Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Report No: PAD2426 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION PROJECT PAPER ON A PROPOSED ADDITIONAL CREDIT AND RESTRUCTURING IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR 33 MILLION (US$45.7 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA FOR THE SUSTAINABLE RURAL WATER AND SANITATION PROJECT June 7, 2017 Water Global Practice Africa Region This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective May 31, 2017) Currency Unit = Ghanaian Cedi (GHS) US$1 = GHS 4.32 US$1 = SDR 0.72237633 FISCAL YEAR January 01 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AF Additional Financing IMF International Monetary Fund ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Plan IRR Internal Rate of Return BCC Behavior Change Communication LCD Liter Per Capita Per Day CLTS Community Led Total Sanitation LMIC Lower Middle Income Country COM Community Ownership & M&E Monitoring and Evaluation Management CPS Country Partnership Strategy MDG Millennium Development Goal CWSA Community Water and Sanitation MMDA Metropolitan, Municipal and Agency District Assemblies DA District Assembly MOFEP Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning DACF District Assemblies Common Fund MS Marginally Satisfactory DDF District Development Fund NCWSP National Community Water and Sanitation DEHO District Environmental Health NPF New Procurement Framework Officers DiMES District Monitoring and Evaluation OCSPR Operations Core Services- System Procurement Policy and Services DOM District Ownership & Management ODF Open Defecation Free DP Development Partner O&M Operations and Maintenance DWD District Works Department PAD Project Appraisal Document DWSP District Water and Sanitation Plan PDO Project Development Objective DWST District Water and Sanitation Team PPSD Project Procurement Strategy for Development EA Environmental Assessment P-RAMS Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System EHSD Environmental, Health and Sanitation PVC Polyvinyl Chloride Directorate (under the MLGRD) EPA Environmental Protection Agency RCC Regional Coordinating Council ESHS Environment, Social, Health and REHO Regional Health Environmental Safety Offices ii ESMF Environmental and Social RPF Resettlement Policy Framework Management Framework GDP Gross Domestic Product SDG Sustainable Development Goal GHS Ghana Health Services SDR Special Drawing Rights GOG Government of Ghana SIS Sector Information System GPRS Growth Poverty Reduction Strategy SRWSP Sustainable Rural Water Sanitation Project GRS Grievance Redress Service STEP Systematic Tracking in Exchanges in Procurement GWCL Ghana Water Company Limited USD United States Dollar HDPE High Density Polyethylene WATSAN Water and Sanitation ICT Information and Communications WB World Bank Technology WSMT Water and Sanitation Management Team WSP Water and Sanitation Program Regional Vice President: Makhtar Diop Country Director: Henry G. R. Kerali Senior Global Practice Director: Guang Zhe Chen Practice Manager/Manager: Wambui G. Gichuri Task Team Leader: Emmanuel Nkrumah iii Ghana: Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project Additional Financing Table of Contents ADDITIONAL FINANCING DATA SHEET....................................................................................... v  I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1  II. Background and Rationale for Additional Financing .................................................................... 1  III. Proposed Changes ....................................................................................................................... 8  IV. Appraisal Summary .................................................................................................................... 13  V. World Bank Grievance Redress ................................................................................................. 17  Annex 1: Revised Project Results Framework ..................................................................................... 18  iv ADDITIONAL FINANCING DATA SHEET Ghana Additional Financing for the Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project (P163846) AFRICA Water Global Practice . Basic Information – Parent Parent Project ID: P120026 Original EA Category: B - Partial Assessment Current Closing Date: 30-Jun-2017 Basic Information – Additional Financing (AF) Additional Financing Type Project ID: P163846 Cost Overrun (from AUS): Regional Vice President: Makhtar Diop Proposed EA Category: Expected Effectiveness Country Director: Henry G. R. Kerali 31-Dec-2017 Date: Senior Global Practice Guang Zhe Chen Expected Closing Date: 31-Dec-2019 Director: Practice Wambui G. Gichuri Report No: PAD2426 Manager/Manager: Team Leader(s): Emmanuel Nkrumah Borrower Organization Name Contact Title Telephone Email Chief Director, chiefdirector@mofep. Ministry of Finance Patrick Nomo 233302665310 Ministry of gov.gh Finance Project Financing Data - Parent ( GH:Sustainable Rural Water & Sanit Serv-P120026 ) (in USD Million) Key Dates Approval Effectiveness Original Revised Project Ln/Cr/TF Status Signing Date Date Date Closing Date Closing Date P120026 IDA-47890 Effective 23-Jun-2010 08-Sep-2010 06-Dec-2010 30-Jun-2016 30-Jun-2017 Disbursements % Disburse Undisbur Project Ln/Cr/TF Status Currency Original Revised Cancelled Disburse d sed d v P120026 IDA-47890 Effective XDR 49.70 49.70 0.00 49.70 0.00 100.00 Project Financing Data - Additional Financing AF Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project (P163846 )(in USD Million) [ ] Loan [ ] Grant [ ] IDA Grant [X] Credit [ ] Guarantee [ ] Other Total Project Cost: 45.70 Total Bank Financing: 45.70 Financing Gap: 0.00 Financing Source – Additional Financing (AF) Amount International Development Association (IDA) 45.70 Total 45.70 Policy Waivers Does the project depart from the CAS in content or in other significant respects? No Explanation Does the project require any policy waiver(s)? No Explanation Team Composition Bank Staff Name Role Title Specialization Unit Emmanuel Nkrumah Team Leader (ADM Senior Water Supply GWA08 Responsible) and Sanitation Specialist Charles John Aryee Procurement Senior Procurement GGO01 Ashong Specialist (ADM Specialist Responsible) Robert Wallace Financial Sr Financial GGO31 DeGraft-Hanson Management Management Specialist Specialist Anita Bimunka Takura Safeguards Environmental Environmental GEN01 Tingbani Specialist Specialist Specialist Ayishetu Terewina Team Member Program Assistant AFCW1 Gloria Malia Mahama Safeguards Social Development Social Safegaurd GSU01 Specialist Specialist Specialist vi Johanna van Tilburg Safeguards Advisor Senior Social OPSPF Development Specialist Lydia Sam Team Member Procurement AFCW1 Assistant Nightingale Rukuba- Counsel Senior Counsel LEGAM Ngaiza Sanyu Sarah Senkatuka Team Member Sr Water & Sanitation GWA08 Lutalo Spec. Extended Team Name Title Location Harold Esseku Consultant Accra, Ghana Locations Country First Administrative Location Planned Actual Comments Division Ghana Western Region Western Region X Ghana Upper West Region Upper West Region X Ghana Upper East Region Upper East Region X Ghana Northern Region Northern Region X Ghana Central Region Central Region X Ghana Brong-Ahafo Brong-Ahafo Region X Institutional Data Parent ( GH:Sustainable Rural Water & Sanit Serv-P120026 ) Practice Area (Lead) Water Contributing Practice Areas Additional Financing AF Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project ( P163846 ) Practice Area (Lead) Water Contributing Practice Areas Consultants (Will be disclosed in the Monthly Operational Summary) Consultants Required? Consulting services to be determined vii I. Introduction 1. This Project Paper seeks the approval of the Executive Directors to provide an additional credit in an amount of SDR 33 million (US$45.7 million equivalent) to the Republic of Ghana for the Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project (SRWSP, P120026). The proposed additional credit would finance the cost of completing the remaining contracts for works and services under the SRWSP which could not be executed as a result of cost–overruns resulting from: (a) the fact that communities had significantly outgrown the initial design capacities thus requiring a redesign of both the transmission and distribution mains; (b) the need to bolster the capacities of pipelines, pumps and storage tanks in the 15 small town systems initially targeted for rehabilitation in the Northern region to cover the larger than estimated population and geographic dispersion of towns; (c) extension of some small town water supply systems to adjoining communities not included in the original plan; and (d) the selection of additional beneficiary communities in the Upper West region. The Project Paper also proposes a project restructuring to extend the closing date from June 30, 2017 to December 31, 2019 and to adjust the results framework, disbursement estimates, component costs, and implementation schedule. 