Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Monsoon Monitoring Centre Pakistan Meteorological Department Islamabad Pakistan Hydro- Meteorological and DRM Services Project March, 2018 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Executive Summary Over the last two decades Pakistan has made considerable progress in reducing absolute poverty and improving shared prosperity, but most of the population remains poor or vulnerable1.A key dimension of social vulnerability in South Asia is exposure to hydrological and meteorological (hydromet) hazards including storms, floods, and droughts. Being one of the most flood-prone countries in the South Asia Region, Pakistan has suffered a loss of US$18 billion between 2005 and 2014 (US$10.5 billion from the 2010 floods alone), equivalent to around 6 percent of the federal budget. Ranked among 7th on the climate risk index2, the severity of these hazards is likely to be exacerbated due to climate change. Annual average flood damages are projected to increase five-fold by 2030.3 In addition, these extreme weather events create vulnerabilities in major natural asset-based sectors like agriculture, forestry, livestock, food security and water. Agriculture sector being severely exposed to climate and weather-related risks that accounts for 95 percent of total national water use. To maximize the economic value of its relatively scarce water resources, Pakistan needs to greatly improve water management. Climate-resilient development also requires stronger institutions and a higher level of observation, forecasting, and service delivery capacity; these could make a significant contribution to safety, security, and economic well-being.4 Pakistan Hydro-meteorological and DRM Services Project is initiated to strengthen the delivery of reliable and timely hydro-meteorological and disaster risk management services to user departments and communities. Co-financed by the World Bank and Government of Pakistan, the project beneficiaries include people who are at risk from climate, weather and water-related disasters5 and line departments. Establishment Monsoon Monitoring Center is part of greater effort to improve the hydro-meteorological infrastructure. The sub-project will support community level early warning systems for extreme weather-related events such as thunderstorms, floods, and flash floods. An Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been prepared to assess the impacts of the project on environmental and social environment and propose the mitigation measures. This document provides the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) of the Monsoon Monitoring Centre in consistent with the identified requirement of the ESMF. Description of Sub-Project Establishment of Monsoon Monitoring Center (MMC) is proposed under Component 1.2 E: Expansion and Refurbishment of PMD’s Operational Facilities of Pakistan Meteorological and Climate Services Project. With an aim to upgrade the observation infrastructure, data management systems and forecasting, the proponent for the project is Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD). In particular, it will extend the forecasting for flash floods, analysis and service delivery capabilities to provide guidance to agriculture, water resources and irrigation, 1http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/886791468083329310/Pakistan-Country-partnership-strategy-for-the-period- FY2015-19 2 http://germanwatch.org/en 3 http://floods.wri.org/#/country/170/Pakistan 4Upgrading all hydro-meteorological information and early-warning systems in developing countries has been estimated to have the potential to save 23,000 lives annually and provide US$3 –30 billion per year in economic benefits—see Hallegatte (2012). “A Cost Effective Solution to Reduce Disaster Losses in Developing Countries: Hydro-meteorological Services, Early Warning, and Evacuation.â€? Policy Research Working Paper 6058, World Bank, Washington, DC. 5 Over 30 million people have been affected from floods between 2010 and 2014, as per NDMA. Since 1950, around 12,000 people have lost their lives directly as a result of flooding disaster, as per the National Flood Protection Plan IV of the Federal Flood Commission. Draft Report Executive Summary March 2018 Page | 1 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project disaster risk management, media, civil aviation, health and energy. The MMC will be built within the existing PMD complex in Islamabad, therefore not requiring any land acquisition. Regulatory Framework Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 applicable for Islamabad along with the NEQS and guidelines for Environmental Social Assessment have been used for the project. In addition applicable municipal laws of Islamabad have also been taken into consideration while formulating this ESMP. World Bank Operational Policy OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment is applicable to this sub-project. Moreover the applicable World Bank Environmental Code of Practices has been referred to in the ESMP to enable environmental protection and social safety. OP 4.12 has been triggered for the overall project but is not relevant for this subproject as there is no land acquisition or displacement is involved. Assessment of Environmental and Social Baselines The proposed Monsoon Monitoring Center will be constructed within the premises of Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) Sector H8 Islamabad, Pakistan. The sub-project site is facing a graveyard towards the east and residential complex of PMD weswards the building. There are multiple office complexes parallel to the building. The environmental baseline of the project location and surroundings has been collected using field surveys and literature review. The sub-project site is entirely surrounded by built-up area including offices and educational institutes in Islamabad. Assessment of baseline reveals the noise levels, air quality and ground water quality of the sub-project site is well within the limits defined by NEQS and World Bank OHS guidelines. The topography is plain with no land features that may suffer impacts of construction. Islamabad has distinct seasons marked by wide variation in temperature with hot summers and cold winters. Summer lasts from May to October with mean maximum and minimum temperature of 40 oC and 24 oC. Winter season is from November to March with mean maximum and minimum temperature of 17.7 o C and 2.6 o C. One of the sub-tributaries of Nullah Lai and Saidpur Kas passes 500 meters east of the sub- project site at the PMD, originating from the Margalla Hills and falling into the Nullah Lai just upstream from Katarian Bridge on I.J.P Road which is at a distance 3.5 km from PMD project site. The sub-project site falls under Seismic Zone-3 prone to moderate to severe damage from earthquakes. Therefore, structural design mitigations will follow the building codes with seismic provisions specific to Zone 3. There are no endangered species of flora and fauna encountered in the sub-project site and surroundings. The most noticeable vegetative cover in the proximity of the project site is Margalla Hills National Park (MHNP). Maragalla Hills are at a distance of 5 kilometers north whereas Shakarparian is 800 meters east of project site. The Buffer zone between Shakarparian and the sub-project site is Islamabad Expressway which is a busy road and does not encounter animals from MHNP. According to the 2017 population census, the population of Islamabad is approximately 2 million with a literacy rate of Islamabad is 87%. The sub-project site is surrounded by a number of educational institutions that include Beaconhouse School, Saint Gabrial School, Preston University and City School. A network of government hospitals and basic health units is operational in Islamabad, with better functioning than other areas of the country. The nearest heath care facility to the sub-project site is the private Shifa International Hospital that can be reached in 2 minutes in case of emergency. A grave yard is present at a distance of 200 meters east of sub-project site. Stakeholder Consultations and Disclosure Draft Report Executive Summary March 2018 Page | 2 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Consultations were carried out with primary stakeholder within the vicinity of the sub-project site and with PMD. The stakeholders expressed their satisfaction on compliance with environmental and social safeguards during recent Weather Surveillance Radar tower construction by JICA through PMD. The major concerns raised were regarding emissions, noise, waste and increase in traffic congestion from the construction site. There was also a concern about the movement of heavy vehicles at times when students from nearby educational institutes are entering or exiting their schools. In order to address the concerns, a Traffic and Noise Management Plan along with solid waste and emission controls is proposed in the mitigation measures. A third party testing of air and water and noise in compliance with NEQS and World Bank OHS requirements is also made part of the mitigation measures. Overall stakeholders provided a positive feedback in support of the project. Impact Assessment and Mitigation Detailed assessment of potential impacts associated with the sub-project on environmental and social receptors was carried out for design, construction and operation phase, and mitigation measures have been proposed accordingly. Monitoring parameters and responsibilities with reference to mitigation measures are provided in Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan (ESMMP) along with a checklist for monitoring of, and for, construction contractor and PMD. The major potential adverse impacts associated with construction to MMC are localized and temporary in nature and related to soil, noise, air quality, solid waste, increased resource consumption, labour and public health and safety. Soil erosion and contamination by run-off from construction activities will be avoided through, proper storage of construction materials and proper disposal of contaminated soil. There may also be an impact on air quality from dust and exhaust emissions from soil excavation and movement of heavy vehicles, which will be mitigated by following an Emissions Monitoring and Monitoring Plan. Debris and waste from construction activities if dumped into the drainage channels, may increase the sediment loads and choke them, while accidental leaks/spills of oil/fuel from storage tanks or maintenance vehicles can also pollute surface waters. A Debris Management Plan and proper storage and disposal of construction materials will manage these impacts. Improper waste disposal from the construction site as can lead to various public health concerns including worsened air quality due to waste burning, breeding grounds for vectors, and/or clogging of drains and pollution of subsurface water. A robust solid waste management plan will need to be put in place for construction material as well as for the domestic waste produced by labor. Workers’ health and safety plan will be prepared for labor, in order to safeguard them from any adverse impacts while handling heavy machinery and toxic material (if any). Construction activities and increased traffic of heavy vehicles may impact public safety of surrounding communities. Proper signage for construction phase, training of construction staff and alternative routes are some of the mitigation measures proposed. Increased consumption of energy and water during construction and operation phase will be managed by including resource efficient building designs and training construction staff on efficient use of water. The MMC in Islamabad is located in an earthquake prone area. Design of this facility will be made according to the Building Codes of Pakistan with Seismic provision and international best practices to avoid damage caused by earthquakes. An emergency management plan will also be prepared to manage and mitigate impacts of any manmade or natural disaster. A training plan for the construction contractor, PMD and associated staff is defined to ensure the staff is acquired with required information to implement ESMP in the field. The budget for ESMP implementation is estimated at PKR 6,300,000. Institutional Arrangements Draft Report Executive Summary March 2018 Page | 3 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project The implementation of the ESMP will fall under the overall supervision of the Project Director of the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), housed in the PMD. The PIU will be responsible for the implementation, monitoring and reporting of the ESMP through the Environment and Social Safeguards Specialists. The Project Management and Implementation Consultant (PMIC) will be responsible for ensuring ESMP requirements are being followed by the construction contractor and provide support. The construction contractor will be responsible to implement the mitigation measures on ground, and a Contractor ESMMP will be a part of the contract. PMD through independent service providers will initiate the environmental monitoring of air, water and soil to monitor and report compliance. Detailed roles and responsibilities of the project implementation in accordance with ESMP are defined. ESMP monitoring checklist will be used by PIU, PMIC and Construction Contractor to monitor the ESMP compliance. PMIC will provide monthly monitoring reports to the Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialists in the PIU. Monthly reports by the Specialists will be shared with the Project Director. Quarterly progress reports will be shared by the PIU with the World Bank. An annual Third Party Validation of the sub-project during construction phase will be conducted and the report shared with the World Bank. In case of non-compliance corrective action will be taken and construction work will be discontinued. Grievance Redress Mechanism A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) will record and address the complaints and concerns of stakeholders during sub-project execution. The GRM proposed in the ESMF will be followed for this subproject. GRM provisions and details will be displayed in the local language at the sub-project site and the PMD offices. Complaint Register (CR) will be maintained by the PIU to log all complaints and corrective action will be taken in case of a grievance. Disclosure The ESMP will be disclosed on the websites of PMD, and on the World Bank Info Shop. Hard copies of this ESMP will also be shared with the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and relevant project stakeholders, contractors, Civil Society Organizations etc. A copy of the ESMP will be placed in the Project Implementation Unit, PMD for public access. The Urdu translation of the Executive Summary of the ESMP will also be distributed to all relevant stakeholders, especially to the communities in the project areas. Draft Report Executive Summary March 2018 Page | 4 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction...........................................................................................9 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................9 1.2 Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ........................9 1.2.1 Component 1: Hydro-meteorological and Climate Services .............................. 10 1.2.2 Component 2: Disaster Risk Management......................................................... 10 1.2.3 Component 3: Contingency Emergency Response Component ....................... 10 1.3 Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) ....................11 1.4 Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Screening .........................11 1.5 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) ...............................12 1.6 Project Justification .....................................................................................12 Chapter 2. Sub-Project Description .....................................................................14 2.1 Sub-Project Proponent ................................................................................14 2.2 Sub-Project Location ...................................................................................14 2.3 Sub Project Scope and Description ............................................................15 2.3.1 Construction of Monsoon Monitoring Centre ...................................................... 15 2.3.2 Installation of Automatic Weather Station .......................................................... 16 2.3.3 Construction Materials ........................................................................................ 17 2.3.4 Manpower Requirements ................................................................................... 17 2.3.5 Water Requirement ............................................................................................ 17 2.3.6 Waste Generation ............................................................................................... 18 2.3.7 Electricity ............................................................................................................ 18 2.4 Operational Phase ............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.4.1 Improvement of the Weather Forecasting ProcessError! Bookmark not defined. 2.4.2 Improvement of Hydrological Forecasting System, including Flood Modeling Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.5 Sub-Project Alternatives ..............................................................................18 2.5.1 No Project Option ............................................................................................... 18 2.5.2 Project Site Alternatives ..................................................................................... 19 Chapter 3. Legal and Policy Framework..............................................................20 3.1 Constitutional Provision ..............................................................................20 3.2 National and Federal Laws ..........................................................................20 3.2.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act .............................................................. 20 3.2.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE & EIA Regulations, 2000 ............................................................................................................................ 20 3.2.3 National Environmental Quality Standards, 2000 .............................................. 21 3.2.4 Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental and Social Guidelines ....... 21 3.2.5 The Antiquities Act (1975) .................................................................................. 22 Draft Report Table of Contents March 2018 Page | 1 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 3.2.6 The Public Health (Emergency Provision) Act 1954 read with West Pakistan Epidemic Control Act 1958 ................................................................................. 22 3.2.7 Explosives Act 1884 ........................................................................................... 22 3.2.8 Labour Law Constitutional Provision .................................................................. 22 3.2.9 Employment of Child Act, 1991 .......................................................................... 22 3.2.10 Islamabad Capital Territory Zoning Regulation 2005 ......................................... 23 3.2.11 Motor Vehicles Ordinance, 1965, and Rules, 1969 ............................................ 23 3.2.12 Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 ................................................................................ 23 3.2.13 Building Code of Pakistan (Seismic Provisions-2007) ....................................... 24 3.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies ...................................................................24 3.3.1 OP /BP4.01 Environmental Assessment ............................................................ 25 3.3.2 World Bank Disclosure Policy ............................................................................ 26 Chapter 4. Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline.........................27 4.1 Sub-Project Area ..........................................................................................27 4.1.1 Land use of the Sub-Project Area ...................................................................... 27 4.2 Physical Environment ..................................................................................28 4.2.1 Topography ........................................................................................................ 29 4.2.2 Climate................................................................................................................ 29 4.2.3 Hydrology and Drainage ..................................................................................... 30 4.2.4 Natural Hazard Vulnerability ............................................................................... 30 4.2.5 Surface Water Quality ........................................................................................ 31 4.2.6 Groundwater Quality........................................................................................... 32 4.2.7 Ambient Air Quality and Noise ........................................................................... 32 4.3 Biodiversity and Ecological Environment ..................................................33 4.3.1 Flora ................................................................................................................... 33 4.3.2 Fauna ................................................................................................................. 34 4.3.3 Protected Areas .................................................................................................. 35 4.4 Socioeconomic Profile .................................................................................35 4.4.1 Political and Administrative Setup ...................................................................... 35 4.4.2 Demography ....................................................................................................... 36 4.4.3 Literacy and Education ....................................................................................... 36 4.4.4 Health ................................................................................................................. 36 4.4.5 Occupation ......................................................................................................... 37 4.4.6 Industry ............................................................................................................... 37 4.4.7 Archaeological, Religious and Cultural Resources ............................................ 37 Chapter 5. Stakeholder Consultations.................................................................38 5.1 Purpose of Stakeholder Consultations .......................................................38 5.2 Consultation Process...................................................................................38 5.2.1 Identification and Classification of Stakeholders ................................................ 38 Draft Report Table of Contents March 2018 Page | 2 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 5.2.2 Classification of Stakeholders ............................................................................ 39 5.2.3 Consultation Methodology .................................................................................. 40 5.2.4 Consultation Findings/ Concerns ....................................................................... 42 Chapter 6. Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation .......44 6.1 Impact Assessment Approach ....................................................................44 6.2 Sub-Project Area of Impact ..........................................................................44 6.2.1 Immediate Area of Impact .................................................................................. 44 6.3 Impact Assessment Approach ....................................................................45 6.4 Mitigation Guidelines and Best Practices ...................................................47 6.4.1 Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) IFC General Guidelines ................... 47 6.4.2 World Bank Environmental Code of Practices ................................................... 48 6.5 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts during Design and Mitigation49 6.5.1 Biodiversity and Natural Resource ..................................................................... 49 6.5.2 Earthquake ......................................................................................................... 50 6.5.3 Water /Electricity/ Natural Gas/ Fuel Consumption ............................................ 50 6.5.4 Air Quality and Noise Levels .............................................................................. 50 6.5.5 Solid Waste Management .................................................................................. 51 6.5.6 Workers Health and Safety ................................................................................ 51 6.6 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation-Construction Phase ............................................................................................................51 6.6.1 Landscape/Soil ................................................................................................... 51 6.6.2 Ambient Air Quality and Climate ........................................................................ 52 6.6.3 Surface/Ground Water Resources ..................................................................... 53 6.6.4 Water /Electricity/ Natural Gas and Fuel Consumption ...................................... 54 6.6.5 Solid Waste Generation...................................................................................... 54 6.6.6 Noise Levels ....................................................................................................... 55 6.6.7 Flora and Fauna ................................................................................................. 56 6.6.8 Public Health and Safety .................................................................................... 57 6.6.9 Workers Health and Safety ................................................................................ 57 6.6.10 Physical /Cultural/ Archeological Resources ...................................................... 58 6.6.11 Traffic Management ............................................................................................ 58 6.6.12 Positive Socioeconomic Impacts ........................................................................ 59 6.7 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation -Operations 59 6.7.1 Air Quality and Climate ....................................................................................... 59 6.7.2 Surface/ Ground Water....................................................................................... 60 6.7.3 Solid Waste ........................................................................................................ 60 6.7.4 Electricity/ Water /Natural Gas /Fuel Consumption ............................................ 60 6.7.5 Biodiversity and Ecological Impacts (Flora and Fauna) ..................................... 61 6.8 Environmental and Social Mitigation and Management Plan (ESMMP) ....61 Draft Report Table of Contents March 2018 Page | 3 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 6.8.1 Purpose and Objectives of the ESSMP.............................................................. 61 6.8.2 Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan (ESMMP) ........... 61 Chapter 7. Institutional Arrangements ................................................................75 7.1 Project Implementation Unit ........................................................................75 7.2 Project Management and Implementation Consultant ...............................76 7.3 Third Party Consultant .................................................................................77 7.4 Construction Contractor ..............................................................................77 7.5 ESMP Monitoring Plan .................................................................................78 7.5.1 Internal Monitoring .............................................................................................. 78 7.5.2 External Monitoring/Third Party Validation ......................................................... 78 7.6 ESMP Reporting ...........................................................................................79 7.7 ESMP Capacity Development and Trainings ..............................................79 Chapter 8. ESMP Estimated Budget ....................................................................81 Chapter 9. Grievance Redress Mechanism .........................................................82 9.1 GRM at the Sub-Project Site ........................................................................82 9.2 Overview and Scope ....................................................................................82 9.3 Objectives of the Grievance Redress Mechanism .....................................82 9.4 Communication & Awareness on GRM .......................................................82 9.5 Proposed Mechanism ..................................................................................82 9.5.1 Procedures ......................................................................................................... 84 9.5.2 Grievance Closure .............................................................................................. 85 Chapter 10. Disclosure ...........................................................................................86 Annexure-1: Screening Checklist ................................................................................87 Annexure-2: EE/EIA Regulation 2000 ..........................................................................88 Annexure-3: NEQS ........................................................................................................92 Annexure-4: World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies ..................98 Annexure-5: Screening Checklist ................................................................................99 Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices......................................................... 102 Annexure-7: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Report ............................................ 120 Annexure-8: Ambient Air Quality and Noise Monitoring Report .............................. 121 Annexure-9: Birds of Islamabad ................................................................................ 125 Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation........................................... 127 Annexure-11: Asbestos Handling Guidelines ........................................................... 133 Annexure-12: Chance Find procedures..................................................................... 136 Annexure-13: Sample Terms of Reference ............................................................... 137 Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist .............................................................. 140 Annexure-15: Quarterly Progress Report .................................................................. 152 Draft Report Table of Contents March 2018 Page | 4 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project List of Tables Table 2.1: List of Construction Equipment and Machinery ............................................ 16 Table 3.1: Safeguard Policies Applicability to PHDSP ................................................... 24 Table 4.1: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring PMD Office (February 2018) ....................... 32 Table 5.1: List of Stakeholders......................................................................................... 39 Table 5.2: List of Stakeholders Consulted ...................................................................... 41 Table 5.3: Stakeholder Concerns ..................................................................................... 42 Table 6.1: Impact Assessment Framework ..................................................................... 46 Table 6.2: IFC/World Bank General EHS Guidelines....................................................... 48 Table 6.4: Noise Impact .................................................................................................... 56 Table 6.5: Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan ...................... 62 Table 7.1: Roles and Responsibilities of PIU .................................................................. 75 Table 7.2: Roles and Responsibilities for Environmental Monitoring ........................... 78 Table 7.3: Distribution of Sub-Project Reports ............................................................... 79 Table 7.4: Capacity Building and Training Plan .............................................................. 80 Table 8.1 : Estimated Budget for ESMP Compliance ...................................................... 81 Draft Report List of Tables March 2018 Page | 5 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project List of Figures Figure 1.1: Map of Project Location ................................................................................. 11 Figure 2.2: Proposed Site for Monsoon Monitoring Center ........................................... 15 Figure 2.3: Typical Automatic Weather Station .............................................................. 17 Figure 2.4: Weather Forecast Interlinkage among GoP Departments ........................... 18 Figure 4.1: Map of Islamabad ........................................................................................... 28 Figure 4.2: Proposed Site for Monsoon Monitoring Center ........................................... 28 Figure 4.3: Climate Zones of Pakistan ............................................................................. 29 Figure 4.4: Nullah Lai and Tributaries ............................................................................. 30 Figure 4.5:Seismic Zones ................................................................................................. 31 Figure 4.6: Noise Levels at Sub Project Site ................................................................... 33 Figure 4.7: Forest Cover of Islamabad ............................................................................ 34 Figure 5.1: Location of Consulted Stakeholders near Project Site................................ 41 Figure 6.1: Approach to Identify, Assess and Mitigate Impacts .................................... 44 Figure 6.2: Sensitive Receptors in Immediate Area of Impact ....................................... 45 Figure 9.1: Flow Chart for Grievance Redress Mechanism ............................................ 84 Draft Report List of Figures March 2018 Page | 6 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project List of Units °C Degree Celsius cm Centimeter db Decibels Kg Kilogram Km Kilometer m Meter μg/m3 Microgram per cubic meter % Percent Draft Report List of Units March 2018 Page | 7 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project List of Acronyms DRM Disaster Risk Management EIA Environmental Impacts Assessment EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan GDP Gross Domestic Product GoP Government of Pakistan HSE Health, Safety and Environment IEE Initial Environmental Assessment IEE Initial Environmental Examination IFC International Finance Corporation NCS National Conservation Strategy NDMA National Disaster Management Authority NEAP National Environmental Action Plan NEP National Environmental Policy NEQS National Environment Quality Standards NGO Non-Government Organization NOC No Objection Certificate PDMAs Provincial Disaster Management Authorities PEPA 97 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 PEPC Pakistan Environmental Protection Council PID Provincial Irrigation Departments PMD Pakistan Meteorological Department PNS Pakistan National Committee Pvt Private WAPDA Water and Power Development Authority Draft Report List of Acronyms March 2018 Page | 8 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Introduction This chapter describes the project components, need and methodology for Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) of Monsoon Monitoring Center (MMC) in Islamabad. 1.1 Background Over the last two decades Pakistan has made considerable progress in reducing absolute poverty and improving shared prosperity, but most of the population remains poor or vulnerable. Between 1991 and 2011 the number of people with an income below $1.25 per day was more than halved;6 and between 2002 and 2011 the percentage of the population below the national poverty level fell from 34.7 to 13.6 percent.7 Nonetheless, nearly three-quarters of the population remain poor or vulnerable. A key dimension of social vulnerability in South Asia is exposure to hydrological and meteorological (hydromet) hazards including storms, floods, and droughts. Across South Asia, the number of disasters has quadrupled over the past four decades, causing over 800,000 deaths and US$80 billion in damages8—equivalent to an estimated 2–6 percent of GDP—and slowing economic growth and poverty reduction.9 Climate change is expected to have an adverse impact on Pakistan, as it ranks 7th on the climate risk index10. It continues to be one of the most flood- prone countries in the South Asia Region (SAR); it suffered US$18 billion in losses between 2005 and 2014 (US$10.5 billion from the 2010 floods alone), equivalent to around 6 percent of the federal budget.11 Hydromet hazards have been coupled with rapid population growth and uncontrolled urbanization, leading to a disproportionate and growing impact on the poor. The frequency and quantity of precipitation in Pakistan is becoming increasingly unpredictable. The severity of these hazards is likely to be exacerbated due to climate change. By 2030, annual average flood damages are projected to increase five-fold relative to 2010.12 In addition, these extreme weather events create vulnerabilities in major natural asset-based sectors. To build on recent development gains, increase economic productivity, and improve climate resilience, it will be critical to improve the quality and accessibility of weather, water, and climate information services. Climate-resilient development requires stronger institutions and a higher level of observation, forecasting, and service delivery capacity; these could make a significant contribution to safety, security, and economic well-being. 1.2 Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Government of Pakistan aims to implement the Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project (PHDSP) through Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) and National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). Co-financed by the World Bank and Government of Pakistan, the Project is proposed to be implemented over the course of 5 years. The Project expects to improve hydro-meteorological information and services, strengthen forecasting and 6 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/886791468083329310/Pakistan-Country-partnership-strategy-for-the-period- FY2015-19 7 Ibid. 8 Not including indirect losses. 9 World Bank Program Brief: South Asia Regional Program on Hydromet, Climate Services and Resilience (2017). http://www.worldbank.org/en/region/sar/brief/south-asia-hydrological-and-meteorological-hydromet-resilience-program 10 Global Climate Risk Index 2017 https://germanwatch.org/en/download/16411.pdf 11 World Bank (2015) Fiscal Disaster Risk Assessment Options for Consideration: Pakistan. Chapter 1, page 2. