Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group List of Tables Know1: Knowledge of Actions to Reduce Exposure Know2: Actions Taken by Government Beh1: Changes in Behavior to Reduce Exposure Access1: Household's Ability to Buy Certain Items Access2: Reasons for Household Inability to Buy Certain Items Access3: Household Inability to Buy Certain Items Access 4: Household Inability to Buy Certain Items by Consumption Quintile Edu1: Education - Learning Activity Before and After the Outbreak Edu2:Learning Activities since the Outbreak Edu3:Learnining Activities During the Outbreak by Consumption Quintile Health: Access to Health Care Services During the Outbreak Inc1: Household Income Sources Inc2:Income Source by Change Status Inc3:Changes in Household Income since the Outbreak Inc4:Income Change by Consumption Quintile Cop1:Coping Strategies- Short List Cop2:Coping Strategies by Consumption Quintile Food Sec: Food Insecurity Experience - 3 Questions from FIES Aid1: Assistance by Type- Conditional and Unconditional Aid2: Assistance by Source - Conditional and Unconditional E1: Multiple Employment Related Tables: Current and Previous Status E2: Sectors in Previous Employment E3: Employment Type in Previous and Current Employment E4:Multiple Tables - Sectors in Previous Employment and Sectors for COVID Related Job Loss E5:Work Continuity After the Outbreak and Payment Status E6: Household Owned Businesses Before the Outbreak E7:Businesses sectors Before the Outbreak E8:Changes in Household Businesses After the Outbreak E9: Reasons for Reduction in Businesses Income After the Outbreak E10:Household Member Worked on Family Farm E11: Household Member Employment Before the Outbreak E12: Non-Respondent Household Member Job Loss by - all Reasons Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 1 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Kn1. Knowledge of Actions to Reduce Exposure, Percent Rural Urban National Wash hands 99.3 99.9 99.5 Use gloves 60.8 77.0 66.2 Avoid travel 83.3 93.1 86.6 Stay home 86.1 94.5 88.9 Avoid gatherings 85.6 94.6 88.6 Self-distance 92.7 98.2 94.6 Avoid touching face 85.3 97.3 89.3 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 2 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Kn2. Knowledge of Actions taken by the Government to Reduce Contracting COVID-19, Percent Rural Urban National Knowledge of any government action 91.9 96.0 93.2 Advised citizens 40.1 45.0 41.7 Restricted travel: domestic 22.3 18.7 21.1 Restricted travel: international 6.1 5.0 5.7 Closed schools, universities 31.1 29.7 30.7 Advised to close everything and stay home 17.7 7.8 14.4 Closed non-essential business 7.7 15.3 10.2 Built more hospitals, facilities 1.3 4.0 2.2 Provided food assistance to the needy 9.8 13.0 10.9 Opened clinics and testing locations 1.4 4.0 2.3 Limited social gatherings 77.6 82.7 79.3 Disseminated knowledge 16.1 40.8 24.3 Setup handwashing kiosks 17.9 43.9 26.6 Note: Actions are based on the respondents' recall. Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 3 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Beh1. Changes in Behavior to Reduce Exposure, Percent Rural Urban National Wash hands more frequently 98.1 99.1 98.4 Avoid handshaking and physical greetings 95.8 96.6 96.1 Avoid gatherings 81.3 87.1 83.2 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 4 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Acc1. Households Ability to Buy Certain Items, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Medicine 63.7 81.0 70.8 Teff 60.2 78.8 67.6 Wheat 76.3 88.8 81.5 Maize 86.9 82.7 85.7 Edible Oil 74.4 84.4 77.3 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 5 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Acc2. Reasons for Household Inability to Buy Certain Items, Percent Round-1 Limited/no Shops have Decrease in Local markets not transportation & run out of Increase in price regular Other operating restriction to go stocks income outside Medicines 5.3 1.9 6.8 13.9 67.6 4.5 Teff 1.5 4.3 1.3 28.5 58.8 5.6 Wheat 3.2 6.2 3.9 40.3 39.3 7.2 Maize 2.4 10.1 2.8 35.8 37.8 11.2 Oil 6.5 10.1 4.0 43.4 29.4 6.6 Note: Values are out of those households who reported that they were not able to buy certain items in the week preceding the survey Approximately 14% to 32% reported inability to buy certain items Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 6 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Acc3. Households Inability to Buy Certain Items, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Shops have run out of stock 5.9 10.9 7.1 Local markets not operating 9.1 3.5 7.8 4.8 Limited/no transportation & restriction to go outside 2.9 4.3 Increase in price 40.1 42.2 40.6 Decrease in regular income 34.2 39.0 35.3 Other 6.0 1.6 4.9 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 7 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Acc4. Reason for Household Inability to Buy Certain Items, by Bottom 40%, Percent Round-1 Bottom 40% Top 60% Shops have run out of stocks 5.8 8.6 Local markets not operating 8.8 6.6 Limited/no transportation & restriction to go outside 2.0 