INTEGRATED SAFEGUARDS DATA SHEET APPRAISAL STAGE Report No.: ISDSA15017 0 Date ISDS Prepared/Updated: 24-Sep-2015 o Date ISDS Approved/Disclosed: 01-Oct-2015 I. BASIC INFORMATION 1. Basic Project Data Country: Zimbabwe Project ID: P154861 Project Name: Zimbabwe National Water Project (P154861) Task Team Chloe Oliver Viola Leader(s): Estimated 05-Oct-2015 Estimated 23-Nov-2015 Appraisal Date: Board Date: Managing Unit: GWA01 Lending Investment Project Financing Instrument: Sector(s): Water supply (80%), General water, sanitation and flood protection sector (20%) Theme(s): Rural services and infrastructure (60%), Municipal governance and institution building (20%), Water resource management (20%) Is this project processed under OP 8.50 (Emergency Recovery) or OP No 8.00 (Rapid Response to Crises and Emergencies)? Financing (In USD Million) Total Project Cost: 20.00 Total Bank Financing: 0.00 Financing Gap: 0.00 Financing Source Amount Borrower 0.00 Zimbabwe Reconstruction Fund (ZIMREF) 20.00 Total 20.00 Environmental B - Partial Assessment Category: Is this a No Repeater project? 2. Project Development Objective(s) The proposed project development objective is to iimprove access and efficiency in water services in selected growth centers and to strengthen planning and regulation capacity for the water and sanitation sector. 3. Project Description Page 1 of 15 The project will have three components with indicative costing as below: Component 1: Growth Center Water and Sanitation Improvements ($14 million) Component 2: Technical Assistance ($5 million), including (2.1) National Water Resources Master Plan; (2.2) TA for a Water Services Regulator; (2.3) TA to Local Authorities; (2.4) Institutional Strengthening of ZINWA; and (2.5) Training * Component 3: Project Management ($1 million) o Component 1: Growth Center Water and Sanitation Improvements (US$ 14 million): This component will finance investments in water supply and sanitation rehabilitation and upgrading in 7 growth centers. Detailed designs (including bills of quantities and tender documents) and preliminary Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA's) were completed for all 7 growth centers in 2014 (with funding from the A-MDTF) in order to address all short, medium and long term investment needs. Investments will include physical expansion (within the same public landholding) and rehabilitation of water treatment works, boreholes, transmission mains, storage and service reservoirs, distribution system, connections and meter installation and replacement. The works will also include minimal works to restore operation of the wastewater treatment systems in the project areas. The works planned will include clearing and desludging, repairs of inlet works and fencing and operators facilities. The investments are estimated at about US$ 14 million. A summary of the costs for each growth center (and the respective catchment in parenthesis) is presented below: Guruve (in Manyame catchment) $1,507,300 Gutu (Runde) $ 949,200 Lupane (Gwayi) $2,969,900 Madziwa (Mazowe $2,698,800 Mataga (Mzingwane $1,575,400 0 Nembudziya (Sanyati) $2,590,800 Zimunya (Save)$1,772,900 Total $14,064,300 The seven highest priority stations for the purposes of this Project are all termed "Growth Centers" were selected from the 50 stations, one per water catchment area based the number of beneficiaries and the expected economic benefit of the Project. The most important consideration for selection of priority stations was to address underserved areas where mostly the poor live, including where new communities have come up, or schools and clinics and other public institutions that need a supply of good, safe water. Practical considerations were also factored in such as the readiness of ZINWA designs, priority stations needing attention particularly for expansion of networks, as well as taking into consideration ZINWA's own recommendations. Financial and economic viability was also taken into account. Component 2: Technical Assistance (US$ 5 million): Technical Assistance (TA) will be provided to Page 2 of 15 strengthen the capacity of the relevant national and local institutions needed to ensure the sustainability of the investments and improve the overall planning, regulation and reform of the sector. There will be five sub-components of TA: O Sub-component 2.1: National Water Resources Master Plan: The Government has requested TA under the Project to develop a national water resources master plan. The Master Plan will build on the National Water Master Plan of the early 1990s and the subsequent Catchment Outline Plans developed in the mid-2000s. The Master Plan is expected to cover the following key areas: a full understanding of the quantity, quality and spatial distribution of the water resources available in Zimbabwe (surface water and groundwater); a characterization of the different uses (consumptive and non-consumptive) and users (energy, domestic, recreational, environment, agriculture, industry, mining) and an assessment of the varying demands (across catchments, national, sub-national and trans-boundary); assessment of the resilience of the water resources to climatic variability and indicative adaptation measures to climate change. The master plan will assess the gap between supply and demand and update previous supply assumptions using the latest climate change modelling data. Investment needs for the sector will be assessed as well as other measures needed to restore meet national development goals. The Terms of Reference for the Master Plan will be prepared to include due attention to environmental considerations, including (among others) adequate in-stream environmental flows; protected areas and aquatic habitats of high