12.7% 2.13 0.033 7 62.8% 14.3% 752 5 15.8% 4.7% 3.356 0.001 19 51.7% 6.4% 233 6 15.0% 5.3% 2.824 0.005 10 51.8% 10.5% 404 7 13.7% 4.2% 3.288 0.001 13 46.5% 6.2% 388 8 12.9% 4.0% 3.249 0.001 17 45.3% 5.6% 128 9 19.2% 8.4% 2.278 0.023 9 44.0% 9.4% 273 10 27.6% 5.6% 4.935 0 27 45.3% 7.9% Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 45.4% 5.7% 7.968 0 38.5% 3.4% 11.297 Female 54.6% 5.7% 9.576 0 61.5% 3.4% 18.014 Total 100% 100% Age 15-24 91.1% 3.6% 25.259 0 91.4% 2.2% 40.921 25-34 8.9% 3.6% 2.467 0.014 8.6% 2.2% 3.835 100.0% 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 1.1% 1.2% 0.93 0.353 2.1% 1.2% 1.804 Secondary 50.3% 6.4% 7.803 0 32.4% 3.8% 8.579 Tertiary 48.6% 6.5% 7.486 0 65.6% 3.9% 16.664 Total 100.0% 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 1.4% 1.5% 0.944 0.345 1.3% 0.8% 1.56 Secondary 48.9% 7.5% 6.486 0 41.1% 4.2% 9.731 Tertiary 49.7% 7.6% 6.566 0 57.6% 4.2% 13.726 Total 100.0% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the h your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 11.3% 4.0% 2.863 0.004 10.1% 2.4% 4.174 Middle SES 63.0% 5.7% 11.009 0 61.6% 3.5% 17.765 High SES 25.7% 4.6% 5.548 0 28.3% 3.0% 9.377 Total 100.0% 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened becau household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bank other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 66.2% 6.2% 10.601 0 69.6% 3.7% 19.063 One shock 21.2% 5.3% 3.972 0 19.3% 2.7% 7.059 Two or more shocks 12.6% 4.3% 2.915 0.004 11.0% 2.4% 4.586 Total 100.0% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high bloo No 93.3% 3.5% 26.599 0 95.5% 1.8% 53.599 Yes 6.7% 3.5% 1.913 0.056 4.5% 1.8% 2.531 Total 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 37.4% 6.3% 5.906 0 34.5% 4.8% 7.232 Medium 38.1% 6.5% 5.817 0 34.6% 4.0% 8.568 High 24.5% 6.1% 4.04 0 30.9% 5.1% 6.102 Total 100.0% 100.0% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (com 1 5.2% 2.6% 1.977 0.048 2.6% 0.9% 2.781 2 1.4% 1.2% 1.135 0.257 0.7% 0.6% 1.251 3 3.1% 2.2% 1.391 0.164 3.4% 1.5% 2.378 4 6.5% 3.2% 2.033 0.042 5.6% 1.8% 3.035 5 16.4% 4.9% 3.343 0.001 19.8% 2.9% 6.836 6 7.5% 2.5% 2.992 0.003 9.6% 2.3% 4.106 7 14.6% 4.4% 3.344 0.001 18.2% 2.7% 6.791 8 15.0% 4.2% 3.565 0 19.5% 2.7% 7.126 9 9.0% 4.1% 2.201 0.028 7.6% 2.0% 3.801 10 21.3% 4.5% 4.764 0 12.9% 2.5% 5.176 Total 0.0% 0.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Total Level 0/1 Level 2 N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the 1,854 skill not used 18.8% 3.2% 5.965 0 63 49.1% 4.6% 641 low 19.7% 4.4% 4.483 0 30 46.4% 6.4% 245 medium 10.7% 3.9% 2.774 0.006 9 51.2% 7.1% 130 high 16.2% 8.5% 1.909 0.056 8 38.1% 10.6% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) lculate fractions, Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geo 442 skill not used 25.0% 7.7% 3.254 0.001 18 47.6% 8.7% 592 low 29.6% 7.2% 4.118 0 29 48.7% 7.6% 1,500 medium 17.0% 3.3% 5.148 0 46 51.0% 4.5% 394 high 12.6% 3.0% 4.256 0 19 45.1% 5.6% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, w 758 skill not used 23.7% 4.8% 4.941 0 31 49.6% 6.5% 391 low 26.8% 7.4% 3.64 0 16 50.7% 8.8% 531 medium 21.2% 6.1% 3.495 0 18 52.1% 7.8% 1,145 high 13.0% 2.4% 5.346 0 45 45.1% 4.4% Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the skill not used 57.7% 6.3% 9.196 0 55.1% 4.5% 12.268 low 23.8% 5.0% 4.717 0 20.4% 3.1% 6.51 medium 9.7% 3.3% 2.94 0.003 17.1% 3.0% 5.66 high 8.8% 4.6% 1.892 0.058 7.5% 2.3% 3.241 Total 100.0% 0.0% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication o trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 16.4% 4.9% 3.314 0.001 11.5% 2.6% 4.382 low 20.1% 5.0% 3.998 0 12.2% 2.5% 4.786 medium 36.0% 6.1% 5.938 0 39.9% 3.5% 11.559 high 27.5% 5.7% 4.825 0 36.3% 3.9% 9.221 Total 100.0% 99.9% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, w skill not used 26.7% 4.9% 5.433 0 20.8% 3.2% 6.462 low 13.9% 3.8% 3.643 0 9.8% 2.1% 4.604 medium 19.6% 5.0% 3.911 0 17.9% 3.3% 5.396 high 39.8% 6.2% 6.446 0 51.5% 4.4% 11.7 Total 100% 100% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Total Level 0/1 Level 2 N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 138 No 76.0% 13.9% 5.476 0 18 18.4% 12.3% 2,481 Yes 15.9% 2.1% 7.723 0 94 48.9% 3.3% Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 16.5% 5.3% 3.092 0.002 1.5% 1.1% 1.35 Yes 83.5% 5.3% 15.615 0 98.5% 1.1% 86.672 Total 100% 100% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Total Level 0/1 Level 2 N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) part of this work, Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after gettin often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 279 skill not used 7.4% 5.6% 1.31 0.19 2 48.0% 13.4% 378 low 19.3% 6.5% 2.987 0.003 12 42.3% 9.3% 311 medium 9.8% 5.7% 1.702 0.089 5 40.8% 12.7% 110 high 18.7% 10.8% 1.726 0.084 3 38.4% 14.6% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? 944 skill not used 33.6% 10.5% 3.21 0.001 13 54.7% 12.1% 207 low 12.2% 7.0% 1.735 0.083 7 68.8% 11.3% 292 medium 30.8% 8.2% 3.735 0 16 42.2% 8.4% 1,486 high 15.7% 2.3% 6.872 0 76 46.9% 3.6% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 629 skill not used 14.2% 5.2% 2.739 0.006 11 43.8% 11.4% 32 low 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 30.0% 34.9% 70 medium 37.1% 20.6% 1.798 0.072 3 40.9% 20.9% 357 high 11.4% 4.9% 2.328 0.02 8 42.6% 9.0% Type of software use at work (score) werpoint); designing Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software progr 625 skill not used 14.4% 5.3% 2.739 0.006 11 44.1% 11.5% 180 low 12.7% 8.0% 1.589 0.112 4 57.2% 11.9% 262 medium 16.2% 6.6% 2.473 0.013 7 31.5% 9.9% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? 793 yes 15.3% 4.2% 3.678 0 19 42.3% 6.5% 295 no 9.8% 7.4% 1.323 0.186 3 43.6% 15.6% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) eans much of the Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example custom involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 242 skill not used 17.3% 9.1% 1.91 0.056 6 45.3% 14.4% 136 low 12.7% 9.9% 1.283 0.199 2 35.8% 17.0% 236 medium 16.2% 8.1% 1.998 0.046 4 42.5% 12.9% 473 high 12.6% 5.1% 2.495 0.013 10 43.0% 8.9% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weig 294 skill not used 10.5% 5.6% 1.873 0.061 4 39.5% 10.3% 254 low 11.1% 7.5% 1.491 0.136 2 41.2% 12.4% 239 medium 18.8% 9.0% 2.093 0.036 7 35.7% 13.1% 298 high 17.0% 6.7% 2.544 0.011 9 51.7% 9.9% Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after gettin out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at le skill not used 11.0% 8.3% 1.317 0.188 23.4% 6.7% 3.493 low 54.1% 13.0% 4.149 0 39.5% 7.9% 4.985 medium 18.4% 10.4% 1.767 0.077 25.8% 8.1% 3.188 high 16.6% 9.8% 1.694 0.09 11.3% 5.0% 2.253 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 9.8% 3.4% 2.866 0.004 5.9% 1.8% 3.318 low 3.5% 2.0% 1.731 0.084 7.3% 2.1% 3.56 medium 15.2% 4.2% 3.591 0 7.7% 1.8% 4.182 high 71.4% 5.4% 13.198 0 79.0% 3.4% 23.287 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 41.9% 13.2% 3.181 0.001 42.7% 9.7% 4.402 low 0.0% 0.0% . . 2.0% 2.8% 0.704 medium 19.8% 11.6% 1.7 0.089 7.4% 4.4% 1.661 high 38.3% 13.8% 2.783 0.005 48.0% 9.3% 5.164 Total 100% 100% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided desig programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 41.9% 13.2% 3.181 0.001 43.0% 9.7% 4.434 low 21.4% 12.3% 1.738 0.082 33.1% 7.5% 4.429 medium 36.7% 12.9% 2.846 0.004 23.9% 7.9% 3.041 Total 100% 100% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 85.9% 10.1% 8.494 0 79.2% 8.2% 9.603 no 14.1% 10.1% 1.395 0.163 20.8% 8.2% 2.527 Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example custom where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other skill not used 23.9% 11.5% 2.084 0.037 21.0% 7.3% 2.889 low 9.5% 7.4% 1.277 0.202 8.8% 4.8% 1.826 medium 20.4% 9.8% 2.069 0.039 17.6% 5.3% 3.302 high 46.2% 14.6% 3.171 0.002 52.6% 8.6% 6.085 Total 100% 100% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weig skill not used 19.7% 10.0% 1.971 0.049 25.1% 6.6% 3.796 low 17.8% 10.9% 1.625 0.104 22.5% 6.8% 3.301 medium 31.6% 12.1% 2.599 0.009 20.4% 7.2% 2.819 high 31.0% 11.8% 2.636 0.008 31.9% 7.8% 4.07 Total 100% 100% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat Extraversion (average of 4 different 265.7%items) 7.2% 36.764 0 265.9% 4.3% 61.552 3 different items) Conscientiousness (average of 287.6% 8.2% 34.927 0 300.8% 5.4% 55.991 Openness (average of 3 different items) 8.1% 38.012 306.4% 0 309.3% 4.2% 73.413 Emotional Stability (average of items) 28.398 3 different 9.1% 259.3% 0 268.9% 5.6% 48.233 313.0%items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 7.5% 41.735 0 314.1% 4.0% 79.027 Grit (average of 3 different items) 273.5% 7.5% 36.586 0 272.9% 4.9% 55.541 different items) Decision making (average of 4 320.7% 5.5% 58.165 0 325.6% 3.8% 86.079 Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items) 9.9% 16.407 163.1% 0 158.2% 5.6% 28.484 (6) Labor Market Outcomes Total Level 0/1 Level 2 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or 1,598 No 6.7% 1.3% 5.099 0 45 18.0% 2.1% 1,330 Yes 11.1% 1.7% 6.642 0 67 30.1% 2.7% Employment status r private enterprise Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage company, an NGO or any other individual? 938 Employed 6.9% 2.1% 3.336 0.001 20 18.3% 3.3% 660 Unemployed 10.5% 2.7% 3.945 0 25 28.5% 3.6% Educational status of inactive population to work, have found Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy se 1,096 Inactive not in education 8.7% 1.8% 4.766 0 33 19.8% 2.6% 234 Inactive and in education 9.3% 2.3% 4.136 0 34 29.2% 3.7% Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 58 Employer 2.6% 1.8% 1.435 0.155 3 0.0% 0.0% 76 Self-employed 1.9% 1.9% 1.013 0.314 0 1.0% 1.0% 788 Wage worker 15.9% 4.2% 3.777 0 17 41.2% 5.7% 16 Unpaid family worker/other 0.6% 0.6% 0.997 0.322 0 0.5% 0.5% Total Level 0/1 Level 2 N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? 10 Military personnel 6.80% 12.80% 0.536 0.592 1 22.60% 29.20% 525 14.80% 7.00% 2.118 0.034 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 5 40.00% 9.00% 318 Low skilled white collar 12.60% 4.50% 2.799 0.005 11 45.70% 8.20% 120 12.90% Crafts and related trades workers; 14.00% Plant and machine 0.917 operator0.359 2 and assemblers 52.20% 22.90% 113 Elementary occupations 28.10% 17.50% 1.609 0.108 3 38.60% 23.80% 6 Skilled agriculture work 14.70% 26.50% 0.556 0.578 0 35.90% 42.60% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or 804 No 15.80% 4.90% 3.237 0.001 17 44.30% 7.30% 58 Yes 80.70% 34.50% 2.34 0.019 3 19.30% 34.50% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 96 myself only 6.00% 18.00% 0.332 0.74 0 68.90% 29.80% 25 2-5 80.70% 35.60% 2.268 0.023 3 19.30% 35.60% 10 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 270 Not useful at all 9.90% 5.40% 1.824 0.068 4 47.40% 12.10% 149 Somewhat useful 24.70% 10.10% 2.441 0.015 6 42.90% 11.70% 144 Moderately useful 11.40% 7.30% 1.566 0.117 5 42.40% 18.20% 512 Very useful 13.90% 6.70% 2.068 0.039 7 38.70% 8.80% 13 11.90% 22.40% Respondent without formal schooling 0.531 0.596 0 46.60% 29.30% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required 681 Correct qualification for job 10.50% 4.20% 2.485 0.013 9 41.90% 7.40% 388 Over or underqualified for job 18.70% 6.30% 2.977 0.003 13 42.40% 10.60% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 12 Ministry of employment 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 53.90% 44.70% 11 6.80% 17.80% Through private employment agency 0.381 0.703 0 11.30% 21.60% 25 office 39.30% 25.40% Through university/school career 0.647 0.518 1 43.50% 37.90% 407 18.40% 6.90% Through social network (friends/relative/other) 2.664 0.008 12 44.80% 9.80% 28 Through media/ internet 13.90% 18.90% 0.735 0.463 1 57.90% 27.70% 84 Employer contacted you 24.50% 21.10% 1.16 0.246 1 26.40% 22.70% 180 Contacted employer directly 9.70% 10.50% 0.925 0.355 2 49.00% 18.50% 112 Started own business 11.10% 28.30% 0.39 0.696 0 50.60% 46.70% 45 14.50% 15.00% Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 0.972 with employer 0.331 1 34.50% 24.30% 34 Other 41.70% 29.60% 1.41 0.159 2 57.60% 29.30% Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 1.50% 2.70% 0.551 0.582 1.60% 2.30% 0.686 34.20% 12.90% 2.649 0.008 31.30% Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 7.20% 4.323 Low skilled white collar 42.90% 13.40% 3.194 0.001 51.20% 7.70% 6.627 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 6.10% machine 6.90% 0.888 operator0.375 8.60% and assemblers 4.60% 1.86 Elementary occupations 13.90% 9.40% 1.481 0.139 6.20% 4.60% 1.361 Skilled agriculture work 1.30% 2.40% 0.553 0.581 1.10% 1.80% 0.616 Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or No 0.00% 0.00% . . 76.70% 22.50% 3.408 Yes 100.0% 0.00% . . 23.30% 22.50% 1.034 Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 20.50% 10.70% 1.906 0.057 32.20% 8.20% 3.94 Somewhat useful 29.30% 11.90% 2.466 0.014 16.90% 5.50% 3.068 Moderately useful 11.60% 6.90% 1.686 0.092 14.30% 6.40% 2.231 Very useful 37.30% 14.50% 2.571 0.01 34.90% 8.40% 4.17 1.30% 2.50% Respondent without formal schooling 0.505 0.613 1.70% 1.30% 1.252 Total 100% 100% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required Correct qualification for job 97.60% 1.40% 71.91 0 98.90% 0.70% 149.655 Over or underqualified for job 2.40% 1.40% 1.806 0.071 1.10% 0.70% 1.589 Total 100% 100% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Youth (ages 15-24) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat ol, Montessori ? 7.499 0 74 28.9% 4.8% 5.98 0 37 3.7% 2.5% 1.445 12.811 0 217 32.4% 3.5% 9.37 0 133 2.3% 1.0% 2.338 49.067 0 268 84.5% 3.5% 24.187 0 141 83.3% 15.4% 5.423 3.941 0 22 15.5% 3.5% 4.43 0 28 16.7% 15.4% 1.086 0.48 0.631 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . ational level that you started? 14.573 0 274 32.5% 3.2% 10.186 0 162 2.8% 1.1% 2.527 4.914 0 17 20.4% 9.1% 2.237 0.025 8 0.5% 1.7% 0.315 as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 15.562 0 261 30.3% 2.8% 10.687 0 149 2.4% 1.0% 2.458 3.836 0 30 42.3% 10.4% 4.051 0 21 4.2% 4.1% 1.022 n a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 14.435 0 272 31.0% 3.1% 10.051 0 152 2.3% 1.0% 2.167 4.768 0 19 38.8% 8.5% 4.552 0 18 6.0% 5.0% 1.202 rticular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 13.499 0 256 31.2% 3.1% 9.931 0 141 2.8% 1.2% 2.388 6.372 0 36 34.4% 7.9% 4.363 0 29 1.2% 1.6% 0.771 evel 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ol, Montessori ? 0 20.0% 3.7% 5.389 0 30.2% 16.2% 1.862 0.063 0 80.0% 3.7% 21.514 0 69.8% 16.2% 4.303 0 100.0% 100.0% 0 84.5% 3.5% 24.187 0 83.3% 15.4% 5.423 0 0 15.5% 3.5% 4.43 0 16.7% 15.4% 1.086 0.277 0.631 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% ational level that you started? 0 95.6% 2.0% 48.472 0 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 0 4.4% 2.0% 2.211 0.027 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 0 85.2% 3.8% 22.4 0 83.0% 13.9% 5.971 0 0 14.8% 3.8% 3.888 0 17.0% 13.9% 1.224 0.221 100.0% 100.0% n a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 89.6% 2.7% 33.326 0 79.8% 15.5% 5.135 0 0 10.4% 2.7% 3.861 0 20.2% 15.5% 1.3 0.193 100.0% 100.0% rticular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 0 85.2% 3.5% 24.214 0 93.6% 8.6% 10.928 0 0 14.8% 3.5% 4.22 0 6.4% 8.6% 0.749 0.454 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat 9.479 0 115 30.7% 5.1% 6.067 0 64 3.0% 1.7% 1.748 13.929 0 177 32.2% 3.1% 10.341 0 106 2.3% 1.4% 1.594 14.573 0 267 32.5% 3.2% 10.186 0 163 2.8% 1.1% 2.527 4.914 0 25 20.4% 9.1% 2.237 0.025 7 0.5% 1.7% 0.315 3.476 0.001 7 8.0% 16.3% 0.488 0.625 0 0.0% 0.0% . 10.211 0 94 16.9% 3.7% 4.523 0 22 0.7% 0.7% 0.976 11.419 0 183 38.8% 3.7% 10.414 0 148 3.5% 1.5% 2.339 2.9 0.004 3 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . 8.942 0 118 24.1% 4.2% 5.669 0 42 0.9% 0.8% 1.197 11.845 0 157 37.1% 3.8% 9.781 0 123 3.8% 1.6% 2.316 oorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years o 5.374 0 27 22.1% 9.1% 2.424 0.015 8 0.0% 0.0% . 11.525 0 179 31.5% 3.6% 8.677 0 101 3.2% 1.4% 2.237 10.158 0 85 34.9% 4.4% 7.993 0 61 2.1% 1.5% 1.396 nificantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/ f crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 12.103 0 199 30.5% 3.3% 9.139 0 112 2.7% 1.3% 1.988 7.798 0 58 32.9% 5.8% 5.709 0 36 2.7% 2.0% 1.302 5.283 0 34 35.9% 7.3% 4.914 0 22 2.1% 2.1% 0.999 er, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 16.188 0 282 31.3% 2.9% 10.634 0 161 2.7% 1.1% 2.437 2.789 0.005 9 37.1% 12.4% 2.993 0.003 9 1.6% 3.0% 0.543 10.574 0 118 28.7% 4.6% 6.292 0 63 1.8% 1.4% 1.283 9.773 0 96 28.3% 4.5% 6.281 0 51 2.2% 1.4% 1.532 6.583 0 78 38.0% 5.7% 6.718 0 56 3.8% 2.1% 1.751 ond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 3.457 0.001 11 7.2% 8.1% 0.89 0.373 0 0.0% 0.0% . 1.619 0.106 3 16.7% 24.0% 0.695 0.487 1 0.0% 0.0% . 2.898 0.004 12 42.3% 13.9% 3.034 0.002 7 0.7% 3.2% 0.223 4.399 0 15 8.9% 7.2% 1.237 0.216 4 1.3% 1.8% 0.694 8.109 0 57 30.6% 6.2% 4.926 0 30 1.9% 1.8% 1.025 4.958 0 28 30.0% 9.6% 3.114 0.002 12 3.1% 4.2% 0.743 7.5 0 55 36.6% 6.1% 5.96 0 34 3.2% 2.5% 1.279 8.108 0 49 38.2% 5.9% 6.468 0 51 3.5% 2.8% 1.245 4.702 0 23 31.4% 9.2% 3.406 0.001 13 5.4% 4.4% 1.223 5.763 0 38 26.4% 7.3% 3.597 0 18 0.7% 1.6% 0.427 evel 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 38.9% 4.7% 8.26 0 48.7% 23.5% 2.075 0.038 0 61.1% 4.7% 12.997 0 51.3% 23.5% 2.189 0.029 100% 100% 0 95.3% 2.2% 43.254 0 98.9% 3.4% 29.471 0 0 4.7% 2.2% 2.121 0.034 1.1% 3.4% 0.324 0.746 100.0% 100.0% 0.071 0.3% 0.7% 0.443 0.657 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 15.5% 3.3% 4.662 0 8.0% 9.1% 0.884 0.377 0 84.1% 3.6% 23.43 0 92.0% 9.1% 10.146 0 100.0% 100.0% 0.119 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 28.5% 4.5% 6.385 0 13.3% 10.5% 1.261 0.207 0 71.5% 4.5% 16.004 0 86.7% 10.5% 8.243 0 100.0% 100.0% oorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 0 6.1% 2.6% 2.345 0.019 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 62.2% 4.4% 14.071 0 77.0% 14.7% 5.25 0 0 31.7% 4.0% 7.992 0 23.0% 14.7% 1.57 0.117 100.0% 100.0% nificantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or 0 65.2% 4.4% 14.941 0 68.3% 18.2% 3.756 0 0 21.0% 3.7% 5.758 0 22.0% 17.7% 1.239 0.215 0 13.8% 3.0% 4.55 0 9.7% 9.8% 0.994 0.32 100.0% 100.0% er, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 93.6% 2.3% 40.993 0 96.7% 6.0% 16.212 0 0.011 6.4% 2.3% 2.809 0.005 3.3% 6.0% 0.552 0.581 100.0% 100.0% 0 30.3% 5.4% 5.565 0 23.7% 16.6% 1.433 0.152 0 30.0% 4.2% 7.194 0 28.4% 15.0% 1.896 0.058 0 39.7% 5.5% 7.213 0 47.9% 20.0% 2.399 0.016 100.0% 100.0% ond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.005 0.5% 0.6% 0.877 0.381 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.211 0.4% 0.6% 0.627 0.53 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.017 5.2% 2.0% 2.56 0.01 0.7% 3.3% 0.223 0.824 0.002 1.2% 1.1% 1.155 0.248 2.0% 3.0% 0.679 0.497 0 17.8% 3.5% 5.034 0 13.7% 13.1% 1.048 0.295 0 8.5% 3.0% 2.832 0.005 9.9% 12.6% 0.786 0.432 0 21.8% 3.8% 5.759 0 23.1% 16.5% 1.402 0.161 0 25.0% 4.0% 6.185 0 29.3% 20.1% 1.456 0.145 0 8.3% 2.4% 3.388 0.001 17.5% 12.7% 1.377 0.168 0 11.3% 3.2% 3.57 0 3.8% 8.7% 0.434 0.664 0.0% 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 10.581 0 156 29.5% 3.8% 7.672 0 85 2.6% 1.3% 1.973 7.281 0 61 32.4% 5.8% 5.629 0 34 1.5% 1.6% 0.947 7.245 0 50 35.5% 6.6% 5.35 0 31 2.7% 2.5% 1.071 3.607 0 19 40.6% 10.0% 4.078 0 19 5.1% 5.6% 0.902 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate f math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 5.465 0 33 26.5% 7.9% 3.352 0.001 19 1.0% 1.6% 0.621 6.433 0 31 18.6% 5.9% 3.151 0.002 13 3.1% 2.9% 1.07 11.327 0 121 30.1% 4.1% 7.41 0 63 1.9% 1.2% 1.58 8.048 0 106 38.7% 5.3% 7.271 0 75 3.6% 2.1% 1.693 over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 7.578 0 58 24.7% 5.3% 4.618 0 23 2.0% 1.9% 1.053 5.745 0 32 21.5% 7.7% 2.787 0.005 11 0.9% 1.7% 0.525 6.686 0 52 26.1% 6.2% 4.229 0 25 0.5% 1.4% 0.395 10.214 0 138 38.9% 4.9% 7.975 0 110 3.0% 1.7% 1.766 evel 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 49.2% 5.0% 9.763 0 54.6% 23.6% 2.309 0.021 0 21.3% 3.9% 5.393 0 11.3% 10.5% 1.077 0.282 0 17.6% 3.5% 5.061 0 16.1% 15.7% 1.031 0.303 0.001 11.9% 3.1% 3.843 0 18.0% 19.7% 0.915 0.36 0.0% 0.0% months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 0 9.8% 3.4% 2.917 0.004 3.9% 6.1% 0.64 0.522 0 7.1% 2.3% 3.106 0.002 15.1% 14.5% 1.036 0.3 0 35.8% 4.4% 8.174 0 28.2% 15.5% 1.823 0.068 0 47.4% 4.9% 9.62 0 52.8% 20.3% 2.597 0.009 100.1% 100.0% over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0 15.3% 3.7% 4.078 0 19.4% 16.8% 1.15 0.25 0 6.1% 2.4% 2.571 0.01 3.9% 7.7% 0.506 0.613 0 13.2% 3.4% 3.906 0 3.7% 9.4% 0.395 0.693 0 65.4% 5.5% 11.946 0 73.0% 18.5% 3.952 0 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat 1.496 0.135 6 5.2% 6.2% 0.839 0.402 1 0.3% 1.5% 0.217 14.629 0 264 33.0% 3.2% 10.404 0 164 2.2% 1.1% 2.029 evel 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.177 0.7% 0.8% 0.809 0.419 0.7% 3.3% 0.219 0.827 0 99.3% 0.8% 123.159 0 99.3% 3.3% 29.633 0 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of th 3.575 0 15 41.7% 13.5% 3.086 0.002 10 2.9% 4.0% 0.727 4.544 0 25 35.2% 9.2% 3.848 0 18 3.1% 3.6% 0.861 3.204 0.001 11 44.8% 11.7% 3.819 0 16 4.6% 6.4% 0.725 2.635 0.008 9 42.1% 14.1% 2.988 0.003 6 0.8% 3.5% 0.222 4.506 0 25 8.2% 7.4% 1.102 0.27 0 3.6% 4.9% 0.73 6.072 0 21 18.1% 9.2% 1.969 0.049 5 0.9% 2.2% 0.403 5.02 0 23 26.5% 7.2% 3.663 0 16 0.5% 1.4% 0.374 12.947 0 222 34.5% 3.4% 10.166 0 149 2.9% 1.2% 2.315 3.833 0 29 39.7% 10.8% 3.665 0 20 2.2% 3.2% 0.696 0.859 0.39 1 61.9% 34.1% 1.817 0.069 2 8.1% 19.1% 0.424 1.957 0.05 4 21.7% 17.1% 1.266 0.206 2 0.3% 1.3% 0.214 4.761 0 26 41.8% 8.7% 4.804 0 26 4.2% 4.3% 0.982 h as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint s software; software programming; managing computer networks? 3.83 0 29 39.2% 11.0% 3.584 0 19 2.3% 3.3% 0.696 4.824 0 16 29.7% 10.5% 2.822 0.005 10 0.5% 1.7% 0.266 3.188 0.001 15 45.7% 10.8% 4.248 0 18 6.6% 5.7% 1.163 orkers (supervise)? 6.465 0 47 39.3% 7.0% 5.583 0 39 3.0% 2.8% 1.103 2.795 0.005 13 42.8% 15.2% 2.823 0.005 11 3.8% 5.7% 0.669 orkers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means mu 3.139 0.002 13 36.0% 13.2% 2.726 0.006 10 1.4% 3.1% 0.457 2.1 0.036 4 48.8% 16.6% 2.943 0.003 6 2.7% 8.2% 0.333 3.292 0.001 12 38.3% 14.0% 2.727 0.006 9 3.0% 4.7% 0.642 4.825 0 31 40.3% 8.5% 4.755 0 25 4.1% 3.4% 1.198 o lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 3.848 0 18 48.2% 10.9% 4.409 0 17 1.8% 3.3% 0.546 3.319 0.001 14 41.2% 12.6% 3.261 0.001 11 6.4% 7.9% 0.817 2.732 0.006 9 42.6% 12.6% 3.374 0.001 12 2.9% 3.7% 0.779 5.21 0 18 29.1% 9.5% 3.061 0.002 10 2.2% 4.3% 0.526 evel 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure ke tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 0 21.5% 7.0% 3.056 0.002 19.2% 25.5% 0.755 0.45 0 34.9% 8.0% 4.384 0 37.3% 33.7% 1.107 0.268 0.001 30.4% 8.4% 3.634 0 41.0% 42.2% 0.971 0.331 0.024 13.2% 5.1% 2.584 0.01 2.4% 10.7% 0.226 0.821 100% 100% 0.001 1.3% 1.3% 1.063 0.288 7.5% 10.8% 0.691 0.489 0 2.9% 1.5% 1.914 0.056 2.2% 5.9% 0.377 0.706 0 7.4% 2.2% 3.29 0.001 1.8% 5.2% 0.339 0.734 0 88.4% 3.0% 29.851 0 88.5% 12.9% 6.875 0 100% 100% 0 41.2% 9.6% 4.276 0 26.3% 31.2% 0.846 0.398 0.481 4.5% 3.6% 1.242 0.214 9.1% 21.6% 0.424 0.672 0.097 4.1% 3.7% 1.123 0.262 0.6% 2.9% 0.208 0.835 0 50.2% 9.9% 5.095 0 63.9% 41.5% 1.541 0.123 100% 100% h as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; ware (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 0 42.4% 9.9% 4.307 0 26.5% 31.2% 0.851 0.395 0 19.0% 6.6% 2.858 0.004 3.3% 11.3% 0.289 0.773 0.002 38.6% 9.5% 4.063 0 70.2% 32.4% 2.17 0.03 100% 100% orkers (supervise)? 0 78.1% 7.9% 9.855 0 74.2% 37.8% 1.965 0.049 0.012 21.9% 7.9% 2.763 0.006 25.8% 37.8% 0.682 0.495 100.0% 100.0% orkers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, eracting with people other than co- workers) 0.004 17.7% 7.1% 2.479 0.013 7.7% 16.6% 0.464 0.643 0.068 12.8% 5.6% 2.299 0.021 6.0% 17.0% 0.352 0.725 0.001 17.1% 7.0% 2.432 0.015 15.6% 24.1% 0.644 0.52 0 52.5% 8.5% 6.148 0 70.8% 30.8% 2.298 0.022 100% 100% o lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0 32.2% 7.8% 4.114 0 18.0% 29.9% 0.603 0.546 0.001 23.6% 7.4% 3.176 0.001 45.7% 41.9% 1.09 0.276 0.005 25.5% 7.5% 3.399 0.001 22.7% 27.8% 0.818 0.414 0 18.7% 6.8% 2.744 0.006 13.5% 22.7% 0.598 0.55 100% 100% evel 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 275.6% 6.0% 46.192 0 270.9% 21.6% 12.53 0 0 304.2% 5.4% 56.546 0 316.1% 14.4% 21.92 0 0 320.4% 3.9% 81.927 0 335.0% 14.9% 22.466 0 0 274.4% 7.9% 34.566 0 295.6% 22.2% 13.326 0 0 311.3% 5.6% 55.687 0 312.7% 19.4% 16.143 0 0 275.2% 5.2% 52.423 0 277.5% 17.0% 16.329 0 0 329.3% 5.4% 60.766 0 337.8% 22.5% 15.003 0 0 144.8% 6.8% 21.43 0 147.0% 23.4% 6.274 0 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat ny way to find a salaried or wage job? 8.638 0 105 12.8% 1.8% 7.076 0 72 1.1% 0.7% 1.61 11.188 0 186 18.8% 2.4% 7.901 0 97 1.5% 0.7% 2.077 at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private 5.502 0 45 14.4% 2.9% 5.004 0 31 1.2% 1.2% 0.963 7.955 0 60 18.7% 3.5% 5.337 0 41 1.6% 1.2% 1.35 r work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, ployer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 7.466 0 77 6.6% 1.7% 3.911 0 16 0.6% 0.5% 1.129 7.802 0 109 24.0% 3.3% 7.347 0 81 1.9% 1.0% 1.878 . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 1.044 0.3 3 2.0% 1.3% 1.522 0.132 1 0.0% 7.208 0 40 32.4% 5.3% 6.064 0 29 0.0% 1.007 0.317 2 1.8% 1.8% 1.025 0.308 1 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat ation (or job title)? 0.775 0.439 0 70.50% 31.40% 2.244 0.025 2 0.00% 0.00% . 4.455 0 20 39.50% 9.60% 4.133 0 18 5.70% 5.10% 1.123 5.551 0 33 39.20% 8.80% 4.443 0 23 2.40% 3.20% 0.75 2.279 0.023 6 34.90% 20.50% 1.701 0.089 2 0.00% 0.00% . 1.618 0.106 2 33.30% 19.40% 1.719 0.086 4 0.00% 0.00% . 0.843 0.399 1 42.30% 44.50% 0.951 0.342 1 7.10% 25.20% 0.28 prise when you set it up or took it over? 6.056 0 42 37.20% 6.90% 5.36 0 30 2.80% 3.00% 0.914 0.56 0.575 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 0.00% 0.00% . 2.314 0.021 3 19.80% 24.80% 0.8 0.424 1 5.30% 10.20% 0.521 0.543 0.587 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 0.00% 0.00% . 3.924 0 19 40.40% 12.50% 3.233 0.001 16 2.20% 3.10% 0.712 3.663 0 10 32.20% 12.80% 2.511 0.012 8 0.10% 0.70% 0.216 2.332 0.02 5 46.20% 18.40% 2.504 0.012 6 0.00% 0.00% . 4.407 0 23 40.70% 9.70% 4.215 0 19 6.60% 5.50% 1.208 1.589 0.112 3 41.60% 29.00% 1.433 0.152 1 0.00% 0.00% . u think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 5.633 0 35 44.60% 7.90% 5.663 0 33 3.00% 3.20% 0.948 3.991 0 23 35.30% 10.50% 3.346 0.001 17 3.60% 4.60% 0.774 1.206 0.228 1 46.10% 44.70% 1.031 0.303 1 0.00% 0.00% . 0.524 0.6 1 81.90% 24.50% 3.347 0.001 1 0.00% 0.00% . 1.147 0.252 1 31.10% 31.00% 1.003 0.316 1 0.00% 0.00% . 4.554 0 19 30.50% 9.70% 3.156 0.002 13 6.30% 6.40% 0.995 2.089 0.037 5 28.20% 20.30% 1.389 0.165 2 0.00% 0.00% . 1.167 0.243 2 49.10% 26.10% 1.877 0.06 2 0.00% 0.00% . 2.651 0.008 6 41.30% 17.00% 2.428 0.015 8 0.00% 0.00% . 1.082 0.279 2 38.40% 48.00% 0.799 0.424 1 0.00% 0.00% . 1.418 0.156 4 51.00% 22.30% 2.287 0.022 2 0.00% 0.00% . 1.962 0.05 4 0.70% 3.40% 0.21 0.833 0 0.00% 0.00% . evel 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ation (or job title)? 0.493 5.50% 4.60% 1.202 0.229 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 33.60% 7.80% 4.317 0 65.40% 33.70% 1.937 0.053 0 47.60% 8.80% 5.433 0 32.20% 33.10% 0.973 0.33 0.063 6.10% 4.10% 1.48 0.139 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.173 5.90% 4.00% 1.489 0.137 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.538 1.40% 2.20% 0.635 0.526 2.40% 10.70% 0.227 0.821 100% 100% prise when you set it up or took it over? 0.014 100% 0.00% . . 100% 0.00% . . 0.341 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% 0 29.10% 8.50% 3.415 0.001 19.20% 25.70% 0.748 0.454 0.002 13.50% 6.70% 2.013 0.044 0.60% 2.90% 0.208 0.835 0.026 16.60% 7.30% 2.28 0.023 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 39.10% 9.40% 4.163 0 80.20% 26.60% 3.012 0.003 0.211 1.60% 1.60% 1.007 0.314 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% u think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0 97.60% 1.40% 70.059 0 95.30% 7.70% 12.374 0 0.112 2.40% 1.40% 1.725 0.085 4.70% 7.70% 0.604 0.546 100% 100% Level 4/5 Total p-value N Row % N 0.148 4 100% 141 0.019 13 100% 449 0 15 100% 525 0.277 3 2% 63 . 0 100% 1 0.012 17 100% 557 0.753 0 100% 33 mal educational system)? 0.014 14 100% 530 0.307 3 100% 60 0.03 14 100% 545 0.229 3 100% 45 0.017 15 100% 513 0.441 2 100% 78 Level 4/5 Total p-value N Row % N 0.08 7 100% 238 0.111 10 100% 353 0.012 17 100% 547 0.753 0 100% 44 . 0 100% 8 0.329 1 100% 174 0.019 16 100% 398 . 0 100% 4 0.231 1 100% 220 0.021 16 100% 345 ily was when you were 15 years old? . 0 100% 48 0.025 14 100% 362 0.163 3 100% 180 er; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol 0.047 10 100% 396 0.193 4 100% 125 0.318 3 100% 69 0.015 16 100% 562 0.587 1 100% 28 0.199 4 100% 238 0.125 6 100% 189 0.08 7 100% 164 . 0 100% 16 . 0 100% 6 0.824 0 100% 22 0.488 1 100% 27 0.305 2 100% 108 0.457 2 100% 52 0.201 4 100% 106 0.213 4 100% 121 0.221 4 100% 49 0.669 0 100% 83 Level 4/5 Total p-value N Row % N 0.048 8 100% 312 0.344 3 100% 128 0.284 4 100% 94 0.367 2 100% 48 prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, 0.535 1 100% 71 0.284 2 100% 75 0.114 5 100% 235 0.091 9 100% 209 0.292 3 100% 115 0.599 0 100% 59 0.693 0 100% 95 0.077 11 100% 304 Level 4/5 Total p-value N Row % N 0.829 0 100% 25 0.043 13 100% 535 Level 4/5 Total p-value N Row % N they should be done. As part of this work, how 0.467 1 100% 28 0.389 3 100% 58 0.468 1 100% 33 0.824 0 100% 18 0.465 1 100% 39 0.687 0 100% 33 0.709 0 100% 55 0.021 16 100% 463 0.487 3 100% 63 0.671 0 100% 3 0.831 0 100% 9 0.326 2 100% 62 ics software (such as powerpoint); designing 0.486 3 100% 62 0.79 0 100% 30 0.245 2 100% 42 0.27 4 100% 109 0.504 1 100% 28 e involvement and 10 means much of the work 0.648 1 100% 30 0.739 0 100% 12 0.521 1 100% 26 0.231 3 100% 69 0.585 0 100% 39 0.414 3 100% 30 0.436 1 100% 29 0.599 1 100% 38 Level 4/5 Total p-value N Row % N 0.107 7 39% 229 0.038 10 62% 360 d, for example, a public or private enterprise or 0.335 2 41% 98 0.177 5 59% 131 ary service, do not want to work, have found a 0.259 3 36% 129 0.06 7 64% 231 0 3% 3 1 5% 5 1 90% 87 0 3% 3 Level 4/5 Total p-value N Row % N . 0 100% 3 0.261 2 100% 45 0.453 3 100% 70 . 0 100% 10 . 0 100% 9 0.779 0 100% 2 0.361 1 100% 90 . 0 100% 3 0.603 1 100% 5 . 0 100% 3 0.476 2 100% 41 0.829 0 100% 24 . 0 100% 16 0.227 3 100% 52 . 0 100% 4 0.343 3 100% 80 0.439 2 100% 55 . 0 100% 2 . 0 100% 2 . 0 100% 3 0.32 2 100% 46 . 0 100% 8 . 0 100% 5 . 0 100% 16 . 0 100% 3 . 0 100% 7 . 0 100% 6 All adults (age (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 87.20% 1.50% 57.103 0 919 10.20% 1.40% 7.27 Yes 73.00% 1.60% 44.318 0 1,397 20.10% 1.40% 14.455 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 77.10% 1.40% 55.275 0 1,789 17.60% 1.10% 15.286 Private 68.40% 3.60% 18.772 0 257 22.50% 3.40% 6.531 Other 64.90% 21.30% 3.041 0.002 13 34.90% 21.40% 1.633 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 69.90% 1.70% 41.61 0 1,463 22.70% 1.40% 16.47 Yes 96.40% 1.20% 81.621 0 598 3.00% 1.20% 2.503 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t No 80.20% 1.30% 61.682 0 2,249 15.50% 1.10% 14.533 Yes 53.50% 5.00% 10.755 0 101 28.60% 4.60% 6.209 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 73.90% 1.70% 44.652 0 1,579 19.60% 1.30% 14.966 Yes 92.10% 1.40% 67.72 0 771 6.60% 1.30% 4.928 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 78.50% 1.30% 59.019 0 2,190 16.40% 1.10% 15.538 Yes 76.90% 4.00% 19.282 0 163 17.00% 3.60% 4.68 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 40.50% 1.90% 21.637 0 22.50% 2.90% 7.748 0 Yes 59.50% 1.90% 31.775 0 77.50% 2.90% 26.753 0 Total 100% 100% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 86.10% 1.10% 80.098 0 80.60% 2.80% 28.559 0 Private 13.10% 1.10% 12.451 0 17.70% 2.70% 6.658 0 Other 0.80% 0.40% 2.188 0.029 1.70% 1.30% 1.362 0.173 Total 100% 100% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 71.80% 1.40% 51.074 0 96.40% 1.40% 67.505 0 Yes 28.20% 1.40% 20.071 0 3.60% 1.40% 2.54 0.011 Total 100% 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t of the formal educational system)? No 95.40% 0.60% 148.681 0 88.30% 2.00% 45.023 0 Yes 4.60% 0.60% 7.147 0 11.70% 2.00% 5.971 0 Total 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 71.00% 1.30% 52.987 0 90.10% 2.00% 45.944 0 Yes 29.00% 1.30% 21.652 0 9.90% 2.00% 5.042 0 Total 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 94.00% 0.60% 151.729 0 93.60% 1.50% 62.749 0 Yes 6.00% 0.60% 9.715 0 6.40% 1.50% 4.266 0 Total 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 68.00% 2.20% 30.475 0 874 24.00% 1.80% 13.415 Female 85.90% 1.40% 62.312 0 1,479 10.90% 1.40% 8.019 Age 15-24 69.60% 2.60% 26.51 0 575 23.70% 2.30% 10.293 25-34 79.30% 1.90% 41.891 0 792 15.40% 1.70% 9.038 35-44 87.30% 2.00% 43.622 0 525 9.20% 1.70% 5.519 45-54 85.70% 3.40% 24.858 0 260 9.50% 3.10% 3.101 55+ 78.80% 3.80% 20.569 0 201 17.30% 3.40% 5.044 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 78.10% 3.40% 23.287 0 272 17.90% 3.00% 5.984 Secondary 65.30% 2.40% 27.778 0 577 25.10% 2.10% 12.072 Tertiary 49.40% 9.30% 5.284 0 49 32.40% 8.50% 3.796 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 81.00% 4.20% 19.06 0 145 15.40% 3.90% 3.932 Secondary 73.40% 1.90% 38.043 0 880 20.20% 1.70% 11.891 Tertiary 57.60% 4.40% 13.07 0 190 28.90% 3.90% 7.347 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the Low SES 87.10% 2.10% 41.761 0 598 10.20% 2.00% 5.056 Middle SES 75.80% 1.70% 44.385 0 1,252 18.60% 1.70% 11.237 High SES 75.40% 2.60% 29.359 0 478 17.60% 2.20% 7.979 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natur No shocks 76.10% 1.80% 41.838 0 1,223 17.70% 1.50% 11.882 One shock 80.70% 1.80% 44.257 0 676 15.30% 1.80% 8.375 Two or more shocks 81.90% 2.40% 34.65 0 441 14.00% 2.40% 5.94 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 78.3% 1.3% 58.182 0 2,132 16.3% 1.1% 15.186 Yes 79.4% 4.0% 19.926 0 217 16.8% 3.8% 4.434 Household Asset Index Low 90.80% 1.40% 65.874 0 878 8.40% 1.40% 6.01 Medium 83.50% 1.80% 46.954 0 872 12.70% 1.60% 7.981 High 60.70% 2.60% 23.683 0 603 28.20% 2.20% 12.622 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 89.3% 4.1% 21.949 0 248 9.6% 4.0% 2.427 2 90.3% 3.4% 26.823 0 125 9.1% 3.4% 2.686 3 87.1% 3.0% 28.968 0 201 10.5% 2.7% 3.86 4 78.2% 3.6% 21.459 0 279 15.6% 3.2% 4.865 5 78.8% 2.5% 31.699 0 461 16.8% 2.3% 7.263 6 74.2% 3.2% 23.011 0 277 20.3% 3.1% 6.614 7 71.9% 3.9% 18.586 0 216 21.4% 3.6% 5.988 8 69.0% 4.1% 16.976 0 202 23.0% 3.6% 6.409 9 61.1% 7.0% 8.736 0 72 19.1% 7.2% 2.644 10 82.9% 3.2% 26.072 0 267 12.9% 3.1% 4.21 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 36.50% 1.60% 22.941 0 61.60% 4.10% 15.013 0 Female 63.50% 1.60% 39.96 0 38.40% 4.10% 9.339 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 28.40% 1.40% 20.486 0 46.30% 3.90% 11.762 0 25-34 28.60% 1.10% 25.391 0 26.50% 2.90% 9.173 0 35-44 21.30% 1.10% 18.867 0 10.80% 1.90% 5.805 0 45-54 12.10% 1.00% 12.482 0 6.40% 2.10% 2.987 0.003 55+ 9.60% 1.00% 9.917 0 10.00% 2.00% 4.969 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 30.10% 2.00% 14.909 0 19.40% 3.20% 6.021 0 Secondary 63.90% 2.30% 28.096 0 69.40% 4.00% 17.493 0 Tertiary 6.00% 1.40% 4.259 0 11.20% 3.10% 3.592 0 Total 100% 100% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 12.60% 1.30% 9.666 0 8.00% 2.20% 3.684 0 Secondary 72.20% 1.60% 45.269 0 66.60% 3.60% 18.74 0 Tertiary 15.10% 1.40% 11.012 0 25.40% 3.30% 7.662 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 25.20% 1.30% 19.554 0 14.00% 2.90% 4.898 0 Middle SES 54.40% 1.40% 38.765 0 63.30% 3.90% 16.278 0 High SES 20.40% 1.20% 16.595 0 22.70% 2.60% 8.673 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss o other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 53.20% 1.60% 33.092 0 59.10% 3.30% 17.833 0 One shock 29.10% 1.20% 23.524 0 26.50% 3.00% 8.739 0 Two or more shocks 17.70% 1.30% 13.587 0 14.50% 2.50% 5.788 0 Total 100% 100% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 90.1% 0.9% 95.853 0 89.9% 2.3% 39.966 0 Yes 9.9% 0.9% 10.559 0 10.1% 2.3% 4.476 0 Totall 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 38.90% 2.40% 15.959 0 17.20% 3.00% 5.771 0 Medium 35.50% 1.80% 20.022 0 25.70% 3.20% 8.057 0 High 25.70% 1.90% 13.49 0 57.00% 3.70% 15.523 0 Total 100% 100% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 10.6% 0.9% 12.058 0 5.5% 2.3% 2.36 0.018 2 4.9% 0.5% 9.229 0 2.3% 0.9% 2.529 0.011 3 7.9% 0.8% 10.271 0 4.6% 1.2% 3.767 0 4 11.4% 0.9% 12.656 0 10.9% 2.3% 4.818 0 5 20.6% 1.2% 16.716 0 21.1% 2.8% 7.428 0 6 10.9% 0.8% 13.712 0 14.2% 2.3% 6.205 0 7 9.9% 0.8% 12.653 0 14.0% 2.4% 5.892 0 8 8.9% 0.9% 10.433 0 14.2% 2.3% 6.202 0 9 2.7% 0.4% 6.373 0 4.0% 1.6% 2.55 0.011 10 12.2% 1.1% 10.825 0 9.1% 2.1% 4.269 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 96.4% 0.8% 114.87 0 1,001 3.3% 0.9% 3.867 low 74.2% 2.0% 36.604 0 1,071 20.1% 1.8% 11.281 medium 51.2% 4.1% 12.649 0 155 34.5% 3.7% 9.347 high 59.5% 6.1% 9.706 0 113 28.7% 5.7% 5.017 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonom skill not used 78.5% 4.6% 16.926 0 123 16.2% 4.2% 3.885 low 95.4% 1.0% 97.003 0 835 3.9% 1.0% 3.963 medium 76.7% 1.7% 46.136 0 1,265 17.8% 1.4% 12.647 high 46.7% 5.1% 9.088 0 124 38.6% 4.4% 8.799 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 98.4% 0.5% 203.525 0 918 1.4% 0.5% 2.798 low 82.9% 2.1% 39.804 0 832 14.6% 2.1% 7.051 medium 61.8% 3.6% 17.31 0 289 29.0% 3.7% 7.892 high 53.0% 3.2% 16.705 0 291 32.7% 2.9% 11.194 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 43.5% 1.8% 23.715 0 7.2% 1.8% 3.989 0 low 43.8% 1.8% 25.002 0 57.3% 3.7% 15.292 0 medium 6.5% 0.7% 9.62 0 21.2% 2.4% 8.738 0 high 6.2% 1.0% 6.384 0 14.4% 3.1% 4.664 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use a trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 5.5% 0.8% 7.217 0 5.4% 1.5% 3.746 0 low 33.5% 1.6% 20.901 0 6.6% 1.7% 3.958 0 medium 53.9% 1.8% 30.193 0 60.0% 3.5% 17.239 0 high 7.1% 1.0% 7.188 0 28.0% 3.0% 9.265 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 40.2% 1.9% 20.715 0 2.8% 1.0% 2.788 0.005 low 33.6% 1.6% 20.381 0 28.5% 3.8% 7.571 0 medium 12.8% 0.9% 13.646 0 29.0% 3.6% 7.945 0 high 13.4% 1.1% 11.823 0 39.7% 3.8% 10.369 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 100.0% 0.0% 2,271 0 1,274 0.0% 0.0% 0.387 Yes 52.5% 2.4% 21.653 0 631 35.9% 2.0% 17.868 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 65.6% 1.9% 34.095 0 0.0% 0.1% 0.386 0.699 Yes 34.4% 1.9% 17.882 0 100.0% 0.1% 816.25 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 90.9% 1.7% 53.712 0 656 7.7% 1.6% 4.89 low 88.6% 1.8% 49.248 0 504 9.7% 1.7% 5.689 medium 75.3% 2.9% 26.114 0 453 18.8% 2.7% 6.833 high 60.1% 3.4% 17.675 0 251 27.5% 3.0% 9.163 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 89.9% 1.1% 82.486 0 1,999 8.6% 1.0% 8.789 low 57.4% 4.5% 12.662 0 142 34.3% 4.6% 7.429 medium 43.0% 6.2% 6.957 0 61 38.2% 6.7% 5.705 high 40.2% 3.7% 10.872 0 142 40.3% 3.8% 10.725 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 86.4% 1.2% 71.634 0 1,805 10.9% 1.0% 10.453 low 42.2% 12.2% 3.464 0.001 15 48.7% 12.9% 3.761 medium 42.6% 14.1% 3.012 0.003 13 40.4% 13.7% 2.947 high 37.6% 5.3% 7.143 0 70 41.5% 5.7% 7.22 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; mana skill not used 86.4% 1.2% 71.559 0 1,804 10.9% 1.0% 10.456 low 39.5% 7.6% 5.174 0 33 43.5% 10.4% 4.189 medium 34.3% 5.9% 5.838 0 52 44.5% 5.7% 7.788 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 85.6% 1.3% 66.802 0 1,457 11.3% 1.2% 9.685 no 69.9% 2.8% 24.579 0 446 22.2% 2.7% 8.143 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 87.8% 3.1% 28.59 0 269 11.4% 3.0% 3.795 low 86.0% 1.7% 49.533 0 699 10.9% 1.6% 6.933 medium 82.2% 2.1% 39.018 0 515 13.9% 2.0% 6.791 high 71.1% 2.7% 26.403 0 420 20.4% 2.4% 8.447 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 74.6% 6.5% 11.522 0 96 20.4% 6.5% 3.157 low 78.1% 2.1% 36.621 0 587 16.6% 1.9% 8.583 medium 79.8% 2.5% 32.222 0 529 15.5% 2.4% 6.513 high 86.9% 1.8% 49.492 0 691 10.0% 1.5% 6.582 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes skill not used 35.6% 1.7% 20.773 0 17.1% 3.1% 5.547 0 low 28.6% 1.5% 19.28 0 17.7% 3.1% 5.764 0 medium 23.4% 1.4% 17.112 0 33.1% 4.1% 8.009 0 high 12.4% 1.1% 11.465 0 32.2% 3.9% 8.227 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 84.2% 1.1% 77.883 0 38.6% 3.5% 11.177 0 low 6.7% 0.7% 9.169 0 19.1% 3.1% 6.237 0 medium 2.6% 0.5% 5.5 0 10.9% 2.3% 4.753 0 high 6.6% 0.8% 8.594 0 31.4% 3.3% 9.442 0 Total 100.1% 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 95.0% 0.7% 132.915 0 68.8% 3.8% 18.222 0 low 0.8% 0.3% 2.649 0.008 5.4% 1.7% 3.095 0.002 medium 0.5% 0.2% 2.491 0.013 2.5% 1.0% 2.464 0.014 high 3.7% 0.6% 5.688 0 23.3% 3.6% 6.548 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical a programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 95.7% 0.7% 138.097 0 69.7% 3.8% 18.292 0 low 1.3% 0.3% 4.007 0 8.4% 2.2% 3.738 0 medium 2.9% 0.6% 4.922 0 21.9% 3.1% 6.986 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 76.9% 1.3% 58.686 0 58.1% 4.2% 13.843 0 no 23.1% 1.3% 17.589 0 41.9% 4.2% 10 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- worke skill not used 14.5% 1.2% 11.882 0 10.8% 2.9% 3.716 0 low 36.5% 1.6% 23.244 0 26.5% 3.4% 7.739 0 medium 26.5% 1.4% 18.683 0 25.7% 3.4% 7.522 0 high 22.4% 1.3% 16.638 0 37.0% 3.7% 9.928 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 4.8% 0.6% 8.013 0 7.5% 2.4% 3.085 0.002 low 32.1% 1.4% 22.692 0 38.9% 3.9% 9.89 0 medium 26.6% 1.2% 22.581 0 29.5% 3.9% 7.646 0 high 36.6% 1.4% 25.508 0 24.1% 3.5% 6.947 0 Total 100.1% 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.486items) 0.024 104.91 - 2.645 0.049 54.297 - different0.022 Conscientiousness (average of 33.115 items) 143.34 - 3.371 0.037 90.955 - Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.021 139.56 2.997 - 3.261 0.037 87.196 - Emotional Stability (average of 3 different 2.691 items) 118.16 0.023 - 2.768 0.038 73.152 - 2.970 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.027 111.20 - 3.152 0.037 84.509 - Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.784 0.023 123.33 - 2.868 0.039 73.534 - 2.925 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.026 114.35 - 3.242 0.037 88.002 - Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items)0.028 83.454 2.327 - 2.058 0.056 36.821 - (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 61.0% 0.013 46.919 0 1,894 10.7% 0.009 12.488 Yes 17.4% 0.01 16.804 0 454 5.7% 0.007 8.574 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cas company, an NGO or any other individual? Employed 76.3% 0.013 57.864 0 1,780 12.7% 0.01 12.143 Unemployed 4.8% 0.006 7.711 0 114 1.5% 0.005 2.769 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, hous job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I d Inactive not in education 35.6% 0.025 14.079 0 258 6.4% 0.02 3.187 Inactive and in education 34.6% 0.028 12.185 0 196 16.7% 0.021 7.889 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 20.3% 0.011 18.377 0 398 1.9% 0.004 4.661 Self-employed 34.9% 0.016 21.632 0 790 1.9% 0.004 4.591 Wage worker 21.6% 0.015 14.461 0 501 9.0% 0.009 9.744 Unpaid family worker/other 5.0% 0.007 7.144 0 93 0.9% 0.004 2.45 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 0.0% ####### 41.7% 3.5% 11.798 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 149 39.9% 3.9% 10.188 Low skilled white collar 87.7% 1.5% 60.139 0 935 10.4% 1.5% 7.137 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 90.5% 1.8% machine 50.307 operator and0assemblers 495 7.9% 1.7% 4.67 Elementary occupations 84.0% 4.2% 19.821 0 149 14.2% 4.1% 3.436 Skilled agriculture work 96.9% 2.0% 47.792 0 177 2.9% 2.0% 1.463 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 66.5% 2.4% 27.997 0 594 24.7% 2.0% 12.126 Yes 89.1% 2.0% 44.919 0 398 8.2% 1.8% 4.689 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 94.7% 1.0% 93.009 0 1,043 4.6% 1.0% 4.65 2-5 80.0% 4.5% 17.889 0 125 13.9% 3.8% 3.656 6-15 64.5% 11.4% 5.651 0 13 27.6% 11.6% 2.372 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 94.8% 1.7% 54.551 0 262 4.5% 1.7% 2.675 Somewhat useful 88.5% 2.0% 44.674 0 409 9.4% 1.8% 5.071 Moderately useful 89.8% 2.5% 36.205 0 277 8.8% 2.4% 3.629 Very useful 66.2% 2.2% 29.801 0 711 25.0% 2.1% 11.739 100.0% Respondent without formal schooling 0.0% ####### 0 244 0.0% 0.0% . Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 78.0% 2.0% 38.618 0 838 16.1% 1.7% 9.308 Over or underqualified for job 84.4% 1.5% 55.024 0 1,050 12.5% 1.5% 8.396 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 30.3% Through public employment agency 8.3% 3.647 0 17 48.0% 9.4% 5.092 55.9% Through private employment agency 17.8% 3.147 0.002 11 30.1% 18.3% 1.642 office 17.8% Through university/school career22.6% 1.27 0.204 2 36.6% 20.2% 1.811 81.7% 2.6% 30.874 Through social network (Friends/relative/other) 0 447 13.9% 2.5% 5.54 Through media/internet 52.7% 15.9% 3.308 0.001 12 31.6% 15.9% 1.988 Employer contacted you 63.6% 6.7% 9.505 0 61 26.2% 6.8% 3.85 Contacted employer directly 66.0% 4.6% 14.251 0 138 26.3% 4.7% 5.654 Started own business 92.2% 1.2% 78.159 0 920 6.5% 1.1% 5.853 79.3% with Job obtained after training/apprenticeship employer 3.5% 22.474 0 156 14.4% 3.0% 4.734 Other 62.5% 13.0% 4.815 0 15 30.6% 14.3% 2.136 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.1% 0.1% 0.992 0.321 8.4% 0.9% 9.564 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 46.0% 4.2% 10.841 0 Low skilled white collar 48.2% 1.8% 26.876 0 32.7% 3.9% 8.423 0 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 24.4% 1.4% machine 17.544 operator and0assemblers 12.3% 2.7% 4.594 0 Elementary occupations 7.0% 0.8% 9.237 0 6.8% 2.1% 3.228 0.001 Skilled agriculture work 11.9% 1.7% 6.836 0 2.1% 1.4% 1.459 0.145 Total 99.9% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 56.8% 2.2% 25.82 0 84.1% 3.1% 27.383 0 Yes 43.2% 2.2% 19.669 0 15.9% 3.1% 5.172 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 88.6% 1.2% 76.485 0 58.4% 6.4% 9.18 0 2-5 9.6% 1.1% 8.785 0 26.6% 6.5% 4.093 0 6-max 1.8% 0.5% 3.848 0 15.0% 4.9% 3.044 0.003 Total 100.0% 100.0% Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 14.3% 1.1% 13.138 0 3.9% 1.4% 2.7 0.007 Somewhat useful 21.3% 1.3% 16.955 0 12.9% 2.5% 5.208 0 Moderately useful 14.6% 1.1% 13.415 0 8.3% 2.3% 3.547 0 Very useful 34.5% 1.6% 21.751 0 74.9% 3.6% 20.889 0 15.2% Respondent without formal schooling 1.8% 8.665 0 0.0% 0.0% . . Total 99.9% 100.0% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 44.1% 1.8% 25.044 0 52.3% 4.3% 12.258 0 Over or underqualified for job 55.9% 1.8% 31.714 0 47.7% 4.3% 11.186 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Through public employment agency 0.9% 0.3% 3.142 0.002 8.8% 2.7% 3.199 0.001 Through private employment agency0.5% 0.2% 2.785 0.005 1.6% 1.2% 1.342 0.18 0.1% Through university/school career office 0.1% 1.146 0.252 0.7% 0.4% 1.622 0.105 25.1% 1.8% 14.256 Through social network (Friends/relative/other) 0 25.7% 4.1% 6.242 0 Through media/internet 0.9% 0.4% 2.287 0.022 3.1% 1.8% 1.748 0.08 Employer contacted you 3.0% 0.4% 7.141 0 7.5% 2.2% 3.419 0.001 Contacted employer directly 7.7% 0.9% 8.964 0 18.5% 3.6% 5.196 0 Started own business 52.7% 1.9% 27.904 0 22.2% 3.4% 6.605 0 8.1% with Job obtained after training/apprenticeship employer 0.8% 10.355 0 8.8% 1.9% 4.594 0 Other 1.1% 0.3% 3.04 0.002 3.1% 1.6% 1.889 0.059 Total 100.1% 100.0% All adults (ages 15-64) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 105 2.40% 0.80% 3.109 0.002 14 0.10% 0.20% 0.817 0.414 0 372 6.30% 1.00% 6.444 0 100 0.60% 0.40% 1.71 0.087 0 382 4.90% 0.80% 6.418 0 90 0.50% 0.20% 1.945 0.052 0 90 8.50% 2.20% 3.899 0 24 0.60% 1.00% 0.592 0.554 0.102 7 0.20% 0.90% 0.214 0.831 0 0.00% 0.00% . . vel that you started? 0 460 6.70% 1.00% 6.706 0 112 0.60% 0.30% 1.742 0.082 0.012 18 0.50% 0.40% 1.17 0.242 2 0.10% 0.10% 0.475 0.635 elated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 0 409 4.00% 0.70% 5.758 0 83 0.30% 0.20% 1.458 0.145 0 69 15.40% 4.20% 3.656 0 31 2.50% 2.10% 1.181 0.238 setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 420 5.90% 0.90% 6.384 0 110 0.60% 0.30% 1.746 0.081 0 58 1.30% 0.70% 2 0.045 4 0.00% 0.10% 0.318 0.751 eld and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 0 441 4.70% 0.70% 6.632 0 102 0.40% 0.20% 1.837 0.066 0 38 5.50% 2.40% 2.31 0.021 12 0.50% 1.10% 0.496 0.62 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 17.90% 5.10% 3.524 0 10.10% 11.00% 0.915 0.36 82.10% 5.10% 16.187 0 89.90% 11.00% 8.187 0 100% 100% 77.00% 5.10% 15.118 0 86.90% 19.20% 4.527 0 23.00% 5.10% 4.536 0 13.10% 19.20% 0.68 0.496 0.00% 0.20% 0.217 0.828 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% vel that you started? 97.80% 2.00% 49.397 0 97.40% 5.40% 17.986 0 2.20% 2.00% 1.097 0.273 2.60% 5.40% 0.485 0.628 100% 100% elated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 78.30% 5.90% 13.306 0 60.30% 22.60% 2.671 0.008 21.70% 5.90% 3.686 0 39.70% 22.60% 1.757 0.079 100% 100% setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 93.20% 3.40% 27.393 0 98.70% 4.30% 23.035 0 6.80% 3.40% 1.995 0.046 1.30% 4.30% 0.309 0.758 100% 100% eld and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 92.90% 3.20% 29.305 0 94.50% 10.20% 9.276 0 7.10% 3.20% 2.244 0.025 5.50% 10.20% 0.541 0.588 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 310 7.40% 1.30% 5.739 0 75 0.60% 0.40% 1.525 0.127 0 169 2.90% 0.70% 4.432 0 39 0.30% 0.30% 1.231 0.218 0 180 6.00% 1.40% 4.28 0 41 0.70% 0.60% 1.315 0.188 0 180 5.00% 1.00% 5.004 0 42 0.30% 0.20% 1.248 0.212 0 57 3.20% 1.10% 3.019 0.003 14 0.20% 0.20% 0.987 0.323 0.002 22 4.40% 1.80% 2.462 0.014 11 0.30% 0.60% 0.566 0.571 0 40 3.60% 1.60% 2.176 0.03 6 0.30% 0.40% 0.791 0.429 0 63 3.70% 1.70% 2.12 0.034 9 0.30% 0.40% 0.716 0.474 0 223 8.60% 1.40% 6.363 0 60 1.00% 0.60% 1.54 0.124 0 34 16.90% 5.60% 3.012 0.003 22 1.30% 1.50% 0.894 0.371 0 21 3.40% 2.80% 1.201 0.23 2 0.20% 0.60% 0.318 0.75 0 234 5.80% 1.20% 5.001 0 54 0.70% 0.40% 1.634 0.102 0 88 12.60% 2.70% 4.623 0 40 1.00% 0.90% 1.074 0.283 ople, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0 67 2.60% 0.90% 2.892 0.004 14 0.20% 0.20% 0.969 0.333 0 306 5.30% 0.90% 5.673 0 64 0.30% 0.30% 1.138 0.255 0 104 5.90% 1.40% 4.081 0 36 1.10% 0.80% 1.336 0.181 worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; a re/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 0 282 5.60% 1.10% 5.343 0 80 0.60% 0.40% 1.408 0.159 0 122 3.80% 1.00% 3.672 0 23 0.20% 0.20% 0.8 0.424 0 73 3.80% 1.40% 2.75 0.006 11 0.30% 0.20% 1.15 0.25 disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 441 4.9% 0.8% 6.388 0 109 0.4% 0.3% 1.639 0.101 0 37 3.5% 1.6% 2.101 0.036 5 0.3% 0.4% 0.868 0.386 0 72 0.80% 0.40% 1.812 0.07 2 0.00% 0.00% 0.402 0.688 0 133 3.60% 0.90% 3.943 0 28 0.20% 0.10% 1.187 0.235 0 274 10.00% 1.60% 6.424 0 84 1.10% 0.70% 1.56 0.119 scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.015 19 1.1% 1.1% 1.02 0.308 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.007 12 0.6% 1.4% 0.461 0.645 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 26 2.3% 1.7% 1.319 0.187 4 0.1% 0.3% 0.218 0.828 0 54 5.4% 1.9% 2.788 0.005 14 0.7% 0.6% 1.056 0.291 0 112 4.2% 1.1% 3.694 0 20 0.1% 0.2% 0.76 0.447 0 63 5.0% 1.6% 3.207 0.001 14 0.5% 0.5% 0.953 0.34 0 61 6.0% 2.4% 2.472 0.013 14 0.7% 0.6% 1.153 0.249 0 71 7.5% 2.0% 3.776 0 20 0.6% 0.7% 0.809 0.418 0.008 17 16.3% 6.5% 2.526 0.012 12 3.5% 3.9% 0.896 0.37 0 42 4.0% 1.7% 2.383 0.017 15 0.1% 0.2% 0.683 0.495 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 64.80% 6.10% 10.633 0 57.80% 21.80% 2.653 0.008 35.20% 6.10% 5.785 0 42.20% 21.80% 1.939 0.052 100.0% 100.0% 39.90% 6.60% 6.062 0 55.10% 21.00% 2.621 0.009 29.60% 5.20% 5.668 0 19.10% 14.30% 1.333 0.182 13.00% 4.10% 3.159 0.002 12.10% 13.30% 0.913 0.361 10.20% 3.90% 2.648 0.008 6.80% 10.50% 0.652 0.514 7.20% 3.30% 2.2 0.028 6.90% 7.90% 0.874 0.382 99.9% 100.0% 11.70% 4.90% 2.367 0.018 8.60% 8.70% 0.987 0.324 71.10% 6.80% 10.377 0 77.80% 18.10% 4.306 0 17.20% 5.00% 3.453 0.001 13.60% 15.90% 0.857 0.391 100% 100% 5.50% 4.30% 1.258 0.208 2.50% 7.90% 0.313 0.754 59.70% 7.20% 8.308 0 71.30% 21.10% 3.385 0.001 34.90% 6.60% 5.303 0 26.20% 20.30% 1.287 0.198 100.1% 100.0% ople, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 12.30% 4.20% 2.937 0.003 8.60% 8.70% 0.986 0.324 61.90% 6.00% 10.409 0 37.00% 23.10% 1.603 0.109 25.80% 5.10% 5.017 0 54.50% 24.50% 2.223 0.026 100.0% 100.1% worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a mployment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or 64.00% 6.50% 9.885 0 76.00% 20.00% 3.796 0 22.40% 5.00% 4.482 0 13.10% 16.00% 0.818 0.413 13.60% 5.20% 2.604 0.009 11.00% 10.30% 1.066 0.286 100% 100% disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 92.8% 3.6% 25.925 0 92.4% 8.4% 11.043 0 7.2% 3.6% 2.005 0.045 7.6% 8.4% 0.912 0.362 100.0% 100.0% 5.50% 3.00% 1.8 0.072 1.50% 3.60% 0.421 0.674 25.20% 5.10% 4.939 0 14.30% 11.60% 1.24 0.215 69.30% 5.80% 11.902 0 84.10% 11.90% 7.094 0 100% 100% scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 2.2% 2.2% 0.98 0.327 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.5% 1.1% 0.462 0.644 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.4% 2.5% 1.358 0.174 1.6% 7.0% 0.229 0.819 12.8% 4.2% 3.071 0.002 16.6% 13.4% 1.234 0.217 18.1% 4.9% 3.679 0 5.4% 6.5% 0.836 0.403 12.2% 3.7% 3.256 0.001 12.3% 11.2% 1.099 0.272 13.4% 4.8% 2.817 0.005 19.5% 17.9% 1.086 0.277 16.0% 4.3% 3.695 0 13.4% 13.7% 0.976 0.329 11.7% 4.5% 2.636 0.008 27.0% 24.4% 1.104 0.269 9.6% 3.7% 2.582 0.01 4.3% 7.2% 0.601 0.548 99.9% 100.1% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value t is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 32 0.3% 0.3% 1.007 0.314 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 254 5.4% 1.1% 4.753 0 53 0.3% 0.3% 1.181 0.238 0 127 13.0% 3.1% 4.211 0 31 1.2% 1.3% 0.911 0.363 0 61 9.9% 2.8% 3.594 0 28 1.8% 1.6% 1.161 0.246 ave you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, h as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 0 32 4.7% 2.9% 1.608 0.108 6 0.7% 0.7% 0.992 0.321 0 30 0.7% 0.4% 1.549 0.121 4 0.0% 0.1% 0.406 0.685 0 290 5.0% 0.9% 5.558 0 61 0.4% 0.3% 1.141 0.254 0 126 13.3% 2.6% 5.127 0 43 1.4% 0.9% 1.557 0.12 past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0.005 16 0.1% 0.2% 0.735 0.462 1 0.0% 0.0% 0.317 0.751 0 139 2.4% 0.9% 2.811 0.005 13 0.1% 0.1% 0.741 0.459 0 135 8.6% 2.2% 3.934 0 28 0.6% 0.7% 0.837 0.403 0 186 12.8% 2.2% 5.818 0 70 1.5% 1.0% 1.537 0.124 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value t is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 2.5% 2.6% 0.954 0.34 0.0% 0.0% . . 52.8% 6.5% 8.104 0 33.4% 21.0% 1.587 0.112 27.6% 6.1% 4.532 0 27.0% 17.9% 1.513 0.13 17.1% 4.4% 3.897 0 39.6% 24.3% 1.628 0.104 100.0% 100.0% ave you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., r multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 5.3% 3.2% 1.686 0.092 11.1% 13.6% 0.819 0.413 3.8% 2.3% 1.668 0.095 1.7% 4.2% 0.402 0.688 57.7% 6.2% 9.353 0 46.3% 26.6% 1.737 0.082 33.2% 5.6% 5.957 0 40.9% 20.7% 1.974 0.048 100.0% 100.0% past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0.8% 1.1% 0.747 0.455 1.2% 3.8% 0.307 0.759 16.2% 5.1% 3.181 0.001 6.4% 8.0% 0.803 0.422 29.3% 6.2% 4.759 0 19.0% 19.6% 0.971 0.332 53.6% 5.8% 9.178 0 73.4% 22.9% 3.209 0.001 99.9% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.699 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 419 10.6% 1.6% 6.805 0 106 0.9% 0.6% 1.57 0.116 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value ay or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, h 0 53 1.4% 0.8% 1.692 0.091 5 0.1% 0.1% 0.402 0.688 0 56 1.7% 0.7% 2.43 0.015 6 0.0% 0.1% 0.274 0.784 0 115 5.7% 1.6% 3.601 0 23 0.2% 0.2% 0.876 0.381 0 115 11.3% 2.3% 4.917 0 40 1.1% 0.7% 1.612 0.107 0 171 1.5% 0.5% 3.139 0.002 13 0.0% 0.0% 0.474 0.636 0 85 8.0% 2.3% 3.457 0.001 20 0.3% 0.6% 0.585 0.558 0 55 15.8% 5.3% 2.959 0.003 18 3.0% 2.7% 1.093 0.274 0 166 17.6% 3.1% 5.675 0 63 2.0% 1.4% 1.431 0.153 0 222 2.6% 0.6% 4.174 0 39 0.1% 0.1% 0.826 0.409 0 27 9.1% 7.0% 1.299 0.194 2 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.003 10 14.7% 7.5% 1.965 0.049 4 2.3% 3.6% 0.656 0.512 0 84 18.7% 3.8% 4.931 0 29 2.2% 1.6% 1.383 0.167 ros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designin e; software programming; managing computer networks? 0 222 2.7% 0.6% 4.173 0 39 0.1% 0.1% 0.826 0.409 0 35 16.3% 8.7% 1.874 0.061 8 0.8% 1.4% 0.555 0.579 0 84 18.7% 3.9% 4.763 0 26 2.5% 2.0% 1.26 0.208 0 197 3.0% 0.7% 4.415 0 39 0.1% 0.1% 1.04 0.299 0 146 7.3% 1.7% 4.365 0 35 0.6% 0.5% 1.262 0.207 r example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the 0 31 0.7% 0.6% 1.14 0.254 3 0.1% 0.2% 0.451 0.652 0 81 3.0% 1.0% 2.926 0.003 13 0.2% 0.2% 1.047 0.295 0 95 3.4% 1.0% 3.339 0.001 17 0.5% 0.5% 1.028 0.304 0 136 8.2% 1.6% 4.947 0 41 0.3% 0.3% 0.878 0.38 ull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0.002 26 4.3% 2.5% 1.682 0.093 6 0.7% 0.9% 0.804 0.421 0 129 4.9% 1.2% 4.11 0 32 0.4% 0.3% 1.434 0.152 0 105 4.6% 1.3% 3.485 0 17 0.2% 0.2% 0.892 0.373 0 84 3.0% 0.9% 3.222 0.001 19 0.1% 0.2% 0.633 0.527 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ay or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure hat require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 10.1% 5.6% 1.805 0.071 5.8% 13.7% 0.423 0.672 10.5% 3.9% 2.653 0.008 1.9% 6.4% 0.294 0.769 34.6% 8.1% 4.275 0 17.2% 17.6% 0.978 0.328 44.9% 7.0% 6.441 0 75.1% 22.4% 3.356 0.001 100.1% 100.0% 22.6% 5.8% 3.864 0 2.2% 4.1% 0.532 0.594 15.2% 4.1% 3.701 0 6.5% 10.6% 0.617 0.537 15.4% 5.2% 2.968 0.003 33.5% 23.0% 1.458 0.145 46.8% 6.1% 7.672 0 57.8% 22.1% 2.617 0.009 100.0% 100.0% 57.1% 7.9% 7.256 0 20.7% 23.1% 0.897 0.37 3.4% 2.6% 1.303 0.193 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.2% 1.8% 1.803 0.071 11.2% 19.9% 0.563 0.574 36.3% 7.8% 4.652 0 68.2% 22.7% 2.998 0.003 100.0% 100.1% ros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; puter aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 57.6% 7.9% 7.319 0 21.4% 23.7% 0.907 0.365 10.7% 5.7% 1.887 0.059 9.0% 16.7% 0.541 0.588 31.7% 7.2% 4.396 0 69.5% 27.9% 2.491 0.013 100.0% 99.9% 52.6% 8.1% 6.475 0 34.7% 28.1% 1.235 0.217 47.4% 8.1% 5.835 0 65.3% 28.1% 2.328 0.02 100.0% 100.0% 0.281 2.328 0.02 r example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, with people other than co- workers) 2.4% 2.0% 1.206 0.228 5.8% 13.1% 0.443 0.658 25.2% 7.6% 3.307 0.001 29.0% 29.9% 0.971 0.331 21.7% 5.7% 3.814 0 38.5% 28.8% 1.338 0.181 50.8% 7.2% 7.084 0 26.6% 22.7% 1.175 0.24 100.1% 99.9% ull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 5.4% 3.2% 1.69 0.091 13.2% 15.1% 0.879 0.379 39.5% 7.3% 5.392 0 56.0% 28.8% 1.942 0.052 29.9% 7.9% 3.783 0 19.9% 19.8% 1.007 0.314 25.1% 6.7% 3.775 0 10.9% 15.0% 0.726 0.468 99.9% 100.0% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.660 0.092 28.803 - 2.854 0.198 14.429 - 3.396 0.062 54.349 - 3.159 0.254 12.459 - 3.315 0.063 52.535 - 3.239 0.244 13.303 - 2.798 0.074 37.715 - 2.853 0.138 20.703 - 3.302 0.059 56.280 - 3.228 0.204 15.801 - 2.864 0.061 46.631 - 2.742 0.207 13.241 - 3.313 0.062 53.023 - 3.213 0.189 16.967 - 1.952 0.066 29.419 - 1.868 0.245 7.611 - Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value find a salaried or wage job? 0 342 3.3% 0.006 5.91 0 73 0.2% 0.002 1.341 0.18 0 136 1.4% 0.003 4.25 0 41 0.2% 0.002 1.238 0.216 an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterpris 0 308 3.9% 0.006 5.972 0 67 0.3% 0.002 1.524 0.127 0.006 34 0.6% 0.003 2.157 0.031 6 0.0% 0.001 0.408 0.683 the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have fou aiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 0.001 34 1.3% 0.006 2.026 0.043 10 0.0% 0.001 0.62 0.536 0 102 4.5% 0.013 3.601 0 31 0.8% 0.007 1.204 0.228 0 47 0.6% 0.002 2.648 0.008 6 0.1% 0.001 0.777 0.437 0 44 0.3% 0.002 1.491 0.136 3 0.0% 0 0.318 0.751 0 207 3.2% 0.006 5.64 0 56 0.2% 0.001 1.45 0.147 0.014 11 0.1% 0.001 1.083 0.279 2 0.0% 0. . Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 152 17.1% 3.0% 5.649 0 54 1.3% 0.9% 1.437 0.151 0 116 1.9% 0.7% 2.57 0.01 16 0.1% 0.2% 0.63 0.529 0 53 1.6% 0.8% 1.915 0.055 3 0.0% 0.1% 0.218 0.827 0.001 18 1.8% 2.0% 0.926 0.354 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.144 4 0.2% 0.8% 0.218 0.827 0 0.0% 0.0% . . n you set it up or took it over? 0 218 8.3% 1.4% 5.729 0 58 0.5% 0.4% 1.448 0.148 0 47 2.4% 0.9% 2.625 0.009 6 0.2% 0.3% 0.777 0.437 0 54 0.7% 0.4% 1.68 0.093 4 0.0% 0.1% 0.318 0.751 0 26 5.7% 2.5% 2.329 0.02 5 0.4% 0.9% 0.418 0.676 0.018 5 6.1% 5.9% 1.032 0.302 0 1.8% 2.5% 0.716 0.474 0.007 14 0.7% 0.5% 1.357 0.175 3 0.0% 0.1% 0.218 0.828 0 43 1.9% 1.0% 1.844 0.065 6 0.3% 0.3% 0.803 0.422 0 26 1.2% 1.0% 1.138 0.255 2 0.2% 0.2% 0.892 0.372 0 260 8.3% 1.4% 5.986 0 63 0.4% 0.3% 1.293 0.196 . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . ould be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0 181 5.5% 1.0% 5.638 0 47 0.4% 0.3% 1.594 0.111 0 161 3.0% 0.9% 3.297 0.001 27 0.1% 0.1% 0.663 0.507 0 30 20.5% 8.8% 2.339 0.019 8 1.2% 1.9% 0.615 0.539 0.1 5 14.0% 17.7% 0.789 0.43 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.07 3 30.2% 20.0% 1.508 0.132 2 10.7% 17.7% 0.602 0.547 0 80 4.2% 1.5% 2.731 0.006 17 0.1% 0.2% 0.471 0.638 0.047 6 14.4% 8.6% 1.671 0.095 5 1.2% 3.0% 0.413 0.679 0 20 9.4% 4.9% 1.931 0.053 4 0.8% 0.9% 0.913 0.361 0 53 7.1% 2.5% 2.819 0.005 11 0.7% 0.6% 1.059 0.29 0 76 1.2% 0.5% 2.317 0.021 5 0.1% 0.1% 0.789 0.43 0 30 5.8% 2.5% 2.287 0.022 12 0.6% 0.8% 0.691 0.49 0.033 5 7.0% 7.0% 0.995 0.32 2 0.0% 0.0% . . Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 68.1% 8.6% 7.93 0 84.5% 22.1% 3.82 0 20.2% 6.9% 2.92 0.004 14.1% 20.9% 0.674 0.5 8.3% 4.3% 1.953 0.051 1.5% 6.4% 0.228 0.82 3.0% 3.1% 0.957 0.338 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.4% 1.6% 0.221 0.825 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.1% n you set it up or took it over? 85.6% 4.9% 17.311 0 81.8% 21.1% 3.878 0 14.4% 4.9% 2.913 0.004 18.2% 21.1% 0.862 0.389 100.0% 100.0% 41.0% 14.3% 2.863 0.005 0.0% 0.0% . . 54.3% 14.6% 3.719 0 61.2% 33.7% 1.817 0.071 4.7% 4.7% 1 0.318 38.8% 33.7% 1.153 0.25 100.0% 100.0% 2.0% 1.5% 1.384 0.166 0.5% 2.3% 0.217 0.828 8.8% 4.6% 1.917 0.055 17.4% 19.5% 0.89 0.373 3.6% 3.0% 1.227 0.22 17.3% 24.6% 0.705 0.481 85.5% 6.2% 13.863 0 64.8% 25.5% 2.536 0.011 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 99.9% 100.0% ould be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 61.3% 8.1% 7.522 0 84.8% 19.1% 4.437 0 38.7% 8.1% 4.754 0 15.2% 19.1% 0.797 0.425 100.0% 100.0% 12.2% 5.3% 2.304 0.021 7.8% 11.2% 0.696 0.486 2.4% 3.5% 0.69 0.49 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.9% 1.5% 1.279 0.201 7.4% 12.4% 0.594 0.552 25.4% 7.9% 3.203 0.001 9.3% 18.5% 0.503 0.615 4.7% 2.7% 1.733 0.083 5.2% 11.7% 0.446 0.655 9.0% 4.9% 1.828 0.068 18.2% 24.5% 0.741 0.459 16.6% 6.0% 2.743 0.006 26.4% 22.4% 1.181 0.238 13.8% 4.9% 2.798 0.005 11.7% 14.7% 0.799 0.424 11.7% 4.9% 2.392 0.017 14.0% 17.8% 0.783 2.3% 2.4% 0.978 0.328 0.0% 0.0% . 100.0% 100.0% (1) Skills Acquisition History /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo 1 100% 1,039 No 85.8% 3.8% 22.839 0 145 10 100% 1,879 Yes 66.2% 2.7% 24.8 0 498 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade 10 100% 2,271 Public 69.6% 2.6% 26.369 0 502 1 100% 372 Private 64.5% 5.3% 12.098 0 106 0 100% 20 Other 53.2% 31.9% 1.669 0.095 4 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational 11 100% 2,046 No 64.0% 2.9% 22.445 0 473 0 100% 618 Yes 96.5% 2.0% 47.135 0 141 Participation in training tional system)? Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor 8 100% 2,749 No 70.4% 2.5% 28.177 0 624 3 100% 204 Yes 58.3% 9.2% 6.347 0 27 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo 11 100% 2,120 No 67.3% 2.7% 25.375 0 550 0 100% 833 Yes 93.5% 2.9% 32.345 0 101 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula 10 100% 2,743 No 70.2% 2.5% 28.376 0 640 1 100% 214 Yes 47.6% 12.1% 3.927 0 12 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo No 20.5% 2.3% 8.81 0 8.4% Yes 79.5% 2.3% 34.143 0 91.6% Total 100% 100% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade Public 80.7% 2.2% 37.152 0 77.8% Private 18.5% 2.2% 8.492 0 20.2% Other 0.8% 0.6% 1.302 0.193 1.9% Total 100% 100% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational No 79.6% 2.0% 39.373 0 97.9% Yes 20.4% 2.0% 10.09 0 2.1% Total 100% 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor of the formal educational system)? No 95.5% 1.1% 87.185 0 93.2% Yes 4.5% 1.1% 4.152 0 6.8% Total 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo No 87.3% 1.4% 62.46 0 97.4% Yes 12.7% 1.4% 9.096 0 2.6% Total 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula No 98.8% 0.4% 231.001 0 97.4% Yes 1.2% 0.4% 2.897 0.004 2.6% Total 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Gender 7 100% 1,266 Male 61.5% 3.9% 15.66 0 248 4 100% 1,691 Female 76.3% 2.8% 26.957 0 404 Age 5 100% 801 15-24 69.6% 2.6% 26.51 0 575 2 100% 1,016 25- 71.9% 5.8% 12.337 0 77 1 100% 597 1 100% 294 2 100% 249 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 1 100% 345 Primary or Less 77.0% 5.6% 13.854 0 113 6 100% 866 Secondary 60.3% 3.6% 16.722 0 219 1 100% 106 Tertiary 38.1% 10.9% 3.486 0 16 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 0 100% 168 Primary or Less 73.9% 7.8% 9.467 0 47 7 100% 1,175 Secondary 67.1% 3.6% 18.894 0 291 2 100% 320 Tertiary 50.5% 6.2% 8.099 0 67 Socioeconomic status at age 15 hen you were 15 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p 1 100% 680 Low SES 80.4% 4.2% 19.05 0 146 6 100% 1,628 Middle SES 68.4% 3.2% 21.472 0 362 4 100% 622 High SES 64.8% 4.5% 14.248 0 136 Household shocks before age 15 ly breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops 8 100% 1,593 No shocks 66.7% 3.5% 18.852 0 324 1 100% 822 One shock 73.4% 3.4% 21.752 0 187 2 100% 527 Two or more shocks 73.0% 4.2% 17.272 0 136 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear 9 100% 2,691 No 69.6% 2.4% 28.543 0 624 2 100% 261 Yes 74.9% 10.4% 7.173 0 26 Household Asset Index 1 100% 953 Low 82.2% 3.2% 25.5 0 259 2 100% 1,035 Medium 72.1% 4.1% 17.531 0 236 8 100% 969 High 54.5% 4.5% 12.147 0 157 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 0 100% 268 1 84.0% 7.1% 11.828 0 63 0 100% 137 2 73.8% 10.4% 7.098 0 22 0 100% 231 3 68.9% 7.7% 8.91 0 46 3 100% 350 4 68.6% 7.3% 9.445 0 71 1 100% 594 5 71.0% 5.4% 13.255 0 122 1 100% 355 6 66.6% 6.5% 10.272 0 76 3 100% 294 7 66.6% 6.9% 9.637 0 66 1 100% 294 8 64.0% 6.5% 9.848 0 67 2 100% 103 9 48.4% 11.2% 4.34 0 21 0 100% 324 10 76.7% 6.0% 12.826 0 95 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Gender Male 38.9% 2.7% 14.186 0 57.1% Female 61.1% 2.7% 22.266 0 42.9% Total 100.0% 100.0% Age Socioeconomic status at age 15 15-24 90.6% 1.3% 70.943 0 92.7% 25-34 9.4% 1.3% 7.361 0 7.3% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 30.0% 3.3% 9.151 0 17.8% Secondary 65.2% 3.3% 19.616 0 71.0% Tertiary 4.7% 1.6% 3.033 0.002 11.2% Total 100% 100% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 12.8% 2.2% 5.704 0 8.1% Secondary 72.5% 2.8% 25.864 0 66.9% Tertiary 14.6% 2.2% 6.708 0 25.0% Total 99.9% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 19.9% 1.9% 10.483 0 12.3% Middle SES 57.6% 2.5% 23.083 0 62.2% High SES 22.5% 2.2% 10.334 0 25.5% Total 100.0% 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 52.5% 2.6% 19.913 0 58.2% One shock 30.7% 2.4% 12.601 0 27.4% Two or more shocks 16.9% 1.9% 9.08 0 14.5% Total 100% 100% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear No 96.2% 1.2% 78.798 0 96.7% Yes 3.8% 1.2% 3.091 0.002 3.3% 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 40.0% 3.1% 12.934 0 24.0% Medium 34.2% 2.6% 13.239 0 29.0% High 25.7% 2.7% 9.414 0 47.0% Total 100% 100% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 1 9.5% 1.5% 6.359 0 4.9% 2 2.9% 0.7% 4.012 0 2.9% 3 5.7% 1.0% 5.488 0 6.1% 4 10.6% 1.6% 6.718 0 10.2% 5 20.0% 2.1% 9.329 0 20.4% 6 10.7% 1.7% 6.203 0 13.3% 7 10.6% 1.6% 6.82 0 12.4% 8 10.0% 1.5% 6.623 0 12.9% 9 3.3% 0.8% 3.921 0 4.5% 10 16.8% 2.6% 6.507 0 12.4% Total 100.1% 100.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w 0 100% 1,033 skill not used 95.3% 2.0% 48.198 0 191 3 100% 1,381 low 66.3% 3.6% 18.596 0 312 3 100% 316 medium 55.2% 5.6% 9.825 0 72 3 100% 205 high 64.1% 6.9% 9.346 0 69 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) costs, use or calculate fractions, Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math s 2 100% 163 skill not used 62.4% 9.4% 6.627 0 30 0 100% 869 low 94.0% 2.4% 38.945 0 154 3 100% 1,619 medium 72.1% 2.8% 25.357 0 374 6 100% 299 high 51.6% 5.9% 8.725 0 92 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th 0 100% 935 skill not used 96.7% 1.7% 56.138 0 164 1 100% 985 low 78.7% 3.5% 22.186 0 211 2 100% 454 medium 59.6% 5.3% 11.281 0 116 7 100% 554 high 55.0% 4.4% 12.425 0 145 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w skill not used 26.8% 2.4% 11.111 0 3.5% low 48.0% 3.0% 15.74 0 58.4% medium 11.8% 1.6% 7.21 0 21.3% high 13.5% 2.3% 5.741 0 16.8% Total 100.1% 100.0% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any ot trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 4.8% 1.2% 3.959 0 5.8% low 20.0% 1.9% 10.397 0 3.0% medium 57.0% 3.0% 19.192 0 52.0% high 18.3% 2.5% 7.212 0 39.2% Total 100.1% 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th skill not used 24.2% 2.6% 9.326 0 2.1% low 31.4% 2.7% 11.832 0 21.8% medium 18.6% 2.2% 8.605 0 30.0% high 25.8% 2.6% 10.058 0 46.1% Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 0 100% 1,274 No 76.0% 13.9% 5.476 0 284 10 100% 1,166 Yes 15.9% 2.1% 7.723 0 297 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 16.5% 5.3% 3.092 0.002 1.5% Yes 83.5% 5.3% 15.615 0 98.5% Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) ld be done. As part of this work, how Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 0 100% 714 skill not used 83.9% 4.2% 19.998 0 144 0 100% 566 low 80.2% 4.6% 17.414 0 104 2 100% 593 medium 68.4% 6.1% 11.183 0 88 4 100% 410 high 48.2% 8.3% 5.829 0 35 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months 1 100% 2,184 skill not used 85.8% 2.3% 37.867 0 463 0 100% 247 low 55.3% 5.6% 9.823 0 86 3 100% 137 medium 47.4% 7.6% 6.248 0 36 7 100% 378 high 45.8% 6.7% 6.866 0 64 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 1 100% 2,067 skill not used 76.9% 3.0% 25.929 0 348 0 100% 44 low 49.2% 23.4% 2.099 0.036 5 1 100% 28 medium 44.0% 28.0% 1.57 0.116 4 4 100% 187 high 49.3% 10.7% 4.601 0 18 Type of software use at work (score) are (such as powerpoint); designing Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis softw 1 100% 2,066 skill not used 76.9% 3.0% 25.929 0 348 0 100% 76 low 35.1% 14.2% 2.482 0.013 9 5 100% 167 medium 51.3% 12.5% 4.089 0 13 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers ( 2 100% 1,695 yes 75.5% 3.0% 25.468 0 320 4 100% 631 no 63.1% 8.0% 7.91 0 55 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) ment and 10 means much of the work Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 0 100% 303 skill not used 82.8% 6.2% 13.419 0 74 1 100% 794 low 77.7% 4.5% 17.228 0 147 4 100% 631 medium 71.7% 5.5% 12.915 0 85 1 100% 598 high 63.1% 6.3% 10.094 0 69 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or 1 100% 129 skill not used 73.5% 11.9% 6.198 0 26 2 100% 750 low 74.4% 4.5% 16.477 0 129 3 100% 654 medium 69.9% 4.8% 14.684 0 111 0 100% 794 high 77.8% 5.2% 14.853 0 109 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake task Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months skill not used 67.9% 2.4% 28.037 0 28.5% low 14.5% 1.8% 7.916 0 28.6% medium 5.9% 1.3% 4.584 0 13.9% high 11.7% 2.1% 5.677 0 29.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (co programming; managing computer networks? Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers ( Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interactin Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Extraversion (average of 4 different 249.5%items) 3.9% 64.279 0 266.2% 3 different items) Conscientiousness (average of 305.0% 3.5% 87.4 0 331.2% Openness (average of 3 different items) 3.7% 81.838 305.1% 0 326.8% Emotional Stability (average of items) 75.896 3 different 3.5% 264.9% 0 266.1% 299.7%items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 3.9% 77.01 0 312.0% Grit (average of 3 different items) 273.5% 3.1% 89.052 0 281.1% different items) Decision making (average of 4 290.0% 3.6% 79.992 0 319.2% Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items) 4.5% 51.239 232.8% 0 205.8% (6) Labor Market Outcomes /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way 6 75% 2,315 No 34.0% 2.2% 15.616 0 351 5 25% 636 Yes 35.8% 2.3% 15.293 0 299 Employment status mple, a public or private enterprise or Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at lea company, an NGO or any other individual? 6 93% 2,161 Employed 63.3% 3.0% 21.091 0 311 0 7% 154 Unemployed 8.9% 1.9% 4.741 0 40 Educational status of inactive population e, do not want to work, have found a Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, 1 43% 303 Inactive not in education 22.1% 2.3% 9.731 0 109 4 57% 333 Inactive and in education 45.8% 3.5% 13.046 0 190 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 1 22.9% 452 Employer 24.7% 2.7% 9.161 0 25 0 37.1% 837 Self-employed 27.8% 2.5% 11.296 0 105 5 34.0% 769 Wage worker 17.2% 2.5% 6.836 0 126 0 6.0% 106 Unpaid family worker/other 0.1% 0.1% 0.996 0.321 55 /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( 0 100% 1 Military personnel 36.6% 7.7% 4.748 0 28 5 100% 360 77.6% 3.4% 22.577 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 191 1 100% 1,068 Low skilled white collar 81.0% 5.8% 13.954 0 72 0 100% 551 Crafts and related trades workers;80.9% Plant and 7.7% machine operator and0 10.573 52 assemblers 0 100% 168 Elementary occupations 94.1% 5.3% 17.894 0 32 0 100% 181 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w 5 100% 875 No 65.5% 3.7% 17.495 0 181 1 100% 452 Yes 93.9% 5.3% 17.87 0 25 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 0 100% 1,101 myself only 93.8% 2.5% 37.431 0 123 0 100% 156 2-5 71.9% 20.5% 3.501 0 6 0 100% 18 6-15 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 1 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 0 100% 279 Not useful at all 90.8% 4.2% 21.428 0 76 1 100% 459 Somewhat useful 84.5% 4.7% 18.074 0 97 1 100% 306 Moderately useful 80.0% 6.3% 12.789 0 50 4 100% 1,038 Very useful 57.9% 4.7% 12.406 0 127 0 100% 244 100.0% Respondent without formal schooling 0.0% ####### 0 25 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think 5 100% 1,071 Correct qualification for job 67.0% 4.5% 15.015 0 155 0 100% 1,238 Over or underqualified for job 79.6% 3.6% 22.37 0 217 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 1 100% 56 Through public employment agency 74.4% 18.8% 3.955 0 3 0 100% 17 Through private employment agency 57.5% 26.8% 2.146 0.032 4 1 100% 8 0.0% Through university/school career office 0.0% . . 0 0 100% 544 73.9% 5.1% 14.599 Through social network (Friends/relative/other) 0 108 0 100% 23 Through media/internet 57.1% 25.3% 2.255 0.024 3 1 100% 86 Employer contacted you 75.9% 10.5% 7.195 0 25 2 100% 204 Contacted employer directly 54.7% 9.1% 6.008 0 39 1 100% 1,002 Started own business 91.2% 3.1% 29.126 0 90 0 100% 198 85.0% with Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 6.0% employer 14.118 0 29 0 100% 22 Other 57.5% 15.0% 3.836 0 10 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Youth (ages 15-24) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. ycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 11.9% 3.6% 3.281 0.1% 18 2.2% 0.025 0.876 38.1% 1 0.0% 25.8% 2.4% 10.684 0.0% 187 7.2% 0.015 4.674 0.0% 48 0.9% r highest education grade? 23.8% 2.4% 9.954 0.0% 154 5.9% 0.015 4.004 0.0% 37 0.7% 25.0% 4.9% 5.157 0.0% 49 9.5% 0.033 2.888 0.4% 12 1.0% 46.3% 31.7% 1.459 14.4% 3 0.5% 0.022 0.208 83.5% 0 0.0% ng the highest educational level that you started? 27.6% 2.6% 10.764 0.0% 197 7.6% 0.017 4.504 0.0% 49 0.9% 3.5% 2.0% 1.716 8.6% 8 0.1% 0.003 0.218 82.8% 0 0.0% ning courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educationa 22.9% 2.3% 10.152 0.0% 188 6.2% 0.014 4.299 0.0% 47 0.5% 28.8% 8.2% 3.516 0.0% 17 8.1% 0.07 1.162 24.5% 2 4.8% aining for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 25.0% 2.4% 10.534 0.0% 198 6.9% 0.015 4.544 0.0% 49 0.8% 6.3% 2.8% 2.232 2.6% 7 0.2% 0.005 0.366 71.4% 0 0.0% nt certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 23.1% 2.2% 10.448 0.0% 201 6.1% 0.014 4.368 0.0% 46 0.7% 33.8% 12.6% 2.676 0.7% 5 16.5% 0.119 1.387 16.5% 3 2.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 2.6% 3.201 0.1% 5.7% 0.06 0.945 34.5% 0.0% 0. . 2.6% 34.708 0.0% 94.3% 0.06 15.685 0.0% 100.0% 0 8E+15 0 100% 100% r highest education grade? 4.0% 19.352 0.0% 71.1% 0.087 8.129 0.0% 79.2% 0.321 2.469 0.014 4.0% 5.074 0.0% 28.9% 0.087 3.314 0.1% 20.8% 0.321 0.649 0.516 2.0% 0.988 32.3% 0.1% 0.003 0.217 82.8% 0.0% 0. . 100% 100% ng the highest educational level that you started? 1.2% 81.686 0.0% 99.8% 0.007 143.499 0.0% 100.0% 0 8E+15 0 1.2% 1.749 8.0% 0.2% 0.007 0.218 82.7% 0.0% 0. . 100% 100% ning courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 2.2% 42.951 0.0% 92.9% 0.06 15.493 0.0% 66.4% 0.35 1.897 0.058 2.2% 3.114 0.2% 7.1% 0.06 1.184 23.6% 33.6% 0.35 0.96 0.337 100% 100% aining for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 1.2% 82.714 0.0% 99.7% 0.007 134.87 0.0% 100.0% 0 ####### 0 1.2% 2.194 2.8% 0.3% 0.007 0.375 70.8% 0.0% 0. . 