E808 VOL. 3 Environmental Assessment for Tai Basin Urban Environment Project (Final Report) Environmental Hydraulic Institute of Hohai University Nanjing People's Republic of China November 2003 Environmental Assessment for Tai Basin Urban Environment Project (Final Report) Environmental Hydraulic Institute of Hohai University Nanjing People's Republic of China November 2003 Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction.I 1.1 Background .......................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose of Assessment........................................................................... 1 1.3 Basis of the Assessment 2.................................. 1.4 Project Composition .......................................................................... 3 1.5 Assessment Standards. 3 1.6 Assessment Scope ......................................................................... 10 1.7 Environmental Protected Objects ......................................................................... 10 1.8 EA Work Arrangement ......................................................................... 12 Section 2 Strategic Considerations......................................................................... 14 2.1 Environmental Protection Plan for the Tai Basin.14 2.2 Plan for Improving the Water Quality of Suzhou and Wuxi ................................ ........................... 15 2.3 Analysis of the Coordination between the Project to Be Financed by the World Bank and the Plan of the Government for Environmental Protection .......................................................................... 16 2.4 Promotion of Regional Social and Economic Development by Implementation of the Project ..... 17 Section 3 Project Description and Engineering Analysis ............................. .............................. 18 3.1 Project Composition and Total Investment .................................................... ...................... 18 3.2 Description of Proposed Project Components .......................................................................... 18 3.3 Construction Scheme and Schedule Arrangement .......................................................................... 24 3.4 Engineering Analysis for Rehabilitation Components during Construction Period........................ 26 3.5 WWTP Components .......................................................................... 27 Section 4 Comparison of Alternatives.......................................................................... 36 4.1 Site Alternative Comparison for Polluted Water Control Projects .................... .............................. 39 4.2 Alternatives for Disposal of Spoil and Sediment in Rehabilitation Components and Their Analysis ........................................................................................................ ..................................................... 42 4.3 Process Analysis and Selection for WWTPs .......................................................................... 48 4.4 Analysis of Sludge Disposal Alternatives for WWTPs ................................................................... 51 4.5 Comparison ofWWTP Sites and Effluent Discharge outlet Alternatives .............. ......................... 54 Section 5 Environmental Overview and Baseline Monitoring and Assessment ......................... 57 5.I Natural Setting .......................................................................... 57 5.2 Socio-economic Overview .......................................................................... 58 5.3 Baseline Assessment for Water Environment .......................................................................... 59 5.4 Baseline Assessment for Ambient Air Environment ....................................................................... 67 5.5 Baseline Assessment for Noise Environment .......................................................................... 68 5.6 Baseline Assessment for the Soil and Sediment .......................................................................... 69 5.7 Baseline Assessment for Groundwater .................................. ........................................ 71 5.8 Outline of Current Ecological Environment .......................................................................... 74 5.9 Current Status of Relics .......................................................................... 77 Section 6 Prediction & Assessment of Environmental Impact during Construction Period..... 78 6.1 Analysis of Impact on Water Environment During Construction Period .............. .......................... 78 6.2 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Ambient Air Environment During Construction Period. 79 6.3 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Noise Environment During Construction Period ........... 80 6.4 Analysis of Impact for Sanjiaozui Sludge Disposal Site on Environment ...................................... 82 6.5 Analysis of Impact on Ecological Environment During Construction Period ............ .................... 83 6.6 Analysis of Social Impact During Construction Period .................................................................. 85 Secion 7 Prediction & Assessment of Environmental Impact during Operation Period........... 87 7.1 Prediction & Assessment of Impact on Water Environment During Operation Period ......... ......... 87 7.2 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Ambient Air Environment during Operation Period .... 100 7.3 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Noise Environment during Operation Period ........ ....... 103 7.4 Assessment of Impact on Ecological Environment during Operation Period ........... .................... 105 7.5 Impact of Sludge From WWV TP on Environment .......................................................................... 107 7.6 Impact of TBUEP on Social Environment .......................................................................... 108 7.7 Impact to Public Health .......................................................................... 109 7.8 Impact of Flood Risk .......................................................................... 109 Section 8 Public Participation............................................................................ I 8.1 Methodology ............................................................................ I 8.2 The First Round of Public Participation .......................................................................... 112 8.3 The Second Round of Public Participation ......................................................................... . 120 8.4 Information Disclosure .......................................................................... 124 Section 9 Mitigation Measures of Environment Impact........................................................... 126 9.1 General Mitigation Measures .......................................................................... 126 9.2 Pollution Mitigation Measures for Environmental Rehabilitation Components in Suzhou .......... 128 9.3 Pollution Mitigation Measures for Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Component in Wuxi...................... 132 9.4 Pollution Mitigation Measures for WWTPs .......................................................................... 135 Section 10 Resettlement of Immigrants and Implementation Plan........................................... 140 10.1 Impact of Land Acquisition and Resettlement of Immigrants ..................... ............................... 140 10.2 Resettlement Principle .......................................................................... 142 10.3 Compensation Standard .......................................................................... 143 10.4 Resettlement Plan .......................................................................... 145 10.5 Organization Flowchart.......................................................................... 148 10.6 Execution Schedule .......................................................................... 149 Section 11 Environmental Management.......................................................................... 151 11. I Environmental Management Organizations and Their Functions of the Project .......... ............. 151 11.2 Environmental Management for Suzhou Rehabilitation Component .............. ........................... 151 11.3 Environmental Management for Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Component..................................... 153 11.4 Environmental Management for WWTPs ........................................................................ .. 155 Section 12 Environmental Monitoring Plan.......................................................................... 159 12.1 Monitoring Plan for Suzhou River Network Dredging Component ............... ............................ 159 12.2 Monitoring Plan for Suzhou Polluted Water Control Component ................ .............................. 160 12.3 Monitoring Plan for Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Component........................................................ 160 12.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan for 6 WWTPs .......................................................................... 162 12.5 Supplementary Monitoring Plan during Construction Period..................................................... 166 ii 12.6 Environmental Management and Monitoring Cost........................................................ 166 12.7 Staff Training Plan ........................................................ 167 Section 13 Conclusions and Suggestion ........................................................ 169 13.1 The Compatibility of The Project with Overall Plan ............................................ ............ 169 13.2 Project Composition ........................................................ 169 13.3 Summary for Comparison ofAlternatives ........................................................ 169 13.4 Water Impacts - Primary Positive Impacts/Benefits of the Project ............................. ............... 169 13.5 The Potential Negative Impact on the Environment ...................................... .................. 170 13.6 Conclusions ........................................................ 172 13.7 Suggestions ........................................................ 172 Annex........................................................ 174 Annex 1: Annex of section 3........................................................ 175 Annex 2: Annex of section 5........................................................ 182 Annex 3: Annex of section 7........................................................ 183 Annex 4: Annex of section 12........................................................ 187 Annex 5: Advertisement on Xinhua Daily, Wuxi Daily and Suzhou Daily ...................... .................. 189 iii List of Tables Table 1.5-1 Environmental quality standards for surface water................................................................... 4 Table 1.5-2 Max. allowable effluent concentration of basic control items ...................... ............................ 4 Table 1.5-3 Max. allowable effluent concentration of a part of Category I pollutants ............. ................... 5 Table 1.5-4 Max. allowable effluent concentration of Category I pollutants............................................... S Table 1.5-5 Water quality standard for wastewater discharged into municipal sewer ............. .................... 5 Table 1.5-6 Ambient air quality standard ..................................................................... 6 Table 1.5-7 Max. allowable concentration of air pollutants at plant boundaries ................. ........................ 6 Table 1.5-8 Max. allowable concentration of air pollutants at residential area............................................ 6 Table 1.5-9 Environment noise standard for urban areas..................................................................... 7 Table 1.5-10 Standard of noise at boundary of industrial enterprises .......................................................... 7 Table 1.5-11 No Noise limits for construction site ..................................................................... 7 Table 1.5-12 Environmental quality standard for soils . .................................................................... 7 Table 1.5-13 Pollutants limits for sludge agricultural standard ................................................................... 8 (Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal WWTP..................................................................... 8 Table 1.5-14 Standard values of extraction procedure toxicity ................................................................... 8 (Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Procedure Toxicity ............... 8 Table 1.5-15 Quality standard for groundwater ..................................................................... 8 Table 1.7-1 Water environmental protected objects.................................................................... 10 Table 1.7-2 Ambient air and noise environmental protected objects .......................................................... 11 Table 1.8-1 EA team and arrangement ..................................................................... 12 Table 3.1 -1 Project components ofTBUEP .................................................................... 18 Table 3.2-1 The rehabilitation components of TBUEP ................................................... ................. 18 Table 3.2-2 Sketch of rivers and buildings for polluted water control component .............. ...................... 19 Table 3.2-3 Main workload for polluted water control component ................................. ......................... 19 Table 3.2-4 Type and length of embankment rehabilitation component .......................... .......................... 19 Table 3.2-5 Workload of embankment rehabilitation component .............................................................. 20 Table 3.2-6 Workload of ecological restoration component .................................................................... 20 Table 3.2-7 Silting grade of river courses .................................................................... 20 Table 3.2-8 Dredging standard ofriver courses ....................... ............................................. 20 Table 3.2-9 Dredging scope of rivers .................................................................... 21 Table 3.2-10 Dredging amount in different district.................................................................... 21 Table 3.2-11 Main workload of Xujiang hub component .................................................................... 22 Table 3.2-12 Main workload of Shangtang river ship lock component ............................. ........................ 22 Table 3.2-13 Briefs conditions of proposed WWTPs ............................................ ........................ 22 Table 3.2-14 Scale of the proposed WWTPs . ...................... ........................................ 22 Table 3.2-15 Design influent and effluent concentration for the proposed WWTPs ............. .................... 22 Table 3.2-16 Collection system of the proposed WWTPs .................................................................... 24 Table 3.3-I Sludge transport routes of river dredging for all districts ................................ ....................... 25 Table 3.3-2 Construction schedule of rehabilitation components .............................................................. 26 Table 3.4-1 Domestic wastewater and pollutants load of constructor........................................................ 26 Table 3.4-2 Noise level of dredger for rehabilitation components ........................................................... 1.26 Table 3.4-3 Noise value of main construction equipments for Rehabilitation Components .......... ............ 27 iv Table 3.4-4 Spoil amount of rehabilitation components ........................................................................ 27 Table 3.5-1 Status quo domestic wastewater and pollutant load in service area of proposed WWTP ....... 27 Table 3.5-2 Domestic wastewater and pollutannt load for proposed WWTPs in 2010 and 2020.............. 28 Table 3.5-3 Statistics of main industrial wastewater and pollutants amount in service area of WWTPs ... 28 Table 3.5-4 Land areas for industrial development and water demand per unit area in service area of WWTPs ......................................................................... 29 Table 3.5-5 Actual amount of wastewater and pollutants load to be catched by the proposed WWTPs ... 29 Table 3.5-6 Design treatment efficiency for units of existing WWTPs ..................................................... 31 Table 3.5-7 Influent concentration and removal rate of proposed WWTPs ............................................... 32 Table 3.5-8 Max. allowable effluent concentration of a part of Category I pollutants .............................. 32 Table 3.5-9 Water quality standard for wastewater discharged into municipal sewer ............................... 33 Table 3.5-10 Pollutants load of influent and effluent for proposed WWTPs ............................................. 34 Table 3.5-11 Pollutants load of Influent and Effluent for proposed WWTPs ............................................ 34 Table 3.5-12 Total reduction of pollutants load for proposed WWTPs ..................................................... 34 Table 3.5-13 Noise source strength of main equipment for WWTPs......................................................... 34 Table 3.5-14 Amount of sludge produced for proposed WWTPs.............................................................. 35 Table 4-1 Comparison of alternatives for components of TBUEP ............................................................ 36 Table 4.1 -1 Comparison of gate site alternatives for Xujiang Hub ................................... ......................... 41 Table 4.1-2 Comparison of sites for Shangtang River ship lock................................................................ 42 Table 4.2-1 Spoil and sediment amount of rehabilitation components ...................................................... 43 Table 4.2-2 Comparison of water and land transport........................................................................ 44 Table 4.2-3 General conditions of the proposed sites ........................................................................ 45 Table 4.2-4 Comparison of proposed sediment disposal sites ................................................................... 47 Table 4.3-1 Comparison of advantages, disadvantages and technical and economic aspects of three Processes .......................................................................... 50 Table 4.4-1 Domestic and industrial wastewater amoun collected by WWTPs......................................... 51 Table 4.4-2 Sludge properties of City west WWTP in Suzhou.................................................................. 51 Table 4.4-3 Average value of heavy metal content in sludge ofWWTPs of 44 Cities in China................ 51 Table 4.4-4 Biochemical sludge monitoring result of existing WWTP ..................................................... 52 Table 4.4-5 Conventional sludge disposal technologies of WWTP........................................................... 52 Table 4.4-6 Disposal scenario of sludge from WWTPs ......................................................................... 52 Table 4.5-I Comparison of alte rnatives for HuishanWWTP .................................................................... 54 Table 4.5-2 Effect of different discharge locations on water quality of Huishan WWTP (COD).............. 55 Table 4.5-3 Comparison of alternatives for Anzhen WWTP ................................................................... 55 Table 5.2-1 Main indicators of national economy for each city (2002) ..................................................... 58 Table 5.3-1 The key industrial pollution sources in Wuxi city and Suzhou city in 2000........................... 59 Table 5.3-2 Pollutants amount for Wuxi and Suzhou in 2000 ................................................................... 60 Table 5.3-3 Centralized treatment planning for wastewater in Wuxi area................................................. 60 Table 5.3-4 Centralized treatment planning for wastewater in Suzhou area.............................................. 61 Table 5.3-5 Pollutant load in partial area (Liyuan and Dongjiang town) around Wuli Lake ..................... 61 Table 5.3-6 Pollutant load of in Suzhou central urban district ................................................................... 62 Table 5.3-7 Average concentration of water quality for major rivers in Wuxi.......................................... 62 Table 5.3-8 Average concentration of water quality for major rivers in Suzhou ............................... 63 Table 5.3-9 Average concentration of water quality for rivers surrounding Tai Lake in 2000.................. 64 v Table 5.3-10 Average annual concentration value of water quality for regional rivers ........... .................. 65 Table 5.3-11 Average annual concentration of water quality for the Grand Canal ............. ....................... 65 Table 5.3-12 Average annual value of water concentration for lakes ............................... ......................... 66 Table 5.3-13 Average annual value of water quality for the protecion objects ................ .......................... 66 Table 5.4-1 Average value of ambient air quality for five consecutive days in 2003 ............ .................... 67 Table 5.5-1 Summary of baseline assessment for noise emvironment ....................................................... 68 Table 5.6-1 Monitoring results for the soil background value ................................................................... 69 Table 5.6-2 Industrial pollution sources near dredging river courses ............................... ......................... 70 Table 5.6-3 Summary of sediment monitoring results ............................................................... ....... 72 Table 5.6-4 Monitoring results of sediment leaching test ...................................................................... 73 Table 5.7-1 Monitoring results of groundwater quality ...................................................................... 73 Table 5.8-1 Land utilization of Suzhou and Wuxi .................................. .................................... 74 Table 5.8-2 Species and density of phytoplankton...................................................................... 75 Table 5.8-3 Protected species of city level and variations in Suzhou ............................... ......................... 76 Table 5.8-4 Municipal protected species of Suzhou and variation............................................................. 77 Table 6.1-1 Water quality results of Wangyu River and Taipu River rehabilitation project ....................... 79 Table 6.2-1 Test results of dust reduction by water spraying on construction roads.................................. 79 Table 6.2-2 Protected objects under impact of flying dust...................................................................... 79 Table 6.2-3 Odor strength levels ...................................................................... 80 Table 6.2-4 Protected objects under impact of odor...................................................................... 80 Table 6.3-1 Attenuation of noise from main construction equipment ....................................... I................ 81 Table 6.3-2 Protected objects under impact of construction noise............................................................. 81 Table 6.4-1 Geological data of shiziyang river guotai bridge project ................................ ........................ 82 Table 6.5-1 Statistic table of land acquisition by the component .............................................................. 84 Table 6.6-1 Sludge transport scheme for Suzhou river dredging............................................................... 85 Table 7.1-I Prediction scenarios ofWWTPs component...................................................................... 87 Table 7.1-2 Analysis of CODm, simulated concentration of rivers around Tai Lake................................. 88 Table 7.1-3 Analysis of CODm, simulated concentration of rivers around Tai Lake................................. 88 Table 7.1-4 Analysis of NH3-N simulated concentration of rivers around Tai Lake ............ ..................... 88 Table 7.1-5 Analysis of TP simulated concentration of rivers around Tai Lake ............... ......................... 89 Table 7.1-6 Analysis of CODm,, simulation concentrations of main rivers in Wuxi & Suzhou ......... ........ 90 Table 7.1-7 Analysis of BOD5 simulation concentrations of main rivers in Wuxi & Suzhou ......... .......... 90 Table 7.1-8 Analysis of NH3-N simulation concentrations of main rivers in Wuxi & Suzhou .................. 91 Table 7.1-9 Analysis of TP simulation concentrations of main rivers in Wuxi & Suzhou ......................... 91 Table 7.1-10 Percentage of waterways with various water classes in Suzhou &Wuxi river network ........ 94 Table 7.1 -II The average annual simulated concentrations of Tai Lake under various scenarios ........ .....95 Table 7.1-12 The wasteloads of Tai Lake under various scenarios ........................................ .................... 95 Table 7.1-13 Impact length of effluent from WWTPs ............................................................... ....... 95 Table 7.1-14 Prediction scenarios for Suzhou polluted water control component ...................... .............. 96 Table 7.1-15 Analysis of waterway flow calculation results...................................................................... 96 Table 7.1-16 Analysis of waterway CODmn simulated concentration ............................ ........................... 97 Table 7.1-17 Predicted scenarios of rivers dredging component in Suzhou .................. ............................ 98 Table 7.1-18 Improvement values of CODm,, simulation concentrations ...................... ............................ 98 Table 7.1-19 CODcr discharge & reduction amounts of Suzhou & Wuxi river network .......... ............... 100 vi Table 7.2-1 Hygiene protection distance for WWTPs ........................................... ...................... 100 Table 7.2-2 Protected objects of each WWTP .................... ............................................. 101 Table 7.2-3 Predicted atmospheric results for each WWTP ................................................................. 102 Table 7.2-4 Impact distances of odor from Wuzhong wastewater pumping stations ............. .................. 103 Table 7.3-I Prediction and assessment results of noise environment for WWTP component ......... ........ 104 Table 7.3-2 Dynamic noise limits of passenger boats ..................................... ............................ 104 Table 7.3-3 Predicted noise values of ships entering and leaving shiplocks ................... ......................... 104 Table 7.4-1 Restoration of submerged vegetation in Xuanwu lake ecologic zone................................... 105 Table 7.5-1 Concentration of heavy metals in sludge and solid wastes ............................. ...................... 108 Table 8.1-1 Consultation methods for public participation ................................................................. 111 Table 8.1-2 Locations of first round public participation consultation ..................................................... llI Table 8.2-1 Public consultation activity conducted for Wuli lake rehabilitation ...................................... 112 Table 8.2-2 Status statistic of consulted public for Wuli lake rehabilitation ............................................. 112 Table 8.2-3 Public participation questionnaire analysis of Wuli lake rehabilitation ................................. 112 Table 8.2-4 Public consultation activity conducted for Anzhen WWTP................................................... 113 Table 8.2-5 Status statistic of consulted public for Anzhen WWTP ......................................................... 113 Table 8.2-6 Statistics on responses in public participation for Anzhen WWTP........................................ 113 Table 8.2-7 Public consultation activity conducted for Huishan WWTP ................................................. 113 Table 8.2-8 Status statistic of consulted public for Huishan WWTP ........................................................ 114 Table 8.2-9 Statistics on responses in public participation for Huishan WWTP ...................................... 114 Table 8.2-10 Public consultation activity conducted for Dongting WWTP . .114 Table 8.2-11 Status statistic ofconsulted public for Dongting WWTP .114 Table 8.2-12 Statistics on responses in public participation for Dongting WVWMTP.115 Table 8.2-13 Public consultation activity conducted for Suzhou river dredging .115 Table 8.2-14 Status statistic of consulted public for Suzhou river dredging 116 Table 8.2-15 Statistics on responses in public participation for for Suzhou river dredging 166...................... Table 8.2-16 Public consultation activity conducted for polluted water control component .................... 117 Table 8.2-17 Status statistic of consulted public for polluted water control component ........................... 117 Table 8.2-18 Statistics on responses in public participation for polluted water control component . 117 Table 8.2-19 Public consultation activity conducted for Loujiang WWTP .118 Table 8.2-20 Status statistic of consulted public for Loujiang WWTP..................................................... 118 Table 8.2-21 Statistics on responses in public participation for Loujiang WWTP .118 Table 8.2-22 Public consultation activity conducted for Fuxing WWTP .119 Table 8.2-23 Status statistic of consulted public for Fuxing WWTP .119 Table 8.2-24 Statistics on responses in public participation for Fuxing WWTP.119 Table 8.2-25 Public consultation activity conducted for Wuzhong WWTP .120 Table 8.2-26 Statistics on responses in rublic rarticipation for Wuzhong WWTP .120 Table 8.3-1 Second round of public consultation activity for part of components ................ .................. 121 Table 8.3-2 Statistics on responses of public participation for part of components ............... .................. 121 Table 8.3-3 Statistics on responses of public participation for part of components ............... .................. 122 Table 8.4-1 Summary of information disclosure ......................................................... 125 Table 10.1-I Permanent land acquisition for Suzhou components ......................................................... 140 Table 10.1-2 Permanent land acquisition for Suzhou components ......................................................... 140 Table 10.1-3 Temporary land acquisition for Suzhou components ......................................................... 141 vii Table 10.1-4 Temporary land acquisition for Wuxi componenis ....................................... ...................... 141 Table 10.1-5 Residential housing affected from Suzhou components ........................ ............................. 141 Table 10.1-6 Residential housing affected from Wuli Lake component .................... .............................. 141 Table 10.1-7 Enterprises affected from Suzhou component .................................................................... 142 Table 10.1-8 Enterprises affected from Wuxi component ........................................................................ 142 Table 10.3-1 Compensation standard of land acquisition for Suzhou Component ............ ...................... 143 Table 10.3-2 Compensation standard of land acquisition for Wuxi component .144 Table 10.3-3 Compensation standard of urban houses for Suzhou component .144 Table 10.3-4 Compensation standard of non-commercial housing for Suzhou Component .144 Table 10.3-5 Compensation standard of houses with different structures for Wuxi component.145 Table 10.4-1 Resettlement plan of land acquisition for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component .146 Table 10.4-2 Resettlement and Immigration of land acquisition for Anzhen WWTP .147 Table 10.4-3 Resettlement for removal enterprises of Suzhou .148 Table 10.4-4 Resettlement for removal enterprises ofWuxi .148 Table 10.6-1 Implementation plan of resettlement in Suzhou .149 Table 10.6-2 Schedule of land acquisition and removal in Suzhou .150 Table 10.6-3 Implementation plan of resettlement in Wuxi.150 Table 10.6-4 Schedule of land acquisition and removal in Wuxi .150 Table 12.1-1 Environmental monitoring plan for Suzhou river network dredging component. 159 Table 12.2-1 Environmental monitoring plan for Suzhou polluted water control component .160 Table 12.3-1 Environmental monitoring plan for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component during construction period ... 161 Table 12.3-2 Environmental monitoring plan for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component during operation period... 162 Table 12.4-1 Environmental monitoring plan for WWTPs during construction period .162 Table 12.4-2 Environmental monitoring plan for Fuxing WWTP during operation period.163 Table 12.4-3 Environmental monitoring plan for Loujiang WWTP during operation period.163 Table 12.4-4 Environmental monitoring plan for Wuzhong WWTP during operation period 164 Table 12.4-5 Environmental monitoring plan for Huishan WWTP during operation period.164 Table 12.4-6 Environmental monitoring plan for Dongting and Anzhen WWTP during operation period .................................................................................................................................................................... .165 Table 12.4-7 List of main measurement instruments ......................................................................... 166 Table 12.5-1 Supplementary monitoring plan during construction period ................. ............................. 166 Table 12.6-1 Environmental monitoring and management cost ofWuli lake rehabilitation component. 166 Table 12.6-2 Environmental monitoring cost of Suzhou river network dredging component .167 Table 12.6-3 Environmental monitoring cost of Suzhou polluted water control component 167 Table 12.6-4 Environmental monitoring cost of WWTPs .167 Table 12.7-1 Staff training plan .168 Table 13.5-1 Odor standard and protected distance.171 Table 13.5-2 Project affected land statistics.172 Annexed table 3-1I The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Dongting WWTP ............ ............... 175 Annexed table 3-2 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Huishan WWTP ............................. 175 Annexed table 3-3 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Anzhen WWTP ............. ................. 177 Annexed table 3-4 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Fuxing WWTP .............. ................. 178 viii Annexed table 3-5 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Loujiang WWTP .......... .................. 178 Annexed table 5-1 The inspection items and analyzing method ofsediment ............... ........................... 182 Annexed table 7-1 The scale and effluent concentration of WWTPs located in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou in 2010........................................................................ 183 Annexed table 7-2 The simulation results of dynamical status for under scenario BO-B4 ..................... 185 Annexed table 7-3 The simulation results of CODm, under scenario BO-B4.......................................... 185 Annexed table 7-4 The simulation results of dynamical status for rivers in Suzhou under scenario CO-C2 .185 .................................................................................................................................................................... Annexed table 7-5 The simulation results of CODmn for rivers in Suzhou under scenario CO-C2 ......... 186 Annexed table 12-1 Monitoring parameters and frequencies for wastewater ofWWTPs ......... ..............188 Annexed table 12-2 Monitoring parameters and frequencies for sludge of WWTPs ........... ................... 188 ix Acronym A2/O Anaerobic-Anoxic/Oxydic A-O Anaerobic-Oxydic BOD5 5 day Biochemical Oxygen Demand COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CODm,, Permanganate Index Cr6+ Hexavalent chromium EA Environmental Assessment EMS Environmental Monitoring Station EPB Environment Protection Bureau GDP Gross Domestic Product H2S Hydrogen Sulfide mu I mu= 666.66 m2 NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide N0 2 -N Nitrite Nitrogen N03-N Nitrate Nitrogen PM1o Inhalable Particulate Matter(aerodynamic equivalent diameter< 10 IO' m) PMO Project Management Office PRC People's Republic of China RMB Renminbi (Chinese currency yuan) SBR Sequential Batch Reactor SEPA State Environmental Protection Administration SEPB Suzhou Environment Protection Bureau SO2 Sulfur Dioxide SS Suspended solid SWA Suzhou Water Authority TBA Tai Basin Authority TBUEP Tai Basin Urban Environment Project TN Total Nitrogen TP Total Phosphorus TSP Total Suspended Particulates WEPB Wuxi Environmental Protection Bureau WWCB Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant WTO World Trade Organization x Section 1 Introduction 1.1 Background The Tai Basin covers Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces and Shanghai Municipality. It has a total area of 36,500 square kilometers of which 52.5% is in Jiangsu Province, 33.4% in Zhejiang Province, 13.5% in Shanghai and 0.1% in Anhui Province, 0.1%. There are 37 big and medium-sized and county-level cities in the basin. In 2000, the total population of the Tai Basin was 36,000,000, the urbanization level, 51% and the GDP, 121 billion USD. While the area of the Tai Basin only makes up 0.4% of the total area of China and 3% of the total population, but the GDP in the region accounts for 11% of the total. The social and economic development in the region is one of the most rapid and energetic in the country. Along with the fast economic development, swift population increase, and accelerated urbanization, a huge amount of untreated wastewater is discharged into area rivers and lakes, seriously affecting the water quality of Tai Lake and the river network in the basin. In July 1990, excessive growth of blue algae occurred in Tai Lake and the resulting surface water quality was so bad that one of the major portable water suppliers in the region, the Meiyuan Water Works, had to be shut down. This pollution episode caused 116 factories in Wuxi to close down, resulting in a direct economic loss of 160 million Yuan RMB. Excessive growth of blue algae in Tai Lake usually occurs between July and August in recent years. Although heavy economic losses have been avoided through water diversion works from the Yangtze river, severe adverse impacts to area water bodies from the massive uncontrolled discharges still exists. Recent monitoring shows that nutrient content index for nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. in some areas along Tai Lake are greatly exceeded. At present the water quality of the entire Tai Lake is of Category IV or below Category IV, particularly nutrient parameters and such water is no longer fit for being used as sources of water supply. The water pollution in Tai Lake has becomes a factor restricting the sustainable economic and social development of the Tai Basin region. The deterioration of the water quality and eutrophication of the Tai Lake have attracted a high attention of the Central Government. From 1996 onwards, the State Council has incorporated the Tai Lake in the major water pollution control programs for the "Three Rivers and Three Lakes" of China which refer to six major landmark water-bodies in the country. In 1996 the State Council set up a Leading Group of the Tai Lake Water Resources and worked out the implementation plan for treating pollution of the Tai Lake in two stages. The governments at all levels of Jiangsu Province have attached great importance to water pollution control of the Tai Lake and worked out the "Plan of Jiangsu Province for Implementation of Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution of the Tai Lake during the 'Tenth Five-Year Plan' Period (2001-2005). The plan aims at protecting the water quality of the Meiliang Lake and Wuli Lake both of which are parts of the Tai Lake system, constructing series city/town-level waste water treatment plants, dredging river courses and lakes and implementing water reservation programs (water drawing and replenishment; solid waste interception; etc.). Efforts shall be made to achieve the goal that the permanganate content of the water in parts of the Tai Lake which are used as main sources of drinking water and in the major rivers hydraulically connected with Tai Lake will be reduced to the levels Category III surface water quality standards, and that the TP content will be cut down and become lower than the level in 2000. Furthermore, the water quality of the river network in the downtown of Suzhou City will meet the requirement for that in a scenic spot. In view ofthe fact that domestic capital is not sufficient and for the purpose of accelerating the implementation of the pollution control program, Jiangsu Provincial Government proposed to use a loan from the World Bank and complete the Comprehensive Rehabilitation Project of the Water Environment of the Tai Basin in South Jiangsu. 1.2 Purpose of Assessment This project located in the river network area of Tai Basin. According to flow characteristics of little slope and uncertain flow direction of the river network, the study scope is beyond the project scope. TLB is a sensitive area polluted seriously and the components of the Project are scatter in Suzhou and Wuxi area, it is essential to study comprehensive impact to water environment. Therefore, The environmental assessment for this project is defined as Category A. In accordance with the provisions of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection", "Regulations on Management of Environmental Protection for Construction Projects" and the requirements of the policy on environment assessment covered in OP (4.01) of the World Bank, a detailed environmental assessment shall be conducted at the project feasibility study stage. . The objective of the environmental assessment is to identify and evaluate potential benefits and adverse impacts to the environment, to develop measures for reducing, mitigating or otherwise compensating adverse environmental impacts and to bring such adverse environment impacts to the acceptable level. The impact identification and assessment will be based on the investigation of baseline environmental conditions as well as prediction of future positive and negative impacts. Furthermore, this environmental assessment will also emphasize the impact on the entire Tai Basin. As such, the assessment will not only consider the components to be financed by the current World Bank loan but those water pollution control projects and programs that have been completed, are under construction or will be implemented in the coming years in the Lake Tai Basin. The assessment will be conducted in accordance with the existing, and further development of, the regional water quality management and improvement strategy, taking into considerations of the roles and contribution of the project components towards achieving the strategy goals and targets. 1.3 Basis of the Assessment 1.3.1 Laws and Regulations on Environmental Protection of the Central Government of China, State Environmental Protection Administration and Jiangsu Provincial Government (1) "Environmental Protection Law of PRC " promulgated on December .26, 1989; (2) "Water Pollution Prevention and Treatment Law of PRC" promulgated on May 15, 1996; (3) "Air Pollution Prevention and Treatment Law of PRC" promulgated on September 1,2000; (4) "Environmental Noise Pollution Prevention and Treatment Law of PRC" promulgated on March 1, 1997; (5) "Solid Waste Prevention and Treatment Law of PRC" promulgated on April 1, 1996; (6) "Pollution Prevention and Treatment Regulations in Drinking Water Source Protection Areas" promulgated on July 10, 1989; (7) "Soil and Water Conservation Law of PRC" promulgated on June 29, 1991; (8) "Water Law of PRC" promulgated on January 21, 1988; (9) "Directory of Construction Projects for Classified Management by Environmental Protection Requirement", No.14 Order of the State Administration of Environmental Protection issued on April 19, 1999; (10) "Procedures for Management of Environmental Protection of Construction Projects" Document No. 253 ofthe State Council, issued on November 29, 1998; (11) "Decision of the State Council on Several Problems Concerning Environmental Protection", GuoFa (96) No.31 Document; (12) "Written Reply of the State Council on the 'Tenth Five-Year Plan for Environmental Protection of the State.'", GuoHan [2001] No. 169 Document; (13) "Detailed Rules of Jiangsu Province on Implementation of the Procedures for Management of Environmental Protection of Construction Projects", Jiangsu Provincial Commission of Environmental Protection (88) No.01 Document; (14) "Regulations of Jiangsu Province on Environmental Protection" (Revised Edition) promulgated on July 31, 1997; (15) "(Environmental) Functional Division of Surface Water of Jiangsu Province", Jiangsu Provincial People's Government, March 2003; (16) "Regulations on Enhancing Management of Environmental Protection of Construction Projects", Su Huan Wei [98] No.1 Document; (17) "Technical Guidelines to Environmental Protection Assessment", HJ/T2.1-2.3-94, JH/T2.4-1995; (18) "Technical Guidelines to Environmental Protection Assessment: Non-Pollution Ecological Impact", HJ/T19-1997; (19) "Interim Regulations of Jiangsu Province on Control of the Total Quantity of Discharged Pollutants" No.38 Order of the Provincial Government in 1993; (20) "Total Pollutants Quantity Control Plan of the Tai Lake". 2 1.3.2 Safeguard Policies of the World Bank (1)"Environment Assessment OP/BP4.01 and Annex" (2) "Natural Habitats OP/BP4.04 and Annex"; (3) "Pest Management OP 4.09"; (4) "Forestry OP 4.36 and Annex"; (5) "Safety of Dams OP/BP4.37 and Annex"; (6) "Cultural Properties OP 4.11 "; (7) "Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP4.12"; (8) "International Waterways OP 7.50"; (9) "Projects in Disputed Areas OP 7.60"; (10) "Indigenous Peoples OD 4.20". As project activities will not involve any "forests", "dams", "international waterways", "pests control", "indigenous people, " and "disputed areas", policies related to these subjects will not be applicable in this EA. Other safeguard policies including environment assessment (OP4.01), involuntary resettlement (OP4.12), natural habitats (OP/BP4.04) and cultural properties (OP4.11) will be first screened and fully applied in this EA when triggered. Tai Basin is a highly developed manned eco-system, orginal natural vegetation and environment is substituted with man made vegetation and natural protection area which more than 20 km away from the Project is set up. Therefore, the Project will do no adverse impact to natural habitats and OP/BP4.04 will not involve in the Project. 1.4 Project Composition The project covered by the World Bank load is composed of 9 components and they are listed as follows (1) Wuli Lake Rehabilitation: Rehabilitation of 19.4km embankment and ecosystem restoration, building 10 water gates and I shiplock; (2) Wuxi Wastewater Treatment: Including 3WWTPs in Huishan, Dongting and Anzhen respectively; (3) Suzhou Central Urban Area River Network Dredging, (4) Suzhou Polluted Water Control: Building Polluted water controls at locations where Xujiang River and Shangtang River interface with the Grand Canal, (5) Suzhou Wastewater Treatment: Including 3 WWTPs in Loujing, Fuxing and Wuzhong respectively. See Section 3 for details. 1.5 Assessment Standards 1.5.1 Water Environment For "Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water" (GB3838-2002), refer to Table 1.5-1. For details of pollutant discharge standards described in "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GB18918-2002), refer to Table 1.5-2 and Table 1.5-3. See Table 1.5-4 for details of "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996) and Table 1.5-5 for "Water Quality Standard for Wastewater Discharged into Municipal Sewer" (CJ3082-1999). In accordance with "Environmental Functional Division for Surface Water of Jiangsu Province", Standards of Category III, IV and V in Table 1.5-1 will be applicable to water environment quality assessment of river course in assessment scope. And the water pollutants of WWTP will be discharged according to discharge standard of Class I Category B in Table 1.5-2 and Table 1.5-3. The concentrations of pollutant discharged into Municipal Sewer adopt Table 1.5-4 and 1.5-5. 3 Table 1.5-1 Environmental quality standards for surface water (GB 3838-2002) Unit: mg/L (Except for pH) No. Item Category I | Category 11 Category III Category IV | Category V I pH value (Non-dimension) 6-9 2 Suspended matter (SS) < 20' 25; 30 60( 1504 2 Suspended matter (SS) ~~(Grade 1) (Grade 2) (Grade3) (Grade 4) (Grade 5) 3 Dissolved oxygen (DO) Saturation rate 6 5 3 2 - 90%(or 7.5) 4 Index ofpermanganate (CODMn) < 2 4 6 10 15 5 Chemical oxygen demand (CODC1) < 15 15 20 30 40 6 5-day biochemical oxygen demand 33 4 6 10 MBOD,)< 7 Oils < 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.5 1.0 8 Amino-nitrogen (NI13-N) < 0.15 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.02 (Lakes 0.1 (Lakes and 0.2 (Lakes and 0.3 (Lakes and 0.4 (Lakes and 9 TP S and reservoirs: reservoirs: reservoirs: reservoirs: reservoirs: 0.01) 0.025) 0.05) 0.1) 0.2) 10 TN < 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 11 Sexavalent chromium (Cr+6) < 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 12 Volatile phenol < 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.01 0.1 13 Cyanide < 0.005 0.05 0.2 0.2 0.2 14 Fluoride < 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 15 Arsenic S 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.1 0.1 16 lead S 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.05 0.1 Note: SS standards are Quality Standards for Surface Water Resources (SL-94) issued by the Ministry of Water Resources Category I is mainly applicable to the source ofrivers and the national natural reserve. Category II is mainly applicable to Grade 1 protection zones of surface water sources for the centralized potable water supply, habitats ofrare aquatic lives, spawning places of fish and shrimp, nursery places offries, etc. Category III is mainly applicable to Grade 2 protection zones of surface water sources for the centralized potable water supply, the fishery areas ofwintering places of fish and shrimps, migration channels, aquafarms, etc., and swimming areas. Category IV is mainly applicable to the general water supply areas for industrial water and the water supply areas for entertainment water which does not directly get contact with the human bodies. Category V is mainly applicable to the water supply area for agricultural water and the water areas required for the general landscapes. Table 1.5-2 Max. allowable effluent concentration of basic control items (Daily average values) (Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP (GB 18918-2002)) Unit: mg/L (Except for pH) No. Basic control item Class I Class2 Class 3 Category A Category B 1 Chemical oxygen demand (COD) 50 60 100 120W 2 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) 10 20 30 6Ow 3 Suspended matter (SS) 10 20 30 50 4 Animal and vegetable oils 1 3 5 20 5 Oils 1 3 5 15 6 Surface active anions 0.5 1 2 5 7 TN (counted on N) 15 20 - - 8 NH3-N(countedonN)W 5(8) 8(15) 25(30) - 9 TP Constructed before 2005.12.31 1.0 1.5 3 5.0 (counted on P) lConstructed from 2006.1.1 0.5 1.0 3.0 5.0 10 Colourity (dilution multiples) 30 30 40 50 11 PH 6-9 12 Fecal coliform bacteria coenobiums (number/L) 103 l 104 104 - Note: Under the following conditions, the implementation shall be made according to the index of removal rate: (I) When COD of intake water is > 350mg/L, the removal rate shall be > 50%. (2) The figure indicated in brackets is the control index at a water temperature >12, While the figure indicated outside the brackets is the control index at a water temperature S12 rC. 4 Table 1.5-3 Max. allowable effluent concentration of a part of Category I pollutants (Daily average value) (Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP (GB 18918-2002)) Unit: mg/L No. Basic control item Standard value I Total mercury (Hg) 0.001 2 Alkyl mercury Unallowable checkout 3 Total cadmium (Cd) 0.01 4 Total chromium (Cr) 0.1 5 Sexavalent chromium (CrO) 0.05 6 Total Arsenic (As) 0.1 7 Total lead (Pb) 0.1 Note: Tablel.5-2 and Tablel.5-3 refer to the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GBI8918-2002). Class I Category A in Tablel .5.1-2 refers to the basic requirement for the effluent from Municipal WWTP to be used for the purpose of recovered and reused water, etc. When the effluent water from Waste Water treatment plants is diverted to rivers and lakes with a low capacity of dilution to be used for the purpose of water supply for town scenic spots, etc., Standard A of Grade I Standard shall be implemented. When the effluent water from Waste Water treatment plants is discharged to Class III surface water areas (except for the specified protection zones ofpotable water sources and the swimrning areas) specified in National Standard GB3838 and Class n1 sea water areas and the closed or semi-closed water areas of lakes, reservoirs, etc., specified in National Standard GB3097, Class I Category B shall be implemented. When the effluent water from Waste Water treatment plants is discharged to Class IV and Class V surface water areas specified in National Standard GB3838, and Class Ill and Class IV seawater areas specified in National Standard GB3097, Grade 2 Standard shall be implemented. When town Waste Water treatment plants that are set up in the basins which are not controlled as the major basins and in the areas that are classified as the non-water-source protection zones adopt the intensified treatment process for Class I Standard, Class 3 Standard shall be implemented; however, the locations of treatment facilities for Grade 2 Standard must be remained, and Grade 2 Standard shall be reached in phases. Table 1.54 Max. allowable effluent concentration of Category I pollutants (Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB 8978-1996)) Unit: mg/L No. Pollutant Standard value No. Pollutant Standard value I Total mercury (Hg) 0.001 8 Tatal nickel (Ni) 1.0 2 Alkyl mercury Undetectable 9 Benzopyrene 0.00003 3 Total cadmium (Cd) 0.01 10 Total berillium (Be) 0.005 4 Total chromium (Cr) 0.1 11 Total silver 0.5 5 Sexavalent chromium (Cr6+) 0.05 12 Total a radioactivity IBq/L 6 Total Arsenic (As) 0.1 13 Total P radioactivity IOBq/L 7 Total lead (Pb) 0.1 / I I Table 1.5-5 Water quality standard for wastewater discharged into municipal sewer (CJ 3082-1999) Unit: mg/L (Except for pH) No. Description Discharge limit No. Description Discharge limit I pH value 6.0-9.0 19 Total lead 1.0 2 Suspended matter 150 (400) 20 Total copper 2.0 3 Solid likely to deposit 10 21 Total zinc 5.0 (mg/L1I 5mm) 4 Grease 100 22 Total nickel 1.0 5 Mineral oils 20.0 23 Total manganese 2.0(5.0) 6 Benzene series substance 2.5 24 Total iron 10.0 7 Cyanide 0.5 25 Total antimony 1.0 8 Sulfide 1.0 26 Hexavalent Chromium 0.5 9 Volatile phenol 1.0 27 Total chrome 1.5 10 Temperature 35°C 28 Total selenium 2.0 11 Biological oxygen demand (BOD5) 100(300) 29 Total arsenic 0.5 12 Chemical oxygen demand (CODc,) 150(500) 30 Sulfate 600 13 Dissolvable solid 2000 31 Nitrobenzene 5.0 14 Organic phosphor 0.5 32 Anionics (LAS) 10.0(20.0) 15 Aniline 5.0 33 Ammonia nitrogen 25.0(35.0) 16 Fluoride 20.0 34 Phosphate (as P) 1.0(8.0) 17 Total mercury 0.05 35 Color 80 times 18 Total cadmium 0.1 / / / Note: values in brackets are applicable to the sewerage systems with municipal WWTPs. 5 1.5.2 Ambient Air Environment Refers to Table 1.5-6 for "Ambient air quality standard" (GB3095-1996), Discharge standard of ambient air pollutants of "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GB18918-2002) refers to Table 1.5-7. The maximum allowable concentration of air pollutants of "Hygienic Standard of Industrial Enterprises Design" (TJ36-79) refers to Table 1.5-8. Assessment area is Class II area, so ambient air environment adopts stasndard Class II in Table 1.5-6, NH3 and H2S adopt standard class II in Table 1.5-7, and protected object adopt ClassIl in Table 1.5-8. Table 1.5-6 Ambient airquality standard (GB 3095-1996) Unit: mg/m3 No. Item Samnpling time Concentration Limits Class I Class II Class m TSP Annual average 0.08 0.20 0.30 Daily average 0.12 0.30 0.50 Annual average 0.04 0.08 0.08 2 NO2 Daily average 0.08 0.12 0.12 Hourly average 0.12 0.24 0.24 Annual average 0.02 0.06 0.10 3 SO2 Daily average 0.05 0.15 0.25 Hourly average 0.15 0.50 0.70 Note: The meanings of Time Basis of Value Taken as shown in Tablel.5-6 is as follows: Annual average means an arithmetic average value of daily average concentrations for any year; daily average means the average concentration for any day; and hourly average means the average concentration for any one hour. Class I Zone refers to the natural preservation areas, the historical and scenic spots and any other areas that require special protection, and Grade I Standard shall be implemented for them. Class II Zone refers to the residential areas, mixed areas of commerce, communications and residents, cultural areas, general industrial areas and rural areas as defined in town plans, and Grade 2 Standard shall be implemented for them. Class III Zone refers to the specially-specified industrial areas, and Grade 3 Standard shall be implemented for them. Table 1.5-7 Max. allowable concentration of air pollutants at plant boundaries (border of buffer belt) (Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP) Unit: mg/rn Class Item Class I Class II Class Im I Ammonia (NH3) 1.0 1.5 4.0 2 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) 0.03 0.06 0.32 Note: Table 1.5-5 refers to the waste emission standard stipulated in "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GB18918-2002). The standard is classified as 3 classes according to the requirements for the atmospheric environmental quality in the areas where the Waste Water treatment plants are located, and the control technology of atmospheric pollutants and the conditions of facilities. All the town Wastewater treatment plants located in Class I Zone specified in GB3095 shall implement Class I Standard. Town Wastewater treatment plants located in Class II and Class III Zones specified in GB3095 shall implement Class IIStandard and Class El Standard respectively. Table 1.5-8 Max. allowable concentration of air pollutants at residential area (Hygienic Standard of Industrial Enterprises Design (TJ 36-79)) Unit: mg/mr3 No. Item Momentary maximum allowable concentration I Ammonia (NH3) 0.20 2 Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) 0.01 Note: Momentary maximum allowable concentration refers to maximum allowable value ofmeasurment in any case. 1.5.3 Acoustic Environment For details of "Environment Noise Standard for Urban Areas"(GB3096-93), refer to Table 1.5-9. For details of "Standard of Noise at Boundary of Industrial Enterprises"(GB12348-90), refer to Table 1.5-10. For details of "Noise Limits for Construction Site"(GB12523-90), refer to Table 1.5-11. Table 1.5-9 will be applicable to assessment of noise environment quality, and Table 1.5-10 applicable to assessment of noise environment within the boundary of WWTPs during operation period. Detailed standard classes or categories will be based on the requirements of function divisions of noise environment where the components are located. Table 1.5-11 will be applicable to assessment of noise environment during construction period. 6 Table 1.5-9 Environment noise standard for urbanareas (GB 3096-93) Unit: dB(A) Class Daytime Nighttime 0 50 40 1 55 45 2 60 50 3 65 55 4 70 55 Note: Class 0 is applicable to the areas where quietness is specially required such as convalescence areas, high-class villa areas, high-class hotel areas, etc. Class I is applicable to the areas mainly for residential purpose and the cultural and educational institutions, which can be implemented as a reference for the rural residential environment. Class 2 is applicable to the mixed areas ofresidents, commerce and industries. Class 3 is applicable to industrial areas. Class 4 is applicable to the areas on both sides of traffic arterial roads in cities and on both sides of inland waterways passing through the areas. Table 1.5-10 Standard of noise at boundary of industrial enterprises (GB 12348-90) Unit: dB(A) Class Daytime Nighttime 1 55 45 11 60 50 m 65 55 IV 70 55 Note: Class I is applicable to the areas mainly for residential purpose and cultural and educational institutions. Class IIis applicable to the mixed areas ofresidents, commerce and industries, and the commercial central areas. Class III is applicable to industrial areas. Class IV is applicable to the areas on both sides oftraffic arterial roads. Table 1.5-11 Noise limits for construction site (GB 12523-90) Unit: dB(A) Construction period Main noise sources Daytime Nighttime Earthwork and stonework Bulldozers, excavators, shovels, etc. 75 55 Driving of piles Various types of pile driving machines, etc. 85 Forbidden Structures Concrete mixers, concrete vibrators, electric-saws, etc. 70 55 Fitting up and decoration Cranes, elevators, etc. 65 55 1.5.4 Soil Environment For details of "Environmental Quality Standard for Soils" (GB15618-1995), refer to Table 1.5-12. Standard Class III in Table 1.5-12 will be applicable to soil environment assessment owing to no damage and contamination to plants and environment by future application of the soil to be assessed. Table 1.5-12 Environmental quality standard for soils (GB 15618-1995) Unit: mg/kg No. pH value Class I Class II Class m Item Natural background <6.5 6.5-7.5 >7.5 >6.5 I Cadmium (Cd) 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.60 1.0 2 Mercury (Hg) 0.15 0.30 0.50 1.0 1.5 3 Arsenic (As) Paddy 15 30 25 20 30 Dry land 15 40 30 25 40 Farmland, etc 35 50 100 100 400 4 Copper (Cu) Orchard / 150 200 200 400 5 Lead (Pb) 35 250 300 350 500 6 Chromium Paddy 90 250 300 350 400 (Cr) Dry land 90 150 200 250 300 7 Zinc (Zn) 100 200 250 300 500 8 Nickle (Ni) 40 40 50 60 200 Note: Class I refers to the limited values of soil environmental quality for protecting the natural ecology and maintaining the natural background ofareas. Class 2 refers to the limited values of soils for securing the agricultural production and maintaining the health of human beings. Class 3 refers to the threshold values of soils for securing the agricultural and forest production and the normal growing of plants. 7 1.5.5 Sediment The sediment disposal site will be used as greening purposes, so assessment will be carried out based on sludge agricultural standard described in "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GB18918-2002), for details see Table 1.5-13. Leachate assessment adopts "Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Procedure Toxicity" (GB5085.3-1996), see Table 1.5-14 for details. Table 1.5-13 Pollutants limits for sludge agricultural standard (Discharge standardof pollutants for municipal WWTP (GB 18918-2002)) Unit: mg/kg Max. allowable content No. Item Acid soil (pH<6.5) Neutral and alkaline soil (pH>6.5) I Total Cadnium (Cd) 5 20 2 Total mercury (Hg) 5 15 3 Total lead (Pb) 300 1000 4 Total chromium (Cr) 600 1000 5 Total Arsenic (As) 75 75 6 Total copper (Cu) 800 1500 7 Total zind (Zn) 2000 3000 8 Total Nickle (Ni) 100 200 Note: Table 1.5-13 refers to the sludge agricultural standard in "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP"(GB18918-2002), which has specified the pollutants limited values of sludge disposition (control) for municipal WWTP. Table 1.5-14 Standard values of extraction procedure toxicity (Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Procedure Toxicity (GB 5085.3-1996)) Unit: mg/L No. Parameter Max. allowable concentration ofleachate I Mercury and its compounds (Total Hg) 0.05 2 Pb (Total Pb) 3 3 Cd (Total Cd) 0.3 4 Total Cr 10 5 Cr6+ 1.5 6 Cu and its compounds (Total Cu) 50 7 Zn and its compounds (Total Zn) 50 8 Ni and its compounds (Total Ni) 10 9 As and compounds (Total As) 1.5 10 Cyanide (CN) 1.0 Note: The waste is hazardous if any parameter ofleachate exceeds standard values listed in the table. 1.5.6 GroundWater For details of "Quality Standard for Groundwater" (GB14848-1993) see table 1.5-15, Standard Class III in Table 1.5-15 is applies to assessment of groundwater quality. Table 1.5-15 Quality standard for groundwater (GB 14848-1993) Unit: mg/L No. Clas Class I Class II Class 11 Class IV Class V I Total hardness 150 300 450 550 >550 2 Total dissolved solids 300 500 1000 2000 >2000 3 Index of permanganate (CODMrl) 1.0 2.0 3.0 10 >10 4 Anmmonia-nitrogen (NI -N) 0.02 0.02 0.2 0.5 >0.5 3 5 Volatile phenol 0.005 0.01 0.1 0.01 >0.01 6 Copper (Cu) 0.01 0.05 1.0 1.5 >1.5 7 Lead (Pb) 0.005 0.01 0.05 0.1 >0.1 8 Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) 0.005 0.01 0.05 0.1 >0.1 9 Arsenic (As) 0.005 0.01 0.05 0.05 >0.05 10 Mercury (Hg) 0.00005 0.0005 0.0001 0.001 >0.001 11 Zinc(Zn) 0.05 0.5 1.0 5.0 >5.0 12 Cadmium (Cd) 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.01 >0.01 13 Cyanide 0.001 0.01 0.05 0.1 >1.0 14 Fluoride 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 >2.0 8 Class Class I Class II Class Im Class IV Class V 15 Chloride 50 150 250 350 >350 Note: Class I mainly reflects the contents of chemical compositions of groundwater with a low natural background, and is applicable to various purposes. Class II mainly reflects the contents of chemical compositions of groundwater with a natural background, and is applicable to various purposes. Class III is mainly applicable to the water sources for centralized domestic potable water supplies and the industrial and agricultural water supplies on the basis of the health of human beings. Class IV is based on the requirements for the agriculture and industrial water supplies. Water of this class is suitable for agriculture and a part ofindustries, and besides, it can be used as the potable water supply after proper treatment is made. Class V should not be used for potable water, and it can be selected for use based on the purposes. 1.5.7 Waste Landfill "Pollution control standard for domestic waste landfill" (GB16889-1997) shows the design and operation requirement for municipal landfill. (1) Environmental protection requirement for landfill siting a. Landfill siting should accord with local urban general plan, and with local air pollutant, water resource and natural protection. b. Landfill should be constructed in downward of the dominant wind direction in summer, 500 m outside of residential area. c. Landfill should not be constructed in following areas: Natural protection area, landscape area, water supply source, and other areas particularly protected by State Council and provincal, autonomous area and municipality government. Densely residential areas. Areas connected with channel directly. Groundwater supply areas, flooded areas, and silt areas. Active slump zone, fracture zone, mine zone, swallow hole and lava cave zone. (2) Environmental protection requirement for landfill engineering design a. The design of landfill should include impermeable work, leachate conveyance, collection and treatment systems. b. The infiltration rate of impermeable layer KS 10 cm/s. 7 c. Impermeable work should adopts horizontal and vertical impermeable process. d. The bottom of landfill is compression stable layer, which should not be out of shape in condition of waste broken down. e. A leachate collection tank should be set up at the bottom of landfill, in which a pipe should be laid to surface, and the pipe top should be 100 cm higher than the surface. f Landfill should include gas conveyance, collection and emission systems. g. Gas conveyance system should include vertical and horizontal discharge pipes, which are lOOm up to the surface. It is use for gas sampling and treatment. h. Collecting combustible gas for use. The gas which can't be collected should be emptying and burning, for avoiding fire and explosion. i. The structures should be ventilative avoiding explosion caused by gas gathering. j. Training dyke and ditches should be designed for landfill, thus rainwater could be drained out of the site or reservoir naturally. (3) Entering requirement of landfill a. The waste entering to landfill should be municipal waste. b. The mixture of municipal and hazardous waste must be forbideden. Make sure that there is no explosive, combustible, poisonous, leaching toxicity, infectious, and radioactive waste entering the landfill. (4) Environmental protection requirement for landfill operation and coverage a. Waste should be carried out unit landfill, compacted layer by layer, and covered daily. The thickness is determined by local situation. b. If much dust flying in the site, it is essential to sprinkling or spray the water of reservoir to the site. 9 c. When the landfill is closed, covering 30 cm natural soil and 15-20 cm clay, then compacting the site, preventing rainwater from infiltrating the landfill body. d. The landfill should have a grade for rainwater draining off. e.The landfill should not be used for construction before stabilization. 1.6 Assessment Scope Since all these projects are located within of Wuxi and Suzhou municipalities, the scope of the assessment on water environment and regional ecology shall be defined as the Lake Tai Basin area in these two municipalities. More specifically, the assessment area will be bounded by Xicheng Canal to the west, Taipu River to the south and Yangtze River to the north, as well as a part of Tai Lake itself. The river networks as well as the Tai Lake and other lakes in this study area are hydraulically inter-connected with changeable flow directions in low gradient. Details of the scope of assessment are shown in Figure I-1 . The assessment scope of ambient air environment quality will be 500 m from the boundary of the project construction sites, physical works, and spoiled soil disposal site. Impact assessment for dredging activities will be 200 m on both sides of the waterways to be dredged. The scope of assessment on noise will be 200 m from the boundary of the project construction sites or physical works. 1.7 Environmental Protected Objects 1.7.1 Water Environment All water intake sources for waterworks, important natural landscapes, lakes, marshland, flood-discharge channels, diversion channels (Taipu River and Wangyu River) located within the scope of assessment shall be the water environmental Protected targets. For the details, refer to Table 1.7-1 and Figure 1-2. Table 1.7-1 Water environmental protected objects City No. Protected Objects Location Water quality target I Water supply source of Mashan Waterworks Meiliang Lake mI 2 Water supply source of Xiaowanli Waterworks Meiliang Lake m 3 Water supply source of Chongshan Waterworks Meiliang Lake mI Wuxi 4 Water supply source of Meiyuan Waterworks Meiliang Lake m 5 Water supply source of Gonghu Waterworks Gonghu Lake HI 6 Water supply source of Huazhuang Waterworks Gonghu Lake Hi 7 Water supply source of Nanyuan Waterworks Gonghu Lake Hi 8 Water supply source of Xidong Waterworks Gonghu Lake Hi 9 Water supply source of Jinshu Waterworks Jinshugang of Tai Lake m 10 Water supply source of Hengshan Waterworks Xiangshan Hill at Tai Lake mH 11 Water supply source of Suzhou Industrial Park Waterworks East Tai Lake mI 12 Water supply source ofWuxian Waterworks East Tai Lake Ill 13 Water supply source ofWujiang Nanhuan Waterworks Tai Lake III Suzhou 14 Water supply source of Dongshan Waterworks Tai Lake Bm 15 Water supply source ofBeiyuan Waterworks Yangcheng Lake Bay HI 16 JinjivLake i away from wamLoujiang HI 17 Wangyu River Diversion waterway Hin 18Taipu River Waterway at the boundary of H Jiangsu and Shanghai 1.7.2 Ecological, Ambient air and Acoustic Environment After investigations and surveys are made, it is defined that the ecological, atmospheric and acoustic environmental protected targets within the limits of assessment include the residential areas, hotels, schools, scenic spots and historical and cultural relics near each project component. Residential areas around spoiled soil disposal sites are also the atmospheric environmental protected targets. Names of these targets are shown in Table 1.7-2 and locations of these targets are shown in Figure 1-3 and Figure 1-4. 10 '45\X 0. Figure 1-1 The Research Scope of TBUEP iid <-> $ ; >.~~~~~~Yanze .e, C !X> 0Y\~ Li 4~ Sg ' ''4~~~~~~~~ mC:";~~7hou ~~~~~~~~~~ fWk<',-- Ns / Figure 1-2 The Locations for Protected Objects of Water Environment St~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - > /( --~ <; ;: 11l., 7~~~~~~~~1 2F X s - t \\ suz lou I . R\ref t < Legend 2_ ; - -R16..er .' WuSog,ngeiv -_ A0 1 20kml N 2# \ 1lX III 1 SonRilang~~~~ang-~ City , ~ P'. - ~@12* 140 Wtag Qingpu 6 *J. L-..ak..Les Rikver .. 136 / -- -2- Protected River Section ,-.*- /= , t . . - N /t,;i 2.a Protected Lake Ta1 (P ngg Water Intake ie , t' / i i ': t it -*u' .ff' - .,z~~j!i.,- ' Figure 1-3 The Locations for Protected Objectives of Air and Noise Environment in Wuxi z / ,k, , r ~0 .;,X;/XXt '.!*t' 'h_,....................... t "'........................ 'i i','' --; } ;! \s - ' '; \. / / o 015. ; -- * - ( ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~ R1(1 g + _* ; r sf ao w i : / ff -,tfF ~~~~~~~~~~~~~13 sws r/ 5>fZx_+r';.>> i s!{/ < . ltsaRed ,, ~~~~~ ~ ~~12t:v i/ ,, ~~1-vis4 2 'g\!\} ;1 _ . ,/\' > W - Xgd4 +- - - \ i ' ' - illiL _0~~~~~~ 9 z Vs(e> f !ot ''§t-_ % -W.__ 1#_>X/ 0 X~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ;r 1i'- i . .XX,\ .S.,f.*\ / S >i ~~4 . LtX L --A0 § 1 9f<1 i n os rtcedOjcieadIsNuIe :3* 4 \- 'j0ttislfSiiE S i --Figure 1-4 The Locations for Protected Objectives of Air and Noise Environment in Suzhou 0t ^ fi^ ;sti~~~~~~~~~~r,"'_ 0,1 . ., . "%YnbgE 4w ,_,_,_h,\;t/4 i A(H,,, ,|> bev_ llOs;"FM R W*"llt X'_ .E' . or4 z.