2. The additional financing (AF) will assist Ghana in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) related to equitable access to safe and affordable water and adequate sanitation for all by 2030. While Ghana is on track to achieving the goal for water supply, that for sanitation is significantly off track, with coverage estimated at only 14 percent compared to the SDG target of 80 percent. The proposed AF will place appropriate emphasis on (a) sanitation, given the need to accelerate progress on achieving the project’s sanitation and hygiene targets and (b) fluoride and high salinity affected areas, where access to both adequate water supply and sanitation fall far below the national average. II. Background and Rationale for Additional Financing 3. Ghana has an estimated population of 27.5 million and a per capita income of about US$1,363. The country has relatively strong governance and advanced frameworks for decentralization and has been politically stable since 1992. Over the last two decades, Ghana has experienced strong economic growth (averaging over seven percent per annum from 2003 to 2013), allowing the country to pass the per-capita income threshold for classification as a Lower Middle Income Country (LMIC) in July 2011. Ghana's poverty level has declined to about 24.2 percent from the 51 percent recorded in 1991. The country, however, suffers from significant disparities in service delivery and human development outcomes across income quintiles and across geographic areas. 4. The proposed AF is consistent with the World Bank Group’s Ghana Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) for FY2013-2016 (Report No. 76369-GH), which inter alia, focuses on improving health outcomes in a sustainable manner. The CPS makes specific reference to the country’s lack of progress in meeting the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) for improved sanitation methods and indicates that access to safe water and sanitation would reduce the outbreak of diseases such as cholera and diarrhea, as well as other communicable diseases, which would also lead to improvements in child health (MDG4). The beneficiary regions under the project have high rates of poverty and the completion of SRWSP will contribute significantly to poverty alleviation. Improved water services are also an integral part of the World Bank’s twin goals of ending extreme poverty and promoting shared prosperity. Improving access to water supply reduces the incidence of water-borne diseases and coping 1 costs, leads to time savings, and increases productivity, with significant and direct benefits to the poor, women, and girls. 5. Sectoral and Institutional Context. The institutional arrangements for implementation of subprojects for the AF fall within the framework of the decentralization program of the Government of Ghana (GOG). Ghana’s decentralization policy assigns central government ministries and departments with policy, planning, monitoring, evaluation and promotion responsibilities. The regions (through the Regional Coordinating Councils) are responsible for coordination. The mandate for implementation of development programs lies with the respective District Assemblies (DAs). Thus the DAs play the leading role in subproject implementation of water supply and sanitation, while the Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA) coordinates the overall program and provides technical support. The Regional Coordinating Councils (RCCs) are responsible for contracting consultants whose services include the study and design of water supply services, the design of institutional toilets and the promotion of sanitation programs including the Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) program, and which cut across DAs. The DAs are responsible for contracting out subproject works for water supply and institutional toilets which are normally packaged in district lots. The SRWSP was targeted for implementation in six regions. The regions selected 60 beneficiary DAs and the DAs subsequently selected about 1,500 beneficiary communities. During implementation, the Government subdivided some metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies, including some of the SRWSP beneficiary districts. The result is that the project is now covering 94 DAs. 6. SRWSP Background. The SRWSP (an IDA credit in the amount of SDR 49.70 million, equivalent to US$75 million) was approved by the Board of Executive Directors on June 23, 2010, signed on September 8, 2010 and was declared effective on December 6, 2010. It had an original closing date of June 30, 2016 which was subsequently extended to June 30, 2017. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to “expand access to, and ensure sustainable water supply and sanitation services in rural and small town communities in six regions.” 7. The project has three components: (i) Rural and Small Town Water Supply (US$47 million), which supports the increase and improvement of access to water supply services through the construction and rehabilitation of on-site and piped water supply systems, including: (a) provision of boreholes fitted with hand pumps for rural communities; (b) provision of water supply systems based on mechanized boreholes; (c) provision of water supply systems through connection to Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL) transmission lines; (d) rehabilitation of broken down “orphan” boreholes (i.e., old boreholes with obsolete and broken down pumps with no parts available but otherwise have good yields) in rural and small town communities; and (e) rehabilitation of water supply systems transferred from GWCL to District and Municipal Assemblies for community management that were not performing optimally; (ii) Rural and Small Town Integrated Sanitation & Hygiene Promotion (US$18.6 million), which aims at accelerating the pace for attainment of the SDG for sanitation by targeting entire communities and small towns within the project area to reach open-defecation-free (ODF) status; and (iii) Institutional Strengthening and Project Management (US$11.1 million), which supports capacity building and technical assistance, as well as logistics, to streamline roles and strengthen capacities of key stakeholders in the water and sanitation sector for effective sub-project implementation, operation, monitoring and supervision. 