100% 100% nt certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 1.3% 74.837 0.0% 95.1% 0.04 23.677 0.0% 95.2% 0.105 9.024 0 1.3% 2.027 4.3% 4.9% 0.04 1.223 22.1% 4.8% 0.105 0.457 0.647 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 30.1% 3.3% 9.244 0.0% 127 7.8% 0.022 3.633 0.0% 28 0.6% 17.9% 2.9% 6.098 0.0% 79 5.0% 0.015 3.38 0.1% 21 0.8% 23.7% 2.3% 10.293 0.0% 180 6.0% 0.014 4.28 0.0% 41 0.7% 18.7% 5.6% 3.319 0.1% 26 8.9% 0.045 1.958 5.0% 8 0.5% 20.3% 5.0% 4.045 0.0% 29 2.5% 0.026 0.938 34.8% 1 0.2% 29.1% 3.2% 9.236 0.0% 110 9.2% 0.021 4.425 0.0% 28 1.4% 40.2% 10.8% 3.735 0.0% 18 21.0% 0.08 2.619 0.9% 13 0.8% 18.8% 7.3% 2.563 1.0% 11 6.8% 0.062 1.094 27.4% 2 0.5% 25.1% 3.2% 7.882 0.0% 105 6.8% 0.016 4.141 0.0% 23 0.9% 35.1% 6.6% 5.289 0.0% 36 12.9% 0.043 2.999 0.3% 19 1.4% T step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when y 16.6% 4.3% 3.85 0.0% 30 2.9% 0.022 1.319 18.7% 4 0.1% 24.8% 3.0% 8.189 0.0% 128 6.5% 0.016 3.988 0.0% 28 0.3% 24.7% 4.1% 6.063 0.0% 47 8.3% 0.029 2.87 0.4% 17 2.2% ancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family br mily business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 24.8% 3.1% 7.992 0.0% 117 7.3% 0.019 3.799 0.0% 32 1.2% 22.0% 3.4% 6.443 0.0% 57 4.5% 0.02 2.24 2.5% 11 0.2% 20.9% 4.2% 4.977 0.0% 31 6.1% 0.029 2.062 3.9% 6 0.0% etes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 23.3% 2.2% 10.472 0.0% 197 6.4% 0.014 4.479 0.0% 49 0.7% 21.7% 10.0% 2.177 2.9% 8 3.4% 0.049 0.696 48.6% 0 0.0% 16.4% 3.4% 4.854 0.0% 43 1.4% 0.01 1.348 17.8% 2 0.0% 20.4% 3.5% 5.748 0.0% 66 7.2% 0.023 3.192 0.1% 18 0.2% 33.2% 4.1% 8.175 0.0% 97 10.3% 0.03 3.405 0.1% 29 1.9% s considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 14.5% 6.8% 2.124 3.4% 9 1.4% 0.025 0.567 57.0% 0 0.0% 24.0% 10.6% 2.273 2.3% 6 2.2% 0.055 0.402 68.7% 0 0.0% 24.7% 7.1% 3.476 0.1% 14 6.1% 0.046 1.342 18.0% 4 0.2% 22.0% 7.6% 2.88 0.4% 21 7.8% 0.038 2.044 4.1% 6 1.6% 24.2% 5.0% 4.815 0.0% 46 4.8% 0.021 2.274 2.3% 8 0.0% 27.5% 6.4% 4.271 0.0% 25 5.7% 0.03 1.898 5.8% 5 0.2% 26.0% 7.0% 3.74 0.0% 22 6.0% 0.032 1.916 5.5% 5 1.4% 27.4% 5.8% 4.741 0.0% 31 7.7% 0.038 2.027 4.3% 7 0.9% 22.3% 11.9% 1.871 6.1% 7 23.8% 0.121 1.967 4.9% 7 5.5% 18.9% 5.9% 3.201 0.1% 24 4.4% 0.022 2.006 4.5% 7 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 5.7% 10.02 0.0% 55.1% 0.09 6.087 0.0% 38.4% 0.281 1.364 0.173 5.7% 7.516 0.0% 44.9% 0.09 4.968 0.0% 61.6% 0.281 2.19 0.029 100.0% 100.0% 2.3% 40.326 0.0% 87.0% 0.068 12.739 0.0% 93.9% 0.143 6.561 0 2.3% 3.182 0.1% 13.0% 0.068 1.902 5.7% 6.1% 0.143 0.424 0.672 4.2% 4.241 0.0% 6.7% 0.067 0.998 31.8% 7.5% 0.113 0.668 0.504 4.9% 14.495 0.0% 74.0% 0.085 8.681 0.0% 85.5% 0.225 3.805 0 3.3% 3.362 0.1% 19.3% 0.07 2.775 0.6% 7.0% 0.176 0.4 0.689 100% 100% 3.3% 2.472 1.3% 9.3% 0.079 1.186 23.6% 3.7% 0.114 0.324 0.746 5.3% 12.645 0.0% 60.3% 0.1 6.052 0.0% 69.5% 0.262 2.651 0.008 4.8% 5.246 0.0% 30.3% 0.085 3.549 0.0% 26.8% 0.243 1.105 0.269 99.9% 100.0% T step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 3.1% 3.931 0.0% 7.7% 0.052 1.474 14.0% 1.9% 0.082 0.232 0.817 5.1% 12.274 0.0% 60.8% 0.094 6.469 0.0% 24.2% 0.223 1.087 0.277 4.2% 6.014 0.0% 31.5% 0.089 3.542 0.0% 73.9% 0.246 3.006 0.003 100.0% 100.0% ancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or r others. 4.5% 12.988 0.0% 63.7% 0.095 6.684 0.0% 93.0% 0.159 5.863 0 4.1% 6.655 0.0% 20.5% 0.073 2.812 0.5% 7.0% 0.159 0.44 0.66 3.1% 4.606 0.0% 15.8% 0.078 2.033 4.2% 0.0% 0. . 100% 100% etes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 1.5% 63.159 0.0% 98.0% 0.029 34.359 0.0% 100.0% 0 8E+15 0 1.5% 2.159 3.1% 2.0% 0.029 0.686 49.3% 0.0% 0. . 100.0% 100.0% 5.0% 4.801 0.0% 7.4% 0.052 1.417 15.7% 0.0% 0. . 4.6% 6.316 0.0% 38.4% 0.091 4.216 0.0% 10.8% 0.139 0.778 0.437 4.9% 9.561 0.0% 54.2% 0.107 5.054 0.0% 89.2% 0.139 6.4 0 100% 100% s considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 2.4% 2.064 3.9% 2.0% 0.037 0.526 59.9% 0.0% 0. . 1.6% 1.839 6.6% 0.9% 0.022 0.4 68.9% 0.0% 0. . 1.9% 3.195 0.1% 5.6% 0.04 1.381 16.7% 3.5% 0.142 0.244 0.808 3.8% 2.699 0.7% 13.3% 0.058 2.286 2.2% 21.6% 0.213 1.015 0.31 4.0% 5.092 0.0% 15.1% 0.061 2.47 1.4% 1.0% 0.033 0.309 0.757 3.2% 4.097 0.0% 10.3% 0.053 1.946 5.2% 1.3% 0.056 0.23 0.818 3.4% 3.651 0.0% 10.9% 0.057 1.902 5.7% 25.9% 0.291 0.89 0.374 2.8% 4.552 0.0% 13.5% 0.061 2.196 2.8% 12.6% 0.216 0.581 0.561 2.6% 1.756 7.9% 17.8% 0.085 2.084 3.7% 33.4% 0.349 0.957 0.338 3.7% 3.355 0.1% 10.7% 0.05 2.125 3.4% 0.8% 0.037 0.211 0.833 100.1% 100.1% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. ngs you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 4.2% 2.1% 2.027 4.3% 9 0.5% 0.008 0.64 52.2% 0 0.0% 26.7% 3.2% 8.264 0.0% 106 6.6% 0.021 3.196 0.1% 25 0.5% 32.9% 5.4% 6.085 0.0% 60 10.4% 0.038 2.771 0.6% 10 1.4% 26.4% 6.3% 4.227 0.0% 28 7.6% 0.034 2.202 2.8% 12 1.9% s over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or cost sion, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 25.3% 9.2% 2.739 0.6% 15 10.8% 0.076 1.421 15.5% 3 1.5% 4.6% 2.6% 1.775 7.6% 5 1.3% 0.014 0.942 34.6% 2 0.0% 21.9% 2.7% 8.099 0.0% 106 5.1% 0.016 3.164 0.2% 18 0.8% 36.8% 5.0% 7.327 0.0% 79 10.7% 0.031 3.469 0.1% 26 0.8% ngs you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 2.8% 1.6% 1.734 8.3% 6 0.5% 0.007 0.669 50.4% 1 0.0% 18.1% 3.4% 5.34 0.0% 48 3.2% 0.017 1.839 6.6% 7 0.0% 31.9% 5.1% 6.211 0.0% 62 7.8% 0.03 2.58 1.0% 11 0.7% 32.6% 4.2% 7.793 0.0% 88 10.7% 0.029 3.667 0.0% 28 1.7% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ngs you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 1.7% 2.066 3.9% 1.8% 0.03 0.617 53.7% 0.0% 0. . 5.2% 11.128 0.0% 54.2% 0.106 5.099 0.0% 34.6% 0.299 1.158 0.247 3.8% 5.651 0.0% 25.7% 0.086 2.992 0.3% 28.5% 0.241 1.184 0.236 4.0% 4.162 0.0% 18.3% 0.075 2.451 1.4% 36.9% 0.338 1.092 0.275 100.0% 100.0% s over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., rcentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 2.2% 2.601 0.9% 9.1% 0.06 1.526 12.7% 14.0% 0.181 0.77 0.441 1.6% 1.798 7.2% 3.1% 0.033 0.918 35.9% 0.8% 0.037 0.211 0.833 5.0% 10.388 0.0% 45.3% 0.104 4.347 0.0% 55.9% 0.329 1.698 0.09 4.5% 8.622 0.0% 42.5% 0.096 4.452 0.0% 29.4% 0.271 1.085 0.278 100.0% 100.1% ngs you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 1.2% 1.779 7.5% 1.2% 0.018 0.691 48.9% 1.8% 0.064 0.287 0.774 4.1% 5.315 0.0% 14.4% 0.077 1.87 6.2% 0.0% 0. . 4.9% 6.097 0.0% 27.4% 0.088 3.1 0.2% 18.8% 0.318 0.591 0.554 5.5% 8.333 0.0% 57.0% 0.082 6.934 0.0% 79.3% 0.311 2.549 0.011 100.0% 99.9% ment Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 18.4% 12.3% 1.496 13.5% 0 5.2% 0.062 0.839 40.2% 0 0.3% 48.9% 3.3% 14.629 0.0% 189 33.0% 0.032 10.404 0.0% 47 2.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 1.1% 1.35 17.7% 0.7% 0.008 0.809 41.9% 0.7% 0.033 0.219 0.827 1.1% 86.672 0.0% 99.3% 0.008 123.159 0.0% 99.3% 0.033 29.633 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. sy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be utes of thinking? 14.6% 4.0% 3.637 0.0% 24 1.4% 0.017 0.853 39.4% 1 0.0% 17.2% 4.6% 3.763 0.0% 20 2.6% 0.021 1.287 19.8% 2 0.0% 23.8% 6.8% 3.511 0.0% 30 7.4% 0.046 1.591 11.2% 6 0.4% 39.0% 8.2% 4.753 0.0% 30 12.3% 0.068 1.803 7.1% 8 0.6% puter in the past 3 months? 12.0% 2.4% 5.047 0.0% 53 2.1% 0.011 1.886 5.9% 7 0.0% 36.3% 5.6% 6.432 0.0% 51 8.3% 0.03 2.728 0.6% 13 0.2% 37.4% 7.8% 4.793 0.0% 33 11.2% 0.053 2.105 3.5% 6 4.0% 37.7% 5.8% 6.489 0.0% 68 14.7% 0.045 3.277 0.1% 23 1.9% ou use a computer? 19.0% 3.1% 6.211 0.0% 77 4.1% 0.016 2.507 1.2% 13 0.1% 41.7% 25.9% 1.612 10.7% 5 9.1% 0.134 0.684 49.4% 1 0.0% 53.7% 30.4% 1.766 7.7% 3 2.2% 0.079 0.286 77.5% 0 0.0% 35.7% 10.0% 3.578 0.0% 19 13.5% 0.079 1.696 9.0% 3 1.5% n spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (s sis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer networks? 19.0% 3.1% 6.211 0.0% 77 4.1% 0.016 2.507 1.2% 13 0.1% 49.4% 18.9% 2.608 0.9% 12 15.4% 0.157 0.983 32.6% 1 0.0% 35.6% 11.3% 3.161 0.2% 15 11.2% 0.074 1.519 12.9% 3 1.9% he work of other workers (supervise)? 20.1% 2.9% 6.823 0.0% 84 4.2% 0.018 2.372 1.8% 12 0.2% 27.8% 8.3% 3.355 0.1% 20 9.0% 0.058 1.549 12.1% 5 0.2% ple other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement s) 16.3% 6.1% 2.678 0.7% 12 0.9% 0.009 1.014 31.1% 1 0.0% 19.3% 4.4% 4.36 0.0% 34 2.9% 0.019 1.546 12.2% 2 0.1% 22.2% 5.6% 3.983 0.0% 25 5.6% 0.031 1.842 6.6% 6 0.5% 26.5% 6.3% 4.17 0.0% 33 10.2% 0.054 1.909 5.6% 8 0.2% ou regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 26.0% 12.1% 2.153 3.1% 8 0.5% 0.015 0.316 75.2% 0 0.0% 22.1% 4.8% 4.648 0.0% 38 3.3% 0.022 1.526 12.7% 5 0.1% 22.4% 4.8% 4.618 0.0% 34 7.3% 0.037 1.981 4.8% 6 0.4% 17.2% 5.0% 3.467 0.1% 24 4.9% 0.031 1.571 11.6% 6 0.1% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value sy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure ou have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? puter in the past 3 months? 4.9% 581.4% 0 18.4% 8.2% 226.2% 0.024 0.5% 2.4% 21.4% 83.0% 5.0% 568.3% 0 24.3% 8.0% 304.5% 0.002 3.8% 11.5% 33.0% 74.2% 3.5% 392.7% 0 15.7% 7.3% 213.7% 0.033 48.4% 31.3% 154.9% 12.1% 5.0% 583.2% 0 41.5% 9.4% 439.7% 0 47.3% 31.8% 148.7% 13.7% 99.9% 100.0% ou use a computer? n spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software he work of other workers (supervise)? ple other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, lves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) ou regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 5.8% 45.83 0.0% 268.1% 0.124 21.575 0.0% 288.6% 0.228 12.674 0 5.7% 58.385 0.0% 339.4% 0.09 37.799 0.0% 303.4% 0.347 8.749 0 4.5% 71.885 0.0% 341.5% 0.071 48.146 0.0% 314.4% 0.424 7.421 0 5.3% 50.625 0.0% 274.4% 0.103 26.697 0.0% 287.0% 0.199 14.455 0 5.9% 52.955 0.0% 332.1% 0.091 36.395 0.0% 316.3% 0.293 10.808 0 4.6% 60.942 0.0% 276.8% 0.089 31.006 0.0% 260.9% 0.296 8.811 0 5.0% 63.588 0.0% 333.4% 0.099 33.803 0.0% 329.2% 0.324 10.17 0 7.5% 27.319 0.0% 191.7% 0.108 17.703 0.0% 162.6% 0.239 6.813 0 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? 10.1% 1.5% 6.628 0.0% 96 3.1% 0.011 2.89 0.4% 18 0.2% 13.2% 1.6% 8.065 0.0% 109 3.2% 0.009 3.607 0.0% 31 0.6% ave you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example 18.6% 2.2% 8.636 0.0% 82 2.1% 0.007 2.917 0.4% 13 0.2% 4.4% 1.7% 2.62 1.0% 14 1.5% 0.007 2.033 4.4% 5 0.9% you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do ting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 3.9% 1.5% 2.615 0.9% 17 0.6% 0.004 1.371 17.0% 4 0.0% 21.1% 2.9% 7.366 0.0% 92 5.4% 0.016 3.406 0.1% 27 1.1% 1.6% 0.6% 2.51 1.3% 1 0.0% 0. . 1 0.0% 16.5% 2.3% 7.17 0.0% 9 2.0% 0.008 2.574 1.1% 0 0.3% 4.0% 1.3% 3.172 0.2% 64 0.2% 0.002 0.996 32.1% 10 0.0% 0.3% 0.3% 0.997 32.0% 8 0.0% 0. . 2 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. what is your occupation (or job title)? 43.7% 10.1% 4.338 0.0% 29 18.8% 0.09 2.086 3.7% 9 0.9% 19.4% 3.6% 5.361 0.0% 52 3.0% 0.017 1.735 8.3% 5 0.0% 15.3% 5.5% 2.802 0.5% 13 3.5% 0.027 1.32 18.7% 3 0.2% 18.8% 7.6% 2.481 1.3% 8 0.2% 0.008 0.317 75.1% 0 0.0% 5.9% 5.3% 1.129 25.9% 2 0.0% 0. . 0 0.0% own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 27.1% 3.9% 7.02 0.0% 72 7.2% 0.028 2.596 0.9% 12 0.2% 1.0% 1.4% 0.699 48.4% 1 4.6% 0.051 0.905 36.5% 1 0.5% 5.8% 2.5% 2.289 2.2% 9 0.4% 0.008 0.499 61.8% 0 0.0% 3.7% 5.7% 0.638 52.3% 1 22.0% 0.209 1.055 29.1% 1 2.4% 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0. . 0 0.0% tion for this work? 8.4% 4.2% 2.016 4.4% 6 0.8% 0.009 0.875 38.2% 1 0.0% 13.7% 4.6% 2.965 0.3% 13 1.8% 0.019 0.948 34.3% 1 0.0% 16.6% 6.5% 2.55 1.1% 14 3.4% 0.028 1.191 23.4% 2 0.0% 32.9% 5.4% 6.11 0.0% 71 8.8% 0.039 2.244 2.5% 13 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0. . 0 0.0% mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 25.4% 4.3% 5.903 0.0% 55 7.3% 0.027 2.688 0.7% 10 0.4% 17.3% 3.7% 4.74 0.0% 48 3.1% 0.019 1.642 10.1% 7 0.0% [occupation]? 24.9% 19.2% 1.294 19.6% 3 0.6% 0.031 0.21 83.3% 0 0.0% 42.5% 26.8% 1.586 11.3% 1 0.0% 0. . 0 0.0% 32.8% 35.5% 0.923 35.6% 1 37.3% 0.454 0.822 41.1% 0 29.9% 19.0% 5.4% 3.511 0.0% 32 7.1% 0.043 1.653 9.8% 6 0.0% 28.8% 24.6% 1.168 24.3% 2 14.1% 0.168 0.843 39.9% 1 0.0% 21.8% 11.2% 1.956 5.0% 5 2.3% 0.052 0.435 66.3% 0 0.0% 38.5% 10.3% 3.758 0.0% 19 6.6% 0.061 1.075 28.3% 0 0.2% 7.2% 3.0% 2.406 1.6% 10 1.5% 0.015 1.028 30.4% 1 0.1% 11.1% 5.3% 2.111 3.5% 4 3.6% 0.032 1.132 25.8% 3 0.4% 34.5% 16.4% 2.105 3.5% 5 8.0% 0.081 0.993 32.1% 2 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value what is your occupation (or job title)? own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? tion for this work? mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? [occupation]? Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0. . 0 100% 164 0.006 1.386 0.166 5 100% 738 0.006 1.261 0.207 4 100% 697 0.016 0.612 0.541 1 100% 168 0. . 0 100% 7 0.006 1.381 0.167 5 100% 724 0. . 0 100% 149 not part of the formal educational system)? 0.004 1.256 0.209 4 100% 863 0.064 0.75 0.453 1 100% 47 0.006 1.38 0.168 5 100% 802 0. . 0 100% 108 0.005 1.356 0.175 4 100% 891 0.045 0.484 0.628 1 100% 21 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.006 1.007 0.314 2 100% 405 0.007 1.1 0.271 3 100% 507 0.006 1.315 0.188 5 100% 801 0.012 0.418 0.676 0 1.0 111 0.003 0.891 0.373 1 100% 144 0.011 1.265 0.206 4 100% 361 0.018 0.422 0.673 0 100% 47 0.014 0.319 0.75 0 100% 60 0.008 1.201 0.23 3 100% 422 0.016 0.902 0.367 2 100% 124 you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0.003 0.234 0.815 0 100% 180 0.003 0.955 0.34 2 100% 520 0.018 1.192 0.233 3 100% 203 a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol ement; or others. 0.009 1.348 0.178 5 100% 478 0.004 0.421 0.674 0 100% 255 0. . 0 100% 173 0.005 1.382 0.167 5 100% 875 0. . 0 100% 34 0. . 0 100% 304 0.004 0.656 0.512 1 100% 321 0.015 1.326 0.185 4 100% 287 0. . 0 100% 72 0. . 0 100% 28 0.009 0.219 0.827 0 100% 64 0.018 0.882 0.378 2 100% 100 0.001 0.337 0.736 0 100% 176 0.007 0.219 0.827 0 100% 106 0.013 1.037 0.3 2 100% 95 0.017 0.523 0.601 0 100% 105 0.073 0.753 0.451 1 100% 36 0.002 0.217 0.828 0 100% 126 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0. . 0 100% 200 0.005 0.924 0.356 2 100% 445 0.016 0.897 0.37 2 100% 144 0.024 0.778 0.437 1 100% 110 nces, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, 0.017 0.893 0.372 1 100% 49 0.002 0.218 0.828 0 100% 161 0.008 0.996 0.319 2 100% 500 0.008 1.002 0.316 2 100% 199 0.001 0.316 0.752 0 100% 171 0. . 0 100% 266 0.012 0.595 0.552 1 100% 190 0.015 1.177 0.239 4 100% 265 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.015 0.217 0.829 0 100% 284 0.011 2.029 0.043 5 100% 538 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how 0. . 0 100% 169 0. . 0 100% 126 0.007 0.555 0.579 1 100% 125 0.013 0.42 0.675 0 100% 73 0.001 0.218 0.828 0 100% 523 0.006 0.318 0.751 0 100% 150 0.041 0.975 0.33 2 100% 77 0.018 1.024 0.306 3 100% 158 0.002 0.409 0.682 0 100% 438 0. . 0 100% 11 0. . 0 100% 7 0.031 0.482 0.63 1 100% 41 presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing 0.002 0.409 0.682 0 100% 438 0. . 0 100% 22 0.039 0.485 0.628 1 100% 32 0.003 0.645 0.519 1 100% 417 0.009 0.219 0.827 0 100% 80 o 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work 0. . 0 100% 87 0.002 0.218 0.827 0 100% 183 0.01 0.495 0.621 1 100% 117 0.005 0.359 0.72 0 100% 110 0. . 0 100% 34 0.004 0.317 0.751 0 100% 172 0.006 0.582 0.56 1 100% 152 0.002 0.315 0.753 0 100% 139 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.003 0.64 0.522 1 47% 466 0.005 1.164 0.245 4 53% 443 er of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or 0.002 0.995 0.321 1 84% 407 0.007 1.393 0.165 0 16% 59 in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a o jobs, other. 0. . 0 27% 130 0.009 1.164 0.245 4 73% 313 0. . 0 26% 27 0.003 0.995 0.321 0 47% 114 0. . 1 21% 201 0 0% 65 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.015 0.638 0.523 1 100% 67 0.002 0.218 0.827 0 100% 248 0.007 0.219 0.826 0 100% 88 0. . 0.00 100% 60 0. . 0.00 100% 34 0.004 0.591 0.555 1 100% 266 0.023 0.219 0.826 0 100% 27 0. . 132.00 100% 264 0.102 0.237 0.813 8 100% 16 0. . 1.00 100% 2 0 . . 0.00 100% 83 0 . . 0.00 100% 111 0 . . 0.00 100% 66 0.007 0.624 0.532 1 100% 212 0 . . 0.00 100% 25 0.006 0.599 0.549 1 100% 221 0.002 0.218 0.827 0 100% 272 0. . 0.00 100% 6 0. . 0.00 100% 5 0.439 0.681 0.496 1 100% 2 0 . . 0.00 100% 146 0 . . 0.00 100% 6 0 . . 0.00 100% 30 0.009 0.218 0.827 0 100% 58 0.006 0.218 0.828 0 100% 101 0.012 0.311 0.756 0 100% 36 0 . . 0.00 100% 17 All adults (age (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 78.1% 2.2% 36.238 0 755 19.2% 2.1% 9.22 Yes 61.1% 1.6% 37.772 0 1,709 29.8% 1.5% 20.191 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 65.7% 1.5% 44.934 0 1,950 26.9% 1.4% 19.041 Private 51.1% 4.4% 11.604 0 316 40.3% 4.6% 8.754 Other 61.6% 3.3% 18.391 0 73 30.1% 3.2% 9.51 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 58.9% 1.7% 35.393 0 1,693 31.9% 1.6% 19.682 Yes 84.7% 2.0% 42.961 0 651 13.9% 1.8% 7.829 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t No 68.60% 1.40% 49.155 0 2,323 25.50% 1.30% 19.142 Yes 46.70% 3.90% 12.11 0 175 35.60% 3.90% 9.184 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 66.70% 1.50% 43.767 0 2,099 26.30% 1.40% 18.678 Yes 63.90% 3.00% 21.325 0 399 27.90% 2.60% 10.569 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 67.10% 1.40% 47.355 0 2,348 26.20% 1.30% 19.53 Yes 55.10% 4.90% 11.145 0 150 31.60% 4.10% 7.76 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 35.0% 2.1% 16.357 0 21.3% 2.4% 8.823 0 Yes 65.0% 2.1% 30.394 0 78.7% 2.4% 32.515 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 81.6% 1.3% 61.71 0 75.8% 1.9% 40.027 0 Private 5.5% 0.6% 8.744 0 9.8% 1.3% 7.542 0 Other 12.9% 1.2% 10.382 0 14.4% 1.7% 8.445 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 72.7% 1.4% 50.443 0 89.8% 1.4% 64.597 0 Yes 27.3% 1.4% 18.959 0 10.2% 1.4% 7.36 0 Total 100% 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t of the formal educational system)? No 92.60% 0.80% 113.441 0 86.00% 1.70% 50.844 0 Yes 7.40% 0.80% 9.037 0 14.00% 1.70% 8.296 0 Total 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 85.50% 1.00% 89.758 0 84.30% 1.50% 54.472 0 Yes 14.50% 1.00% 15.194 0 15.70% 1.50% 10.178 0 Total 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 94.20% 0.70% 137.139 0 91.70% 1.30% 72.32 0 Yes 5.80% 0.70% 8.503 0 8.30% 1.30% 6.588 0 Total 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 62.6% 2.2% 28.023 0 1,119 29.1% 2.2% 13.517 Female 69.5% 1.7% 41.615 0 1,379 24.3% 1.6% 15.252 Age 15-24 62.6% 2.0% 31.44 0 866 30.1% 1.8% 16.521 25-34 64.0% 1.9% 34.068 0 922 26.8% 1.6% 16.405 35-44 72.9% 2.7% 26.905 0 424 21.9% 2.5% 8.704 45-54 75.0% 3.7% 20.106 0 185 21.4% 3.7% 5.779 55+ 79.3% 5.6% 14.166 0 101 17.5% 5.8% 3.034 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 72.3% 1.6% 46.103 0 1,632 23.3% 1.5% 15.6 Secondary 56.6% 2.7% 20.825 0 496 32.9% 2.4% 13.658 Tertiary 43.3% 4.0% 10.702 0 150 37.6% 4.2% 8.899 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 75.0% 1.6% 47.798 0 1,106 21.6% 1.5% 14.122 Secondary 64.5% 2.1% 30.042 0 769 28.6% 2.2% 12.956 Tertiary 41.6% 3.2% 12.833 0 232 40.8% 3.1% 13.361 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the Low SES 75.7% 2.1% 35.703 0 728 19.8% 1.9% 10.331 Middle SES 64.4% 1.7% 38.713 0 1,537 28.0% 1.6% 17.045 High SES 56.3% 3.5% 16.078 0 213 33.5% 3.2% 10.601 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natur No shocks 60.6% 2.1% 29.44 0 1,024 30.0% 2.0% 15.172 One shock 68.8% 2.2% 30.887 0 622 25.9% 2.1% 12.394 Two or more shocks 72.4% 1.9% 37.61 0 844 22.2% 1.8% 12.326 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 66.10% 1.50% 44.757 0 2,363 26.80% 1.30% 20.389 Yes 69.30% 4.30% 15.986 0 135 22.70% 4.80% 4.747 Household Asset Index Low 78.1% 1.8% 43.285 0 1,076 19.3% 1.6% 11.811 Medium 70.0% 2.0% 35.241 0 887 24.8% 2.0% 12.437 High 50.6% 2.3% 22.206 0 535 35.6% 2.3% 15.677 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 80.20% 3.60% 22.152 0 197 16.30% 3.80% 4.279 2 78.30% 3.70% 21.149 0 251 18.80% 3.70% 5.014 3 74.40% 2.90% 25.987 0 373 22.30% 2.90% 7.695 4 69.60% 2.60% 26.452 0 488 24.50% 2.40% 10.213 5 68.20% 2.20% 31.153 0 631 25.10% 2.10% 12.18 6 56.10% 3.20% 17.477 0 265 33.50% 3.10% 10.653 7 45.60% 4.00% 11.473 0 147 40.00% 4.30% 9.375 8 45.70% 6.70% 6.865 0 74 38.50% 6.20% 6.192 9 37.20% 9.30% 3.987 0 18 44.70% 10.80% 4.131 10 66.50% 6.90% 9.631 0 49 27.60% 7.30% 3.802 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 44.6% 1.7% 26.168 0 51.7% 2.8% 18.546 0 Female 55.4% 1.7% 32.487 0 48.3% 2.8% 17.326 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 38.1% 1.3% 30.02 0 45.7% 2.1% 21.921 0 25-34 31.4% 1.3% 24.877 0 32.8% 1.9% 17.489 0 35-44 16.5% 1.0% 16.828 0 12.3% 1.4% 8.766 0 45-54 9.0% 0.9% 10.156 0 6.4% 1.2% 5.559 0 55+ 4.9% 0.6% 7.675 0 2.7% 1.0% 2.823 0.005 Total 99.9% 99.9% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 69.2% 1.8% 38.203 0 52.6% 2.3% 22.535 0 Secondary 23.1% 1.4% 16.793 0 31.7% 2.2% 14.638 0 Tertiary 7.7% 1.0% 7.347 0 15.6% 2.0% 7.947 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 50.7% 1.8% 28.039 0 33.7% 2.5% 13.637 0 Secondary 36.6% 1.5% 24.908 0 37.6% 2.3% 16.043 0 Tertiary 12.7% 1.6% 8.072 0 28.7% 2.8% 10.355 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 27.9% 1.4% 19.673 0 18.2% 1.9% 9.556 0 Middle SES 61.7% 1.4% 43.275 0 66.6% 2.3% 29.334 0 High SES 10.4% 0.9% 11.697 0 15.3% 1.5% 10.327 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss o other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 41.5% 1.6% 26.322 0 51.0% 2.5% 20.162 0 One shock 25.9% 1.4% 18.748 0 24.2% 1.8% 13.089 0 Two or more shocks 32.7% 1.6% 20.216 0 24.8% 2.1% 11.605 0 Total 100.1% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 94.10% 0.60% 164.635 0 95.20% 1.10% 89.377 0 Yes 5.90% 0.60% 10.262 0 4.80% 1.10% 4.504 0 Total 100% 100% Household Asset Index Low 39.4% 2.2% 17.893 0 24.3% 2.6% 9.48 0 Medium 35.3% 1.6% 21.897 0 31.2% 2.3% 13.357 0 High 25.4% 1.9% 13.38 0 44.5% 3.1% 14.308 0 Total 100.1% 100.0% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 1 8.20% 0.80% 10.473 0 4.20% 0.90% 4.418 0 2 10.40% 1.00% 10.92 0 6.20% 1.30% 4.746 0 3 15.20% 1.00% 14.753 0 11.30% 1.50% 7.553 0 4 19.90% 1.00% 20.537 0 17.40% 1.70% 10.389 0 5 24.70% 1.20% 21.403 0 22.70% 1.70% 12.987 0 6 10.20% 0.80% 12.332 0 15.20% 1.50% 10.402 0 7 5.40% 0.60% 8.602 0 11.80% 1.40% 8.558 0 8 3.10% 0.60% 5.394 0 6.50% 1.20% 5.514 0 9 0.90% 0.30% 3.421 0.001 2.70% 0.90% 2.987 0.003 10 2.00% 0.30% 5.751 0 2.10% 0.60% 3.427 0.001 Total 100% 100% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 84.6% 1.8% 47.607 0 941 13.9% 1.7% 8.054 low 69.5% 1.9% 37.037 0 1,160 25.4% 1.7% 14.566 medium 46.7% 3.4% 13.545 0 220 43.0% 3.2% 13.392 high 35.4% 3.2% 11.066 0 166 41.7% 3.6% 11.569 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonom skill not used 82.5% 2.7% 30.589 0 324 16.5% 2.7% 6.199 low 74.9% 1.8% 40.968 0 1,616 21.6% 1.7% 12.825 medium 51.7% 2.9% 17.55 0 381 34.7% 3.3% 10.521 high 37.0% 3.2% 11.634 0 169 44.7% 3.1% 14.506 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 89.9% 1.6% 55.106 0 807 9.5% 1.6% 5.833 low 78.8% 2.3% 33.52 0 596 19.6% 2.4% 8.025 medium 66.7% 2.6% 25.619 0 468 28.5% 2.5% 11.574 high 43.9% 2.0% 21.745 0 607 40.5% 1.9% 20.847 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 38.0% 1.5% 26.013 0 15.6% 1.8% 8.552 0 low 45.2% 1.6% 28.634 0 41.3% 2.5% 16.798 0 medium 9.6% 0.8% 11.474 0 22.1% 1.8% 12.474 0 high 7.2% 0.8% 8.588 0 21.1% 2.0% 10.349 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use a trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 14.4% 1.2% 12.373 0 7.1% 1.3% 5.64 0 low 62.8% 1.6% 39.514 0 44.9% 2.8% 16.074 0 medium 15.3% 1.1% 14.507 0 25.4% 2.3% 11.206 0 high 7.5% 0.8% 9.026 0 22.5% 2.0% 11.352 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 32.3% 1.5% 21.223 0 8.4% 1.4% 5.994 0 low 23.4% 1.3% 18.598 0 14.4% 1.7% 8.455 0 medium 19.5% 1.1% 17.779 0 20.7% 1.8% 11.248 0 high 24.7% 1.4% 17.535 0 56.5% 2.2% 25.582 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 1 0.10% 1,480 0 800 0.00% 0.10% 0.59 Yes 49.50% 1.90% 26.251 0 1,226 39.80% 1.80% 22.002 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 39.10% 1.60% 25.1 0 0.00% 0.10% 0.591 0.554 Yes 60.90% 1.60% 39.161 0 100% 0.10% 1,887 0 Total 100% 100% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 77.80% 3.10% 25.282 0 383 19.90% 2.90% 6.831 low 69.50% 2.70% 25.336 0 463 24.50% 2.50% 9.759 medium 66.10% 2.20% 29.749 0 540 26.40% 2.30% 11.643 high 50.70% 3.20% 15.963 0 281 34.40% 3.20% 10.635 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 81.00% 1.20% 67.419 0 1,983 17.10% 1.20% 13.985 low 48.00% 5.10% 9.36 0 162 42.80% 4.90% 8.695 medium 44.00% 4.20% 10.435 0 141 40.90% 4.30% 9.496 high 32.90% 2.90% 11.187 0 203 45.90% 3.30% 13.877 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 75.10% 1.70% 43.788 0 1,521 21.30% 1.80% 11.863 low 58.90% 11.30% 5.233 0 18 33.30% 11.10% 3.009 medium 35.70% 8.20% 4.359 0 29 40.10% 8.70% 4.618 high 30.90% 3.80% 8.214 0 117 45.70% 4.00% 11.556 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; mana skill not used 75.10% 1.70% 43.922 0 1,519 21.20% 1.80% 11.83 low 31.50% 7.30% 4.337 0 26 46.50% 8.50% 5.472 medium 33.80% 3.50% 9.615 0 139 43.90% 4.00% 10.923 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 70.40% 1.70% 40.444 0 1,413 23.90% 1.70% 14.462 no 50.50% 3.40% 14.875 0 273 34.70% 3.60% 9.653 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 74.50% 4.10% 18.336 0 282 21.20% 3.90% 5.427 low 70.50% 3.40% 20.516 0 278 22.00% 3.60% 6.197 medium 64.30% 2.90% 21.854 0 394 27.70% 2.60% 10.567 high 62.90% 2.00% 31.148 0 729 28.50% 2.30% 12.577 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 50.70% 5.90% 8.632 0 90 36.10% 6.20% 5.823 low 61.90% 2.40% 25.741 0 579 28.00% 2.30% 12.315 medium 69.00% 2.60% 26.132 0 481 25.70% 2.80% 9.284 high 73.30% 2.50% 29.358 0 533 21.70% 2.60% 8.493 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes skill not used 24.00% 1.60% 15.323 0 15.40% 2.20% 7.16 0 low 27.00% 1.50% 18.221 0 23.90% 2.20% 10.9 0 medium 33.00% 1.50% 22.243 0 33.30% 2.40% 14.02 0 high 16.10% 1.40% 11.674 0 27.40% 2.30% 11.885 0 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 78.50% 1.50% 52.443 0 41.20% 2.60% 16.116 0 low 6.60% 0.80% 8.08 0 14.70% 1.70% 8.556 0 medium 6.40% 0.80% 8.365 0 14.80% 1.70% 8.948 0 high 8.40% 1.00% 8.479 0 29.30% 2.40% 12.154 0 Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 89.20% 1.40% 65.714 0 64.00% 3.00% 21.529 0 low 1.30% 0.40% 3.429 0.001 1.90% 0.70% 2.742 0.006 medium 1.70% 0.40% 3.887 0 4.90% 1.20% 4.24 0 high 7.80% 1.20% 6.441 0 29.30% 2.80% 10.406 0 Total 100% 100% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical a programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 89.10% 1.40% 64.536 0 63.50% 3.00% 20.838 0 low 1.30% 0.30% 3.736 0 4.90% 1.20% 3.978 0 medium 9.60% 1.30% 7.499 0 31.60% 2.70% 11.688 0 Total 100% 100% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 83.70% 1.40% 61.748 0 71.70% 2.50% 29.257 0 no 16.30% 1.40% 12.022 0 28.30% 2.50% 11.524 0 Total 100% 100% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- worke skill not used 17.90% 1.40% 12.596 0 12.80% 2.30% 5.476 0 low 15.10% 1.10% 13.206 0 11.90% 1.80% 6.704 0 medium 24.50% 1.50% 16.834 0 26.70% 2.30% 11.502 0 high 42.50% 1.60% 25.774 0 48.60% 2.70% 17.965 0 Total 100% 100% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 5.90% 0.90% 6.56 0 10.60% 1.90% 5.562 0 low 34.70% 1.70% 20.365 0 39.60% 3.00% 13.184 0 medium 28.80% 1.50% 19.472 0 27.00% 2.20% 12.071 0 high 30.60% 1.50% 20.291 0 22.80% 2.30% 10.108 0 Total 100% 100% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.778items) 0.018 151.4 - 2.916 0.028 105.8 - different0.015 Conscientiousness (average of 33.193 items) 206.9 - 3.279 0.020 163.2 - Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.018 2.947 166.8 - 3.104 0.026 119.6 - Emotional Stability (average of 3 different 2.687 items) 176.4 0.015 - 2.697 0.022 120.2 - 2.826 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.017 162.5 - 2.891 0.030 94.956 - Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.683 0.022 120.3 - 2.720 0.031 86.627 - 3.078 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.017 185.4 - 3.172 0.024 131.3 - Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items)0.018 1.980 110.7 - 1.901 0.029 66.255 - (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 48.6% 0.014 34.875 0 1,932 18.9% 0.011 16.978 Yes 17.6% 0.009 18.749 0 562 7.7% 0.007 10.702 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cas company, an NGO or any other individual? Employed 53.5% 0.016 33.777 0 1,562 21.0% 0.014 14.962 Unemployed 13.3% 0.01 13.489 0 370 5.0% 0.006 8.231 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, hous job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I d Inactive not in education 40.9% 0.02 20.521 0 395 9.1% 0.01 9.132 Inactive and in education 24.6% 0.022 11.352 0 167 18.6% 0.016 11.417 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 8.2% 0.7% 11.032 0 184 0.035 0.5% 707.1% Self-employed 20.8% 0.012 17.536 0 503 6.1% 0.007 8.619 Wage worker 34.4% 0.014 25.19 0 820 16.0% 0.013 12.324 Unpaid family worker/other 3.3% 0.005 6.072 0 55 0.6% 0.002 2.589 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 93.20% 20.70% 4.505 37.60% 3.50% 10.733 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 166 41.00% 3.60% 11.257 Low skilled white collar 70.10% 1.90% 37.502 0 923 24.50% 1.70% 14.414 74.40% Crafts and related trades workers; 3.60% Plant and machine 20.701 operator and0 299 assemblers 23.30% 3.50% 6.619 Elementary occupations 79.00% 3.90% 20.182 0 276 17.40% 4.10% 4.265 Skilled agriculture work 82.00% 6.90% 11.864 0 43 12.60% 7.00% 1.816 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 63.30% 2.00% 31.448 0 875 27.80% 2.00% 13.678 Yes 65.90% 3.60% 18.428 0 184 27.90% 3.40% 8.154 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 74.10% 2.40% 30.497 0 578 21.80% 2.30% 9.292 2-5 60.70% 4.90% 12.381 0 98 31.40% 4.90% 6.372 6-15 65.10% 14.00% 4.664 0 10 27.10% 13.50% 2.003 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 71.80% 2.30% 31.162 0 41 23.40% 2.30% 10.348 Yes, with constraints 46.50% 17.10% 2.713 0.007 641 44.80% 19.40% 2.313 Yes, no constraints 74.00% 7.40% 9.991 0 6 20.70% 7.30% 2.842 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 83.20% 3.00% 27.741 0 361 14.60% 2.90% 5.031 Somewhat useful 76.40% 2.40% 32.022 0 509 20.10% 2.30% 8.867 Moderately useful 64.10% 3.10% 20.416 0 281 29.30% 3.00% 9.934 Very useful 50.80% 2.50% 20.262 0 503 35.60% 2.90% 12.412 97.80% Respondent without formal schooling 3.40% 28.752 0 30 2.20% 3.40% 0.635 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 58.70% 2.70% 21.988 0 479 29.30% 2.60% 11.184 Over or underqualified for job 69.30% 1.90% 37.304 0 1,152 25.00% 1.90% 13.428 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Through private employment agency38.50% 12.50% 3.084 0.002 12 49.00% 14.70% 3.334 32.10% Through university / school career office 10.00% 3.221 0.001 11 46.80% 12.20% 3.843 / relative / 2.20% Through social network (friends72.00% other) 33.177 0 615 23.10% 2.10% 10.725 Through media / Internet 33.10% 5.20% 6.375 0 47 42.50% 6.00% 7.031 Employer contacted you 64.50% 3.80% 16.858 0 236 26.80% 3.60% 7.349 Started own business 71.90% 2.30% 30.807 0 583 23.60% 2.30% 10.439 53.10% 8.70% Job obtained after training / apprenticeship 6.096 with employe 0 32 36.10% 8.70% 4.149 Other 68.50% 11.90% 5.769 0 20 21.10% 10.00% 2.116 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.30% 0.20% 1.257 0.209 10.40% 1.20% 8.804 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 28.70% 2.40% 12.183 0 Low skilled white collar 53.60% 1.60% 33.969 0 47.60% 2.60% 17.952 0 16.00% Crafts and related trades workers; 1.20% Plant and machine 13.906 operator and0 12.70% assemblers 1.90% 6.644 0 Elementary occupations 17.30% 1.30% 13.288 0 9.60% 2.10% 4.703 0 Skilled agriculture work 2.70% 0.50% 5.091 0 1.00% 0.60% 1.801 0.072 Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 82.20% 1.60% 52.908 0 82.70% 2.20% 37.528 0 Yes 17.80% 1.60% 11.463 0 17.30% 2.20% 7.842 0 Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 83.80% 1.80% 45.61 0 75.00% 3.90% 19.079 0 2-5 14.40% 1.70% 8.42 0 22.60% 3.80% 6.01 0 6-max 1.90% 0.60% 2.953 0.003 2.40% 1.30% 1.864 0.062 Total 100% 100% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 6.90% 1.50% 4.759 0 5.90% 2.20% 2.717 0.007 Yes, with constraints 92.20% 1.50% 62.103 0 91.50% 2.50% 36.007 0 Yes, no constraints 0.90% 0.40% 1.989 0.047 2.60% 1.40% 1.887 0.059 Total 100% 100% Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 23.70% 1.70% 14.111 0 10.50% 1.90% 5.579 0 Somewhat useful 30.60% 1.60% 19.114 0 20.30% 2.10% 9.813 0 Moderately useful 14.10% 1.10% 13.322 0 16.30% 2.00% 8.279 0 Very useful 30.00% 1.60% 18.716 0 52.80% 2.70% 19.848 0 1.60% Respondent without formal schooling 0.40% 4.142 0 0.10% 0.10% 0.643 0.52 Total 100% 100% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 29.20% 1.60% 18.159 0 36.30% 2.60% 13.948 0 Over or underqualified for job 70.80% 1.60% 43.99 0 63.70% 2.60% 24.44 0 Total 100% 100% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Through private employment agency 0.60% 0.20% 2.597 0.009 1.90% 0.70% 2.711 0.007 Through university / school career office 0.20% 0.60% 2.701 0.007 2.40% 0.80% 3.054 0.002 / relative / 1.80% Through social network (friends41.30% other) 23.413 0 33.80% 2.80% 12.137 0 Through media / Internet 3.60% 0.70% 5.428 0 11.70% 1.70% 6.765 0 Employer contacted you 13.70% 1.10% 12.032 0 14.50% 1.90% 7.808 0 Started own business 36.30% 1.70% 21.845 0 30.40% 2.50% 12.157 0 2.40% 0.60% Job obtained after training / apprenticeship 4.039 with employe 0 4.20% 1.20% 3.51 0 Other 1.40% 0.40% 3.573 0 1.10% 0.60% 1.894 0.058 Total 99.90% 100% All adults (ages 15-64) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 180 2.5% 0.7% 3.287 0.001 28 0.2% 0.1% 1.261 0.207 0 887 8.5% 0.9% 9.903 0 230 0.6% 0.3% 2.247 0.025 0 809 6.9% 0.8% 8.676 0 210 0.5% 0.2% 2.475 0.013 0 242 8.1% 2.4% 3.325 0.001 46 0.4% 0.6% 0.763 0.445 0 21 8.1% 1.8% 4.539 0 4 0.3% 0.5% 0.569 0.57 vel that you started? 0 979 8.6% 0.9% 9.275 0 252 0.6% 0.2% 2.474 0.013 0 94 1.3% 0.7% 1.952 0.051 8 0.0% 0.0% 0.402 0.688 elated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 0 907 5.60% 0.60% 8.756 0 188 0.30% 0.20% 2.133 0.033 0 166 16.10% 2.70% 5.95 0 72 1.50% 0.90% 1.699 0.089 setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 897 6.50% 0.70% 9.044 0 213 0.50% 0.20% 2.508 0.012 0 176 7.80% 1.60% 4.779 0 47 0.40% 0.50% 0.822 0.411 eld and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 0 972 6.30% 0.70% 8.668 0 225 0.40% 0.20% 2.319 0.02 0 101 12.10% 2.80% 4.368 0 35 1.20% 0.90% 1.295 0.195 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 10.8% 2.8% 3.85 0 12.8% 9.8% 1.311 0.19 89.2% 2.8% 31.953 0 87.2% 9.8% 8.918 0 100.0% 100.0% 76.9% 3.7% 20.98 0 87.0% 11.9% 7.325 0 7.8% 2.2% 3.595 0 6.7% 8.7% 0.77 0.441 15.4% 3.1% 4.917 0 6.3% 9.1% 0.695 0.487 100.1% 100.0% vel that you started? 96.1% 2.0% 48.349 0 99.4% 1.6% 61.214 0 3.9% 2.0% 1.949 0.051 0.6% 1.6% 0.375 0.707 100% 100% elated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 74.90% 3.60% 20.979 0 64.80% 15.20% 4.263 0 25.10% 3.60% 7.032 0 35.20% 15.20% 2.317 0.021 100% 100% setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 82.60% 3.20% 26.028 0 86.90% 12.20% 7.14 0 17.40% 3.20% 5.487 0 13.10% 12.20% 1.079 0.281 100% 100% eld and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 87.30% 3.00% 28.941 0 82.00% 12.30% 6.668 0 12.70% 3.00% 4.22 0 18.00% 12.30% 1.468 0.142 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 547 7.8% 0.9% 8.174 0 153 0.5% 0.2% 2.349 0.019 0 526 5.8% 0.9% 6.244 0 107 0.4% 0.3% 1.42 0.155 0 436 7.1% 1.0% 6.863 0 90 0.2% 0.2% 1.136 0.256 0 433 8.3% 1.1% 7.364 0 129 0.9% 0.4% 2.118 0.034 0 132 4.8% 1.2% 3.909 0 29 0.4% 0.3% 1.285 0.199 0 55 3.6% 1.6% 2.227 0.026 8 0.1% 0.3% 0.311 0.756 0.002 17 3.2% 2.1% 1.511 0.131 4 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 519 4.2% 0.7% 6.007 0 83 0.2% 0.2% 1.649 0.099 0 348 9.9% 1.5% 6.743 0 93 0.6% 0.4% 1.368 0.171 0 174 17.4% 3.3% 5.333 0 79 1.7% 1.0% 1.702 0.089 0 310 3.3% 0.7% 4.461 0 42 0.1% 0.2% 0.892 0.372 0 378 6.7% 1.1% 5.876 0 81 0.2% 0.2% 1.233 0.218 0 310 16.0% 2.3% 6.96 0 116 1.6% 0.7% 2.176 0.03 ple, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0 189 4.3% 0.8% 5.3 0 43 0.2% 0.2% 0.815 0.415 0 717 7.0% 0.9% 7.817 0 172 0.5% 0.2% 2.254 0.024 0 163 9.8% 2.1% 4.61 0 42 0.4% 0.5% 0.893 0.372 worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; a re/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 0 558 8.7% 1.1% 7.841 0 160 0.7% 0.3% 2.383 0.017 0 248 5.1% 1.2% 4.296 0 43 0.2% 0.3% 0.815 0.415 0 267 5.0% 0.9% 5.426 0 57 0.4% 0.2% 1.445 0.148 isease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 1,031 6.70% 0.70% 9.372 0 245 0.40% 0.20% 2.427 0.015 0 42 7.30% 3.10% 2.37 0.018 15 0.60% 0.60% 0.976 0.329 0 238 2.5% 0.6% 3.968 0 27 0.1% 0.1% 0.464 0.642 0 346 4.9% 0.9% 5.703 0 67 0.2% 0.2% 0.985 0.325 0 489 12.7% 1.6% 7.936 0 166 1.1% 0.5% 2.271 0.023 scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0 44 3.30% 1.70% 1.917 0.055 8 0.20% 0.40% 0.583 0.56 0 66 2.90% 1.30% 2.246 0.025 8 0.10% 0.20% 0.317 0.751 0 108 3.00% 1.00% 3.02 0.003 16 0.30% 0.30% 0.907 0.364 0 183 5.60% 1.20% 4.821 0 46 0.30% 0.30% 0.867 0.386 0 240 6.20% 1.40% 4.544 0 60 0.40% 0.40% 1.138 0.255 0 173 9.60% 1.90% 4.984 0 51 0.90% 0.60% 1.539 0.124 0 132 13.50% 2.70% 4.919 0 36 0.90% 0.90% 1 0.317 0 76 14.80% 4.60% 3.197 0.001 23 1.00% 1.40% 0.664 0.507 0 28 17.00% 9.10% 1.874 0.061 8 1.10% 1.90% 0.564 0.573 0 23 5.70% 3.50% 1.642 0.101 4 0.20% 0.90% 0.219 0.827 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 54.7% 4.6% 11.944 0 55.3% 20.2% 2.741 0.006 45.3% 4.6% 9.899 0 44.7% 20.2% 2.216 0.027 100.0% 100.0% 42.6% 4.2% 10.1 0 19.4% 14.6% 1.331 0.183 40.5% 3.9% 10.292 0 65.1% 18.6% 3.491 0 10.7% 2.5% 4.232 0 14.1% 10.1% 1.399 0.162 4.2% 1.8% 2.338 0.019 1.4% 4.3% 0.322 0.748 1.9% 1.2% 1.538 0.124 0.0% 0.0% . . 