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/21920 12 http://floods.wri.org/#/country/170/Pakistan Draft Report Introduction March 2018 Page | 9 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project early warning systems, and improve dissemination of meteorological and hydrological forecasts, warnings and advisory information to stakeholders and end-users and strengthen the existing disaster risk management (DRM) capacity and services of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). The project has three main components: 1.2.1 Component 1: Hydro-meteorological and Climate Services This component will improve the capacity and performance of the PMD to understand and make use of meteorological and hydrological information for decision making. The objective will be achieved, in line with international best practices, through investment in strengthening institutional setup and building capacity of human resources at the PMD. 1.2.2 Component 2: Disaster Risk Management This component will support implementation of the priorities identified in the National Disaster Management Plan, NDMP Road-Map 2016-2030 and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Under this component, capacity enhancement of NDMA will be prioritized. NDMA will be responsible for implementation of the project and coordination with the key stakeholders, for project initiation and implementation of activities. Key stakeholder will be involved from the initial phase. 1.2.3 Component 3: Contingency Emergency Response Component Component 3 of the project focuses on the enhancement of the PMD and NDMA service delivery and building partnerships with the private sector. Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project is a national level project with interventions across Balochistan, KPK, Punjab and Sindh. This Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been prepared for the establishment of a Monsoon Monitoring Center (MMC) in Islamabad Capital Territory under sub-component 1.2.E – ‘Expansion and Refurbishment of PMD’s Operational Facilities’. Location of the sub-project with reference to Pakistan is marked on the map provided as Figure 1.1. Draft Report Introduction March 2018 Page | 10 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Figure 1.1: Map of Project Location MMC Location 1.3 Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) As the Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project is a national level project with interventions at possible locations across Balochistan, KPK, Punjab and Sindh, a framework approach was adopted for environmental and social management. Based on this approach, Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) and a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) was prepared to identify all potential but generic negative environmental and social impacts of project activities and propose mitigation measures. The ESMF provides basic screening criteria for selecting sub-projects and lists the instruments to be developed for each individual sub-project. Institutional arrangements, Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM), reporting and documentation requirements regarding environmental and social safeguards are addressed in detail in the ESMF. As per World Bank Operational Policy 4.10 on Environmental Assessment, the Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project is categorized as a ‘Category B’ project with site-specific, temporary impacts for which mitigation measures can be readily designed. 1.4 Preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Screening Environmental and Social Impacts screening checklists provided in the ESMF and approved by the World Bank, were used for preliminary screening of the Monsoon Monitoring Center to help in identification of impacts. Checklists were filled during field visits of the MMC site by the environment, social and resettlement experts. The environmental and social assessment/screening checklist is attached as Annexure 1. The checklist identifies the proposed subprojects as an urban area infrastructure development and established that: Draft Report Introduction March 2018 Page | 11 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ There is no land acquisition required for construction and rehabilitation work of proposed subproject sites â—¼ The associated environmental and social impacts of the proposed project are localized, confined to construction phase and are of temporary nature â—¼ The residing population will get benefits in terms improved weather forecast thus reducing the impacts of future floods and decreasing threats to their assets and lives. As no significant adverse impacts were identified, there is no need for further resettlement impact screening and development of resettlement action plans. Environmental and other social concerns associated with the construction phase of proposed subproject will be minimized and mitigated by adapting best practices for environmental protection proposed in this Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP). 1.5 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) This ESMP of Monsoon Monitoring Centre in Islamabad is in compliance with and consistent to the identified requirements in the ESMF. It entails a set of responses to potentially adverse impacts of the sub-project on physical, ecological and social environment, thus ensuring the effective implementation of mitigation measures in a timely manner. The primary objectives of the ESMP are to: â—¼ Identify the potential environmental and social impact of the project activities â—¼ Propose site specific measures to mitigate environmental and social impacts and facilitate the implementation of the identified mitigation measures â—¼ Propose and institutional structure and define responsibilities of the project proponents, contractor, and other members of the project team. â—¼ Define a monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters in order to ensure implementation and effectiveness of the mitigation measures. â—¼ Describe the capacity building and training requirements, along with a budget, for the implementation of the ESMP. 1.6 Project Justification Climate change is expected to have an adverse impact on Pakistan, as it ranks 7th on the climate risk index. It continues to be one of the most flood-prone countries in the South Asia Region (SAR); suffering US$18 billion in losses between 2005 and 2014 (US$10.5 billion from the 2010 floods alone), equivalent to around 6% of the federal budget. Hydromet hazards have been coupled with rapid population growth and uncontrolled urbanization, leading to a disproportionate and growing impact on the poor. By 2030, annual average flood damages are projected to increase five-fold relative to 201013. In addition, these extreme weather events create vulnerabilities in major natural asset-based sectors. Agriculture in Pakistan is severely exposed to climate and weather-related risks. The sector contributes 22 percent of GDP and 13 percent of national exports, employs 45 percent of the labour force, and is hugely reliant on irrigation—accounting for 95 percent of total national water use. The establishment of the 13 http://floods.wri.org/#/country/170/Pakistan Draft Report Introduction March 2018 Page | 12 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Monsoon Monitoring Center is likely to enhance the capacity of PMD by providing a higher level of observation, forecasting, and service delivery and contribute to the following: â—¼ Reduction in economic losses caused by floods; â—¼ Reduction in losses due to droughts and increased agricultural productivity; and â—¼ Increased efficiency of disaster risk management and food security interventions due to enhanced preparedness of targeted vulnerable communities. Draft Report Introduction March 2018 Page | 13 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Sub-Project Description Establishment of the Monsoon Monitoring Center (MMC) is proposed under Sub-Component 1.2E of Pakistan Hydo-Meteorological and DRM Services Project. The MMC will be established by the Pakistan Meteorlogical Department (PMD) and will improve hydro- meteorological information and services, strengthen forecasting and early warning systems, and improve timely dissemination of reliable weather, climate and hydrological information to stakeholders and end-users. This chapter provides a brief description of nature, size and location of the project. A defined scope of study, the magnitude of efforts and concise description of project proponent is also included in this chapter. 2.1 Sub-Project Proponent The project proponent in this document refers to the organization which will invest and be responsible for the project initiation, construction and safe operation. The project proponent for the Monsoon Monitoring Center is the Pakistan Meteorological Department. The PMD also known as Pakistan Met Office is an autonomous and independent institution tasked with providing weather forecasts and public warnings concerning weather for protection, safety, and general information. Apart from meteorology, it is also involved in monitoring as well as investigating weather phenomenon, astronomical events, hydrology, and research in astrophysics, climate changes, and studies on aeronautical engineering, renewable energy resources across various parts of the country. Headquartered in Islamabad, it has offices and research facilities in all provinces and territories of the country. 2.2 Sub-Project Location The proposed Monsoon Monitoring Center will be constructed within the premises of Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) complex in Sector H-8 Islamabad, Pakistan. The Google map image of the PMD complex and location of the sub-project site is provided in Figure 2.1. The sub-project site is located along the main road and has a graveyard across the road towards the east. Multiple office buildings of the PMD are located towards the south and west of the site. The residential complex of PMD is located behind the office buildings towards the west of the proposed site. North of the project site is the Margalla Hills, east is Shakar Parian, west is Sector H-9 and south is Sector I-8 of Islamabad. Recently a Weather Radar was installed and constructed by JICA in the same PMD complex with well demonstrated health and safety plan and execution of construction activities. The site is on land owned by the PMD and does not have any structures, encroachments or tree cover. Hence, construction of the MMC does not require any land acquisition or removal of structures or trees. Draft Report Sub-Project Description March 2018 Page | 14 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Figure 2.1: Proposed Site for Monsoon Monitoring Center 2.3 Sub Project Scope and Description In an initial need assessment, the establishment of Monsoon Monitoring Center was proposed due to lack of modern forecasting equipment and methods in the existing facility. The sub project activities covered under this ESMP include following: â—¼ Construction of Monsoon Monitoring Center (MMC) â—¼ Installation Automatic Weather Station â—¼ Operation of Monsoon Monitoring Center 2.3.1 Construction of Monsoon Monitoring Centre The proposed sub-project is likely to construct a multi-story building at the current office location of PMD. The construction duration will be approximately 30 months. . The construction work will have the following regime: â—¼ Site clearing and preparation for construction of the Monsoon Monitoring Center; â—¼ Civil work including laying of foundation and construction of multistory (4-5 floors) building complex with the height of 40-50 feet; â—¼ Civil works for AWS, concrete base; â—¼ Mechanical work including plumbing and equipment installation for the water, electricity and natural gas supply and distribution. Mechanical work will ensure that the equipment is installed, pre-commissioned, tested (if required) and commissioned in accordance with agreed contracts. Coordination with equipment suppliers is important task during construction.The water supply and distribution will be in compliance with water conservation techniques; â—¼ Electrical layout including installation equipment and supply of electricity designed to ensure energy conservation; â—¼ Backup Generator for the machinery and Solar Panel Installation on roof of the building; Draft Report Sub-Project Description March 2018 Page | 15 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project The proposed construction activities are provided in Table 2.1 along with a list of machinery. The construction work does not require deep excavation or use of heavy machinery like cranes. Construction vehicles will be parked in designated parking areas for machinery, stores and workshops at an appropriate distance from sensitive receptors like schools in the vicinity. Final locations will be selected by the contractor away from populated areas with consent of supervision consultant. As the sub-project site is located in the city of Islamabad, labour will be hired from surrounding areas and communities. Hence a labour camp will not be established at the sub-project site. Table 2.1: List of Construction Equipment and Machinery List of Construction Activities List of Machinery 1. Site clearing 1. Earth moving equipment 2. Removal of vegetation 2. Construction vehicles 3. General excavation 3. Material handling equipment 4. Grading general area 4. Construction equipment 5. Excavation for utility trenches 6. Placing formwork and reinforcement for concrete 7. Installing sewer lines 8. Installing other utilities 9. Pouring concrete 10. Piped utility materials 11. Water distribution 12. Power and communications 13. Site improvements 14. Landscaping 2.3.2 Installation of Automatic Weather Station The proposed AWS will consist of a weather-proof enclosure containing the data logger, rechargeable battery, telemetry (optional) and the meteorological sensors with an attached solar panel upon a mast. The specific configuration may vary due to the purpose of the system. The photograph of a typical AWS is given as Figure 2.2. The AWS will measure weather parameters with the following sensors: â—¼ Thermometer for measuring temperature; â—¼ Anemometer for measuring wind speed; â—¼ Wind vane for measuring wind direction; â—¼ Hygrometer for measuring humidity; â—¼ Barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure. Draft Report Sub-Project Description March 2018 Page | 16 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Figure 2.2: Typical Automatic Weather Station 2.3.3 Construction Materials The materials used in construction of the building would include coarse aggregates (crush), fine aggregates (sand), steel, water, asphalt, reinforcement, cement. Fine aggregates are locally available in the area, while the cement and steel will be procured from approved local vendors. The use of hazardous material like asbestos and those identified in the list of Hazardous chemical Rules 2003 will be banned. Special care will be taken for inflammable materials and fuel. 2.3.4 Manpower Requirements The manpower requirement during construction and operation of the project will be approximately 104 people including managerial staff, skilled and unskilled labour. The labour for construction activities will be hired from Islamabad, hence there will be no requirement for setting up a labour camp at the sub-project site. 2.3.5 Water Requirement The estimated water consumption of urban centers of Pakistan calculated by WASA is 72 gallon per person per day14. At present the total water consumption at the PMD complex is 7200 gallon per day. There will be an increase in water consumption during construction, specifically during civil works which are water intensive. The PMD has a ground water source and municipal supply of water. The requirements will be met from existing sources. It is suggested that a waste water treatment facility should be installed within the building to conserve water once functional. 14 Water and Sanitation Authority Report 2015 Draft Report Sub-Project Description March 2018 Page | 17 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 2.3.6 Waste Generation The estimated waste generation in Islamabad lies is 0.65kg per capita per day15. At present the waste generation from PMD office is 130 kg per day. There will be an increase of waste generation during construction, with a higher generation during site clearing and landscaping. 2.3.7 Electricity The electricity supply for the existing PMD office is from the national grid, therefore, the additional increase in the usage during construction will be met from the same source. However, installation of Solar Panels is proposed to meet the electricity demand during operations. 2.4 Sub-Project Alternatives 2.4.1 No Project Option In view of the vulnerability of the country to multiple disasters and climate-related risks, strengthening of Disaster Risk Management system in Pakistan is considered strategic in assisting the Government to achieve its national and global commitments, especially the Five- Year Development Plan of the Government of Pakistan (GoP), SDGs, Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) which among many other things, emphasize upon disaster-specific resilience in light of risk-informed development. The sub-project, by enhancing the capacity of PMD is likely to contribute to a reduction in economic losses caused by floods and droughts, increase agricultural productivity, and increase efficiency of disaster risk management and food security interventions due to enhanced preparedness of targeted vulnerable communities. The interdependency of various departments and organization on weather data is given in Figure 2.3. Figure 2.3: Weather Forecast Interlinkage among GoP Departments Similarly World Meteorological Organization is also dependent on Pakistan for country and regional specific climate data to assess the impacts of climate change. If no project option is 15 Sanitation directorate, CDA, Solid Waste Management Company (Country Report) Draft Report Sub-Project Description March 2018 Page | 18 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project considered, Pakistan will remain exposed to the risk of extreme climate events with continued loss to the lives and economy. Poor forecasting will impair major sectors of the economy. Following key sectors of the economy are directly dependent on dependent on weather forecast: Disaster Management National Disaster Management Authority and Provincial Disaster Management Authorities (PDMAs), and the country’s early warning system will be enhanced with reliable information. At present manual and rudimentary support is available that leaves enormous scope for diminishing the loss of lives, livelihoods and assets. Agriculture The Provincial Agriculture Departments (PADs) will benefit by improved information flow. Different forecast timescales from short-range to seasonal forecasts and agro-meteorological advisories are expected to enhance the productivity of farmers (more optimal planting and harvesting dates, reduced crop failure and post-harvest losses, more optimal use of inputs) leading to significant improvement in food security system; Energy Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA)/Ministry of Water and Power and Provincial Irrigation Departments (PIDs) will benefit from installation of Hydrological models applied for data analysis resulting in more efficient use of hydropower potential. No project option sustains the status quo which is not beneficial for the economy, vulnerable communities, and the state. In case there is no project, the objective of strengthening Disaster Risk Management system in Pakistan to assist the Government to achieve its national and global commitments will not be accelerated, which will result in continued vulnerability and economic losses for the country. 2.4.2 Project Site Alternatives Alternative project sites are considered when the project location is sensitive to environmental and/or social impacts associated either to the construction works or due to the operation of the facility constructed. This project currently suggests physical works to construct a Monsoon Monitoring Center and installation of an Automatic Weather Station at current location of PMD in Islamabad. The land for the MMC is available within the premises’ of existing PMD office. No site alternatives were considered due to: â—¼ The land allocated to PMD is availability at existing office. â—¼ The supporting infrastructure and technical equipment required for MMC exists at present location. â—¼ High cost of installation of associated equipment for MMC at another location and difficulty in data transferal was a major reason for site selection at existing office. â—¼ There are no environmental and/or social sensitivities within the identified area. Draft Report Sub-Project Description March 2018 Page | 19 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Legal and Policy Framework 3.1 Constitutional Provision Before 18th Amendment in the constitution of Pakistan, the legislative powers were with federal parliament and legislative assemblies of four provinces of Pakistan. If a particular legislation passed by the provincial assembly came into conflict with a law enacted by the national assembly, then according to constitution, the federal legislation will prevail over provincial legislation to extend the inconsistency. The subject of environmental pollution and ecology were in Concurrent Legislative List of the constitution thus allowing both federal and provincial government to enact laws on this subject. However only federal government has enacted laws on environment and the provincial environmental institutions derived their power from federal law. After the 18th amendment in 2010, the concurrent list has been abolished and a limited number of subjects on the list have been included in the federal legislative list, whereas, the provincial governments have been given powers to legislate on the subjects transferred to provinces. The provision of the 18th Amendment which has a direct impact on the subject of 'Environment' is section 101(3), whereby the Concurrent Legislative List and the entries thereto from 1 to 47 (both inclusive) have been omitted from the Fourth Schedule. The power to legislate and decide on the subject of “environmental pollution and ecologyâ€? now lies with the provincial government, however, climate change remains under federal jurisdiction. 3.2 National and Federal Laws 3.2.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA) is the apex environmental law in the country, and provides for the protection, conservation, rehabilitation and improvement of the environment, for the prevention and control of pollution, and for promotion of sustainable development. Section 12 of the Act requires preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) or Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) before commencement of projects likely to cause adverse environmental effects. 3.2.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE & EIA Regulations, 2000 These Regulations define procedures for preparation, review and approval of environmental assessments. The projects falling under any of the categories listed in Schedule-I require preparation of Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report, whereas those falling under categories listed in Schedule-II require preparation of detailed study, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). The project falls in urban development category I of IEE/EIA regulation thus requiring an IEE for Monsoon Research Center. If an IEE is conducted and submitted to the EPAs, it is shared with public by virtue of law. Therefore, disclosure requirements of both bank and local regulatory requirement will be fulfilled. Apart from that information about different projects under progress are monitored by the M&E Directorate and they publish some data on their website. The IEE/EIA Regulation 2000 is attached as Annexure 2. Draft Report Legal and Policy Framework March 2018 Page | 20 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 3.2.3 National Environmental Quality Standards, 2000 The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) will be followed. According to the World Bank policy compliance to all local statutory requirements is compulsory during project execution. NEQS first promulgated in 1993 and have been amended in 1995 and 2000. They have been revised and the latest NEQS were issued in 2010.These standards are also stringent with the International NEQs Regulation. â—¼ NEQS for Ambient Air – November, 2010 state the Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (9 parameters) in gaseous emissions from vehicle exhaust. â—¼ NEQS for Drinking Water Quality – 2010 describe the drinking water properties by outlining the defined physical and chemical parameters. â—¼ NEQS for Noise – November 2010 states the maximum allowable limit of noise arising from vehicles in decibels (dB) separately for day and night times. â—¼ NEQS for Waste Effluents –2000 states the Maximum allowable concentration of pollutants (32 parameters) in municipal and liquid industrial effluents discharged to inland waters, sewage treatment facilities, and the sea. These standards apply to the gaseous emissions and liquid effluents discharged by construction and post construction activities. The standards for vehicles will apply only during the construction phase of the subproject. Standards for ambient air quality have also been prescribed. The detailed NEQS are included in Annexure 3. 3.2.4 Environmental Protection Agency’s Environmental and Social Guidelines The Federal EPA has prepared a set of guidelines for conducting environmental and social assessments. The guidelines derive from much of the existing work done by international donor agencies and NGOs. The package of regulations, of which the environmental and social guidelines form a part, includes the PEPA 1997 and the NEQS. These guidelines are listed below followed by comments on their relevance to proposed project: Policy and Procedures for Filing, Review and Approval of Environmental Assessments, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, September 1997: These guidelines define the policy context and the administrative procedures that govern the environmental assessment process from the project pre-feasibility stage to the approval of the environmental report. The section on administrative procedures has been superseded by the IEE-EIA Regulations, 2000. Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, 1997: The guidelines on the preparation and review of environmental reports target project proponents and specify: â—¼ The nature of the information to be included in environmental reports â—¼ The minimum qualifications of the study consultants appointed â—¼ The need to incorporate suitable mitigation measures at every stage of project implementation â—¼ The need to specify monitoring procedures. The terms of reference for the reports are to be prepared by the project proponents themselves. The report must contain baseline data on the Study Area, detailed assessment thereof, and mitigation measures. Draft Report Legal and Policy Framework March 2018 Page | 21 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Guidelines for Public Consultation, Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency, May, 1997: These guidelines support the two guidelines mentioned above. They deal with possible approaches to public consultation and techniques for designing an effective program of consultation that reaches out to all major stakeholders and ensures the incorporation of their concerns in any impact assessment study. 3.2.5 The Antiquities Act (1975) It ensures the protection of Pakistan’s cultural resources. The Act defines “antiquitiesâ€? as ancient products of human activity, historical sites, or sites of anthropological or cultural interest, national monuments, etc. The Act is designed to protect these antiquities from destruction, theft, negligence, unlawful excavation, trade, and export. The law prohibits new construction in the proximity of a protected antiquity and empowers the GOP to prohibit excavation in any area that may contain articles of archaeological significance. Under the Act, the project proponents are obligated to ensure that no activity is undertaken in the proximity of a protected antiquity, report to the Department of Archaeology, GOP, any archaeological discovery made during the course of the project. 3.2.6 The Public Health (Emergency Provision) Act 1954 read with West Pakistan Epidemic Control Act 1958 These two laws cover the presentation and spread of human diseases, safeguarding the public health and providing and maintaining adequate medical services and other services essential to the health of the communities in the project area. 3.2.7 Explosives Act 1884 Under the Explosives Act 1884, the project contractors are bound by regulation on properly and securely handling, transporting and using explosive quarrying, blasting and other purposes. 3.2.8 Labour Law Constitutional Provision The Constitution of Pakistan contains a range of provisions with regards to labour rights found in Part II: Fundamental Rights and Principles of Policy. â—¼ Article 11 of the Constitution prohibits all forms of slavery, forced labour and child labour; â—¼ Article 17 provides for a fundamental right to exercise the freedom of association and the right to form unions; â—¼ Article 18 proscribes the right of its citizens to enter upon any lawful profession or occupation and to conduct any lawful trade or business; â—¼ Article 25 lays down the right to equality before the law and prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex alone; â—¼ Article 37(e) makes provision for securing just and humane conditions of work, ensuring that children and women are not employed in vocations unsuited to their age or sex, and for maternity benefits for women in employment. 3.2.9 Employment of Child Act, 1991 Article 11(3) of the constitution of Pakistan prohibits employment of children below the age of 14 years in any factory, mine, or any other hazardous employment. In accordance with this Draft Report Legal and Policy Framework March 2018 Page | 22 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project article, the ECA 1991 disallows such child labor in the country. The ECA defines a child to mean a person who has not completed his/her fourteenth year of age. The ECA states that no child shall be employed or permitted to work in any of the occupations set forth in the ECA (such as transport sector, railways, construction, and ports) or in any workshop wherein any of the processes defined in the act is carried out. 3.2.10 Islamabad Capital Territory Zoning Regulation 2005 The main administrative authority of the city is Islamabad Capital Territory Administration (ICT) with help from Capital Development Authority (CDA) which oversees the planning, development, construction, and administration of the city. Islamabad Capital Territory is divided into eight zones: Administrative Zone, Commercial District, Educational Sector, Industrial Sector, Diplomatic Enclave, Residential Areas, Rural Areas and Green Area. Islamabad city is divided into five major zones: Zone I, Zone II, Zone III, Zone IV, and Zone V. Out of these, Zone IV is the largest in area. Zone I consists mainly of all the developed residential sectors. Each residential sector is identified by a letter of the alphabet and a number, and covers an area of approximately 2 km × 2 km (1 1/4 mi × 1 1/4 mi). The sectors are lettered from A to I, and each sector is divided into four numbered sub-sectors. The project location falls in sector H-8 which lies in Zone I. The H sectors are numbered H-8 through H-17. The H sectors are mostly dedicated to educational and health institutions. National University of Science and Technology covers a major portion of sector H-12. 3.2.11 Motor Vehicles Ordinance, 1965, and Rules, 1969 The Motor Vehicles Ordinance, 1965, was extended in 1978, to the whole of Pakistan. The ordinance deals with the powers of motor vehicle licensing authorities and empowers the Road Transport Corporation to regulate traffic rules, vehicle speed and weight limits, and vehicle use; to erect traffic signs; and to identify the specific duties of drivers in the case of accidents. It also describes the powers of police officers to check and penalize traffic offenders at the provincial level. At the same time, the ordinance also empowers the Regional Transport Authority to operate as a quasi-judicial body at the district level to monitor road transport, licensing requirements, and compensations for death or injury to passengers on public carriers. 3.2.12 Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 The Pakistan Penal Code deals with offences where public or private property and/or human lives are affected due to the intentional or accidental misconduct of an individual or body of people. In the context of environment, the Penal Code empowers the local authorities to control noise, noxious emissions and disposal of effluents. Chapter XIV, Section 268 to 291 of PPC deals with the offences affecting the public health, safety, convenience, decency and morals. A Person may be guilty of public nuisance if his act or omission causes common injury, danger or annoyance to the public or results in spread of diseases dangerous to life. The section also deals with environmental pollution. Provisions under this Act relating to environment are no longer being enforced after promulgation of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997. The NEQS enforced by the EPAs supersede the application of this legislation on industries and municipalities. The Penal Code, however, can provide a basis for the client to coordinate its activities with the local authorities to ensure that its construction activities do not become a cause of public nuisance or inconvenience. Pollution offences can still be tried under the relevant sections of Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, as they have not been specifically repealed by a subsequent legislation. Almost all the offences are bailable. In certain cases police may arrest Draft Report Legal and Policy Framework March 2018 Page | 23 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project the violator without warrant, e.g., negligent act known to be likely to spread infection of any disease dangerous to life. 3.2.13 Building Code of Pakistan (Seismic Provisions-2007) The Pakistan Engineering Council governs the application of Building Code of Pakistan (Seismic Provisions-2007). Prior to the start of construction the proposed sub project will take design approval from PEC. This obligates the following: â—¼The provisions of the Building Code of Pakistan with Seismic Provisions-2007 shall apply for engineering design of buildings, like structures and related components. â—¼ Construction of buildings in violation of the Building Code shall be considered as violation of professional engineering work as specified under clause (XXV) of section 2 of the Act. The project will comply with the seismic provision during building design. 3.3 World Bank Safeguard Policies The objective of the World Bank's environmental and social safeguard policies is to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in the development process. These policies provide guidelines for the bank and borrowers in the identification, preparation, and implementation of programs and projects. Safeguard policies have often provided a platform for the participation of stakeholders in project design, and have been an important instrument for building ownership among local populations. This overall PHDSP Project is classified as “Category Bâ€? as per the World Bank OP 4.01 as the activities under the project would involve small scale constructions with temporary and reversible environmental and social impacts. OP 4.12 has been triggered for the overall project but is not relevant for this subproject as there is no land acquisition or displacement involved. Table 3.1 shows the World Bank Safeguard Policies applicable to PHDSP Project. Table 3.1: Safeguard Policies Applicability to PHDSP Subject Policy Applicable Remarks Reference Environmental OP/BP 4.01 Yes The project is categorized as Category B for Assessment its envisaged impacts. ESMF and ESMP is prepared accordingly. Natural Habitats OP/BP 4.04 No This OP is not applicable as project interventions are not likely to be carried out within or near sensitive habitats. Pest OP 4.09 No This OP is not applicable as project Management interventions are not likely to be carried out that require pest management Forestry OP 4.36 No This OP is not applicable since the sub- projects will not be located near or inside the protected forest. Safety of Dams OP 4.37 No This OP is not relevant since the proposed project does not involve construction of dams. Draft Report Legal and Policy Framework March 2018 Page | 24 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Subject Policy Applicable Remarks Reference Physical and OP/BP 4.11 No This OP is not applicable as there are no Cultural physical or cultural heritage sites within or Resources near the project area. However a grave yard is present at a reasonable distance from the MMC sub-project site. Involuntary OP/BP 4.12 No This OP is not applicable as there is no land Resettlement acquisition or removal of structure required. Indigenous OP 4.10 No There are no known indigenous people in the Peoples project area. Disputed Areas OP 7.60 No Project does not fall in disputed areas International OP 7.50 No Project does not fall in cross boundary waters Waterways Bank Disclosure BP 17.50 Yes Under the policy, the Bank would provide Policy access to more information about projects under preparation, projects under implementation, analytic and advisory activities and Board proceedings 3.3.1 OP /BP4.01 Environmental Assessment WB requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for their financing to help ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus to improve decision- making. The borrower is responsible for carrying out the EA. According to World Bank safeguards policies, projects shall be classified as one of the following three categories, depending on the nature and extent of potential environmental and social impacts: Category A: Projects of this type would have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area broader than the physical works. Category B: A proposed project may have some adverse environmental impacts, but less adverse than those of Category A projects. These impacts are typically site-specific, few if any have irreversible impacts, and in most cases mitigation measures can be readily designed. Category C: Projects of this type are likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. This project is classified as “Category Bâ€? as per the WB safeguards category. Under OP 4.01 this ESMF has been prepared which is defined in the OP as “An instrument that examines the issues and impacts associated when a project consists of a program and/or series of sub- projects, and the impacts cannot be determined until the program or sub-project details have been identified.â€? This ESMP is prepared in line with the requirements of the World Bank and the Project ESMF. OP 4.12 has been triggered for the overall project but is not relevant for this subproject as there is no land acquisition or displacement involved. Draft Report Legal and Policy Framework March 2018 Page | 25 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project The World Bank policies are included as Annexure 4 and screening checklist is included as Annexure 5. 3.3.2 World Bank Disclosure Policy The Bank reaffirms its recognition and endorsement of the fundamental importance of transparency and accountability to the development process. Accordingly, it is the Bank’s policy to be open about its activities and to welcome and seek out opportunities to explain its work to the widest possible audience. Draft Report Legal and Policy Framework March 2018 Page | 26 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline The baseline information related to the physical, biological environment and socioeconomic profile of the sub-project area where the proposed development would be carried out is presented in this chapter. 