74633 China Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Project Environmental Impact Assessment Executive Summary November, 2012 ABBREVIATIONS CAAC: Civic Aviation Administration of China CO: Carbon Monoxide EA: Environmental Assessment EHS: Environmental, Health, and Safety EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EMF: Environmental Management Framework RAP: Resettlement Action Plan RAF: Resettlement Action Framework EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment NMHC: Non-methane Hydrocarbon MEP: Ministry of Environmental Protection PDO: Project Development Objective PMO: Project Management Office PRC: People’s Republic of China RAP: Resettlement Management Plan RMF: Resettlement Management Framework LWEPCN: Weighted Equivalent Continuous Perceived Noise Level LAEQ: Equivalent Continuous Sound Level SMG: Shangrao Municipal Government SO2: Sulfur Dioxide SSAC: Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Corporation 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………..1 II. ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK……………………………………2 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT………………………………………………..4 IV. ENVIRONMETNAL BASELINE…………………………………………………..5 V. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES……………..8 VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES…………………………………………………17 VII. RESETTLEMENT PLAN…………………………………………………………..18 VIII. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTLAN…………………………………….20 IX. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE…………..24 3 SHANGRAO SANQINGSHAN AIRPORT PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. INTRODUCTION 1. According to both Chinese Environmental Assessment laws and regulations and the World Bank’s Operational Policy 4.01 Environmental Assessment, the proposed project is Category A for environmental assessment purposes. Therefore, a full environmental assessment report was required. This Executive Summary summarizes the environment impact assessment of the Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Project in China, highlighting the main issues and conclusions of the environment impact assessment and environment management plan of the project. 2. The Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Development PMO retained Beijing Guohuantiandi Environmental Technology Development Co. Ltd. for the EA preparation. Guohuantiandi holds Class A environmental impact assessment accreditation from the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP). The report was prepared following relevant provisions specified in Chinese EA laws/regulations and technical guidelines, as well as World Bank safeguard policies. An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) in English was prepared to synthesize recommendations of the EIA report. Given that the details for the airport access road and supporting utility infrastructure (see Table 8-1) cannot be determined at current stage, an Environmental Management Framework and Resettlement Action Framework are prepared to guide the preparation of specific EMP and RAP for these activities. This Executive Summary is based on these reports for the project. 3. The EA safeguards documents were submitted to the World Bank for review and they conform to Bank policy guidelines regarding environmental and social issues. All above reports have been made available in China and in the InfoShop of the World Bank. The Chinese EA report for the airport has been approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) of PRC. 4. In summary, the project will (i) incorporate environmental aspects into project design and engineering measures to enhance project benefits and mitigate adverse impacts; (ii) will not adversely affect natural habitats or forest areas; (ii)will not adversely affect high value physical cultural resources; (iii) will not negatively affect ethnic minorities and communities; and (iv) will minimize the need for resettlement and will provide adequate compensation and income restoration for affected peoples. II. ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK 5. A full Environmental Assessment (EA) was carried out following terms of reference agreed with the World Bank. The project triggered the following World Bank policies: Environmental Assessment; Involuntary Resettlement; and Physical Cultural Resources. Compliance with these policies, and the World Bank’s disclosure of information policy, is summarized in Table 2-1. Table 2-1 Compliance World Bank Safeguards Policies Safeguard Policies Actions Environmental Assessment - Category A project. Full EIA, EMP, and EMF have been prepared. (OP/BP 4.01) Physical Cultural Resources - Field survey has been conducted in the project influence area. (OP/BP 4.11) - Chance finds procedures has been developed in EMP. Involuntary Resettlement - RAP and RAF have been prepared (OP/BP 4.12) Consultation - A combination of opinion surveys and public meetings were held in the government, village committee and affected villagers’ homes during preparation of the safeguards documents. 6. The basis of the EIA Reports includes national and local environmental laws, regulations, policies, the World Bank’s environmental and social safeguard policies and IFC’s EHS Guidelines. The main applicable laws and regulations include: - Environmental Protection law of the People’s Republic of China, 1989 - The Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, 2000 - The Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, 2008 - The Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Pollution From Environmental Noise, 1996 - The Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Impact Assessment, 2003 - Technical Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment; and various applicable standards for air, water, and noise. World Bank Safeguard Policies and EHS Guidelines - OP 4.01 Environment Assessment; - OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement; - OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources; - EHS: General EHS Guidelines; - EHS: Airport; - EHS: Noise; - EHS: Wastewater and Ambient Water Quality; - EHS: Electric Power Transmission and Distribution; and - EHS: Waste Management. 7. The most important assessment criteria and environmental quality standards are the 2 Acoustic Environmental Standard for Areas near Airports (GB9660-88) used in assessment of noise impact in the operation phase. This standard classifies the acoustic environment quality into two classes for areas zoned for different functions, as follows: Table 2-1 Acoustic Environmental Standard for Areas near Airports (GB9660-88) Unit: dB (A) Applicable Area Noise Level (LWEPCN) Class I: ≤ 70 applicable to education facilities, hospitals, or residential areas requiring special protection; Class II: ≤ 75 applicable to residential areas not covered by Class I. 8. In addition, the EHS provides another noise standard that has been applied in the assessment of the noise impact in operation phase of the project, as given in Table 2-2 below. Table 2-2 Noise Level in EHS Receptors One Hour LAeq (dBA) Day time 7:00-22:00 Night time 22:00-7:00 Residential; institutional; 55 45 educational Industrial; commercial 70 70 9. Other applicable standards are included in Table 2-3. Table 2-3 Applicable Standards Category Ref. Name of standard Environment quality 1 Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T14848-93) standard 2 Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) 3 Surface Water Quality Standard (GB3838-2002) 4 Acoustic Environment Quality Standard (GB3096-2008) 5 Electric-magnetic Radiation Protection Standard(GB8702-88) Pollutant discharge 6 Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater Quality Standard (GB/T18920-2002) standard 7 Boiler Flue Gas Emission Standard (GB13271-2001) 8 Radio Interference Limits for High Voltage AC Elevated Lines (GB15707-1995) 9 Integrated Standard for Air Pollutants Emission (GB16297�1996) 10 Electric-magnetic Radiation EA Technical Specifications for 500 kV Transmission Engineering 11 Noise Limits on Boundaries of Construction Sites (GB12523-90) 12 Noise Standard on Boundaries of Enterprises (GB12348-2008) 3 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 10. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve airline connectivity in Northeastern Jiangxi Province and demonstrate the environment sustainability of the development and operation of the Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport. The proposed Project will have two components: (i) Airport Infrastructure Development, and (ii) Institutional Development and Capacity Building. 11. Component 1a: The Airport Infrastructure Development component will finance the construction and installation of the following activities: (a) Airfield – construction of runway, taxiway, etc.; (b) Terminal building; (c) Air traffic control; (d) Freight Facility; (e) Supporting Infrastructure Facility (fuel storage farm, water supply, power supply, fire stations, heating, storm/water management, parking, fence, etc); (f) Environmental Management Plan -- Implementation of the EIA/EMP recommendations for inside and outside of the airport, including those related to access roads and re-routing of rural connectivity; (g) Land Acquisition and Resettlement and Rehabilitation of Project Affected Families for inside and outside of the airport, including those related to access roads and re-routing of rural connectivity; (h) Auxiliary Facility (office building, staff quarters, etc); and (i) Service vehicles. 12. Component 1b: Storm water reuse system and ground aircraft auxiliary power unit. During the course of project preparation, the PMO identified additional measures to enhance the green airport design, which were not included in the original FSR. Specifically, the PMO proposed the inclusion of a storm water reuse system and a ground aircraft auxiliary power unit to further enhance the environment sustainability. After a review by the Bank, it was decided that these activities would be included as it would enhance the project “green airport� objectives. 13. In addition, the Shangrao Municipal Government (SMG) will be constructing an access road (4.65 km) to link the proposed airport with the nearest main road, as well as other utility infrastructure. The access road will be fully financed by SMG outside of the proposed project description. Nonetheless, the safeguard policies agreed for the proposed project will apply for the access road, as well as the other civil works associated with the airport. 14. Component 2: The Institutional Development and Capacity Building Component will finance the following consultant services, studies and training: (a) Project Management Consultant to provide advisory services to support the PMO and SSAC with project coordination and monitoring; 4 (b) Management Consultant to Develop Airport Operation Model and support SSAC to prepare and implement Human Resource Development plan, Operational and financial manual (in accordance China’s company’s law), Compliance with CAAC regulations and international practices, and Develop marketing plan to attract airlines and assist in service agreement negotiations with airlines; (c) Technical assistance to support the PMO to (i) document the lessons learned in developing Green Airport concept, (ii) to share their experience widely with other potential cities considering building green airport in China though wider dissemination and holding workshops and road shows in selected cities; and (iii) other civil aviation related studies; (d) Training and study tours covering several aspects of airport construction and operations. 15. The air transport demand for the Project has been made for the medium term(2020) and shown in Table 2-4 below. Table 2-4 Projection of Air Transport Demand for Year 2020 Item Output Annual passengers throughput 0.5 million Annual cargo tonnage 3,000 tons Annual number of aircraft landing and taking off 4,800 Number of aircraft landing or taking off in rush 4 hour Passenger throughput in rush hour 374 IV. ENVIRONMENT BASELINE A. General Setting 16. Shangrao City is located in the northeast of Jiangxi Province within a range of N 28°23′00″~28°39′00″ and E 117°55′00″~118°00′00″, covering an area of 308.97 km2. The city of Shangrao has 10 counties and 4 districts with a total population of 6.69 million. Terrain of the city is dominated by small hills and valley plains. 17. The proposed site for the airport, 8 km from the city center, is situated on a low land which is moderately flat with the maximum elevation being 114.609 m and minimum elevation 85.134 m. Due to intensive human activities, the native vegetation in the airport site has been destroyed and replaced by wood land and paddy field, which accounts for 70.41% and 16.08% of the total area respectively. There are no ecological sensitive areas, such as nature reserve, national forest parks, or natural habitats protected at national or provincial level, or physical cultural sites protected at national, provincial or municipal level. In addition, there are no rare wild animals or scenic spots. The intensity of water and soil erosion is weak. 18. In the survey for the airport site, it is observed that there are 3,722 camphor trees which fall into the category II of national protection level. According to the Technical 5 Standard for Ancient and Famous Trees Survey issued by the Ministry of Forestry, it is confirmed that there is no other ancient or famous/rare trees within the site of the airport and the corridor of the access road alignment. B. Climate and Ambient Air 19. Shangrao City is located in the subtropical zone where the wet monsoon climate dominates. The climate is characterized with distinct seasons. The annual temperature averages the range 16.7OC and 18.3OC. The annual rainfall is 1,901 mm and the range of annual sunny period is 1,781 hours to 2,098 hours, and the range of annual non-frost period is 251 days to 274 days. The prevailing wind direction throughout a year is NE and NNE, with the wind speed averaging 1.4 m/s. 20. Three ambient air quality monitoring points were established for the airport and four points for the airport access road. During August and September 2011, the ambient air quality monitoring plan was conducted and the results indicate that the ambient air quality within the assessment area is fairly good and meet the relevant standard. C. Geology 21. The proposed airport site has a complex geology, belonging to the Quaternary and the Cretaceous system. The underlying materials include cultivated soil, silt, silty clay and eroded sandstone. The result of the preliminary drilling exercise and the survey indicates that there is no large fault under the site. D. Surface Water 22. Generally Shangrao is located within the Poyang Lake system of Yangtze River Basin. There are 6 rivers flowing through the city of Shangrao with an annual flow rate being 356.5 million m3. The east side of the proposed airport site is 4 km from the Fengxi River, and the north side is 5 km from the Fengxi River, and the west side is 7 km from the Xinjiang River. Within the site there are only 36 small ponds mainly used for agricultural irrigation to villages. 23. The surface water quality monitoring exercise was conducted for the airport component and the access road component in December 2011 and August 2011 respectively. The monitoring results show that the surface water quality in the assessment area is fairly good and meet the applicable standard. E. Groundwater 24. The groundwater layers are distributed along the rivers of Xinjiang, Yushanshui, Fengxi and Raobei with the depth ranging between 0.5 m and 5.0 m. The groundwater aquifers are mainly recharged by precipitation and surface streams. The ground water within the airport site exists in the silty clay layers and the eroded bedrock where the water yield and permeability is weak. The drilling exercise result indicates that the groundwater only exists in the lower parts of the site. 6 25. There groundwater monitoring points were drilled and the groundwater quality monitoring plan was conducted during December 2012. The results indicate that the groundwater quality in two points is good and meet the standard, but one point fails to meet the standard because it is adjacent to the farmland and village which may discharge wastewater to the groundwater. F. Acoustic Environment 26. The noise monitoring plan was conducted during 6-7 December 2011 for the airport site and during August 2011 for the airport access road. The results show that the acoustic environment quality in the assessment area