conservation priority; environmental criteria for future site selection of dams or other new water infrastructure; and watershed catchment management. It is expected that MEWC will analyze and outline the institutional mechanism necessary to manage the TA including the option of strengthening the Water Resources Sub-Committee of the National Action Committee (NAC) to assume the role of a Steering Committee for the TA. Sub-component 2.2: TA for a Water Services Regulator: The Government has decided to set up a water and wastewater services regulatory authority and has approved a Cabinet Memorandum in April 2015 to this effect. The memo proposes the setting up of a single sector regulator that would cover both water resources regulation as well as water and sanitation services. The main purpose of the regulator will be to balance the interest of the consumer - whose interest is best service at least cost - with that of providers who are generally a monopoly position, but need to receive predictable periodic tariff adjustments that are cost reflective and sustainable along with adequate access to water resources. The regulator will thus ensure that the agreed rules are fairly implemented and that all a people are served with at least a basic service and at a minimum acceptable standard. MEWC requested the Bank to support the setting up of the regulator. Bank support will be through the proposed Project and through TA from the Water and Sanitation Program. The following areas of support were proposed: (i) developing a roadmap for the establishment of the regulator based on international good practice detailing: institutional options; required legislative amendments; a business and financial plan for the regulator; (ii) south-south learning exchange; (iii) integrating or interfacing Service Level Benchmarking (SLB) currently being practiced by 32 municipal councils into the regulatory process; and (iv) office setup costs as appropriate. Sub-component 2.3: TA to Local Authorities: Two activities have been proposed by the Ministry of Local Government, Public Works and National Housing (MLGPWNH) for consideration under this sub-component. Page 3 of 15 TA to support Local Authorities and ZINWA formalize water service agreements: Six of the proposed investments under this project are all in the jurisdiction of Rural District Councils. The seventh, Lupane, was re-categorized as an Urban District Council in 2015. As the capacity of these councils is limited - most not having or being in a position to hire an engineer - MLGPWNH and O MEWC confirmed that the councils would need to develop a service provision agreement with an operator to ensure the sustainability of the proposed investments. In line with the 2013 National Water Policy all of these Local Authorities - as the Water Service Authority - will need to develop a water service provision agreement with a service provider for the investment, operation and maintenance of the water production operations. In some cases this service provision agreement should also cover sewerage. The project will assist Local Authorities and ZINWA pilot these agreements, either through formal Water Service Agreements or through Memoranda of Understanding between both parties. The clear separation of roles between the Water Service Authority (the Local Authority) and the Water Service Provider (in this case ZINWA) will also allow for future potential private sector participation through local operators or other. Promoting Sanitation Improvements in Small Towns: Sanitation in small towns is a major challenge and institutional responsibility for it is unclear. It is proposed that MLGPWNH will develop a TOR for a sanitation assessment to be carried out. Based on this assessment, some investments would then be channeled towards improving identified sanitation needs as appropriate, taking care to avoid any environmentally sensitive activities or site s, or any involuntary taking of land. In two of the small towns (Gutu and Zimunya) existing waste stabilization ponds, currently under the management of ZINWA, will be rehabilitated. Options for community mobilization for sanitation will be identified, and where necessary potential for community revenues using wastewater implemented (small-scale irrigation, growth of duckweed, etc). Sanitation promotion and hygiene education will also be considered during project preparation. Sub-component 2.4: Institutional strengthening of ZINWA: In 2014, at the request of ZINWA, the Bank financed a skills audit and strategic gap analysis to identify key areas to strengthen ZINWA. Three key areas were identified as priorities: (i) a need to separate the utility and water resources function of ZINWA - as identified in the National Water Policy; (ii) a lack of commercial orientation and (iii) a lack of customer focus and poor stakeholder management. The following areas have been proposed for support under the project. Improving the commercial and customer care orientation and functions of ZINWA: Financial records of ZINWA indicate that it is currently not in a good financial situation and is making losses. Some of the key drivers for ZINWA to be in this situation include high non-revenue water and low revenue collection. The assessments carried out on ZINWA highlight the institutional inadequacies of ZINWA as one of the key issues needing attention. There is no full-fledged commercial department in ZINWA that is charged with managing its day-to-day commercial functions that include (i) customer care, (ii) dedicated debt management (iii) connections, and (iv) metering; (v) non-revenue reduction and (v) billing. ZINWA has recently established a "commercial unit", however the mandate of this unit is to explore new business