8. The project has made some good progress on water supply but has lagged on sanitation. The targets related to rural and small town water supply have been achieved; the target population of 2 600,000 has been exceeded by more than 150,000. The number of orphan boreholes rehabilitated (and fitted with hand-pumps) also exceeded expectations. On the other hand, the sanitation and hygiene component has had mixed results; just over 50 percent of the target population has been covered. There were also some weaknesses in procurement relating to record keeping and reporting, and delays in contract delivery by the implementing agency. On balance, however, the project has been assessed as Moderately Satisfactory (MS) in terms of implementation progress and achievement of the PDO. The project is in compliance with the World Bank fiduciary, safeguards requirements and legal covenants and the audited project financial statements have been submitted on time, with no overdue audits or audit comments. 9. Need for Additional Financing. The project has provided access to improved water supply to over 750,000 people, exceeding the target of 600,000, but has only covered 343,905 of the targeted 600,000 people to be provided with access to improved sanitation facilities. Cost overruns occurred during project implementation due to higher expenditures than estimated, resulting from the following: Component 1:  The project included the rehabilitation of a number of water supply systems in the Northern Region. However, during implementation, it was realised that these water supply systems were serving only a fraction of the target communities. The communities had far outgrown the initial design capacities and virtually all of them required extensive redesign since both transmission and distribution mains were below carrying capacity and needed to be changed. The storage tanks were also inadequate since their capacities were below design requirements. Some of the communities had expanded to areas with an elevation higher than the tanks and could therefore not be served by the existing tanks.  There was a need to replace the original designs using polytanks by concrete reservoirs at a higher cost in order to withstand the weather conditions in the target communities.  The designs needed to incorporate a larger number of iron removal plants for the target water supply systems as very high iron content was encountered during the exploration of groundwater sources.  Longer than estimated pipelines were deemed necessary to connect communities located in fluoride and high saline areas to either GWCL transmission lines or locations with potable sources.  A decision was made to include adjoining communities located along the water supply systems of participating small towns.  A decision was made to change the water supply distribution mains from PVC pipes to HDPE pipes to avoid illegal connection to the mains.  Some selected communities did not have electricity from the national grid. The cost of connecting these communities to the national grid, especially in the Upper East Region increased the costs of those systems by between 60 and 85 percent 10. The decisions described above were meant to ensure durability and sustainability of the installed systems under the project. In addition to ethical reasons, the inclusion of adjoining communities located 3 along water supply systems of participating small towns was a preventative measure to avoid tampering of the pipelines. Despite the design and financing challenges, the completed water supply systems succeeded in covering a larger than targeted population, partly because the population was underestimated to begin with, and partly because the project connected some communities located along the transmission lines of the small towns. The net result, however, was that Component 1 did not have adequate funds to complete the services and/or works for: (a) the provision of point water supply sources and mechanized systems to target rural communities and small towns respectively, including communities located in fluoride areas in the Upper East Region, and in high salinity communities (nine small towns) in the Central Region; (b) the upgrading of the remaining seven of the 15 water supply systems targeted for rehabilitation and completion of two systems in the Northern Region; (c) the provision of five small town water supply systems in the Brong Ahafo Region; and (d) the provision of 12 small town water supply systems and 250 boreholes in the Upper West Region. Component 2:  The component supported consultancy services for behavioral change communication (BCC) strategies to increase demand for the construction of household toilets. However, despite the high investments in consultancy services for BCC, there was lower than expected demand and correspondingly fewer construction of household toilets. Currently, just over 340,000 people out of a target of 600,000, have access to improved household toilets, and only 60 out of 550 target communities have been declared Open-Defecation Free (ODF). The project team believes that one reason for the limited results was the inadequate contact between the consultants and the targeted communities, a situation that was remedied over the past year by putting in place resident District Environmental Health Officers (DEHOs) working in beneficiary District Assemblies where they undertake a higher level of community outreach. The new strategy of employing resident DEHOs significantly increased the number of communities attaining ODF status over the past year, from 10 to 60. Despite the promising results, many BCC programs under the CLTS initiative have generally encountered implementation difficulties. To achieve the target of 550 communities for ODF and the construction of 40,000 household toilets, a three-pronged strategy will be adopted: (1) in addition to the BCC campaign, the project will provide direct support to households for the construction of household toilets; (2) instead of procuring consultancy services, the project will support the DEHOs to undertake the BCC campaign and to monitor the construction of household toilets. The project will also support the Regional Coordinating Councils to provide regional leadership for the implementation of the project, particularly in achieving the sanitation targets; and (3) provide support to the Ministry of Sanitation and Water, particularly the Environmental Health and Sanitation Directorate, to monitor the implementation of the project and to help them to coordinate all water supply and sanitation in the country. The project will also support other communication campaigns to reinforce the achievement of the sanitation targets. These interventions are to ensure that the sanitation targets are fully achieved and are sustainable.  Component 2 also supported the construction of institutional toilets for schools and health facilities in the targeted communities. The initial target was underestimated and the project has constructed 437 toilets compared to the target of 200. However, as a result of cost-overruns the teachers blocks of the institutional toilets could not be completed. 4 11. Based on implementation changes over the past year and the heightened effort planned during the proposed extension period, the target value for communities attaining ODF status will be maintained at 550. Additional funds are required to achieve the revised target as well as to provide toilet facilities for teachers in about 75 percent of the constructed institutional facilities. Component 3:  Funds are required to operationalize the Sector Information System (SIS) installed under Component 3. This will entail capacity building, workshops and provision of ICT facilities like computers for stakeholders for the use of the SIS.  Funds are also needed for capacity support to the additional districts that were created during project implementation. The support will include provision of logistics like motorbikes, computers and printing machines for project management and M&E. The number of implementing District Assemblies increased from 60 to 94 as some project districts were split administratively into two.  Additional funds are also required to respond to the Government’s request to cancel the payment of counterpart funds by the beneficiary DAs. Hence all subprojects will be financed 100 percent from the World Bank credit.  