71072 v2 Ecuador: Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 2007 GDP 2007 GDP 2007 Share 2007 Trade Membership No. of RTAs/ EIAs (millions) per capita in World Trade per capita GATT WTO Goods Services $45,247 $3,375 0.09% $2,322 No 1996 3 0 Ecuador TRADE PERFORMANCE ‡ LAC Ranking Decile TP Lower mid inc TRADE POLICY (TP) (out of 125) 58 5 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE) (out of 126) 66 6 TO EE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) (out of 181) 136 8 TRADE FACILITATION (TF) (out of 151) 70 5 TRADE OUTCOME (TO) (out of 161) 103 7 TF IE ‡ Rankings are based on the "representative" indicators (in bold) in each group below for the latest year Outer bound represents best value in latest year TRADE POLICY (TP)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Trade Tariff Restrictiveness Index (MFN applied tariffs)& .. 5.0 4.8 * TTRI (applied tariffs including preferences) & .. 4.8 4.8 * TTRI Overall TRI (OTRI, applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& .. .. .. (MFN) Other trade policy indicators MFN applied tariff - simple avg (%) 12.5 11.9 11.7 11.3 Applied Dispersion (coefficient of variation) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 tariff (wgt avg) Maximum rate 32.5 35.0 20.0 30.0 Agriculture - simple avg (%) 14.8 14.7 14.6 15.0 Import Nonagriculture - simple avg (%) 12.1 11.5 11.3 10.7 duties MFN applied tariff - trade weighted avg (%) 10.8 10.3 9.5 8.7 MFN zero-duty imports (% in total imports) 3.6 9.5 27.7 25.3 * Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - trade weighted avg (%) 10.8 9.8 6.5 5.9 Nontariff measures Agriculture 12.4 12.8 8.2 7.9 Nonagriculture 10.6 9.5 6.4 5.8 0 10 20 30 40 50 Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - production weighted avg (%) .. 9.2 9.8 * LAC Lower mid inc Ecuador Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) escalation (finished% minus raw%) 2.7 3.1 4.5 Agriculture .. 7.6 7.7 9.5 Nonagriculture .. 2.9 3.2 4.7 Import duties (% of imports) .. .. .. .. Services commit. Tariff overhang (MFN bound less MFN applied rate,%) 9.2 10.0 10.0 10.5 Bound tariff frequency ratio (% of total lines) 99.9 99.8 99.9 100.0 * Specific tariffs frequency ratio (%) 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0 40 80 Non-tariff measures frequency ratio (%) .. 33.0 .. .. LAC Lower mid inc Ecuador Overall GATS commitment index (0-100, best) .. 26.2 26.2 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ MA-TTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.)& 3.4 2.9 * MA-OTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& 11.6 11.7 * MA-TTRI Other external environment indicators ROW applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - weighted avg (%) 12.7 9.6 4.4 1.3 * MFN duty free Agriculture 20.3 15.4 12.9 4.5 * (exports) Nonagriculture 6.2 4.4 1.5 0.3 * MFN zero-duty exports (% of total exports) 20.6 13.9 31.4 21.6 * Value of prefer Exports with FTA / CU partners (% of total exports) 9.3 11.7 13.8 13.9 * Preferences (EU+U.S.) utilization rate (%) .. .. 97.6 95.4 * 0 1 Lowest Highest Preferences (EU+U.S.) actual value (% of exports) .. .. 2.0 2.0 * LAC Lower mid inc Ecuador Real effective exchange rate (% change,+ =apprec.) -4.8 8.2 -3.6 -3.3 ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used(noted by *). For more infor., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008. ŸMFN: most favored nation; NTM: nontariff measures; MA: market access; ROW: rest of the world; FTA: free trade agreement; CU: customs union; WTO: World Trade Organization GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; WGI: World Government Indicators; ".." indicates missing value; RTA/EIA: regional trade arrangement / economic integration arrangement; & 2007 are preliminary estimates Ecuador Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) 2004 2006 2007 2008 Ease of Doing Business (rank out of 181) .. .. 