INCLUSIVE COMMUNITY RESILIENCE Empowering communities for resilience What We Do Through the Inclusive Community Resilience (ICR) initiative, GFDRR taps into grassroots Integrate citizen engagement, expertise in disaster risk management and social inclusion, and gender into disaster and climate risk promotes scalable models that engage directly management investments. with communities, making them equal partners with governments. In the event of disaster, Engage large-scale country studies show that 90% of survivors are rescued programs that provide resources directly to poor households and by their own neighbors. This core community communities in order to strengthen strength in responding to—and protecting resilience to disaster. against—natural hazards and climate change is at the center of the ICR initiative. Generate and share evidence on effective, community-driven disaster and climate risk management, and promote community voices in global dialogue. $3 BILLION INVESTMENTS PER YEAR REACHING 240 MILLION PEOPLE SO FAR GFDRR is helping shape and leverage the World Bank's community-driven development portfolio APPROACH INVESTING IN COMMUNITY DEVELOPING AN EVIDENCE BASE Charting a New Course for RESILIENCE Communities in the Pacific ICR places a high priority on documenting and sharing By bringing disaster and climate risk management into evidence on successful community-driven disaster and large-scale country investment operations, ICR helps climate risk management approaches. to channel risk management resources directly to poor In the Solomon Islands, a community-driven initiative The ICR initiative supports the Community Practitioners 49 MUNICIPALITIES households and communities. to revive the water supply system destroyed by Tropical Platform for Resilience—a network of grassroots Cyclone Nina directly benefited 700 households. It is For example, in the Philippines, ICR is training people organizations with a focus on community resilience—in projected to scale up to four provinces and will reach in selected villages on risk management and community documenting the role of women in strengthening disaster about 79,000 people. mapping and is drawing on local knowledge as part of the and climate resilience in their communities. effort. This information is then shared with all community In Timor-Leste, GFDRR supported efforts to identify risk In Guatemala, for example, the network helped launch members, who factor it into overall investment decisions and reduce vulnerability in 49 municipalities. The project, a reforestation program, led by women in highland in a broader community-driven development program. which included the development of community-based communities, after Tropical Storm Agatha damaged the 87,000 BENEFICIARIES The end goal is to expand this initiative to all villages guidelines for disaster-risk management and features ecosystem and cut water supplies. Using trees that purify included in the program, in some 800 municipalities. climate- and disaster-resilient road infrastructure, is water and contain erosion, the project rebuilt water expected to reach 87,000 beneficiaries and improve supplies (see below). livelihoods throughout the country. PROMOTING SOCIAL INCLUSION Integrating citizen engagement and gender into investments. Through ICR's Gender Action Plan, GFDRR is bolstering its Recommendations on Strengthening commitment to integrating gender issues into climate and disaster risk management efforts by: • Understanding and addressing the different needs of men and women in disaster risk Social Resilience management investments; and Core Properties of Resilience • Promoting women’s empowerment for broader resilience strengthening. MODULARITY Support bottom-up approaches that make use of social networks and support (networks) autonomous adaptation based on the lived experience of poor communities. RESPONSIVE, Support communities to increase diversity and fallback options (e.g., REGULATORY diversification of livelihoods into activities less sensitive to climate-related or other FEEDBACK forms of risk, such as through voluntary migration). We can use the reforestation program in our community as a Enhance social learning and sound governance as a form of regulatory living barrier against disaster because the trees have an impact DIVERSITY AND feedback (e.g., building capacity in participatory approaches to scenario-based on the force of the wind. The project helps women by providing REDUNDANCY planning or measures to increase social accountability in the use of public finance for climate change response). an income and helps the community, which has been heavily damaged by disasters in the last few years. WOMEN'S Understand the gender dimensions of climate change and empower women —Josefina Sincal EMPOWERMENT as resilience champions. Community leader and recipient of grant from GFDRR | Patzún, Chimaltenango, Guatemala Martin-Breen, Patrick, and J. Marty Anderies. 2011. “Resilience: A Literature Review.” Unpublished paper prepared for the Rockefeller Foundation (September). Arnold, Margaret; Mearns, Robin; Oshima, Kaori; Prasad, Vivek. 2014. Climate and disaster resilience : the role for Community-Driven Development (CDD). Washington, DC ; World Bank Group. 