6.9 Increase in price 44.5 36.2 Decrease in regular income 30.2 41.0 Other 8.7 0.7 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 8 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Edu1a. Children Schooling Status Before the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Households with school aged children 81.8 64.3 76.0 Households with school attending children 92.2 89.0 91.3 Households with at least one attending girl student before the outbreak 94.2 98.1 95.5 Households with at least one attending boy student before the outbreak 96.8 98.2 97.3 Note: Attendance - out of those reported school aged children; attendance by gender is out of those households who reported at least one member attending Table Edu1b. Students Learning Activities During the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Yes 12.4 39.0 19.6 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 9 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Edu2. Educational Activities Students Engage During School Closures, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Session/meeting with lesson teacher (tutor) 5.9 15.2 10.9 Used mobile learning apps 7.6 16.6 12.4 Watched educational TV programs 8.6 34.4 22.5 Completed assignments provided by the teacher 6.7 37.6 23.3 Listened to educational programs on radio 84.4 19.1 49.3 Note: Values are for those households who reported any learning activity in Table Edu1 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 10 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Edu3a. Any Learning Activity, by Bottom 40%, Percent Round-1 Bottom 40% Top 60% Session/meeting with lesson teacher (tutor) 7.7 12.5 Used mobile learning apps 9.6 13.9 Watched educational TV programs 11.6 28.0 Completed assignments provided by the teacher 12.1 29.1 Listened to educational programs on radio 69.8 38.7 Any Learning Activity 0.1 0.3 Note: Values are for those households who reported any learning activity in Table Edu1 Table Edu3b. Any Learning Activity, by Consumption Quintile, Percent Round-1 Q1:Poorest Q2:Poorer Q3:Middle Q4:Richer Q5:Richest Rural 11.5 9.6 13.3 17.4 14.8 Urban 34.9 31.9 32.4 37.8 51.1 National 13.8 13.2 18.1 27.1 37.5 Note: Values are for those households who reported any learning activity in Table Edu1 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 11 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Health. Healthcare Services Access, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Households needing medical treatment after the outbreak 15.3 20.6 17.0 Households needing and accessing medical treatment 81.1 92.6 85.7 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 12 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Inc1. Household Income Sources, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Farming, Livestock, Fishing 83.0 23.7 63.4 Non-Farm Business 16.4 31.1 21.3 Wage-Employment 12.6 47.1 24.0 Remittances from Within Country 2.7 10.3 5.2 Remittances from Abroad 3.6 6.0 4.4 Income from Property, Investment and Savings 5.4 11.9 7.5 Pension 0.1 5.3 1.8 Government Assistance 11.9 4.0 9.3 Assistance from NGO or Charitable Organization 4.2 1.1 3.2 Other Sources 0.0 0.0 0.0 Note: Values do not sum to 100 because some households reported more than one income source. Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 13 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Inc2. Income Source, by Change Status, Percent Round 1 Stayed the Increased same Reduced Total Loss Farming, livestock, fishing 1.9 56.8 39.6 1.8 Non-farm business 1.2 13.6 57.6 27.5 Wage-Employment 0.6 65.0 22.8 11.7 Remittances from within Ethiopia 3.1 52.1 33.1 11.7 Remittances from abroad 1.0 36.5 23.8 38.7 Income from properties, investments and Savings 2.4 55.9 33.9 7.9 Pension 0.6 95.4 3.9 0.1 Government assistance 12.5 60.2 13.1 14.3 Assistance from NGO or charitable organization 15.4 42.8 20.2 21.6 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 14 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Inc3. Changes in Total Income since the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Increased 1.6 0.9 1.3 Stayed the same 46.7 38.6 44.1 Reduced 49.8 52.4 50.7 Total (100%) loss 1.8 8.1 3.9 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 15 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Inc4. Total Household Income Change since the Outbreak by Consumption Quintile, Percent Round-1 Q1:Poorest Q2:Poorer Q3:Middle Q4:Richer Q5:Richest Increased 1.2 2.0 1.6 0.7 1.1 Stayed the same 44.6 44.8 40.2 44.7 46.4 Reduced 52.8 48.2 54.8 49.8 46.9 Total (100%) loss 1.2 5.0 3.4 4.5 5.6 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 16 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Cop1. Coping Strategies, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Sale of assets (Agricultural and Non-agricultural) 5.9 0.7 4.0 Engaged in additional income generating activities 2.9 2.6 2.8 Received assistance from friends & family 0.9 7.3 3.2 Borrowed from friends & family 4.0 3.7 3.8 Reduced food consumption 11.0 16.0 12.8 Reduced nonfood consumption 9.1 11.5 10.0 Relied on savings 11.3 33.8 19.5 Did