is very good and meet the Class I of Acoustic Environment Quality Standard (GB3096-2008). G. Electromagnetic Environment 27. In order to understand the current situation of electric field intensity, magnetic induction intensity and radio interference level in the assessment area, an electromagnetic environment quality monitoring was undertaken during 6-7 August 2012, and the results show that the electromagnetic environment quality in the assessment area is good and meet the relevant standard. H. Scio-Economic Status 28. Shangrao City has a relatively complete and developed ground and waterway transport system. The total length of road is 15,877.3 km, including two national roads with a combined length of 314.2 km, 17 provincial roads with a total length of 982.9 km, 177 county roads with a total length of 3,247.3 km, 392 town roads with a total length of 3,407.9 km, 14,245 village roads with a total length of 7,898.9 km, and 6 exclusive roads with a total length of 26km. Three main railways are crossing through the city of Shangrao, and four high speed railways are under construction that will cross the city. 29. There are 9 ports within the city with the total annual cargo tonnage being 3.5 million tons and annual passenger throughput being 0.8 million. Within the 3-hour drive distance from the city, there are 5 airports. 30. The city of Shangrao is seeing a fast growing economy, which is centered on the ferric metal, new energy, new construction material and electrical and optical industries. In 2009, the total GDP of the city is RMB 72.8 billion, 13.6% more than the previous year. The disposable income of the urban residents per capita is RMB 13,989, 10.4% more than the previous year; the net income of the rural residents per capita is RMB 4,701, 8% more than the previous year. 31. Shangrao City has brilliant resource for tourist attraction. Currently, there are 11 tourism sites or scenic spots at National A level, among them Sanqingshan Mountain is the scenic spot at National 5A level and 7 scenic spots at National 4A level including Wuyuan which is well recognized as the most beautiful village in China. 7 Shangrao City is also rich in mineral resource. It is recognized as the key mineral resource area in Jiangxi Province as there are over 70 kinds of minerals than can be explored. The city has Dexing Copper Mine which is the largest copper mine in Asia in terms of reserve. V. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES A. Project Assessment Scope 32. The scope of environmental assessment is shown in Table 5-1. Table 5-1 Assessment Scope No. Environmental Assessment Scope Factor 1. Noise - Areas within 6 km from the two ends of the runway; - Areas within 1 km from the two sides of the runway; - Areas within 200 m from the central line of the access road; - Areas within 200 m from the boundary of the construction sites 2 Ambient air - A square area with a center in the boiler house and each side length being 5 km; - Areas within 200 m from the central line of the access road for vehicular emission assessment. 2 Surface water - For the airport: the area from the section of Fengxi River to the east of the airport to the section of Xinjiang River to the west of the airport; - For the drainage works of the airport: 1) Tashuixi, from the outfall for storm water discharge to Xinjiang River, total length of 9,600 m; 2) Zunqiaoshui, from the outfall for storm water discharge to Xinjiang River, total length of 12,200 m, and 3) Xingfushui, from the outfall for storm water discharge to Fengxi River, total length of 13,200 m. - For the access road: river section downstream of the outfall of the Xinjiang WWTP. 3 Groundwater - Areas bordered by the Xinjiang River to the east and west, and by the ground watershed to the south and east. 4 Ecology - Areas to be acquired by the airport and the area within 5 km from the airport boundary; - Areas within 300 m from the central line of the access road. 5 Risk evaluation - Area within 3 km from the fuel storage of the airport. 33. Adverse impacts due to the proposed project have been identified and discussed in the EA, and mitigation measures proposed to avoid, mitigate and compensate the adverse impacts. B. Major Environmental Impacts due to Construction and Mitigation Measures 34. Construction will cause temporary impacts to the surrounding environment, including vegetation loss, noise of machinery and trucks, vibration, dust, wastewater, and land acquisition and resettlement issues. The impacts are summarized in Table 8 5-2. If properly planned, construction impacts to neighborhoods, and the natural environment can be avoided or minimized. Environmental specifications have been prepared, which will be incorporated into bidding documents and civil work contracts, and will be enforced by construction supervision. Environmental specifications for civil work contractors are shown in Annex I of the EMP. Table 5-2 Impacts during Construction Phase No. Issues Negative Impacts 1 Air-borne dust - It will be generated from excavation, site leveling, in the process of material transportation and preparation. This will affect the area within 150 m from the construction sites and the impact is temporary. 2 Wastewater - It will be generated from the site cleaning, concrete mixing, installation works and workers’ camps. Suspended solids in wastewater would cause impact on the environment. 3 Groundwater - Excavation works may alter the structure of shallow aquifer. But the fissured bedrock aquifer which is the most important groundwater resource under the site will not be affected. After construction is completed, new shallow aquifers will be formed naturally. 4 Noise - Construction would have potential impacts on sensitive points, especially residential communities. The piling work will have the most serious noise impact and will affect area within 100 m from the construction sites in nighttime and 79 m in daytime. 5 Solid wastes - Excavation, road construction and backfill would generate spoil and the workers’ camp would generate domestic solid wastes etc.. If not properly disposed of, the solid waste would cause visual impact and air-borne dust, as well as breeding of flies. 6 Damages to - Vegetation would be damaged due to site leveling, however the loss of vegetation biomass due to the project will only account for 1.48% of the total biomass in the assessment area. 7 Animals - The project is located in an area that has been developed for paddy field and wood land. Field survey has been conducted confirming that there is no endemic or unique, nor any endangered animal species. Only small rodents, frogs, snakes, lizards and birds, which are not endemic or unique, may be affected by construction. The impact on animals is minor. 8 Soil erosion - Construction works will involve clearing of vegetation in areas that are needed for site works. Assessment of soil erosion caused by the project has been conducted. After balancing cut and fill, the project will generate 80,000m3 spoil from airport construction. To minimize soil erosion, spoil will all be used to backfill low lying areas of the airport. As such, the project will not need any burrowing pits or extra disposal sites. Potential soil erosion during construction will be mitigated by the implementation of a water and soil conservation plan which specifies erosion and sedimentation mitigation measures such as (i) good site drainage system will be installed; (ii) open cut areas will be promptly seeded or landscaped; (iii) cut slope will be stabilized or protected; and (iv) spoil materials will be timely placed. Monitoring on soil erosion will be conducted during and after construction. 9 Land occupation - The airport component will permanently occupy 148 ha.. However, this only accounts for 0.98% of the total area of the assessment. The impact on local agricultural production will be limited. - The airport access road component will permanently occupy 27.8 ha., 9 which is a very small percentage of the total area of assessment. Thus the impact on agricultural production is minor provided that the RAP is implemented. 