133 136 Starting a business (rank) .. .. 154 158 Enforcing contracts (rank) .. .. 101 158 Ease of Doing Closing a business (rank) .. 127 101 Business Other institutional environment indicators WGI - Regulatory Quality (-2.5 to +2.5, best) -0.88 -1.07 -1.04 .. 0 80 160 WGI - Rule of Law (-2.5 to +2.5, best) -0.73 -1.03 -1.04 .. LAC Lower mid inc Ecuador WGI - Control of Corruption (-2.5 to +2.5, best) -0.76 -0.80 -0.87 .. TRADE FACILITATION (TF) 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Logistics Performance Index (LPI, 1 to 5 best) .. .. 2.6 2.6 * Efficiency of customs and other border procedures .. .. 2.3 2.3 * Logistic Index Quality of transport and IT infrastructures .. .. 2.4 2.4 * International transportation costs .. .. 2.6 2.6 * Logistics competence .. .. 2.6 2.6 * Trading Trackability of shipments .. .. 2.5 2.5 * Across Borders Domestic transportation costs .. .. 3.4 3.4 * Timeliness of shipment .. .. 3.3 3.3 * Other trade facilitation indicators UNCTAD Shipping Doing Business - Trading Across Borders (rank out of 181) .. 134 124 No. of documents required for exports .. .. 10 9 No. of days process required for exports .. .. .. .. Telephones Cost to export (US$ per container) .. .. 1,090 1,345 per 100 No. of documents required for imports .. .. 8 7 No. of days process required for imports .. .. 44 29 Secondary Cost to import (US$ per container) .. .. 1,090 1,332 enrollment Liner shipping connectivity index (0-100 best) .. .. 13.0 14.3 Telephones and mobiles per 100 people 9.1 25.2 75.8 89.1 * 0 Lowest 1 Highest Average cost of 3-minute call to U.S. (US$) 5.1 2.1 .. .. LAC Lower mid inc Ecuador Internet usage (per 100 people) 0.2 3.5 9.6 11.7 * Secondary gross school enrollment (%) 55.6 59.2 66.1 67.5 * TRADE OUTCOME (TO) ## 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Real growth in trade of goods and services (%) 1.2 8.1 8.7 5.1 12 Exports 4.8 4.6 6.9 2.7 10 10.1 8.9 8.7 8.8 8 8.1 7.9 7.7 Imports -1.9 12.9 10.0 7.3 6.1 6 5.1 Other trade outcome indicators 4 5.0 3.7 Trade integration (trade as % of GDP) 52.7 58.4 67.7 79.4 2 1.2 FDI inflow (% of GDP) 3.1 5.0 1.8 0.8 0 1995-99 2000-04 2005-07 2008 World trade share growth (%) -5.1 4.6 4.4 5.4 Trade Growth Rate Exports -2.4 1.2 6.0 11.4 Ecuador LAC Lower mid inc Imports -6.3 9.0 2.9 -0.9 Merchandise share in total exports (%) 87.1 86.5 92.5 94.8 Exports Share (2005-07) Agriculture 51.9 38.1 29.3 28.9 * Service, Manufacturing 7.8 9.0 8.3 8.9 * 7.5 Mining, fuel and others 27.3 39.4 54.3 55.0 * Agric, 29.3 Service share in total exports (%) 12.9 13.5 7.5 5.4 Tourism 5.4 6.5 3.9 3.5 * Transportation 4.8 4.1 2.7 2.5 * Other services 2.7 2.8 1.5 1.2 * Mining, Manuf, Export product concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 36.5 43.2 53.5 53.2 * 8.3 54.3 Export market concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 42.0 43.3 53.7 55.2 * Top 5 exports share (% of merchandise exports) .. .. 77.7 77.8 * Top 5 exports (SITC Rev. 2; 3 digit) ( 333) Petroleum crude (057) Fruits and nuts (334) Heavy petroleum oils (036) Crustaceans and molluscs ( 037) Fishery products ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used (noted by *). For more info., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008 ## Most outcome indicators (mostly through 2007) are from the WDI (World Bank, Data Group), UNCTAD or COMTRADE; for filling gaps and 2008, data from the Prospects Group are used.