4.1 Sub-Project Area The sub-project will be implemented in Islamabad Capital Territory. The associated project infrastructure development includes the establishment of the Monsoon Monitoring Center (MCC) and Automatic Weather Station Islamabad. MCC will be constructed within the existing premises of the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) Sector H-8 Islamabad, Pakistan. Sector H-8 has been dedicated to education and commercial use by the Capital Development Authority (CDA). Map of Islamabad indicating Sector H-8 is provided as Figure 4.1 whereas Google map image of the sub-project site is provided in Figure 4.2. The project site is facing a graveyard and there are multiple office complexes parallel to the building. There is a PMD residential complex in the immediate vicinity. North of the project site is Margalla Hills, east is Shakar Parian, west is Sector H-9 and south is Sector I-8 of Islamabad. The road network in the urban area of Islamabad is designed to provide an effective transportation system that consists of highways, main roads and service roads. The project location is accessible from Pitras Bokhari Road via Ninth Avenue, and from Kashmir Highway and Islamabad Expressway. Recently a Weather Radar was installed and constructed by JICA in the PMD complex with well demonstrated health and safety plan of construction activities. 4.1.1 Land use of the Sub-Project Area Monsoon Monitoring Center will be constructed at the existing premises of PMD office. At present the project site is an enclosed land area covered with grass and local horticulture plants. There are no structures or trees on the sub-project site. The site is in a commercial area. The site is surrounded by constructed buildings and offices. There is a PMD residential complex on immediate west of the site. Islamabad Capital Territory is divided into eight zones: Administrative Zone, Commercial District, Educational Sector, Industrial Sector, Diplomatic Enclave, Residential Areas, Rural Areas and Green Area. Sector H-8 falls in Zone 1 of Islamabad which is developed residential sector however the sub categorisation of CDA has dedicated H-8 to educational institutes along with associated residential and commercial area. Zones of Islamabad with sectors including Sector H-8 are provided as Figure 4.2. Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 27 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Figure 4.1: Map of Islamabad Figure 4.2: Proposed Site for Monsoon Monitoring Center 4.2 Physical Environment The physical environment includes the abiotic component of the environment on which biological life is dependent to survive. The physical environment of the sub-project area is explained below: Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 28 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 4.2.1 Topography Islamabad is located on the northern edge of the Potohar plateau with an average elevation of 500 to 600 meters above sea level. The northern part of the metropolitan area is surrounded by Margalla Hills, a part of the lower and outer Himalayas, which also includes the Hazara and Kala Chitta Ranges. The area in and around Islamabad has a complex geological history of mountain formation, alluvial-loessic deposition and erosion cycles. In the west of the Potohar Uplands, the main depositions of loess are from the pleistocene period. Streams and ravines cut the loess plain, affected by gully erosion and steep slopes16. 4.2.2 Climate The climate of Islamabad is classified as sub-humid to sub-tropical continental, receiving rainfall from both monsoon and western disturbances and encountering hot summer and cold winters. Islamabad has distinct seasons marked by wide variation in temperature. Summer lasts from May to October with mean maximum and minimum temperature of 40 oC and 24 oC. Winter season is from November to March with mean maximum and minimum temperature of 17.7 o C and 2.6 o C. Monsoon precipitation occurs in July and August, with monthly average of 267 and 309 mm respectively. The wind direction is predominantly from north to southeast throughout the year, but in summer there are short spells of wind from north or south-east. Morning breeze is mostly from the west and the wind blows southwest. The map showing climate zones of Pakistan is given in Figure 4.317. Figure 4.3: Climate Zones of Pakistan 16 Environmental Geology of the Islamabad-Rawalpindi Area, Northern Pakistan Regional Studies of the Potwar Plateau Area, Northern Pakistan Edited by Peter D. Warwick and Bruce R. Wardlaw 17 World Köppen Classification (with authors) Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 29 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 4.2.3 Hydrology and Drainage . There are several tributaries of Nullah Lai, three major tributaries (Saidpur Kas, Tenawali Kas, and Bedarawali Kas) fall in the administrative jurisdiction of Islamabad. A sub-tributery of Saidpur Khas is in close vicinity of the project site is major source of water to nullah Lai. These tributaries originate from the Margalla Hills and fall into the Nullah Lai just upstream from Katarian Bridge on I.J.P Road, which is also the administrative boundary between Islamabad and Rawalpindi cities. Nullah Lai basin drains a total area of 235 km2 south of Margalla Hills, with 70% of the watershed falling within the territory of Islamabad and the remaining 30% within the downstream Rawalpindi municipal and cantonment limits. Stretching from the Margalla Hills at the north-western edge of Islamabad to the Soan River at south-eastern edge of District Rawalpindi, the length of Nullah Lai is about 45 km. The Korang River enters into Islamabad near Chattar Park and joins the Soan River near model village Humak. Rawal Lake/ Dam built on Korang River and provide potable water to Rawalpindi City (Figure 4.4). Figure 4.4: Nullah Lai and Tributaries 4.2.4 Natural Hazard Vulnerability The geotectonic movement of the whole region is related to the collision of the Indian tectonic plate with Eurasian plate and subsequent formation process of the Himalayan Ranges. The site for the MMC is exposed to earthquakes due to its geographical location.18 According to the National Seismic Monitoring Centre of Pakistan of the PMD, the site for the MMC falls under Seismic Zone-3 prone to moderate to severe damage, as shown in Figure 4.5. Horizontal and 18 Seismic Zoning of Pakistan, Haleem Zaman Magsi, NCGT Journal, v. 2, no. 2, June 2014. www.ncgt.org Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 30 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project vertical seismic forces transmitted to the support structures by the ground during earthquake may cause extremely high mechanical stress to engineering structures as well as roads, seismic adaptation which is primarily related to the appropriate design of support structures and connections between the units. Therefore, structural design of buildings will follow the building codes with seismic provisions specific to Zone 319. Flooding in the Nullah Lai basin occurs in the monsoon season (July to September) each year, however the flooding has been witnessed in Rawalpindi, therefore not impacting Islamabad. Figure 4.5:Seismic Zones 4.2.5 Surface Water Quality The surface water source close to project site is Rawal Lake situated at an aerial distance of 5 km. 21During a study water samples collected from the locations of Rawal and Simly lakes. Analysis of 21 pesticides residues in water samples was analyzed. The water was found to be contaminated with pesticides residue. In Rawal Lake samples average concentration of fenitrothion, 2, 4-DDT and diazinone was higher while in Simly Lake, the average concentration of 2, 4-DDT, diazinone and 4, 4-DDT was higher. Rawal Dam has built on the Korang river, water samples were collected from Korang canal and analyzed results shows that in Korang canal water samples 2, 4-DDT (2.14ug/l) was present in higher concentration which is greater than EU standards (1.65) of pesticide residues in water. There are approximately 170 poultry farms situated around the Rawal Lake and disposal of their waste in the lake catchment area. Some basic arrangements for disposal of poultry wastes have been made but these are unlikely to significantly delay or prevent the inflow of pollutants into the lake (Pakistan Environment Protection Agency, Ministry of environment, 2004).20 19 National Seismic Monitoring Center, Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) 20Analysis of Pesticides residue of Rawal and Simly Lake, Shazia Iram, Iftikhar Ahmad , Karam Ahad , Ashiq Muhammad and Sobia Anjum, 2009 Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 31 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 4.2.6 Groundwater Quality Ground water availability is limited in Islamabad and poses a severe problem for water supply. At the sub-project site, PMD is using the municipal water supply and has established their own water source through a groundwater bore that compensates the water outages in summer. The ground water depth in Islamabad is declining rapidly. The most steep decline was observed at tubewell No. 10/48 installed at the PCSIR laboratory, H-9. The level was measured at 20 metres in 1986, which recently was recorded to have fallen to the depth of 36.52 metres in 2001. 21. \ The ground water quality results from the sub-project site reveal no pollutants and parameters are within permissible limits of WHO and NEQS. The detailed results are provided in Annexure 7. 4.2.7 Ambient Air Quality and Noise The overall ambient air quality of Islamabad does not fall in the category22 of highly polluted cities. The monitoring for priority pollutants nearest to the project site including CO, NO2, SO2 and PM10 given in Annexure 8 are summarized as Table 4.1. The monitoring period was 24 hours at sampling point. The ambient air quality report indicates that all parameters are within permissible limits of NEQS and World Bank OHS. The noise level monitoring of 24 hours shown in Figure 4.6 indicates that the levels are within permissible limits of NEQS for residential area. Table 4.1: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring PMD Office (February 2018) Parameter Methodology Unit Monitoring LDL Average Limits As WHO Obtained Per NEQS Guideline Concentration Nitrogen Dioxide ISO 6768 ug/m3 24 Hrs 1.00 36.6 80 (ug/m3) 200 (NO2) 1-Hrs For 24 Hours (guideline) Average 1-Hrs Nitrogen Dioxide ISO 6768 ug/m3 24 Hrs 1.00 35.0 80 (ug/m3) 200 (NO2) 24-Hrs For 24 Hours (guideline) Average 1-Hrs Sulfur Dioxide 40 CFR 50 App. C (ug/m3) 24 Hrs 1.00 54.4 120 (ug/m3) 20 (guideline) (SO2) (US EPA) For 24 Hours 24-Hrs Carbon 40 CFR 50 App. C (mg/m3) 24 Hrs 0.01 1.14 5 (ug/m3) For – Monoxide (CO) (US EPA) 8 Hours Particulate Matter US EPA/ISO (ug/m3) 24 Hrs 2.00 81.71 150 ug/m3 50 (guideline) (PM10) 20501-4:2007 For 24 Hours 24-Hrs Particulate Matter US EPA/ISO (ug/m3) 24 Hrs 2.00 14.95 35 ug/m3 For 25 (guideline) (PM2.5) 20501-4:2007 24 Hours 24-Hrs Total Suspended US EPA/ISO (ug/m3) 24 Hrs 1.00 180.5 500 ug/m3 – Particles (TSP) 20501-4:2007 For 24 Hours O3 GSS (ug/m3) 24 Hrs 1.00 11.33 130 ug/m3 100 For 24 Hours (guideline) 8-Hrs Lead (Pb) 40 CFR 50 APP.B (ug/m3) 24 Hrs 0.01 <0.01 1.5(ug/m3) – For 24 Hours 21 Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources (PCRWR) 22 WHO Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database (updated 2016) the most polluted cities in the world, ranked". 2017-02-03. Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 32 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Figure 4.6: Noise Levels at Sub Project Site 4.3 Biodiversity and Ecological Environment Pakistan is essentially arid,24 except for the southern slopes of the Himalayas and the sub- mountainous tract where the annual rainfall varies between 760 and 1270 mm. Pakistan can be divided in to eleven ecological zones23.Islamabad falls in the tropical deciduous forest zone where the trees are deciduous Indo-malyan tropical species24. The most noticeable vegetative cover in the proximity of the sub-project site is Margalla Hills National Park (MHNP). It was given the status of National Park in 1980 to provide refuge to endangered wildlife such as the Leopard, Grey Goral, Barking Deer and pheasants (Cheer Pheasant). Located in the foothills of Himalayan range the Park is spread over an area of about 15,800 Hectares including Margalla Hills, Rawal Lake and Shakarparian. Margalla Hills are 5 kilometers north of the sub- project site, whereas Shakarparian is 800 meters east of project site. No concerns were raised by the Environment Wing CDA during construction of a recent Radar tower in the sub-project area. NOC from CDA will be obtained for the construction work in the area 4.3.1 Flora As the climate of Islamabad is sub-humid to sub-tropical, the vegetation of the area falls under scrub, dry, tropical thorn forest type as per phyto-geographical classification of the area; and subtropical, dry, broad leaved forests as per categorization of forests. the city is part of the Potohar Plateau, therefore, the vegetation is characteristic of the region. Kau (Olea cuspidate) is the climax species and grows almost in pure form on northern slopes and in cool and sheltered situations on the southern slopes. Elsewhere Phulahi (Acacia Modesta) dominates. Sanatha (Deodonia Viscosa), Granda (Carissa Spinatum) and Pataki (Gymnosporea Royaleana) and Kachnar (Bauhinia Shorea) grow as secondary species.25Forest of Islamabad are catagorised in Tropical Deciduous Forest Zone. The forests of this zone are in the Jhelum Valley, the foothills of Rawalpindi and the Margalla Hills. The trees are deciduous, Indo- 23 Animal Biodiversity of Pakistan, Z.B Mirza 2009 24 Biodiversity in Pakistan: Key issues, 2011 25 Illustrated Handbook of Animal Biodiversity of Pakistan, ZB Mirza 2006 Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 33 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project malayan, tropical species. These include the Kachnar Bauhinia Shorea, wild fig ficus sp., and amanitas Casia Fistule, Salmalia Malabarica, and Lannea Coromandelica. The undergrowth consists of Dodonia Viscosa, Woodfordia Fruticose and Carissa Spinarum. The map showing forest cover of Islamabad is given as Figure 4.7. With establishment of the city of Islamabad and urbanization of the region, the majority of original vegetation of the region has been removed and replaced by commercial and residential hubs. The sub-project site has no vegetative cover as it lies adjacent to PMD office building complex. There are no endangered species of flora in the project site and surroundings. Figure 4.7: Forest Cover of Islamabad26 4.3.2 Fauna Islamabad falls in Tropical Deciduous Forest Zone. Due to the extensive urbanization of the area and heavy construction, wild animals have mostly migrated to the surrounding Margalla Hills. Animals of this zone are similar to subtropical pine forest zone with the addition of the barking deer and grey goral28. The mammals of Margalla Hills National Park include leopards Panthera pardus, barking deer Muntiacus muntjak, grey goral Aemorhedus gora and rhesus monkey, while birds include cheer pheasant Catreus wallichii, Monal pheasant, Koklas. However, animals such as wild boar Sus Scrofa, jackals Canis aureus, fox Vulpes vulpes, rats Rattus, hare Lepux and porcupines Hystrix indica are present in the extensive and densely wooded green belts of the city. Wild boars, jackals and fox venture onto the city roads during the night.27 Several bird species of the tropical thorn forest ecozone and some from the lower zones breed in Islamabad. These include the alexandrine parakeet Psittacula Eupatria, rosefinged parakeet Psittacula Krameri and the blossom-headed parakeet Psittacula Cyanocephala. The pied crested cuckoo Clamator Jacobinus and the common hawk cuckoo Hierococcyx Varius also breed here. Both are brood parasitic on other birds. Their diet consists of insects, caterpillars 26 Survey of Pakistan 2012 27 An Annotated Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Margalla Hills National Park, Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 43(6), 2011. Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 34 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project and fruit. The sirkeer cuckoo or malkoha Phaenicophaeus leschenaultil is not brood parasitic.28 The paradise flycatcher, rusty-cheeked scimitar babbler, red-headed long-tailed tit and the Kashmir nuthatch breed here as well. The Oriental white-eye Zosterpos Palpebrosa forages in flocks of from 35 to 40 birds. It takes nectar from flowers and also eats small insects and larvae. The isabelline shrike Lanius Isabellinus, rufous-backed shrike great grey shrike the ashy or grey drongo, India free-pie the Himalayan or grey tree-pie and the brahminy myna Sturnus Pagodarum are also found in this zone.18 Rawal Lake, which is the only attraction for these and migratory birds, is located close to the sub-project, within a 10 km radius. It is a small artificial lake with surface area of 8.8 km2 and live storage capacity of 43,000 acre feet of water. The reservoir is of considerable importance for migratory water fowls especially Mallard (Anas pllatyrhynchos). Migratory birds from Siberia prefer to stay at major wetlands in Sindh or Southern Punjab. However, some residual birds also make a temporary stay at Rawal Lake. These migratory birds include Herons, Ducks, Terns, Cormorants, Grebes, and Storks. List of birds most commonly found in Islamabad and can be encountered in Margalla Hills and Rawal Lake area is given in Annexure 929. 4.3.3 Protected Areas The Margalla Hills National (MHNP) Park is 5 km north of the sub-project site. The park includes the Margalla Hills, along with Shakarparian Park and Rawal Lake. Established in 1980, the MHNP covers approximately 17,386 hectares. The park is rich in biodiversity, especially in Sino-Himalayan fauna, and is home most notably to gray goral, barking deer and the Leopard. MHNP is home to around 600 plant species, 250 bird varieties, 38 mammals and 13 species of reptiles. The Margalla Hills are a popular tourist destination, with Daman-e-Koh and Pir Sohawa, Shakarparian and Lake View Park serving as popular picnic spots. A portion of the Margalla Hills National Park is a protected forest and is managed by Environment Wing, CDA. .30 The establishment of the MMC will not have any impact on the Margalla Hills National Park. 4.4 Socioeconomic Profile 4.4.1 Political and Administrative Setup The District Administration was established in 1980 in Islamabad for an administrative system with judicial and administrative control over the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT). The Local Government institutions in ICT area therefore are slightly different from those of other districts in Pakistan. The Islamabad Capital Territory is spread over an area of 906 sq. km., and is divided into three segments; â—¼ Islamabad Urban area including institutional and industrial area, covering 220 sq.km â—¼ Islamabad Park occupying 220 sq.km, and 28 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2015, Government of Pakistan 29 A field guide to Birds of Pakistan, ZB Mirza 2012 30 Handbook on Environmental Data and Information by UNDP 2008 Government of Pakistan (2005), Compendium of Environmental Statistics of Pakistan, Bureau of Statistics, Islamabad Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 35 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ Islamabad Rural area measuring 466 sq.km. The rural area of Islamabad encompasses 132 villages and administratively consists of 12 Union Councils. 4.4.2 Demography The total population of Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) reported by the 2017 Population Census31 is approximately 2 million with an annual growth rate of 4.91 percent. Additional population statistics from the 2017 Census have not been published yet. The sex ratio, proportion of males for every 100 females, was 117 recorded in the 1998 Census; 118 in rural area and 122 in urban areas. According to the 1998 Census, the population of ICT is predominantly Muslim, 95.5%, followed by Christians 4.07 %. Hinduism accounts for 0.02% of the population, and other minorities 0.03%. The total number of life time in-migrants in Islamabad Capital Territory is 49.4% of the population. Of the total district migrants 88.1% came from Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and KPK, 6.6% from federally administered areas, and 5.4% were Pakistani repatriated from other countries. There is large number of Afghan population in the city without Pakistani identities and are considered illegal migrants. The sub-project site at PMD in sector H-8 is a thinly populated area apportioned for educational facilities and government offices. The only residential areas present are allocated for government staff including PMD. 4.4.3 Literacy and Education The literacy rate of Islamabad is 87%32. Of the literate population, 9.8% achieved intermediate education (equivalent to grades 11 and 12), 10.26% have a bachelor or equivalent degree while 5.2% have a master or equivalent degree.33 Education in Pakistan is overseen by the Federal Ministry of Education and the provincial governments, whereas the federal government mostly assists in curriculum development, accreditation and in the financing of research and development. Article 25-A of Constitution of Pakistan obligates the state to provide free and compulsory quality education to children from age 5 to 16 years. Islamabad has one of the most advanced educational institutes in the country, with a large number of public and private sector educational institutes. The higher education institutes in the capital are either federally chartered or administered by private organisations. High schools and colleges are either affiliated with the Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education or with the UK universities education boards, O/A Levels, or IGCSE. There are a number of educational institutions near the project site that include Beaconhouse School, Saint Gabrial School, Preston University and City School. Detailed stakeholder consultations were carried out with these educational institutes. 4.4.4 Health A network of government hospitals and basic health units is operational in Islamabad Capital Territory. The major health facilities available in ICT are Federal Government Services Hospital, Capital Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Children Hospital, 31 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Government of Pakistan; www.pbs.gov.pk 32 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics 2011 33 The province-wise literacy rate in Pakistan and its impact on the Economy Abdul Rehman a, *, Luan Jingdong a, **, Imran Hussain, 2016 Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 36 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project National Institute of Health and Shifa International Hospital. There are also 35 (ICT) Dispensaries, Maternal Child Hospital (MCH), 03 Rural Health Centers and 13 Basic Health Units in rural area. The health network of ICT is better in comparison with other areas of the country, with PIMS receiving a large number of patients from the northern parts of Pakistan. Other than government hospitals, private hospitals and clinics are present to fulfill the needs of the public. The nearest heath care facility to the sub-project site is the private Shifa International Hospital that can be reached in 2 minutes case of emergency. 4.4.5 Occupation The project site and surrounding residents are employed in schools, government offices and have their own businesses. As it is the capital city of Pakistan, a large proportion of the population works in government offices and departments, as well as the corporate sector. The unemployment rate in Islamabad Capital Territory was reported as 15.7%. Detailed statistics for Islamabad on occupations is not available. 4.4.6 Industry CDA has allotted 450 Industrial plots in I-9 and I-10 sectors of Islamabad, and the Kahuta Industrial Triangle. The city has 11 main markets in addition to the Industrial and Trade Centre as well as Blue Area.. 4.4.7 Archaeological, Religious and Cultural Resources The nearest religious asset to the site is a graveyard at a distance of 200 meters east of the sub- project site. Important religious and cultural heritage sites of Islamabad Capital Territory are: â—¼ Shrines: There is a shrine of Syed Mehar Ali Shah of Golra Sharif located in Sector E- 11 of Islamabad. Devotees assemble here on the occasion of annual Uris. Another famous shrine is Shah Abdul Latif Kazmis popularly known as Bari Imam. The death anniversary (Uris) of Bari Imam is observed in the first week of May beginning Monday through Thursday with festivities representing the Potohar culture, and attracting people from all over the country. â—¼ Mosques: Shah Faisal Mosque, is situated in Islamabad, which is one of Asia’s largest 34 mosques was designed by a renowned Turkish Architect, Vedat Dalokay and named after late King Faisal of Saudi Arabia. 34 https://thewondrous.com/worlds-top-20-largest-mosques/ Draft Report Assessment of Environmental and Social Baseline March 2018 Page | 37 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Stakeholder Consultations The participation of project stakeholders in project planning, design and implementation is now universally recognized as an integral part of environmental impact assessment. The World Bank guidelines on disclosure of information and stakeholder participation lay emphasis on enforcing the mechanism in every stage of project execution. The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 Section 12(3) highlights that “every review of an environmental impact assessment shall be carried out with public participation.â€? United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in 1992 endorsed the process of stakeholder participation and consultation as one of the key documents of the conference Agenda 21. Stakeholders are groups and individuals that are affected by or can affect the outcome of a project. As part of the Environmental Assessment (EA) process, stakeholder consultations are undertaken with primary as well as secondary stakeholders. 5.1 Purpose of Stakeholder Consultations The purpose of stakeholder consultations is to ensure meaningful and adequate consultation with all affected or interested stakeholders in project planning processes. The ESMP preparation followed a participatory planning process with local inputs on decision–making and mitigation measures to ensure that their concerns are addressed at the project design stage. 5.2 Consultation Process The consultation process followed for the project is detailed below: 5.2.1 Identification and Classification of Stakeholders The identification of stakeholders is important for the sustainability of a development project and helps to evaluate and envisage the role of stakeholders. The Stakeholders Analysis refers to the Project Affected Personal (PAPs)/ local community, associated departments/agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and others, whose assets/land, business, structures, installations, interests may be impacted due to the project activities. The influence or impact of stakeholders on the project is elaborated in the form of a matrix and the mitigation measures are proposed accordingly. The stakeholders that are likely to be influenced by the sub-project activities or would like to participate in the sub-project will include: Government Organizations; â–ª WAPDA â–ª Provincial Irrigation Department â–ª Federal Flood Commission â–ª Provincial Agriculture Department â–ª Ministry of Climate Change â–ª Global Change Impact Study Center â–ª National Agriculture Research Council â–ª Provincial Agriculture Departments Draft Report Stakeholder Consultations March 2018 Page | 38 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Inhabitants of the sub project surrounding areas â–ª Pakistan Meteorological Department â–ª St. Gabriel’s School â–ª Riphah International University â–ª Beaconhouse School System â–ª Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) â–ª Pakistan Institute of Trade and Development â–ª WAPDA Administrative Staff College â–ª National Transport Research Center â–ª Regional Training Institute â–ª Residential Colony of Pakistan Meteorological Department Project beneficiaries â–ª NDMA â–ª PMD â–ª Civil Aviation Authority â–ª People of Pakistan 5.2.2 Classification of Stakeholders Project Stakeholders are classified as primary and secondary stakeholders depending on the influence of the sub-project activities: â—¼ Primary Stakeholders: People, groups or institutions directly affected by the project and can influence the project outcome. â—¼ Secondary Stakeholders: People, groups, or institutions that are indirectly affected by the project and can influence project delivery process. The list of stakeholders compiled according to the category is shown in Table 5.1. Table 5.1: List of Stakeholders Primary Stakeholder Secondary Stakeholder Pakistan Meteorological Department Civil Aviation Authority St. Gabriel’s School WAPDA Riphah International University Provincial Irrigation Department Beaconhouse School System Federal Flood Commission Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) Provincial Agriculture Department Pakistan Institute of Trade and Development Ministry of Climate Change Draft Report Stakeholder Consultations March 2018 Page | 39 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Primary Stakeholder Secondary Stakeholder WAPDA Administrative Staff College Global Change Impact Study Center National Transport Research Center National Agriculture Research Council Regional Training Institute Provincial Agriculture Departments Residential Colony of Pakistan Meteorological Department 5.2.3 Consultation Methodology One to one meetings were conducted with the primary stakeholders. Sessions were informal to encourage friendly environment, comfortable enough for participants to express their concerns, questions and opinions about the project activities in addition to seeking clarification regarding the project. Survey team highlighted the potential benefits of sub-project implementation and documented any aspects, which need to be covered in detail during the execution stage. The meetings progressed in the following manner: â—¼ A brief sub-project description was provided to the stakeholders. â—¼ Stakeholders were given the opportunity to raise queries or concerns regarding the sub- project. â—¼ Queries were responded to and concerns were documented. The sensitive social receptors within 1km of radial distance consulted are included as Table 5.2. Map of the Consultation Locations is given in Figure 5.1. Draft Report Stakeholder Consultations March 2018 Page | 40 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 5.2: List of Stakeholders Consulted Stakeholder Name of Stakeholder Designation of Contact Representative Stakeholder Number Representative St. Gabriel’s School Mrs Tariq Head Teacher 0333 519 6167 Riphah International University Syed Anis Ahmed Manager Operations (051) 492 2161-5 Beaconhouse School System Mr Sajjad Rizvi Deputy Manager, 0334 539 6621 Administration Captain Aslam Shah Administrator 0333 5515880 Pakistan Environmental Ehsan Rafi Kiyani Deputy Director, EIA (051) 925 0716 Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) Pakistan Institute of Trade and Saud Jaan Assistant Project 0332 926 1465 Development Director WAPDA Administrative Staff Eng Khalid Mehmood Chief Engineer/Principle (051) 925 0345 College Qureshi National Transport Research Javed Iqbal Assistant, NTRC (051) 925 0259 Center Abdul Qadeer Assistant, Administration Regional Training Institute Dr Alveen Principle (051) 925 0341 Residential Colony of Pakistan Waheed Sheikh Resident (051) 925 0367) Meteorological Department Muhammad Ashfaq Resident 0300 897 1654 Wazir Baig Resident Figure 5.1: Location of Consulted Stakeholders near Project Site Draft Report Stakeholder Consultations March 2018 Page | 41 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 5.2.4 Consultation Findings/ Concerns Consultations were carried out with all stakeholders identified in Table 5.3. As the construction activities will be carried out on government owned land, stakeholders did not express any major concerns. Consultation record and photographs are added in Annexure 10 and concerns are summarised in Table 5.3. Table 5.3: Stakeholder Concerns Stakeholders Consulted Concerns Response Location: Islamabad Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Project Concerns to be Respondents: has several components managed by various addressed by partners. There is high risk that incompletion or non- project Hazrat Mir, Deputy performance at one component will impact the other management Director General/ Chief components. Thus affecting the sustainability of the Meteorologist project. It is suggested to provide PMD autonomy for Mr Jan Muhammad completion of project components. Khan, Director Planning No separate funds should be allocated for equipment Mr Aleem ul Hassan, training; the provision should be made in the Deputy Director contractual requirement of manufacturer installing Pakistan Meteorological the equipment for the whole project. Department Required experts for various components of the project should be hired locally. If international consultant is needed, there should be open competition among local and international experts. The project budget has more than 40% budget for Concerns to be experts needed from the World Bank. The budget addressed by estimation should take in to account project management The provision of climate specific data needed for Component has climate change assessments should be included in the been included in project. the sub-project NOC from CDA and local authorities should be Provision made in taken prior to construction work. ESMP The AWS should be installed in government owned Location of AWS land in a guarded locality to avoid damage to the is inside PMD equipment. office Cost of land acquisition (if required) should be made Land acquisition is part of the project. not required for this sub-project Construction activities may increase dust pollution in Mitigations for the vicinity of the sub-project. To avoid dust Ambient air and pollution, the trucks should be covered and the Noise pollution location where the excavated soil will be dumped have been should be sprinkled. proposed in this ESMP There may be noise and disturbance during construction activities. Mitigation measures should be adopted to avoid noise pollution. Draft Report Stakeholder Consultations March 2018 Page | 42 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Stakeholders Consulted Concerns Response Location: Islamabad Sub-project induced traffic could lead to congestion Traffic Stakeholders within 1 km of the roads and existing traffic pathways. The management has radius of sub-project site contractors should avoid school timings. been proposed in at PMD this ESMP Stakeholders: The influx of labour due to the sub-project can cause Security clearance St. Gabriel’s School security problems. Labour hired should be security will be made cleared. Riphah International University The stakeholders do not have any objection on the Positive Beaconhouse School establishment of Monsoon Monitoring Center. The System new project will help to improve the forecast and early warning. Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak- IEE should be conducted for the proposed project. Provision has been EPA) Monitoring reports be shared for review and made in ESMP Pakistan Institute of appraisal with Pak-EPA. Trade and Development WAPDA Administrative Staff College National Transport Research Center Regional Training Institute Residential Colony of Pakistan Meteorological Department Draft Report Stakeholder Consultations March 2018 Page | 43 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation This section discusses the potential and localized environmental impacts that may arise from the project activities and the mitigation measures proposed to avoid, minimize and reduce these impacts. 6.1 Impact Assessment Approach To screen, identify and evaluate the impacts, the nature, extent, duration, scale and other parameters of the sub-project activities are to be studied along with conditions of the environmental and social baselines. Following approach has been adopted for impacts identification, assessment and mitigation. Figure 6.1: Approach to Identify, Assess and Mitigate Impacts The construction of Monsoon Monitoring Centre is likely to improve the current infrastructure and service delivery of PMD leading to improve disaster management capability. It is a smaller scale construction sub-project with low and reversible impacts on environmental and social receptors. 6.2 Sub-Project Area of Impact The project area of impact includes immediate area and wider area surrounding the construction location. 6.2.1 Immediate Area of Impact The immediate area of impact includes the area surrounding the construction site that may likely have major impact due to the project activities. The immediate area of impact may include but is not limited to the following: â—¼ Sub-project Site location, and 1km radial distance including schools and institutions around the sub-project area (construction site) Figure 6.2. â—¼ Access Roads Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 44 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ PMD Residential Colony Figure 6.2: Sensitive Receptors in Immediate Area of Impact 6.3 Impact Assessment Approach The construction of MMC involves various activities which may temporarily impair various components of the physical and ecological environment of the area. Proposed mitigation measures will reduce the impacts to negligible by enabling offsets and pollution abatement technologies. The proposed mitigation measures are based on the magnitude of the impact, sensitivity and behavior of the environmental and social receptors at the project site, regulatory requirements, and best management practices. The potential impacts have been analyzed in Table 6.1 impact assessment framework. Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 45 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 6.1: Impact Assessment Framework Impacts on Project Impacts on Physical Environmental Ecological Impacts on Social Environment Activities Environment Loss of land holdings and Public Health, Safety and Archaeological resources Water/ Electricity /Gas / Cultural/religious and Surface Water Quality Electromagnetic Field Groundwater Quality Biodiversity /Ecology Ambient Air Quality Traffic Management Health and Safety of Ambient Noise level Fuel Consumption Drinking Water Employment Soil Erosion Solid Waste livelihood Economy Land use Workers Climate security Fauna Flora Design Phase (Monsoon Monitoring Center) Technology M- M- M- H M- M- M- M- selection Building design M- M- M- H Construction Phase (Monsoon Monitoring Center) Site clearing M- M- M- M- M- M- M- M- M- L- H- M- M- H+ and preparation Civil work including M- M- M- H- M- M- M- M- M- L- H- M- M- H+ laying of foundation Mechanical work for the water and natural gas M- M- M- H- M- M- H+ supply, distribution and drainage. Electrical M- M- M- H- M- M- H+ Layout Backup generator for M- M- M- H- M- M- H+ the machinery Solar panel installation at H+ H+ H- H+ H- H+ H+ roof top Installation of M- M- M- M- L- L- L- M- H+ H+ Weather Radar Cleaning and H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ Restoration Operations/ Post Construction Phase MMC M- M- M- M- M- H+ H+ Note: H- = High Negative Impact; H+ = High Positive Impact; M- = Moderate Negative Impact; M+ = Moderate Positive Impact; L- = Low Negative Impact; L+ = Low Positive Impact. Blank=None Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 46 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 6.4 Mitigation Guidelines and Best Practices Mitigation measures proposed in this section are based on international best practices and guidelines. The principal World Bank publications that contain environmental and social guidelines are listed below. â—¼ Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines prepared by International Finance Corporation and World Bank in 200735. â—¼ Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook 1998: Towards Cleaner Production36. â—¼ Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume I: Policies, Procedures, and Cross- Sectoral Issues.37 â—¼ Social Analysis Sourcebook38. 