opportunities for ZINWA. Under the project it is proposed that a consultant be hired to assist ZINWA to design and setup an effective commercial services department which shall have as its main functions revenue generation through connections, metering, billing, and revenue collection including debt management. The consultant will assist ZINWA in developing/refining its service and customer charters, set up a customer care unit and Page 4 of 15 propose a road map for a fully-fledged modern and responsive customer care unit. The improvement in customer care functions will improve the image of ZINWA and lead to better complaints handling resulting in enhanced willingness to pay by customers. The commercial services department will also manage customer care function. o Citizen Engagement: There is a realization that effective engagement of citizens will lead to better service delivery and accountability. The Beitbridge Impact Assessment, for example, makes a number of general recommendations on how to maximize state building dividends in infrastructure projects, such as: (i) identify and address inequalities that may be long-standing or that have emerged during recent crises; (ii) support local authorities (in this case RDC/ULA and ZINWA) to clearly brand improvements in service delivery to ensure citizens recognize that it is government institutions that are delivering results; and (iii) collect base-line and end-line data on citizen attitudes and confidence in domestic institutions to assess whether investment has changed citizens perceptions. Government is moving towards requesting state enterprises including ZINWA to provide people- centered services. It is also pressing for greater citizen engagement and accountability. The National Water Policy also states the need for customer and stakeholder involvement as a way of increasing acco untability in the water sector. In recent months ZINWA has established water committees in areas where it supplies water including some of the project areas. The project will finance a TA to develop a citizen engagement and commercialization strategy for ZINWA building on current initiatives by ZINWA and drawing from the general guidelines and recommendations of the water policy and other government policy documents. This activity will require close consultation and collaboration between ZINWA and local authorities. The strategy should address among other things gender and vulnerable groups including HIV and Aids. The TA should also propose possible institutional arrangements/realignment of ZINWA to be able to effectively deal with citizen engagement. Activities including under citizen engagement, which will most likely fall under the commercial department, will also need to be complementary with the stakeholder consultation under the safeguards work. Gender: The Bank will assist the Government to develop a gender strategy for the Project, and suggested that the Government consider involving the Ministry of Gender in the appropriate way. Sub-component 2.5: Training: MEWC will develop a training plan, together with ZINWA and other relevant agencies, for support under the Project. The training plan will include training needs of all a project implementing entities, such as MEWC, MLGPW, and Local authorities in the project areas, but will focus on the operational training needs required by ZINWA to implement the project and ensure sustainability of the investments. There will also be on-the-job training through mentoring by consultants hired to support the PIU. The needs assessments have identified capacity gaps in the areas of utility management (commercial and customer care functions, non-revenue water management), asset management, project management, procurement, safeguards and, monitoring and evaluation. From the assessments and discussions with ZINWA and other key stakeholders it is evident that there is need to strengthen ZINWA, and other agencies, in these areas. ZINWA is also not familiar with World Bank procedures and policies for project implementation. This is due to the absence of World Bank support for nearly two decades during which period most government entities including ZINWA has not implemented Bank financed projects. Component 3: Project management (US$ 1 million): ZINWA will set up a Project Implementation Unit (PIU) to manage the project. The PIU will directly manage component 1 and act as secretariat to the various lead ministries for sub-component 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3. The PIU will be staffed with 5-7 staff, including a Project Manager and include competence in engineering, procurement, financial Page 5 of 15 management, safeguards and monitoring and evaluation. The PIU may also have secondees (focal point officers) from other entities participating in the project. The Project Manager, shall be the link person with the World Bank and will work closely with each Project Implementation Team (PIT) established in the catchments. The PIU shall be responsible for monitoring progress in each O U catchment and shall be responsible for all procurement. The PIU shall also be responsible for: (i) overall coordination of project activities; (ii) managing the project's special account and ensuring proper and timely project accounting and reporting of project expenditures (iii) preparing consolidated progress reports. The Project Manager will use the quarterly reports from the PITs in the catchments to prepare a consolidated progress report. The report should cover: (i) progress to date in the implementation of the project; (ii) challenges and proposed actions to address them; (iii) status of the procurement process of key goods and materials; and (iv) status of disbursement and projection (v) the environmental and social safeguards and (vi) monitoring and evaluation. The PIU shall submit the report to the Government and the Bank. The PIU will also serve as its Secretariat and shall coordinate the PSC meetings and prepare minutes of the PSC meetings. Project Implementation Team: A Project Implementation Team (PIT) will be established at catchment level to implement the sub-project in the catchment and coordinate all other project activities that will involve the catchment. The PIT shall comprise the Operations Engineer, financial support staff, environmental and social staff, secondees from the Local Authorities, and other staff as appropriate. The Operations Engineer shall be the PIT Team leader and shall report to the Project Manager and the Catchment Manger via the Operations Manager. The Catchment Manger shall be tasked with overseeing progress on works in the catchmen t. The PIT will be responsible for day-to- day activities related to the project. It shall be responsible for drawing/approving specifications of goods, works and services in the catchment including preparing procurement requests to be forwarded to the PIU. The PIT shall also be responsible for daily supervision and certification of works, preparation of payment certificates, receiving and verifying material specifications as well as maintaining accurate project records (materials, work done and labor and equipment returns). The PIT shall also oversee the consultants working on activities in the catchment. The PIT is expected to meet regularly and shall prepare progress reports covering progress to date, disbursement progress , update on procurement, safeguards compliance, monitoring and evaluation aspects, bottlenecks affecting progress and proposed measures to address them and plan of action for remaining works and, progress and disbursement projection. o Monitoring and Evaluation: The project will play close attention to M&E as this is the first investment project in Zimbabwe in over a decade, and can inform future investments in the water sector and other sectors. ZINWA will set-up an M&E system in the PIU that will report to the Project Steering Committee and the Bank. The PIT in each catchment will conduct regular (monthly) reviews to assess physical progress, progress towards targets including connections, identify implementation bottlenecks and propose solutions to speed up progress and a program. The PIT will prepare monthly reports based on these reviews and forward to the PCU. The Project Coordinator will use the quarterly reports from the catchments to prepare a consolidated progress report. A consultant will be hire d to assist the PCU and PIT in conducting periodic monitoring and evaluation and preparing M&E progress reports. The PCU should send the monthly progress report to the SC and share the same with the Bank. 4. Project location and salient physical characteristics relevant to the safeguard analysis (if known) Water resources in Zimbabwe are managed by the Zimbabwe National Water Authority (ZINWA) based on the seven national catchment boundaries corresponding to the seven major rivers in Page 6 of 15 Zimbabwe. The proposed project will be implemented at seven priority water supply schemes selected, one from each catchment out of a combined fifty assessed schemes. The seven schemes are Madziwa (Mazowe Catchment), Guruve (Manyame Catchment), Nembudziya (Sanyati Chatchment), Gutu (Runde Catchment), Mataga (Mzingwane Catchment), Zimunya (Save Catchment) and Lupane (Gwayi Catchment). These schemes are operational and the local environment is already impacted by the earlier developments of the schemes and also other related land developments projects by the local Rural District Councils (RDCs). The sources of water for the above schemes vary from boreholes (Lupane), rivers (Madziwa, Guruve, Gutu) and existing dams (Lupane, Zimunya, Mataga and Nembudziya). The schemes fall within specific districts that are administered by the District Administrators (DA), while development is championed by the Rural District Council (RDC). The source rivers and dams are multi-purpose, combining domestic water supply, animal drinking, irrigation water and environmental uses under a stakeholder-driven water allocation and management system of the Sub- catchment Councils. In all the cases, the water available is believed to surpass the current combined water demand; this will be confirmed during appraisal. The targeted project interventions will be implemented in the RDCs' high- and medium-density planned residential areas. In some cases, the planned areas are already built up while other areas are not yet built up, although the layouts for the land developments are already finalized and approved. ZINWA used these approved layouts to develop the distribution networks. The exact footprints of the project will be limited to existing transmission routes while the distribution networks will be limited to the servitude areas provided in the development layouts. In all project areas, there will be no resettlement due to the planned nature of the targeted distribution areas. Physical inspections of the project areas showed that the building lines are clear and there are no physical structures that could have obstructed the installation of the water distribution networks. There is a minimum of four meters between houses and the internal roads are nine meters wide plus servitude areas, thereby giving adequate work room for manual trenching without interfering with household activities. The land on which the project treatment plants and ancillary works will be located belongs to the RDCs and ZINWA. Where the land belongs to the RDCs, the respective RDCs have consented to the utilization of such land