10 Resettlement - The airport component will affect 16 households with 76 affected people. All the demolished structures belong to 16 HHs, 14 of them impacted by residential house demolition, and 2 of them by non-residential purpose. - A RAP has been developed for the people to be relocated. The compensation measures for the affected people have been carefully developed to ensure the livelihood and living quality of the affected people will be at least the same with that before the project. - One resettlement sites has been selected for the affected households. The resettlement site will be provided with adequate infrastructure (e.g. roads, water, electricity, and drainage facilities) which will be designed and implemented during the resettlement process. 11 Workers’ camps - In rush hour about 1,000 workers will live in the construction camps, which would pose domestic solid waste and wastewater, health, and behavior impact on the surrounding environment. Impacts on Surface Water 35. The construction of the airport will occupy 1.6km2 land and create an impervious surface (~0.28km2) in an area that is now covered mainly by grassland, some brush, woodlands and water ponds. Rapid runoff from this impervious area could have some impact on natural hydrology in the vicinity of the airport. But this impact would be very limited because the airport is located at the top of hills where the watersheds originate, and the area of land taken by the airport construction is relatively very limited comparing with the areas of watersheds involved. Care will be taken during design not to disturb the hydrology of the area. Fox example, a small existing gully crosses the site and will be cut off by the construction of the runway embankment. The disruption will be avoided by placing a culvert underneath the runway embankment to carry the natural flow of water of gully to the downstream area along the line of its natural location. The drainage design will include eight stormwater discharge outlets and distribute the runoff to three watersheds based on the detailed storm-runoff routing. Impacts on Natural Habitats and Forestry 36. The project will not have the potential to cause any significant conversions or degradation of natural forest or natural habitats. The project is not located within protected areas. The project area has been deeply influenced by human activities, which consists mainly of brush, grassland, clumps of second-growth trees, villages, farmland, and water ponds, and unused land. Field survey has been conducted confirming that there is no endemic or unique vegetation, nor any endangered animal species. Some of the areas are habitats for rodents, and birds which are not endemic or unique. The project will occupy 104ha of second-growth trees where common species such as camphor, pines, and firs can be found in the sub-tropical humid monsoon climate zone. Compensation cost for re-vegetation is included in the project. 37. The survey has identified that 3,722 small camphor trees and cultivated saplings 10 need to be transplanted in accordance with national regulations. Based on the local experience, the transplantation is technically feasible. Project sponsor will engaged experienced institutions to transplant the trees to a selected nursery base, under guidance of local forestry technical intuitions and local forestry bureau. The measures have been prepared specifying the requirements for transplantation time, techniques, budget and monitoring for the transplantation. Impacts on Physical Cultural Resources 38. A cultural resources survey was conducted for all project sites, lead by local cultural resources bureau and EA consultant. The field survey found that 137 household graves are within the airport site. As such these graves need to be relocated in consultation with the affected families. Compensation for the relocation of household graves is included in the RAP. Chance finds procedures are included in the EMP. Impact on Irrigation System 39. Within or in the vicinity of the airport site, there are 36 small water ponds which mainly provide the local farmers with minor irrigation water for their paddy fields. The airport construction will reduce the irrigation water quantity by occupying water ponds or their catchment areas. Assessment from Shangrao Water Resources Institute shows that approximately 20ha(300mu) paddy farms will be affected by the project. Restoration measures for the affected irrigation system have been proposed, including: (i) land compensation (see RAP), (ii) ) renovation of existing irrigation ditches (e.g. lining and dredging for approximately 9 km irrigation ditches); (iii) adding more storm water discharge outlets at the airport, and (iv) change of crop patterns etc.. Impact on Rural Roads Connectivity 40. The airport will interrupt two local rural roads in the vicinity of the airport. One rural road will be cut off by the airport, and the other will be slightly affected. The two rural roads are county-level roads designed to meet the small demand for travel of local rural residents and movement of agricultural equipment/vehicles, which connect a few villages with the urban area of Shangrao City. The project will construct two new rural roads before cutting off the two existing rural roads. The new rural roads will not cause any impacts on natural habitat or forestry, but generate some general construction related impacts such as dust and noise. Mitigation measures have been developed in the EMP. Relocation of Power Electric Lines 41. The airport project will need to relocate two electric power lines across the airport site. The anticipated impacts are considered to be insignificant on the environment. Mitigation measures have been included in the EMP. Local Grid Company will undertake the relocation/construction of the power electric lines following the EMP to mitigate these impacts. 11 Airport Connecting Road and Associated Utility Pipelines 42. A 4.65km urban expressway will be built to connect the airport with Shangrao downtown. The associated utilities pipelines consist of (i)7.6 km water supply pipeline connecting with the trunk pipeline in Shangrao city to the Airport; (ii) 5km natural gas pipeline to be laid along the connecting road;(iii) 10km sewer to be laid along the connecting road; (iv) construction of a ~8km 10kV power distribution line from Zaotou Subtation to the Airport; and a ~7.5km 10kv power line from Maojialing Substation to the airport, and (v) Temporary access roads, burrow pits, and disposal sites which may be required for these activities to be determined at a later stage. Environmental screening has been conducted showing that the construction of the connecting road and associated utility infrastructure will not affect any critical habitat or forestry area. The anticipated impacts are considered to be insignificant on the environment. General mitigation measures have been included in the EMF, based on which specific EMPs will be prepared after the precise sitting alignments for these facilities are determined. C. Major Environmental Impacts due to Operation and Mitigation Measures Noise and Vibration Impacts 43. The most significant sources of noise and vibrations from airport operations are aircraft during the landing and takeoff cycles. Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport is a small feeder airport. Projected flights in the year of 2020 is 13.2 sorties/day, of which 73% takeoff is during daytime(7:00-19:00), 15% in the evening (19:00-22:00) and 12% at night(22:00-7:00); while 73% landing is during daytime(7:00-19:00), 27% in the evening (19:00-22:00), and none at night(22:00-7:00). 44. Noise assessment considered both Chinese national standards and the World Bank Safeguards policies including the IFC’s EHS Guidelines. The noise impact in operation phase has been assessed separately based on national standard and the EHS noise guidelines. When national regulations differ from the levels presented in the EHS guidelines, the project will achieve whichever is more stringent one. To measure noise exposure in the airport vicinity, EA used two noise indexes: LWEPCN, a noise index based on the Perceived Noise Level which is presented in Chinese Standards; and LAeq, a noise index based on the equivalent continuous sound level which is presented in the EHS guidelines. 