6.4.1 Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) IFC General Guidelines39 The Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines are technical reference documents with general and industry-specific examples of Good International Industry Practice (GIIP). When one or more members of the World Bank Group are involved in a project, these EHS Guidelines are applied as required by their respective policies and standards. These General EHS Guidelines are designed to be used together with the relevant Industry Sector EHS Guidelines which provide guidance to users on EHS issues in specific industry sectors. The proposed sub project does not fall in sector specific guidelines therefore EHS general guidelines will be applicable to the pre-construction, construction and post construction activities are given in Table 6.2. The construction contractor will follow the applicable guidelines including 1.1 to 1.8, 2.1to 2.9 and 3.1 to 3.7.. 35http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/sustainability-at-ifc/policies- standards/ehs-guidelines 36http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/758631468314701365/Pollution-prevention-and-abatement-handbook-1998- toward-cleaner-production 37http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/223391468174870007/Environmental-assessment-sourcebook-volume-1- policies-procedures-and-cross-sectoral-issues 38 http://web.worldbank.org/archive/website01028/WEB/0__CO-15.HTM 39 http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B- 2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 47 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 6.2: IFC/World Bank General EHS Guidelines 6.4.2 World Bank Environmental Code of Practices The World Bank Environmental Code of Practices (ECoPs) is to address less significant environmental impacts and all general construction related impacts of the proposed project implementation. The ECoPs provide guidelines for best operating practices and environmental management guidelines to be followed by the contractors for sustainable management of all Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 48 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project environmental issues. The list of ECoPs relevant to this sub-project are provided below. Detailed ECoPs can be found in Annexure 6. â—¼ ECP 1: Waste Management â—¼ ECP 2: Fuels and Hazardous Substances Management â—¼ ECP 3: Water Resources Management â—¼ ECP 4: Drainage Management â—¼ ECP 5: Soil Quality Management â—¼ ECP 6: Erosion and Sediment Control â—¼ ECP 8: Air Quality Management â—¼ ECP 9: Noise and Vibration Management â—¼ ECP 10: Protection of Flora â—¼ ECP 11: Protection of Fauna â—¼ ECP 13: Road Transport and Road Traffic Management â—¼ ECP 15: Cultural and Religious Issues â—¼ ECP 16: Workers Health and Safety 6.5 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts during Design and Mitigation The design phase activities of the sub projects include the infrastructure design, site selection and preparation for civil works. The associated impact of Monsoon Monitoring Center (MMC), Islamabad on ecological, physical and human environment is given below. 6.5.1 Biodiversity and Natural Resource None of the sub-project activities will be of a harmful nature to biodiversity and natural resources as the sub-project site is not located in an environmentally sensitive location The project site for MMC is within a urban location with negligible wildlife, and is at a reasonable distance from critical and sensitive receptors including reserve forests, national parks, wetlands, marine protected areas and wildlife sanctuaries. Similarly, there are no sensitive habitats present within the sub-project site that support endangered mammal or bird species. Hence impact on flora and fauna is negligible. The sub-project site may require vegetative clearing during site preparation therefore mitigations consistent with ECP 10 Protection of Flora and ECP 11 Protection of Fauna are proposed in the design phase to avoid maximum damage. Mitigation Measures â—¼ Incorporate technical design measures to minimize unnecessary removal of trees and vegetative cover; â—¼ Plan for compensatory planting of eight trees against each fallen tree of similar floral function; â—¼ Disallow introduction of invasive/ exotic species; and recommend native species for plantation. Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 49 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 6.5.2 Earthquake The sub-project site is in Zone 3 of seismic zonation prone to earthquakes. The earthquake of 2005 caused damage to a number of engineering structures in Islamabad, hence, the impact is likely to be high in case of a natural disaster like earthquake. Mitigation Measure â—¼ The building design will be earthquake resistant according to Building Codes of Pakistan with Seismic provision and international best practices to avoid damage caused by earthquake; â—¼ Variety of structural engineering measures or structural components like shear walls, braced frames, moment resisting frames, and diaphragms, base isolation, energy dissipating devices and bracing of non-structural components will be added in building designs. Simpler techniques include avoiding soft stories and bolting the sill plate of houses to the foundation; â—¼ Primary focus of earthquake design is initial life safety and getting people out of the building safely, not necessarily the ability of a building to withstand the effects of an earthquake, or to ensure occupancy or functionality following an event. Therefore building design will include emergency exits and alarm system. 6.5.3 Water /Electricity/ Natural Gas/ Fuel Consumption There will be an increase in resource consumption due to construction work and subsequently project operations due to increase in staff. It will pose a pressure on water and energy resources of the project area of interventions. The impact is likely to be moderate as the sub-project buildings and tower will host more than 200-500 officials. Mitigation Measures â—¼ international best practice will be engaged for design provisions to be followed for water, electricity and natural gas conservation; â—¼ Water meters will be made part of the design in each building to monitor the consumption; â—¼ Design of buildings will include installation of Solar Panels; â—¼ Provision of Low Voltage electrical appliances will be made in procurement procedures; â—¼ Prepare Energy and Water Conservation Plan for construction. 6.5.4 Air Quality and Noise Levels Sub-project activities associated with construction may increase the ambient air quality and noise levels at the sub-project sites. The noise and air pollution sources include site clearing, construction machinery, generators, civil and mechanical work. The impacts are likely to be high, especially on the surrounding residential areas and educational institutes. Mitigation measures in line with ECP 8 Air Quality Management and ECP 9 Noise and Vibration Management will include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ Air quality and noise level baselines will be established to enable monitoring during construction phase; Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 50 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ Provision of compliance to NEQS of vehicular emission will be made in the contract of construction contractor, and SOP’s of PMD vehicles; â—¼ Locations of Batching Plant, concrete mixers and other noise generating equipment will be identified away from residents; â—¼ Contractor shall prepare an Emissions Monitoring Plan to ensure constant checking of emissions by construction machinery and vehicles with operations and maintenance plan for the same; â—¼ Traffic Management Plan for construction will be formulated during design phase that enable continuous traffic flow and avoid congestions which result in increased vehicle smoke density at a given area; â—¼ Plan to neutralize dust emissions from construction activity, such as regular watering of sub-project sites to settle dust; â—¼ Hazardous material list not to be used in construction will be made part of the contract. 6.5.5 Solid Waste Management Improper solid waste disposal can result in increased air pollution through burning of waste, vector borne diseases, contamination of water sources and ambient aesthetics for surrounding communities. Mitigation measures in line with ECP 1 Waste Management and ECP 2 Fuels and Hazardous Substances Management will include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ Prepare a detailed Solid Waste Management Plan for construction site, minimising use of plastics and encourage recycling â—¼ Identify current municipal systems of waste management or private waste disposal services; â—¼ Placement of waste collection containers throughout the project area; â—¼ Disallow the burning of any of type of waste; â—¼ Prepare plans for the safe handling, storage and disposal of harmful materials and hazardous waste. 6.5.6 Workers Health and Safety Use of heavy machinery and handling of chemicals by workers can result in health impacts and accidents. Mitigation measures in line with ECP 16 Workers Health and Safety include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ Prepare a Workers Health and Safety Plan for the construction phase. 6.6 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation-Construction Phase The potential impacts associated with the construction of MMC are elaborated below: 6.6.1 Landscape/Soil Existing land use of the MMC project site is an open space adjacent to the PMD office building being used for landscaping. There will be no drastic change in the landscape during Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 51 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project construction as the sub-project site is a plain terrain surrounded by buildings. Construction at site is likely to carry out site clearance, vehicular, labour and machinery movement causing soil erosion and compaction. There is also a potential for contamination of soil via runoff from construction activities including oil spills, construction material, dredged / spoil materials and construction waste. The impact is likely to be moderate, however, it be will be confined to construction site and phase. Mitigation measures in line with ECP 4 Drainage Management, ECP 5 Soil Quality Management and ECP 6 Erosion and Sediment Control will include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ Safe drainage of run-off from construction activities will be ensured; â—¼ Removal of vegetation and trees will be avoided to the extent possible; â—¼ Water will be sprinkled during construction to avoid soil erosion and dust pollution; â—¼ Construction materials will be stored in proper stores on impervious sheets to avoid any soil contamination; â—¼ Machinery and vehicles will be operated at designated routes to avoid traffic congestion, control emmissions etc. ; â—¼ Visual Inspection will be carried out for land contamination and dust emissions; â—¼ The soil contaminated from minor and moderate spills will be removed and will be handed over to waste contractor for treatment at nearest incineration facility at Attock refinery Rawalpindi; ; â—¼ Major spills may require specialized treatment such as incineration, bioremediation and biodegradation. The biological agents will be introduced to the spill to hasten biodegradation. Most of the components of oil will be broken down by bacteria and other microorganisms into harmless substances such as fatty acids and carbon dioxide. To stimulate the growth of the microorganisms, fertilizing nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous will be placed near the oil tanks. 6.6.2 Ambient Air Quality and Climate The construction activities at MMC will cause adverse impacts on air quality. Cement mixers (Batch Plant), movement of the machinery and soil excavation may release particulate matter 2.5/10 and fugitive dust which will deteriorate ambient air quality in the vicinity of the sub- project site. Construction vehicles and generators are likely to generate dust and exhaust emissions such as oxides of Carbon (COx) Oxides of Sulphur (SOx), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx). Impact on local air quality is Moderate as a result of gaseous emissions and particulate matter. The construction work is not likely to impact the climate of the area, however, there will be minimal increase in GHG emission from above mentioned sources. Mitigation Measures Following NEQS and ECP 8 Air Quality Management as performance indicators; â—¼ Contractor shall execute the Emissions Monitoring Plan to ensure constant checking of emissions by construction machinery and vehicles with operations and maintenance plan for the same; â—¼ Water will be sprinkled twice a day to avoid fugitive dust emissions; â—¼ Contractor shall execute the Traffic Management Plan to enable continuous traffic flow and avoid congestions which result in increased vehicle smoke density; Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 52 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ Construction machinery and vehicles will be kept in good conditions to avoid vehicular emissions. Vehicular and generator exhaust emissions will be monitored to ensure compliance; â—¼ Unnecessary movement of vehicles will be avoided at the construction location; â—¼ Open burning of solid waste from the construction site should be strictly banned; 
 â—¼ Wind breaks /barriers (either natural or constructed) will be deployed to reduce the possibility of suspended particles in air; â—¼ Raw materials such as cement, gravels and sand will be kept under sheet covers to prevent air flow; â—¼ In order to further reduce the environmental impact of Cement Works (Concrete Batching Plant), the concrete batching plant will incorporate the following design and practices: â?‘ Cement will be transferred directly from trucks to the construction site â?‘ All mixing will be in the enclosed electric motor driven plant mixer, NOT in trucks. â?‘ Truck loaded with concrete will be in wet form. â?‘ All washing water used by the batch plant and storm water will be collected and stored and recycled for re-use. â?‘ No water will be discharged outside the construction boundary. â?‘ Concrete recycling machine be used to recycle waste material to slurry water and aggregates for reuse. 6.6.3 Surface/Ground Water Resources Surface water source in close vicinity to MMC is a storm water drain (nullah) leading to Naullah Lai. Construction activities may encourage soil erosion and increase the sediment loads into the city drainage, while accidental leaks/spills of oil/fuel from storage tanks or maintenance vehicles can also pollute surface waters. Construction waste and oil spills, if left unattended will result in forming leachate that will percolate through the soil strata and may contaminate the groundwater table. The sources of contamination and wastewater may likely be from the following sources: â—¼ Disposal of construction waste and solid waste from worker camps into the water channel; â—¼ Possible oil spills from fuel storage area; â—¼ Surface runoff due to rainfall causing blockage of drainage; â—¼ Used oil, paints, cleaning solvents and other chemicals may generate liquid hazardous wastes. â—¼ Wastewater from temporary sanitation facilities for the workers may also result in contamination of subsoil water. - The impact is likely to be moderate as the construction site is 500 meters away from the drainage channel. Mitigation measures in line with ECP 3 Water Resources Management and ECP 4 Drainage Management include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ Debris Management Plan; the contractor will ensure that construction debris does not find its way into the drainage or water channels which may get clogged; Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 53 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ Prohibit washing of machinery and vehicles in surface waters,; â—¼ ; â—¼ All fuel storage will be properly marked to highlight their contents with a concrete pad underneath to prevent contamination in case of leaks or spills. Daily monitoring will be carried out for leaks. Shovels, plastic bags, and absorbent material will be placed near fuel and oil storage or handling areas to attend spills and leaks; â—¼ Used oil and vehicle related waste will be transported to local contractors for recycling or reuse; â—¼ Proper disposal of solid and sewage waste from workers sanitation facilities to ensure it is not disposed in the drainage channel. 6.6.4 Water /Electricity/ Natural Gas and Fuel Consumption There will be an increase in water, electricity, natural gas and fuel consumption from the baseline during construction causing increase in total GHG emissions form the project sites. Preparation of sand, cement mortar, curing of walls before and after plastering require a large amount of water that may reduce the availability of water in residing area. The impact is likely to be moderate. Mitigation Measures â—¼ Contractor will execute the Energy and Water Conservation Plan â—¼ Water meters will be installed at sub-project site to monitor water consumption; â—¼ Construction staff will be trained on water conservation practices to avoid excessive loss; â—¼ Water required for construction should be obtained in a way so that water availability and supply to residing area remains unaffected; â—¼ Approval will be attained from CDA prior to construction work. 6.6.5 Solid Waste Generation During construction phase, solid waste can be generated from discarded equipment parts, scrap metals, equipment boxes, wood parts, empty bags, and leftover construction debris. The excavated material may also be considered as solid waste as it would require disposal. Solid waste will also be generated from workers facilities at the construction sites. The sub-project location in Islamabad is already under the management of Municipal Corporation of Islamabad (MCI) for solid waste. Waste collection and disposal mechanism in place will be used for the maximum allowable waste. The construction material and waste may contain hazardous/toxic chemical materials banned as per international best practices. They may include: â—¼ Asbestos (pipe covers flooring and building material) â—¼ Lead (Roofing material and pipes) â—¼ Cadmium (used as corrosion resistant agent in steel) â—¼ Polyvinyl Chloride (pipes) â—¼ VOCs (formaldehyde in form solvents, paints, synthetic coating cause ) â—¼ Silica (in various building material-exposure causes lung cancer) â—¼ Wood preservatives (Creosotes and Arsenic) Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 54 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ Halogenated flame Retardants (mixed in concrete construction material) Mitigation measures in line with ECP 1 Waste Management and ECP 2 Fuels and Hazardous Substances Management include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ Solid Waste Management Plan will be executed by Construction Contractor. In case of the occurrence of toxic/hazardous chemical materials, it will be handled according to hazardous waste management best international practices. The Waste Management Plan will be prepared with following provision: o Solid waste collection, segregation, storage and disposal will be carried out for waste generated. For at source segregation separate waste bins will be placed at sub-project sites. Recyclable material will be segregated whereas non- hazardous waste will be disposed-off at approved disposal site; o Labeling of containers will be carried out including the identification and quantity of the contents, hazard information; o Marking of Hazardous/toxic waste ‘if generated’ separately and disposal using international best practices through registered contractor; o Used oil will be collected in separate containers stored on impervious platform with restricted access and must be sold to licensed contractor; o Burning of solid and waste oil should be strictly prohibited o Training of workers will be carried out in the storage and handling of materials and chemicals that can potentially cause soil contamination; o Emergency Response Plan will be prepared to address the accidental spillage of fuels and hazardous/toxic material, fire, vandalism and natural hazards; â—¼ On completion of the construction phase of the project, the contractor will be required to rehabilitate the site. Rehabilitation will include removal of all construction materials and wastes, and the grading and landscaping of all exposed sites that may be prone to erosion. Where natural erosion protection measures may not be possible or practical, suitable physical erosion protection methods will be used. The purposes of site rehabilitation will be to minimize the potential for soil erosion, enhance the aesthetic appearance of the site and restore safe public access to the surrounding area. 6.6.6 Noise Levels Noise is one of the aspects which may cause hearing impacts on workers and communities in immediate vicinity especially during morning office/school hours and at night time. The construction activities are likely to generate high noise levels. The sources of noise in construction are provided as follows: â—¼ Asphalt Plant â—¼ Construction and excavation work such as heavy earth moving equipment/ machinery, pilling work, welding, cuttings, drilling, grinding. â—¼ Material loading/offloading vehicles and other transport used by construction contractor. â—¼ Use of pressure horns. Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 55 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project The sub-project construction activities are restricted to a confined area within the site. Impact of noise is likely to be moderate from baseline noise levels (60-70dB). The impact will be high to the workers and moderate to the residents not causing hearing loss. Table 6.2 details the impact of noise at various levels. Mitigation measures in line with ECP 9 Noise and Vibration Management will include: Table 6.3: Noise Impact40 No Noise level dB Impact 1 60 Hearing damage in 8 hours 2 80 Hearing damage in 8 hours 3 85 Hearing damage in 2 hours 4 100 Hearing damage in 2 hours 5 110 Hearing damage in 30 min 6 120 Hearing damage in 7.5 min 7 130 Pain threshold 8 150 Hearing damage in 30 sec 9 300 Complete hearing loss Mitigation Measures â—¼ The location for stationary noise sources like asphalt plant, grinding, drilling and welding machinery will be selected at a reasonable distance from residing population. The cement tankers will be working inside enclosure with cladding to reduce noise; â—¼ The construction material loaders will only operate during night time as per rules of traffic police in Islamabad. Working hours will be allocated for the use of batch plant, equipment and other machinery; â—¼ School time and late night construction activities will be avoided; â—¼ Use of noise barriers in locations next to schools; â—¼ Blowing of horn will be strictly prohibited; â—¼ Noise monitoring will be carried out at various locations using noise meters. Site labour working in high noise areas including asphalt plant, grinding and welding machinery, where noise level exceeds 85 dB (A), will wear earplugs and ear muffs; â—¼ Measures will be taken to maintain noise level of 55 dB at day and 45 dB at night time. 6.6.7 Flora and Fauna Since the sub-project location is in urban areas, there are no potential impacts on local flora and fauna. It is entirely build up area with no evidence of sensitive fauna or flora. However, the construction may require clearing of vegetation. The ecological impacts of the project are not likely to be beyond the immediate footprint of the construction site. Mitigation â–ª Planting of eight trees for every tree cut during construction; 40Source: Urbanization and Sustainable Cities 100: Environmental Science,International Science, 5th edition (1991) Cunningham Saigo Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 56 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â–ª Do not introduce invasive or exotic species through plantation. 6.6.8 Public Health and Safety Construction activities and movement of heavy vehicles at construction sites and access service roads may result in road side accidents, particularly with the residents who may not be familiar with the presence of heavy equipment. Roads and streets, particularly in urban areas may also be blocked during construction. The MMC is located near schools and there will be a movement of school children in the vicinity during certain hours of the day. Mitigation Measures â—¼ Use signage to inform general public of construction area and its limits â—¼ Train drivers operating heavy vehicles in road and pedestrian safety; â—¼ Set appropriate speed limits to avoid accidents; â—¼ Use of heavy vehicles on public roads will be avoided during hours when students are coming to school or leaving school; â—¼ Placement of construction and diversion signage, particularly at urban areas and at sensitive/accident-prone spots, in accordance to a Public Safety Plan; â—¼ Provision of alternate routes for use by the public will be planned. 6.6.9 Workers Health and Safety Use of heavy machinery and handling of hazardous waste and chemicals may result in health impacts for workers on the construction site. Presence of asbestos in old and new building material is hazardous to health. Mitigation Measures In accordance to the Workers Health and Safety Plan, ensure: â—¼ The workers have full access to health facilities and emergency response centers (fire, earthquake and floods) and police station. In case of emergency, the injured will be taken to the nearest medical facility, Shifa International Hospital. â—¼ Provision of clean drinking water will be ensured for the construction crew; â—¼ Hygiene inspections will be carried out to avoid disease epidemic; â—¼ In case of unlikely incidents (fire, vandalism) the workers will be evacuated and emergency response and law enforcement agencies will be engaged; â—¼ Fire safety alarms will be installed at various locations; â—¼ Fire extinguishers will be placed at various locations including a water hose installation at ground level; â—¼ Fire safety and emergency response trainings will be conducted; â—¼ Hazards indicator signs and firefighting equipment will be installed; â—¼ The construction crew will be trained on important aspects of workplace safety; â—¼ Construction machinery operators and drivers will be trained to avoid associated accidents using machines and vehicles; â—¼ Flammables and other toxic materials will be marked and stored at secured sites; Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 57 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ Onsite first aid kits will be kept at construction sites and randomly moving vehicles\machinery. â—¼ Do not allow workers with inadequate training to operate heavy machinery; â—¼ Provision of appropriate and high quality Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers such as gloves, vests, hard-hats, masks etc.; 
 â—¼ Train workers in the use of PPE and safety measures while using heavy machinery and handling chemicals. â—¼ Follow guidelines for Asbestos and Asbestos based product use in construction (Annexure 11) 6.6.10 Physical /Cultural/ Archeological Resources The sub-project location has a graveyard across the road. Excavation work during construction may result in the uncovering of ancient sites or artifacts. Impact is likely to be low. In line with ECP 15 Cultural and Religious Issues, mitigation measures include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ The construction work will be stopped at the time of the funeral and burial at the grave yard. â—¼ Construction staff will be trained and informed on identifying the evidence of archaeological/historic remains; â—¼ In case evidence of archaeological remains is found during construction activities, the actions listed below will be undertaken. o Excavation work in the vicinity of the find will be stopped; o Assistance will be sought from the nearest office of the Department of Archaeology and Museums to identify the remains; o If the department decides to salvage the find, PMD will provide assistance. o Detailed procedure for Archaeological Chance Finds included in Annexure 12. 6.6.11 Traffic Management The sub-project site for the MMC is in an urban area close to social sensitive receptors like schools, colleges, offices and hospitals. The construction work may likely impact the traffic flow. Increase the traffic flow will occur as a result of: â—¼ Use of trucks for movement of construction material to project site; â—¼ Mobilization and use heavy equipment for construction; This slight increase in traffic may also cause accidental injuries, deteriorate ambient air quality and generate noise. It may also cause restrictions to access, traffic congestion and nuisance to the general public. Mitigation measures in line with ECP 13 Road Transport and Road Traffic Management will include: Mitigation Measures â—¼ Contractor will execute the Traffic Management Plan. â—¼ Vehicles will be inspected prior to start of construction work. Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 58 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â—¼ Alternate routes will be created to avoid disturbance to schools and hospital; â—¼ Movement of construction equipment will be limited to specific duration when there is least disturbance to the residing offices and nearby schools; â—¼ Adequate road signs will be erected to warn general public; â—¼ The contractor will be advised to follow vehicular maintenance to reduce engine noise; â—¼ Drivers will be trained to follow the designated routes and avoid honking; â—¼ The construction trucks will be adequately covered with tarpaulin covers to avoid flow into air. 6.6.12 Positive Socioeconomic Impacts The proposed project will have following positive socioeconomic impacts: â—¼ The forecasting monitoring center will evaluate the data covering North and south Punjab which is an area of agricultural productivity. It is likely to enhance rainfall forecasting which will eventually improve the agriculture sector by providing information on the rainfall pattern. â—¼ Tremendous loss of lives and livelihoods occurred in 2010 flooding. Improved rainfall forecasting can minimize the loss caused by flash flooding and excessive rainfall. The objective of the center is to provide the users with a better forecast to plan ahead and disseminate the information to avoid loss of lives. â—¼ The data will be used by with ministry of defense, disaster management authorities, civil aviation and Pakistan air force. Enhanced weather forecasting will help them in smooth operation reducing the damages due to unpredicted weather changes. â—¼ Proposed project will create jobs in addition to providing desired data to various sectors. 6.7 Potential Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation -Operations 6.7.1 Air Quality and Climate AWS will pose no impact on climate however MCC is likely to hire additional staff which will result in an increase in number of vehicles entering the sub-project area. This will lead to increased vehicular emissions during sub-project operation that may pose potentially negative impacts on the air quality of the area if not mitigated properly. Similarly, in absence of solar panels backup generators may cause emissions. Emissions may carry over long distances, depending on wind speed and direction, the temperature of the surrounding air, and atmospheric stability. If no mitigation measures adopted, the impact is likely to be moderate. Mitigation Measures â—¼ The project staff will be advised to car pool and use and local transport; â—¼ Provision of pick and drop for staff to avoid additional load on air quality; â—¼ Vehicles with excessive smoke emissions should not be allowed to enter the sub-project locations. Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 59 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 6.7.2 Surface/ Ground Water The MMC and AWS in Islamabad is not likely to cause contamination of water bodies and groundwater, siltation of surface water resources and alterations in drainage pattern. CDA is responsible for the drainage and sewerage system. The sewerage water from the existing buildings enters the city sewerage drains. The sewerage lead to the surface water Nullah and surface water drains that are heavily polluted. Several municipalities in Islamabad including DHA and Baharia treat the water in primary treatment plant to make it reusable for landscaping. The sub-project is not likely to impact ground water, however, the impact on surface water through sewerage is likely to be moderate. Mitigation Measures â—¼ Ensure sewage is directed into municipal drains leading to sewerage treatment plant. 6.7.3 Solid Waste There will be an increase in solid waste generation due to additional building maintenance and staff employed for the sub-projects. Sub-project site is located in areas where solid waste collection is provided by the municipality. However, these systems have been known to be unreliable resulting in open dumping of waste in nearby channels and green areas. Hazardous waste will include rechargeable batteries from the AWS and solar panels. Mitigation Measures The mitigation measures include: â—¼ Decrease solid waste going to landfills by segregating at source with labeled dust bins for biodegradable, non- biodegradable and recyclable products; â—¼ Disposal of biodegradable to the municipality for treatment; â—¼ Clearance of reusable and recyclable waste to certified recycling companies; â—¼ Recycle rechargeable batteries through certified companies. 6.7.4 Electricity/ Water /Natural Gas /Fuel Consumption There will be an increase in electricity, water, natural gas and fuel consumption as the MMC is likely to hire staff. In absence of solar panels the electricity consumption will have high impact; if the proposed design recommendation for solar panel is included then the building will be self-sustainable. Mitigation Measures â—¼ Water meters will be installed to assess the water consumption and water sensors at taps to avoid the wastage in case of leakages; â—¼ Plumping system will be checked and maintained on monthly basis; â—¼ Installation of Korean technology toilets that enable the reuse of sink water in WC will be ensured. Similarly in Korea most buildings have waste water treatment plants installed in the basement for water conservation; â—¼ The staff of PMD will be trained on water conservation; â—¼ Use of solar panels to generate electricity Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 60 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 6.7.5 Biodiversity and Ecological Impacts (Flora and Fauna) In the absence of sensitive ecological receptors, the operation of MCC is not likely to impact on biodiversity and ecology of the area. 6.8 Environmental and Social Mitigation and Management Plan (ESMMP) ESMMP is a tool to manage and monitor environmental impacts and specifically focuses on implementation of mitigation measures on ground against likely environmental and social impacts. The activities related to the sub-project will be managed and monitored according to the management plan elaborated in this chapter. 6.8.1 Purpose and Objectives of the ESSMP The primary objectives of the ESMP with respect to project activities are to: â—¼ Define the responsibilities of the sub-project proponent and sub-project partners during design, construction and operations phase (institutional and organizational arrangements) to ensure effective communication of environmental and social issues; â—¼ Define the responsibilities of the sub-project proponent and contractors to comply with the mitigation measures against every potential impact discuss in the ESMP. â—¼ Define a monitoring mechanism, identify monitoring parameters and training requirements in order to ensure the effectiveness of the mitigation measures and provide a plan for implementation of training session and monitoring plan; â—¼ Provide a mechanism for taking timely action against any unanticipated environmental situations; â—¼ Identify the resources required to implement the ESMP and outline the required budget. 6.8.2 Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan (ESMMP) The ESMMP is summarized in Table 6.3. Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 61 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 6.4: Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria Design Phase At the time Construction 1. Incorporate technical design measures to minimize of design Environmental Project designs The project sites MMC unnecessary removal of trees and vegetative cover; preparation Safeguards Implementation Tree count Biodiversity and and AWS may require 2. Plan for compensatory planting of eight trees against At the time Specialist – Units (PIU) Compensatory ESMP Natural Resources clearing of vegetation each fallen tree of similar floral function; of design PIU, Design Design Tree Plantation Contractor for site clearing. 3. Disallow introduction of invasive/ exotic species; and finalization Contractors Plans recommend native species for plantation. Tree Species 1. The building design will be earthquake resistant according to Building Codes of Pakistan with Seismic provision and international best practices to avoid damage caused by earthquake; ESMP 2. Variety of structural engineering measures or Building Sub-project Environmental Codes of structural components like shear walls, braced design maps with Safeguards Pakistan with frames, moment resisting frames, and diaphragms, The Sub-project site is base isolation, energy dissipating devices and bracing PIU incorporation of Specialist – Seismic in Zone 3 prone to of non-structural components are proposed. Simpler building code for At the time PIU, Provision Natural Disasters Zone 3 of design natural disasters techniques include avoiding soft stories and bolting Design Contractor, using including earthquakes. the sill plate of houses to the foundation; Contractors Construction Project earthquake 3. Primary focus of earthquake design is initial life contractor ToRs Directors Zone 3 safety and getting people out of the building safely, PMD standards for not necessarily the ability of a building to withstand identified the effects of an earthquake, or to ensure occupancy project sites or functionality following an event. Therefore building design will include emergency exits and alarm system. Water /Electricity/ There will be an 1. International best practice will be engaged for design Design provision At the time ESMP Natural Gas/ Fuel increase in provisions to be followed for water, electricity and PIU Environmental for water, of design Green Consumption natural gas conservation; Safeguards infrastructure utilities/ electricity, natural Building Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 62 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria resource consumption 2. Water meters will be made part of the design in each Design gas and fuel Specialist – Council due to construction building to monitor the consumption; Contractors conservation PIU, guidelines / work. 3. Design of buildings will include installation of Solar Design international Panels; Contractors best Practices 4. Provision of Low Voltage electrical appliances will be made in procurement procedures; 5. Provision of pick and drop will be made part of sub- project design to manage the resource consumption including fuel and reduction in GHG emissions. 