$t i ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~% ^ 9,t- i > X,a~~~~s X *.tSt Z X:@s~~~~~~ |* Ftd \ ,Airand Noise~~~~~s 9 Prtete * t,t-*-4vc 's,f _>'t -+ t A- ; i Table 1.7-2 Ambient air andnoise environmental protected objects City Component No. Protected object Character Orientation (in) protected object I Tai Lake Aojia Garden Hotel To the north ofWuli 200 Ambient air and noise Lake environment 2 On-water Grand World S t To the north ofWuli 50 Ambient air and noise Amusement Company Lake environent 3 Liyuan Garden Scenic spot To the north of Wuli 150 Ambient air and noise Lake environment Wuxi Wuli Lake 4 Hubin Hotel Hotel To the north ofWuli 100 Ambient air and noise Rehabilitation Lake environment 5 Tai Lake Mountain Holiday inn To the north-east of 200 Ambient air and noise Villa Wuli Lake environment 6 Taide New Town Residential area To the north-east of 150 Atmospheric and Wuli Lake acoustic environment 7 Huayuan Great Hotel Hotel To the south-west of 150 Ambient air and noise Wuli Lake environment City Component No. Protected object Character Orientation Distance Classification of 8 Orient Aquarium Scenic spot To the south of Wuli 80 Ambient air and noise Wuli Lake World Lake environment Rehabilitation 9 Turtle Head Islet Scenic spot To the south-west of 100 Ambient air and noise Scenic Spot Wuli Lake environment Huishan 10 Yanqiao Township Institution In the east WWTPnGoenmn 500 Ambient air Anirmbientai WWTP 11 Fire-fighting Station Organization In the east 500 Ambient air Ambientmair 12 Nianyuqiao Natural Residential area In the south-east 220 environment Villageenio et Wuxi 13 Xinjiali Village Residential area In the south-west 250 Ambient air 14 Nanditian Village Residential area In the north-east 180 Ambient air and noise Anzhen environment WWTP 15 Xiaolushu Village Residential area In the northwest 200 Ambient air and noise 16 Tang-gengxiang Residentialarea To the east of Yangjian 100 Noise environment Village Town Lift Pump Station To the south of 17 Xihetou Village Residential area Houqiao Town Lift 80 Noise environment Pump Station Dongting 18 Geqiang village Residential area In the southwest 250 Ambient air On the north side of Suzhou Xujiang North Branch 20 Regulator To the south of Ambient air and noise 19 Residential area Residential area Temporary Spoiled Soil enviroanent Disposal Site at the 10 junction ofXihuan Road and Shuangqiao Suzhou Road Polluted 20 Jiangfengyuan Reieta raTo the north-west of 70 Ambient air and noise Polluter 20ControlentniaglYAara ResidentialArea Shangtang River Lock environment Hengtang Ancient On the south side of Ambient air 21 Stage Scenic spot Xujiag River South 180 environment Branch Regulator On the south side of Ambient air 22 Caiyun Bridge Scenic spot Xujiag River South 180 environment Branch Regulator 23 Hanshan Temple Scenic spot On the west side of 230 Ambient air Shangtang River Lock environment Suzhou River . . . On the west side of Ambient air and noise Network- Network 24 Sanyuansan Village Residential area F. Fenghuang River R 120 eniom t enviromnment Dredging 25 Residential area Residential area On the north side of 100 Ambient air and noise Shantang River environment 11 On both sides of Ambient airand noise 26 Old residential area Residential area converging section of 20 enviroanment Qingii River Xingxi New Village To the south of Ambient air and noise 27 and Renan New Residential area Wujingpang 40 environment Village On the north side at the Ambient air and noise 28 Residential area Residential area east end of Shangtang 30 environment River On the south side at the Ambient air 29 Hanshan Temple Residential area west end of Shangtang 150 envirotment River On the south bank at Ambient air and noise 30 Residential area Residential area the east end of 80 enviroanment Shangtang River 31 Xujiang New Village Residentiala On the south side of Ambient air and noise 31 Xujiang New Village Residential area Hengloubang 60 environment Fuxin Residential To the north of Ambient air and noise 32 Quarter and Youlian Residential area Xianrendagang 40 environment New Village Loujiang 33 Guest house Residential area On the north side 200 Ambient air and noise WWTP? environment 1.8 EA Work Arrangement The environmental assessment work for this project shall be divided in two levels. The first level is related to the assessments on environmental impact for each individual component respectively. . One environmental impact assessment report will be prepared for every component and the scope of assessment shall be limited to mostly areas immediately adjacent to the physical works and construction sites. The second level is the project-wide environmental assessment and report related to environmental impact to the region as well as the summary of impact assessment of individual component EA reports. .The scope of assessment shall be extended to the entire river network area of Suzhou and Wuxi, analyzing and evaluating the impact of the Projects to this region. Based on the general requirements for the components, there will be 6 topics and 9 sub-topics. For the specific organizational divisions, refer to Table 1.8-1. Table 1.8-1 EA team and arrangement Classification Project Assessment content Assessment team To make a general water environment assessment Project-wide TBUEP for a part ofrivernetwork in Tai Basin (Suzhou Hohai U andWuxi), and summarize the assessment results niversity made on the components ofthe Project. Water quality simulation of Tai Water environment simulation for a part of Tai DfI Lake body lake body Wuli lake rehabilitation in Wuxi Component-wide EA report Shanghai Survey and Design hinstitute Nanjiing Environmental EA report for Huishan WWTP Science Institute of SEPA Component-wide EA report for Dongting WWTP Wuxi Environmental EA report forBAreport Anzhen WWTP Anzhen ~~~ for Science Research Institute Suzhou urban area river dredging Component-wide EA report Hohai University Suzhou polluted water control Component-wide EA report EA report for Loujiang WWTP Shanghai Survey and Wuxi wastewater treatment EA report for Fuxing WWTP Design Institute EA report for Wuzhong WWTP Tongji University In the project-wide environmental assessment report, results of environment assessment in the component reports shall be integrated appropriately to reflect the positive and negative impacts of the project, as a 12 whole, to the environment, particularly the general impaot to the water quality and water environment of the Tai Basin. The organization that undertakes the general assessment for these projects shall make further investigations, surveys, monitoring and analyses, starting from the regional view point, to the environmental background of the areas where the projects are located, and make the analysis and the assessment in combination with the formation, function and effect of the strategies for the water quality improvement and management of the Tai Basin resulted from the other water pollution control projects within the region. 13 Section 2 Strategic Considerations 2.1 Environmental Protection Plan for the Tai Basin Swift urbanization and industrialization has brought about environmental pressure to the main water supply source areas of cities and the countryside. The water quality of the three major rivers (the Liaohe River in Northeast China, Haihe River in North China and Huaihe River in Central China) and three major lakes (the Tai Lake, Caohu Lake and Dianchi Lake) of China has deteriorated, which has affected the sustainable development of China's economy. To improve the water quality of the above three rivers and lakes, the Chinese Central Government has decided to make the investment amounting to 123.4 billion Yuan in implementation of a series of pollution control projects including building WWTPs, controlling agricultural pollution, dredging and carrying out water transfer plan in their valleys during the Tenth Five-Tear Plan period (2001-2005). The Tai Lake is one of the above-stated three major lakes requiring urgent treatment. In April 1996, the First Tai Basin Environmental Protection Meeting was convened by the State Council of China, agreeing to set up the Leading Group for Water Resource Protection of the Tai Basin. Afterward, the plans for water pollution treatment of the Tai Lake during the "Ninth Five-Tear Plan" period and the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period were worked out respectively. 2.1.1 Conditions of Implementation of Projects Covered in the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" Period by the Government The "tenth five-year plan ofTai Lake water pollution" including: (1) The plan for wastewater treatment in cities and towns: According to the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", 96 city/town-level wastewater treatment projects should be completed. However due to change of administrative areas and amalgamation of townships and villages, the original 96 projects were adjusted to 54 ones. So far 29 projects have been completed and the other 25 ones are still under construction. (2) Plan for 8-item comprehensive treatment: Four items covered in the plan i.e. the drinking water ensuring project, pollution eliminating and river course rectifying project, hydraulic control project and clean production project have been started and preliminary results have been achieved. Among them the Project of Drawing Water from the Wangyu River has been completed already. Up to January 1, 1999, main industrial pollution sources (1035 in total) had all effected that only wastewater that was up to the outlet qualitative standard was discharged and wastewater treatment equipment had been installed at all hotels that were within 5 kilometers from the Tai Lake. (3) Financing Situation: According to the plan, an investment amounting to 12.95 billion RMB needed to be made during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period. Actually only an investment of 10 billion RMB was made, leaving a gap of 3 billion RMB that mainly resulted from failure to collect sufficient capital for construction of the city/town level WWTPs. After the plan for the first stage (the Ninth Five-Year Plan period) was carried out, the trend of deterioration of the water quality of the Tai Lake was basically put under control in 2000. However the water quality of the Tai Lake as a whole hadn't been obviously improved yet. 2.1.2 Plan for the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" Period In view of the effect of the plan for controlling pollution ofthe Tai Lake during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, the State Council approved the plan for controlling pollution of the Tai Lake during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period in September 2001. The plan can be divided into the following 3 parts in content: (1) Measures of Pollution Sources Control According to the plan, 81 WWTPs with the total capacity of 3.91 x106 m3/d will be constructed during the period from 2001 to 2005 among which 65 will be located in Jiangsu Province. For the purpose of effectively removing nutrilites (TP and TN), the WWTPs will mainly adopt the two-stage biological process or AAJO (anaerobism-anoxia-oxygen consumption) process. Besides, it is also planned to build 13 garbage disposal plants in the Tai Basin. For control of industrial pollution sources, main efforts will be made to reduce the phosphorus and nitrogen loads. It is planned to install the new-type treatment facilities for removing phosphorus and nitrogen in 87 14 industrial enterprises (main source enterprises of phosphorus and nitrogen) that discharge large amount of pollutants. (2) Hydraulic and Ecological Projects To transfer water through the Wangyu River has played a very important role in improving the water quality of the Tai Lake (especially the eastern part of it) and accelerating the water circulation of the lake-river water network. The project successfully transfers 2.5 billion cubic meters of water ofthe Yangtze River to the Tai Lake through the Wangyu River each year to improve the water quality of the Tai Lake. The neighbouring areas (including Suzhou, Wuxi and Shanghai) will benefit from the water transfer plan. Meanwhile a pump station will be built at the Meiliang Lake (a sublake of the Tai Lake) to transfer water of the Melilang Lake to the Wuli Lake and Wuxi's river network so as to improve the water quality of the river network in Wuxi. It is planned to build up an ecological buffer zone (a greenbelt) including a forest region and an vegetational zone to be built in 2001 to 2005 for the purpose of conducting ecological dredging for the major polluted flow-in rivers and sublakes especially the Meiliang and Wuli Lakes (Both of them are the most seriously polluted parts of the Tai Lake). (3) Supervision and Management It is prohibited to build fish farms in the Tai Lake Area during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" perid (2001-2005) except in the East Tai Lake). In the East Tai Lake, the water surface with an area of 1000 hectares are allowed to be reserved for fish farming (including crab breeding). That means the fish farming area will be greatly reduced in the "Tenth Five-Tear Plan" period (in comparison to the current fish farrning area). The protecting measures for drinking water sources include carefully defining the drinking water source protection areas, establishing corresponding management rules, enhancing monitoring and management, working out practical plans for protecting the drinking water sources and the emergency plan for protecting the intake water quality. At the same time, necessary biological and physiochemical denitrification shall be conducted to ensure the intake water quality. The 6 WWTPs and the Wuxi Wuli Lake Treatment Project to be financed by the World Bank are all covered in the plan for controlling pollution of the Tai Lake in the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period. 2.2 Plan for Improving the Water Quality of Suzhou and Wuxi 2.2.1 Plan for Improving the Water Quality of Suzhou (1) Overall City Planning of Suzhou In the Overall City Planning of Suzhou (1996-2010) it is specified that the objective of development of Suzhou is to protect the appearance and Characteristics of Suzhou as an ancient city in a comprehensive way and build Suzhou into a modem city bearing the features of the water region south of the Yangtze River and having rich historical traditions. It is clearly provided in the Overall City Planning that in the ancient urban area, the river shall not be less than 6m in width and those currently bigger than 6m in width shall not be allowed to be narrowed; that in urban areas already built and areas connecting the city proper with its suburbs, the rivers shall not be less than 8m in width and that in newly built urban areas, the rivers shall not be less than 15m in width. Therefore the river width needs to be partially adjusted and in some places, bank revetment needs to be repaired or newly built. In the planning further requirement is further put forth that for river control, "the river network shall be investigated and rearranged, the water system shall be improved, making the water flow unblocked clean, pleasant to eyes and over-water tourism shall be developed on that basis". The criteria are also set in it for the drinking water that in Class I protecting areas the drinking water sources shall be consistent with the standard for Class-surface water; that the water quality in rivers inside and outside the city shall be in consistence with the standard for Class-surface for the short term and in consistence with the standard for Class-surface water for the long term. The tasks of dredging rivers are arranged as per the latest Overall Planning for the Environment of Suzhou as a Regional Central City and by taking into consideration the requirements of the Overall Planning for Flood Protection (April 2002). (2) Suzhou River Network Water Quality Improvement Comprehensive Rehabilitation Component 15 In the 'Research of the Report on Suzhou Water Network Water Quality Improvement Comprehensive Handling Project" issued in 2001, a comprehensive handling solution was put forth. According to that solution, under the prerequisite of putting pollution sources under control, efforts shall be made to transfer water to the urban area of Suzhou by use of the "Transferring Water of the Yangtze River to the Tai Lake" and Yanglintang Water Drawing Sub-components to quicken flowing of river water of the urban area and increase the environmental capacity. For preventing water diverted into urban area from running off, several control works need to be builded up. The main work items will include river rehabilitation and gate and dam, river dredging, polluted water control (Xujiang and Shangtang river components). The river dredging and polluted water controls mentioned above are components of this project. (3) City Planning for Flood Protection of Suzhou The objective of Suzhou City in regard of flood protection in 2010 as set out in the "City Planning for Flood Protection of Suzhou" through engineering and non-engineering measures to ensure that the flood protection capability of the central area of Suzhou City is high enough to resist the 200-year flood and that of other areas, to resist the 100-year flood so that the whole urban area is in consistence with criteria specified in the planning and safe through flood protection and draining water pond; to have countermeasures when super standard flood occurs, to combine flood protection with improvement of the city's water environment and landscape construction, to improve the ecological and tourism environment of the urban area and ensure coordinated and sustainable development of the society, economy and environment of Suzhou." In the planning for flood protection, the solution of establishing multi-layer protection for the central area of Suzhou City is basically defined. That control line will be established along the left bank of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal for the central area of the city to ensure safety in flood protection. In implementing major flood protection projects, to widen and dredge rivers will be taken as the main measure for flood protection and draining water pond. The main control structures include the outfall control structures of Xujiang and Shangtang Rivers. 2.2.2 Plan for Improving Water Quality of Wuxi It is pointed out in the "Overall City Planning of Wuxi" that Wuxi will expand southwards, that a college town and a tourist area will be built to the south of the Wuli Lake and that the Municipal Government will also be moved there. The Wuli Lake will become the "West Lake" of Wuxi in the future and it will be built into a lake-type scenic and tourist area which boasts abundant water around, bears the characteristics of having beautiful water scenery, modern gardens and rich and colorful telecine culture and have multiple functions with providing cultural, recreational and tourist services as the main. The current water quality of Wuli lake which is the worst polluted lake of Tai Lake is category V For protecting Tai Lake especially water source supply in Meiliang lake, Wuli Lake rehabilitation should be carry out first. "Plan of Wuxi City for Implementation of Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution of the Tai Lake during the 'Tenth Five-Year' Period" present specific requirements that water quality of Wuli lake should be improve obviously in the end of tenth five-year period, and Wuli lake rehabiliatation is a important part of series of treatment projects on water enviromnent of Wuxi "Tenth Five-Year Plan". The Wuli lake rehabilitation component consist of six sub-components i.e. sediment dredging, returning water surface used for fishery to lake, water diversion, polluted water control, embankment rehabiliatation, ecological restoration, the last three of which are the components financed by the World Bank. 33 municipal WWTPs which include Dongting, Anzhen and Huishan WWTP of this project will be building up according to the "Tenth Five-Year Plan". These WWTPs will improve water quality of Wuxi area as well as that of Wangyu river at river network downstream. Wangyu river is a clean water channel which diverts water of Yangtze river to Tai Lake. The current water quality of Wangyu river is between category IV and V near Wuxi area due to pollution from Wuxi, and its water quality will be better after this project is implemented. 2.3 Analysis of the Coordination between the Project to Be Financed by the World Bank and the Plan of the Government for Environmental Protection Suzhou and Wuxi are key cities of the Tai Basin and the project to be financed by the World Bank is the key project for improving the water environment of Suzhou and Wuxi. Therefore this project is coordinative with all plans of the government such as the plan for actions to control pollution of the Tai Lake during the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, overall city planning and city planning for flood protection. It will play 16 important role in improving the water environment ofthe Tai Basin. 2.4 Promotion of Regional Social and Economic Development by Implementation of the Project 2.4.1 Demand of Sustainable Social and Economic Development of the Tai Basin This project is a key project for improving the environment of the Tai Basin. Along with the implementation of this project and other related pollution control projects, the quality of the water environment of the Tai Basin will be significantly improved and favorable conditions will be created for realization of sustainable social and economic development of that region. (I) To enhance the economic strength of the region in an all-round way and maintain the sustainable, swift and rational economic development of the region; (2) To achieve overall development of the service industry of the region, make special efforts to help strengthen the position of the service industry in the region as one of the world's centres of international trade and manufacturing industry; (3) To greatly raise the people's life quality of that region, dramatically improve the living and existing enviromment in both urban and rural areas and raise the people's living standard. 2.4.2 Common Wish of All Circles of the Society Due to the rapid social and economic development of the Tai Basin, universal improvement of the quality of the residents there, the people of that region have now set comparatively higher requirements for the quality of water environment. They urgently wish that the water environment of the Tai Basin would be improved as soon as possible. Judging from this point, the implementation of this projectwill get common support from the people macro-strategically 17 Section 3 Project Description and Engineering Analysis 3.1 Project Composition and Total Investment The projects to be constructed are grouped into two categories, (a). Municipal WWTPs and sewerage network components, (b) Rehabilitation components of rivers and lakes, The components names, main contents and investment of all components are detailed in Table 3.1-1, and their planned construction locations are shown in Figure 3-1. Table 3.1-1 Project components of TBUEP Unit: million RMB City Components names Main contents Local World bank Total investment loan investment Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Polluted water control, embankment 116.021 92.099 208.12 rehabilitation and ecological restoration Phase I ofHuishan WWTP with capacity 73 001 70.049 143.05 Wuxi of25,000 m3/d and sewerage networks WWTPs and sewerage networks Phase II of Dongting WWTP with capacity 49.52 46.42 95.94 of 30,000 mr/d and sewerage networks Phase I ofAnzhen WWTP with capacity of 127.93 103.57 231.50 20,000 m3/d and sewerage networks River dredging Canal network with length of 65.7km in 30.73 30.73 61.46 urban area Polluted water control Sluice gates and shiplocks of Xujiang river 91.23 91.23 182.46 and shangtang river Suzhou Phase IIof Loujiang WWTP with capacity of 80,000 m3/d 36.442 40.728 77.17 WWTPs and sewerage networks o Fuxing WWTP with capacity of 5P6h2as5e 45.56 101.80 100,000 m3/d Phase I ofWuzhong WWTP with capacity 69.148 63.382 132.53 of 25,000 m3/d and sewerage networks 3.2 Description of Proposed Project Components 3.2.1 Description of Proposed Rehabilitation Components The main rehabilitation components include the Wuli lake rehabilitation in Wuxi and the polluted water control and river dredging in Suzhou. The components are detailed in Table 3.2-1. Table 3.2-1 The rehabilitation components of TBUEP City Component Location Construction item Scale (quantity) Polluted Sluice gates 8 m (2), 6 m (2), 10 m (2), 12 m (1) Rehabilitation Area surrounding Wuli water control Ship lock 16x90 m, 12x90 m Wuxi Wuhi Lake RehabllltatlonLake in south of Wuxi Embankment rehabilitation 19.4km Ecological restoration 233.49 ha River dredging Canals in urban area Sediment dredging 65.7km Suzhou Xujiang River Sluice gates 3xlOm (2) Polluted water control Xujiang River Ship locks 12x60m (1) Shangtang River Ship locks 30 x4Om (I) (1) Wuli lake rehabilitation The Wuli lake rehabilitation component includes sediment dredging, returning water surface used for fishery to lake, water diversion, polluted water control, embankment rehabilitation and ecological restoration. Those to be implemented using domestic fund include: (a) ecological dredging for an area of 5.6km2, with a dredging amount of 2.4 million mi3 ; (b) returning water surface used for fishery to lake, including sediment dredging with capacity of 810,000 m3, and removal of dykes and other excavation works amount to 2.19 million m (3) water diversion, including the construction of Meiliang lake pumping 3 ; station, with a design flow of 50m3/s. Polluted water control, embankment rehabilitation and ecological restoration proposed to be carried out using Worldbank loan. The layout of the project is as shown in Annexed Figure 3-1. 18 /^,; lw ~Figure 3-1 TheLocations for Components of TBUEP Sti-rm adwld'sI-o-in in JiangProi ~~~~Shandong 1 < yflS i ~~~~~~,, n ~~~~~~ ~~N / < A Chanzhouf i:\ !n :>Yh;u- ^, tg < >%^ * ,, ,,, | )< , F . 2, ~~~~~Anhui Jiangsu L x pHuishan WWI?X/{Ee Ynhxu 61 * 5---s § 6 > . < RehablitLatineu Jiuli RiVer . < hn9; j Shanghai\\t z >t ,\ ~Componen7>So 2s/ L^eSt /x /~~~~~~ t_.4, ' ;- kingpu iadi t .- js yiang 5-< . ;-. .| . < City v ~'~1 <,;S-'i---42-|-1yr; ''~ Ku--an ~ ~~~~~~UAO PS s «rr P- h;f P I Utl .0 -I -w *-|ds * - Lake : or River -: - -- Control --- Shan ~~ ! ~ />lehpCmixer ;.-.f>Sngin '- - -- ' a. Polluted water control component There are 24 incoming rivers around Wuli lake Currently, it is planned to build gates on rivers that connect with the Neicheng River network of Wuxi urban area. In the meantime, a pumping station will be built at Caowangjing, to artificially control the operation water level of Wuli lake and control the water flow direction in the lake area, so as to improve the water flow effect in the lake area and the water quality of incoming rivers of the lake. The scale of water level control component is as shown in Table 3.2-2, and the main workload are summarized in Table 3.2-3. Table 3.2-2 Sketch of rivers and buildings for polluted water control component River length Bottom width Bottom Gate width Ship lock Pumping station No. Sub-components (kn) (i) eleva(on ) () (ms) (km) (m) ~~(m) ()()(-s I Huanhu sluice gate 2.56 15-30 1.2 8 2 Xiaoxuangang sluice gate 1.20 5.0 1.5 6 3 Ludianqiao sluice gate 3.52 4.0 1.5 8 4 Lixi River sluice gate 2.22 4.0 0.5 6 5 Maligang sluice gate 15.0 0.5 10 6 Caowangiing hub 15.0 0.5 12 12(16)x90 20 7 Banqiaogang sluice gate 12(16)x90 8 Changguangxi sluice gate 15.0 0.5 10 9 Dongxin sluice gate 10 Xianjinbang sluice gate 11 Miaodongbang sluice gate Table 3.2-3 Main workload for polluted water control component Unit: m3 Work item Soil excavation Soil backfilling Construction area Huanhu gate 1,639 7,900 66.00 Xiaoxuangang gate 2,365 2,300 66.00 Ludianqiao gate 2,100 4,173 66.00 Lixi River gate 2,771 2,345 66.00 Changguangxi gate 2,670 4,021 93.72 Maligang gate 2,524 3,438 93.72 Banqiaogang gate 7,583 71,148 228.25 Caowangjing hub 35,538 42,944 488.07 Caowangjing pumping station 24,787 13,405 1,033.70 b. Embankment rehabilitation component The shoreline around Wuli Lake is about 25.6 km. It consists mainly of fishponds and small amount of soil revetment except some grass revetment in the Yuantouzhu Park. This component is planned for the embankment of 19.4 km out of the total 29.246 km around the lake. The embankment buildings will be up to grade 3. The type and length ofembankment rehabilitation are as shown in Table 3.2-4, and the workload of embankment rehabilitation are as shown in Table 3.2-5. The effect of the component is as shown in Figure 3-2 and 3-3. Table 3.2-4 Type and length of embankment rehabilitation component Unit: km No. Type of utilization A B C D E F Total I Passive utilization 0 0.302 0 0.644 0 5.069 6.015 2 Positive utilization 3.480 2.429 0.308 0.955 0.986 1.065 9.223 3 Positive development and utilization 1.632 0 1.322 0 1.186 0 4.140 4 Total 5.112 2.731 1.63 1.599 2.172 6.134 19.378 Note: Passive utilization is mainly along the undeveloped sections along the shore, mainly for maintaining the original natural conditions; positive utilization will be done normally in areasclose to residential quarters, parks and scenic spots; and positive development and utilization will be done near high grade residents and commercial zones. A and B are slope revetment; E isvertical retaining walls, and C and D are composite retaining wall structures. 19 Table 3.2-5 Workload of embankment rehabilitation component Unit: 3 m No. Description Workload I Soil excavation 100,730 2 Soil backfiIling 2,381,741 3 Mortar bonded stone blocks 15,223 4 Fabricated concrete piles 315 5 Concrete 17,013 c. Ecological restoration component The ecological restoration start with plantation, and this will be combined with introducing and breeding benthos and fishes. The water ecological system will be restored step by step with the combined action of plants and animals and the biological regulation and adjustment techniques. For the ecological restoration project, Wuli Lake will be divided into: enhanced function zone (pioneered plantation zone), main rehabilitation zone (areas of restoring fish ponds to lake near some river estuaries into the lake), scenic and touring zone (for sightseeing and entertainment), and shallow water zone by lake (with water depth not exceeding lm) and reserved zone (center of the lake). The plantation of aquatic plants in different functional zones will be as follows: in zones with water depth less than 1m, emergent aquatic plants such as cattail and reed will mainly be planted, and in zones with water depth greater than Im, mainly tape grass, black alga, Malaisy and waterweed will be planted. The work quantity of ecological restoration in each functional zone is as shown in Table 3.2-6. Table 3.2-6 Workload of ecological restoration component Zone Total area Plantation area (ha) (ha) Emergent aquatic plant Floating plant Submerged plant Enhanced function zone 120.9 19.50 8.54 92.86 Major rehabilitation zone 21.53 0 2.00 19.53 Scenic and touring zone 15.44 0 5.06 10.38 Shallow water zone 75.62 3.09 21.11 51.42 Total 233,49 22.59 36.71 174.19 (2) River dredging in Suzhou River dredging in Suzhou includes widening the bottleneck river sections, getting through the dead river ends and sediment dredging works. Among them, the former two components will be implemented using domestic fund, and the sediment dredging works will be completed using World Bank loans. a. Tasks and scale The main task of this component is to dredge the canal network in the central urban area of Suzhou. According to the measured datas for cross-sections, dredging will be done for river courses (cross-sections) with silting grade II or above, for a total length of 65.7km, with a dredging amount of 1,287,000 m3. b. Dredging standard The silting grades of river course are shown respectively in Table 3.2-7 and Figure 3-4. According to "Technical Regulation on River Course Management for Urban Area in Suzhou" (issued by Suzhou Waterway Administration in 2000), the present dredging standard has been determined as shown in Table 3.2-8. The river course with silting grade I (0.3-0.6m) will not be dredged temporarily. Table 3.2-7 Silting grade of river courses Unit: m Silting grade I II m IV V Sediment thickness 0.30.6 0.6-0.9 0.9-1.2 1.2-1.5 >1.5 Table 3.2-8 Dredging standard of river courses River width(m) Riverbed elevation (m) Sloping At bank In the middle <8 1.9 0.8 1:1 8-15 1.9 0.8 1:0.5 >15 1.9 0 1:0.5 20 ; rt:il ; .s~~ ~ t ts-31 an dn f W t~~~~~~~~~~~t 'I 9'BItRIwffiwfflit~~--(2i Figure 3-2 The Landscape design ofShoreline with Highly Positive Utilizationfor Wuli Lake Rehabilitation ' - ~~~~~~~A-Am a 4 w1 _~ -. .- "U $ i s - Figure 3-3 The Landscape design ofShoreline with Passive Utilization for Wuli Lake Rehabzilitation if t I 's $ w <, if ,7 a-^ # * *0 4f i f' # # I i , °-' I if ,ifif~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~AI A >:g RiV eJ A , f *ifif4%%%%, 1 r , t \9 >f 1 ,,i "/ if if; if ifif a ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~jE1fl~~~~~~~~~ *07 1 01 1 R'V / A / 2X # \ z I ~~~~~~~~ Ji2 ~~~~~ if~ .5*f, ~ ifis 9jinji Lake .... p~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Nif~~~~~~~~ * 1 i I ' -,. 7 if if , ;( A 3-4A The Su A ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7 *ptif~~~~ 'f i of ifOf f N7if 7 ; / , Al~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ if IV'p a8 . i i ot ne in if fif 1 5 if 7J~f if~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"7 Iq~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i A if -4Th ifFgue Siltn evlfRiesinSzo c. Dredging scope The dredging scope include all river courses with silting grade II or above in the central urban area which covers about 75km2 (including 14.2 km2 for the old urban area). The characteristics of the water system, properties of the sediment and division of urban area will be taken into consideration for the present dredging, and the dredging scope is as shown in Table and Figure 3-7. The dredging for the canal network within the old urban area will not be included in the present components as it will be done by Suzhou Water Authority in the second half of this year with domestic funds. Table 3.2-9 Dredging scope of rivers District Scope Area (krn2) City north Bounded by Waitang River to the east, extending Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway to the north, 12.3 Waicheng River to the south, and Shiziyang River to the west City east Bounded by Suzhou-Jiaxing-Hangzhou Expressway to the east, Waicheng River and Old 9.63 Canal to the west, Xiegang to the north and Waijiang River and Loujiang to the south City south Bounded by Waicheng River to the north and Old Canal to the east, the Grand Canal to the 7.32 south, and Dalonggang to the west Xujiang river Bounded by Xujiang River to the north, Dalonggang to the east, and the Grand Canal to the 10.88 Panxi district west and south New district to Bounded by Waicheng River to the east, Shangtang River to the north,the Grand Canal to 10.6 east of river the west, Xujiang River to the south Bounded by Shiziyang River and Waicheng River to the east and Shangtang River to the Shantang zone south, Grand Canal to the west and outer river embankment, and No. 312 national highway 9.13 to the north, and along Shiziyang River to Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway d. Dredging amount According to the dredging standard and silting degree, the total amount of dredging will be 1,287,000 m3. The dredging amount for each district (section) is as shown in Table 3.2-10. Table 3.2-10 Dredging amount indifferent district District New district to Xujiang river City south City east Shantang City north east ofriver Panxi district Amount (1,000 m3) 109.6 361.2 113.7 123.3 250.1 328.7 Dredging length (m) 5,835 20,311 6,681 7,431 10,799 14,652 (2) Polluted Water Control in Suzhou a. Composition It consists of two parts: Xujiang hub and Shangtang ship lock, the specific locations are as shown in Figure 4- 1-4-3. b. Construction standard They are determined as Grade I hydraulic structure. The highest navigable water levels at ship lock are 4.29 m on the Grand Canal side and 3.80m on Neicheng River side (the maximum control water level for Neicheng River); The lowest navigable water levels at shiplock are 2.43m on the Grand Canal side and 2.56m (Xujiang River shiplock) and 2.69m (Shangtang shiplock) on inner side. c. Site selection Site for Xujiang hub: the ship lock will be located on the north branch of Xujiang River, with a lock chamber of 12x6Om (widthxeffective length), a sluice gate with a net width of 15m will be arranged to the north of the ship lock to ensure smooth water flow in the river course. A sluice gate of 3x 1Om (hole countxhole width) will be arranged on the south branch of Xujiang River; the location of the pumping station for city flood prevention project will be reserved to the north of the sluice gate. Site for Shangtang ship lock: it will be located between Laifeng Bridge and Jiangfeng Bridge, the lock head of the ship lock is about 45m away from the Jiangfeng Bridge, and the lock chamber is sized as 30x40m (widthx effective length). 21 d. Main workload The main structures of Xujiang hub include one ship lock and two sluice gates, and workload of the main body of the component is as shown in Table 3.2-11. The main workload of Shangtang ship lock component is as shown in Table 3.2-12. Table 3.2-11 Main workload of Xujiang hub component Unit: m3 Item North branch ofXujiang hub South branch of Xujiang hub Ship lock I Sluice gate Sluice gate Soil excavation 41,100 30,902 Soil backfilling 22,449 12,549 Masonry 351 352 725 Riprap stone 555 608 2,376 Concrete piles 170 1,019 648 Concrete 5,493 8,254 5,685 Table 3.2-12 Main workload of Shangtang river ship lock component Unit: m3 Item Workload Soil excavation 7,045 Soil backfilling 23,634 Masonry 934 Riprap stone 488 Concrete piles 170 Concrete 11,724 3.2.2 Briefs of Proposed WWTPs 6 WWTPs have been proposed in TBUEP, the Brief conditions are as detailed in Table 3.2-13, and their locations as shown in Figure 3-1. The scales are as detailed in Table 3.2-14 and layout figure see Annexed Figure 3-2-3.7. The influent and effluent concentrations of WWTPs are shown in Table 3.2-15. SBR process will be adopted as result of advantages of operation applicability, capacity of resisting impact, scale, land demand, costruction and operating cost etc according to comparison between A2/O and SBR process. Table 3.2-13 Briefs conditions of proposed WWTPs City Name Service area (ktn2) Treatment process Receiving water body Huishan 39.55 Xibei canal (IV) Dongting 64.60 Xinxingtang river-Jiuli river (IV) Wuxi Anzhen 22.63 SBR Shengtang river-Jiuli river (IV) Loujiang 35.50 Loujiang river (IV) Fuxing 46.60 The Grand canal (IV) Wuzhong 15.26 Table 3.2-14 Scale of the proposed WWTPs City WWTP Scale Remarks Huishan 25,000m3/d for phase I and 50,000 m4/d for phase II Phase I being a World Bank loan component Wuxi Dongting 20,000m3/d for phase I and 30,000 m3/d for phase II Phase IIbeing a World Bank loan component Anzhen 20,OOOm3/d for phase I Phase I being a World Bank loan component Wuzhong 25,000m3/d for phase I and 50,000 m3/d for phase II Phase I being a World Bank loan component Loujian 60,000m3/d for phase I (under construction) and 80,000 Suzhou lag m3/d for phase n Phase I being a World Bank loan component Fuxing 80,000m3/d3 for phase I (Have been constructed) and I100,000 m /d for phase II Table 3.2-15 Design influent and effluent concentration for the proposed WWTPs Unit: mg/L Item CODc, BOD5 SS NIH3-N TP Influent concentration 300-600 150-200 200-300 25-35 2-3 Effluent concentration 60 20 15 20 1 22 Sanji oziu \4 iN~~~~~~~ Lake ~~~ ,w- ~ ~ ~~~~~ai w \1, J [D I L,-.-ke, & S \. e - * -e I< , -kj i 0 lit .'>,*\2 p- , \ 4> .!t. t! ^- ^ 54 0 ;>~~~~~~~+ ' K,ver 8i .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ,, J ske wt,Wdi-' Fiur 3 The Trnsot Routswes of Sedimen fo Rie Newok Drdgn in Suzhou tngFo 3.2.3 Collection system of proposed WWTPs Collection systems of the Project WWTPs all are independent system which is seperated from stormwater collection system. (1) Huishan WWTP There are two catchments in the Huishan WWTP service area. Catchment I covers Huishan Industrial Park, Yanqiao and Changan Towns while Catchment 2 covers the Xizhang town which is 10 km away from Catchment 1. The district of Huishan has proposed to construct the collection system in Catchment I by using the World Bank financing and that in Catchment 2with totally local government investment. For Catchment 1, the total service (catchment) area to be covered by the proposed sewer/collection system will be 39.55 km2, to be bordered by Xinxicheng road to the west, the planned east ring road to the east, Xibei canal to the south and Jie river to the north. The entire collection system will be constructed in phases. In the short term (by 2010) the sewer system will collect municipal wastewater from the newly constructed Huishan district administration center, residential area of Yanqiao, Hujiadu and Yangdong villages and Changan township and industrial wastewater from Huayuan Life Science Zone, Nanqi Automobile city, and Weifu Nana Meter Industrial Park as well as the existing industrial enterprises in the area. (2) Dongting WWTP Dongting WWTP started construction in 2001 and is expected to complete and operate in 2003. It will serve Dongting down, Dongting Economic Development Zone and the nearby villages in Xishan district of Wuxi city. The total service area will be 64.6 km2. According to the local development, the above development zones will be approximately 50% established in the short term (2010). Therefore, the short term WWTP (2010) service area will be about 38.8 km2. The wastewater collection system to be covered under this World Bank financed project includes area north Xihu road in Dongting down (area to the south is to be serviced by the first phase of the WWTP), south of Xishan road in Dongbeitang town. In addition, the area north of Beixing pond and south of Xisha railway in Batu town will also be covered by the wastewater collection system. The collection system will be built for the long-term service area totaling 64.6 km2. (3) Anzhen WWTP The wastewater collection system will covers 3 townships (Anzhen, Yangjian, Houqiao town) with service area of 11.34km 2 and Industrial park with 11.29km2. It (DN300-DN600 sewers) will first be built within each of the 3 townships and the industrial park along virtually all streets. Then wastewater will be transferred to the WWTP via trunk sewer. (4) WWTP in central urban area of Suzhou WWTPs in central urban area of Suzhou include the expansion of Loujiang and Fuxing WWTP. Over the years, the Suzhou center district has gradually built a wastewater collection system but mostly based on a combined system. Wastewater collection system has been in upgrading since 1998. By the end of 2002, 92.08 km of DN250-DN1 500 trunk sewers have been constructed within the service area in center Suzhou, including most of the above mentioned trunk sewers. The remaining trunk sewers are in the tendering stage and construction will start soon. a. Loujiang WWTP The wastewater collection areas in the central Suzhou district under the service area of Fuxin and Loujiang WWTPs are divided into two zones, the northeast zone and southwest zone. The northeast zone has a total area of 35.5 km2. On the east side of the area, the current sewer system collects wastewater and diverted to trunk sewer on east ring road which discharges into the existing Chengdong WWTP from both north and south directions. As Chengdong WWTP has a limited treatment capacity, additional sewer conveyors will take the wastewater from Chengdong WWTP to Loujiang WWTP which is under construction. The additional conveyor includes DN1000 pressurized pipes along Jinji lake road, through east ring road to Suj iahang expressway and from there through DN1350 concrete gravity trunk sewer towards north along Lujiang road to Loujiang WWTP. On the north side, trunk sewer goes along G312 east bound to Loujiang 23 WWTP via DN1500 conveyor. b. Fuxing WWTP The southwest zone has a total area of 46.6 km2 and the wastewater from area will eventually be discharged into Fuxin WWTP via two trunk conveyors from south and west zones. In the south zone, wastewater is first collected into south ring road and then to west ring road while in the west zone the trunk sewer is mainly along west ring road. The existing Chengxi WWTP will be closed once the Fuxin WWTP is in operation and wastewater collected at the Chengxi WWTP will be lifted and convey along the Loudongxi road to the DN1800 trunk sewer along the west ring road and finally to the Fuxin WWTP. (5) Wuzhong WWTP The area to be serviced by the Wuzhong WWTP is about 15.26 km2. Most of the service area occupied by industrial and manufacturing operations with small residential areas. The established area has 34 km of mostly stormwater sewer which sometimes also receive wastewater. This sewer system is to be upgraded and a separate system will be created through construction of a new wastewater collection in the service area. The existing 34 km combined sewer will be used as storm sewer. A new wastewater collection system will be constructed in the service area. The total length of collection system is 23.4 km and calibers are 300-1200 mm. Collection systems of the proposed WWTPs are as shown in Table 3.2-16 and Annexed Figure 3-8 to 3-13. Table 3.2-16 Collection system of the proposed WWTPs City WWTP Service area (km2) Sewerage network length (kIn) Pipe diameter (m) Huishan 39.55 57.6 DN400-DNI600 Wuxi Dongting 64.60 48.177 DN300-DN1000 Anzhen 22.63 39.2 DN300-DN800 Wuzhong 15.26 23.4 DN300-DN1200 Suzhou Loujiang 35.5 The Sewerage networks for Loujiang and Fuxing component are Fuxing 46.60 not World Bank funded 3.2.4 Land Acquisition, Excavation and Relocation See details in section 10 for permanent and temporary land acquisition and houses resettlement of each component. 3.3 Construction Scheme and Schedule Arrangement 3.3.1 Wuli Lake Rehabilitation (I) Polluted water control component (Water level control) The sluice gate, ship lock and pumping station for water level control are all conventional water conservancy works, and will be implemented in conventional ways. The main construction equipment includes: piling machine, excavator, concrete mixer, mobile crane and vibrator. The process of flowchart and the pollution producing points are shown in Figure 3-5. Noise Dust Dust and noise Noise Dust Slag Cofferda Soil Concrete mixing Gate and ag Cofferda mworks excav- and vibrating chamber lifting behind g m and mounting wall < , < ~~~ation, , reoa Figure 3-5 Flowchart of main process and pollution producing points for polluted water control component (2) Embankment Rehabilitation component The main works to be done includes: soil excavation and backfilling, mortar bonded stone, fabricated pile 24 works and concrete works, and embankment works in conventional process. The main construction equipments include: piling machine, excavator, concrete mixer, mobile crane and vibrator. The process flow and pollution producing points are shown in Figure 3-6. Noise and slag Noise Noise and i: f wastewater Slag Foundation Pile , back- Cofferdam . Concrete base Wall ac Cofferdam -_ pit _ , foundation _ woks_ filling_ building plate works works behind removal excavation works p wok wall Figure 3-6 Flowchart of main process and pollution producing points for embankment rehabilitation component 3.3.2 Suzhou River Dredging The sludge in the river will be dredged with 0.3m3-0.5m 3 grab dredgers and loaded into barges, which will transport it to the designated sediment disposal site, for a distance of about 5-19km. The main transport routes of each area are as shown in Table 3.3-1 and Figure 3-7. The barges will be berthed at the temporary jetty for the works close to the disposal site, and the sediment will be moved to the sediment disposal site along the bank with a Im3 grab excavator and dumping trucks, and the transport distance is about 500m. The sediment disposal site is the abandoned fishpond at Sanjiaozui, to the north of Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway and east of Shiziyang River, and the available area for the spoil and sediment is about 1.7 km in length and about 31 Om in width. Table 3.3-1 Sludge transport routes of river dredging for all districts No. District Transport route I Shantang and Hedong Shangtang River- Waicheng River-+Shiziyang River--sediment disposal site New District 4 Xujiang river Panxi Dalonggang-Waicheng River-+Shiziyang River-sediment disposal site 5 and City south district The Grand Canal-*Xujiang River-*Waicheng River-iShiziyang River-*sediment disposal site 6 City north and City Waicheng River-*Shiziyang River-*sediment disposal site 7 east district Yuanhetang-Waicheng River-*Shiziyang River-sediment disposal site The main construction equipment for the works include the dredger, barge, excavator and dumping trucks.The process flow and the pollution producing points are shown in Figure 3-8. Noise * Odor 4 Odor and Noise Odor nofse t t Dredger Barge Grexab Dumping Disposal M_ Leachate ( rdeBre)excavator ^ truck site SS Drop SS Drop along the routine Figure 3-8 Flowchart of main process and pollution producing points for river dredging component 3.3.2 Suzhou Polluted Water Control The construction method, process flow and pollution producing points of Suzhou polluted water control component are as same as Wuxi polluted water control component. 3.3.4 Construction Schedule The construction schedule for embankment rehabilitation component is as shown in Table 3.3-2. 25 Table 3.3-2 Construction schedule of rehabilitation components Component Construction schedule (months) Sluice gate 4 Wuli lake rehabilitation Polluted water control Ship lock and group gate 9 Pumping station 13 Embankment rRehabilitation 8 Sediment dredging (including works at sediment disposal site) Oct. 2004-May 2005 Oct. 2005-May 2006 Xujiang Hub 20 Shangtang shiplock 12 3.4 Engineering Analysis for Rehabilitation Components during Construction Period 3.4.1 Analysis for Water Environment Pollution Based on the statistics in ordinary cities and towns in this area, the water consumption by working personnel in daily life will be 150 L/cap/d, the wastewater amount is calculated at a coefficient of 0.80, with the CODcr concentration as 300mg/L, NH3-N concentration as 50mg/L, and the domestic rubbish amount is 1.0 kg/cap/d. The peak period working people for single work item of Wuli lake rehabilitation component will be up to 1000 (embankment rehabilitation), and the total number of people in construction for concurrent work for the comprehensive rehabilitation works will be 2000.The Suzhou polluted water control in requires 60,000 man-days, for a construction period of 2 years, the Xujiang hub project requires 68,100 man-days, and Shangtang river hub project requires 25,000 man-days; The predicted release amount of domestic pollutant by working people is as shown in Table 3.4-1. Table 3.4-1 Domestic wastewater and pollutants load of constructor Wastewater Component l CODc, (ta) NH3-N (tla) Domestic rubbish (t/a) discharge (m-/a) CDc(ta Wuli lake rehabilitation 87,600.0 26.3 4.4 730 Suzhou canal dredging 3,600.0 1.08 0.18 30 Xujiang hub 8935.2 2.7 0.4 8.9 Shangtang shiplock 3066 0.9 0.2 3.1 3.4.2 Analysis for Ambient Air Pollution The dust concentration near ground on work site can be 1.5-3Omg/m3, based on the investigation of similar cases and relevant works, and the flying dust on road is related to the dust thickness on ground. 3.4.3 Analysis for Noise Pollution The Acoustic pollution source during construction period in this component will mainly be the construction machinery and transport trucks. The pollution source strength is shown in Tables 3.4-2 and 3.4-3. Furthennore, the peak noise level of loaded trucks can be 95dB (A). Table 3.4-2 Noise level of dredger for rehabilitation components Unit:dB(A) Noise source Noise level (1 5 m away from source) Type I dredger 0.3* Electrical powered 56 Diesel powered 63 Type IIdredger 0.5* Electrical powered 58 Diesel powered 65 Note: *: power number. The values in the table are measured values. The measurement was made with noise statistic analyzer (Model AWA6218) 26 Table 3.4-3 Noise value of main construction equipments for Rehabilitation Components Equipment description Sound level at 10 m away from equipment dB (A) Piling machine 105 Excavator 80 Bulldozer 76 Concrete mixer 81 Crane 78 Roller 82 Truck 80 Motor-driven saw 84 Insertion type concrete vibrator 73 3.4.4 Solid Waste Spoil from the projects will be mainly from the two components in Suzhou and Comprehensive Rehabilitation for Wuli Lake in Wuxi, and the amount of spoil is as detailed in Table 3.4-4. Table 3.4-4 Spoil amount of rehabilitation components Unit: 1,000 m3 Component Name Amount Component Name Amount Xujiang hub 14.4 Polluted water control 13 Suzhou polluted Shangtang 1.4 Comprehensive Embankment rehabilitation 54 water control and shiplock Rehabilitation for river dredging Sludge dredging 1,286.6 Wuli Lake Building demolishing and 5 construction waste Subtotal 1,309.6 Subtotal 72 3.5 WWTP Components 3.5.1 Water Quantity and Quality Analysis (1) Domestic wastewater flow and pollutant concentration Domestic water includes water consumed by residents and public utilities. According to the water supply and planning statistics from Chang'an Water Company, Wuxi Huishan New District and Xishan District, and the data provided by Wuzhong High-tech Development Zone, Suzhou Water Authority and the individual environmental impact reports and project feasibility study reports of the various proposed WWTPs, the status quo of population, water consumption and pollutant concentration in the service areas of the projects to be financed by World Bank are as shown in Table 3.5-1, and the pollutant concentration for the calculated years is as shown in Table 3.5-2. Other relevant parameters are: wastewater collection rate at 80%; CODcr at 76 g/cap/d, BOD5 at 38 g/cap/d; NH3-N at 9 g/cap/d; SS at 45g/cap/d and TP at 0.9g/cap/d. Domestic wastewater consists of business, service and urban public wastewater, and amount of it is different in different area. Public wastewater amount accounts for 40-50% of total wastewater amount in urban area and about 10-15% in development area. Water demand of mobile population accounts for 50% of that of permanent population. Population lived in downtown will remove from this area in accordance with overall plan of Suzhou. so the population in service areas of Loujiang and Fuxing WWTP will less than that at present. Table 3.5-1 Status quo domestic wastewater and pollutant load in service area of proposed WWTP Population (1,000) Water consumption Pollutant load (t/d) WWTP Permnanent Mobile Per capita Total CODc BOD, NH,-N SS TP (LId) (1,000 m3/d) CD ~ BD i- S T Huishan 54.5 14.4 130 6 4.7 2.3 0.6 2.8 0.06 Dongting 84.3 9.0 180 14 6.7 3.3 0.8 4.0 0.08 Anzhen 30.1 12.0 130 4 2.7 1.4 0.3 1.6 0.03 Loujiang 414.6 103.3 180 88 35.4 17.7 4.2 21.0 0.4 Fuxing 312.7 73.0 180 66 26.5 13.2 3.1 15.7 0.3 Wuzhong 30.0 24.0 170 6 3.2 1.6 0.9 1.9 0.04 27 Table 3.5-2 Domestic wastewater and pollutannt load for proposed WWTPs in 2010 and 2020 Year WWTP Population (1,000) consWuamption Total amount CODc, BOD5 NH3-N SS TP Permanent Mobile L/cap/d 1000 m3/d tid t/d tVd tid tVd Huishan 78.3 42.2 160 13 7.6 3.8 0.9 4.5 0.09 Dongting 90.5 34.1 190 18 8.2 4.1 1.0 4.8 0.1 2010 Anzhen 46.0 20.0 160 7 4.2 2.1 0.5 2.5 0.05 Loujiang 306.0 80.8 190 74 26.3 13.2 3.1 15.6 0.3 Fuxing 254.1 58.4 190 60 21.5 10.8 2.5 12.7 0.3 Wuzhong 45.0 36.0 185 10 4.8 2.4 0.6 2.8 0.06 Huishan 90.5 59.4 200 19 9.1 4.6 1.1 5.4 0.1 Dongting 106.1 59.2 200 25 10.3 5.2 1.2 6.1 0.1 2020 Anzhen 55.0 30.0 200 11 5.3 2.7 0.6 3.1 0.06 Loujiang 314.6 74.0 200 82 26.7 13.4 3.2 15.8 0.3 Fuxing 277.7 55.6 200 71 23.2 11.6 2.7 13.7 0.3 Wuzhong 60.0 48.0 200 12 6.4 3.2 0.8 3.8 0.08 (2) Industrial wastewater and pollutants concentration According to the data provided in the individual environmental impact reports and project feasibility study reports ofvarious proposed WWTPs, within the service areas of the 6 plants to be financed by World Bank, there are 231 industrial enterprises, and the wastewater discharge amount of these enterprises are about 130,000 m3/d. As the main pollutant, the discharge of CODcr is 22.82 t/d. Statistics of main industrial wastewater discharge and pollutant discharge amount are as shown in Table 3.5-3. Table 3.5-3 Statistics of main industrial wastewater and pollutants amount in service area of WWTPs Number of Industrial wastewater CODC, WWTP enterprises Total amount Discharge amount Total amount (Va) Discharge enterrises (Million m3/a) (m3/d) Ttlanutta) amount (lid) Huishan 65 2.564 7,024.7 1,998.30 5.50 Dongting 70 5.318 14,569.8 1,036.90 2.84 Anzhen 44 1.973 5,404.4 657.3 1.80 Wuzhong 10 1.944 5,326.0 -- -- Loujiang 22 14.440 39,561.0 1,724.92 4.73 Fuxing 20 21.147 57,937.0 2,903.45 7.95 Total 231 4,738.569 129,822.9 8,320.87 22.82 (3) Calculation for industrial water demand The following factors have been taken into consideration in the calculation of industrial water demand: * It depends on the industrial structure, products, technologies, management level and water source conditions in the service area of each WWTP, as the water demand of industrial entities is different. * The industrial water consumption rate per 10000 RMB of products will decrease year by year through readjustment of industrial structure, process innovation, water source protection measures and recycling of water. * According to the national economic and social development plan, the new type industries in the future will be capital/technology intensified ones, and high-tech, trading, financing, insurance and information sectors will develop. Therefore the industrial water consumption rate per 10000 RMB of products will decrease year by year. * According to "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996), Class III standard will be implemented for industrial wastewater entering the urban sewer system. Also, to meet the standards in "Water Quality Standard for Wastewater Discharge into Urban Sewer" (CJ3082-1999), pre-treatment will be performed for wastewater exceeding the standards before leaving the factory by the industrial entities under construction in the industrial park and development zone within the service area ofthe VWWTPs. * Land area for industrial development and water demand per unit area according to the industrial development plan in the service area of WWTPs. Land areas for industrial development and water demand per unit area according to the industrial development plan in the service area of WWTPs (the actual water demand, including repeated use of water) are shown in Table 3.5-4. 28 Table 3.54 Land areas for industrial development and water demand perunit area in service area of WWTPs Industrial2 Water demand Water demand Year WWTP area (kim) (m3/km2/d) Industrial2 area Year WWVTP (km ) (m3/km2 Id) Huishan 6.05 5,000 Huishan 11.22 5,000 Dongting 8.52 5,500 Dongting 16.04 5,500 2010 Anzhen 6.58 3,000 2020 Anzhen 8.83 3,500 Loujiang 14.03 3,320 Loujiang 7.41 6,640 Fuxing 1.23 5,000 Fuxing 2.45 5,000 Wuzhong 4.04 5,500 Wuzhong 5.4 5,500 (4) Calculation of total amount for wastewater and pollutants load to be intercepted by the proposed WWTPs The actual total amount of wastewater to be intercepted and pollutant load in the service area of the planned WWTPs are as shown in Table 3.5-5 according to land areas for industrial development and water demand per unit area in different year, adding up industrial wastewater amount at present, collection rate of which is 80%. Table 3.5-5 Actual amount of wastewater and pollutants load to be catched by the proposed WWTPs Wastewater Amount CODcr BOD5 NH3-N SS TP type m3d t/d mg/L t/d mg/L t/d mg/L t/d mg/L t/d mg/L Domestic 13 7.6 594 3.8 297 0.9 70 4.5 352 0.1 7 Huishan Industrial 30 17.9 600 6.0 200 0.6 20 8.9 300 0.03 1 Total 43 25.4 598 9.7 229 1.5 35 13.4 315 0.1 3 Domestic 18 8.2 455 4.1 227 1.0 54 4.8 269 0.1 5 Dongting Industrial 49 14.7 300 7.4 150 0.7 15 9.8 200 0.02 1 Total 67 22.9 341 11.5 171 1.7 25 14.7 219 0.1 2 Domestic 7 4.2 594 2.1 297 0.5 70 2.5 352 0.1 7 Anzhen Industrial 20 6.0 300 3.0 150 0.3 15 4.0 200 0.01 1 2010 Total 27 10.3 377 5.1 188 0.8 29 6.5 240 0.1 2 Domestic 74 26.3 357 13.2 179 3.1 42 15.6 211 0.3 4 Loujiang Industrial 69 20.7 300 10.3 150 1.0 15 13.8 200 0.03 1 Total 143 47.0 330 23.5 165 4.2 29 29.4 206 0.3 2 Domestic 60 21.5 357 10.8 179 2.5 42 12.7 211 0.3 4 Fuxing Industrial 51 15.4 300 7.7 150 0.8 15 10.3 200 0.03 1 Total 112 36.9 331 18.5 165 3.3 30 23.0 206 0.3 3 Domestic 10 4.8 467 2.4 233 0.6 55 2.8 276 0.1 6 Wuzhong Industrial 22 6.6 300 3.3 150 0.3 15 4.4 200 0.01 1 Total 32 11.4 353 5.7 176 0.9 28 7.2 224 0.1 2 Domestic 19 9.1 475 4.6 238 1.1 56 5.4 281 0.1 6 Huishan Industrial 50 30.3 600 10.1 200 1.0 20 15.1 300 0.05 1 Total 70 39.4 566 14.7 210 2.1 30 20.6 295 0.2 2 Domestic 25 10.3 413 5.2 207 1.2 49 6.1 245 0.1 5 Dongting Industrial 82 24.7 300 12.3 150 1.2 15 16.4 200 0.04 1 Total 107 35.0 326 17.5 163 2.5 23 22.6 210 0.2 2 Domestic 11 5.3 475 2.7 238 0.6 56 3.1 281 0.1 6 Anzhen Industrial 29 8.7 300 4.4 150 0.4 15 5.8 200 0.01 1 2020 Total 40 14.0 349 7.0 174 1.1 26 9.0 223 0.1 2 Domestic 82 26.7 328 13.4 164 3.2 39 15.8 194 0.3 4 Loujiang Industrial 71 21.3 300 10.7 150 1.1 15 14.2 200 0.04 1 Total 153 48.0 315 24.0 157 4.2 28 30.0 197 0.4 2 Domestic 71 23.2 328 11.6 164 2.7 39 13.7 194 0.3 4 Fuxing Industrial 56 16.8 300 8.4 150 0.8 15 11.2 200 0.03 1 Total 127 40.1 315 20.0 158 3.6 28 25.0 197 0.3 2 Domestic 15 6.4 413 3.2 207 0.8 49 3.8 245 0.1 5 Wuzhong Industrial 28 8.4 300 4.2 150 0.4 15 5.6 200 0.01 1 Total 43 14.8 340 7.4 170 1.2 27 9.4 216 0.1 2 Note: The incoming amount of Huishan WWTP is 50,000m3/d, including 25,OOOm3/d for Phase I treatment. The World Bank project is for Phase 11 treatment of 25,000m3/d. 29 3.5.2 Wastewater Treatment Process (See Section 4 for Treatment Process) (1) Brief introduction of processes flow For effluent treatment plant of this project, several biologic treatment methods satisfying basic requirements have been compared. These processes include oxidation ditch method, A2/O traditional activate sludge method and SBR method. SBR process is selected after comparison. This process is one of the biologic effluent treatment methods. The mechanism of this process is the same as the ordinary activated sludge process, with the difference that the aeration and sedimentation is integrated in the same tank, without the secondary sedimentation tank and sludge reflux equipment. In this system, the reaction tank is filled with wastewater at regular intervals, and it operates on an intermittent mode. After treatment, the mixed liquid is allowed to settle for a period of time, and then the top clean water is drained from the tank. In recent years, the demand to remove phosphorus and nitrogen has been put forth with the accelerating eutrophication in water areas. This process enables the organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus to be removed in the same tank, without additional equipment to remove phosphorus and nitrogen, resulting in obvious saving in treatment cost. Furthermore, SBR process has extremely good superiority in suppressing expansion of activated sludge. The process flow and pollutant producing points are as shown in Figure 3-9. Odor ;; ci'9y9E '----.-- Chlorination NsIse . To Sludge out { 3 Thickening/ Equalizing tank dewatering ~~~~J Note: To ensure normal operation of effluent treatment plant, dyeing waste water treatment plant is provided for industrial waste water in collection area of this project and anaerobic hydrolysis section is addedbefore inflow, so that indissoluble organic substances are decomposed into simple small molecular substances that can be easily biodegraded. Figure 3-9 Diagram of SBR effluent process flow & pollutant producing points Anaerobic hydrolysis process has been developed in the 1980's especially for industrial wastewater that is difficult to be biodegraded. This process makes use of different dynamic conditions in the gas generation and hydrolysis stages and continuous water flow and flushing function to control anaerobic conditions in the first stage. Under such conditions, insoluble organic substances can be hydrolyzed into soluble substances. At the same time, substances that cannot be or are difficult to biodegrade can be decomposed into simple small molecular substances that can be biodegraded. Anaerobic hydrolysis process has 5 main characteristics: a. Decomposition of large molecular organic substances into small molecular organic substances, and hydrolysis and acidification of pollutants for easier biodegradation; b. Reactors and triphase separators that do not need sealing, hence less capital cost and easier maintenance; c. Anaerobic decomposition of small particle organic substances, reducing sludge output; d. Hydrolysis only occurs in first stage of anaerobic reaction, hence less marsh gas produced and less odor in operating environment; e. During hydrolysis, large molecular organic substances are decomposed into small molecular substances that can be easily biodegraded and annular substances of dye can be decomposed; hence this process can be used to treat similar waste water as from printing and dyeing mill and for discoloration 30 (2) Analysis of process treatment flow Brief introduction of SBR process treatment system is as follows: (D Effluent pretreatment system: Effluent is lifted by pump to enter channel before screen where floating sundries are removed, then flows into cyclone settling tank. After sand/water separation, the effluent flows into reaction tank treatment system. ( Biochemical treatment system: SBR system has 5 stages: filling, reaction, settling, draining and idling. According to the time when effluent flows into aeration tank in relation to the time aeration starts, SBR method can be classified into unlimited aeration, semi-limited aeration and limited aeration. In unlimited aeration, aeration starts when effluent enters the aeration tank; in semi-limited aeration, aeration starts some time after effluent enters the tank; in limited aeration, aeration starts when all effluent enter the tank. In SBR treatment system, single tank or multi-tank type can be adopted. This is decided according to the amount of effluent to be treated. In single tank system, i.e. only one SBR reaction tank, inflow and outflow are intermittent in regard to the whole process system. In multi-tank system, i.e. 2 or more SBR reaction tanks in the system, inflow can be alternating to each reaction tank, hence inflow is continuous in regard to the whole system process. Intermittent activated sludge method can be used for different amounts of effluent. In early stage of treatment plant operation, the system can operate normally even at very small effluent flow and energy consumption is small. ®)Post-treatment system: for municipal effluent, water quality is improved and bacterial content is greatly lowered after treatment, but the absolute content remains high in which there can be pathogenic bacterium. Therefore, chlorination in post-treatment system of this scheme can bring water quality bacteria index within emission requirements. ( Sludge treatment system: sludge treatment system of this project discharges remaining activated sludge into sludge concentration tank, which, after thickening and dewatering treatment, will be transported to municipal waste dump site for sanitary landfill treatment. (3) Efficiency analysis for treatment process Design treatment efficiencies for each treatment units of existing WWTPs are as shown in Table 3.5-6. Table 3.5-6 Design treatment efficiency for units of existingWWTPs Influent concentration Content Bar screen Sedimentation Reaction pond Result pond CODcr(500mg/L) Removal rate (%) 8 12 85 Effluent concentration (mg/L) 88 460 405 60 60 BOD5(200mg/L) Removal rate (%) 10 10 88 90 Effluent concentration (mg/L) 180 162 19 19 SS (250mg/L) Removal rate (%) 15 20 88 92 Effluent concentration (mg/L) 212.5 170 20 20 NH-I-N (35mg/1) Removal rate (%) / 15 50 57 Effluent concentration (mg/L) / 30 15 15 TP (3.OmgIL) Removal rate (%) I l 65 65 Effluent concentration (mg/L) / 1 It can be seen from the table that: with the SBR process, the effluent can meet the Category B discharge standard of Class I in "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GB 18918-2002) (TP meet Category A standard of Class I). (4) Influent and effluent quality analysis The sewer-connection standard for WWTPs shall be determined by the treatment efficiency of the process and the discharge standard of effluent with the wastewater treatment process determined. According to calculation, in the near term (201 0), the influent and effluent concentration and the required removal rate of various WWTPs are as shown in Table 3.5-7. 31 Table 3.5-7 Influent concentration and removal rate of proposed WWTPs Year WWTP Wastewater type CODc, BOD, NH3-N SS TP Huishan Influent(mg/L) 598 229 35 315 3 Removal rate (%) 90.0 91.3 57.2 93.7 64.3 Dongting Influent(mg/L) 341 171 25 219 2 Removal rate (%) 82.4 88.3 40.9 90.8 44.7 Anzhen Influent (mg/L) 377 188 29 240 2 2010 rA en Removal rate (%) 84.1 89.4 49.1 91.7 54.8 Loujiang Influent (mg/L) 330 165 29 206 2 Removal rate (%) 81.8 87.9 48.5 90.3 58.8 Fuxing Influent (mg/L) 331 165 30 206 3 Fuxing Removal rate (%) 81.9 87.9 49.6 90.3 60.2 Wuzhong Influent (mg/L) 353 176 28 224 2 Removalrate(%) 83.0 88.7 46.0 91.1 52.3 Influent (mg/L) 566 210 30 295 2 Huishan Removal rate (%) 89.4 90.5 50.0 93.2 56.1 Dongting Influent (mg/L) 326 163 23 210 2 Removal rate (%) 81.6 87.7 34.5 90.5 34.3 Anzhen Influent (mg/L) 349 174 26 223 2 2020 Removal rate (%) 82.8 88.5 43.3 91.0 48.0 2020 Lnfluent (mg/L) 315 157 28 197 2 Loujiang Removal rate (%) 80.9 87.3 45.9 89.8 56.6 Fuxing hnfluent (mg/L) 315 158 28 197 2 Removal rate (%) 81.0 87.3 47.0 89.8 58.1 Wuzhong Influent (mg/L) 340 170 27 216 2 Removal rate (%) 82.4 88.2 44.6 90.7 51.5 Class I Category B in "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GB18918-2002) 60 20 15 20 It can be seen from the table above that, according to the removal rate requirement, the effluent discharge concentration after treatment of the wastewater collected by the proposed projects conforms to the limits of Class B discharge standard of Grade I in "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" (GB I8918-2002) 3.5.3 Sewer-Connection Standard and Enterprise Connection Requirements within the Catchments (1) For the limit standard requirements on pollutant concentration of the connected sewerage network, "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996) shall be implemented. The maximum limits for pollutants of Category I see Table 3.5-8. Table 3.5-8 Max. allowable effluent concentration of a part of CategoryI pollutants (Daily average value) (Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP) Unit: mg/L No. Basic control item Standard value I Total mercury (Hg) 0.001 2 Alkyl mercury None to be found by testing 3 Total cadmium (Cd) 0.01 4 Total chromium (Cr) 0.1 5 Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) 0.05 6 Total Arsenic (As) 0.1 7 Total lead (Pb) 0.1 Stipulation: For this type of pollutant, the standard shall be strictly implemented with no regard to the discharge mode and direction, or the function division of the receiving water body. It is also specified that for this type of wastewater, sampling test shall all be done at the outlet of the workshop or treatment facilities of the workshop. The standard value shall be unified for this type of items, regardless that the water is discharged to water body or municipal sewer. Pre-treatinent must be performed in any enterprise exceeding the above pollutant standards, and the wastewater can be discharged into the sewerage network after meeting the standards. (2) For enterprises having Category II pollutants in their wastewater, Class III standard of Category II pollutants in "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996) must be implemented. Pre-treatment must be performed in any enterprise exceeding the Class III standards in GB8978-1996, and 32 the wastewater can be discharged into the sewerage system after meeting the standards. (3) If sectoral discharge standards of the state are available, such corresponding standards shall be implemented within its scope of application. (4) For pollutants not included in "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996), "Water Quality Standard for Wastewater Discharged into Municipal Sewer" (CJ3082-1999) must be implemented for discharge of industrial wastewater, and this standard defines the discharge limits for 35 dangerous substances. See Table for details 3.5-9. Table 3.5-9 Water quality standard for wastewater discharged into municipal sewer Unit: mg/L No. Description Discharge limit No. Description Discharge limit I pH value 6.0-9.0 19 Total lead 1.0 2 Suspended matter 150 (400) 20 Total copper 2.0 3 Solid likely to deposit 10 21 Total zinc 5.0 (mg/L/I 5mm) 4 Grease 100 22 Total nickel 1.0 5 Mineral oils 20.0 23 Total manganese 2.0(5.0) 6 Benzene series substance 2.5 24 Total iron 10.0 7 Cyanide 0.5 25 Total antimony 1.0 8 Sulfide 1.0 26 Hexavalent Chromium 0.5 9 Volatile phenol 1.0 27 Total chrome 1.5 10 Temperature 35-C 28 Total selenium 2.0 11 Biological oxygen demand (BOD5) 100(300) 29 Total arsenic 0.5 12 Chemical oxygen demand (CODc1) 150(500) 30 Sulfate 600 13 Dissolvable solid 2000 31 Nitryl benzene 5.0 14 Organic phosphor 0.5 32 Anionics (LAS) 10.0(20.0) 15 Aniline 5.0 33 Ammonia nitrogen 25.0(35.0) 16 Fluoride 20.0 34 Phosphate (as P) 1.0(8.0) 17 Total mercury 0.05 35 Color 80 times 18 Total cadmium 0.1 / / l Note: values in brackets are applicable to the sewerage systems of municipal WWTPs. (5) To meet the above industrial wastewater discharge standards and city sewer discharge standards, pre-treatment must be done first in industrial enterprises within the industrial park and economic development zone in the service areas of WWTPs, to remove inorganic, corrosive and toxic substances. When necessary, before discharging into the city sewer, wastewater containing high concentration of organic substance must go through secondary treatment. 3.5.4 Analysis for Pollutant Discharge Source Strength The main pollutants emissions from WWTPs are effluent, noise, solid waste and odor. (I) Effluent After completion of 6 WWTP components, the pollution load in the basin will be reduced, and certain improvement will be achieved for the water quality. According to the design capacity of the WWTPs of this project, the calculation of pollution load of various WWTPs is as shown in Table 3.5-10, and the total pollution load calculation for the project is shown in Table 3.5- 1. 33 Table 3.5-10 Pollutants load of influent and effluent for proposed WWTPs Unit: t/d WWTP Period Type CODC, BOD5 NH3-N SS TP 2010 Influent 25.4 9.7 1.5 13.4 0.1 2010han Effluent 2.6 0.9 0.6 0.9 Hu2shan 0.04 Influent 39.4 14.7 2.1 20.6 0.2 Effluent 4.2 1.4 1.0 1.4 0.1 2010 Influent 22.9 11.5 1.7 14.7 0.1 2010ting Effluent 4.0 1.3 1.0 Dongtm2g 1.3 0.1 Influent 35.0 17.5 2.5 22.6 0.2 Effluent 6.4 2.1 1.6 2.1 0.1 2010 Influent 10.3 5.1 0.8 6.5 0.1 Anzhen Effluent 1.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.03 2020 Influent 14.0 7.0 1.1 9.0 0.1 Effluent 2.4 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.04 2010 Influent 47.0 23.5 4.2 29.4 0.3 Loujia 21 Effluent 8.6 2.9 2.1 Louj2ang 2.9 0.1 Influent 48.0 24.0 4.2 30.0 0.4 Effluent 9.2 3.1 2.3 3.1 0.2 2010 Influent 36.9 18.5 3.3 23.0 0.3 Fuxin 2 Effluent 6.7 2.2 1.7 2.2 0.1 2020 Influent 40.1 20.0 3.6 25.0 0.3 Effluent 7.6 2.5 1.9 2.5 0.1 2010 Influent 11.4 5.7 0.9 7.2 0.07 2010ongEffluent 1.9 0.6 0.5 0.6 Wuzhong 0.03 Influent 14.8 7.4 1.2 9.4 0.1 Effluent 2.6 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.04 Table 3.5-11 Pollutants load of Influent and Effluent for proposed WWTPs Unit: t/d Component Period Type CODc, BOD5 NH3-N SS TP 2010 Influent 153.9 74.0 12.4 94.2 1.0 6WWTPs Effluent 25.4 8.5 6.4 8.5 0.4 6WW 2020s Influent 191.3 90.6 14.6 116.5 1.1 Effluent 32.4 10.8 8.1 10.8 0.5 After the implementation of the wastewater treatment projects, the total reduction based on the design capacity and the influent and effluent strength will be as shown in Table 3.5-12. It can be seen from this table that, after the implementation of the component, CODcr alone can be reduced by about 130-160 t/d, or 47,000-58,000 t/a. Table 3.5-12 Total reduction ofpollutants load for proposed WWTPs Unit: t/d Component Year COD,, BOD5 NH3-N SS TP 6WWTPs 2010 128.5 65.5 6.0 85.8 0.5 2020 158.9 79.8 6.5 105.6 0.6 (2) Noise The operation noise from a WWTP is mainly from the water pumps, aeration equipments and sludge dewatering machines, and their noise source strength is as shown in Table 3.5-13. Table 3.5-13 Noise source strength of main equipment for WWTPs Equipment description Noise level dB(A) Wastewater pump 70-85 Sludge pump 70-80 Air compressor 90-100 Vehicle 75-95 34 (3) Odor The structures such as sedimentation tanks, aeration tanks and sludge tanksare not capped, and wastewater in the tanks are in a flowing and mixing condition, substances releasing odor will be produced during the operation of the WWTPs. The main compositions of these substances are hydrogen sulfide, methyl hydrosulfide, ammonia and trimethylamine. They may affect the surrounding environment. According to the comparison investigation, the maximum affecting range of odor from a WWTP can be as far as 150m. (4) Solid waste According to estimation, the proposed VWWTPs will produce solid waste at amount as shown in Table 3.5-14. Table 3.5-14 Amount of sludge produced for proposed WWTPs WWTP Screenings Water content (%) Grit (m-/d) Water content Sludge Water(%) content (mid) d Sludge disposal site ) ( ) () (m-/d) Huishan 4.00 1.50 47.00 85 Dongting 1.54 0.95 24.26 80 waste landfill Anzhen 3.62 2.15 39.71 75 Loujiang 5.60 80 4.20 60 72.00 80 Fuxing 4.80 3.60 107.00 80 landfill Wuzhong 2.50 1.50 47.00 85 (5) Accident discharge source strength analysis If equipments of a waste water treatment plant doesn't work normally, or its treatment efficiency is lowered when the process parameters are changed, part or all of wastewater would be discharged directly without being treated. In such cases, the concentration of pollutants discharged will be raised up to that of influent, and it will directly pollute and affectfunction of receiving water body. 35 Section 4 Comparison of Alternatives The following comparison of alternatives for components of the Project have been carried out during process of the Project. The main contents about the comparison of alternatives are shown in Table 4-1. For details, see section 4.1-4.5. Table 4-1 Comparison of alternatives for components of TBUEP No Component Content Due to change of administrative areas in Suzhou, original district areas extent to I Argumentation for scale of the new urban district, so the overall drainage plan has been changed WWTPs component ofSuzhou correspondingly. The existing capacity ofsewerage network has been analyzed and treatment capacity of Loujiang and Fuxing WWTP has been demonstrated. Argumentation for location of For protecting Caiyun Bridge and Hengtang Post, the location of sluice gates at 2 polluted water control gates of Xujiang River has been redesigned and moved 100 m by calculation. Suzhou (Xujiang River) Argumentation for location of For protecting Hanshan Temple, the location ofsluice gates at Shangtang River 3 polluted water control gates of has been compared and sizes ofthe gates have been revised coordination with Suzhou (Shangtang River) architectural style ofSuzhou. Comparison for disposal of Sediment dredging, dewatering and transportation have been analyzed and 4 dredged sediment and spoil of compared according to sediment composition. Finally, Sanjiaozui sediment Suzhou component disposal site and a temporary spoil disposal site for Xujiang Hub was chosen out of 5 alternatives. for site of Wuzhong Comparison for sewerage network, site and effluent outlet of Wuzhong WWTP 5 WCWmTaPris have been carried out. The site of it has been decided to move from west ofthe Grand canal to the east. 6 Comparison for design schemes of Several design schemes have been promoted. Wuli Lake's embankment The site ofHuishan WWTP has been compared from aspects of land acquisition, 7 Comparison for site and effluent protected objects, investment ofsewerage network and resettlements. The outlet of Huishan WWTP rationality for location ofeffluent outlet have been demonstrated according to impact of effluent to receiving water body. The site ofAnzhen WWTP has been compared from aspects of land acquisition, 8 Comparison for site and effluent investment of sewerage network, resettlements, traffic, odor and noise impact to outlet ofAnzhen WWTP surrounding protected objects. The rationality for location ofeffluent outlet have been demonstrated according to impact of effluent to receiving water body. Comparison for treatment process SBR process has been chosen out of3 processes (A2/0, Oxidation ditch and SBR) 9 of the 6 WWTPs from aspects ofefficiency, operation, propetries of sludge, equipments, resisting shock load, energy consumption, land acquisition and cost. Landfill method have been recommended out of6 methods (sludge incineration, 10 Comparison for sludge disposal ofwet oxidization, anaerobic digestion, natural desiccation, fertilizer and sanitary the 6WWTPs landfill) through analogical investigation ofwastewater composition and heavy metals content of sludge. The objective of this project is to develop policy and investment initiatives that will provide a sustainable environment for the long-term development of the Lake Tai Basin. Over the past 20 years, with the rapid development of agriculture and industiy and the growing urbanization rate in the lake Tai basin, the water quality of the lake and rivers has been severely polluted and becomes increasingly worse. Lake Tai, and its basin, has been listed as one of the priorities in China's environmental protection program. Rapid urbanization and industrialization in China have produced severe environmental pressures on rivers and lakes, which are the main sources of water supply for urban and rural areas. In the mid-1990s it became apparent that several major lakes and rivers were stressed beyond their absorptive capacity. The Chinese government realized the urgent need for actions to restore their beneficial uses and protect the health and well being of the communities relying on them for their water supplies. Priority was given to implementing action plans for three highly polluted rivers and three lakes. The three highly polluted rivers, i.e. River Liao in Northeast China, River Hai in North China, and River Huai in Central part of China, were mainly suffered from the severe organic pollution. In order to improve the water quality in these three river and three lakes, Chinese government has decided to invest 123.4 billion RMB in the tenth-five year period (2001-2005) to implement a series of pollution control projects, including construction of WWTPs, agricultural pollution control, sediment dredging and water diversion project, in three rivers and three lakes catchments. 