1) Assessment based on national standard (LWEPCN) 45. The procedure and model recommended in the EA Technical Guideline for Airport Works has been adopted for predicting the noise impact in operation phase of the Project. The modeling results indicate that in 2015 the area with noise level remaining 70-75 dB(A) is 0.504 km2 while remaining 75-80 dB(A) is 0.160 km2; in 2020 the area with noise level remaining 70-75 dB(A) is 0.897 km2 while that remaining 75-80 dB(A) is 0.32 km2. It is clear that with the growing air traffic flow, the area of noise impact will expand. However, as the increase of air traffic flow is 12 moderate, the noise impact area will not increase significantly. 46. It is predicted that in 2020, there will be no residential settlements within the area where the noise level exceed 75dB(A); during the period from 2015 to 2020, there will be no schools or hospitals within the area where the noise level exceed 70 dB(A). Thus based on the assessment according to the LWEPCN, the noise impact on receptors is acceptable without breaching the national standard. 2)Assessment based on EHS Guidelines (LAeq) 47. A model based on the EHS standard has been established to obtain the noise contour map for the project area. The modeling results show that, in 2020, the noise level at one primary school will not meet the standard in nighttime. However, as the school neither conduct teaching activity in nighttime nor has dormitory building, the noise will not have any severe impact on the operation of the primary school. It is estimated that for the year of 2020, 20 households at two villages (i.e. Xiawutang, Tashuixujia) will expose noise levels (LAeq) ranging from 56.3 to 56.7 dB(A) exceeding 55 dB(A) for daytime. 210 households at five villages (Xiawutang, Shangwutang, Beilong, Cangding, and Tashuixujia) will expose 46.3-46.6 dB(A) noise levels exceeding 45 dB(A) for nighttime. 7 households at Tashuixujia will expose maximum noise level 49.7 dB(A). As such, noise level will have slight impacts on 210 households and some moderate impacts on seven households. Noise Contour mapping are included in the EIA. 48. The EA have proposed measures for the prevention, minimization, or control of noise and vibration impacts. Adequate measures for noise management which have been taken and will be taken include: - Alternative analysis for airport sites has been conducted, and the flight path of aircraft will not be over densely populated city areas. - The types of flight equipment used by the airlines has been carefully selected which are in compliance with international standards. - The EA has identified potentially affected receptors. The EMP proposes sound insulation of buildings that are exposed to aircraft noise above noise limits based on further monitoring. For social impacts consideration, sound insulation measures may also be needed for all 563 households at five villages in the vicinity of the airport. RMB 19.95 million (equivalent to USD3.16million) has been reserved for the sound insulation. - EMP also proposes to restrict development of noise-sensitive buildings in the vicinity of the airport. 3) Traffic noise for rural roads reconstruction works 49. The monitoring results for the rural areas connected by the rural roads to be cut off by the airport indicate that the current acoustic environment is fairly good and meet the standard. The re-routing is designed to restore the rural connectivity and the rural roads will meet the low demand for travel of rural residents and agricultural equipment/vehicles, the traffic flow will not increase after the rural roads are 13 reconstructed. Thus the traffic noise in operation phase will not be an issue. Air Emission 50. Assessment was conducted on the air emission from airport related activities including combustion exhaust from aircraft during landing and takeoff and ground operation, from ground service vehicles, vapors from fuel storage and handling, and emissions from local ground vehicles servicing passenger and the airport. Other sources of emissions include combustion emissions from two on-site boilers. Aircraft represent the largest source of emissions of SO2, CO, NMHC(CmHn), and NO2 at the airport. It is estimated that in the year of 2020, the aircrafts will discharge 1.02 tons of SO2, 19.83 tons of CO, 5.47 tons of NMHC, and 12.04 tons of NO2. The ground vehicles will discharge 7.07 tons of CO, 0.3 ton of NO2, and 0.7 ton of NMHC. Fugitive mission of NMHC from fuel storage area is estimated to be 1.38 tons/a. As previously noted, Shangrao airport is a small feeder airport, and its air emission has insignificant impacts on the ambient air quality. Measures to prevent, minimize, and control air emissions include (i) minimizing fugitive air emissions from by close monitoring and timely maintenance of equipment; and (ii) selecting cleaner fuel, i.e. natural gas for heat generation system. Furthermore, the ground traffic flow in 2020 in small, thus the impact on the ambient air quality is minor. Storm water 51. Stormwater runoff may include pollutants associated with leaks and spills of oil and fuels during airport operation, and fuel storage and handling activities. Shangrao falls within the sub-tropical humid monsoon climate zone where aircraft de-icing /anti-icing fluids will not be used. The airport design will divert and pre-treat stormwater drainage from areas of potentially leaks and spills of fuels through use of oil /water separator, and contaminated water will be discharged to the wastewater treatment facility in the airport. Therefore, the storm water discharge through the stormwater drainage network is not expected to have negative impact on aquatic environments. Wastewater 52. Separate sewer system will be installed in the airport. The wastewater from the terminal building, office building and air traffic control building, etc. is expected to be 57.96m3/d. The Project will construct a wastewater treatment station at the capacity of 10 m3/d to treat the wastewater. Part of the treated effluent will be used for vehicle washing or toilet flushing, and the rest effluent discharged into the municipal sewer. Solid Waste 53. The information of solid waste to be generated during the operation of the airport is summarized in Table 5-3 below. 14 Table 5-3 Summary of Solid Waste Generation in the Airport Type of solid waste Nature Quantity (t/a) Disposal place Air garbage Municipal solid waste 240 Shangrao Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Facility Domestic garbage Municipal solid waste 28 Shangrao Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Facility Waste grease Hazardous waste 0.5 Longteng Carbon Fuel Technology Company Sludge Municipal solid waste 20 Shangrao Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Facility Groundwater 54. The potential primary source for groundwater pollution in the airport is the leakage from the fuel storage, gas filling station or the conditioning tank of the wastewater treatment station. It is estimated that in case of leakage, the pollutants will take 105 days to penetrate through the unsaturated zone and reach the shallow aquifer. Thus such long period allows for adequate time for taking mitigation measure against the groundwater pollution. 55. A due diligence review for the Shangrao Municipal Sanitary Landfill, Longteng Carbon Fuel Technology Company, and Shangrao Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant has been carried out and found that the environmental performance of these facilities is in compliance with the relevant domestic requirements. Electromagnetic Impact 56. It is estimated that where the wire is 6 m from the ground (the Minimum height when crossing the non-residential area) or 7 m from the ground (the Minimum height when crossing the residential area), the peak intensity of electromagnetic field will appear at the distance of 3 m from the wire, and the intensity will significantly decrease with distance. It is expected that the intensity of the electromagnetic field will meet the standard at the closest sensitive receptors. The site survey has identified the sensitive receptors of the electromagnetic impacts which have been considered in the development of mitigation measures. Environmental Risk 57. Risk assessment has been conducted. The primary sources for environmental risk include the fuel storage, the gas filling station and the wastewater treatment station which may lead to fire accidents and fuel leakage. The maximum credible accident is the fire accident due to the