99.9% 100.0% 35.9% 4.8% 7.51 0 31.2% 16.1% 1.945 0.052 36.5% 4.1% 8.97 0 29.2% 15.5% 1.881 0.06 27.6% 4.6% 6.03 0 39.6% 16.5% 2.394 0.017 100.0% 100.0% 20.5% 3.7% 5.525 0 12.9% 13.6% 0.953 0.34 34.7% 4.2% 8.325 0 18.9% 13.0% 1.449 0.147 44.8% 4.7% 9.459 0 68.2% 15.5% 4.388 0 100.0% 100.0% ple, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 15.8% 2.9% 5.428 0 9.6% 10.5% 0.907 0.364 66.4% 3.9% 16.909 0 79.6% 13.6% 5.85 0 17.8% 3.4% 5.293 0 10.8% 10.0% 1.081 0.28 100.0% 100.0% worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a mployment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or 58.6% 4.8% 12.214 0 66.4% 14.7% 4.504 0 19.0% 3.7% 5.151 0 10.3% 10.2% 1.006 0.314 22.4% 3.5% 6.489 0 23.3% 12.7% 1.829 0.067 100.0% 100.0% isease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 93.90% 2.50% 37.674 0 92.40% 7.10% 13.015 0 6.10% 2.50% 2.462 0.014 7.60% 7.10% 1.078 0.281 100% 100% 12.6% 3.3% 3.851 0 3.4% 6.7% 0.504 0.614 24.5% 3.6% 6.716 0 14.7% 14.2% 1.036 0.3 62.9% 4.8% 13.063 0 81.9% 15.0% 5.448 0 100.0% 100.0% scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 3.30% 1.70% 2.019 0.044 3.50% 5.40% 0.648 0.517 3.80% 1.70% 2.265 0.024 1.20% 3.80% 0.322 0.747 6.10% 1.80% 3.303 0.001 8.60% 9.10% 0.947 0.343 15.90% 3.30% 4.759 0 10.40% 11.10% 0.939 0.348 22.30% 4.50% 4.919 0 23.50% 17.20% 1.363 0.173 17.20% 2.80% 6.195 0 25.00% 16.70% 1.498 0.134 15.80% 3.10% 5.153 0 15.30% 15.60% 0.977 0.328 9.80% 2.80% 3.464 0.001 8.50% 10.70% 0.8 0.424 4.00% 2.30% 1.735 0.083 3.30% 5.90% 0.564 0.573 1.70% 1.10% 1.602 0.109 0.70% 3.00% 0.222 0.824 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value t is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 159 1.5% 0.5% 3.157 0.002 17 0.0% 0.1% 0.386 0.7 0 428 4.9% 0.8% 6.045 0 81 0.2% 0.2% 1.105 0.269 0 241 9.9% 1.9% 5.076 0 47 0.4% 0.4% 1.125 0.261 0 241 20.6% 2.8% 7.291 0 113 2.3% 0.9% 2.44 0.015 ave you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, h as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 0 55 1.0% 0.8% 1.323 0.186 2 0.0% 0.1% 0.218 0.828 0 502 3.4% 0.6% 5.983 0 75 0.1% 0.1% 1.374 0.169 0 284 12.5% 2.2% 5.794 0 90 1.0% 0.7% 1.517 0.129 0 232 17.1% 2.5% 6.83 0 93 1.3% 0.7% 1.732 0.083 ast 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0 82 0.7% 0.3% 1.89 0.059 5 0.0% 0.1% 0.218 0.827 0 146 1.6% 0.7% 2.348 0.019 8 0.0% 0.1% 0.319 0.75 0 213 4.6% 1.2% 3.853 0 33 0.2% 0.3% 0.795 0.427 0 629 14.5% 1.6% 8.818 0 214 1.1% 0.5% 2.377 0.017 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value t is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 6.6% 2.1% 3.219 0.001 1.9% 4.6% 0.403 0.687 31.6% 3.8% 8.308 0 16.8% 11.8% 1.429 0.153 20.2% 3.6% 5.701 0 11.8% 8.9% 1.328 0.184 41.5% 4.2% 9.968 0 69.5% 13.8% 5.03 0 99.9% 100.0% ave you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., r multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 1.7% 1.3% 1.347 0.178 0.6% 2.7% 0.22 0.826 27.7% 4.2% 6.542 0 18.8% 14.0% 1.345 0.179 36.4% 4.6% 7.892 0 43.0% 18.5% 2.329 0.02 34.1% 4.0% 8.48 0 37.6% 15.7% 2.398 0.017 99.9% 100.0% ast 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 2.3% 1.2% 1.926 0.054 0.9% 3.9% 0.222 0.825 4.7% 1.9% 2.414 0.016 1.1% 3.6% 0.321 0.748 13.2% 3.2% 4.101 0 10.2% 9.8% 1.039 0.299 79.8% 4.2% 19.207 0 87.8% 10.8% 8.104 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.555 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 1,073 10.00% 1.00% 9.584 0 260 0.70% 0.30% 2.472 0.013 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 0.00% 8E+15 0 100% 0.00% 8E+15 0 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value ay or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, h 0 80 2.20% 1.10% 2.08 0.038 11 0.00% 0.10% 0.218 0.827 0 182 5.80% 1.40% 4.231 0 35 0.20% 0.40% 0.568 0.57 0 244 6.90% 1.30% 5.522 0 57 0.50% 0.40% 1.278 0.201 0 202 13.40% 2.40% 5.64 0 82 1.50% 0.80% 1.903 0.057 0 380 1.90% 0.50% 3.926 0 41 0.00% 0.10% 0.548 0.584 0 170 8.40% 2.10% 3.946 0 25 0.80% 1.00% 0.78 0.435 0 178 14.00% 2.70% 5.127 0 53 1.10% 0.80% 1.483 0.138 0 344 19.80% 2.50% 8.058 0 140 1.30% 0.70% 1.882 0.06 0 433 3.40% 0.60% 5.483 0 62 0.20% 0.20% 1.145 0.252 0.003 14 7.50% 4.80% 1.543 0.123 2 0.40% 1.20% 0.317 0.751 0 38 20.80% 6.10% 3.415 0.001 16 3.40% 2.90% 1.189 0.234 0 226 21.80% 3.20% 6.899 0 106 1.60% 1.00% 1.644 0.1 os and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designin e; software programming; managing computer networks? 0 429 3.40% 0.60% 5.466 0 62 0.20% 0.20% 1.145 0.252 0 40 20.60% 6.80% 3.017 0.003 17 1.30% 1.80% 0.724 0.469 0 242 20.50% 3.10% 6.582 0 107 1.90% 0.90% 2.039 0.041 0 504 5.30% 0.80% 6.594 0 110 0.40% 0.30% 1.736 0.083 0 209 13.60% 2.50% 5.492 0 76 1.10% 0.70% 1.645 0.1 r example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the w 0 71 4.30% 1.50% 2.782 0.005 17 0.10% 0.20% 0.493 0.622 0 87 6.70% 1.90% 3.58 0 26 0.80% 0.80% 0.972 0.331 0 202 7.20% 1.40% 5.261 0 39 0.80% 0.70% 1.245 0.213 0 352 8.00% 1.40% 5.695 0 103 0.50% 0.30% 1.704 0.088 ull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0 67 12.50% 3.10% 4.071 0 28 0.70% 0.80% 0.893 0.372 0 299 9.10% 1.40% 6.572 0 94 1.10% 0.60% 1.889 0.059 0 188 5.10% 1.10% 4.658 0 36 0.20% 0.20% 0.904 0.366 0 159 4.80% 1.30% 3.668 0 28 0.20% 0.30% 0.709 0.478 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ay or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure hat require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 6.50% 3.10% 2.103 0.036 1.40% 6.20% 0.225 0.822 21.00% 4.30% 4.891 0 9.40% 12.30% 0.761 0.447 32.50% 4.70% 6.907 0 30.00% 20.20% 1.486 0.137 39.90% 5.10% 7.773 0 59.30% 19.30% 3.064 0.002 100% 100% 17.80% 3.90% 4.604 0 5.60% 8.40% 0.669 0.503 11.50% 2.80% 4.111 0 16.80% 19.80% 0.848 0.396 20.30% 3.90% 5.183 0 26.70% 17.50% 1.523 0.128 50.40% 5.00% 10.153 0 50.90% 17.40% 2.919 0.004 100% 100% 37.50% 5.40% 6.952 0 32.60% 21.80% 1.492 0.136 1.60% 1.00% 1.541 0.123 1.40% 4.40% 0.319 0.75 9.40% 2.80% 3.318 0.001 20.40% 18.70% 1.093 0.275 51.50% 5.60% 9.236 0 45.60% 19.10% 2.383 0.017 100% 100% os and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; puter aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 37.50% 5.40% 6.975 0 32.60% 21.80% 1.492 0.136 8.00% 2.80% 2.843 0.004 7.10% 10.50% 0.674 0.5 54.50% 5.60% 9.814 0 60.30% 20.60% 2.93 0.003 100% 100% 58.90% 5.80% 10.143 0 60.10% 18.80% 3.204 0.001 41.10% 5.80% 7.092 0 41.10% 5.80% 7.092 0 100% 101% r example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, with people other than co- workers) 9.70% 3.50% 2.791 0.005 3.10% 6.50% 0.476 0.634 13.50% 3.10% 4.353 0 17.40% 12.80% 1.355 0.175 26.00% 4.70% 5.563 0 36.40% 20.70% 1.755 0.079 50.80% 5.60% 9.019 0 43.20% 20.60% 2.095 0.036 100% 100% ull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 13.70% 3.00% 4.52 0 9.40% 9.40% 0.995 0.32 47.70% 5.20% 9.19 0 68.80% 16.20% 4.26 0 19.90% 3.70% 5.423 0 10.20% 10.90% 0.94 0.347 18.70% 4.20% 4.449 0 11.60% 15.40% 0.752 0.452 100% 100% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.967 0.052 57.107 - 2.741 0.251 10.939 - 3.261 0.047 69.588 - 3.301 0.179 18.389 - 3.193 0.046 68.702 - 3.113 0.157 19.844 - 2.719 0.042 64.991 - 2.719 0.201 13.497 - 2.918 0.066 44.508 - 2.965 0.222 13.343 - 2.784 0.051 54.591 - 2.752 0.163 16.878 - 3.241 0.043 74.925 - 3.427 0.176 19.485 - 1.842 0.049 37.549 - 1.851 0.146 12.687 - Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value find a salaried or wage job? 0 806 4.8% 0.006 8.123 0 203 0.4% 0.002 2.337 0.019 0 267 1.9% 0.003 6.045 0 57 0.1% 0.001 1.104 0.27 an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterpris 0 652 5.4% 0.007 7.877 0 165 0.5% 0.002 2.405 0.016 0 154 1.3% 0.003 3.789 0 38 0.1% 0.001 0.733 0.464 he past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have fou aiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 0 90 1.6% 0.004 4.009 0 16 0.0% 0 177 5.2% 0.009 5.976 0 41 0.0% 0 81 0.7% 0.2% 328.7% 0.001 21 0 0.1% 73.6% 46.2% 0 160 1.1% 0.003 3.268 0.001 25 0.0% 0 1.176 0.24 0 400 4.8% 0.007 6.675 0 118 0.5% 0.002 2.03 0.042 0.01 11 0.1% 0.001 0.927 0.354 1 0.0% 0. . Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 2 6.80% 20.70% 0.329 0.742 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 223 19.00% 2.80% 6.854 0 104 2.30% 1.20% 1.963 0.05 0 335 5.10% 0.80% 6.319 0 62 0.30% 0.20% 1.35 0.177 0 89 2.30% 1.10% 1.98 0.048 10 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 62 3.40% 1.80% 1.865 0.062 8 0.20% 0.50% 0.325 0.745 0.069 6 5.40% 4.20% 1.285 0.199 3 0.00% 0.00% . . n you set it up or took it over? 0 411 8.10% 1.20% 6.877 0 119 0.80% 0.40% 2.03 0.042 0 81 5.90% 1.70% 3.416 0.001 21 0.30% 0.40% 0.735 0.462 0 185 4.00% 1.10% 3.591 0 27 0.10% 0.10% 1.214 0.225 0 50 7.40% 2.20% 3.334 0.001 17 0.40% 0.70% 0.572 0.568 0.045 5 7.00% 6.70% 1.042 0.297 2 0.80% 2.00% 0.416 0.677 0 11 4.50% 1.10% 4.193 0 2 0.20% 0.20% 1.248 0.212 0.021 222 8.30% 12.80% 0.645 0.519 43 0.40% 1.30% 0.312 0.755 0.004 8 5.20% 4.30% 1.216 0.224 1 0.00% 0.20% 0.22 0.83 0 62 2.20% 1.30% 1.681 0.093 6 0.10% 0.40% 0.232 0.817 0 142 3.40% 1.10% 3.184 0.001 22 0.10% 0.20% 0.526 0.599 0 131 6.20% 1.60% 3.756 0 23 0.50% 0.50% 0.865 0.387 0 377 12.40% 1.70% 7.154 0 134 1.20% 0.60% 2.135 0.033 0.526 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 0.00% 0.00% . . ould be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0 276 10.70% 1.40% 7.653 0 99 1.20% 0.50% 2.385 0.017 0 425 5.40% 0.90% 5.749 0 85 0.30% 0.30% 1.005 0.315 0.001 15 12.30% 8.00% 1.529 0.126 3 0.20% 1.00% 0.222 0.824 0 19 20.50% 10.00% 2.047 0.041 6 0.60% 2.20% 0.283 0.777 0 204 4.60% 1.00% 4.655 0 37 0.40% 0.30% 1.274 0.203 0 80 21.80% 5.10% 4.262 0 38 2.70% 1.70% 1.566 0.117 0 97 7.60% 2.10% 3.714 0 28 1.10% 1.10% 0.959 0.337 0 202 4.40% 1.10% 4.14 0 40 0.10% 0.20% 0.78 0.435 0 28 10.00% 4.70% 2.125 0.034 9 0.80% 1.40% 0.565 0.572 0.034 4 10.40% 8.40% 1.242 0.214 3 0.00% 0.00% . . Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.10% 0.30% 0.318 0.751 0.00% 0.00% . . 49.60% 5.20% 9.468 0 72.90% 17.30% 4.208 0 37.00% 4.80% 7.664 0 23.30% 15.30% 1.519 0.129 4.60% 2.40% 1.964 0.05 0.00% 0.00% . . 7.10% 3.50% 2.017 0.044 3.90% 9.60% 0.403 0.687 1.70% 1.40% 1.179 0.238 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% n you set it up or took it over? 86.90% 3.50% 24.583 0 92.30% 10.30% 8.989 0 13.10% 3.50% 3.721 0 7.70% 10.30% 0.745 0.456 100% 100% 69.30% 9.00% 7.677 0 63.00% 35.00% 1.798 0.072 27.50% 8.40% 3.263 0.001 28.00% 36.50% 0.767 0.443 3.10% 3.10% 1.025 0.305 9.00% 19.30% 0.468 0.64 100% 100% 7.60% 6.20% 1.227 0.22 1.30% 6.30% 0.212 0.832 89.80% 7.50% 11.905 0 95.40% 11.90% 8.042 0 2.60% 4.10% 0.617 0.537 3.20% 10.60% 0.305 0.76 100% 100% 5.80% 3.20% 1.798 0.072 2.00% 7.60% 0.266 0.79 12.90% 3.80% 3.417 0.001 4.20% 6.80% 0.619 0.536 12.80% 3.60% 3.555 0 11.30% 13.20% 0.853 0.393 68.60% 5.00% 13.651 0 82.50% 16.30% 5.043 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% ould be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 49.10% 4.90% 10.019 0 69.40% 22.30% 3.111 0.002 50.90% 4.90% 10.385 0 30.60% 22.30% 1.374 0.17 100% 100% 1.80% 1.30% 1.449 0.147 0.30% 1.20% 0.217 0.829 4.10% 2.10% 1.926 0.054 1.30% 4.50% 0.29 0.772 25.90% 4.20% 6.117 0 25.50% 19.10% 1.334 0.182 23.30% 4.60% 5.079 0 34.00% 19.80% 1.716 0.086 16.10% 4.10% 3.909 0 26.30% 21.10% 1.246 0.213 22.00% 4.60% 4.751 0 8.50% 10.50% 0.816 0.415 4.60% 2.30% 2.001 0.045 4.10% 7.00% 0.588 0.557 2.20% 1.90% 1.154 0.248 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% (1) Skills Acquisition History /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo 3 100.0% 966 No 78.5% 4.0% 19.814 0 236 14 100.0% 2,840 Yes 58.3% 2.0% 28.768 0 767 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade 15 100.0% 2,984 Public 62.8% 2.0% 31.843 0 788 1 99.9% 605 Private 52.3% 6.1% 8.558 0 154 1 100.1% 99 Other 63.4% 4.4% 14.514 0 31 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational 17 100.0% 2,941 No 58.7% 2.3% 25.938 0 752 0 99.9% 753 Yes 79.4% 3.8% 21.1 0 224 Participation in training tional system)? Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor 9 100.0% 3,427 No 64.4% 1.8% 34.957 0 935 8 99.9% 421 Yes 52.5% 5.9% 8.922 0 78 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo 17 100.0% 3,226 No 63.5% 2.0% 31.868 0 873 0 100.0% 622 Yes 61.9% 5.1% 12.162 0 140 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula 16 100.0% 3,561 No 64.2% 1.9% 34.031 0 966 1 100.0% 287 Yes 49.0% 7.0% 7.041 0 47 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo No 29.5% 2.6% 11.408 0 16.3% Yes 70.5% 2.6% 27.228 0 83.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade Public 78.8% 1.7% 46.235 0 76.5% Private 6.9% 1.1% 6.379 0 10.4% Other 14.3% 1.7% 8.548 0 13.1% Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational No 79.0% 1.8% 43.303 0 89.7% Yes 21.0% 1.8% 11.506 0 10.3% Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor of the formal educational system)? No 92.1% 1.2% 76.808 0 89.0% Yes 7.9% 1.2% 6.547 0 11.0% Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo No 87.1% 1.3% 64.942 0 86.5% Yes 12.9% 1.3% 9.594 0 13.5% Total 100.0% 100.0% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula No 95.1% 0.9% 104.671 0 92.3% Yes 4.9% 0.9% 5.337 0 7.7% Total 100.0% 100.0% (2) Background Conditions /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Gender 11 100.0% 1,830 Male 61.6% 3.2% 19.282 0 439 6 100.0% 2,018 Female 64.7% 2.4% 26.878 0 574 Age 2 100.0% 1,394 15-24 62.6% 2.0% 31.44 0 866 12 100.0% 1,496 25- 68.5% 4.7% 14.636 0 147 3 100.0% 588 0 100.1% 248 0 100.0% 122 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 4 100.0% 2,238 Primary or Less 70.3% 2.2% 31.289 0 578 5 100.0% 942 Secondary 55.4% 3.7% 15.111 0 245 8 100.0% 411 Tertiary 43.3% 5.3% 8.151 0 84 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 2 100.0% 1,460 Primary or Less 71.2% 2.7% 26.678 0 331 2 100.0% 1,230 Secondary 64.9% 2.8% 23.204 0 393 13 100.0% 671 Tertiary 45.3% 4.3% 10.653 0 138 Socioeconomic status at age 15 hen you were 15 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p 0 100.0% 960 Low SES 71.6% 3.2% 22.158 0 261 15 99.9% 2,441 Middle SES 61.9% 2.2% 28.164 0 662 1 100.0% 419 High SES 55.1% 5.4% 10.281 0 88 Household shocks before age 15 ly breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops 13 100.0% 1,755 No shocks 57.3% 2.7% 20.944 0 419 1 100.0% 914 One shock 67.7% 3.5% 19.135 0 267 3 100.0% 1,171 Two or more shocks 69.0% 2.8% 24.532 0 327 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear 16 100.0% 3,655 No 63.2% 1.9% 33.004 0 965 1 99.9% 193 Yes 64.0% 7.4% 8.642 0 48 Household Asset Index 0 100.0% 1,341 Low 74.1% 2.9% 25.924 0 447 1 99.9% 1,301 Medium 66.0% 2.8% 23.311 0 347 16 100.0% 1,206 High 49.6% 3.1% 16.16 0 219 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 1 100.0% 250 1 79.2% 7.1% 11.107 0 70 0 100.1% 325 2 71.9% 5.9% 12.16 0 91 1 100.0% 498 3 69.4% 4.6% 14.929 0 136 1 100.0% 718 4 66.6% 3.4% 19.401 0 217 4 99.9% 935 5 66.7% 3.4% 19.421 0 258 5 100.1% 494 6 58.2% 4.6% 12.776 0 124 3 100.0% 318 7 36.9% 5.7% 6.482 0 49 1 100.0% 174 8 48.3% 10.0% 4.814 0 31 1 100.0% 55 9 46.5% 15.2% 3.059 0.002 9 0 100.0% 76 10 65.2% 10.1% 6.431 0 25 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Gender Male 45.5% 2.8% 16.191 0 48.8% Female 54.5% 2.8% 19.384 0 51.2% 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 88.1% 1.3% 69.271 0 91.3% 25-34 11.9% 1.3% 9.339 0 8.7% 100.0% 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 60.4% 2.7% 21.984 0 43.5% Secondary 28.5% 2.1% 13.498 0 36.2% Tertiary 11.1% 1.7% 6.414 0 20.3% Total 100.0% 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 35.8% 2.3% 15.52 0 25.7% Secondary 45.2% 2.4% 19.045 0 40.2% Tertiary 19.0% 2.7% 7.039 0 34.2% Total 100.0% 100.1% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest p your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 25.2% 1.8% 13.805 0 17.6% Middle SES 64.2% 2.1% 30.747 0 68.0% High SES 10.7% 1.3% 7.964 0 14.4% Total 100.1% 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significant household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 41.9% 2.1% 20.002 0 52.6% One shock 26.3% 2.0% 13.215 0 22.6% Two or more shocks 31.7% 2.3% 14.025 0 24.8% Total 99.9% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hear No 95.2% 0.8% 119.022 0 95.6% Yes 4.8% 0.8% 5.988 0 4.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 39.2% 2.8% 14.192 0 26.1% Medium 34.7% 2.0% 17.138 0 31.6% High 26.1% 2.3% 11.521 0 42.3% Total 100.0% 100.0% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 1 7.4% 1.2% 6.263 0 3.7% 2 8.4% 1.2% 7.214 0 6.1% 3 13.0% 1.4% 9.297 0 11.1% 4 20.9% 1.4% 14.514 0 18.7% 5 25.2% 1.8% 13.825 0 21.0% 6 12.7% 1.4% 9.209 0 15.1% 7 5.0% 0.9% 5.66 0 13.2% 8 3.7% 1.1% 3.345 0.001 6.5% 9 1.1% 0.5% 2.505 0.012 2.0% 10 2.6% 0.6% 4.221 0 2.5% Total 100.0% 99.9% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w 0 100.0% 1,117 skill not used 82.2% 2.7% 30.392 0 359 2 100.0% 1,671 low 70.6% 2.5% 28.349 0 462 2 100.0% 510 medium 43.0% 4.7% 9.106 0 95 13 100.0% 533 high 36.5% 4.3% 8.459 0 95 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) costs, use or calculate fractions, Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math s 0 100.0% 381 skill not used 76.9% 4.9% 15.542 0 123 4 100.0% 2,197 low 75.2% 2.4% 31.354 0 630 7 99.9% 762 medium 51.8% 4.4% 11.838 0 156 6 100.1% 500 high 36.5% 3.9% 9.442 0 104 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th 0 100.1% 894 skill not used 89.4% 2.5% 35.167 0 300 0 100.0% 750 low 76.5% 3.7% 20.824 0 204 1 100.0% 715 medium 67.6% 3.9% 17.401 0 210 16 100.0% 1,466 high 43.6% 2.7% 15.892 0 294 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w skill not used 34.0% 2.0% 16.971 0 14.3% low 45.6% 2.2% 20.479 0 34.4% medium 10.7% 1.3% 8.146 0 25.5% high 9.8% 1.3% 7.464 0 25.8% Total 100.1% 100.0% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any ot trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 13.1% 1.3% 9.779 0 8.0% low 60.1% 2.0% 30.21 0 37.1% medium 15.2% 1.5% 9.925 0 22.5% high 11.6% 1.5% 7.919 0 32.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th skill not used 27.2% 2.0% 13.689 0 6.6% low 21.5% 1.8% 11.843 0 12.9% medium 22.0% 1.6% 13.561 0 20.1% high 29.3% 2.1% 13.96 0 60.4% Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 0 100.0% 800 No 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 291 17 100.0% 2,576 Yes 48.6% 2.3% 21.056 0 543 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 34.2% 1.9% 17.772 0 0.0% Yes 65.8% 1.9% 34.207 0 100.0% Total 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) d be done. As part of this work, how Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 0 99.9% 474 skill not used 75.8% 4.9% 15.382 0 136 1 100.0% 681 low 68.0% 4.6% 14.743 0 156 4 99.9% 845 medium 61.2% 4.1% 14.944 0 159 8 100.0% 573 high 54.5% 5.5% 9.875 0 76 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months 0 100.0% 2,404 skill not used 79.1% 1.9% 41.188 0 764 1 100.0% 358 low 49.5% 6.1% 8.152 0 90 6 100.0% 378 medium 42.7% 5.6% 7.601 0 74 9 99.9% 696 high 30.8% 4.2% 7.39 0 85 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 2 100.0% 2,018 skill not used 73.4% 2.6% 28.367 0 479 0 100.1% 34 low 62.3% 16.1% 3.862 0 8 4 100.0% 87 medium 44.2% 14.5% 3.055 0.002 14 8 100.0% 457 high 27.2% 5.9% 4.645 0 31 Type of software use at work (score) re (such as powerpoint); designing Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis softw 2 99.9% 2,012 skill not used 73.4% 2.6% 28.32 0 479 1 99.9% 84 low 29.8% 13.1% 2.283 0.022 11 11 100.1% 499 medium 34.3% 6.2% 5.573 0 41 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers ( 7 100.0% 2,034 yes 68.1% 2.8% 24.723 0 462 7 99.9% 565 no 50.8% 5.9% 8.667 0 70 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) ment and 10 means much of the work Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 0 100.1% 370 skill not used 69.8% 6.4% 10.901 0 102 4 100.0% 395 low 75.1% 4.8% 15.804 0 98 5 100.0% 640 medium 63.9% 5.0% 12.83 0 128 5 99.9% 1,189 high 60.6% 3.9% 15.509 0 203 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or 1 100.0% 186 skill not used 53.0% 9.6% 5.524 0 31 11 100.1% 983 low 60.8% 4.2% 14.433 0 188 1 100.0% 706 medium 69.7% 4.2% 16.686 0 155 1 100.0% 721 high 71.3% 4.4% 16.3 0 156 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake task skill not used 25.6% 2.2% 11.436 0 17.5% low 29.1% 2.7% 10.794 0 26.1% medium 31.7% 2.6% 12.168 0 35.9% high 13.6% 1.9% 7.247 0 20.4% Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months skill not used 74.5% 2.1% 35.95 0 38.3% low 8.9% 1.4% 6.208 0 16.6% medium 8.8% 1.4% 6.368 0 18.1% high 7.8% 1.1% 7.081 0 26.9% Total 100% 100% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 89.4% 1.8% 49.473 0 65.9% low 2.3% 1.0% 2.325 0.02 2.6% medium 2.3% 0.9% 2.698 0.007 4.1% high 6.0% 1.4% 4.38 0 27.3% Total 100% 100% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (co programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 89.5% 1.8% 48.387 0 65.3% low 1.5% 0.7% 2.059 0.04 6.1% medium 9.0% 1.7% 5.143 0 28.7% 100.0% 100.1% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers ( yes 87.4% 1.8% 48.101 0 79.1% no 12.6% 1.8% 6.958 0 20.9% Total 100% 100% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interactin skill not used 20.4% 2.5% 8.032 0 17.0% low 16.4% 1.9% 8.432 0 10.9% medium 25.5% 2.6% 9.8 0 28.0% high 37.7% 3.1% 12.192 0 44.2% Total 100% 100% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or skill not used 7.6% 1.8% 4.316 0 12.9% low 34.4% 2.9% 11.917 0 39.5% medium 32.1% 2.8% 11.672 0 28.3% high 25.9% 2.4% 10.846 0 19.3% Total 100% 100% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Extraversion (average of 4 different 275.2%items) 2.4% 113.879 0 291.9% 3 different items) Conscientiousness (average of 313.4% 2.2% 141.003 0 325.5% Openness (average of 3 different items) 2.4% 122.437 297.2% 0 317.6% Emotional Stability (average of items) 116.015 3 different 2.3% 266.6% 0 270.2% 277.4%items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 2.6% 107.743 0 286.4% Grit (average of 3 different items) 264.7% 2.8% 96.081 0 270.3% different items) Decision making (average of 4 300.8% 2.3% 131.824 0 315.8% Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items) 2.7% 73.048 197.6% 0 190.3% (6) Labor Market Outcomes /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way 14 73% 2,955 No 36.8% 1.8% 20.23 0 646 3 27% 889 Yes 26.5% 1.6% 16.101 0 367 Employment status mple, a public or private enterprise or Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at lea company, an NGO or any other individual? 13 80% 2,392 Employed 47.1% 2.6% 18.398 0 466 1 20% 563 Unemployed 18.5% 1.9% 9.867 0 180 Educational status of inactive population e, do not want to work, have found a Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, 1 52% 502 Inactive not in education 29.2% 2.2% 13.36 0 202 2 48% 387 Inactive and in education 32.9% 2.7% 12.08 0 165 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 0 12% 286 Employer 5.9% 1.1% 5.325 0 41 2 28% 690 Self-employed 17.8% 2.2% 8.243 0 125 11 56% 1,349 Wage worker 37.5% 2.5% 14.974 0 273 0 4% 67 Unpaid family worker/other 5.5% 1.2% 4.623 0 27 /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( 0 100.0% 2 Military personnel 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 11 99.9% 504 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 40.5% 5.9% 6.819 0 52 3 100.0% 1,323 Low skilled white collar 66.8% 3.4% 19.41 0 281 0 100.0% 398 Crafts and related trades workers;73.6% Plant and 6.5% machine operator and0 11.318 86 assemblers 0 100.0% 346 Elementary occupations 78.9% 4.8% 16.557 0 112 0 100.0% 52 Skilled agriculture work 72.1% 13.3% 5.404 0 14 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w 11 100.0% 1,416 No 65.5% 3.1% 20.801 0 300 0 100.0% 286 Yes 63.8% 8.1% 7.916 0 41 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 2 100.0% 792 myself only 70.6% 4.8% 14.652 0 144 0 99.9% 165 2-5 59.8% 11.3% 5.274 0 21 0 100.0% 17 6-15 83.9% 30.7% 2.728 0.006 1 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? 0 99.9% 54 2 100.0% 908 0 99.9% 15 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 0 100.1% 429 Not useful at all 80.9% 4.7% 17.241 0 121 1 100.0% 674 Somewhat useful 74.3% 3.9% 18.826 0 170 0 100.1% 435 Moderately useful 62.2% 5.4% 11.453 0 85 13 100.0% 1,027 Very useful 49.3% 4.6% 10.599 0 148 0 100.0% 30 Respondent without formal schooling 93.1% 14.2% 6.574 0 6 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think 13 99.9% 867 Correct qualification for job 61.2% 4.3% 14.187 0 157 1 100.0% 1,663 Over or underqualified for job 66.5% 3.3% 20.357 0 356 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 0 100.0% 30 Through private employment agency 16.2% 15.8% 1.028 0.304 1 0 100.0% 36 Through university / school career34.8% office 19.5% 1.783 0.075 3 3 100.1% 859 relative / other) Through social network (friends /71.9% 3.5% 20.654 0 221 8 100.1% 173 Through media / Internet 32.9% 12.4% 2.651 0.008 11 1 100.0% 362 Employer contacted you 69.1% 7.0% 9.888 0 83 0 100.0% 825 Started own business 66.3% 4.7% 14.047 0 125 1 100.0% 70 Job obtained after training / apprenticeship 75.0% 13.7% 5.473 with employe 0 12 0 100.0% 27 Other 64.8% 16.4% 3.966 0 8 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( Military personnel 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.3% 10.4% 1.7% 5.98 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 26.5% Low skilled white collar 50.6% 2.8% 18.056 0 48.7% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 14.4% 2.0% machine operator and0 7.336 11.6% assemblers Elementary occupations 21.8% 2.2% 9.717 0 11.4% Skilled agriculture work 2.7% 0.8% 3.215 0.001 1.6% Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w No 88.0% 2.1% 41.129 0 86.8% Yes 12.0% 2.1% 5.608 0 13.2% Total 100% 100% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 84.6% 3.5% 24.404 0 75.5% 2-5 14.0% 3.4% 4.145 0 24.5% 6-max 1.4% 1.0% 1.388 0.167 0.0% Total 100% 100% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 25.8% 2.9% 8.987 0 12.7% Somewhat useful 33.1% 3.0% 11.076 0 22.3% Moderately useful 12.8% 1.8% 7.028 0 13.0% Very useful 27.5% 2.6% 10.613 0 51.9% 0.8% Respondent without formal schooling 0.4% 1.81 0.07 0.1% Total 100% 100% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think Correct qualification for job 28.2% 2.7% 10.271 0 30.0% Over or underqualified for job 71.8% 2.7% 26.094 0 70.0% Total 100% 100% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? Through private employment agency 0.3% 0.3% 0.939 0.348 2.7% office Through university / school career0.7% 0.5% 1.4 0.161 2.7% relative / other) Through social network (friends /50.5% 3.2% 16 0 40.4% Through media / Internet 2.7% 1.2% 2.325 0.02 10.1% Employer contacted you 16.2% 2.2% 7.383 0 15.4% Started own business 24.0% 2.5% 9.702 0 24.0% 3.5% Job obtained after training / apprenticeship 1.5% with 2.344 employe 0.019 2.5% Other 2.2% 0.9% 2.541 0.011 2.2% Total 100% 100% Youth (ages 15-24) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. ycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 20.2% 3.7% 5.395 0 58 1.2% 1.1% 1.167 0.243 2 0.0% 32.4% 1.9% 17.012 0 432 9.1% 1.2% 7.866 0 110 0.3% r highest education grade? 29.8% 1.9% 15.53 0 366 7.1% 1.1% 6.337 0 86 0.2% 38.4% 6.1% 6.312 0 113 8.6% 3.7% 2.322 0.02 23 0.6% 28.3% 4.5% 6.271 0 10 8.1% 2.6% 3.122 0.002 3 0.2% ng the highest educational level that you started? 32.5% 2.1% 15.674 0 446 8.5% 1.1% 7.51 0 109 0.3% 18.9% 3.6% 5.25 0 44 1.7% 1.4% 1.209 0.227 3 0.0% ning courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educationa 28.9% 1.8% 16.412 0 426 6.6% 0.9% 7.446 0 96 0.1% 34.0% 5.3% 6.453 0 64 12.4% 4.1% 3 0.003 16 1.1% aining for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 29.2% 1.9% 15.138 0 424 7.1% 0.9% 7.685 0 99 0.2% 30.1% 4.9% 6.118 0 66 7.6% 3.1% 2.446 0.014 13 0.4% nt certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 28.9% 1.8% 16.508 0 452 6.7% 1.0% 6.913 0 98 0.2% 36.3% 6.3% 5.756 0 38 13.5% 4.7% 2.897 0.004 14 1.3% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 3.4% 4.846 0 4.0% 3.3% 1.203 0.229 2.2% 9.2% 0.234 0.815 3.4% 24.952 0 96.0% 3.3% 28.763 0 97.8% 9.2% 10.627 0 100.0% 100.0% r highest education grade? 2.7% 28.849 0 75.0% 5.7% 13.279 0 64.7% 34.5% 1.873 0.061 1.8% 5.715 0 9.6% 4.0% 2.414 0.016 22.5% 28.9% 0.779 0.436 2.3% 5.606 0 15.4% 4.8% 3.189 0.001 12.8% 26.0% 0.493 0.622 100.0% 100.0% ng the highest educational level that you started? 2.1% 41.948 0 96.2% 3.1% 31.387 0 100.0% 0.0% 8.1E+15 0 2.1% 4.792 0 3.8% 3.1% 1.228 0.22 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% ning courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 2.0% 44.829 0 83.7% 4.8% 17.345 0 51.5% 36.8% 1.401 0.161 2.0% 5.515 0 16.3% 4.8% 3.372 0.001 48.5% 36.8% 1.319 0.187 100.0% 100.0% aining for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 2.4% 35.62 0 86.2% 5.0% 17.188 0 79.6% 27.1% 2.94 0.003 2.4% 5.563 0 13.8% 5.0% 2.751 0.006 20.4% 27.1% 0.755 0.45 100.0% 100.0% nt certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 1.7% 55.415 0 88.2% 4.3% 20.493 0 70.6% 34.9% 2.025 0.043 1.7% 4.652 0 11.8% 4.3% 2.752 0.006 29.4% 34.9% 0.844 0.399 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 30.7% 2.9% 10.443 0 242 7.4% 1.3% 5.66 0 58 0.3% 28.2% 2.3% 12.29 0 248 6.9% 1.3% 5.232 0 54 0.2% 30.1% 1.8% 16.521 0 436 7.1% 1.0% 6.863 0 90 0.2% 23.3% 4.0% 5.859 0 54 7.9% 2.2% 3.605 0 22 0.2% 25.1% 2.3% 11.008 0 196 4.4% 1.3% 3.517 0 28 0.1% 34.9% 3.5% 10.069 0 176 9.5% 1.9% 5.022 0 47 0.2% 39.3% 5.6% 7.005 0 101 16.6% 4.2% 3.953 0 36 0.7% 25.2% 2.8% 9.113 0 114 3.6% 1.5% 2.437 0.015 12 0.0% 28.6% 2.6% 10.865 0 178 6.3% 1.3% 4.73 0 37 0.1% 40.2% 4.0% 10.131 0 168 14.0% 2.8% 4.999 0 53 0.5% T step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when y 23.3% 3.0% 7.707 0 83 5.0% 1.5% 3.427 0.001 19 0.1% 30.5% 2.1% 14.333 0 333 7.3% 1.2% 5.967 0 74 0.3% 34.7% 4.9% 7.01 0 74 10.1% 3.1% 3.235 0.001 18 0.2% ancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family br mily business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 33.4% 2.6% 12.945 0 262 9.1% 1.5% 5.875 0 66 0.3% 26.9% 3.5% 7.736 0 101 5.3% 1.6% 3.208 0.001 19 0.1% 25.0% 2.6% 9.526 0 127 5.8% 1.4% 4.259 0 27 0.2% etes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 29.5% 1.7% 17.223 0 476 7.1% 1.0% 7.167 0 107 0.2% 27.4% 7.7% 3.548 0 14 8.4% 5.0% 1.666 0.096 5 0.3% 22.9% 2.7% 8.321 0 118 3.0% 0.9% 3.271 0.001 15 0.0% 27.9% 2.9% 9.496 0 164 6.0% 1.5% 3.964 0 37 0.1% 37.3% 2.9% 13.011 0 208 12.6% 2.3% 5.56 0 60 0.6% s considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 18.4% 7.7% 2.41 0.016 15 2.3% 3.0% 0.77 0.441 3 0.1% 24.4% 6.0% 4.069 0 29 3.4% 2.3% 1.511 0.131 3 0.2% 27.7% 4.7% 5.878 0 48 2.8% 1.5% 1.958 0.05 7 0.1% 27.7% 3.4% 8.176 0 89 5.5% 1.8% 3.011 0.003 22 0.2% 25.9% 3.4% 7.603 0 108 7.3% 2.0% 3.715 0 29 0.1% 32.3% 4.3% 7.508 0 78 9.0% 2.5% 3.608 0 22 0.4% 45.8% 6.9% 6.631 0 64 16.9% 4.7% 3.582 0 18 0.5% 39.2% 9.7% 4.029 0 35 12.3% 6.4% 1.924 0.054 6 0.2% 38.3% 18.4% 2.085 0.037 11 14.0% 14.7% 0.955 0.339 1 1.2% 29.2% 10.2% 2.871 0.004 13 5.2% 4.9% 1.069 0.285 1 0.3% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 3.7% 13.269 0 48.4% 6.4% 7.536 0 70.4% 31.7% 2.224 0.026 3.7% 13.911 0 51.6% 6.4% 8.028 0 29.6% 31.7% 0.934 0.35 100.0% 100.0% 1.6% 58.746 0 87.8% 3.4% 25.977 0 88.0% 22.6% 3.899 0 1.6% 5.604 0 12.2% 3.4% 3.595 0 12.0% 22.6% 0.531 0.596 100.0% 100.0% 3.6% 11.948 0 29.4% 7.2% 4.052 0 21.3% 29.3% 0.727 0.468 3.3% 10.946 0 37.7% 6.4% 5.875 0 39.2% 36.8% 1.066 0.287 3.2% 6.312 0 32.9% 7.3% 4.48 0 39.4% 32.4% 1.216 0.224 100.0% 99.9% 3.2% 7.906 0 14.8% 5.4% 2.722 0.006 7.9% 27.3% 0.291 0.771 3.2% 12.376 0 36.3% 6.1% 5.928 0 26.3% 34.7% 0.758 0.449 3.9% 8.74 0 48.9% 6.8% 7.152 0 65.8% 38.0% 1.733 0.083 100.0% 100.0% T step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 2.5% 7.058 0 15.6% 4.7% 3.345 0.001 16.2% 30.6% 0.528 0.597 3.2% 21.367 0 67.1% 5.5% 12.253 0 76.1% 37.8% 2.013 0.044 2.3% 6.283 0 17.3% 5.1% 3.419 0.001 7.7% 18.7% 0.413 0.68 100.0% 100.0% ancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or r others. 3.4% 15.312 0 58.6% 6.6% 8.915 0 62.0% 33.6% 1.843 0.065 2.8% 8.122 0 18.0% 5.1% 3.546 0 16.0% 24.0% 0.664 0.507 2.8% 8.798 0 23.4% 4.8% 4.874 0 22.1% 29.2% 0.756 0.45 100.0% 100.1% etes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 1.4% 70.334 0 94.4% 3.4% 27.825 0 93.5% 16.1% 5.808 0 1.4% 3.247 0.001 5.6% 3.4% 1.649 0.099 6.5% 16.1% 0.403 0.687 100.0% 100.0% 3.5% 7.553 0 13.9% 4.1% 3.397 0.001 2.5% 9.4% 0.268 0.789 3.0% 10.583 0 27.8% 6.4% 4.367 0 17.8% 29.5% 0.604 0.546 4.0% 10.702 0 58.3% 6.8% 8.521 0 79.7% 29.1% 2.734 0.006 100.0% 100.0% s considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 1.6% 2.359 0.018 1.9% 2.4% 0.775 0.438 2.3% 9.7% 0.232 0.816 1.6% 3.726 0 3.5% 2.4% 1.496 0.135 4.3% 12.8% 0.337 0.736 2.1% 5.248 0 4.7% 2.4% 1.929 0.054 5.7% 15.3% 0.373 0.709 2.4% 7.698 0 15.3% 4.9% 3.135 0.002 18.3% 29.2% 0.627 0.53 2.8% 7.539 0 24.2% 6.3% 3.834 0 13.5% 27.0% 0.5 0.617 2.1% 7.322 0 17.3% 4.3% 4.018 0 21.9% 28.4% 0.771 0.441 2.4% 5.523 0 19.9% 5.1% 3.921 0 19.8% 31.3% 0.632 0.527 1.7% 3.777 0 8.3% 4.1% 1.999 0.046 3.3% 14.0% 0.238 0.812 1.2% 1.706 0.088 3.0% 3.3% 0.892 0.372 8.5% 19.0% 0.446 0.656 1.0% 2.589 0.01 1.9% 1.8% 1.051 0.293 2.4% 10.0% 0.236 0.813 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. ngs you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 15.9% 2.7% 5.901 0 65 1.8% 0.9% 2.13 0.033 8 0.0% 24.5% 2.3% 10.793 0 165 4.8% 1.2% 4.095 0 31 0.1% 47.2% 4.7% 9.988 0 120 9.5% 2.7% 3.528 0 19 0.3% 44.3% 4.9% 8.996 0 137 18.4% 3.5% 5.274 0 53 0.8% s over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or cost sion, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 21.6% 5.2% 4.187 0 25 1.5% 1.3% 1.1 0.271 2 0.0% 21.5% 2.3% 9.436 0 192 3.3% 1.0% 3.402 0.001 28 0.0% 35.7% 4.3% 8.353 0 120 12.1% 2.8% 4.393 0 34 0.4% 47.3% 3.9% 12.171 0 153 15.5% 2.9% 5.421 0 48 0.6% ngs you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 10.1% 2.6% 3.923 0 28 0.5% 0.5% 1.085 0.278 1 0.0% 21.4% 3.8% 5.644 0 64 2.1% 1.4% 1.52 0.129 3 0.0% 28.7% 3.8% 7.537 0 90 3.6% 1.3% 2.843 0.004 11 0.1% 41.8% 2.5% 16.49 0 306 14.1% 2.0% 7.169 0 97 0.5% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ngs you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 2.4% 6.007 0 6.8% 2.9% 2.32 0.02 2.2% 9.2% 0.234 0.815 3.1% 11.141 0 27.8% 5.8% 4.788 0 11.9% 19.4% 0.613 0.54 2.7% 9.445 0 21.2% 5.7% 3.719 0 17.6% 21.7% 0.811 0.417 3.2% 8.112 0 44.2% 6.2% 7.177 0 68.4% 29.3% 2.335 0.02 100.0% 100.1% s over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., rcentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 2.0% 3.887 0 2.2% 2.0% 1.094 0.274 2.3% 9.7% 0.232 0.816 3.5% 10.679 0 22.9% 5.9% 3.893 0 6.8% 15.4% 0.444 0.657 2.8% 8.065 0 31.4% 5.9% 5.363 0 25.1% 32.9% 0.763 0.445 3.4% 9.641 0 43.5% 6.4% 6.776 0 65.8% 32.7% 2.014 0.044 100.0% 100.0% ngs you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 1.6% 4.035 0 1.4% 1.3% 1.083 0.279 0.0% 0.0% . . 2.3% 5.633 0 5.1% 3.3% 1.567 0.117 5.0% 15.2% 0.326 0.744 2.8% 7.214 0 10.3% 3.5% 2.943 0.003 4.2% 13.0% 0.324 0.746 3.3% 18.309 0 83.2% 4.8% 17.429 0 90.8% 18.7% 4.856 0 100.0% 100.0% ment Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 41.1% 2.2% 19.031 0 490 10.0% 1.3% 7.679 0 112 0.3% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 0.0% 8E+15 0 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. sy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be utes of thinking? 21.8% 4.8% 4.584 0 27 2.5% 2.3% 1.087 0.277 4 0.0% 25.6% 4.2% 6.128 0 67 6.3% 2.3% 2.747 0.006 11 0.1% 29.0% 4.3% 6.778 0 85 9.3% 2.7% 3.452 0.001 23 0.5% 34.3% 5.6% 6.121 0 54 10.6% 3.5% 3.038 0.002 18 0.6% puter in the past 3 months? 18.9% 1.9% 9.804 0 161 2.0% 0.6% 3.124 0.002 15 0.0% 42.8% 5.7% 7.466 0 84 7.7% 2.5% 3.116 0.002 11 0.0% 40.8% 6.1% 6.693 0 100 16.1% 3.5% 4.559 0 36 0.5% 49.7% 5.7% 8.792 0 145 18.6% 4.1% 4.511 0 49 0.9% ou use a computer? 22.4% 2.5% 8.851 0 151 4.1% 1.1% 3.665 0 24 0.1% 29.2% 16.0% 1.831 0.067 4 7.8% 7.2% 1.084 0.278 1 0.7% 32.9% 14.5% 2.266 0.023 11 21.0% 10.0% 2.091 0.037 5 1.9% 51.1% 7.9% 6.477 0 67 20.4% 6.1% 3.334 0.001 26 1.2% n spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (s sis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer networks? 22.4% 2.5% 8.812 0 149 4.1% 1.1% 3.665 0 24 0.1% 48.8% 13.4% 3.643 0 14 20.0% 10.3% 1.934 0.053 5 1.4% 45.8% 7.8% 5.84 0 70 18.7% 5.9% 3.17 0.002 27 1.3% he work of other workers (supervise)? 25.7% 2.6% 9.93 0 188 6.0% 1.4% 4.389 0 42 0.2% 35.1% 6.0% 5.809 0 46 13.0% 4.3% 3.034 0.002 14 1.0% ple other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement s) 24.2% 6.1% 3.994 0 27 5.9% 3.0% 1.944 0.052 7 0.1% 20.7% 5.1% 4.078 0 30 3.9% 2.3% 1.731 0.083 5 0.3% 29.2% 5.2% 5.627 0 67 6.4% 2.8% 2.298 0.022 9 0.4% 29.7% 4.0% 7.405 0 109 9.3% 2.3% 4.007 0 35 0.4% ou regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 37.6% 9.7% 3.896 0 23 8.7% 4.8% 1.791 0.073 8 0.7% 29.3% 4.3% 6.846 0 102 9.5% 2.6% 3.696 0 31 0.4% 25.7% 4.0% 6.436 0 69 4.6% 1.7% 2.699 0.007 9 0.1% 22.2% 4.3% 5.142 0 40 6.3% 2.8% 2.271 0.023 8 0.2% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value sy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure ou have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 3.5% 4.995 0 7.6% 6.7% 1.124 0.261 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.8% 6.8 0 24.7% 7.8% 3.166 0.002 13.6% 30.3% 0.448 0.654 4.6% 7.795 0 43.5% 8.9% 4.901 0 44.5% 43.2% 1.031 0.303 3.6% 5.703 0 24.2% 7.9% 3.048 0.002 41.9% 40.3% 1.041 0.298 100% 100% puter in the past 3 months? 3.7% 10.371 0 16.4% 4.9% 3.361 0.001 4.0% 12.0% 0.337 0.736 2.5% 6.743 0 12.5% 3.9% 3.168 0.002 0.4% 2.0% 0.212 0.832 3.0% 6.045 0 29.6% 6.4% 4.624 0 26.9% 34.2% 0.785 0.433 3.7% 7.323 0 41.6% 7.6% 5.445 0 68.7% 35.3% 1.943 0.052 100% 100% ou use a computer? 4.9% 13.534 0 46.0% 10.1% 4.563 0 11.3% 27.7% 0.41 0.682 1.6% 1.67 0.095 2.7% 2.5% 1.076 0.282 6.2% 18.4% 0.337 0.736 2.0% 2.067 0.039 10.1% 5.2% 1.933 0.053 22.7% 37.3% 0.61 0.542 4.6% 5.928 0 41.2% 9.6% 4.299 0 59.7% 41.4% 1.445 0.149 100% 100% n spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 4.9% 13.282 0 46.0% 10.1% 4.563 0 11.3% 27.7% 0.41 0.682 2.3% 2.673 0.008 9.5% 5.2% 1.84 0.066 15.2% 31.0% 0.491 0.624 4.6% 6.205 0 44.5% 10.7% 4.14 0 73.4% 37.3% 1.969 0.049 100.0% 99.9% he work of other workers (supervise)? 3.6% 21.733 0 70.4% 8.3% 8.515 0 40.4% 39.1% 1.032 0.302 3.6% 5.734 0 29.6% 8.3% 3.584 0 59.6% 39.1% 1.523 0.128 100% 100% ple other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, lves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 4.0% 4.229 0 15.7% 7.6% 2.067 0.039 3.3% 10.5% 0.317 0.751 2.8% 3.892 0 7.8% 4.4% 1.788 0.074 16.7% 28.5% 0.585 0.559 4.4% 6.335 0 23.6% 9.1% 2.579 0.01 37.5% 41.0% 0.914 0.361 5.1% 8.733 0 52.9% 9.0% 5.85 0 42.5% 35.8% 1.186 0.236 100% 100% ou regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 3.7% 3.476 0.001 11.3% 6.0% 1.889 0.059 15.7% 25.2% 0.625 0.532 4.7% 8.402 0 48.6% 9.1% 5.365 0 56.4% 36.7% 1.537 0.124 4.1% 6.949 0 19.2% 6.6% 2.89 0.004 13.1% 26.6% 0.493 0.622 3.6% 5.362 0 20.9% 8.4% 2.5 0.012 14.7% 30.5% 0.482 0.63 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 3.9% 74.901 0 301.6% 7.2% 41.822 0 296.8% 49.1% 6.046 0 3.2% 102.917 0 323.7% 7.5% 43.211 0 324.8% 46.1% 7.047 0 3.7% 85.133 0 326.3% 8.1% 40.326 0 348.5% 32.8% 10.628 0 3.2% 83.674 0 271.9% 7.1% 38.235 0 281.9% 33.0% 8.543 0 4.2% 68.267 0 291.5% 8.8% 33.093 0 320.8% 33.7% 9.514 0 4.4% 61.158 0 277.5% 7.6% 36.377 0 266.8% 32.2% 8.273 0 3.5% 90.435 0 320.8% 6.1% 52.228 0 323.1% 42.6% 7.585 0 4.5% 42.062 0 176.6% 7.3% 24.164 0 177.0% 37.5% 4.728 0 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? 15.5% 1.3% 11.728 0 281 3.6% 0.7% 4.885 0 66 0.1% 13.9% 1.3% 10.889 0 209 3.6% 0.6% 5.755 0 46 0.1% ave you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example 18.6% 1.9% 9.646 0 196 4.7% 1.0% 4.723 0 46 0.2% 9.1% 1.3% 6.927 0 85 1.7% 0.6% 2.715 0.007 20 0.1% you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do ting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 5.8% 1.1% 5.236 0 43 1.2% 0.4% 2.962 0.003 9 0.0% 24.4% 2.0% 11.983 0 166 6.5% 1.1% 5.686 0 37 0.0% 2.8% 0.9% 3.095 0.002 18 0.6% 0.4% 1.298 0.194 2 0.0% 5.5% 1.2% 4.39 0 45 1.8% 0.7% 2.529 0.011 11 0.0% 17.2% 2.0% 8.471 0 125 4.2% 1.0% 4.187 0 33 0.2% 0.9% 0.4% 2.122 0.034 8 0.1% 0.2% 0.635 0.525 0 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. what is your occupation (or job title)? 