Additional funds will be required to strengthen the Water Directorate, the Environmental Health and Sanitation Directorate at the Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources, and the beneficiary RCCs to ensure proper M&E of the project and the supervision of the installed facilities.  Funds will be allocated for the continuation of project management by the CWSA. 12. Rationale for Additional Financing. The proposed AF will enable the project to complete all remaining works and achieve the targets for the SRWSP. The initial alternative proposal was for a new project to follow on the Parent Project. This was rejected in favor of completing the tasks under SRWSP through an AF to facilitate the completion of works using the existing implementation arrangements. About a year ago, the AF required was estimated at US$52 million. However, there were some cost savings of about US$2 million due to fluctuations in the SDR/USD exchange rate. The savings were used to construct four of the nine outstanding small town water supply systems in the Brong Ahafo Region, and to construct household toilets which contributed to the increased number of ODF communities from 10 to 60. It is expected that the available US$45.7 million will be able to cover the remaining activities. The additional US$45.7 million will cover the following: Component 1:  The completion of works for the nine small town water supply systems in the saline belt in the Central Region for which detailed designs have been completed and contracts awarded; completion of works to upgrade seven small town water supply systems and construction of two outstanding small town water supply systems in the Northern Region, for which detailed designs have been completed and contracts awarded for some of them; completion of works for the two small towns in the Upper West region for which detailed designs have been completed and evaluation of tenders completed, and the completion of the drilling of 250 5 boreholes in the Upper West region for which siting has been completed and the contracts are at the tendering stage.  The completion of the detailed designs and tender documents for the other water supply systems for which the detailed designs have not been completed to date, in preparation for a subsequent project. These include: the five small towns water supply systems in the Brong Ahafo Region, the ten small towns in the Upper West Region, and the planned water supply systems in the fluoride belt in the Upper East region.  The use of project proceeds to cover the five percent counterpart funding that was originally to be paid by beneficiary DAs, as requested by the GOG.  Installation of solar pumps on some of the small town water supply systems instead of the grid powered pumps to reduce operational costs. Component 2:  Support for District Environmental Health Officers (DEHOs) and the Regional Health Environmental Officers (REHOs) for the campaign to construct household toilets with the aim of attaining ODF status in an additional 490 communities.  Direct support to households for the construction of 20,000 additional household toilets. Component 3:  Logistical support for rolling out the Sector Information System.  Capacity building support for the Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources, RCCs, Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assemblies (MMDAs) and support for sanitation campaigns to assure achievement of targets and to improve sustainable operations and maintenance (O&M) in the sector. 13. The Government has indicated its desire to leverage private capital to support some of the activities under the AF, particularly under Component 1. 14. Lessons from SRWSP. Lessons from the implementation of SRWSP will be applied in the implementation of the AF. These include: (a) careful appraisal of the cost estimates and prioritization of sub-contracts to avoid cost overruns; (b) facilitation by DEHOs at the decentralized DAs in BCC for the promotion of household toilet construction and limiting the role of consultants; (c) direct support to households in the construction of household toilets. In the Parent Project many households were willing to participate as a result of the BCC campaign but were unable to construct their toilets due to lack of financial resources; (d) improve capacity of the sector ministry, the Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources, and the beneficiary RCCs to adequately supervise the project, particularly the sanitation component. The shortfall in the supervision and coordination of the sanitation component contributed significantly to the disappointing results of Component 2; and (e) a more detailed pre- project due diligence will be undertaken particularly to help improve assessments of scope and water quality challenges, and proposals to address them to ensure optimal allocation of the AF. The Parent Project suffered from initial poor preparation by the client as a result of inadequate due diligence. The large expansion of target communities and correspondingly larger populations could have been considered during project preparation as opposed to project implementation. The project will employ a 6 more pragmatic BCC strategy to achieve targets related to household toilets and communities attaining ODF status. 15. Gender: The project’s entry point to any community was the consultation process with the Water and Sanitation Management Team (WSMT), comprised of community representatives and through whom community engagement is undertaken. Women are expected to comprise no less than 30 percent of these representative bodies to promote women in leadership positions in an environment where community development decisions had been the sole responsibility of men. It is expected that with time, women participation in WSMTs will increase. The communities themselves comprise more than 60 percent of women. The Draft Beneficiary Assessment Report of September 2016 for the SRWSP indicates that the SRWSP has helped to transform the lives of rural communities. The report is based on 845 household surveys in 12 small towns comprising 5,236 individuals, of which 51 percent were female. In the households that were interviewed, 82.4 percent of women were involved in collecting water, followed by 12.2 percent of girls. Ninety-two percent reported reduced travel time in fetching water, resulting in improved household and commercial activities of women and more time for girls to spend on school activities, potentially enhancing academic performance. The AF will seek to enhance these benefits. To promote quality participation, the AF will continue to provide direct training to the WSMTs in project monitoring and in the general governance of the installed water systems. The AF will provide orientation to the sector Ministry and RCCs to ensure formal inclusion of gender issues in all water and sanitation programs, including the proposed AF. 16. Citizen Engagement: The Parent Project, SRWSP has been implemented within the framework of the decentralization program of the Government of Ghana, with the District Assemblies playing the leading role in sub-project implementation, while WSMTs, who are selected representatives of the beneficiary small towns and the rural communities respectively, supervise and manage the project at the community level. These two teams form the channel of engagement with the communities in the implementation of the project. The AF will be implemented within the same decentralization framework where communities will be engaged in the planning, design, and provision of services through the WSMTs. The AF-SRWSP will provide orientation to the Sector Ministry, the RCCS, the District Assemblies, and the WSMTs for a more formal citizen engagement on all the components of the project. This will include records on meetings with the communities, participants to these meetings including women, proceedings of the meetings, and measures agreed to address complaints. 