leakage of the fuel storage, with the probability being 8.7×10-5 /tank.year. Under such accident, the maximum distance for the CO concentration to meet the relevant standard is 1,500 m. Within this distance, there are 6 communities and one primary school that would be affected by the CO. The impact radius of fire accident in the gas filling station is estimated to be 12.1 m within which there would be the pumping station and office of the gas filling station. In case of malfunction of the wastewater treatment station, the wastewater can be accommodated by the conditioning tank, so as to avoid accidental discharge of untreated wastewater. In recognition of these risks, the project has responded by 15 developing an emergency preparedness and response plan for potential accidents/risks which may be caused by airport operation (e.g. fire, explosion, plane crash, and safety breaches). Impact on Land Use Planning 58. The airport site is in the south of Shangrao City, 8 km from the city center and 4 km from the boundary of the land planned for urban development. According to the land use planning of Shangrao City, the city will expand toward north of Xinjiang River. In contrast, the airport is in the south of Xinjiang River. Thus the airport will not affect the land use planning of Shangrao City. 59. The runway is aligned in a SW/NE direction. The landing and take offs corridor may affect the land use planning of Zaotou Town and Chating Town. The land under the landing and take offs corridor in Zaotou Town is planned for parks and a few residential blocks which does not has stringent requirement for acoustic environment quality; the land under the corridor in Chating Town is planned for parks and industrial establishment that will not have stringent acoustic environment quality requirement. Thus the impact on the land use planning in Zaotou and Chating Towns is minor. Noise Restriction Area 60. With the increasing volume of air traffic in the airport, the scope of noise impact is expected to expand to cover more sensitive receptors. Based on the noise modeling, the EMP proposes to restrict development of noise-sensitive buildings in the vicinity of the airport-an area within approximately 3 kilometer to each end of the runway, and 0.5km to each side of the runway. The existing households within the area will be provided with noise mitigation measures, while the future establishment of noise sensitive receptors, i.e. residential settlements, schools and hospitals, will be restricted from this scope. If absolutely needed, new noise-sensitive buildings within the restriction area will be equipped with adequate sound insulation facilities. Social Impacts and Cumulative Impacts 61. As mentioned above, the project will cause land acquisition, resettlement issues, relocation of household graves, power lines and rural roads, disturbance to local irrigation system and local communities during construction. These social impacts are manageable and have been addressed in the RAP and the EMP. 62. The project will increase the number of tourists and tourism spending benefiting local economy. The development and operation of the airport will increase trade between Shangrao and other cities, and help to encourage investments in local infrastructure and commercial and industrial enterprises, creating more job opportunities and improve living condition for the local people. The development of the airport and future investments surrounding the airport area would change the original pattern of social structure in the host communities. Cumulative Impacts 16 63. The Project will improve airline connectivity in Northeastern Jiangxi Province, and boost local economy development. The airport will attract half million tourists to Shangrao each year, imposing some pressure on the city’s infrastructure services. The passengers carried into the city by the airport will use the tourism and public service, leading to increased pressure on transport, water and sanitation in the city. However, the total number of tourists coming into the city of Shangrao in 2010 was approximately 20 million. In contrast the number of passengers to be brought by the airport will be 0.5 million in 2020, only accounting for 2.5% of the total tourists in the city. According to the tourism development plan of the city, Shangrao has adequate infrastructure (e.g. waste, wastewater facilities) and hotels (i.e.100 large hotels and a lot of hostels). The incremental quantity of the tourists due to the project will be a small percentage of the total and will not have serious impact on local infrastructure service. 64. With the increased air traffic volume, the land surrounding the airport will be developed into an airport city. As a result, the ground traffic flow will be increased. The communities in proximity of the airport will be affected not only by the aircraft but the ground traffic. However such cumulative impact can be mitigated by land use control measures. VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 65. During project development, various alternatives have been screened and compared with technical, economic and environmental criteria. In terms of the environmental assessment of alternatives, the primary objective was to identify and adopt options with the least adverse environmental impacts. The evaluation and comparison mainly focus on the selection of airport location, site drainage, and orientation of runway. Sites for Airport 66. Three alternative sites for the proposed airport has been developed and compared based on the environmental and social impacts, cost and technical criteria. Initially six alternative sites were selected according to the Technical Guideline for the Siting Report Preparation for Civil Airports issued by China Civil Aviation Bureau. After site survey, three alternative sites were screened out for further comparison, and the site in Houmentang Village has been identified as the preferred option because of: (i) Overhead clearance: the new site will avoid cutting down surrounding hills, and minimize the impacts on the surrounding environment; (ii) the aircrafts, either landing, or taking off, will not pass over Shangrao city, avoid densely populated area; (iii) resettlement will be minimized; (iv) access convenience; and (v) utility supply convenience. 17 Site Drainage 67. Two alternatives on site drainage have been developed and compared. The Feasibility Study Report proposed the Alternative one which proposes six storm water discharge outlets for rainwater discharge and two culverts to drain rainwater from the upstream through the airport. Through the first round of public consultation, it was proposed the Alternative two to add two new outlets to compensate for the reduced catchment area of the ponds that provide irrigation water to the farmland, and cancel one culvert intended for offering water to a pond by which the farmland to be irrigated will be acquired by the airport. Further assessment on the safety of airport and cost also support the Alternative two as the preferred option. Orientation of Runway 68. Two kinds of options for the runway have been developed for comparison. One is the length of the runway and the other is the orientation of the runway. The 2,400 m runway is preferred as it that can meet the development objective of the airport for 2020 and fit into with the actual situation of the feeder airport in China. Five options for runway orientation have been compared in terms of the noise impact, land occupation and proximity to existing municipal infrastructures. 69. Wastewater Treatment Options 70. Three options for wastewater treatment have been developed and compared. They are: Option 1-all of the wastewater will be treated on site and recycled in greening and vehicle washing; Option 2-all of the wastewater will be discharged into the municipal sewer to the municipal wastewater treatment plant; Option 3-wastewater will be treated on site and recycled in greening and vehicle washing as much as possible with the remaining discharged into the municipal sewer. 