6. Prepare Energy and Water Conservation Plan for construction 1. Air quality and noise level baselines will be established to enable monitoring during construction phase; 2. Provision of compliance to NEQS of vehicular emission will be made in the contract of construction Preparation of Project activities Emissions associated with contractor, and SOP’s of PMD vehicles; Monitoring Plan, ESMP construction may 3. Locations of Batching Plant, concrete mixers and Traffic ECP 8, 9 increase the ambient air other noise generating equipment will be identified Air Quality and Management Plan At the time Environmental quality and noise levels away from residents; NEQS for PIU, and Site Safeguards Noise Levels of the at the sub-project 4. Prepare Emissions Monitoring Plan of design Ambient Air Design contactor Management Plan Specialist – sites. The impacts are 5. Traffic Management Plan for construction will be PIU, Quality and likely to be high. formulated during design phase that enable Construction Noise. continuous traffic flow and avoid congestions which contractor ToRs result in increased vehicle smoke density at a given area; 6. Construction Site Management Plan to neutralize dust emissions from construction activity, such as regular watering of sub-project sites to settle dust to be included in ToRs of Civil Works contractor. Improper solid waste Solid Waste At award of Environmental Solid Waste 1. Solid Waste Management Plan will be executed by PIU Management disposal can result in Construction Contractor. In case of the occurrence of Management Plan construction Safeguards ESMP toxic/hazardous chemical materials, it will be handled Design Contract Specialist – increased air pollution Contractual ECP 1 through burning of according to hazardous waste management best international Contractors PIU, binding on Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 63 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria waste, vector borne practices. The Waste Management Plan will be prepared with prohibited use of Hazardous diseases, contamination following provision: Hazardous Substance of water sources and a. Solid waste collection, segregation, storage and disposal will Material for Rules 2003 ambient aesthetics for be carried out for waste generated. For at source segregation construction separate waste bins will be placed at sub-project sites. ToRs surrounding contractor (CC) Recyclable material will be segregated whereas non- communities. The hazardous waste will be disposed-off at approved disposal Construction impacts are likely to be site; contractor ToRs high. b. Labeling of containers will be carried out including the identification and quantity of the contents, hazard information; c. Marking of Hazardous/toxic waste ‘if generated’ separately and disposal using international best practices through registered contractor; d. Used oil will be collected in separate containers stored on impervious platform with restricted access and must be sold to licensed contractor; e. Burning of solid and waste oil should be strictly prohibited f. Training of workers will be carried out in the storage and handling of materials and chemicals that can potentially cause soil contamination; g. Emergency Response Plan will be prepared to address the accidental spillage of fuels and hazardous/toxic material, fire, vandalism and natural hazards; 2. On completion of the construction phase of the project, the contractor will be required to rehabilitate the site. Rehabilitation will include removal of all construction materials and wastes, and the grading and landscaping of all exposed sites that may be prone to erosion. Where natural erosion protection measures may not be possible or practical, suitable physical erosion protection methods will be used. The purposes of site rehabilitation will be to minimize the potential for soil erosion, enhance the aesthetic appearance of the site and restore safe public access to the surrounding area. Use of heavy PIU At award of Workers Health 1. Prepare a Worker Health and Safety Plan for the Worker Health ESMP machinery and handling Design Construction Social and Safety construction phase and Safety Plan Safeguards ECP 16 of chemicals by Contractors Contract Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 64 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria workers can result in Specialist – health impacts and PIU, accidents. The impacts are likely to be high. Construction Phase 1. Safe drainage of run-off from construction activities will be ensured; 2. Removal of vegetation and trees will be avoided to the extent possible; Construction at sites is 3. Water will be sprinkled during construction to avoid likely to carry out site soil erosion and dust pollution; clearance, vehicular, 4. Construction materials will be stored in proper stores labour and machinery on impervious sheets to avoid any soil contamination; movement causing soil 5. Machinery and vehicles will be operated at Environmental erosion and designated routes to avoid traffic congestion, control Safeguards compaction. There is Visual inspections emissions etc. ; and photographic Specialist – also a potential for 6. Visual Inspection will be carried out for land PIU, contamination of soil record of site contamination and dust emissions; Construction clearing and oil PMIC ESMP Landscape/Soil via runoff from Daily 7. The soil contaminated from minor and moderate Contractor spills. ECP 5,6,8 construction activities Construction spills will be removed and will be handed over to including oil spills, waste contractor for treatment at nearest incineration Water sprinkling Contractor construction material, facility at Attock refinery Rawalpindi; ; dredged / spoil materials and 8. Major spills may require specialized treatment such as incineration, bioremediation and biodegradation. construction waste. The biological agents will be introduced to the spill Impact on soil quality to hasten biodegradation. Most of the components of is Moderate in case of oil will be broken down by bacteria and other the spill. microorganisms into harmless substances such as fatty acids and carbon dioxide. To stimulate the growth of the microorganisms, fertilizing nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous will be placed near the oil tanks Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 65 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria 1. Contractor shall provide an Emissions Monitoring Plan to ensure constant checking of emissions by construction machinery and vehicles; Contractor should provide an operations and maintenance plan for the same; 2. Water will be sprinkled twice a day to avoid fugitive dust emissions; 3. Construction machinery and vehicles will be kept in good conditions to avoid vehicular emissions. Vehicular and generator exhaust emissions will be monitored to ensure compliance; The construction 4. Unnecessary movement of vehicles will be avoided at activities at sub-project the construction location; sites will cause impact 5. Open burning of solid waste from the construction on air quality, cement site should be strictly banned; Ambient Air Environmental mixers (Batch Plant), 6. Wind breaks /barriers (either natural or constructed) Quality Safeguards ESMP Ambient Air movement of the will be deployed to reduce the possibility of Construction monitoring for Specialist -PIU Quality and machinery, generators suspended particles in air; Monthly NEQS and Contractor SOx, NOx and Climate soil excavation, 7. Raw materials such as cement, gravels and sand will PMIC ECP 8 Particulate Matter construction vehicles, is be kept under sheet covers to prevent air flow; PM2.5/10 likely to generate dust 8. In order to further reduce the environmental impact and exhaust emissions. Cement Works (Concrete Batching Plant), the Impact on local air concrete batching plant will incorporate the following quality is high design and practices: â–ª Cement will be transferred directly from trucks to the construction site. â–ª All mixing will be in the enclosed electric motor driven plant mixer, NOT in trucks. â–ª Truck loaded with concrete will be in wet form. â–ª All washing water used by the batch plant and storm water will be collected and stored and recycled for re-use. â–ª No water will be discharged outside the plant boundary. Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 66 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria â–ª Concrete recycling machine be used to recycle waste material to slurry water and aggregates for reuse. Drainage channel in close vicinity of MMC is a drainage channel 1. Debris Management Plan; the contractor will ensure (nullah) leading to that construction debris does not find its way into the Naullah lai. drainage or water channels which may get clogged; Construction activities 2. Prohibit washing of machinery and vehicles in may encourage soil surface waters,; ; erosion and waste may 3. All fuel storage will be properly marked to highlight increase the sediment their contents with a concrete pad underneath to Environmental loads into the city prevent contamination in case of leaks or spills. Daily Safeguards ESMP Surface/Ground drainage, while monitoring will be carried out for leaks. Shovels, Construction Surface Water Monthly Specialist -PIU NEQS Water Resources accidental leaks/spills plastic bags, and absorbent material will be placed Contractor Quality Quarterly of oil/fuel from storage near fuel and oil storage or handling areas to PMIC ECP 2, 4 tanks or maintenance attend spills and leaks; vehicles can also 4. Used oil and vehicle related waste will be pollute surface waters. transported to local contractors for recycling or The impact is likely to reuse; be moderate as the 5. Proper disposal of solid and sewage waste from construction site is 500 workers sanitation facilities to ensure it is not meters away from the disposed in the drainage channel. drainage channel. Construction activities 1. Contractor will execute the Energy and Water require a large amount Conservation Plan Water, Electricity Environmental Water /Electricity/ of water that may 2. Water meters will be installed at sub-project site to and Natural Gas Safeguards Natural Gas and reduce the availability monitor water consumption; Consumption Monthly/ Construction Specialist - PIU ESMP Fuel Consumption of water in residing 3. Construction staff will be trained on water Contractor Energy conservation practices to avoid excessive loss; Quarterly PMIC area. It will add load to Conservation Plan the electricity, natural 4. Water required for construction should be obtained in gas fuel consumption a way so that water availability and supply to residing increasing GHG area remains unaffected; Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 67 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria emissions. The impact 5. Approval will be attained from CDA prior to is likely to be high. construction work. 1. Solid Waste Management Plan will be prepared for all sub-project sites to be used by Construction Contractor. The Waste Management Plan will be prepared with following provision of hazardous chemical handling plan: 2. Solid waste collection, segregation, storage and disposal will be carried out for waste generated. For at source segregation separate waste bins will be placed at sub-project sites. Recyclable material will During construction be segregated whereas non-hazardous waste will be phase, solid waste can disposed-off properly at approved disposal site; be generated from 3. Labeling of containers will be carried out including discarded equipment Solid waste the identification and quantity of the contents, hazard parts, scrap metals, information; Management equipment boxes, wood Plan 4. Marking of Hazardous/toxic waste ‘if generated’ Environmental ECP 1,2 Solid Waste parts, empty bags, and separately and disposal using international best Amount and type Safeguards Hazardous Generation leftover construction practices through registered contractor; Construction of solid waste Monthly Specialist –PIU Chemicals debris. The 5. Used oil will be collected in separate containers Contractor generated from PMIC Rules, 2003 construction material stored on impervious platform with restricted access sub-project sites; and waste may include and must be sold to licensed contractor; List of hazardous toxic/hazardous 6. Burning of solid and waste oil should be strictly chemical used for chemical materials. If prohibited construction not contained the 7. Training of workers will be carried out in the impact of solid waste is storage and handling of materials and chemicals likely to be high. that can potentially cause soil contamination; 8. Emergency Response Plan will be prepared to address the accidental spillage of fuels and hazardous/toxic material, fire, vandalism and natural hazards; 9. On completion of the construction phase of the project, the contractor will be required to rehabilitate the site. Rehabilitation will include removal of all construction materials and wastes, Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 68 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria and the grading and landscaping of all exposed sites that may be prone to erosion. Where natural erosion protection measures may not be possible or practical, suitable physical erosion protection methods will be used. The purposes of site rehabilitation will be to minimize the potential for soil erosion, enhance the aesthetic appearance of the site and restore safe public access to the surrounding area. 1. The location for stationary noise sources like asphalt plant, grinding, drilling and welding machinery will be selected at a reasonable distance from residing population. The cement tankers will The construction be working inside enclosure with cladding to activities are likely to reduce noise; generate Moderate 2. The construction material loaders will only operate noise levels. The during night time as per rules of traffic police in sources of noise in Islamabad. Working hours will be allocated for the construction include use of batch plant, equipment and other Asphalt Plant machinery; Noise Monitoring Environmental Noise Levels excavation work, heavy Residing Areas Safeguards NEQS, 3. School time and late night construction activities Construction Monthly earth moving Contractor and Specialist - PIU ECP 9 will be avoided; equipment/ machinery, Construction Site PMIC 4. Use of noise barriers in locations next to schools; pilling work, welding, cuttings, drilling, 5. Blowing of horn will be strictly prohibited; grinding and material 6. Noise monitoring will be carried out at various loading/offloading locations using noise meters. Site labour working vehicles. Impact is in high noise areas including asphalt plant, likely to be high. grinding and welding machinery, where noise level exceeds 85 dB (A), will wear earplugs and ear muffs; 7. Measures will be taken to maintain noise level of 55 dB at day and 45 dB at night time Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 69 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria The impacts on ecology Biodiversity and are negligible entirely 1. Eight trees will be planted for every tree cut Tree count build uo an there are during construction; Environmental ecological Tree Plantation in Prior /Start/ very few trees. Construction Safeguards resources (Flora 2. Invasive or exotic species will not be introduced Post However, if the Contractor designated area Specialist -PIU ESMP and Fauna) through plantation. and count eight construction construction require PMIC cutting of trees and for one cut clearing of vegetation. 1. Use signage to inform general public of construction area and its limits 2. Train drivers operating heavy vehicles in road and Construction activities pedestrian safety; and movement of heavy 3. Set appropriate speed limits to avoid accidents; Traffic vehicles may impact 4. Use of heavy vehicles on public roads will be Management Plan Social Public Health and public safety. Similarly avoided during hours when students are coming to Construction Safeguards Safety Public Safety Plan Monthly emissions and noise school or leaving school; Contractor Specialist -PIU ESMP from the site may Complaint/ 5. Placement of construction and diversion signage, PMIC impact the health of particularly at urban areas and at Accident Register residing communities sensitive/accident-prone spots, in accordance to a Public Safety Plan; 6. Provision of alternate routes for use by the public will be planned.. 1. The workers have full access to health facilities and emergency response centers (fire, earthquake Use of heavy and floods) and police station. In case of machinery and handling emergency, the injured will be taken to the nearest Workers Health Social of hazardous waste and Workers Health medical facility, Shifa International Hospital. and Safety Plan Safeguards chemicals may result in Construction ESMP and Safety 2. Provision of clean drinking water will be ensured and trainings Monthly Specialist -PIU health impacts for Contractor ECP 16 workers on the for the construction crew; Medical record of Construction construction site. 3. Hygiene inspections will be carried out to avoid workers Contractor disease epidemic; 4. In case of unlikely incidents (fire, vandalism) the workers will be evacuated and emergency Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 70 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria response and law enforcement agencies will be engaged; 5. Fire safety alarms will be installed at various locations; 6. Fire extinguishers will be placed at various locations including a water hose installation at ground level; 7. Fire safety and emergency response trainings will be conducted; 8. Hazards indicator signs and firefighting equipment will be installed; 9. The construction crew will be trained on important aspects of workplace safety; 10. Construction machinery operators and drivers will be trained to avoid associated accidents using machines and vehicles; 11. Flammables and other toxic materials will be marked and stored at secured sites; 12. Onsite first aid kits will be kept at construction sites and randomly moving vehicles\machinery. 13. Do not allow workers with inadequate training to operate heavy machinery; 14. Provision of appropriate and high quality Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers such as gloves, vests, hard-hats, masks etc.; 
 15. Train workers in the use of PPE and safety measures while using heavy machinery and handling chemicals. 16. Follow guidelines for Asbestos and Asbestos based product use in construction (Annexure 11) Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 71 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria 1. The construction work will be stopped at the time of the funeral and burial at the grave yard. 2. Construction staff will be trained and informed on identifying the evidence of archaeological/historic Impact is likely to be remains; low as the only 3. In case evidence of archaeological remains is sensitive site close to found during construction activities, the actions Consultation with listed below will be undertaken. Social Physical /Cultural/ sub project MMC is a the relevant Safeguards Archeological grave yard. â–ª Excavation work in the vicinity of the find will be Construction departments Continuous Specialist – Resources stopped; ESMP Excavation work during Contractor Preparation of PIU construction may result â–ª Assistance will be sought from the nearest office PCR Plan, if ECP 15 of the Department of Archaeology and Museums PMIC in the uncovering of needed. ancient sites or to identify the remains; artifacts. â–ª If the department decides to salvage the find, PMD will provide assistance. â–ª Detailed procedure for Archaeological Chance Finds included in Annexure 12. 1. Implementation of Traffic Management Plan 2. Vehicles will be inspected prior to start of construction work. The sub-project sites 3. Alternate routes will be created to avoid are in urban area close Traffic disturbance to school and hospital; Management to social sensitive Social Traffic receptors like schools, 4. Construction site will be barricaded to minimize Construction PLan accidental injuries and visual nuisance to the Safeguards Management colleges, offices and Contractor Construction Continuous general public; Specialist - PIU ESMP residents. The vehicles construction work may 5. Movement of construction equipment will be trimmings PMIC highly impact the limited to specific duration when there is least Accident register traffic flow. disturbance to the residing offices and educational institutes; 6. Adequate road signs will be erected to warn general public; Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 72 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria 7. The contractor will be advised to follow vehicular maintenance to reduce engine noise; 8. Drivers will be trained to follow the designated routes and avoid honking; 9. The construction trucks will be adequately covered with tarpaulin covers to avoid flow into air. Operations Phase An increase in number 1. The project staff will be advised to car pool and of vehicles entering the use and local transport; Environmental NEQs Safeguards Permissible Air Quality and offices may pose 2. Provision of pick and drop for staff to avoid Vehicular PIU Quarterly Specialist -PIU limits of Climate moderate negative additional load on air quality; Emissions vehicular impacts on the air 3. Vehicles with excessive smoke emissions should exhaust quality of the area. not be allowed to enter the sub-project locations. The operation of MCC is not likely to pollute Environmental Surface and Safeguards ground water; however, 1. Ensure sewage is directed into municipal drains Ground water NEQs liquid Ground Water PIU Biannual Specialist -PIU effluent the impact on surface leading to sewerage treatment Plant. /drinking quality Resources water through sewerage is likely to be moderate. There will be an 1. Monitor and ensure that solid waste collection is increase in solid waste provided by the municipality. generation due to 2. Decrease solid waste going to landfills by additional staff and segregating at source with labeled dust bins for building maintenance. Environmental biodegradable, non- biodegradable and recyclable Weight of waste Solid Waste Solid Waste In the presence of waste Safeguards products; PIU generated and Monthly Generation disposal system in the Specialist -PIU Management area impact is Moderate 3. Disposal of biodegradable to the municipality for disposal Plan treatment; Hazardous waste will 4. Clearance of reusable and recyclable waste to include rechargeable certified recycling companies. batteries from the AWS and solar panels. 5. Recycling of batteries Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 73 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Phase Implementation Plan Monitoring Plan Environmental and Monitoring Compliance Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Responsibility Frequency Responsibility Social Impacts Parameter(s) Criteria 1. Water meters will be installed to assess the water consumption and water sensors at taps to avoid the wastage in case of leakages; There will be an 2. Plumping system will be checked and maintained increase in electricity, on monthly basis; Environmental Electricity/ Water water, natural gas and 3. Installation of Korean technology toilets that Electricity/ Water Safeguards /Natural Gas /Fuel fuel consumption as the enable the reuse of sink water in WC. Similarly in PIU /Natural Gas /Fuel Monthly Specialist -PIU N/A Consumption sub-project is likely to Korea most building have waste water treatment Consumption hire staff. The impact is plants installed in the basement for water high conservation; 4. The staff of PMD will be trained on water conservation; 5. Use of solar panels to generate electricity Draft Report Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Mitigation March 2018 Page | 74 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Institutional Arrangements This section defines the organizational roles and responsibilities of the key players in the proposed project and grievance redress mechanism. 7.1 Project Implementation Unit The activities and investments under the sub project will be implemented through Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD). PMD would establish dedicated Project Implementation Unit (PIU) to assist in the implementation of the project activities. Implementing Agency (IA) PMD, will be responsible for appointing a Project Director (PD) and hiring of key staff and consultants for respective PIU as per project requirements. The PIU would have responsibility for sub-project implementation including, but not limited to, reporting, monitoring and evaluation, social and environmental management, procurement, financial management, audit and disbursements, as well as coordination with the line agencies and the World Bank. The PIU will be adequately resourced with skillsets and competencies required for project implementation and monitoring. The PIU would be created and adequately staffed within one month of project effectiveness. To ensure overall guidance and coordination for project implementation, a dedicated Project Coordination Committee (PCC), comprising senior representatives from concerned federal and provincial departments, would be established as the apex forum. The Environmental Safeguards Specialist and Social Safeguards Specialist at the PIU will be directly responsible for the compliance of ESMP and for the subproject screening, development sector specific ESMPs; and their effective implementation, internal monitoring and progress reporting. The Specialists will have close coordination with EPA and other line Departments to address their concerns regarding sub-project interventions. The ESMP will be implemented under the overall supervision of the PD. PIU will be responsible for hiring of Construction Contractor and supervision of contractors work on the sites in accordance with ESMMP. Roles and responsibilities of the PIU have been detailed in Table 7.1 below. In cases of overlapping roles by more than one Specialist, higher authority will have the authority to re- designate the roles and responsibilities of those officers in the best interest of the project and to ensure clarity of responsibilities for ESMP implementation. Table 7.1: Roles and Responsibilities of PIU Organization Position Responsibility Project Implementation Project Director Ensure ESMP implementation Unit (PIU) Project Implementation Environmental â–ª Ensure implementation of the ESMP during Unit (PIU) Safeguards various stages of design and construction; Specialist â–ª Ensure that timely and robust environmental monitoring is carried out in the field; â–ª Ensure that the construction contracts include clauses for ESMP implementation; Draft Report Institutional Arrangements March 2018 Page | 75 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Organization Position Responsibility â–ª Ensure that environmental trainings are planned and implemented; â–ª Overall monitoring and reporting of ESMP; â–ª Conduct financial management of the ESMP; â–ª Coordinate and ensure development of awareness material; â–ª Commission annual third party validations of the project; â–ª Prepare Environmental Biannual Progress Reports (BPR) for the project. Project Implementation Social Safeguards â–ª To carry out the screening of the sub-projects Unit (PIU) Specialist with respect to the social aspects as defined in the ESMF; â–ª Monitor and check the proper implementation of all social mitigation measures as suggested in ESMF/ESMP; â–ª Monitoring and evaluation of social related matters of the project and maintain a social complaint register to document social issues; â–ª Supervise the Contractor’s activities and make sure that all the contractual obligations related to the social compliance are met; â–ª Review of periodic social reports being prepared by the investor/contractor and submitting the same to the Bank â–ª Ensure inclusion of ESMP guidelines in project designs. â–ª Remain the focal point for managing the project GRM, and maintain analysis and reports on types of complaints received, resolved, time taken to action, etc. Project Implementation Environment and â–ª Ensure that ESMP is being implemented by Unit (PIU) Social Safeguard contractors at the site level; officer / â–ª Monitor implementation of ESMP through Database/MIS regular site visits and report to PIU; Specialist â–ª Assist the Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialists Sample TORs for Environmental and Social Specialists are given in Annexure 13. 7.2 Project Management and Implementation Consultant The Project Management and Implementation Consultant (PMIC) will be hired for sub-project designing & resident supervision. PMIC will ensure compliance & implementation of ESMP at the sub-project site, through dedicated safeguards staff. The PMIC will carry out regular monitoring of the ESMP implementation at all working sites and will submit periodic reports to the PIU regarding ESMP implementation and compliance status. Draft Report Institutional Arrangements March 2018 Page | 76 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 7.3 Third Party Consultant A third-party consultant will be hired to monitor the overall implementation process and compliance of sub-project’s ESMP on an annual basis. 7.4 Construction Contractor The sub-project Construction Contractor (CC) will be responsible for on-field implementation of the ESMP. All the required liabilities under the World Bank guidelines and applicable laws will be fulfilled by the construction contractor at the sub-project sites. Contractor ESMP will be an integral part of the contract documents and details will also be included in the bid to address the budget for environmental and social mitigation measures. Contractor will hire requisite staff to ensure compliance of ESMP. PIU and PMIC will ensure that the following plans have been prepared, while the contractor will ensure that these plans are being implemented: â—¼ Energy and Water Conservation Plan â—¼ Traffic Management Plan â—¼ Solid Waste Management Plan â—¼ Hazardous Waste Management Plan â—¼ Workers Health and Safety Plan â—¼ Emissions Monitoring Plan â—¼ Debris Management Plan â—¼ Emergency Response Plan â—¼ Public Safety Plan â—¼ Workers Health and Safety Plan â—¼ Labour Training Plan â—¼ Site Restoration Plan Construction Contractor will ensure that the proposed sub-project activities are in compliance with the ESMP, NEQS and World Bank operational policies. Provision will be made in the agreement with the contractor to: â—¼ Train staff on regular basis on Environment, Health and Safety compliance; â—¼ Implement ESMP in the field; â—¼ Ensure safe working conditions; â—¼ Provide Provisions of PPEs to workers; â—¼ Report every incident/accident to PMD; â—¼ Monitor regular compliance with environmental mitigation measures as per ESMP; â—¼ Execute onsite environmental testing. Specific roles and responsibilities are included in Table 7.2. Draft Report Institutional Arrangements March 2018 Page | 77 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 7.2: Roles and Responsibilities for Environmental Monitoring # Aspect PMD Contractor’s Relevant Responsibilities Documentation 1 Contracting Ensure mitigation and Understand the Contract between monitoring requirements and the PMD and CC requirements to be estimating the required included in the contract resources for between PMD and implementation of the construction contractor ESMP 2 Resources Ensure the availability Ensure the availability of ESMP budget of finances required for resources required for environmental environmental monitoring monitoring 3 Environmental Designate an Appoint an officer Job descriptions staff environmental staff for dedicated to environment, the project health and safety 4 Corrective Verify that the activities Carry-out the required Corrective action Actions are carried out comply corrective actions record with the ESMP and identify corrective actions, if needed 7.5 ESMP Monitoring Plan 7.5.1 Internal Monitoring The overall supervision of the ESMP will be with the PD, PIU. Project Management and Implementation Consultant (PMIC) will be responsible for supervision of the contractors and monitoring at the project site on a regular basis. The Environmental and Social Specialists will conduct regular monitoring of the sub-project site. Monitoring reports by PMIC will be submitted to the Environment and Social Safeguard Specialists in the PIU for necessary corrective action. 7.5.2 External Monitoring/Third Party Validation External Monitoring will be used to ensure that both construction and the operation phase activities have been undertaken in line with the ESMP. Third Party Validation (TPV) exercises, conducted through an independent monitoring agency will be carried out on an annual basis to evaluate the overall ESMP compliance and implementation progress, and to ensure that the mitigation measures are implemented as per the mitigation plan. In case of any deviation, corrective actions will be taken where necessary. For the TPV, environmental and social consultants with relevant expertise and previous experience will be engaged. The PIUs may hire the services of an environment expert (consultant), if required, to address issues related to environmental impact mitigation or non- conformity that emerge from monitoring activities. Draft Report Institutional Arrangements March 2018 Page | 78 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 7.6 ESMP Reporting Implementation monitoring reports regarding environment and social compliance will be prepared by PMIC on regular basis. Specialists in the PIU will also compile monthly and quarterly ESMP implementation progress reports and the final report once the proposed sub- project is completed. Table 7.3 below shows the periodic distribution of reports to be prepared for the proposed sub-project. Table 7.3: Distribution of Sub-Project Reports # Report Prepared by Reviewed by Distribution 1 Monthly PMIC Environmental and Social Project Director, Safeguards Specialists PIU 2 Quarterly Environmental and Project Director, PIU PMD, World Bank Social Safeguards Specialists 3 Annual Third Party Validator n/a PMD, World Bank 4 Final Environmental and Project Director, PIU PMD, World Bank Social Safeguards Specialists The Quarterly Progress Reports (QPRs) will provide progress on implementation of mitigation measures, safeguard monitoring, capacity building, and any other ESMP implementation activity carried out during the reporting quarter using monitoring checklist (Annexure 14). Format of the QPR is provided in Annexure 15. These reports will be shared with, among others, the World Bank within one month of the completion of each quarter. The QPR will include sub-sections including air quality monitoring, monitoring of emissions. 7.7 ESMP Capacity Development and Trainings Capacity building and training of the staff and contractors associated with ESMP implementation will be required for effective environmental and social management. Specific trainings on environmental and social impacts and mitigation will be arranged for the Project Directors, Environment and Social Safeguards Specialists, PMIC and other members of the Project Implementation Units to deliver their monitoring responsibilities in an organized and effective manner as per requirement of the monitoring plan. The main objective of the trainings is to enhance the technical capacity of staff associated with ESMP implementation, keep the PIU aware of the emerging environmental and social issues, and enable them to resolve those issues through proposed mitigation measures. Trainings will also be held for contractors on implementation of the ESMP. Table 7.4 gives a tentative program for capacity building and trainings. 9 workshops are to be held throughout the 2.5 years of the project. This includes annual refresher trainings. The workshops will focus on environmental and social issues arising during ESMP implementation, mitigation measures, and health & safety. They will also focus on sensitizing the participants about environmental and social responsibility, managing the on-ground problems, and assuring implementation of the ESMP. Each workshop will have no more than thirty participants. In case of extra participants, extra workshops will be conducted. Draft Report Institutional Arrangements March 2018 Page | 79 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 7.4: Capacity Building and Training Plan Description Training Module Location Frequency Participation of Training Two-day Objectives, need and use PIU Launch PIU Staff including Training of ESMP; Islamabad workshop at the Project Director, Workshop Legal requirements of the start of the Environment and Social ESMP (Legislations and project Safeguards Specialists, World Bank Operational PMIC, Infrastructure Policies);