7 III. Proposed Changes Summary of Proposed Changes The proposed AF will result in revisions to the results framework, procurement arrangements, costs of the project components, implementation schedule, the closing date and disbursement estimates. Change in Implementing Agency Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Project's Development Objectives Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Results Framework Yes [ X ] No [ ] Change in Safeguard Policies Triggered Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change of EA category Yes [ ] No [ X ] Other Changes to Safeguards Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Legal Covenants Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Loan Closing Date(s) Yes [ X ] No [ ] Cancellations Proposed Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Disbursement Arrangements Yes [ ] No [ X ] Reallocation between Disbursement Categories Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Disbursement Estimates Yes [ X ] No [ ] Change to Components and Cost Yes [ X ] No [ ] Change in Institutional Arrangements Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Financial Management Yes [ ] No [ X ] Change in Procurement Yes [ X ] No [ ] Change in Implementation Schedule Yes [ X ] No [ ] Other Change(s) Yes [ ] No [ X ] Development Objective/Results PHHHDO Project’s Development Objectives Original PDO The project’s development objective is to expand access to, and ensure sustainability of water and sanitation services in rural and small town communities in six regions over the next 6 years. Change in Results Framework PHHCRF Explanation: The results framework will be updated to reflect the revised closing date. The AF will mainly close a financing gap and enable the achievement of original targets (particularly related the sanitation component). In terms of the water supply component, the targets will be revised upwards to reflect the greater number of people that will be covered by the investments in the selected communities. 8 1. Direct project beneficiaries as well as the number of people provided with access to improved water sources under the project are proposed to be changed from 600,000 to 800,000 to take into account the additional beneficiaries from outlying communities. 2. New mechanized boreholes operational, target increased from 40 to 60 to take into account additional boreholes to ensure adequate production to small town water supply systems 3. Number of new water supply systems for small towns has been revised from 30 to 60 as the AF will now be able to cover all 60 small towns originally selected under SRWSP. 4. Number of new institutional toilet facilities constructed and operational has changed from 200 to 400 to take into account higher number institutions included than originally estimated. Compliance PHHHCompl Covenants - Additional Financing (AF Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project - P163846 ) Source of Finance Description of Funds Agreement Date Due Recurrent Frequency Action Covenants Reference Conditions PHCondTbl Source Of Fund Name Type IDA Project Implementation Effectiveness Manual Description of Condition The Recipient has updated the Project Implementation Manual in form and substance satisfactory to the Association PHCondTbl Source Of Fund Name Type IDA Subsidiary Agreement Effectiveness Description of Condition The Subsidiary Agreement has been executed on behalf of the Recipient and CWSA. PHCondTbl Source Of Fund Name Type IDA Subsidiary Agreement Effectiveness Description of Condition The Additional Legal Matter consists of the following, namely, that the Subsidiary Agreement has been duly authorized or ratified by the Recipient and CWSA and is legally binding upon the Recipient and CWSA in accordance with its terms. 9 Risk PHHHRISKS Risk Category Rating (H, S, M, L) 1. Political and Governance Moderate 2. Macroeconomic Substantial 3. Sector Strategies and Policies Substantial 4. Technical Design of Project or Program Moderate 5. Institutional Capacity for Implementation and Sustainability Substantial 6. Fiduciary Substantial 7. Environment and Social Moderate 8. Stakeholders Substantial 9. Other Moderate OVERALL Substantial Finance PHHHFin Loan Closing Date - Additional Financing (AF Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project - P163846 ) Source of Funds Proposed Additional Financing Loan Closing Date IDA recommitted as a Credit 31-Dec-2019 Loan Closing Date(s) - Parent ( GH:Sustainable Rural Water & Sanit Serv - P120026 ) PHHCLCD Explanation: The original credit, while fully disbursed, will be extended until the expected effectiveness of the additional credit. Status Original Closing Current Closing Proposed Closing Previous Closing Ln/Cr/TF Date Date Date Date(s) IDA-47890 Effective 30-Jun-2016 30-Jun-2017 31-Dec-2017 30-Jun-2017 Change in Disbursement Estimates (including all sources of Financing)PHHCDE Explanation: With the proposed extension of the project and the additional financing, the disbursement estimates have been updated. Expected Disbursements (in USD Million)(including all Sources of Financing) Fiscal Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Annual 0.00 3.10 3.70 8.70 29.00 16.50 14.30 2.00 20.00 25.70 Cumulative 0.00 3.10 6.80 15.50 44.50 61.00 75.30 77.30 97.30 123.00 Allocations - Additional Financing (AF Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project - P163846 ) Source of Category of Disbursement %(Type Currency Allocation Fund Expenditure Total) 10 Proposed Proposed Goods, Works Consultancy Services, Non-consultancy IDA USD 45,700,000.00 100.00 services, Training Operating Cost and Subproject Grants Total: 45,700,000.00 Components PHHHCompo Change to Components and Cost PHHCCC Explanation: There is a relatively higher cost allocated to the Rural and Small Town Water Supply component because the additional activities include works contracts which entail high cost. The remaining components involve mainly procurement of goods and services. Current Component Proposed Component Current Cost Proposed Action Name Name (US$M) Cost (US$M) Rural and Small Town Rural and Small Town 47.60 77.60 Revised Water Supply Water Supply Rural and Small Town Rural and Small Town Integrated Sanitation & Integrated Sanitation & 18.60 29.80 Revised Hygiene Promotion Hygiene Promotion Institutional Institutional Strengthening and Strengthening and Project 11.10 15.60 Revised Project Management Management Total: 77.30 123.00 Other Change(s) PHHHOthC PHImplemeDel Implementing Agency Name Type Action CWSA Implementing Agency No Change Change in Procurement PHHCProc Explanation: Summary of the Project Procurement Strategy for Development (PPSD) Procurement under the AF will be carried out, per the New Procurement Framework, in accordance with the (a) ‘World Bank Procurement Regulations for Investment Project Financing Borrowers - Procurement In Investment Project Financing (Goods, Works, Non-Consulting and Consulting Services)’, dated July 11 2016; (b) the ‘Guidelines on Preventing and Combating Fraud and Corruption in Projects financed by IBRD Loans and IDA Credits and Grants’, dated January 2011 and revised in July 2014; and (c) the provisions stipulated in the Legal Agreement. The bid documents will be based on the Standard Procurement Document, recently enhanced by addressing Environment, Social Health and Safety (ESHS) issues. Under the AF, there will be many procurement opportunities for both local and international private sector firms. The water infrastructure and services market is vibrant. There are local experienced service providers and contractors willing to take part in competitive procurement. The supply position of these service providers are for low risk and low volume procurement. The Client/Borrower has approached the market adequately in the past in implementing the Parent Project and have adequate knowledge of the market. The seamless budget-procurement-contract management module being pursued by the Government via