80.0% 44.2% 1.809 0.07 1 20.0% 44.2% 0.452 0.651 0 0.0% 42.6% 6.1% 7.013 0 68 15.9% 4.6% 3.432 0.001 22 1.0% 26.6% 3.0% 8.771 0 118 6.3% 1.8% 3.445 0.001 26 0.2% 24.5% 6.3% 3.893 0 20 1.9% 1.6% 1.157 0.247 3 0.0% 17.1% 4.9% 3.497 0 27 3.9% 2.5% 1.552 0.121 4 0.0% 17.9% 12.3% 1.454 0.146 3 10.0% 11.5% 0.875 0.381 1 0.0% own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 27.5% 3.0% 9.292 0 133 6.6% 1.5% 4.363 0 33 0.3% 30.0% 7.9% 3.774 0 18 6.1% 4.6% 1.327 0.185 2 0.2% 21.7% 4.8% 4.493 0 50 7.7% 2.9% 2.667 0.008 12 0.1% 36.7% 11.4% 3.224 0.001 12 3.3% 4.1% 0.794 0.427 1 0.2% 16.1% 30.7% 0.525 0.599 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% our business? tion for this work? 16.8% 4.6% 3.637 0 26 2.4% 1.8% 1.315 0.188 2 0.0% 21.1% 3.8% 5.569 0 57 4.6% 1.9% 2.457 0.014 8 0.0% 26.6% 5.0% 5.332 0 38 10.1% 4.0% 2.512 0.012 12 1.1% 39.3% 5.4% 7.306 0 113 11.0% 2.9% 3.792 0 34 0.4% 6.9% 14.2% 0.49 0.624 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 27.5% 3.9% 7.052 0 82 10.4% 2.3% 4.449 0 28 1.0% 27.5% 3.4% 8.183 0 149 6.0% 1.7% 3.525 0 28 0.0% [occupation]? 65.8% 22.7% 2.902 0.004 6 17.4% 15.8% 1.096 0.273 2 0.6% 53.0% 21.8% 2.438 0.015 6 11.6% 12.4% 0.934 0.35 1 0.5% 22.6% 3.4% 6.588 0 75 5.5% 1.8% 3.041 0.002 14 0.1% 48.3% 13.9% 3.482 0 18 16.9% 8.4% 2.023 0.043 7 1.9% 25.8% 6.6% 3.917 0 26 4.8% 2.4% 1.989 0.047 7 0.4% 26.1% 4.8% 5.476 0 52 7.5% 2.9% 2.594 0.009 12 0.1% 21.2% 12.6% 1.68 0.093 7 3.8% 3.7% 1.025 0.305 2 0.0% 25.8% 15.8% 1.633 0.102 4 9.4% 13.9% 0.676 0.499 1 0.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value what is your occupation (or job title)? 0.3% 0.803 0.422 0.2% 0.7% 0.318 0.75 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.9% 6.813 0 38.3% 9.6% 3.995 0 65.0% 37.5% 1.734 0.083 4.5% 10.911 0 44.4% 9.5% 4.673 0 31.4% 38.2% 0.822 0.411 3.1% 3.678 0 3.5% 3.2% 1.1 0.271 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.0% 3.76 0 10.1% 6.1% 1.653 0.098 3.5% 14.6% 0.24 0.81 1.1% 1.48 0.139 3.4% 4.1% 0.828 0.408 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 4.0% 21.798 0 88.7% 7.7% 11.533 0 86.6% 33.7% 2.573 0.01 4.0% 3.314 0.001 11.3% 7.7% 1.465 0.143 13.4% 33.7% 0.398 0.691 100% 100% 7.4% 10.151 0 87.7% 8.9% 9.867 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 7.4% 3.295 0.001 12.3% 8.9% 1.39 0.166 100.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% our business? tion for this work? 3.5% 3.655 0 7.0% 5.3% 1.331 0.183 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.8% 5.905 0 18.7% 6.8% 2.746 0.006 0.0% 0.0% . . 2.7% 4.764 0 18.9% 7.3% 2.577 0.01 38.7% 38.7% 0.998 0.318 5.3% 9.798 0 55.4% 9.1% 6.112 0 61.3% 38.7% 1.584 0.113 0.3% 0.479 0.632 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 4.1% 7.241 0 43.0% 9.3% 4.619 0 95.0% 16.1% 5.914 0 4.1% 16.897 0 57.0% 9.3% 6.133 0 5.0% 16.1% 0.312 0.755 100% 100% [occupation]? 1.5% 1.847 0.065 2.9% 2.9% 0.992 0.321 1.4% 6.4% 0.219 0.827 1.6% 1.616 0.106 2.2% 2.4% 0.892 0.373 2.0% 9.1% 0.221 0.825 5.2% 7.83 0 38.2% 9.4% 4.061 0 12.5% 30.4% 0.411 0.681 3.2% 3.174 0.002 13.7% 6.2% 2.217 0.027 45.8% 40.4% 1.133 0.257 4.1% 3.785 0 11.3% 5.7% 1.988 0.047 19.5% 31.3% 0.625 0.532 4.0% 5.992 0 26.9% 8.2% 3.291 0.001 18.8% 37.4% 0.502 0.616 1.4% 1.749 0.08 1.8% 1.6% 1.072 0.284 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.5% 1.444 0.149 3.1% 4.9% 0.639 0.523 0.0% 0.0% . . 100% 100% Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.1% 0.219 0.827 0 99.9% 296 0.2% 1.242 0.214 3 100.1% 1,312 0.2% 0.997 0.319 1 99.9% 1,241 0.9% 0.676 0.499 1 99.9% 291 0.4% 0.454 0.65 1 100.0% 45 0.2% 1.238 0.216 3 100.0% 1,310 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 271 not part of the formal educational system)? 0.1% 0.913 0.361 0 100.0% 1,457 1.1% 0.959 0.338 3 100.0% 161 0.2% 1.136 0.256 3 100.0% 1,399 0.7% 0.636 0.525 0 100.0% 219 0.2% 1.023 0.306 3 100.0% 1,519 1.8% 0.687 0.492 0 100.1% 99 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.3% 1.126 0.26 3 100.0% 742 0.2% 0.731 0.465 0 100.0% 876 0.2% 1.136 0.256 2 100.0% 1,394 0.5% 0.426 0.67 1 99.9% 224 0.2% 0.64 0.522 0 99.9% 802 0.3% 0.851 0.395 1 100.0% 469 0.8% 0.865 0.387 2 99.9% 223 0.1% 0.218 0.827 0 100.0% 457 0.2% 0.633 0.527 0 99.9% 608 0.5% 1.037 0.3 3 100.0% 362 you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0.2% 0.472 0.637 0 100.0% 363 0.3% 1.061 0.289 3 100.0% 1,072 0.5% 0.336 0.737 0 100.1% 180 a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol ement; or others. 0.3% 0.973 0.33 3 100.1% 750 0.2% 0.71 0.477 0 100.0% 387 0.3% 0.666 0.506 0 100.0% 481 0.2% 1.175 0.24 3 100.0% 1,551.0 0.7% 0.4 0.689 0 100.1% 67 0.1% 0.28 0.779 0 100.0% 580 0.2% 0.563 0.573 0 100.0% 548 0.5% 1.121 0.262 3 100.1% 490 0.3% 0.218 0.828 0 100.0% 88 0.6% 0.318 0.751 0 99.9% 123 0.2% 0.395 0.693 0 100.0% 191 0.3% 0.612 0.541 0 100.0% 328 0.2% 0.426 0.67 1 100.0% 396 0.7% 0.66 0.509 0 99.9% 224 1.0% 0.46 0.645 1 100.1% 132 1.1% 0.219 0.827 0 100.0% 72 2.5% 0.477 0.633 1 100.0% 22 1.5% 0.22 0.826 0 99.9% 39 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.1% 0.218 0.827 0 99.9% 432 0.1% 0.515 0.606 0 100.0% 658 0.5% 0.707 0.479 0 100.0% 234 0.7% 1.177 0.239 3 100.0% 288 nces, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, 0.2% 0.218 0.828 0 100.0% 150 0.1% 0.39 0.697 0 100.0% 850 0.6% 0.641 0.522 0 100.0% 310 0.6% 1.166 0.244 3 99.9% 308 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 329 0.1% 0.32 0.749 0 100.0% 271 0.2% 0.297 0.766 0 100.0% 311 0.4% 1.172 0.241 3 100.0% 700 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 291 0.3% 1.239 0.215 3 100.0% 1,148 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how 0.0% . . 0 100.1% 167 0.3% 0.397 0.691 0 100.0% 234 0.7% 0.772 0.44 0 100.0% 267 0.7% 0.88 0.379 2 100.0% 150 0.1% 0.313 0.754 0 100.0% 940 0.1% 0.217 0.828 0 100.0% 185 0.7% 0.627 0.531 0 100.1% 210 0.8% 1.049 0.294 3 100.0% 282 0.2% 0.359 0.72 0 100.0% 654 2.3% 0.315 0.752 0 100.0% 13 4.0% 0.48 0.631 0 100.0% 30 1.4% 0.874 0.382 2 99.9% 126 presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing 0.2% 0.359 0.72 0 100.0% 652 3.6% 0.388 0.698 0 100.0% 30 1.3% 0.974 0.33 2 100.1% 140 0.2% 0.747 0.455 0 100.0% 692 1.0% 0.966 0.334 2 99.9% 132 o 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work 0.3% 0.301 0.764 0 100.0% 136 0.6% 0.561 0.575 1 100.0% 134 0.6% 0.63 0.528 1 99.9% 205 0.5% 0.794 0.427 0 100.0% 347 1.3% 0.54 0.589 0 100.0% 62 0.4% 0.962 0.336 1 100.0% 322 0.3% 0.481 0.63 1 100.1% 234 0.5% 0.393 0.694 0 100.0% 204 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.1% 1.067 0.286 2 56.0% 995 0.1% 0.817 0.414 1 44.1% 623 er of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or 0.2% 1.083 0.279 2 70.6% 710 0.1% 0.489 0.625 0 29.4% 285 in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a o jobs, other. 0 36.2% 254 1 63.8% 369 0.0% 0.391 0.696 0 9.3% 61 0.1% 0.218 0.828 0 25.1% 181 0.2% 0.974 0.33 2 59.1% 433 0.0% . . 0 6.5% 35 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 1 1.1% 0.968 0.333 2 100.0% 144 0.4% 0.63 0.528 0 99.9% 425 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 109 0.2% 0.219 0.827 0 99.9% 143 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 18 0.4% 0.975 0.33 2 99.9% 468 0.5% 0.389 0.697 0 100.1% 61 0.2% 0.273 0.785 206 100.1% 412 0.7% 0.315 0.753 34 100.0% 68 0.0% . . 2 4 0.0% . . 0 100.1% 149 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 235 1.5% 0.732 0.464 0 100.0% 135 0.4% 1.025 0.306 2 100.0% 297 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 6 0.8% 1.214 0.225 2 100.1% 269 0.1% 0.272 0.786 0 100.0% 533 2.7% 0.23 0.818 0 100.0% 9 2.4% 0.215 0.83 0 99.9% 10 0.3% 0.328 0.743 0 100.1% 310 2.3% 0.821 0.412 2 100.0% 38 0.8% 0.498 0.618 0 100.1% 116 0.3% 0.42 0.675 0 100.0% 189 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 21 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 13 All adults (ag (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 15.4% 2.8% 5.417 0 108 42.6% 3.2% 13.442 Yes 12.8% 1.8% 7.258 0 179 39.7% 2.4% 16.221 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 13.5% 1.7% 8.202 0 286 40.5% 1.9% 21.677 Private 5.5% 16.2% 0.338 0.735 0 48.5% 37.5% 1.293 Other 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 13.5% 1.7% 8.15 0 273 40.4% 1.9% 21.766 Yes 13.7% 4.6% 2.951 0.003 14 42.0% 6.8% 6.195 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t No 13.70% 1.70% 8.108 0 286 40.50% 1.90% 21.12 Yes 4.60% 5.90% 0.786 0.432 1 41.60% 13.10% 3.184 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 13.10% 1.50% 8.441 0 241 39.90% 2.00% 20.429 Yes 17.20% 4.50% 3.845 0 46 45.30% 6.80% 6.709 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 13.90% 1.70% 8.033 0 269 40.20% 1.90% 21.152 Yes 8.40% 3.20% 2.669 0.008 18 44.00% 6.50% 6.738 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 32.0% 5.0% 6.459 0 29.6% 2.7% 10.78 0 Yes 68.0% 5.0% 13.717 0 70.4% 2.7% 25.692 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 99.8% 0.5% 197.388 0 99.6% 0.4% 222.146 0 Private 0.2% 0.5% 0.317 0.751 0.4% 0.4% 0.967 0.333 Other 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 94.6% 1.8% 52.152 0 94.5% 1.1% 88.156 0 Yes 5.4% 1.8% 2.957 0.003 5.5% 1.1% 5.111 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills t the formal educational system)? No 99.40% 0.80% 117.635 0 98.20% 0.70% 139.066 0 Yes 0.60% 0.80% 0.718 0.473 1.80% 0.70% 2.488 0.013 Total 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of so No 86.30% 3.00% 28.763 0 87.90% 2.00% 43.285 0 Yes 13.70% 3.00% 4.561 0 12.10% 2.00% 5.94 0 Total 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a forma No 95.50% 1.70% 56.768 0 92.20% 1.30% 69.329 0 Yes 4.50% 1.70% 2.655 0.008 7.80% 1.30% 5.838 0 Total 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 15.1% 2.5% 6.04 0 110 39.8% 2.9% 13.689 Female 12.1% 1.6% 7.715 0 177 41.1% 2.2% 19.011 Age 15-24 10.1% 2.7% 3.793 0 29 42.5% 4.6% 9.206 25-34 11.1% 2.4% 4.601 0 53 38.5% 4.2% 9.216 35-44 17.0% 3.7% 4.544 0 46 40.3% 4.4% 9.073 45-54 13.7% 2.9% 4.641 0 63 42.3% 3.6% 11.817 55+ 15.8% 2.3% 6.754 0 96 39.4% 3.4% 11.686 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 27.4% 5.6% 4.869 0 68 37.4% 5.3% 7.028 Secondary 12.3% 1.8% 7.045 0 142 42.4% 2.8% 15.138 Tertiary 10.2% 2.1% 4.823 0 61 38.7% 3.2% 12.139 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 29.1% 6.8% 4.253 0 57 38.5% 5.7% 6.792 Secondary 11.9% 2.0% 5.949 0 127 39.3% 2.4% 16.157 Tertiary 9.9% 2.2% 4.502 0 56 41.1% 3.5% 11.599 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the Low SES 17.5% 3.4% 5.217 0 74 38.5% 4.7% 8.204 Middle SES 12.3% 1.8% 7.014 0 165 39.4% 2.3% 17.145 High SES 11.7% 3.4% 3.457 0.001 35 44.4% 4.5% 9.757 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural c No shocks 12.8% 1.7% 7.623 0 219 39.4% 2.0% 19.62 One shock 15.1% 3.5% 4.298 0 40 44.6% 4.5% 10.032 Two or more shocks 18.7% 8.0% 2.327 0.02 22 42.6% 10.2% 4.171 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 12.9% 1.9% 6.689 0 143 41.3% 2.4% 17.229 Yes 14.7% 2.2% 6.792 0 144 39.2% 3.1% 12.642 Household Asset Index Low 16.0% 2.3% 6.848 0 135 41.5% 2.9% 14.339 Medium 15.1% 2.9% 5.274 0 100 42.4% 3.4% 12.582 High 9.3% 2.3% 3.985 0 52 37.5% 3.6% 10.435 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 0 22.7% 8.6% 2.638 0.008 16 36.1% 10.0% 3.609 1 30.4% 9.6% 3.167 0.002 11 44.8% 10.3% 4.37 2 18.8% 6.2% 3.034 0.002 22 42.2% 8.6% 4.919 3 15.6% 3.3% 4.774 0 28 41.6% 5.8% 7.199 4 13.7% 3.8% 3.62 0 20 41.6% 5.6% 7.479 5 15.0% 3.4% 4.35 0 63 43.3% 4.1% 10.564 6 10.9% 3.2% 3.425 0.001 22 42.0% 5.7% 7.383 7 7.1% 2.2% 3.208 0.001 26 40.6% 4.8% 8.468 8 10.7% 2.8% 3.767 0 32 34.5% 4.6% 7.44 9 11.5% 6.2% 1.859 0.063 14 37.1% 7.3% 5.101 10 21.6% 7.6% 2.843 0.004 29 39.7% 9.6% 4.133 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 52.4% 4.9% 10.719 0 46.1% 2.8% 16.514 0 Female 47.6% 4.9% 9.753 0 53.9% 2.8% 19.301 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 12.6% 3.0% 4.233 0 17.7% 2.1% 8.589 0 25-34 19.7% 3.7% 5.333 0 22.7% 2.5% 9.188 0 35-44 25.2% 4.7% 5.388 0 19.9% 2.3% 8.82 0 45-54 20.8% 3.9% 5.325 0 21.5% 2.1% 10.228 0 55+ 21.7% 3.1% 7.11 0 18.1% 1.7% 10.743 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 22.9% 5.0% 4.578 0 10.2% 1.4% 7.035 0 Secondary 47.7% 5.1% 9.304 0 53.5% 3.1% 17.165 0 Tertiary 29.4% 4.8% 6.106 0 36.4% 3.1% 11.555 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 21.1% 5.3% 3.953 0 8.9% 1.4% 6.361 0 Secondary 50.4% 6.1% 8.204 0 53.1% 3.1% 17.053 0 Tertiary 28.5% 5.5% 5.178 0 38.0% 3.2% 11.755 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 23.6% 4.4% 5.419 0 16.9% 2.3% 7.344 0 Middle SES 60.0% 4.6% 12.95 0 62.7% 2.5% 24.825 0 High SES 16.4% 4.1% 4.006 0 20.4% 2.5% 8.138 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks suc member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family b catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 75.0% 4.7% 16.001 0 77.1% 2.4% 32.222 0 One shock 17.6% 3.5% 5.057 0 17.3% 1.8% 9.478 0 Two or more shocks 7.4% 3.4% 2.198 0.028 5.6% 1.7% 3.38 0.001 Total 100.0% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hep No 60.0% 4.4% 13.786 0 64.3% 2.8% 22.695 0 Yes 40.0% 4.4% 9.184 0 35.7% 2.8% 12.581 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 39.6% 5.7% 6.908 0 34.2% 3.3% 10.301 0 Medium 37.8% 6.3% 6.027 0 35.3% 3.3% 10.67 0 High 22.6% 5.1% 4.452 0 30.5% 3.5% 8.699 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatis 0 4.1% 1.7% 2.483 0.013 2.2% 0.6% 3.388 0.001 1 5.8% 2.1% 2.729 0.006 2.8% 0.8% 3.715 0 2 5.7% 1.9% 2.944 0.003 4.3% 1.0% 4.443 0 3 8.9% 2.2% 4.043 0 7.9% 1.2% 6.465 0 4 8.9% 2.5% 3.508 0 8.9% 1.5% 5.976 0 5 21.6% 4.3% 5.056 0 20.9% 2.4% 8.65 0 6 9.0% 2.4% 3.725 0 11.5% 1.7% 6.761 0 7 9.3% 2.7% 3.49 0 17.5% 2.1% 8.47 0 8 10.6% 2.4% 4.391 0 11.4% 1.6% 6.988 0 9 6.0% 3.4% 1.753 0.08 6.4% 1.3% 4.843 0 10 10.0% 3.5% 2.85 0.004 6.2% 1.8% 3.469 0.001 Total 99.9% 100.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 21.1% 3.1% 6.916 0 130 40.8% 3.2% 12.651 low 12.4% 2.0% 6.339 0 120 42.2% 2.5% 17.103 medium 7.1% 2.0% 3.514 0 21 35.5% 5.9% 6.063 high 6.1% 2.1% 2.905 0.004 11 36.0% 6.2% 5.808 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc skill not used 17.4% 3.6% 4.837 0 45 48.4% 5.1% 9.549 low 19.8% 3.0% 6.499 0 144 44.5% 2.9% 15.325 medium 8.7% 2.0% 4.259 0 77 37.5% 3.2% 11.682 high 9.9% 3.2% 3.114 0.002 20 34.3% 4.2% 8.127 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 25.5% 4.7% 5.393 0 63 43.5% 5.6% 7.823 low 13.2% 2.2% 5.996 0 118 40.5% 2.8% 14.441 medium 10.9% 2.7% 4.036 0 43 38.5% 4.5% 8.634 high 10.0% 2.1% 4.668 0 54 39.3% 3.5% 11.347 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest docum skill not used 41.7% 4.6% 9.163 0 26.9% 2.3% 11.619 0 low 47.7% 4.7% 10.108 0 54.3% 2.7% 20.199 0 medium 6.9% 1.7% 3.994 0 11.6% 1.9% 6.144 0 high 3.7% 1.2% 2.981 0.003 7.3% 1.5% 4.986 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the followin calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use a etc.? skill not used 14.5% 3.2% 4.488 0 13.6% 2.1% 6.474 0 low 48.2% 5.5% 8.801 0 36.3% 2.6% 14.153 0 medium 24.3% 4.8% 5.074 0 35.2% 3.1% 11.299 0 high 13.0% 4.0% 3.213 0.001 15.0% 2.1% 7.248 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size skill not used 23.1% 4.1% 5.681 0 13.2% 2.2% 5.995 0 low 42.0% 5.6% 7.563 0 42.8% 3.0% 14.056 0 medium 14.9% 3.1% 4.815 0 17.7% 2.2% 8.203 0 high 19.9% 3.6% 5.477 0 26.3% 2.8% 9.514 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 8 0.0% 0.0% . Yes 12.9% 1.6% 8.293 0 279 40.9% 1.9% 21.816 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 5.8% 3.3% 1.757 0.079 0.0% 0.0% . . Yes 94.2% 3.3% 28.681 0 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 19.1% 3.9% 4.905 0 57 44.2% 5.1% 8.744 low 15.6% 3.6% 4.365 0 42 37.3% 4.6% 8.097 medium 4.8% 2.2% 2.177 0.029 17 35.7% 4.2% 8.52 high 9.5% 3.9% 2.464 0.014 12 37.5% 7.2% 5.179 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 18.4% 2.2% 8.285 0 163 43.7% 2.7% 15.921 low 14.0% 3.9% 3.611 0 24 40.6% 6.1% 6.64 medium 8.0% 2.9% 2.753 0.006 22 41.9% 5.4% 7.792 high 11.4% 2.6% 4.446 0 77 37.6% 3.1% 11.942 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 15.1% 2.3% 6.444 0 115 41.4% 2.8% 14.663 low 8.2% 6.5% 1.278 0.201 2 31.1% 15.8% 1.971 medium 1.5% 1.9% 0.794 0.427 1 33.1% 8.3% 4.007 high 9.8% 3.2% 3.092 0.002 27 34.7% 4.0% 8.693 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; mana skill not used 15.2% 2.4% 6.441 0 115 41.4% 2.8% 14.577 low 12.3% 5.3% 2.339 0.019 14 32.7% 6.2% 5.258 medium 6.0% 2.2% 2.7 0.007 14 34.1% 4.3% 7.942 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 14.9% 2.3% 6.37 0 122 38.4% 2.5% 15.071 no 6.2% 2.4% 2.617 0.009 23 37.2% 4.2% 8.824 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 12.8% 3.1% 4.148 0 55 39.3% 3.9% 10.197 low 5.1% 4.6% 1.103 0.27 6 52.5% 9.3% 5.637 medium 17.9% 5.7% 3.121 0.002 27 39.4% 6.1% 6.405 high 10.7% 2.4% 4.42 0 57 35.3% 3.0% 11.643 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 5.3% 2.2% 2.44 0.015 11 30.1% 5.7% 5.299 low 11.9% 3.0% 3.957 0 47 38.1% 3.4% 11.062 medium 11.3% 3.4% 3.321 0.001 35 41.8% 5.2% 8.083 high 16.1% 3.9% 4.12 0 52 39.7% 4.4% 9.05 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help fr how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of th skill not used 38.6% 6.9% 5.634 0 27.3% 3.2% 8.565 0 low 36.0% 6.7% 5.387 0 26.3% 3.0% 8.781 0 medium 14.4% 5.9% 2.424 0.015 33.0% 3.7% 8.912 0 high 11.1% 4.2% 2.632 0.008 13.5% 2.9% 4.576 0 Total 100.1% 100.1% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 46.8% 4.6% 10.149 0 37.1% 2.6% 14.548 0 low 7.1% 2.2% 3.222 0.001 6.8% 1.3% 5.362 0 medium 8.1% 3.0% 2.68 0.007 14.2% 2.1% 6.865 0 high 37.9% 5.6% 6.712 0 41.8% 2.9% 14.251 0 Total 99.9% 99.9% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 71.1% 6.7% 10.604 0 62.2% 3.3% 18.62 0 low 2.5% 2.0% 1.227 0.22 3.0% 1.8% 1.718 0.086 medium 0.8% 1.1% 0.756 0.45 5.6% 1.6% 3.573 0 high 25.6% 6.7% 3.801 0 29.1% 3.2% 9.079 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or oth computer networks? skill not used 71.9% 6.7% 10.67 0 62.9% 3.4% 18.761 0 low 15.0% 5.9% 2.527 0.012 12.9% 2.8% 4.638 0 medium 13.1% 4.4% 3.001 0.003 24.2% 3.0% 8.073 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 85.5% 5.0% 17.155 0 71.4% 3.2% 22.068 0 no 14.5% 5.0% 2.903 0.004 28.6% 3.2% 8.852 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, stu is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 32.7% 7.2% 4.52 0 32.1% 3.2% 10.121 0 low 2.5% 2.3% 1.123 0.261 8.4% 1.9% 4.418 0 medium 25.4% 7.5% 3.38 0.001 17.9% 2.9% 6.133 0 high 39.4% 7.0% 5.63 0 41.6% 3.2% 12.848 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 skill not used 5.3% 2.1% 2.492 0.013 9.8% 1.9% 5.051 0 low 35.2% 7.2% 4.921 0 36.1% 3.2% 11.297 0 medium 18.2% 5.4% 3.34 0.001 21.5% 3.0% 7.078 0 high 41.3% 7.0% 5.86 0 32.6% 3.3% 9.824 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.641items)0.079 33.324 - 2.708 0.034 80.400 - different 0.070 Conscientiousness (average of 32.872 items) 41.112 - 2.980 0.030 97.945 - Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.064 46.552 2.961 - 3.101 0.033 94.206 - Emotional Stability (average of 3 items) 30.910 different0.083 2.570 - 2.547 0.037 69.722 - 2.843 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.095 29.815 - 2.918 0.033 87.745 - Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.672 0.080 33.234 - 2.786 0.034 81.764 - 3.013 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.070 42.849 - 3.101 0.035 88.251 - Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items) 0.067 28.079 1.887 - 1.809 0.041 43.616 - (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 8.3% 0.014 6.11 0 151 25.9% 0.016 15.713 Yes 5.2% 0.007 6.96 0 136 14.6% 0.011 13.708 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cas company, an NGO or any other individual? Employed 11.2% 0.018 6.261 0 137 33.7% 0.021 15.905 Unemployed 1.3% 0.006 2.031 0.042 14 5.0% 0.01 4.963 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, hous which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do n Inactive not in education 13.2% 0.018 7.326 0 125 33.1% 0.026 12.936 Inactive and in education 2.5% 0.01 2.474 0.013 11 10.9% 0.019 5.824 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 0.7% 0.005 1.25 0.211 4 1.9% 0.009 2.057 Self-employed 1.2% 0.006 2.189 0.029 14 2.5% 0.006 4.471 Wage worker 10.3% 0.016 6.311 0 117 33.4% 0.023 14.328 Unpaid family worker/other 0.3% 0.002 1.3 0.194 2 0.0% 0 0.218 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 29.6% 26.5% 1.115 0.265 2 62.2% 27.0% 2.304 9.3% 2.8% 3.379 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians0.001 35 33.7% 3.3% 10.137 Low skilled white collar 11.9% 3.2% 3.653 0 28 40.9% 5.4% 7.544 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and3.9% 16.3% machine4.219 operator and assemblers 0 45 41.2% 4.4% 9.264 Elementary occupations 20.9% 5.2% 4.042 0 27 46.0% 6.7% 6.839 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 12.2% 1.9% 6.328 0 119 38.3% 2.5% 15.216 Yes 13.4% 10.0% 1.336 0.182 4 38.6% 16.0% 2.413 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 17.9% 6.1% 2.91 0.004 15 34.9% 7.2% 4.851 2-5 9.9% 10.2% 0.975 0.33 2 37.2% 16.1% 2.307 DS 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 13.8% 22.0% 0.627 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 13.9% 11.7% 1.185 0.236 8 34.6% 12.3% 2.812 Yes, with constraints 31.6% 16.0% 1.976 0.048 2 32.1% 15.3% 2.095 Yes, no constraints 8.2% 5.0% 1.651 0.099 7 35.9% 9.4% 3.808 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 13.2% 3.5% 3.742 0 39 42.5% 6.2% 6.909 Somewhat useful 8.4% 2.9% 2.903 0.004 19 37.2% 5.9% 6.325 Moderately useful 10.4% 2.7% 3.843 0 32 37.1% 4.7% 7.898 Very useful 11.9% 3.3% 3.655 0 42 37.0% 3.8% 9.62 60.8% Respondent without formal schooling 16.2% 3.766 0 10 30.7% 13.8% 2.228 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 11.1% 2.3% 4.721 0 69 36.1% 2.9% 12.461 Over or underqualified for job 13.0% 2.6% 4.985 0 67 41.2% 3.8% 10.813 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 14.4% center Sought job through the state employment 9.1% 1.575 0.115 3 47.8% 14.0% 3.419 9.4% agency Sought job through private employment 11.0% 0.852 0.394 1 0.0% 0.0% . 3.1% Through university/school career office 6.3% 0.491 0.624 0 36.0% 17.5% 2.064 Asked relatives or friends 12.3% 2.2% 5.503 0 81 39.5% 3.6% 11.066 Employer contacted you 9.8% 6.5% 1.517 0.129 4 37.1% 11.3% 3.269 Contacted employers directly 31.8% 15.8% 2.01 0.044 10 35.8% 13.5% 2.65 By starting own business/farm 10.3% 4.1% 2.498 0.012 8 39.0% 6.5% 6.03 11.1% with Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 5.3% 2.082 0.037 2 30.0% 9.2% 3.275 Other 8.2% 6.1% 1.344 0.179 0 55.1% 22.6% 2.436 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 1.3% 1.6% 0.827 0.408 0.9% 0.7% 1.268 0.205 34.1% 7.5% 4.528 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 40.9% 3.5% 11.572 0 Low skilled white collar 17.5% 5.0% 3.489 0 20.0% 3.2% 6.332 0 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and6.9% 33.9% machine4.928 operator and assemblers 0 28.5% 3.2% 8.766 0 Elementary occupations 13.2% 3.3% 3.95 0 9.7% 1.8% 5.462 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 94.2% 4.4% 21.286 0 94.6% 2.6% 36.116 0 Yes 5.8% 4.4% 1.303 0.193 5.4% 2.6% 2.067 0.039 Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 81.9% 15.0% 5.453 0 67.2% 12.7% 5.301 0 2-5 18.1% 15.0% 1.207 0.228 31.1% 12.5% 2.479 0.013 DS 0.0% 0.0% . . 1.7% 2.8% 0.592 0.554 Total 100.0% 100.0% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 34.6% 16.7% 2.072 0.038 62.1% 9.4% 6.625 0 Yes, with constraints 18.5% 15.4% 1.206 0.228 19.2% 7.3% 2.639 0.008 Yes, no constraints 46.8% 19.0% 2.468 0.014 18.7% 8.7% 2.147 0.032 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 16.1% 4.3% 3.74 0 16.8% 2.7% 6.292 0 Somewhat useful 12.3% 4.2% 2.908 0.004 17.6% 2.9% 5.972 0 Moderately useful 20.7% 5.4% 3.836 0 23.9% 3.0% 8.023 0 Very useful 39.6% 8.1% 4.872 0 40.0% 3.4% 11.642 0 11.3% Respondent without formal schooling 6.3% 1.781 0.075 1.8% 0.7% 2.45 0.014 Total 100.0% 100.1% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someon Correct qualification for job 57.7% 7.1% 8.151 0 58.5% 3.6% 16.272 0 Over or underqualified for job 42.3% 7.1% 5.985 0 41.5% 3.6% 11.555 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 2.5% Sought job through the state employment 1.6% 1.509 0.131 2.6% 1.0% 2.55 0.011 0.1% Sought job through private employment 0.1% 0.989 0.323 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.2% Through university/school career office 0.5% 0.482 0.63 0.9% 0.4% 1.945 0.052 Asked relatives or friends 53.6% 7.4% 7.212 0 54.3% 3.6% 15.015 0 Employer contacted you 2.7% 1.8% 1.541 0.123 3.3% 1.1% 2.969 0.003 Contacted employers directly 12.6% 5.0% 2.515 0.012 15.1% 2.9% 5.274 0 By starting own business/farm 7.5% 3.3% 2.263 0.024 6.4% 2.3% 2.797 0.005 0.9% Job obtained after training/apprentices 0.7% 1.301 0.193 1.9% 1.0% 1.802 0.072 Other 19.9% 6.4% 3.123 0.002 15.6% 2.8% 5.664 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% All adults (ages 15-64) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 341 35.5% 3.1% 11.388 0 252 6.5% 1.9% 3.365 0.001 0 630 41.5% 2.5% 16.369 0 666 6.1% 1.2% 5.011 0 0 969 39.8% 2.1% 19.008 0 915 6.2% 1.1% 5.776 0 0.196 2 44.3% 34.1% 1.299 0.194 3 1.8% 4.7% 0.379 0.705 . 1 70.0% 50.7% 1.382 0.167 1 30.0% 50.7% 0.592 0.554 el that you started? 0 920 39.9% 2.2% 18.096 0 879 6.2% 1.1% 5.518 0 0 52 37.5% 7.2% 5.228 0 40 6.8% 4.7% 1.454 0.146 ated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 0 957 39.60% 2.10% 18.451 0 894 6.20% 1.10% 5.63 0 0.001 15 49.20% 13.40% 3.657 0 25 4.60% 4.60% 1.008 0.314 tting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 853 40.80% 2.10% 19.064 0 850 6.20% 1.20% 5.313 0 0 119 31.20% 5.80% 5.419 0 69 6.30% 2.50% 2.557 0.011 d and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 0 902 39.70% 2.10% 18.486 0 862 6.10% 1.10% 5.473 0 0 70 40.50% 7.50% 5.397 0 58 7.10% 5.20% 1.351 0.177 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 25.0% 2.6% 9.773 0 29.2% 7.2% 4.089 0 75.0% 2.6% 29.252 0 70.8% 7.2% 9.894 0 100.0% 100.0% 99.6% 0.4% 238.902 0 99.9% 0.3% 369.624 0 0.4% 0.4% 0.924 0.356 0.1% 0.3% 0.401 0.689 0.0% 0.0% 0.717 0.474 0.0% 0.1% 0.395 0.693 100.0% 100.0% el that you started? 95.0% 1.2% 80.275 0 94.2% 4.1% 22.873 0 5.0% 1.2% 4.21 0 5.8% 4.1% 1.414 0.157 100.0% 100.0% ated training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of 97.90% 0.70% 141.337 0 98.70% 1.40% 69.242 0 2.10% 0.70% 3.045 0.002 1.30% 1.40% 0.927 0.354 100% 100% tting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 91.50% 1.90% 49.12 0 89.00% 4.30% 20.826 0 8.50% 1.90% 4.535 0 11.00% 4.30% 2.566 0.01 100% 100% d and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 92.70% 1.60% 57.445 0 91.90% 6.00% 15.285 0 7.30% 1.60% 4.5 0 8.10% 6.00% 1.35 0.177 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 340 38.8% 3.1% 12.508 0 287 6.3% 1.7% 3.777 0 0 632 40.6% 2.3% 18.055 0 633 6.1% 1.1% 5.507 0 0 153 42.0% 4.5% 9.415 0 140 5.4% 1.6% 3.409 0.001 0 191 44.6% 4.2% 10.683 0 221 5.8% 1.8% 3.261 0.001 0 166 36.0% 4.3% 8.359 0 163 6.7% 2.1% 3.161 0.002 0 202 37.2% 4.9% 7.601 0 174 6.8% 2.6% 2.668 0.008 0 260 38.5% 3.7% 10.441 0 222 6.3% 2.1% 2.95 0.003 0 131 29.4% 5.5% 5.38 0 80 5.7% 3.8% 1.518 0.129 0 538 39.4% 2.9% 13.413 0 467 6.0% 1.6% 3.631 0 0 278 44.3% 3.2% 13.665 0 363 6.8% 1.6% 4.286 0 0 93 27.2% 6.8% 4.019 0 60 5.3% 4.0% 1.325 0.185 0 484 41.9% 2.6% 16.135 0 484 6.8% 1.8% 3.809 0 0 277 42.7% 3.7% 11.674 0 308 6.4% 1.6% 3.982 0 le, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0 179 38.4% 5.6% 6.865 0 145 5.6% 2.5% 2.266 0.023 0 596 41.5% 2.4% 17.626 0 590 6.8% 1.3% 5.215 0 0 159 38.2% 4.0% 9.641 0 173 5.7% 2.0% 2.849 0.004 orsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alc rought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 0 737 41.3% 2.3% 18.029 0 742 6.5% 1.2% 5.287 0 0 166 35.4% 4.9% 7.261 0 128 4.8% 2.2% 2.17 0.03 0 56 32.6% 6.3% 5.177 0 43 6.1% 2.7% 2.294 0.022 sease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 590 39.5% 2.4% 16.534 0 553 6.4% 1.1% 5.965 0 0 380 40.2% 3.3% 12.346 0 365 5.9% 2.1% 2.799 0.005 0 401 36.5% 3.2% 11.578 0 303 6.0% 1.7% 3.565 0 0 347 36.1% 3.7% 9.795 0 322 6.4% 1.7% 3.823 0 0 224 46.9% 4.2% 11.168 0 295 6.3% 2.1% 3.03 0.002 ale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0 26 33.5% 12.8% 2.62 0.009 20 7.7% 11.0% 0.701 0.484 0 37 20.8% 9.5% 2.192 0.028 12 4.0% 5.1% 0.78 0.435 0 58 32.9% 7.7% 4.259 0 32 6.1% 4.9% 1.249 0.212 0 96 39.3% 6.5% 6.061 0 77 3.6% 2.6% 1.374 0.17 0 81 40.3% 6.0% 6.664 0 64 4.4% 3.4% 1.288 0.198 0 211 35.9% 3.8% 9.342 0 176 5.9% 1.8% 3.195 0.001 0 106 40.6% 5.6% 7.273 0 103 6.5% 2.8% 2.3 0.021 0 124 43.8% 4.4% 9.882 0 158 8.5% 2.9% 2.867 0.004 0 113 47.1% 4.2% 11.211 0 153 7.8% 2.1% 3.758 0 0 58 44.8% 7.5% 5.932 0 71 6.6% 3.5% 1.866 0.062 0 49 34.9% 7.1% 4.925 0 46 3.8% 2.5% 1.519 0.129 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 45.8% 2.5% 18.535 0 47.5% 7.4% 6.411 0 54.2% 2.5% 21.929 0 52.5% 7.4% 7.088 0 100.0% 100.0% 17.8% 2.1% 8.696 0 14.6% 4.0% 3.65 0 26.7% 2.5% 10.802 0 22.5% 5.9% 3.784 0 18.1% 2.2% 8.287 0 21.5% 6.0% 3.588 0 19.3% 2.5% 7.684 0 22.6% 7.2% 3.152 0.002 18.0% 2.0% 8.851 0 18.9% 5.8% 3.258 0.001 99.9% 100.1% 8.1% 1.7% 4.766 0 10.3% 6.9% 1.48 0.139 50.0% 3.2% 15.762 0 48.3% 10.1% 4.79 0 41.9% 2.9% 14.431 0 41.5% 7.1% 5.862 0 100.0% 100.1% 6.1% 1.6% 3.793 0 7.6% 5.9% 1.291 0.197 55.3% 2.8% 19.708 0 56.1% 9.2% 6.082 0 38.6% 2.9% 13.474 0 36.3% 7.5% 4.839 0 100.0% 100.0% le, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 16.8% 2.4% 7.1 0 15.3% 6.0% 2.553 0.011 65.7% 2.8% 23.861 0 68.0% 7.3% 9.301 0 17.5% 2.2% 7.815 0 16.6% 5.6% 2.999 0.003 100.0% 99.9% orsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural 81.7% 2.2% 37.201 0 82.7% 5.8% 14.32 0 13.9% 1.9% 7.224 0 12.0% 5.1% 2.361 0.018 4.4% 1.0% 4.539 0 5.3% 2.2% 2.424 0.015 100.0% 100.0% sease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 62.7% 2.7% 22.835 0 65.2% 8.7% 7.492 0 37.3% 2.7% 13.581 0 34.8% 8.7% 3.996 0 100.0% 100.0% 30.6% 3.4% 8.947 0 31.9% 7.5% 4.262 0 30.6% 3.5% 8.69 0 34.8% 9.1% 3.834 0 38.8% 4.2% 9.28 0 33.3% 8.2% 4.067 0 100.0% 100.0% ale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 2.0% 1.0% 2.054 0.04 3.0% 4.6% 0.656 0.512 1.3% 0.6% 2.07 0.038 1.6% 2.0% 0.791 0.429 3.4% 0.9% 3.571 0 3.9% 2.9% 1.34 0.18 7.5% 1.4% 5.345 0 4.3% 3.0% 1.428 0.153 8.7% 1.7% 5.155 0 6.1% 4.9% 1.254 0.21 17.5% 1.9% 9.204 0 18.2% 5.0% 3.657 0 11.3% 1.8% 6.231 0 11.5% 4.8% 2.398 0.017 19.1% 2.2% 8.836 0 23.5% 7.1% 3.288 0.001 15.8% 1.9% 8.489 0 16.8% 5.0% 3.323 0.001 7.9% 1.5% 5.107 0 7.3% 3.5% 2.06 0.039 5.5% 1.4% 4.078 0 3.8% 2.4% 1.576 0.115 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 266 33.0% 3.8% 8.594 0 199 5.1% 2.1% 2.375 0.018 0 511 39.0% 2.7% 14.295 0 473 6.4% 1.5% 4.349 0 0 109 51.0% 5.5% 9.332 0 138 6.4% 2.4% 2.652 0.008 0 74 50.4% 6.6% 7.691 0 89 7.5% 3.4% 2.205 0.027 ve you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, d a, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 0 129 31.3% 5.0% 6.212 0 91 2.8% 1.4% 2.018 0.044 0 390 31.0% 2.8% 11.159 0 275 4.7% 1.7% 2.772 0.006 0 317 45.9% 3.3% 13.831 0 384 7.9% 1.7% 4.55 0 0 133 48.4% 4.8% 10.006 0 165 7.4% 2.1% 3.483 0 st 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0 140 27.6% 4.5% 6.163 0 93 3.4% 1.5% 2.294 0.022 0 385 40.2% 3.2% 12.576 0 365 6.1% 1.7% 3.665 0 0 167 42.8% 4.3% 10.022 0 172 7.9% 2.4% 3.23 0.001 0 244 43.9% 3.3% 13.282 0 269 6.8% 2.0% 3.327 0.001 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 22.0% 2.6% 8.305 0 21.6% 7.6% 2.831 0.005 50.8% 3.2% 15.761 0 54.7% 9.3% 5.88 0 16.9% 2.4% 6.998 0 13.8% 5.0% 2.743 0.006 10.3% 1.9% 5.496 0 9.9% 4.4% 2.238 0.025 100.0% 100.0% ve you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, 8.9% 1.7% 5.364 0 5.2% 2.5% 2.05 0.04 25.7% 2.4% 10.554 0 24.7% 7.0% 3.508 0 43.9% 3.0% 14.697 0 49.0% 8.6% 5.717 0 21.5% 2.4% 9.037 0 21.1% 5.3% 3.974 0 100.0% 100.0% st 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 8.4% 1.5% 5.633 0 6.6% 2.8% 2.37 0.018 42.6% 3.2% 13.258 0 41.0% 8.3% 4.973 0 19.7% 2.4% 8.236 0 23.5% 7.0% 3.349 0.001 29.3% 2.6% 11.349 0 28.8% 7.1% 4.034 0 100.0% 99.9% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 972 40.1% 2.1% 19.223 0 919 6.2% 1.1% 5.757 0 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, ho 0 153 30.7% 5.0% 6.157 0 98 6.1% 3.1% 1.972 0.049 0 137 40.4% 4.6% 8.768 0 157 6.8% 2.0% 3.377 0.001 0 158 52.1% 4.9% 10.581 0 213 7.4% 2.7% 2.744 0.006 0 59 43.6% 6.9% 6.321 0 75 9.3% 3.2% 2.891 0.004 0 452 33.3% 3.0% 11.144 0 315 4.6% 1.7% 2.719 0.007 0 61 37.7% 5.8% 6.529 0 68 7.6% 3.1% 2.457 0.014 0 119 43.8% 5.1% 8.636 0 127 6.4% 3.2% 2.011 0.044 0 339 43.8% 3.0% 14.803 0 409 7.2% 1.4% 5.026 0 0 376 37.5% 3.2% 11.646 0 302 5.9% 2.1% 2.871 0.004 0.049 11 50.3% 16.6% 3.036 0.002 19 10.3% 6.7% 1.535 0.125 0 21 59.4% 8.6% 6.915 0 56 6.0% 4.0% 1.513 0.13 0 146 47.0% 4.5% 10.477 0 215 8.5% 2.7% 3.172 0.002 s and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing software programming; managing computer networks? 0 373 37.5% 3.2% 11.578 0 301 5.9% 2.1% 2.846 0.004 0 58 46.3% 7.1% 6.511 0 90 8.7% 4.0% 2.167 0.03 0 116 51.6% 4.3% 12.079 0 200 8.4% 2.4% 3.439 0.001 0 411 40.6% 2.8% 14.316 0 406 6.1% 1.5% 3.914 0 0 138 47.4% 4.6% 10.332 0 179 9.2% 3.0% 3.05 0.002 example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the w 0 186 41.2% 4.6% 8.921 0 175 6.7% 2.7% 2.495 0.013 0 37 35.7% 7.7% 4.618 0 26 6.8% 4.3% 1.571 0.116 0 95 38.0% 6.1% 6.238 0 77 4.8% 2.1% 2.231 0.026 0 236 46.0% 3.2% 14.459 0 314 7.9% 2.0% 4.003 0 anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0 66 52.7% 6.9% 7.625 0 108 11.8% 3.5% 3.394 0.001 0 207 43.5% 3.6% 12.064 0 242 6.6% 1.8% 3.634 0 0 109 40.2% 5.6% 7.222 0 105 6.8% 3.2% 2.144 0.032 0 173 38.6% 5.1% 7.576 0 136 5.5% 2.7% 2.02 0.043 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out equire at least 30 minutes of thinking? 17.0% 2.8% 6.085 0 19.8% 8.2% 2.407 0.016 25.6% 3.1% 8.38 0 25.7% 6.8% 3.75 0 43.2% 3.6% 12.054 0 36.2% 10.3% 3.534 0 14.1% 2.8% 5.049 0 18.3% 6.8% 2.703 0.007 99.9% 100.0% 28.8% 2.8% 10.355 0 25.3% 7.6% 3.336 0.001 6.5% 1.1% 5.72 0 8.4% 3.3% 2.548 0.011 15.1% 1.9% 7.945 0 14.1% 6.1% 2.293 0.022 49.7% 2.7% 18.736 0 52.3% 7.9% 6.644 0 100.1% 100.1% 50.9% 3.6% 14.258 0 48.8% 10.8% 4.523 0 4.4% 1.7% 2.512 0.012 5.6% 3.5% 1.585 0.113 9.1% 1.9% 4.717 0 5.7% 3.7% 1.56 0.119 35.6% 3.4% 10.615 0 39.9% 11.5% 3.459 0.001 100.0% 100.0% s and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, ign); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing 50.9% 3.6% 14.125 0 48.4% 10.8% 4.498 0 16.3% 2.9% 5.689 0 18.5% 7.3% 2.534 0.011 32.8% 3.1% 10.62 0 33.1% 10.2% 3.236 0.001 100.0% 100.0% 67.5% 3.0% 22.256 0 61.4% 9.9% 6.19 0 32.5% 3.0% 10.737 0 39% 10% 3.891 0 100.0% 100.0% example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 e other than co- workers) 30.4% 3.3% 9.066 0 30.1% 8.9% 3.364 0.001 5.2% 1.3% 3.893 0 6.2% 4.6% 1.372 0.17 15.5% 2.2% 7.057 0 12.2% 5.6% 2.191 0.028 49.0% 3.3% 15.033 0 51.5% 8.1% 6.351 0 100.1% 100.0% anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 15.5% 2.4% 6.548 0 21.6% 6.9% 3.148 0.002 37.2% 2.9% 12.641 0 34.8% 8.7% 3.999 0 18.7% 2.9% 6.523 0 19.0% 7.0% 2.697 0.007 28.6% 3.6% 8.041 0 24.7% 9.8% 2.518 0.012 100.0% 100.1% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.652 0.036 73.371 - 2.574 0.106 24.379 - 3.013 0.028 ###### - 3.073 0.072 42.713 - 3.149 0.028 ###### - 3.191 0.075 42.838 - 2.604 0.039 66.095 - 2.687 0.109 24.570 - 2.915 0.029 99.826 - 2.885 0.076 38.171 - 2.748 0.039 70.637 - 2.766 0.101 27.361 - 3.150 0.030 ###### - 3.202 0.083 38.354 - 1.759 0.037 47.491 - 1.702 0.072 23.540 - Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value nd a salaried or wage job? 0 573 28.0% 0.018 15.992 0 614 4.6% 0.008 5.679 0 0 397 11.8% 0.011 11.195 0 304 1.6% 0.005 3.381 0.001 n hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise 0 497 38.0% 0.024 15.547 0 554 6.3% 0.012 5.349 0 0 76 3.9% 0.009 4.177 0 60 0.6% 0.005 1.121 0.262 e past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have foun for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 0 318 25.2% 0.023 10.886 0 241 3.6% 0.012 2.99 0.003 0 79 10.3% 0.017 5.982 0 63 1.3% 0.006 2.1 0.036 0.04 15 2.0% 0.009 2.268 0.023 18 0.4% 0.003 1.332 0.183 0 40 3.4% 0.007 4.657 0 41 0.7% 0.004 1.704 0.088 0 442 37.2% 0.024 15.394 0 495 6.0% 0.012 5.054 0 0.827 0 0.0% 0. . 0 0.0% 0. . Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.021 4 8.2% 11.4% 0.718 0.473 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 205 47.7% 3.7% 13.021 0 302 9.3% 2.2% 4.215 0 0 95 41.0% 5.3% 7.724 0 102 6.2% 2.5% 2.54 0.011 0 137 38.0% 5.1% 7.385 0 105 4.5% 2.4% 1.866 0.062 0 55 28.3% 6.7% 4.241 0 43 4.8% 4.1% 1.187 0.235 you set it up or took it over? 0 442 42.7% 2.7% 15.796 0 495 6.8% 1.3% 5.076 0 0.016 15 39.9% 14.7% 2.717 0.007 18 8.2% 6.0% 1.369 0.171 0 41 39.6% 7.9% 4.993 0 38 7.6% 4.7% 1.609 0.108 0.021 8 42.9% 13.0% 3.292 0.001 15 10.0% 7.0% 1.435 0.151 0.531 3 73.7% 30.1% 2.453 0.014 2 12.5% 19.6% 0.639 0.523 0.005 36 46.4% 13.8% 3.371 0.001 37 5.1% 5.4% 0.933 0.351 0.036 15 35.2% 14.9% 2.353 0.019 10 1.2% 3.2% 0.357 0.721 0 4 43.6% 10.1% 4.296 0 12 12.3% 6.6% 1.857 0.063 0 99 37.9% 6.9% 5.498 0 70 6.4% 2.4% 2.719 0.007 0 80 46.3% 5.9% 7.837 0 93 8.0% 3.6% 2.224 0.026 0 118 45.5% 5.1% 8.908 0 142 7.0% 2.7% 2.573 0.01 0 222 43.9% 3.7% 11.909 0 278 7.2% 1.7% 4.12 0 0.026 11 6.3% 5.5% 1.152 0.249 2 2.1% 2.7% 0.775 0.438 uld be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0 313 45.3% 3.1% 14.796 0 378 7.5% 1.7% 4.419 0 0 213 39.5% 4.0% 9.937 0 203 6.3% 2.8% 2.261 0.024 0.001 17 30.8% 11.9% 2.581 0.01 11 7.0% 6.3% 1.121 0.262 . 0 69.5% 38.2% 1.819 0.069 1 21.1% 37.4% 0.565 0.572 0.039 7 55.2% 18.0% 3.068 0.002 8 5.6% 9.5% 0.593 0.553 0 253 41.0% 3.7% 11.078 0 268 7.1% 1.9% 3.692 0 0.001 18 45.6% 11.7% 3.89 0 21 7.6% 7.0% 1.087 0.277 0.008 79 26.0% 13.7% 1.899 0.058 96 6.4% 9.4% 0.68 0.497 0 27 44.0% 6.2% 7.07 0 38 6.8% 2.6% 2.676 0.007 0.001 9 47.1% 9.8% 4.796 0 7 11.8% 6.3% 1.872 0.061 0.015 2 35.1% 22.1% 1.585 0.113 0 1.6% 3.9% 0.417 0.677 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.1% 0.1% 0.725 0.469 0.0% 0.0% . . 52.6% 3.5% 14.897 0 61.6% 10.3% 5.995 0 18.1% 2.3% 7.88 0 16.6% 6.1% 2.741 0.006 23.8% 3.1% 7.633 0 16.4% 7.8% 2.098 0.036 5.4% 1.4% 3.854 0 5.4% 4.3% 1.253 0.21 100.0% 100.0% you set it up or took it over? 95.0% 2.1% 44.337 0 93.7% 4.3% 21.612 0 5.0% 2.1% 2.341 0.019 6.3% 4.3% 1.453 0.146 100.0% 100.0% 62.1% 9.8% 6.356 0 57.6% 22.6% 2.548 0.011 30.1% 8.9% 3.37 0.001 36.6% 21.8% 1.675 0.094 7.8% 6.3% 1.243 0.214 5.8% 9.3% 0.628 0.53 100.0% 100.0% 62.0% 10.5% 5.881 0 84.4% 15.8% 5.331 0 20.8% 7.4% 2.817 0.005 12.1% 12.6% 0.955 0.339 17.2% 7.5% 2.296 0.022 3.5% 9.7% 0.36 0.719 13.1% 2.8% 4.716 0 13.7% 4.9% 2.776 0.005 19.2% 3.0% 6.282 0 20.0% 7.3% 2.73 0.006 25.8% 3.0% 8.549 0 23.9% 7.8% 3.074 0.002 41.6% 3.4% 12.149 0 41.8% 8.6% 4.845 0 0.3% 0.3% 1.233 0.217 0.7% 0.8% 0.81 0.418 100.0% 100.1% uld be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 64.8% 3.2% 20.041 0 66.1% 11.2% 5.883 0 35.2% 3.2% 10.876 0 33.9% 11.2% 3.013 0.003 100.0% 100.0% 1.5% 0.6% 2.359 0.018 2.1% 1.9% 1.075 0.282 0.2% 0.2% 0.976 0.329 0.3% 0.6% 0.458 0.647 1.2% 0.6% 1.853 0.064 0.8% 1.5% 0.503 0.615 49.6% 3.6% 13.751 0 52.5% 9.1% 5.797 0 3.5% 1.2% 2.91 0.004 3.6% 3.3% 1.096 0.273 15.0% 2.5% 6.098 0 14.3% 5.5% 2.59 0.01 8.8% 2.2% 3.949 0 13.4% 6.6% 2.02 0.043 1.1% 0.8% 1.358 0.174 0.3% 0.7% 0.409 0.683 19.1% 2.6% 7.441 0 12.8% 5.6% 2.307 0.021 100.0% 100.1% (1) Skills Acquisition History /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo 41 100.0% 742 No 10.00% 4.60% 2.151 0.031 6 108 100.1% 1,583 Yes 11.00% 3.00% 3.67 0 31 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade 150 100.0% 2,320.00 Public 10.80% 2.60% 4.114 0 37 0 100.1% 5 Private 13.30% 32.70% 0.408 0.683 0 0 100.0% 2 Other 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educationa 143 100.0% 2,215.00 No 10.50% 2.60% 4.017 0 33 7 100.0% 113 Yes 16.80% 11.40% 1.474 0.141 4 Participation in training nal system)? Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor 148 100.0% 2,285.00 No 10.90% 2.60% 4.18 0 37 2 100.0% 43 Yes 1.80% 5.60% 0.319 0.75 0 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo 136 100.0% 2,080.00 No 10.70% 2.60% 4.045 0 35 14 100.0% 248 Yes 13.30% 9.50% 1.4 0.162 2 Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula 141 99.9% 2,174.00 No 11.10% 2.60% 4.2 0 36 9 100.0% 155 Yes 6.70% 8.00% 0.844 0.399 1 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Mo No 15.90% 7.20% 2.203 0.028 20.20% Yes 84.10% 7.20% 11.647 0 79.80% Total 100% 100% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade Public 99.00% 3.20% 30.884 0 98.50% Private 1.00% 3.20% 0.321 0.748 1.50% Other 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% Total 100% 100% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educationa No 92.60% 4.90% 18.739 0 95.30% Yes 7.40% 4.90% 1.505 0.132 4.70% Total 100% 100% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as wor of the formal educational system)? No 99.80% 0.50% 198.838 0 99.10% Yes 0.20% 0.50% 0.315 0.753 0.90% Total 100% 100% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a wo No 92.20% 5.50% 16.872 0 95.80% Yes 7.80% 5.50% 1.436 0.151 4.20% Total 100% 100% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particula No 97.20% 3.40% 28.584 0 92.60% Yes 2.80% 3.40% 0.834 0.404 7.40% Total 100% 100% (2) Background Conditions /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Gender 48 100.0% 785 Male 10.60% 3.40% 3.137 0.002 19 102 99.9% 1,544.00 Female 11.10% 3.90% 2.88 0.004 18 Age 21 100.0% 343 15-24 10.10% 2.70% 3.791 0 29 33 100.0% 498 25- 15.90% 6.50% 2.444 0.015 8 26 100.0% 401 37 100.0% 476 33 100.0% 611 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 15 99.9% 294 Primary or Less 83.80% 20.40% 4.103 0 3 73 100.1% 1,220.00 Secondary 8.90% 3.20% 2.807 0.005 14 60 100.0% 762 Tertiary 9.90% 3.40% 2.904 0.004 17 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 13 100.1% 223 Primary or Less 50.10% 33.50% 1.495 0.135 2 82 99.9% 1,177.00 Secondary 7.40% 2.90% 2.526 0.012 12 44 100.1% 685 Tertiary 12.20% 4.20% 2.936 0.003 15 Socioeconomic status at age 15 you were 15 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest 21 100.0% 419 Low SES 12.50% 5.90% 2.109 0.035 7 101 100.0% 1,452.00 Middle SES 8.30% 2.90% 2.815 0.005 21 26 100.0% 393 High SES 18.50% 7.50% 2.475 0.013 7 Household shocks before age 15 breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significan or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops 122 100.0% 1,820.00 No shocks 12.00% 2.90% 4.093 0 33 18 99.9% 352 One shock 8.20% 7.10% 1.158 0.247 3 8 100.0% 129 Two or more shocks 4.80% 6.50% 0.734 0.463 1 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hea 97 100.1% 1,383.00 No 10.00% 2.60% 3.886 0 28 52 100.0% 941 Yes 14.70% 7.80% 1.889 0.059 9 Household Asset Index 49 100.0% 888 Low 15.70% 4.50% 3.514 0 22 50 100.0% 819 Medium 8.50% 3.40% 2.456 0.014 10 51 100.0% 622 High 8.40% 5.50% 1.523 0.128 5 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 2 100.0% 64 0 28.80% 26.30% 1.097 0.273 1 3 100.0% 63 1 24.20% 42.70% 0.568 0.57 0 9 100.0% 121 2 17.70% 15.70% 1.124 0.261 1 9 100.1% 210 3 10.90% 8.20% 1.327 0.184 3 9 100.0% 174 4 19.10% 13.80% 1.379 0.168 1 30 100.1% 480 5 12.70% 5.10% 2.504 0.012 8 20 100.0% 251 6 3.60% 4.40% 0.836 0.403 1 29 100.0% 337 7 10.80% 5.60% 1.927 0.054 7 23 100.1% 321 8 6.60% 3.60% 1.83 0.067 4 10 100.0% 153 9 6.20% 5.00% 1.242 0.214 3 6 100.0% 130 10 22.20% 15.60% 1.424 0.154 7 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Gender Male 50.60% 11.90% 4.255 0 48.20% Female 49.40% 11.90% 4.147 0 51.80% Total 100.0% 100.0% Age 15-24 80.30% 7.50% 10.732 0 87.60% 25-34 19.70% 7.50% 2.63 0.009 12.40% ####### ####### Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 10.20% 8.80% 1.159 0.246 0.40% Secondary 34.10% 10.50% 3.242 0.001 43.30% Tertiary 55.80% 11.80% 4.737 0 56.30% Total 100.1% 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 6.90% 6.20% 1.119 0.263 1.50% Secondary 31.40% 10.70% 2.927 0.003 43.50% Tertiary 61.70% 11.60% 5.302 0 55.00% Total 100.0% 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest your family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 14.80% 7.20% 2.06 0.039 8.30% Middle SES 52.50% 11.10% 4.71 0 76.60% High SES 32.70% 11.50% 2.845 0.004 15.10% Total 100.0% 100.0% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significan household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 83.80% 11.00% 7.596 0 73.10% One shock 14.00% 10.50% 1.334 0.182 21.70% Two or more shocks 2.20% 2.90% 0.766 0.443 5.20% Total 100.0% 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, hea No 75.50% 10.70% 7.057 0 80.90% Yes 24.50% 10.70% 2.286 0.022 19.10% Total 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 48.90% 12.00% 4.089 0 34.60% Medium 26.00% 9.90% 2.626 0.009 35.20% High 25.10% 13.30% 1.888 0.059 30.10% Total 100.0% 99.9% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on 0 1.50% 1.60% 0.929 0.353 0.60% 1 1.00% 2.50% 0.401 0.688 0.70% 2 3.80% 3.60% 1.045 0.296 2.30% 3 5.10% 4.10% 1.224 0.221 3.60% 4 8.20% 6.30% 1.3 0.193 5.20% 5 17.00% 7.30% 2.339 0.019 14.30% 6 3.80% 4.60% 0.823 0.411 10.40% 7 25.10% 11.60% 2.169 0.03 27.40% 8 11.10% 5.60% 1.984 0.047 14.10% 9 5.40% 4.50% 1.191 0.234 10.10% 10 18.2% 11.4% 1.586 0.113 11.2% Total 100.2% 99.9% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w 27 100.0% 622 skill not used 13.30% 5.50% 2.422 0.015 12 84 100.0% 1,188.00 low 11.50% 4.10% 2.802 0.005 13 20 100.0% 288 medium 8.10% 4.40% 1.826 0.068 6 15 100.0% 189 high 9.20% 4.40% 2.068 0.039 6 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) ts, use or calculate fractions, decimals Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math s 8 99.9% 273 skill not used 21.40% 9.20% 2.327 0.02 7 34 100.0% 843 low 14.30% 5.20% 2.761 0.006 14 75 100.0% 853 medium 7.10% 5.10% 1.397 0.162 9 32 100.0% 350 high 9.10% 3.90% 2.317 0.02 7 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th 11 100.0% 307 skill not used 16.30% 7.30% 2.232 0.026 7 59 100.0% 927 low 8.80% 4.10% 2.13 0.033 12 32 100.1% 414 medium 12.10% 5.30% 2.263 0.024 8 45 100.0% 612 high 12.00% 4.30% 2.779 0.005 10 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, w skill not used 24.70% 9.70% 2.554 0.011 22.70% low 46.50% 11.70% 3.968 0 47.00% medium 15.20% 7.60% 1.987 0.047 17.40% high 13.60% 6.00% 2.255 0.024 12.90% Total 100.0% 100.0% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any o trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 19.60% 8.40% 2.34 0.019 10.60% low 30.10% 10.20% 2.947 0.003 21.30% medium 20.20% 12.00% 1.677 0.094 35.30% high 30.10% 11.00% 2.735 0.006 32.80% Total 100.0% 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over th skill not used 12.20% 5.80% 2.089 0.037 9.00% low 30.80% 10.70% 2.888 0.004 42.00% medium 20.50% 8.00% 2.55 0.011 16.40% high 36.60% 10.50% 3.472 0.001 32.60% Total 100.1% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 0 100.0% 8 No 100% 0.00% ####### 0 1 145 100.1% 2,315.00 Yes 10.80% 2.60% 4.174 0 36 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 0.80% 0.80% 0.979 0.328 0.00% Yes 99.20% 0.80% 122.691 0 100% Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) e done. As part of this work, how often Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 21 100.1% 329 skill not used 6.20% 5.20% 1.194 0.232 4 34 100.1% 370 low 20.50% 10.00% 2.053 0.04 5 26 100.0% 414 medium 2.60% 2.20% 1.138 0.255 2 19 99.9% 165 high 26.80% 14.10% 1.909 0.056 3 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 month 44 100.0% 974 skill not used 14.80% 7.50% 1.975 0.048 5 10 99.9% 163 low 8.90% 5.50% 1.636 0.102 4 22 100.1% 290 medium 6.80% 5.20% 1.296 0.195 3 74 100.0% 899 high 11.50% 3.30% 3.497 0 25 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 53 99.9% 846 skill not used 7.30% 4.10% 1.805 0.071 8 5 99.9% 37 low 25.60% 28.80% 0.888 0.374 1 8 100.0% 86 medium 6.20% 11.30% 0.551 0.582 1 36 100.0% 424 high 15.80% 7.40% 2.144 0.032 7 Type of software use at work (score) (such as powerpoint); designing Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis softw 52 100.0% 841 skill not used 7.30% 4.10% 1.805 0.071 8 19 100.0% 181 low 13.20% 8.80% 1.5 0.134 3 31 100.1% 361 medium 15.70% 8.50% 1.849 0.065 5 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers 67 100.0% 1,006.00 yes 11.30% 4.20% 2.681 0.007 15 35 100.0% 375 no 8.70% 7.60% 1.153 0.249 2 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) nt and 10 means much of the work Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 27 100.0% 443 skill not used 4.70% 4.00% 1.176 0.24 5 6 100.1% 75 low 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 10 100.1% 209 medium 19.80% 9.80% 2.028 0.043 5 59 99.9% 666 high 10.30% 5.10% 2.025 0.043 7 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift o 26 99.9% 211 skill not used 5.60% 5.40% 1.038 0.299 6 37 100.1% 533 low 13.40% 7.80% 1.723 0.085 2 18 100.1% 267 medium 6.00% 5.30% 1.12 0.263 7 21 99.9% 382 high 12.70% 6.40% 1.989 0.047 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right a out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tas skill not used 13.50% 10.80% 1.242 0.214 21.10% low 50.60% 18.30% 2.758 0.006 22.00% medium 9.40% 8.10% 1.164 0.244 43.80% high 26.60% 14.50% 1.83 0.067 13.00% Total 100.1% 99.9% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 month skill not used 7.80% 4.40% 1.781 0.075 6.60% low 4.80% 2.90% 1.658 0.097 7.80% medium 8.80% 6.90% 1.281 0.2 11.70% high 78.50% 8.40% 9.379 0 73.90% Total 99.9% 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 36.80% 17.30% 2.131 0.033 53.90% low 5.40% 6.70% 0.801 0.423 3.20% medium 4.50% 8.70% 0.515 0.607 7.50% high 53.40% 18.40% 2.904 0.004 35.40% Total 100.1% 100.0% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as m presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (c programming; managing computer networks? skill not used 38.10% 17.50% 2.18 0.029 57.90% low 17.80% 11.90% 1.492 0.136 14.70% medium 44.10% 19.00% 2.324 0.02 27.40% Total 100.0% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers yes 83.20% 14.20% 5.875 0 76.70% no 16.80% 14.20% 1.184 0.236 23.30% Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interactin skill not used 14.10% 11.80% 1.193 0.233 32.50% low 0.00% 0.00% . . 3.40% medium 48.00% 16.50% 2.909 0.004 25.50% high 37.90% 17.40% 2.173 0.03 38.60% Total 100.0% 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift o skill not used 8.50% 8.10% 1.043 0.297 9.40% low 42.60% 19.60% 2.178 0.029 36.70% medium 9.00% 8.00% 1.129 0.259 15.80% high 39.90% 16.40% 2.428 0.015 38.10% Total 100.0% 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.669items) 0.163 16.394 - 2.751 different0.110 Conscientiousness (average of 32.656 items) 24.048 - 2.817 Openness (average of 3 different items) 0.116 26.771 3.106 - 3.197 Emotional Stability (average of 3 different 2.565 items) 15.378 0.167 - 2.630 2.772 items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.150 18.474 - 2.887 Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.681 0.119 22.588 - 2.654 2.934 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.134 21.875 - 3.071 Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items)0.169 11.128 1.884 - 1.810 (6) Labor Market Outcomes /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way 100 67% 1,438.00 No 5.60% 1.70% 3.31 0.001 21 50 33% 887 Yes 5.30% 1.80% 2.903 0.004 16 Employment status e, a public or private enterprise or Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at lea company, an NGO or any other individual? 95 89% 1,283.00 Employed 8.70% 3.00% 2.886 0.004 16 5 11% 155 Unemployed 2.60% 1.40% 1.835 0.067 5 Educational status of inactive population do not want to work, have found a job Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work job which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer 39 75% 723 Inactive not in education 2.20% 1.10% 1.935 0.053 5 11 25% 164 Inactive and in education 8.30% 3.30% 2.499 0.012 11 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 2 5% 39 Employer 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 10 8% 105 Self-employed 1.70% 1.20% 1.519 0.129 1 83 87% 1,137.00 Wage worker 43.30% 6.90% 6.258 0 15 0 0% 2 /5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( 0 100.0% 6 13.70% 7.40% 1.847 0.065 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 7 59 100.0% 601 Low skilled white collar 5.10% 5.70% 0.88 0.379 2 16 100.0% 241 Crafts and related trades workers;9.20% Plant and 5.80% operator0.114 machine 1.58 4 and assemblers 14 100.0% 301 Elementary occupations 16.70% 11.40% 1.46 0.144 3 5 100.0% 130 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w 83 100.0% 1,139.00 No 10.80% 3.80% 2.829 0.005 15 2 100.1% 39 Yes 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 9 100.0% 103 myself only 10.90% 11.50% 0.943 0.346 1 1 100.0% 26 2-5 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 1 100.0% 6 DS 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? 10 100.0% 91 2 100.1% 29 0 100.0% 23 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 17 100.0% 225 Not useful at all 2.30% 2.30% 0.995 0.32 1 13 99.9% 205 Somewhat useful 4.10% 4.90% 0.837 0.403 2 24 100.0% 316 Moderately useful 11.80% 7.40% 1.584 0.113 5 45 100.0% 587 Very useful 17.50% 7.70% 2.278 0.023 9 2 99.9% 25 0.00% Respondent without formal schooling 0.00% . . 0 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you thin 64 100.0% 824 Correct qualification for job 13.90% 5.60% 2.472 0.013 11 36 100.0% 519 Over or underqualified for job 6.50% 3.90% 1.66 0.097 6 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 1 100.0% 32 Sought job through the state employment 0 0 . . 0 1 100.0% 3 Through university/school career office 0 0 . . 0 2 99.9% 17 Asked relatives or friends 0.095 0.046 2.064 0.039 10 43 99.9% 645 Employer contacted you 0.355 0.323 1.097 0.273 1 7 100.1% 50 Contacted employers directly 0 0 . . 0 17 100.0% 202 By starting own business/farm 0.239 0.232 1.03 0.303 1 9 100.1% 82 Job obtained after training/apprentices 0 0 . . 0 0 100.0% 18 Other 0.189 0.113 1.676 0.094 4 0 100.0% 2 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation ( 47.10% 18.70% 2.518 0.012 33.50% Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians Low skilled white collar 10.20% 11.50% 0.889 0.374 25.30% 24.80% Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and 13.90% machine operator0.075 1.782 28.40% and assemblers Elementary occupations 17.90% 12.30% 1.453 0.146 12.80% Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise w No 100% 0.00% ####### 0 99.70% Yes 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.30% Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 100% 0.00% . . 97.70% 2-5 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% DS 0.00% 0.00% . . 2.30% Total 100% 100% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 3.70% 3.70% 0.999 0.318 17.20% Somewhat useful 7.80% 8.80% 0.884 0.377 20.50% Moderately useful 25.10% 14.90% 1.684 0.092 25.80% Very useful 63.40% 19.20% 3.294 0.001 36.30% 0.00% 0.00% . Respondent without formal schooling . 0.20% Total 100% 100% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you thin Correct qualification for job 73.60% 15.40% 4.79 0 61.10% Over or underqualified for job 26.40% 15.40% 1.72 0.085 38.90% Total 100.0% 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 0.00% 0.00% Sought job through the state employment . . 0.20% office Through university/school career0.00% 0.00% . . 1.90% Asked relatives or friends 48.30% 19.50% 2.479 0.013 55.20% Employer contacted you 5.70% 7.10% 0.801 0.423 1.50% Contacted employers directly 0.00% 0.00% . . 14.40% By starting own business/farm 4.00% 4.60% 0.869 0.385 1.40% 0.00% 0.00% Job obtained after training/apprentices . . 7.10% Other 42.00% 20.50% 2.051 0.04 18.30% Total 100.0% 100.0% Youth (ages 15-24) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. ycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 49.60% 9.70% 5.108 0 41 38.30% 9.30% 4.133 0 21 2.20% 40.50% 5.20% 7.763 0 132 42.20% 5.00% 8.367 0 150 6.20% r highest education grade? 41.80% 4.30% 9.807 0 171 41.80% 4.40% 9.522 0 170 5.60% 80.00% 38.00% 2.107 0.035 2 6.70% 24.30% 0.275 0.783 0 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 70.00% 50.70% 1.382 0.167 1 30.00% ng the highest educational level that you started? 42.10% 4.20% 10.136 0 166 41.80% 4.40% 9.44 0 165 5.50% 41.10% 18.50% 2.22 0.026 7 37.00% 17.00% 2.175 0.03 6 5.10% ning courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educationa 42.10% 4.40% 9.604 0 170 41.40% 4.50% 9.279 0 167 5.60% 43.30% 27.70% 1.565 0.118 3 54.90% 28.10% 1.952 0.051 4 0.00% aining for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 43.00% 4.40% 9.688 0 166 41.30% 4.40% 9.323 0 161 5.00% 28.10% 14.50% 1.935 0.053 7 45.80% 16.50% 2.769 0.006 10 12.90% nt certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 40.80% 4.40% 9.225 0 165 42.50% 4.60% 9.338 0 166 5.60% 67.50% 15.80% 4.28 0 8 22.30% 13.30% 1.677 0.093 5 3.50% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 5.20% 3.892 0 15.80% 4.70% 3.328 0.001 7.00% 7.80% 0.897 0.369 5.20% 15.371 0 84.20% 4.70% 17.737 0 93.00% 7.80% 12.001 0 100% 100% r highest education grade? 1.30% 73.564 0 99.80% 0.50% 183.55 0 99.90% 0.40% 282.859 0 1.30% 1.115 0.265 0.10% 0.50% 0.22 0.826 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% . . 0.00% 0.10% 0.71 0.478 0.10% 0.40% 0.392 0.695 99.90% 100% ng the highest educational level that you started? 2.50% 38.787 0 95.70% 2.30% 41.961 0 95.30% 8.00% 11.932 0 2.50% 1.902 0.057 4.30% 2.30% 1.882 0.06 4.70% 8.00% 0.593 0.553 100% 100% ning courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part 0.70% 142.973 0 98.90% 0.70% 137.23 0 100% 0.00% ####### 0 0.70% 1.243 0.214 1.10% 0.70% 1.523 0.128 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% aining for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 2.20% 44.079 0 93.00% 3.80% 24.755 0 85.00% 11.90% 7.121 0 2.20% 1.949 0.051 7.00% 3.80% 1.876 0.061 15.00% 11.90% 1.259 0.208 100% 100% nt certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 3.00% 31.055 0 97.60% 1.50% 64.71 0 97.00% 5.20% 18.599 0 3.00% 2.49 0.013 2.40% 1.50% 1.624 0.104 3.00% 5.20% 0.571 0.568 100% 100% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 39.40% 6.50% 6.074 0 72 44.80% 6.60% 6.805 0 70 5.20% 45.00% 5.50% 8.216 0 101 38.10% 4.70% 8.023 0 101 5.80% 42.50% 4.60% 9.202 0 153 42.00% 4.50% 9.41 0 140 5.40% 39.20% 11.00% 3.567 0 20 38.30% 10.70% 3.595 0 31 6.60% 14.60% 21.00% 0.695 0.487 2 1.60% 5.50% 0.287 0.774 0 0.00% 45.40% 6.90% 6.612 0 73 38.90% 6.50% 5.974 0 58 6.80% 40.00% 5.30% 7.532 0 88 45.10% 5.50% 8.176 0 112 4.90% 41.60% 32.20% 1.291 0.197 2 8.30% 22.90% 0.362 0.717 0 0.00% 40.00% 6.60% 6.076 0 70 44.70% 6.90% 6.482 0 65 7.90% 42.60% 5.80% 7.307 0 70 40.80% 5.90% 6.922 0 80 4.40% T step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when y 28.00% 10.50% 2.672 0.008 15 52.10% 11.30% 4.602 0 24 7.30% 46.80% 5.80% 8.005 0 123 40.00% 5.50% 7.314 0 110 4.90% 33.60% 9.20% 3.641 0 30 40.70% 9.50% 4.28 0 34 7.10% ancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family br mily business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 40.50% 4.80% 8.48 0 116 41.80% 4.80% 8.659 0 122 5.70% 47.40% 10.80% 4.383 0 43 39.30% 10.00% 3.918 0 38 5.20% 41.90% 15.10% 2.77 0.006 11 48.90% 16.30% 2.993 0.003 10 4.40% etes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 41.60% 4.40% 9.441 0 142 42.30% 4.50% 9.503 0 145 6.10% 43.90% 10.70% 4.087 0 30 38.30% 10.20% 3.741 0 26 3.20% 43.00% 6.00% 7.157 0 69 38.20% 6.80% 5.591 0 49 3.10% 45.00% 6.70% 6.743 0 64 38.80% 6.40% 6.018 0 65 7.80% 38.20% 8.80% 4.318 0 40 47.70% 7.70% 6.173 0 57 5.70% s considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 48.70% 34.00% 1.433 0.152 2 22.40% 26.70% 0.84 0.401 1 0.00% 64.20% 45.80% 1.401 0.161 1 11.50% 20.00% 0.577 0.564 1 0.00% 42.90% 18.80% 2.283 0.022 9 32.20% 17.40% 1.858 0.063 3 7.20% 30.20% 12.80% 2.352 0.019 6 56.50% 15.00% 3.762 0 13 2.30% 47.70% 15.90% 2.991 0.003 11 29.20% 15.70% 1.855 0.064 5 4.10% 41.50% 9.90% 4.176 0 26 40.40% 9.50% 4.251 0 23 5.40% 39.40% 11.40% 3.449 0.001 24 49.10% 10.80% 4.563 0 21 7.90% 46.10% 11.20% 4.106 0 28 38.50% 11.00% 3.505 0 33 4.70% 32.10% 9.80% 3.263 0.001 30 53.30% 10.10% 5.305 0 40 8.00% 46.00% 12.70% 3.617 0 19 41.30% 11.70% 3.538 0 17 6.60% 51.80% 17.40% 2.973 0.003 14 24.00% 10.60% 2.255 0.024 12 2.10% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 6.20% 7.773 0 55.50% 5.50% 10.174 0 48.70% 16.90% 2.88 0.004 6.20% 8.348 0 44.50% 5.50% 8.146 0 51.30% 16.90% 3.038 0.002 100.0% 100.0% 4.10% 21.362 0 87.70% 3.60% 24.263 0 84.40% 10.20% 8.25 0 4.10% 3.031 0.002 12.30% 3.60% 3.406 0.001 15.60% 10.20% 1.52 0.129 ####### ####### 0.80% 0.586 0.558 0.00% 0.10% 0.317 0.751 0.00% 0.00% . . 6.10% 7.126 0 36.90% 5.80% 6.331 0 48.70% 14.70% 3.302 0.001 6.10% 9.271 0 63.10% 5.80% 10.849 0 51.30% 14.70% 3.48 0.001 100.0% 100.0% 1.50% 0.987 0.324 0.30% 0.90% 0.318 0.75 0.00% 0.00% . . 6.40% 6.828 0 47.90% 6.70% 7.124 0 60.60% 17.80% 3.411 0.001 6.40% 8.626 0 51.80% 6.70% 7.731 0 39.40% 17.80% 2.216 0.027 100.0% 100.0% T step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think 3.40% 2.468 0.014 15.60% 5.10% 3.062 0.002 16.40% 11.70% 1.401 0.161 5.50% 13.948 0 66.10% 6.20% 10.595 0 59.90% 14.60% 4.113 0 4.80% 3.127 0.002 18.30% 5.00% 3.695 0 23.70% 11.50% 2.069 0.039 100.0% 100.0% ancial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or r others. 5.50% 13.179 0 75.80% 5.30% 14.388 0 77.70% 11.60% 6.716 0 5.20% 4.142 0 18.00% 4.70% 3.841 0 18.10% 10.80% 1.678 0.093 2.20% 2.423 0.015 6.20% 2.90% 2.122 0.034 4.20% 5.10% 0.814 0.415 100.0% 100.0% etes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 5.60% 14.549 0 83.20% 4.70% 17.548 0 89.90% 14.10% 6.36 0 5.60% 3.439 0.001 16.80% 4.70% 3.553 0 10.10% 14.10% 0.714 0.475 100.0% 100.0% 5.80% 5.998 0 31.00% 5.70% 5.431 0 19.30% 10.20% 1.893 0.058 5.50% 6.394 0 30.80% 5.30% 5.846 0 46.70% 15.00% 3.11 0.002 7.00% 4.3 0 38.20% 6.30% 6.067 0 34.00% 14.10% 2.402 0.016 100.0% 100.0% s considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.50% 1.204 0.228 0.30% 0.40% 0.714 0.475 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.80% 0.776 0.438 0.10% 0.20% 0.638 0.523 0.00% 0.00% . . 1.20% 1.997 0.046 1.80% 1.10% 1.606 0.108 3.00% 3.80% 0.789 0.43 1.70% 2.135 0.033 6.80% 2.90% 2.325 0.02 2.20% 5.10% 0.429 0.668 2.30% 2.297 0.022 3.20% 1.80% 1.774 0.076 3.30% 4.10% 0.815 0.415 4.30% 3.31 0.001 13.90% 4.10% 3.408 0.001 14.00% 9.50% 1.468 0.142 3.50% 2.997 0.003 12.90% 4.00% 3.21 0.001 15.60% 13.30% 1.176 0.239 6.50% 4.249 0 23.00% 6.10% 3.76 0 20.80% 13.30% 1.564 0.118 4.50% 3.139 0.002 23.60% 5.40% 4.374 0 26.70% 12.10% 2.212 0.027 3.10% 3.221 0.001 9.10% 2.80% 3.291 0.001 10.90% 7.40% 1.467 0.142 5.2% 216.5% 0.03 5.2% 0.023 225.6% 2.4% 3.5% 0.053 0.664 0.507 99.9% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. ngs you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 46.60% 8.70% 5.38 0 45 37.90% 8.10% 4.674 0 36 2.20% 44.10% 6.20% 7.131 0 70 38.10% 6.40% 5.965 0 71 6.20% 35.00% 10.50% 3.344 0.001 30 51.70% 10.70% 4.839 0 30 5.20% 33.10% 8.80% 3.776 0 23 49.80% 10.20% 4.91 0 30 7.90% s over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or cost sion, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 45.00% 12.30% 3.667 0 17 32.80% 10.70% 3.083 0.002 16 0.80% 39.40% 8.30% 4.737 0 46 43.50% 8.20% 5.305 0 40 2.80% 47.00% 8.10% 5.776 0 52 38.10% 7.10% 5.352 0 60 7.80% 38.80% 6.90% 5.626 0 57 45.90% 7.00% 6.589 0 54 6.20% ngs you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 44.90% 10.60% 4.226 0 18 36.00% 11.20% 3.202 0.001 18 2.80% 44.40% 7.40% 5.972 0 60 42.30% 8.00% 5.309 0 60 4.50% 36.50% 10.60% 3.426 0.001 32 45.40% 11.50% 3.941 0 33 6.10% 39.80% 6.70% 5.915 0 56 41.20% 7.00% 5.908 0 57 7.00% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value ngs you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 4.70% 4.837 0 17.60% 3.90% 4.479 0 8.10% 7.80% 1.048 0.295 6.10% 7.761 0 39.00% 6.30% 6.192 0 49.80% 16.00% 3.116 0.002 5.10% 3.432 0.001 24.80% 6.20% 4.025 0 19.70% 13.60% 1.446 0.148 3.70% 3.484 0 18.60% 4.80% 3.894 0 22.40% 14.30% 1.564 0.118 100.0% 100.0% s over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., rcentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, 3.50% 2.983 0.003 7.80% 2.90% 2.707 0.007 1.50% 3.30% 0.441 0.66 4.60% 4.609 0 23.80% 5.00% 4.772 0 11.70% 12.20% 0.956 0.339 6.10% 5.821 0 29.00% 4.90% 5.88 0 45.90% 14.50% 3.157 0.002 5.70% 5.769 0 39.30% 5.70% 6.956 0 40.90% 17.80% 2.296 0.022 99.9% 100.0% ngs you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 2.80% 3.157 0.002 7.10% 2.60% 2.698 0.007 4.10% 5.70% 0.721 0.471 6.70% 6.229 0 39.50% 6.70% 5.858 0 32.00% 15.10% 2.118 0.034 4.70% 3.465 0.001 20.20% 5.40% 3.711 0 21.00% 11.80% 1.78 0.075 6.20% 5.25 0 33.30% 6.40% 5.18 0 42.90% 18.20% 2.359 0.018 100.1% 100.0% ment Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 0.00% 42.10% 4.30% 9.751 0 173 41.60% 4.40% 9.436 0 171 5.50% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.00% . . 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% 0.00% . . 0.00% ####### 0 100% 0.00% ####### 0 100% 0.00% ####### 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. sy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be utes of thinking? 34.10% 11.90% 2.872 0.004 14 50.50% 13.40% 3.764 0 18 9.20% 33.00% 11.50% 2.855 0.004 13 41.20% 13.30% 3.108 0.002 25 5.30% 42.40% 11.40% 3.727 0 23 52.20% 10.80% 4.851 0 33 2.90% 47.80% 20.20% 2.372 0.018 10 21.80% 15.50% 1.407 0.159 3 3.50% puter in the past 3 months? 48.30% 11.00% 4.376 0 22 34.90% 11.30% 3.097 0.002 12 2.10% 55.90% 13.90% 4.038 0 14 32.60% 12.90% 2.522 0.012 9 2.60% 35.50% 13.20% 2.693 0.007 20 51.00% 12.80% 3.998 0 29 6.70% 41.70% 5.00% 8.407 0 117 41.00% 4.60% 8.875 0 121 5.80% ou use a computer? 38.00% 8.70% 4.39 0 36 49.10% 9.20% 5.319 0 46 5.50% 58.40% 37.30% 1.566 0.117 1 16.00% 22.50% 0.712 0.476 1 0.00% 38.90% 20.80% 1.868 0.062 4 50.40% 21.30% 2.36 0.018 8 4.50% 37.40% 8.80% 4.26 0 23 42.10% 8.30% 5.047 0 31 4.70% n spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (s sis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer networks? 38.00% 8.70% 4.389 0 36 49.10% 9.20% 5.318 0 46 5.50% 38.00% 14.80% 2.558 0.011 10 42.30% 14.50% 2.916 0.004 10 6.50% 34.10% 10.20% 3.325 0.001 14 45.80% 10.20% 4.492 0 30 4.40% he work of other workers (supervise)? 37.20% 7.30% 5.112 0 50 46.40% 7.60% 6.092 0 70 5.10% 42.60% 13.30% 3.201 0.001 14 43.50% 14.40% 3.012 0.003 15 5.20% ple other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement s) 39.10% 11.20% 3.499 0 21 49.70% 12.20% 4.091 0 29 6.50% 41.70% 33.90% 1.232 0.218 1 53.10% 36.10% 1.469 0.142 3 5.20% 37.80% 13.80% 2.743 0.006 16 41.10% 13.40% 3.078 0.002 11 1.30% 37.20% 8.40% 4.449 0 26 46.00% 8.60% 5.371 0 44 6.60% ou regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 22.00% 11.60% 1.89 0.059 20 62.50% 12.60% 4.955 0 32 9.90% 41.50% 10.30% 4.039 0 12 41.80% 10.50% 3.973 0 18 3.30% 36.90% 13.30% 2.767 0.006 24 46.50% 12.40% 3.764 0 18 10.70% 43.10% 12.20% 3.545 0 42.20% 13.20% 3.199 0.001 2.00% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value sy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure ou have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 7.90% 2.657 0.008 26.30% 8.60% 3.076 0.002 43.80% 22.90% 1.914 0.056 7.70% 2.867 0.004 23.20% 7.80% 2.974 0.003 27.30% 20.40% 1.338 0.181 10.40% 4.196 0 45.50% 9.00% 5.066 0 21.50% 21.40% 1.006 0.314 6.40% 2.027 0.043 5.00% 3.70% 1.352 0.176 7.40% 10.00% 0.737 0.461 100.0% 100.0% puter in the past 3 months? 2.10% 3.151 0.002 4.80% 1.80% 2.657 0.008 2.20% 2.70% 0.824 0.41 3.10% 2.562 0.01 4.60% 2.10% 2.244 0.025 2.70% 3.60% 0.735 0.462 4.50% 2.595 0.009 17.00% 4.70% 3.614 0 16.50% 12.20% 1.352 0.176 5.50% 13.469 0 73.50% 5.30% 13.848 0 78.70% 12.80% 6.142 0 99.9% 100.1% ou use a computer? 9.00% 5.998 0 58.00% 7.80% 7.474 0 57.70% 23.60% 2.446 0.014 3.20% 1.021 0.307 0.80% 1.30% 0.598 0.55 0.00% 0.00% . . 4.80% 1.573 0.116 8.10% 4.00% 2.006 0.045 6.40% 15.00% 0.425 0.671 8.70% 4.07 0 33.10% 7.50% 4.437 0 35.90% 25.90% 1.388 0.165 100.0% 100.0% n spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 9.50% 6.098 0 58.30% 8.00% 7.332 0 56.00% 22.70% 2.464 0.014 7.20% 2.052 0.04 12.90% 5.80% 2.219 0.026 18.50% 18.60% 0.993 0.321 8.30% 3.314 0.001 28.80% 6.70% 4.305 0 25.50% 18.40% 1.388 0.165 100.0% 100.0% he work of other workers (supervise)? 8.60% 8.96 0 80.20% 7.20% 11.16 0 79.20% 19.10% 4.135 0 8.60% 2.714 0.007 19.80% 7.20% 2.761 0.006 19.80% 7.20% 2.761 0.006 100.0% 99.0% ple other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, lves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 9.00% 3.61 0 34.20% 8.40% 4.052 0 39.80% 23.70% 1.676 0.094 3.80% 0.91 0.363 3.30% 2.90% 1.136 0.256 3.00% 10.70% 0.282 0.778 8.30% 3.067 0.002 23.00% 7.80% 2.936 0.003 6.80% 12.50% 0.542 0.588 9.30% 4.146 0 39.50% 8.10% 4.887 0 50.40% 22.60% 2.235 0.025 100.0% 100.0% ou regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 5.10% 1.832 0.067 22.10% 6.70% 3.287 0.001 33.80% 23.70% 1.423 0.155 9.30% 3.965 0 30.50% 7.80% 3.887 0 20.90% 20.20% 1.037 0.3 6.70% 2.342 0.019 16.50% 5.40% 3.087 0.002 33.50% 22.40% 1.496 0.135 9.30% 4.099 0 30.80% 9.50% 3.263 0.001 11.80% 19.30% 0.612 0.54 99.9% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.072 38.212 - 2.683 0.076 35.492 - 2.667 0.223 11.955 - 0.053 53.409 - 2.855 0.056 50.639 - 2.885 0.147 19.572 - 0.059 54.635 - 3.161 0.047 66.925 - 3.334 0.134 24.917 - 0.067 39.047 - 2.710 0.078 34.944 - 2.872 0.177 16.214 - 0.073 39.648 - 2.865 0.065 43.779 - 2.902 0.192 15.107 - 0.069 38.370 - 2.614 0.084 31.287 - 2.579 0.228 11.313 - 0.069 44.771 - 3.083 0.060 51.322 - 3.254 0.177 18.428 - 0.063 28.680 - 1.768 0.071 24.931 - 1.659 0.184 9.037 - Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? 19.50% 3.10% 6.264 0 72 21.30% 3.40% 6.34 0 93 2.90% 22.70% 3.30% 6.921 0 100 20.20% 3.00% 6.825 0 77 2.50% ave you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example 30.90% 5.50% 5.647 0 57 37.10% 5.80% 6.422 0 77 4.20% 8.70% 3.20% 2.69 0.007 15 6.10% 2.50% 2.465 0.014 16 1.80% you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do ting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 8.90% 2.90% 3.097 0.002 23 6.90% 2.50% 2.786 0.005 18 0.80% 35.80% 5.20% 6.879 0 77 32.90% 4.90% 6.687 0 59 4.20% 0.50% 0.50% 0.941 0.347 0 10.30% 3.60% 2.819 0.005 1 0.10% 36.30% 6.60% 5.472 0 4 0.30% 0.40% 0.711 0.477 6 2.30% 0.00% 0.00% . . 53 0.30% 0.50% 0.599 0.549 70 4.90% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. what is your occupation (or job title)? 34.60% 9.80% 3.518 0 18 46.40% 10.00% 4.641 0 31 5.20% 43.20% 10.90% 3.955 0 16 44.00% 10.80% 4.061 0 26 7.70% 37.40% 14.80% 2.527 0.011 16 50.70% 16.10% 3.15 0.002 15 2.80% 41.40% 16.30% 2.542 0.011 7 35.70% 16.00% 2.24 0.025 6 6.20% own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 38.30% 7.00% 5.476 0 53 45.70% 7.20% 6.32 0 70 5.10% 30.00% 50.70% 0.592 0.554 0 70.00% 50.70% 1.382 0.167 1 0.00% 38.00% 20.40% 1.863 0.062 3 48.20% 21.70% 2.225 0.026 6 3.00% 10.00% 33.20% 0.302 0.763 0 60.00% 54.20% 1.108 0.268 1 30.00% 60.00% 54.20% 1.108 0.268 1 40.00% 54.20% 0.739 0.46 0 0.00% our business? tion for this work? 37.80% 13.70% 2.755 0.006 12 55.90% 14.70% 3.806 0 15 4.00% 37.30% 14.10% 2.644 0.008 13 48.70% 15.00% 3.243 0.001 13 9.90% 42.90% 14.40% 2.977 0.003 13 43.70% 12.60% 3.463 0.001 20 1.70% 36.10% 8.90% 4.035 0 24 41.30% 9.90% 4.187 0 37 5.10% 29.40% 37.30% 0.788 0.431 1 70.60% 37.30% 1.895 0.058 1 0.00% mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 41.30% 8.70% 4.731 0 38 40.50% 8.00% 5.069 0 47 4.30% 33.90% 8.10% 4.159 0 25 53.40% 9.20% 5.788 0 40 6.30% [occupation]? 0.4 0.542 0.739 0.46 0 0.6 0.542 1.108 0.268 1 0 0.638 0.439 1.452 0.146 2 0.362 0.439 0.825 0.41 1 0 0.377 0.089 4.211 0 31 0.463 0.088 5.231 0 44 0.066 0.348 0.283 1.231 0.218 1 0.251 0.259 0.972 0.331 2 0.045 0.477 0.171 2.788 0.005 10 0.504 0.171 2.947 0.003 10 0.019 0.291 0.328 0.887 0.375 1 0.393 0.348 1.129 0.259 2 0.077 0.774 0.387 2.001 0.045 2 0.226 0.387 0.584 0.559 1 0 0.292 0.155 1.885 0.059 10 0.475 0.155 3.056 0.002 16 0.045 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value what is your occupation (or job title)? 9.90% 3.388 0.001 37.30% 8.40% 4.413 0 37.50% 22.40% 1.676 0.094 7.70% 3.278 0.001 21.50% 6.20% 3.472 0.001 34.30% 22.50% 1.526 0.127 10.00% 2.845 0.004 32.10% 9.70% 3.298 0.001 14.60% 19.70% 0.738 0.461 6.30% 2.028 0.043 9.10% 4.80% 1.889 0.059 13.60% 20.80% 0.656 0.512 100.0% 100.0% own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 0.70% 137.095 0 99.40% 0.80% 121.744 0 100% 0.00% 8E+15 0 0.70% 0.398 0.691 0.60% 0.80% 0.705 0.481 0.00% 0.00% . . 100.0% 100.0% 2.60% 36.89 0 77.80% 20.90% 3.722 0.003 0.00% . . 22.20% 20.90% 1.059 0.312 2.60% 0.881 0.397 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% our business? tion for this work? 6.90% 2.479 0.013 21.00% 7.80% 2.686 0.007 14.00% 16.90% 0.829 0.407 7.30% 2.797 0.005 22.30% 7.80% 2.848 0.004 39.00% 25.90% 1.508 0.132 8.60% 2.985 0.003 22.00% 7.00% 3.15 0.002 7.30% 16.20% 0.451 0.652 9.40% 3.85 0 34.40% 7.80% 4.408 0 39.70% 22.50% 1.765 0.078 0.20% 0.681 0.496 0.30% 0.30% 0.922 0.357 0.00% 0.00% . . 100% 100% mal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 8.90% 6.84 0 49.50% 8.30% 5.991 0 46.90% 23.20% 2.023 0.043 8.90% 4.354 0 50.50% 8.30% 6.112 0 53.10% 23.20% 2.288 0.022 100.0% 100.0% [occupation]? 0.50% 0.476 0.634 0.30% 0.50% 0.625 0.532 0.00% 0.00% . . 2.00% 0.956 0.339 0.90% 1.40% 0.635 0.525 0.00% 0.00% . . 11.10% 4.977 0 56.90% 9.00% 6.294 0 69.60% 22.90% 3.038 0.002 1.40% 1.032 0.302 0.90% 0.90% 0.988 0.323 1.90% 4.80% 0.393 0.694 6.40% 2.245 0.025 12.80% 5.50% 2.304 0.021 5.00% 7.50% 0.658 0.511 1.80% 0.775 0.438 1.60% 1.70% 0.916 0.359 2.50% 6.10% 0.41 0.682 6.60% 1.079 0.281 1.70% 3.60% 0.476 0.634 0.00% 0.00% . . 10.00% 1.833 0.067 24.90% 8.30% 2.99 0.003 21.10% 20.80% 1.014 0.311 100.0% 100.1% Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 2.40% 0.915 0.36 3 100% 71 1.90% 3.295 0.001 23 100% 336 1.60% 3.547 0 26 100.0% 404 0.00% . . 0 100.0% 2 50.70% 0.592 0.554 0 100.0% 1 1.70% 3.232 0.001 24 100% 388 8.70% 0.587 0.557 2 100% 19 not part of the formal educational system)? 1.60% 3.544 0 26 100% 400 0.00% . . 0 100% 7 1.60% 3.183 0.001 24 100% 386 10.50% 1.224 0.221 2 100% 21 1.60% 3.436 0.001 25 100% 392 6.10% 0.569 0.569 1 100% 15 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 2.40% 2.149 0.032 13 100% 174 2.40% 2.457 0.014 13 100% 233 1.60% 3.407 0.001 21 100% 343 4.90% 1.347 0.178 5 100% 64 0.00% . . 0 100% 5 2.70% 2.503 0.012 12 100% 157 2.00% 2.473 0.013 14 100% 231 0.00% . . 0 100% 4 3.20% 2.435 0.015 16 100% 163 2.50% 1.778 0.075 8 100% 173 you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 5.50% 1.335 0.182 4 100% 50 1.90% 2.618 0.009 16 100% 270 4.10% 1.751 0.08 6 100% 77 a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol ement; or others. 1.90% 2.942 0.003 18 100% 289 3.30% 1.575 0.115 5 100% 89 5.30% 0.833 0.405 2 100% 24 1.80% 3.321 0.001 24 100% 339 4.60% 0.679 0.497 2 100% 67 1.70% 1.863 0.062 4 100% 144 3.00% 2.586 0.01 13 100% 152 3.10% 1.812 0.07 9 100% 111 0.00% . . 0 100% 0.00% . . 0 100% 4 8.80% 0.81 0.418 1 100% 2 5.40% 0.429 0.668 1 100% 14 5.00% 0.812 0.417 2 100% 23 3.80% 1.43 0.153 4 100% 19 7.00% 1.13 0.259 3 100% 61 3.50% 1.33 0.184 3 100% 49 3.90% 2.032 0.042 8 100% 71 4.70% 1.389 0.165 3 100% 82 3.10% 0.684 0.494 1 100% 42 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 2.10% 1.054 0.292 3 100% 96 2.70% 2.319 0.02 11 100% 165 3.90% 1.334 0.182 4 100% 70 6.00% 1.317 0.188 6 100% 65 nces, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, 1.90% 0.442 0.658 0 100.0% 40 3.00% 0.911 0.362 2 100.0% 102 3.30% 2.339 0.019 12 100.0% 133 3.20% 1.938 0.053 11 100.0% 129 3.90% 0.724 0.469 1 100% 44 2.50% 1.789 0.074 8 100% 140 3.40% 1.777 0.076 7 100% 80 3.90% 1.823 0.068 9 100% 132 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.00% . . 0 100% 1 1.60% 3.544 0 26 100% 406 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how 6.40% 1.435 0.151 4 100% 40 5.00% 1.055 0.291 4 100% 47 3.60% 0.789 0.43 0 100% 58 4.70% 0.751 0.453 1 100% 17 2.50% 0.839 0.402 2 100% 41 3.50% 0.732 0.464 1 100% 28 5.50% 1.214 0.225 5 100% 57 1.80% 3.15 0.002 18 100% 281 3.90% 1.423 0.155 5 100% 95 0.00% . . 0 100% 3 10.50% 0.424 0.672 0 100% 13 3.50% 1.346 0.178 4 100% 65 presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing 3.90% 1.423 0.155 5 100% 95 6.60% 0.985 0.324 1 100% 24 3.50% 1.272 0.203 3 100% 52 2.50% 2.016 0.044 9 100% 144 6.00% 0.872 0.383 0 100% 31 o 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work 5.30% 1.215 0.224 5 100% 60 17.30% 0.3 0.764 0 100% 4 2.50% 0.518 0.604 0 100% 32 4.20% 1.551 0.121 4 100% 81 6.90% 1.437 0.151 1 100% 59 4.00% 0.826 0.409 4 100% 36 8.50% 1.251 0.211 0 100% 49 4.00% 0.515 0.607 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.20% 2.412 0.016 10 49% 196 1.00% 2.465 0.014 16 51% 209 er of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or 2.00% 2.045 0.041 7 81% 157 1.50% 1.193 0.233 3 19% 39 in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a o jobs, other. 0.60% 1.269 0.204 5 19% 51 2.00% 2.098 0.036 11 81% 158 0.30% 0.4 0.689 0 11% 1 1.40% 1.649 0.099 0 41% 11 2.40% 1.999 0.046 7 49% 145 Level 4/5 Total SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 4.20% 1.234 0.217 2 100% 58 5.70% 1.343 0.179 2 100% 46 4.90% 0.574 0.566 2 100% 37 9.80% 0.629 0.529 1 100% 17 2.60% 1.996 0.046 7 100% 145 0.00% . . 0 100% 1 8.00% 0.374 0.709 10 100% 20 50.70% 0.592 0.554 1 100% 2 0.00% . . 1 2 5.40% 0.746 0.455 1 100% 29 9.30% 1.058 0.29 4 100% 32 3.80% 0.442 0.659 0 100% 38 2.90% 1.735 0.083 4 100% 74 0.00% . . 0 100% 2 3.10% 1.384 0.166 2 100% 98 4.30% 1.467 0.142 7 100% 78 0 . . 0 100% 1 0 . . 0 100% 3 0.042 1.564 0.118 6 100% 91 0.113 0.401 0.688 0 100% 4 0.026 0.755 0.45 1 100% 21 0.177 0.433 0.665 0 100% 4 0 . . 