36 Lake Tai is one of the biggest fresh-water lakes in China and the Basin is located in the southern part of the Delta of the Yangtze River in China. At present the lake is dominantly in the eutrophic state, compared to the meso-trophic state twenty years ago. In April 1996, the State Council in China convened the first Lake Tai Basin Environmental Protection Inspection Meeting and agreed to establish the Lake Tai Basin Water Resource Protection Leading Group. A two-stage program was designed, with the goal of resolving the lake's pollution problems by 2010. The first stage of the Government's pollution control problem in the Tai Basin (1996-2000) has been to focus on controlling industrial pollution sources, as well as collecting and treating domestic sewage in WWTPs. Since 1996, some progresses in controlling pollution have been made by the local governments in Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province. According to governmental document (SEPA), the main industrial polluting sources (totally 1035) were brought into compliance with their effluent discharge standards (CODCr) by I Jan. of 1999. All hotels within 5 km of the shores of Lake Tai had installed treatment facilities in order to meet discharged standards. After 1999, the production, sale and use of phosphorous containing detergents (including household use) have been banned. After pollution control implementation in first stage (1996-2000), generally the deterioration trend of water quality in Lake Tai control was stopped in 2000. However, the water quality was still not obviously improved in the whole lake. Thus far, progress in implementing the 2-stage program has advanced slowly and is well behind in achieving the pollution control targets that were set. Therefore, the Chinese Government has decided that it is now an appropriate time to review the strategy that it developed and the progress that has been made in order to move forward in the most cost effective and timely manner. In Sept. 2001, the State Council approved the 10th Five-Year Action Plan of Lake Tai Pollution Control. It is decided to implement the comprehensive measures in the 10th five-year (2001-2005) in Lake Tai Basin. The action plan in the tenth five years mainly includes three parts as following: (1) Pollution source control measures It is planned to construct 92 WWTPs with a total wastewater capacity of 3.291 *106 m3/day in the period of 2001-2005, of which 76 WWTP are located in the Jiangsu Province, 14 WWTP in the Zhejiang province, and 2 WWTP in Shanghai municipality. In order to remove the nutrient (Phosphorous and Nitrogen) efficiently, the WWTP will mainly use the two-stage biological method or AA/O (anaerobic-anoxic-oxic) method. Additionally, it is also planned to construct 13 municipal garbage and hazardous waste disposal sites in the Tai Lake Basin. For industrial pollution sources, it is mainly focused on the reduction of phosphorous load and ammonia load. It is planned to choose 87 heavily polluted industrial companies (big phosphorous or ammonia contributors) to construct the new treatment facilities for phosphorous or ammonia removing. (2) Hydro and Ecological Projects Hydro Projects: It is planned by TBA to divert 2.5 billion m3 water with good quality from the Yangtze River into the basin through Wangyu Canal in the normal rainfall year, and about 1.0 billion m3 water will finally enters into Lake Tai for water quality improvement from 2002. Also the Wangyu Canal traverses the Grand Canal (the polluted river) by siphon, which guarantees the water diversion is not affected by the polluted water in Grand Canal. However, some polluted water in the Wuxi area is still possible to enterinto Wangyu Canal through other west tributaries at present. Also the preliminary analysis indicated the importance of controlling and regulating polluted water intrusion from west tributaries into Wangyu River. through structural (gates) and non-structural measures for: a) assuring adequate and good quality water for Suzhou through Xitanghe Transfer and for Wuxi water supply at Gong Lake; b) reducing the pumping costs for water transfer at Changshu Control Scheme; and c) protecting against flooding of low-lying areas west of Wangyu Canal. Tai Basin Authority (TBA) is working closely with the jurisdictions concerned to identify the critical gates through further monitoring and studies, and hopes to implement at least a core west-bank control program on the most polluted rivers and streams at an earliest possible date. Also a pump station in the Meiliang Lake (one sub-lake of lake Tai) is under construction and it is planned to pump water from the Meiliang Lake to Wuli Lake and the river network. This measure can improve the water quality in Meiliang Lake, Wuli Lake and river network in Wuxi city. Ecological restoration: Construct an ecological buffer zone around Lake Tai (Greet belt), which includes a forest zone, and a zone of up-merged and submerged water-plant in the period of 2001-2005. 37 Sediments dredging: Dredging of contaminated sediment in Lake Tai, particularly in the Wuli Lake and Meiliang Lake (both are the most polluted areas in Lake Tai). Sediment dredging project also includes some river mouths around Lake Tai, mainly the polluted inflow-rivers. The nutrients in the sediment might become a big potential internal load under certain conditions, particularly after the obvious external load reduction. (3) Supervision and Management a. Non-point source pollution control Firstly, the fish farming area by net is forbidden in Lake Tai in the 10th five-year period (2001-2005), excluding the East Tai-Lake. Only in the East Tai Lake, it is allowed to keep 1000 ha of lake surface for net fish farming (including crab farming), which means a big decrease of net fish farming area from the present scale in tenth-five year period. It will construct the treatment facility for the large scale of livestock farm (more than 200 pigs, 40 milks-cows and 80 beef-cows). The manure of livestock will reuse in the agricultural land (Eco-agriculture), instead of discharging directly into the river. It will encourage the farmer to use more organic fertilizer and reduce the dosage of chemical pesticide and fertilizer dosage in the agricultural land. b. Drinking water source protection Measures of drinking water sources protection include definition of the drinking water source protection zone strictly, establishment of the corresponding rules for management, and strengthen the supervision and management, formulation of feasible plan for the drinking water source protection and the emergent plan for inlet water quality protection, and also necessary biological and physicochemical denitrification and algae removal measurements should be carried out the ensure to inlet water quality. The tail water from potable water treatment plant should be treated by oxidation pond, which is renovated from the influents, before discharged into the lake. c. Reduce the pollution from the ship and tourism In the 10th five-year Plan (2001-2005), the ship in Lake Tai should be installed the waste oil collection plate. The cement-concrete ship will be forbidden to enter into Lake Tai and canal system in the basin. The solid and waste collection facility should install in the ship. It is forbidden to construct more tourism hotels and restaurants in the first protected zone area around Lake Tai in the tenth-five year period. The present hotels should install the wastewater treatment facility and meet Chinese effluent standard. The ban of phosphorus detergent will continue in the 10th five-year period, particularly in the first and second protection zone of Tai Lake. d. Enviromnent monitor and management construction On-line monitoring facilities should be installed as soon as possible in the 1035 main industries in Tai Lake basin, and strict supervision should be realized. The auto-monitoring stations for water quality will be constructed in Lake Tai. The Government's objectives for the proposed Tai Basin Urban Environment Project are to improve the quality of the urban environment in key municipalities in the Tai Basin as well as to assist efforts to improve water quality in Lake Tai and associated canal and stream networks, all in order to facilitate sustainable urban economic growth and social development in the region. These objectives will be achieved through a program integrating wastewater treatment and water resource protection measures as well as through water transfers and measures to strengthen coordination in planning and management of the wastewater sector in the area. The proposed Wuxi components mainly deal with the most-heavily polluted perimeter lake - Wuli Lake and the domestic and industrial wastewater in the newly merged districts - Huishan and Xishan District. A brief description of the proposed components is as below: Wuli Lake Rehabilitation: Based on the works completed or under construction including fishery pond recovery and sediment dredging, 10 gates and I ship lock around Wuli Lake are proposed to block 38 wastewater entering into the lake, regulate the water level in Wuli Lake and selectively flush the rivers connecting Wuli Lake and the urban area. A total of 19.4 km lake bank is proposed for rehabilitation to meet standards required by the Urban Master Plan. The proposed ecological package will serve to restore the ecological system of Wuli Lake. Huishan WWTP and Collection System: A 50000 m3/d WWTP and the associated collection system (57.6 km sewers) is proposed to deal with the existing and incremental wastewater in Yanqiao, Changan and Xizhang towns and Huishan Industrial Park. Dongting WWTP and Collection System: Dongting WWTP has an existing capacity of 20000 m3/d. An expansion of 30000 m3/d for Dongting WWTP and associated collection system (39.8 km2) is proposed to treat wastewater in Donting, Chaqiao and Bashi town and Xishan and Chaqiao Industrial Park. Anzhen WWTP and Collection Systems: Through alternative comparisons, a WWTP at Houqiao and the associated collection systems (198 km sewers) is proposed to cover the above seven towns and industrial parks in this area. The proposed Suzhou components mainly improve the water environment in the central urban districts, and treat the wastewater in the central urban area and Wuzhong Industrial Park. Polluted Water Control on Xujiang and Shangtang Rivers: 2 sluice gates and I ship lock on the branch of Xujiang river and I sluice gate and I ship lock on the branch of Shangtanghe river are proposed to serve to prevent the intrusion of polluted water from the Grand Canal into Suzhou's central canal system and to prevent the loss of clean water diverted through Xitanghe from the WangYu River. This scheme is also part of the overall flood protection plan for Suzhou City. Sediment Dredging for River Network in Central District: A total length of 65.7 km river and canal in the Suzhou urban area will be dredged to eliminate the contaminated sediment. Fuxin and Loujiang WWTPs: Fuxin and Loujiang WWTPs would serve the central urban area and some neighboring areas. Fuxin WWTP is commissioning its first phase of 80000 m3/d and the first phase of Loujiang WWTP with a capacity of 60000 m3/d is under construction. However, the first phase of these two WWTPs did not consider P and N removal. The proposed expansions of Fuxin and Loujiang WWTPs would be 100000 m3/d and 50000 m3/d respectively and addition of P & N removal for the first phase. Wuzhong WWTP and Collection System: A WWTP with 25000 m3/d is proposed to serve Wuzhong Economic Development Zone. Wastewater collection system (39.6 km sewers) for the whole development zone is also proposed. 4.1 Site Alternative Comparison for Polluted Water Control Projects 4.1.1 Site Alternative Comparison for Xujiang Hub Xujiang River is a planned Grade VI navigation channel, and two alternatives have been proposed for the site of Xujiang Hub project. This project is located at the boundary of the central urban district of Suzhou and its new district, and the intersection of Grand Canal with Xujiang River. As Xujiang River is divided into two branches, the north and south branches, at its intersection with Grand Canal, therefore the gate site for Xujiang Hub has been designed in two forms of separate gates (site I) and combined gate (site II) for comparison. The location and plan layout of the hub buildings on both proposed sites are shown in Figs 4-1 and 4-2. Alternative 1: separate gates (site 1) Owing to historical relics Caiyun Bridge and Hengtang Post needed to be protected at south branch and demands of navigation and net width, the sluice gate and reversed pumping station should be arranged on south branch. The ship lock will be arranged on the north branch of Xujiang River, with a lock chamber sized as 12x60m (widthxeffective length). In order not to affect the river flow, a sluice gate with a net width of 15m will be arranged on the south of the ship lock. A sluice gate will be arranged on the south branch of Xujiang River, sized as 3xlOm (duct number xduct width); to the north of the sluice gate, the location for a flood pumping station will be reserved for the need of the city flood prevention project. Because there are historic relics such as Caiyun Bridge and the ancient station of Hengtang that require protection on the south branch, and in consideration of the navigation and net width restriction and 39 requirement for the Grade VI navigation channel of Xujiang River, it is not appropriate to arrange a ship lock on the south branch, therefore the sluice gate and the reserved pumping station is arranged here. Alternative II: combined gate (site II) A combined complex of sluice gate, ship lock and pumping station (reserved) will be built at about 600m to the east bank of Grand canal on the trunk stream of Xujiang River, the sizes of the ship lock and pumping station will be the same as the separate alternative; the sluice gate will be sized as 3xlOm taking into consideration the demand for flood drain in the river. The ship lock and sluice gate are separated by a hollow box wall of 4.7-30m wide between them. The pumping station, sluice gate and ship lock are arranged in parallel, with a width of about 76m perpendicular to the flow direction. Detailed comparisons of these two alternatives for Xujiang Hub are given in Table 4.1-1 .The comparison results in Table 4.1 -1 show: (1) The geological conditions at the gate site in alternative I are good, with low permeation coefficient, which is good for the stability of buildings. It is close to the Grand Canal, therefore has good polluted water control and flood prevention effect, reducing the length of the flood prevention wall upstream. Separation of pumping station and ship lock is good to navigation safety. However, the site is located only 180m to the historic relics of the ancient station of Hengtang and Caiyun Bridge, and the separation of pumping station and ship lock is not good to management and dispatching. (2) In Alternative II with combined sluice gate, ship lock and the reserved pumping station, the building layout is compact, convenient to management and dispatching, the site is far away from the historic relics protected objects of the Hengtang ancient post and Caiyun Bridge, and it requires less total investment. However, as the pumping station and the ship lock are located together, it is not good to navigation safety, and the flood prevention effect will not be as good as with Alternative I, while the length of flood prevention wall should be increased. (3) InAlternative I, the project is close to the protection units of the ancient station of Hengtang and Caiyun Bridge, with the main effect from the flying dust during construction period and the hydraulic scouring during operation period. However, the influence during the construction period will only be temporary, and will disappear after completion of construction. Damage to relics can be reduced with enhanced environment protection measures during the construction. During the operation period, water discharged from the sluice gate will scour on the ancient station and cause damage. Therefore, how to eliminate the scouring impact from the water discharged to the protection unit will be a key issue in Alternative I. (4) The design condition for the sluice gate is based on a return period of 200 years, and the design water level combination is that with 5.20m in Grand Canal and 2.95m in inner-river, the opening of sluice gate will not affect the ancient station of Hengtang and Caiyun Bridge. When the sluice gate is opened with the design water level combination of 2.89m in Grand Canal and 3.30m in the Neicheng River, scouring will be imposed on the downstream ancient station of Hengtang and Caiyun Bridge. The sluice gate shall be located no less than lOOm from the protection unit, and revetment shall be built on both sides to prevent scouring. In the previous design, the sluice gate was only 90m from the protection unit, now the gate has been moved to 180 m away from protected objects. This can lessen the scouring, but the potential impact should not be neglected. (5) Considering the geological conditions at the gate site and the overall situation of navigation safety and flood prevention in the future, Alternative I is better than Alternative II, provided that attention must be paid to the impact to the environment protection units, and effective measures must be taken to avoid the impact to these units. If scouring impact to protected objects is settled well in component design, the Alternative I should be adopted according to the comprehensive point of view on environment and cost,. 40 X~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~ -I- A\ - ,, J<-t-Q,S~~~hiplock C 7- A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ a Slic Slucetat a [r X \ 9 I g- Xujiang River .> - l-r~I~--= r. w '-, j=<~~' __ /~~~~ i_ -. E -. -- O31-9-5 f El- I ' - XujiangRivergRiver 50m 0 2 hubr l r Fgr41 LaotCatfrStIofXujiang .- //>9 t -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i Figure 4-1 Layout Chartf 2 ' -4 I W.~~~~~~~ .-".. I; F-,~~~T Fm1>StAS 't;> P t A Rive .Xujiang Lii Pumping 8=-Station l-- ' f tt- Ar--,-- i XujiangRiver 4 .Vr S SL S ;A ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~20 03 -:4 9 -Te- Figure 4-2 Layout Chartfor Site II of Xujianghub Table 4.1-1 Comparison of gate site alternatives for Xujiang Hub Itern--Altemative Alternative I Alternative II Item Site I (separate) Site II (combined) Location OntOn the trunk stream at 600m to the east bank of Location O>n the north and south branches of Xujiang River Beijing-Hanzhou Grand Canal The foundations ofmain buildings are seated on the The foundation load bearing layer for main cinerous silt clay layer, which has a ground bearing buildings is the same as for Site I, and natural Geological capacity standard value of 120kPa, therefore natural ground foundation can be used. Compared with conditions ground foundation can be used. Compared with Site Site I, the foundation is only 2.3m from the silt In,it is far from the silt sand layer with high sand layer with high permeation, therefore it is permeation, therefore favorable to the permeation not favorable to the permeation stability of stability of buildings. buildings. It is far from the upstream Grand Canal, Effect of stopping It is close to the adjacent upstream ofGrand Canal, therefore the effect ofpolluted water control is polluted water from therefore good effect of polluted water control can not quite good and the upstram flood tbethe expected, and the flood prevention wall length Grandcanai ~~~~~~~~~~prevention wall length should be increased by upstream can be greatly reduced. 2270m as compared with Site 1. Impact on historical The Hengtang Post and Caiyun Bridge are 180m to It is far from the ancient station ofHengtang and relics near the the sluice gate on the south branch, and the scenery Caiyun Bridge, therefore with little impact to project may be affected during construction. scenery. The ship lock and pumping station are respectively The ship lock and the reserved pumping station Impact on located on the north and south branches. This Thesh i nd ther vd pumpn ation navigation safety avoids impact of pumping station operation to wil be.combinetoh navigation safety, and is favorable to navigation Land acquisition, be rquid . . As the building will be wider than the Xujiang excavation and ll River trunk stream, higher cost will be required relocation cost for land acquisition, excavation and relocation. Separated ship lock and sluice gate on branches will The construction site is small, and secondary Construction be good to flow diversion during construction, and flow diversion is necessary for construction, conSditio°ns the flow and navigation will not be stopped during therefore navigation is difficult during conditions construction. The disadvantage is increased construction. The workload for cofferdam is workload for the cofferdam. large and cost for temporary works is high. 4.1.2 Comparison of Site Alternatives of Shangtang Ship Lock Shangtang River is a planned non-classified navigation channel, and two alternatives have been proposed for the site of Shangtang ship lock. Shangtang ship lock component is located close to the famous scenic resort Hanshan Temple. The layout must avoid affecting the scenery of Hanshan Temple as far as possible, and achieve coordination with the surroundings of small bridges and flowing waters. For Shangtang ship lock, Site I and Site II are compared, and the plan layout for the buildings on both sites is respectively shown in Figure 4-3. Alternative I: Site I The ship lock will be located between Laifeng Bridge and Jiangfeng Bridge, about 45 m away from Jiangfeng Bridge, and the lock chamber is sized as 30x40 m (widthxeffective length). Alternative II: Site II The project component includes the ship lock and sluice gate. The Shangtang River, flowing from west to east, is divided into the south and north branches at its intersection with and Canal. According to the topographic features at the gate site, the ship lock is arranged at the estuary of south branch, with a chamber sized as 12x80 m (WXL); the sluice gate is arranged at the estuary of north branch, sized as 2x 12 m (duct numberxduct width) Comparison of the two alternatives of Site I and Site II for Shangtang River is detailed in Table 4.1-2. 41 Table 4.1-2 Comparison of sites for Sbangtang River sbip lock Alternative Site I site n litm Location Betwen Laifg Bridge and Jiangfang Bridge Rnver at iuoh fnsouwith GcsfSCanga Buildi - and ic Ship lock-chamnber sized 30x40m Ship lck chamber size 12x$Om (widthxelTective length), with lesm work (widhhxeffective length); and sluicc gate quantity quantity than that of Site IL sized as 2x 12m. Ship lock is farter away fiotnB s l to Effect of stoppingpolluted Beijang-Hanhou Grand Canal than that with Bhe ship wbih and flood eveation acnd water firm the CGandcanal Site H,proidig less effet in flood pwevenfio potbe war conod efloncL and polluted water contoL The ship lock is 230m fieni the stheast The ship lock on south branch is quite close Impact to histoic reLcs boundwy ofHanshan Temple scemc zo,ne to Hanshan Templ sceic zamr, and sill near the project farer than thatofSite ULwith no impact to affct theoverall scenay ofdth aient the scenery ofHanshan Temple. building complex of Hashan Taeple. hnpact to navigation Strat navigation chanel, favorable to Curved navigation channel, with adv:s navigation. effit on navigation Prqjectman'gcment A single project complex, making rnnge-nl Swated ship lock and sluce galewill cmvemient. Proica -- vm&-nt makre tprpect Aw 6Wqant fo1 / Constnrtion oa-litinns Fairly good consrcon conditions. Lag wy k qu f The main finctions of Shanglang ship lock are polluted water control, flood prevention and navigation. Considering the important position ofHanshan Temple in the scenic and touist spots in the ancient city of Suzhou, the location of the project component shall take into account the protection of ancient buildings and relics and the function to improve the water environment of the city and beautify the city The layout for Site I has made full use of the topographic feature of Shangtang River, and the photo for Site I is as shown m Figure 4-4 The stone pagoda 'mthe background of the photo is Hanshan Temple. It shows that the impact to the Hanshan Temple will be small as long distance. Therefore, Site I is superior to Site 11 in terms of retainig the history style of Hanshan Temple scenic zone, touring on water and navigation and the convenience in project implementation. It is known from Table 4.1.2 that Site I is better than Site 11 when considermg the mipact to nearby Hanshan Temple and the navigation safety, construction conditons, project management and reducing the work quantity Therefore, from the overall point of view of environment and cost, Altemative 1is recommended. Figure - Location of Shangtang river shiplock 4.2 Alternatives for Disposal of Spoil and Sediment in Rehabilitation Components and TheirAnalysis 4.2.1 Analysis of Spoil and Sediment (2) Principles for disposal ofspoil and sediment For spoil and sediment with different compositions, the disposal method will be different, and the,following principles shall be applied: * Building emba.nkent and backfilling 42 ,~ . (Pompared) - '; Shang tang River \ \X;--*t£<.z-@3 SiteII w @ # ",PI J~~~~L ~~Shang tang River -- ~~Hansha \ 1 ~~-?~~~~ temple- 0~~~~~~ / 1O - 0 _ (Cproposed) Sitell -~~IrOPompared) ~~~~~' ~~~~~~~0 50 loomn Figure 4-3 Comparison of alternatives for Shiplock Sites of Shangtang hub The spoil and sediment can be used to build embankments when the heavy metal content in it does not exceed the standards, and its physical property is suitable for such purpose. If organic content of spoil and sediment is high, it can be used as organic fertilizer and will benefit to plants. * For agricultural use and plantation Sediment with heavy metal not exceeding standard and containing no toxic or harmful substance can be used as agricultural manure or manure for plantation, and the organic matters in it are favorable to the plant growth. * Piling nearby The spoil and sediment can be piled nearby in natural condition on barrel land or discarded fishponds. * Sanitary landfill Sediment exceeding standard will be disposed in sanitary landfill site. To prevent secondary pollution by the sediment to the groundwater and the surrounding environment, a typical double layer lining will be used in the landfill site to prevent outflow of leachate. (2) Analysis of composition of spoil and sediment The excavation amount of the Project will be 1,549,000 m3 and amount of spoil and sediment will be 1,370,000 m3, as shown in Table 4.2-1. Table 4.2-1 Spoil and sediment amount of rehabilitation components Unit: 1,000 m3 Component Excavation Spoil Sediment Disposal amount amount amount Wuli Lake Water level control 82 13 / Xuelang soil disposal site or backfilling in rehabilitation rehabilitation 101 54 / embankment. River River dredging 1287 1287 Fill into the discarded fish pond at Sanjiaozui for ddredgingdplantation Shangtang River 7 1.4 Fill into the discarded fish pond at Sanjiaozui for Polluted polluted water control plantation water control Xujiang River polluted 72 14.4 , Tentatively piled at the idle land at intersection of water control Xihuan Road and Shuangqiao Road for selling. Total 1549 82.8 1287 Total amount of spoil and sediment 1,370,000 m' The composition of spoil and sediment is the main factor to determine disposal methods. Composition analysis and disposal methods are shown as follow: a. The spoil form Suzhou Polluted Water Control component will be 15,800 m . Spoil composition is as 3 show in Table 5.6-1 and heavy metal contents do not exceed Class III standard in"Environmental Quality Standard for Soils GB15618-1995)". It can be used as building embankment and backfilling and 5 alternatives are promoted: Alt. I: spoil from Xujiang River gate will be piled in the abandoned brewery; Alt. II: spoil from Xujiang River gate will be piled in the idle land at the intersection of Xihuan Road and Shuangqiao Road; Alt. III: spoil from Shangtang gate will be piled in Anli Chemical Co., Ltd. that is ready for relocation; Alt. IV: spoil from Shangtang gate will be piled in the relocated Huasheng Paper Mill; Alt. V: spoil from Shangtang gate will be piled in Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site by Shiziyang River. b. The excavation amount and spoil for Wuli Lake Rehabilitation acomponent will be 183,000 m3 and 67,000 m3. The composition of spoil is shown in Table 5.6-1 and heavy metal contents do not exceed Class III standard in"Environmental Quality Standard for Soils GB15618-1995)". Therefore, it can be used as backfilling material and will be disposed at the barrel land and discarded fishpond at Xuelang Village to the southeast ofWuli Lake according to Feasibility Study report. 43 c. Sediment monitoring results of Suzhou River Network Dredging component are shown in Table 5.6-3 and 5.6-4 and heavy metal contents do not exceed the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP (GB 18918-2002)" except pb of a sample at Xiaomiduqiao River. Leaching test shows that heavy metal contents do not exceed Standard Values of Extraction Procedure Toxicity described in "Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Procedure Toxicity (GB 5085.3-1996)", so the sediment is not hazardous matter. Due to Pb at Xiaomiduqiao River exceeds the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP (GB18918-2002)". Dredged amount is only 31,500 m3 and accounts for 2.4% of total. Under the current technical levels and capability, as well as the lack of hazardous waste treatment and disposal facility in Suzhou, the hazardous sediment had better not be disturbed which would have less environmental impacts than dredging which would cause technical difficulties in retaining the heavy metals from releasing to the river during dredging and final sediment disposal. When Suzhou builds its hazardous waste disposal center in 2006 as currently scheduled, dredging of hazardous sediment may be re-considered then. The total amount of sediment of Suzhou River Network Dredging component is 1,287,000 m3 and will be disposed at Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site by Shiziyang River except that exceeding standard. 4.2.2 Analysis of Dredging Method and Transportfor Sediment (1)Analysis of dredging method The dredging rivers in Suzhou are narrow. There is no sufficient space for cutter suction dredger. Furthermore, this type of dredger will heavily disturb the river, and its pipe would be easily blocked by rubbish that is in large amount in the river. Therefore, according to the features of the rivers and the pollutant to be dredged, a grab dredger of 0.3m3-0.5m 3 with 5t, lOt, 20t and 40t barges for transport will be used for the sediment dredging. (2) Analysis of dewatering method According to water content values of dredging sludge (see Table 5.6-3), most of them are between 40%/o-70% which needn't to be dewatered. It can be transported to Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site directly. There is only one value at Taying River up to 96%, and dredging amount of this river is 60,776 m3. The distance from Taying River connected with Shiziyang River to the site is the is only about 2.2 km from Sanjiaozui site, so sludge could be transported to sediment disposal site by 40 t barge and dewatered by natural air drying. (3) Analysis of transport methods The two transport methods, respectively by water and by land, are shown in Table 4.2-2. Table 4.2-2 Comparison of water and land transport Water transport Land transport Temporary road for transport not necessary Temporary road for transport should be built Low cost oftransport More pressure on city traffic No impact to city traffic Affecting the environment along the way Less impact to urban environment Increased difficulty in works and more loading and unloading Convenient in works and low pollution Dust and noise from transport will affect urban environment We can see from Table 4.2-2 that: (1) The city of Suzhou has the feature of small bridges, flowing waters with households between, and a dense river network. Barge transport will be more convenient for the dredging work. Land transport would be quite less economical as temporary roads have to be built. (2) The Neicheng and Waicheng River of Suzhou and Shangtang River have been designated for tourist purpose, and access of transport ship is strictly forbidden except Yuanhetang and Dalonggang. Therefore dredging in the canal network will only have limited impact to water transport. However, land transport would substantially affect the urban traffic. (3) Barges feature large amount of transport with convenience and low cost, and they will not affect the 44 atmospheric environment of the city. After comparison, water transport has been adopted for the works. Barges of 5, 10 and 20 tonnages will be provided for sediment transport and dredged by a grab dredger with 0.3-0.5 m3 . Secondary loading will be considered for barges of 5 and 10 tonnage and most barges of 20 tonnages. Sediment will be dredged with a 0.5 m3 grab dredger and loaded to the 60 tonnages barge and transported to the designated sediment disposal site, at a distance of 5-19 km. The barges will be berthed at the temporary jetty for the works close to the disposal site, and the sediment will be moved to the sediment disposal site along the bank with a 3 Im grab excavator and 5t-8t dumping trucks and leveled with bulldozer. The transportation distance is about 500 m. 4.2.3 Selection of Sediment Disposal Sites After site survey and investigation, we intend to select 6 disposal sites for spoil and sediment. They are: Sanjiaozui, brewery, Huasheng Paper Mill, Anli Chemical Co.. Ltd., Xuelang in Wuxi and temporary spoil disposal site for Xujiang hub. Their basic conditions are given in Table 4.2-3. Table 4.2-3 General conditions of the proposed sites No. Name Location Status quo of Sensitive object Area Bottom Depth No. Name Location ~~~~~~land use O (I1,000m ) elevation(m) 2 (in) Sanjiaozui Xinyu fishpond to the Abandoned / 537.2 1.5 3.0 east of Shiziyang river fish pond East of Caiyun Bridge Closed Caiyun Bridge and 2 Brewery onXjagRvr on Xujiang River beey ancient station of brewery Hengtang 5.6 Hanshan Temple 3 Anli Chemical Co., North of Shangtang Ready for Jiangfengzhou Park l5 Ltd. River relocation Yaojiabang Residential Zone 4 Huasheng Paper North toAnli Already Jiangfengzhou Park Mill Chemical Co., Ltd. relocated Wuxi Xuelang Abandoned Residential area of 5 sediment disposal Xuelang of Wuli Lake fish pond Xuelang Village 369 1.5-5.0 7.0 site and farmland Temporary spoil Intersection of Xihuan Residential area to 6 disposal site for Road and Shuangqiao Idle land the south 214 0.5 Xujiang Hub Road * The sediment disposal site for Wuli Lake rehabilitation will be located at Beixi Village of Xuelang to the southeast of Wuli Lake. There is a residential zone of Xuelang Village 500 m to the northeast of the site. It has an area of 554 mu, with the ground elevation of 1.5-5.0 m. The design piling elevation will be 7.0 m, the fence will be 8.0m, with a top width of 23 m and side slopes of 1:3 and 1:2.5. The sediment disposal site has a total capacity of 2.48 million m , and 357,000 m of soil will be used for cofferdam building. In 3 3 the middle of the sediment disposal site, transversal grids will be provided to expedite the settling of sediment. Each sediment disposal site will have 2 water drain ports with a net width of 2.0 m. Open overflow weir will be used for control. * The sediment disposal site for river dredging in Suzhou is the Xinyu fishpond to the north of to the east of Shiziyang River (Sanjiaozui fishpond shown in Figure 4-5 and 4-6). It is aboutl.7 km from SE to NW along Shiziyang River, with a width of about 310 m. There is no sensitive spot or residential zone nearby. The dredging amount will be 1,287,000 m3. A total of 3 sediment disposal units will be arranged, approximately with length of 470 m, 630 m and 600 m and capacity of 359,700 M3 , 474,900 miTfl 3 452,000 m3 for each. The fishpond bottom elevation is about 1.5m and the top elevation ofspoil piles will be 4.5 m which as same as the ground elevation, so it is unnecessary to build retaining dike around sediment disposal units. The sediment disposal site covers about 524,400 2 i (786.6 mu) , and The existing ponds can basically meet the piling demand. 45 I ~~~~~~E. U~~~~~~~~~~. ml Figure 45 Photo of Sanjiaozui sediost disposa site * Alternative [of sediment disposal site for Xujiang Hub of Suzhou is at the intersection of Xujiang River and Grand Canal, close tothe former brewery on the south bank ofXujiang River. It isabout 70(n from east to west, and about 80m wide, with a total area of5600m2. The fence around it is 2m high This brewery has been closed according to the control program on major polluting enterprises in the Tenth Five-year Plan of Suzhou, and only some empty factory buildings are left At about 50-60m from its east andwest boundary are residential zones. Xujiang River is to the nowth of its fence. In the Central Island, there are the ancient station of Hentang and Caiyun Bridge, built in 1874 during the Qing Dynasty. Both of them are historical relics protection units. The total amount of sediment from Xujiang River Polluted water control to be disposed ofis 14400.4 m3, and covers about 5760.2 m2. It can't meet the demand ofland acquisition. * Alternative 11 of sediment disposal site for Xujiang Hub of Suzhou is the idle land at the intersection of Xihuan Road and Shuangqiao Road, which is close to the work site. This piece of land is now surom ded by walls, its north and east sides close to roads, and its south is a residential zone. The area for sediment disposal is 21400 in , for a piling height of 2.5m. It can contain 14400.4 rn3 of sediment This spoil will be 2 sold to organizations requiring soil in the future. * Altemative m for spoil from Shangtang ship lock in Suzhou is in Anli Chemical Co., Ltd, at the boundary of north bank of Shangtnng River and the east bank of the canal, close to Hanshan Temple, a famous touring resort by Shangtang River. It is about 100 m from east to west, and about 15Om wide, with a total area of 15,000 m2. The fence around it is 2.5m high. This enterprise should be relocated to the development zone, but is still in production now. To the north of the factory is a residential zone, and its south is Jiangfeng Park (a scenic spot of Hanshan Temple), a historic relic protection unit of Jiangsu Province. The total amount of spoiled soil from Shangtang River wastewater conrol gate to be disposed of is 1409 m, and this sediment disposal site is sufficient for the purpose. * Altemative IV for spoiled soil from Shangtang ship lock in Suzhou is Huasheng Paper Mill, which is located to the south of Fengqiao Road of Hanshan Temple and to the east of Grand Canal. Now Hanshe in the Fengqiao scenic spot is under construction. It can be used for comparison for the sediment disposal site for Shangtsang River hub. * Alternative V for spoil from Shangtang ship lock in Suzhmli is the abandoned fishpond at Sanjiaozui (near the sediment disposal site of river dredging). The area of this sediment disposal site is 12,800 rn2, with a piling height of 4.5m. It can contain a total amount of spoil of 1409 m . This part of spoiled soil will be 3 used for plantation at Sanjiaozui. 4.2.4 Analysis ofAlternatives for Sediment Disposal Sites The status quo of land use and sensitive targets were used as the assessment factors, and the sites were compared for advantages and disadvantages with the scormg method from the envionment protection point of view. The results are shown in Table 4.2-4. 46 .... jFiaoure46TeLctonoiajaz * E£luetdisdare ___ edimantdisPosa site ,Q.01e 4 ^ , Table 4.24 Comparison of proposed sediment disposal sites ~Site AlChmclHahn WuiXeng Temporary spoil Judging 4fwt, Sanjiaozui Brewery disposal site for Judgin factrewer SanjaozuiCo., Ltd. Paper Mill sediment disposal site AnliChemial Huaheng uxi XelangXujiang Hub Status quo of land use 2 3 3 2 2 3 Sensitive object 3 1 1 1 3 2 Total 5 4 4 3 5 5 Note: "3" represents highly suitable; "2" represents fairly suitable, and "1" represents not suitable. Results of analysis are as follows: (1)All the above 6 sites conform to the basic principles of fannland protection of PRC. a. Sanjiaozui disposal site covered up with soil after sediment piling will become greening land coordination with Overall Plan of Suzhou. b. The Wuxi Xuelang disposal site is abandoned fish pond or barren land and will become greening land coordination with Overall Plan of Wuxi. c. The brewery, Huasheng Paper Mill and Anli Chemical Co., Ltd. are either closed or relocated enterprises, not cultivated land. d. Temporary spoil disposal site for Xujiang Hub is bare place. The spoil of the site will be sold as rapid development of urban area and industrial park of Suzhou and a large amount of soil is needed for construction. (2) Whether sensitive targets will be affected by landfill is also one ofthe main factors for site selection. * Huasheng Paper Mill is quite close to Hanshan Temple and the scenic spot of Hanshe is now under construction, therefore it is not appropriate to make it a permanent sediment disposal site. * There are a number of environmental sensitive spots in the vicinity of the brewery and Anli Chemical Co., Ltd., and these places also have a gathering of historic relics, therefore it is not appropriate to make them permanent sediment disposal sites. *There is no sensitive target around the site of Sanjiaozui, and it can be used as a sediment disposal site. * There are few sensitive targets near the site at Xuelang, and it can be used as a sediment disposal site. * There are few sensitive targets near the site at Xujiang, and it can be used as a sediment disposal site. (3) Geologic situation Xulang sediment disposal site has 2.4-4.0 m clay and 2.1-3.4 m clayey and permeability coefficient is less than 10-6 cm/s. In addition, the area does not located in fault and fracture zone and foundation settlement will not happened. Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site has 3.6 m clay and clayey and permeability coefficient is less than 10- _10-8 and 10-5 cm/s respectively. In addition, the area does not located in fault and fracture zone and foundation settlement will not happened. (4) Flood protection demand Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site is located in Xiangcheng district of Suzhou. The flood protection standard is once per 100 years with 4.38 m and surface elevation of it is 4.5 m. Flood will do no impact to the site. Xulang sediment disposal site is located within flood protection circle of Wuxi with flood protection standard once per 200 years (5.36 m). Flood will do no impact to the site. Temporary spoil disposal site for Xujiang Hub is located within flood protection circle of Suzhou. Flood will do no impact to the site. According to analysis mentioned above, the 3 sites can meet relevant environmental protection standard for general solid wastes disposal site. 47 4.3 Process Analysis and Selection for WWTPs During the feasibility study phase, the design institute made comparison and analysis of three wastewater treatment processes that can meet the above-mentioned basic requirements. These three processes are: traditional activated sludge process (anaerobic/anoxic/ oxydic or A2/0), oxidation ditch process and sequential batch reactor process (SBR). They are briefly described as follows. 4.3.1 A2/Oprocess A2/O wastewater treatment process is a new technology developed in the later period of the 20th century, and was proposed on the basis of the anaerobic/oxie dephosphorus system and anoxic/ oxydic denitrogen system. It has combined the two systems, i.e., the wastewater undergoes the three biological treatment steps in anaerobic, anoxic and oxie conditions, to achieve the purpose of removing BOD, phosphorus and nitrogen at the same time. The process flowchart ofA2/O and the pollution producing points are shown in Figure 4-7. Screening noise Grit and odor Noise and odor Odor 1 1 Overpass pipc Influent Bar screen Fine grit A2/O Settling Contact v Effluent 7 influent pump ~ settling tank Ae.to tank t tank > ; house house ~~~~~~~~Aeration tanktaktn Mixed iliquid , 6-4igauxFi ; Chlorination i i ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Refluxed slude ! u r~~~~~------------------------------.-.-.--_--_----------._._._._- i Odor Odor Noise ;Domestic i wastewater Sludge thickening FEqualizing tank Dewatering Cake out in plant tank J t L ) machine room o ; i iSupern Removed I ; ; atant water The flowchart for A2/0 aeration tank is as follows: Mi1 ing Miling r Wastewater A b _ Anoxic zone }_- Aerobic } Settling tank) sEffluent Internal refluxL Fxternal reflux vResidual sludge Figure 4-7 Flowchart ofA2/0 process and pollution producing points 4.3.2 Oxidation Ditch Process The oxidation ditch technology has its special features in water flow status and aeration facility, with 48 simple flow and a small number of structures. Normally primary sedimentation tank and sludge digestion tank are not necessary, and in some cases secondary sedimentation tank and sludge reflux system can also be omitted. It provides good treatment effect, stable and reliable, and is a traditional wastewater treatment process. The process flowchart and pollution producing points are as shown in Figure 4-8. Screening Noise Grit Noise and odor Chlorination CO I -u~~~~~ A Noise t Grit Reflux pumpT Sludge 1 .4~~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~~well Noise Odor Noise Sludge out Sludge l [Thickening) Sludge 1 dewatering ) ttank )V pump J Figure 4-8 Flowchart of oxidation ditch process and pollution producing points 4.3.3 SBR process The mechanism of this process is the same as the ordinary activated sludge process, with the difference that the aeration and sedimentation is integrated in the same tank, without the secondary sedimentation tank and sludge reflux equipment. In this system, the reaction tank is filled with wastewater at regular intervals, and it operates on an intermittent mode. After treatment, the mixed liquid is allowed to settle for a period of time, and then the top clean water is drained from the tank. In recent years, the demand to remove phosphorus and nitrogen has been put forth with the accelerating eutrophication in water areas. This process enables the organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus to be removed in the same tank, without additional equipment to remove phosphorus and nitrogen, resulting in obvious saving in treatment cost. Furthermore, SBR process has extremely good superiority in suppressing expansion of activated sludge. The process flow and pollutant producing points are as shown in section 3.6.2 4.3.4 Comparison and selection The advantages, disadvantages and technical and economic comparison of the above three processes are shown in Table 4.3-1. It can be seen from the table that SBR is superior to the other two on a number of essential aspects. In addition, SBR has the following features that better suit the WWTPs in this project: * When plant flow may fluctuate significantly from the design, the level sensors that control cycle times can react to operate at different lower levels. Cycle times would be the same as the design, but power would not be wasted in over aeration. * A greater dissolved oxygen driving gradient during the first part of the reaction cycle can be achieved due to the low/zero DO concentration during anoxic cycle. This results in somewhat higher oxygen transfer efficiencies for a give size of aeration equipment. a An SBR tank can operate as an equalization tank during filling and can therefore tolerate peak flows and 49 shock loads of BOD without degradation of effluent quality. * A return activated sludge (RAS) pumping system is not needed since aeration and settling occur in the same tank. Sludge amount and sludge age are controlled by sludge wasting. * Periodical discharge of flow may enable effluent to be held until permit limitations are met. * Growth of filamentous organisms which cause sludge bulking can be controlled by adjustments in the food-to-mass ratio (F/M) and aeration time during the fill cycle. * SBR systems may require less physical space than the A/A/O or oxidation ditch system when considering the entire plane, SBR systems can be retrofitted into a wide range of existing tank structure. Taking into consideration of all factors, especially the following: operation adaptability, the ability to resist shock loads, general scope of application, less space requirement, and low cost in capital construction and operation, we have selected SBR as the basic process for the WWTPs. Table 4.3-1 Comparison of advantages, disadvantages and technical and economic aspects of three Processes Parameter A2/O Oxidation ditch SBR It has special features on water Can be in a single tank or several tanks. Optimized combination of flow status and aeration plant, Inflow of the whole system is AIAIO processes, to bring their with simple flow and a small continuous. This process can be used speiveO rprocessnumber ofstructures. It also has for treatment with different water Process features re the advantages ofstrong ability to amount. During initial operation stage, play, and to treat the municipal withstand shock loads, low it can function normally even with wastewater in an economical amount ofresidual sludge, good extremely small amount of inflow and effective way. sludge stability and less wastewater, and at low energy mechanical equipment. consumption. It has developed to increase the It has raised the removal rate of Use cyclic modes to control aerobic Nitrogen and removal rate of nutrient nitrogen typically by applying and anaerobic conditions for good phoshoruremvalsubstances, especially suitable delayed aeration and high sludge ntoe n hshrsrmvlwe phosphorus removal to low ratios of BODy/TN and age, but the phosphorus removal witrhgenffanid phsphrus removal when BOD,TP. is limited. Continuous inflow and Continuous inflow and outflow, Intermittent inflow and outflow, sludge outflow, independent independent sludge/wastewater separation occurs in the same tank of System operation sludge/wastewater separation separation system and sludge the aeration in sequence. No need for system and sludge reflux reflux system, in addition to independent sludge return system. system. selective oxidation ditch. At the steady state, same At the steady state, the aeration concentration in different time as Operating under non-steady state with Operation mode is completely mixed with the in completely mixed aeration but different concentrations at different same concentration at any different concentrations at places and ditferent tank in the aeration point ofthe tank different places at the same as in tank plug flow aeration Good settling property but Good settling property but large plants need anaerobic digestion or Good settling property and stable. other processes to stabilize the Generally no need for digestion. sludge udge digestion to stabilize the sludge Using air diffusion device, Using air diffusion device, with very with very high amnount of high aeration efficiency. But aeration wdhyverysply andmixing o Surface aeration equipment is needs conversion under all operation oxygensuppl ixing and used, with less equipment, modes to achieve cycling operation and Equipment efficiency, regular operation of featuring simple maintenance but maintain oxygen supply inthe tank. aeration tank under stable aeration, and stbl high energy consumption. condition, and low Requiring automatic control device for aeration. Low energy consumption. maintenance demand. Technology maturity Mature technology, meeting Mature technology, meeting the Mature technology, meeting the and operating the required effluent standard, required effluent standard, and required effluent standard, and being experience and being extensively used. being extensively used. extensively used. Operation mode Low Low High flexibility Ability of resisting Modest High High pollutant shock load Applicable scale Normally greater than Any size Normally less than 50,000m 3/d 50,000m3Id 50 Parameter A7/O Oxidation ditch SBR Energy consumption Modest High Low Land required Modest High Low Capital cost Modest High Low Operating cost Modest High Low 4.4 Analysis of Sludge Disposal Alternatives for WWTPs 4.4.1 Analysis of Sludge Composition (1) Analysis of sludge composition The amount of wastewater collected by various WWTPs and percentage of wastewater ofdifferent types in the total amount are as shown in Table 4.4-1. Table 4.4-1 Domestic and industrial wastewater amoun collected by WWTPs Unit: million m3/a WWTP Domestic wastewater Industrial wastewater Domestic: industrial Huishan 4.745 10.95 30.23:69.77 Dongting 6.57 17.885 26.86:73.14 Anzhen 2.555 7.3 25.93:74.07 Loujiang 27.01 25.185 51.75:48.25 Fuxing 21.90 18.62 54.07:45.93 Wuzhong 3.65 8.03 31.25:68.75 (2) Analysis of heavy metal content in sludge It is known from Table 4.4-1 that wastewater has different compositions at different WWTPs. The properties of sludge from WWTPs were analyzed on the basis of wastewater characteristics. Loujiang and Fuxing will mainly treat domestic wastewater, which accounts for over 50% of the total. For these components, the sludge properties were analyzed using the analogy method. For this purpose, City west WWTP of Suzhou with similar nature (located in the west area of Suzhou, with treatment capacity of 12,500 m3/d) was selected for analogue investigation. Reference was also made to the investigation data on sludge heavy metal content from 44 WWTPs in different cities of China. The results are given in Tables 4.4-2 and 4.4-3. Table 4.4-2 Sludge properties of City west WWTP in Suzhou Monitoring items Water content (%) Bacillus coli group (ind/g) Cu (mg/kg) Zn (mg/kg) Monitoring Results 79.1 1.3x107 200 340 GB18918-2002 (acid/neutral and alkaline) - - 800/1500 2000/3000 Table 4.4-3 Average value of heavy metal content in sludge of WWTPs of 44 Cities in China Unit: mg/kg Monitoring items Cd Hg Pb Cr As Cu Zn Ni Averagevalue(mg/kg) 3.03 5.11 164.09 261.15 44.52 338.98 789.82 87.8 GB18918-2002 (acid/neutral and 5/20 5/15 300/1000 600/1000 75r75 800/1500 2000/3000 100/200 alkaline) As Loujiang and Fuxing WWTPs will mainly collect domestic wastewater, it can be concluded that the heavy metal contents in the sludge produced by them will meet the standards for sludge for agricultural use. The other four plants, Dongting, Huishan, Anzhen and Wuzhong, will mainly collect industrial wastewater, which will account for over 60% of the total treatment amount. Monitoring was made on a WWTP in the development zone with similar nature, and the results are as detailed in Table 4.4-4. The content of various heavy metals does not exceed the standards according to the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP (GB18918-2002)". The Wuxi Municipal Government has formulated a detailed plan, requiring that all electric plating factories be located inside the scientific and technological industrial park for metal surface treatment in Wuxi, and the wastewater produced by them will be treated by the electric plating treatment center of the industrial park, therefore the heavy metal content of sludge from the WWTPs will not exceed the limits. 51 Table 4.44 Biochemical sludge monitoring result of existing WWTP Unit: mg/kg Monitoring items Cd Hg Pb Cr As Cu Zn Ni Monitoring Results 1.53 1.44 31.6 491 4.34 306 1920 35.6 GBi8918-2002 5/20 5/15 300/1000 600/1000 75/75 800/1500 2000/3000 100/200 4.4.2 Sludge disposal plan (1) Sludge disposal technology The sludge disposal technologies currently in use are shown in Table 4.4-5. Table 4.4-5 Conventional sludge disposal technologies of WWTP Method Advantage Disadvantage Stablizing heavy metals High cost for operation and management Incineration Killing bacteria and virus Serious environmental problem caused by flue gas Reducing sludge volume Residual slag still requiring disposal Sufficient decomposition of organic substance ligh investment and operation cost Wet oxidation Short treatment period high level of aticos t Producing less odor Requinng high level of anticorrosion protection Improving the sanitary conditions of sludge Anaerobic Proving mtheantar s ofesud Producing methane as energy-- Digested sludge still has high water content digestion Digested sludge is easy to thicken Requiring final disposal Poor control ofbacteria Serious odor Natural dryin Low energy consurnption energy cost 9Low Srosoo Large space required Natural operation cost Low drying Not suitable for large amount disposal Still requiring final disposal Regeneration ofresource by fertilizer Odor Simple and reliable management and operation Limited potential market for fertilizer products Making Recycling use offertilizer production ground I d d fertilizer Producing soil improving agent, mixed fertilizer and Large land space required other application products for land to agricultural crops Potential economic income Long-term and final disposal Odor Sanitary Good adaptability to volume variation Pollution control required for bleeding and surface landfill Relative simple control requirements for pollutants water Relatively low operation cost Large land area required (2) Sludge disposal options for this project Based on our investigation and study on the project area, the final disposal scenario of sludge from various WWTPs was determined after comparison, and it is as shown in Table 4.4-6. Table 4.4-6 Disposal scenario of sludge from WWTPs Plant Loujiang I Fuxing I Wuzhong Huishan I Dongting I Anzhen Disposal location Qizishan solid waste landfill | Taohuashan solid waste landfill Construction status Existing landfill for municipal solid waste Capacity (million m 3 ) 4.7 4.26 Sludge amount (m3/d) 72 107 47 47 24.26 | 39.84 Transport distance (km) 20 10 15 10 25 Transport time 4-6 a.m. and 7-10 p.m. 5-7 a.m. and 7-9 p.m. Disposal method Sanitary landfill Means oftransport Leak-proof 10 t trucks, each with a loading capacity of 8 ml Sludge transport rate (yuan/m3 /km) 2 2 2 2 2 Sludge transport cost(RM3B/d) 2880 2140 1410 940 1213 Sludge disposal rate (RMB/m) 25 25 25 25 25 Sludge disposal cost (RMB/d) 1,800 2,675 1,175 1,175 606.5 Total disposal cost (RMB/d) 4,680 4,815 2,585 2,115 1,819.5 Annual total disposal cost (RMB/a) 1,708,200 1,757,475 943,525 771,975 664,118 52 (3) Briefpresentation of sludge landfills Qizishan and Taohuashan sludge landfill can meet "Pollution control standard for domestic waste landfill" (GB16889-1997) by spot research, investigation and analysis. a. Qizishan sanitary landfill This landfill is located in Mudu town (see Figure 4-9) 13.5 km away from Suzhou, and with hills around it on all sides. It was put into service in 1993 for a service period of 20-25 years. It has a total capacity of 4.7 million mi3. Now it has been received solid waste from the Suzhou everyday with capacity of 800-1,300 t/d. There is no residential area around it. The soil of this landfill consists of clay, sand and stone with impermeability KS 1IO cm/s, and groundwatr buried in land 20 m away from ground surfiace. Domestic wastes transpoit to the landfill without compression. Rubbish will be covered with soil when it is piled up a layer with height of 50 m (total 15 layers). There is a chimney made of stone in each layer to discharge inner gas without combustion equipment. The leachate collection tank was set at the bottom of landfill and leaching test can be done to sample in the tank. Leachate,,was delivered,to WWTP in High and New Technology Development Zone trowgh pipeline and di-cwiwed into the GrandCanal whlue effluent meet discharge standard. Rainwater near the landfill was collected alone and discharged into swondig river networkl Suzhou govemment planned to build rubbish incineration power plant located in northwest of Qizishan landfill whose residual storage is finite. The power plant wil cover 128 mu with capacty of 1,000 /d, 600 t/d for phase I and 400 t/d for phase 11. Total investment is about 610,000,000 RMB. It was planned to stait by the end oftis year and phase I will be accomplished in the end of 2004. This will release presse and extend age limit ofQizishan landfill. In addition, Wuxi and Suzhou government proposed to build hazardous wastes disposal centres by the end of 2006 in accordance with documents of Development and Planning Commission of Jiangsu Povince (Suhuan[2002] No.18) and WWTPs of the Project will be built by 2010. Once sludge of WWTP is hazardous matter after leaching test, it will be disposed at the centres. m~~. Figure4-9 The photo of Qizishan sanixtry bndfill b. Taohuashan sanitary landfill It is located in the western suburb of Wuxi (Figure 4-10), 19 km from the downtown, with capacity of 4,260,000 m3. It is a valley with gentle topography and has large volume. It is a barren valley, far from residential and scenic spots. The Phase I works was started in 1994, with the designed daily treatment capacity of 810 t/d; Phase Il works was started in 1995, with the far term daily treatment capacity of 1,380 t/d. The design service life is 15-20 years and grounwater at the site is more than lOu0 The landfill consists of rubbish dam, interception dam, wasterwater tank, interception ditch and wastewater and gas collection system. Blind ditches are set at the bottom of landfill, and leachate was discharged into wasterwater tank through it, then leachate was transfered to Lucun WWTP through pipeline with length of 6.3 km. Stone 53 chimney was set at crosspoint of blind ditches, and inner gas was discharged through it. Rubbish winl be covered with local soil of 40 cm thickness when it is piled up a layer with height of 10 m untill 80 m. Rainwater was discharged into local river network through interception ditch The sludge of Lucun WWTP has been disposed at this site and that of Anzhen, Dongting and Huishan WWTP will also be disposed at the site, Wuxi government proposed to build a rubbish incineration power plant with capacty of 1,000 t/d at Xin'an towrL The mam work of the plant which will be operated by Feb. 2004 has been finsed. It will extend age limit of Qizishan landfill. If sludge of WWTPs is hazardous matter after leaching test, it is proposed that the sludge shotld be transported to local hazardous waste disposal center which will be set up by 2006. r. 7 The sites and effluent outlets of Loujiang, Fuwing and Wuxi WWTPs have been alternated dunng phase I periocL Phase II project will be construted at the reserved area of WVWTPs, so the 3 WWTPs will not be compared durn phase period. pht 4-.1 Comparison of Sites for Huishan WWTP in Wuxi Site I is at Hujiadu Village on the north bank of Xibei Canal, its west being Yanqiao River. The river to receive effluent is Xibei Canal to the south ofthe planned site. Site 11 is at Zhlgjing Village on the westen edge of Huishan Economic and Development Zone and the east bank of Xicheng Canal. There is a residential spot 500m to the east of this planned site, and some small factories ar2qn to its northL The main advantages and disadvantages of Site I and Site n are shown in Table 4,5-1. After sufficient comparison and selection ofthe two site, Site I has bemrecommended, T&We4J-1 Comparsonofalk..iad. sfor HnisaWWTP Site I Site2 (1)Acquisibion of a litefaland; (2)The efflun discharge outlet is on Xibei Canal with large flow; (3) Large land area availablc reserved forfutare Main e7xpansio and ceatimble w t o p the(1)Agreig with overall planinig of Hwshan advatages of the development zone;, development mg (4) Sum:unded by highways and rivers, with no d envionmental sensitive tawget nearby, (5) Basically in the middle of service area, dts saving investment in wastewater pipeline; (6) Noresettlement ofresidents. (1)Small land area, notgDod forfuture expansieon; Main (I) The plant is close to Xibhi Canal. considerat (2) To its no1heast, a reidential zune will be built, di.sadvantas shall be taken on dtreat from flood andother natural and it may be affected bv the operation of the vantages disasters. WWTP (3)Itis to the west of the service area, and more 54 construction investment will be required for the wastewater interception works in the zone (4) High expenses will be required to resettle the existing residents. 4.5.2 Comparison of Effluent Discharge Outlet Alternatives for Huishan WWTP in Wuxi Alternative I: the discharge outlet is on the north bank of Xibei Canal. The water in the canal is now Category IV It is the main navigation channel in Huishan Development Zone, and has fairly good water quality. Its water quality function goal is Category IV. Alternative II: the discharge outlet is on the east bank of Xicheng Canal. The water in this canal is now Category V, in fairly poor quality. Opposite to the proposed discharge outlet there is a effluent discharge outlet of Qianzhou WWTP. The water quality function goal of Xicheng Canal is Category IV, and its present water quality is inferior to its functional requirement. The effect of the above two alternatives on water quality is as shown in Table 4.5-2. Table 4.5-2 Effect of different discharge locations on water quality of Huishan WWTP (COD) Item Effluent concentration Xibei Canal Xicheng Canal 60 3.76kn 5.17km Pollution belt extension 80 5.72 km 7.32 km in the canal section 10 72 km 7.32 km 100 7.56kmn 10.45 km Increase in maximum 60 11.0 mg/L 24.22 mgfL concentration at 80 14.66 mg/L 32.2 mg/L discharge outlet 100 18.33 mg/L 40.6 mg/L It can be seen that Alternative I is better. Xibei Canal has a large flow and good water quality at present, and the water body has good assimilative capacity, therefore it is able to accept the effluent from the WWTP. In Alternative II, the discharge outlet is close to that of Qianzhou WWTP. It may cause serious pollution to Xicheng Canal when the effluents from the two plants are put together. It is therefore suggested that the discharge outlet of the WWTP be set at Hujiadu Village on the north bank of Xibei Canal. 4.5.3 Comparison ofAlternatives for Anzhen WWTP Site I is at Nianyu Village of Anzhen Town, on the west side of Shengtang River, 1500m to Xihu Highway in the south. The effluent will be discharged into Shengtang River. Site II is at Xuchongqiao village of Houqiao Town, on the south side of Jiuli River, 1500m to Xihu Highway in the north. The effluent will be discharged into Jiuli River. The Anzhen WWTP will locate in the downwind of local dominative wind direction and keep enough distance to residential area and public architectures. There is no drinking water source within 1000 m. The main advantages and disadvantages of Site I and Site 11 are shown in Table 4.5-3. Alternative I (Site I) is determined to be the recommended site considerating aspects of environment, economy, investment and development. Table 4.5-3 Comparison of alternatives forAnzhen WWTP Item Alternative I Alternative II Location Nianyu Village ofAnzhen Town Xuchongqiao village of Huqiao Town Planned land Land planned for industrial use Land planned for industrial use Status quo of land Farmland, with impact to business Farmland, basically without impact to business attraction in surrounding area attraction Receiving water body Shengtang River Jiuli River Impact to Shengtang River, slight impact Low impact to Shengtang River, impact to Impact to Effluent to Furong River, and basically no impact Furong River, and slight impact to surrounding to Wanshandang River Wanshandang River environment Odor Basically no impact to surrounding residential zone (beyond 200m) Noise Basically no impact to surrounding environment after taking acoustic isolation measures on main noise sources Wastewater transport Shortest transport pipeline for three 35 km more than that ofalternative I towns Relocation No Little Traffic and operation Convenient Convenient management 55 4.5.4 Comparison of Alternatives for Wuzhong WWTP Comparison of sites for Wuzhong WWTP is as shown in Table 4.5-4. It can be seen from the table that Site I is better than Site II. Table 4.5-4 Comparison of Alternatives for Wuzhong WWTP Item Site I Site 11 Discharge ways Open ditch drainage Concealed pipe drainage Impact to residential area With impact Without impact Impact to surface water With impact Without impact Layout ofsewerage network and lifting pumping stations Easy Difficult 56 Section 5 Environmental Overview and Baseline Monitoring and Assessment 5.1 Natural Setting Tai Basin sits in the middle part of China along the coast and in the southern part of Yangtze River delta. This basin is bounded by the Yangtze River to the north, East China Sea to the east, the Qiantangjiang River to the south, and Tianmu Mountain, Jielin, Mao Mountain, Qinghuai River and Shuiyangjiang water system to the west. The total area of the basin is 36,500 km2. 5.1.1 Topography The topography of Tai Basin can be roughly divided into mountainous and hill section and plain section. The mountainous and hill section is mainly located in the western part of the basin, and occupies 1/6 ofthe total basin area. The plain section covers a much larger proportion (about 5/6 of the total ), which is situated in the middle and eastern part. The average elevation of this part of the basin is 1Om below the sea level. The middle and eastern parts are called Tai plain and its topography tilts gradually from west to east and the differential elevation between the high and the low ground is only about 4-5m. The gradient of Rivers is generally between 2/10,000 and 1/10,000 in the eastern and western sides of Tai Lake, respectively. About 1/5 of Tai plain is lakes and river network. The density of streams in this area is 3-4km/km . Earthquake intensity is 6-7 degree in this area. 5.1.2 Climate Tai Basin is in the subtropical zone where monsoon climate dominates. There are distinct four seasons with dry and cold winter and stuffy summer. The annual average temperature is 15-18-C, while the hottest monthly temperature of 27.5-31.2C in July, and the coldest of -5.5--8.5°C in January. The annual precipitation is 1,200 mm, of which, 70-80% occurs between May to October, increasing water flows in the rivers, lakes the and billabongs. The plum rainy season between May and July lasts long with intensive precipitation. Rainfall brought by typhoon between August and October is typically strong. The main wind directions is southeast in summer and northwest in winter, mean annual wind velocities are 2.6 m/s and 3.4 m/s in Wuxi and Suzhou area. From the analysis on the pattern of the precipitation regions, we can see that, in general the precipitation is higher in the southern part of the basin than the northern and higher in the western than the eastern. The annual average precipitation in mountainous area of Tianmu mountain, sitting in the southwest of Tai Basin within Zhejiang province, is over 1,400mm, and the precipitation within area from Yangtze River to Suzhou city, Wujiang county, and Kunshan region is below 1,100mm. The annual evaporation in the basin is 1,200mm or 1,500mm. 5.1.3 General situation of water system Tai Lake basin water system is a lake/river network system centered on Tai Lake and a branch water system most downstream ofYangtzi River. This water area occupies a total area of 6175km2, about 17% of basin area. There are many crossing rivers and channels in this area and the total length of watercourse is 120,000 km, river density is 3-4 km/km2. There are many lakes distributed in this area, among them 189 lakes have area exceeding 0.5km2 and total water surface area is about 3,159 km2. Tai Lake has a water surface area of 2338km2 and is one of the 5 largest fresh water lakes. Average depth of Tai Lake is 1.89m and the lake has a total volume of about 4.4 billion m3. It is a natural storage adjustment reservoir and the most important water supply in Tai Lake basin. Main sources of water of Tai Lake are Zhaoxi and Nanxi water systems in western hilly area. Boundary points are normally Zhihu Harbor at north bank of Tai Lake and Changdou Harbor at south bank. West of these boundary points (including Zhihu Harbor and Changdou Harbor) is reception area of upstream water; east of these boundary points is the downstream out-flowing area. Through out the basin, there are 10 lakes with area larger than 10km2, i.e. Tai Lake, Dingshan Lake, Ge Lake, Yangchen Lake, Tao Lake, Cheng Lake, Kunchen Lake, Yuandang Lake, Jingji Lake and Dushu Lake. 57 5.1.4 General introduction of water resources Average precipitation amount over years of Tai basin is 41.4 billion m3, average total annual water resource is 16.2 billion m3, some 39% of annual precipitation. The basin has a population of 36.08 million, 24.56 million mu of cultivated land, 512 m3/person of average water resource (1/5 of national average), and 661m3/mu average water resource per mu (less than 2/5 of national average). Distribution of water resources is not even in this basin. East Zhejiang Province has the smallest population and cultivated land, however 24.5% of total water resources of the basin. Wu-Chen-Xi-Yu area has 13.6% or total population and 11.0% of cultivated land, however only 7.6% of total water resources. Distribution of water resources over the year (or years) is not even either: precipitation and runoff volume are concentrated in May - September during which time precipitation and runoff volume occupy 43-65% and 45-55% of annual total respectively. Amplitude of change of precipitation over years reaches 1.7-4.5 times and 3-8 times for runoff volume. Due to such uneven distribution in time and space, plus the basin is low in the middle and high in peripheral, poor drainage and lack of backbone flood-discharging rivers, and reclamation in many lakes, flooding and droughts are frequent in this basin. According to records, in over 80 years in this century, years with flooding and droughts have risen to 5/6, while years without these disasters are only 1/6. 