71. Option 3 is preferred as the preferred option, since it will reduce the risk of overflow of the wastewater, and reduce the demand for fresh water in the airport in response to the national initiative for energy saving and reduction of pollution. Fuel for Operation Vehicles 72. Three types of fuel-oil, natural gas and electricity, have been compared for the operation vehicles in the airport in terms of the environment, economy, safety and technology. After comparison, electricity is considered as the preferred option since it has minimal safety risk, least land occupation requirement for recharge facilities, no emission and low cost. With and Without Project 73. The scenarios of “With and Without Project� have been considered and compared. Although the “With Project� scenario will cause environmental impacts on noise, water, solid waste, and ecology in the project area, these impacts can be mitigated to an acceptable level through carefully designed mitigation measures. The positive impacts to be brought by the scenario of “With Project� obviously overweight the 18 negative impacts and will promote the local economy and living standard of the people. VII. RESETTLEMENT PLAN 74. According to the data collected by resettlement survey, the impacts area will cover four villages: Tashui Village of Xinzhou District, Zhoushi Village of Shangrao County, Zunqiao Village of Shangrao County, and Zhouwu Village of Shangrao County Structure to be Demolished 75. Total demolished area: 5,760.99 square meters. 16 households are affected by house demolition, with 76 affected people. All the demolished structures belong to 16 HHs, of which 14 are impacted by residential house demolition, and two by non-residential purpose. None of the demolished structures are used for business purposes. Land Acquisition 76. The land to be acquired by this project is 2241.9mu in total, including 383.75mu cultivated land and 1858.15mu non-cultivated land. All the lands are collective-owned lands. The land acquisition and house demolition in the airport project involved 498 households and 2,479 people in total. 77. According to the survey, the land to be permanently acquired by the project is 2,241.9mu in total, including 383.75mu cultivated land and 1,858.15mu non-cultivated land. All the lands are rural collective-owned lands. According to the project design, the land for construction，including the construction camp site, is within the range of land to be permanently acquired, and the existing rural roads will be used as access roads ,so there is no land to be temporarily occupied in this project. 78. According to the field survey, among the 2,241.9mu to-be-acquired land for the airport project, only 383.75mu land is cultivated land, accounting for 17.12% of the total to-be-acquired land area. Among the to-be-acquired non-cultivated land, wood land covers the largest area, accounting for 78.14%. The wood land here is generally covered by low shrubs and wood land, including large areas of deserted hills, which do not bring about any economic revenue to nearby villagers. The to-be-acquired wood land is contracted by the peasant families in the affected area. 79. The survey on the four affected villages shows that, the per capita cultivated land areas of these villages are within the range of 1.03~1.45mu, which is a relatively high level. After the land acquisition, the per capita cultivated land areas will reduce to 19 some extent in all these villages, among which Tashui Village sees the lowest decrease level from 1.1mu to 1.01mu. On the whole, land acquisition has a small impact on these villages. The influence rate of Tashui Village is 7.93%, and the influence rates of other villages are only within the range of 1.38%~2.09%. According to the socioeconomic survey on the affected families, over 80% of the family income in the villages comes from non-agricultural production. Therefore, the land acquisition in this airport project only has a slight influence on the family income and daily life of villagers in these four affected villages. Table 6-1 The influence rate of land acquisition in all affected villages Village Current Cultivated To-be-acquired Per capita Per capita Influence population land (mu) land (mu) cultivated cultivated rate (%) land before land after land land acquisition acquisition (mu) (mu) Tashui 2003 2200 174.42 1.10 1.01 7.93 Village Zhoushi 2911 3640 76.1 1.25 1.22 2.09 Village Zunqiao 3260 4727 98.48 1.45 1.42 2.08 Village Zhouwu 2450 2520.5 34.75 1.03 1.01 1.38 Village Total 10624 13087.5 383.75 1.23 1.20 2.93 80. According to the resettlement survey, in the mountain wood land within the scope of to-be-acquired land, there are 137 tombs , 81 belong to Tashui villagers,13 belong to Zunqiao villagers, 10 belong Zhouwu villagers and 33 to Zhoushi villagers. VIII. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 81. A detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared addressing all issues identified in the EIA. The EMP proposes mitigation measures, establishes an organizational structure, procedures, institutional responsibilities for implementation, and a budget and source of financing for each activity, and includes environmental monitoring and capacity building programs. 82. As the precise sitting alignments for the airport access road and associated utility infrastructure cannot be determined because of the rugged topography of the area which requires detailed engineering, an EMF has been prepared, setting out the guidelines and procedures to assess the environmental impacts associated with these activities. Specific EMPs will be developed based on the EMF. Activities subject to EMP and EMF are summarized as below: 20 Table 8-1 Activities Subject to EMP and EMF Activities Description for Activities EA Instruments 1. Airport - A runway (2400m×45m) and a taxiway (208.5m×23m) EA and connecting parking apron to the runway; EMP - Passenger aircraft parking apron (290m×130m) for five aircrafts; - A passenger terminal building (6000m2) and a car park (6,700m2); - One 400 m2cargo warehouse, one 500 m2 handling yard, and one 100m2 parking lot; - Fuel farm: 3×100m3 storage tanks and 1×5m3 underground tank; - One vehicle gas filling station(150 m2) with 4 ×25 m3 underground fuel tanks; - Drainage system: eight storm water discharge outlets, one culvert underneath the Airport, and associated storm water pipes within the Airport; - A wastewater treatment facility(10 m3/h) and associated sewer within the Airport; - A 50 m2 solid waste transfer station; - A 350m2 water pressure booster station, one 300m3 water storage tank, one 500m3 fire-fighting tank, and 2.5km water distribution pipes within the Airport; - A 1,200m2 fire-fighting station with 6.5km fire-fighting pipelines within the Airport; - An air traffic control tower(~24m high); - Other auxiliary facilities: general aviation facilities (airfield lighting system, landing system, meteorological system, telecommunication system etc.), one 300m2 air conditioning room, one 800m2 transformer substation, and administration and operational offices etc.. 2. Airport Connecting Road - ~4.65 km road connecting Shangrao city and the EMF and associated utility Airport; pipelines - ~7.6 km (DN 500) water supply pipeline connecting with the trunk pipeline in Shangrao city to the Airport; - ~5km natural gas pipeline to be laid along the connecting road; - ~10km sewer to be laid along the connecting road; 3. Camphor trees - 3,722 Camphor trees to be transplanted to a nursery EMP transplantation base. 4. Household graves - 137 household graves will be relocated to sites RAP and relocation selected by affected people. EMP 5. A resettlement site - A resettlement site has been selected for 14 relocated EMP households. 21 6. Construction of two electric - One ~7.5km 10 kV power line from Maojialing EMF power transmission lines. transformer substation to the Airport - One ~8km 10 kV power line from Zaotou transformer substation to the Airport; 7. Compensation or - The assessment from Shangrao Water Resources EMP Restoration measures for Institute shows that approximately 300mu (20ha) people whose farms’ paddy farms relies on the irrigation water from two ponds occupied by the airport. The irrigation system will be compensation/restoration measures have been affected by the project. proposed. 8. Restoration of rural - Two (~6 km in total) rural roads will be constructed to EMP connectivity restore rural connectivity. 