71183 v2 Peru: Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 2007 GDP 2007 GDP 2007 Share 2007 Trade Membership No. of RTAs/ EIAs (millions) per capita in World Trade per capita GATT WTO Goods Services $109,195 $3,906 0.16% $1,888 1951 1995 4 0 Peru TRADE PERFORMANCE ‡ LAC Ranking Decile TP Lower mid inc TRADE POLICY (TP) (out of 125) 78 7 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE) (out of 126) 112 9 TO EE INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) (out of 181) 62 4 TRADE FACILITATION (TF) (out of 151) 59 4 TRADE OUTCOME (TO) (out of 161) 8 1 TF IE ‡ Rankings are based on the "representative" indicators (in bold) in each group below for the latest year Outer bound represents best value in latest year TRADE POLICY (TP)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Trade Tariff Restrictiveness Index (MFN applied tariffs)& 12.9 7.6 7.4 * TTRI (applied tariffs including preferences) & .. 5.8 5.3 * TTRI Overall TRI (OTRI, applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& .. 12.8 12.3 * (MFN) Other trade policy indicators MFN applied tariff - simple avg (%) 14.2 12.2 10.2 6.1 Applied Dispersion (coefficient of variation) 0.2 0.4 0.6 1.0 tariff (wgt avg) Maximum rate 21.3 25.0 20.0 20.0 Agriculture - simple avg (%) 15.5 15.8 13.6 10.0 Import Nonagriculture - simple avg (%) 14.0 11.7 9.7 5.5 duties MFN applied tariff - trade weighted avg (%) 13.4 11.3 7.6 2.9 MFN zero-duty imports (% in total imports) 0.0 0.0 13.8 19.6 * Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - trade weighted avg (%) 13.4 10.8 5.2 2.2 Nontariff measures Agriculture 14.9 12.9 5.9 3.4 Nonagriculture 13.0 10.5 5.1 2.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - production weighted avg (%) .. 11.2 9.2 * LAC Lower mid inc Peru Applied tariff (incl. prefs.) escalation (finished% minus raw%) -1.1 -0.4 -0.9 Agriculture .. 2.3 3.5 2.9 Nonagriculture .. 0.0 0.2 -0.2 Import duties (% of imports) 8.8 6.6 5.3 .. Services commit. Tariff overhang (MFN bound less MFN applied rate,%) 15.9 17.9 20.0 24.1 Bound tariff frequency ratio (% of total lines) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 * Specific tariffs frequency ratio (%) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 40 80 Non-tariff measures frequency ratio (%) .. 39.8 .. .. LAC Lower mid inc Peru Overall GATS commitment index (0-100, best) .. 24.6 24.6 EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT (EE)  1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ MA-TTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.)& 1.8 0.8 * MA-OTRI (applied tariffs incl. prefs.+NTMs)& 9.2 6.4 * MA-TTRI Other external environment indicators ROW applied tariff (incl. prefs.) - weighted avg (%) 4.0 3.1 1.8 1.3 * MFN duty free Agriculture 7.3 3.8 2.2 0.8 * (exports) Nonagriculture 3.5 3.0 1.7 1.3 * MFN zero-duty exports (% of total exports) 33.1 40.6 50.5 55.8 * Value of prefer Exports with FTA / CU partners (% of total exports) 5.4 5.9 5.4 5.2 * Preferences (EU+U.S.) utilization rate (%) .. .. 98.7 97.9 * 0 1 Lowest Highest Preferences (EU+U.S.) actual value (% of exports) .. .. 3.1 3.0 * LAC Lower mid inc Peru Real effective exchange rate (% change,+ =apprec.) .. .. .. .. ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used(noted by *). For more infor., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008. ŸMFN: most favored nation; NTM: nontariff measures; MA: market access; ROW: rest of the world; FTA: free trade agreement; CU: customs union; WTO: World Trade Organization GATT: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade; WGI: World Government Indicators; ".." indicates missing value; RTA/EIA: regional trade arrangement / economic integration arrangement; & 2007 are preliminary estimates Peru Trade At-A-Glance Dec-08 INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT (IE) 2004 2006 2007 2008 Ease of Doing Business (rank out of 181) .. .. 