since the project interventions also benefit the RDCs. In two of the seven scheme-related RDCs (Gutu and Zimunya), the sanitation services are managed a by ZINWA through stabilization ponds. In the other five RDCs, the sanitation systems vary from septic tanks for institutional and low density areas to pit latrines in some high density areas. The increased water supply in Gutu and Zimunya is likely to result in direct increase in effluent generated. In the case of Zimunya, the current stabilization ponds are underutilized; thus the expected increase in effluent generation is within the existing treatment system capacity. The mitigation for effluent increase for the Gutu ponds rests in desludging and removal of weeds to restore holding capacity. Despite the high level of planning in the project areas, the adequacy of the water sources and the rehabilitation nature of the project scope, the following issues will be critical for sustainable implementation of the project: * Occupational safety and health considering the heights or depths of the water treatment infrastructure (treatment plants, sedimentation tanks and storage tanks) and water treatment chemicals handling. ZINWA has put in place an occupational safety and health management system to help ensure that employees are attentive to the applicable risks and an emergency preparedness Page 7 of 15 plan. * Public safety and convenience during trenching (along public roadways). The community was engaged during ESMP formulations and were sensitized to the potential impact. Barricades and notifications on the ground will be made as part of the ESMP implementation. O ) * Rehabilitation of trenched areas. The requirements were highlighted in the respective ESMPs and the documents are part of the bidding documents for potential contractors to ensure that the rehabilitation requirements are part of the project costing for respective contractors. * Accommodation facilities on ZINWA or RDC land at subproject sites; currently, in one of the sites the chemical dosing room is used as office, laboratory, and sleeping room. As part of the project implementation, ZINWA will ensure sustainable housing arrangements for the operators staffing the respective water supply stations. Resources have been allocated for Nembudziya and Madziwa, where the accommodation issue is critical. * Consultation with water users and efficient allocation during water shortage periods. Key stakeholders were consulted during project preparation and will continue to be part of the citizen engagement agenda, during the project life cycle. Arrangements for continuing stakeholder engagement have been put in place. * Water quality management through staff training, adequate equipment and water quality monitoring. ZINWA will prioritize water quality management in the operational phases of the respective water supply stations. Procurement of water quality equipment has also been provided for as part of project preparation. * Citizen engagement and feedback. * Backwash effluent treatment and disposal at environmentally suitable sites. Upgrading of the backwash effluent handling facilities are provided for in the ESMPs. 5. Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialists George Campos Ledec (GENDR) Kristine Schwebach (GSURR) 6. Safeguard Policies Triggered? Explanation (Optional) Environmental Yes This is a Category B project because it involves Assessment OP/BP 4.01 rehabilitation and expansion of existing rural water supply infrastructure with only minor negative environmental and social impacts. An environmental assessment was carried out through the preparation of an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for each of the seven sub-projects. The potential adverse impacts were determined to be localized, of low significance, and manageable. With respect to water abstraction and use, there would be no real cumulative impact from the 7 water supply subprojects, because each one is (by design) in a different watershed catchment. The ESMPs have been reviewed and cleared by both the Bank Safeguards Advisor and the national competent authority on EIAs, the Environment Management Agency (EMA). The ESMPs were also disclosed locally and in the World Bank's public information center (InfoShop). Natural Habitats OP/BP Yes This policy was triggered on a precautionary basis 4.04 Page 8 of 15 considering that the raw water sources include dams and rivers that constitute a natural habitat for aquatic life. The project's impact on natural habitats was assessed as part of ESMP preparation for each subproject. In all project areas, the water transmission pipelines will not disturb any sensitive ecosystems like wetlands and marshes. The transmission mains will follow planned alignments, some of which traverse areas of natural vegetation although most would follow existing pipeline routes and road rights-of-way. In all project areas, the expected impacts on natural habitat are considered to be minimal. The water abstraction systems will prevent fish entrainment through the use of fine mesh wire at the inlet pipes. Forests OP/BP 4.36 No The project is not expected to affect the health and/or quality of forests, or bring about changes in forest management. There are no gazetted forest areas that would be affected by the project. There will be very minimal impacts upon non-gazetted wooded areas from the new rights-of-way for transmission mains. The ecological assessments of the transmission routes show that the targeted transmission routes are already impacted through earlier land developments for housing and road construction. The Forestry Company of Zimbabwe was also consulted and indicated that they have no objections to the project. Pest Management OP 4.09 No