 Specialists, Engineers, M&E Officer etc. Management of environmental and social issues and mitigation strategies as per ESMP; Monitoring Mechanism Documentation and reporting procedures. One Day ESMP with special focus PIU One training All architects, contractors, Training on mitigation measures Islamabad workshop at sub-contractors, and Workshop during design stage design stage of supervision consultants project One Day ESMP with special focus PIU Two workshops All contractors, sub- Training on mitigation measures Islamabad every year during contractors, and Workshop during construction stage construction supervision consultants period of the project One Day ESMP with special focus PIU One workshop at PMD staff Training on mitigation measures Islamabad the end of the Workshop during operational phase project One Day ESMP Implementation PIUs One workshop PIU Staff Refresher and Reporting Islamabad every year Trainings Draft Report Institutional Arrangements March 2018 Page | 80 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ESMP Estimated Budget The implementation for environmental and social mitigation plan will be the responsibility of the contractor. Most of the mitigation measures are covered in the engineering costs of the respective works. However, cost for some of the mitigation and monitoring activities are estimated below in Table 8.1. Table 8.1 : Estimated Budget for ESMP Compliance # Description Unit Quantity Unit Rate Total PKR PKR 1 Site specific ESMP Trainings Workshops 8 80,000 800,000 (including materials, logistics, venue) 6 PPE and Maintenance Years 2.5 100,000 250,000 7 Third Party Validation (2 annual Reports 3 1,000,000 3,000,000 and 1 end of project report) 8 Environmental Testing Air, Water, Months 15 250,000 3,750,000 Soil, Noise Total 7,800,000 Draft Report ESMP Estimated Budget March 2018 Page | 81 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Grievance Redress Mechanism 9.1 GRM at the Sub-Project Site The sub-project will follow the Grievance Redress Mechanism in place for the entire PHDSP project and detailed in the ESMF. The GRM provisions and details will be translated into the local language and displayed at the sub-project site and PIU offices. The GRM as per the ESMF is detailed below. 9.2 Overview and Scope The Grievance Redress Mechanism proposed here spans the entire project implementation and will cater to both the directly and indirectly affected population/beneficiaries. Though the GRM proposed here has been designed to address environmental and social problems identified during implementation, it will also cater to manage any disconnects that emerge from the field level and that has significant implications for effective implementation of the sub-project interventions. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) office will serve as the secretariat for the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC-Project) that will be responsible for providing oversight on the entire GRM process at a strategic level and monitoring of complaints management. 9.3 Objectives of the Grievance Redress Mechanism The grievance redress mechanism (GRM) will be consistent with the requirements of the World Bank safeguard policies to ensure mitigation of community concerns, risk management, and maximization of environmental and social benefits. The overall objective of the GRM is therefore to provide a robust system of procedures and processes that provides for transparent and rapid resolution of concerns and complaints identified at the local level. The GRM will be accessible to diverse members of the community, including women, senior citizens and other vulnerable groups. Culturally appropriate communication mechanisms will be used at all sub- project sites both to spread awareness regarding the GRM process as well as complaints management. 9.4 Communication & Awareness on GRM The final processes and procedures for the GRM will be translated in to local language, if needed and disseminated at all sub-project locations. These shall be made available (in both leaflet and poster format) to all sub-project locations. 9.5 Proposed Mechanism A grievance redress mechanism (GRM) will be operational at each subproject level to facilitate amicable and timely resolution of complaints and grievances of the stakeholders including communities and project affected personnel (PAPs) (male and female) regarding all environmental and social issues. Under the GRM, Grievance Redress Committees (GRCs) will be formed comprising of PIU’s general manager (GM), PIU’s Environment and Social Specialists, representative of ESMP/ESIA consultants, , member of PAP Committee (male and female). Owing to the nature of the project, a GRC will be formed at each subproject level. Draft Report Grievance Redress Mechanism March 2018 Page | 82 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Under the GRM, Complaint Register (CR) will be maintained by the PIU at each subproject level. All complaints and grievances will be logged in the register along with details including date of complaint, name and address of complainant, location, and description of complaint. The GRC will then fill additional details in the Register including the corrective action needed, timeframe for corrective action to be taken, and person/project entity responsible for corrective action. Once the corrective action is implemented, the GRC will document the associated details in the Register including the description of action take, date of action completion, views of the complainant regarding the corrective action, and any residual grievance. GRM procedures will be disseminated particularly among the local communities and PAPs. GRM will be gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to the PAPs at no cost and without retribution. A multi-tier GRM has been proposed for the project is described below. 1. Tier 1 (Community level): When a grievance arises, the PAP (male or female) may contact directly with the PAPC (male or female) Field implementation Unit (FIU) or PIU. PAPC may resolve the concern at field level. If the issue is successfully resolved, no further follow-up is required. 2. Tier 2 (GRC level): If no solution can be found at Tier 1, the PAP (male or female) may convey concern/grievance to the GRC, either verbally or in writing. The GRC will log the complaint along with relevant details in the complaint register (CR). For each complaint, the GRC will investigate and prepare a fact-finding report to assess its eligibility, and identify an appropriate solution. The GRC will, as appropriate, instruct the responsible entity to take corrective actions. The complaint will be redressed/appropriately responded within fifteen days. The GRC will review the responsible entity’s response and undertake additional monitoring as needed. During the complaint investigation, the GRC will work in close consultation with the Contractors, Environment Specialist, the Social Safeguards Specialists, FIU, and PIU. 3. Tier 3 (PIU level): If the complainant is not satisfied/issue not resolved at the Tier 2, then GRC will forward the complaint to PIU for remedial measures and decisions accordingly. The committee at PIU level will consist of GM, Environment specialist, Social Safeguards Specialist of PIU, and ESMP/ESIA. The complaint at the Tier 3 will be resolved within three weeks. 4. Tier 4: If the PAPs are still not satisfied with the decision of PIU, then the complainant(s) may enter the reference in the Court of law. Draft Report Grievance Redress Mechanism March 2018 Page | 83 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Figure 9.1: Flow Chart for Grievance Redress Mechanism 9.5.1 Procedures 5. Any grievance in written, verbal or digital form shall be recorded by the receiving office in CR which will be maintained at PIU and FIU; 6. A serial number will be assigned to it together with the date of receipt; 7. A written acknowledgement to a complainant shall be sent promptly and in any case within three working days; 8. The acknowledgement shall contain the name and designation of the officer who will deal with the grievance; information that necessary action will be taken within the specified working days from the date of receipt of the grievance by the officer concerned; name, address, email address and phone number of the authority which the complainant could approach if the matter is not redressed within the specified timeframe or if s/he is not satisfied with the action taken; Draft Report Grievance Redress Mechanism March 2018 Page | 84 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project 9. If the office receiving the grievance/complaint is not the one designated to consider and dispose it, the receiving office shall forward it to the designated office, but after having complied with the requirements at 1 to 3 above; 10. The office designated to consider the matter shall make every effort to ensure that grievances/appeals are considered and disposed-off within the stipulated period of fifteen days in case of Tier 2 and three weeks in case of Tier 3. 11. If the grievance redress mechanism fails to satisfy the aggrieved affected person at all levels, s/he can submit the case to the appropriate court of law. 9.5.2 Grievance Closure The complaint shall be considered as disposed-off and closed when: â—¼ The designated officer/authority has acceded to the request of the complainant fully; â—¼ Where the complainant has indicated acceptance of the response in writing; â—¼ Where the complainant has not responded to the concerned officer FIU/PIU within one month of being intimated about the final decision of the grievance officer on his grievance/complaint; â—¼ Where the complainant fails to attend the proceedings of the concerned officer at FIU/PIU within the stipulated period of the disposal of the complaint; and â—¼ Where the complainant withdraws his/her complaint. Draft Report Grievance Redress Mechanism March 2018 Page | 85 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Disclosure This ESMP will be disclosed on the websites of PMD, and on the World Bank Info Shop. Hard copies of this ESMP will also be shared with the Federal EPA, project stakeholders, contractors, Civil Society Organizations etc. A copy of the ESMP will be placed in the Project Implementation Unit, PMD for public access. The Urdu translation of the Executive Summary of the ESMP will also be distributed to all relevant stakeholders, especially to the communities in the project areas. The purpose will be to inform them about the project activities, negative environmental and social impacts expected from the project and proposed mitigation measures. The Project office (PIU) and social safeguards specialist will keep the residing population informed about the environmental and social impacts and facilitate in addressing grievance (s). The ESMP study team has made an endeavor to hold consultative and scoping sessions with these stakeholders to evince their views on the proposed Project, inter-alia, their opinions, suggestions, understanding on various issues and concerns. Draft Report Disclosure March 2018 Page | 86 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-1: Screening Checklist A. Type of Activity- Will the subproject Yes No 1. Involve Solid Waste Management ï?? 2 Involve Community Forestry ï?? 3 Build or Rehabilitate any structures or buildings? ï?? 4 Be located in or near an area where there is an important historical, ï?? archaeological or cultural heritage site? 5 Be located within or adjacent to any areas that are or may be protected by the government (e.g. national park, national reserve world heritage site) or ï?? local tradition, or that might be a natural habitat? 6 Depend on water supply from existing dam, weir or other water diversion ï?? structure B. Environment- Will the subproject 7 Risk causing the contamination of drinking water? ï?? 8 Cause poor water drainage and increase the risk of water- related diseases ï?? such as malaria or bilharzias? 9 Harvest or exploit a significant amount of natural resources such as trees, ï?? fuel wood or water? 10 Be located within or nearby environmentally sensitive areas (e.g.) intact ï?? natural forests, mangroves, wetlands) or threatened species? 11 Create a risk of increased soil degradation or erosion? ï?? 12 Create a risk of increasing soil salinity? ï?? 13 Produce, or increase the production of, solid or liquid wastes (e.g. water, ï?? medical, and domestic or construction wastes)? 14 Affect the quantity of surface waters (e.g. rivers, streams, wetlands), or ï?? groundwater (e.g. wells)? 15 Result in the production of solid or liquid waste, or result in an increase in ï?? waste production, during construction or operation C. Land Acquisition and access to resources- will the subproject: 16 Require that land (public or private) be acquired (temporarily or ï?? permanently) for its development? 17 Displace individuals, families or businesses? ï?? 18 Result in temporary or permanent loss of crops, fruit trees or household ï?? infrastructure such as granaries, outside toilets and kitchens? D Indigenous Peoples - Are there: 19 Any indigenous groups living within the boundaries of, or nearby, the ï?? project 20 Members of these indigenous groups in the area who could benefit from the ï?? project? Draft Report Annexure-1: Screening Checklist March 2018 Page | 87 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-2: EE/EIA Regulation 2000 SCHEDULE I (See Regulation 3) List of projects requiring an IEE A. Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries 1. Poultry, livestock, stud and fish farms with total cost more than Rs.10 million 
 2. Projects involving repacking, formulation or warehousing of agricultural products 
 B. Energy 1. Hydroelectric power generation less than 50 MW 
 2. Thermal power generation less than 200 KW 
 3. Transmission lines less than 11 KV, and large distribution projects 
 4. Oil and gas transmission systems 
 5. Oil and gas extraction projects including exploration, production, gathering systems, separation and storage 
 6. Waste-to-energy generation projects 
 C. Manufacturing and processing 1. Ceramics and glass units with total cost more than Rs.50 million 
 2. Food processing industries including sugar mills, beverages, milk and dairy products, with total cost less than Rs.100 million 
 3. Man-made fibers and resin projects with total cost less than Rs.100 million 
 4. Manufacturing of apparel, including dyeing and printing, with total cost more than Rs.25 million 
 5. Wood products with total cost more than Rs.25 million 
 D. Mining and mineral processing 1. Commercial extraction of sand, gravel, limestone, clay, Sulphur and other minerals not included in Schedule II with total cost less than Rs.100 million 
 2. Crushing, grinding and separation processes 9 
 3. Smelting plants with total cost less than Rs.50 million E. Transport 1. Federal or Provincial highways (except maintenance, rebuilding or reconstruction of existing metaled roads) with total cost less than Rs.50 million 
 2. Ports and harbor development for ships less than 500 gross tons 
 Draft Report Annexure-2: EE/EIA Regulation 2000 March 2018 Page | 88 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project F. Water management, dams, irrigation and flood protection 1. Dams and reservoirs with storage volume less than 50 million cubic meters of surface area less than 8 square kilometers 
 2. Irrigation and drainage projects serving less than 15,000 hectares 
 3. Small-scale irrigation systems with total cost less than Rs.50 million 
 G. Water supply and treatment 
 Water supply schemes and treatment plants with total cost less than Rs.25 million 
 H. Waste disposal 
 Waste disposal facility for domestic or industrial wastes, with annual capacity less than 10,000 cubic meters 
 I. Urban development and tourism 1. Housing schemes 
 2. Public facilities with significant off-site impacts (e.g. hospital wastes) 
 3. Urban development projects 
 J. Other projects 
 Any other project for which filing of an IEE is required by the Federal Agency under sub-regulation (2) of Regulation 5
 Draft Report Annexure-2: EE/EIA Regulation 2000 March 2018 Page | 89 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project SCHEDULE II (See Regulation 4)
List of projects requiring an EIA A. Energy 1. Hydroelectric power generation over 50 MW 
 2. Thermal power generation over 200 MW 
 3. Transmission lines (11 KV and above) and grid stations 
 4. Nuclear power plans 
 5. Petroleum refineries 
 B. Manufacturing and processing 6. Cement plants 
 7. Chemicals projects 
 8. Fertilizer plants 
 9. Food processing industries including sugar mills, beverages, milk and dairy products, with total cost of Rs.100 million and above 
 10. Industrial estates (including export processing zones) 
 11. Man-made fibers and resin projects with total cost of Rs.100 M and above 
 12. Pesticides (manufacture or formulation) 
 13. Petrochemicals complex 
 14. Synthetic resins, plastics and man-made fibers, paper and paperboard, paper pulping, plastic products, textiles (except apparel),printing and publishing, paints and dyes, oils and fats and vegetable ghee projects, with total cost more than Rs.10 million 
 15. Tanning and leather finishing projects 
 C. Mining and mineral processing 1. Mining and processing of coal, gold, copper, sulphur and precious stones 
 2. Mining and processing of major non-ferrous metals, iron and steel rolling 
 3. Smelting plants with total cost of Rs.50 million and above 
 D. Transport 1. Airports 
 2. Federal or Provincial highways or major roads (except maintenance, rebuilding or reconstruction of existing roads) with total cost of Rs.50 million and above 
 3. Ports and harbor development for ships of 500 gross tons and above 
 4. Railway works 
 Draft Report Annexure-2: EE/EIA Regulation 2000 March 2018 Page | 90 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project E. Water management, dams, irrigation and flood protection 1. Dams and reservoirs with storage volume of 50 million cubic meters and above or surface area of 8 square kilometers and above 
 2. Irrigation and drainage projects serving 15,000 hectares and above 
 3. Water supply and treatment 
Water supply schemes and treatment plants with total cost of Rs.25 million and above 
 F. Waste Disposal 1. Waste disposal and/or storage of hazardous or toxic wastes (including landfill sites, incineration of hospital toxic waste) 
 2. Waste disposal facilities for domestic or industrial wastes, with annual capacity more than 10,000 cubic meters 
 G. Urban development and tourism 1. Land use studies and urban plans (large cities) 
 2. Large-scale tourism development projects with total cost more than Rs.50 million 
 H. Environmentally Sensitive Areas 
 All projects situated in environmentally sensitive areas
 I. Other projects 1. Any other project for which filing of an EIA is required by the Federal Agency under sub- regulation (2) of Regulation 5. 
 2. Any other project likely to cause an adverse environmental effect Draft Report Annexure-2: EE/EIA Regulation 2000 March 2018 Page | 91 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-3: NEQS Table 1: Effluent Discharge Standards NEQS 2000) Applicable to the Works #. DETERMINANT PARAMETRS NEQS 1 Temperature 40 OC =≤3 deg. 2 pH 6–9 3 BOD5 80 mg/l 4 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 150 mg/l 5 Total Suspended Solid (TSS) 200 mg/l 6 Total Dissolved Solids 3500 mg/l 7 Grease and Oil 10 mg/l 8 Phenolic compounds (as phenol) 0.1 mg/l 9 Ammonia 40 mg/l 10 Chlorine 1.0 mg/l 11 Chloride 1000.0 mg/l 12 Sulphate 600 mg/l 13 Manganese 1.5 mg/l 14 Fluoride 10 mg/l 15 Cyanide (as CN’) total 1.0 mg/l 16 An-ionic detergents (as MB As) 20 mg/l 17 Sulphide (S-2) 1.0 mg/l 18 Pesticides 0.15 mg/l 19 Cadmium 0.1 mg/l 20 Chromium trivalent and hexavalent 1.0 mg/l 21 Copper 1.0 mg/l 22 Lead 0.5 mg/l 23 Mercury 0.01 mg/l 24 Selenium 0.5 mg/l 25 Nickel 1.0 mg/l 26 Silver 1.0 mg/l 27 Total Toxic metals 2.0 mg/l 28 Zinc 5.0 mg/l 29 Arsenic 1.0 mg/l 30 Barium 1.5 mg/l 31 Iron 8.0 mg/l 32 Boron 6.0 mg/l Draft Report Annexure-3: NEQS March 2018 Page | 92 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 2: National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) for Gaseous Emission (mg/Nm 3, Unless Otherwise Defined) # Parameter Source of Emission Existing Standards Revised Standards 40% or 2 Ringlemann Scale 40% or 2 1. Smoke Smoke Opacity not to exceed Ringlemann Scale or equivalent smoke number (a) Boilers and Furnaces (i) Oilfired (ii) Coalfired 300 300 (iii) CementKilns Particulate Matter 500 500 2. (I) 200 200 (b) Grinding, crushing, clinker coolers and Related processes, 500 500 Metallurgical Processes, converter, blast furnaces and cupolas. 3. Hydrogen Any 400 400 Chloride 4. Chlorine Any 150 150 5. Hydrogen Any 150 150 Fluoride 6. Hydrogen Any 10 10 Sulphide Sulfuric acid/ Sulphonic acid plants 7. Sulphur Oxide Other plants except power plants 400 1700 (2) (3) operating on oil and coal 8. Carbon Any 800 800 Monoxide 9. Lead Any 50 50 10. Mercury Any 10 10 11. Cadmium Any 20 20 12. Arsenic Any 20 20 13. Copper Any 50 50 14. Antimony Any 20 20 15. Zinc Any 200 200 Nitric acid manufacturing unit. 16. Other plants except power plants operating on oil or coal: Oxides of 400 400 Nitrogen (3) Gas fired Oil fired Coal fired - 600 - 1200 Explanations:- 1. Based on the assumption that the size of the particulate is 10 micron or more. 2. Based on 1 percent sulphur content in fuel. Higher content of Sulphur will case standards to bepro-rated. 3. In respect of emissions of sulphur dioxide Nitrogen oxides, the power plants operating on oil and coal as fuel shall in addition to National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) specified above, comply with the following standards. Draft Report Annexure-3: NEQS March 2018 Page | 93 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 3: National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS, 2009) for Vehicular Emission # Parameter Standard (Maximum Measuring Method Applicability permissible Limit) 40% or 2 on the Ringlemann To be compared with Ringlemann 1 Smoke Scale during engine Chart at a distance of 6 meters or Immediate effect acceleration mode. more 2 Carbon 6% Under idling condition: Non- Monoxide dispersive infrared detection (CO) through gas analyzer. 3 Noise 85 dB(A) Sound Meter at 7.5 meters from the source Table 4: National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS, 2010) for Noise # Category of Area / Zone Effective from 1st July, 2010 Effective from 1st July, 2013 Limit in dB (A) Leq* Daytime Night-time Daytime Night-time 1 Residential Area (A) 65 50 55 45 2 Commercial Area (B) 70 60 65 55 3 Industrial Area (C) 80 75 75 65 4 Silence Zone (D) 55 45 50 45 Note: 1. Daytime hours: 6:00 a.m. to 10:00p.m. 2. Night-time hours: 10:00 p.m. to 6:00a.m. 3. Silence Zone: Zones which are declared as such by the competent authority. An area comprising not less than 100 meters round hospitals, educational institutions and courts. 4. Mixedcategoriesofareasmaybedecidedasoneofthefourabovementionedcategoriesbythecompetentauthority. *dB (A) Leq: Time weighted average of the level of sound in scale “Aâ€? which is relatable to human hearing . Table 5: National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS, 2010) for Drinking Water # Properties/Parameters Standard Values for WHO Standards Remarks Pakistan BACTERIAL 1 All water is intended for Must not be Must not be Most Asian Countries drinking (E.Coli or detectable in any detectable in any also follow WHO Thermotolerant Coliform 100ml sample 100ml sample Standards bacteria) 2 Treated water entering the Must not be Must not be Most Asian Countries distribution system (E.Coli or detectable in any detectable in any also follow WHO Thermotolerant Coliform and 100ml sample 100ml sample Standards total Coliform bacteria) Draft Report Annexure-3: NEQS March 2018 Page | 94 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project # Properties/Parameters Standard Values for WHO Standards Remarks Pakistan 3 Treated water entering the Must not be Must not be Most Asian Countries distribution system (E.Coli or detectable in any detectable in any also follow WHO Thermo tolerant Coliform and 100ml sample. In 100ml sample. In case Standards total Coliform bacteria) case of large supplies, of large supplies, where sufficient where sufficient samples are samples are examined, must not examined, must not be present in 95% of be present in 95% of the samples taken the samples taken throughout any 12- throughout any 12- month period. month period. PHYSICAL 4 Colour ≤15 TCU ≤15 TCU 5 Taste Non Objectionable/ Non Objectionable/ Acceptable Acceptable 6 dour Non Objectionable/ Non Objectionable/ Acceptable Acceptable 7 Turbidity <5 NTU <5 NTU 8 Total hardness as CaCO3 <500mg/l --- 9 TDS <1000 <1000 10 pH 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 RADIOACTIVE 11 Alpha Emitters bq/L or pCi 0.1 0.1 12 Beta Emitters 01 01 CHEMICAL Essential Inorganics mg/litre mg/litre 13 Aluminum (Al) mg/l ≤0.2 0.02 14 Antimony (Sb) ≤0.005 0.02 15 Standard for Pakistan Arsenic (As) ≤0.05 0.01 similar to most Asian developing Countries 16 Barium (Ba) 0.7 0.7 17 Boron (B) 0.3 0.3 18 Cadmium (Cd) Standard for Pakistan 0.01 0.003 similar to most Asian developing Countries 19 Chloride (Cl) <250 250 20 Chromium (Cr) ≤0.05 0.05 21 Copper (Cu) 2 2 Toxic Inorganics mg/litre mg/litre 22 Standard for Pakistan Cyanide (CN) ≤0.05 0.07 similar to most Asian developing Countries Draft Report Annexure-3: NEQS March 2018 Page | 95 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project # Properties/Parameters Standard Values for WHO Standards Remarks Pakistan 23 Fluoride (F) ≤1.5 1.5 24 Standard for Pakistan Lead (Pb) ≤0.05 0.01 similar to most Asian developing Countries 25 Manganese (Mn) ≤0.5 0.5 26 Mercury (Hg) ≤0.001 0.001 27 Nickel (Ni) ≤0.02 0.02 28 Nitrate (NO3) ≤50 50 29 Nitrite (NO2) ≤3 3 30 Selenium (Se) 0.01 0.01 31 Residual Chlorine 0.2-0.5 at consumer --- end 0.5-1.5 at source 32 Zinc (Zn) 5.0 3 Standard for Pakistan similar to most Asian developing Countries Organics 33 PSQCA No. 4629- Pesticides mg/L 2004, Page No.4, --- Table No. 3, Serial Annex-II No. 20-58 may be consulted 34 Phenolic Compounds (as --- ≤0.002 Phenols) mg/L 35 Poly nuclear aromatic 0.01 (By GC/MS hydrocarbons (as PAH) g/L method) ***PSQCA: Pakistan Standards Quality Control Authority Draft Report Annexure-3: NEQS March 2018 Page | 96 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Table 6: National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS, 2010) for Ambient Air Pollutants Time-weighted Concentration in Ambient Air Method of average Measurement Effective from 1st Effective from 1st July 2010 January 2013 Sulphur Dioxide Annual Average* 80µg/m3 80µg/ m3 Ultraviolet Fluorescence (SO2) Method 24 hours** 120µg/m3 120µg/m3 Oxides of Annual Average* 40µg/m3 40µg/m3 Gas Phase Nitrogen as (NO) Chemiluminescence 24 hours** 40µg/m3 40µg/m3 Oxides of Annual Average* 40µg/m3 40µg/m3 Gas Phase Nitrogen as (NO2) Chemiluminescence 24 hours** 80µg/m3 80µg/m3 Ozone (O3) 1 hour 180µg/m3 130µg/m3 Non disperse UV absorption method Suspended 400µg/m3 High Volume Sampling, Particulate Matter Annual Average* (Average flow rate not 360µg/m3 (SPM) less than 1.1m3/minute) Draft Report Annexure-3: NEQS March 2018 Page | 97 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-4: World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies Policy # Subject Triggered Source Web Reference https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/PP Environmental 1 OP/BP 4.01 Yes FDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid= Assessment 3900&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/PP 2 Natural Habitats OP/BP 4.04 No FDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid= 1581&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/PP 3 Pest Management OP 4.09 No FDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid= 1637&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/PP 4 Forestry OP 4.36 No FDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid= 1585&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/PP 5 Safety of Dams OP 4.37 No FDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid= 1576&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/P Physical and Cultural 6 OP/BP 4.11 No PFDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid Resources =1583&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/P 7 Involuntary Resettlement OP/BP 4.12 Yes PFDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid =1584&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/P 8 Indigenous Peoples OP 4.10 No PFDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid =1582&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/P 9 Disputed Areas OP 7.60 No PFDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid =1841&ver=current https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/P 10 International Waterways OP 7.50 No PFDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid =2660 http://siteresources.worldbank.org/OPSMA 11 Bank Disclosure Policy BP 17.50 Applicable NUAL/Resources/DisclosurePolicy.pdf Draft Report Annexure-4: World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies March 2018 Page | 98 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-5: Screening Checklist a. Brief Description of the Project: b. Location: c. Name of Proponent: # Questions to be Considered Briefly Is this likely to result in Describe a Significant effect? Yes/No? Yes/No- why Environmental and Cumulative Impacts 1 Will construction or operation of the project use natural resources? Such as land, water, materials or energy, especially any resources which are non-renewable or in short supply? 2 Will the project involve use, storage, transport, handling or production of substance or materials, which could be harmful to human health or the environment or concerns about actual or perceived risks to human health? 3 Will the Project produce solid waste during construction, operation, or decommissioning? 4 Will the Project release pollutants or any hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to air? 5 Will the Project cause noise and vibration or release of light, heat energy or electromagnetic radiation? 6 Will the Project lead to risks of contamination of land or water from releases of pollutants onto the ground or into surface waters and groundwater? 7 Will there is any risk of accidents during construction or operation of the project, which could affect human health or the environment? 8 Are there any other factors, which should be considered such as consequential development that could lead to environmental effects or the potential for cumulative impacts with other existing or planned activities in the locality? 9 Are there any areas on or around the locations, which, are protected under international, national, or local legislation for their ecological, landscape, cultural, or other value, which could be affected by the project? 10 Are there any other areas on or around the location, which are important or sensitive for reasons of their ecology e, g. wetlands, watercourses or other water bodies, mountains, forests or woodlands, which could be affected by the project? 11 Are there any areas on or around the location which are used by protected, important or sensitive species of fauna or flora e.g. for breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, over wintering, Draft Report Annexure-5: Screening Checklist March 2018 Page | 99 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project # Questions to be Considered Briefly Is this likely to result in Describe a Significant effect? Yes/No? Yes/No- why migration, which could be affected by the project ? 12 Are there any in land or underground water sonor around the location that could be affected by the project? 13 Are there any areas or features of high landscape or scenic value on or around the location, which could be affected by the project? 14 What kind of effluents can be discharged during operation of this project/ units? 15 Is this project likely to affect the soil, water and air of the surrounding environment? 16 Are there any transport routes passing through or around the location which are susceptible to congestion or which cause environmental problem, which could be effected by the project? 17 Is the project located in a previously undeveloped area where there is a loss of Greenfield land? 18 Are there any areas on or around the locations which are occupied by the sensitive land-use e.g. hospitals, schools, worship places, community facilities which could be affected by the project? 19 Are there any areas on or around the locations which contain important high quality or scarce resources e.g. ground & surface water forestry, agriculture, fisheries tourism, minerals which could be affected by the project? 20 Are there any areas on or around the locations which that are already subject to pollution or environmental damage e.g. where existing legal environmental standers are exceeded which could be affected by the project? 21 Is the project location is susceptible to earthquake, subsistence, landslide erosions flooding or extreme adverse climate conditions e.g. temperature inversion, fogs, severe winds, which could cause the project to present environmental problem? 22 What would be the source of energy supply for this project ? 23 What would be the mechanism of solid waste disposal/management when this project would become functional? 24 What would be the mechanism of waste water drainage/disposal / treatment when this project wouldbecome functional? 25 What kind of effluents are expected /discharged when this project would become functional? Social and land use impacts 1 Will the Project result in social changes, for example, in demography, traditional lifestyles, employment? 2 Are there any routes or facilities on or around the locations, Draft Report Annexure-5: Screening Checklist March 2018 Page | 100 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project # Questions to be Considered Briefly Is this likely to result in Describe a Significant effect? Yes/No? Yes/No- why which are used by the public for access to recreation, or other facilities, which could be affected by the project ? 3 Are there any areas or features of historic or cultural importance on or around the location which could be effected by the project? 4 Are there existing land uses on or around the location e.g. homes, gardens or other private property, industry, commerce, recreation, public open space, community facilities, agriculture, forestry, tourism, mining or quarrying which could be effected by the project? 5 Are there any plans for future land uses on or around the location which could be effected by the project? 6 Are there any areas on or around the location which are densely populated or built up, which could be affected by the project? Observations/Recommendation:- 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Survey Conducted by Verified by Name and Designation Name and Designation ______________ ________________ Signature Signature Draft Report Annexure-5: Screening Checklist March 2018 Page | 101 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices Introduction The objective of preparation of the Environmental Code of Practices (ECP) is to address less significant environmental impacts and all general construction related impacts of the proposed project implementation. The ECPs will provide guidelines for best operating practices and environmental management guidelines to be followed by the contractors for sustainable management of all environmental issues. ECP 1: Waste Management ECP 2: Fuels and Hazardous Substances Management ECP 3: Water Resources Management ECP 4: Drainage Management ECP 5: Soil Quality Management ECP 6: Erosion and Sediment Control ECP 8: Air Quality Management ECP 9: Noise and Vibration Management ECP 10: Protection of Flora ECP 11: Protection of Fauna ECP 13: Road Transport and Road Traffic Management ECP 15: Cultural and Religious Issues ECP 16: Workers Health and Safety The Contractor can also prepare a ‘Construction Environmental Action Plan’ (CEAP) demonstrating the manner in which the Contractor will comply with the requirements of ECPs and the mitigation measures proposed in the ESMMP of the ESA Report. The CEAP will form the part of the contract documents and will be used as monitoring tool for compliance. Violation of the compliance requirements will be treated as non-compliance leading to the corrections or otherwise imposing penalty on the contractors. Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 102 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 1: Waste Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source General Waste Soil and water pollution The Contractor shall: from the improper - Develop waste management plan for various specific management of wastes waste streams (e.g., reusable waste, flammable waste, and excess materials from construction debris, food waste etc.) prior to the construction sites. commencing of construction and submit to WAPDA for approval. - Organize disposal of all wastes generated during construction in an environmentally acceptable manner. This will include consideration of the nature and location of disposal site, so as to cause less environmental impact. - Minimize the production of waste materials by 3R (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse) approach. - Segregate and reuse or recycle all the wastes, wherever practical. - Collect and transport non-hazardous wastes to all the approved disposal sites. - Train and instruct all personnel in waste management practices and procedures as a component of the environmental induction process. - Provide refuse containers at each worksite. - Request suppliers to minimize packaging where practicable. - Place a high emphasis on good housekeeping practices. - Maintain all construction sites in a cleaner, tidy and safe condition and provide and maintain appropriate facilities as temporary storage of all wastes before transportation and final disposal. Hazardous Health hazards and The Contractor shall: Waste environmental impacts - Collect chemical wastes in 200 liter drums (or similar due to improper waste sealed container), appropriately labeled for safe management practices transport to an approved chemical waste depot. - Store, transport and handle all chemicals avoiding potential environmental pollution. - Store all hazardous wastes appropriately in bunded areas away from water courses. - Make available Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for hazardous materials on-site during construction. - Collect hydrocarbon wastes, including lube oils, for safe transport off-site for reuse, recycling, treatment or disposal at approved locations. - Construct concrete or other impermeable flooring to prevent seepage in case of spills Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 103 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 2: Fuels and Hazardous Substance Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Fuels and Materials used in The Contractor shall: hazardous construction have a - Prepare spill control procedures and submit the plan goods. potential to be a source of for WAPDA approval. contamination. Improper - Train the relevant construction personnel in storage and handling of handling of fuels and spill control procedures. fuels, lubricants, chemicals and hazardous - Store dangerous goods in bunded areas on a top of a goods/materials on-site, sealed plastic sheet away from watercourses. and potential spills from - Refueling should occur only within bunded areas. these goods may harm the - Make available MSDS for chemicals and dangerous environment or health of goods on-site. construction workers. - Transport waste of dangerous goods, which cannot be recycled, to a designated disposal site approved by EPA. - Provide absorbent and containment material (e.g., absorbent matting) where hazardous material are used and stored and personnel trained in the correct use. - Provide protective clothing, safety boots, helmets, masks, gloves, goggles, to the construction personnel, appropriate to materials in use. - Make sure all containers, drums, and tanks that are used for storage are in good condition and are labeled with expiry date. Any container, drum, or tank that is dented, cracked, or rusted might eventually leak. Check for leakage regularly to identify potential problems before they occur. - Store hazardous materials above flood plain level. - Put containers and drums in temporary storages in clearly marked areas, where they will not be run over by vehicles or heavy machinery. The area should preferably slope or drain to a safe collection area in the event of a spill. - Put containers and drums in permanent storage areas on an impermeable floor that slopes to a safe collection area in the event of a spill or leak. - Take all precautionary measures when handling and storing fuels and lubricants, avoiding environmental pollution. - Avoid the use of material with greater potential for contamination by substituting them with more environmentally friendly materials. Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 104 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 3: Water Resources Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Hazardous Water pollution from the The Contractor shall: Material and storage, handling and - Follow the management guidelines proposed in Waste disposal of hazardous ECPs 1 and 2. materials and general - Minimize the generation of sediment, oil and construction waste, and grease, excess nutrients, organic matter, litter, accidental spillage debris and any form of waste (particularly petroleum and chemical wastes). These substances must not enter waterways, storm water systems or underground water tables Discharge from During construction both The Contractor shall: construction sites surface and groundwater - Install temporary drainage works (channels and quality may be deteriorated bunds) in areas required for sediment and erosion due to construction control and around storage areas for construction activities in the river, materials sewerages from - Install temporary sediment basins, where construction sites and work appropriate, to capture sediment-laden run-off camps. The construction from site works will modify groundcover and - Divert runoff from undisturbed areas around the topography changing the construction site surface water drainage - Stockpile materials away from drainage lines patterns, including - Prevent all solid and liquid wastes entering infiltration and storage of waterways by collecting solid waste, oils, storm water. The change in chemicals, bitumen spray waste and wastewaters hydrological regime leads from brick, concrete and asphalt cutting where to increased rate of runoff possible and transport to a approved waste disposal and in sediment and site or recycling depot contaminant loading, - Wash out ready-mix concrete agitators and increased flooding, concrete handling equipment at washing facilities groundwater off site or into approved bunded areas on site. contamination, and effect Ensure that tires of construction vehicles are habitat of fish and other cleaned in the washing bay (constructed at the aquatic biology. entrance of the construction site) to remove the mud from the wheels. This should be done in every exit of each construction vehicle to ensure the local roads are kept clean. Soil Erosion and Soil erosion and dust from The Contractor shall: siltation the material stockpiles will - Stabilize the cleared areas not used for construction increase the sediment and activities with vegetation or appropriate surface contaminant loading of water treatments as soon as practicable following surface water bodies. earthwork to minimize erosion - Ensure that roads used by construction vehicles are swept regularly to remove sediment. - Water the material stockpiles, access roads and bare soils on an as required basis to minimize dust. Increase the watering frequency during periods of high risk (e.g. high winds) Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 105 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Construction works in the The Contractor shall: activities in water bodies will increase - Dewater sites by pumping water to a sediment water bodies sediment and contaminant basin prior to release off site – do not pump directly loading, and effect habitat off site of fish and other aquatic - Monitor the water quality in the runoff from the site biology. or areas affected by dredge plumes, and improve work practices as necessary - Protect water bodies from sediment loads by silt screen or bubble curtains or other barriers - Minimize the generation of sediment, oil and grease, excess nutrients, organic matter, litter, debris and any form of waste (particularly petroleum and chemical wastes). These substances must not enter waterways, storm water systems or underground water tables. - Use environment friendly and non-toxic slurry during construction of piles to discharge into the river. - Reduce infiltration of contaminated drainage through storm water management design - Do not discharge cement and water curing used for cement concrete directly into water courses and drainage inlets. Drinking water Groundwater at shallow The Contractor shall: depths might be - Control the quality of groundwater to be used for contaminated and hence drinking water on the bases of NEQS and World not suitable for drinking Bank standards for drinking water. Safe and purposes. sustainable discharges are to be ascertained prior to selection of pumps. - Tube wells will be installed with due regard for the surface environment, protection of groundwater from surface contaminants, and protection of aquifer cross contamination - All tube wells, test holes, monitoring wells that are no longer in use or needed shall be properly decommissioned Depletion and pollution of - Install monitoring wells both upstream and groundwater resources downstream areas near construction yards and construction camps to regularly monitor and report on the water quality and water levels. - Protect groundwater supplies of adjacent lands Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 106 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 4: Drainage Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Excavation and Lack of proper drainage for - The Contractor shall: earth works, and rainwater/liquid waste or - Prepare a program for prevent/avoid standing construction wastewater owing to the waters, which EMSU will verify in advance and yards construction activities confirm during implementation harms environment in - Provide alternative drainage for rainwater if the terms of water and soil construction works/earth-fillings cut the contamination, and established drainage line mosquito growth. - Establish local drainage line with appropriate silt collector and silt screen for rainwater or wastewater connecting to the existing established drainage lines already there. - Rehabilitate road drainage structures immediately if damaged by contractors’ road transports. - Build new drainage lines as appropriate and required for wastewater from construction yards connecting to the available nearby recipient water bodies. Ensure wastewater quality conforms to the relevant standards provided by EPA, before it being discharged into recipient water bodies. - Ensure the internal roads/hard surfaces in the construction yards/construction camps that generate has storm water drainage to accommodate high runoff during downpour and that there is no stagnant water in the area at the end of the downpour. - Construct wide drains instead of deep drains to avoid sand deposition in the drains that require frequent cleaning. - Provide appropriate silt collector and silt screen at the inlet and manholes and periodically clean the drainage system to avoid drainage congestion - Protect natural slopes of drainage channels to ensure adequate storm water drains. - Regularly inspect and maintain all drainage channels to assess and alleviate any drainage congestion problem. - Reduce infiltration of contaminated drainage through storm water management design Ponding of water Health hazards due to - Do not allow ponding of water especially near the mosquito breeding waste storage areas and construction camps - Discard all the storage containers that are capable of storing of water, after use or store them in inverted position Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 107 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 5: Soil Quality Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Storage of Spillage of hazardous and The Contractor shall: hazardous and toxic chemicals will - Strictly manage the wastes management plans toxic chemicals contaminate the soils proposed in ECP1 and storage of materials in ECP2 - Construct appropriate spill contaminant facilities for all fuel storage areas - Establish and maintain a hazardous materials register detailing the location and quantities of hazardous substances including the storage, use of disposals - Train personnel and implement safe work practices for minimizing the risk of spillage - Identify the cause of contamination, if it is reported, and contain the area of contamination. The impact may be contained by isolating the source or implementing controls around the affected site - Remediate the contaminated land using the most appropriate available method to achieve required commercial/industrial guideline validation results Construction Erosion from construction The Contractor shall: material stock material stockpiles may - Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is piles contaminate the soils likely to occur, with silt fences, straw bales or bunds Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 108 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 6: Erosion and Sediment Control Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Clearing of Cleared areas and slopes are The Contractor shall: construction sites susceptible for erosion of - Reinstate and protect cleared areas as soon as top soils that affects the possible. growth of vegetation which - Mulch to protect batter slopes before planting causes ecological imbalance. - Cover unused area of disturbed or exposed surfaces immediately with mulch/grass turfings/tree plantations Construction The impact of soil erosion The Contractor shall: activities and are: - Locate stockpiles away from drainage lines material (i) Increased run off and - Protect the toe of all stockpiles, where erosion is stockpiles sedimentation causing a likely to occur, with silt fences, straw bales or greater flood hazard to the bunds downstream, (ii) - Remove debris from drainage paths and sediment destruction of aquatic control structures environment in nearby lakes, streams, and - Cover the loose sediments and water them if reservoirs caused by required erosion and/or deposition of - Divert natural runoff around construction areas sediment damaging the prior to any site disturbance spawning grounds of fish, - Install protective measures on site prior to and construction, for example, sediment traps (iii) destruction of - Control drainage through a site in protected vegetation by burying or channels or slope drains gullying. - Install ‘cut off drains’ on large cut/fill batter slopes to control water runoff speed and hence erosion - Observe the performance of drainage structures and erosion controls during rain and modify as required. Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 109 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 8: Air Quality Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Air quality can be adversely The Contractor shall: vehicular traffic affected by vehicle exhaust - Fit vehicles with appropriate exhaust systems and emissions and combustion emission control devices, in compliance with the of fuels. NEQS. Maintain these devices in good working condition. - Operate the vehicles in a fuel efficient manner - Cover haul vehicles carrying dusty materials moving outside the construction site - Impose speed limits on all vehicle movement at the worksite to reduce dust emissions - Control the movement of construction traffic - Water construction materials prior to loading and transport - Service all vehicles regularly to minimize emissions - Limit the idling time of vehicles not more than 2 minutes Construction Air quality can be adversely The Contractor shall: machinery affected by emissions from - Fit machinery with appropriate exhaust systems and machinery and combustion emission control devices. Maintain these devices in of fuels. good working condition. - Focus special attention on containing the emissions from generators - Machinery causing excess pollution (e.g. visible smoke) will be banned from construction sites - Service all equipment regularly to minimize emissions Construction Dust generation from - Water the material stockpiles, access roads and bare activities construction sites, material soils on an as required basis to minimize the stockpiles and access roads potential for environmental nuisance due to dust. is a nuisance in the Increase the watering frequency during periods of environment and can be a high risk (e.g. high winds) health hazard. - Minimize the extent and period of exposure of the bare surfaces - Reschedule earthwork activities or vegetation clearing activities, where practical, if necessary to avoid during periods of high wind and if visible dust is blowing off-site - Restore disturbed areas as soon as practicable by vegetation/grass-turfing - Store the cement in silos and minimize the emissions from silos by equipping them with filters. Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 110 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 9: Noise and Vibration Management Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Noise quality will be The Contractor shall: vehicular traffic deteriorated due to - Maintain all vehicles in order to keep it in good vehicular traffic working order in accordance with manufactures maintenance procedures - Make sure all drivers will comply with the traffic codes concerning maximum speed limit, driving hours, etc. Construction Noise and vibration may The Contractor shall: machinery have an impact on people, - Appropriately site all noise generating activities to property, fauna, livestock avoid noise pollution to local residents and the natural - Use the quietest available plant and equipment environment. - Modify equipment to reduce noise (for example, noise control kits, lining of truck trays or pipelines) - Maintain all equipment in order to keep it in good working order in accordance with manufactures maintenance procedures - Install acoustic enclosures around generators to reduce noise levels. - Fit high efficiency mufflers to appropriate construction equipment Construction Noise and vibration may The Contractor shall: activity have an impact on people, - Notify adjacent residents prior to any typical noise property, fauna, livestock event outside of daylight hours and the natural - Educate the operators of construction equipment on environment. potential noise problems and the techniques to minimize noise emissions - Employ best available work practices on-site to minimize occupational noise levels - Install temporary noise control barriers where appropriate - Notify affected people if noisy activities will be undertaken, e.g. blasting - Plan activities on site and deliveries to and from site to minimize impact - Monitor and analyze noise and vibration results and adjust construction practices as required. - Avoid undertaking the noisiest activities, where possible, when working at night near the residential areas Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 111 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 10: Protection of Flora Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Vegetation Local flora are important to The Contractor shall: clearance provide shelters for the - Reduce disturbance to surrounding vegetation birds, offer fruits and/or - Use appropriate type and minimum size of machine timber/fire wood, protect to avoid disturbance to adjacent vegetations. soil erosion and overall keep the environment very - Get approval from supervision consultant for friendly to human-living. clearance of vegetation. As such damage to flora has - Make selective and careful pruning of trees where wide range of adverse possible to reduce need of tree removal. environmental impacts. - Control noxious weeds by disposing of at designated dump site or burn on site. - Clear only the vegetation that needs to be cleared in accordance with the plans. These measures are applicable to both the construction areas as well as to any associated activities such as sites for stockpiles, disposal of fill and construction of diversion roads, etc. - Do not burn off cleared vegetation – where feasible, chip or mulch and reuse it for the rehabilitation of affected areas, temporary access tracks or landscaping. Mulch provides a seed source, can limit embankment erosion, retains soil moisture and nutrients, and encourages re-growth and protection from weeds. - Return topsoil and mulched vegetation (in areas of native vegetation) to approximately the same area of the roadside it came from. - Avoid work within the drip-line of trees to prevent damage to the tree roots and compacting the soil. - Minimize the length of time the ground is exposed or excavation left open by clearing and re-vegetate the area at the earliest practically possible. - Ensure excavation works occur progressively and re-vegetation done at the earliest - Provide adequate knowledge to the workers regarding nature protection and the need of avoid felling trees during construction - Supply appropriate fuel in the work caps to prevent fuel wood collection Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 112 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 11: Protection of Fauna Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction The location of construction The Contractor shall: activities activities can result in the - Limit the construction works within the designated loss of wild life habitat and sites allocated to the contractors habitat quality, - check the site for animals trapped in, or in danger from site works and use a qualified person to relocate the animal Impact on migratory birds, The Contractor shall: its habitat and its active - Not be permitted to destruct active nests or eggs of nests migratory birds - Minimize the tree removal during the bird breeding season. If works must be continued during the bird breeding season, a nest survey will be conducted by a qualified biologist prior to commence of works to identify and located active nests - Minimize the release of oil, oil wastes or any other substances harmful to migratory birds to any waters or any areas frequented by migratory birds. Vegetation Clearance of vegetation - The Contractor shall: clearance may impact shelter, feeding - Restrict the tree removal to the minimum required. and/or breeding and/or - Retain tree hollows on site, or relocate hollows, physical destruction and where appropriate severing of habitat areas - Leave dead trees where possible as habitat for fauna - Fell the hollow bearing trees in a manner which reduces the potential for fauna mortality. Felled trees will be inspected after felling for fauna and if identified and readily accessible will be removed and relocated or rendered assistance if injured. After felling, hollow bearing trees will remain unmoved overnight to allow animals to move of their own volition. Construction Illegal poaching - Provide adequate knowledge to the workers camps regarding protection of flora and fauna, and relevant government regulations and punishments for illegal poaching. Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 113 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 13: Road Transport and Road Traffic Management Project Activity/ Impact Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Source Construction Increased traffic use of road The Contractor shall: vehicular traffic by construction vehicles - Prepare and submit a traffic management plan to will affect the movement of WAPDA for their approval at least 30 days before normal road traffics and the commencing work on any project component safety of the road-users. involved in traffic diversion and management. - Include in the traffic management plan to ensure uninterrupted traffic movement during construction: detailed drawings of traffic arrangements showing all detours, temporary road, temporary diversions, necessary barricades, warning signs/lights, road signs, etc. - Provide signs at strategic locations of the roads complying with the schedules of signs contained in the Pakistani Traffic Regulations. - Install and maintain a display board at each important road intersection on the roads to be used during construction, which shall clearly show the following information in Urdu: - Location: chainage and village name - Duration of construction period - Period of proposed detour/alternative route - Suggested detour route map - Name and contact address/telephone number of the concerned personnel - Name and contact address/telephone number of the Contractor - Inconvenience is sincerely regretted. Accidents and spillage of - Restrict truck deliveries, where practicable, to day fuels and chemicals time working hours. - Restrict the transport of oversize loads. - Operate road traffics/transport vehicles, if possible, to non-peak periods to minimize traffic disruptions. - Enforce on-site speed limit Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 114 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 115 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 15: Cultural and Religious Issues Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Construction Disturbance from The Contractor shall: activities near construction works to the - Communicate to the public through community religious and cultural and religious consultation and newspaper announcements cultural sites sites, and contractors lack regarding the scope and schedule of construction, as of knowledge on cultural well as certain construction activities causing issues cause social disruptions or access restriction. disturbances. - Do not block access to cultural and religious sites, wherever possible - Restrict all construction activities within the foot prints of the construction sites. - Stop construction works that produce noise (particularly during prayer time) should there be any mosque/religious/educational institutions close to the construction sites and users make objections. - Take special care and use appropriate equipment when working next to a cultural/religious institution. - Stop work immediately and notify the site manager if, during construction, an archaeological or burial site is discovered. It is an offence to recommence work in the vicinity of the site until approval to continue is given by the PMU - Provide separate prayer facilities to the construction workers. - Show appropriate behavior with all construction workers especially women and elderly people - Allow the workers to participate in praying during construction time - Resolve cultural issues in consultation with local leaders and supervision consultants - Establish a mechanism that allows local people to raise grievances arising from the construction process. - Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security duly informed before commencement of civil works so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 116 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project ECP 16: Worker Health and Safety Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source Best practices Construction works may The Contractor shall: pose health and safety risks - Implement suitable safety standards for all workers to the construction workers and site visitors which should not be less than those and site visitors leading to laid down on the international standards (e.g. severe injuries and deaths. International Labour Office guideline on ‘Safety The population in the and Health in Construction; World Bank Group’s proximity of the ‘Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines’) and construction site and the contractor’s own national standards or statutory construction workers will regulations, in addition to complying with the be exposed to a number of national acts and rules of the Government of (i) biophysical health risk Pakistan factors, (e.g. noise, dust, - Provide the workers with a safe and healthy work chemicals, construction environment, taking into account inherent risks in material, solid waste, waste its particular construction activity and specific water, vector transmitted classes of hazards in the work areas, diseases etc), (ii) risk factors resulting from - Provide personal protection equipment (PPE) for human behavior (e.g. STD, workers, such as safety boots, helmets, masks, HIV etc) and (iii) road gloves, protective clothing, goggles, full-face eye accidents from construction shields, and ear protection. Maintain the PPE traffic. properly by cleaning dirty ones and replacing them with the damaged ones. - Safety procedures include provision of information, training and protective clothing to workers involved in hazardous operations and proper performance of their job - Appoint an environment, health and safety manager to look after the health and safety of the workers - Inform the local authorities responsible for health, religious and security duly informed before commencement of civil works and establishment of construction camps so as to maintain effective surveillance over public health, social and security matters Child and pregnant labour - The Contractor shall: - not hire children of less than 14 years of age and pregnant women or women who delivered a child within 8 preceding weeks, in accordance with the Pakistani Labour Laws and Employment of Child Act (1977). Accidents Lack of first aid facilities - Provide health care facilities and first aid facilities and health care facilities in are readily available. Appropriately equipped first- the immediate vicinity will aid stations should be easily accessible throughout aggravate the health the place of work conditions of the victims - Document and report occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents. - Prevent accidents, injury, and disease arising from, associated with, or occurring in the course of work by minimizing, so far as reasonably practicable, the Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 117 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source causes of hazards. In a manner consistent with good international industry practice. - Identify potential hazards to workers, particularly those that may be life-threatening and provide necessary preventive and protective measures. - Provide awareness to the construction drivers to strictly follow the driving rules - Provide adequate lighting in the construction area and along the roads Construction Lack of proper The Contractor shall provide the following facilities Camps infrastructure facilities, in the campsites to improve health and hygienic such as housing, water conditions as mentioned in ECP 14 Construction supply and sanitation Camp Management: facilities will increase - Adequate ventilation facilities pressure on the local - Safe and reliable water supply. Water supply from services and generate deep tube wells that meets the national standards substandard living standards and health - Hygienic sanitary facilities and sewerage system. hazards. The toilets and domestic waste water will be collected through a common sewerage. - Treatment facilities for sewerage of toilet and domestic wastes - Storm water drainage facilities. - Recreational and social facilities - Safe storage facilities for petroleum and other chemicals in accordance with ECP 2 - Solid waste collection and disposal system in accordance with ECP1. - Arrangement for trainings - Paved internal roads. - Security fence at least two m height. - Sick bay and first aid facilities Water and Lack of Water sanitation - The contractor shall provide portable toilets at the sanitation facilities at construction construction sites, if about 25 people are working facilities at the sites cause inconvenience the whole day for a month. Location of portable construction sites to the construction workers facilities should be at least six m away from storm and affect their personal drain system and surface waters. These portable hygiene. toilets should be cleaned once a day and all the sewerage should be pumped from the collection tank once a day and should be brought to the common septic tank for further treatment. - Contractor should provide bottled drinking water facilities to the construction workers at all the construction sites. Other ECPs Potential risks on health and The Contractor shall follow the following ECPs to hygiene of construction reduce health risks to the construction workers and workers and general public nearby community: - ECP 2: Fuels and Hazardous Goods Management Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 118 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Project Activity/ Environmental Impacts Mitigation Measures/ Management Guidelines Impact Source - ECP 4: Drainage Management - ECP 8: Air Quality Management - ECP 9: Noise and Vibration Management - ECP 13: Road Transport and Road Traffic Management Trainings Lack of awareness and The Contractor shall: basic knowledge in health - Train all construction workers in basic sanitation care among the and health care issues (e.g., how to avoid malaria construction workforce, and transmission of sexually transmitted infections make them susceptible to (STI) HIV/AIDS. potential diseases. - Train all construction workers in general health and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work Training should consist of basic hazard awareness, site specific hazards, safe work practices, and emergency procedures for fire, evacuation, and natural disaster, as appropriate. - Commence the malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign before the start of the construction phase and complement it with by a strong condom marketing, increased access to condoms in the area as well as to voluntary counseling and testing. - Implement malaria, HIV/AIDS and STI education campaign targeting all workers hired, international and national, female and male, skilled, semi- and unskilled occupations, at the time of recruitment and thereafter pursued throughout the construction phase on ongoing and regular basis. This should be complemented by easy access to condoms at the workplace as well as to voluntary counseling and testing. Draft Report Annexure-6: Environmental Code of Practices March 2018 Page | 119 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-7: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Report Location, MMC Site PMD Islamabad Draft Report Annexure-7: Ground Water Quality Monitoring Report March 2018 Page | 120 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-8: Ambient Air Quality and Noise Monitoring Report Ambient Air Quality at MMC Site ,PMD Islamabad Draft Report Annexure-8: Ambient Air Quality and Noise Monitoring Report March 2018 Page | 121 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Atmospheric Condition at MMC Site, PMD Islamabad Draft Report Annexure-8: Ambient Air Quality and Noise Monitoring Report March 2018 Page | 122 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Draft Report Annexure-8: Ambient Air Quality and Noise Monitoring Report March 2018 Page | 123 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Air Quality and Water Sampling Draft Report Annexure-8: Ambient Air Quality and Noise Monitoring Report March 2018 Page | 124 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-9: Birds of Islamabad This is a list of birds found in Islamabad, Pakistan. Seventy-two species of birds have been found in this area. The best places to watch are Margalla Hills and Rawal Lake. â–ª Little grebe, Tachybaptus ruficollis â–ª Little cormorant, Microcarbo niger â–ª Great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo â–ª Black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax â–ª Indian pond heron (Paddybird), Ardeola grayii â–ª Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis â–ª Little egret, Egretta garzetta â–ª Intermediate egret, Egretta intermedia â–ª Grey heron, Ardea cinerea â–ª Purple heron, Ardea purpurea â–ª Common teal, Anas crecca â–ª Black kite, Milvus migrans â–ª Shikra, Accipiter badius â–ª Long-legged buzzard, Buteo rufinus â–ª Eurasian kestrel, Falco tinnunculus â–ª Grey francolin, Francolinus pondicerianus â–ª Common quail, Coturnix coturnix â–ª Brown waterhen, Amaurornis akool â–ª White-breasted waterhen, Amaurornis phoenicurus â–ª Moorhen, Gallinula chloropus â–ª Eurasian coot, Fulica atra â–ª Red-wattled lapwing, Hoplopterus indicus â–ª Common sandpiper, Actitis hypoleucos â–ª Black-headed gull, Larus ridibundus â–ª Feral pigeon, Columba livia â–ª Wood pigeon, Columba palumbus â–ª Collared dove, Streptopelia decaocto â–ª Palm dove, Spilopelia senegalensis â–ª Spotted dove, Spilopelia chinensis â–ª Rose-ringed parakeet, Psittacula krameri â–ª Common koel, Eudynamys scolopacea â–ª Greater coucal, Centropus sinensis â–ª House swift, Apus affinis â–ª White-throated kingfisher, Halcyon smyrnensis â–ª Pied kingfisher, Ceryle rudis â–ª Hoopoe, Upupa epops â–ª Lesser golden-backed woodpecker, Dinopium benghalense â–ª Brown-fronted woodpecker, Dendrocopos auriceps Draft Report Annexure-9: Birds of Islamabad March 2018 Page | 125 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â–ª Crested lark, Galerida cristata â–ª Small skylark, Alauda gulgula â–ª Brown-throated sand martin, Riparia paludicola â–ª Pale sand martin, Riparia diluta â–ª Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica â–ª Red-rumped swallow, Hirundo daurica â–ª Paddyfield pipit, Anthus rufulus â–ª Grey wagtail, Motacilla cinerea â–ª White wagtail, Motacilla alba â–ª Large pied wagtail, Motacilla maderaspatensis â–ª Himalayan bulbul, Pycnonotus leucogenys â–ª Red-vented bulbul, Pycnonotus cafer â–ª Dark-grey bushchat, Saxicola ferrea â–ª Blue rock thrush, Monticola solitarius â–ª Blue whistling thrush, Myophonus caeruleus â–ª Fan-tailed warbler, Cisticola juncidis â–ª Tawny prinia, Prinia inornata â–ª Yellow-bellied prinia, Prinia flaviventris â–ª Hume's leaf warbler, Phylloscopus humei â–ª White-throated fantail, Rhipidura albicollis â–ª Black-chinned babbler, Stachyris pyrrhops â–ª Common babbler, Turdoides caudatus â–ª Jungle babbler, Turdoides striatus â–ª Great tit, Parus major â–ª Bar-tailed treecreeper, Certhia himalayana â–ª Oriental white-eye, Zosterops palpebrosus â–ª Rufous-backed shrike, Lanius schach â–ª Black drongo, Dicrurus macrocercus â–ª House crow, Corvus splendens â–ª Brahminy starling, Sturnus pagodarum â–ª Common myna, Acridotheres tristis â–ª Bank myna, Acridotheres ginginianus â–ª House sparrow, Passer domesticus â–ª Alexandrine parakeet, Psittacula eupatria â–ª Green bee-eater, Merops orientalis â–ª Rufous treepie, Dendrocitta vagabunda â–ª Indian robin, Saxicoloides fulicatus Draft Report Annexure-9: Birds of Islamabad March 2018 Page | 126 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation Record of the Consultation Meeting Establishment of Monsoon Monitoring Center, Islamabad Stakeholder: St. Gabriel’s School Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 9:00 am Meeting Venue: Office of Head Teacher, St. Gabriel’s School Attended by: Mrs Tariq (MT), Head Teacher Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu, English Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed the Mrs Tariq about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu and English. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited Mrs Tariq to express or share her views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. Construction activities may increase dust in the area. MT Noted. The trucks carrying excavated soil should be covered. 2. During the construction of existing tower, no noise or MT Noted. dust pollution was observed. 3. During the construction, mitigation measure should be MT Noted. adopted to avoid noise pollution. 4. The security situation can worse due to influx of labour MT Noted. in the area. Stakeholder: Riphah International University Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 9:40 am Meeting Venue: Manager Operation Office, Riphah International University Attended by: Syed Anis Ahmed (AA), Manager Operation Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu, English Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed Mr Ahmed about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu and English. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited Mr Ahmed to express or share his views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. Draft Report Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation March 2018 Page | 127 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. During the construction of existing tower, no noise or AA Noted. dust pollution was observed. 2. We do not foresee any issue due to the construction of AA Noted. monsoon monitoring center. 3. The construction of monsoon monitoring center is a AA Noted. good step to avoid major disaster. Stakeholder: Beaconhouse School System Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 10:05 am Meeting Venue: Administration Office, Beaconhouse School System Mr Sajjad Rizvi (SR), Deputy Manager, Administration Attended by: Captain Aslam Shah (AS), Administrator Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu, English Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed the participants about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu and English. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited the participants to express or share their views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. During the construction of existing tower, no SR Noted. disturbance was observed. 2. During school time (8:00 am – 2:00 pm), the SR Noted. construction activities should be minimized. 3. The school is located in the vicinity of the proposed AS Noted. Project. Due to influx of labour, the security situation can be worsened. Security arrangements should be made and screening of labour should be ensured. Stakeholder: PAK-EPA Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 10:40 am Meeting Venue: Office of Deputy Director, EPA Attended by: Mr Ehsan Rafi Kiyani (RK), Deputy Director, EIA Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed Mr Kiyani about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited Mr Kiyani to express or share his views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. Draft Report Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation March 2018 Page | 128 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. There is no compliance monitoring of existing tower. RK Noted. 2. No scoping consultation is made before the RK Noted. construction of resident’s block of PMD. 3. Share PC-1 status with EPA. RK Noted. 4. For the consultation, visit EPA with the Project RK Noted. Proponent. Stakeholder: Pakistan Institute of Trade and Development (PITD) Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 11:10 am Meeting Venue: Office of Assistant Project Director, PITD Attended by: Mr Saud Jan (SJ), Assistant Project Director Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed Mr Jan about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited Mr Jan to express or share his views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. Air quality can be affected by fugitive dust emissions SJ Noted. from construction machinery; dust from the construction vehicles. 2. Mitigation measures should be taken to avoid dust SJ Noted. pollution. 3. Due to construction activities waste will be generated SJ Noted. at construction site. Solid waste generated during construction site should be safely disposed in the designated area. Stakeholder: Wapda Administrative Staff College Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 11:45 am Meeting Venue: Office of the Chief Engineer, Wapda Administrative Staff College Attended by: Eng Khalid Mehmood Qureshi (MQ), Chief Engineer/Principle Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed Mr Qureshi about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained Draft Report Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation March 2018 Page | 129 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project in Urdu. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited Mr Qureshi to express or share his views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. The construction of monsoon monitoring center is a MQ Noted. good step to avoid major disaster. 2. We do not foresee any negative impact of the proposed MQ Noted. Project. Stakeholder: National Transport Research Center (NTRC) Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 12:20 pm Meeting Venue: Administration Office, NTRC Javed Iqbal (JI), Assistant Attended by: Abdul Qadeer (AQ), Assistant Administration Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed the participants about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited the participants to express or share their views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. The construction of monsoon monitoring center is a JI Noted. good step to avoid major disaster. 2. During the construction of existing tower, no issues JI Noted. were observed. Stakeholder: Regional Training Institute Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 12:45 pm Meeting Venue: Office of the Principle, Regional Training Institute Attended by: Dr Alveen (DA), Principle Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed Dr Alveen about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited Dr Alveen to express or share her views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. Draft Report Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation March 2018 Page | 130 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. Due to the construction activities, traffic management DA Noted. may pose a challenge in the Project area. This may result in traffic jams and cause inconvenience to the people passing through the project area. 2. We do not foresee any major issue apart from the DA Noted. congestion of traffic. Stakeholder: Residential Colony of Pakistan Meteorological Department Date: Feb 20, 2018 Time: 01:15 pm Meeting Venue: PMD Colony Waheed Sheikh (WS) Attended by: Muhammad Ashfaq (MA) Wazir Baig (WB) Conducted by: Rashid Khan, Public Consultation Consultant Recorded by: Rashid Khan Language: Urdu Information Provided: The discussion started with the introduction of the consultant. Mr Khan briefed the participants about the purpose of the meeting and gave a comprehensive description of the Project. The main points of the Project were verbally explained in Urdu. At the end of the informative session, Mr Khan invited the participants to express or share their views/concerns. The views/concerns raised are discussed. No. Issues Raised By Response Provided 1. No disturbance was observed during the construction WS Noted. of existing tower. 2. Same construction plan should be planned for the MA Noted. construction of proposed monsoon monitoring center. 3. Security arrangements should be the priority. WS Noted. Draft Report Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation March 2018 Page | 131 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Photographs of Consultations in Islamabad Consultation with Riphah International University Consultation with St. Gabriel’s School Consultation with Pakistan Institute of Trade and Development Draft Report Annexure-10: Record and of Stakeholder Consultation March 2018 Page | 132 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-11: Asbestos Handling Guidelines Guidelines Asbestos and Asbestos Based Product use during Construction Asbestos is a group of naturally occurring fibrous silicate minerals. It was used widely in the production of many industrial and household products because of its useful properties, including fire retardation, electrical and thermal insulation, chemical and thermal stability, and high tensile strength4. Asbestos based products include Asbestos –Cement (A-C) construction materials such as A-C flat and corrugated sheets, A-C pipe, and A-C water storage tanks. Over 90% of the asbestos fiber produced today is chrysotile which is found in these products. Vehicle brake, clutch pads, roofing and gaskets are some other products that are still being manufactured with asbestos content. Due to international laws banning the use of asbestos, it is hardly used in construction materials other than asbestos –cement products. However, it is still found in older buildings in the form of friable surfacing materials, thermal system insulations, non-friable flooring materials, and other applications. In Sri Lanka, asbestos roofing sheets are widely used as it is the most cost effective and durable material given climate, environment and other factors. Other alternatives to asbestos roofing sheets in Sri Lanka are clay tile, zinc-aluminum, cadjan (matted coconut/Palmyra/palm leaves) and concrete. These alternatives have disadvantages such as: â–ª Clay tiles are easy to remove, and in areas where there are monkeys it poses a practical problem. Monkeys tend to travel over roofs and either deliberately or accidentally break tiles, thus expenses for replacing is high. 