0 100% 3 0.049 0.902 0.367 0 100% 10 100% 1 All adults (ages (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 49.50% 2.70% 18.636 0 494 31.90% 2.50% 12.926 Yes 24.10% 1.50% 16.456 0 553 36.80% 1.50% 24.756 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 27.80% 3.10% 8.986 0 134 42.40% 3.20% 13.328 Private 12.40% 5.60% 2.219 0.026 6 39.10% 13.00% 3.007 Other 2.60% 5.70% 0.459 0.646 0 50.70% 21.00% 2.416 Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 24.40% 1.40% 17.667 0 638 37.50% 1.40% 26.552 Yes 60.00% 3.20% 19.012 0 391 27.40% 3.20% 8.446 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills trainin No 33.1% 1.6% 20.301 0 1,037 35.5% 1.4% 25.624 Yes 11.3% 3.0% 3.705 0 20 30.8% 6.2% 4.99 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someon No 29.6% 1.7% 17.24 0 728 35.0% 1.5% 23.463 Yes 39.5% 2.7% 14.454 0 329 36.2% 2.5% 14.227 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someon No 36.3% 1.9% 19.162 0 919 34.4% 1.5% 22.473 Yes 17.9% 1.9% 9.47 0 138 38.2% 2.5% 15.57 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? No 47.30% 2.30% 20.549 0 27.50% 2.20% 12.585 0 Yes 52.70% 2.30% 22.886 0 72.50% 2.20% 33.167 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 95.50% 2.00% 47.974 0 88.30% 3.40% 25.96 0 Private 4.20% 1.90% 2.164 0.03 8.00% 3.00% 2.699 0.007 Other 0.30% 0.70% 0.455 0.649 3.70% 1.90% 1.901 0.057 Total 100.0% 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational level that you started? No 61.70% 2.10% 29.231 0 84.40% 1.80% 45.96 0 Yes 38.30% 2.10% 18.142 0 15.60% 1.80% 8.468 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills trainin formal educational system)? No 98.20% 0.50% 189.241 0 95.40% 1.00% 97.002 0 Yes 1.80% 0.50% 3.565 0 4.60% 1.00% 4.656 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someon No 70.80% 2.00% 35.458 0 75.80% 1.80% 42.474 0 Yes 29.20% 2.00% 14.605 0 24.20% 1.80% 13.576 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal edu No 86.80% 1.50% 58.137 0 74.40% 1.90% 40.032 0 Yes 13.20% 1.50% 8.852 0 25.60% 1.90% 13.764 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (2) Background Conditions Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Gender Male 28.90% 1.90% 15.431 0 376 36.20% 2.20% 16.311 Female 34.10% 1.90% 17.814 0 681 34.70% 1.50% 23.147 Age 15-24 9.00% 1.50% 5.982 0 53 35.60% 2.30% 15.212 25-34 27.50% 2.80% 9.808 0 172 36.80% 2.90% 12.697 35-44 36.20% 2.50% 14.545 0 282 34.70% 2.60% 13.27 45-54 46.60% 3.10% 15.025 0 308 35.00% 2.70% 12.88 55+ 45.40% 3.60% 12.775 0 242 34.30% 3.30% 10.387 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 34.50% 1.90% 18.319 0 771 36.30% 1.80% 20.551 Secondary 10.90% 1.90% 5.769 0 57 36.30% 2.80% 12.973 Tertiary 8.70% 2.60% 3.309 0.001 10 28.50% 4.20% 6.75 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 36.30% 1.90% 18.781 0 676 35.60% 1.80% 19.54 Secondary 14.50% 1.70% 8.356 0 86 37.30% 2.50% 14.883 Tertiary 10.70% 2.00% 5.474 0 34 32.90% 3.30% 9.998 Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TEN Low SES 47.50% 2.70% 17.827 0 482 31.30% 2.20% 14.328 Middle SES 26.40% 1.80% 14.728 0 525 37.20% 1.80% 21.15 High SES 17.00% 2.90% 5.798 0 47 35.10% 4.30% 8.214 Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as t drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catast No shocks 26.60% 1.50% 18.204 0 624 35.80% 1.50% 23.746 One shock 39.10% 3.20% 12.068 0 202 35.00% 2.90% 12.123 Two or more shocks 50.10% 3.70% 13.455 0 228 33.40% 3.30% 10.223 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis No 28.4% 1.6% 18.211 0 727 35.7% 1.5% 24.508 Yes 44.6% 2.8% 15.93 0 330 34.0% 2.5% 13.39 Household Asset Index Low 45.70% 2.60% 17.702 0 555 33.30% 2.00% 16.502 Medium 30.90% 2.00% 15.724 0 327 36.00% 2.00% 18.379 High 19.30% 1.80% 10.923 0 175 36.60% 2.20% 16.296 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) 1 63.6% 15.6% 4.068 0 22 27.8% 16.1% 1.728 2 75.0% 13.6% 5.509 0 8 16.5% 12.6% 1.306 3 61.5% 7.4% 8.304 0 49 27.4% 8.0% 3.413 4 49.3% 4.6% 10.611 0 103 31.4% 4.6% 6.762 5 38.0% 2.3% 16.664 0 335 34.8% 2.4% 14.524 6 27.7% 2.6% 10.803 0 171 38.2% 2.5% 15.459 7 23.6% 2.5% 9.452 0 133 36.2% 2.9% 12.523 8 18.9% 2.3% 8.196 0 88 36.8% 3.0% 12.414 9 25.8% 4.3% 5.972 0 43 35.9% 5.0% 7.213 10 44.0% 4.8% 9.088 0 105 31.2% 4.7% 6.605 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 36.90% 1.80% 20.41 0 41.80% 2.00% 21.33 0 Female 63.10% 1.80% 34.96 0 58.20% 2.00% 29.694 0 Total 100% 100% Age 15-24 6.50% 1.00% 6.173 0 23.30% 1.80% 13.278 0 25-34 16.10% 1.60% 10.103 0 19.60% 1.60% 12.437 0 35-44 23.10% 1.60% 14.371 0 20.00% 1.60% 12.831 0 45-54 30.70% 2.10% 14.426 0 20.90% 1.70% 12.446 0 55+ 23.60% 1.80% 13.349 0 16.20% 1.60% 9.93 0 Total 100% 100% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 91.60% 1.20% 74.998 0 77.70% 1.80% 42.796 0 Secondary 6.80% 1.10% 6.053 0 18.20% 1.70% 10.842 0 Tertiary 1.50% 0.50% 3.162 0.002 4.10% 0.70% 5.716 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 84.50% 1.50% 56.582 0 66.30% 2.10% 31.35 0 Secondary 11.50% 1.30% 8.718 0 23.60% 1.80% 13.075 0 Tertiary 4.10% 0.80% 5.255 0 10.00% 1.20% 8.617 0 Total 100.1% 99.9% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TEN family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 44.30% 2.20% 19.94 0 26.50% 2.00% 13.405 0 Middle SES 51.40% 2.20% 22.921 0 65.60% 2.00% 32.73 0 High SES 4.30% 0.80% 5.623 0 8.00% 1.10% 7.243 0 Total 100.0% 100.1% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as t member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family busine catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 58.00% 2.40% 24.029 0 70.40% 1.70% 40.827 0 One shock 20.90% 1.80% 11.891 0 16.90% 1.50% 11.449 0 Two or more shocks 21.00% 1.80% 11.989 0 12.60% 1.40% 9.32 0 Total 99.9% 99.9% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis No 69.3% 1.9% 35.721 0 78.8% 1.7% 47.614 0 Yes 30.7% 1.9% 15.83 0 21.2% 1.7% 12.826 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 47.80% 2.40% 19.986 0 31.50% 2.10% 14.899 0 Medium 32.10% 1.80% 17.396 0 33.90% 1.90% 18.131 0 High 20.10% 1.90% 10.721 0 34.50% 2.20% 16.043 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) 1 2.0% 0.7% 2.818 0.005 0.8% 0.5% 1.5 0.134 2 0.8% 0.3% 2.595 0.009 0.2% 0.1% 1.26 0.208 3 3.8% 0.7% 5.636 0 1.5% 0.5% 3.158 0.002 4 8.2% 1.0% 8.269 0 4.7% 0.8% 6.037 0 5 30.8% 1.7% 18.072 0 25.6% 1.8% 14.015 0 6 16.9% 1.5% 11.407 0 21.1% 1.5% 14.242 0 7 14.0% 1.5% 9.281 0 19.4% 1.6% 11.868 0 8 8.0% 1.0% 8.05 0 14.1% 1.3% 10.928 0 9 4.4% 0.7% 5.851 0 5.5% 0.9% 6.149 0 10 11.1% 1.5% 7.464 0 7.1% 1.1% 6.243 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document t skill not used 53.2% 2.8% 18.793 0 421 32.0% 2.8% 11.492 low 32.5% 1.8% 17.775 0 585 37.1% 1.6% 23.897 medium 10.4% 2.3% 4.601 0 33 36.9% 3.2% 11.605 high 6.1% 1.5% 3.989 0 17 31.5% 3.5% 8.94 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? M percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? skill not used 55.2% 4.3% 12.82 0 123 27.5% 3.8% 7.259 low 41.8% 2.2% 19.144 0 735 35.7% 2.0% 17.603 medium 21.3% 2.3% 9.142 0 156 38.0% 2.8% 13.605 high 8.7% 1.4% 6.242 0 42 33.7% 2.6% 13.203 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the skill not used 63.9% 3.4% 19 0 278 25.1% 2.9% 8.681 low 40.9% 2.6% 15.552 0 423 38.1% 2.5% 15.276 medium 31.1% 2.6% 11.988 0 240 38.1% 2.8% 13.382 high 12.4% 1.5% 8.316 0 114 34.7% 2.3% 15.15 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document t skill not used 40.2% 2.1% 19.098 0 21.9% 1.8% 12.231 0 low 53.9% 2.1% 26.113 0 55.9% 1.9% 30.073 0 medium 3.9% 0.8% 4.836 0 12.6% 1.3% 9.762 0 high 2.1% 0.5% 3.989 0 9.7% 1.2% 8.303 0 Total 100.1% 100.1% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? M calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advan etc.? skill not used 11.6% 1.2% 9.725 0 5.2% 0.8% 6.396 0 low 68.1% 1.9% 35.703 0 52.5% 2.2% 23.476 0 medium 15.4% 1.6% 9.392 0 24.8% 2.0% 12.221 0 high 4.9% 0.8% 6.033 0 17.4% 1.5% 11.297 0 Total 100.0% 99.9% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the skill not used 25.2% 1.8% 13.78 0 8.9% 1.1% 7.936 0 low 38.9% 2.0% 19.252 0 32.8% 2.1% 15.845 0 medium 23.0% 1.8% 12.443 0 25.5% 1.9% 13.591 0 high 12.9% 1.5% 8.822 0 32.8% 2.3% 14.378 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 98.4% 1.5% 66.007 0 165 1.0% 1.3% 0.815 Yes 27.4% 1.5% 18.207 0 821 37.5% 1.4% 27.751 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 15.8% 1.6% 10.141 0 0.1% 0.2% 0.813 0.416 Yes 84.2% 1.6% 54.044 0 99.9% 0.2% 567.474 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from ot you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? skill not used 50.1% 2.9% 17.051 0 326 31.7% 2.6% 12.086 low 34.2% 2.9% 11.994 0 235 38.0% 2.7% 14.005 medium 24.5% 2.4% 10.057 0 151 37.3% 2.7% 13.814 high 14.0% 2.6% 5.445 0 57 37.8% 3.2% 11.761 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 53.9% 2.2% 24.137 0 856 32.9% 2.0% 16.128 low 27.3% 4.1% 6.727 0 63 40.8% 4.5% 9.05 medium 11.1% 2.5% 4.475 0 27 40.1% 4.2% 9.636 high 9.8% 1.2% 7.975 0 109 36.3% 1.9% 19.132 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 43.3% 2.1% 20.902 0 716 35.5% 1.8% 19.473 low 17.6% 7.1% 2.464 0.014 7 41.6% 10.2% 4.083 medium 15.2% 4.9% 3.065 0.002 11 37.7% 9.4% 3.998 high 9.0% 1.7% 5.178 0 55 36.4% 2.5% 14.394 Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keep CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer skill not used 43.3% 2.1% 20.915 0 716 35.4% 1.8% 19.44 low 13.7% 3.0% 4.627 0 33 37.7% 4.0% 9.341 medium 7.9% 1.8% 4.343 0 35 36.7% 2.9% 12.761 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 40.7% 2.2% 18.562 0 619 34.5% 2.0% 17.361 no 19.3% 1.8% 10.595 0 170 38.1% 2.2% 17.713 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, student involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 39.4% 3.0% 13.311 0 233 33.8% 3.3% 10.14 low 40.4% 2.9% 13.935 0 233 34.1% 2.8% 12.059 medium 28.4% 2.3% 12.36 0 226 38.1% 2.8% 13.41 high 21.7% 2.8% 7.603 0 97 36.8% 3.6% 10.233 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 poun skill not used 23.4% 3.7% 6.265 0 51 35.2% 3.9% 9.12 low 27.0% 2.1% 13.096 0 287 36.5% 2.2% 16.364 medium 37.1% 2.6% 14.394 0 286 36.6% 2.3% 16.256 high 47.0% 3.9% 12.145 0.0% 165 32.8% 3.8% 867.3% Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from ot how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinkin skill not used 40.3% 2.5% 15.825 0 22.6% 2.0% 11.421 0 low 30.1% 2.2% 13.777 0 29.6% 2.2% 13.541 0 medium 22.3% 2.1% 10.809 0 30.2% 2.0% 15.231 0 high 7.3% 1.3% 5.532 0 17.6% 1.6% 10.824 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 79.6% 1.7% 45.588 0 43.9% 2.2% 20.181 0 low 6.1% 1.0% 6.422 0 8.3% 1.1% 7.453 0 medium 2.7% 0.7% 4.178 0 8.9% 1.1% 7.984 0 high 11.5% 1.4% 7.965 0 38.8% 2.0% 19.84 0 Total 99.9% 99.9% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 90.2% 1.5% 58.388 0 67.1% 2.1% 31.337 0 low 1.1% 0.5% 2.246 0.025 2.4% 0.7% 3.422 0.001 medium 1.0% 0.4% 2.853 0.004 2.3% 0.7% 3.441 0.001 high 7.6% 1.4% 5.309 0 28.3% 2.1% 13.521 0 Total 99.9% 100.1% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keep graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other ana computer networks? skill not used 90.8% 1.5% 59.023 0 67.3% 2.2% 31.167 0 low 3.6% 0.8% 4.317 0 9.0% 1.1% 7.936 0 medium 5.6% 1.3% 4.365 0 23.7% 2.0% 11.792 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supervise)? yes 77.6% 1.9% 41.202 0 59.8% 2.4% 25.351 0 no 22.4% 1.9% 11.909 0 40.2% 2.4% 17.018 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, student little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) skill not used 28.6% 2.2% 13.107 0 22.3% 2.4% 9.443 0 low 29.4% 1.9% 15.445 0 22.6% 1.8% 12.321 0 medium 29.4% 2.1% 14.053 0 35.8% 2.4% 15.034 0 high 12.5% 1.5% 8.426 0 19.3% 2.1% 9.369 0 Total 99.9% 100.0% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 poun skill not used 7.5% 1.2% 6.037 0 10.3% 1.4% 7.311 0 low 36.0% 2.6% 13.733 0 44.3% 2.3% 19.261 0 medium 36.8% 2.3% 15.851 0 33.0% 2.0% 16.782 0 high 19.6% 1.9% 10.53 0.0% 12.5% 1.6% 777.0% 0.0% Total 99.9% 100.1% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different 2.706items) 0.028 96.289 0 2.748 0.020 137.579 0 different items) Conscientiousness (average of 3 2.761 0.020 136.113 0 2.776 0.019 144.463 0 items) 0.029 89.857 Openness (average of 3 different2.571 0 2.875 0.023 126.316 0 different 0.021 Emotional Stability (average of 32.821 items) 131.864 0 2.857 0.021 134.095 0 2.942items) Agreeableness (average of 3 different 0.027 107.505 0 3.029 0.022 140.758 0 Grit (average of 3 different items) 2.740 0.022 124.173 0 2.711 0.022 122.229 0 2.685 items) Decision making (average of 4 different 0.033 81.361 0 2.959 0.026 111.771 0 Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items) 0.020 86.622 1.728 0 1.762 0.021 84.073 0 (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 0/1 Level 2 Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? No 22.8% 0.014 16.637 0 770 24.9% 0.012 21.577 Yes 9.1% 0.007 13.526 0 287 10.4% 0.008 12.918 Employment status Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or i company, an NGO or any other individual? Employed 31.9% 0.017 18.412 0 758 34.6% 0.016 21.726 Unemployed 0.8% 0.003 2.778 0.005 12 1.1% 0.004 3.019 Educational status of inactive population Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not ha Inactive not in education 28.7% 0.022 12.95 0 278 21.9% 0.021 10.273 Inactive and in education 1.5% 0.005 3.206 0.001 9 12.4% 0.017 7.54 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? Employer 6.4% 0.011 6.093 0 133 6.0% 0.007 8.853 Self-employed 9.6% 0.009 11.028 0 227 6.5% 0.008 8.065 Wage worker 14.0% 0.011 12.404 0 328 19.9% 0.012 17.03 Unpaid family worker/other 2.9% 0.005 5.377 0 70 3.3% 0.006 5.673 Level 0/1 Level 2 Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 15.6% 9.0% 1.73 0.084 4 43.1% 13.1% 3.282 11.1% 1.7% 6.608 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 62 36.2% 2.4% 14.826 Low skilled white collar 35.7% 2.5% 14.518 0 353 37.4% 2.1% 18.017 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and3.1% 42.4% machine13.541 operator and 0 assemblers 201 35.7% 3.1% 11.678 Elementary occupations 51.5% 4.3% 11.849 0 157 29.8% 4.1% 7.34 Skilled agriculture work 48.2% 17.1% 2.818 0.005 13 33.3% 20.0% 1.665 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 27.1% 1.9% 14.61 0 398 37.1% 1.9% 19.473 Yes 37.1% 4.2% 8.778 0 133 34.7% 3.7% 9.346 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 47.9% 3.1% 15.582 0 316 31.7% 2.9% 11.049 2-5 29.8% 5.8% 5.128 0 37 37.1% 6.2% 6.022 6-15 13.7% 5.4% 2.526 0.012 5 45.7% 9.4% 4.886 Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 0.399 0.04 9.932 0 225 0.343 0.037 9.328 Yes, with constraints 0.231 0.13 1.768 0.077 131 0.341 0.148 2.306 Yes, no constraints 0.452 0.033 13.643 0 4 0.331 0.03 10.971 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 90.0% 33.2% 2.714 0.007 1 10.0% 33.2% 0.302 Somewhat useful 48.7% 3.7% 13.319 0 192 33.4% 3.5% 9.587 Moderately useful 39.9% 2.5% 15.642 0 350 35.7% 2.8% 12.524 Very useful 26.8% 3.0% 8.845 0 139 36.6% 3.1% 11.769 15.0% Respondent without formal schooling 2.0% 7.638 0 87 37.8% 2.6% 14.624 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someone wou Correct qualification for job 29.5% 2.7% 11.048 0 183 32.4% 2.7% 12.198 Over or underqualified for job 33.7% 1.9% 18.009 0 607 37.0% 1.7% 21.367 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? State employment services agency 13.7% 4.0% 3.449 0.001 14 36.6% 6.8% 5.349 Through private employment agency49.6% 10.5% 4.712 0 16 20.3% 10.0% 2.026 4.3% Through university/school career office 6.0% 0.717 0.473 1 32.0% 13.9% 2.295 32.9% 2.4% 13.414 Through social network (friends/relative/other) 0 353 35.8% 2.5% 14.578 Through media/ internet 6.6% 3.3% 1.99 0.047 5 32.3% 5.8% 5.588 Employer contacted you 24.7% 9.7% 2.559 0.01 15 38.5% 10.9% 3.523 Contacted employer directly 27.7% 5.2% 5.361 0 52 35.5% 5.9% 6.022 Started own business 39.7% 3.4% 11.779 0 208 36.3% 3.1% 11.643 30.7% with Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 18.0% 1.71 employer 0.087 4 64.8% 17.5% 3.713 Other 43.0% 4.3% 9.997 0 90 35.8% 4.5% 8 Level 0/1 Level 2 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? Military personnel 0.4% 0.3% 1.624 0.104 1.1% 0.4% 2.664 0.008 8.4% 1.3% 6.599 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians 0 25.0% 1.9% 13.18 0 Low skilled white collar 45.9% 2.8% 16.302 0 43.8% 2.2% 20.254 0 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and2.0% 25.3% machine12.446 operator and 0 assemblers 19.4% 1.7% 11.428 0 Elementary occupations 18.5% 1.9% 9.497 0 9.7% 1.4% 6.858 0 Skilled agriculture work 1.5% 0.6% 2.442 0.015 0.9% 0.6% 1.432 0.152 Total 100.0% 99.9% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? No 72.5% 3.8% 18.898 0 79.4% 2.0% 39 0 Yes 27.5% 3.8% 7.172 0 20.6% 2.0% 10.133 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 87.2% 2.3% 38.672 0 73.6% 3.8% 19.191 0 2-5 10.6% 2.2% 4.855 0 16.9% 3.1% 5.466 0 DS 2.2% 0.9% 2.379 0.017 9.5% 2.4% 3.938 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 65.6% 2.9% 22.65 0 61.2% 3.3% 18.419 0 Yes, with constraints 33.0% 2.9% 11.316 0 36.2% 3.5% 10.419 0 Yes, no constraints 1.4% 0.8% 1.625 0.104 2.6% 1.4% 1.899 0.058 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 0.2% 0.2% 0.894 0.371 0.0% 0.1% 0.218 0.827 Somewhat useful 23.9% 1.9% 12.834 0 14.9% 1.7% 8.764 0 Moderately useful 44.7% 2.5% 18.135 0 36.4% 2.3% 15.724 0 Very useful 18.5% 2.1% 8.924 0 23.0% 2.0% 11.55 0 11.0% Respondent without formal schooling 1.4% 7.836 0 25.3% 2.3% 11.207 0 Total 98.3% 99.6% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think would be required before someone wou Correct qualification for job 22.3% 1.8% 12.656 0 22.3% 1.9% 11.754 0 Over or underqualified for job 77.7% 1.8% 44.16 0 77.7% 1.9% 41.059 0 Total 100.0% 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? through public employment agency 1.9% 0.6% 3.145 0.002 4.5% 1.0% 4.362 0 through private employment agency 2.2% 0.7% 3.013 0.003 0.8% 0.4% 1.961 0.05 0.1% through university/school career office 0.2% 0.705 0.481 0.8% 0.4% 1.971 0.049 46.2% 3.1% 15.055 through social network (friends/relative/other) 0 46.5% 2.6% 17.732 0 through media/internet 0.7% 0.3% 1.924 0.054 3.0% 0.7% 4.599 0 employer contacted you 1.9% 0.8% 2.387 0.017 2.7% 0.9% 3.202 0.001 contacted employer directly 7.0% 1.6% 4.429 0 8.3% 1.6% 5.267 0 started own business 27.0% 2.3% 11.795 0 22.8% 2.0% 11.165 0 0.4% with job obtained after training/apprenticeship employer 0.2% 1.466 0.143 0.7% 0.3% 2.454 0.014 other 12.7% 1.8% 7.107 0 9.7% 1.4% 7.125 0 Total 100.1% 99.8% All adults (ages 15-64) Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 329 17.20% 2.00% 8.633 0 159 1.40% 0.50% 2.753 0.006 0 848 33.70% 1.60% 20.897 0 782 5.40% 0.70% 7.431 0 0 220 27.00% 3.00% 8.941 0 131 2.70% 1.10% 2.491 0.013 0.003 14 45.40% 11.10% 4.107 0 17 3.10% 3.60% 0.846 0.398 0.016 8 46.10% 20.50% 2.253 0.024 5 0.50% 1.70% 0.314 0.753 nal level that you started? 0 990 33.00% 1.60% 21.236 0 878 5.10% 0.70% 7.628 0 0 190 11.80% 2.00% 5.763 0 62 0.80% 0.60% 1.351 0.177 ork-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 0 1,129 27.3% 1.4% 19.075 0 850 4.1% 0.5% 7.606 0 0 52 51.1% 5.4% 9.439 0 91 6.9% 3.0% 2.311 0.021 work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 881 30.6% 1.5% 20.772 0 778 4.8% 0.6% 7.355 0 0 300 21.8% 2.1% 10.318 0 163 2.4% 0.9% 2.649 0.008 work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 0 862 25.5% 1.4% 17.681 0 635 3.8% 0.6% 6.65 0 0 319 38.3% 2.8% 13.694 0 306 5.6% 1.3% 4.432 0 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 18.30% 2.10% 8.891 0 10.40% 3.80% 2.758 0.006 81.70% 2.10% 39.766 0 89.60% 3.80% 23.694 0 100.0% 100.0% 81.70% 4.30% 19.115 0 89.10% 11.80% 7.547 0 13.50% 3.80% 3.558 0 10.30% 11.40% 0.904 0.366 4.80% 2.60% 1.843 0.065 0.60% 2.00% 0.311 0.756 100.0% 100.0% nal level that you started? 91.70% 1.50% 61.008 0 96.30% 2.80% 33.837 0 8.30% 1.50% 5.506 0 3.70% 2.80% 1.305 0.192 100.0% 100.0% ork-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the 90.60% 1.40% 67.04 0 91.40% 3.70% 24.739 0 9.40% 1.40% 6.975 0 8.60% 3.70% 2.329 0.02 100.0% 100.0% work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 82.00% 1.70% 49.296 0 86.70% 4.70% 18.632 0 18.00% 1.70% 10.855 0 13.30% 4.70% 2.86 0.004 100.0% 100.0% lar field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 68.30% 2.50% 27.488 0 68.70% 6.10% 11.305 0 31.70% 2.50% 12.749 0 31.30% 6.10% 5.157 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0 481 30.60% 2.30% 13.095 0 413 4.30% 0.80% 5.369 0 0 700 27.10% 1.50% 17.81 0 528 4.10% 0.60% 6.69 0 0 233 46.40% 2.50% 18.792 0 318 9.10% 1.50% 6.256 0 0 257 31.40% 2.60% 12.016 0 220 4.30% 1.10% 3.822 0 0 288 25.90% 2.40% 10.839 0 198 3.30% 1.20% 2.806 0.005 0 235 16.80% 2.30% 7.297 0 115 1.60% 0.90% 1.801 0.072 0 168 18.60% 2.50% 7.565 0 90 1.60% 0.90% 1.845 0.065 0 843 26.10% 1.50% 17.303 0 575 3.10% 0.60% 5.193 0 0 182 44.50% 3.20% 13.909 0 244 8.30% 1.80% 4.694 0 0 44 49.00% 5.20% 9.401 0 81 13.90% 4.30% 3.251 0.001 0 692 25.00% 1.60% 16.116 0 465 3.10% 0.70% 4.569 0 0 248 41.60% 2.70% 15.68 0 267 6.70% 1.60% 4.217 0 0 104 45.50% 3.50% 13.192 0 154 10.90% 2.30% 4.695 0 t people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 0 305 18.90% 1.80% 10.243 0 181 2.30% 0.70% 3.094 0.002 0 788 31.60% 1.60% 20.017 0 649 4.70% 0.70% 6.522 0 0 86 40.80% 3.90% 10.347 0 111 7.10% 2.50% 2.815 0.005 antly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol o fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 0 814 32.50% 1.40% 22.536 0 757 5.10% 0.70% 7.098 0 0 210 23.10% 2.70% 8.548 0 109 2.80% 0.90% 3.002 0.003 0 157 15.30% 2.20% 7.09 0 75 1.20% 0.70% 1.676 0.094 eart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 0 918 31.4% 1.5% 20.985 0 826 4.5% 0.7% 6.968 0 0 263 18.4% 2.3% 7.837 0 115 3.0% 1.1% 2.83 0.005 0 398 18.50% 1.60% 11.429 0 208 2.40% 0.70% 3.477 0.001 0 416 29.30% 2.00% 14.736 0 324 3.80% 0.80% 4.803 0 0 367 37.80% 2.40% 15.688 0 409 6.40% 1.20% 5.534 0 on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.084 6 7.5% 6.1% 1.227 0.22 3 1.1% 2.4% 0.478 0.633 0.192 3 8.5% 8.1% 1.054 0.292 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.001 20 9.3% 4.7% 1.991 0.047 4 1.8% 2.0% 0.934 0.35 0 60 16.2% 3.9% 4.16 0 31 3.1% 1.8% 1.721 0.085 0 326 24.4% 2.4% 10.314 0 190 2.8% 0.8% 3.321 0.001 0 246 29.8% 2.9% 10.142 0 206 4.3% 1.4% 2.997 0.003 0 211 34.9% 2.6% 13.578 0 227 5.3% 1.5% 3.508 0 0 168 37.9% 3.1% 12.104 0 170 6.4% 1.7% 3.718 0 0 61 31.3% 4.3% 7.368 0 51 6.9% 2.6% 2.676 0.007 0 80 22.6% 3.9% 5.86 0 58 2.2% 1.3% 1.699 0.089 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 43.80% 2.50% 17.227 0 42.10% 5.40% 7.776 0 56.20% 2.50% 22.145 0 57.90% 5.40% 10.682 0 100% 100% 37.60% 2.00% 18.498 0 50.20% 6.30% 8.002 0 20.60% 1.80% 11.582 0 19.30% 4.40% 4.409 0 18.50% 1.70% 11.043 0 15.90% 5.00% 3.192 0.001 12.40% 1.60% 7.848 0 8.00% 4.30% 1.859 0.063 10.80% 1.40% 7.676 0 6.50% 3.60% 1.786 0.074 100% 100% 65.50% 2.30% 28.469 0 52.00% 7.50% 6.911 0 26.20% 2.20% 11.883 0 32.50% 6.40% 5.087 0 8.20% 1.10% 7.239 0 15.50% 4.60% 3.405 0.001 99.9% 100.0% 53.70% 2.30% 22.907 0 43.00% 7.30% 5.904 0 30.30% 2.10% 14.617 0 32.00% 6.30% 5.061 0 16.00% 1.60% 9.936 0 25.10% 5.40% 4.676 0 100.0% 100.1% t people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your 19.70% 1.60% 12.215 0 16.30% 4.80% 3.414 0.001 68.90% 2.00% 34.661 0 70.00% 5.50% 12.613 0 11.40% 1.30% 8.883 0 13.70% 5.10% 2.701 0.007 100.0% 100.0% antly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household ment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural 79.00% 1.80% 43.764 0 84.80% 4.50% 18.994 0 13.80% 1.60% 8.854 0 11.40% 3.90% 2.899 0.004 7.20% 1.00% 7.051 0 3.80% 2.20% 1.737 0.082 100.0% 100.0% eart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 85.8% 1.8% 46.853 0 84.4% 5.4% 15.775 0 14.2% 1.8% 7.743 0 15.6% 5.4% 2.916 0.004 100.0% 100.0% 21.70% 2.00% 10.685 0 19.10% 5.00% 3.83 0 34.20% 2.20% 15.318 0 30.40% 5.60% 5.436 0 44.10% 2.70% 16.282 0 50.50% 7.10% 7.139 0 100.0% 100.0% on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.3% 0.2% 1.211 0.226 0.3% 0.6% 0.48 0.631 0.1% 0.1% 0.895 0.371 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.6% 0.3% 1.915 0.056 0.9% 0.9% 0.923 0.356 3.0% 0.7% 4.111 0 4.0% 2.3% 1.74 0.082 22.1% 2.0% 10.909 0 17.4% 5.1% 3.394 0.001 20.3% 1.9% 10.973 0 19.7% 5.3% 3.678 0 23.1% 1.7% 13.564 0 23.7% 5.6% 4.208 0 18.1% 1.7% 10.588 0 20.8% 5.8% 3.558 0 5.9% 0.9% 6.787 0 8.9% 3.3% 2.68 0.007 6.4% 1.1% 5.889 0 4.3% 2.5% 1.709 0.088 99.9% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 0 265 13.9% 1.8% 7.685 0 100 0.8% 0.4% 1.892 0.058 0 663 27.0% 1.5% 18.454 0 478 3.4% 0.7% 4.782 0 0 147 45.1% 3.8% 11.979 0 192 7.6% 2.1% 3.665 0 0 104 50.6% 4.2% 12.16 0 171 11.8% 2.5% 4.642 0 hs, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals ebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 0 62 15.4% 2.8% 5.433 0 35 1.8% 1.2% 1.496 0.135 0 625 20.3% 1.7% 11.803 0 354 2.1% 0.6% 3.719 0 0 291 35.4% 2.4% 14.682 0 272 5.4% 1.2% 4.325 0 0 203 48.1% 3.0% 15.798 0 280 9.6% 1.7% 5.773 0 the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 0 108 10.7% 2.3% 4.585 0 44 0.3% 0.4% 0.738 0.461 0 396 19.7% 1.7% 11.657 0 192 1.4% 0.6% 2.308 0.021 0 304 26.7% 2.4% 11.014 0 226 4.1% 1.0% 4.071 0 0 373 44.6% 2.3% 19.622 0 478 8.3% 1.2% 6.748 0 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 11.8% 1.4% 8.118 0 4.7% 2.6% 1.796 0.072 50.1% 2.1% 23.303 0 43.1% 6.3% 6.834 0 19.0% 1.8% 10.341 0 21.8% 5.9% 3.712 0 19.2% 1.8% 10.586 0 30.4% 5.5% 5.486 0 100.1% 100.0% hs, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, 3.6% 0.7% 5.092 0 2.9% 2.0% 1.484 0.138 37.0% 2.3% 16.071 0 26.1% 5.6% 4.643 0 28.6% 2.2% 13.13 0 29.5% 6.1% 4.809 0 30.7% 2.0% 15.222 0 41.5% 5.7% 7.334 0 99.9% 100.0% the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 4.7% 1.0% 4.726 0 0.9% 1.2% 0.726 0.468 21.0% 2.0% 10.705 0 9.8% 4.0% 2.462 0.014 22.1% 1.8% 12.096 0 23.2% 4.9% 4.728 0 52.2% 2.4% 21.738 0 66.1% 6.2% 10.742 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.415 2 0.5% 0.8% 0.641 0.521 1 0.1% 0.3% 0.401 0.689 0 1,161 30.6% 1.4% 21.729 0 940 4.5% 0.6% 8.003 0 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.1% 0.1% 0.64 0.522 0.1% 0.3% 0.404 0.686 99.9% 0.1% 765.413 0 99.9% 0.3% 301.618 0 100.0% 100.0% Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value t away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how ofte 0 183 16.0% 2.3% 6.953 0 84 2.2% 0.8% 2.762 0.006 0 256 25.6% 2.5% 10.289 0 176 2.2% 0.9% 2.368 0.018 0 286 32.9% 2.2% 14.71 0 233 5.3% 1.3% 4.003 0 0 149 41.4% 3.9% 10.726 0 178 6.8% 2.1% 3.303 0.001 0 518 12.4% 1.3% 9.461 0 186 0.8% 0.3% 2.526 0.012 0 92 28.7% 4.3% 6.744 0 64 3.3% 1.9% 1.728 0.084 0 100 41.5% 3.9% 10.51 0 103 7.3% 2.6% 2.749 0.006 0 471 46.0% 2.1% 22.115 0 588 8.0% 1.1% 7.266 0 0 572 19.1% 1.6% 11.966 0 284 2.1% 0.5% 4.113 0 0 23 38.2% 10.2% 3.726 0 16 2.7% 3.0% 0.898 0.369 0 18 42.0% 9.0% 4.672 0 23 5.2% 4.3% 1.213 0.225 0 268 46.6% 2.6% 17.925 0 350 8.1% 1.6% 4.997 0 macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websi tware programming; managing computer networks? 0 571 19.1% 1.6% 11.997 0 284 2.1% 0.5% 4.113 0 0 84 43.3% 4.8% 9.109 0 96 5.3% 2.4% 2.224 0.026 0 221 47.0% 2.7% 17.376 0 291 8.4% 1.8% 4.782 0 0 513 22.2% 1.7% 13.26 0 331 2.6% 0.7% 3.997 0 0 368 36.7% 2.3% 15.787 0 342 5.8% 1.1% 5.244 0 rs, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work 0 201 23.8% 2.6% 9.007 0 135 3.0% 1.0% 3.15 0.002 0 190 23.1% 2.6% 8.754 0 130 2.4% 1.0% 2.302 0.021 0 330 29.2% 2.4% 12.334 0 232 4.2% 1.3% 3.35 0.001 0 160 35.6% 3.1% 11.377 0 176 6.0% 1.5% 3.916 0 or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 0 82 37.4% 4.6% 8.135 0 99 4.0% 1.8% 2.161 0.031 0 409 31.7% 1.8% 17.524 0 352 4.9% 1.0% 4.939 0 0 283 23.0% 2.3% 9.97 0 160 3.2% 0.9% 3.585 0 0.0% 107 18.4% 2.8% 665.2% 0.0% 62 1.8% 0.9% 192.0% 5.5% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value t away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 14.8% 1.9% 7.886 0 14.6% 5.0% 2.894 0.004 25.8% 2.4% 10.939 0 15.7% 5.9% 2.649 0.008 34.4% 2.5% 13.807 0 40.2% 7.9% 5.074 0 24.9% 2.2% 11.291 0 29.5% 7.2% 4.1 0 99.9% 100.0% 20.5% 1.9% 10.8 0 9.0% 3.4% 2.617 0.009 7.2% 1.1% 6.459 0 5.5% 3.1% 1.803 0.071 11.4% 1.3% 8.526 0 13.6% 4.9% 2.758 0.006 60.8% 2.2% 28.043 0 71.9% 5.4% 13.414 0 99.9% 100.0% 46.9% 2.7% 17.278 0 37.1% 6.8% 5.425 0 2.9% 0.9% 3.068 0.002 1.4% 1.6% 0.886 0.376 3.3% 0.9% 3.869 0 2.9% 2.5% 1.192 0.233 46.9% 2.6% 17.815 0 58.5% 6.6% 8.832 0 100.0% 99.9% macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, ed design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing 47.1% 2.7% 17.243 0 37.4% 6.9% 5.424 0 13.4% 1.6% 8.394 0 11.7% 4.8% 2.419 0.016 39.4% 2.6% 15.214 0 50.9% 6.9% 7.339 0 99.9% 100.0% 49.9% 2.6% 19.436 0 42.6% 7.2% 5.92 0 50.1% 2.6% 19.526 0 50.1% 2.6% 19.526 0 100.0% 92.7% rs, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is eople other than co- workers) 20.3% 2.3% 8.781 0 19.0% 6.0% 3.178 0.001 19.8% 1.9% 10.411 0 14.4% 5.5% 2.646 0.008 35.6% 2.5% 14.352 0 37.1% 7.8% 4.752 0 24.2% 2.3% 10.725 0 29.5% 7.1% 4.135 0 99.9% 100.0% or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 14.2% 1.8% 7.661 0 10.8% 4.4% 2.468 0.014 49.9% 2.7% 18.823 0 55.7% 7.2% 7.747 0 26.9% 2.2% 11.972 0 27.2% 5.8% 4.653 0 9.1% 1.3% 671.7% 0.0% 6.3% 3.2% 197.1% 4.9% 100.1% 100.0% Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 2.749 0.022 122.89 0 2.752 0.062 44.614 0 2.766 0.020 141.671 0 2.714 0.063 43.319 0 3.013 0.024 127.327 0 3.134 0.075 41.744 0 2.875 0.022 128.947 0 2.897 0.066 43.715 0 3.048 0.021 144.758 0 3.068 0.056 54.467 0 2.672 0.024 110.339 0 2.599 0.076 34.194 0 3.040 0.027 112.212 0 3.060 0.074 41.225 0 1.780 0.023 76.6 0 1.717 0.064 26.789 0 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value ay to find a salaried or wage job? 0 862 19.4% 0.01 19.16 0 663 2.7% 0.004 6.042 0 0 319 9.2% 0.008 11.431 0 278 1.5% 0.003 4.994 0 east an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or 0 843 26.5% 0.015 18.007 0 634 3.7% 0.006 5.83 0 0.003 19 1.2% 0.003 3.781 0 29 0.1% 0.001 1.181 0.238 rk in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a job waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 0 214 12.4% 0.017 7.513 0 115 1.7% 0.005 3.208 0.001 0 105 18.0% 0.017 10.658 0 163 3.3% 0.008 4.13 0 0 143 4.4% 0.006 7.917 0 99 0.4% 0.002 2.073 0.038 0 155 3.7% 0.006 5.989 0 73 0.3% 0.002 1.859 0.063 0 478 17.4% 0.011 15.3 0 424 2.8% 0.006 5.019 0 0 67 1.9% 0.004 5.22 0 38 0.3% 0.002 1.543 0.123 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value 0.001 13 40.5% 12.7% 3.184 0.001 8 0.7% 1.9% 0.394 0.694 0 224 44.7% 2.7% 16.849 0 300 8.0% 1.8% 4.472 0 0 385 24.0% 1.9% 12.867 0 234 3.0% 0.8% 3.556 0 0 178 20.2% 3.1% 6.452 0 87 1.7% 0.9% 1.813 0.07 0 79 16.6% 3.0% 5.638 0 42 2.1% 1.3% 1.614 0.106 0.096 5 18.4% 19.6% 0.941 0.347 3 0.0% 0.0% . . e when you set it up or took it over? 0 545 30.9% 1.8% 17.422 0 462 4.9% 0.9% 5.418 0 0 143 25.6% 3.0% 8.608 0 99 2.6% 1.2% 2.1 0.036 0 217 18.7% 2.3% 8.236 0 111 1.7% 0.7% 2.525 0.012 0 50 29.3% 6.2% 4.732 0 37 3.8% 2.2% 1.693 0.09 0 21 38.2% 8.3% 4.613 0 16 2.4% 2.3% 1.037 0.3 0 185 0.236 0.031 7.556 0 88 0.023 0.012 1.882 0.06 0.021 107 0.386 0.142 2.716 0.007 76 0.042 0.058 0.725 0.468 0 6 0.198 0.028 7.143 0 8 0.019 0.008 2.279 0.023 0.763 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 121 16.0% 2.6% 6.053 0 47 2.0% 1.3% 1.478 0.14 0 326 21.7% 2.1% 10.32 0 188 2.7% 0.8% 3.177 0.001 0 206 31.6% 3.1% 10.285 0 174 5.0% 1.5% 3.428 0.001 0 227 41.5% 3.2% 12.867 0 263 5.8% 1.5% 3.743 0 nk would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 0 198 32.6% 2.8% 11.703 0 214 5.6% 1.5% 3.636 0 0 680 26.1% 1.6% 16.442 0 459 3.3% 0.7% 4.762 0 0 40 46.0% 7.0% 6.604 0 46 3.7% 2.5% 1.464 0.143 0.043 7 27.1% 10.3% 2.622 0.009 12 3.1% 4.5% 0.677 0.498 0.022 6 49.7% 15.9% 3.118 0.002 9 14.0% 8.7% 1.613 0.107 0 412 27.2% 2.0% 13.551 0 299 4.1% 1.0% 4.227 0 0 29 46.4% 6.4% 7.29 0 40 14.7% 5.4% 2.716 0.007 0 18 32.9% 8.8% 3.757 0 23 3.9% 3.0% 1.301 0.193 0 62 32.2% 4.6% 6.992 0 60 4.6% 2.1% 2.188 0.029 0 183 22.1% 2.6% 8.645 0 103 1.9% 0.8% 2.252 0.024 0 7 4.4% 7.8% 0.568 0.57 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 79 18.8% 3.4% 5.589 0 42 2.3% 1.4% 1.73 0.084 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value 1.4% 0.6% 2.205 0.027 0.2% 0.5% 0.389 0.698 40.1% 2.6% 15.557 0 52.0% 7.3% 7.136 0 36.6% 2.5% 14.379 0 32.5% 7.5% 4.35 0 14.2% 2.0% 7.004 0 8.8% 5.0% 1.772 0.076 7.1% 1.3% 5.472 0 6.5% 3.8% 1.694 0.09 0.6% 0.8% 0.849 0.396 0.0% 0.0% . . 100.0% 100.0% e when you set it up or took it over? 81.3% 2.1% 39.034 0 87.3% 5.4% 16.018 0 18.7% 2.1% 8.974 0 12.7% 5.4% 2.337 0.019 100.0% 100.0% 67.2% 4.9% 13.808 0 64.7% 14.9% 4.357 0 20.6% 4.2% 4.867 0 27.1% 13.1% 2.074 0.038 12.3% 3.0% 4.047 0 8.2% 8.1% 1.01 0.313 100.1% 100.0% 56.9% 5.1% 11.20 0.00 56.2% 17.1% 3.29 0.00 38.6% 4.6% 8.309 0 38.6% 15.8% 2.446 0.014 4.5% 2.0% 2.237 0.025 5.2% 7.4% 0.7 0.484 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . . 9.3% 1.5% 6.063 0 8.4% 5.7% 1.46 0.144 28.8% 2.4% 11.954 0 25.7% 6.6% 3.923 0 25.9% 2.6% 10.133 0 29.8% 7.1% 4.184 0 36.0% 2.6% 13.995 0 36.1% 7.3% 4.978 0 100.0% 100.0% nk would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 29.0% 2.3% 12.689 0 35.8% 8.1% 4.409 0 71.0% 2.3% 31.08 0 64.2% 8.1% 7.912 0 100.0% 100.0% 7.5% 1.5% 5.099 0 4.2% 2.8% 1.5 0.134 1.4% 0.6% 2.434 0.015 1.1% 1.7% 0.661 0.509 1.7% 0.7% 2.385 0.017 3.4% 2.0% 1.671 0.095 46.0% 2.3% 20.087 0 48.8% 6.8% 7.181 0 5.7% 1.0% 5.455 0 12.9% 5.0% 2.603 0.009 3.1% 0.9% 3.535 0 2.6% 2.0% 1.304 0.192 9.8% 1.5% 6.374 0 10.0% 4.3% 2.305 0.021 18.1% 2.0% 9.243 0 11.0% 4.5% 2.462 0.014 0.1% 0.1% 0.56 0.575 0.0% 0.0% . . 6.7% 1.3% 5.104 0 6.0% 3.5% 1.709 0.087 100.1% 100.0% (1) Skills Acquisition History Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montess 15 100% 997 No 21.90% 6.30% 3.462 0.001 143 100% 2,326.00 Yes 8.00% 1.50% 5.356 0 Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? 13 100% 498 Public 10.70% 6.50% 1.636 0.102 3 100% 40 Private 7.70% 7.40% 1.044 0.296 0 100% 13 Other 0.00% 0.00% . . Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational leve 153 100% 2,659 No 5.90% 1.20% 5.148 0 5 100% 648 Yes 40.70% 8.60% 4.716 0 Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-rel 144 100% 3,160 No 9.9% 1.6% 6.273 0 14 100% 177 Yes 2.9% 3.2% 0.923 0.356 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work se 136 100% 2,523 No 8.1% 1.5% 5.357 0 22 100% 814 Yes 17.2% 4.6% 3.736 0 Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work se 108 100% 2,524 No 10.9% 2.1% 5.114 0 50 100% 813 Yes 5.4% 1.9% 2.822 0.005 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Participation in early childhood education Question: Before age 7, did you attend a kindergarten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montess No 21.2% 6.1% 3.48 0.001 Yes 78.8% 6.1% 12.936 0 Total 100.0% Type of school Question: At what type of school or institution did you attend your highest education grade? Public 79.5% 21.9% 3.628 0 Private 20.5% 21.9% 0.935 0.35 Other 0.0% 0.0% . . Total 100.0% Dropped out of highest educational level started Question: Did you drop out of formal education without completing the highest educational leve No 58.3% 7.6% 7.698 0 Yes 41.7% 7.6% 5.506 0 Total 100.0% Participation in training Question: In the past 12 months, have you participated in any training courses, such as work-rel formal educational system)? No 97.1% 3.0% 32.368 0 Yes 2.9% 3.0% 0.966 0.334 Total 100.0% Participation in apprenticeships Question: Have you ever completed an apprenticeship -- that is, training for a trade in a work se No 76.7% 6.5% 11.781 0 Yes 23.3% 6.5% 3.577 0 Total 100.0% Possession of training certificates Question: Do you have you any industry-recognized or government certificate in a particular fiel No 82.1% 6.8% 12.118 0 Yes 17.9% 6.8% 2.651 0.008 Total 100.0% (2) Background Conditions Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender 69 100% 1,339 Male 9.60% 2.10% 4.491 0 89 100% 1,998 Female 8.90% 2.10% 4.302 0 Age 77 100% 681 15-24 9.00% 1.50% 5.982 0 28 100% 677 25- 14.80% 8.50% 1.736 0.083 27 100% 795 18 100% 676 8 100% 508 Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? 78 100% 2,267 Primary or Less 12.00% 2.30% 5.217 0 52 100% 535 Secondary 3.20% 1.60% 2 0.046 26 100% 161 Tertiary 4.00% 2.70% 1.515 0.13 Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? 55 100% 1,888 Primary or Less 11.20% 2.60% 4.39 0 56 100% 657 Secondary 3.00% 1.40% 2.135 0.033 46 100% 338 Tertiary 3.60% 2.00% 1.776 0.076 Socioeconomic status at age 15 when you were 15 years old? Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest peop 23 100% 991 Low SES 21.20% 6.20% 3.407 0.001 116 100% 2,078 Middle SES 7.90% 1.60% 4.824 0 19 100% 263 High SES 4.30% 2.60% 1.669 0.095 Household shocks before age 15 mily breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly w drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/dr 134 100% 2,329 No shocks 7.50% 1.50% 5.037 0 18 100% 539 One shock 15.60% 4.80% 3.281 0.001 6 100% 466 Two or more shocks 15.10% 6.90% 2.187 0.029 Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart dis 128 100% 2,599 No 9.2% 1.5% 6.052 0 30 100% 738 Yes 9.5% 4.9% 1.926 0.054 Household Asset Index 34 100% 1,195 Low 16.60% 3.10% 5.356 0 44 100% 1,111 Medium 7.30% 2.20% 3.359 0.001 80 100% 1,031 High 3.80% 1.90% 2.027 0.043 Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a sc 1 100% 32 1 0 100% 12 2 2 100% 75 3 4.7% 4.7% 0.985 0.326 6 100% 200 4 9.5% 5.7% 1.681 0.094 21 100% 872 5 12.0% 3.0% 4.048 0 34 100% 657 6 10.5% 2.9% 3.683 0 38 100% 609 7 8.7% 2.9% 2.975 0.003 37 100% 463 8 5.4% 2.0% 2.71 0.007 13 100% 168 9 13.0% 5.3% 2.433 0.016 6 100% 249 10 11.0% 4.3% 2.55 0.011 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Gender Male 47.9% 8.3% 5.793 0 Female 52.1% 8.3% 6.307 0 Total 100% Age 15-24 92.3% 4.5% 20.422 0 25-34 7.7% 4.5% 1.705 0.088 100.0% Educational attainment of parents Question: What is the highest education level your mother obtained? Primary or Less 83.8% 6.3% 13.292 0 Secondary 12.0% 5.8% 2.088 0.037 Tertiary 4.2% 3.0% 1.402 0.161 Total 100.0% Question: What is the highest education level your father obtained? Primary or Less 79.3% 8.1% 9.838 0 Secondary 14.0% 6.7% 2.102 0.036 Tertiary 6.7% 4.0% 1.662 0.097 Total 100.0% Socioeconomic status at age 15 Question: Imagine a 10-step stairs where on the bottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest peop family was when you were 15 years old? Low SES 30.0% 8.3% 3.629 0 Middle SES 63.4% 8.6% 7.381 0 High SES 6.5% 3.9% 1.682 0.093 Total 99.9% Household shocks before age 15 Question: Before you reached the age 15, was the household's financial situation significantly w member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or drug problems; loss of employment, b catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. No shocks 65.1% 7.5% 8.726 0 One shock 23.7% 6.4% 3.703 0 Two or more shocks 11.2% 4.9% 2.271 0.023 Total 100.0% Chronic illness Question: Do you suffer from a chronic illness? (for example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart dis No 93.3% 3.3% 28.388 0 Yes 6.7% 3.3% 2.04 0.041 Total 100.0% Household Asset Index Low 60.2% 8.1% 7.476 0 Medium 26.2% 6.7% 3.934 0 High 13.6% 6.1% 2.231 0.026 Total 100.0% Overall satisfaction with life Question: How satisfied are you at present with your life, all things considered? Respond on a sc 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 3 0.9% 1.0% 0.843 0.399 4 4.1% 2.8% 1.493 0.135 5 31.0% 7.2% 4.317 0 6 19.4% 6.1% 3.195 0.001 7 20.1% 7.3% 2.763 0.006 8 7.5% 3.6% 2.083 0.037 9 7.5% 5.0% 1.487 0.137 10 9.5% 4.3% 2.207 0.027 Total 100.0% (3) Self-Reported Cognitive Skills Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what i 6 100% 792 skill not used 21.7% 6.1% 3.531 0 67 100% 1,793 low 13.0% 2.8% 4.734 0 33 100% 405 medium 5.2% 2.4% 2.115 0.034 52 100% 344 high 2.3% 1.6% 1.469 0.142 Use of numeracy skills (overall score) or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, hav percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, g 4 100% 224 skill not used 19.1% 10.0% 1.907 0.056 37 100% 1,751 low 19.4% 4.4% 4.453 0 46 100% 765 medium 6.4% 2.7% 2.375 0.018 71 100% 596 high 4.5% 1.3% 3.55 0 Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the pa 0 100% 430 skill not used 36.8% 9.9% 3.731 0 13 100% 1,024 low 14.0% 4.0% 3.478 0.001 33 100% 803 medium 13.2% 3.9% 3.419 0.001 112 100% 1,077 high 4.3% 1.3% 3.349 0.001 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Use of writing skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you normally write, what i skill not used 24.2% 6.4% 3.758 0 low 55.5% 7.8% 7.095 0 medium 13.2% 5.9% 2.227 0.026 high 7.1% 4.7% 1.505 0.132 Total 100.0% Use of numeracy skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking of your activities over the past 12 months, hav calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or percentages, perform any other etc.? skill not used 8.3% 4.6% 1.802 0.072 low 52.2% 8.5% 6.161 0 medium 14.4% 6.0% 2.4 0.016 high 25.1% 6.3% 3.963 0 Total 100.0% Use of reading skills (overall score) Includes various questions, for example: Thinking about all the things you have read over the pa skill not used 21.4% 5.9% 3.626 0 low 22.6% 6.8% 3.316 0.001 medium 27.6% 6.6% 4.157 0 high 28.4% 7.0% 4.029 0 Total 100.0% (3.b.) Direct Measurement - Reading Assessment Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? 