2 ACTIVE ENGAGEMENTS AFGHANISTAN: Community-Driven Development The project will support activities led by communities including: local risk assessment; participatory risk planning; and training programs on community-based disaster risk management developed and rolled out across 12,000 communities. KYRGYZ REPUBLIC AFGHANISTAN PAKISTAN NEPAL HAITI BELIZE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC JAMAICA DOMINICA NIGER SAINT LUCIA SENEGAL GRENADA PHILIPPINES KIRIBATI SIERRA LEONE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC SOMALIA JAMAICA: Social Protection TOGO KENYA INDONESIA MARSHALL ISLANDS CONGO, DR The project will support Jamaica’s BURUNDI objectives of greater preparedness of SEYCHELLES poor and vulnerable households by improving the design of critical social SOLOMON ISLANDS MALAWI protection channels and providing SAMOA BOLIVIA capacity building and training for staff VANUATU and beneficiaries. TONGA FIJI This project is also complementing the efforts of existing projects worth $110 MOZAMBIQUE million, strengthening the links between Jamaica’s social system and disaster risk management. SOMALIA: Gender-Based Violence Violence against women increases in the aftermath of disaster as existing strains are exacerbated. This pilot project in Somalia seeks to address this dynamic by: • Increasing the economic opportunities of women to ICR Targets improve livelihoods and build resilience; and Over the next 5 years the ICR initiative aims to: • Improving gender-based violence response services, such as hotlines and shelters. Reach INFLUENCE $5 BILLION Support GFDRR's 250 MILLION PEOPLE in the World Bank’s funding objective to have in communities around for communities and households 100% OF ACTIVITIES the world. ($1 billion per year). gender-informed. 4 Indonesia Social Protection: Protecting Livelihoods and Improving Fallback Options Indonesia operates the largest community-driven program Social protection provides an important way to directly financing needs in Africa’s Sahel region. This approach, in the world, empowering residents at a local level to $3 reach millions of poor people facing increasing disaster the first pilot of its kind, will enable countries to roll decide how development funds should be spent. The MILLION risk. These programs harness existing state channels to out social protection mechanisms before hazard events program is also a compelling example of how GFDRR GRANT provide financial aid such as cash transfers, subsidies strike, thus, significantly reducing the negative impact works within larger investment projects to strengthen and social insurance. This enables communities to of extreme climate events. local-level resilience at scale. better manage shocks and helps to avoid negative After years of success in rural villages, in 2012 the identify risks gather data POPULATION coping responses such as removing children from Indonesian government focused on urban areas and slums train consultants school or selling off assets. for upgrading: with support from the World Bank, the vunerable/ GFDRR is implementing innovative approaches, near poor SCALABILITY government provided a loan of more than $150 million focusing on the links between social protection, disaster COMPONENT pe to be shared among 75,000 wards—or villages in urban lu ence s nding o subset areas. At this point, GFDRR issued a grant of $3 million inf n risk management, and climate change adaptation. In of poor addition, these efforts support the call for a greater REGULAR to help some of these communities consider disaster risk SAFETY NET focus on the social dimensions of climate change and management in overall development projects. PROGRAM related vulnerability. BENEFIT $150 AMOUNT For example, GFDRR is working with the Red Cross Red The grant was primarily used for technical MILLION Crescent Climate Centre to anticipate forecast-based regular benefit additional grants assistance in identifying risk. Local community INVESTMENT committees hired consultants who were trained FROM WBG on disaster risk management. At the same time, GFDRR also trained the consultants on Tracking the Community Impact of Disaster communicating the results and mobilizing communities to discuss development issues. SCALE MODEL TO SUPPORT During the recovery period, GFDRR supported the close This graph reveals long-term effects of Cyclone Provided with this risk information, communities could 75,000 WARDS monitoring of the social impact of the devastation Nargis, showing that, even five years after it then make decisions on which basic projects to prioritize – through four rounds of studies. Such analytics support struck Myanmar and killed 140,000 people, for example drainage in a ward prone to flooding. GFDRR policy around the world and help shape future villages in the Ayeyarwady Delta continued to recovery efforts. face dire economic straits. The GFDRR grant created an original model, ECONOMIC CONDITIONS BY DEGREE OF AFFECTEDNESS which was then scaled to a national level across 75,000 wards, including government distribution number of villages level of affectedness High Mid Low of disaster risk training manuals and the incorporation of the techniques into mainstream approaches to slum upgrading 2 2 2 4 4 4 6 6 6 8 8 8 10 10 10 GOOD STANDING FAIR STANDING POOR STANDING 6 CONTACT MARGARET ARNOLD Senior Social Development Specialist, World Bank marnold@worldbank.org GFDRR THEMATIC INITIATIVE: INCLUSIVE COMMUNITY RESILIENCE Empowering Communities For Resilience