5.2 Socio-economic Overview 5.2.1 Population, Cities and Towns Tai Basin is one of the regions whose population density and urbanization rate are among the highest in China. The population density of this area is 978 people/kM2, which is seven times the national average. The total population in year 1998 was 35.98 million, among which, rural population was 18.20 million, and urban population was 17.78 million. Tai Basin includes Metropolitan Shanghai, four municipalities of Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou and Zhenjiang in Jiangsu province, and three municipalities Hanzhou, Jiaxin and Huzhou in Zhejiang province. The population of this area is now changing fast from countryside to cities or towns and the current the urbanization rate is 49%. 5.2.2 Pattern of Industries (1) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) The sum GDP of four cities (Suzhou city, Wuxi city, Changzhou city, Zhenjiang city) in Jiangsu province within Tai Basin in year 2002 was RMB 498.253 billion RMB, which accounts for 4.9% of the national GDP. The average income per capita was 1.3 times over the national average Of this total, GDP of Suzhou city was 208.037 billion RMB, GDP of Wuxi city was 158.066 billion RMB, total of these two cities' GDP accounted for 72.5% of the basin. The GDP per capita of these four cities in Jiangsu province within Tai Basin was 30,500 RMB. Among which, the average income of Wuxi city (36,000 RMB) and Suzhou city (35,600 RMB) exceeded the regional average. The indices of national economy for these four cities in Jiangsu province were summarized in table 5.2-1. Table 5.2-1 Main indicators of national economy for each city (2002) Items Citys Wuxi Changzhou Suzhou Zhenjiang Total GDP (Billion RUB) 158.066 76.06 208.037 56.09 498.253 (Primary industry) total agricultural production value 5.693 4.884 9.172 3.466 23.215 (Billion R.MB) (Secondary industry) total industrial production value 86.804 43.15 121.152 31.313 282.419 (Billion RUMB) (Tertiary industry) total production value (Billion RMB) 65.57 28.026 77.713 21.311 192.62 Average GDP (1,000 RMl/capita) 36.2 22.2 35.7 21 - Denizens' average annual income in cities and towns 9988 9933 10617 8202 - (R1MB) Yield offoodstuff(1,OOO t) 962.9 1228.6 1463.6 1088.8 4743.9 Yield of cotton (t) - 637 7527 1501 9665 Yield of oil plants (1,000 t) 39.4 73 78.1 79.2 269.7 Thetotalyieldofmeats(1,OOOt) 139.8 115 161.8 71.1 487.7 Yield ofaquatic products (1,000 t) 111.1 120.4 363.1 68.6 663.2 58 Among the sectors, agricultural output was 23.215 billion RMB (4.7%), industry was 282.419 billion RMB (56.5%), service sector was 192.62 billion RMB (37.4%). Clearly, industry is the backbone in the regional economy In the GDP, Suzhou is the highest of the total agricultural output (39.5%), Suzhou (42.9%) and Wuxi (30.7%) are among the highest in industry and Suzhou (40.3%) and Wuxi (34.0%) are also among the highest in the service sector. (2) Industrial and agricultural production Tai Basin only covers 0.4% of the national land area, and the population accounts for only 2.9% of the national population, but its GDP accounts for 10.3% of the national GDP. Economic revenue of unit land area is 28 times that of the national average. This region plays a key role in the nationwide social and economic activities, so it is one of the most developed regions with active investment growth and social development. Among 100 top counties in term of comprehensive strength, 20 counties belong to Tai Basin (2/3 counties of this basin), and seven counties among the top ten counties. Cultivated land of Tai Basin is 21,450 mu, accounts for 1.8% of the cultivated land, and that is 43% of total basin's land area. Cultivated field is dominated by paddy soil, which is 18 million mu, and accounts for 84%. Area of dry land is 3.10 million mu, duplicate plantation index is 200%, which is higher than the national average. The agricultural production value per hectare of land is one time over the national average, and foodstuff output is 37% higher than the national average. This region is the important bases for various comprehensive commodities and primary products, the main crop and economic crops of this basin include paddy, wheat, cotton, cole, silk, tea-leaf, bamboo and fruits, etc. The breeding quantities of birds and domestic animals also play an important role in the whole country. 5.3 Baseline Assessment for Water Environment 5.3.1 Pollutant Sources for WaterEnvironment 5.3.1.1 Discharge Amount of Industrial Pollutants Pollution sources of south Jiangsu province within the Tai Lake Basin include industrial, domestic, agricultural, and traffic sources, of which, industrial polluting source is the main one. According to the statistics of year 2000, COD discharge quantities of industrial wastewater in Suzhou city and Wuxi city totaled 15,120 t/a. The number of enterprises that account for 80% of the total emission quantities for each county or city is summarized in table5.3-1. Table 5.3-1 The key industrial pollution sources in Wuxi city and Suzhou city in 2000 No. Citiesorcounties mNuber of Major Wastewater quantities Emission of CODc, enterprises (million m3/a) (1000 tfa) I Wuxi city 93 219.49 13.982 2 Xishan 34 45.69 9.864 3 Jianying 42 201.39 15.698 4 Yixin 14 72.36 10.320 5 Suzhou city 106 119.97 11.500 6 Changshu 52 91.79 11.328 7 Kunshan 21 72.31 7.035 8 Wu county 46 109.86 12.013 9 Zhangjiagan 26 120.37 14.413 10 Taichang 10 385.74 5.812 11 Wujiang 23 52.87 8.997 5.3.1.2 Discharge Amount of Domestic Pollutants With the urbanization and highly concentration of population, the polluted load of domestic wastewater is increasing constantly According to a statistics in year 2000, the total emission of domestic wastewater for Suzhou city and Wuxi city was 304.02 million t/a, emission of COD was 136,700t/a. Emission of domestic pollutants for each county and city is listed in table 5.3-2. 59 Table 5.3-2 Pollutants amount for Wuxi and Suzhou in 2000 No. Cities and City Village Total Domestic wastewater counties (1,000 people) (1,000 people) (1,000 people) (Million m3/a) CODc, (tla) I Wuxi city 971.6 145.3 1116.9 53.61 24,013 2 Xishan 181.5 807.4 988.9 21.36 10,878 3 Jianying 345.1 800.8 1145.9 27.21 13,178 4 Yixin 266.3 816.0 1082.3 24.61 11,905 5 Suzhou city 871.7 221.9 1093.6 71.08 23,567 6 Changshu 285.6 754.4 1040.0 24.19 11,440 7 Kunshan 194.8 394.1 588.9 13.48 6,772 8 Wucounty 184.2 781.1 965.3 20.98 11,101 9 Zhangjiagan 187.2 666.9 854.1 19.00 9,822 10 Taichang 151.7 297.5 449.2 10.97 5,166 11 Wujiang 189.3 581.8 771.1 17.53 8,868 Note: 1. Discharge Amount of domestic wastewater for Wuxi and Suzhou was prepared based on the actual figures, the data for other counties and cities were calculated at 150 liter/person day for urban dwellers, and I001iter /person-dayfor villagers. 2. As for emission of CODCr,. It was calculated at 18-22 kilogram/person per annum for Wuxi city and Suzhou city, and at 9- 12 kilogram/person per annum for other counties or cities. 5.3.1.3 Cleaner Production for Industrial Enterprises Jiangsu government has closed down 1536 enterprises which has serious pollution, backward technology, poor product quality and resource waste in accordance with industrial policy of state during "ninth five-year" (1996-2000), such as little coal mines, paper mills and chemical plants. It effectively cut pollutant discharge amount. Jiangsu province is carrying out cleaner production and ISO 14000 environmental management authentication works. 140 enterprises are carrying out audit works of experimental cleaner production. 60 enterprises and industrial park of Suzhou and Wuxi have passed ISO 14000. 49 enterprises is building and operating ISO 14000. Jiangsu EPB required that all of dyeing, textile and chemical plants and enterprises exceeding discharge standard must pass audit works of experimental cleaner production during 2003-2005. 5.3.1.4 Overview of WWTPs (WWTPs) (I) WWTPs in Wuxi area (Wuxi city and Xishan district) There are 10 existing WWTPs within Wuxi area. The processing capacities of Lueun WWTP and Chengbei WWTP are 200kt/a and 50kt/a, respectively Other WWTP can treat wastewater of 600t/d to 25kt/a. The designed and actual capacities of these WWTPs are summarized in table 5.3-3. The total quantity of both industrial and domestic wastewater is 34,015t/d in Wuxi area, so the treatment rate of wastewater is 19.9%. Table 5.3-3 Centralized treatment planning for wastewater in Wuxi area No. WWTP Actual capacities (1,000 m3/a) Designed capacities (1,000 m3/a) Lucun I 131.00 200 (primary treatment 100, secondary treatment 100) 2 Chengbei 25.00 50.0 3 Yangshi 0.60 5.0 4 Qianzhou 17.00 25.0 5 Shitanwan 1.70 15.0 6 Mashan 4.00 15.0 7 Dafu 0.33 0.6 8 New District 5.40 25.0 9 Luqu 3.0 10 Ganxia 2.0 (2) WWTPs in Suzhou area (Suzhou and Wu county) There are 7 existing WWTPs within Suzhou area. The processing capacities of Chendong WWTP and the WWTP in the Industrial Park are 90kt/a and 100kt/a, respectively. Other WWTPs can treat 1Ot/d to 80kt/a wastewater. The designed and actual capacities of these WWTPs are summarized in table 5.3-4. The total quantity of both industrial and domestic wastewater is 32,189t/d in Suzhou area, so the treatment rate of wastewater is 19%. 60 Table 5.3-4 Centralized treatment planning for wastewater in Suzhou area No. WWTP Actual capacities (1,000 m3/a) Designed capacities (1,000 m3/a) I New District 40.0 80 2 Chengdong 40.0 90 3 Chengxi 12.5 4 Chengnan 5.0 -- 5 Industrial park 20.0 100 6 New District 40.0 40 7 Changqiao in Wu county 10.0 10 5.3.1.5 Baseline of Pollution sources around Wuli lake in Wuxi City Meiliang lake a sub-lake of Tai Lake is the main water supply source and scenic spot of Wuxi as well as Wuli lake which bounded by Du, Chong, and Baojie hill to the west, Wuxi urban to the north. Wuli lake is the most seriously polluted water body in this area. (1) Pollution interception Pollution sources entering into Wuli Lake in Wuxi include industrial and domestic wastewater, point-source and plane-point, etc. based on the survey and analysis conducted by Shanghai Exploration and Design Institute, the main inflowing pollution sources in partial area around Wuli lake are listed in table 5.3-5. Table 5.3-5 Pollutant load in partialarea (Liyuan and Dongjiang town) around Wuli Lake Town Pollution sources COD (t/a) TP (t/a) TN (t/a) Industrial 26.44 2.3 0.11 Liyuan Domestic 270.68 30.08 3.01 Restaurants and hotels 15.01 3.52 0.35 Industrial 49.68 2.47 0.12 Dongjiang Domestic 203.67 22.63 2.26 Restaurants and hotels 3.9 0.52 0.05 Total 569.38 61.52 5.9 Collection rate is 80% 455.50 49.22 4.72 According to the overall lan of Wuxi city, the industrial sources in the north of Wuli lake will be treated by Lucun WWTP, that in the southeast of Wuli lake will be discharged into Binhuxinchen WWTP. Lucun WVWTP was built in 1986, covers an area of 68km2. Its current capacity is 200kt/d (secondary treatment capacity is only 100kt/d) , and the secondary treatment capacity of the plant will reach to 200kt/d by the end of year. The construction of the third stage expansion has commenced yet, and its capacity will reach up to 300kt/d in year 2010. The service scopes of the WWTP include Chenzhong, Yanming, Hela and Zhongqiao (including Liyuan) districts in Wuxi city, of which, Zhongqiao district belongs to the northern part of Wuli lake. At present, only partial sewerage network has been finished. After the completion of the entire component, the wastewater in the northern part of Wuli lake will all be collected in Lucun WWTP, and the catchment is shown in Figure 5-1. Binhuxinchen WWTP with capacity of 50,000 t/d is located in the southeast of Wuli lake. Service area of the WWTP is the Dongjiang, Huazhuang town, Binhu industrial park (342.19 ha) and University town. (see Figure 5-1) This district is the important area of urban development for Wuxi city since it provides supporting service to the University town and Hi-tech zone. Due to the need of Wuli lake rehabitation component, pipelines for Qingqi road, Gaolan road and Huaqing road will be done at first before the completion of Binhuxinchen WWTP. With the construction of these pipelines, the wastewater of this district can be sent to Lucun WWTP for treatment. (2) Sediment dredging Dredging sediment of the lake and avoiding second pollution. (3) 11 gates lIgates will be built on incoming and outcoming rivers around Wuli lake. The component will prevent wastewater of Wuxi from flowing into Wuli lake and contaminating water supply sources of Tai and Meiliang Lake. Industrial point sources and part of domestic wastewater have been treated by WWTP, but 61 non-point sources need to be control by gates. Furthmore, water of Meiliang lake can be pumped into Wuli lake by Meiliang pumping station to increase water level and environmental capacity of Wuli lake and surrounding rivers. It will improve water environment around Wuli lake. 5.3.1.6 Baseline of Pollution in Suzhou Central Urban District Pollution sources in Suzhou urban central district include industrial and domestic wastewater, point-source and plane-point, etc. based on the survey and analysis conducted by Environmental Science and Engineering College, Hohai University, the main pollution sources are summarized in table 5.3-6. Table 5.3-6 Pollutant load of in Suzhou central urban district Sources Quantity (Million m3/a) COD (t/a) NH3-N(ta) Industrial sector 26.8139 5,000.00 / Domestic 49.4662 6,890.18 3,613.81 Agricultural sector / 2,207.25 222.48 Service sector 2.1996 1,877.05 / Total 78.4797 15,974.48 3,836.29 Industrial and domestic pollutants around the Water Control Scheme on Xujiang and Shangtang rivers component, are within the collecting scope of Fuxin WWTP, please refer to figure 3-10. The first stage component of Fuxin WWTP had been completed and put into operation by the end of year 2002. After the completion of the second stage of the plant (included in the present World Bank Project), the total capacity of the plant will increased to 180km3/d, and it serves southwestern part of Suzhou city. 5.3.2 Water Quality Assessment for Water Body The monitoring cross-sections of the rivers are shown in figure 5-2 and 5-3. The assessment for the quality of water bodies was based on the data collected in 2002-2003, and the results were summarized in table 5.3-7 throughout to table 5.3-13. (1) Major river within Wuxi city Main rivers in urban area of Wuxi city are the Grand Canal, Jiuli River, Bodugang, Xibei Canal and Xicheng Canal; see Wuxi water system diagram for details (Figure5-2). The Grand Canal penetrates Wuxi urban area, Xicheng Canal connects the Grand Canal to Yangtzi River. Wangyu River located in the downstream of Jiuli River, Bodugang and Xibei Canal. Effluent of proposed Dongting WWTP will be discharged to Xinxintang-Jiuli River, and that of Anzhen WWTP will be discharged to Shengtang River-Jiuli River-Wanshandang, and Huishan WWTP will discharge effluent to Xibei Canal. See Figure5-2 for sectional locations of water quality monitoring of rivers around proposed WWTPs and Table 5.3-7 for current water quality. As can be seen from Table NH3-N content in water of four major rivers in Wuxi city severely exceed the standard, and are classified into worse than Category V, of which, Bodugan is the severest, and then Jiuli River, Xichen canal and Xibei canal in sequence. The main Incompification factors are, NH3-N, TP, DO and CODcro Table 5.3-7 Average concentration of water quality for major rivers in Wuxi Unit: mg/L No. Rivers Year Location of cross-sections CODc, DO BOD5 TP NH3-N Oils Function division I Xicheng 2002 Upstreamnofintersectionwith 11 / 10 0.41 5.15 0.25 Xibei canal 2 2002 Yanqiaogan 8.3 / 7.2 0.46 5.29 0.19 3 Xib 2002 DongzhuanBridge 36.2 2.6 8 0.38 8.11 0.33 4 2002 Sanba Bridge 23.9 1.7 3.9 0.22 5.45 0.15 5 2001 Zhangjin Bridge 37.7 2.1 7.6 0.3 4.87 0.55 IV 6 2003 West end of Shengtan river 33 3.3 / 0.45 8.29 / 7 2003 Zhougenxiang along Furong 40 0.8 / 0.48 9.61 / 2003 River JiuliRie 8 2002 Zhongan Bridge inXinxintan 38.3 2 18 0.27 5.6 0.57 9 2002 Wanan Bridge in Beixintang 30.2 2.2 6.2 0.58 3.98 0.39 10 2002 TantangBridgeinHousangan 26.1 2.1 4.7 0.24 6.1 0.15 62 )~J:i.. M.A -D JPL-gr VN.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. Wuli lake I Afr v~ *Am Fig. 5-1 Sewerage Network around Wuli lake area I < ;; U~~Figure 5-2 The Locations of Water Monitoring Sections in Wux, <54/ j ;We ;Nx~ulisha WWflTP>C 6c-., /~~~" :%Outle of'Effluentt D:,<'~~~~~,t' '5S <:tAzhe WW '0\t;,a-Vt' P ' 4,0t ; a 2- s- ^ e .- Outlet of Effluent' t: v ,1 D,ngin WWTP,,S _ j ult fWT ! . \ $, ; 0v! 9 12 H WaterQiitMonitonngfEftiuenandNber No. Rivers Year Location of cross-sections CODCr DO BOD5 TP NH3-N Oils Function division 11 2001 Tuanjie Bridge 58.8 0.9 10.2 0.8 7.9 0.35 12 2001 MeicunBridge 36.1 1.2 11.9 0.36 6.12 0.16 13 Bodugang 2003 Xinzhao Bridge 50.5 0.25 / 0.7 11.6 / IV 14 2003 New bridge in Dankou 30 0.6 / 0.32 9.72 / 15 2003 Sushe Bridge 35 0.55 / 0.52 10.45 / (2) Major rivers within Suzhou city Suzhou river network includes 8main rivers such as Waicheng River and Grand Canal. Main rivers flowing into Waicheng River are: Shangtang River, Shantang River, Xu River, Shiziyang River and Yuanhetang River, main rivers flowing out of Waicheng River are Loujiang River and Grand Canal. See Suzhou water system diagram (Figure5-3) for details. Shangtang River and Shantang River are dredging river courses, gates are planned on Xujiang River and Shangtang Ring, the effluent of Loujiang WWTP will discharge to Loujiang River, the effluent of Fuxin and Wuzhong WWTPs will discharge to the Grand Canal. See Figure5-3 for cross-sections of water quality monitoring of rivers and Table 5.3-8 for current water quality. From table 5.3-8, it can be known that NH3-N content of 8major rivers in Suzhou city severely exceed the standard, and can be categorized into Category V TP item is also exceeds except for individual section. The remaining factors are exceed to some extent apart from the oil content. Inner city river and Shantang River are most severely polluted, which is caused by NH3-N, TP, DO, CODcr and BODs; the outer city river is slightly less severe than the inner city river, and thecontribution is mainly made by such factors as NH3-N, TP, CODcr and DO Loujiang River, Shangtang River, Yuanhetang River, old canal, Shizhiyang River are slightly polluted, NH3-N and DO contribute to the pollution of Shizhiyang River. As for the other four rivers, NH3-N and TP exceed the standard, but other factors do not on the whole. The variation tendency of CODm, for Waicheng river in recent years in Suzhou is as shown in Figure 5-4. Table 5.3-8 Average concentration of water quality for majorrivers in Suzhou Unit: mg/L No. Rivers Year Location of CODC, DO BOD5 TP NH-N Oils Function 16 East of Waicheng 2002 Xiangmen Bridge 24.1 2.6 5.5 0.50 6.73 0.04 17 SouthofWaicheng 2002 People's Bridge 38.6 4.4 4.8 0.69 6.14 0.07 18 WestofWaicheng 2002 GuxuBridge 35.8 2.3 6.4 0.81 6.73 0.05 IV 19 NorthofWaicheng 2002 PimnenBridge 25.5 1.7 5.1 0.53 7.13 0.04 20 Waicheng 2002 Baji Bridge 30.1 2.6 5.4 0.35 5.52 0.08 21 2002 Shangjia Bridge 30.7 0.9 15.8 1.31 9.66 0.08 22 Neicheng 2002 Chufang Bridge 43.2 1.8 27.8 1.00 8.60 0.16 V 23 2002 Wuque Bridge 45.2 0.6 15.6 0.80 7.13 0.06 24 Grandcanal 2002 MiduBridge 24.1 1.3 5.5 0.37 6.12 0.11 25 Shizhiyang 2002 Qianwanli Bridge 17.9 1.6 6.0 0.19 7.14 0.06 26 Yuanhetang 2002 Yanjintan Bridge 28.8 3.7 5.8 0.52 4.35 0.04 27 Shangtan 2002 Guanji Bridge 26.7 3.2 4.5 0.39 5.84 0.06 IV 28 Santang 2002 Xinming Bridge 50.7 1.7 6.5 1.25 8.87 0.06 29 2002 Weiting Bridge 16.6 4.8 3.8 0.13 3.13 0.06 30 Loujiang 2002 Xiangyang Bridge 26.4 4.0 6.4 0.65 5.37 0.04 31 2002 Fenghuanjin / 4.7 9.0 0.21 5.59 0.11 63 12 10 6 4 2 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Figure 5-4 Interannual variation tendency of CODMI for Waicheng river in Suzhou (3) Rivers surrounding Tai Lake As in table 5.3-9, NH3-N index for 10 of 12 rivers surrounding Tai Lake are Incompification (most of them can be classified into Group V), BOD5 index for 11 rivers goes Incompification (most of them can be categorized into Group IV). Rivers with all five factors off specification are Zhihugan, Maligan, Xujiang River, Wujingan, Rivers with four factors off specification are Chaoqiao River, and Liangxi River, rivers with three factors off specification are Yincungan and Wusongjiang River, which are moderately polluted. Rivers with only I or 2 items offspecification are Dapugan, Shedugan, Guandugan, and Huguan River, and they are rivers with good quality of water. More than 50% of the pollutants in Tai Lake is contributed by three severely polluted rivers, namely, Zhihugan River, Liangxi River and Wujingan River. Large amount of rivers' effluent entering into Tai Lake are the main reasons why the quality ofwater body in the western and northern part of Tai Lake deteriorate. The main contributors are NH3-N and TP (all reach to Group V). Table 5.3-9 Average concentration of water quality for rivers surrounding Tai Lake in 2000 Unit: mg/L No. Cities Year Rivers surrounding CODm, DO BOD5 TP NH,-N Function Tai Lake division 32 2000 Dapugang 5.05 7.70 4.42 0.10 0.64 33 2000 Shedugang 5.95 5.72 7.02 0.15 1.95 34 2000 Guandugang 5.78 6.28 5.26 0.17 1.07 35 Wuxi 2000 Yincungang 6.68 6.22 5.94 0.13 3.47 36 2000 Caoqiao 5.78 3.57 5.64 0.24 2.99 37 2000 Zhihugang 7.37 2.43 7.25 0.31 3.07 38 2002 Liangxi 7.61 2.27 3.32 0.44 6.88 39 2002 Maligang 8.27 1.97 4.81 0.62 6.59 40 2000 Huguan 4.82 8.42 4.53 0.09 0.91 41 Suzhou 2000 Xujiang 7.70 2.20 7.40 0.39 6.54 42 2000 Wusongjiang 6.90 6.20 4.60 / 2.89 43 Changzhou 2000 Wujingang 10.10 2.37 4.80 0.76 6.40 (4) Regional rivers Wanyu River is the main passage of Tai Lake Basin connecting Yangtze River and the Lake, and the major off specification factors are oils, NH3-N and permanganate. The overall water quality cannot meet the requirements serving function III area. Taipu River is the important channel of flood discharge for the basin area, and it is also the source of drinking water for Shanghai municipality. Except the item of permanganate, other parameters can accord with the requirements serving group III function area since its water quality is good. The detail is described in table 5.3- 10. 64 a NJll *40' 71 55 in Suzhou tt Figure 5-3 The Locations of Water Mlonitoring Sections Afi 1,4 01, A Yangc4odg' e OL Ot.4 W *MA lo%0 FAVA *Id A411 0"s 61 'A 9 k" r ftv AN* -1-141- - 1- V jr. -17 J-j N J, Vp ...... tow -oi r 26 Loqiiang WWTP ru (o jopo N 1114:, Y am . . : . , Xi. 5 20 wvw 7 w 8% 'A 21-Z16 tf$.4 - 63 '157- 22-, -A4L % %10 illa 7 'A $**A V" j VAX 64 4 S4;t% p.w O- 4 r. Fumng %k"ArTP .. ;O do ofEffluent wd I"v I j* Legend J,r. r Ai Inc,"-,5 9 -004 ".A ,*Sff, re k --f k*, iii., t 01 3 r 6km c Wuzhong WWTP OF,'t M.W. 7 . -- iji Muent ':f A Water Quality Monito 't, t 0 nng 6 J# 60 ).< 41 Section and Its Number 4 ...... Irpt 42 -4 4 Outlet of WWTP -e oft t _ I M jis Table 5.3-10 Average annual concentration value of water quality for regional rivers Unit: mg/L No. Rivers year NH,-N Oils Oils Function No. Rivers CODM11 Locations TP Locations COD,,, year DO DO BOD, BOD5 TP NH3-N division 44 2002 Ganlu temple 6.07 5.33 3.50 0.17 1.35 0.41 45 W 2002 E'zhendan 14.67 6.40 5.05 0.13 1.84 0.09 46 Y 2002 Zhangqiao 10.23 0.63 6.50 0.37 7.64 0.39 47 2002 Tiaohee 12.50 4.40 7.00 0.16 3.83 0.09 Il 48 2000 Taipu shiplock 10.96 9.00 2.03 0.045 0.28 / 49 Taipu 2000 Luxu Bridge 15.35 5.04 2.76 / 0.58 0.0005 50 2001 Yuandan 12.90 5.00 2.64 / 0.62 0.0005 (5) Grand Canal It can be known from table 5.3-11, that the assessment factors in Suzhou segment of the Grand Canal can meet the requirement of the corresponding function area, except NH3-N and TP are off specification. NH3-N, TP, DO and CODcr in Wuxi segment ofthe Grand Canal are off specification. The sectional places are collated in order as Xiaxun Bridge>Warehouse for foreign trade commodities>Xinhong Bridge>Suofan Bridge, and this indicate that the pollution from Wuxi urban area contribute much to the bad quality of water in the Grand Canal. The variation tendency of CODN4 for the Grand Canal in recent years in Suzhou is as shown in Figure 5-5. Table 5.3-11 Average annual concentration of water quality for the Grand Canal Unit: mg/L No. Area year Locations CODM,, CODcr DO BOD5 TP NHI-N Oils Function division 51 2001 Xiaxun Bridge 10.2 49.0 1.6 11.0 0.33 10.80 / 52 Wuxi 2001 Warehouse for foreign 9.9 46.0 1.75 10.1 0.43 8.92 / segment business comnmodities 53 2001 Xinhong Bridge 9.6 44.0 1.8 9.8 0.42 7.16 54 2001 Suofan Bridge 9.6 39.0 1.9 8.6 / 6.79 / 55 2002 Upstream ofWanting 8.1 30.5 2.8 4.7 0.32 6.64 0.12 River 56 2002 Fengqiaobinying 7.1 14.8 3.9 4.6 0.18 5.40 0.13 57 Suzhou 2002 Light chemicals 6.9 25.5 3.5 4.4 0.32 6.01 0.12 5 segment warehouse 58 2002 Wufu Bridge 4.8 26.5 7.6 3.1 0.36 1.77 0.09 59 2002 Yingshan Bridge 6.2 23.0 3.8 3.7 0.37 4.69 0.11 60 2000 Guajinkou 17.08 / 7.24 4.69 / 1.83 / 12 O 10 8 6 4 2 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Figure 5-5 Interannualvariation tendency of CODMN for the GrandCanal in Suzhou (6) The protected targets for the lakes and water setting Table 5.2-12 told us that the water quality of Jinji lake, Dushu lake, Wuli lake, Meiliang lake cannot accord with the requirements of the function area. The main off specification factors are TP, TN, permanganate index, BOD5 and NH3-N. Water quality of Yangchen lake is fairly good, and only TN is exceeding the standard. The sequence of lakes in order of pollution is, in turn, Wuli lake>Meiliang lake>Jinji lake>Dushu lake>Yangchen lake. 65 As can be seen from table 5.3-13 that the water quality of Henshan, Baiyangwan, Wu county water treatment plants is good, since these plants take water from east Tai Lake. Every parameter comply with standard of Category II water on the whole. Water quality is a little bit worse in such water treatment plants as Beiyuan, Nanhuang, Meiyuan/Xiaowanli, and Sazhu, since these plants taking water from Yangchen lake, East Tai Lake, Meiliang lake, and Gong lake, respectively. The variation tendency of CODIm, TN and TP for Tai Lake is as shown in Figure 5-6 to Figure5-8. Table 5.3-12 Average annual value of water concentration for lakes Unit: mg/L No. Lakes Year Locations CODM,, DO BOD5 TN TP NH3-N Function 61 Yanchen 2002 SouthofZhonghu 4.70 9.10 2.3 1.81 0.068 0.07 m 62 2002 West ofZhonghu 4.80 8.70 1.8 2.13 0.063 0.14 63 Jinji 2002 6.80 10.40 6.3 5.52 0.344 1.96 IV 64 Dushu 2000 8.70 9.80 8.1 / 0.48 0.15 65 Meiliang 2002 NHOI 7.60 5.50 8.0 6.20 0.31 3.61 66 2002 NHO2 5.50 8.60 12.0 4.00 0.16 1.80 67 2002 NHO3 7.30 7.90 13.7 3.60 0.22 0.57 m 68 . 2002 NHO4 7.30 8.15 14.9 4.79 0.20 2.18 - Wuli 69 2002 NH05 7.36 7.84 13.1 5.25 0.22 2.42 70 2002 NH06 6.21 8.30 18.7 6.07 0.18 3.50 Table 5.3-13 Average annual value of water quality for the protecion objects Unit: mg/L No. Areas Lakes years Locations CODM,l BOD5 Vol Cyanide Tal Cr+6 Total ChlorideFunctions phenol arsenic lead Clrd ucin 71 Meiliang 2001 Meiyuan garden 6.9 7.33 0.006 0.002 0.014 0.002 0.002 0.6 72 Wuxi lake 2001 Xiaowanli 5.02 4.26 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.55 73 Gonglake 2002 Sazhu 4.79 2.45 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.54 74 Eastern Tai 2000 Hengshan 3.6 1.6 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.5 75 Lake 2000 Baiyangwan 3.9 2.0 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.5 76 Yangchen 2000 Beiyuan 5.3 3.0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.6 -Suzhou lake 77 2000 Waterworks, 3.7 2.2 0.002 0.002 Eastern Tai 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.3 Wu county 78 Lake 2000 Nanhuang 5.6 2.8 0.002 0.002 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.6 Waterworks 6 o2 0 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 Table 5-6 Interannual variation tendency of CODM, for Tai Lake -3.5 - 7 3 2.5 tM 2 v 1.5 0.5 0 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 Table 5-7 Interannual variation tendency of TN for Tai Lake 66 0. 14 . - .............. ...................................................... 0. 12 0. 1 0. 08 0.06 9 0. 04 0. 02 0 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 Table 5-8 Interannual variation tendency of TP for Tai Lake 5.4 Baseline Assessment forAmbient Air Environment The air monitoring points are shown in Figure 5-9 and 5-10. The monitoring data for ambient air quality is summarized in Table 5.4-1. Table 5.4-1 Average value of ambient air quality for five consecutive days in 2003 Unit: mg/m3 Components No. Locations SO2 NO2 TSP NHI- H2S I Yufeng woolen sweater 0.043 0.066 0.266 0.008 0.0007 2 Meishang Clothing 0.044 0.069 0.222 0.007 0.0007 Huishan WWTP Manufacturing factory 3 Hengpaiwei 42 # 0.027 0.040 0.166 0.006 0.0032 4 Huifeng plywood 0.064 0.025 0.236 0.007 0.0014 manufacturing plant Anzhen WWTP 5 Nianyu village 0.028 0.026 0.139 0.227 0.0005 6 Tangenshang 0.028 0.026 0.085 / / Dongting WWTP 7 Oubeide 0.026 0.049 0.323 / I Wuli lake rehabilitation 8 Qitang 0.042 0.027 0.141 / I 9 Municipal Science and 0.169 0.128 0.299 1 1 technology committee Suzhou river dredging 10 Yanmen East street 0.072 0.068 0.278 1 1 11 South of Sufu road 0.079 0.09 0.411 / I 12 CaixiangNo.l village 0.055 0.034 0.311 / I Polluted water control 13 Caiyun Bridge over Xujiang 0.024 0.066 0.238 / I on Xujiang and Shangtang Rivers 14 Shangtang River 0.018 0.035 0.135 / I Loujiang WWTP 15 Production zone / / 0.168*(PM,o) 0.22 0. 104* FuxinWWTP 16 Productionzone / / 0.141(PM1 o) 0.31 0.012 WuzhongWWTP 19 Productionzone 0.011 0.033 0.430* 1.5 0.06 "Ambient air quality standard" (GB3095-1996) 0.15 0.12 0.30(0.15) 0.20 0.06 "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal WWTP" 1.5 0.06 (GB18918-2002) Note: * refers to over standard, SO2, NO2. TSP is Class 2 daily average value in GB3095-1996. NH3 and H2S is maximum allowable value in GB18918-2002. Proteced objects adopt GB3095-1996 and WWTPs adopt GB18918-2002. (1) Wuxi area Each item of assessment factors for Wuli Lake Rehabitation Component and Huishan WWTP are on specification, but NH3 in Anzhen WWTP and TSP in Dongting WWTP exceeded the applicable standards. (2) Suzhou area SO2, NO2 and TSP in river network dredging component, PM1o and H2S in Loujiang WWTP and TSP in Wuzhong WWTP which close to a road exceeded the applicable standards. The reason of exceeding standard in Loujiang WWTP is operation of a vitriol plant near the site. 67 5.5 Baseline Assessment for Noise Environment Locations of noise monitoring points are shown in Figure 5-11 and 5-12. Results of noise baseline assessment are summarized in table 5.5-1. Table 5.5-1 Summary of baseline assessment for noise emvironment No. City Locations Period of time Monitoring results dB(A) Standard Results Range Average dB(A) 1-4 AnzhenWWTP Daylight 48.9-51.6 50.3 60 Comp Nigth time 40.2-44.7 42.5 50 Comp Daylight 41.5-45.5 43.5 60 Comp 5 Nanditian Natural Village Night time 40.5-41.0 40.8 50 Comp Daylight 46.9-47.0 47.0 60 Comp Night time 39.9-44.7 42.3 50 Comp 7-9 Lift pump stations inAnzhen, Daylight 46.0-56.2 48.6 60 Comp Yangjian town, Houqiao town Night time 41.2-48.2 44.7 50 Comp 10-14 Chengbei (Huishang) WWTP Daylight 67.6 67.6 70 Comp Night time 60.3 60.3 55 Incomp 15-17 Lift pump stations in Huchang Daylight 52.9-61.0 57.0 70 Comp 15-17 road, Yanxin road, Xicheng road Night time 43.8-50.6 47.2 55 Comp 18-21 Wuxi Dongting WWTP Daylight 54.9 54.9 65 Comp Night time 42.4 42.4 55 Comp 22 Lift pump station ofDongting Daylight 50.2 50.2 60 Comp WWTP Night time 41.3 41.3 50 Comp 23 Yuantouzu Scenic area Daylight 45.5 45.5 55 Comp Night time 40.6 40.6 45 Comp 24 Taide new town in lake Li Daylight 49.6 49.6 60 Comp Night time 42.1 42.1 50 Comp Daylight 55.4-55.7 55.6 55 Incomp Night time 46.5-47.8 47.1 45 Incomp 26 Tai Lake Shanzhuan Daylight 55.1-56.4 55.8 60 Comp (a restaurant) Night time 48.2-49.8 49.0 50 Comp 27 On-water grand amusement Daylight 53.9-54.6 54.3 55 Comp company Night time 47.5-48.4 48.0 45 Incomp 28-32 Wuzhong WWTP Daylight 59.7 59.7 65 Comp Night time 49.5 49.5 55 Comp 33-37 Loujiang W;WTP Daylight 56.4-57.3 56.9 65 Comp Night time 59.6-61.5 60.6 55 Incomp 38-42 Fuxin WWTP Daylight 65.9-66.7 66.3 60 Incomp Night time 49.1--52.3 50.7 50 Incomp 43 South side of Caiyun Bridge over Daylight 61.7-63.2 62.5 70 Comp Xujiang Night time 50.2-51.8 51.0 55 Comp Northwest residential quarter, Daylight 55.8-56.4 56.1 70 Comp 44 Kuahe Bridge over Northern Night time 47.4-49.9 48.7 55 Comp tributary stream of Xujiang 45 Suzhou Southwest side of Jiangfengyuan Daylight 52.5-53.3 52.9 70 Comp residential quarter Night time 44.8-50.2 47.5 55 Comp 46 Southwest side of Hangshan Daylight 56.4-60.2 58.3 70 Comp temple Night time 52.0-53.4 52.7 55 Comp Nortem side of Jiangfeng Bridge Daylight 47.8-54.6 51.2 70 Comp 47_____ over Shangtang River Night time 47.8-51.7 49.8 55 Comp 48 No.28 Guojia Lane Daylight 57.3-58.6 50.8 60 Comp Night time 44.7-44.9 44.8 50 Comp 49 Courtyard of municipal science Daylight 57.6-58.4 58.0 70 Comp and technology committee Night time 50.1-50.3 50.2 55 Comp 50 No.10 high school Daylight 53.7-55.2 54.5 55 Comp Night time 55.8-61.3 58.6 45 Incomp 68 \ t ; -i-->-- Z ;,,r89,-*, tULl ~~J ; / / . ..... X 2 8 Figu~~re 5-9 The Locations of Air Monitoring Points in Wuxi,-, I- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~V~ i /5928i3 4 it,t 1 < 0t w b'" ; 0 " 0 J1 >' / - ass,.{~~~~~~~22 -s.4 *-t *i ., All.,*t -\t ..........- ". ............................... ''' N tICi4!, 6 z Ai i j3t --- Wt6!B I4 - PA9~-; XXJs z q)- /, ,> -8A n + / + X , - X J , ,s ;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ . -\ ,1 wi:\e, * . , v i,~)1 > ''' 0 rW,+N 11Vtms - , ' I ,Q ra~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, S )i -i' §; w , ,, a a Al \;/G s1}4 X < u ~~~Air Monistorinsg Pointand Number -- % s \ - / .N, ~*40F v't iN;Pl A*" of Air Monitoring > Figure 5~~~~~~-10 The Locations Points in Suzhou ,+,,' 4t iik ,2!CnI,".S ' ;S X ,,,,,,* , ,, , ON<9 a ?#* t s, *~ -... ~~~~~-~ %4 a-t XZ v.-:^so-;*^t"+t-w>,'q a;4i'.,i' -'-,\,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I ,---w WN ,". :.et ->, ..11'':~~~~~~~~~ .S - wi;Yng 10n' Z Z> ¢,,. iw' . i .x . *-<*wi. s, v t '--' > , *bjt_A "',AL mW j . / 0,@,w g1, ,, r ,' t\'s.w.i*gie ' ¢,<*84 f-n jy 5 ~~~~'!' 9L \Figure / .s 5-11 The Locations of Noise Monitoring Points in Wuxi K I -I@rn <;j - {1056' i'la 160l ' W " .I -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ^; ~~~~~~~~~~~~I~*a*- ! 1821- J >; * -,-- - t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~f4 /~~~~~ ; ;' I - -k 4 1 ;\ 1 4,N - .^ S ' @ > ,' r h, -I . - ,' , ', ig<<'lEU 't_ '''''', ''C ' X ' ''sf - ' . \' ;D''>R,. - Xk ; z ~~~~~~1,4s22 ,o,4<: ,:. 27 - x 01X; e.Cl Et Tai , V. smr. Lake -; qm 7,_{t,)X'? e° -/ --4 IN&* -- - ~ , \ > =< )NoiseMonitorngPointandNumdr Z *_'j, aft.L., Figure 5-12 The Locations of Noise Monitoring!loints in Suzhou litA V ta, 0 cAt Of S* #W IL S. Yangehong Lam IF! *40- 4 ip tx Xg -0"96 4KI N t, V to N ly'.1 V . A* Od V t Ajo ASP V4k ol 1.4 d 0 NO # 4Mr ,II 41144 .I p 'It. e._ N11444A xN '33-37,;, 'O jj 4.4 `51 W. t 4V 48 kAli A I f q 45.0 0 47 & AKOr 17 9,A," -460 41 p 50, $0, t'l J*w-! v," i%, -1 'a11 I e - ITr SP.? ......... SIWA Ul -.4 _. 4I Ar F.4 I, _. Vt 9 a-h-- O'c AJ it 643 r '%4 38-42 I6 d`# v "M '146 Legends 4 4v .0. -L. QveDii Jf . . . . . . . . -r * ifAs Aot Ig 40 28-32 'd fA 40, .0 0 3 6kM *%P sk It IL J, I 4. ok 44 Noise Monitoring _v Point and Number MoNAlt" IF N. O t, -4, Ar lk ip. . L O No. City Locations Period oftime Monitoring results dB(A) Standard Results Range Average dB(A) 51 Area within No.12 high school Daylight 54.0-55.1 54.1 55 Comp Night time 43.5-48.2 45.9 45 Incomp 52 Suzhou NoDaylight 58.0-58.7 58.4 60 Comp Night time 46.4-47.2 46.8 50 Comp Daylight 54.l1-54.7 54.4 60 Comp 53 No.6 Xixiaobaochang ~~Night time 50.0'-58.4 54.2 50 Incomp Note: if only one figure for the inside boundary ofWWTPs, then it is the maximum value. (1) Wuxi area Factors for noise baseline assessment at monitoring points within Anzhen WWYTP are all in accordance with the requirement of Class II. Due to railway, roads, and traffic on canal, the noise quality at points in southeastern part and southern part of Chengbei (Huishan) WVWTP is Incompification at nighttime. Factors for noise baseline assessment at monitoring points within Dongting WWTP are all in accordance with the requirement of Class III. Factors for monitoring points at Oriental Aquarium and Water Sports Carnie within the Wuli lake rehabitation component are Incompification because noise caused by roads and visitors. (2) Suzhou area The noise index surrounding Wuzhong WWNTP is in conformity with Class III, but the noise at monitoring points at southemn and northern parts of Loujiang WWTP is Incompification at night, which is mainly caused by production noise of some enterprises. Due to the traffic noise on the canal, the noise at the westemn point of Fuxin VWWTP is Incompification. Quality at monitoring points within the Water Control Scheme on Xuj'iang and Shangtang Rivers Component accord with the requirements of Class IV According to the assessment results for the Sediment Dredging for Canal Network in Central District component, noise settings within No.1I0 high school, No.12 high school, and No.6 Xixiaobao are not in conformity with specification at night, mainly due to the traffic noise from Shizhi street and construction sites. To summarize, the overall quality of noise setting for the proposed component is good, except a few indexes at some monitoring points are not in accordance with the requirements of Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93). 5.6 Baseline Assessment for the Soil and Sediment 5.6.1 Baseline Assessment of Soil The measured locations of soil and sediment are shown in Figure 5-14. The monitoring results of soil background value are listed in table 5.6-1. As in table 5.6-1, the soils of the sampling points are alkalinous, the content for each item of heavy metal in the soil doesn't exceed the limit of Class 3, Environment Quality Standard for Soils (GB 15618-1995). Table 5.6-1 Monitoring results for the soil background value Unit: mg/kg No. Sampling points pH Pb Zn Cu Cd Hg Cr As Ni Ti Riverside of 7.70 43.9 105 36.0 0.20 0.671 51.8 8.9 27.1 Construction Shangtang River T2 area of Riverside ofXujiang 7.23 43.3 84.7 28.3 0.127 0.155 69.1 3.60 41.5 T2 projeaf River project Riverside of 7.08 46.8 84.5 22.7 0.051 0.137 59.9 8.55 42.8 Wojinbang River T4 Disposed Sanjiaozhui fishpond 7.50 39.1 59.7 22.9 0.018 0.097 57.0 5.93 45.5 soil site 5.6.2 Baseline Assessment of Sediment (1) Stationing principle 69 To learn current status of sediment, survey points are arranged according to 3 different situations: a. survey points are arranged downstream of all industrial pollution sources that discharge waste water on dredging river courses according to distribution of such sources near dredging river courses and historical & current discharge amounts of heavy metals; b. survey points are arranged on dredging river courses without industrial pollution sources according to different amounts of silt deposit and layered sampling shall be adopted for seriously deposited river courses; c. on non-dredging river courses (adjacent to dredging river courses), some survey points shall be arranged considering uniformity and representativeness in dredging range as much as possible so that sediment in surveyed river courses selected can reflect sediment status of dredged river courses. (2) Investigation of industrial pollution sources According to information provided by Suzhou Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, historical and current industrial pollution sources near dredged river courses and heavy metal discharge amounts of some industrial pollution sources are listed in Table 5.6-2, while locations are shown in Figure5- 15. (3) Arrangement of monitoring points According to aforesaid survey point arrangement principle and distribution of industrial pollution sources, a total of 22 survey points are arranged. Among the 15 industrial pollution sources listed in Table 5.6-2, 10 directly discharge into dredging river courses and 8survey points are arranged downstream of these, almost I for each such source; 5 discharge near dredging river courses and 4 survey points are arranged downstream of these. On dredging river courses without industrial pollution source, 7 survey points are arranged according to different amounts of silt deposit and uniformity and representativeness of survey point distribution in dredging range. 3 survey points are arranged on non-dredging river courses. (I.e. total 15 survey points on dredging river courses at an averaged density of 1 point per 4.4km). Table 5.6-2 Industrial pollution sources near dredging river courses Unit: t/a Wastewater No Zone Enterprise quantity Total Cu Total Cr Total Ni Cyanide Zinc River (m3/a) - East city Clock elements Plant / / Donggang 2 Suzhou paint plant / l l l l / Xiaomiduqiao 3 Suzhou textile plant / l l l l D 4 Suzhou dye plant / /l l l Dalonggang 5 South Suzhou El ceramics city plant 6 Suzhou chemical Gr l l l l / Qigyang 7 Suzhou chemical plant / l l l / l 8 East f SamSung 2002 163,316 0.0257 / I I / Bailianbin river SaSn 9 Suzhou silk dye plant / l l l l / Guoqiao 10 Ist plastic olant / / l / l l 11 Electric 1994 104,377 0.08651 / 0.06589 / / Shantang Shantang plating plant 2002 6,750 0.002025 0.003 0.0014175 / 0.02815 12 Chemical Machinery / / / / / / Shuofang plant zhuang 13 Suzhou Ist pharm plant / / / Yefangbin 14 North Synthesis Chemical / / / / / Y j Yangjia __ ciyplant zhuang city Huqiu El 1994 191,300 / 0.09036 / 0.09825 / Qita 15 plating plant | 2002 97,800 0.0753 0.0264 0.0245 0.0303 / Note: Numbers in the table are the same as those in Figure 5-15. See Figure 5-15 for sediment measurement point locations and Table 5.6-3 for measurement results. See Table 5.6-4 for sediment leaching test results. It can be seen from the Table 5.6-3 that none of heavy metal content in sediment at sampling point exceeds agricultural sludge control standard specified in "Pollutant discharge standard for ma waste water treatment plant" (GB18918-2002) except pb of one sample, and zinc content in 6 samples (No.w2, w4, w5, w6 w12 and w20) exceeds "Agricultural sludge pollutant control standard" (GB4284-84) while there are only 4 such samples on dredging river courses (No. w2 w4 and wl 2 70 #7?}t Jr A* lr a~~~~~~~~~~~~4 t s At ( 'ta X, St \ X * st 14 .~~ : Ir r 1~~~~~~~~~~0 , 2XZ§if A\ hI?re~7 A 9 # i/i # rr 1 ^ # # % 017 A7 9 m ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~a A~~' t fL 14, a7 X e .ke a\ 15 l,'} saga ~~~~of r As4 ~~7 ~~~n } J|j % g , S . iCi/;- M, ,WI S ft ' ; 'c'io Xiver'ThrLeeSitn -l ^,3~~N _ 1L a~~~~~Fut aee Siltin'1 *w19~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~A Sedmen Montoin Poiit aF A9," 1- Legend * .. 1 - ' ai \5 ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~ w AV Figure *5 * aThe a~~~~~t5', w5~ and1S iForh eelSltn a~~~~~~W a D Acto r Point Sources e o Ar Industrial I .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4S~~FulLvl itm FigureThe5-15 Locations o1f' Industrial Point SourcesNerDdgnrirsadSimtMotrngPns / w20). Zn is an indispensable element in human body and is harmless to human beings or other endotherms. It is mainly from mineral separation, electric plating and chemical industry. According to pollutant classification, Zn is pollutant of Class II. Its long-term influence is less than Class I pollutant, and the allowable discharge concentration is larger. Concentration standard of Zn in drinking water is 1.Omg/L. Based on survey of other countries, there is no obvious harm to health when Zn content in drinking water is 23.8-40.8mg/L and in mineral water 50mg/L. Zn is more harmful to fish than human being, because it can be accumulated in fish and low aquatic life. Since Zn scarcely affect land ecological environment and dredged sediment is only used for afforestation and not for farming, it will do small impact on environment. It can be seen from Table 5.6-4 that the values of leaching test do not exceed "Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Procedure Toxicity"(GB5085.3-1996), so the sediment should not be classified in toxic and hazardous matter (see Annex of section 5 for sedimentmonitoring). 5.7 Baseline Assessment for Groundwater The measuring points of groundwater are indicated in Figure 5-13 and 5-14. The monitoring results are listed in Table 5.7-1. It can be known from table 5.7-1, among 12 items of assessment parameters for groundwater monitoring points in Xuelang sediment disposal site, ammonia and nitrogen contents comply with the Class III of groundWater standard, which indicate that the quality of groundwater near the Xuelang sediment disposal site is good and hasn't been obviously contaminated. The quality of groundwater in monitoring points of Suzhou city is worse than that of Wulihu. Among the 12 items of assessment indices, NH3-N contents doesn't comply with the standard, but reach the Class IV requirements for groundwater, the remaining parameters don't exceed the requirement of Class III. 71 Table 5.6-3 Summary of sediment monitoring results Depth of pH Total leadTotal zinc Total Total Total No. Total Location of monitoring Total Total Water points Thickness points copper cadmium mercury chrome arsenic nickel content (m) Unit mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg % cm WI Yangwangrniao River 0.10 8.37 132 450 96.2 0.562 2.55 44.6 6.13 34.5 70 100 0.3 7.32 347 1590 409 3.27 W2 Xiaomiduqiao river 0.822 165 29.5 106 72 0.15 50 7.59 356 1800 410 3.24 0.788 176 27.0 106 71 50 0.63 6.19 40.3 99.4 W3 39.0 Jiuqugan river 0.154 0.117 64.8 7.80 51.4 0.21 40 6.64 70 55.0 135 55.0 0.069 0.079 62.3 9.95 46.2 W4 36 Wojmbin 70 0.10 8.04 79.4 358 56.9 0.697 0.269 52.0 W5 6.19 Caixianbin 61.3 63 50 0.10 7.96 319 1710 287 4.76 0.997 191 23.9 142 78 60 0.9 7.28 323 1460 175 0.926 W6 Guoqiaoriver 0.190 70.8 31.6 56.8 46 0.3 150 7.26 65.0 578 53.1 0.250 0.071 61.1 12.7 W7 49.6 Taying river 52 150 0.10 7.85 446 310 98.6 1.21 0.268 83.6 .. Yanjiazhuang 4.61 r-iver 51.9 96 60 0.45 7.66 75.3 256 135 0.142 1.26 W8 Yanjiazhuang river 102 10.0 56.9 47 50 0.15 7.62 60.4 225 140 0.072 1.56 108 8.40 56.3 51 50 W9 Beiganriver 0.10 7.69 407 1220 233 2.06 4.83 75.4 6.16 62.6 56 80 WIO Qinyang river 0.10 7.77 158 423 101 1.41 0.657 Wll Wojinbang 67.9 river 5.75 63.7 78 40 0.10 10.85 62.4 66.8 17.5 0.096 0.055 W12 37.4 Zhifangbangriver 4.01 29.2 60 35 0.10 7.86 287 1920 349 5.83 0.946 95.3 W13 Science and 19.6 120 technology research 81 45 institute of 0.10 8.44 61.9 65.3 71.6 1.67 0.100 Wu county 61.1 5.9 70.3 44 79 W14 Xiangyang Bridge over Loujian river 0.10 7.81 93.4 310 312 0.562 0.25 W15 HentangBridgeoftheGrandcanal 96.1 32.2 100 57 25 0.10 7.71 97.8 312 119 1.33 0.165 W16 Entrance of Grand 66.6 11.6 canal to Dalong 55.1 42 port 63 0.10 7.86 206 302 181 2.83 0.233 W17 Shantang 102 River 8.3 54.2 45 17 0.10 7.96 47.8 124 39.7 0.127 0.966 W18 69.0 Shangtang River 16.4 44.6 40.2 0.10 7.61 603 925 207 2.93 0.830 W19 CaixiangbangRiver 134 41.6 107 45.8 0.10 7.57 99.3 658 115 0.717 1.02 W20 151 Bailianbang River 24.7 117 55.4 0.10 7.38 259 1040 213 2.16 0.745 W21 146 Dalonggang River 44.6 107 19.6 0.10 7.63 84.1 379 95.4 0.591 0.329 W22 67.7 Xiaomiduqiao River 17.6 56.3 27.7 0.10 7.27 1730 600 235 1.16 1.36 102 "Control Standards 36.0 178 for Pollutants in 33.9 Sludges from Agricultural <6.5 300 500 250 5 5 600 75 Use" (GB4284-84) 100 >6.5 1000 1000 500 20 15 1000 75 200 Sludge agricultural standard described in "Discharge Standard of <6.5 300 2000 800 5 Pollutants for Municipal 5 600 75 WWTP" (GB18918-2002) 100 >6.5 1000 3000 1500 20 15 1000 Note: The monitoring 75 200 datas oflW16-W22 will be providedby the end ofOct. 2003 as the annex ofEA report. 72 . 7. . x ................. ... ........ R,-. i,....... .J'f, . . . . . . . . . Fi ure 5-13 The Locations of Groundwater Monitoring Points and Sedimant in Wuxi A~~~~~~ Legendsg . r ,~~~~~ NJO 0k Grudae Mon , ;itorfinLPoint and Numbe s --~>~-g P~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Sedimant Moitoing oit and Nu , Wmbe -------------------V- I '41. Figure5-14TheLocationsofGroundwaterandSoilMonitoringPointsinSuzhou, 'RIK N 6-4 % q.* L M. "A rx A -.%'40 4 w r 44 V J VA 14 Yangc4on` Like' A % 9 J4 % f-k % 16, I J. kV N: I M le I VP- v I&to 4A 'IN,j06 T4'.. OA W013& V IX '. !!!!. '... - 0&,W- A Ar !I a" A A Of ikk nig t4;.. -rO A 'NJ04- A IN W il-ni . " !, L"- - If, -SAKC At,% 84 it it 4;!.4 NJO5 T _Z4 't! r07' v& x A leA. Legends 'A 66 IC N 0 3 6km 4- -V *kIL .4 A OMA NJO5 Groundwater Monitoring Point and Its Nuinber .S Soil Monitoring rA v T3 .......... Point and Nwnber VF P Table 5.6-4 Monitoring resultsof sediment leachingtest No Location Total Total lead Total mercury Total Cr1+ Total cadmium chrome Total zinc Total nickel Total copper Cyanide Enterprises nearby arsenic W17 Shantang River 0.0267 No checkout 0.000178 0.004 0.004 0.161 0.056 No checkout 0.014 No checkout Electric plating plant W18 Shangtang River 0.0106 No checkout 0.000449 0.019 0.009 0.046 0.087 No checkout 0.032 No checkout / W19 Caixiangbang River 0.0253 No checkout 0.000042 0.012 0.004 0.030 0.040 No checkout 0.015 No checkout Sumsung electronic W20 Bailianbang River 0.0083 0.025 0.00131 0.010 0.004 0.016 0.150 0.002 0.034 No checkout Co., Ltd. W21 Dalonggang River 0.0126 No checkout 0.000176 0.009 0.009 0.256 0.068 No checkout 0.016 No checkout Textile mill, printing W22 and dyeing mill Xiaomiduqiao River 0.0101 No checkout 0.000202 0.011 0.004 0.152 0.069 0.009 0.026 No checkout Paint plant "IdentificationStandard for Hazardous Wastes -Identification for Extraction Procedure" 0.05 3 0.3 10 1.5 50 50 10 Toxicity"(GB5085.3-1996) 1.5 1.0 / Table 5.7-1 Monitoring results of groundwater quality Unit: mg/I Wuxi Wuli Lake Total Total dissoluble COD,,, NH3-N Volahle Cu Zn Hg As Cd Cr6 + Pb NJOI No.1 disposal site 243.2 495.5 0.84 0.03 <0.002 0.0014 <0.05 <0.0001 0.008 <0.0002 <0.004 <0.002 NJO2 No.2 disposal site 232.7 450 0.83 0.15 <0.002 0.0013 <0.05 <0.0001 0.007 <0.0002 <0.004 <0.002 NJO3 No.3 disposal site 235.8 459.5 1.18 0.04 <0.002 0.0013 0.053 <0.0001 0.008 <0.0002 <0.004 <0.002 Suzhou hardness Chloride CODM, NH3-N Volaybie heydro Fluoride Cyanide Hg As Cd Cr6+ Pb NJO4 Shangtang River 190 52.5 2 0.48 0.001 0.1 0.002 0.00002 0.003 0.001 0.002 0 NJO5 XujiangRiver 11.1 20.6 2.3 0.44 0.001 0.15 0.002 0.00003 0.021 0.002 0.002 0.01 NJO6 Sanjiaozui 172 34.6 1.6 0.50 0.001 0.07 0.002 0.00002 0.025 0.0001 0.002 0 (GB14848-1993) <450 1000 (3.0 A0.2 S0.1 1.0 ·1.0 ·0.0001 ·0.05 ·0.01 ·0.05 ·0.05 73 5.8 Outline of CurrentEcological Environment 5.8.1 Utilization and Development of Land Resource The total area of Suzhou and Wuxi city together was measured as 133.8 ha in 2000, the utilization status is shown in Figure 5-15 and summarized in Table 5.8-1. As can be seen in Figure 5-16, Tai Lake Basin is a highly man-made ecological system, 990/o of the area has been developed and utilized The water area in South .Jiangsu Province, which is concentrated by network of waterways, covers 39.43% of the land resource, and the plow land covers 35.820/o. With this feature, it is a combination between sight ofwatery region in south Yangtze River and farmland ecosystem. The area is short offorest resource, so garden plot and woodland account for only 6.67%, and most proportion ofthem is located in the Yili mountainous area and hills around the sides ofTai Lake. The urban and industrial utilization of land within Tai Lake Basin is constantly increasmg, growti rate of urban area of Suzhou from 1990 to 1995 went up by 13.6% per year on average, growth rate ofWuxi city was annually up at 3.6%. The plow land area tends to decrease with the economic development and the increase ofdevelopment zone. The plow land of Suzbou city annually reduces 1.8%/. on average, and that of Wuxi city is 0.8%. The rapid development of industry has resulted in the deterioration of water quality in Tai Lake, so this region has become an area short ofgood quality water. Table 5.81 Land utilization ofSuzhou and Wuxi Unit: 1Mie. ha Wuxi Suzhou Total Ara Perae (%) Aa Pecnta Area Pecnta ) Cultivated land 1,753.40 35.86 3,038.7373 35.80 4,792.1373 35.82 Garden plot 146.00 2.99 223.5468 2.63 369.5468 2.76 Woodland 416.00 8.51 106.5729 1.26 522.5729 3.91 Domestic & industrial uses 740.40 15.14 1,190.5444 14.03 1,930.9444 14.43 Land for traffic use 166.10 3.4 198.2724 2.34 364.3724 2.72 Water area 1,619.50 33.12 3,655.0325 43.06 5,274.5325 39.43 Unused land 48.263 0.99 75. 1 %6 0.89 123.3826 0.92 Total area 4,889.80 100 8,487.8259 100 13,377.6259 100 * Farmiand * Orchard ol Woodland , Domwstic andindustrial lmd = * Transport land * Waterarea * Unused land Figure 5-16 The lnd utilization of Suzijou and Wuxi 5.8.2 Wetland Resources Because the farming land creation in lakes in 1970s and construction of Tai Lake levee in 1980s, natural swamnp along Tai Lake region becomes less and less, swamp area in real sense is small at preset. The swamp is mainly scattered along eastern side of Tai Lake. One place is located in the south of Gaoqiao, Dongzhu town, to eastern part of east Tai Lake, covers an area of 7.79 square kilometers. Another place is beyond the north of Taipu River, Wujiang, and extending to the south of Songlin town, the length along the eastern side ofTai Lake is 18.9 kilometers, and the width is 2.88 kilometers. These two places of natural swamp are not listed in the directory of national natural swamp protection. Because of the importance of swamp zoology, our government laws have issued laws to protect the natural swamp resources, for example, "National Water Law" has definitely prohibited land reclaiming and blind reclamation. Tai Lake Basin is the famous watery region in China, swamp in this area mainly grows bulrush, water bamboo grass and other water plants, such as gordon euryale, lotus, pagodatree leaf duckweed and 74 duckweed, etc. Biocoenosis ofbulrush is unitary and without weed and plant diseases and insect pests, and it grows very well, which is a good place of breeding, inhabitation and ingestion for fish and birds. This project is at least 19.8 kilometers far away from the natural swamp. 5.8.3 CurrentStatus ofAquatic Ecosystem Environment Within Lake Tai Basin (1) Phytoplankton Monitonrng points of aquatic ecosystem are shown in Figure 5-17. According to the survey, there are 24 kinds of phytoplankton, among diatom, straight-chain diatom and cyanophyta is predominant species; Looking at the densities of phytoplankton, the plankton density in the two samples from Meiliang Lake (especially NHOI) is obviously higher than that in Wuli Lake and there are more species of phytoplankton. At entrances of incoming rivers of Wuli Lake (Caowangjin and Mali Gang), plankton density is obviously lower than points inside the lake. Refer to Table 5.8-2 for particular investigation results. Table 5.8-2 Species and density of phytoplankton Unit: number/L points Meiliang sub-lake Wuli sub-lake Species NHOI NHo2 NHO3 NH04 NH-105 NH-106 NI07 Changeable naked algae 76 156 105 105 63 0 0 Long vein fixed naked algae 114 63 39 0 0 0 0 Llyn celestial algae 38 63 105 105 0 0 0 Dust nicro-vesicle algae 228 63 1200 875 875 194 0 Hansijixingzao 1178 469 540 525 0 0 0 Lake quiver algae 38 94 160 35 94 0 0 Hydatidiform algae 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jianzhengganzao 532 78 70 0 465 150 Jiaoqiuzao 76 0 0 0 0 0 0 Particlemelosira 380 313 700 1330 1000 1317 1260 Kongqiuzao 152 31 0 0 0 0 0 Kusixiaohuanzao 38 0 740 455 94 0 0 Luanxingyinzao 140 31 78 140 125 78 0 Pingliezao 0 31 194 70 94 0 0 Water bloom patina micro-vesicle algae 0 31 78 175 94 0 0 Green micro-vesicle algae 684 156 540 385 31 310 330 Wang euglenophyceae 0 0 0 140 156 0 0 Xixiaopingliezao 114 0 0 0 0 0 0 Narrowparticlemelosira 2508 2063 1380 1645 1813 1356 930 Xiaohuayuxinzao 0 63 116 35 0 39 0 Small yellow silk algae 114 0 0 0 0 0 0 Smallyellowalgae 114 31 0 0 281 39 0 Zuixiaojiaoqiuzao 228 63 116 70 125 39 60 There no large species such as cladocerans in Meiliang Lake and Wuli Lake; in their place are 8 kinds of zooplankton that can withstand pollution, e.g. Mai vorticella, cultrate arm tail wheel worm and calyx arm tail wheel worm etc., in which calyx arm tail wheel worm is the dominant species. Spatial distribution of zooplankton has features consistent with phytoplankton, mainly reflected in high quantity and density in Meiliang Lake while lower in Wuli Lake. Distribution information of zooplankton and phytoplankton and their corresponding relations with water quality show that water quality of Meiliang Lake is better than that in Wuli Lake. No zooplankton has been detected in city rivers of Suzhou. (2)Zoobenthos Investigation shows that there are 6 types of zoobenthos in Wuli Lake, e.g. diptera larva, strepsiptera larva and bivalve etc. Main zoobenthos is medge larva, indicating serious organic pollution in the environment. Water pollution is serious in city rivers of Suzhou and no zoobenthos has been detected. (3) Large water plants From bank to center in Wuli Lake, main plants are reed-thorn culage community, reed-wild water bamboo community, water peanut community and water hyacinth community. There is no submerged vegetation in aquatic vegetation and floating plants & emergent aquatic plants are scarce. The increase of pollution withstanding community in zoobenthos reflects deterioration of Wuli Lake water quality. Absence of submerged plant, floating plant and emergent aquatic plant in Suzhou city rivers shows serious pollution of 75 this river course, which is no longer suitable for existence of aquatic lives. (4) Fish This basin is the major farming base of fresh water fish in China, there are 101 kinds of fish, of which, Tai Lake's Three Whites (white fish, white shrimp and whitebait), herring, grass carp, chub, cyprinoid, crucian, and eel are of economic values. Thanks to the development of economy in villages and towns, a great deal of industrial, agricultural, and domestic wastewater is discharged into the lake, water quality of watercourse goes worse, so Tai Lake's Three Whites becomes less and less over time. 5.8.4 CurrentStatus of Terrigenous Ecosystem 5.8.4.1 Current Status of Vegetation South Jiangsu province belongs to subtropical zone with dense water network, there are 141 families, 497 genera and 950 species, of which, there are 744 species of herbage foliage, 206 species of woody plants and bamboos. Among the woody plants, defoliation types account for 4/5, and there is a few varieties of fern. (1)Hills along the lake Vegetation of this basin area has developed into typical combination of defoliation and latifoliation in northern subtropical zone, such as poplar, chinaberry, acacia, mulberry, etc., manmade vegetation includes orange, waxberiy, tea leaf, etc. (2) River network in the plain Except the above-mentioned areas, the most proportion of plain area has been cultivated into fertile land, and the original natural vegetation had been replaced by manmade ones. The main crops in the farmland are rice, wheat, and cole, etc. The farming practice is in general mature twice in one year, paddy and wheat are grown up in turn. Economic crops are mat grass, Cigu, chufa, water chestnut, lotus root, etc. There exist more than ten protected species in Suzhou city, and please refer to Table 5.8-3 for further information. The species listed in this table are mainly distributed within Longchi mountain natural protection zone, Wu county Guanfu natural protection zone and Dongshan Zhehu natural protection zone. This project is 19.8km far away from these natural protection zones. According to the survey, within the boundary of this project, there is not any protected species listed in Table 5.8-3. Table 5.8-3 Protected species of city level and variations inSuzhou Protected species Protection class Variations Water shield I Nearly extinct Love pea tree II Nearly extinct Zelkova tree II Distinct reduction Cress I Distinct reduction Savory canphor tree II Distinct increase Gingko 11 Distinct increase 5.8.4.2 CurrentStatus of Animals The utilization of land resource in this area has reached to a very high extent. The large wild animals have been extinct in the research scope. The existing wild animals mainly include snakes and birds, which are living in the Yili mountainous area and natural protection zones and wetlands within the sides of Tai Lake. See Table 5.8-4 for protected species of birds. 76 N NHOI u *g' ' - NHO3 N1102* = IAA-NHO7 f. , ##Es s s~~~~~~~±s / I Vs #wb2a*tAjEINH06 A *18: ~~~~NH04 NHO4 i lWuli Lake Legend NHO5 Area ofEcological Restorafion ApfpW,i T 5 Liftoral area Shoreline after Retumning Fishery to Lake NHOIA Aquatic Ecolongical Manitoring w Points and Numbers Tis Figure 5-17 The Locationsof Aquatic Ecological Monitoring Points for WuliLake I Table 5.84 Municipal protected species of Suzhou and variation Description Protection Variation Description Description level Protection Variation level aato ecponlvlaatn ~~~~~~~~~~~~~level White stork I Sit increase Vulture I Bas. same Black stork I SI't increase Yanxun II Bas. same Chinese merganser I SI't increase Eurasian kestrel II Bas. same Tiger frog II SIt increase Hongjiaosun II Bas. same Anas poecilorhyncha 11 Sit increase Paizhenhe II SI't increase Yellow peck egret 11 SI't increase Linjiu II Bas. same Cygnet II Sl't increase Banoujiu II Bas. same Mandarin duck II SI't increase Liancibase 1 Bas. same Glede II SI't increase Songtouying I SI't increase Goshawk II Sl't increase Fengtoufengying II SIt increase Cifuying nI Sit increase Baiweiyao 1i Bas. same Queying II Si't increase Queyao II Bas. same Bred poultry and livestock mainly include pigs, buffalos, sheep, dogs, rabbits, chicken, ducks and geese etc., to certain scale. Investigation shows that there is no protected species above in construction site ofthis project, which will not be harned even in birds' migration period. 5.9 CurrentStatus of Relics Cultural relics and historic sites are the valuable fortune of a country, and symbol of a national culture. Our central government places much emphasis on the protection of cultural relics and historic sites, and has adopted corresponding protection measures. The cultural relics and historic sites within the research scope are listed in the directory of provincial or municipal relic protection items. Relic protection authorities at each level regularly clean the relics under their control, and monitor and eliminate the potential hazardous factors. Every relic is kept clean, and well and completely preserved. Three relic sites, namely, Hanshang Temple, Caiyun Bridge, and Hengtanyizhang, are distributed around the Water Control Scheme on Xujian and Shangtang Rivers. (1) Hanshan Temple It was called Fengqiao temple in old times, located in No.24, Hanshan temple lane, old Fengqiao town. Suzhou city. It was initially built in Liang Dynasty (502-509 A.D.), and the existing construction was rebuilt between year 32 in Guanxu (1906), Qing Dynasty and year 3 (1911) , Xuantong, Qing Dynast. It was completely mended and repaired twice in 1954 and 1978. The temple covers an area of 10,600 square meters, and was awarded the Provincial Cultural Relic Protection Location by the Jiangsu provincial government in March 1982. (2) Caiyun Bridge It is situated in the northern part of Hengtang villages and towns, Suzhou city, in the intersectional point of the Grand Canal and Xujiang River. Stone arch bridge with three holes, and it is 38 m long, 3.7 m wide, and its net gap is 8.5. In 1992, when the old canal was broadened, it was moved with the original structure to a place over Xujiang River nearby, and was awarded the Municipal Cultural Relic Protection Location by the Suzhou Municipal government in October 1982. (3) Hengtang Post It is also called post kiosk, which is located in the intersectional point of the northeast Grand Canal, in Hengtang villages and towns of outskirts of Suzhou city, and Xujiang River. It is a pavilion construction with single brim, shed turnup, and mini-tile cover, brim corner extending out of prop. It is 4.7m high, and its plane is longitudinal rectangle, and sits in direction of north south. This kiosk is the only left relic of ancient post kiosk along the Grand Canal, and was awarded the Provincial Cultural Relic Protection Location by the Jiangsu provincial government in March 1982. 77 Section 6 Prediction & Assessment of Environmental Impact during Construction Period 6.1 Analysis of Impact on Water Environment During Construction Period 6.1.1 Analysis of Impact of Domestic Wastewater Produced By Construction Personnel The temporary residences of the construction personnel of the river dredging component, polluted water control component at Suzhou and Loujiang Fuxing and Dongting WWTP (phase II) are mainly houses rented from local citizens in the vicinity, from where the domestic wastewater will be drained through the sewerage network into the WWTP (WWTP). Therefore, such wastewater will not affect the rivers in the vicinity of the project. The construction personnel of the remaining components all live in the work sheds and other makeshift residences and the domestic wastewater generated shall be treated through the temporary treatment facilities to meet the standard before it is discharged into waterways. The impact of the wastewater on the rivers around the construction sites is small because of low wastewater amount is only about 240 m3/d and scattering around Wuli lake. 6.1.2 Analysis of Impact of Wastewater Generated During Construction The wastewater generated during construction mainly consists of construction machinery flushing wastewater and construction site cleaning wastewater. Although the amount of such water is not so much, it contains a lot of silt and some greasy dirt. Since such wastewater insufficiently treated will affect the surface water environment of the area around the construction sites, the wastewater generated during the construction period shall not be discharged into rivers at random. Temporary WWTPs, including catchment tank, sedimentation tank, oil separation tank and drainage ditch, etc., shall be built to conduct classified collection of construction wastewater, treat it to the standard and then discharge it. And it is even more necessary for the construction machinery flush water with high oil content and other construction wastewater with high suspension content to be treated to reach the standard before being discharged. Such waste liquids as mortar and lime slurry shall be stacked in a centralized way and, when dry, being moved to the solid waste site together with solid wastes. 6.1.3 Analysis of Impact of Waterway Dredging, Gate Building and Embankment Rehabilitation on Water Environment The impact of waterway dredging and gate building on water environment is mainly reflected in secondary diffusion of suspension during construction. The impact of the lakeshore rehabilitation of the Wuli Lake at Wuxi on water environment is mainly reflected in increased turbidity of water bodies as a result of small amount of silt brought in during construction. The main machinery used for waterway dredging at Suzhou will be grab dredgers, which will cause suspension of waterway bottom sediments to different extents. For waterway gate building, after the construction cofferdam is built up, water need be drained and some silt will be brought by the water into the waterway. As far as the embankment rehabilitation of the Wuli Lake is concerned, slope embankment and vertical bulkhead wall structure will be built and, during the construction, small amount of silt will enter the water body to make the turbidity of water body increase. Comparison of the measurement data (refer to Table 6.1-1) between construction period and operation period for Wangyu River and Taipu River rehabilitation project shows that the suspension concentration in water body during the concentration period is 2.11-7.04 (average 4.275) times that during the operation period, indicating that the impact on turbidity of water body is very marked during the construction period. As the construction plan with no interruption of navigation will be used for the waterway dredging work, the construction procedure will be construction by sections and segments instead of launching in an all-round way. Therefore, the increase in turbidity of water body will be limited to some local areas in a short period and such adverse impact will disappear with the completion of construction. 78 Table 6.1-1 Water quality results of Wangyu River and Taipu River rehabilitation project Unit: mg/L River Cross-section Construction period SS Operation period SS SS ratio (construction/operation) Daqiaojiao New Bridge 84.5 14.5 5.83 WRangYU Ganlu Tuanjie Bridge 78.5 18.0 4.36 Xieshui Bridge 105 35.5 2.96 Taipu Pingwang Bridge 77.0 23.0 3.35 River Lili Bridge 80.0 38.0 2.11 Luxu Bridge 162.0 23.0 7.04 6.2 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Ambient Air Environment During Construction Period 6.2.1 Impact of flying dust Fiying dust will be produced when pavement excavated, sewrage network piped, site constructed and transported. Road flying dust is caused by multiple factors, which are mainly related to the speed of vehicles, wind velocity, as well as amount humidity of dust accumulation on the road surface. Among these factors, wind speed also has a direct influence on the transfer distance of fly dust. According to a analogous survey, during construction of Sutong Bridge, road flying dust at the construction site exceeded class II standard within the range of 80-120m on the leeward, flying dust at the spoiled soil area exceeded class II standard within the range of 100-150m on the leeward, and flying dust from the roads for transport of spoiled soil exceeded class II standard within the range of 30-60m on the leeward. Adoption of such measures as water spray can significantly mitigate the impact of flying dust from roads and spoiled soil areas on the environment. The test results of dust reduction by water spraying on construction roads are shown in Table 6.2-1. Table 6.2-1 Test results of dust reduction by water spraying on construction roads Unit: 3 mg/m Distance from road side (m) 0 20 50 100 200 TSP Withoutwaterspraymg 11.03 2.89 1.15 0.86 0.56 |Withwater spraying 2.11 1.40 0.68 0.60 0.29 6.2.2 Impact of Flying Dust from Materials Mixing Area The mixing process of such materials as three-slag, dust, concrete and so on will easily cause flying dust. According to a comparison survey between two mixing stations, the impact range of fly dust from concrete mixing mainly lies within 50m of the mixing machine. The ambient air beyond 200m from the mixing machine basically meets class II national standard. The atmospheric environment protected objects under the impact of fly dust are shown in Table 6.2-2. Table 6.2-2 Protected objects under impact of flying dust Distance from Component No. Sensitive objects Nature Location emission source (m) 2 Aquatic world sports & Scenic spot North of Wuli Lake 50 entertainment Company 3 Liyuan Garden Scenic spot North ofWuli Lake 150 Wuli Lake 4 Lakeside Hotel Hotel North ofWuli Lake 100 rehabilitation 6 New Town ofTaide Residents Northeast ofWuli Lake 150 component 7 Garden Grand Hotel Hotel Southwest ofWuli Lake 150 8 Oriental Aquatics World Scenic spot South ofWuli Lake 80 9 Yuantouzhu Scenic Spot Scenic spot Southwest ofWuli Lake 100 10 Baojie Bridge Cultural relic Center ofWuli Lake 50 16 Natural village at Tanggengxiang Residents East of lifting pump station at 100 Anzhen Yangiian Town WWTP 17 Natural village at Xiheguan Residents South of lifting pump station at 80 Houqiao Town Suzhou North side ofsluice gate for 20 polluted water northern branch of Xujiang River control 19 Residential area Residents Southern side of temporary spoiled soil disposal site at intersection of 10 West Ring R. and Shuangqiao R. 79 Distance from Component No. Sensitive objects Nature Location emission source (m) 20 Residential quarters at Jiangfeng Residents Northwest side of navigation lock 70 Garden at Shangtang River Note: The numbers in this Table are the same as those in the listof protected objects for atmospheric &acoustic environment protection (Table 1.8.2). 6.2.3 Impact of Sediment Dredging A analogous survey of the sites of sediment dredging of the Qingan River at Huai'an, Jiangsu shows that, under the construction condition of zero flow in the river, the impact scope of NH3 and H2S within 150m of the construction site. Impact level varies with distance to dredging rivers. See Table 6.2-3 for Odor strength level at downward of wind direction. Table 6.2-3 Odor strength levels Distance to dredging rivers Odor strength by nosing Pollution level 0-40 Unbearable Heavy 40-80 Obvious Modest 80-150 Light Light >150 Nothing Nonpollution The impact scope of Suzhou river network dredging is 150 m according to analogical analysis. There are no schools and hospitals within 150 m range of dredging rivers except residential areas which may be influenced by odor. The ambient air environment protected objects under the impact of odor are shown in Table 6.2-4. Table 6.2-4 Protected objects under impact of odor Distance to Odor strength Component No. Sensitive objects Nature Location dredging level rivers (in) 24 Sanyuan Village No. 3 Residents West side of Fenghuang Stream 120 Light 25 Residential area Residents North side ofShangtang River 100 Light 26 Old residential area Residents West side of Flow converging 20 Heavy reach of Qingiie River 27 Xingxi New Village & Residents South side ofWujing Creek 40 Heavy Suzhou Renan New Village river 28 Residential area Residents North side of east end of 30 Heavy dredging Shangtang River 30 Residential area Residents South bank of east end of 80 Modest Shangtang River 31 Xujiang New Village Residents South side of Henglou Creek 60 Modest 32 Fuxin Residential Quarter Residents North side of Xianrendagang 40 Heavy & Youlian New Village Note: The numbers in this Table are the same as those in the protected objects table of the ambient air &noise environment (Table 1.7-2). 6.3 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Noise Environment During Construction Period The attenuation with distance of noises generated by such construction machinery as pile drivers, concrete mixers, trucks and bulldozers, which is predicted using the point-source noise attenuation formula, is shown in Table 6.3-1. As can be known from the table, without considering the noise background values, the construction machinery exceeds the noise standard within a range of 50m during daytime and still reaches the construction noise limits beyond 200m during the night (with operation of pile drivers forbidden). Refer to Table 6.3-2 for the acoustic environment protected objects under the impact of construction noises. The protected objects within the distance of 50m in the table are impacted by construction noises of daytime and those within the distance of 200m are impacted by construction noises ofnighttime. 80 Table 6.3-1 Attenuation of noise from main construction equipment Unit: dB(A) Distance (m) 10 50 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 Pile driver 105 91 85 81.5 79 77 75.5 73 71 69.4 Concrete mixer 81 67 61 57 55 53 51 49 47 45 Immersion concrete vibrator 73 59 53 49 47 45 43 41 39 37 Hydraulic excavator 80 66 60 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 Truck crane 78 64 58 54 52 50 48 46 44 42 Truck 80 66 60 56 54 52 50 48 46 44 Bulldozer 76 62 56 52.5 50 48 46.5 44 42 40.4 1-type dredger Power driven 52.5 38.5 32.5 29 26.5 24.5 23 20.5 18.5 16.9 0.3* Diesel driven 59.5 45.5 39.5 36 33.5 31.5 30 27.5 25.5 23.9 lI-type dredger Power driven 54.5 40.5 34.5 31 28.5 26.5 25 22.5 20.5 18.9 0.5* Diesel driven 61.5 47.5 41.5 38 35.5 33.5 32 29.5 27.5 25.9 Table 6.3-2 Protected objects under impact of construction noise City Component No. Sensitive objects Nature Location Distance (m) I Tai Lake Aojia Garden Hotel North ofWuli Lake 200 2 Aquatic world sports & Scenic spot North ofWuli Lake 50 entertainment Company 3 Liyuan Garden Scenic spot North ofWuli Lake 150 Wuli lake 4 Lakeside Hotel Hotel North of Wuli Lake 100 rehabilitation 5 Tai lake mountain villa Holiday village Northeast ofWuli Lake 200 6 New Town ofTaide Residents Northeast ofWuli Lake 150 7 Garden Grand Hotel Hotel Southwest ofWuli Lake 150 Wuxi 8 Oriental Aquatics World Scenic spot South ofWuli Lake 80 9 Yuantouzhu Scenic Spot Scenic spot Southwest ofWuli Lake 100 10 Baojie Bridge Cultural relic Center ofWuli Lake 50 14 Nanditian village Residential area Northeast side 180 15 Xiaolushu village Residential area Northwest side 200 Anzhen 16 . . East of lifting pump station at 100 WWTP 16 Tanggengxiang village Residential area Yangiian Town 17Xihetou village Residential area South of lifting pump station at 80 Houqiao Town North side of sluice gate for 20 northern branch of Xujiang River Southern side oftemporary 19Residential area Residential areaSotesieftmpry Suzhou spoiled soil disposal site at 10 polluted water crossover ofWest Ring R. and control Shuangqiao R. 20 Residential quarters at Residential area Northwest side of navigation lock 70 Jiangfeng Garden at Shangtang River 24 Sanyuan Village No. 3 Residential area West side of Fenghuang Stream 120 25 Residential area Residential area North side ofShangtang River 100 Suzhou 26 Old residential area Residential area West side of Flow converging 20 reach of Qingjie River 27 Xingxi New Village & Residential area South side ofWujing Creek 40 Suzhou river Renan New Village dredging 28 Residential area Residential area North side of east end of 30 Shangtang River 30 Residential area Residential area South bank of east end of 80 Shangtang River 31 Xujiang New Village Residential area South side of Henglou Creek 60 32 Fuxin Residential Quarter Residential area North side ofXianrendagang 40 &Youlian New Village Loujiang 33 Rest house Residential area North side 200 WWTP Note: The numbering in this Table is the same as in the list of protected objects of atmospheric & acoustic environment protection (Table 1.8.2). 