71093 Germany: Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 2007 GDP 2007 GDP 2007 Share 2007 Trade Membership No. of RTAs/ EIAs (millions) per capita in World Trade per capita GATT WTO Goods Services $3,283,998 $39,937 8.76% $35,311 1951 1995 25 4 Germany TRADE PERFORMANCE ‡ HI OECD Ranking Decile TP High inc TRADE POLICY (TP) (out of 125) 25 2 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE) (out of 126) 20 2 TO EE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) (out of 181) 25 2 TRADE FACILITATION (TF) (out of 151) 3 1 TRADE OUTCOME (TO) (out of 161) 72 5 TF IE ‡ Rankings are based on the "representative" indicators (in bold) in each group below for the latest year Outer bound represents best value in latest year TRADE POLICY (TP)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Trade Tariff Restrictiveness Index (MFN applied tariffs)& 3.9 4.1 4.1 * TTRI (applied tariffs including preferences) & .. 1.6 1.8 * TTRI Overall TRI (OTRI, applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& .. 6.5 6.4 * (MFN) Other trade policy indicators MFN applied tariff - simple avg (%) 7.9 6.1 5.3 5.5 Applied Dispersion (coefficient of variation) 4.4 10.1 1.7 2.0 tariff (wgt avg) Maximum rate 1635.3 2102.4 201.3 228.8 Agriculture - simple avg (%) 26.4 19.1 14.7 16.7 Import Nonagriculture - simple avg (%) 5.2 4.2 3.9 3.8 duties MFN applied tariff - trade weighted avg (%) 5.7 3.5 3.2 3.2 MFN zero-duty imports (% in total imports) 27.4 44.3 58.8 56.7 * Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - trade weighted avg (%) 4.3 2.2 1.9 2.1 Nontariff measures Agriculture 20.4 11.2 9.4 10.1 Nonagriculture 2.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 0 10 20 30 40 Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - production weighted avg (%) .. 1.3 1.5 * HI OECD High inc Germany Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) escalation (finished% minus raw%) -0.3 1.0 1.0 Agriculture .. 7.4 14.4 16.5 Nonagriculture .. -2.2 1.0 0.9 Import duties (% of imports) .. .. .. .. Services commit. Tariff overhang (MFN bound less MFN applied rate,%) -0.3 1.4 0.2 0.0 Bound tariff frequency ratio (% of total lines) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 * Specific tariffs frequency ratio (%) 3.2 3.7 12.5 10.5 0 40 80 Non-tariff measures frequency ratio (%) 34.4 .. .. .. HI OECD High inc Germany Overall GATS commitment index (0-100, best) .. 46.4 46.4 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ MA-TTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.)& 4.8 4.4 * MA-OTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& 14.3 9.1 * MA-TTRI Other external environment indicators ROW applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - weighted avg (%) 5.6 4.6 3.6 3.4 * MFN duty free Agriculture 19.9 21.2 10.9 8.0 * (exports) Nonagriculture 5.2 4.2 3.4 3.3 * MFN zero-duty exports (% of total exports) 19.0 28.6 45.1 46.0 * Value of prefer Exports with FTA / CU partners (% of total exports) 62.7 70.6 69.7 69.1 * Preferences (EU+U.S.) utilization rate (%) .. .. .. .. 0 1 Lowest Highest Preferences (EU+U.S.) actual value (% of exports) .. .. .. .. HI OECD High inc Germany Real effective exchange rate (% change,+ =apprec.) -1.7 0.1 0.4 1.3 ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used(noted by *). For more infor., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008. ŸMFN: most favored nation; NTM: nontariff measures; MA: market access; ROW: rest of the world; FTA: free trade agreement; CU: customs union; WTO: World Trade Organization GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; WGI: World Government Indicators; ".." indicates missing value; RTA/EIA: regional trade arrangement / economic integration arrangement; & 2007 are preliminary estimates Germany Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) 2004 2006 2007 2008 Ease of Doing Business (rank out of 181) .. .. 