nothing 59.1 48.4 55.2 All others 5.9 2.4 4.6 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 17 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Cop2. Coping Strategies by Consumption Quintile, Percent Round-1 Bottom40% Top60% Sale of assets (Agricultural and Non-agricultural) 5.4 3.0 Engaged in additional income generating activities 3.5 2.4 Received assistance from friends & family 2.3 3.8 Borrowed from friends & family 4.0 3.7 Reduced food consumption 12.1 13.3 Reduced nonfood consumption 10.7 9.5 Relied on savings 12.0 24.7 Did nothing 60.0 52.0 All others 4.1 5.0 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 18 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table FS1. Household Food Insecurity Experience in Last 30 Days, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Household ran out of food 24.2 22.0 23.5 Adult hungry but didn't eat 21.7 20.5 21.3 Adult went without eating for whole day 14.5 12.5 13.9 Note: The food insecurity experience by any adult household member for the 30 days Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 19 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table FS2. Household Food Insecurity Experience by Consumption Quintile, Percent Round-1 Q1: Poorest Q2: Poorer Q3: Middle Q4: Richer Q5: Richest Household ran out of food 29.8 28.3 25.8 16.7 15.0 Adult hungry but didn't eat 24.3 25.2 23.7 17.3 14.8 Adult went without eating for whole day 19.6 16.5 15.3 9.1 7.4 Note: The food insecurity experience by any adult household member for the 30 days Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 20 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Aid1a. Assistance Types to Households, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Household received assistance: Any source 10.1 3.1 7.8 Table Aid1a. Assistance type- Unconditional, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Free food 4.4 2.1 3.7 Food or cash for work 1.7 0.2 1.2 Direct cash transfer 4.0 1.0 3.0 Table Aid1b. Assistance Type Conditional on Assitance Received, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Free food 44.1 67.7 47.2 Food or cash for work 16.9 7.9 15.7 Direct cash transfer 39.4 33.5 38.6 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 21 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table Aid2b. Assistance source (percent) Round-1 Rural Urban National Government 7.6 2.7 6.0 NGO 1.4 0.0 0.9 Religious Organization 0.4 0.3 0.4 Volunteer/youth 0.6 0.4 0.5 Table Aid2c. Assistance Source - Conditional on Assistance Received, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Government 76.0 82.6 76.9 NGO 13.6 0.2 11.8 Religious Organization 4.2 4.1 4.2 Volunteer/Youth Organization 6.1 12.4 7.0 Table Aid2c. Average Assistance Amount in Birr per Recipient Household, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Assistance Amount 725.5 777.7 734.1 Note: Values are conditional on assistance received Table xx: Assistance source (conditional on assistance received) (percent) Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 22 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E1a. Current Employment Status Round-1 Rural Urban National Currently Working 62.9 64.5 63.4 Currently Not Working 37.1 35.5 36.6 Table E1b. Pre-COVID Employment Status for Currently Not Working, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Previously Working 18.6 42.3 26.0 Previously Not Working 81.4 57.7 74.0 Table E1c. Reasons for Stopping Work, Percent Round -1 Rural Urban National Lost job due to COVID 61.2 64.3 62.8 Seasonal/casual work 27.4 11.2 19.2 Temporarily absent 9.0 13.7 11.4 Other reasons 2.4 10.7 6.6 Table E1d. Reasons for Stopping Work if Previously Working by Consumption Quintile, Percent Round 1 Bottom40% Top60% All Lost job due to COVID 62.3 63.0 62.8 Seasonal/casual work 28.0 15.3 19.2 Temporarily absent 5.8 13.9 11.4 Other reasons 3.9 7.9 6.6 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 23 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E2a. Sector in Current work, Percent Round-1 Restaura Public Wholesal Transport nts, administr Personal Industry/ e and services: hotels, ation services: Educatio manufact retail taxi, bus, bars, (governm beauty or Construct n and Agricultureuring trade bajaj cafes ent) salons ion Health Other Rural 84.0 0.7 2.9 2.2 0.6 4.5 3.3 1.0 0.2 0.6 Urban 21.1 9.4 16.1 4.7 4.9 21.6 8.5 9.1 3.0 1.5 National 62.5 3.7 7.4 3.0 2.1 10.4 5.1 3.8 1.1 0.9 Table E2b. Sector in Previous Work, Percent, Percent Round -1 Restaura Public Personal Wholesal Transport nts, administr services: Industry/ e and services: hotels, ation beauty or Educatio manufact retail taxi, bus, bars, (governm hair Construct n and Agricultureuring trade bajaj cafes ent) salons ion Health Other Rural 39.1 5.0 14.9 3.0 5.9 4.5 11.4 11.7 2.0 2.4 Urban 8.6 8.6 27.4 7.5 11.7 1.0 13.8 14.4 4.2 2.7 National 23.9 6.8 21.2 5.3 8.8 2.8 12.6 13.0 3.1 2.5 Table E2c. Sector in Previous Work for COVID-related Job Loss, Percent Round-1 Restaura Public Personal Wholesal Transport nts, administr services: Industry/ e and services: hotels, ation beauty or Educatio manufact retail