81 6.4 Analysis of Impact for Sanjiaozui Sludge Disposal Site on Environment 6.4.1 Impact of Sludge Disposal Site on Groundwater In Suzhou area, there are 3 layers groundwater: shallow groundwater (normally 5-6 m deep), second layer confined water (45-60 m deep) and third layer confined water (120 m deep). Quality of shallow layer groundwater is poor since it comes from surface water. Normally, industrial water and living water use second or third layer confined water instead of shallow groundwater for this reason. Due to ever growing ground submergence caused by over use of groundwater, Suzhou municipal government has banned use of groundwater. Based on analysis of the geologic data for Shiziyang River Guotai Bridge Project, the stratum within the area of Suzhou Sanjiaozui Sludge Disposal Site is divided into 8 layers from the top to the bottom. The information on different soil layers is shown in Table 6.4-1. It can be seen from the table that there are 5.0m deep clay and loam below surface plain fill while designed bottom elevation of sludge disposal site is 1.5m and surface elevation is 4.5 m. Therefore, there are 3.6 m thick of clay and loam below bottom of sludge disposal site. According to survey information of this region, impermeability factor of clay is 10-7_10-8 cm/s and impermeability factor loam is 10-5 cm/s. The probability is very small that the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc in the sludge wastewater will infiltrate into the shallow or deep layer groundwater through the 2nd and 3rd clay layers. Therefore, sediment wastewater has small impact on groundwater. Table 6.4-1 Geological data of shiziyang river guotai bridge project No Soil layer Bottom Depth of Description of rock/soil depth layer 1 Plain filling 1.6 1.6 Gray to grayish yellow, soft, containing plant rootstalk, mixed with small amount ofbroken brick pieces, mainly clayed soil.. 2 Clay 3.7 2.2 Grayish yellow, hard-soft plastic*, containing ferromanganese spots* with caesious stripes. 3 Lam 6.5 2.8 Gray to grayish yellow, soft plastic, containing ferrous oxidized spots*, with sandy loam in the lower part. 4 Loam 12.6 6.0 Grayish yellow to gray, slightly- medium dense, containing mica chips. 5 Silt 18.5 6.0 Gray, medium dense --dense, with small amount of thin lam layer, containing mica chips. 6 Lamn 19.8 1.3 Gray, soft -fluid plastic, with thin layer of loam. 7 Clay 25.3 5.5 Dark green -2yellowish brown, hard plastic, with small amount of rotten plant, containing ferromanganese nodules. 8 Lam 28.7 3.42Grayish yellow, soft plastic, with caesious stripes, containing ferpous oxidized spots. 6.4.2 Impact of Effluent Discharge from Sludge Disposal Site on Surface Water The slurry drained from waterway dredging into the sludge disposal site normally contains around 5 0 0 /o-60% solids. After a certain period of natural settlement and evaporation, most of the mud will be separated from water and the surface water separated will be discharged through the effluent outlet. Although the mud and water are separated, the effluent discharged from the sludge disposal site still contains SS of high concentration. This SS will diffuse in receiving water. 2-dimensional steady state mixed mode is used to calculate the impact of effluent discharge on the waterway. Effluent of sludge disposal site is discharged to Yuanhetang River through a channel in the east of Sanjiaozui which is about 5 km long, 15m to 20m wide, 2.5 m deep and velocity of 0.01 m/s. Calculation shows that SS concentration increase is already very small at 400m from sludge disposal site, hence impact of sludge disposal site tailwater discharge on river course is limited in 400m and certain effect is possible on local water area. 6.4.3 Impact of Soil Erosion on Sludge Disposal Site The spoil and sediment of the rehabilitation component of this project will sum up to 1.37 Million m3 . In the sediment disposal site, the soil layer is exposed and the soil texture is loose, with week erosion resistance. The probability of soil erosion is very high at a rainfall. Calculation shows that, without any protection of the spoiled soil disposal site, the soil erosion can come up to strong erosion. In order to mitigate the impact of soil erosion, it is already considered to plant trees and grasses and build water drainage trenches in the spoiled soil disposal site. 82 6.4.4 Impact of Sanjiaozui Sludge Disposal Site on Fishery Sanjiaozui sludge disposal site is a temporary occupation land will last for 2 years. The land is afforestation land that will develop as ecological garden and base of flowers and trees of Suzhou in future. The sludge disposal will change the function of Sanjiaozui fishery, and neighbour fish ponds will impact by the sludge disposal site as result of pollutants leak through balk, but the impact will be decreased to the lowest after corresponding measures have been taken. 6.4.5 Sediment disposal program (1) To avoid pollution of groundwater and surrounding fish ponds by sludge, anti-seepage treatment shall be carried out for bottom of sludge disposal site and surrounding area before piling sludge and this anti-seepage layer can use manually compacted clay to prevent downward and side seepage into groundwater or fish ponds. (2) Suitable measures (neutralization method) shall be taken to control light pollution of groundwater, surface water, nearby fish ponds and lower soil by zinc and lead in dredged sludge, i.e. suitable addition of lime in sludge or mixing high pH soil with dredged sludge, so that heavy metal zinc and lead is transformed to metal hydroxide with low transport and toxicity and difficult to dissolve, so as to reduce pollution. pH value of dredged sludge in this project is normally above 7.5, hence mixing of dredged alkali sludge with sludge polluted by heavy metal zinc to reduce pollution. (3) After the construction is completed, the sediment disposal site shall be covered with earth and flattened. During such covering and flattening work, trenches shall be made for drainage and side slopes shall be protected to avoid loss of soil and water. The sediment disposal site covered and flattened shall be built into a plantation land. (4) The effluent from the sediment disposal site should be treated with plant purifying & isolating belt and coagulating sedimentation (by adding coagulant to increase settling velocity of particle), to ensure that the effluent discharged from the sediment disposal site will reach the discharge standard. Common waaterrthacinth is considered to be selected for the plant purifying and isolating belt. It should be planted on the water surface of the sediment disposal site to accelerate settlement of silt and promote purification of water. (5) In order to reduce the SS concentration of effluent form the sediment disposal site, horizontal* separating barriers may be added in the middle ofthe sediment disposal site to facilitate separation of water and accelerate settlement of silt in the water body. Water containing silt shall be retained in the sediment disposal site for as long time as possible and, when necessary, the elevation of the effluent outlet overflow surface should be raised on condition that the design requirements of the sediment disposal site are satisfied. (6) If heavy metal contents of the sediment are found to exceed "Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Procedure Toxicity (GB5085.3-1996)" by leaching tests, it will be excluded from the current dredging program. Under the current technical levels and capability, as well as the lack of hazardous waste treatment and disposal facility in Suzhou, the hazardous sediment had better not be disturbed which would have less environmental impacts than dredging which would cause technical difficulties in retaining the heavy metals from releasing to the river during dredging and final sediment disposal. When Suzhou builds its hazardous waste disposal center in 2006 as currently scheduled, dredging of hazardous sediment may be re-considered then. 6.5 Analysis of Impact on Ecological Environment During Construction Period 6.5.1 Analysis of Impact on Ecological Environment of Water Area During Construction Period The waterway dredging and the lakeshore rehabilitation of the Wuli Lake will lead to generation of suspensions in local water body and change in dissolved oxygen, which will impact the eco-system of water areas. But the Suzhou'S waterways to be dredged are seriously polluted, with no benthos, emerging plants or submerged plants detected. * The current pollution of the waterways entering the Wuli Lake is also quite heavy. In these waterways, there are not many species of aquatic organisms, with all the phytoplankton belonging to indicator species in significantly polluted water area and the water plants being mainly alligator alternanthera, common waaterrthacinth and other floating plants. Therefore, the construction will not have much impact on the aquatic organism species. 6.5.2 Analysis of Impact on Ecological Environment of Land Area During Construction Period construction flow should be designed properly and impact will be mitigated. In addition, the adverse impact will be canceled after construction period. 6.6.2 Impact on Quality of Life of Local Residents Considering removal of houses and occupation of land for the Project, the noise pollution generated by Table 7.1-2 Analysis of CODM. simulated concentration of rivers around Tai Lake Unit: mg/L i iver Scenarios Scenarios Improvement Scenarios Scenarios Improvement Scenarios lInprovemnent City mm mmm Al I mmmmmmmmm ) AOI All l mmmmm mmmAAA) _ Table 7.1-5 Analysis of TP simulated concentration of rivers around Tai Lake Unit: mg/L No. City River Scenarios Scenarios Inprovement Scenarios Scenarios Inprovement Scenarios Improvement No. City AO Al rate (%) AOI Al l rate (%) A2 rate (%) 1 Dapugang 0.15 0.15 0.00 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.12 25.00 2 Guandugang 0.18 0.18 0.00 0.2 0.2 0.00 0.14 30.00 3 Wuxi Shedugang 0.14 0.14 0.00 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.11 31.25 4 Hengtang 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.25 0.25 0.00 0.17 32.00 5 Yincungang 0.11 0.11 0.00 0.12 0.12 0.00 0.09 25.00 6 Caoqian 0.16 0.16 0.00 0.23 0.23 0.00 0.16 30.43 7 Changzhou Yapugang 0.29 0.29 0.00 0.39 0.39 0.00 0.25 35.90 8 Wujingang 0.26 0.26 0.00 0.37 0.36 2.70 0.23 37.84 9 Zhihugang 0.41 0.38 7.32 0.58 0.56 3.45 0.21 63.79 10 Liangxi 0.22 0.17 22.73 0.26 0.2 23.08 0.11 57.69 11 Wuxi Maligang 0.32 0.3 6.25 0.42 0.39 7.14 0.1 76.19 12 Lihe 0.33 0.31 6.06 0.38 0.35 7.89 0.13 65.79 13 Miaoqian 0.38 0.32 15.79 0.43 0.36 16.28 0.18 58.14 - Suzhou Huguang 0.05 0.04 20.00 0.05 0.04 20.00 0.04 20.00 15 Xujiang 0.02 0.01 50.00 0.02 0.01 50.00 0.01 50.00 The following can be known from Table 7.1-2-7.1-5: (1) For such 6 waterways as Dapugang, Shedugang, Guandugang, Hengtang, Yingcungang that enter the Lake on the western side of the Tai Lake within the territory of Wuxi and such 2 waterways as Yapugang and Wujingang that enter the lake within the territory of Changzhou (No.1-8), the CODm, simulated concentrations are substantially the same, showing that implementation of the 6 WWTP components will not affect the water quality of those 8 waterways entering the lake. As the 6 WWTP components are all located on the east side of Tai Lake, improvement of the water quality will not affect those waterways entering the lake on the western side of the Tai Lake. (2) For the 5 waterways Zhihugang, Liangxi, Maligang, Lihe and Miaoqiao (No. 9-13) around Tai Lake within the territory of Wuxi and Huguang, Xujaing river within the territory of Suzhou, simulated concentrations with the WWTP project implemented show some improvement compared with those without the project, the maximum improvement up to 20%, indicating that implementation of the 6WWTP components will decrease pollutants amount entering into the rivers around Tai Lake and improve the water quality of those 7 waterways within the territory ofWuxi and Suzhou. (3) The simulated concentrations of CODm,, under Scenario A2 (108 WWTPs has been built up in 2010) for the 15 waterways entering the Tai Lake may reach Category III-IV, the concentrations of NH3-N may reach Category IV-V, the concentrations of BOD5 and TP may reach Category III, compared with that under Scenario AO (without any WWTPs in 2010), showing that implementation of all WWTPs within Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou in the Tai Basin will significantly raise the wastewater interception capacity, markedly improve the water quality of the waterways around the Tai Lake, and finally improve water quality of the Tai Lake. 7.1.1.4 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Main Waterways in the River Network of Wuxi & Suzhou Refer to Table 7.1-6-7.1-9 and Figure 7-2-7-4 for the mean annual simulated concentration of CODm,, and improvement in the river network within the Wuxi & Suzhou under scenario AOl, All A2, (Refer to Annexed Figure 7-1 - 7-20 for the mean annual concentration ofvarious items). 89 No. City River Scenarios Scenarios Inprovement Scenarios Scenarios Improvement Scenarios Improvement AO Al rate (%) AOl All rate (%) A2 rate (%) 31 North Waicheng 0.27 0.26 3.70 0.34 0.33 2.94 0.14 58.82 32 West Waicheng 0.46 0.32 30.43 0.52 0.38 26.92 0.14 73.08 33 South Waicheng 0.63 0.4 36.51 0.68 0.46 32.35 0.14 79.41 34 East Waicheng 0.61 0.39 36.07 0.66 0.45 31.82 0.14 78.79 35 Loujiang * 0.58 0.44 24.14 0.64 0.49 23.44 0.23 64.06 36 Suzhou Xietang 0.3 0.28 6.67 0.39 0.37 5.13 0.14 64.10 37 Wusong River 0.79 0.46 41.77 0.83 0.52 37.35 0.15 81.93 38 WangyuRiver 0.16 0.14 12.50 0.2 0.17 15.00 0.09 55.00 39 Taipu River 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.04 20.00 0.03 40.00 40 Incoming rivers of 0.44 0.33 25.00 0.5 0.39 22.00 0.15 70.00 Yangcheng Lake* The following can be known from Table 7.1-6-7.1-9: (1) In the Grand Canal reaches within Wuxi and within Suzhou (No. 16-23), with the exception of a few segments receiving effluent that show increased concentration in the water quality, the simulated concentration under scenario with WWTPs in 2000 and 2010 less than that under scenario without WWTPs, especially the waterways within the wastewater catchments of WWTPs (No.24-37), maximum improvement rate up to 40%. (2) A comparison between Scenario A2 with 108 WWTPs in 2010 and Scenario AOl without WWTPs shows that the improvement rate reach 70%. It further indicates that improvement of the water quality of the Tai Basin relies on reduction of total load of pollutants, adoption of wastewater interception measures, and operation of the 108 WWTPs in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou. Under the calculation condition of Scenario A2, the simulated concentrations of CODm. for most rivers within Wuxi and Suzhou can basically reach Category IV; that of BOD5 for rivers within Wuxi and Suzhou can reach Category IV; that of NH3-N and TP for most rivers within Wuxi and Suzhou can reach Category IV-V So the current water quality will be greatly improved thereafter. 92 47 ¾> /:rt; A ~- ~ ~ ~ ~ - '~~~~~~~,r- join /o <- w.P._s--~3---C -7 N4*> - , .. b~~. *I ~,. ' - a, *,~ - ~~~~!f 4 _" ,L. :-'- A. _. ,i ~ ~ ~ '- _ ~ rn, .. / t1-- - * 'J. f'en '.nr A-~~- .- ¢ '4: <~~~~~~~- '_\(-s8 jr, e,S,SA,=, Fgr7-4 Mea anua conan. alie of, .ODwit 10 WWrPs; in 201 (sceari _, +| w. t t . Xk- i '')93- To sum up, the water quality ofthe waterway network ofSuzhou &Wuxi'will be much more improved after completion and putting into operation ofthe 6 WWTPs. A comparison between Scenario AO and Scenario Al shows that worse than Category V water will drop from the original 16% ofthe total length ofrivers to 11.5%, while Category V water will grow from 30.9% to 33.6% and Category 1IU water from 1.9% to 3.7%/6. There will be a marked growth in various indicators ofwater quality over those prior to the Project. After all the 108 WWTPs are completed and put mito operation, there will be much greater miprovement in the water quality ofthe river network ofSuzhou &Wuxi. A comparison between Scenario AOl and Scenario A2 shows that worse than Category V water will drop to 3.12%, Category IV water will grow to 64.92%r, and Category HIl water will grow to 11.2%. Please refer to Table 7.1-10 and Figure 7-5 for details. Table 7.1-10 Percentage of waterways with various water clsses inSuzhou &Wuxiwrr network Water category Scenario AO Scenario Al Scenario AOl Scenario All Scenario A2 n 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 111 1.92 3.66 0.00 0.00 11.24 IV 30.94 33.63 20.30 37.31 64.92 V 50.79 50.88 19.66 28.41 20.40 WorsethanV 16.03 11.51 59.73 33.97 3.12 Pucuttce%) 70 60 *cnc 50 CUM m 40 Om*lv 30 _ *cas V 20 _ __ *WO to Chu v 10 _ 0 _ Eu AO Al AOI All A2 Scu,aio Fgre 7-5 Paurtage of rivs with various classes (COD%A inSuiou &Wuxi river network 7.1.1.5 Prediction andAssessment of Impact on WaterEnvironment Protected Objects The following can be known from mentioned above Table: (I) Wangyu River, Taipu River (No. 38 and 39) and incoming river of Yangcheng Lake (No. 40) are protected objects of this project, the simulated concentrations under scenario with WWVTs of which are as less than concentrations under scenarios without WWTPs, indicating that it will improve water quality of water flowing into Wangyu River, Taipu river and Yangcheng lake after implementabon of the 6 WWTPs under this Project as well as water quality of them. It also will benefit the water quality of westen Yangcheng lake which is a water supply source. (2). As the simulated concentrations in some rivers around the Tai Lake will be improved after implementation of the 6 WWTPs, the water quality of Tai Lake will be improved. It can be known from results simulated by DHI (for details see table 7.1-11 and 7.1-12) that simulated concentration ofMeiliang lake, Gong lake and Zhushan lake under the scenarios (Al, A11, A2) with WWTPs all less than that under scenarios (AO, AOI) without WWTPs in 2000 and 2010. Wasteload will be reduced and the maxiinm improvement rate up to 46.2%. Therefore, implementation ofthis Project will have benefits on the source water quality ofthe water enviromnent protected objects Meiliang Lake, Gong Lake, East Tai Lake and so on. 94 Table 7.1-11 The average annual simulated concentrations of Tat Lake undervarious scenarios Unit: mg/L Tai Lake body Scenario Scenario Improvement Scenario Scenario Improvement Scenario Improvement Item Tal Lake body AO Al rate (%) AOl All rate (%) A2 rate (%) Meiliang lake 5.80 4.61 20.52 6.40 4.50 29.69 1.40 78.13 BOD5 Gong lake 3.00 2.70 10.00 3.30 2.87 13.03 1.95 40.91 Zhushan lake 6.10 6.10 0.00 8.10 8.07 0.37 4.50 44.44 Meiliang lake 0.032 0.029 9.38 0.042 0.037 11.90 0.032 23.81 Chl-a Gong lake 0.01 0.009 10.00 0.013 0.013 0.00 0.012 7.69 Zhushan lake 0.05 0.005 90.00 0.067 0.067 0.00 0.064 4.48 Meiliang lake 0.14 0.108 22.86 0.17 0.135 20.59 0.091 46.47 TP Gong lake 0.06 0.053 11.67 0.08 0.072 10.00 0.042 47.50 Zhushan lake 0.21 0.209 0.48 0.22 0.22 0.00 0.15 31.82 Meiliang lake 4.40 4.22 4.09 5.00 4.80 4.00 3.30 34.00 TN Gong lake 2.20 2.15 2.27 2.50 2.40 4.00 2.20 12.00 Zhushan lake 4.70 4.70 0.00 5.00 5.00 0.00 4.50 10.00 Table 7.1-12 The wasteloads of Tai Lake undervarious scenarios Unit: t/a Item Scenario Scenario Improvement Scenario Scenario Inprovement Scenario Improvement Item AO Al rate (%) AOl All rate (%) A2 rate (%) BOD5 42,584 40,111 5.80 51,660 47,570 7.92 27,791 46.2 TP 1,380 1,335 3.26 1,547 1,484 4.07 1,068 30.96 TN 26,867 26,533 1.24 28,923 28,490 1.50 24,658 14.75 (3) As the effluent discharge outfall of Loujiang WWTP Component is located in Loujiang river 500m downstream of the interjunction between Loujiang River and Fenghuangjing-an incoming river of Jinji Lake, such component will not impact Jinji Lake. Due to wasteload interception of Loujiang WWTP, pollutants entering into Jinji lake will be decreased obviously, it will do improve water quality of Jinji lake. Considering that reciprocal flow may happen in Loujiang, the effluent of Loujiang WWTP may impact water quality of Jinji lake sometime. 7.1.1.6 Impact to Receiving Rivers An one-dimensional steady model was applied in the EA to simulate the degradation of pollutants from the effluent in the receiving rivers. The model used expected effluent flow and pollutant concentrations under both normal operation and emergency (treatment facility malfunction) conditions, and actual river hydraulic and water quality conditions The modeling results show that the impacted length of the receiving river by CODc, discharged from 6 WWTPs varies from 1,000 m to about 10,800 m under normal conditions and up to 30,000 m by the accidential discharges (Table 7.1-13). It can be known from Table 7.1-13 that effluent from WWTPs will produce pollution zone under the normal conditions, but the impact is acceptable. Due to Wuyu river which diverts water from Yangtze river to Tai Basin at the downstream of receiving water body of Dongting and Anzhen WWTPs, there will be substantial impacts on this river under the emergency conditions. Therefore accidental discharges should be avoided and management should be strengthened. Table 7.1-13 Impact length of effluent from WWTPs WwTP Capacity Receiving Impact length (m) Explanation (I,000 m3/d) water body Normal Emergency (Function division of receiving water body is category IV) Xinxingtang The concentration at end cross-section of pollution zone is Dongting 5.0 XmJxingug 5,500 27,000 category IV under normal and category V under emergency, it will do impact on Wangyu river. The concentration increment at end cross-section of Huishan 5.0 Xibei canal 3,760 11,300 pollution zone is zero under normal and 3.25 mg/L under emergency. The concentration increment at end cross-section of Anzhen 2.0 Shengtang 1,000 4,000 pollution zone is less than 1.0 mg/L under normal and emergency, and do impact on Wangyu river. The concentration at end cross-section ofpollution zone is Loujiang 14.0 Loujiang 10,800 15,300 category IV under normal and a little worse than category IV under emergency. 95 WWTP Capacity Receiving Inpact length (m) Explanation (1,000 m3 /d) water body Nornal Emergency (Function division ofreceiving water body is category IV) Fucing 18.0 Grand canal 3,200 6,300 The concentration at end cross-section of pollution zone is category IV under normal and category V under emergency. The concentration increment at end cross-section of Wuzhong 2.5 Grand canal 2,000 30,000 pollution zone is less than 1.0 mg/L under normal and emergency. 7.1.2 Impact of Suzhou Polluted Water Control Component on Water Environment 7.1.2.1 Prediction Scenarios Refer to Table 7.1-14 for the Prediction scenarios. Table 7.1-14 Prediction scenarios for Suzhou polluted water control component Scenario Regulating scheme No. Xujiang Shangtang River ship Water diversion from Xitang Condition of pollutant sources lock River BO Open Open No diversion Existing pollutant sources Bl Open Open No diversion Additional domestic sewage discharged by staff managing the gates B2 Open Open No diversion Water quality of the Grant Canal being poor, with existing pollutant sources B3 Close Close 24m3/s Water quality of the Grant Canal being deteriorated, with additional domestic sewage discharged by staff managing the gates 7.1.2.2 Prediction and Assessment of Waterway Flow The result of waterway flow calculation is shown in Table 7.1-15 (refer to Annexed Table 7-2 for the simulated annual average flow). It can be seen that: under the condition of no water diversion, the gates at Shangtang River Ship Lock and Xujiang hub will be closed and the water from the Grant Canal will not be distributed into Xujiang River and Shangtang River, resulting in increased flow of the Grand Canal downstream of the cross with Shangtang River and Xujiang River while decreasing flow in Xujiang River, Shangtang River and Waicheng River. Thus, when the quality of water coming from upstream of Suzhou reach of the Grant Canal is poor, the pollution impact of such water on the waterways in the Waicheng River via Shangtang River and Xujiang River may be mitigated. Table 7.1-15 Analysis of waterway flow calculation results Condition Gate closed versus Flow increment (m3/s), Percentage ofincrease at gate gate opened, without F alo B0-B4) closed over gate opened, water diversion (scenaro without water diversion (/) Downstream ofinterijunction between Flow increase 0.096 1.39 the Grant Canal and Shangtang River Downstream ofinterijunction between Flow increase 0.208 2.46 the Grant Canal and Shangtang River Shangtang River Flow decrease -0.89 -14.38 Xujiang River Flow decrease -0.133 -3.21 Waicheng River, north Flow decrease -0.98 -13.55 Waicheng River, east Flow decrease -0.292 -13.74 Waicheng River, south Flow decrease -0.434 -5.98 Waicheng River, west Flow decrease -0.858 -21.83 Note: The minus "-" in the table indicates that the flow with gate closed is less than that withgate opened. 7.1.2.3 Prediction and Assessment of Waterway Water Quality The improvement magnitude of CODN, simulated concentration is as shown in Table 7.1-16 (refer to Annexed Table 7-3 for the CODm, simulated concentration of waterways). 96 Table 7.1-16 Analysis of waterway CODM. simulated concentration Unit: mg/L Improvement I Improvement 2 Improvement 3 Description ofwaterways and cross-sections IpoeetI hpoeet2 Inrvmn Scenarios BO-BI Scenarios B2 B3 - Scenarios B2 - B4 Jinfeng Canal Bridge downstream of interjunction 0.00 -0.04 2.27 between the Grand Canal and Shangtang River Light & chemical industry warehouse downstream of -0.25 0.11 interjunction between the Grand Canal and Xujiang Rive 0.00 Guangji Bridge over Shangtang River 0.00 0.48 0.95 Tairang Bridge over Xujiang River 0.00 -0.34 0.05 Waicheng River, north 0.00 0.77 -0.49 Waicheng River, east 0.00 3.12 -1.79 Waicheng River, south 0.00 0.21 0.33 Waicheng River, west 0.00 0.20 0.38 The following can be known from Table 7.1-16: The water simulated concentrations of Shangtang River and Xujiang River in scenarios BO and BI are the same, indicating that the domestic sewage discharged by the management staffs of Shangtang River Ship Lock and Xujiang Hydrojunction has little impact on the surrounding water bodies. Considering the function of the polluted water control gate and worse water quality of the Grand Canal at upstream of Suzhou, the scenarios for closed gate with and without water diversion (i.e. scenarios B3 and B4) are designed and compared respectively with the scenario for opened gate without water diversion (i.e. scenario B2). (1) Comparison between scenarios B3 and B4 shows that, under the condition of closed gate with water diversion, the water quality of the entire Waicheng River of Suzhou is improved, with maximum CODMn decrement up to 3.12mg/L; the water quality of Shangtang River is improved to some extent under the effect of water diversion, with CODmn decrement as of 0.48mg/L; but the water quality of Xujiang River is somewhat degraded under the effect of gate closing and as the river is farther from the water diversion waterway, with the CODMn increment as of 0.34mg/L. The water quality in the waterway of the Grand Canal downstream of Suzhou is worse, with the CODmn increment up to 0.25mg/L. (2) Comparison between scenario B4 and B2 shows that, under the condition of closed gate without water diversion, the water quality in Shangtang River and Xujiang River is improved under the effect of pollutant blocking by closing of gate, with the maximum CODmn decrement up to 0.95mg/L; and the water quality of the western and southern lines of Waicheng River is also improved to some extent under the influence of improved water quality in Shangtang River and Xujiang River, with the maximum CODm, decrement up to 0.38mg/L. Under the water blocking effect of the polluted water control gate, the flow of waterway downstream of Suzhou is increased, resulting in greater self-decontamination capability of the waterway and improved water quality, with the maximum CODh, decrement coming up to 2.27mg/L; and the flow of the north and east lines of Waicheng River is decreased and water quality deteriorated, with CODmn increment up to 1.79mg/L. To sum up, the Polluted water control of Suzhou will function to prevent the upstream poor quality water of the Grand Canal from flowing into the urban waterway of Suzhou and, during water diversion, ensure that the water volume diversed will not be lost through Shangtang River and Xujiang River, effecting improvement of the water environment of Suzhou canal network. Moreover, gate control of Xujiang River and Shangtang River is advantageous for regional optimized regulating of water resources and flood prevention safety of urban waterways. 7.1.3 Impact of River dredging on Water Environment 7.1.3.1 Prediction Scenarios Refer to Table 7.1-17 for the Prediction scenarios. 97 Table 7.1-17 Predicted scenarios of riversdredging component in Suzhou Control and regulating scheme Scenario No. Dredging component Widening ofnarrow reaches &breaking Water diversion from Xitang River through of Duantoubang creek Co No No Without water diversion Cl Yes No Without water diversion C2 Yes Yes 24m3 /s 7.1.3.2 Prediction and Assessment of Water Dynamic Conditions (1) Improvement of water dynamic conditions of Suzhou canal network after implementation of the dredging works. As dredging increases the cross-section of waterways, flow at some of the waterways increased. The flow at Jiuqugang ofPanxi area ofXujiang River will be double (refer to Annexed Table 7-4 for the water dynamics of waterways under different scenarios). (2) Improvement of dynamic conditions of Suzhou waterway after implementation of integrated waterway rehabilitation project After the integrated waterway rehabilitation project is implemented, comparison of the waterway water dynamic cycle with the current status ofwaterway water dynamics shows that both the flow and velocity of waterways in different areas are greatly improved, and the simulated flows of most rivers are increased over the simulated flow of dredging component. The flows of Shuofangzhuang River, Jiuqugang and Xianrendagang after the comprehensive rehabilitation are nearly 100% greater than those before the rehabilitation. This indicates that the integrated rehabilitation of waterways, including the dredging component, Flow converging Reach widening component, Duantoubang breaking through component and water transfer component, is advantageous for raising the waterway water dynamic cycle capability, brings about remarkable positive effect on improvement of the waterway water dynamic conditions and will do good to improving the water environment of waterways. 7.1.3.3 Prediction Result and Assessment of Water Quality The improvement magnitudes of Predictioned concentrations under various scenarios are shown in Table 7.1-18 (refer to Annexed Table 7-9 for the Prediction result of the water quality of waterways under various scenarios). Table 7.1-18 Improvement values of CODMn simulation concentrations Scenarios CO - CI Scenarios CO - C2 rate District Waterways Irnprovement value Improvement rate improvement value hnprovement (mg/L) (%) (mg/L) (%) Shantang district Shangtang River 0.27 4.43 0.06 0.98 Yefangbang 0.16 3.15 1.07 21.06 Hedong New district Lishuang River 0.21 3.69 0.08 1.41 Huangshiqiao River 0.21 3.84 0.06 1.10 Xujiang Rive panx Xianrendagang 0.17 2.85 0.03 0.50 distnict Jiuqugang 0.20 3.46 0.06 1.04 Dalonggang 0.84 12.28 0.15 2.19 5.77 South City district Meichang River 0.72 10.39 0.40 Waicheng River, north -0.35 - 0.61 7.74 25.33 Ancient City district Waicheng River, east -1.65 - 2.91 Waicheng River, south 0.21 2.63 0.16 2.01 Waicheng River, west 0.20 2.72 0.16 2.18 The following can be known from above table: (1) The water quality in most of the waterways will be improved by dredging, with CODMn improvement magnitude being 0.16-0.84mg/L and the improvement rate as 2.63-12.28%. But the CODMn simulated concentration of a few waterways not dredged will be somewhat increased. (2) After integrated rehabilitation of waterways, the water quality of all waterways will be improved to some extent. The improvement of water quality is very conspicuous in the waterways of the ancient city area and Shangtang area, where the maximum CODmn improvement can come up to 2.91mg/L and the maximum improvement rate up to 25.33%. Therefore, after implementation of the integrated rehabilitation of Suzhou canal network including the waterways dredging component, the water environment quality of waterways in Suzhou urban area will be greatly improved. 98 7.1.4 Impact of Wuli Lake Rehabilitation on Water Environment 7.1.4.1 Impact of Water Level Control Component on Water Environment (I) Analysis of impact on water environment of the Wuli Lake Before control of the round-the-lake entrances, the Wuli Lake can exchange water freely with the surrounding waterway network and water system and all kinds of wastewater directly enter into the Wuli Lake area through the open waterways, resulting in deterioration of the water body quality in the lake area. After control of the round-the-lake entrances (i.e. after implementation of the water level control component), most of the pollutant sources will not come into the Wuli Lake area. It is expected that the wastewater can be cut by 60%, with 445t CODcr, 4.85t TPous and 51.35 t TN to be reduced. The normal water level will be regulated to 3.30m from the existing 3.06 m, so that the environmental capacity of the water body is enhanced while the water volume of the lake body is increased and the environmental requirements are met. (2) Analysis of impact on water environment of waterways around the Wuli Lake After controlling of the round-the-lake entrances, the hydrological regime in the waterways around the Wuli Lake area will be changed due to interruption of the flow of such waterways, resulting in blocked flow or changed flow direction in some of the waterways. The water quality in waterways around the lake may also change with the flow conditions. Based on analysis of the calculation result, the water quality in some ofthe waterways in the surrounding area will deteriorate to a small extent. Before controlling by the project, the waterways in the area north to the Wuli Lake mainly flow into the lake. After controlling with gates built at Xiaoxuangang, Ludianqiaobang, Lixi River and so on, the mean value of CODmn simulated concentration in the said waterways will increase by approximately 0.1-0.6mg/L. The water quality in other waterways will not change significantly after building of the gates, as they are farther away from the Wuli Lake. 7.1.4.2 Impact on Water Environment after Completion of Rehabilitation Component (1) Analysis of impact on water environment ofWuli Lake After completion of the integrated rehabilitation of Wuli Lake, including the dredging component, returning fishing ground to lake component, water level control component, lakeshore rehabilitation component, as well as gradual recovery of hydrophilic zoology, it is Predicted that CODm,, will be 6.63mg/L and TPous will be 0.106mg/L, reaching category IV water; and TN will be 4.5 7mg/L, as category V water of poor quality, all of which reach the control targets of the comprehensive rehabilitation project. Compared with the situation before integrated rehabilitation, all water concentrations after stabilization will decrease to some extent, with CODm,, decreasing by 35.3%, TPous by 33.8% and TN by 18.5%. The water quality of the lake body will become remarkably better, but will stillbe in a eutrophicated condition. (2) Analysis of impact on water environment of waterways around the Wuli Lake Before the round-the-lake entrances are controlled, the velocity of round-the-lake rivers is quite low, with a considerable part of small waterways being in a basically stagnant state. The Water Replacement Component will pump water into the Wuli Lake through the Mailiang Lake Pump Station. The water level control component through reasonable dispatch with sluice gates will make the Wuli Lake and the round-the-lake river network water body change from a basically stagnant state to ordered flowing and exchange with external water bodies. Thus, the water quality of waterways around the lake will be improved. To sum up, the present overall water quality of some waterways around the Wuli Lake is poor and local water quality will become worse after control with gates. But by means of the integrated rehabilitation measures, including removal of the pollutant sources around the Wuli Lake, induction of water from Meiliang Lake, as well as water control component through reasonable dispatch with sluice gates and so on, the water quality of waterways around the Wuli Lake will certainly be improved to a certain extent. 7.1.5 Analysis of Reduction of Total Water Pollutants Amount The total pollutant amounts (in CODc,) that can be reduced in Suzhou and Wuxi waterway network, after 6 WWTPs were built in 2000 and 108 WWTPs are completed and put into operation in 2010, are shown in 99 Table 7.1-19. It can be known from the table that the amount reduced after building of the 6 WWTPs accounts for about 25% of the total CODcr emission of industrial and domestic pollutant in 2000, but only 15% of the total CODc, emission of industrial and domestic pollutant in 2010. But the amount reduced by the 108 WWTPs will account for about 54% of the total CODcr emission of industrial and domestic pollutant in 2010, which will bring about considerably great improvement of the water environment in waterways. Table 7.1-19 CODcr discharge & reduction amounts of Suzhou & Wuxi river network CODcr 2000 2010 Effluent ofWWTP Before operation (thousand t/a) 140.0 231.1 Influent of WWTP after operation (thousand t/a) 49.8 185.7 Effluent ofWWTP after operation (thousand t/a) 10.3 62.0 Decrement of WWTP (thousand t/a) 39.2 123.7 Decrement rate ofWWTP (%) 28.0 53.5 7.2 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Ambient Air Environment during Operation Period 7.2.1 Hygiene Protection Distance of WWTPs The main factor of air pollution is H2S and NH3. Discharge source is adopted based on the enterprise which has proper process, good management and equipment maintenance under normal operation. Impact of unorganized emission of H2S and NH3 on ambient air environment has been predicted according to the discharge source and local climate condition. Hygiene protection distances is calculated by following formula. =c- (BLC + o.25y2 )0.50 LD Cm A Qc The control level of unorganized emission amount for hazardous gases (kg/h), which is adopted based on the enterprise which has proper process, good management and equipment maintenance under normal operation. Cm -Concentration standard limits (mg/m3) are adopted based on maximum allowable concentration of ambient air pollutants at residential area in Hygienic Standard of Industrial Enterprise Design (TJ36-79). y - Equivalent radius of production unit in which unorganized emission source for hazardous gases locates (m) L Hygiene protection distance needed by industrial enterprises. A, B, C. D Nondimensional cefficients used for calculating hygiene protection distance, which can be selected from "Technical method of establishing discharge standard of air pollutants". Refer to Table 7.2-1 for the hygiene protection distance (distance from odor sources) for the proposed components calculated according to the protection distance formula and on the basis of the Standard for Control of Unorganized Emission of Hazardous Gases and Hygiene protection Distance for Industrial Enterprises. Table 7.2-1 Hygiene protection distance for WWTPs WWTP Hygiene protection distance (m) Huishan 150 Anzhen 200 Dongting 200 Loujiang 300 Fuxing 350 Wuzhong 100 100 7.2.2 Impact on Protected Objects See Table 7.2-2 for protected objects and protection distances of each WWTP. Protected object Nanditian Village (No.14) of Anzhen WWTP and protected object hostel (No.33) of Loujiang WWTP listed in the table are within sanitary protection distance, which is, however, the distance from protected object to boundary of such plant. Shortest distance from odor source of Anzhen plant to northeast plant boundary is greater than 30m and odor source of Loujiang plant to its boundary exceeds 100m. Hence total distance to protected objects is far larger than sanitary protection distance and all protected objects are safely away from odor. Table 7.2-2 Protected objects of each WWTP Distance to Hygiene City Component No. Sensitive object Orientation boundary (m) protection distance Huishan WWIT 10 Yanqiao Town Gov. East 500 150 11 Firehouse East 500 12 Nianyuqiao Village Southeast 220 Wuxi Anzhen WWTp 13 Lejiali Village Southwest 250 200 14 Nanditian Village Northeast 180 15 Xiaolushu Village Northwest 200 Dongting WWTP 18 Geqiang Village Southwest 250 200 Suzhou Loujiang WWTP 33 Guest house North 200 300 To further understand the extent and range of the effect of odor nuisance to ambient air, surface source mode is used for forecast. Strength of pollutant source of planned WWTP shall be determined through investigation and analysis of scale of the plant and plants of similar process. Wind speed is taken as 2-3m/s and atmospheric stability is taken as D. See Table 7.2-3 for forecast results of 3 Suzhou WWTP. It can be seen from the table that expected odor concentration at plant boundary caused by operation of WWTP meets standard. 101 Table 7.2-3 Predicted atmospheric results for each WWVTP Max. predicted concentration (mg/m3) Max. predicted concentration (mg/M3) Distance to Standard value (mg/n 3 Plant ) Position (wind speed 3m/s) (wind speed 2m/s) boundary(m) N HualOfied NH3 H2S Odor NH3 H2S Odor NH3 H2S Odor Boundary 0.0578 0.0134 0.4672 0.0632 0.0201 0.7008 / 1.5 0.060 20 Loujiang Yes Target point 0.0189 0.0060 0.2095 0.0283 0.0090 0.3142 60 0.20 0.01 Yes Hostel (object) 0.0076 0.0024 0.0838 0.0113 0.0036 0.1257 200 0.20 0.01 Yes Fuxin Boundary 0.0314 0.0107 0.3367 0.0471 0.0161 0.5050 / 1.5 0.060 20 Yes Target point 0.0179 0.0061 0.1913 0.0268 0.0091 0.2869 60 0.20 0.01 Yes East 8.40E-05 2.07E-03 2.43E-05 1.26E-04 3.11E-03 3.63E-05 / 1.5 0.060 20 Yes South 3.11E-04 7.70E-03 9.17E-05 4.67E-04 1.16E-02 1.37E-04 / 1.5 0.060 20 Boundary Yes West 7.73E-04 1.91E-02 2.27E-04 1.16E-03 2.87E-02 3.40E-04 / 1.5 0.060 20 Yes North 2.68E-04 6.60E-03 7.77E-05 4.OOE-04 9.90E-03 1.17E-04 / 1.5 0.060 20 Yes Wuzhong East 8.40E-05 2.07E-03 2.43E-05 1.26E-04 3.1IE-03 3.63E-05 / 0.20 0.01 Yes South 2.04E-04 5.03E-03 5.90E-05 3.05E-04 7.53E-03 8.87E-05 100 0.20 0.01 Yes Target point West 2.29E-04 5.67E-03 6.67E-05 3.43E-04 8.50E-03 1.00E-04 100 0.20 0.01 Yes North 1.84E-04 4.53E-03 5.30E-05 2.76E-04 6.80E-03 7.97E-05 100 0.20 0.01 Yes Note: At boundaries, the table adopts Class II standardof odor emission in "Pollutantdischarge standard for municipalWWTP" (GB1 8918-2002);at other locations, "HygienicStandard of Industrial Enterprises Design" (TJ36-79) is followed. 102 7.2.3 Impact of Wastewater Collection System During the operation phase, the main body of the wastewater collection system, the sewer pipelines, are not expected to have significant impacts as the pipelines are underground. The impacts to the environment and the surrounding communities of the system will be mainly from the pumping stations. Using the Wuzhong wastewater collection system which has five pumping stations, impacted distances by nuisance odor from the pumping stations were calculated, based on H2S concentration of 10 mg/m3 and NH3 concentration of 1.0 mg/m3. These data are from similar operating sewer pumping stations. The impacted distances are for the five stations are presented in Table 7.2-4. As there are no sensitive receptors or protective targets from these distances according to site investigation during the EA, the pumping station operation is not expected to have significant impacts. Similarly, there are no sensitive receptors in close distance to pumping stations in other wastewater collection systems except Anzhen, nuisance odor is not expected to impact surrounding communities. Table 7.2-4Impact distances of odor from Wuzhong wastewater pumping stations Pumping stations Imnpacted distance (m) By H2S By NH3 Overall Built up area station 43 1 43 #1 70 2 70 #2 88 3 88 #3 46 2 46 #4 75 2 75 #5 75 2 75 There are two sensitive receptors near pumping stations in the Anzhen wastewater collection system. The distances to the pumping stations are 80 and 100 m respectively. As these distances are basically shorter than analogical analysis results and pumping stations in the Anzhen collection system is smaller than those in Wuzhong system, the sensitive receptors are considered to be beyond the impacted distances. 7.3 Prediction and Assessment of Impact on Noise Environment during Operation Period The extent and range of the impact of noises on the environmental protected objects during the operation period are Predictioned and analyzed. Both the operating noise of WWTPs and the noise of ship locks are calculated with the point source noise model, which will be simplified as necessary during application. namely to consider only distance attenuation but no attenuation by acoustic barriers or obstructs."Standard for Plant Boundary Noise of Industrial Enterprises" (GB12348-90) shall be followed in Prediction and assessment of the noises from WWTPs. According to the functional division of acoustic environment provided by Suzhou Environment Monitor Station, class 4 criteria in the Standard for Noise in Urban Area Environment (GB3096-93), i.e. 70dB(A) during daytime and 55dB(A) during nighttime, shall be followed in Prediction and assessment of the noises at Shangtang River and Xujiang River ship locks. 7.3.1 Impact of WWTP Component on Noise Environment The result of Prediction and assessment is shown in Table 7.3-1. It is known from the table that: only the noise levels at the boundaries of Huishan, Loujiang and Fuxing WWTPs exceed the criteria, and the noise levels at the boundaries of all the other WWTPs and the protected objects do not exceed the standard. There are railway, road and channel around Huishan, Loujiang and Fuxing WWTP, so background noise value exceed standard. 103 Table 7.3-1 Prediction and assessment results of noise environment forWWTP component Unit: dB(A) Location of monitoring Monitor Noise effe servale ater -Assessment Assessment No. WWTP point period ~background effect superimposiition o citra esl value value background value criteria result 1-4 Boundary ofWWTP Day 50.3 46.4 51.8 60 Not exceed Night 42.5 47.9 50 Not exceed 5 Nanditian natural Day 43.5 36.2 44.2 60 Not exceed village Night 40.8 42.1 50 Not exceed 6 Anzhen Xiaolushu natural Day 47.0 35.8 47.3 60 Not exceed village Night 42.3 43.2 50 Not exceed Tanggengxiang natural Day 48.6 50.5 60 Not exceed 7-9 village, Xihetou 45.9 natural village Night 44.7 48.4 50 Not exceed 10-14 Huishan Boundary of Boundary Day 67.6 39.8 67.6 70 Not exceed of WWTP Night 60.3 60.3 55 Exceed 18-21 Dongting Boundary of WWTP Day 54.9 50.7 56.3 65 Not exceed Night 42.4 51.3 55 Not exceed 28-29 Wuzhong Boundary ofWWTP Day 59.7 42.4 59.8 65 Not exceed 31-32 Night 49.5 50.3 55 Not exceed 33-37 Loujiang Boundary ofWWTP Day 56.9 42.1 57.0 65 Not exceed Night 60.6 60.7 55 Exceed 3842 Fuxing Boundary of WWTP Day 66.3 46.7 66.4 60 Exceed Night 50.7 52.2 50 Exceed Note: When only I datum is listed at the boundary ofWWTP, it is the maximum value point and noise reduction actions have been taken for all major noise sources. 7.3.2 Impact of Suzhou Polluted Water Control Component on Noise Environment Ship locks will be built for the Polluted water control component under this Project. As a result, it is required to Prediction and analyze the extent and range of the impact of noises from ships, which pass through the ship locks during the operation period, on the protected objects. At present, as Shangtang River and Xujiang River are determined by Suzhou Municipality as the special controlled waters for pleasure boats, it is forbidden for other ships to enter them. Refer to Table 7.3-2 for the dynamic noise limit values of passenger boats. The noise values of different noise sources of ships entering and leaving the ship locks which attenuate with the distance from the banks are calculated, with superimposition of background values, to give the Predictioned values. Refer to Table 7.3-3 for such Predictioned values. Table 7.3-2 Dynamic noise limits of passenger boats Route Position Noise value no greater than Engine room zone 80 Short line Living zone / Peripheral effect zone 70 Passenger compartment zone 90 Medium line Living zone 60 Peripheral effect zone 70 Table 7.3-3 Predicted noise values of ships entering and leaving shiplocks Distance from bank 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 8OdB(A) 57.15 56.89 56.60 56.44 56.35 56.29 56.25 56.22 Xujiang Day 9OdB(A) 61.82 60.88 59.55 58.68 58.09 57.67 57.37 57.15 River Night 8OdB(A) 52.64 51.88 50.86 50.23 49.83 49.55 49.36 49.22 9OdB(A) 60.73 59.49 57.53 56.05 54.90 53.98 53.24 52.63 Day 8OdB(A) 54.65 53.86 52.89 52.35 52.03 51.83 51.69 51.59 Shangtang Y 9OdB(A) 62.38 60.95 58.79 57.26 56.13 55.26 54.60 54.07 River Night 8OdB(A) 54.07 53.15 51.99 51.32 50.91 50.64 50.46 50.33 9OdB(A) 62.29 60.82 58.58 56.95 55.72 54.77 54.01 53.41 Note: Xujiang River surface is 50m wide and Shangtang River surface is 38m wide. It can be known from Table 7.3-3 that: with the ship source intensity as 8OdB(A), the noise levels of the 104 residential quarters around Xujiang hub (20m from the bank) and Jiangfeng Garden residential quarter around Shangtang River ship lock (70m from the bank) do not exceed the standard and can reach class 2 standard during daytime. With the ship source intensity as 9OdB(A), the residential quarters by Xujiang River can reach class 2 standard for acoustic environment during daytime and will slightly exceed the standard during nighttime; and Jiangfeng Garden residential quarter by Shangtang River will not exceed the standard during nighttime and can reach class standard during daytime. In general, as most of the pleasure boats stop operation during the night, the noises from pleasure boats passing through the ship locks will have little impact on the protected objects. 7.4 Assessment of Impact on Ecological Environment during Operation Period 7.4.1 Assessment of Impact on Terrestrial Eco-system (1) Impact on the terrestrial eco-system ofrehabilitated waterways and lakeshore The adverse effect of this Project on the ecological environment is mainly reflected in permanent occupation of land by the project and reduction of cultivated land area along the banks. But during the integrated rehabilitation of waterways, bank lines as required for different landscapes will be established and plant communities will be designed to increase the plant covering rate and biomass along the banks, so that the loss incurred by destruction of local greenbelt and vegetation during the operation period will be compensated by artificial vegetation. Therefore, there will be no significant adverse impact on the surrounding field eco-system. (2) Impact on terrestrial eco-system of spoiled soil disposal area In the spoil disposal area, as it is not contaminated by heavy metal, trees and grasses can be planted and fields can be recovered for cultivation. The disused fish ponds occupied during construction will be covered by artificial vegetation to increase fields and green spaces. The growth and development of plant communities will be benefited and the vegetation covering rate will be enhanced with the help of man. Therefore, the occupation of land by the project will not have significant adverse impact on the field ecosystem. 7.4.2 Assessment of Impact on Aquatic Eco-system (1)Analysis of ecologic benefit ofecology control engineering Application of ecologic engineering in the lake eutrophication control started from late 1980's. But no reports for 3 consecutive years on its ecologic benefit have ever been seen till now. The restoration condition of submerged vegetation for the Xuanwu Lake Ecology Control Phase I Project is shown in Table 7.4-1. In the ecologic zone with a total area of about 250mu containing mainly submerged plants, the water quality is markedly improved. But the phase I of control project has not been went on as result of the controlled zone was not attended carefully. Table 7.4-1 Restoration of submerged vegetation in Xuanwu lake ecologic zone Time Main breeds Het(cm) (g/ma) Remarks 1998.3 Curly pondweed, waterweed 60 84.1 Calculated quantity as per introduction 1998.4 Waterweed, Curly pondweed, fragile 70 256.4 Measured with samples stonewort 1998.5 Waterweed, bladderwort, fragile stonewort 120 524.0 Measured with samples 1998.6 Waterweed, hornwort, blackwort, 130 1070.0 Measured with samples bladderwort 1998.7 Waterweed, homwort, blackwort, 150 1150.0 Measured with samples bladderwort 1998.8 Homwort, blackwort, bladderwort 150 1125.0 Measured with samples 1998.9 Homwort, blackwort, bladderwort 150 1225.0 Measured with samples 105 (2) Advice on underwater ecology control engineering The plant residues that fail to be utilized reasonably will remain in the lake, which will cause secondary pollution and faster dying out of the lake. Up to now, ecologic engineering is still somewhat exploratory in nature and no successful example lasting for over 3 consecutive years has ever been seen either domestically or internationally, and "863" plan of state is carrying out the similar research. Therefore, it is recommended that it should first be implemented in a small range and then, after success is achieved, be expanded to larger ranges step by step. 7.4.3 Assessment of Impact on Quality of Landscapes 7.4.3.1 Landscape Effect of the Suzhou River dredging Component (1) After implementation of various rehabilitation measures, a complete river network and water system will be built up, the dynamic water exchange between waterways will be improved, the hydrologic vitality of rivers and their surrounding areas will be maintained and enhanced, and the effect of improvement in the bearing capacity of water resource and water environment is achieved in the waterways. (2) Implementation of various rehabilitation measures will not only improve the water dynamic characteristic of the waterways, but also greatly promote improvement of the water quality of water bodies and the ecologic environment around the waterways. An environment with beautiful water and green plants will provide the citizens of Suzhou with good localities for leisure and entertainment and greatly improve the living environment of the residents around the waterways. (3) As the water environment is an important integral part of the macro environment of Suzhou, its improvement will certainly promote the development of tourism industry in Suzhou, especially the waterborne tour around ancient city. The beautiful urban environment will provide good working and living conditions for foreign investors and large numbers of superior talents. Therefore, the project will bring about enormous economic benefits. 7.4.3.2 Landscape Effect of Suzhou Polluted Water Control Component (I) Compatibility of proposed component with city construction and style of Suzhou After implementation of the Xujiang Hub and Shangtang River Ship Lock component, the water level in Shangtang River, Xujiang River and the internal river of central urban area will be effectively controlled, and embankment landscaping platforms, large size green spaces and green belts will be built along the river banks, which will greatly improve the urban ecologic environment and landscapes and create conditions for increasing the hydrophility of waterways. The ground level in the urban area of Suzhou is around 3.5-5.Om in normal cases and less than 3.Om at some lowlying locations. If the flood control plan with small encirclement is used, 7 encirclements will be set up in the central urban area and all the waterways outside the dykes (including the outer city river, Xujiang River and Shangtang River) need be protected against flood with a recurrence interval of 200 years. Thus the flood protection line of the central urban area is long and the risk is high. At present, the elevation of the bank revetment of these waterways are basically around 4.5-5.0m. If they are heightened and reinforced or removed and rebuilt according to the water level with a recurrence interval of 200 years, the wall top will reach the elevation of about 5.7m, which will severely disrupt the urban landscapes and ancient city style of Suzhou and harm the image of Suzhou as a famous city in history and culture and a famous tourism city with beautiful landscapes. In order to effectively control the water level in the central urban area and reduce the elevation of intra-city bank revetment to improve the urban landscapes, the large encirclement solution is adopted in the central urban area engineering plan and layout of the urban flood protection plan of Suzhou. The large encirclement solution means to conduct flood control along the left bank of the Grant Canal in the west and south, the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway in the north and the Suzhou-Jiaxing-Hangzhou Expressway in the east, and to provide protection against flood reoccurring every 200 years (design water level at 5.0-5.2m). So it is necessary to set up control buildings such as shiplocks and sluice gates at the outlets of Xujiang River, Shangtang River and some other rivers. (2) Compatibility of the architectural style of proposed component with surrounding environment 106 The architectural design will be optimized on the basis of Suzhou's feature as a water city presenting primitive simplicity and elegance and dotted by bridges over green waters. The gate opening method advantageous for the landscapes will be adopted and the height of gates will be reduced, to avoid disruption of and achieve harmony with the surrounding landscapes and also add some new scenic spots. In the design of ship lock and sluice gate on the north tributary stream of Xujiang River, in order to reduce the height of buildings and assort with Suzhou's special feature as a water city, horizontal sliding gate is selected for the internal and external lock heads of ship lock and the gates of sluice gate. Traffic bridges will be built over the external riverside lock head and the gate chamber ofsluice gate. The internal riverside embankment in the management range of the ship lock and sluice gate will be landscaping embankment with the architectural style of the hub. The sluice gate on the southern tributary stream will have the gate axis about 230m from the Caiyun Bridge and will be an open type reinforced concrete structure. The hydraulic structures of different functions and types that are arranged on the southern and northern tributary streams of Xujiang Hub, together with the Caiyun Bridge, ancient posthouse and other provincial level protected cultural relics, form a landscape line that demonstrates the water conservancy engineering and construction. The ship lock of Shangtang river is located in the vicinity of Hanshan Temple scenic and tourism spot and between Jiangfeng Bridge and Laifeng Bridge, at a distance of 230m form Hanshan Temple. An open type single stage ship lock will be adopted, with its length of arrangement in the direction of water flow as 234m. The ship lock is a single-lift lock with 176 m in length along flow direction. It is so arranged to keep as much as possible the original appearance of Hanshan Temple ancient architecture scenic spot and create the water city atmosphere with small bridges over flowing water. The operating gates for the internal and external lock heads will be horizontal sliding gates. Jiangfeng Bridge already built over the Shangtang River will be used to meet the traffic requirements of internal and external lock heads. The ancient architectural style of the actuator house and control room is in harmony with the surrounding water city landscape with small bridges over flowing waters, making Shangtang River ship lock a waterborne landscape line of Hanshan tourism area. 7.5 Impact of Sludge From WWTP on Environment 7.5.1 Impact of Sludge Landfill on Environment The sludge from all proposed WWTPs under this Project will be received by solid waste landfills at different locations and will be landfilled together with urban domestic wastes using sanitary landfill method. This additional sludge disposal will shorten the service life of the landfill. The Taohuashan and Qizishan solid waste landfill will be shorten about 2 and 1.5 years respectively by calculated with design capacity of the landfill and sludge amount of WWTPs. The managements of WWTPs have reached an agreement with additional conditions with the urban wastes landfills, for the later to take in and dispose the sludge from WWTPs. (See details for Qizishan and Taohuashan landfill in section 4.4.2) The aforesaid urban wastes landfills are located in the suburbs of the cities served, with no environment sensitive areas around, such as residential quarters and so on. The landfills are designed and constructed according to the specifications. They also incorporate supporting "facilities for control of hazardous environmental impact", such as facilities for protection against contamination of groundwater by leachate and against impact of landfill gas diffusion on environment. The landfills can meet the requirements for receiving and landfilling the sludge from WWTPs and will not add any adverse impact on the surroundings. Landfill leachate is a potential aspect of adverse impact on the groundwater and the surrounding area. China Association of Environmental Protection Industry has made a test ofthe sludge leachate produced by urban solid wastes and urban WWTPs. The result of such test shows that, under the same conditions, the concentration of heavy metal in the sludge leachate is lower than that in the urban solid wastes leachate in most cases. Refer to Table 7.5-1 for the details of the leachate test. 107 Table 7.5-1 Concentration of heavy metals in sludge and solid wastes Unit: mg/L Standard Values of Ti~me Extraction Procedure Pararoet,r I hour 2 hours 4 hours 8 hours 24 hours 48 hours Toxicity (GB 5085.3-1996) Zu Sludge 1.11 2.73 3.70 / 3.32 4.14 Solid wastes 1.22 1.07 1.32 1.12 1.68 1.86 50 Cu Sludge 0.05 0.07 0.09 / 0.10 0.11 Solid wastes 0.09 0.12 0.168 0.136 0.174 0.144 50 Pb Sludge 4.35x10-3 4310 5390 / 8490 9580 Solid wastes 0.033 0.048 0.078 0.048 0.065 0.062 Cr+ Sludge 0.015 0.027 0.039 / 0.068 0.075 6 Solid wastes 0.113 0.128 0.132 0.127 0.128 0.124 1.5 Cd Sludge 0.75X10-3 0.77x10-3 1.03x01-3 / 1.23xl0-3 0.2x0-30 Solid wastes 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002 Hg Sludge Undetectable Undetectable Undetectable Undetectable Undetectable Undetectable 0.05 Solid wastes 0.154x10-3 Undetectable Undetectable Undetectable Undetectable 0.084x10-3 It can be seen from the above Table that the impact of sludge landfill on the groundwater is equal to that of urban solid wastes. Therefore, it will have no any added adverse impact on the environment that landfill the sludge from WWTPs. The leachate of Taohuashan and Qizishan landfill will be treated by local WWTPs, so sludge disposal of WWTPs will have no adverse impact to groundwater. Hazardous waste disposal center of Suzhou and Wuxi will be set up in 2006 according to doument (SuHuanJi[20021 No. 18) issued by Jiangsu EPB and Jiangsu development plan committee. If sludge of this project is harzous matter by testing, it will be disposed in the center. At present, there are no sensitive receptors such as town and residential area, so the odor from landfill will do small impact to environment. 7.5.2 Impact ofTemporary Storage of Sludge on Environment There are many uncertain factors during transport and disposal of sludge, all WWTPs are provided with temporary storage areas for sludge. The storage areas are carefully designed, constructed and managed and need be provided with blocking walls and auxiliary bed course. The overflowed surface water shall be collected and retained and sent to the aeration tank for treatment before being discharged with the effluent. 7.5.3 Impact of Sludge Transportation on Environment The water content of sludge after dewatering is normally 80%. There may be leakage during transportation and, as the sludge is not digested, the stinks may cause adverse environmental impact on the areas passed by. So in the design of this Project, watertight trucks will be used for transporting sludge and cost-effective and rational transportation routes are designed to avoid the residential quarters as much as possible and reduce the possible impact on the environment. The Sludge transportation routes for different components are as shown in Figure 7-6-7-7. Transport amount of sludge is between 24 m3/d and 107 m3/d and transport distance is between 10 km and 25 km, the transport frequencies are about 3-14 times per day, and time has been arranged at 4:00 - 6:00 a.m. and 7:00 -10:00 p.m, for auditing around rush hours. 7.6 Impact of TBUEP on Social Environment 7.6.1 Wuxi Wuli Lake rehabilition component Melioration of Wuli Lake water environment will improve municipal image of Wuxi city and her investment environment, favor business invitation and introduction of investment, upgrade landscape of Wuli Lake area and promote development of local tourism. Wuli Lake and its surrounding area is a major scenic zone of Wuxi city. Embankment rehabilition and lake rehabilitation/fishing suspension works will improve water quality and landscape, and favor development of tourism economy in Wuxi area as well as development of tertiary industry. Wuli Lake regulation project will increase water environment capacity of Wuli Lake, increase the capability of the water body to resist pollution load, and hence reduce pressure on sewage treatment ninification rate, lower sewage treatment cost, favor overall improvement of Tai Lake water quality and flood control in WuChengYu area and Wuxi city. 7.6.2 Suzhou river dredging component 108 -1 "%I; ' Figure 7-6 Transport Routes of Sludge, for WWVTPs in Wuxi Area t' ~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~44 d -\ | ' ;' ,:1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~[ <1 1 i- WW-T.93i----'§P! j /sstitt) |*jset'Huiishan' tsti 8 u t > \ - r t .;1 - I t ! . IroA i /e ~~~~ !°~~~~~~~~~~~~~ N,.. }iii 4%' '' ' ''1 f' '' - >r i j- *iii -i -2j,t 'vj'-iS (so l< s iti eiF- t -l i - - t w \ ti ss \d4 1i . X>z - - c\\s | \ *~~~~~~~~V t 1s ; t #ktp r 'i \ , \ ~~~j. | o g f n '' " 'I 0''; '> t -; % h ] ^ ~ v4# ' 9 - <; S) ,; _-J del Ww - !1 ' t :, /iTaohuasha -Lan f /-.. tiL/ \-\ ;.,.- ,?dfij ot Al_s X!-t--- iiti - oa i < ! Ta.'>-i.9 {,iDninwp js. <: ^'5 u~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~00 CRoute > < Sldg Trnpr I^!|8s '~ X",t ' -j ,..r ,. ; .,tu _ ; The river dredging component will strengthen hydraulic connection between river courses, increase hydrodynamic exchange between river courses, and hence ease internal source pollution of river water quality by sludge, effectively lower river bed height, create fine conditions for flood control in the areaand increase water holding capacity of rivers in non-flooding periods. Improvement of water quality will promote development of Suzhou tourism, especially construction of tourism facility on water on the circular Waicheng River. This project will create fine investment environment of Suzhou and attractiveness for human resources, thus bring remarkable economic benefit for the area. At the same time, living environment of local residents will be greatly improved and remarkable social benefit will be created for Suzhou city. 7.6.3 Suzhou polluted water control component Sewage blocking gate project is part of the Suzhou water net water quality comprehensive harnessing project, and will prevent poor quality water from the canal from entering Waicheng River through Xujiang River or Shangtang River, thus reducing loss caused by pollution. This project will improve urban water environment, restore scenes of the ancient city and south-of-Yangtzi River water countries, promote development of Suzhou tourism industry and bring along development of tertiary industry. At the same time, functions of Suzhou water net in environment beautification and local climate adjustment can be realized. Improvement of river net environment is advantageous to establishment of municipal image of Suzhou city, improvement of investment environment, improvement of residence environment conditions and boost real estate values. As part of Suzhou central urban area flood control project, this project has also flood control function and benefits. 7.6.4 WWTPs component WWTPs are utility project to protect environment and create benefits for future generations. Construction of these plants will greatly improve local investment environment, promote development of local economy and also raise environmental protection consciousness of citizens. As compared with distributed sewage treatment, centralized sewage treatment features high treatment efficiency, low construction investment and operation costs, let alone improvement of local investment environment and residents' living quality that cannot be measured by economic indices. Implementation of sewage treatment plant project will greatly reduce pollution loads discharged into Wuxi and Suzhou river net, while environmental loss caused by the project will be pollution to local environment during construction, certain effect of odor emitted by operating plants on surrounding environment, and light pollution of local water body near discharge outlet by tailwater discharge. These effects can be lightened through scientific construction scheme, environmental protection planning and management measures. 7.7 Impact to Public Health If the flood and pollution control gates are kept closed for any significant period of time, the stagnant water near the gates would possibly cause the growth of masquitos which could be a threat to public health for residents living near the gates and for general public. According to the plan for the gate operation, these gates will be closed only when there are pollution accidents or episodes on the Grand Canal, water diversion during the dry season, or floods during the raining season, then the gates will be closed to protect the city. In all other occasions, these gates will remain open. Even with the gates closed there are branch rivers near the gates in both Xiujiang and Shangtang river, any stagnant water will be in very small areas immediately adjacent to the gates and for a relatively short time. The excessive growth of masquitos and associated diseases are unlikely. In fact, the appropriate operations of the gates would help prevent pollution in urban and populated areas and improve water quality and environmental quality in general. This will contribute to improving community hygiene and public health. 7.8 Impact of Flood Risk 7.8.1 Impact of Flood Risk on WWTPs Tai Basin is rivers network area which is higher in the elevation in the west and lower in the east. Wuxi and Suzhou city are in the low terrain and flood disaster happens frequently. IfWWTPs being invaded by flood, Wastewater will do impact on surrounding environment, so flood risk must be considerated. Huishan WWTP located in flood protection area in Yanqiao new district after investigation. There is a flood protection circle with flood protection standard once per 200 years (5.5 m) around the area. Dongting 109 WWTP also located in this flood protection circle with flood protection standard once per 200 years (Wuxi Nanmen 5.36 m). The terrain of Anzhen WWTP is high with surface elevation 5.9 m, so there is no need to build flood wall. Fuxing and Loujiang WWTP located in central urban flood protection circle with flood protection standard once per 200 years of Suzhou after investigation. The surface elevation of Wuzhong WWTP is 4.0-4.5 m, but flood protection standard once per 200 years is 5.3 m in this area, so it is recommended that surface of the WWTP should be filled-up and the wall should be up to 5.3m. 7.8.2 Impact of Flood Risk on Sanjiaozui Sediment Disposal Site Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site located in Xiangcheng distrist of Suzhou with flood protection standard once per 100 years (4.3 8m) in polder, and the elevation of site is 4.5 m. Therefore, flood will dono impact to the site. 110 Section 8 Public Participation 8.1 Methodology 8.1.1 Purpose As a kind of municipal infrastructure projects, during construction or operation period there always exist more or less direct or indirect, beneficial or adverse impacts to inhabitants in local or even much wider areas. The EIA task force carried out the social survey and inquiry of public opinions to know exactly what they demand and what they are concerned about. By giving heed to the opinions and collecting reasonable proposals of the mass, it will improve and rationalize the project in the aspects of planning/designing, environmental measures, construction and operation management thus to minimize potential adverse effects of the project on enviromnents. 8.1.2 Consultation Method There are two rounds public participation. The consultation ways and information disclosure are shown in the table 8.1-1: (1)Round I-Complete TOR for EA and prepare EA report Main work during this period is to provide the public probably affected by the project an idea of the basic situation, technological process, potential environmental impact, and pollution control measures to be taken and the schedule of environment evaluation work of the project. The work is done in the ways of informal discussion, on-site visit or distribution of questionnaires for an understanding of the attitudes and requirements of the public to the project and the issues of environment protection, so that reasonable proposals beneficial to the project can be collected as much as possible. (2)Round II-Complete EA report (Draft) In accordance with essential requirements ofthe World Bank concerning public participation, main work in the period is done after the completion of a draft EIA report to disclose the conclusion of EA and mitigation measures to be taken for alleviation of major pollution problems. The way is to convene the potentially affected residents to give them response to the comments and requests of raised by them in the first period of activities and show the newly completed draft EIA report. Table 8.1-1 Consultation methods for public participation Round Components Consultation ways Information disclosure Wuli Lake rehabilitation I Huishan, Dongting and Anzhen WWTP Interview on the spot and Public on Hohai Suzhou rehabilitation questionnaire University web site. Loujiang, Fuxing and Wuzhong WWTP Wuli Lake rehabilitation Interview on the spot, questionnaire and telephone Public on newspaper and n~ Huishan, Dongting andAnzhenWWTP feedback place EA report at Suzhou rehabilitation Loujiang, Fuxing and Wuzhong WWTP Colloquium brares. 8.1.3 Consultation Location Public participation consultation Place isshown in Table 8.1-2 Table 8.1-2 Locations of first round public participation consultation Item Investigation Location Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Dafu town, Dongjiang town, Jincheng and Xuelang town Anzhen WWTP Nianyu village, Nongxin village Huishan WWTP Huishan district Dongting WWTP Wangsongbang village, Zhuangqiao village etc Fuxing, Loujiang WWTP Hengtang town. Xinguo village. Youlian village. Meiwan village etc. Wuzhong WWTP Yinxi village and Hongzhuang residential area Ill Suzhou Polluted Water Control Jinchang district Suzhou River dredging |Pingjiang district, Jinchang district, Canglang district 8.2 The First Round of Public Participation 8.2.1 Public Participation for WuLi Lake Rehabilitation Component The activity for public participation has been conducted for WuLi lake Integration Rehabilitation Engineering (Table 8.2-1). The public investigated amounted to 101 whose status covered different fields (Table 8.2-2). Table 8.2-1 Public consultation activity conducted for Wuli lake rehabilitation Substance By whom, with whom Date Location Number EA TOR, using public opinion By EA team, with Dafu, Dongjiang, questionnaires and interviews potentially affected 2002.10 Jingcheng and 101 residents Xuelang town Table 8.2-2 Status statistic of consulted public for Wuli lake rehabilitation Age/Sex Proportion (%) Education Level Proportion (%) Occupation Proportion (%) 18-35 35.6 Primary Worker 53.5 35-65 64.4 Jr.middle 25.7 Farmer 24.7 Male 64.4 Sr.middle 69.3 Civil servant 19.8 Female 35.6 Univor over 14.0 Others 2 Table 8.2-3 Public participation questionnaire analysis of Wuli lake rehabilitation No Contents and statistics I Do you know of the project to be constructed? Understand (50.5%) Heard of, but do not understand (49.5%) Never heard of (0) 2 Do you think whether this engineering can improve the water quality of Wuli lake or not? Yes (95%) No (5%) Do you think whether this engineering are beneficial to native economic development? 