electronic Government Procurement and Public Financial Management Reform project will mitigate any payment issues such as unbudgeted procurements, while the micro and macro-economic stability efforts by the Government will help the procurement environment to become more competitive, and generate better value for money. The ESHS issues will be addressed based on relevant instruments and laws, and supported through World Bank assistance, as is currently done under the Parent Project. Compliance with Ghanaian and international standards will be ensured. The project will leverage the use of ICT to improve citizen participation, delivery, monitoring and reporting. Procurement implementation arrangement and capacity assessment. The implementation arrangements remain unchanged. The institutional arrangements for implementation of subprojects financed by the AF for the SRWSP will fall within the framework of the decentralization program of the Government of Ghana. The District Assemblies will continue to play the leading role in subproject implementation, while CWSA will coordinate the overall program and provide technical support and advice. The procurement capacity assessment was conducted in accordance with Operations Core Services- Procurement Policy and Services (OCSPR) guidelines and Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System (P-RAMS). The summary assessment of the procurement risk is SUBSTANTIAL for the project and the prior review thresholds have been set to reflect this rating. The substantial procurement risk rating is related to the large number of procuring entities under the project, and the use of the NPF. Procurement post-reviews and technical audits will be carried out annually by the Bank Procurement Specialist and or independent auditors and based on the findings of the reviews the prior review thresholds will be reviewed. The main risks identified are the following: (i) the use of the NPF; (ii) inadequate monitoring; (iii) weak contract management; (iv) delays in processing procurement and payments; (v) political interference; (vi) fraud and corruption; and (vii) poor public perception of DAs. The proposed mitigation measures will include (i) World Bank to organize and deliver training session for CWSA and the DAs, on the NPF immediately after effectiveness, with constant support for the implementing agencies to ensure the proper use of the Borrower’s regulations; (ii) intensify training in Procurement and Contract Management by the World Bank; (iii) CWSA to improve and ensure monitoring and facilitation role at the DAs; (iv) DA and CWSA to set up mechanisms to speed up payment review, clearance and payment; and (v) CWSA to provide adequate and effective coordination, facilitation and ensure adherence for the purpose of the AF as well as the applicability of the Borrower’s regulations. Procurement Plan. The Borrower prepared and the World Bank cleared the Procurement Plan which covers the first 18 months of project implementation. The Procurement Plan will be updated in agreement with the 12 World Bank project team at least annually or, as required, to reflect the actual project implementation needs and improvement in institutional capacity. Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement (STEP) will be the primary software or platform to be used to submit, review, and clear all Procurement Plans and prior review procurements. In preparing the Procurement Plan, at all times, the prior review and methods thresholds associated with the recommended/prevailing procurement risk rating are applicable. Change in Implementation Schedule PHHCISch Explanation: An implementation schedule prepared for AF activities indicates that all activities will be completed by December 31, 2019 IV. Appraisal Summary PHHHAppS Economic and Financial Analysis PHHASEFA Explanation: The Economic and Financial Analysis have been updated to reflect the additional financing and demonstrates that the project remains economically viable. Public financing remains appropriate as improved and expanded water and sanitation services will contribute to public health by improving access to basic water service for thousands of beneficiaries, where the population is predominantly of low- income. The improvement of service coverage is expected to contribute to human development and economic growth by allowing children to attend school, and adults (especially women) to engage in additional productive activities instead of spending several hours each day searching for water. The World Bank is well positioned to support the project activities based on its global experience and locally based task team. The Project Cost-Overruns: The investments were targeted at the districts with the lowest water coverage. The project experienced cost overruns due to a number of reasons. The project included the rehabilitation of a number of water supply systems in the Northern Region. However, during implementation, it was realised that these water supply systems were serving only a fraction of the communities. There was a need to expand the system to cover new areas where the communities had expanded. During project implementation, a number of decisions were made which led to an increase in project costs. This included the change of distribution mains from PVC pipes to HDPE pipes. Some communities selected did not have electricity from the national grid. The cost of connecting these communities to the national grid, especially in the Upper East Region increased the costs of those systems by between 60 and 85 percent. There was also the change in the use of Plastic Tanks in the smaller communities to concrete/steel tanks which were at a higher cost to the project. There was the need to include additional communities not initially targeted since the water source was located in those communities. Currency fluctuations also impacted the project but to a lesser extent. These have led to the need for additional financing to enable the project cover the initial towns that were targeted under the project. The Project incurred higher per capita costs than estimated: The per capita costs for the communities with populations of less than 5,000 were estimated on the assumption that the plastic tanks and limited reticulation systems would be used and was therefore around US$50. However, due to the use of concrete and steel tanks, the actual per capita was between US$75 and US$160 which is about a 100 percent increase. Additionally, the project has constructed 1,166 new boreholes and rehabilitated another 372. 13 These serve mainly the smaller communities with a population of lower than 1,800 people. The Costs and Benefits Analysis indicates that the direct benefit of the project is increased provision of water and supply, and sanitation and hygiene services to 53 communities for small towns’ water supply, 1,552 boreholes for small communities, 428 institutional toilets and 60 open defecation free communities. This leads to other important benefits including: • Health benefits from reduction in water-related and faecal-related diseases. • Improved hygiene through enhanced hand washing activities and other health/hygiene promotion activities. • Time saving in fetching water and hence the release of women to undertake economically empowering ventures and for the girl-child to attend classes with less disruption. • Provision of household toilets bringing about enhanced safety, privacy and convenience. Additionally, households with house connections have an extra benefit of having the water available directly in their yards. The benefits of the water supply interventions have brought about a marked improvement in the lives of the people in each beneficiary community. The financial benefits of the interventions are clear in the communities but can sometimes not be quantified. There is an improvement in the quality of life of all community members especially women and children who now have more time to