20 25 Starting a business (rank) .. .. 75 102 Enforcing contracts (rank) .. .. 11 102 Ease of Doing Closing a business (rank) .. 31 9 Business Other institutional environment indicators WGI - Regulatory Quality (-2.5 to +2.5, best) 1.43 1.66 1.68 .. 0 80 160 WGI - Rule of Law (-2.5 to +2.5, best) 1.71 1.77 1.78 .. HI OECD High inc Germany WGI - Control of Corruption (-2.5 to +2.5, best) 1.91 1.84 1.80 .. TRADE FACILITATION (TF) 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Logistics Performance Index (LPI, 1 to 5 best) .. .. 4.1 4.1 * Efficiency of customs and other border procedures .. .. 3.9 3.9 * Logistic Index Quality of transport and IT infrastructures .. .. 4.2 4.2 * International transportation costs .. .. 3.9 3.9 * Logistics competence .. .. 4.2 4.2 * Trading Trackability of shipments .. .. 4.1 4.1 * Across Borders Domestic transportation costs .. .. 2.3 2.3 * Timeliness of shipment .. .. 4.3 4.3 * Other trade facilitation indicators UNCTAD Shipping Doing Business - Trading Across Borders (rank out of 181) .. 9 11 No. of documents required for exports .. .. 4 4 No. of days process required for exports .. .. 39 22 Telephones Cost to export (US$ per container) .. .. 740 822 per 100 No. of documents required for imports .. .. 5 5 No. of days process required for imports .. .. 7 7 Secondary Cost to import (US$ per container) .. .. 765 887 enrollment Liner shipping connectivity index (0-100 best) .. .. 78.6 89.0 Telephones and mobiles per 100 people 68.5 137.0 172.1 183.4 * 0 Lowest 1 Highest Average cost of 3-minute call to U.S. (US$) 1.8 0.4 .. .. HI OECD High inc Germany Internet usage (per 100 people) 8.5 35.8 47.3 51.7 * Secondary gross school enrollment (%) 98.0 99.5 100.5 100.7 * TRADE OUTCOME (TO) ## 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Real growth in trade of goods and services (%) 7.4 5.9 8.5 7.3 10 8.7 8.5 Exports 7.6 7.3 9.2 8.7 8 8.4 7.4 7.9 7.2 7.3 6.6 Imports 7.3 4.4 9.6 5.7 6 5.9 5.7 5.3 Other trade outcome indicators 4 Trade integration (trade as % of GDP) 52.7 67.6 82.6 93.7 2 FDI inflow (% of GDP) 1.0 3.2 1.4 1.6 0 1995-99 2000-04 2005-07 2008 World trade share growth (%) -1.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1 Trade Growth Rate Exports -1.1 1.4 0.4 0.1 Germany HI OECD High inc Imports -1.6 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 Merchandise share in total exports (%) 86.4 86.2 86.7 88.3 Exports Share (2005-07) Agriculture 5.1 4.5 4.4 4.2 * Service, Agric, Manufacturing 74.4 73.2 73.0 71.7 * 4.4 13.3 Mining, fuel and others 6.8 8.4 9.1 10.8 * Mining, Service share in total exports (%) 13.6 13.8 13.3 11.7 9.1 Tourism 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.5 * Transportation 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.2 * Other services 7.4 7.9 7.7 7.6 * Export product concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 8.9 10.1 9.2 8.9 * Manuf, Export market concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 22.6 22.4 21.3 21.1 * 73.0 Top 5 exports share (% of merchandise exports) .. .. 22.3 22.4 * Top 5 exports (SITC Rev. 2; 3 digit) ( 781) Passenger cars ( 784) Auto parts and accessories (542) Medicaments ( 772) Electric equipment ( 713) Internal combustion engines ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used (noted by *). For more info., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008 ## Most outcome indicators (mostly through 2007) are from the WDI (World Bank, Data Group), UNCTAD or COMTRADE; for filling gaps and 2008, data from the Prospects Group are used.