3 Yes (88.1%) No 12 (11.9%) Do you think whether the project can improve the landscape in Wuli lake area and promote the development ofthe 4 travel industry? Improve (88.1%) Did not change (11.9%) Worse( 0) what influence has the project to the native ecosystem environment? 5 Beneficial (76.2%) Influence not much (18.8%) Disadvantageous (5%): Do you think what factor is the biggest to natural environment after the project will be constructed? 6 Water environment (27.7%) Noise environment (13.9%) Ecosystem environment (55.4%) Others (3%) Did this engineering development have influence to your everyday life and work Have no(0) Influence not much (35.6%) The influence is big (36.6%): What form did this engineering development affect your normal work and life 8 The house dismantles to move 37(36.6%); The fish pond is tidy up to back 40(39.6); The land takes up (29.7%) Construction (16.7%) Others (34.7%) You think what natural resources need the point protection in this engineering development 9 Plant (42.6%) Landscape (44.6%) Did not answer (12.8) Which disadvantageous factor do you concern more during construction of the project? 10 Waste gas 29(28.7%) Noise (44.6%) Discards (8%) Others (8%) 11 Do you mind to change your life style for the need ofthe project? Willing (58.4%) Not willing (25.7%) Did not answer (15.9%): Your opinions and suggestions to the project 12 Answer (24.8%) Did not answer (75.2%) In general, the resident hopes to improve their living level through repairing the water. Meanwhile, they 112 worry about the problems during the construction. 8.2.2 Public Participation forAnzhen WWTP The activity for public participation has been conducted for Anzhen WWTP (Table 8.2-4 to 8.2-6). Table 8.2-4 Public consultation activity conducted forAnzhen WWTP Substance By whom, With whom Time Location Number EA TOR, using public opinion By EA team, with potentially 2003.03 Nianyu and questionnaires and interviews affected residents 2003.05 Nongxin 40 villiage Table 8.2-5 Status statistic of consulted public forAnzhen WWTP Sex Proportion (%) Education Proportion (%) Occupation Proportion (%) Male 60 Jr. middle 30 Worker 45 Female 40 Sr. middle 50 Farmer 10 Univ. or over 20 Civil servant 45 Table 8.2-6 Statistics on responses in public participation for Anzhen WWTP No. Contents and statistics I Do you satisfy the current environment quality? very satisfied (75%) satisfied (20%) unsatisfied (5%) very unsatisfied (0%) 2 Do you know ofAnzhen WWTP to be constructed? Don't know (0) know a little (70%) very clear (30%) 3 Which media do you know ofthe information? Newspaper (20%) TV, Broadcast (0) Bulletin(10%) other ways(70%) No. Contents and statistics 4 How do think of the impact of the item to environment? Serious(0) bigger(0) general (65%) smaller5(25%) don't know(l0%) 5 Attitude to the item Support (50%) Support under some conditions (40%) Indifferent (10%) oppose( 0) According to the statistic result, most public think the project is very essential, and the support rate is more than 50%, about 40% public hold support under some terms, whilst at the same time 10%public hold indifferent attitude for not knowing about the project. The public comments include: > The project should be constructed on an advanced standard to resolve the water pollution problem of Anzhen town; > The developments unit should value highly the environmental protection, making the sweeping production good, reducing the influence of noise and foul smell to the residents around. > Insuring the waste water from the WWTP reaches the exhausting standard, and doing well the administration work of the WWTP; > Increasing virescence area of the WWTP to ensure the existing living qualitynot decline. 8.2.3 Public Participation for Huishan WWTP The activity for public participation has been conducted for Huishan WWTP. 43 share questionnaires have been sent out and reclaimed completely. (Table 8.2-7 to 8.2-9 ). Table 8.2-7 Public consultation activity conducted for Huishan WWTP Substance By whom; With whom Time Location Number EA TOR, using public opinion By EA team; With potentially 2003.01 Huishan 43 questionnaires and interviews affected residents district 113 Table 8.2-8 Status statistic of consulted public for Huishan WWTP Age Proportion (%) Education Proportion (%) Occupation Proportion (%) 18-35 41.9 Primary 2.3 Worker 55.8 35-65 58.1 Jr.middle 39.5 Farmer 14.0 Male 69.8 Srmiddle 44.2 Civil servant 18.6 Female 30.2 Univ. or over 14.0 Others 11.6 Table 8.2-9 Statistics on responses in public participation for Huishan WWTP No. Contents and statistics I Do you satisfy the current environment quality? Very satisfied (32%) Quite satisfied (53%) Unsatisfied (9%) Very unsatisfied (0) 2 Do you know ofthe proposed item? Don't know (2%) know a little(53%) very clear(44%) 3 Which channel do you know ofinformation about the item? Newspaper(32%) TV Broadcast(9%) Bulletin propagandize(30%) Folk information( 18%) 4 How do think of the impact of the item to environment? Serious (0) General (30%) don't know(67%) 5 Attitude to the item Support (67.5%) Support under some conditions (32.5%) Indifferent(0) Oppose(0) Most public know of the item, and think the main factor of the Huishan WWTP to environment quality is wastewater. Most of them think that sewage collecting disposal have lots of merits comparing to sewage disperse disposal, such as higher efficiency; less construction capital investment and lower operation cost. So most public think the project is very essential, and the support rate is 67.4%. The public comments include: 1 Construction of the project should hold "scientific design". "higher standard and strict request", insuring no harm to environment; > As for the examining and approving of the project, director units should hold "integration comment""strict check on""predigest procedure". 8.2.4 Public Participation for Dongting WWTP The public participation was conducted in early October 2002. Among the questionnaires, near 90% has been taked back. The result has showed the public attitude to the project. (Table 8.2-10 to 8.2-12 ) Table 8.2-10 Public consultation activity conducted for Dongting WWTP Substance By whom; With whom Time Place Number EA TOR, using public opinion By EA team; With Wangsongbang and questionnaires and interviews potentially affected 2002.10 Zhuangqiao villiage 85 residents Table 8.2-11 Status statistic of consulted public for Dongting WWTP Sex Proportion (%) Education Proportion (%) Occupation I Proportion (%) Male 61.18 Jr.middle 17.65 Worker 35.29 Female 38.82 Sr.middle 49.41 Farmer 25.88 Univ. or over 32.94 Civil servant 38.82 114 Table 8.2-12 Statistics on responses in public participation forDongting WWTP No. Question, Responded number and percentage How long have you lived in this area? In 10 years(52.94%) In 20 years (9.41%) In 30 years (8.24%) Over 30 years(29.41%) 2 The distance from your home to the item? In 100m(17.65%) in 500m(36.47%) In 1000m(45.88%) Over 1000m(0) 3 Do you satisfy the current environment quality? satisfied (62.3%) unsatisfied(21%) Don't clear (16.5%) 4 Are there any affect if don't bring the item into effect? Effect is big (70.5%) effect is little (29.4%) no effect(0) Don't know(0) 5 Do you think whether the item is important? Very important(47%) important(52.9%) unimportant(0) Don't know(0) 6 Do you agree if the item engross farmland or pound? agree(87%) oppose(3.5%) don't know(9.4%) Which effect do you afraid ofthe most ? 7 Noise(42%) Foul smell(56.47%) Construction in night(17.65%) Dust(4.71%) Safety(14.12%) Cultural relic or vegetation(0) Travel(10.59%) 8 Do you satisfy the minified measures? Satisfied(55.3%) unsatisfied(4.7%) uncertainty(0) don't know of the measures(40%) 9 Do you think if the item can improve the current environment quality? Improved obviously (88.2%) No effect (7%) don't clear (4.7%) 10 Which side do you support comparing the benefit with malpractice? Benefit>malpractice(96.4%) malpractice>benefit(0) benefit=malpractice(0) Don't clear (3.5%) 11 Your idea about the proposed location ofWWTP and landfill. Agree (85.9%) oppose(°) No thought (14.1%) 12 In general, the impact of the item to environment? Benefit(92%) malpractice(3.5%) Don't clear (4.7%) The consulted public expressed their comments, such as: comments they > The consulted public think the more information about the project they know, the more can offer; > Most persons express understanding of the impact in the construction, and think that they can overcome environmental problems such as traffic inconvenience and noise. At the same time, they think the opposed WWTP side is seasonal; > Of the affected inhabitants, most of them express they can tolerant disadvantage effect come from the WWTP after reaching the discharge standard; - Almost all of the consulted farmer think there are no necessary to use organic fertilizer, the sludge can be dealt with through burying or other ways; > People can accept land acquisition and house resettlement, and wish to have complete monetary compensation; > The surrounding residents wish to keep informed when the project starts so that they can make early preparation. 8.2.5 The Public Participation for Suzhou River Network Dredging Component 100 share questionnaires have been sent out and called back. The main consulted area is around the proposed project location and the public consultation covered different Fields. Looking from distributing of the consulted area, this investigation covers with the whole Suzhou city involving Pingjiang district, Jingchang district and Canglang district. (Table 8.2-13 to 8.2-15) Table 8.2-13 Public consultation activity conducted for Suzhou river dredging Substance By whom; With whom Time Location (number) EA TOR, using public opinion By EA team; With potentially Pingjiang district (55); questionnaires and interviews affected residents Canghang district (3) Canglang d1strict (53) 115 Table 8.2-14 Status statistic of consulted public for Suzhou river dredging Age/Sex Proportion (%) Education Proportion(%) Occupation Proportion(%) 18-35 31 Primary Worker 58 35-65 69 Jr. middle 24 Farner 12 Male 58 Sr. middle 36 Civil servant 15 Female 42 Univ. or over 40 Others 15 Table 8.2-15 Statistics on responses in public participation for for Suzhou river dredging No. Question, Responded number and percentage I How long have you lived in this area? In 10 years (23%) in 20 years(28%) in 30 years(27%) over 30 years(22%) The distance from your home to the item? 2 In 100m(43%) 100-500m(22%) 500-1000m(15%) over 1000m(20%) 3 Do you satisfy the current environment quality? satisfied (6%) unsatisfied(82%) don't clear(12%) Are there any affect if don't bring the item into effect? Effect is big (61%) effect is little(26%) no effect(9%) don't know(4%) Do you think if the item is important? 5 Very important(30%) important (62%) unimportant(0) don't know(8%) Which effect do you afraid of the most? 6 Noise(16%) foul smell (13%) construction innight(12%) dust(17%) safety (5%) convenience of out (18%) travel(l 8%) 7 Do you think if the item can improve the current environment quality? Obvious improvement(76%) no effect (15%) don't know(9%) Which side do you support comparing the benefit with malpractice 8 Benefit>malpractice(81%) malpractice>benefit(3%) benefit=malpractice(4%) don't clear(12%) In general, the impact of the item to environment benefit (79%) malpractice (3%) don't clear (18%) The public comments include: > Developing the project should combine the characteristic ofShzhou old city; > Carrying out the project quickly to benefit people; > Quicken the step of rebuilding dangerous houses and civil foundation establishment; noise , dust and travel on the ' Shortening the construction date possibly so that the influence of surrounding inhabitants could be lessened; > Strengthening the construction ofriverside green belt; reinforcing riverbank; cleaning up riverbed; > Strengthening the force ofmanagement to walk the continuous road. The interviewees were local residents coming from different district involving with different sex, different age frame , different culture level and different family structure. The result shows the interviewees have abroad representation and can reflect the public's comments ofthe affected region. Of the consulted persons, over 80% are not satisfied with the current water quality, near two thirds of them think this project is quite urgent. Over 90% believe that the implementaton of the proposed project is necessary, and the regional environment and the living condition can also be expected to improve. Over 80%ones expressed their support attitude to the project even if doubt about the potential environmental impact that may be raised by the proposed project. 8.2.6 The Public Participation for Suzhou Polluted Water Control Component 100 shares questionnaires have been sent out and taken back 95 shares. The consultation is developed in Jingchang district where the project is located. (Table 8.2-16 to 8.2-18) 116 Table 8.2-16 Public consultation activity conducted for polluted water control component Substance By whom; With whom Date Location Number EA TOR, using public opinion questionnaires and potentially affected residents 2003.02 Jinchang district 95 Table 8.2-17 Status statistic of consulted public for polluted water control component Age Proportion (%) Education Proportion (%) Occupation Proportion (%) 18-35 72 Primary Worker 33.3 35-65 28 Jr.middle 19 Farmer Male 45 Sr.middle 4 Civil servant 5.6 Female 55 Univ. or over 77 Others 61.1 Table 8.2-18 Statistics on responses in public participationfor polluted water control component No. Question, Responded number and percentage (%) I How long have you lived in this area In 1O years (18.9%) in20 years (23.2%) in30 years (30.5%) over 30 years (27.4%) The distance from your home to the item 2 In 100m(12.3%) 100-500m(20%) 500-1000m (17.9%) over 1000m(49.5%) Do you satisfy the current environment quality Satisfied (53.68%) unsatisfied (27.37%) don't clear(l8.95%) Are there any affect if don't bring the item into effect Etfect is big (35.79%) effect is little(46.32%) no effect (3.16%) don't know(l4.74%) Do you think if the item is important 5 Very important(47.37%) important(43.16%) unimportant(2.11%) don't know(7.37%) Which effect do you afraid ofthe most 6 noise (20.26%) foul smell (8.5%) construction in night(l 1.76%) dust (5.23%) safety(3.92%) convenience of out (22.22%) travel(28. 1%) 7 Do you think if the item can improve the current environment quality Obvious improvement(53.68%) no effect(9.47%) don't clear(36.84%) 8 Which side do you support comparing the benefit with malpractice Benefit>malpractice(69.47%) malpractice>benefit(5.26%) benefit=malpractice(3.16%) don't clear(22.11%) 9 In general, the impact of the item to environment benefit (65.26%) malpractice(2.11%) don't clear(32.63%) The public comments include: > Construction of the Shangtanghe hub should avoid to destroying the whole sight of Hangshang temple; > Carrying out the project quickly to benefit people; > Shortening the construction date to lessen the inconvenience time; > Construction of project should avoid to affecting the surrounding residents; > Holding "civilization construction". The consultation result show that over half consulted people are not satisfied with the current environment quality. Most of them think the current environment of Suzhou has brought on some disadvantage effect to their living and work. Over 60% hold support attitude to the project even if doubt about the potential environmental impact that may be raised by the proposed project. 8.2.7 Public Participation for Loujiang WWTP 44 shares questionnaires have been sent out and taken back completely. 117 Table 8.2-19 Public consultation activity conducted for Loujiang WWTP Substance By whom; With whom Date Location Number EA TOR, using public opinion By EA teamn; With potentially affected 2003.03 Youlian and questionnaires and interviews residents Meiwan village Public meeting By EA team; With affected residents and 2003.08 1 / nongovernnental organization Table 8.2-20 Status statistic of consulted public for Loujiang WWTP Age Proportion (%) Education Proportion (%) Occupation Proportion (%) 18-35 29.5 Primary Worker 36.4 35-65 70.5 Jr.middle 25 Farmer Male 56.8 Sr.middle 22.7 Civil servant 25 Female 43.2 Uni. Or over 52.3 Others 38.6 Table 8.2-21 Statistics on responses in public participation for Loujiang WWTP No. Question Answer Total Percentage Know 13 29.5% I Do you know of the project Don't know 6 13.6% A little 25 56.8% Have ~~~40 90.9% 2 Do you think if the project is useful to the improvement of Have 3 6.9% 2 Suzhou water quality Haven't 3 6.8% Don't answer 1 2.3% Do you think if the project is benefit to the development of Have 41 94352% Suzhou economic Don't answer 1 2.3% Water environment 20 45.5% Sound environment 4 9.1% 4 Do you think which side effect is biggest of environment Air environment 9 20.5% Zoology environment 8 18.2% No effect 3 6.8% No effect 14 31.8% 5 Are there any effect to your living A little effect 20 45.5% And work with the construction of the project Big effect 6 13.6% No answer 4 9.1% Exhaust gas 23 52.3% Noise 9 20.5% 6 Which side do you afraid of the most Residue 8 18.2% Others 6 13.6% Don't answer 2 4.5% Wastewater 3 6.8% Foul smell 35 79.5% 7 With the wastewater, foul smell and Noise 2 4.5% Noise, which one do you afraid ofthe most Sludge 4 9.1% Not obvious 1 2.3% Don't answer 2 4.5% Answer 20 45.5% 8 Your conmments to the project Don't answer 24 54.5% The consultated public answered the questionnaire carefully and hold support attitude basically. They believed that the Project would improve the water quality of Suzhou river network and investment condition, promoting the development of the tourism. The consultated public expressed their understanding to the possible environmental impact and thought it was normal, and can be gotten over. But they cared the odor impact especially and requested the contractors should carry out environmental protection work well. 118 8.2.8 Public Participation for Fuxing WWTP 49 shares questionnaires have been sent out and taken back completely Among of these questionnaires, 39 are for individual and others are for group. Table 8.2-22 Public consultation activity conducted for Fuxing WWTP Substance By whom; With whom Date Location Number EA TOR, using public By EA team; With opinion questionnaires potentially affected 2003.03 Helngtang town, Xguo 4 and interviews residents Table 8.2-23 Status statistic of consulted public for Fuxing WWTP Age Proportion (%) Education Proportion (%) Occupation Proportion (%) 18-35 46.2 Primary 5.1 Worker 25.6 35-65 53.8 Jr.middle 15.4 Farmer 10.3 Men 66.7 Sr.middle 15.4 Civil servant 30.8 Women 33.3 Uni. Or over 64.1 Others 33.3 Table 8.2-24 Statistics on responses in public participationfor Fuxing WWTP No. Question Answer Total Percentage Know 23 59 I Do you know of the project Don't know 5 12.8 A little 11 28.2 2 Do you think if the project is useful to the Have 39 100 improvement of Suzhou water quality Haven't Do you think if the project is benefit to the Don't answer 38 97.4 3 development of Suzhou Economic Have 1 2.6 Water environment 26 66.7 4 Do you think which side effect is biggest of Sound environment 2 5.1 environment Air environment 11 28.2 Zoology environment 12 30.8 Are there any effect to your living No effect 22 56.4 And work with the construction of the project Bigger effect Exhaust gas 14 35.9 6 Which side do you afraid ofthe most during the Noise 16 41 construction of the project Residue 7 18 Others 2 5.1 With the wastewater, foul smell and Wastewater 5 12.8 7 Noise ofthe WWTP, which one do you afraid of the Noise 1 2.6 most Sludge 2 5.1 Answer 12 30.8 8 Your comments to the project No answer 27 69.2 The consulted public and parties all answer questions carefully according to questionnaire requires and support the project construction. At the same time they think this project can greatly improve water quality of Suzhou Rivers and facilitate tourism development so as to improve investment environment. Most of the public express understanding of the impact in the construction period, and they think that they can overcome environmental problems which is avoided impossibly. Some consulted persons express complaint about odor from the operation of the project. Accordingly construction units should set up reasonable sanitary protection distance in order to reduce some environmental problems and ensure residents' living quality and work conditions. 8.2.9 Public Participation for Wuzhong WWTP There are 120 questionnaires were send out in this consultation. Finally 106 questionnaires were retrieved. Most consulted people know somewhat about the project and believe it will be helpful to the improvement of water quality of Wuzhong economic development zone. They understand the inconvenience and negative 119 influence arising from the project, and the site of the project could be suitable for building a WWTP. Most people can accept somewhat negative impact of the WWTP after reaching the discharge standard. People can accept land acquisition and house resettlement, and wish to have complete monetary compensation. People think there seems no need for organic fertilizer so that the sludge should be disposed of by landfill or other ways. Table 8.2-25 Public consultation activity conducted for Wuzhong WWTP Substance By whom, with whom Date Location Number EA reference data, using By BA team, with local Yinxi village and public meeting and opinion affected residents 2002.10 Hongzhuang residential 120 questionnaires area Table 8.2-26 Statistics on responses in rublic rarticipationfor Wuzhong WWTP No. Questions I Do you know of wuzhong wwtp to be constructed? Know from media (6.60%) have been told(83.02%) don't know(l 0.38%) 2 Do you think the construction ofthe WWTP will benefit water quality improvement ofthe development zone? Yes(87.74%) no(7.55%) don't know(4.72%) 3 Do you think it is suitable to implement this project in this river? Yes (88.68%) no(2.83%) don't know(7.55%) 4 What kind ofproject do you think it belongs to? Seriously polluting (22.64%) slightly polluting(46.23%) not polluting (7.55%) Can you accept the fact if there isa slight noise and foul smell insome extent but all within allowable limits of 5 standard after the WWTP commissioning? Yes (55.66%) no(7.55%) doesn't matter(33.96%) 6 Do you think the land to be used for the construction has been subject to pollution? Polluted (15.09%) not polluted(31.13%) don't know(30.19%) What do you think about the water quality in the project area? Good (49.06%) moderate(36.79%) bad(14.15%) What do you think about the ambient air quality in the project area? 8 Good (44.34%) moderate(52.83%) bad(2.83%) What do you think about the acoustic quality in the project area? Good (56.60%) moderate(41.51%) bad(l.89%) What do you think if you are inconvenienced by road blocked or annoyed by noise due to the construction 10 activities? Understanding (91.51%) Complain(5.66%) no comment(2.83%) What do you think if the land on which you live is to be acquired or your house will be resettled due to the 11 project? Support (86.79%) oppose(2.83%) never think about (9.43%) The public ideas and suggestions: > Work in the light ofrules of law during construction; > Call for higher design standard for the WWTP; ) Put in practice as early as possible so as to reduce pollution of surface water in wuzhong economic development zone; > Inform villages around before construction. 8.3 The Second Round of Public Participation For obtaining comments of public about environmental protection and mitigation measures, local colloquium and affected people visiting have been carried out after draft of EA report (July, 2003) completed. 8.3.1 Public Participation for Part of Components The second round of public participation for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component, Dongting, Anzhen, Huishan and Wuzhong WWTP were conducted by Environmental Hydraulic Institute of Hohai University, for obtaining further comments and advises of the public. 2 ways (questionnaire and visiting on the spot) 120 are adopted. The visited public includes affected people, oficials, representatives of social organization and residents. 82 copies public consultation tables were sent out for Wuli lake component, 10 copies for Anzhen WWTP, 10 for Dongting WWTP, and 23 for Wuzhong WWTP. They were all retrieved finally. 50 copies for Huishan WWTP were sent out and 46 were retrieved. For details see Table 8.3-1 and 8.3-3. Table 8.3-1 Second round of public consultation activity for part of components Content Component When Location Number Obtaining comments of Wuli Lake rehabilitation 2003.7 Dafu, Dongjiang, Jingcheng, Xuelang Town 82 public about environmental Dongting WWTP 2003.7 Wangsongbang, Zhuangqiao Village 10 protection and mitigation Huishan WWTP 2003.7 Huishan District 50 measures in EA report Anzhen WWTP 2003.7 Nianyu, Nongxin Village 10 Wuzhong WWTP 2003.7 Yinxi Village and Hongzhuang residential area 23 Table 8.3-2 Statistics on responses of public participation for partof components Statistics Questions Answers Wuli lake Dongting Anzhen Wuzhong rehabilitation WWTP WWTP WWTP Are you satisfied with Yes 21 25.61% 4 40% 4 30% 5 21.74% the environment No 46 56.10% 5 50% 3 10% 15 65.22% existing condition? Don't know 15 18.29% 1 10% 3 50% 3 13.04% Do you think the Very seriously 27 32.93% 4 40% 1 20% 6 26.09% landfill may make Not seriously 39 47.56% 4 40% 5 20% 17 73.91% impact on your daily No impact 12 14.63% 2 20% 2 60% 0 0 life and work? Don'know 4 4.88% 0 0 2 20% 0 0 Very important 28 34.15% 4 40% 6 10% 5 21.74% Doyouthinkthe Important 46 56.10% 6 60% 2 10% 18 78.26% project is important? Not important 3 3.66% 0 0 1 30% 0 0 Don't know 5 6.10% 0 0 1 40% 0 0 Noise 21 25.61% 4 40% 3 0 3 13.04% Stink 25 30.49% 2 20% 4 10% 12 52.17% Night construction 10.98% 10% 8.70% WhatcIScthe mos Dust 96 7.32% 11 10% 01 00 22 8.70% youincthe Safety 2 2.44% 0 0 0 0 0 0 construction stage? Outing 11 13.41% 0 0 0 20% 0 0 Cultural relic and 2 2.44% 1 10% 0 70% 0 0 vegetation Traffic 6 7.32% 1 10% 2 20% 4 17.39% What is your attitude Satisfied 32 39.02% 5 50% 7 0 11 47.83% to the mitigation Unsatisfied 9 10.98% 2 20% 2 10% 4 17.39% measures ofthis Uncertain 11 13.41% 1 10% 0 70% 5 21.74% project? Don't know 30 36.59% 2 20% 1 10% 3 13.04% What do you think Obviously 43 52.44% 8 80% 7 20% 17 73.91% about the effect of the Moderate 29 35.37% 1 10% 1 60% 5 21.74% project on local Don't know 10 12.20% 1 10% 2 10% 1 4.35% envirounment? More advantage 61 74.39% 9 90% 6 10% 22 95.65% The relation of More disadvantage 5 6.10% 0 0 1 20% 0 0 advantage and Advantage is as much 3 3.66% 0 0 1 80% 1 4.35% disadvantage as disadvantage Don't know 13 15.85% 1 10% 2 0 0 0 Whatdoyouthinkof Satisfied 60 73.17% 7 70% 8 20% 21 91.30% the farmland and pond Unsatisfied 14 17.07% 0 0 0 70% 2 8.70% which will be acquired due to the project? Don't know 8 9.76% 3 30% 2 30% 0 0 Your attitude to the Support 45 54.88% 5 50% 7 0 21 91.30% siting ofWWTP and Oppose 23 28.05% 2 20% 3 60% 2 8.70% sediment disposal site Indifferent 14 17.07% 3 30% 0 10% 0 0 What impact may be Positive 54 65.85% 7 70% 6 30% 23 100% raised to the area by Negative 6 7.32% 2 20% 1 20% 0 0 this Project? Unclear 22 26.83% 1 10% 3 80% 0 0 121 Statistics Questions Answers Wuli lake Dongting Anzhen Wuzhong rehabilitation WWTP WWTP WWTP Your suggestions Giveareply 27 | 32.93% 0 0 2 | 30% 5 21.74% No reply 55 67.07% 10 I 100% 8 1 20% 18 78.26% Table 8.3-3 Statistics on responses of public participation for part of components No. Questions Percentage of answers What isyour opinion about the Odor(25%), wastewater(37. 1%), solid wastes (12.9%), noise(1 6.1%), 1 main enviroinmental problems of ecology(8.9%) Huishan development zone? Whether the environment of 2 Huishan development zone is Very suitable (0), suitable (26.1 %),a little(60.9%), unsuitable(l 3%) suitable for inhabitation? Are you satisfied with water Very satisfied (0) satisfied (56.5%) unsatisfied (26.1 %),very 3 quality of main rivers in Huishan Vr nsatisfied (0)) development zone unsatisfactory(l7.4%) Do you think what is the main Pollution from upstream (33.3%), industrial wastewater from Huishan 4 pollution sources of rivers in development zone(21.8%), industrial wastewater from surrounding area(44.9%) Huishan development zone Do you knownew WWTP tobe 5 binlt? Don't know(2.2%), a little(95.6%), know clearly(2.2%) 6 How do you know the infonnation Newspaper(37.3%), TV, broadcasting(l 9.4%), advertisement (17.9%), civil about WWTP? information(25.3%) What is the serious impact to 7 environment caused by WWTP in Odor(1 3.3%), wastewater(53%), industrial solid wastes (14.5%), noise(] 9.3%) your opinion? 8 What is your attitude toward the Support unconditionally(54.3%), support conditionally(37%), indifferent(4.3%), project oppose(4.3%) The result of the consultation: > The status of the public consultation covered different fields .90% of them is native and know of the current culture and environment instance. They can offer some reasonable comments according with local circs, Over 50% express that the influence came from project is small and can be tolerated. The result shows that location and layout of the project and the implementation of pollution control measures are reasonable, Over 60% public are not satisfied with the quality of the current environment quality and express strongly their willing to improve the environment quality. At the same time, they offer some useful commends; > The residents surrounding proposed project aren't very know of the information, 10% don't know the existence of the proposed project. The related govenunent section doesn't release enough information about question of environment and control measures to mass through media. So, propagandizing power should be strengthened so that the related residents know of the proposed project more. > The consulted public all answer questions carefully which reflect that public understand and support the project construction. Over 80% ones expressed their support attitude to the project even if their life way is changed due to the project. They think the improvement of local environment conditions is the most important. > At the same time consulted public are susceptive of noise, waste gases, discarded residues, stink etc. 37% people think that stink is the most influential one, 10% ones worry about fly dust, 2% villages complain about construction safety and outing, 9% ones are afraid of cultural relic's destroy, 12% people worry about traffic inconvenience. People expect good pollution control measures in the construction stage. Construction units avoid noise and ensure residents' living environment quality to the best of their ability. Public are satisfied with the mitigation measures. > Some villages put forward some questions. For example, Xuelang landfill plant is so high that influence Yuye village's ventilation conditions. They hope environment manage department reduce heaped sludge there and carry through virescence treatment on completed landfill plant. > 10% public are afraid of cultural relic's destroy. They bring forward some beneficial suggestions and expect a civilized construction during the course of dismantle and construction, not causing destroy of 122 cultural relics. Conclusions can be made from the consulted results: public in this district are more active in public participation. These results have a high referential value. 8.3.2 Public Participation for Loujiang WW`rP The component-wide EA team hold a meeting and introduced the process of this project and prelimmary conclusions in August 12th -13th. The component was discussed carefully and participators all believed that construction of Loujiang WWTP would do benefits to water quality of Suzhou, but at the same time, they worried about odor and wastewater pollution durmg operation period. Finally, they hope that Loujiang WWTP should strengthen enviromnental protection work and make sure that the pollution discharge will meet relevant standards. 4T, >-( s <. - -4' Xm-i 016.v- S. '_< Figure 8-1 Photo of public participation for LoujiangWWTP 8.3.3 Public Participationfor Fuxing WWTP In August 12'-13' ,2003, the component-wide EA team has hold a meeting at Hengtang resident's committee and Youlian village resident's committee which are near Fuxing WWTP (Figure 8-2) in order to communicate with local residents about the environmental problems caused by the phase n of Fuxing WWTP At the meeting, the briefs ofthe component are introduced generally, and answers to the residents' concerns on odor pollution during operation and the noise and flying dust pollutions during construction are given. According to preliminary conclusions of EA, the impact scope of noise and flying dust during construction are within about 300 m and 200 m, and the impact scope of odor during operation is within 350 m, while the nearest residential area to Fwing WWTP is 500m, so it will have not adverse impact on the residents nearby. They are satisfied with this explanation. The participants all showed great intersts in the project and believed the project would do benefits to Suzhou's citizen. Some of them suggested that whether the effluent ofWWTP can be used for sanitary ware cleaning. *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1I Figure 8-2 Photo of public participation for Fuxing WWTP 8.3.4 Public Participation for Suzhou Polluted Water Control Component After the EA report (Draft) was completed, component-wide EA team got feedback information of the residents near Shnngtong and Xujiang hub according to the second round public participation in the early July 2003. The ways and main contents ofthe second round public participation include: After analyzmg the opinons, advices and requests gathered during first round carefillty, we discussed with the residerts about the 123 proposed mitigation measures, and got further opinions and suggestions. Considering the limitation of the space, we chose 30 representatives from the first round to participated second round meeting, and distributed some easy understanding (in language and pattern) summary of EA to them. The pubic feedback and suggestion on Polluted Water Control component: (1) Reduce the impact to historical relics and Hanshan Temple. (2) Implement the mitigation measures presented in the EA report and try to synchroniz mitigation measures with construction. (3) Minimize the construction period and arrange the construction schedule properly to reduce the adverse impact to local residents during construction. 8.3.5 Public Participation for Suzhou Sewerage Network Dredging Component After the EA report is completed, the second round public participation was conducted in early July 2003. Due to the scope of the component is large and the locations of it are scattered, the objects of the second round public participation are the residents near Shangtang River. The ways and contents of the second round public participation include: consulting with local residents on proposed environmental mitigation measures, and obtaining further public comments and ad-ises 40 people are voted from the public participating of the first round, because of the site limitation. At the same time, comprehensible EA summary have been provided to the public. The feedback comments and advises of the public to the component can be summarized as follow: (1). The mitigation measures mentioned in EA report will be implemented practically and try to synchroniz mitigation measures with construction. (2). In order to reduce the adverse impact to local people caused by dredging, minimize the construction period and arrange the construction schedule properly. (3). The rivers should be rehabilitated fundamentally construction of sewerage network strengthened. (4) The dredged sludge should be disposed properly. Make sure that no new pollution produced caused by sediment dredging. 8.4 Information Disclosure Information related to the Project EA has been timely released to the interested parties as well as the general public. Project briefing has been provided to the people involved in public consultation. In addtion, more extensive and detailed Project and EA information have b*en provided in a dedicated website, newspapers and public libraries in the project areas. The details of this disclosure are as follows and summarized in Table 8.4-1. At the specially designed website of Hohai Unversity (http://www.hhu.edu.cn), a brief Project description has been provided to the publi6 since M#y 2003. The site invites the public to express their concems and opinions about'he project and it:: potential environnXental impacts. At the tsame time, a telephone hotline has been set up, ' th key EA tean ituames and telephones published for the public to express their opinions. * Since early October, draft EA reports, including EIA and EMP have been placed in Nanjing (provincial capital), Wuxi and Suzhou (Proejct sites) libraries for public access and reviews. The final EA documents, once they are complete, will also be released to the public in these pulbic libraries. On October 15, advertisements were placed on Xinhua Daily, the largest newspaper in the province (with subscription in every village in the province), Wuxi Daily and Suzhou Daily briefly explained the project components and the EA process and EA documents. The advertisements furhter invites the public to express their opinions to the EA team and PMO. The copies of these advertisements are provided in the Annex 5 ofthis report. 124 Table 8.4-1 Summarv of information disclosure Disclosed information Disclosure method Disclosure time Disclosure places Project and EA briefing www.hhu.edu.cn Since May 2003 Hohai Unversity Draft EA documents Public libraries in Naojing, Wuxi and Since October 2003 Nanjing, Wuxi, Suzhou Suzhou Water Authority, Qingyuan EMP Construction Co.,Ltd. of Suzhou and Sii Oct 1 2003 Suzllou Wastewater Treatment Corporation ofWuzhong district Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau EMP Wastewater Treatment Corporation Since Oct.9, 2003 Wuxi ofHuishan and Xishan district Xinhua Daily October 25, 2003 Across province Adublc noticet Suzhou Daily October 2003 Suzhou city Wuxi Daily October 2003 Wuxi city 125 Section 9 Mitigation Measures of Environment Impact 9.1 General Mitigation Measures 9.1.1 Design Period Siting of all projects will be subject to analvsis of alternatives for consideration of harmony with the general and area planning of the cities, impact on the environment, costs and economic efficiency factors. The six WWTPs are required to be located in such a wav that their noise and odor will be far away from the surrounding sensitive areas, i.e. guesthuose close to Loujiang WWTP. The construction schemes will be optimized in any engineering design covering travel spots to bring into harmony with the appearance of adjacent Old City as much as possible. Reasonable analysis of the route will be carried out in the layout of city roads and hub items by design part to minimize house removal. Mitigation measures for relief of impact will be accounted for engineering design. 9.1.2 Construction Period The proposing company and construction company of the Projects should enter into their contract in which the environmental requirements should be clearly defined as construction actions. The construction company then will be aware of controlling pollution produced in construction period as stipulated in the contract, and the proposing company will supervise according to the contract. * Construction sites, transportation routes and materials handling sites will be water sprayed in dry and winding days up to 2 times a day, especially if these sites are near sensitive receptors, such as villages and residential areas. * Construction activities will be scheduled carefully to minimize the impact of noise from construction machinery to the surrounding environment. Night time uses of certain noisy machines such as excavators/dredgers and concrete vibrators, etc. will be prohibited. * Any chance finds of cultural relics during construction will-be preserved/protected and reported to the authority for further evaluation and proper handling before resuming construction activities * Sewrage and other waste from construction camps in rural areas will be collected and diverted to municipal systems to avoid contamination ofthe surrounding areas. * Temporary land occupation, particularly in the farm land, will be planned well ahead of the construction in consultation with the farmers and others affected to minimize the loss of crops. At the end of the temporary uses, the land will be re-stored to its original state. * The sediment disposal site has clay layer at bottom. This base will be compacted during site preparation to further reduce it infiltration ability. A settling tank will be included in the design for SS removal. * All sludge barges will be banned to operate at night. Those which do not meet environmental standard (motor oil leaking, barge body leaks, excessive motor noise, etc.) will not be retained for sediment shipping. * Sanitary and anti-epidemic affair will be emphasized. Construction workforce will go through physical examination before entering the site and also periodical examinations during the works, to safeguard their health. The publicizing and education on sanitation and epidemic prevention will be enhanced on work sites to build up the awareness of self-prevention by construction workforce and do a good job in sanitation and epidemic prevention on site. Management regulations on sanitation will be worked out for the site, inspections on the sanitation conditions 126 on site will be strengthened, and attention will be paid to food hygiene and environmental sanitation on site. 9.1.3 Operation Period Proper measures will be adopted to reduce environmental impact and improve environmental benefits. The adverse impacts during operation period are odor. noise and wastewater of WVVTPs and effluent of sediment disposal site. The corresponding mitigation measures have been promoted according to local environmental, economic and technical situation. . Properly follow the operation procedures and ensure plants and sludge disposal facilities operational as designed, to ensure treatment efficiency, to properly handle the sludge and to minimize the generation and emission of odors. * Sludge generated from the WWTPs will be tested by the leaching test procedure to determine whether it is hazardous waste, within the 3 months ofthe WWTP operation. If it is, the sludge will be diverted to the hazardous waste disposal center to be built in 2006 in both Wuxi and Suzhou, instead of the municipal solid waste landfills, under the current plan. * Develop contingency plans for power failure, overflows, equipment malfunctioning and other conditions which may affect the proper functioning of the WWTPs resulting in discharge of raw wastewater into the receiving environment. * Noisy equipment and machinery will be regularly maintained to be in good conditions to avoid excessive noise. * Maintain good housekeeping at the WWTPs and other Project facilities and minimize impacts to the surrounding communities. * Maintain regular consultation with the residents in the nearby communities and respond promptly any concerns they may raise with regard to the operations of the wastewater, pumping station and sludge handling and disposal facilities. 127 9.2 Pollution Mitigation Measures for Environmental Rehabilitation Components in Suzhou 9.2.1 Mitigation measures for Suzhou polluted *watercontrol component The pollution mitigation measures for the polluted water control in Suzhou during construction and operation periods are shown in Tables 9.2-1 and 9.2-2. Table 9.2-1 Mitigation measures for Suzhou polluted water control component during construction period Itemii Environmental Mitigation measures Implementation/ problem supervision (1) Domestic wastewater will be treated with small treatment facilities (buried wastewater treatment facilities and septic tanks) before being discharged. It is suggested to make the following supplements: (2) It is strictly forbidden to directly discharge the domestic wastewater into water bodies such as Xujiang River and Shangtang River. Domestic wastewater (3) Where there are wastewater pipes in the rented residential and rubbish of houses, it can be collected via the pipes to the WWTP, and Contractor/ Suzhou construction where there is no such pipe, simple domestic wastewater Water Authornty and corfontructn treatment facilities will be installed, for unified collection and Traffic Bureau workforce disposal, or for treatment with small wastewater treatment facilities to meet the standard before being discharged. (4) Education on environment protection will be strengthened for the construction workforce, to enhance their awareness on environment protection. It is strictly forbidden to pour Water domestic wastewater and throw rubbish everywhere. Domestic environment rubbish will be placed at designated locations and be cleaned and moved out periodically. (1) Treat such wastewater with simple sedimentation tanks provided near the project buildings Construction slurry It is suggested to make the following supplements: wastewater produced (2) Temporary treatment facilities required in feasibility study from washing sand report will be built, to collect the wastewater and sewage and aggregates, water produced from construction by different categories, and Water Authority concrete mixing and treat them in oil separating tanks or sedimentation tank to runofffrom work site meet the standard before being discharged; surface (3) The construction equipment xvill be maintained periodically and repaired in a timely manner, to avoid accident during works to cause pollution to water environment. Possible detrimental impact to the residents (1) Work sites will be located far from residential quarters and nearby and protection scenic spots as far as possible; Ambient air targets such as Construction roads will be selected to avoid sensitive Contractor/ Suzhou envirormnent Henan ientpl an st zones such as touring routes, scenic spots and residential WaterAuthonty the ancient station ares from the locating of quarters. work sites and roads 128 Iteim Environmental Mitigationimeasures Implementation/ problem supervision (I) To prevent flying dust, construction spoil and debris will be removed from site promptly, and sand and cement be Possible detrimenital covered. The site and roads will be frequently sprayed with impact to the residents water to eflectively reduce dust flying. Wheels ofvehicles will Contractor! Suzhou nearby and protection be cleaned promptly, to reduce dust flying and prevent Water Authority targets sucah as pollution of road surface; (2) Historical relics having been polluted by construction hanshan emplan waste gas or flying dust will be cleaned with correct methods the ancient station promptly, else accumulated dirt would be difficult to remove. materials (3) Spoil will be loaded in vehicles to a level below the side boards, to reduce spreading on the way; the vehicle speed will Contractor/ Suzhou be controlled below 40km/h to reduce secondary flying dust Water Authority on roads. Possible detrimental impact from Contractor will not permit any construction machinery or Contractor/ Suzhou construction vehicle which is incompliant of the waste gas discharge Water Authority machinery and standard ofthe state to enter the site. vehicles (1) Wind shield (nets) will be provided on all sides ofthe sand and aggregates yard, and the stacking locations will be arranged in a rational manner. When necessary, surface additives or lubricants will be sprayed onto the surface to stabilize the materials and reduce the possible flying dust; Impact from sand and (2) Cement from broken bags and dropping on ground will be Contractor! Suzhou aggregates yard cleaned promptly. Access roads will be sprayed with water WaterAuthority frequently to keep the surface wet. Bamboo mats and straw bags will be placed to reduce flying dust from road when vehicles pass or blown by wind; (3) Building materials such as cement will be stored in special warehouses, and cement dropping on ground will be cleaned promptly. (1) Work time will be arranged in a rational manner, and work will be done in daytime near residential quarters, to minimize the impact ofhigh noise machinery to surrounding residential quarter; (2) Construction machinery with low noise level will be used whenever possible, to reduce the noise impact extent and scope ofmain construction machinery. (3) During work in daytime, the operating point of submerged pumps, insertion and plate vibrators will be more than 5 m away from a residential area; excavators, caterpillar cranes, mobile cranes, motor-driven trippers and dumping trucks more than 10 m from aresidential quarter, and boat piling machines, Noise Fid no diesel engine piling machines, frog rammers, concrete mixers Contractor/ Suzhou environment x and mortar mixers more than 50m away from a residential Water Authority quarter. (4) During work at night, the operating point of submerged pumps, insertion and plate vibrators will be more than 20m away from a residential quarter; caterpillar cranes and mobile cranes more than 50m away from a residential quarter; excavators, motor-driven trippers and dumping trucks more than 60 away from a residential quarter; concrete mixers and mortar mixers more than 200m away from a residential quarter, and it is forbidden to operate boat piling machines, diesel engine piling machines and frog rammers during night. (5) Maintenance of construction machinery will be strengthened. 129 Environmental Mitiation measures Iplementation/ problem supervision The driving routes and time for vehicles to access and leave the site will be arranged reasonably, and they will run at Mobile noise sources limited speed wAithout using high-pitch homns. Avoid vehicle Contractor! Suzhou blocking that uill increase the traflic noise to surrounding Water Authority areas. (I) Lay temporary pathwav, release road pressure Contractor/ Suzhou Road (2) Strengthen trafirc management and supervision and reduce WaterAuthority Transportation trahoucWjams Canal (I) Advertise navigation notice Authority/ Suzhou (2) Set billboard remind ships pass safely Navigation Branch Part of trees After completion of works, the vegetation will be restored in a destructed within the tiimely manner, to prevent soil erosion, absorb harmful gases, Contractor/ Suzhou land for temporary stop dust and reduce noise, and clean the environment and Water Authority Ecological occupancy by the adjust the climate. environment works Detrimental impact The spoil and debris from works will be made full use to fill from spoil and debris up the low-lying land and soil borrowing places, and the Contractor/ Suzhou from works ifplaced remaining will be moved to the Sanjiaozui sediment disposal Water Authority without control. site. Resettlement resulted (I) Residents affected by project will be paid for Resident from construction of compensation in time according to the relevant laws of China. Relocation Office/ resettlement wastewater stopping (2) Provide corresponding or better house to resettle the Local Government gate residents nearby. (1) Importance will be attached to sanitation and epidemic prevention in the work sites, construction workforce will go through physical examination before entering the site and also periodical examinations during the works, to safeguard their health; (2) The publicizing and education on sanitation and epidemic Disease caused by prevention will be enhanced on work sites to build up the Public health concentration of awareness of self-prevention by construction workforce and Contractor/ Suzhou people do a good job in sanitation and epidemic prevention on site; (3) Management regulations on sanitation will be worked out for the site, inspections on the sanitation conditions on site will be strengthened, and attention will be paid to food hygiene and environmental sanitation on site. (4) Labor protection commodities will be prepared, such as earplug and protecting cap. (1) Slope protection between Xujiang River gate and Caiyun Erosion impact by Bridge and Hengtang post Contractor/ Suzhou Historical relics Xujiang River check (2) Report cultural relic unit in time and protect the site Water Authority and gate (3) Staff training ofpreservation ofcultural relics before Cultural Relic Bureau construction 130 Table 9.2-2 Mitigation measures for Suzhou polluted water control component during operation period Item Enviromnental Mitigation measures Implementation/ supervision Pollution from It is strictly forbidden for vessels to discharge Project Management Branch of vessels wastewater or throw rubbish into river channels. Water Authoritv /EPB Domestic Treatment stations for domestic vxastewater and wastewater in rubbish will be built in the management zone for Project Management Branch of Water project centralized treatment of domestic wastewater and Water Authority /EPB environment management zone rubbish. Implement engineering dispatching: close the gate to Pollution accident stop the wastewater, to ensure the water quality safety Project Management Branch of in the Grand Canal in the water bodies ofShangtang River and Xujiang Water Authority /EPB River. The ship noise of Low noise engine will be adopted. transport ships are Noise . forbidden to enter into urban area and excursion Project Management Branch of environment enterig and vessels are not allowed to navigating during Water Authority /EPB exiting shiplock nighttime. Historical Erosion impact The height of opening and closing will be controlled, Project Management Branch of relics from check gate to prevent erosion ofprotection target. Water Authority /EPB Flowers, grass and green fences will be planted in Landoa . large area within the hub area. On the embankments Ecological Land acquistlion ofboth banks, arbor species easy to grow will be Project Management Branch of environment and resettlement planted The total green area will not be less than Water Authority /EPB and piling of sp 30% of the land area taken by the project, to prevent soil erosion. 9.2.2 Mitigation measures for river network dredging component in central urban area of Suzhou The pollution reduction measures in dredging works for canal network in central urban area of Suzhou are as shown in Table 9.2-3. Table 9.2-3 Mitigation measures for Suzhou river network dredging component Environmental .. . Implementation/ Item problem Mitigation measures supervision The dredging will be done with mechanical grab dredgers (1) Dredgers will be provided with oil and water separators or oil receiving facility, to treat the oil containing wastewater before discharge. (1) Oil containing (2) Education on production safety will be strengthened for wastewater from construction workforce, and equipment be maintained and Contractor/ Water dredgers; repaired periodically and in a timely manner, to avoid Co tr or!te (2) Construction accident during works to result in pollution to water vessel accidents. environment. (3) Make announcement in advance before the water Water transport to avoid accident with running ships. environment (4) Labor protection commodities will be prepared, such as earplug and protecting cap. (1) Impact from (1) Impervious treatment (clay compaction) will be sediment in adopted at bottom and lateral of sediment disposal site. disposal area to (2) Excavation soil will be piled around the site. Sludge groundwater, will be covered by the soil and diversion ditch will be Suzlou Navigation (2) Impact of made around the site. Suzh /EPB effluent discharge (3) Treatment of effluent with plant purification and Branch / EPB to river channel isolation belt and coagulating sedimentation will be water body considered (speed up the sedimentation rate by adding environment coagulants) to ensure effluent meet relevant standard. Ambient air Or It is suggested to make the following supplements: Contractor/Water environment O The sediment dredged will be covered and removed in Affair Bureau 131 time, to avoid odor impact to surrounding residents wheniever possible. (I) Strictly implement "Limit valies of noise at boundary Noise Mechamcal of construction sites" Contractor/Water environmient (2) Adjust work time and avoid work during night, to Affair Bureau minimize disturbance to people. Arrangement of Make proper arrangement for theiii according to policies. Contractor/Water fishermen Affair Bureau Social Make rational arrangement for water transport routes, impact publish navigation announcement in advance and Contractor/Water Traffic impact strengthen management. Spoil and debris from dredging Affair Bureau must not be released on the navigation route. 9.3 Pollution Mitigation Measures for Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Component in Wuxi Pollution mitigation measures in Wuli Lake rehabilitation works in Wuxi for the construction period and operation period are shown in Tables 9.3-1 and 9.3-2. Table 9.3-1 Mitigation measures for Wuxi Wuli Lake rehabilitation component during construction period Environmental .. . Implementation/ problem supervision People affected by project will be paid for Resettlement due compensation in time according to the relevant laws of Water Conservancy Residents I' Chma. Bureau /Municipal toconstructin Provide corresponding or better house to resettle the Government residents nearby. Provide compensation capital for resettle according to Water Conservancy Enterprises Economic losses clocensaawn Bureau /Municipal Government Temporary and Water Conservancy permanent Relevant law provisions on compensation in China Bureau /Municipal occupancy Government Placing building Water Conservancy Farm land materials Clean the site, soil backfilling and applying manure Bureau /Municipal and everywhere Government cultivated Damage to Water Conservancy field irrigation and Provide temporary channels and drain by pumping Bureau /Municipal drain channels Government Damage to road Water Conservancy in farmland Build temporary roads Bureau /Municipal Government (1) Temporary passages will be built to lessen the traffic pressure on highways; (2) Traffic control and supervision will be strengthened Contractor /Water Road traffic for some construction road sections, and necessary Conservancy Bureau measures to divert and restrict the traffic flow will be and Traffic Bureau Traffic adopted, to reduce traffic block due to increase ofwork vehicles. (1) For works on navigation channel, announcement River channel will be published in advance, to alert vessels to go Water Conservancy blocking for through other channels. Bureau /Navigation work (2) Warning sign boards will be set up for the night, to Branch alert the vessels on safety in navigation. Domestic (I) Domestic wastewater and feces will be treated by wastewater and septic tanks and buried wastewater treatment facilities. Water feces from and must not be directly discharged into surface water; Contractor /Water environment construction (2) For the slurry wastewater from washing sand and Conservancy Bureau workforce, and aggregates, concrete mixing and produced from work construction site surface runoff, temporary treatment facilities such 132 Item Environmiental Mitigation mcasuresImplementation/ Item ~problem Mitigation measures supervision wastewater as water collection tanks, sedimentation tanks, oil separating tanks and drain ditches will be built, to collect and treat them to meet the standard before being discharged (3) Education on environment protection will be strengthened for the construction workforce, to enhance their awareness on environment protection. Domestic rubbish will be placed at designated locations and be cleaned and moved out periodically. (1) Work time will be arranged in a rational wa) in strict accordance with the relevant regulations on construction noise management, and work during night will be avoided. It is forbidden to work within 200m from a residential quarter during night. Piling machines must not be operated during night. Noise pollution (2) For work in the vicinity of a residential quarter or from hostel, the concrete mixing station will be far from the constroction sensitive receptor as possible, and sound barrier will be Contractor [Water Noise mcinstrucio provided; Contervanct BuWate machinery, (3) Work methods with low noise will be selected and Conservancy Bureau ve and construction vehicles in compliance with noise control concrete mixing standard be used; (4) Vehicles for the works will be repaired and improved in time, to do a better job in construction civilization and avoid noise due to improper maintenance of construction machinery; (5) Protection against noise will be strengthened for construction workforce, such as providing ear plugs. (1) The work site will be enclosed, and railing and barriers be provided around the site to reduce impact of flying dust to the surrounding area; (2) The excavated soil will be covered or sprayed with Ambient air Caused by water (twice a day), and be removed in a timely Contractor /Water environment excavation manner; ConservancyBureau (3) Labor protection for site workforce will be strengthened, and face guards will be used by workforce during works with dust; (4) The wheels of transport vehicles will be cleaned, and trucks will not be overloaded. Trees and grass will be planted promptly after Water Conservancy Ecological Reduction or completion of works. During works, land will be Bureau /Greening environment loss of species preserved for biological cultural site, and species to be Admeinistration introduced will be acclimated in the site first. Cultural Not found till Work will be halt immediately upon such discovery, Contractor /Water and report will be made to the relics protection a er relics now department, and the site will be properly protected. Conservancy Bureau 133 Item Environmental Mitigation measures Implementation/ problem supenrision (1) Solid waste from excavation and demolishing will be recycled whenever possible, and the underwater section of construction cofferdam that cannot be used and sludge from the works will be placed in designated sludge disposal area. Impact of soil (2) After completion of sludge disposal site, it will be sion to fari covered and leveled, and the ridge soil of original fish Contractor /Water Sludge land ponds and surface soil of the low-lying land will be Conservancy Bureau disposal used to cover the dried sludge. During cofferdam filling and sludge disposal area covering and leveling, ditch opening for drain and side slope protection will be properly done, to avoid soil erosion. After leveling, the sludge disposal area will be restored as area for plantation. Effluent from Drain ditches, effluent sedimentation tanks and plant Contractor /Water sediment cleaning isolation belts will be made for the landfills, to Conservancy Bureau disposal site clean the treatment effluent. (1) Importance will be attached to sanitation and epidemic prevention in the work sites, construction workforce will go through physical examination before entering the site and also periodical examinations during the works, to safeguard their health; (2) The publicizing and education on sanitation and epidemic prevention will be enhanced on work sites to Public Disease caused build up the awareness of self-prevention by Contractor /Water health by concentration construction workforce and do a good job in sanitation Conservancy Bureau of people and epidemic prevention on site; (3) Management regulations on sanitation will be worked out for the site, inspections on the sanitation conditions on site will be strengthened, and attention will be paid to food hygiene and environmental sanitation on site. (4) Labor protection commodities will be prepared, such as earplug and protecting cap. Table 9.3-2 Mitigation measures for Wuxi Wuli Lake rehabilitation component during operation period Item Environmental Mitigation measures Implementation/ Item ~problem Mtgtomesessupervision Water Pollution Pollution sources to the lake will be controlled and treated, Wuli Lake Water Area environment sources to the and the construction of lakeside WWTP will be Adminaistration /EPB lake implemented as early as possible. Water will be changed at appropriate time using the water change project and water level control project, and rational Water bloom dispatching will be conducted by the water level control aertion and project, to change the water flow status and structure in the Wuli Lake Water Area eption hanad lake, to make the water body disturbed frequently. This will Administration /EPB flood hazard improve the water quality in Wuli Lake, minimize the possibility of algae blooming and the harm of flood to the existence and growth of living creatures in Wuli Lake. It is suggested to make the following supplements: Pollution from Vessels will be equipped with oil and water separators, and Wuli Lake Water Area vessels it is strictly forbidden for vessels to discharge wastewater or Administration /EPB throw rubbish into river channels. 134 Domestic It is suggested to make the follo'wing supplements: wastevxater in Treatment stations for domestic wastewater and rubbish will Wuli Lake Water Area project be built in the management zone for centralized treatment of Administration /EPB management domyestic wastewater and rubbish. zone Water quality Water will be changed at appropriate time using the water deterioration of change project and water level control project, and rational rer networatlk° dispatching will be conducted by the water level control Wuli Lake Water Area rived Woli project, to change the water flow status and structure in the Administration /EPB Lake lake, improving water quality of river network around Wuli Lake. Land Flowers, grass and green fences will be planted in large area Ecoloa ad within the hub area. On the embankments of both banks, a environment relocation and arbor species easy to grow will be planted. The total green Adniinistrater Aea v eling ofspoil area will not be less than 30% of the land area taken by the project. to prevent soil erosion. 9.4 Pollution Mitigation Measures for WWTPs The environmental protection measures for the Project WWTPs during construction and operation period are given in Tables 9.4-1 and 9.4-2. Table 9.4-1 Mitigation measures for WWTPs during construction period Environmental .. . Implementation Item prble Mitigation measures up . .iso problem /supervision For the slurry wastewater produced during construction, simple sedimentation tanks of different sizes will be built Contractor /Suzhou Construction according to requirements in different stages of works. After Qingyuan sedimentation, the supernatant will be discharged into nearby Construction Co., wastewater rivers, and sediment will be disposed of periodically as solid Ltd./ Wastewater waste, to avoid blocking sewers or polluting the water bodies Treatment in rivers. Corporation of Loss of building Wuzhong district Water materials and Enclosing for construction will be built to avoid building in Suzhou, environment materials such as sand and aggregates being flushed away by Wastewater blocking of rainwater to block sewers Teater sewers Treatment Temporary toilets will be built in the living quarters of Corporation of Domestic construction workforce and in work areas, the wastewater Xishan and wastewater from will be treated in septic tanks before being discharged into Huishan district in construction the urban sewer system. The feces in septic tank will be Wuxi/ Sanitation workforce disposed of by the environmental sanitation department department regularly. Pollution by ,iyg Management will be strengthened to mitigate the impact of Contractor /Suzhou vati loadi flying dust: (1) building materials will be placed at Qingyuan excavaioi, lon:.ng designated locations, and leeward direction of sensitive spots Construction Co., and urnoading, whenever possible, with a certain distance; (2) water can be Ltd./ Wastewater stacking and sprayed to suppress dust in windy weather, road surfaces Treatment trisportin the with frequent traffic and spoil will be kept at a certain Corporation of works and by dust moisture level by frequent water spraying, and when Wuzhong district Ambient air produced rn cement conditions pennit, building materials can be covered to in Suzhou, environment transport and prevent dust from flying. Wastewater mixing Treatment Pollution by waste (1) Repair and maintenance of construction machinery and Corporation of gas from transport vehicles will be strengthened at normal time, and it Xishan and construction is forbidden to operate diesel fuelled construction machinery Huishan district in and vehicles overload, to reduce discharge of waste gas; trapt ehicle (2) Traffic control will be properly done to avoid traffic jam department and reduce waste gas emission. Noise Disturbing the (1) Relevant rules will be strictly followed during operation: Contractor /Suzhou Noise normal life of contractors will strengthen the monitoring and control of Qingyuan 135 Item Environmental Mitigation measures Implementation problem /supervision nearby residents construction noise, strictly implement the noise limits for Construction Co., daytime and night in "Noise standard for boundary of Ltd./ Wastewater construction sites" (GB 12523-90), make reasonable Treatment arrangement for works to minimize the noise impact. Piling Corporation of machines must not be used during night. When works with Wuzhong district noise exceeding the standard has to be done for special in Suzhou, needs, application will be made to the environment Wastewater protection institution in advance, and works can be done only Treatment after approval; Corporation of (2) It is forbidden to use machinery and equipment not Xishan and conforming to the noise emission standard of the state: Huishan district in contractors will chose work methods with low noise, select Wuxi vehicles conforming to "Permissible noise standard for motorized vehicles" (GB1495-79), and prevent machinery, equipment and transport vehicles not conforming the noise emission standard of the state from entering the site; (3)Providing noise shielding: mobile simple noise shielding can beprovided near noise sources, and enclosing panels will be set up around the work site, to shorten the noise spreading distance; (4) Traffic control of transport vehicles will be strengthened: traffic control near the work siteswill be strengthened, and transport vehicles will minimize the use of horns; (5)Noise protection for construction workforce will be strengthened: construction workforce working in intense noise environment will wear protection articles against noise, and the exposure time will be minimized according to relevant provisions in labor protection rules. Contractor /Suzhou (1) Submit the disposal plan for construction and domestic Qingyuan rubbish: before starting the works, contractors shall submit Construction Co., the disposal plan for construction rubbish and work spoil to Ltd./ Wastewater Larogeamount of the department in charge of spoil and debris in Suzhou, and Treatment Spoil from spoil from work can be started only after obtaining the approval. Corporation of works and lioknsltruction Its (2) Centralized piling and disposal: the spoil and Wuzhong district construction ey to resu construction rubbish produced during works will be piled at in Suzhou, rubbish secondarY designated locations. The piling place will facilitate Wastewater pollution in case transport, is far from rivers and sewers to avoid polluting the Treatment ofbad weather rivers and blocking the sewer. The piled spoil and Corporation of construction rubbish will be cleaned and removed in a timely Xishan and manner. Huishan district in Wuxi Resettlement (1)Preparing resettlement plan and obeying corresponding aostion of laws ofPRC. Relocation Rsenia cnseeruntwo, (2)Economic compensation office/Local area sewernetnwork, (3)Provide corresponding or better house to relocate the Government WWT'P and . residents nearby pumping station 136 1 Table 9.4-2 Mitigation measures for WWTPs during operation period Item Environmental Mitigation measures Implementation problem /supervision (1)The Class Ipollutants must be monitored at outlet oftreatment facilities and pre-treatment or production limitation will be conducted until meet the pipe-connection standard in accordance with 4.2.1.1 Influent the item described in "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard exceeding (GB8978-1996)", pipe-colnnnction (2)Local environmental department shall strengthen the monitoring of standard wastewater discharge from enterprises, to prevent discharge exceeds standard. Local environmental department will restrict discharge and pick up penalty once effluent exceeds the standard, (3) Cleaner production audit will be strengthened. For details see Environmental Water relevant annex of EA report. Protection enionet(1) In the daily work ofWWTPs, equipment will be maintained Section environment periodically in strict accordance with technical requirements. Repair WWtPs/ EPB and maintenance of wastewater treatment equipment will be strengthened, to keep all facilities in plants in sound working Effluent conditions, ensure the normal operation ofwastewater treatment exceeding the facilities, and avoid accidental pollutant discharge resulted from discharge hidden perils ofequipment, standard (2)Local environmental department shall strengthen the monitoring of wastewater discharge from the treatment plant, to prevent discharge exceeding the load: when the effluent flow or concentration from a treatment plant exceeds the standard, the effluent will be stabilized using the conditioning tank. (1)Various set monitoring instruments will be maintained periodically for normal operation, to monitor and control the odor; (2) Good ventilation will be provided when workforce entering the pump house, to avoid excessive H2S injuring human bodies, Ambient air Odor from bar, (3) In case ofwastewater pipe damage producing leakage or overflow, EP Section of environment screen tanks and actions will be taken in strict accordance with the measures against WWTP /EPB reaction tanks risks and accident, (4) As odor from a WWTP is unavoidable, it is necessary to build a green belt to form a green barrier for reducing the impact from odor and noise to the environment. Trees with good effect in absorbing odor gas and cleaning air, such as rosebay, can be planted. (1)Select low noise equipment to reduce the noise level from sources; (2) Make reasonable arrangement ofnoise equipment, to separate the high-noise zones and low-noise zones, and locate the high-noise equipment far from offices and residential quarters, to reduce the noise impact, Measures to reduce vibration can be provided for motor-driven pumps and motors; (3) Adopt noise isolation and suppression measures. For mechanical equipment and pumps emitting high noise, silencers will be provided Noise Noise from according to the noise spectrum characteristics. For major noise EP Section of equipment sources, acoustic rooms or shields can be provided when operation WWTP /EPB conditions permit, working workforce in intense noise environment will wear labor protection articles and the exposure time will be minimized according to relevant provisions in labor protection rules. (4) Strengthen the afforestation in the plant area. A green belt will be formed around the high-noise zone to reduce noise. (5) The transport ofsludge will be followed specified route at specified time, to avoid adverse effect to the surrounding environment; Affecting (1)The amount of sludge produced will be precisely calculated, and Sludgeenvomel sludge will be transported and disposed periodically on the basis of EP Section of sanitation the sludge produced, to avoid secondary pollution by sludge not WWTP /EPB disposed ofin time, 137 Item Environmental mitigation measures Implementation problem /supervision (2) Reduce the impact to environment during transport of sludge: as the sludge has high water content and diffuses odor, enclosed vehicles will be used for its transport. The transport will be done along specified route at time to avoid adverse effect to the surrounding environment. As part of wastewater comes from enterprises, the following measures will be taken into account: (1)Leaching test will be adopted within 3months ofWWTP operation regularly. If the sludge is not hazardous matter, It will be transported to Taohuashan and Qizishan landfill, (2) Otherwise, it will be disposed at hazardous wastes disposal center to be built by the end of 2006 in accordance with the document (Suhuanji[2002] No. 18) issued by Development and Planning Commission of Jiangsu Province. (I) The mechanical equipment, pipes and lines, cables and bar screens in the plant will be maintained and cleaned periodically, to get rid of Impact from any hidden peril ofaccident at the initial stage; the power supply must accidental have double lines, to ensure power supply will not be interrupted; discharge of (2) Emergency measures for specific accidents will be worked out, so pollutant that control and solution can be done promptly in case of an accident; Pollutant (3)In case of an accident, the cause will be found out as soon as possible, to organize prompt repair and to solve the problem in the shortest possible time, to prevent spreading ofpollution. EP Section of (1) Strengthen the management to ensure normal operation of the WWTP /EPB Risks and WWTP; accidents (2) Before repair workforce entering the site and during the repair, Harm from there shall be specific workforce at the working site to monitor toxic toxic and and harmful gases such as H2A, and first-aid equipment and vehicles harmful gases will be get ready at the repair spot, to ensure the safety ofrepair workforce; (3)Repair workforce entering wells shall wear face guards, and will leave the spot immediately when feeling bad, or ringing for help. The flood demands and measures of Wuzhong WWTP are under consideration of Wuzhong development district. EA team proposed Flood risk that the surface of the WWTP will be filled-up and the wall up to 5.3m. (1)To ensure steady operation of the WWTP, the maintenance and Blocking and management of pipe network will be strengthened, to prevent Sewer lea°kageoflpipe sediment from blocking the pipes to lower the water flow ability; EP Section of network laget wof (2) Leakage will be prevented for connection ofinterception pipe WWTP /EPB network network, and environmental problems such as underground water and ground foundation becoming voided will be avoided. Mitigation measures of potential environmental impacts for WWTPs list respectively as follow: (I) Control measures on total load of pollutant in WWTPs of Loujiang and Fuxing dominated with domestic wastewater will be strengthened, more efforts will be made to cut down NH3-N, the treatment effect on NH3-N will be taken into further consideration in process, to raise the removal rate ofNH3-N; (2) Sewerage construction of Wuzhong WWTP must cross-over the Grand canal and do impact to navigation. So navigation notice will be advertised to remind ships. Construction time would better arranged at drought period (Dec.