9. Relocation of two existing - Relocation of ~15km 110kV Mao-Zao electric power EMP electric power transmission transmission line lines - Relocation of ~12.8km 110kV Wang-Zhao electric power transmission line 10. Burrow pits, disposal sites, - EMF temporary access roads to be determined during detail design stage. A. Mitigation Measures. 83. The EMP proposes adequate measures to mitigate adverse impacts and enhance positive impacts during design, construction and operation. Environmental aspects have been taken into account in the project design. The green airport design guidelines have been developed in the EMP (EMP Annex 6). Environmental friendly design includes balancing excavation and back filling earthworks, minimizing interruption of natural drainage system in design, reuse of wastewater, rainwater storage for landscaping, irrigation and flush toilets in the airport, and use of clean fuel for ground vehicles at the airport. Environmental specifications have been developed to minimize construction related impacts. Mitigation measures for noise and vibration, waste and wastewater etc. have been included in the EMP. B. Health and Safety Plan 84. To address the events of injury and disease in the airport, an outline of the health and safety plan has been developed for the operation phase of the airport, which specifies the institutional arrangement, the duties, equipment and materials, as well as the operation procedures. In addition, specific measures have been proposed to protect worker’s health and safety (see EMP Annex III). C. Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan 85. Potential associated with the project are the fire, explosion, aircraft crash, and safety breaches. In recognition of these risks, the project has responded by developing an emergency preparedness and response plan for potential accidents/risks which may be caused by airport operation. The plan specifies (i) institutional arrangements 22 including the establishment of an emergency preparedness and response leading team; (ii) major components of the plan; and (iii) the requirements of the implementation of the emergency plan, procedure, and material/equipment preparation. Regular drill will be conducted, and hazardous materials will be managed to prevent accidental releases, fire, or explosions, as described in Chinese regulations and the General EHS Guidelines. D. Institutional Arrangement. 86. Environment management responsibilities have been defined. Environmental management during construction involves the Project Management Office of Shangrao Sanqingshan Airport Corporation, civil work contractors, and Environmental Supervision Engineers etc.. During the construction, the PMO of Sanqingshan Airport Co. Ltd. will appoint one full-time staff to take responsibility for coordinating implementation of the EMP. During the operation, the Sanqingshan Airport Co. Ltd. will establish an environmental protection department being in charge of environmental management and environmental monitoring under the guidance and supervision of Shangrao EPB. Environmental Supervision Company will be responsible for day to day environmental management during the construction phase. Their responsibilities will include response to environmental monitoring reports and the taking of appropriate mitigation actions. They will also handle any environmental events which may occur during construction and operation. E. Environmental Monitoring. 87. An environmental monitoring plan has been developed for both the construction and operation phases and incorporated into the EMP, which includes the monitoring location, monitoring parameters, methods, frequency and cost estimate. The emergency monitoring plan has been prepared for monitoring the accident in the fuel storage area, including the monitoring points, items, frequency and reporting procedure. PMO will be responsible for submitting the progress report on environmental management and for compiling the reports of environmental monitoring. F. Cost Estimate for Environment Management 88. Detail of the cost estimate is presented in Table 8-2 below. 23 Table 8-2 Cost Estimate for Environmental Management Component Item Cost Estimate (RMB 10,000 ) Mitigation Wastewater Wastewater treatment station 485 912 Measure for treatment Water reuse system 175 Construction Sewer system 220 and Operation Phase Settling tanks and lavatories for construction 2 phase Oil-water separator 30 Solid waste Solid waste temporary storage chamber 10 Groundwater Groundwater monitoring wells 4 Noise mitigation Sound insulation measures for households at 1,995 five villages. Ecology Greening works and vegetation restoration in 670.89 airport Woodland restoration 721 Bird facilities 183 Soil erosion control (included in the engineering 231.97 cost) Relocation of camphor trees 541.61 Airport drainage Enhancement and expansion of the gully 440 downstream of the outfalls Rural roads restoration Restoration of the rural roads occupied by the 510.6 airport Environmental Construction 1.3 monitoring Operation 4.6 Training Contractors and full-time staff in charge of environmental protection 6 Environmental supervisors 9 Sanqingshan Airport Company and the full-time staff in charge of 3 environmental management IX. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE A. Public Consultation 89. In accordance with the requirements of the China’s EA Law and Temporary Method for Public Participation of China, two rounds of public consultation were conducted by the EIA team. The first round focused on the draft EIA TORs, environmental screening to define public concerns, to assist identification of key environmental issues and to draw public response and comments on the initially developed mitigation measures for the potential adverse impacts identified. The second round was designed to ensure public awareness of the EA effort and final project definition and mitigation by presenting the EA documents including the EIA, EMP and EMF to the public through information disclosure procedures. 90. The primary methods of public consultation included public meetings/hearings, interviews, questionnaires, and use of public media such as newspapers. The EA 24 team organized and chaired the public meetings which were also attended by project planners, design engineers, and government officials from the project management offices. Summary of the public consultation is given in Table 7-1. Table 9-1 Implementation of the Public Consultation Timing Location Place of public meeting Participants 2012.1.31- 2012.2.2 Xiangshan Village, Tashui Zaotou Town, Zunqiao Local people, Village, Zhoushi Village, Town, Miaojialing representatives of the Zhouyu Village Villagers’ Commettee, Villagers’ Committee, Tashui Village schools and home for the aged 2012.9.29- Xiangshan Village, Fujia Zaotou Town, Zunqiao Local people, 2012.9.30 Village, Maowan Village, Town, Miaojialing representatives of the Zhoushi Village, Zhouwu Villagers’ Commettee, Villagers’ Committee Village, Tashui Village, Tashui Village Cangting 91. Through the consultation, it is understood that the public strongly support the project as they think their daily life will be improved by the Project. The results of the first round consultation indicate that the noise impact is of the primary public concern for construction and operation phases. Other public concerns are the traffic blocking, rural road connectivity, and impact on irrigation facilities, land compensation and resettlement in construction phase. The details are in Chapter 7 of the EIA. These concerns have been responded and considered in the EA preparation. B. Information Disclosure 92. In accordance with the requirements of the EA Law in China and the World Bank, on Jan. 7, 2012, the EA TORs for this project was disclosed at the affected villages and the web of EPB at http://www.srepb.gov.cn/. On September 23, 2012 the draft EA documents, including EIA, EMP and EMF, were placed in the affected villages and bulletins were posted on site to inform the local people of the availability of the EA documents. On September 29, 2012, the EA documents were disclosed at the website of EPB at http://www.srepb.gov.cn/. An advertisement has been placed on the Shangrao Daily, the most popular local newspaper, on September 29, 2012 to inform the public of the place to assess to the EA documents. The EA safeguards documents were sent to the Bank InfoShop for disclosure on October 30, 2012. 25