Construction and operation of the project is not expected to require any pest, vector, or weed management, other than periodic manual (non-chemical) removal of aquatic weeds from around water intake areas. This will be verified during project appraisal. Physical Cultural No Consultation with traditional leaders and the National Resources OP/BP 4.11 Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe confirmed that there are no know physical cultural resources within the project areas. The project area are known and show that they have already been affected by earlier development activities, such that any physical cultural resources would likely have been observed and reported earlier. Arrangements for close liaison with the traditional leaders, the Zimbabwe Republic Police, District Administrator, National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe and the RDCs Chief Executives have been made for smooth management of chance finds procedures and implementation of the ESMPs. Contractors will be informed of the chance finds procedure as precautionary measure. Page 9 of 15 Indigenous Peoples OP/ No There are no people within the project area who meet the BP 4.10 Indigenous Peoples criteria of OP 4.10. Involuntary Resettlement No The project areas are well planned and have no need for OP/BP 4.12 resettlement. There are no encroachments on the road reserves (rights-of-way) where the water mains would be installed and the building lines between houses were observed in all constructed areas. There are no temporary structures within building lines. Rehabilitation and expansion of water treatment works would be on existing ZINWA and RDC landholdings. Some of the targeted areas are actually new developments that are being developed and not yet inhabited. Recent field visits have confirmed that the specific locations of all project- supported civil works lack human habitation (including by squatters) and that no private property that would need to be taken for project works. Safety of Dams OP/BP Yes Following further consultations with the MEWC, review 4.37 of the project scope, and review of the SADC protocol on shared water courses in relation to requirements of OP7.50, it was concluded that this policy is not triggered. The shared international watercourses applicable to Zimbabwe and its neighbors are the: (a) Zambezi River, (b) Limpopo River, (c) Save River, (d) Mazowe River, and Pungwe River. The raw water sources for the seven water supply schemes under the project are not directly from an international waterway, nor are they directly from a tributary to an international waterways. The raw water sources are from internal river systems, dams, and underground sources that are indirectly and distantly connected to the international waterways through a minimum of three other larger tributaries, and a minimum of one hundred kilometers from the international waterways. This remote relationship between the targeted water source and the potentially affected international waterways, together with the scope of the abstraction volumes give adequate room for natural volumetric recharge; making the impact of intended raw water abstraction truly negligible compared to the remaining flow downstream. As an example, the Zimunya water supply scheme would abstract 0.05 megaliters per day from Zimunya Dam (912 mega liters capacity) on Mpudzi River which, in turn, discharges into Odzi River which eventually discharges into Save River (an international waterway). The dam capacity is almost 20,000 times the daily abstraction rate, making the abstraction negligible in comparison with the Page 10 of 15 source. The Mpudzi river flows are small when compared with what is discharged into the Odzi and Save Rivers by other downstream tributaries (Nyazvidzi, Tanganda, Devure and Nyanyadzi just to mention a few) to these two rivers. The water supply station is more than 200 kilometers away from the nearest border point between Zimbabwe and Mozambique along the Save River. The above situation of negligible impact on downstream flows is reflected in all the subproject areas. Zimbabwe is a signatory to the SADC Protocol on Shared Water Courses. Article 4 of the Protocol requires notification of the riparian states whenever the member state is implementing a planned activity that has significant negative effect on the water course member states. The requirement hinges on the "significance" of the impact of the proposed activity. In this project, the anticipated negative impact on the quantity or quality of any international water course is expected to be insignificant. ZINWA has in place mechanisms to measure or estimate the impact of the project in terms of flows while the Environmental Management Agency has mechanism in place to measure the pollution impacts of the proposed project on international waterways. These two organizations, together with the Ministry of Water, Environment and Climate, are part of the institutional arrangement under the SADC Protocol to ensure adequate monitoring and reporting of impacts of individual riparian states' activities on international waterways. The institutional arrangement includes the ZAMCOM for Zambezi River, LIMCOM for Limpopo River and the Save River Management Strategy. This institutional arrangement is consistent with the requirements of OP 7.50 Paragraph 3 on Arrangements. Projects on International No Following further consultations with the MEWC, review Waterways OP/BP 7.50 of the project scope, and review of the SADC protocol on shared water courses in relation to requirements of OP7.50, it was concluded that this policy is not triggered. The shared international watercourses applicable to Zimbabwe and its neighbors are the: (a) Zambezi