engage in activities that have socio-economic benefits since there is a lot of time gained from fetching water over markedly reduced distances. Population growth rates of 2.5 percent were used in determining the population over the design period. The consumer surplus represents the extra benefit for beneficiaries having the water closer to them especially for those with household connections. The cost-benefits analysis considers the following components that were used in determining the cost benefit analysis in the PAD as well. These are: incremental sales; consumer surplus; investment costs; and incremental operating costs. Additionally, the health benefits of the project were considered. According to the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) of the World Bank (2012), Ghana’s economy loses 420 million Ghanaian Cedis each year (US$290 million, 1.6 percent of GDP) each year due to poor sanitation. This translates into approximately US$11.5 per capita per annum. This was not considered in the economic and financial analysis at the time of appraisal. Due to high costs, the IRR is reduced from 20.3 to 11.3 percent. However, if the potential health benefits are included, the IRR increases to 26.1 percent. The increased rate of return of 26.1 percent indicates the project is economically viable as the benefits to the communities enumerated above will impact positively Assessment of Water Prices: The average cost of a bucket of water use in the analysis is 10 pesewas per bucket for each 18 litres for beneficiaries fetching from standpipes. This is the actual cost per bucket in about 90 percent of the communities under the project. Households with house connections pay 25 percent more for water, for the enhanced service. Beneficiaries with house connections are expected to use up to 60 lcd as compared to 20 lcd for those fetching from standpipes. All designs took into consideration commercial demand of around 10 percent and losses of around 10 percent minimum. The average per capita water uses for the towns is expected therefore to be about 25 lcd. The price charged per bucket of water is generally in accordance with the tariff setting guidelines and is expected to cover all the O&M costs for each water supply system. An average cost per bucket of 10 pesewas was used for the analysis which represents the average cost per 14 bucket in 2016 when the majority of the projects were completed. This is equivalent to GHS 5.20 per cubic meter. At an exchange rate of US$ = 4.30 Cedis as at April 2017, this is equivalent to US$ 1.20 per m3. The cost of water sold is the source of revenue for the operation and maintenance of the water supply systems. The tariff is structured in a manner to ensure there is a component set aside in a replacement fund as well as all recurrent costs. Assessment of Operation, Maintenance and Cost Recovery: From the CWSA O&M guidelines, annual O&M costs are between 5 and 7 percent of the construction cost (investment) of the designed water systems. Based on current O&M cost in the water supply sector, it is estimated that the annual O&M cost is 10 percent of construction costs. Depreciation has been computed for 20 years at 12 percent interest and this gives an annual payment of 13.39 percent of the cost of assets. The sinking fund is also computed for 20 years at 2 percent real interest and this gives an annual payment of 4.12 percent of assets. Technical Analysis PHHASTA Explanation: For AF activities under the Rural and Small town component, planning and design have been completed in line with the standards under SRWSP. AF activities under the Rural and Small Town Integrated Sanitation & Hygiene Promotion component will be implemented based on the recently introduced SRWSP strategies to improve construction of household toilets. Social Analysis PHHASSA Explanation: OP4.12 is triggered for this additional financing as in the parent project since project activities remain unchanged. The project will require several pieces of land for the construction of the boreholes and sanitation facilities for both households and institutions. This may temporarily affect businesses and crops especially during trenching of the distribution lines. A Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) for the parent project was prepared and disclosed in April 2010. RPF is used because sub-project locations are unknown in sufficient details during project preparation. The existing RPF was updated and disclosed on June 5, 2017 to reflect current information and safeguards implementation experience of the parent project. Follow up Action Plans are required to be prepared during implementation where sub-project activities will result in involuntary resettlement. These will also be cleared and disclosed before civil works commence. The Social safeguard has been rated Satisfactory for the most part until the last two missions when it was downgraded to Moderately Satisfactory. The downgrading was due to the fact that there has been delays in the disclosure of a few of the Abbreviated Resettlement Plan (ARAPs) which CWSA was advised to expedite action on. On voluntary land donation, the project relied on this for a couple of the construction of small water systems and institutional latrines, these were backed by documentation which has been signed by the District Chief Executives, the land donor and the Chiefs of the area. A safeguards audit has been commissioned under the parent project owing to verbal report of non-payment of compensation for minor temporal impacts from trenching of the distribution lines over two years. The AF will address any shortcomings identified through the audit report and draw lessons to enhance safeguards implementation. Safeguards training will continually be undertaken. Mitigation measures will be enforced through contractor performance monitoring and evaluation as well as the overall implementation of the ESMF with participatory supervision from the CWSA, and in 15 collaboration with the EPA. Environmental Health Officers will help to ensure that proper clearances and approvals are obtained for sanitation sub-projects. The SRWSP will also sensitize rural communities on the environmental aspects of their subprojects, and train them in the sustainable use of water and sanitation facilities. The approach is meant to incorporate environmental concerns into the project design and focuses on environmentally sound criteria for water facilities, wastewater disposal techniques, and appropriate on- site location of sanitation facilities. Overall, identified staff from the community to the national level will be responsible for the safeguards which will be monitored and reported on as part of the projects periodic reporting, where applicable using the monitoring indicators developed as part of the RPF. This will help identify any resettlement issues upfront and take the necessary mitigation measures. Environmental Analysis PHHASEnvA Explanation: Activities under the proposed AF fall under the same environmental category as the Parent Project (i.e., category B) and would not trigger any additional Bank Safeguards policies. The Parent Project is considered relatively well-performing and has made good progress in delivering results. The environmental safeguard has been rated Satisfactory throughout implementation of the project. An updated Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been completed and disclosed both in the World Bank infoshop and incountry on June 5, 2017. In order to mitigate the potential environmental impacts of the SRWSP, the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) developed as part of the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for the parent project prepared in 2010 has been updated and disclosed on June 5, 2017. All environmental issues raised during the project have been resolved by the Client. Risk PHHASRisk Explanation: The overall risk rating is Substantial: - Macro-economic risk