 â–ª Zinc-Aluminum – While durable and long lasting, given the tropical climate and monsoon rains, such roofing heats up during the day and during rainy periods the noise makes it impractical especially to use in classrooms. 
 â–ª Cement – due to the climate in Sri Lanka if not properly treated can result in leaks and damage to the structure. Furthermore, in high temperatures the heat absorption is high thus increasing the temperature in the buildings. In classrooms, it would make it difficult for students and teachers to work. Furthermore, concrete roofs are costly, and will not be affordable, given the large number of school infrastructure requirements that will need to be met through the project. 
 â–ª Cadjan roofs while environmentally friendly, need to be replaced frequently, causes leaks and will not be acceptable on school buildings. 
 Ban on Asbestos Use: 
 As health risks related to exposure to asbestos is widely known, many countries have banned the commercial use of asbestos. The International Labour Organization (ILO) established an Asbestos Convention (C162) in 1986 to promote national laws and regulations for the “prevention and control of, and protection of workers against, health hazards due to 
 occupational exposure to asbestosâ€?. As of March 4, 2008, 31 countries had ratified the 
 Convention, 17 of them have banned asbestos use. ILO asbestos convention requirements include: Draft Report Annexure-11: Asbestos Handling Guidelines March 2018 Page | 133 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â–ª Work clothing to be provided by employers, 
 â–ª Double changing rooms and wash facilities to prevent dust from going home on street 
clothes, 
Training of workers about the health hazards to themselves and their families, 
Periodic medical examinations of workers, 
 â–ª Periodic air monitoring of the work environment, with records retained for 30 years, â–ª Development of a work plan for demolition work, to protect workers and provide for proper 
waste disposal, and 
 â–ª Protection from retaliatory and disciplinary measures of workers who remove 
 themselves from work that they are justified in believing presents a serious danger to health. 
 Health Risks: 
 Health hazards from breathing asbestos dust include: 
 â–ª Asbestosis – a lung scarring disease 
 â–ª Form of cancer such as mesothelioma. 
 The main risks of exposure from asbestos is where fibers are easily made air borne under little pressure, such as cutting of A-C products that can release fibers. Risks are from construction materials that need to be altered, repaired and disposed of that may release particles into the air, and increase the risk of inhalation. Renovations, repairs and decommission of buildings containing A-C products such as roof sheets can pose a risk. 
However, in the case of Asbestos –Cement (AC) corrugated sheets, the fiber is present in the non- friable form which means that fiber is embedded in cement and cannot be easily air-borne. Such materials are known to have little health risk once (a) the roof has been completed and (b) given that material is in good condition and not disturbed8. 
Although IDA Group’s Good Practice Note on Asbestos , and its Health and Safety Guidelines do not encourage the use of asbestos products in construction, in light of the practical uses for construction of school infrastructure, the costs, its availability in local markets and lack of feasible alternatives, the use of asbestos is the most feasible option. However, to minimize the health risks that asbestos products do pose, the following guidelines adapted from the World Bank’s Health and Safety Guidelines and other sources are recommended to be followed. As Sri Lanka has no regulations regarding the use of Asbestos, the use of ILO convention guidelines as stated above are recommended as well. 
 Construction phase: 
 â–ª To minimize the risk of damage of A-C sheets for roofing, transportation of material must be done with care. Where possible, sheets should be transported in airtight containers or with dust covers. 
 â–ª During installation of sheets, ensure that damage is minimized. Use of power tools to drill holes that may release particles needs to be kept to the minimum. 
 â–ª Use a protective sheet (i.e. insulation foil) between the A-C sheets and the classrooms to reduce the risk of minute particles entering the rooms. 
 â–ª Workers who are involved in handling and installing A-C sheets should take precautions to minimize exposure by wearing protective masks and showering to Draft Report Annexure-11: Asbestos Handling Guidelines March 2018 Page | 134 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project minimize spread of dust. Work clothes used during the installation of sheets should be washed and workers change to clean clothes before leaving construction site. 
 â–ª Workers should be made aware of the risks of A-C sheets, and how to minimize these risks. Post Construction/De-Commissioning: 
 â–ª Contractors should dispose of waste containing asbestos in a manner that does not pose a health risk to the workers concerned or the population in the vicinity. Disposal at approved landfills and prompt burial under various levels of material apply to friable asbestos waste. Contractors should consult the Local Authority and Central Environmental Authority to obtain guidance on proper disposal of material. 
 â–ª Contractor should be encouraged to develop an asbestos management plan that identifies the content (whether it is in friable form and has potential to release fibers), and proper removal procedures. 
 â–ª During the removal of A-C sheets, workers should wear proper protective gear such as masks and shower to prevent the spread of dust. Clothes worn during this process should be washed and workers should change into clean clothes prior to leaving construction site. 
 â–ª Workers who are, or have been, exposed to asbestos in their occupational activities should be provided, in accordance with national laws and practices, with such medical examinations as are necessary to supervise their health in relation to the occupational hazard, and to diagnose occupational diseases caused by exposure to asbestos. For the prevention of disease and functional impairment related to exposure to asbestos, all workers assigned to work involving asbestos exposure should be provided with: 
 â–¡ a pre-assignment medical examination; â–¡ periodic medical examinations at appropriate intervals (at least every 3 years); â–¡ other tests and investigations, in particular chest radiographs and lung function test, which may be necessary to supervise their state of health in relation to the occupational hazard and to identify early indicators of disease caused by asbestos; â–¡ a copy of their medical record. â–¡ The above requirements will be based on the type of construction and its magnitude. Draft Report Annexure-11: Asbestos Handling Guidelines March 2018 Page | 135 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-12: Chance Find procedures A. Chance Find Procedures Chance find procedures which will be used during this Project are as follows: â–ª Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find; â–ª Delineate the discovered site or area; â–ª Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be present until the responsible local authorities and the Ministry in charge of Department of Archaeology take over; â–ª Notify the supervisory Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the Ministry immediately (within 24 hours or less); â–ª Responsible local authorities and the Ministry in charge of Department of Archaeology would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archeologists of the Department of Archaeology and Museums (within 72 hours). The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; those include the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values; â–ª Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the responsible authorities and the Ministry in charge of Department of Archaeology. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage; â–ª Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by the Ministry in charge of Department of Archaeology; and â–ª Construction work could resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities and the Ministry in charge of Department of Archaeology concerning safeguard of the heritage. These procedures must be referred to as standard provisions in construction contracts, when applicable. During project supervision, the Site Engineer shall monitor the above regulations relating to the treatment of any chance find encountered or observed. Draft Report Annexure-12: Chance Find procedures March 2018 Page | 136 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-13: Sample Terms of Reference Environmental Safeguards Specialist Environmental Safeguards Specialist will be based in Project Implementation Unit (PIU) PMD Islamabad. Tasks: Environmental Safeguards Specialist will be responsible for the following duties and responsibilities relevant to project environmental safeguards compliances and mitigation measures Objective: Provide expert support to executing agencies in the office and field, provide support to implement activities related to the project components for compliance to environmental safeguards and mitigation measures. Main responsibilities are: â–ª Deal with environmental aspects of the project and provide feedback to the Project Director on implementation of environmental action plan under the activities of the project. â–ª Support in compliance of the credit conditions and covenants pertaining to Environmental Safeguards. â–ª Update in Implementation of Environmental aspects of the project. â–ª Oversee environmental monitoring of the ESMF and site specific ESMPs â–ª Provide technical support to works consultants in the development of site specific ESMPs â–ª Coordinate with implementing agencies and works contractors for onsite implementation of ESMPs. â–ª Organize and conduct the trainings on ESMF and ESMP compliances as proposed in mitigation plan. â–ª Prepare monthly, quarterly progress reports of Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF). â–ª Prepare final progress report of the ESMF and submit to the World Bank. â–ª Ensure the HSE compliance onsite by the civil works consultants / contractor at project sites. â–ª Coordinate and conduct Environmental Field Monitoring visits of Project Areas. â–ª Review and revision of documents and ensuring timely delivery of outputs as agreed between The World Bank and PIU, PMD. â–ª As and when required contribute to the ongoing activities of the safeguard unit. â–ª Assist the Project Director in routine office matter when require. â–ª Work as the focal point for World Bank to provide necessary requirements of environmental compliances within the project. Draft Report Annexure-13: Sample Terms of Reference March 2018 Page | 137 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Academic Qualification: Post Graduate degree in Environmental Sciences with 5-8 years of relevant work experience in dealing with Environmental management and implementation in development projects. Salary and Benefits: PMD will decide as per their rules and regulations for the project Duration: Till project duration Social Safeguards Specialist Social Safeguards Specialist will be based in Project Implementation Unit (PIU) PMD Islamabad. Tasks: Social Safeguards Specialist will be responsible for the following duties and responsibilities relevant to project social safeguards compliances and mitigation measures Objective: Provide expert support to executing agencies in the office and field, provide support to implement activities related to the project components for compliance to social safeguards and mitigation measures. Main responsibilities are: â–ª Deal with social aspects of the project and provide feedback to the Project Director on implementation of RPF, GRM and social safeguards under the activities of the project. â–ª Support in compliance of the conditions and covenants pertaining to Social Safeguards. â–ª Oversee social monitoring of ESMPs â–ª Provide technical support to works consultants in the development of site specific ESMPs â–ª Coordinate with implementing agencies and works contractors for onsite implementation of ESMPs. â–ª Organize and conduct the trainings on ESMF and ESMP compliances as proposed in mitigation plan. â–ª Prepare monthly, quarterly progress reports of ESMP â–ª Coordinate and conduct Social Field Monitoring visits of Project Areas. â–ª Review and revision of documents and ensuring timely delivery of outputs as agreed between The World Bank and PIU, PMD. â–ª As and when required contribute to the ongoing activities of the safeguard unit. â–ª To carry out the screening of the sub-projects with respect to the social aspects as defined in the ESMF; â–ª Monitor and check the proper implementation of all social mitigation measures as suggested in ESMP; Draft Report Annexure-13: Sample Terms of Reference March 2018 Page | 138 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project â–ª Monitoring and evaluation of social related matters of the project and maintain a social complaint register to document social issues; â–ª Top supervise the Contractor’s activities and make sure that all the contractual obligations related to the social compliance are met; â–ª Review of periodic environmental and social reports being prepared by the investor/contractor â–ª Ensure inclusion of ESMMP guidelines in project designs. Academic Qualification: Post Graduate degree in Social Sciences with 5-8 years of relevant work experience in dealing with Environmental management and implementation in development projects. Salary and Benefits: PMD will decide as per their rules and regulations for the project Duration: Till project duration. Draft Report Annexure-13: Sample Terms of Reference March 2018 Page | 139 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) Design Phase 1. Incorporate technical design measures to minimize Construction The project sites MMC unnecessary removal of trees and vegetative cover; designs Biodiversity and and AWS may require 2. Plan for compensatory planting of eight trees against each Tree count Natural Resources clearing of vegetation fallen tree of similar floral function; Compensatory Tree for site clearing. 3. Disallow introduction of invasive/ exotic species; and Plantation Plans recommend native species for plantation. Tree Species 4. The building design will be earthquake resistant according to Building Codes of Pakistan with Seismic provision and international best practices to avoid damage caused by earthquake; 5. Variety of structural engineering measures or structural Sub-project design components like shear walls, braced frames, moment maps with The Sub-project site is resisting frames, and diaphragms, base isolation, energy incorporation of dissipating devices and bracing of non-structural building code for in Zone 3 prone to Natural Disasters components are proposed. Simpler techniques include Zone 3 natural disasters avoiding soft stories and bolting the sill plate of houses to including earthquakes. the foundation; Construction contractor ToRs 6. Primary focus of earthquake design is initial life safety and getting people out of the building safely, not necessarily the ability of a building to withstand the effects of an earthquake, or to ensure occupancy or functionality following an event. Therefore building design will include emergency exits and alarm system. 1. International best practice will be engaged for design There will be an provisions to be followed for water, electricity and natural Water /Electricity/ Design provision increase in gas conservation; Natural Gas/ Fuel for water, infrastructure utilities/ Consumption 2. Water meters will be made part of the design in each electricity, natural resource consumption building to monitor the consumption; gas and fuel due to construction 3. Design of buildings will include installation of Solar conservation work. Panels; Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 140 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) 4. Provision of Low Voltage electrical appliances will be made in procurement procedures; 5. Provision of pick and drop will be made part of sub-project design to manage the resource consumption including fuel and reduction in GHG emissions. 6. Prepare Energy and Water Conservation Plan for construction 1. Air quality and noise level baselines will be established to enable monitoring during construction phase; 2. Provision of compliance to NEQS of vehicular emission will be made in the contract of construction contractor, and Preparation of Project activities Emissions associated with SOP’s of PMD vehicles; Monitoring Plan, construction may 3. Locations of Batching Plant, concrete mixers and other Traffic increase the ambient air noise generating equipment will be identified away from Air Quality and Management Plan At the time of quality and noise levels residents; Noise Levels and Site design of the at the sub-project 4. Prepare Emissions Monitoring Plan Management Plan sites. The impacts are 5. Traffic Management Plan for construction will be likely to be high. formulated during design phase that enable continuous Construction traffic flow and avoid congestions which result in increased contractor ToRs vehicle smoke density at a given area; 6. Construction Site Management Plan to neutralize dust emissions from construction activity, such as regular watering of sub-project sites to settle dust to be included in ToRs of Civil Works contractor. Improper solid waste 3. Solid Waste Management Plan will be executed by Construction disposal can result in Contractor. In case of the occurrence of toxic/hazardous chemical Solid Waste increased air pollution materials, it will be handled according to hazardous waste Management Plan through burning of management best international practices. The Waste Management waste, vector borne Plan will be prepared with following provision: Contractual binding At award of Solid Waste on prohibited use of construction Management diseases, contamination a. Solid waste collection, segregation, storage and disposal will be of water sources and Hazardous Material Contract carried out for waste generated. For at source segregation separate ambient aesthetics for for construction waste bins will be placed at sub-project sites. Recyclable material will be segregated whereas non-hazardous waste will be disposed- contractor (CC) surrounding off at approved disposal site; communities. The Construction b. Labeling of containers will be carried out including the contractor ToRs impacts are likely to be identification and quantity of the contents, hazard information; high. Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 141 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) c. Marking of Hazardous/toxic waste ‘if generated’ separately and disposal using international best practices through registered contractor; d. Used oil will be collected in separate containers stored on impervious platform with restricted access and must be sold to licensed contractor; e. Burning of solid and waste oil should be strictly prohibited f. Training of workers will be carried out in the storage and handling of materials and chemicals that can potentially cause soil contamination; g. Emergency Response Plan will be prepared to address the accidental spillage of fuels and hazardous/toxic material, fire, vandalism and natural hazards; 4. On completion of the construction phase of the project, the contractor will be required to rehabilitate the site. Rehabilitation will include removal of all construction materials and wastes, and the grading and landscaping of all exposed sites that may be prone to erosion. Where natural erosion protection measures may not be possible or practical, suitable physical erosion protection methods will be used. The purposes of site rehabilitation will be to minimize the potential for soil erosion, enhance the aesthetic appearance of the site and restore safe public access to the surrounding area. Use of heavy machinery and handling of chemicals by workers At award of Workers Health 1. Prepare a Worker Health and Safety Plan for the Worker Health and can result in health Construction and Safety construction phase Safety Plan impacts and accidents. Contract The impacts are likely to be high. Construction Phase Construction at sites is 1. Safe drainage of run-off from construction activities will Visual inspections likely to carry out site be ensured; and photographic clearance, vehicular, 2. Removal of vegetation and trees will be avoided to the record of site Landscape/Soil labour and machinery clearing and oil Daily extent possible; movement causing soil spills. 3. Water will be sprinkled during construction to avoid soil erosion and compaction. erosion and dust pollution; Water sprinkling There is also a potential Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 142 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) for contamination of 4. Construction materials will be stored in proper stores on soil via runoff from impervious sheets to avoid any soil contamination; construction activities 5. Machinery and vehicles will be operated at designated including oil spills, routes to avoid traffic congestion, control emmissions etc. ; construction material, 6. Visual Inspection will be carried out for land dredged / spoil materials contamination and dust emissions; and construction waste. 7. The soil contaminated from minor and moderate spills will Impact on soil quality be removed and will be handed over to waste contractor for is Moderate in case of treatment at nearest incineration facilityat Attock refinery the spill. Rawalpindi; ; 8. Major spills may require specialized treatment such as incineration, bioremediation and biodegradation. The biological agents will be introduced to the spill to hasten biodegradation. Most of the components of oil will be broken down by bacteria and other microorganisms into harmless substances such as fatty acids and carbon dioxide. To stimulate the growth of the microorganisms, fertilizing nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous will be placed near the oil tanks 1. Contractor shall provide an Emissions Monitoring Plan to ensure constant checking of emissions by construction The construction machinery and vehicles; Contractor should provide an activities at sub-project operations and maintenance plan for the same; sites will cause impact 2. Water will be sprinkled twice a day to avoid fugitive dust on air quality, cement emissions; mixers (Batch Plant), 3. Construction machinery and vehicles will be kept in good Ambient Air Ambient Air movement of the conditions to avoid vehicular emissions. Vehicular and Quality monitoring Quality and machinery, generators generator exhaust emissions will be monitored to ensure for SOx, NOx and Monthly Climate soil excavation, compliance; Particulate Matter construction vehicles, is 4. Unnecessary movement of vehicles will be avoided at the PM2.5/10 likely to generate dust construction location; and exhaust emissions. 5. Open burning of solid waste from the construction site Impact on local air should be strictly banned; quality is high 6. Wind breaks /barriers (either natural or constructed) will be deployed to reduce the possibility of suspended particles in air; Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 143 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) 7. Raw materials such as cement, gravels and sand will be kept under sheet covers to prevent air flow; 8. In order to further reduce the environmental impact Cement Works (Concrete Batching Plant), the concrete batching plant will incorporate the following design and practices: â–ª Cement will be transferred directly from trucks to the construction site. â–ª All mixing will be in the enclosed electric motor driven plant mixer, NOT in trucks. â–ª Truck loaded with concrete will be in wet form. â–ª All washing water used by the batch plant and storm water will be collected and stored and recycled for re-use. â–ª No water will be discharged outside the plant boundary. â–ª Concrete recycling machine be used to recycle waste material to slurry water and aggregates for reuse. Drainage channel in close vicinity of MMC 1. Debris Management Plan; the contractor will ensure that is a drainage channel construction debris does not find its way into the drainage (nullah) leading to or water channels which may get clogged; Naullah lai. 2. Prohibit washing of machinery and vehicles in surface Construction activities waters,; ; may encourage soil 3. All fuel storage will be properly marked to highlight their erosion and waste may contents with a concrete pad underneath to prevent Surface/Ground increase the sediment contamination in case of leaks or spills. Daily monitoring Surface Water Monthly Water Resources loads into the city will be carried out for leaks. Shovels, plastic bags, and Quality Quarterly drainage, while absorbent material will be placed near fuel and oil accidental leaks/spills of storage or handling areas to attend spills and leaks; oil/fuel from storage 4. Used oil and vehicle related waste will be transported to tanks or maintenance local contractors for recycling or reuse; vehicles can also pollute surface waters. The 5. Proper disposal of solid and sewage waste from workers impact is likely to be sanitation facilities to ensure it is not disposed in the moderate as the drainage channel. construction site is 500 Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 144 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) meters away from the drainage channel. Construction activities 1. Contractor will execute the Energy and Water require a large amount Conservation Plan of water that may 2. Water meters will be installed at sub-project site to monitor Water, Electricity Water /Electricity/ reduce the availability water consumption; and Natural Gas Natural Gas and of water in residing 3. Construction staff will be trained on water conservation Consumption Monthly/ Fuel Consumption area. It will add load to practices to avoid excessive loss; 4. Water required for construction should be obtained in a Energy Quarterly the electricity, natural way so that water availability and supply to residing area Conservation Plan gas fuel consumption increasing GHG remains unaffected; emissions. The impact 5. Approval will be attained from CDA prior to construction is likely to be high. work. 1. Solid Waste Management Plan will be prepared for all sub-project sites to be used by Construction Contractor. The Waste Management Plan will be prepared with During construction following provision of hazardous chemical handling plan: phase, solid waste can 2. Solid waste collection, segregation, storage and disposal be generated from will be carried out for waste generated. For at source discarded equipment Solid waste segregation separate waste bins will be placed at sub- Management Plan parts, scrap metals, project sites. Recyclable material will be segregated equipment boxes, wood whereas non-hazardous waste will be disposed-off properly Amount and type of Solid Waste parts, empty bags, and at approved disposal site; solid waste Generation leftover construction generated from sub- Monthly 3. Labeling of containers will be carried out including the debris. The construction identification and quantity of the contents, hazard project sites; material and waste may information; List of hazardous include toxic/hazardous 4. Marking of Hazardous/toxic waste ‘if generated’ chemical used for chemical materials. If separately and disposal using international best practices construction not contained the impact through registered contractor; of solid waste is likely 5. Used oil will be collected in separate containers stored on to be high. impervious platform with restricted access and must be sold to licensed contractor; 6. Burning of solid and waste oil should be strictly prohibited Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 145 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) 7. Training of workers will be carried out in the storage and handling of materials and chemicals that can potentially cause soil contamination; 8. Emergency Response Plan will be prepared to address the accidental spillage of fuels and hazardous/toxic material, fire, vandalism and natural hazards; 9. On completion of the construction phase of the project, the contractor will be required to rehabilitate the site. Rehabilitation will include removal of all construction materials and wastes, and the grading and landscaping of all exposed sites that may be prone to erosion. Where natural erosion protection measures may not be possible or practical, suitable physical erosion protection methods will be used. The purposes of site rehabilitation will be to minimize the potential for soil erosion, enhance the aesthetic appearance of the site and restore safe public access to the surrounding area. 1. The location for stationary noise sources like asphalt plant, grinding, drilling and welding machinery will be The construction selected at a reasonable distance from residing activities are likely to population. The cement tankers will be working inside generate Moderate noise enclosure with cladding to reduce noise; levels. The sources of 2. The construction material loaders will only operate noise in construction during night time as per rules of traffic police in include Asphalt Plant Islamabad. Working hours will be allocated for the use excavation work, heavy of batch plant, equipment and other machinery; Noise Monitoring Noise Levels earth moving Residing Areas and Monthly 3. School time and late night construction activities will be equipment/ machinery, avoided; Construction Site pilling work, welding, cuttings, drilling, 4. Use of noise barriers in locations next to schools; grinding and material 5. Blowing of horn will be strictly prohibited; loading/offloading 6. Noise monitoring will be carried out at various locations vehicles. Impact is using noise meters. Site labour working in high noise likely to be high. areas including asphalt plant, grinding and welding machinery, where noise level exceeds 85 dB (A), will wear earplugs and ear muffs; Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 146 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) 7. Measures will be taken to maintain noise level of 55 dB at day and 45 dB at night time The impacts on ecology are negligible entirely 1. Eight trees will be planted for every tree cut during Tree count Biodiversity and build up an there are construction; ecological resources very few trees. Tree Plantation in Prior /Start/ 2. Invasive or exotic species will not be introduced designated area and Post (Flora and Fauna) However, if the through plantation. count eight for one construction construction require cutting of trees and cut clearing of vegetation. 1. Use signage to inform general public of construction area and its limits 2. Train drivers operating heavy vehicles in road and Construction activities pedestrian safety; and movement of heavy Traffic 3. Set appropriate speed limits to avoid accidents; Public Health and vehicles may impact Management Plan public safety. Similarly 4. Use of heavy vehicles on public roads will be avoided Safety during hours when students are coming to school or Public Safety Plan Monthly emissions and noise from the site may leaving school; Complaint/ impact the health of 5. Placement of construction and diversion signage, Accident Register residing communities particularly at urban areas and at sensitive/accident- prone spots, in accordance to a Public Safety Plan; 6. Provision of alternate routes for use by the public will be planned. 1. The workers have full access to health facilities and Use of heavy machinery emergency response centers (fire, earthquake and and handling of floods) and police station. In case of emergency, the Workers Health and hazardous waste and Workers Health injured will be taken to the nearest medical facility, Safety Plan and chemicals may result in and Safety Shifa International Hospital. trainings Monthly health impacts for workers on the 2. Provision of clean drinking water will be ensured for the Medical record of construction site. construction crew; workers 3. Hygiene inspections will be carried out to avoid disease epidemic; Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 147 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) 4. In case of unlikely incidents (fire, vandalism) the workers will be evacuated and emergency response and law enforcement agencies will be engaged; 5. Fire safety alarms will be installed at various locations; 6. Fire extinguishers will be placed at various locations including a water hose installation at ground level; 7. Fire safety and emergency response trainings will be conducted; 8. Hazards indicator signs and firefighting equipment will be installed; 9. The construction crew will be trained on important aspects of workplace safety; 10. Construction machinery operators and drivers will be trained to avoid associated accidents using machines and vehicles; 11. Flammables and other toxic materials will be marked and stored at secured sites; 12. Onsite first aid kits will be kept at construction sites and randomly moving vehicles\machinery. 13. Do not allow workers with inadequate training to operate heavy machinery; 14. Provision of appropriate and high quality Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to workers such as gloves, vests, hard-hats, masks etc.; 
 15. Train workers in the use of PPE and safety measures while using heavy machinery and handling chemicals. 16. Follow guidelines for Asbestos and Asbestos based product use in construction (Annexure 11) Impact is likely to be 1. The construction work will be stopped at the time of the Consultation with Physical /Cultural/ low as the only sensitive funeral and burial at the grave yard. the relevant Archeological site close to sub project Continuous 2. Construction staff will be trained and informed on departments Resources MMC is a grave yard. identifying the evidence of archaeological/historic Preparation of PCR Excavation work during remains; Plan, if needed. construction may result Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 148 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) in the uncovering of 3. In case evidence of archaeological remains is found ancient sites or artifacts. during construction activities, the actions listed below will be undertaken. â–ª Excavation work in the vicinity of the find will be stopped; â–ª Assistance will be sought from the nearest office of the Department of Archaeology and Museums to identify the remains; â–ª If the department decides to salvage the find, PMD will provide assistance. â–ª Detailed procedure for Archaeological Chance Finds included in Annexure 12. 1. Implementation of Traffic Management Plan 2. Vehicles will be inspected prior to start of construction work. 3. Alternate routes will be created to avoid disturbance to school and hospital; The sub-project sites are 4. Construction site will be barricaded to minimize in urban area close to accidental injuries and visual nuisance to the general social sensitive public; Traffic Traffic receptors like schools, 5. Movement of construction equipment will be limited to Management PLan Management colleges, offices and specific duration when there is least disturbance to the Construction Continuous residents. The residing offices and educational institutes; vehicles trimmings construction work may 6. Adequate road signs will be erected to warn general Accident register highly impact the traffic public; flow. 7. The contractor will be advised to follow vehicular maintenance to reduce engine noise; 8. Drivers will be trained to follow the designated routes and avoid honking; 9. The construction trucks will be adequately covered with tarpaulin covers to avoid flow into air. Operations Phase Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 149 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) An increase in number 1. The project staff will be advised to car pool and use and of vehicles entering the local transport; Air Quality and offices may pose 2. Provision of pick and drop for staff to avoid additional Vehicular Quarterly Climate moderate negative load on air quality; Emissions impacts on the air 3. Vehicles with excessive smoke emissions should not be quality of the area. allowed to enter the sub-project locations. The operation of MCC is not likely to pollute Surface and ground water; however, 1. Ensure sewage is directed into municipal drains leading Ground water Ground Water Biannual the impact on surface to sewerage treatment Plant. /drinking quality Resources water through sewerage is likely to be moderate. There will be an increase in solid waste 1. Monitor and ensure that solid waste collection is generation due to provided by the municipality. additional staff and 2. Decrease solid waste going to landfills by segregating at building maintenance. source with labeled dust bins for biodegradable, non- In the presence of waste biodegradable and recyclable products; Weight of waste Solid Waste disposal system in the generated and Monthly Generation 3. Disposal of biodegradable to the municipality for area impact is Moderate disposal treatment; Hazardous waste will 4. Clearance of reusable and recyclable waste to certified include rechargeable recycling companies. batteries from the AWS 5. Recycling of batteries and solar panels. 1. Water meters will be installed to assess the water There will be an consumption and water sensors at taps to avoid the increase in electricity, wastage in case of leakages; Electricity/ Water water, natural gas and 2. Plumping system will be checked and maintained on Electricity/ Water /Natural Gas /Fuel fuel consumption as the monthly basis; /Natural Gas /Fuel Monthly Consumption sub-project is likely to 3. Installation of Korean technology toilets that enable the Consumption hire staff. The impact is reuse of sink water in WC. Similarly in Korea most high building have waste water treatment plants installed in the basement for water conservation; Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 150 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Environmental and Monitoring Aspects Proposed Mitigation Measures Yes No Comments Social Impacts Parameter(s) 4. The staff of PMD will be trained on water conservation; 5. Use of solar panels to generate electricity Draft Report Annexure-14: ESSMP Monitoring Checklist March 2018 Page | 151 ESMP Monsoon Monitoring Center Pakistan Hydro-Meteorological and DRM Services Project Annexure-15: Quarterly Progress Report 1. Project Description 2. Internal Monitoring 1. ESSMP Monitoring Checklist 2. Monitoring Reports 3. ESMP Reporting 3. Construction site monitoring report 4. Traffic management monitoring report 5. Time table of works 6. Construction waste monitoring report 7. Noise, air and vehicular emission monitoring report 8. Water quality monitoring report 9. Labour health and safety monitoring report 10. Labour training Monitoring report 11. Hazardous waste handling Monitoring report 12. Energy and water conservation Monitoring report 13. Site restoration monitoring report 14. Sampling, testing and monitoring Report 4. External Monitoring/Third Party Validation Third Party Evaluation Report 5. Corrective Action Plan 6. Photographic Evidence Draft Report Annexure-15: Quarterly Progress Report March 2018 Page | 152