River, (b) Limpopo River, (c) Save River, (d) Mazowe River, and Pungwe River. The raw water sources for the seven water supply schemes under the project are not directly from an international waterway, nor are they directly from a tributary to an international waterways. The raw water sources are from internal river systems, dams, and underground sources that are indirectly and distantly Page 11 of 15 connected to the international waterways through a minimum of three other larger tributaries, and a minimum of one hundred kilometers from the international waterways. This remote relationship between the targeted water source and the potentially affected international waterways, together with the scope of the abstraction volumes give adequate room for natural volumetric recharge; making the impact of intended raw water abstraction truly negligible compared to the remaining flow downstream. As an example, the Zimunya water supply scheme would abstract 0.05 megaliters per day from Zimunya Dam (912 mega liters capacity) on Mpudzi River which, in turn, discharges into Odzi River which eventually discharges into Save River (an international waterway). The dam capacity is almost 20,000 times the daily abstraction rate, making the abstraction negligible in comparison with the source. The Mpudzi river flows are small when compared with what is discharged into the Odzi and Save Rivers by other downstream tributaries (Nyazvidzi, Tanganda, Devure and Nyanyadzi just to mention a few) to these two rivers. The water supply station is more than 200 kilometers away from the nearest border point between Zimbabwe and Mozambique along the Save River. The above situation of negligible impact on downstream flows is reflected in all the subproject areas. Zimbabwe is a signatory to the SADC Protocol on Shared Water Courses. Article 4 of the Protocol requires notification of the riparian states whenever the member state is implementing a planned activity that has significant negative effect on the water course member states. The requirement hinges on the "significance" of the impact of the proposed activity. In this project, the anticipated negative impact on the quantity or quality of any international water course is expected to be insignificant. ZINWA has in place mechanisms to measure or estimate the impact of the project in terms of flows while the Environmental Management Agency has mechanism in place to measure the pollution impacts of the proposed project on international waterways. These two organizations, together with the Ministry of Water, Environment and Climate, are part of the institutional arrangement under the SADC Protocol to ensure adequate monitoring and reporting of impacts of individual riparian states' activities on international Page 12 of 15 waterways. The institutional arrangement includes the ZAMCOM for Zambezi River, LIMCOM for Limpopo River and the Save River Management Strategy. This institutional arrangement is consistent with the requirements of OP 7.50 Paragraph 3 on Arrangements. Projects in Disputed No The project is not located in a disputed area. Areas OP/BP 7.60 II. Key Safeguard Policy Issues and Their Management A. Summary of Key Safeguard Issues 1. Describe any safeguard issues and impacts associated with the proposed project. Identify and describe any potential large scale, significant and/or irreversible impacts: The Safeguards Policies that were triggered by the project are explained above, together with the planned management measures. There are no large scale, significant or irreversible negative impacts accompanying this project, owing to the small scale and rehabilitation focus of the proposed project. The project would be implemented on existing water supply and treatment schemes, all of which are relatively small-scale. Physical inspections of the seven project areas confirmed that there will be no involuntary resettlement. While no significant negative impacts are expected from the project, there are tremendous positive impacts in the form of improved water supply for a combined population of more than 50,000 people across the seven project areas. The significance of this positive impact is made more vivid by the fact that it will especially be felt by the women and girls who usually have the responsibility for fetching water, sometimes over long distances. 2. Describe any potential indirect and/or long term impacts due to anticipated future activities in the project area: The increase in the water supply has a direct relationship with increase in wastewater. Indirectly, O ) the proposed project will increase the potential for water pollution from sewage. The project provides for the assessment of sanitation needs for the local authorities; it is anticipated that the sanitation needs arising from the increased water supply will be assessed and plans to address them will be made, for funding through future projects. Trench digging for pipeline installation is likely to raise the potential for erosion, in the absence of adequate rehabilitation. The ESMPs provide for adequate rehabilitation through specific requirements for civil works contractors to follow. 3. Describe any project alternatives (if relevant) considered to help avoid or minimize adverse impacts. In accordance with the recommendations of Zimbabwe's Environmental Management Agency (EMA), the project's water treatment plants will discharge their effluent indirectly, through irrigation of bananas or other crops, or discharge onto a grassy lawn. ZINWA will make arrangements for implementation of indirect effluent discharge back to the water courses. 