53 62 Starting a business (rank) .. .. 106 116 Enforcing contracts (rank) .. .. 119 116 Ease of Doing Closing a business (rank) .. 97 119 Business Other institutional environment indicators WGI - Regulatory Quality (-2.5 to +2.5, best) -0.51 -0.52 -0.44 .. 0 80 160 WGI - Rule of Law (-2.5 to +2.5, best) -0.63 -0.76 -0.71 .. LAC Lower mid inc Peru WGI - Control of Corruption (-2.5 to +2.5, best) -0.39 -0.33 -0.38 .. TRADE FACILITATION (TF) 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Logistics Performance Index (LPI, 1 to 5 best) .. .. 2.8 2.8 * Efficiency of customs and other border procedures .. .. 2.7 2.7 * Logistic Index Quality of transport and IT infrastructures .. .. 2.6 2.6 * International transportation costs .. .. 2.9 2.9 * Logistics competence .. .. 2.7 2.7 * Trading Trackability of shipments .. .. 2.7 2.7 * Across Borders Domestic transportation costs .. .. 3.0 3.0 * Timeliness of shipment .. .. 3.0 3.0 * Other trade facilitation indicators UNCTAD Shipping Doing Business - Trading Across Borders (rank out of 181) .. 75 93 No. of documents required for exports .. .. 7 7 No. of days process required for exports .. .. 6 6 Telephones Cost to export (US$ per container) .. .. 590 875 per 100 No. of documents required for imports .. .. 8 8 No. of days process required for imports .. .. 31 25 Secondary Cost to import (US$ per container) .. .. 670 895 enrollment Liner shipping connectivity index (0-100 best) .. .. 15.4 16.9 Telephones and mobiles per 100 people 8.0 16.1 44.7 64.8 * 0 Lowest 1 Highest Average cost of 3-minute call to U.S. (US$) 4.1 1.9 .. .. LAC Lower mid inc Peru Internet usage (per 100 people) 0.8 8.5 22.6 27.4 * Secondary gross school enrollment (%) 83.1 90.0 93.5 94.5 * TRADE OUTCOME (TO) ## 1995-99^ 2000-04^ 2005-07^ Latest^ Real growth in trade of goods and services (%) 6.3 6.6 9.7 21.8 25 21.8 Exports 8.1 8.7 7.5 14.8 20 Imports 5.3 4.7 10.1 27.6 15 Other trade outcome indicators 10 10.1 9.7 8.8 8.9 7.9 7.7 6.1 6.3 6.6 Trade integration (trade as % of GDP) 31.6 35.1 47.2 57.7 5 5.0 3.7 FDI inflow (% of GDP) 4.3 2.4 3.0 1.7 0 1995-99 2000-04 2005-07 2008 World trade share growth (%) 0.1 0.8 9.5 18.5 Trade Growth Rate Exports 1.3 4.0 13.6 14.8 Peru LAC Lower mid inc Imports -0.6 -2.3 4.2 22.9 Merchandise share in total exports (%) 80.1 83.9 90.1 92.0 Exports Share (2005-07) Agriculture 26.9 26.0 18.7 17.5 * Service, Manufacturing 14.7 17.8 14.0 12.7 * 9.9 Agric, Mining, fuel and others 38.4 40.0 56.8 60.5 * 18.7 Service share in total exports (%) 19.9 16.1 9.9 8.2 Tourism 9.6 8.7 6.0 5.3 * Manuf, Transportation 4.0 2.8 2.1 2.0 * 14.0 Other services 6.3 4.5 2.4 2.1 * Export product concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 23.1 23.4 25.0 25.6 * Mining, 56.8 Export market concentration index (0 to 100, highest) 30.1 32.7 30.8 29.0 * Top 5 exports share (% of merchandise exports) .. .. 62.7 62.9 * Top 5 exports (SITC Rev. 2; 3 digit) Copper ores/conc[283], Gold[971], Base metal ore[287], Copper[682], Hvy pet/bitum oils[334] ^ Indicators shown are period averages, incl. growth rates. Latest indicates 2008; when not available, 2006 or 2007 is used (noted by *). For more info., see User's Guide at http://www.worldbank.org/wti2008 ## Most outcome indicators (mostly through 2007) are from the WDI (World Bank, Data Group), UNCTAD or COMTRADE; for filling gaps and 2008, data from the Prospects Group are used.