-May), (3) Flood protection demand and specific measures are under consideration of Wuzhong development zone. It is recommended that the surface of Wuzhong WWTP must be pilled-up and the wall of plant must up to 5.3 m before specific measures be implemented. (4) If emergency discharge of Loujiang WWTP and reciprocal flow at Loujiang River happens, Jinji 138 Lake Industrial Park Management Committee will be notified in time and wastewater will be prevented from Jinji Lake according to adjustment and control of water locks. If emergency discharge of Fuxing WWTP happens, water conservancy management departments of Dushu Lake and Shi Lake will be notified in time and wastewater will be prevented from these Lakes according to adjustment and control of water locks. Emergency discharge of Dongting and Anzhen WWTP will do impact to downstream river--Wangyu River which diverts water from Yangtze River to Tai Basin, so management will be strengthened and countermeasures will be prepared. 139 Section 10 Resettlement of Immigrants and Implementation Plan This is an abstract from "Resettlement Action plan for TBUEP". See that plan for details. 10.1 Impact of Land Acquisition and Resettlement of Immigrants 10.1.1 Impact of Land Acquisition This Project covers about 908.42 mu land permanently. A permanent acquisition of 23.9 mu is required for wastewater control component along the Grand Canal in Suzhou. There will be temporary acquisition of collective household land necessary for sediment treatment in river dredging, and no permanent is necessary. No further land acquisition will be required because a piece of state-owned land has been preserved for Fuxing, Loujiang and Wuzhong WWTP. For details, refer to Table I0.1- 1. Wuli Lake rehabilitation component of Wuxi will acquire a piece of land of 388.224 mu which is from collective households. State-owned 180.0 mu land will be used for phase I of Chengbei (Huishan) WWTP. 46.4 mu and 34.2 mu land are used for expansion of Dongting WWTP, Anzhen WWTP and pump station respectively For details, refer to Table 10.1-2. Table 10.1-1 Permanent land acquisition for Suzhou components Unit: mu Occupied hicluding Description ofComponents Area From Collective From the Remarks Household State Polluted water control components 23.9 8.44 15.46 Including: Xujiang Hub 14.0 8.44 5.56 -- Shangtang Shiplock 9.9 0 9.9 River dredging components 0 0 0 Phase 11 construction ofWWTPs 91.5 0 91.5 Including: Fuxing WWTP 46.5 0 46.5 Use preserved land Loujiang WWTP 45.0 0 45.0 Wuzhong WWTP 140 0 140 Use preserved land Total 255.4 8.44 246.96 -- Table 10.1-2 Permanent land acquisition for Suzhou components Unit: mu Occupied Including Component Item Area Collective State Remark land land Wuli Lake rehabilitation Sub total 388.224 388.224 0.0 Including cultivatable land: 212.89 mu componaken rehabllltatl Embankment rehabilitation 333.16 333.16 0.0 Including cultivatable land: 203.27 mu component Sluice gate 55.06 55.06 0.0 Including cultivatable land: 9.62 mu Huishan WWTP Phase I WWTP area 180.0 0.0 180.0 and sewrage network Pumping ststion 4.2 0.0 4.2 Including cultivatable land: 150.09 mu Dongting WWTP 46.4 25.0 221.4 Xishan District WWTPs Pumping station expansion 1.4 0.0 1.4 and sewrage network Anzhen WWTP 30.0 30.0 0.0 Pumping station 4.2 0.0 4.2 Total 653.02 443.22 209.8 A total of 8174.17 mu temporary land will be used for this project. No temporary land acquisition will be occupied for Fuxing and Loujiang WWTPs. There will be 786.6 mu area of fishponds and water ponds at Xingyu villiage of Huqiu Town for sludge disposal for two years in river network dredging and rehabilitation. A temporary land acquisition is 55.0 mu for polluted water control component for 2 years. 532.56 mu temporary land acquisition will be for pipeline construction of Wuzhong WWTP. All those occupy the greening lands. For details oftemporary land acquisition, refer to Table 10.1-3. A temporary land acquisition of 10.35 mu will be required for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component of Wuxi for one year. A temporary land acquisition of 6789.66 mu will be used for expansion of Huishan WWTP, Dongting WWVTP and pipeline construction of Anzhen WWTP for 3 months. For details, refer to Table 10.1-4. 140 Table 10.1-3 Temporary land acquisition for Suzhou components Unit: mu Description of Components Occupied Including Area State land Collective land Polluted water control components 55.0 18.9 36.1 Including: Xujiang Hub 32.6 15.7 16.9 Shangtang Shiplock 22.4 3.2 19.2 River dredging components and sewerage network 786.6 0 786.6 Phase 11construction ofWWTPs 0 0 0 Wuzhong WWTP 532.56 532.56 0 Total 1,374.16 551.46 822.7 Table 10.14 Temporary land acquisition for Wuxi components Unit: mu Occupied Including Description of Components Area Collective State Remarks land land Wuli Lake rehabilitation component 10.35 10.35 0.0 Cultivated land Including: Embankment rehabilitation 10.35 10.35 0.0 Occupied period: I Sluice gate component 0.0 0.0 0.0 year Phase I of Chengbei (Huishan) WWTP and sewrage 1,939.7 0.0 1,939.7 network Expansion of Dongting WWTP and sewrage network 1057.47 0.0 1057.47 Sewrage land Anzhen WWTP and sewrage network 3792.49 0.0 3792.49 Total 6800.01 10.35 6789.66 10.1.2 Residential Housing Affected The residential housing is only affected by the polluted water control components along the Grand Canal in Suzhou. No residential housing pull down will emerge from the network dredging, Fuxing, Loujiang and Wuzhong WWTPs. Pull down will be necessary within 15m to the isle (Hengtang Grain Depot) formed by the Xujiang River and the Grand Canal in the side of Xujiang River, due to the ship lock structure and construction based on the Feasibility Study Report of Waste Water Control Component for the Grand Canal. Also, pull down will be required within 15m to the northern bank of north branch of the Xujiang River. Table 10. 1-5 is referred to the affected residential housing. And pull down for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component of Wuxi, no pull down for sewerage construction of Huishan WWTP, Dongting and Anzhen WWTP. The detailed information is shown in Table 10.1-6. Table 10.1-5 Residential housing affected from Suzhou components Unit: m2 Numof ~~Area Area Component Household Numiof Brick & Brick & Storied Number Members Total Concrete Timber Simple Building Flat house Mixed Mixed Polluted water control 9 40 3,367 2,442 465 460 2,442 925 River network dredging 0 0 0 0 0 1,883 0 1,883 Loujiang, Fuxing WWTP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wuzhong WWTP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 9 40 3,367 2,442 465 2,343 0 2,808 Table 10.1-6 Residential housing affected from Wuli Lake component Unit: m2 Area Component Description Household People Brick & Brick & Remarks Number affected Total Concrete Timber Simple Mixed Mixed Wuli Lake rehabilitation component 167 734 50,600 50,600 0.0 0.0 Including: Enbankment rehabilitation 151 683 48,400 48,400 0.0 0.0 Sluice gate 16 51 2,200 2,200 0.0 0.0 141 10.1.3 Affected Enterprises A total of 6,3 06m2 plant area involving 8 enterprises will be affected in construction of wastewater control along the Grand Canal in Suzhou. For details, refer to 10.1-7. Institutions and enterprises of same number as in Suzhou affected in Wuli Lake rehabilitation component of Wuxi. A total of 55,850m 2 plant area, consisting of 55,700m2 for brick and concrete housing and 150 m2 for simple housing is involved in pull down. Detail is shown in Table 10.1-8. Table 10.1-7 Enterprises affected from Suzhou component Unit: m2 Total Area of Housing to be Removed Remarks No. Company Rebar & Brick & Brick & Total concrete concrete Timber S&mple miixed mixed TibrSml I Hengtang Food and Oil Factory of Suzhou 1,177 5 980 197 0 2 Xingshen Hot Shrink Membrane Factory 300 0 300 0 35 Rent from Hengtang Grain Store 3 Xingteng Bean Product Manufacturing Plant 380 0 300 0 80 Ditto 4 Stores ofSoda Company 360 0 360 0 0 Ditto 5 Shunchang Yarn Factory 376 0 268 96 12 Rent from Jingwei Housing Co., Ltd. 6 Jingwei Housing Co., Ltd ofSuzhou 0 0 0 0 0 Its areas included in the above item 7 Suangqiao Industry Company 1,215 0 1,070 95 50 8 Stores of Candy and Food Co., Ltd. 2,498 0 2,075 0 0 Sub- Class IV area 3,843 5 3,278 388 177 total Class V area 2,498 0 2,075 0 0 Total 6,306 0 5,353 388 177 Table 10.1-8 Enterprises affected from Wuxi component Unit: m2 Total Area ofHousing to be Removed Component No. Company Rebar & Brick & Brick & Remarks Total Concrete Concrete Timber Simple Mixed Mixed I Huguan Power Auxiliary Machine Plant 10,000 10,000 2 Jingcheng Hotel 1,100 1,100 3 Petrochemical Equipment Co., Ltd 23,000 23,000 Wuli lake 4 Nanchang Bellows Factory 14,500 14,500 rehabilitation 5 Jinhong Company 5,000 5,000 6 Kaiming Metal Product Company 2,000 2,000 7 Meidai Textile Company 150 150 8 Engineering Management Department 100 ofBinghu Garden Greening Total 55,850 55,700 150 10.2 Resettlement Principle Land acquisition and immigrants resettlement (LAP) project is aimed to ensure housing level of residents to be affected is improved or restored to original level. This principle of "improvement" or " restoration of original level" coincides with the laws of the People's Republic of China and policy on migrant settlement issued by the World Bank (OP4.12). In order to maintain or improve the living and housing standards of family and individuals to be affected, adequate compensation and employment choices must be provided to them. Land acquisition and migrant settlement are carried out in accordance with the Management Law on New Land Application issued in 1998, revised at August 29 of 1998 by the people's legislature of China and entered into force at January I of 1999. The principle of immigrant resettlement is inclusive of: * Minimizing or avoiding land acquisition and immigrant resettlement through analysis of alternatives. For example, no selection of multi-storied buildings where a large quantity of people gathers (the pipe should be laid under building bottom to reduce the impact to people ifthe building has to be involved); 142 * All compensation should be paid to affected people in time; * Improvement or maintenance ofsame housing level for the affected people; * Favorable policies such as compensation, subsidy for housing, school change and employment are applied on the poor people; * An adjacent location will be selected for maintaining of the original social links * Reduction of numbers of land acquisition and housing removed on enterprises and social agents, reduction of enterprises' downtime and adequate compensation for their losses. The enterprises and agents to be affected must be assisted in resettlement and restoration of their trade and production provided they have to move; * Make sure of participation of the people to be affected into policy determination and land acquisition and preparation works for resettlement; * Completion of survey and timely operation. 10.3 Compensation Standard 10.3.1 Compensation Standard for Land Acquisition The land acquired for this project is of planning type in urban districts and not included in basic agricultural scopes. The unit price of compensation for permanent land acquisition shall be determined in view of the equivalent items in the built urban areas. For the temporary land acquisition, compensation will be performed based on the duration and the consequent losses. The compensation standard ofSuzhou is shown in Table 10.3-1, and compensation standard of Wuxi in Table 10.3-2. Table 10.3-1 Compensation standardof land acquisition for Suzhou Component Unit: RMB/mu Items Compensation Standard 1.Pennanently acquired collective household country land Compensation for non agricultural land application 176,500 Overhead payment for land acquisition (2%of total costs) 3,500 2.Permanent acquisition of state-owned land (areas in Class IV) 482,760 Employment payment ofthe state-owned land (60% to the original employer of the land) 284,000 Employment payment ofthe state-owned land (40% to the government) 189,300 Overhead payment of the state-owned land transfer ( 2%of total costs) 9,460 3.Permanent acquisition of state-owned land (areas in Class V) 448,800 Employment payment ofthe state-owned land (60% to the original employer ofthe land) 264,000 Employment payment of the state-owned land (40% to the government) 176,000 Overhead payment ofthe state-owned land transfer ( 2%oftotal costs) 8,800 4.Temporary acquisition of collective household country land (fish ponds) Compensation for young crops 2,000 Compensation for temporary land acquisition (RMB/mula) 2,000 Cost of land re-cultivation 2,000 Overhead oftemporary land acquisition (1.5 RMB/m2) 1,000 5.Temporary acquisition ofnon agricultural lands in urban districts Rent for temporary land acquisition (RMUBmuIa) 3,250 Overhead of temporary land acquisition (1.5 RMB/m2) 1,000 143 Table 10.3-2 Compensation standard of land acquisition for Wuxi component Unit: RMB/mu Components Locations Compensation Classes Compensation Standards Permanent land acquisition State-owned land Free transfer Wuli Lake rehabilitation B.h D.t.t Collective household land 50,000 component Bmgu isnc Temporary land acquisition State-owned land Free acquisition Collective household land 2,400 Huishan WWTP and Huishan District State-owned land Free acquisition sewerage network Permanent land acquisition State-owned land Free transfer Dongtig and Anzhen Collective household land 48,000 WWTP and sewerage Xishan District Teprr lan acusto network Temporary land acquisition State-owned land Free acquisition Collective household land 2,400 10.3.2 Compensation Standard for Urban Houses' Pull Down The compensation standard for urban houses' pull down in water quality improvement of Suzhou is shown in Table 10.3-3. And Table 10.3-4 is referred to compensation standard for non-commercial housing in water quality improvement of Suzhou. Table 10.3-3 Compensation standard ofurban houses for Suzhou component Unit: RMB/m2 Structure Class House Class Remarks Class I Class 11 Class Re Mixed Structure 2,289.07 2,169.76 2,053.08 Common multi-storied MixedStructure2,169.76 2,289.07 2,053.08 buildings of Class I Brick &Timber Structure 2,312.36 2,179.39 2,047.9 Note: (1) Those houses involving in this project are all located in the areas of Class IV The classified unit price is calculated from 1,650 RMB/m2 ; (2) The compensation price of all houses in classes is referred to the reference price, and the basic resettlement price will be determined practically according to the assessment results. Table 10.3-4 Compensation standard of non-commercial housing for Suzhou Component Unit: RMB/m2 Housing Structure and Area Class Structure Class Class IVAreas (710) Class VAreas (660) Class I Class 11 Class Im Class I Class 11 Class m1 Remarks Steel structure 1,863 1,450.3 / 1,813 1,400.3 / Public building Rebar &concrete structure / 1,655.1 1,401.2 / 1,605.1 1,351.2 Mixed structure 1,349.1 1,229.8 1,113.1 1,299.1 1,179.8 1,063.1 Multi-storied building Brick & timber structure 1,372.4 1,239.4 1,107.9 1,322.4 1,189.4 1,057.9 Note: (1) Non-commercial houses of the enterprises to be removed in this project are located in areas ofClass IV or Class V The classified unit price is calculated from 710 RMB/M2 or 660 RMB/m2; (2) The compensation price of all houses in classes is referred to the reference price, and the basic resettlement price will be deternined practically according to the assessment results. In Wuxi, pulldown of houses will be seen only in Wuli Lake comprehensive rehabilitation components. The compensation standard for pulldown of country houses will be determined with reference to the relative documents issued by municipal government of Wuxi and equivalent projects based on the laws and the housing resettlement prices in areas. Monetary compensation for houses of different structures is shown in Table 10.3-5 (the land price is excluded from the compensation). 144 Table 10.3-5 Compensation standard of houses with different structures for Wuxi component Unit: RMB/m2 Type Compensation standard for Remarks Wuli Lake rehabilitation House of rebar &concrete 600 People involved in the pull down is Housedof btrickure&concrepeasants. Their house site can be gained free mixed structure 350 of charge. The land price is not included in the resettlement price. A subsidy ofland House of brick &timber mixed 280 price, 450 RMB/m2 will be available in case structure ofpurchase of resettlement houses. House of simple structure 180 10.4 Resettlement Plan 10.4.1 Immigrants Resettlement for Land Acquisition 10.4.1.1 Immigrants Resettlement for Land Acquisition in Suzhou (1) Immigrant Resettlement for Pernanent Land Acquisition No immigrant resettlement from agricultural areas is involved because the land acquired permanently is from country collective household and of non-agricultural type. (2) Immigrant Resettlement for Temporary Land Acquisition The fishponds and water ponds of Huqiu Town will be used for temporary purposes in network dredging and rehabilitation component. Compensation will be carried out at a rate of 2,000 RMB/mu.year and based on the duration because benefits can be gained from the fishponds production and economic losses are resulted in the temporary acquisition. The compensation might account for the economic losses to the pond keeper to be immigrated due to the temporary acquisition. The land will be returned and costs for re-cultivation will be paid for reuse by the project office after the temporary acquisition is over. The fish pond owner will be paid based on the resettlement price owing to the fact the fish pond cannot be returned to its original application or its equipment has to be changed for other purposes because the fish pond is only suitable for cultivatable land to produce other than fish production after the pond is filled with the sludge. This zone has been determined as a ecological zone of Suzhou based on the city's middle and long term planning. Therefore, the lands returned to cultivation after the temporary acquisition is over, will be used to plant flowers and seedling trees, then expanded to a flower and seeding tree base covering itself, Wuxi and Shanghai and other adjacent areas with its products, in conjunction with the geological situation, resource condition and manpower condition, existing production and development condition and immigration plan. It is believable that better economic and social benefits will be consequent by market analysis for large quantities of flowers and seedling trees are required for greening and landscaping in urbanization and modem construction in southern Jiangsu. The land can be used to plant flowers and trees with the existing plant methods available to the villages. The land can be used by the flowers and trees companies, which should enter into a contract with the village committee and the land contractor. The flower and trees companies will pay for the land rent at 500 RMB/mu annually. In addition, the fishpond employees can find their opportunity to work in flowers and trees planting. Their daily payment will be from 20 to 30 RMB per day, and the annual income will be 6,000 to 9,000 RMB from 300 working days. The fish pond owners affected in the temporary acquisition are allowed to enter a contract to cultivate the land restored after acquisition voluntarily or engage in flowers and trees planting for economic gain. The average income of each mu per year will be from 3,000 to 8,000 RMB based on the research results of this area. Each family will have an annually income of 24,000 to 64,000 RMB calculated from the eight (8) mu contracted by one family. The village owns a total of thirteen (13) enterprises. Those enterprises all have a good business operation and stable income sources. The young immigrant manpower will be recommended to work in these enterprises ifthey are willing. Their annual income will be about 8,600 RMB. 145 There are cultivable lands available for the breeders affected in the land acquisition. Some of the manpower will be employed in the village enterprises. Not only the original income level can be reached but be improved through the benefits from the land restored to cultivation and the income from employment. 10.4.1.2 Immigrant Resettlement for Land Acquisition in Wuxi There are two (2) resettlement ways available for immigration in land acquisition: exchange of lands for the villages with lands; insurance will be provided for men above 50 age and women above 40 (monthly pension is 200 RMB/month), and the governments will be responsible for employment of the men from 16 to 50 and women from 16 to 40 to the villages without lands. For the resettlers covered by the social insurance, their social insurance payment will be deposited into social insurance fund at one time by the land acquisition executor. Refer to Table 10.4-1 for resettlement plan of Wuli Lake rehabilitation component. Table 10.4-1 Resettlement plan of land acquisition for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component Item Acquired Land Resettlement Plan item Village Names Numbers Land Types Property Numbers Resettlement Ways Description ~~~~(mu) (Person) 25 persons for aged Ludianqiao Village 69.5 Co11 88 insurance; 63 for of Liyuan Town olective employment by governments Liyuan Village of 15 0 Non agricultural land: Collective 0 Liyuan Town 15.0 mu Paddy land: 69.0 mu, 16 for aged Embankment Meihu Village of 92.0 orchard: 3mu non Collective 96 insurance; 80 for rehabilitation Liyuan Town agricultural land: 20.0 land exchange mu Daiqiao Village of 76.0 Non agricultural land Collective 0 Tai Town Mixiang Village of Paddy land: 65.27 mu, 31 for aged Tai Town 68.27 non agricultural land: 3.0 Collective 87 insurance; 56 for mu land exchange Daifu Village of 12.39 Orchard: 7.39 mu, non Collective 10 10 for land Daifu Town agricultural land: 5.0 mu exchange Xiaoxuangang Huanhu Village of 1.09 Orchard land Collective I I for land exchange sluice gate Liyuan Town Resident Dongxsighe Committee of 0.099 Construction land Collective 0 sluice gate Xinan Changfenghe Greening sluice gate Depaxtnetn of 0.099 Construction land Collective 0 sluice gate Binghu District Xianj Xiyuanlong nmgbang Village ofLiyuan 0.148 Construction land Collective 0 sluice gate Town Changguanxi Xushe Village of 1.14 Orchard land Collective 2 2 for land exchange sluice gate Daifu Town Miaodongban Xiyuanlong g sluice gate Village of Liyuan 0.148 Construction land Collective 0 Town Caowangjing Daiqiao Village of 32.27 Construction land Collective 0 hub Tai Town Caowangjing Daiqiao Village of 0.23 Construction land Collective 0 sluice gate Tai Town Maligang Daiqiao Village of 1.95 Construction land Collective 0 sluice gate Tai Town Banqiaogang Daiqiao Village of 17.74 Construction land Collective 0 sluice gate Tai Town Huanhuhe Huanhu Village of 0.15 Construction land Collective 0 culvert bridge Liyuan Town Total 388.224 284 146 Nianyu Village of Anzhen Town, far away from the city and with considerable cultivatable land areas. Refer to Table 10.4-2 for resettlement plan for Anzhen WWTP. Table 10.4-2 Resettlement and Immigration of land acquisition forAnzhen WWTP Quantity of land Land Land Resettlement ways Component Village acquisition (mu) type property (Person) ways Anzhen WWTP Nianyu 30.0 Paddy Collective 30 Exchange of Village land household land 10.4.2 Resettlement from Removal 10.4.2.1 Residential Resettlement in Suzhou Compensation will be carried out in monetary way, by providing with resettlement houses or houses with lower rent to poorly paid families in Suzhou. Immigrants have a wider range of choices to resettle themselves based on their financial conditions and personal demand. A system of constructing and offering the commercial houses for specified customers had been set up for satisfactory resettlement of the residents and convenient procurement of their houses to those unable to afford to common commercial houses by the municipal government of Suzhou in 2002. For those who have houses with large area removed, each family can buy one or two houses specified for this purpose. Areas of such houses can be divided into 50, 65, 75 or 90m with the price 1,900 to 2,200 RMB/m . The detailed prices will be decided according to the area division and storey, and will be lower than the compensation price for the pull down. So, not only restoration but also improvement of housing condition can be realized in the pull down. 10.4.2.2 Residential Resettlement in Wuxi Resettlement will be performed in monetary way, by providing resettlement houses or construction of houses by immigrants themselves. The immigrants are entitled to make choice of their favorite resettlement way in accordance with their own financial condition and personal demand. Wuxi is rich in supply of houses. The houses can be found available around the areas to be involved in the components because the houses are scattered in Wuxi districts. The immigrants might make free choice of their houses on the housing markets according to their economic affording after being compensated monetarily Resettlement areas will be built up for the immigrants from the key construction projects by the governments. The prices of such houses located in resettlement areas will be about 600 RMB/m2 (the market price is ca. 1,700 RMB/m2 ). Each immigrant is limited to 35m2. However, immigrants are allowed to buy such houses exceeding the limits but they have to pay at the market prices for the margin between the limitation area and the actual area. Construction of the areas will be followed by the facilities such as water supply, power supply, traffic capacity, gas source, communication and cable TV connection. Also, schools, post offices, bank, bazaars, bus stations and hospitals will be set up around the areas for the settlers. 10.4.3 Resettlement of Enterprises and Institutions 10.4.3.1 Resettlement of Enterprises and Institutions in Suzhou Only small parts, store rooms or auxiliary facilities of Hengtang Food and Oil Factory of Suzhou, Stores of Candy and Food Co., Ltd. of Suzhou, Shunchang Yarn Factory, Jingwei Housing Co., Ltd. of Suzhou and Suangqiaocun Depot will have to be removed because of component construction while operation and business of those enterprises will not be affected. Those enterprises are satisfied with suitable compensation because they don't want to relocate based on their own planning. For details, refer to Table 10.4-3. 147 Table 10.4-3 Resettlement for removal enterprises of Suzhou Company Iinpact Extent Resettlement Ways Hengtang Food and Oil Factory of Suzhou Partial Monetary compensation, internal exchange ofproduction areas Xingshen Hot Shrink Membrane Factory Whole Monetary compensation, proceeding with rent of rooms of ofSuzhou Hengtang Food and Oil Factory of Suzhou for production Xingteng Bean Product Manufacturing Whole Monetary compensation, proceeding with rent ofrooms of Plant of Suzhou Hengtang Food and Oil Factory of Suzhou for production Suoda Company Whole Monetary compensation, proceeding with rent ofrooms of Hengtang Food and Oil Factory ofSuzhou for depot Shunchang Yarn Factory Partial Monetary compensation Jingwei Housing Co., Ltd of Suzhou Partial Monetary compensation Suangqiao Industry Company Partial Monetary compensation, rent of other rooms Stores ofCandy and Food Co., Ltd. of Partial Monetary compensation, internal exchange of production Suzhou areas 10.4.3.2 Resettlement of Enterprises and Institutions in Wuxi The resettlement points will be subject to mutual discussion between the enterprises and the pull down office, and are selected to correspond with the urban planning. The enterprises that have to move must be put into early arrangement for their early restoration of production. For the enterprises to be rebuilt, it is possible for them to apply for cutoff of the payment for urban matching facilities, and delivery of a plot with same area as before in an industry zone by the government for rebuilding. For details, refer to Table 10.4-4. Table 10.4-4 Resettlement for removal enterprises of Wuxi Component Company Addess hnpact Extent Resettlement Ways Description Resettlement Ways Location Huguan Power Auxiliary Liyuan Village All areas Exchange of land Industry zone in Machine Plant of Wuxi acquired and to be rebuilt Hubing District Jingche-ng Hotel Daiqiao Village 9.4% area Compensation Original place acquired Petrochemical Equipment 46.9% area Exchange ofland Industry zone in Co., Ltd ofWuxi Daiqiao Village acquired, main and to be rebuilt Hubing District plant removed Wuli Lake Nanchang Bellows . . .q60.5% area Exchange of land Industry zone in rehabilitation Factory Daiqiao Village acquired, mai and to be rebuilt Hubing District component plan rem Jinhong Company Daiqiao Village 59.0a area Compensation No rebuilding acquired 30% area Kaiming Metal Product Daiqiao Village acquired but Compensation Original place Company major operation not impacted Meidai Textile Company Xiyluanong 1% area acquired Compensation Original place Village 10.5 Organization Flowchart The Organization Flowchart is as follows: 148 ] Tai Lake Water Quality Offices of Suzhou and Wuxi J4Institute Removal Project Offices ofTai Intemal Monitoring j Design and Research Management Offices Lake Water Quality ofUrban Houses of Improvement of Suzhou and Wuxi Suzhou and Wuxi Management External Monitoring Departments for Removal Affairs in Department: Migration < Components kCenter of Hohai University) , Residents to FEnterprises [ to Remove1 FCommunity to 1 be (Institution to Remove) Immigrate t affected 10.6 Execution Schedule The schedules of immigration, component construction and pulldown in Suzhou are shown in Tables 10.6-1 to 10.6-2. The schedules of immigration, component construction and pulldown in Wuxi are shown in Tables 10.6-3 to 10.6-4. Table 10.6-1 Implementation plan of resettlement in Suzhou hnnmigration River dredging Polluted Water Control Shangtang Hub Xujiang Hub Determination ofscopes of land 2003.10 2004.1 2003.10 acquisition and pull down Verification ofnumbers in kind for 2003.11 2004.3 2003.11 land acquisition and removal Mobilization meeting and policies 2003.11 2004.3 2003.11 disclosed Notices of land acquisition and 2003.12 2004.4 2003.12 removal posted for showing Agreement on compensation and 2004.1 2004.5 2004.1 resettlement signed up Selection ofresettlement and 2004.5 2004.5 2004.5 movement Removal of old houses 2004.7 2004.7 2004.7 Land delivery for construction 2004.8 2004.8 2004.8 Restoration ofproduction and 2004.1-2006.12 2004.7-2006.12 2004.7-2006.12 income Monitoring and assessment 2003.11-2006.12 2003.11-2006.12 2003.11-2006.12 149 Table 10.6-2 Schedule of land acquisition and removal in Suzhou Construction Dates Dates of Land Acquisition and Component Description Immigration Resettlement Start Finish Start Finish Polluted water control Including: Shangtang Hub 2004.8 2006.12 2006.12 2003.11 2004.12 Xujiang Hub 2004.3 2003.10 2004.12 River dredging component 2004.2 2006.12 2003.10 2006.12 PhasellofWWTPs 2004.3 2005.12 2003.10 2004.6 WuzhongWWTP 2004.3 2006.12 2003.10 2004.6 Table 10.6-3 Implementation plan of resettlement in Wuxi Wuli Lake Rehabilitation WWTPs in Xishan district and sewerage Component Huishan WWTP network Immigration Embankment and sewerage Expansion of Anzhen WWTP and rehabilitation Sluice gate network Dongting WWWTP and sewerage network Determination of scopes of land acquisition and 2004.1 2003.11 2002.10 2003.11 2003.4 pull down Verification of numbers in kind for land 2004.1 2003.11 2002.10 2003.10 2003.11 acquisition and removal Mobilization meeting and 2004.2 2003.11 2002.10 2003.6 2003.11 policies disclosed Notices of land acquisition and removal 2004.3 2003.12 2002.10 2003.12 2003.12 posted for showing Agreement on compensation and 2004.3 2004.1 2002.10 2004.2 2004.1 resettlement signed up Selection of resettlement 2004.4 2004.5 / / and movement Removal ofold houses 2004.5 2004.7 / / Land delivery for 2004.6 2004.8 2002.10 2004.1 2004.1 construction Restoration ofproduction 2004.1-2006.12 2004.1-2006.12 2002.10-2006.12 2004.1-2006.12 2004.1-2006.12 and income Monitoring and 2004.11-2006.12 2004.11-2006.1 2003.11-2006.12 2003.11-2006.12 2003.11-2006.12 assessment 2 Table 10.64 Schedule of land acquisition and removal in Wuxi Copnne nConstniction Dates Dates of Land Acquisition and Component Description Cosrcio ae mmigration Resettlement Start Finish Start Finish Wuli Lake rehabilitation component Including: embankment 2004.3 2006.12 2004.1 2004.6 rehabilitation 2003.12 2005.12 2003.11 2004.8 Sluice gate component Huishan WWTP 2003.1 2006.12 2002.10 2002.10 Expansion of Dongting WWTP and 2004.1 2005.12 2003.11 2004.1 sewerage network Anzhen WWTP and sewerage 2004.1 2006.12 2003.11 2004.1 network 150 Section 11 Environmental Management 11.1 Environmental Management Organizations and Their Functions of the Project State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) is the Supreme management institution which is responsible for examining and approving "TOR of EA" and "EA report". Jiangsu EPB will be in charge of supervision and management of environmental protection. Suzhou and Wuxi EPB is the specific management department. The PMO of Jiangsu Province is coordination institution of this EMP. Suzhou Water Authority, Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau, Wastewater Treatment CorPoration of Huishan, Xishan and Wuzhong district in Wuxi. Suzhou Qingyuan Construction Co.,Ltd. are implementation units of this EMP. Qualified Enviromnental Monitoring Units (EMU) will be entrusted by implementation units to perform monitoring during construction period, municipal or district (Suzhou and Wuxi) Environmental Monitoring Stations (EMS) are entrusted by implementation units during operation period. Jiangsu EMS is the units to summarize monitoring data (The cost is provided by PMO) See Figure 11-1 for the Supervision and management system. SEPA w Jiangsu EPB PMO I | Coordination Suzhou EPB Wuxi EPB I Implementation units | Qualified EMU Summarize Jiangsu EMS Data Information feedback to EPB, i PMO and implementation units Figure 11-1 Supervision and management system of the Project 11.2 Environmental Management for Suzhou Rehabilitation Component 11.2.1 Environmental management organizations and their functions during construction period In the project implementation, organizations are in charge of the planning, management, 151 implementation and monitoring of the project activities of the rehabilitation components in Suzhou include: TBUEP by Utilizing World Bank Loans Project Office of Suzhou, Suzhou EPB, Suzhou Water Authority, environmental supervision units and contractors. * TBUEP by Utilizing World Bank Loans Project Office of Suzhou will be in charge of the land acquisition, relocation and resettlement activities, the overall supervision of the environmental management plan and environmental monitoring plan, organization and coordination, formulation of environmental policies and supervision and inspection for the project. * Suzhou EPB (have no relationship with proponents and contractors) will be in charge of the supervision and management in accordance with environmental management regulations of China, EA report, EMP of the Project, environmental protection design documents and Contracts to reduce adverse impact to environment. * Suzhou Water Authority the proponents of Suzhou rehabilitation component will implement unified supervision and management of the environment protection work in the project, carry out the relevant environment protection laws and regulations of the state and locality, work out the environment protection management regulations for the construction period and organize their implementation. * Monitoring units are selected from qualified units by bidding, main work content including: water, ambient air, noise, spoil sampling and data analyzing according to EMP, submitting monitoring data and report to Suzhou EPB and Water Authority periodically. * Contractors shall implement the environment protection measures specified in the project bid documents or design documents for the construction period, work out and implement environment protection work plans and accept the supervision and management from relevant authorities on environment protection work. Specific content see as follow: (1) Contractors and design units shall work out plan for construction site and transportation routes, avoiding do impact to scenic spots, residential areas and cultural relics. (2) Contractors shall implement the environment protection measures for the work sites, to ensure that construction wastewater and domestic wastewater discharge meets the relevant discharge standards; the work time will be arranged in a rational manner and effective measures shall be taken to ensure that the noise level at the work site boundary meet the standard, and protection measures against flying dust and odor have been settled. Contractors shall accept the supervision and management by the project legal person and supervisor. (3) Contractors shall be in charge of the transport and disposal of spoil and debris during construction. They will provide periodical reports on the restoration of temporary land acquisition. (4) Contractors shall compact bottom and lateral clay of sediment disposal site and construct training ditch located in outlet of effluent and carry out coagulative sedimentation. (5) Contractors shall implement protection measures for the scenic spots and historical relics protection units during the construction work, and communicate with greening, cultural relics department and public usually. The groundwater, surface water, leachate from sludge, odor, noise monitoring will be strengthened and problems will be resolved in time. (6) Contractors will implement the sanitary protection for the site construction workforce, and the project legal person and supervisor will conduct supervision and management. Contractors will arrange physical examination before entering the site and periodical examination during work on site for the construction workforce, implement periodical sanitation and epidemic prevention work, provide periodical report on sanitation and epidemic prevention, and in the meantime ensure cleanness in the construction and living zones. The domestic rubbish will be piled together and be moved out in time, domestic wastewater will be collected or treated, and septic tanks be cleaned in time. The project legal person and supervisor will conduct supervision and management. 152 11.2.2 Environmental management organizations and their functions during operation period (1) The Navigation Branch ofSuzhou Water Authority, Suzhou EPB and qualified monitoring units will in charge of environmental management of Suzhou River Network Dredging component. * Navigation Branch of Suzhou Water Authoritv's main task include: a). Implementation of environmental protection measures for Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site, b). Maintenance of navigation traffic and greening onboth side of embankment, control ofpollution discharge from ships, c). Preparation of river management plan, and d) Make sure river component operating effectively. * Suzhou EPB will be in charge of the supervision and management in accordance with environmental management regulations of China, EA report, EMP of the Project, environmental protection design documents and Contracts to reduce adverse impact to environment. It will also supervise the contractors in implementation of the provisions on "Three-simultaneity", lead and organize theenvironmental monitoring work for the project. * Qualified monitoring units will carry out water, ambient air, noise, sediment sampling and data analyzing according to EMP, and submitting monitoring data and report to Suzhou EPB, Navigation Branch and Water Authority periodically. (2) Engineering Management Branch of Suzhou Water Authority, Suzhou EPB and qualified monitoring units will be responsible for envirormental management work. * Engineering Management Branch's main tasks include: a) Manage open & close of sluice gate strictly and reduce impact on protected objects (Caiyun Bridge at Xujiang River and Hengtang Post) to assure safety of cultural relics. b) Shipping will be controlled, and access of freight ships into the city willbe restricted. c) Water environment management and monitoring will be strengthened and problems will be resolved in time. d) Effective management will be implemented so that the gate can perform both functions of flood prevention and wastewater stopping. * Suzhou EPB will be in charge of the supervision and check in accordance with environmental management regulations of China, EA report, EMP of the Project, environmental protection design documents and Contracts to reduce adverse impact to environment. It will also cary out protection measures for cultural relics, such as Hanshan Temple, Caiyun Bridge and Hengtang Post. * Qualified environmental monitoring stations will carry out water, ambient air, noise, sediment sampling and data analyzing according to EMP, and submitting monitoring data and report to Suzhou EPB, and Water Authority periodically. 11.3 Environmental Management for Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Component 11.3.1 Environmental management organizations and their functions during construction period The organizations will include: TBUEP by Utilizing World Bank Loans Project Office of Wuxi, Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau, Contractors, Wuxi EPB, Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Station. * TBUEP by Utilizing World Bank Loans Proiect Office of Wuxi will be in charge of the land acquisition, relocation and resettlement activities, the overall supervision of the 153 environmental management plan and environmental monitoring plan, organization and coordination, formulation of environmental policies and supervision and inspection for the project. * Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau is the proponent of this component which is mainly in charge of environmental protection work during construction period, staff training and discharge of construction and domestic wastewater. The environmental monitoring institute will be entrusted to perform monitoring of the water quality in Wuli Lake and the rivers around it and the noise in the adjacent areas of the work site, and monitoring and supervision will be performed on the discharge and treatment of construction wastewater and domestic wastewater in the work site. * Wuxi EPB will be in charge of the supervision and management in accordance with environmental management regulations of China, EA report, EMP of the Project, environmental protection design documents and Contracts to reduce adverse impact to water quality of Wuli Lake and surrounding rivers. It will also supervise and inspect implementation of environmental protection measures. * The Wixi Environmental Monitoring Station will be in charge of environmental monitoring during construction, including water, ambient air, noise, ecology, sediment sampling and data analyzing according to EMP, and submitting monitoring data and report to Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau, and EPB periodically. * Contractors shall implement the environment protection measures specified in the project bid documents or design documents for the construction period, and accept the supervision and management from relevant authorities on environment protection work, main task include: a) Contractors shall transport along the planned routes and build temporary service road to avoid do impact on passersby and scenic spots, such as Waterborne World and Yuantouzhu scenic spot. b) Contractors shall implement the environment protection measures for the work sites, to ensure that construction wastewater and domestic wastewater discharge meets the relevant discharge standards; the work time will be arranged in a rational manner and effective measures shall be taken to ensure that the noise level at the work site boundary meet the standard. c) Contractors shall be in charge of the transport and disposal of spoil and debris during construction. The clay at bottom of sediment disposal site will be compacted and diversion ditch and coagulative precipitation tank will be built. They will provide periodical reports on the restoration of vegetation and farmland for cultivation. The project legal person and supervisor will conduct guidance, supervision and inspection on their work. The protection in the temporary materials yard and vegetation for the project will be settled. d) Monitoring and observation for groundwater, surface water, water ecology, noise, ambient air will be strengthened. Problems will be solved in time. e) Contractors will implement the sanitary protection for the site construction workforce, and the project legal person and supervisor will conduct supervision and management. Contractors will arrange physical examination before entering the site and periodical examination during work on site for the construction workforce, provide relevant reports on sanitation and epidemic prevention, and in the meantime ensure cleanness in the construction and living zones. The project legal person and supervisor will conduct supervision and management. 11.3.2 Environmental management organizations and their functions during operation period The organizations will include Environmental Management Office of Wuli Lake Water Area Management Branch during operation period and Wuxi EPB. 154 * Wuli Lake Water Area Management Branch will be found after Wuli Lake rehabilitation component being completed. It will be in charge of daily operation and maintenance. It is the branch offices of Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau and has 213 personnel. Its main task including: a) Daily management, operation and maintenance of Wuli Lake water area and water conservancy project, to keep the lake surface ofWuli Lake clean, the surrounding areas of the water conservancy facilities in a clean and sanitary conditionand vegetation in sound status. (b) Implement regulating according to the determined water environment regulating scheme and flood prevention and water drainage regulating scheme. c) Perform comprehensive management of the water environment in Wuli Lake area and implement periodical water ecological environmental monitoring according to the determined comprehensive management method for the water environment in Wuli Lake area. Management Monitoring Station will be found by the Branch. It will be in charge of sampling and data analyzing and submitting monitoring data and report to Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau, and EPB periodically. Wuxi EPB will be in charge of the supervision and management in accordance with environmental management regulations of China, EA report, EMP of the Project, environmental protection design documents and Contracts to reduce adverse impact to water quality of Wuli Lake and surrounding rivers. It will also supervise implementation of environmental protection measures. 11.4 Environmental Management for WWTPs 11.4.1 Environmental management organizations and their functions during construction period For project implementation, the following organizations will perform planning, management, implementation and monitoring for the environmental activities ofthe WWTPs: TBUEP by Utilizing World Bank Loans Project Office of Suzhou and Wuxi, Suzhou and Wuxi EPB, Suzhou Qingyuan Construction Co., Ltd., Wastewater Treatment Corporation of Wuzhong district in Suzhou, Wastewater Treatment Corporation of Xishan and Huishan district in Wuxi, Environmental Monitoring Station of Xishan, Huishan and Wuzhong district and Contractors. * TBUEP by Utilizing World Bank Loans Project Office of Suzhou and Wuxi will be in charge of the land acquisition, relocation and resettlement activities, the overall supervision of the environmental management plan and environmental monitoring plan, organization and coordination, formulation of environmental policies and supervision and inspection for the project. * Suzhou Qingyuan Construction Co.. Ltd. is the proponent of Fuxing & Loujiang WWTP and Wastewater Treatment Corporation of Wuzhong district is that of Wuzhong WWTP. They will perform the environment protection work for the three WWTPs during the construction period. The company will set up a project environmental management office, which will have one full-time environment protection work personnel to implement a series of environment protection work from beginning to the end, and coordinate the relationship between relevant departmnents, and cooperate with the local environment 155 protection department. During preparation and construction period, Qualified environmental monitoring department will be entrusted to implement motoring for water quality of surrounding river network, noise,construction and domestic wastewater. * Wastewater Treatment Corporation of Xishan and Huishan district are the proponent of Dongting, Anzhen and Huishan WWTP. They will be in charge of the environment protection work for the three WWTPs during the construction period. I special EP worker will implement environmental management at construction site. Specific tasks are same as those of Suzhou Qingyuan Construction Co., Ltd. * Suzhou EPB and Wuxi EPB (independent of the proponents and contractors) will perform the environmental supervision, monitoring and management during the construction periods. They will be in charge of supervision and management in accordance with environmental management regulations of China, EA report, EMP ofthe Project, environmental protection design documents and project bid documents to reduce adverse impact to environment. * Environmental Monitoring Station of Xishan and Huishan district will be in charge of environmental monitoring for Dongting, Anzhen and Huishan WWTP and Environmental Monitoring Station of Wuzhong district will be in charge of environmental monitoring for Wuzhong WWTP during construction. Qualified environmental monitoring department will be entrusted to perform monitoring for Fuxing and Loujiang WWTP. Main tasks including sampling and data analyzing according to EMP, and submitting monitoring data and report to proponents, and EPB periodically. * Contractors shall implement the environment protection measures specified in the project bid documents or design documents for the construction period, work out and implement environment protection work plans and accept the supervision and management from relevant authorities on environment protection work, specific tasks including: a) Contractors shall implement the environment protection measures on work sites, to ensure the discharge of construction wastewater and domestic wastewater during construction period meet the relevant standards on wastewater discharge; the work time will be arranged in a rational way, to ensure the limit value for the site boundary is met. When working near environmental sensitive targets, environment protection measures such as rational arrangement of work time and providing noise barriers shall be taken. The ground shall be kept clean, and it will be ensured that construction machinery and vehicles meet the relevant standards of the state and are maintained in sound conditions. Contractors shall accept supervision and management by project legal person and supervisor. (b) Contractors shall be responsible for the whole process of production, transport, piling or utilization of the spoil and debris and sludge during the works, to ensure they are not spilt and all utilized in a comprehensive way or disposed of properly. The land taken on a temporary basis will be restored, and reports on vegetation restoration and farmland rehabilitation for cultivation will be provided periodically. The supervisor and relevant departments in charge will perform guidance, supervision and inspection on their work, to confirm the protection of temporary materials yard for the Project and the project vegetation. (c) Contractors shall implement the sanitation protection for site construction workforce. Workforce involved in operations with intense noise will wear noise protection articles, and those working in areas with serious flying dust will wear protection masks. Supervisor shall perform supervision and management. Contractors will also arrange physical examination before entering the site and periodical examination during work on site for the construction workforce, implement periodical sanitation and epidemic prevention work on site, provide periodical report on sanitation and epidemic prevention, and in the meantime ensure cleanness in the construction and living 156 zones. The domestic rubbish will be piled together and be moved out in time, domestic wastewater will be collected or treated, and septic tanks be cleaned in time. 11.4.2 Environmental management organizations and their functions during operation period The environmental management tasks for the 6 WWTPs during operation periods are as follows: (1) After the project being completed, EP sections and chemical laboratories which will be set up for 6 WWTPs are in charge of work out environmental protection plan and emergency program to ensure water quality of effluent can meet relevant standards. The environmental management work mainly includeing: Main task of environmental management during project operation shall include: * Organizational management in WWTPs In the WWTPs, internal management will be strengthened. Complete regulations and rules will be established, examinations based on the system of job responsibilities will be kept on improving, technical training for employees will be upgraded, and rules of awarding and punishment be clearly set out, so as to foster a competent team of operation and management, to ensure steady, normal and safety operation ofWWTPs in conformity with relevant standards. After the project is put into operation, a fairly sound environmental management system and monitoring system will be set up, to implement management in accordance with the ISO14000 environmental management system and to pass the certification for this system. The whole process control in clean production, pollution prevention and control will be achieved, to realize better environmental benefits. * Operation supervision and management for WWTPs Any enterprise intending to connect to a WWTP must present legal review and approval formalities for the environmental impact form or report, and work out the reasonable connection standard according to the design technical parameters of the WVVTP. The discharge concentration of the connected enterprise must not exceed the connection standard. If it exceeds the connection standard, the enterprise must perform pre-treatment to meet that standard before connection into the pipe network of the WWTP. It is not permissible for any connected enterprise to set up other discharge outlet without permission. Any such enterprise discharge wastewater in a concealed way without permission shall bear corresponding legal liabilities. If the wastewater received by the WWTP exceeds the verified amount and concentration, a message on exceeding the standard will immediately be sent to the relevant enterprise, which must immediately take measures such as limiting the production and pre-treatment. For any qualified connected enterprise, the WWTP will connect it to the pipe network with capital paid by such enterprise. The connected enterprise shall sign an agreement with the WWTP and flow meter and on-line monitoring instrument shall be installed. * Charging management for WWTPs The rehabilitation project and facilities construction fee will be charged as stipulated, and this will be good in controlling the sources by the connected enterprises, performing clean production and reducing the wastewater discharge amount and concentration. Connected enterprises shall sign the "Agreement on treatment of wastewater" with WWTPs, and pay the wastewater treatment fee to the WWTPs as stipulated. * Improving the periodical reporting system on wastewater discharge WWTPs must report periodically the operation and maintenance conditions of facilities in their plants, the pollutant discharge concentration and pollution accidents to the municipal EPB, to ensure normal operation of WWTPs. Rectification of wastewater discharge outlets 157 In Article 12 of "Method on wastewater discharge outlet setup and rectification and management in Jiangsu Province", a wastewater discharge outlet must conform to the requirements of "clear identification, reasonable location and convenient management". The environment protection department shall, according to the stipulations in "Detailed rules of implementation for 'Environment protection icons and signs' (for trial implementation)" formulated by the National Environment Protection Agency (Huanjian [1996] No. 463), set up corresponding sign boards at various wastewater discharge outlets, waste gas venting sources, fixed noise sources that disturb people and solid waste storage (disposal) locations, and perform routine monitoring on them. Effluent of each WWTP must meet discharge standard. a Management of sewerage network EPB (independent of the proponents and contractors) will perform the environmental supervision and management. They will be in charge of supervision and management in accordance with environmental management regulations of China, EA report, EMP of the Project, environmental protection design documents and project bid documents to reduce adverse impact to environment. EP department will inspect whether denoters being installed, wastewater of WWTP and connected enterprises being discharged normally. Furthermore, wastewater monitoring files will be set up. 158 Section 12 Environmental Monitoring Plan 12.1 Monitoring Plan for Suzhou River Network Dredging Component Monitoring plan for Suzhou River Network Dredging component are described in detail in Table 12.1-1. The monitoring frequency for surface water is bimonthly during operation period and is determined by section 4.2 described in "Technical Specifications Requirements for Monitoring of Surface Water and Wastewater (HJ/T91-2002)". The frequency is monthly for effluent ofsediment disposal site and ambient air, that for groundwater is once during dry, average and wet seasons in accordance with section 9.2 described in "Standard for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal Site for General Industrial Solid Wastes (GB18599-2001)". The regulations for monitoring frequencies are described in detail in annex ofsection 12. Table 12.1-1 Environmental monitoring plan for Suzhou river network dredging component Period Type Location Monitoring point and cross-section Monitoring parameters Frequency Sludge Waicheng River (Pingmen Bridge, Surface transportation Xiangmen Bridge) Xujiang River SS Oil Monthly water rive (TarangBridge), Dalonggang Monthly Shiziyang River (Qianwanli Bridge) Ground 2 points pH, Total soluble solids, water Sanjiaozui CODMfl, NH3-N, volatile sediment phenol, N03-N, Hg, Monthly sediment disposal site I point at effluent outlet cadmium, Cr6+,copper, arsenic, lead, zinc Ambient Odor (H2S) Monthly air Fuxing residential area (40 m in the Both sides of north ofXuanrendagang River), Residential area (30 m in the north of Weekly in dredging Shangtang River), day and Construction Noie nrivers Old residential area (20 m on both night time. Construction Noise sides of Qingjie River) Leq A() (Sampling at the time with high noise) Yangwangmiao River, Xiaomiduqiao River(2 points), Jiuqugang River, Dalonggang River(2 points), Caixiangbang River(2 points), Guoqiao River, Taying River, Yangjiazhuang pH, water content, River, Beigan River, Qingyang River, thickness of sediment, Hg, Dredging Once before Sediment . Wojinbang River, Zhifangbang River, cadmium, chromium, nvers Old Canal, Xiangyang Bridge at copper, arsenic, lead, zinc, Loujiang River, Hengtang Bridge at nickel Grand Canal, intersection of Dalonggang River and Grand Canal, Shantang River, Shangtang River and Bailianbang River. Waicheng River (Pingmen Bridge, Xiangmen Bridge) Xujiang River Surface Routine (Tairang Bridge), Dalonggang River, pH, COD,,,, SS, NH3-N, Operation wtr cosetinShiziyang River (Qianwanli Bridge), TP, Oils Bimonthly water cross-section Shantang River (Xinmin Bridge), Shangtang River (GuanjiBridge), Xiaomidu River (Xiaomidu Bridge) 159 Once during Ground pH, Total soluble solids, dry, average 2 points at the site CODM,, NH3-N, volatile and wet water phenol, N03-N, Hg, seasons Sanjiaozui cadmium, Cr6 , copper, respectively. Effluent of sediment I point located in I km downstream of arsenic, lead, zinc Monthly in sediment disposal site outlet. first 3 years (reduce Ambient. .frqec I point at Shiziyang River near the site Odor (H2S, N-H3) frequency air until the site is steady) Note: For each of the parameters in the table, a measurement shall be made before construction as the background value. 12.2 Monitoring Plan for Suzhou Polluted Water Control Component Monitoring plan for Suzhou Polluted Water Control component are described in detail in Table 12.2-1. Table 12.2-1 Environmental monitoring plan for Suzhou polluted water control component Period Type Location Location ofmeasuring section Measuring item Frequency 250m to outside ofsluice gate Xujiang 50m to outside of shiplock Surface 50m to inside of sluice gate of SS, Oils Monthly water south branch 50m to outside of shiplock Shangtang 50m to inside of shiplock 20m (north) to sluice gate of north Weekly in day and Residential area branch of Xujiang River night time. Construction Noise Leq (A) (Sampling at the Jiangfeng Garden 70m (north)to Shangtang River time with high residential area shiplock noise) 20m (north) to sluice gate ofnorth tributary ofXujiang River Ambient JiangfengYuan 70m (north) to Shangtang River TSP Monthly air residential area shiplock Hengtang ancient 180m to sluice gate of south post, Caiyun Bridge tributary ofXujiang River I point at downstream ofthe gate Bimonthly Surface Xujiang River pH, SS, CODcr, water Shangtang River COD on-line monitoring N-H3-N, TP, Oils Continuous Operation instrument monitoring 20m (north) to sluice gate of north Residential area tributary of Xujiang River Leq (A) Monthly in day and JiangfengYuan 70m (north) to Shangtang River night time. residential area shiplock Note: For each of the parameters in the table, a measurement shall be made before construction as the background value. 12.3 Monitoring Plan for Wuli Lake Rehabilitation Component The environmental monitoring plan during the construction and operation period are shown in Tables 12.3-1 and 12.3-2. The frequency for organism and sediment quality is quarterly and are determined by "not less than twice a year" described in "Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring (4th volume)". The frequencies for rest parameters are same as those in 160 Table 12.1-1. Table 12.3-1 Environmental monitoring plan for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component during construction period Type Location Number of Measurement items Frequency monitoring points Water quality: water temperature, pH, DO, BOD5, CODM,, NH,-N, volatile phenol, TP, TN, oils, SS Sediment quality: organic matter, TP, TN, Monthly for water total Hg, Cr6, total copper, total arsenic, quality, Wuli Lake area 4 points total lead, total zinc Quarterly for Organism: species composition, sediment quality community structure, quantity and and organism Surface distribution ofphytoplankton, water zooplankton, benthos and vascular bundle water plant; species and content of microorganism. Surrounding rivers Inside and outside Water temperature, pH, DO, BOD5, ofWuli Lake of 11 gates CODMn, NHW-N, volatile phenol, TP, TN, Xuelang Sediment I point at effluent Oils, SS Monthly disposal site outlet River network 6 points CODc,, SS, Oils, pH, DO, BOD5, NH3-N around Wuli lake pH, Total soluble solids, CODM,I, NH3-N, Groundwater Xuelang sediment 3points volatile phenol, NOj-N, Hg, cadmium, Monthly disposal site Crf6, SS, copper, arsenic, lead, zinc Waterbome world Weekly in day and (500 in the north), night time Noise Dongfang Leq (A) (Sampling at the Waterborne world time with high (80m in the south), noise) Yuantouzu secenic Ambient air Construction site spot (I0O0m in the TSP Monthly -southwest) The deceases to be prevented and treated Health inspection Construction and include hepatitis, diarrhea and typhoid in and preventive Public health management waterbome infection, as well as malaria, vaccine efor workforce paragonimiasis and filariasis in natural entenng focal seasestction site, regular sterilization Note: For each of the parameters in the table, a measurement shall be made before construction as the background value. 161 Table 12.3-2 Environmental monitoring plan for Wuli Lake rehabilitation component during operation period Location Measuring points Measuring items Measuring time and frequency Water quality: water temperature, pH, DO, BOD5, CODMfl, NH3-N, volatile phenol, TP, TN, oils, SS, 4 for Wuli Lake area and 2 trnparny otlyfrae Sediment quality: organic matter, TP, TN, total Hg, Monhly frater Wuli Lake for Meiliang Lake, total cadmium, Cr6+,total copper, total arsenic, total quality, Quarterly &Meiliang measuring water quality, lead, total zinc for sediment Lake sediment quality and Organism: species composition, community structure, quality and organism quantity and distribution ofphytoplankton, organism zooplankton, benthos and vascular bundle water plant; species and content ofmicroorganism; chlorophyll a. Rilvers I points for each of 11 rivers around with gates around Wuli Water temperature, pH, DO, BOD5, CODMn, NH3-N, Monthly. Wuli Lake Lake, 6 points for river volatile phenol, TP, TN, Oils network Once during dry, Xuelang average and wet Sediment 3 groundwater monitoring pH, Total soluble solids, CODMn, NH3-N, volatile seasons Sedeisment points at sediment disposal phenol, N0 3-N, Hg, cadmium, Cr6%,copper, arsenic, respectively, reduce disposal site lead, zinc frequency in 3 years until the site is steady 12.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan for 6 WWTPs 12.4.1 Environmental monitoring plan According to the features of this project, environmental monitoring will be focused on monitoring water environment during operation period. In order to provide various water quality parameters required for stable operation of the wastewater treatment facilities, it is necessary to conduct safety monitoring on the final discharge of effluent, to minimize the impact of effluent on water environment. Independent environmental monitoring station will be set up for the daily routine monitoring of wastewater and odor. The monitoring organization will have a leader and 3 monitoring workforce. In addition, to strengthen the supervision and management, environmental monitoring station of Suzhou city, Wuzhong, Huishan and Xishan district will perform a supervision monitoring. The monitoring plan during construction is as listed in Table 12.4-1 and those during operation are as shown in Table 12.4-2 and 12.4-3. The frequency of supervision monitoring at effluent outlet is quarterly and determined by "frequency for major pollution sources (discharge flow larger than 100 m3/d) will be more than four times a year (Quarterly normally)" described in "Technical Requirements for Monitoring of Total Amount of Pollutants in Wastewater (HJ/T92-2002)". The monitoring parameters are determined by section 20.1.1 described in "Technical Specification for Operation, Maintenance and Safety of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (CJJ60-94)". Table 12.4-1 Environmental monitoring plan for WWTPs during construction period Item Location Monitoring Monitoring Parameter and frequency point Surface water Nearby rivers . pH, CODcr, SS of site Monthly Leq (A) Noise WWTrP 4 points at Once before the construction period, monthly during boundary construction period in day and night time (Sampling at the time with high noise). 162 Table 12.4-2 Environmental monitoring plan for Fuxing WWTP during operation period Item Location Monitoring point Monitoring parameters and frequency Monitoring unit Plant monitoring: (a) Daily for flow*, pH*, SS, CODCr*, BOD5, NHI-N, TP, TN, DO*, MLSS*, chloride, (*being automatic online monitoring Chemical item),laoaoyf (b) Weekly for bacillus coli, laboratory of Wastewater WWTP Effluent of WWTP (c) Monthly for aldehyde, oils, volatile phenol, sulfide, fluoride, WWTPs cyanide, aniline, and, (d) Twice a year for Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6+,As, Hg, Cd, Ni, total Cr. Supervisory monitoring: Qualified Quarterly for (a), (b), and (c) Yearly for (d) monitoring unit Water content, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6+,As, Hg, Cd, Ni and bacillus ludge Scoli. Twice a month in first 3 months (leaching test at the Chemical Sludge treatment WuWge heap of meantime) and four times a year (including twice leaching test). laboratory of unit Water content of sludge will be measured before being covered WWTPs up. Upwind and H2S, NH3, and odor concentration downwind at Monthly in first year. Ifthe monitoring result shows the odor Chemical Odor boundary of produced during wastewater treatment has no obvious impact laboratory of WWTp WWTP and to surrounding environment, the frequency can be reduced to WWTPs pumping station twice in summer and once in spring and autumn. 4 points within Leq (A) Chemical Noise boundary of Weekly in first 3 months and monthly in day and night time if laboratory of WWTP no obvious change. WWTPs Upstream and 400m do nstreafn Bimonthly during normal discharge, and twice a day for 2 days River Grand outlet, Changqiao, in case ofaccidental wastewater discharge at400m Qualified Canal Zhantai Lake, downstream from the effluent outlet. Monitoring parameters monitoring unit Yinshan and are pH, CODcr, BOD5 , NH3-N, TP, TN, volatile phenol. Xiegang sections Table 12.4-3 Environmental monitoring plan for Loujiang WWTP during operation period Item Location Monitoring point Monitoring parameters and frequency Monitoring unit Plant monitoring: (a) Daily for flow*, pH*, SS, CODCr*, BOD5, NH,-N, TP, TN, DO*, MLSS*, chloride, (* being automatic online monitoring Chemical item),laoaoyf (b) Weekly for bacillus coli, WWTPs Wastewater WWTP Effluent ofWWTP (c) Monthly for aldehyde, oils, volatile phenol, sulfide, fluoride, cyanide, aniline, and, (d) Twice a year for Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6, As, Hg, Cd, Ni, total Cr. Supervisory monitoring: Qualified Quarterly for (a), (b), and (c) monitoring unit Yearly for (d) Water content, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6+,As, Hg, Cd, Ni and bacillus ludge Scoli. Twice a month in first 3 months (leaching test at the Chemical Sludge treatment Wudge heap of meantime) and four times a year (including twice leaching test). laboratory of unit Water content of sludge will be measured before being covered WWTPs up. Upwind and H2S, NI-13, and odor concentration downwind at Monthly in first year. If the monitoring result shows the odor Chemical Odor boundary of produced during wastewater treatment has no obvious impact to laboratory of WWTP WWTP and surrounding environment, the frequency can be reduced to WWTPs pumping station twice in sunmer and once in spring and autumn. 4 points within Leq (A) Chemical Noise boundary of Weekly in first 3 months and monthly in day and night time if laboratory of WWTP no obvious change. WWTPs Xiangyangqiao' Bimonthly during normal discharge, and twice a day for 2 days FenghuangjWing in case of accidental wastewater discharge at 400m downstream Qualified jang hua K a Witing from the effluent outlet. Monitoring parameters are pH, CODc,, monitoring unit and Zhujia Village BOD5, NH3-N, TP, TN, volatile phenol. sections ' 163 Table 12.44 Environmental monitoring plan for Wuzhong WWTP during operation period Item Location Monitoring point Monitoring parameters and frequency Monitoring unit Plant monitoring: (a) Daily for flow*, pH*, SS, CODc,*, BOD5, NI13-N, TP, TN, DO*, MLSS*, chloride, colourity (* being automatic Chemical online monitoring item), laborat (b) Weekly for bacillus coli, and laboratory of Wastewater WWTP Effluent ofWWTP (c) Monthly for aldehyde, oils, volatile phenol, sulfide, fluoride, cyanide, aniline, anionic surfactant, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6 +,As, Hg, Cd, Ni, total Cr. Environmental Supervisory monitoring: Monitoring Quarterly for (a), (b), and (c) Station (EMS) of Wuzhong district Water content, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6+,As, Hg, Cd, Ni and bacillus ludge Scoli. Twice a month in first 3 months (leaching test at the Chemical Sludge treatment ludge heap of meantime) and four times a year (including twice leaching laboratory of unit test). Water content of sludge will be measured before being WWTPs covered up. Upwind and H2S, NI-1, and odor concentration Upnwind and Monthly in first year. If the monitoring result shows the Chemical Odor boundary ofWWTP odor produced during wastewater treatment has no obvious laboratory of WWTP and pumping station impact to surrounding environment, the frequency can be WWTPs reduced to twice in summer and once in spring and autumn. Leq(A) ~~~~~~~~~~Chemical Noise ~~~4 points within Leq (A) Ceia Noise boundary of WWTP Weekly in first 3 months and monthly in day and night time laboratory of ifno obvious change. WWTPs Bimonthly during normal discharge, and twice a day for 2 Environmental The Upstream and 400m days in case ofaccidental wastewater discharge at 400m Monitoring River Grand downstream from downstream from the effluent outlet. Monitoring Station (EMS) of Canal the effluent outlet. parameters are pH, CODcr, BOD5, NKH-N, TP, TN, volatile Wuzhong district phenol. Table 12.4-5 Environmental monitoring plan for Huishan WWTP during operation period Item Location Monitoring point Monitoring parameters and frequency Monitoring unit Plant monitoring: (a) Daily for flow*, pH*, SS, CODcr*, BOD5, NH3-N, TP, TN, DO*, MLSS*, chloride, colourity (* being automatic Chemical online monitoring item), (b) Weekly for bacillus coli, and laboratory of Wastewater WWTP Effluent of WWTP (c) Monthly for aldehyde, oils, volatile phenol, sulfide, fluoride, cyanide, aniline, anionic surfactant, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6+,As, Hg, Cd, Ni, total Cr. Environmental Supervisory monitoring: Monitoring Quarterly for (a), (b), and (c) Station (EMS) of Huishan district Water content, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6+, As, Hg, Cd, Ni and bacillus ludge Slud hea f coli. Twice a month in first 3 months (leaching test at the Chemical Sludge treatment WSuWep of meantime) and four times a year (including twice leaching laboratory of unit test). Water content of sludge will be measured before being WWTPs covered up. Upwind and H2S, NIB, and odor concentration downwind at Monthly in first year. If the monitoring result shows the Chemical Odor boundary of Wa T odor produced during wastewater treatment has no obvious laboratory of WWWPandpupigsimpact to surrounding environment, the frequency can be WWTPs WWTP and pumping station reduced to twice in summer and once in spring and autumn. 