4. Describe measures taken by the borrower to address safeguard policy issues. Provide an assessment of borrower capacity to plan and implement the measures described. Measures to address safeguards issues include the following: ZINWA formulated an ESMP for each of the seven project areas. The ESMPs were reviewed and cleared by both the Zimbabwe Environment Management Agency (EMA) and the World Bank Safeguards Advisor. The ESMPs Page 13 of 15 covered all applicable World Bank Safeguard Policies. ZINWA has conducted dam safety inspections on all project-related dams (Lupane, Zimunya, Mataga and Nembudziya). . These dam safety reports were submitted to the World Bank. ZINWA has put in place a Project Implementation Unit (PIU) that includes a full time safeguards expert personnel at head office O Q) level. There is a Project Implementation Team (PIT) at each of the seven catchment offices who will be responsible for the day to day running of the project on the ground. The PIT also includes a safeguards specialist The deployment of safeguards personnel at both the project and sub-project levels will ensure the cohesion of safeguards processes from planning to implementation to monitoring and evaluation. The personnel at both the head office and the catchment offices are qualified, with a minimum bachelor of Science degree in natural sciences. The personnel all have a minimum of 5 years in water quality management and participate in Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (ESIA) for ZINWA projects. These personnel are also involved in the review of other developers' ESIAs through ZINWA stake holding to the Environment Management Agency (EMA) ESIA processes. The project team is satisfied that ZINWA has capacity to plan, implement and monitor the safeguards issues pertaining to the project. 5. Identify the key stakeholders and describe the mechanisms for consultation and disclosure on safeguard policies, with an emphasis on potentially affected people. Stakeholder listing and consultation was conducted extensively with the approval of the regulatory authority (EMA). The stakeholder listing included clusters of government departments, local leadership, Local RDCs, NGOs where applicable, womens groups and targeted beneficiaries. Each of these clusters participated in the formulation of the respective ESMPs and will be continually involved in the monitoring process for the ESMP implementation. Following the completion of each safeguards instrument, they were distributed to each catchment office, EMA, District Administrator and the RDC. Meetings were held with the local communities and beneficiaries as part of disclosing the safeguards documents. B. Disclosure Requirements Environmental Assessment/Audit/Management Plan/Other Date of receipt by the Bank 30-Sep-2015 Date of submission to InfoShop 02-Oct-2015 For category A projects, date of distributing the Executive /// Summary of the EA to the Executive Directors "In country" Disclosure Comments: If the project triggers the Pest Management and/or Physical Cultural Resources policies, the respective issues are to be addressed and disclosed as part of the Environmental Assessment/ Audit/or EMP. If in-country disclosure of any of the above documents is not expected, please explain why: C. Compliance Monitoring Indicators at the Corporate Level OP/BP/GP 4.01 - Environment Assessment Does the project require a stand-alone EA (including EMP) Yes[X] No[ NA report? Page 14 of 15 If yes, then did the Regional Environment Unit or Practice Yes [ ] No [ ] NA [ X] Manager (PM) review and approve the EA report? Are the cost and the accountabilities for the EMP incorporated Yes [ ] No [ ] NA [ X] in the credit/loan? OP/BP 4.04 - Natural Habitats Would the project result in any significant conversion or Yes [ ] No [X] NA [ ] degradation of critical natural habitats? Ifthe project would result in significant conversion or Yes [ ] No [ ] NA [ X] degradation of other (non-critical) natural habitats, does the project include mitigation measures acceptable to the Bank? OP/BP 4.37 - Safety of Dams Have dam safety plans been prepared? Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] Have the TORs as well as composition for the independent Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] Panel of Experts (POE) been reviewed and approved by the Bank? Has an Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP) been prepared and Yes [X] No [ ] NA [ ] arrangements been made for public awareness and training? The World Bank Policy on Disclosure of Information Have relevant safeguard policies documents been sent to the Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] World Bank's Infoshop? Have relevant documents been disclosed in-country in a public Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] place in a form and language that are understandable and accessible to project-affected groups and local NGOs? All Safeguard Policies Have satisfactory calendar, budget and clear institutional Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] responsibilities been prepared for the implementation of measures related to safeguard policies? O Have costs related to safeguard policy measures been included Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] in the project cost? Does the Monitoring and Evaluation system of the project Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] include the monitoring of safeguard impacts and measures related to safeguard policies? Have satisfactory implementation arrangements been agreed Yes [ X] No [ ] NA [ ] with the borrower and the same been adequately reflected in the project legal documents? III. APPROVALS Task Team Leader(s): Name: Chloe Oliver Viola Approved By Safeguards Advisor: Name: Johanna van Tilburg (SA) Date: 01-Oct-2015 Practice Manager/ Name: Alexander E. Bakalian (PMGR) Date: 01-Oct-2015 Manager: Page 15 of 15