has been changed from Moderate to Substantial pending GOG’s ability to recover from the economic downturn of the country over the past five years. The new Government has already started some policy measures that are already showing signs of recovery. - Sector Strategies and Policies risk has been changed from Moderate to Substantial pending the sector ministry’s firm commitment to review the current strategy to facilitate support to poor households in the construction of household toilets. The implementing agency, the Community Water and Sanitation Agency has currently adopted an innovative strategy of using the services of the District Environmental Health Officers (DEHOs) which have already started yielding good results. The Ministry of Sanitation and Water Resources has also decided to provide subsidies to households in the construction of household toilet. - Stakeholder risk has been changed from Moderate to Substantial as the Regional Coordinating Councils (RCCs) of the implementing agency are adhering to the strategy of "no assistance" for construction of household latrines despite some rural households not being ready to construct household latrines without some support. The implementing agency had relaxed this position recently, however, this needs to be continued during the AF. - Institutional Capacity for Implementation and Sustainability has been changed from Moderate to Substantial as a result of delays encountered in the implementation of the components. There have been considerable delays in the achievement of the targets for sanitation. There were delays also in implementing the design and tendering of the water supply systems in the Brong Ahafo region which resulted in the proposal to consider additional communities in Upper West region to replace them. 16 V. World Bank Grievance Redress 17. Communities and individuals who believe that they are adversely affected by a World Bank (WB) supported project may submit complaints to existing project-level grievance redress mechanisms or the WB’s Grievance Redress Service (GRS). The GRS ensures that complaints received are promptly reviewed in order to address project-related concerns. Project affected communities and individuals may submit their complaint to the WB’s independent Inspection Panel which determines whether harm occurred, or could occur, as a result of WB non-compliance with its policies and procedures. Complaints may be submitted at any time after concerns have been brought directly to the World Bank's attention, and Bank Management has been given an opportunity to respond. For information on how to submit complaints to the World Bank’s corporate Grievance Redress Service (GRS), please visit http://www.worldbank.org/GRS. For information on how to submit complaints to the World Bank Inspection Panel, please visit www.inspectionpanel.org. 17 Annex 1: Revised Project Results Framework Project Project AF Sustainable Rural Water and Sanitation Project (P163846) Additional Financing Status: DRAFT Name: Stage: Team Requesting Emmanuel Nkrumah AFCW1 Created by: Emmanuel Nkrumah on 24-Apr-2017 Leader(s): Unit: Product Responsible IBRD/IDA GWA08 Modified by: Ayishetu Terewina on 08-Jun-2017 Line: Unit: Country: Ghana Approval FY: 2017 Financing Region: AFRICA Investment Project Financing Instrument: Parent Project Parent Project P120026 GH: Sustainable Rural Water & Sanit Serv (P120026) ID: Name: . Project Development Objectives Original Project Development Objective - Parent: The project’s development objective is to expand access to, and ensure sustainability of water and sanitation services in rural and small town communities in six regions over the next 6 years. Proposed Project Development Objective - Additional Financing (AF): The objective of the project is to expand access to, and ensure sustainable water supply and sanitation services in rural and small town communities in six regions of Ghana. Results Core sector indicators are considered: Yes Results reporting level: Project Level . Project Development Objective Indicators Corpor Status Indicator Name Unit of Measure Baseline Actual(Current) End Target ate Revised Direct project beneficiaries Number Value 0.00 755000.00 800000.00 Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 18 Comment Revised Female beneficiaries Percentage Value 0.00 52.00 52.00 Sub Type Supplemental Revised People provided with access to Number Value 0.00 343905.00 600000.00 improved sanitation services Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised People provided with access to Number Value 0.00 343905.00 600000.00 improved sanitation facilities- rural Sub Type Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Breakdown Comment Revised Percentage of installed water Percentage Value 0.00 100.00 100.00 supply system functional Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised Water systems in project areas Percentage Value 1.00 0.90 0.90 with ratio of revenues over O&M costs (including Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 depreciation) >=1.0(percent) Comment Revised Communities in project area Number Value 0.00 50.00 550.00 declared free of open defecation (number) Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised Reliability of water supply Hours Value 0.00 16.00 16.00 services under the project area Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised Number of people in rural areas Number Value 0.00 755000.00 800000.00 provided with access to Improved Water Sources under Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 the project Comment 19 Intermediate Results Indicators Corpor Status Indicator Name Unit of Measure Baseline Actual(Current) End Target ate Revised Improved latrines constructed Number Value 0.00 22927.00 40000.00 under the project Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised Key institutions (CWSA, Number Value 0.00 4.00 4.00 MOFEP, MWRWH, MLGRD) trained in the use Sector Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Information Systems Comment Revised District Assemblies operating Number Value 0.00 64.00 94.00 DiMES Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised Timely submittal of clean Percentage Value 0.00 0.70 1.00 (unqualified) FM audit reports (percent for each participating Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 DA) Comment Revised Acceptable implementation Percentage Value 0.00 0.80 1.00 (including safeguards) quarterly reports delivered on time Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 (percent for each participating Comment DA) Revised Subproject implementation in Percentage Value 0.00 0.80 0.95 accordance with timetable in procurement plan (percent for Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 each participating DA) Comment Revised Communities sensitized about Number Value 0.00 1489.00 600.00 hygiene practices and eradication of open free Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 defecation Comment Revised Number Value 0.00 437.00 400.00 20 New Institutional toilet facilities Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 constructed and operational Comment Revised Orphan boreholes rehabilitated Number Value 0.00 400.00 300.00 Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised Former GWCL systems Number Value 0.00 6.00 15.00 transferred to communities rehabilitated Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised New community water systems Number Value 0.00 0.00 5.00 fed from GWCL Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised New water systems based on Number Value 0.00 998.00 1200.00 boreholes fitted with hand pumps operational Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised New mechanized boreholes Number Value 0.00 58.00 60.00 operational Date 22-Jun-2010 13-Jun-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment Revised New water systems for small Number Value 0.00 57.00 60.00 towns operational (number) Date 22-Jun-2010 14-Dec-2016 31-Dec-2019 Comment . 21