4 points within Leq (A) Chemical Noise boundary of WWTP Weekly in first 3 months and monthly in day and night time laboratory of ifno obvious change. WWTPs Bimonthly during normal discharge, and twice a day for 2 Environental Xibei Upstream and 400m days in case of accidental wastewater discharge at 400m Monitoring River Canal downstream from the downstream from the effluent outlet. Monitoring Station (EMS) of effluent outlet. parameters are pH, CODcr, BOD5, NH3-N, TP, TN, volatile Huishan district phenol. 164 Table 12.4-6 Environmental monitoring plan forDongting andAnzhen WWTP during operation period Item Location Monitoring point Monitoring parameters and frequency Monitoring unit Plant monitoring: (a) Daily for flow*, pH*, SS, CODCr*, BOD5, NH3-N, TP, TN, DO*, MLSS*, chloride, colourity (* being Chemical automatic online monitoring item), laborato of (b) Weekly for bacillus coli, and lr y Effluent of (c) Monthly for aldehyde, oils, volatile phenol, sulfide, WWTPs Wastewater WWTP WWTP fluoride, cyanide, aniline, anionic surfactant, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6', As, Hg, Cd, Ni, total Cr. Environmental Supervisory monitoring: Monitoring Quarterly for (a), (b), and (c) Station (EMS) of Xishan district Water content, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr6 +,As, Hg, Cd, Ni and bacillus coli. Twice a month in first 3 months Chemical Sludge Sludge Sludge heap of (leaching test at the meantime) and four times a laoa Sludge treatment unit WWTPs year (including twice leaching test). Water content WabWrato'sof ofsludge will be measured before being covered s up. Upwind and H2S, NH3 , and odor concentration downwind at Monthly in firstyear. If the monitoring result Chemical shows the odor produced during wastewater dbWTP and treatment has no obvious impact to surrounding WWTPs WWTP pumpiW . .an environment, the frequency can be reduced to twice in summer and once in spring and autumn. 4 points within Leq (A) Chemical Noise boundary of Weekly in first 3 months and monthly in day and laboratory of WWTP night time if no obvious change. WWTPs Upstream and Bimonthly during normal discharge, and twice a Environmental Xinxingtang 400m donst day for 2 days in case of accidental wastewater Monitoring River and fom owfflunta discharge at 400m downstream from the effluent S on (EM)no Wanshandang outlet. outlet. Monitoring parameters are pH, CODcr, Xishan district outlet. ~BOD5, NH3-N, TP, TN, volatile phenol. 12.4.2 Monitoring requirements for WWTPs (I) Water quality monitoring To avoid the shockload from WWTPs, the industrial wastewater concentration discharged must be monitored. In addition to routine monitoring parameters, in few WWTPs, special pollutants will also be monitored. The WWTP shall install flow meter and online monitoring equipment at the discharge outlet. The operation conditions will be adjusted according to seasonal requirements, to ensure normal operation. Therefore, the influent and effluent must be monitored frequently and regularly. Samples shall be taken every two hours, and then the mixed samples during the day shall be analyzed. The analysis parameters shall include: pH, CODcr, BOD5, DO, NH3 -N, TN, TP, SS. (2) Ambient air and noise monitoring According to the features of the project, the odor amount emit from aeration tanks is small. It may affect the air quality of the plant. Ambient air monitoring will be done for I or 2 days in each season, respectively in the morning and afternoon. Noise monitoring will be measured in day and night time (6-10 a.m. and 10 p.m.-6 a.m.) last 15 minutes when high noise is produced. (3) Main equipment and instruments The main equipment and instruments are listed in Table 12.4-7. 165 Table 12.4-7 List of main measurement Instruments No. Equipment Quantity Purpose I Water quality sampler 4 sets Water sampling 2 Atomic absorption spectrophotometer I set Determination ofmetallic elements 3 Magnetic stirrer I set Agitation 4 Bake oven (with blower) I set Determination of SS, etc. 5 BOD incubator I set Determination of BOD5 6 Autoclave I set Determination of TP and TN and disinfection 7 Spectrophotometer I set Colorimetric analysis 8 Acidometer I set Determination ofpH 9 Dissolved oxygen meter I set Determnination ofdissolved oxygen 10 Electronic balance (104) I set Weighing 11 Biological microscope I set Biological phase observation 12 Refrigerator I set Preserve water samples and reagents 13 Centrifugal machine I set Separation ofsamples and Determination ofTN 14 Vacuum pump I set Filtering 15 Electric stove I set Heating and preparation of reagents 16 COD tester I set Determination of COD 17 Culture box I set Bacteria culture 12.5 Supplementary Monitoring Plan during Construction Period Supplementary monitoring plan will be carried out to make up for above monitoring plan, see Table 12.5-1 for details. The construction units will record monitoring data everyday and submit a monitoring report every month and a conclusion report every year to supervisor unit. Table 12.5-1 Supplementary monitoring plan during construction period Item Construction Location Content Frequency Flying dust, odor and Description of flying dust, Air and water sludge from excavation, Transpotation route odor and sludge sprinkling. day dredging and transpotation day Noise Noise Construction boundary Leq (A) Cultural relics Excavation Construction site Protect spot and report Monthly cultural relics bereau. Water, air and Construction . Scenic spot and residential Scenic spot department and Once every noise area at construction site public opinion week 12.6 Environmental Management and Monitoring Cost The environment monitoring and management costs of the components are calulated with "Environment Monitoring Charging Standard of Jiangsu Province" (SuJiaFei[1998] No.222) according to mentioned above monitoring plan. See details in Table 12.6-1 to 12.6-4. Table 12.6-1 Environmental monitoring and management cost of Wuli lake rehabilitation component Unit: 1,000 RMB Item Period Cost Surface water Construction 31 Operation 52 Sediment Construction 32 Operation 48 Construction 10 Organism Operation 13 Groundwater Construction 8 (Including leachate ofsediment) Operation 15 Ambient air Construction 13 Noise Construction 18 Management 40 Total 280 166 Table 12.6-2 Environmental monitoring cost of Suzhou rivernetwork dredging component Unit: 1,000 RMB Item Period Cost Construction 2 Surface waterOprto5 Operation 5 Groundwater Construction 15 (Including leachate of sediment) Operation 15 Construction 2.5 Operation 2.5 Noise Construction 16 Management 20 Total 78 Note: Sludge monitroing have been completed, so the totalcost do not include sludge monitroing cost. Table 12.6-3 Environmental monitoring cost of Suzhou polluted water control component Unit: 1,000 RMB Item Cost Equipment and operation cost 20 Surface water Construction 18 Operation 22 Noise Construction 6 Operation 4 Ambient air Construction 13 Management 25 Total 108 Table 12.64 Environmental monitoring cost of WWTPs Unit: 1,000 RMB Item Cost Equipment and operation cost 20 Water Construction 7 Operation 115 Noise Construction 5 Operation 8 Ambient air Operation 10 Environmental management 25 Total 190 Table 12.6-4 is calulated with the scale and monitoring plan of Fuxing WWTP. Environmental management and monitoring costs are divided into three levels as the scales and impact scopes of 6 WWTPs are different. Anzhen and Wuzhong WWTP (20,000-25,000 m3/d) need 150,000 RMB, Huishan and Dongting WWTP (50,000 m3/d) need 170,000 RMB, Loujiang and Fuxing WWTP (>100,000 m3/d) need 190,000 RMB, adding up to 1,020,000. The cost of 9 components amounts to 1,486,000 RMB. 12.7 Staff Training Plan Wastewater treatment scheme is important to environment improvement and gains the support from the WB. So the environmental protection will be consistent with international standards. After construction of the project, the local environment will be improved. In order to ensure successful construction and operation of this project, the staff will have strong environmental protection acknowledge and skill. These staff engaging in management of WWTP and construction will receive further training so that the environmental protection measures can be carried out actually. The proposed training methods: domestic training and overseas training, which will be preferred, based on requirements for management levels and working positions. Table 12.7-1 presents the staff-training plan. 167 Table 12.7-1 Staff trainingplan No Training content Training method & aff arrangement Ti - Cost estimate (1.000 RMB) Domeslic training Overseas traingng Domestic Overseas Total Environmental laws and regulations, construction Provincial training, technical leader I rules, environmental 4 people of each from each city 2004-2005 24 40 64 monitoring rules and city regulations The technology of Provincial training, I key technical 2 wastewater monitoring 3 people ofeach person from each 2004-2005 18 40 58 and control city city The technology of waste Provincial training, 3 gas monitoring and 4 people of each 2004-2005 24 / 24 control city The technology of Provincial training, I key technical 4 sludge control and 4 people ofeach person from each 2004-2005 24 40 64 disposal city city Public participation and Provincial training, 5 public relation 4 people of each 2004-2005 24 24 city Pollution control and Provincial training, 6 management during 4 people of each 2004-2005 24 / 24 implementation period city The control, handling Provincial training, 4 people for each 7 and analysis assessment 2 people of each city (I from 2004-2005 12 160 172 ofpollution accidents city WWTP) Provincial training and municipal training will be 8 environment protection aombind teu ge er, 2004-2005 30 / 30 ~~~and skill skill people will be the number of determined by each city 50 people will join professional training, the 1 epewl 9 Total receiv Pi join extemal 2004-2005 180 280 460 on-the-job training g will be determined by cities 168 Section 13 Conclusions and Suggestion 13.1 The Compatibility ofThe Project with Overall Plan Suzhou city and Wuxi city are two major cities in Tai Basin, the World Bank Project is one of the components included in Tai Lake Water Pollution Control Implementation Plan of the Tenth-Five Year Plan formulated by the Chinese Government, and is also the major project aiming at the water environment of Suzhou and Wuxi cities. This project is in line with the requirements of the master plan of Suzhou and Wuxi cities, and is the reliable assurance to the sustainable development of these two cities. The project will play an important role in improving the water setting of Tai Basin. 13.2 Project Composition The proposed project can be categorized into two groups, a). components of domestic WWTPs and sewerage network construction; b). rehabitation component, including watercourse rehabitation, restoration of ecosystem, and diversion or control of water conservancy works (water level control, embankment rehabilition, polluted water control). It is anticipated that this project will be completed in 2010. 13.3 Summary for Comparison of Alternatives (1) In the environmental baseline assessment, the site alternatives of Shangtang river ship lock and Xujiang river hub were examined in terms of geological conditions, navigation safety, flood control requirement, requisition of land, protection of cultural relic, construction condition, and the characteristics of Suzhou and Wuxi were also taken into consideration. It can be concluded that the site scenarios are rational based on the integrated analysis from the viewpoint of environment and economy. Protective revetment for both sides of watercourse segment from Xujiang hub to Guyizhang will be built so as to prevent washout. (2) Five site alternatives for storing the dredged sediment and spoil are considered in this environmental baseline assessment, and considered from the angle of environment and economy, it is recommended to choose the open space between West ring road and Shuanqiao road, and Sanjiaozui storage field beside Shiziyang river, the other three sites are not suitable. (3- The environmental baseline assessment investigated three wastewater treatment processes, i.e. A /0, oxidation ditch, and SBR. Based on the feasibility and comprehensive techno-economic analysis, it is recommended that the SBR process be adopted in the WWTPs. (4) The assessment also analyzed and compared various sludge disposal methods such as incineration and anaerobic digestion. It is recommended that sanitary landfill be the most suitable treatment method at this area. If the sludge generated from WWTPs is hazardous matter by leaching test, it will be disposed at hazardous wastes disposal centres of Wuxi and Suzhou expected to be built up by the end of 2006. 13.4 Water Impacts - Primary Positive Impacts/Benefits of the Project The Project will bring significant benefits to the water environment of the TLB and other aspects of the environment and lives which depend on quality. On a river network basis, a unsteady water quantity and quality model has projected that except the effluent receiving sections of rivers, the river network at the Project area, as well as Grand Canal Wuxi and Suzhou sections would see water quality improvement following the operation ofthe six Project wastewater treatment plants. More specifically, at 2010 when all six WWTPs are in operation, the worse than Category V river length will be reduced from the current level of 16% to 11.5%, while Category IV will increase from the current 30.9% to 33.6% and Category III from 1.9% to 3.7%. In fact, the six Project WWTPs are part of the overall Tai Lake water quality improvement plan which calls for construction of 108 WWTPs in the Jiangsu part ofthe TLB. When all 108 WWTPs are completed and operational, the below Category V river is expected to further reduce to 3.12% while Category IV increased to 64.9% and Category III to 11.2% 169 As these rivers are one ofthe major pollution sources to the Tai Lake (the other being agricultural and area sources), the improvement of river water quality will result in improvement of the lake water quality. The modeling of the lake water quality shows that TP at Meiliang lake would drop by 20%, and BOD 30% by 2010 when the six WWTPs are completed. If all WWTPs in the region are built as planned, up to70-80% of the pollutants currently discharged to the lake would be intercepted and removed. The entire Tai lake would be benefit from reduced TP, TN and BOD, with north part of the lake which are among the worst polluted benefit the most. In terms of pollutant loads to the TLB, the Project will reduce a total of COD load by 128.5 tons per day, TP loads by 0.5 tons per day and NH3-N load by 6 tons per day by the six WWTPs. These reductions will contribute to achieving master plan targets (pollutant discharge loads and surface water quality). Other Project components will also benefit water quality in the Project area and the TLB. The river dredging will improve the hydrodynamic conditions of the Project rivers, characterized by the increased cross-sectional flow and the removal of the contaminated sediment from these rivers would improve the river water quality. A mathematical model projects that the dredging would reduce the river CODm, by about 0.16-2.91 mg/L, or 2.6 to 25%, sufficient to upgrade the water quality category. Similarly, the pollutant control and lake shore rehabilitation programs, if the gates operate as designed and the shoreline has been restored, there will be a reduction of COD input into the lake by 445 t/year, TP, 4.85 t/year and TN, 51.35 t/year, contributing to the lake water quality improvement. The indirect and induced benefits will be significant. In particular, there are a large number of residents living virtually on the dredged rivers (with their houses as the bank and their back windows open on the rivers). The cleaned riverbeds are expected to reduce the nuisance odor in the summer, enhance the hygiene and sanitation of their "backyard", the rivers, increase the value of their properties, and improve the environment in which they live. Other additional potential benefits to be brought by the Project include: (1) Recovered ecosystem in the TLB area, helping restoration of aquatic life and increasing of bio-diversity; (2) Reduced pollution to crops irrigated currently by polluted water and increased agricultural and aquacultural yields and productivity; (3) Increased property values for land and real estate of lakeshore and river side areas; (4) Improved environmental infrastructure for sustained economic developments and attracting outside investments; (5) Improved recreation and environmental aesthetics of the communities of the project area; (6) Increased revenues from tourism; and (7) Improved bio-diversity and ecosystem. 13.5 The Potential Negative Impact on the Environment 13.5.1 Air and odor impacts The primary air emissions from WWTPs will be extremely nuisance odors generated from grit removal tanks, primary tanks and sludge handling processes. The pumping stations could also be a source of such odors. The main constituents of such odors are NH3, H2S, and methyl sulfide. An air diffusion model was used in the EA to predict the concentrations of the air emission constituents which cause the odor. Based on the maximum allowed H2S concentration of 0.01 mg/m3, and different odor intensity of each WWTPs, the modeling shows (Table 13.5-1) that the distance to reach the residential area standards varies from about 100 m from the WWTP in Wuzhong up to 350 m in Fuxin. Within this distance, there is no residential or other sensitive receptor surrounding the WWTPs, except Loujiang, WWTP which combing another industrial 170 source at the same site, the odor is expected to exceed the standard. Table 13.5-1 Odor standard and protected distance WWTPs Odor Protective Distance (m) Huishan 150 Anzhen 200 Dongting 200 Loujiang 300 Fuxin 350 Wuzhong 100 There will be a significant positive impact in terms of air quality related to odor. Besides those living near the dredged rivers as mentioned above, more urban and rural residents living at very close distances to open ditches or canals which are heavily polluted by raw sewage, with bad odors particularly in the summer. With the Project's sewage interception pipeline and wastewater treatment components, a large volume of wastewater currently discharged into the rivers will be collected and diverted to WWTPs. With much improved water quality in those rivers, the odor in the ambient air is expected to reduce or eliminate, benefiting river side residents, as well as the general environment. 13.5.2 Noise impacts Main noise sources from WWTPs during the operation phase include lifting pumps, sludge pumps and blowers in the wastewater treatment plant and submerged pumps in the pumping stations. The noise at the sources could be up to 95 dB(A) for various equipment and 93 dB(A) inside the pumping stations. In addition, shiplock operation will generate noise mainly from waiting boat motors and the shiplock itself. The noise intensity at source will be about 80-90 dB(A). A fixed source noise attenuation model was applied in the EA to forecast noise impacts. The modeling results show that noise levels at the villages near Anzhen WWTP will be 44.2-50.5 dB(A) during the day time and 42.1 to 48.4 dB(A) at night, complying with the applicable standards. There is no village or other sensitive receptor in the remaining WWTPs. The closest residential area to the shiplock is about 70 m. the modeling shows that at this distance, the noise will can meet the Class II standards (for mixed residential and commercial zones), but when a noise intensity is 90 dB(A) for some of the boats, the night time noise would exceed the standards slightly. 13.5.3 Visual impacts There will be apparent positive visual impacts from the Project. This will mainly be from the improved water quality through wastewater interception and treatment and enhanced hydrodynamics from water flow regulation, restored ecosystems and lakeshore rehabilitation. However, the shiplocks and water gates in Suzhou will be mostly built in the ancient urban area, some near cultural relics. The rivers where the structures are to be built will also be important tourist routes/attractions. The large shiplock and water gate structures could be outstanding from the surrounding buildings and environment pose an adverse impact in the tourist area, particularly to the cultural relics such as Hanshan temple. 13.5.4 Sludge and sediment disposal impacts The three municipal WWTPs in Suzhou will generate a total of 226 m3/d of sludge containing roughly 80% moisture, while the three in Wuxi will generate 111 m3/d of similar sludge. The sludge is to be disposed of in municipal landfills. There are operating municipal solid waste landfills in Wuxi (Taohuashan) and Suzhou (Qizhishan) which will be the sludge disposal sites for the six Project WWTPs, respectively The landfills are designed with sanitary landfill standards, with leachate vertical and lateral movement control, leachate collection and treatment, site drainage management system, waste compacting, daily coverage, and site environmental monitoring. The landfills have total capacities of 4.26 and 4.7 million 3 i , respectively. The sludge to be disposed of at these landfills will be small portions of their daily disposal capacities and as such, although there will be an impact to the lifespans of 171 these landfills, the impact will be limited. Both landfills have already had agreements to accept the sludge from the six proposed WWTPs. In addition, Wuxi and Suzhou both have plans for new landfills and hazardous waste disposal center by the end of 2006. A key potential environmental concern is contamination of groundwater by leachate from the landfills, which will contain high concentrations of organics and, highly likely, heavy metals present in the sludge. The both landfills have impermeable layers preventing leachate from percolating into the ground and allow its collection and treatment. In addition, both landfills are located in mountainous areas where groundwater tables are deep (20'30 m) and the groundwater monitoring data show it is not affected by the landfill operations. There are no sensitive receptors in the immediately adjacent areas surrounding the landfills. Furthermore, daily coverage of newly deposited sludge with a 20-30 cm layer of clean soil will minimize nuisance conditions at the landfills such as odors and flies. Sludge hauling is another potential environmental concern. Potential leaking, odors as well as heavy traffic of hauling trucks themselves would affect the environment and residents along the haul routes. Ring roads other roads detouring city centers have been designated for sludge transportation, to avoid heavily populated areas or business districts. Special, water-tight hauling trucks will be used to avoid odors and leaking from contaminating the haul routes. The dredged sediment of Suzhou river network dredging component is not hazardous matter after leaching test (see Table 5.6-4 for the monitoring results), but it will still do impact to gruondwater and surrounding fishponds of Sanjiaozui sediment disposal site if without mitigation measures. Therefor, clay will be compacted at the bottom and lateral of the site to prevent leachate from percolating. In addition, the impact length of SS in tailwater of the site is about 400 m by calculating. 13.5.5 Socio-economic impacts Resettlement and compensation plans have been prepared and are covered in a separate "Resettlement Action Plan" (RAP). The summary of land acquisition and people affected is shown in the following table 13.5-2. Table 13.5-2 Project affected land statistics Pernanent Temporary Project City Land Acquisition (ha) People Affected Land Acquisition (ha) People Affected Wuxi 43.53 2,801 453.33 45 Suzhou 17.03 167 90.33 172 Total 60.56 2,968 543.66 217 13.6 Conclusions TBUEP is one of the major water pollution control projects for the "Three Rivers and Three Lakes" program and one of the important parts of Tai Lake Water Pollution Treatment Plan. It is compatible with Overall City Planning of Suzhou (1996-2010), City Planning for Flood Protection of Suzhou and Overall City Planning of Wuxi. For improving water quality of Meiliang Lake, Wuli Lake and main water supply, municipal WWTPs, sewerage network, watercourse and lake rehabilition and polluted water control projects will be carried out. So it is compatible with environmental protection plan of government, and has important significance for sustainable development of this region. It will make full use of advantages at the aspect of water environment improvment for Tai Basin. Therefore, this project is feasible in accordance with environmental analysis. 13.7 Suggestions (1) In the long run, the main concern about the environmental protection of Wuli Lake is how to refresh the aquatic vegetation so as to turn the algae water body into herbage type. No doubt, proactive and stable policy will be adopted in the process of restoring the vegetation. Underwater ecosystem rehabitation is a brand new method, and so far there is no paradigm of rehabitation succeeded over three consecutive years. Therefore, it is suggested that the 172 implementation initiate from a small range as pilot, and then expand the extent afterachievement ofsuccess. (2) It is recommended that the industrial enterprises within the project strengthen internal management of water use in production, and increase the reuse rate of process water, so as to save water resource. Lessening the throughput of the WWTPs can also be effective to reduce the expenses of sludge treatment and administration. 173 Annex 174 Annex 1: Annex of section 3 Annexed table 3-1 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Dongting WWTP Wasterwater Pollutants (t/a) Receiving Location Enterpnise (m3/a) COD SS NH3-N water body About 30 small enterprises lies on Xihu Road 180,000 27.00 18.00 1.5 Xinxintang Dongtig The north district of Dongting industry park 450,000 67.50 45.00 3.3 townl Restaurant. Hotel, Bathroom etc. 210,000 31.50 21.00 4.2 Xinxingtang About 20 small enterprises lies on the south of 135,000 20.00 13.50 1.5 Hongshangga Chaqiao Xihu Road ng town Chaqiao New Century industry park 750,000 112.50 75.00 7.5 Hongshang Restaurant, Hotel. Bathroom etc. 120,000 18.00 12.00 2.4 Jiuli Wuxi Chengguan Dyeing Co.,Ltd 165,000 54.12 17.82 2.48 Beixingtang Wuxi Henchang railroad sleeper Co.,Ltd 4,320 0.65 0.43 0.06 Beixing Wuxi Huadong Cocoa foodstuff Co.,Ltd 2,500 0.37 0.25 0.04 Nanbaidang Wuxi Hentian Printing and Dyeing Co., Ltd. 495,000 162.36 65.83 5.50 Beixingtang Wuxi Dongbeitang Hongliang Dyeing factory 90,000 29.52 9.72 1.23 Beixingtang Wuxi Yingda Dyeing factory 99,900 32.77 10.79 1.52 Beixingtang Wuxi Jingdong Dyeing factory 60,000 19.68 6.06 0.72 Beixingtang Dongbeitang Wuxi Shuntong Dyeing factory 127,500 41.82 12.88 1.43 Beixingtang T Wuxi Xinde produce ofprinting and dyeing 238,000 40.22 18.10 3.57 Beixingtang Co.,Ltd Wuxi Hongyian produce Ltd.Do 3,500 0.28 0.21 0.03 Beixin Xishan Donghong Machine Founding factory 0.200 0.03 0.02 0 Beixin Wuxi Xianghua Chemistry industry Co.,Ltd 21,000 3.15 0.21 0.31 Beixintang Xishan Washing Equipment factory 4,000 0.60 0.40 0 Nangbaidang Restaurant. Hotel, Bathroom etc. 180,000 54.0 36.00 4.5 Beixingtang Wuxi Basi Dyeing Co.,Ltd 60,000 12.66 4.80 0.9 Xibei canal Wuxi Kaibao magnetic material factory 1,200 0.18 0.12 0 Wangtang Wuxi Xialida Dyeing Co.,Ltd 180,000 36.72 22.50 2.40 Xibei canal Xishan Mind Cold-roll Strip-steel Co.,Ltd 4,000 0.55 0.22 0.04 Wangtang Basi town Wuxi Mingte Chemistry Fiber Co.,Ltd 9,240 1.39 1.39 0 Wantang Minghui Chemistry Industry Co.,Ltd 122,000 27.084 10.74 1.58 Xibei canal Wuxi Xianjing Chemistry industry Co.,Ltd 1,470,600 188.24 38.24 16.85 Xibei canal Restaurant, Hotel, Bathroom etc. 135,000 54.00 36.00 4.5 Beixintang Total 5,317,960 1,036.89 313.13 68.06 Annexed table 3-2 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Huishan WWTP Wasterwater Pollutants (ta) Receiving water (m-/a) COD SS body I Wuxi Jiangnang Dyeing factory 200,000 123.76 116.48 Xibei canal 2 Wuxi Yongxing Dyeing Co.,Ltd 110,240 94.49 68.07 Taipinggang 3 Wuxi Changan Dyeing Assistant-dose factory 8,000 4.51 2.62 Taipinggang 4 The Xishan branch of Shanghai Huayuan Ltd.Stock 300 000 93.18 34.58 Xibei canal company 5 Wuxi changan washing Feather factory 30 0.01 0.01 Xibei canal 6 Wuxi Xinhai Prepared-Textile factory 12,695 15.14 3.24 Zhangtang 7 Wuxi Xinjingyian Dyeing Co.,Ltd 267,600 791.7 258.08 Taipinggang 8 Wuxi Changan chemistry fiber textile mill 84,000 30.58 21.40 Taipinggang 9 Wuxi Xichang Weaving making clothes Co.,Ltd 18,000 71.61 62.24 Taipinggang 10 Wuxi Huayuanchangfeng Dyeing Co.,Ltd 160,000 93.18 40.77 Taipinggang 11 Wuxi Mongyian Making clothes Co.,Ltd 7,900 2.88 2.01 Taipinggang 12 Wuxi Huishan Changan Zhencheng Refining dye factory 60,000 51.54 18.93 Taipinggang 13 Wuxi Xinshen Pringing and Dyeing Co.,Ltd 27,000 25.77 6.88 Taipinggang 14 Wuxi Jingshen Dyeing factory 21,000 18.04 12.99 Yianqiaogang 15 Wuxi Yianqiao Dyeing factory 6,000 7.50 3.46 Yianqiaogang 16 Wuxi new century Pringing and Dyeing factory 43,600 121.58 38.22 Yianqiaogang 17 Wuxi yunshun Dyeing Co.,Ltd 19,000 8.23 4.84 Yianqiaogang 18 Wuxi Tiaolu Knitting factory 10 0.004 0.003 Taipinggang 19 Wuxi Huifeng Veneer factory 100 0.004 0.03 Yianqiaogang 20 Wuxi Benda Pressurizing Piece factory 10,000 3.64 2.548 Xibei canal 175 Wasterwater Pollutants (t/a) Receiving water No. Enterprise (m3/a) COD Ss body 21 Wuxi Kizhao Assemble-Ammonia-Ester material Co.,Ltd 80 0.03 0.02 Xibei canal 22 Wuxi Changan fine chemistry industry factory 500 0.18 0.13 Xibei canal 23 Wuxi Yueluen chemistry industry Co.,Ltd 3,500 1.27 0.89 Xibei canal 24 Wuxi Meiyuenda chemistry industry Co.,Ltd 15 0.006 0.004 Xibei canal 25 Xishan Yianqiao light industry material factory 10 0.004 0.003 Yianqiao gang 26 Wuxi Huixhan Demei chemistry industry Co.,Ltd 1,000 0.44 0.26 Yianqiao gang 27 Wuxi Changan Macromolecule material factory 1,095,000 398.58 279.01 Xibei canal 28 Wuxi Kangda Auto rubber fittings factory 3,000 1.09 0.76 Yianqiaogang 29 Wuxi Yianqiao Hydraulic pressure pipe factory 804 0.29 0.21 Yianqiaogang 30 Wuxi Rusen liner glue factory 120 0.04 0.03 Yianqiaogang 31 Wuxi Shunda dunk model material produce factory 360 0.131 0.09 Xibei canal 32 Wuxi Xinxin chemistry fiber material Co.,Ltd 4,015 1.46 1.02 Xibei canal 33 Wuxi assemble model craftworks factory 3,231 1.18 0.82 Xibei canal 34 Xishan Asbestos cement produce factory 500 0.18 0.13 Xibei canal 35 Wuxi Hanshen Foam produce factory 2,000 0.73 0.51 Zhangtang 36 Wuxi Xinda copper tube factory 3,500 1.27 0.89 Xibei canal 37 Wuxi Jianda copper industry Co.,Ltd 3,000 1.09 0.76 Xibei canal 38 Wuxi Kaiyuan Coloured-alloy found factory 8 0.003 0.002 Zhangtang 39 Wuxi yianqiao electron telecommunication material 3,000 1.092 0.76 Yianqiaogang factory 40 Xishan Yianqiao Capillary factory 5 0.002 0.001 Yianqiao gang 41 Wuxi Yianqiao colored strange model material factory 200 0.07 0.05 Jie river 42 Wuxi Zhongyie alloy factory Co.,Ltd 150 0.06 0.04 Yianqiaogang 43 Wuxi Changan Huili metal copper tube factory 1,900 0.69 0.48 Taipinggang 44 Wuxi xingchang steel tube Co.,Ltd 16,125 5.87 26.14 Zhangtang 45 Wuxi changan currency copper tube fctory 1,500 0.55 0.38 Xibei canal 46 Wenxue Changshen metal silk-net factory 3,000 1.09 0.76 Xibei canal 47 Wuxi changan Cold-roll weld tube factory 36,500 13.29 9.30 Zhangtang 48 Wuxi Shuguan metal produce factory 5 0.002 0.001 Taipinggang 49 Wuxi Kaida weaving Co.,Ltd 7,200 2.62 1.84 Taipinggang 50 Wuxi WuZhou metal silk-net factory 70 0.03 0.02 Xibei canal 51 Wuxi Yianqiao Aluminium oxidation factory 10 0.00 0.003 Yianqiaogang 52 Wuxi Sanxing rivet factory 230 0.08 0.06 Yianqiaogang 53 Wuxi Huanyu precision found Co.,Ltd 1,200 0.44 0.31 Xibei canal 54 Wuxi Shengda Currency cast factory 3 0.001 0.001 Taipinggang 55 Wuxi Changan colored-cast factory 2.5 0.001 0.001 Xibaidang 56 Wuxi changan oil-pump and oil-mouse Tab. factory 5 0.002 0.001 Xibaidang 57 Wuxi changan golden blade found fctory 4 0.001 0.001 Xibaidang 58 Wuxi Huili found factory 3 0.001 0.001 Yianqiaogang 59 Wuxi Nanfang electricity engine Co.,Ltd 3,400 1.24 0.866 Yianqiaogang 60 Wuxi Changda found Co.,Ltd 1,000 0.36 0.255 Taipinggang 61 Wuxi Huishan district Debao big cabaret 1,800 0.66 0.459 Yianqiaogang 62 Wuxi Yianqiaojingqiao big cabaret 7,000 3.31 1.784 Yianqiaogang 63 Xishan Yianqiaojinglong drinkery 1,400 0.61 0.357 Yianqiaogang 64 Wuxi Yianqiao new century drinkery 800 0.24 0.204 Yianqiaogang 65 Wuxi Huixhan district hospital 1,700 0.62 0.433 Yianqiaogang Total 2,564,031 1,998.26 1027.438 176 Annexed table 3-3 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Anzhen WWTP Wastewater Pollutant concentration (mg/L) Receiving (m3/a) COD SS LAS TP Oil Aniline water body I Anda chemical Co., Ltd. 80,000 760 123 0.4 33.0 Furong 2 Dehong biologic engineering corporation 58,000 832 102 Shengtang 3 Linzhu plastic material corporation 28,000 417 1.21 Jiuli 4 Qiaoli plastic chemical corporation 15,380 160 120 Jiuli 5 Anzhen third chemical plant 64,000 220 0.56 20 4.7 Furong 6 Sheng'an silk dyeing mill 106,200 205 47.4 Jiuli 7 Anzhen cement Co., Ltd. 500 500 1000 Furong Anzhen 8 Yuhua chemical Co., Ltd. 303,300 832 102 0.63 4.2 Jiuli e g Dasheng weaving plant 1,520 140 100 Jiuli 10 Jingyuan chemical Co., Ltd. 200 150 00 Jiuli 11 Anzhen brick plant 360 150 150 Zhoumatang 12 Xihua electrical material plant 320 150 150 Furong 13 Century stoving varnish Co., Ltd. 1,600 100 100 Furong 14 Anzhen Dongxiao aluminum plant 500 150 Jiuli 15 Wuxi Gaoyoubang paint plant 160 150 150 Zhoumatang 16 Guixi metal refinery 180 150 150 Jiuli I Shengyang Lunqiepian plant 800 150 Yanyang 2 Huida weaving plant 285,600 348 114 0.6 Yanyang 3 Fuda polyurethane corporation 3,000 150 Jiejin 4 Huaxin special steel plant 450 100 Jiejin 5 Yangjian town hospital 730 100 Yanyang 6 Ruitong information industry corporation 15,000 150 150 Panyeshu Yangjian 7 Wuxi Nanzhou chemical fibre factory 2,200 150 Yanyang 8 Quanli dyeing mating parts corporation 480 150 Yanyang 9 New century motorcycle corporation 22,000 150 Shengtang 10 Xishan third radio factory 8,000 150 Yanyang 11 Jiayi clothing Co.,Ltd. 700 150 Yanyang 12 Guangming antiseptic valve factory 400 150 Furong 13 Yada weaving Co.,Ltd. 540 150 Yanyang 14 Yanjian inorganic chemical plant 720 150 Jiejin I Shuanghui chemical Co., Ltd. 2,000 150 Zhoumatang 2 Jiabao medicine Co., Ltd. 1,680 166 Houqiao 3 Zhongli chemical Co., Ltd. 896,000 144 Zhoumatang 4 Honghui chemical Co., Ltd. 4,400 150 Zhoumatang 5 Xibao titanium Co., Ltd. 41,520 102 Zhoumatang 6 Wuxi Xinxing paper mill 8,000 150 Houqiao 7 Songshan chemical Co., Ltd. 720 150 9.7 Zhoumatang Houqiao 8 Shoujia packing materials corporation 900 150 Houqiao 9 Dalong diamond palnt 80 Houqiao 10 Houqiao town hospital 2,160 150 Houqiao 11 Orient special pump mating parts 12,400 Houqiao corporation 12 Xinya special mating parts corporation 400 150 Houqiao 13 Jianfa copper product Co., Ltd. 800 200 Zhoumatang 14 Guangming copper product Co., Ltd. 700 200 Zhoumatang 177 Annexed table 34 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Fuxing WWTP No. No. Enterprise Enterprise Location ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(1,000 Wastewater M3/a) Pollutants (tVa) COD Ss I Jiansu chemistry industry and pesticide group Co.,Ltd South gate 9,878.9 1423.07 674.31 2 Jihua group Suzhou Anli chemistry industry Co.,Ltd West garden 3,000.0 420.00 44.40 3 Suzhou dyeing factroy Wumen bridge 1,770.5 296.83 171.42 4 The second making drug factory ofSuzhou Panmen rode 1,126.0 146.38 95.71 5 Suzhou Weisi silk printing and dyeing Co.,Ltd Baiyangwan free road 951.3 133.83 76.11 6 The fourth making drug factory of Suzhou Baiyang bay 776.0 116.44 40.14 7 Suzhou Huikai weaving printing and dyeing Co.,Ltd Renming south road 491.1 86.93 41.26 8 Xinsulun weaving Co.,Ltd Renming south road 429.6 41.93 10.40 9 Suyang soap Co.,Ltd Hengkuang 325.6 41.28 29.20 10 Suzhou bedsheet factory Xi river 394.2 35.49 23.65 11 Suzhou Baichang plastic Co.,Ltd Wumen bridge 348.5 24.74 14.64 12 Suzhou Xinsilk Co.,Ltd Taohuawu road 243.0 21.87 0 13 Suzhou shenjiang industry parent company Liuyuan road 38.7 19.35 0 14 The fifth pharmacy company of Suzhou Baiyang gulf 185.8 17.84 2.71 15 Baogang group Suzhou metallurgy machine factory Laodong road 304.8 17.77 30.48 16 The first pharmacy company of Suzhou West garden 311.0 13.67 7.50 17 Suzhou Huanqiu chain transmission Co.,Ltd Liu garden Suhu road 163.5 13.06 0 18 Suzhou Shanxin electron Co.,Ltd Jing gate 163.3 12.36 10.25 19 Suzhou Jingda group company Xi river 74.5 10.43 6.39 20 Suzhou Rxin fine chemistry industry Co.,Ltd Shang tang 170.7 10.18 7.08 Total 21,147 2,903.45 1,285.65 Annexed table 3-5 The pollutants and wastewater load catched by Loujiang WWTP No. Enterprise title Wastewater CODc, (Va) (1,000mn3/a) COr(ta I Suzhou fine chemistry industry Group Co.,Ltd 3920.0 562.66 2 Suzhou dongwu silk factory 945.9 112.39 3 Suzhou Huikai industry Co.,Ltd 882.7 155.36 4 Suzhou Yiaxin Chemistry spinning Co.,Ltd in Suzhou industry park 684.5 58.274 5 Suzhou Jialewei development Co.,Ltd 541.2 55.08 6 Suzhou special type chemistry goods Co.,Ltd 456.0 61.54 7 Suzhou knitting general factory 417.7 58.48 8 Suzhou sanmeng silk plaiting Co.,Ltd 385.9 35.042 9 526 factory of nation 385.0 27.53 10 Jiangfeng silk Co.,Ltd of Suzhou industry park 308.3 26.511 11 Suzhou changfeng Co.,Ltd 302.7 1.9614 12 Suzhou compound chemistry industry Co.,Ltd 300.0 435 13 Suzhou Jingxiou silk plaiting Co.,Ltd 296.6 22.198 14 Suzhou Rxing drygoods Co.,Ltd 295.1 35.326 15 Suzhou Guanghua cement factory 280.1 10.083 16 Suzhou xingfeng plaiting Co.,Ltd 279.7 21.342 17 Jiangsu province Suzhou xinghua machine tool factory 273.3 3.1827 18 Suzhou dongfeng plaiting Co.,Ltd 256.0 17.958 19 Suzhou crystal component Co.,Ltd 154.9 9.9572 20 Suzhou dongwu vintage general factory 143.6 7.6625 21 Suzhou high frequency porcelain factory Co.,Ltd 128.1 4.3051 22 Suzhou weaving machine Co.,Ltd 102.3 3.069 Total 14,439.7 1724.92 178 Wastewater collection system in urban area of Wuxi 1.Environmental impact and mitigation measures during construction period (1)Environmental impact during construction a.Impact to traffic Urban wastewater network is below the roads. During the construction period, laying the wastewater pipelines will increase the traffic congestion to the already crowded streets, and produce impact to normal transport and traffic. b. Flying dust It will mainly be caused by soil excavation, sewer system construction, running vehicles, spoil piling areas and improper management of construction materials. According to prediction of other components in this EA, the Class II standard may be exceeded within 80-120m leeward from the work site road, 100-150m of the spoil area. There are usually shops and residents on both sides of the road, the flying dust during construction period will influence them. c.Noise It will mainly come from the construction machinery and running vehicles. Air compressor can produce a noise up to lOOdB (A), and it can be heard at a far distance in open area, affecting the life in the nearby residents, especially the first row of houses facing the work site. According to prediction of other components in this EA, in day time, the value exceeding the limit for construction machinery is within 50m, while in night, the noise limit value can be met at 200m. d.Wastewater During the pipe construction, groundwater contains a large amount of silt will be pumped if the level of groundwater is close to the surface. Therefore, it will pay attention to prevent the water from polluting surface water nearby The construction wastewater includes the domestic wastewater from construction workforce, and water for cleaning and rinsing construction machinery. The water flow will not be great, but it contains large amount of sediment and oil, and organic pollutant. If construction wastewater is discharged without any treatment and flows into surface water, it will cause pollution of surface water. e.Impact to public health There will be large number of construction workforce on the work sites, where the sanitation conditions will be relatively poor. This plus a high density of people may provide propagation routes for various epidemic diseases. A work site is a potential place of spreading and eruption of diseases, and mainly the construction workforce will be affected. f.Construction relocation Because of the demand of project construction, some land will be required and some residents, shops and enterprises be relocated. (2)Mitigation measures The proponents will sign contracts with construction units. Environmental protection measures will be defined as construction activities in contracts and implemented by construction units during construction period. The corresponding mitigation measures have been promoted according to local environmental situation: a.Proper transportation plan will be worked out, including transportation routes and time. b. Temporary land occupation, particularly in the farm land, will be planned well ahead of the 179 construction in consultation with the farners and others affected to minimize the loss of crops. At the end of the temporary uses, the land will be re-stored to its original state. c. Construction sites, transportation routes and materials handling sites will be water sprayed in dry and winding days up to 2 times a day, especially if these sites are near sensitive receptors, such as villages and residential areas. d. Sewrage and other waste from construction camps in rural areas will be collected and diverted to municipal systems to avoid contamination of the surrounding areas. e. Construction activities will be scheduled carefully to minimize the impact of noise from construction machinery to the surrounding environment. Night time uses of certain noisy machines such as excavators/dredgers and concrete vibrators, etc. will be prohibited. f. Maintenance of equipments will be strengthened to reduced noise impact. g. Temporary facilities such as collecting tank, settling tank, separation tank and drainage ditch etc. will be built for construction wastewater trementment. The pumped groundwater will be settled and then discharged into sewer and avoid polluting surface water nearby Septic tank or underearth wastewater treatment facilities will be built to trement wastewater from wastewater constructor. h. Sanitary and anti-epidemic affair will be emphasized. Construction workforce will go through physical examination before entering the site and also periodical examinations during the works, to safeguard their health. The publicizing and education on sanitation and epidemic prevention will be enhanced on work sites to build up the awareness of self-prevention by construction workforce and do a good job in sanitation and epidemic prevention on site. Management regulations on sanitation will be worked out for the site, inspections on the sanitation conditions on site will be strengthened, and attention will be paid to food hygiene and environmental sanitation on site. i. The relocated residents, shops, enterprises and other organizations will be compensated and resettled properly according to relevant laws, regulations and compensation rate determined by World Bank or local Governments. 2. Environmental impact and mitigation measures during operation period (1) Environmental impact during operation period Environmeantal impacts during operation period mainly are noise and odor generated from lifting pump stations. (2) Mitigation measures a. The location of lifting pump stations will be far away from sensitive receptors as much as possible during engineering design. b. The equipments with lower noise will be selected. c. The pumping stations which close to sensitive receptors will be installed soundproof and odor collection and treatment facilities. d. Maintenance of equipments will be strengthened to reduced noise impact. 3. Environmental management and monitoring requirements (1) Construction period The proponents will be in charge of environmental management during construction period, main contents includes involving environmental requirements in contracts with construction units, accepting supervision of local EPB and arrangement for environmental monitoring. a. Environmental monitoring for water environment Water environment monitoring will be carried out at oulet of wastewater generated from 180 constructors. The frequency is about twice a month to monthly and parameters include CODw,, BOD5, NH3-N and SS. SS will be measured for pumped groundwater. b. Environmental monitoring for ambient air environment Monthly for TSP. Monioring points will be located in downwind of the construction site. Frequency will be increased especially during windy period. c. Environmental monitoring for noise environment Random monitoring will be carried out according to operation condition ofequipments. The noise at sensitive receptors will be monitored especially when high noise equipments operate. The parameter is Leq(A). (2) Operation period The EP department of management units for components will be in charge of environmental management during operation period and accept supervision of local EPB. The main management contents includes monitoring for noise and odor generated from liftingpump stations, a. EP departments will inspect whether relevant signs being installed according to "Bylaw of Figures and Signs for Environmental Protection (tentative)" issued by SEPA. They are also in charge of routine monitoring. b. Noise Frequency: Weekly in day and night time in first 3 months and monthly if no obvious viriation happens. Parameters: Leq(A) c. Odor Frequency: monthly in first year, twice in summer and once in spring and autumn if no obvious odor impact from WWTPs to surrounding environment. Parameters: H2S, NH3, odor concentration. 181 Annex 2: Annex of section 5 Explanation about the monitoring status of sediment: The monitoring time was June 2003, only one time. Sampling process complied with the requirements specified in "Technical Specifications for Environmental Monitoring". The code requires that more than 3 samples will be collected at same location and mixed. The corresponding testing methodologies for sediment monitoring item and leaching test are shown in Annexed table 5-1 and 5-2. Annexed table 5-1 The inspection items and analyzing method of sediment Unit: mg/kg No. Item Method Standard Min inspection level I Hg Cold-atomic absorption spectrophotometry / 0.07 jig/kg 2 Pb Graphite oven Atomic absorption 0.4 jig/kg 3 Cd Graphite ovenAtomic absorption 0.01 jg/kg 4 Cu Flame atomic absorption 0.01 mg/kg S Zn Flame atomic absorption GB/T17141-1997 0.002 mg/kg 6 Cr Flame atomic absorption 0.003 mg/kg 7 Ni Flame atomic absorption 0.01 mg/kg 8 As Silver diethyldithiocarb nate (Ag-DDC) 0.5 mg/kg spectrophotometry 9 pH Glass-electrode method GB6920-86 / Water Water and wastewater 10 contend Gravimetric method monitoring and testing method / (fourth edition) Annexed table 5-2 The inspection items and analyzing method of leching test No. Item Method Standard Min inspection level I Cu Atomic absorption spectrophotometry GB/T15555.2-1995 0.01mg/L 2 Pb Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry GB/T15555.2-1995 0.02mg/L 3 Zn Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry GB/T17138-1997 0.002mg/L 4 Cd Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry GB/T15555.2-1995 0.Oljig/L 5 Cr Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry GB/T17137-1997 0.003mg/L 6 Ni Direct-suction Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry GB/TI5555.9-1995 0.002mg/L 7 Cr6+ Diphenylformamide spectrophotometry GB7467-87 0.004mg/L 8 Hg Cold-atomic absorption spectrophotometry GB/T15555.1-1995 0.005mg/L 9 As Silver diethyldithiocarb nate (Ag-DDC) spectrophotometry GB/T15555.3-1995 0.5mg/L 10 Cyanide Y-picolinic acid-pyrazolone spectrophotometry GB7487-87 0.004mg/L 182 Annex 3: Annex of section 7 Annexed table 7-1 The scale and effluent concentration of WWTPs located in Suzhou, Wuxi and Changzhou in 2010 Scale in 2010 Concentration ofeffluent (mg/L) (m /d) CODC, BOD5 NH3-N TP KI Qishuyian 100,000 60 20 15 1.0 K2 Chengbei 150,000 31 6.2 0.4 0.3 K3 Changzhou Qingtan 30,000 31 7.7 3.9 0.3 K4 Lihua 20,000 28 7.3 6.6 0.5 K5 Jiangbian 30,000 60 20 15 1.0 K6 Xinggang 600,000 60 20 15 1.0 K7 Diaozhuang town Dongnang 50,000 132 17 11.8 0.85 K8 Qinlong town Longdeng 50,000 100 20 15 1.0 K9 Liyang Chengbei 20,000 39.2 6.6 15 1.0 KIO Jint The first 30,000 51 15.7 0.15 0.14 Klm The second 40,000 60 20 15 1.0 K12 New city zone 80,000 60 20 15 1.0 K13 Hengshang town 43,000 60 20 15 1.0 K14 Mahang dyeing 18,000 100 20 15 1.0 K15 Wujin Luoyang town 35,000 60 20 15 1.0 K16 Threetown 30,000 60 20 15 1.0 K17 South district of development 100,000 60 20 15 1.0 K18 Weaving industry park 90,000 100 20 15 1.0 K19 Wuxi Lucun 400,000 80 30 10 1.0 K20 Chengbei 150,000 80 30 10 1.0 K21 New district 25,000 60 20 15 1.0 K22 Wuxi new district Shuofang 50,000 60 20 15 1.0 K23 Mei village 60,000 60 20 15 1.0 K24 Dongling . 50,000 60 20 15 1.0 K25 Binhu 150,000 60 20 15 1.0 K26 Xishang district Gangxia 25,000 60 20 15 1.0 K27 Anzhen 20,000 60 20 1S 1.0 K28 Dangkou 30,000 60 20 15 1.0 K29 Zhangjing 40,000 60 20 15 1.0 K30 Shitangwan 30,000 196 20 15 1.0 K31 Yangshi 10,000 114 20 15 1.0 K32 Luoshe 30,000 114 20 15 1.0 K33 Qianzhou 25,000 160 20 15 1.0 K34 Huishang district Luqu 3,000 386 20 15 1.0 K35 Huishan 50,000 60 20 15 1.0 K36 Yuqi 15,000 100 20 15 1.0 K37 Qianqiao 5,000 100 20 15 1.0 K38 Outang 5,000 100 20 15 1.0 K39 Jiangying 100,000 100 20 15 1.0 K40 Development zone 300,000 60 20 15 1.0 K41 Zhouzhuang 200,000 100 20 15 1.0 K42 Huasi 30,000 100 20 15 1.0 K43 Jiangying Zhutang 30,000 100 20 15 1.0 K44 Ligang 20,000 100 20 15 1.0 K45 Huangtang 20,000 100 20 15 1.0 K46 Qingyang 20,000 100 20 15 1.0 K47 Nanzha 10,000 100 20 15 1.0 K48 Xinqiao 10,000 100 20 15 1.0 K49 Yicheng town 25,000 200 20 15 1.0 K50 Guangling 5,000 60 20 15 1.0 K51 Yixing Heqiao 18,260 60 20 15 0.5 K52 Zhangzhu 20,600 60 20 15 0.5 K53 Zhoutie 5,000 60 20 15 1.0 183 No. Location WWTP Scale in 2010 Concentration ofeffluent (mg/L) (m3/d) CODC, BOD5 NH3-N TP K54 Yixing Dingshu 25,000 60 20 15 1.0 K55 Chengbei 25,000 60 20 15 1.0 K56 Chendong 40,000 60 20 15 0.5 K57 Tai lake vacation village 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K58 Loujiang 140,000 60 20 15 1.0 K59 Suzhou Fuling 180,000 60 20 15 1.0 K60 New district 80,000 120 30 25 0.5 K61 New district second 40,000 120 30 25 0.5 K62 Industrial park 100,000 60 20 15 0.5 K63 Kunshang 50,000 60 20 15 0.5 K64 Shipu 50,000 95 18 10 0.5 K65 Kunshan Lujia 50,000 60 20 15 0.5 K66 Zhangpu 50,000 60 20 15 0.5 K67 Beiqu 150,000 60 20 15 0.5 K68 Development district 50,000 60 20 15 0.5 K69 Chengbei 30,000 60 20 15 0.5 K70 Dayi 8,000 60 20 15 0.5 K71 Haiyu 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K72 Zhangqiao 6,000 60 20 15 0.5 K73 Changshu Zhitang 5,000 60 20 15 0.5 K74 Meili 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K75 Kuncheng industry park 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K76 Changkun industry district 15,000 60 20 15 0.5 K77 Yianjiang development district 70,000 60 20 15 0.5 K78 Zhangjiegang 30,000 60 20 15 0.5 K79 The city west 35,000 60 20 15 0.5 K80 Zhangjiagang Gangkou 4,000 60 20 15 0.5 K81 Tangshi 5,000 110 20 15 0.5 K82 Gangqu 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K83 Bonded district 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K84 Taicang 20,000 57 17 5.8 0.5 K85 Taican Cycling resource processing 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K86 g Gangkou development district 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K87 City east 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K88 Songling 30,000 60 20 15 0.5 K89 Zhengze 30,000 60 20 15 0.5 K90 Lili 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K91 Wujiang Yongxi 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K92 Pingwang 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K93 Badu 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K94 Shengze 101,000 60 20 15 0.5 K95 Yundong 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K96 Wuzhong 25,000 60 20 15 1.0 K97 Wuzhong district 10,000 60 20 15 3.4 K98 Yongzhi 22,000 100 20 15 0.5 K99 Wuzhong district Mudu 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K100 Guanfu 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K101 Dongshan 5,000 60 20 15 0.5 K102 Xishan 5,000 60 20 15 0.5 K103 Panyang 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K104 Lumu 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K105 Xiangcheng Wangting 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K106 district Beiqiao 10,000 60 20 15 0.5 K107 Weitang 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 K108 Xiangchen 20,000 60 20 15 0.5 Note: The proposed WWTPs of TBt1EP listed intable are bold. 184 Annexed table 7-2 The simulation results of dynamical status for under scenario BO-B4 Scheme B0O BIl B2 Scheme B3 Scheme B4 River Flow Velocity Flow Velocity Flow Velocity (m3Is) (m/s) (m3/s) (mis) (m31s) (mls) The downstream ofintersection with 6.886 0.039 7.612 0.042 6.982 0.039 Grand Canal Shangtang river The downstream of intersection with 8.466 0.055 10.674 0.070 8.674 0.057 Xujiang river Shangtang river 6.191 0.123 4.708 0.092 5.301 0.105 Xi river 4.141 0.079 3.640 0.068 4.008 0.076 The north ofWaicheng river 7.232 0.038 9.207 0.048 6.252 0.033 The east ofWaicheng river 2.125 0.007 3.534 0.012 1.833 0.006 The southofWaicheng river 7.252 0.028 7.514 0.029 6.818 0.027 The westofWaicheng river 3.931 0.018 5.163 0.025 3,073 0.015 Annexed table 7-3 The simulation results of CODMN under scenario BO-B4 Unit: mg/L River and Cross-section Scheme BO Scheme B1 Scheme B2 Scheme B3 Scheme B4 Jingfeng bridge of Grand canal 6.68 6.68 8.81 8.85 6.54 Qinghua storehouse of Grand canal 5.92 5.92 6.38 6.63 6.27 Guangji bridge of Shangtang river 6.17 6.17 7.35 6.87 6.40 Tairang bridge ofXujiang river 6.03 6.03 6.53 6.87 6.48 The north of Waicheng river 7.88 7.88 8.21 7.44 8.70 TheeastofWaichengriver 11.49 11.49 12.10 8.98 13.89 ThesouthofWaichengriver 7.97 7.97 8.36 8.15 8.03 The west of Waicheng river 7.34 7.34 7.73 7.53 7.35 Annexed table 7-4 The simulation results of dynamical status for rivers in Suzhou under scenario CO-C2 Scheme CO Scheme Cl Scheme C2 Region River Flow Velocity Flow Velocity Flow Velocity (m3/s) (mis) (m3/s) (mis) (m3/s) (mis) The east ofWaicheng 2.125 0.007 1.779 0.006 3.433 0.012 The north of Waicheng 7.252 0.028 6.985 0.027 7.438 0.029 Old city district Thewest ofWaicheng 3.931 0.018 3.396 0.016 5.388 0.026 The south of Waicheng 7.232 0.038 6.310 0.033 9.534 0.050 Taohuawu 0.406 0.029 0.353 0.025 0.541 0.039 City east Xiangmentang 1.200 0.035 1.256 0.030 1.258 0.030 Jiangjiabang 1.192 0.021 1.244 0.022 1.241 0.021 City south Meichang 1.605 0.040 2.020 0.036 2.260 0.040 Xujiang Xianrengang 1.262 0.037 1.676 0.032 2.410 0.057 Panxi district Jouqugang 0.420 0.047 0.897 0.022 0.914 0.027 Dalonggang 1.181 0.025 0.966 0.014 2.022 0.036 Caixiangbang 0.239 0.008 0.306 0.011 0.208 0.007 Hedong new Tongjing 0.006 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.006 0.000 district Huangshiqiao 0.258 0.009 0.220 0.007 0.381 0.012 Fenghuangjing 1.789 0.045 1.966 0.035 1.428 0.025 Shangtang 1.830 0.032 1.509 0.027 2.192 0.038 Shangtang Yefangbang 0.007 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.009 0.000 district Fangjiabang 0.005 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.006 0.000 Shuofangzhuang 0.048 0.002 0.047 0.003 0.085 0.003 City north Taying 2.404 0.073 2.055 0.063 2.711 0.081 Yuanhetang 5.255 0.129 5.076 0.126 5.361 0.130 185 Annexed table 7-5 The simulation results of CODMN for rivers in Suzhou underscenario CO-C2 Unit: mg/L District River Scheme CO Scheme C I Scheme C2 Shangtang Shangtang 6.10 5.83 6.04 Yefangbang 5.08 4.92 4.01 Lishuang 5.69 5.48 5.61 Huangshiqiao 5.47 5.26 5.41 Xianrengang 5.97 5.80 5.94 Xujiang panxi district Jouqugang 5.78 5.58 5.72 Dalonggang 6.84 6.00 6.69 City south Meichang 6.93 6.21 6.53 The north of Waicheng 7.88 8.23 7.27 Old city The east line ofWaicheng 11.49 13.14 8.58 Old city The south of Waicheng 7.97 7.76 7.81 The west ofWaicheng 7.34 7.14 7.18 186 Annex 4: Annex of section 12 I.The following content is extracted from Section 4.2, " Technical Specifications Requirements for Monitoring of Surface Water and Wastewater (HJ/T91-2002), the Environmental Protection Industrial Standardof the People's Republic of China. 4.2 Sampling of water quality monitoring of the surface water 4.2.1 The principle of determining the frequency of sampling Depending on the actual conditions of different water functions, hydrologic features, pollution sources, and discharge of pollutants, it is required to obtain samples of most time representative with minimum frequency of sampling, and also meet the need of reflecting the baseline of the water quality and is viable. 4.2.2 Frequency and time of sampling 4.2.2.1 Locations of drinking water sources and monitoring cross-sections at junctions between provinces (autonomous regions and municipality), that shall be selectively controlled, it is necessary to take samples monthly. 4.2.2.2 Monitoring cross-sections on nationally controlled water systems, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, it is necessary to sample once in the odd months, and six times per year. 4.2.2.3 It is necessary to sample once per year on the background cross-sections of water systems. 2.The following content is extracted from Section 9.2, "Standardfor Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal Sites for General Industrial Solid Wastes", National Standard of People's Republic of China. 9.2 Monitoring 9.2.1 The sampling frequency for the leachate and effluent after being treated: monthly. 9.2.2 The sampling frequency for the groundwater: before the operation of storage and disposal sites, it is necessary to monitor the level of the background at least once; during the operation and after being closed, it is required to sample once during dry, average and wet water seasons respectively. 9.2.3 Sampling frequency for ambient air: monthly 3. The following content is extracted from Section 6.0, "Technical specification for Environmental Monitoring (4 thvolume): Part of Biology Monitoring (water environment)". Biology monitoring frequency is required to be not less than twice a year. 4.The following content is extracted from Section 6.4.2, "Technical Requirements for Monitoring of Total Amount of Pollutants in Waste Water (HJ/T92-2002), the Environmental Protection Industrial Standard of the People's Republic of China. 6.2.4 The Environmental Monitoring Station affiliated to the Administrative Competent Department of Environmental Protection is in charge of the supervisory monitoring for the enterprises implementing total amount control of pollutants, and determining the frequency and time of supervisory monitoring based on the results of monitoring. The supervisory monitoring for the discharging pollutants of enterprises in such a manner: more than 4 times a year (quarterly generally) for major pollution sources (daily discharge flow over 100 m3/d); 2 to 4 times a year (once or twice in the first half and second half of a year) for ordinary pollution sources (daily discharge flow less than 100 m3/d). 5.The following content is extracted from Section 20.1.1, "Technical Requirements for Operation, Maintenance and Safety of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (CJJ60-94), the Environmental Protection Industrial Standard of the People's Republic of China. 187 20.1.1 Monitoring parameters and frequency for wastewater and sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant in normal operation shall accord with the requirements specified in Annexed table 12-1 and 12-2. Annexed table 12-1 Monitoring parameters and frequencies for wastewater of WWTPs No. Parameters Frequencies No. Parameters Frequencies I pH 21 Egg ofroundworm 2 Ss 22 Sodiumsulfonatebenzene alkyl 3 BOD5 23 Aldehydes 4 CODc, Daily 24 Cyanide 5 SV% 25 Sulfide Monthly 6 MLSS 26 Fluoride 7 MLVSS 27 Oils 8 DO 28 Aniline 9 Chloride 29 Volatile acid 10 Ammonia Daily for the 30 Hydride 11 Nitrate nitrogen WWTPs with 31 Copper and its compound 12 Nitrite nitrogen nitrogen and 32 Zinc and its compound 13 Total nitrogen phosphorus 33 Lead and its compound 14 Organic nitrogen removal 34 Mercury and its compound 15 Phosphate process Weekly 35 Cr6+ Once every 16 Total solid 36 Total chrome half year 17 Soluble solid 37 Total nickel 18 Total organic carbon 38 Total cadmium 19 Total number of bacteria 39 Total arsenic 20 Bacillus coli 40 Organophosphorus Annexed table 12-2 Monitoring parameters and frequencies for sludge of WWTPs No. Parameters Frequencies No. Parameters Frequencies I Content of organic matter 14 Zinc and its compound 2 Water content 15 Copper and its compound 3 pH Daily 16 Lead and its compound 4 Fatty acid 17 Chrome and its compound 5 Total alkalinity 18 Nickel and its compound 6 Component of marsh gas Weekly 19 Cadmium and its compound Quarterly 7 Phenols 20 Mercury and its compound 8 Cyanide 21 Arsenic and its compound 9 Mineral oil Monthly 22 Boron and its compound 10 Benzopyrene (a) 23 Total nitrogen 11 Total number of bacteria 24 Total phosphorus 12 Bacillus coli 25 Total potassium 13 Egg of bellyworm / I 188 I Annex 5: Advertisement on Xinhua Daily, Wuxi Daily and Suzhou Daily A t~~~~ r '~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ @.A 1 V"-,^DAiLYGROU 2003*X10 15 5 RUE fl*tflZ]+ IXll- ': p I D AI9U I w ;FA ~-M RK,) L7-tIA-- 41 IQFT v-- m A#41F. :i; p c,-1i-Attil -fr4j A 4t9 * St Z51 4 t4Pit\t 't?tfl* $ AAW U.0jA ),jfft*$j29000371#8d, It;eR PAl§fnVA.Zg31-:,+'St>X; W J11@ts !S rlfw3~ff Y flfl 120031158 ~~~~~~~MA1- tt'I5 fu T,4 i ,r3 TLItMi aS*K, w l4ir A$r ~SiAkQi~20o3 ~ 3A 31 H0 WiA 16 H~2004 (WWW. 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I4A YH M IF A Y L Wi S,L -'f- £I .OL7 7*L 9vL-M 44± I 5 T W * Ui W L fgI foL J TO O WrSLoFiL~ 8£QW4 ITliWf.1 @grWWAS aT'fi -Y4OOOS I _T (U6)0606808 £££10LZ L991ZLZ~ ta~~~thh 4 Uol:W£oz ! ?s'l''SWt06XgiWM,l _2wLm _w :Am 4o t v_~ ^ ~~~~~~~~Legend ; , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~+ -- Planned Road ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Pisened i Lakeoedary Line V~~ ~O 5000 1500 lOC AnexProposed Tai Basin Urban Environm Around P roject(TBUEP) Ls 072 Anexed Figure 3-1 The ProposedGate Locations Around Wuli Lake IF1-013 _ _ osll a 0flnY/BA/B Reproduced from an bri-inil,&. of local Design Institute L Aciito Sco | ~~~~~~~ . . . . ~~ ~ . ..............~.-.I ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ 05 05 II Sit_- rF \o\\ 06Jj~~~~~~~~0 / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ t ~12 _ < y \\ > 0.) | f f ~ > Site BounyFnce Fe\ce 8 I 'f oa - KEYJ\ | S ; =.05 05 01 Coarse Screen and Inlet Puming Station 5 -~--,_--..x. 02 Fine Screen and Grit Removal Camber 03 Anozic Hydrolyze Tank 04 Distribution Tank _C~fl T i 05 SBR Tank 02q U 06 Blower and Power House s10 t ( Ot Sludge Store Tank 1{l lJ -,,." 08 Sludge Thickening and Dewatering House 09 Disinfection House ^-,Lrl,, vsl . 11 X - 10 Administration Building 11 Guard House 19-- lAnd Used_for Future 0 20 40. t = == ===~~~~~A4ess to 32 SCMES:S~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 32 -.S S Xibei Canal == 8tatu* Tai Basin Urban Environment Project(TBUEP) S W w~~~l Cowli MWH bfzProposed br5s1> Annexed Figure 3-2 Huishan Wastewater Treatment Plant IFOI-013 APR= LL 07~Mr Reproduced from an original drawingof local Design Institute SIte Boundary Pence / / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~14h I ;i ~~~~KEY (f/ / F 4 ) 01 Coarse Screen and Inlet Paping Station 0/~/08 ogP08 1;l ) 02 Fine Screen and Grit Removal Cbahber 09 / j X ~IO v7I 106 Anoxic Hydrolyze Tank ,03 a 04 Distribution Tank -01 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~06 SORTank 05 05 05 05 06 Blower House 07 Power Ibuse 08 /511/ Sludge Store Tank n 09 Sludge Thickening and Dewatering House /,/10 i/ X i,# %\ Abinistration Building 11 Gad House K < ,t,) I < 12 Land Use for Future Ili--dLegend / ~ ~~~~ /\ ', , - ,-- 05 F-----F---1----F--------P1 03 -- r# -, Legend dl , 01 --- 12 P-ase I Bilding 02 t 10 ' g I I PbaseP I Building 10,1 02pJ 0 20 40. Access to WrP ,,tW)r Proposed Tai Basin Urban Environment Project(TBUEP) LI I1 MWHFu An7exe ogi la l g lL 07). Annexed Figure 3-3 DongtingWastewater TreatmentPlant IFOI-013 a I -1 a14 o t . i:$ on ~o I J a o*-- _ _ o at__ o o o C~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~f a. ~~~~~~~ o 0 ,~ ' - _ a oU 2.. -SX". -*^^ oo .- ' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4' '~ o o o oo t . a~~~~~~~~3 o -~ - -.. - -. -R ___________________026=t* a aw a, . Q.EYZ* ; a a .$^*X.£ ~ o 9~ _a El - - O a _! S 1Ii a al- a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~O Oe O O \ *", , a o a 6-/| ~ $1$& W* r~ | 06.9 a5x M a ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a"i I . N Reprodued fro a or giml d&mdof loal Desip intitute 2 K Accent to wir3 < | C o (yLLjiE 8-0 W MA @R t |m> &~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~0 CODOM ned Inlet Pumping Scree Statics '4 4 c 02 )2 FiX"5 n Scrm ad Grit | R1al abe | r is . ... & ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~04 Alteaive Roteter Trstut Tan Z dt _ wt t * _§ 0 H 3 U"n PO t1| Sludge Stor, TiAn 03 r s Sludg Thickening and Dteiag Dn. = ~ EAI~L ~C Ad ainistlanRullding 1 0 3) r 0 mg ft1 fut St tiar .1 Gard Bom ) -> 12 Land(d for Pes Iittt Lain Trntmt (z3 d is 5 for Puture SludTLtrLeto 9 5law Used GE)I n M E- Legend c < 00ab(E13 J ^ § i * 11 . gtl ~~ ~~~~12 C:, ' Pbnue 1 lldInr A, .__9q t _ o O % S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~G t ' t * 11A MA VL 2D 4Mi - -j; 6 _0m °0/0 ° P / A nsit r Pan GU ( U U UI U . j |~~~~TT Project(TBUEP) Y Proposed Tai Basin Urban Environment c ~~~~~~~~~riui t] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Annexed Figure 3-5 Loujiang Wastewater Treatmient Plant 5 a effi" u IM43 | Xepro4nd rrerlNinul n f Lana Z.b hlnal *lnsltitute - t ''''I'~' '~ ' ''~ ~'~'' '- ''~'~'~~ " ~ "~"~ '' s'~"~'4 N i1 [Q 1 [?t\z 2 'I II KEY i2 oi Corse screm o0 Inlet ?vving Statioi ~~~~~~~~~~~02 1an nb t \ Fira Sermeand Grit 03 Powa I:ue r M| SlWp DietributiorTnk j v| \04 Altemntive sutmter Trtusnt Trk ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~06 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~07 Sludp Stwo etak ; . J. 1^1 v ) \ Se 0S Sludge DeuterinOSIje ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~03 hdabistratim Buildings 1 f 4 _. ._ ,- I | t10 bcbani hpair km and nrest wRip 4I J > 12 Land Usdhr f Pe 11Wateeter Tretatt -w 41 tf s*,> + + + r uw ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~k(e Wm * I Th05\oIT S~| 1-'zi'' ! S4@:7D@J,,, , sIl , j * * *v6; |c \ \ Phbe I I Ibilding !4g[1 |frW K . 1i 0 20 40 hodal tod . ., 0 St X=ll:SU= IXVH CADbfC.WW 5 w Proposed Tai Basin Urban Envirorment Project(TBUEP) {" MWH r D Annexed Figure 3-6 FuxingWastewater TreatmentPlant IFOI-013 I - FO-13 - DUU aAnedFgre 4- -s - _ ; ~I. -A,. Z] Conwwdon ofAiiowwth 25,000Qm3d - Construction of WWTP with 30,000 M3d Annexed .gr37WuogWse. ! Annexed,>.1' Fi*gu3Ere 1 ;3-7WzongWstewaerTattmet PlantS To Jiangyin Legend \\ ~~~~~~~~~~~To W iangynToJain PTo To Jl 312 uiaf Now Jiangyin To Nanji i = =__ 1i1 i |l hiishui WI 11 ^ To Shanghai s - - - - - - j s - - - n A , t I '4/Expressway blu11ugihd = _ _-1 _ _ _ District Boundary - - 1 -1 /1 Station = - Xicheng P Stati n ~ Yanxin Pu jwniUToSngi Alternative Site f i ' NfI JI / 1-m forWlTP I Station Proposal Huishan WMP//£I~~i ~Saga Doi - - ' To To - - -o-i -To-- ToWuxiTW _ \\To\uxi ToTuxi~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T tx ,/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~To lui Std4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ : CPSs Tai Basin Urban Environment Project(TBUEP) WZGMProposed kAnexed Figure 3-8 Iuishan Wastewater System Proposal IFOI-13 | am tu WMA AP"" u e 75Mr I To Changzhou To Shitang Wan 1-1Als Proposed Tai Basin Urbaun Environment Project ( )Legend Dongting WWTP * PStation River Expressway District Boundary Phase I Catchient Phase I I Catchinent TO Shanhi Ca hf:QM ~~~~~~~~~~ProposedTai Basin Urban Environment Project (TBUEP) NAUJIJ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ BMW MWH St" job NoWIjetNoI I-h 1 am ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Annexed Figure 3-9 Dongting Wastewater ARM P System Proposal L IFOI-013- ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ;1;1lz5-- !!i;li-7 Z---- l_ ; 'i1 i ! JI z I ! l'l'i'll,''-l-_'>t-'---' s 'S,'' A t _|s_11 @L-X00--==- ET e~~~~~~~~~~~~' It_ '.:- |otZf !-t; | l| tr l t lij I |7lj 1 1i- | -> - j~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~lrf; '" \ < !eH*J;;$~~~~~.IM '; tt-|- s 9---; 1- tl!--rn1 JL- /eIIl=l- Legendr- t_1_- JX Iti)_{ t _ , > Sewer - - } 1- > { > X i 2. 'gS n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ WTP '-.'iA, i i - 1 - 3 .e, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Lifting puraping station 0X8'' \X. 1+1) II_j= eK eit AB wt E* 8 Annexed Figure 3-10 Anzhen Wastewater System Proposal k9, ,, V11ih ||k 2 Legend \RxistingN g11Th River Railway Existing Cheng Xl Wrt0v/| ^9iSF District Boundary rzz XX { Fuxin . 5| ent Fusing VWP i , Loujiang 1l 1 \P Catchent e Project(TBUEP) Co WOlt Proposed Tai Basin Urban Environment Date II KmUNMWHYJ 3 u d a t S st Pt p luw a A F IL 0/m Annexed Figure 3-11 Fuxing and LoujiangWastewate System Proposal IFoI-013 t5*b| mml LE W12 N ; i mStrft t / - ! HIbit I\ ii 3btII i d edong District h\; - Qortructed DisVet \ _ I" j\{ort stbens 4\OMA\ \ _ )fiddleaM" Hu A t I[ | Jsuzhong WP TP NN t fLegend ~ Xlit Wuzhorg |WTP d w\ * F Rg 2 I 42 ""Donau Districl I k iow Pump Station ISt k39 t River _, - _ &__-_, _,_, District Boundary Proposed Tai Basin Urban Environment Project(TBUEP) 07/fMWH | 071" Annexed Figure 3-12 Wuzhong Wastewater System Proposal IFOI-l | - | 2'6 f/ r27 k 4'1 aLkec 29: v-s 30 -/'t 0 ,N -/ t 2.0004.000 &7 / 1$ 13 12 ~~~~t~ / t 910001.0 s _ifL)_L^\ai - 4 * * 1 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 12000-15.000 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 4-A~/ .. -. / i% 4 .' - q < ' 10.000-1200- - ct ~~~~~~~~8.000 1 0.000 C i-6 156000 61.000 1 > *4.000 6 5000 ) * kc..-i* -4 2.0004-1.000/ N InActive- Annexed Figure 7-1 The Mean Simulation Concentration of CODw for Scenario AO IlI 9~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ < wX< h8>/W _> h _ K-Anzhe N . ~ ~ ~ ~9 ~ % ' V.- t- I\ v -t5 -. I / =2.0 17' - Nu r4~koJ -i _,< / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 1.0-2.00 - _ *^4-\ _fi ,36 t t ~~~~~~~~~~~/ C 8 2001.0........... .. \ ~ ~~ 6.0-.0 -g~t. * 4 K15' ) 1/1 4.000- 6.000 W-0 * 8 rvX c97-l jI \~~~~ 15000-18.000 @)S\X ;^ V - \ <~~~2000-1.0 _ t.} T Li ' a.kfre ' Annexed Figure 7-2 The Mean Simulation Concentration of CODM+, for Scenario Al I . Al I 'Vi j J 26 X 2826I 2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 /~~ Chn 18.004000 29 - , 28 \ C, a- * 15- lS000- 18.000 t - 3 6 e i # 0 /12000-15.000 g <~~~ 106000-1.000 1^^ *r i I iZt -S . .-} Annexed Figure 7-3 The Mean Simulation Concentration of CODM, for Scenario AOl I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l 7~~~~ jje~~~ vg v 2r p- Li 1 t~~~~~~~~~~7 ~~~1 Z fSc* ; -'1 * >=20.0004Dongting - /-.- / / 18.000 - 20.000 C<' L U \ _Wuxi *r 4X / 3000000000-7 W L~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~L,P INbjr A ,% r-~~~~~~~~~~~~ - P31300000000000000000 / >= -20.00021\\lL K55L-ouII.lI.n, \; K *15000-18M 1.008000 -20.000 ~tL~ 6 , 12.000-15.000 f i3 'A * 10.000-12.000t * 800010.000 C F/uzin 6000- 8.000 '1 * 4.000-6.000 K\97~i ~ - 2.000- 4.000 - \ InActive / - SA *L.4 2 Annexed Figure 7-4 The Mean Simulation Concentration of CODm for Scenario All .1 w Cithmnn i\ t J L5g *\ ___,, . tiv <7 bV t,-. t , / A\> 26 CS '7- sg g& \ <1 9 ' \ ' 9 | - ' ' 2~~19 N / Yr I~~~~~~~~~7i "4 18002.0 5001.0 --. s s , / 9l - / b 1 /12 I 7 - gg8.000 / 1 &0.02 (. .\ y J \ 12.000~~~~~~~~~~- 15 00 a Xs 0~~~03 2 P31600000000000000000 , _x ,) 15000-1.000 * 18.000 -20.000 i4Su. A e 0 12000- 15,000 ._ A 10F000 -12.000 t 8.000- 10.000C 22.r 6,000'8.000'5- # 4 2.000- 4.000 cK2.000 InActive Annexed Figure 7-5 The Mean Simulation Concentration of CODm, for Scenario A2 's:~ A' 30 ~ ~ ~ 9~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ '-9lf---/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2- jAkt\> 6 I-o~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 7 18~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 < <)T ilale < ~~~~~~3 , 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 Z X >s20000 T6iiIAke < 4\ )~~~~~ i8000 80.00 *0 jpF<-' \ AiTS3~~~~~1.000 7 F41.000 Te S p ot C nfr0.000 \_ )X!/ A f 4 , / " 15.000 18.000 C@ / 'N - fcs5\ j) V~~~~~~t0 - A-.00 ~~~~~~~~~~~~1 iWa. .2 1nnexe12-60 Fiur Th2enSmlto2Cnetaino O o cnroA 9~~~~~~~~ .7'* / - ,-o, Tiii btiE A 3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,8 ix Nt14/~~~ 18, t 3 / 18~~~.002000 1.000-20.000 EX 31 F U .15000- 18.000 4 12.000 18000O 4 4t^J i.000 0000 W, t 36 )~~~~~ 8 40000 8 2000 43000 -4000 g , ~ ~~~4000 8.000 t* X l Annexed Figure 7-10 The Mean Simnulation Concentration of BOD5 for Scenario A2 4 < 199s, P 2 3 t k ~ A S f fit ks;9 N 7-1~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 16~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' <1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 lkiLake zov -At < '20 @, X >\'40 P2000000000000000000 /1 5 i/~~~~~ n 4.000 8000 1.0 00 2.0 00 2. 8000300Q-S2-;'X1 I *23000 -34000 -S ' 1.000- 18000 0800 1000 Aw 0C160 -0500 r p 37 XI <0180 - InActive Annexed Figure 7-11 The Mean Simulation Concentration ofNHt-N for Scenanio AO /- e o an 7-1 4~~~~~~ I-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 / " 3~~~~~~~~~~~~~.00 500- 19 2000 3.000 \ ~~~~~40.100-.000 3Zgs 0 InAdive /X_,3.O-4.00 Annexed Figure 7-12 The Mean Simulation Concentrationof NiH-N for Scenario Al (an N /~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ t XSx 't '4 17- X 6~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i / *\½-- i -5 t | 26 ~~~~K3sHuisA < _ /~~~~~~~~~~~~ft rt7t / 0 < i *s24D4ng l~~~~~~~~K2AF lz{ieji X5, /2t,43 ~~~~~~~~~~~~'/ V c~~~7 ' 'm-5'x7 37 -- > <~~K41)nwa 5 )TaiL~~~akea | -* XS 0~~~< j uzhw .<,3~~~~~~~5#- >r. 0 8.00 tr__0 O.o0oo9.0 o C \ - 36 I.WO0 2.000 &:)15f Ut la23 > / / r i1.000 *1.600.w 0.600 1.000 IF.*zwh( 37_ 0. 150 0.5Q00<\^\rt nrre/< 0, 1&20 Annexed Figure 7-14 The Mean Simulation Concentration of NH4-N for Scenario AI11 1\2 iw-"\.J'# _yw*cA, \/\E/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i XXi) / .. 88 s t~~~~~~~~~~~~~ *8P20000000UO0OQ 0'i 14 / -40X -eooa >4/ 8.000 8.G o -X 36 q - 4 \ 3000 4000 M 2.O0 3.000 I ~~ ~1 FM1800. 2.000 2 100 11500 08600 1,000 0X150- 0.500 n0 710 InAotive Annexed Figure 7-15 The Mean Simnulation Concentration of NH-L-N for Scenario A2 II X o v~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' =S>RsA 2>t M *ElmE 1'Nv CD Se 0 XW -t 3. -- 0 {A4-w-4:lwsH'~~~~' 1. _, C w; l_sA/ r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 4 aJ CTai Lake A ~~~~~~~-T ,71~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 2 jJ t < u~~~~~~~~~~~~~~K~Azhe-- ; I vZ ~ P1000002000000000r1 *0 2.0 1000 s |F-\_3 08100 2.000 t~~~~~~Os - 0.1.000 f$. 0300 0400 0.200 0 300 W 0.100 0.200 l ff t 0.020 0.100 7 A inAneixe Ft Seai Al Annexed Figure 7-17 The Mean Simulation Concentration of TPfor Scenario AI VII~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~V ~~~~K - -iW s' ~~~~~~~~~~26 25 6~~~~~~~~~~ ¶1 V ¾1ooooousoo 3013- 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1 ~ 9 ~ ~ . '½ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~200 *10002000 21 2. 0.800 1000- *0000 0800 g '133 inOO4 000 2w wj.O 0.300-0400J 0.200-0 30015 23J f - / /~~~~~0.100 0.200 37^ iv w 0.020 -0100 <0020 4 Annexed Figure 7-18 The Mean Simulation Concentration of TP for ScenarioAOI I I / _ > 5 >;> j*,,s8';''-'ittxw35-u X-27-IN - 4 K27Anzhe / j.,.~~~~~K24Dongting 4 1'~~~~~~~~~ 6~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ u? n 7 3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ > t{ ~~~~~Tai~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Lake Sia782~ Lojan c L t P1000010000000000000 12235; 1.000-2. W 0C / - ~~~~0.800 - 1.W00ms (X b 4 t 020~~~~~0 0200 ,A X_ InActive A2 Annexed Figure 7-20 The Mean SimulationConcentrationof TP for Scenario i