0 100% 168 No 72.9% 22.3% 3.268 0.001 158 100% 3,080 Yes 8.3% 1.4% 5.973 0 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Did respondent pass the core basic reading assessment? No 7.5% 3.7% 2.052 0.04 Yes 92.5% 3.7% 25.13 0 Total 100.0% (4) Self-Reported Job-Relevant Skills Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) ould be done. As part of this work, how often do Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 12 100% 605 skill not used 20.1% 5.5% 3.69 0 18 100% 685 low 14.1% 4.4% 3.223 0.001 42 100% 712 medium 10.8% 4.1% 2.633 0.008 32 100% 416 high 5.5% 4.5% 1.216 0.224 Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? 13 100% 1,573 skill not used 31.5% 6.3% 4.972 0 10 100% 229 low 19.7% 5.8% 3.426 0.001 21 100% 251 medium 5.6% 3.6% 1.555 0.12 114 100% 1,282 high 3.1% 1.0% 3.144 0.002 Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? 34 100% 1,606 skill not used 18.8% 3.0% 6.219 0 2 100% 48 low 0.0% 0.0% . . 4 100% 56 medium 0.0% 0.0% . . 64 100% 737 high 2.4% 1.8% 1.324 0.186 Type of software use at work (score) ware (such as powerpoint); designing websites; Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macro CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software 34 100% 1,605 skill not used 18.9% 3.0% 6.223 0 10 100% 223 low 2.6% 4.1% 0.63 0.529 60 100% 607 medium 1.9% 1.6% 1.197 0.231 Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supe 39 100% 1,502 yes 16.7% 2.9% 5.714 0 65 100% 945 no 4.8% 2.3% 2.041 0.041 Contact with people other than co-workers (score) vement and 10 means much of the work Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for e involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 19 100% 588 skill not used 18.1% 4.9% 3.684 0 12 100% 565 low 18.2% 5.2% 3.514 0 40 100% 828 medium 12.3% 4.4% 2.802 0.005 33 100% 466 high 2.9% 2.7% 1.074 0.283 Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull 14 100% 246 skill not used 10.6% 6.8% 1.562 0.118 57 100% 1,105 low 13.0% 3.2% 4.01 0 27 100% 756 medium 13.4% 3.8% 3.488 0 6 100% 340 high 18.2% 8.6% 2.104 0.035 Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Frequency of thinking and learning new things (score) Includes various questions, for example: Some tasks are pretty easy and can be done right away how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do you have to undertake tasks that re skill not used 40.7% 9.5% 4.277 0 low 27.9% 8.5% 3.279 0.001 medium 24.9% 8.1% 3.073 0.002 high 6.5% 5.1% 1.264 0.206 Total 100.0% Frequency of computer use overall (score) Question: As part of your life (outside work) have you used a computer in the past 3 months? skill not used 48.1% 8.4% 5.709 0 low 22.5% 6.5% 3.458 0.001 medium 8.3% 5.0% 1.644 0.1 high 21.1% 6.3% 3.369 0.001 Total 100.0% Frequency of computer use at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of your work do you use a computer? skill not used 95.0% 3.5% 26.862 0 low 0.0% 0.0% . . medium 0.0% 0.0% . . high 5.0% 3.5% 1.415 0.157 Total 100.0% Type of software use at work (score) Question: Does your work require the use of: advanced functions in spreadsheets such as macro graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; CAD software (computer aided des computer networks? skill not used 95.0% 3.5% 26.862 0 low 1.7% 2.7% 0.637 0.524 medium 3.3% 2.6% 1.277 0.201 Total 100.0% Supervision of others at work Question: As a normal part of this work do you direct and check the work of other workers (supe yes 90.1% 4.7% 19.285 0 no 9.9% 4.7% 2.122 0.034 Total 100.0% Contact with people other than co-workers (score) Question: As part of this work, do you have any contact with people other than co-workers, for e little involvement and 10 means much of the work involves meeting or interacting with people o skill not used 34.2% 8.1% 4.212 0 low 35.8% 8.7% 4.094 0 medium 25.6% 8.6% 2.976 0.003 high 4.3% 4.1% 1.067 0.286 Total 99.9% Lifting of heavy items at work (score) Includes various questions, for example: As part of this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull skill not used 7.4% 4.8% 1.558 0.119 low 45.5% 9.4% 4.866 0 medium 33.3% 7.7% 4.333 0 high 13.8% 6.6% 2.094 0.036 Total 100.0% (5) Self-Reported Personality and Behavior Level 0/1 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Extraversion (average of 4 different items) 8.4% 31.983 269.8% 0 Conscientiousness (average of 3 different 271.1% items) 7.7% 35.314 0 Openness (average of 3 different items) 272.8% 9.4% 29.123 0 3 different items) Emotional Stability (average of 295.6% 9.6% 30.898 0 Agreeableness (average of 3 different 272.8% items)8.3% 32.833 0 Grit (average of 3 different items) 254.6% 9.1% 27.896 0 261.0% items) Decision making (average of 4 different 10.1% 25.864 0 Hostile Bias (average of 2 different items) 7.1% 23.423 165.8% 0 (6) Labor Market Outcomes Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Coef. SE t-stat p-value Inactive Includes various questions, for example: During the past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to fin 102 70% 2,397 No 6.5% 1.2% 5.48 0 56 30% 940 Yes 2.8% 0.8% 3.647 0 Employment status xample, a public or private enterprise or Includes various questions, for example: During the past 7 days, have you worked for at least an company, an NGO or any other individual? 99 97% 2,334 Employed 12.9% 2.3% 5.593 0 3 3% 63 Unemployed 1.3% 1.0% 1.31 0.19 Educational status of inactive population vice, do not want to work, have found a job Includes various questions, for example: What is the main reason you did not look for work in th which will start later, awaiting response from employer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting 19 65% 626 Inactive not in education 2.0% 1.1% 1.784 0.074 37 35% 314 Inactive and in education 3.1% 1.0% 3.155 0.002 Type of employment Includes various questions, for example: What is your type of employment? 12 17% 387 Employer 0.9% 0.6% 1.648 0.099 7 20% 462 Self-employed 2.2% 1.2% 1.84 0.066 76 54% 1,306 Wage worker 8.4% 2.0% 4.276 0 4 8% 179 Unpaid family worker/other 2.9% 1.2% 2.521 0.012 Level 4/5 Total Level 0/1 N Row % N Row Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or jo 0 100% 25 Military personnel 88.9% 26.0% 3.415 0.001 60 100% 646 2.7% 2.1% 1.298 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians0.194 32 100% 1,004 Low skilled white collar 13.3% 3.2% 4.116 0 8 100% 474 Crafts and related trades workers;26.9% Plant and7.3% operator and 0 machine3.682 assemblers 4 100% 282 Elementary occupations 13.3% 4.9% 2.697 0.007 0 100% 21 Skilled agriculture work 4.4% 18.4% 0.241 0.81 Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when 80 100% 1,485 No 12.8% 2.5% 5.057 0 12 100% 387 Yes 25.5% 14.1% 1.808 0.071 Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) 10 100% 654 myself only 32.8% 12.4% 2.651 0.008 7 100% 131 2-5 0.0% 0.0% . . 1 100% 43 6-15 0.0% 0.0% . . Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? 12 100% 510 No 0.254 0.162 1.57 0.117 6 100% 320 Yes, with constraints 0.335 0.305 1.098 0.272 1 100% 19 Yes, no constraints 0.294 0.14 2.092 0.036 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? 0 100% 1 Not useful at all 19.8% 6.4% 3.095 0.002 10 100% 370 Somewhat useful 15.7% 4.2% 3.771 0 24 100% 888 Moderately useful 11.3% 4.3% 2.63 0.009 24 100% 543 Very useful 3.7% 3.5% 1.073 0.283 46 100% 623 22.6% Respondent without formal schooling 24.8% 0.911 0.362 Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think wou 44 100% 639 Correct qualification for job 15.9% 5.9% 2.692 0.007 60 100% 1,806 Over or underqualified for job 12.9% 2.4% 5.362 0 Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? 4 100% 104 State employment services agency 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 35 Through private employment agency34.8% 28.4% 1.226 0.22 4 100% 20 0.0% Through university/school career office 0.0% . . 47 100% 1,111 13.4% 3.0% Through social network (friends/relative/other) 4.408 0 15 100% 89 Through media/ internet 7.8% 5.9% 1.327 0.184 6 100% 62 Employer contacted you 22.6% 19.5% 1.162 0.245 9 100% 183 Contacted employer directly 13.7% 8.7% 1.566 0.117 8 100% 502 Started own business 30.2% 13.6% 2.223 0.026 0 100% 11 18.2% with Job obtained after training/apprenticeship 7.7% 2.346 employer 0.019 6 100% 217 Other Level 0/1 Column Coef. SE t-stat p-value Occupation type (STEP Aggregation) Question: What kind of work did you do in the past 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or jo Military personnel 3.9% 3.1% 1.234 0.217 4.3% 3.1% 1.364 Highly skilled white collar - Managers/Professionals/Technicians0.172 Low skilled white collar 43.7% 8.2% 5.329 0 Crafts and related trades workers; Plant and8.8% 33.7% operator and 0 machine3.812 assemblers Elementary occupations 14.3% 5.5% 2.602 0.009 Skilled agriculture work 0.2% 0.8% 0.218 0.827 Total 100.1% Self-employed with paid employees Question: What was the total number of workers in the business/ own account enterprise when No 92.4% 4.6% 20.1 0 Yes 7.6% 4.6% 1.659 0.097 Total 100.0% Self-employed with paid employees (number of employees) myself only 100.0% 0.0% ####### 0 2-5 0.0% 0.0% . . DS 0.0% 0.0% . . Total 100.0% Desire to expand business and constraints Includes various questions, including: Would you like to expand your business? No 69% 17% 4.188 0 Yes, with constraints 21% 15% 1.473 0.141 Yes, no constraints 10% 10% 0.937 0.349 Usefulness of studies for current work Question: How useful were your studies during your formal education for this work? Not useful at all 33.7% 9.4% 3.583 0 Somewhat useful 41.2% 10.0% 4.099 0 Moderately useful 19.4% 7.3% 2.651 0.008 Very useful 5.1% 4.6% 1.097 0.273 0.6% Respondent without formal schooling 0.6% 0.989 0.323 Total 100.0% Individual perception of own qualifications Includes various questions, including: What minimum level of formal education do you think wou Correct qualification for job 18.3% 6.6% 2.766 0.006 Over or underqualified for job 81.7% 6.6% 12.358 0 Total 100.0% Method to find employment Question: What is the main method you used to find this work as [occupation]? through public employment agency 0.0% 0.0% . . through private employment agency 2.2% 2.2% 1.001 0.317 0.0% through university/school career office 0.0% . . 51.7% 8.7% through social network (friends/relative/other) 5.981 0 through media/internet 4.3% 3.3% 1.302 0.193 employer contacted you 4.6% 4.2% 1.092 0.275 contacted employer directly 9.0% 5.9% 1.525 0.127 started own business 14.0% 6.8% 2.059 0.039 other 14.2% 6.1% 2.321 0.02 Total 100.0% Youth (ages 15-24) Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N rten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 17 40.20% 7.40% 5.426 0 30 32.40% 6.90% 4.684 0 21 41 35.40% 2.50% 14.423 0 216 47.20% 2.50% 18.575 0 309 you attend your highest education grade? 5 37.80% 10.40% 3.652 0 23 44.00% 9.30% 4.705 0 25 2 39.50% 19.30% 2.049 0.04 4 50.90% 18.50% 2.751 0.006 6 0 49.10% 36.30% 1.351 0.177 2 50.90% 36.30% 1.401 0.161 1 ithout completing the highest educational level that you started? 32 35.70% 2.60% 13.84 0 220 48.50% 2.60% 18.811 0 317 26 37.10% 8.70% 4.243 0 26 20.40% 6.20% 3.284 0.001 13 pated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the formal educatio 57 37.1% 2.4% 15.158 0 232 43.9% 2.6% 16.611 0 285 1 23.0% 7.5% 3.046 0.002 14 64.5% 8.0% 8.083 0 45 ship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 42 35.9% 2.5% 14.582 0 213 46.6% 2.6% 17.958 0 290 16 35.6% 6.4% 5.56 0 33 40.1% 6.8% 5.916 0 40 ship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 45 36.8% 3.1% 11.748 0 174 42.9% 3.3% 13.189 0 218 13 33.5% 4.7% 7.076 0 72 52.5% 4.7% 11.066 0 112 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat rten, creche, daycare, nursery school, Montessori ? 10.0% 2.3% 4.28 0 6.3% 1.7% 3.654 0 5.5% 3.9% 1.384 90.0% 2.3% 38.406 0 93.7% 1.7% 54.2 0 94.5% 3.9% 23.948 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% you attend your highest education grade? 72.4% 12.7% 5.695 0 71.1% 11.0% 6.457 0 92.3% 16.6% 5.569 21.8% 11.9% 1.832 0.067 23.5% 10.0% 2.362 0.018 7.7% 16.6% 0.462 5.9% 6.2% 0.951 0.342 5.3% 4.9% 1.091 0.275 0.0% 0.0% . 100.1% 99.9% 100.0% ithout completing the highest educational level that you started? 90.2% 2.7% 33.801 0 95.8% 1.4% 69.185 0 98.1% 2.8% 34.557 9.8% 2.7% 3.672 0 4.2% 1.4% 3.049 0.002 1.9% 2.8% 0.654 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% pated in any training courses, such as work-related training or private skills training, that lasted at least 5 days/30 hours (not part of the 94.1% 2.0% 46.489 0 87.0% 2.3% 37.796 0 90.3% 6.0% 15.11 5.9% 2.0% 2.912 0.004 13.0% 2.3% 5.632 0 9.7% 6.0% 1.626 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% ship -- that is, training for a trade in a work setting under the guidance of someone who is experienced in this kind of work? 87.6% 2.5% 35.279 0 89.1% 2.1% 41.718 0 90.1% 5.7% 15.823 12.4% 2.5% 4.979 0 10.9% 2.1% 5.106 0 9.9% 5.7% 1.738 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% d or government certificate in a particular field and not awarded by a formal educational institution? 71.6% 4.1% 17.502 0 65.3% 3.8% 17.042 0 71.4% 8.3% 8.555 28.4% 4.1% 6.932 0 34.7% 3.8% 9.068 0 28.6% 8.3% 3.425 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N 24 36.30% 3.60% 10.035 0 117 45.20% 3.80% 12.001 0 154 34 35.50% 3.40% 10.406 0 129 46.40% 3.80% 12.211 0 176 53 35.60% 2.30% 15.211 0 233 46.40% 2.50% 18.791 0 318 5 41.00% 10.80% 3.782 0 13 34.60% 9.80% 3.522 0 12 r mother obtained? 39 37.80% 3.30% 11.344 0 153 43.50% 3.20% 13.455 0 165 7 34.80% 4.40% 7.842 0 71 50.00% 4.80% 10.506 0 120 2 22.80% 6.80% 3.368 0.001 11 55.10% 8.80% 6.265 0 39 33 38.60% 3.40% 11.249 0 139 42.90% 3.70% 11.636 0 146 6 35.30% 4.00% 8.749 0 74 51.60% 4.40% 11.794 0 118 3 24.30% 6.00% 4.072 0 21 54.50% 5.90% 9.253 0 57 ottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your family was whe 19 39.50% 5.90% 6.711 0 35 33.50% 6.40% 5.207 0 32 34 36.40% 2.70% 13.612 0 184 46.40% 3.00% 15.665 0 246 4 29.30% 6.00% 4.897 0 27 55.00% 6.20% 8.928 0 52 household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household member; a family r loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural catastrophe; violence/theft; forced displacement; or others. 37 35.20% 2.50% 14.336 0 187 47.50% 2.50% 18.85 0 273 12 35.20% 7.60% 4.633 0 40 42.10% 8.00% 5.263 0 39 8 45.50% 10.80% 4.194 0 19 34.80% 8.60% 4.055 0 18 r example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 53 35.8% 2.4% 15.198 0 228 45.9% 2.5% 18.176 0 316 5 36.1% 9.1% 3.954 0 18 44.4% 9.9% 4.5 0 14 39 41.40% 4.10% 10.194 0 104 35.50% 4.40% 8.136 0 86 13 34.50% 3.70% 9.326 0 83 48.90% 4.00% 12.284 0 118 6 31.50% 4.00% 7.898 0 59 53.10% 3.90% 13.548 0 126 our life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 1 72.2% 15.0% 4.826 0 4 23.2% 14.5% 1.595 0.112 2 3 45.2% 11.9% 3.815 0 14 30.7% 9.3% 3.301 0.001 11 19 34.0% 4.2% 8.072 0 53 45.3% 4.5% 10.091 0 60 11 33.2% 4.8% 6.953 0 37 48.6% 5.1% 9.55 0 64 10 34.2% 4.0% 8.555 0 55 45.1% 4.8% 9.36 0 84 5 33.2% 4.7% 7.134 0 43 52.2% 5.0% 10.488 0 61 3 33.7% 7.4% 4.541 0 19 39.7% 7.5% 5.286 0 20 6 43.0% 7.5% 5.732 0 20 43.4% 6.9% 6.34 0 28 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat 46.4% 4.1% 11.246 0 45.3% 3.8% 11.957 0 44.9% 7.7% 5.813 53.6% 4.1% 12.966 0 54.7% 3.8% 14.444 0 55.1% 7.7% 7.122 100% 100% 100% 94.5% 1.8% 52.452 0 96.4% 1.2% 80.43 0 94.9% 3.6% 26.486 5.5% 1.8% 3.052 0.002 3.6% 1.2% 3.037 0.002 5.1% 3.6% 1.428 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% r mother obtained? 63.3% 4.5% 14.121 0 55.6% 3.6% 15.364 0 42.9% 9.9% 4.342 31.2% 4.3% 7.283 0 34.2% 3.6% 9.448 0 40.5% 8.7% 4.657 5.5% 1.7% 3.232 0.001 10.2% 2.1% 4.818 0 16.6% 8.0% 2.063 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 57.1% 4.2% 13.465 0 47.5% 3.5% 13.477 0 39.5% 10.1% 3.911 33.7% 3.9% 8.534 0 36.9% 3.3% 11.096 0 35.6% 8.8% 4.04 9.3% 2.5% 3.736 0 15.6% 2.5% 6.158 0 24.9% 8.7% 2.869 100.1% 100.0% 100.0% ottom, the FIRST step, stand the poorest people, and on the highest step, the TENTH, stand the richest. On which step do you think your 14.2% 2.6% 5.571 0 9.4% 1.9% 5.013 0 8.3% 5.7% 1.449 74.6% 3.3% 22.367 0 74.1% 2.9% 25.187 0 74.4% 7.5% 9.891 11.2% 2.4% 4.627 0 16.5% 2.6% 6.31 0 17.3% 7.9% 2.197 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% household's financial situation significantly worsened because of shocks such as the death, illness, or serious accident of a household cohol or drug problems; loss of employment, bankruptcy or loss of a family business; loss of crops, fire/drought/flood or other natural or others. 77.9% 3.2% 24.403 0 82.2% 2.7% 30.157 0 85.8% 6.3% 13.675 13.5% 2.9% 4.607 0 12.7% 2.5% 5.06 0 10.7% 6.0% 1.773 8.6% 2.6% 3.271 0.001 5.1% 1.5% 3.404 0.001 3.5% 2.6% 1.326 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% r example, diabetes, asthma, cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, hepatitis)? 93.4% 2.0% 47.844 0 93.6% 1.7% 54.259 0 92.8% 4.6% 20.115 6.6% 2.0% 3.4 0.001 6.4% 1.7% 3.692 0 7.2% 4.6% 1.558 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 38.6% 3.9% 9.771 0 25.9% 3.5% 7.41 0 23.5% 8.1% 2.885 32.1% 3.6% 8.989 0 35.5% 3.3% 10.647 0 34.0% 8.1% 4.21 29.4% 3.8% 7.79 0 38.7% 3.3% 11.675 0 42.6% 10.3% 4.122 100.1% 100.1% 100.1% our life, all things considered? Respond on a scale from 1 (completely dissatisfied) to 10 (completely satisfied) 0.5% 0.7% 0.716 0.474 0.1% 0.4% 0.319 0.75 0.0% 0.0% . 1.5% 1.0% 1.417 0.156 1.1% 0.7% 1.507 0.132 1.0% 1.4% 0.71 4.4% 1.6% 2.821 0.005 2.5% 1.0% 2.425 0.015 4.9% 3.7% 1.315 20.8% 3.5% 5.966 0 18.7% 2.7% 6.88 0 19.5% 7.9% 2.48 17.3% 3.0% 5.75 0 18.3% 2.8% 6.483 0 19.0% 6.4% 2.989 22.6% 3.7% 6.063 0 25.3% 3.1% 8.119 0 21.7% 7.2% 3.003 16.2% 3.0% 5.463 0 19.7% 2.7% 7.348 0 19.0% 8.5% 2.237 8.6% 2.3% 3.685 0 6.4% 1.6% 4.107 0 11.0% 5.2% 2.122 8.2% 2.4% 3.418 0.001 8.0% 1.9% 4.206 0 3.8% 3.0% 1.269 100.1% 100.1% 99.9% Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 15 44.7% 7.7% 5.833 0 37 32.2% 6.4% 5.009 0 25 34 38.4% 4.3% 8.971 0 101 40.6% 3.8% 10.801 0 113 6 34.3% 5.1% 6.709 0 54 50.9% 5.0% 10.178 0 88 2 30.1% 4.6% 6.551 0 53 54.4% 5.7% 9.56 0 104 of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or co division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, etc.? 5 42.9% 12.2% 3.52 0 12 35.8% 12.2% 2.93 0.003 10 31 43.2% 5.2% 8.295 0 71 33.1% 4.9% 6.822 0 66 8 34.5% 4.7% 7.287 0 50 49.5% 5.6% 8.79 0 71 13 32.3% 3.3% 9.86 0 113 51.4% 3.7% 13.944 0 183 about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 14 31.5% 10.0% 3.143 0.002 13 30.6% 8.4% 3.652 0 12 16 42.8% 6.6% 6.455 0 47 38.5% 5.9% 6.498 0 37 18 43.6% 5.3% 8.26 0 53 36.2% 5.3% 6.825 0 62 10 32.1% 3.3% 9.667 0 133 52.0% 3.2% 16.23 0 218 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat about all the things you normally write, what is the size of the longest document that you wrote in the past 12 months? 12.8% 2.6% 4.989 0 7.1% 1.6% 4.386 0 1.6% 2.1% 0.746 41.6% 4.3% 9.722 0 34.3% 3.3% 10.324 0 34.0% 8.6% 3.971 22.2% 3.5% 6.336 0 25.7% 3.6% 7.134 0 24.7% 8.2% 2.998 23.3% 3.4% 6.85 0 32.9% 3.8% 8.66 0 39.7% 9.1% 4.36 99.9% 100.0% 100.0% of your activities over the past 12 months, have you done any of the following? Measure or estimate sizes, weights, distances, etc., , decimals or percentages, perform any other multiplication or division, use advanced math such as algebra, geometry, trigonometry, 4.7% 1.6% 2.955 0.003 3.1% 1.2% 2.46 0.014 0.9% 1.9% 0.484 29.6% 3.8% 7.744 0 17.7% 2.6% 6.853 0 11.4% 4.7% 2.441 19.7% 3.0% 6.663 0 22.1% 3.1% 7.049 0 21.6% 7.0% 3.103 46.0% 4.2% 10.875 0 57.1% 3.7% 15.41 0 66.1% 7.8% 8.449 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% about all the things you have read over the past 12 months, what is the size of the longest document that you have read? 4.7% 1.7% 2.749 0.006 3.6% 1.1% 3.136 0.002 0.7% 1.5% 0.463 17.6% 3.2% 5.455 0 12.4% 2.4% 5.255 0 7.7% 4.9% 1.572 23.5% 3.3% 7.205 0 15.3% 2.5% 6.174 0 14.8% 5.7% 2.6 54.2% 4.4% 12.21 0 68.7% 3.4% 20.375 0 76.9% 7.3% 10.561 100.0% 100.0% 100.1% ding Assessment Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N 6 15.9% 20.2% 0.785 0.432 2 8.7% 14.2% 0.609 0.543 1 50 35.9% 2.3% 15.616 0 240 46.5% 2.4% 19.113 0 329 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat 0.4% 0.6% 0.698 0.485 0.2% 0.3% 0.574 0.566 0.3% 0.6% 0.402 99.6% 0.6% 170.166 0 99.8% 0.3% 332.207 0 99.7% 0.6% 154.378 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% kills Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N ks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out how they should 30 minutes of thinking? 17 40.9% 7.1% 5.755 0 34 31.2% 6.2% 5.024 0 28 14 42.6% 6.8% 6.278 0 42 40.2% 6.2% 6.448 0 38 10 31.6% 5.6% 5.652 0 37 46.0% 6.0% 7.604 0 48 2 36.1% 10.4% 3.48 0.001 12 49.7% 9.3% 5.332 0 27 you used a computer in the past 3 months? 31 44.1% 7.7% 5.755 0 48 22.8% 5.8% 3.905 0 21 14 41.8% 7.1% 5.906 0 26 33.5% 7.1% 4.736 0 32 3 36.4% 7.0% 5.198 0 34 46.7% 7.0% 6.72 0 44 9 32.9% 3.2% 10.394 0 138 53.0% 3.0% 17.424 0 233 f your work do you use a computer? 42 40.5% 4.3% 9.306 0 90 34.5% 4.1% 8.368 0 78 0 46.3% 20.7% 2.241 0.025 5 52.6% 20.5% 2.561 0.01 4 0 35.9% 26.7% 1.344 0.179 2 61.2% 27.0% 2.266 0.023 5 2 31.4% 5.9% 5.311 0 30 53.8% 6.8% 7.968 0 55 nced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, graphics software analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing computer networks? 42 40.4% 4.3% 9.302 0 89 34.4% 4.1% 8.352 0 78 0 39.1% 13.5% 2.905 0.004 12 49.1% 15.8% 3.104 0.002 18 2 30.2% 6.2% 4.912 0 25 56.1% 6.9% 8.092 0 46 ect and check the work of other workers (supervise)? 38 39.0% 4.1% 9.593 0 96 38.0% 4.0% 9.448 0 92 6 35.1% 6.2% 5.699 0 31 48.4% 6.0% 8.009 0 50 ontact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involveme than co- workers) 14 37.3% 7.6% 4.904 0 34 38.9% 7.3% 5.336 0 33 17 39.9% 5.9% 6.773 0 37 35.1% 6.5% 5.386 0 28 12 38.7% 6.4% 6.06 0 37 40.2% 6.4% 6.308 0 40 1 35.2% 8.3% 4.237 0 19 51.7% 8.1% 6.4 0 41 f this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 3 38.3% 12.0% 3.191 0.001 11 44.9% 11.8% 3.818 0 16 21 35.1% 5.2% 6.815 0 54 42.3% 5.4% 7.844 0 70 15 39.6% 6.2% 6.419 0 46 39.3% 5.9% 6.636 0 42 5 45.1% 11.8% 3.814 0 16 35.4% 10.6% 3.33 0.001 14 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat ks are pretty easy and can be done right away or after getting a little help from others. Other tasks require more thinking to figure out w often do you have to undertake tasks that require at least 30 minutes of thinking? 29.3% 5.2% 5.673 0 20.5% 4.0% 5.099 0 26.4% 11.5% 2.295 29.9% 5.5% 5.47 0 25.9% 4.5% 5.706 0 10.6% 7.0% 1.512 25.9% 4.8% 5.372 0 34.6% 4.8% 7.145 0 45.2% 12.5% 3.606 14.9% 4.6% 3.232 0.001 19.0% 4.2% 4.508 0 17.8% 11.2% 1.579 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% you used a computer in the past 3 months? 17.1% 3.3% 5.257 0 6.9% 1.8% 3.837 0 2.4% 2.7% 0.9 12.1% 2.4% 5.029 0 7.6% 1.7% 4.464 0 5.6% 3.9% 1.458 13.8% 3.1% 4.441 0 13.8% 2.5% 5.65 0 16.6% 6.4% 2.601 57.0% 4.5% 12.716 0 71.7% 3.1% 22.924 0 75.3% 7.7% 9.847 100.0% 100.0% 99.9% f your work do you use a computer? 72.0% 5.1% 14.251 0 57.0% 5.1% 11.089 0 54.1% 12.7% 4.26 2.8% 1.6% 1.798 0.072 3.0% 1.6% 1.848 0.065 0.3% 1.3% 0.219 1.7% 1.6% 1.092 0.275 2.7% 1.5% 1.714 0.087 0.7% 1.7% 0.394 23.4% 4.4% 5.271 0 37.4% 5.1% 7.364 0 45.0% 12.5% 3.605 99.9% 100.1% 100.1% nced functions in spreadsheets such as macros and complex equations; book-keeping, accounting or financial software; presentation, g websites; CAD software (computer aided design); statistical analysis or other analysis software; software programming; managing 71.9% 5.1% 14.111 0 56.9% 5.1% 11.046 0 54.1% 12.7% 4.26 9.6% 3.7% 2.607 0.009 11.1% 4.0% 2.787 0.005 11.4% 10.0% 1.132 18.5% 4.0% 4.667 0 32.0% 4.9% 6.496 0 34.5% 11.5% 3.01 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% ect and check the work of other workers (supervise)? 74.5% 4.9% 15.209 0 67.3% 4.5% 14.933 0 58.2% 14.3% 4.083 25.5% 4.9% 5.218 0 32.7% 4.5% 7.269 0 32.7% 4.5% 7.269 100.0% 100.0% 90.9% ontact with people other than co-workers, for example customers, clients, students, or the public?� (Scale ranges from 1 to 10, where 1 is involves meeting or interacting with people other than co- workers) 24.9% 4.9% 5.119 0 24.2% 4.6% 5.238 0 18.8% 9.3% 2.017 27.8% 4.7% 5.926 0 22.7% 4.3% 5.277 0 22.8% 12.4% 1.833 28.5% 5.4% 5.327 0 27.5% 4.4% 6.32 0 32.1% 13.2% 2.431 18.8% 4.5% 4.178 0 25.6% 4.5% 5.724 0 26.3% 12.5% 2.098 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% f this work, do you regularly have to lift or pull anything weighing at least 50 pounds [25 kilos]? 9.5% 3.5% 2.743 0.006 10.3% 3.1% 3.31 0.001 7.5% 6.3% 1.18 43.5% 5.5% 7.898 0 48.7% 5.5% 8.894 0 57.8% 13.0% 4.449 34.9% 5.4% 6.516 0 32.2% 5.1% 6.301 0 33.1% 12.7% 2.597 12.1% 3.6% 3.32 0.001 8.8% 2.8% 3.107 0.002 1.7% 3.1% 0.55 100.0% 100.0% 100.1% d Behavior Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat 277.3% 4.4% 62.41 0 273.4% 3.6% 75.276 0 268.6% 8.7% 30.821 258.0% 4.8% 53.238 0 261.3% 3.7% 70.954 0 258.5% 10.7% 24.187 294.2% 4.8% 61.035 0 302.4% 4.2% 72.806 0 312.4% 9.7% 32.083 276.7% 4.5% 61.551 0 281.8% 3.4% 82.81 0 277.3% 10.2% 27.067 299.5% 3.6% 82.267 0 301.3% 3.4% 89.905 0 303.0% 7.6% 39.804 247.9% 4.2% 59.429 0 249.8% 4.3% 57.455 0 246.2% 10.0% 24.523 294.0% 4.2% 69.298 0 303.2% 4.0% 76 0 296.8% 9.2% 32.281 173.6% 3.9% 44.174 0 177.1% 3.5% 50.694 0 169.0% 8.8% 19.228 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N e past 4 weeks have you tried in any way to find a salaried or wage job? 45 16.8% 1.9% 8.916 0 116 18.8% 1.9% 10.131 0 137 13 19.0% 1.9% 9.79 0 130 27.0% 2.3% 11.551 0 193 e past 7 days, have you worked for at least an hour for wage or salary in cash or in kind for someone who is not a member of your household, for examp 42 32.4% 3.6% 9.13 0 104 36.1% 3.3% 10.919 0 118 3 4.3% 1.5% 2.794 0.005 12 5.1% 1.6% 3.248 0.001 19 he main reason you did not look for work in the past 4 weeks? Student, housewife, in retirement, old age, ill/handicaped, in compulsory military service, ployer, awaiting recall from employer, waiting for busy season, believe I do not have a chance to get a job, there are no jobs, other. 5 7.4% 1.8% 4.186 0 29 9.4% 2.0% 4.64 0 32 8 27.6% 3.5% 7.847 0 101 40.4% 3.4% 11.959 0 161 our type of employment? 3 0.9% 0.7% 1.189 0.234 2 1.5% 0.9% 1.697 0.09 4 6 1.8% 1.1% 1.701 0.089 4 2.8% 1.2% 2.323 0.02 8 24 23.4% 3.2% 7.239 0 70 28.0% 3.1% 8.958 0 81 9 10.4% 2.2% 4.657 0 28 8.4% 1.9% 4.392 0 25 Level 0/1 Level 2 Level 3 N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Coef. SE t-stat p-value N t 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? 2 11.1% 26.0% 0.426 0.67 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 2 32.8% 6.8% 4.845 0 20 52.7% 7.2% 7.363 0 42 21 39.7% 4.7% 8.43 0 62 39.9% 4.9% 8.119 0 63 13 40.4% 8.3% 4.887 0 25 28.7% 7.8% 3.673 0 13 7 34.8% 8.5% 4.109 0 18 42.9% 9.1% 4.693 0 24 0 41.1% 36.7% 1.12 0.263 1 54.5% 40.0% 1.362 0.173 1 in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 33 38.0% 4.2% 9.074 0 98 40.9% 3.8% 10.746 0 106 3 24.2% 18.2% 1.33 0.184 2 41.0% 19.5% 2.109 0.035 4 9 23.8% 12.2% 1.955 0.051 5 37.2% 12.4% 3.004 0.003 10 0 38.5% 35.8% 1.077 0.282 1 51.9% 40.7% 1.274 0.203 1 0 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 90.0% 33.2% 2.714 0.007 1 ke to expand your business? 5 0.123 0.151 0.814 0.415 6 0.497 0.252 1.977 0.048 6 3 0.134 0.237 0.566 0.571 0 0.391 0.392 0.996 0.319 4 1 0.308 0.167 1.843 0.065 0 0.362 0.168 2.157 0.031 2 ur formal education for this work? 15 42.8% 7.9% 5.388 0 32 31.8% 7.4% 4.32 0.00 19 20 37.9% 6.0% 6.316 0 46 40.4% 5.5% 7.327 0 53 7 33.9% 7.4% 4.586 0 26 44.0% 7.0% 6.329 0 35 1 36.3% 8.0% 4.546 0 22 49.6% 8.9% 5.598 0 35 1 77.4% 24.8% 3.122 0.002 1 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 um level of formal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 10 33.7% 7.7% 4.371 0 18 41.8% 8.8% 4.735 0 24 34 38.7% 4.0% 9.738 0 109 40.7% 3.7% 10.845 0 118 nd this work as [occupation]? 0 36.0% 17.3% 2.082 0.037 4 55.1% 18.2% 3.028 0.002 4 1 8.7% 23.6% 0.369 0.712 0 50.0% 36.0% 1.389 0.165 2 0 35.4% 27.8% 1.275 0.202 2 40.3% 27.2% 1.481 0.138 1 22 39.4% 5.3% 7.497 0 64 40.6% 5.2% 7.796 0 65 2 24.0% 10.6% 2.264 0.024 6 47.4% 12.6% 3.759 0 9 2 40.3% 25.0% 1.609 0.108 3 37.1% 20.3% 1.829 0.067 5 3 24.4% 12.1% 2.018 0.044 5 50.0% 12.8% 3.92 0 15 7 22.6% 14.5% 1.557 0.12 3 41.1% 15.2% 2.705 0.007 9 5 51.2% 11.0% 4.644 0 17 25.6% 9.1% 2.821 0.005 8 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4/5 Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat p-value Coef. SE t-stat t 7 days, that is what is your occupation (or job title)? 0.2% 0.4% 0.403 0.687 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . 19.1% 4.2% 4.512 0 28.0% 4.5% 6.26 0 33.4% 12.0% 2.778 48.0% 5.2% 9.16 0 44.1% 5.2% 8.419 0 41.0% 13.1% 3.128 18.5% 4.2% 4.416 0 12.0% 3.3% 3.599 0 9.0% 9.0% 1.004 13.6% 3.8% 3.613 0 15.3% 3.7% 4.137 0 16.6% 10.6% 1.57 0.6% 0.7% 0.894 0.371 0.6% 0.7% 0.894 0.371 0.0% 0.0% . 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% in the business/ own account enterprise when you set it up or took it over? 97.5% 2.1% 47.05 0 96.0% 2.3% 41.899 0 95.6% 5.3% 18.175 2.5% 2.1% 1.206 0.228 4.0% 2.3% 1.725 0.085 4.4% 5.3% 0.838 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 84.5% 18.2% 4.638 0 83.2% 12.6% 6.594 0 82.6% 32.7% 2.527 15.5% 18.2% 0.852 0.394 12.9% 11.9% 1.085 0.278 14.7% 28.8% 0.51 0.0% 0.0% . . 3.9% 4.6% 0.843 0.399 2.7% 11.9% 0.228 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% ke to expand your business? 83% 18% 4.65 0 62% 20% 3.129 0.002 38% 43% 0.873 13% 16% 0.822 0.411 30% 18% 1.68 0.093 35% 44% 0.798 4% 7% 0.536 0.592 9% 11% 0.799 0.424 27% 47% 0.576 ur formal education for this work? 25.9% 5.0% 5.167 0 17.8% 4.0% 4.442 0 16.4% 14.3% 1.153 34.9% 5.1% 6.899 0 34.6% 4.8% 7.184 0 27.3% 13.8% 1.98 20.5% 4.6% 4.43 0 24.8% 4.6% 5.438 0 31.1% 14.9% 2.082 18.0% 4.5% 4.011 0 22.8% 4.5% 5.094 0 25.2% 11.6% 2.174 0.8% 0.8% 1.001 0.317 0.0% 0.0% . . 0.0% 0.0% . 100.1% 100.0% 100.0% um level of formal education do you think would be required before someone would be able to carry out this work? 13.7% 3.8% 3.653 0 15.8% 3.7% 4.217 0 16.9% 10.4% 1.622 86.3% 3.8% 23.002 0 84.2% 3.7% 22.53 0 83.1% 10.4% 7.996 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% nd this work as [occupation]? 2.7% 1.6% 1.615 0.106 3.6% 1.8% 2.042 0.041 2.9% 4.3% 0.674 0.2% 0.7% 0.318 0.751 1.1% 1.1% 1.016 0.31 0.7% 1.8% 0.396 1.7% 1.5% 1.08 0.28 1.7% 1.4% 1.214 0.225 4.8% 4.9% 0.982 60.5% 6.4% 9.447 0 56.0% 5.7% 9.908 0 45.1% 14.8% 3.046 5.2% 2.6% 2 0.046 9.2% 3.1% 3.019 0.003 20.1% 10.6% 1.901 3.3% 2.4% 1.409 0.159 2.7% 1.6% 1.681 0.093 0.0% 0.0% . 6.4% 3.4% 1.864 0.062 11.8% 3.8% 3.079 0.002 13.9% 9.8% 1.414 4.1% 2.8% 1.475 0.14 6.8% 2.9% 2.323 0.02 5.2% 8.0% 0.651 15.9% 4.2% 3.809 0 7.1% 2.6% 2.741 0.006 7.2% 6.8% 1.061 100.0% 100.0% 99.9% Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 5.60% 3.90% 1.421 0.155 3 100.1% 71 9.50% 1.50% 6.373 0 77 100.1% 643 7.50% 5.80% 1.302 0.193 3 100% 56 1.90% 4.00% 0.479 0.632 1 100% 13 0.00% 0.00% . . 0 100% 3 9.90% 1.50% 6.687 0 79 100.0% 648 1.80% 2.80% 0.646 0.518 1 100.0% 66 ys/30 hours (not part of the formal educational system)? 9.1% 1.4% 6.427 0 75 100.0% 649 9.6% 6.1% 1.594 0.111 5 100.0% 65 9.4% 1.6% 5.976 0 74 100.0% 619 7.2% 4.1% 1.739 0.082 6 100.1% 95 9.4% 1.9% 5.059 0 62 100.0% 499 8.6% 2.5% 3.425 0.001 18 100.0% 215 Level 4/5 p-value 0.166 0 0 0.644 . 0 0.513 ys/30 hours (not part of the 0 0.104 0 0.082 0 0.001 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 8.90% 2.00% 4.421 0 37 100.0% 332 9.30% 1.90% 4.903 0 43 100.1% 382 9.10% 1.50% 6.255 0 77 100.1% 681 9.60% 6.50% 1.479 0.139 3 100.0% 33 6.70% 1.70% 3.904 0 32 100.0% 389 11.90% 3.10% 3.844 0 34 99.9% 232 18.10% 8.80% 2.065 0.039 13 100.0% 65 7.20% 2.10% 3.504 0 31 99.9% 349 10.00% 2.80% 3.603 0 30 99.9% 228 17.60% 6.40% 2.747 0.006 19 100.0% 100 which step do you think your family was when you were 15 years old? 5.90% 4.10% 1.443 0.149 5 100.1% 91 9.30% 1.70% 5.419 0 63 100.0% 527 11.40% 5.00% 2.28 0.023 12 100.0% 95 s accident of a household member; a family breakup/separation/divorce; alcohol or ed displacement; or others. 9.90% 1.60% 6.184 0 70 100.1% 567 7.10% 4.20% 1.695 0.09 7 100.0% 98 4.70% 3.50% 1.348 0.178 3 100.1% 48 9.1% 1.4% 6.446 0 72 100.0% 669 10.0% 6.4% 1.567 0.117 8 100.0% 45 6.40% 2.30% 2.79 0.005 22 99.9% 251 9.30% 2.70% 3.476 0.001 22 100.0% 236 11.60% 3.00% 3.853 0 36 100.0% 227 0.0% 0.0% . . 1 100.1% 1 14.6% 9.1% 1.609 0.109 4 100.0% 8 8.7% 2.2% 3.918 0 15 100.0% 32 7.6% 2.5% 3.067 0.002 16 99.9% 147 11.9% 2.6% 4.522 0 19 99.9% 128 9.2% 2.5% 3.655 0 14 100.0% 168 13.6% 5.7% 2.391 0.018 9 100.0% 123 2.6% 2.6% 1.01 0.314 2 100.0% 51 Level 4/5 p-value 0 0 0 0.153 0 0 0.039 0 0 0.004 which step do you think your 0.147 0 0.028 s accident of a household ght/flood or other natural 0 0.076 0.185 0 0.119 0.004 0 0 . 0.478 0.188 0.013 0.003 0.003 0.025 0.034 0.204 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 1.4% 1.9% 0.727 0.467 1 100.0% 78 8.0% 2.3% 3.534 0 27 100.0% 275 9.7% 3.2% 3.048 0.002 17 100.1% 165 13.1% 3.7% 3.572 0 35 99.9% 194 weights, distances, etc., calculate prices or costs, use or calculate fractions, decimals or 2.2% 4.4% 0.495 0.621 0 100% 27 4.2% 1.9% 2.276 0.023 9 100% 177 9.6% 3.4% 2.858 0.004 12 100% 141 11.8% 2.1% 5.617 0 59 100% 368 1.1% 2.4% 0.469 0.639 0 100.0% 39 4.7% 3.0% 1.562 0.118 7 100.0% 107 6.9% 2.7% 2.595 0.009 11 99.9% 144 11.6% 2.2% 5.265 0 62 100.0% 423 Level 4/5 p-value 12 months? 0.456 0 0.003 0 weights, distances, etc., geometry, trigonometry, 0.629 0.015 0.002 0 0.643 0.116 0.009 0 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 2.6% 6.4% 0.402 0.688 0 100.1% 9 9.3% 1.4% 6.586 0 80 100.0% 699 Level 4/5 p-value 0.688 0 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N more thinking to figure out how they should be done. As part of this work, how often do 7.8% 4.1% 1.922 0.055 8 100.0% 87 3.2% 2.1% 1.472 0.141 5 100.1% 99 11.6% 4.3% 2.731 0.006 13 100.0% 108 8.8% 5.5% 1.587 0.112 5 100.1% 46 1.6% 1.9% 0.866 0.386 3 100.0% 103 5.0% 3.5% 1.416 0.157 4 100.0% 76 11.3% 4.8% 2.368 0.018 13 100.0% 94 11.1% 1.8% 6.158 0 60 100.1% 440 6.3% 2.2% 2.814 0.005 16 100.1% 226 1.1% 4.9% 0.223 0.823 0 100.0% 9 2.9% 7.3% 0.404 0.686 0 100.0% 7 12.4% 4.3% 2.878 0.004 15 100.0% 102 al software; presentation, graphics software (such as powerpoint); designing websites; 6.3% 2.2% 2.811 0.005 16 100.0% 225 9.2% 7.7% 1.2 0.23 3 100.0% 33 11.7% 5.0% 2.357 0.018 12 99.9% 85 6.3% 2.2% 2.831 0.005 19 100.0% 245 11.8% 4.7% 2.496 0.013 12 100.1% 99 nges from 1 to 10, where 1 is little involvement and 10 means much of the work 5.7% 2.9% 1.958 0.05 7 100.0% 88 6.8% 4.3% 1.604 0.109 7 100.0% 89 8.8% 3.9% 2.295 0.022 10 100.0% 99 10.3% 5.7% 1.801 0.072 7 100.1% 68 6.2% 5.2% 1.186 0.235 4 100% 34 9.6% 3.2% 2.97 0.003 18 100% 163 7.7% 3.3% 2.297 0.022 9 100% 112 1.4% 2.5% 0.551 0.581 0 100% 35 Level 4/5 p-value more thinking to figure out 0.022 0.13 0 0.114 0.368 0.145 0.009 0 0 0.827 0.693 0 al software; presentation, rogramming; managing 0 0.258 0.003 0 0 nges from 1 to 10, where 1 is 0.044 0.067 0.015 0.036 0.238 0 0.009 0.582 Level 4/5 p-value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 3.6% 1.0% 3.454 0.001 30 46% 328 5.5% 1.2% 4.407 0 50 54% 386 not a member of your household, for example, a public or private enterprise or 7.3% 2.1% 3.518 0 27 89% 291 0.7% 0.7% 1.001 0.317 3 11% 37 handicaped, in compulsory military service, do not want to work, have found a job here are no jobs, other. 2.6% 1.2% 2.146 0.032 13 21% 79 7.6% 1.8% 4.139 0 37 79% 307 0.3% 0.4% 0.872 0.383 1 4% 10 0.4% 0.6% 0.67 0.503 1 7% 19 5.7% 1.9% 2.964 0.003 21 66% 196 1.7% 1.2% 1.447 0.148 4 23% 66 Level 4/5 Total Coef. SE t-stat p-value N Row % N 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 2 11.9% 4.5% 2.61 0.009 11 100% 75 7.2% 3.1% 2.329 0.02 15 100% 161 4.0% 3.9% 1.004 0.315 2 100% 53 8.9% 6.1% 1.456 0.146 3 100% 52 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100% 2 8.4% 2.5% 3.306 0.001 25 100.1% 262 9.2% 10.2% 0.91 0.363 1 99.9% 10 6.3% 6.3% 0.991 0.322 1 100.1% 25 9.7% 19.5% 0.494 0.621 1 100.1% 3 10.0% 33.2% 0.302 0.763 0 100.0% 1 0.126 0.206 0.611 0.541 2 100% 19 0.14 0.295 0.475 0.635 0 100% 7 0.037 0.046 0.81 0.418 0 100% 3 5.6% 4.8% 1.16 0.25 7 100.0% 73 6.0% 3.0% 2.001 0.045 7 100.0% 126 10.7% 6.1% 1.752 0.08 8 99.9% 76 10.5% 5.2% 2.03 0.042 9 100.1% 67 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 2 8.6% 5.5% 1.565 0.118 5 100.0% 57 7.7% 2.2% 3.486 0 26 100.0% 287 9.0% 12.7% 0.708 0.479 1 100.1% 9 6.5% 15.9% 0.41 0.682 0 100.0% 3 24.2% 22.6% 1.072 0.284 2 99.9% 5 6.6% 3.1% 2.166 0.03 11 100.0% 162 20.8% 10.9% 1.909 0.056 8 100.0% 25 0.0% 0.0% . . 0 100.0% 10 11.9% 8.6% 1.383 0.167 3 100.0% 26 6.1% 9.3% 0.66 0.509 0 100.0% 19 5.1% 4.6% 1.11 0.27 2 100.1% 32 Level 4/5 p-value . 0.005 0.002 0.315 0.116 . 0 0.402 0.012 0.61 0.82 0.383 0.425 0.565 0.249 0.048 0.037 0.03 . 0.105 0 0.5 0.692 0.326 0.002 0.057 . 0.157 0.515 0.289