taxi, bus, bars, (governm hair Construct n and Agricultureuring trade bajaj cafes ent) salons ion Health Other Rural 44.8 0.0 21.6 0.3 10.8 1.5 7.8 9.6 3.6 0.0 Urban 1.8 9.8 29.2 8.4 14.1 17.5 13.9 2.9 2.3 2.1 National 22.8 5.1 25.7 4.5 12.6 12.9 11.9 3.3 1.2 1.1 0.45497 0.21879 0.00346 0.10916 0.07945 0.09756 0.0366 0.03606 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 24 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group 0.0 0.0 0.0 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 25 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group 0.0 0.0 0.0 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 26 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E3a. Employment Status in Current Work, Percent Round-1 Self-employed, Government Private Sector Casual, Family Employee Employee Worker Others Rural 4.8 4.3 90.2 0.7 Urban 24.9 16.0 57.0 2.1 National 11.6 8.2 79.0 1.2 Table E3b. Employment Status in Previous Work, Percent Round -1 Self-employed, Government Private Sector Casual, Family Employee Employee Worker Others Rural 8.6 12.5 76.2 2.7 Urban 3.2 19.5 74.2 3.2 National 5.9 16.0 75.2 2.9 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 27 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E4a. Work Status Before and After the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Same - No change 98.6 97.8 98.3 Different 1.4 2.2 1.7 Table E4b. Reasons for Change, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National COVID 49.4 59.6 54.1 Non-COVID 50.6 40.4 45.9 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 28 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E5a. Work Continuity After the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Work continued normally 73.8 79.0 77.3 Work didn't continue normally 26.2 21.0 22.7 Table E5b. Payment Status After the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Work not normal but paid 37.3 74.4 60.7 Note: Values are out of those who said work didn't continue normally Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 29 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E6. Household Businesses Before the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Household owned businesses before the outbreak 18.1 30.1 22.1 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 30 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E7. Sector of Non-Farm Household Business Before the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Public Transport administrati Personal Wholesale services: Restaurant on services: Industry/ma and retail taxi, bus, s, hotels, (governmen beauty or Constructio Education Agriculture nufacturing trade bajaj bars, cafes t) hair salons n and Health Other Rural 34.0 6.6 34.0 3.4 5.8 6.8 8.4 1.0 0.1 0.9 Urban 8.6 8.4 46.8 7.2 11.2 11.8 4.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 National 22.6 7.4 39.8 5.1 8.2 9.0 6.7 0.3 0.9 0.8 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 31 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E8. Changes in Household Business After the Outbreak, Percent Round-1 Higher than The same as Less than No income usual usual usual Rural 2.5 28.8 42.5 26.2 Urban 0.7 13.4 67.4 18.5 National 1.7 21.9 53.7 22.8 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 32 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E9. Reasons for Lower Business Income since COVID-19 Onset, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Usual place of business closed because of coronavirus 45.8 43.8 44.7 Usual place of business closed for reason other than coronavirus 14.2 7.0 10.1 Seasonal closure 9.1 11.1 10.2 No customers 31.2 54.5 44.4 Unable to acquire or transport inputs 12.8 11.2 11.9 Unable to sell or transport outputs 31.0 23.9 27.0 Note: The values are out of those 76.5% of businesses (in Table E8) who reported Less than Usual or No Income . Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 33 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E10. Household Member Worked on Family Farm, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Household member worked on family farm 86.2 26.2 66.4 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 34 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E11. Pre-COVID Wage Employment Status for Non-respondent Household Member, Percent Round-1 Rural Urban National Other family member employed before the outbreak 6.8 25.5 12.7 Out of those who were employed, Lost job after the outbreak- all reasons 30.1 21.1 24.4 Out of those who lost their job, Lost job for COVID-related reasons 73.7 89.7 82.4 Note: Other family member is a household member other than the member who responded to the interview Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 35 of 36 Monitoring COVID-19 Impact on Households World Bank Group Back to Table of Contents Table E12a. Respondent Job Loss since COVID by Consumption Quintile, Percent Round-1 Q1:Poorest Q2:Poorer Q3:Middle Q4:Richer Q5:Richest Rural 4.7 13.7 13.0 7.3 10.4 Urban 14.4 13.8 21.3 17.5 19.5 National 6.0 13.8 15.4 12.3 16.6 Authors: Christina Wieser, Alemayehu A. Ambel, Tom Bundervoet, Asmelash Haile 36 of 36