EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA WOMEN DEMOGRAPHICS GENDER AT A GLANCE 81831 REV MEN POPULATION BY AGE, 2010 SERBIA Source: UN World Population Prospects. 100+ 90-94 80-84 1 70-74 GNI per capita (Atlas Method) US$5,280 60-64 Population living below US$2.50 2%2 Most recent…. 50-54 Government Gender Action Plan 2010-2015 40-44 Country Gender Assessment 2010, USAID 30-34 Source: 1WDI, 2012. 2ECAPOV, 2010. Estimated as of September, 2013. 20-24 10-14 EQUALITY IN SERBIA, 2000-2011 0-4 Source: GenderStats, UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union. Female gross WOMEN secondary EDUCATION 2000* MEN enrollment 100 2011** SHARE OF TERTIARY GRADUATES BY AREA OF STUDY, 2011 Source: GenderStats. Education 50 Health Female labor Humanities and arts Share of women force 0 Social science, business and law in parliament participation (ages 15-64) Services Agriculture Science Engineeri ng, manufacturing and constructi on Women's 0% 50% 100% monthly wages as a share of men's WOMEN (unadjusted) JOBS MEN *Women’s wages as share of men’s (2005); Share of women in parliament (2006). **Female labor force participation (2012); Women’s wages as share of men’s (2007); Share of women in parliament (2013). LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15-64) , 2008-2012 Source: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. 75 GLOBAL INDICES Score Max Rank Year 70 World Economic Forum 65 Global Gender Gap Index 0.7037 1 50/135 2012 60 UNDP Gender Empowerment Measure 0.621 1 42/109 2009 55 50 OECD Social Institutions & Gender Index 0.1180 0 11/86 2012 45 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR*(%), 2009 Source: KILM (ILO). *Sectors include those with over 5% of total employment. Sector share of total employment Health and social work 7% Education 6% Wholesale and retail trade; repairs 14% Other services activities 5% Public administration and defence 5% Agriculture, hunti ng and forestry 24% Manufacturing 17% Transport, storage and communications 6% Const ruction 5% 0% 50% 100% The constitution of Serbia guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership and inheri- LEGAL FRAMEWORK tance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are no laws restricting the indus- tries in which women may work. Women are entitled to 135 calendar days of maternity leave with 108% of wages paid. Parents are entitled to an additional 230 days of parental leave with 100% of wages paid. The law guarantees pregnant and nursing women workplace protections from dismissal; however, it does not guarantee placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave or rights to a flexible schedule. The law stipulates public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. The age at which men and women can retire and receive full benefits is 65 and 60, respectively. There is legislation specifically addressing domestic violence that includes emotional and physical abuse (does not include financial or sexual abuse). Source: Women, Business and the Law (2013). PERCEPTIONS Roma Non-Roma ROMA POPULATION Educational expectation for boys/girls (16+)… For boys For girls For boys For girls Primary education 1% 2% 2% 0% Roma Non-Roma Lower secondary education 18% 25% 2% 3% KEY INDICATORS Male Female Male Female Upper secondary education 48% 44% 29% 29% Literacy rate (16+) 92% 79% 98% 97% Post-secondary education 33% 29% 67% 68% Gross enrollment rate Roma Non-Roma (Upper-secondary education 16-19) 27% 23% 78% 64% Believe it somewhat or fully acceptable… Male Female Male Female Average years of education (25-64) 6.7 5.9 11.0 10.6 For a man to slap his wife 40% 34% 25% 12% Employment rate (15-64) 40% 13% 55% 31% For a wife to slap her husband 11% 17% 11% 11% Unemployment rate (15-64) 39% 67% 21% 37% Felt discriminated against because of… POVERTY Roma Non-Roma Ethnicity 27% 22% 4% 2% PPP$2.15 expenditures based 5% 0% Gender 4% 5% 0% 2% PPP$4.30 expenditures based 26% 4% Source: UNDP/WB/EC Roma survey for Serbia (2011). Serbia Europe & Central OECD Upper Middle Year* Asia Income KEY INDICATORS Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 95 95 103 102 105 104 111 110 2011 Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 91 92 100 97 99 99 84 87 2011 Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 44 57 54 66 62 74 33 40 2011 Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group) 100 99 98 99 101 101 97 99 2011 Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 99 97 99 98 96 91 2010 Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 25 31 Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment - 102 - 98 - 100 - 104 2011 Life expectancy at birth (years) 72 77 73 80 77 82 71 75 2011 Maternal mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) - 12 - 21 - 19 - 64 2010 Fertility rates (births per woman) - 1.4 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.8 2011 Access to Economic Opportunity Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64) 69 51 77 62 79 62 83 65 2012 Unemployment (% of labor force) 18.3 20.4 8.9 8.7 8.0 7.9 2010 Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 31.0 41.3 19.9 20.5 17.2 16.5 2008 Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 33 27 22 15 18 13 2010 Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3 81 44 2006 living in household Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms) - 29 - - - 2009 Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's - 4 - - - 2007 wages, unadjusted) Share of women employed in the non-agricultural sector (% of - 44 - 47 - 46 - 39 2009 total non-agricultural employment) Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 62 62 73 66 86 80 62 53 2011 Agency Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments(%) - 33 - 24 - 25 - 22 2013 Firms with female top managers (%) - 16 - - - 2009 Share of women among ministers (%) - 15 - 19 - 24 - 15 2012 Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife *Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year. Data from GenderStats (extracted September 10, 2013), UNECE, ILO KILM 7th Edition, Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of September 1, 2013), and the central statistics office of Serbia. DATA Please note that where possible, data is from harmonized, internationally comparable sources. WANT TO KNOW MORE? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at www.datatopics.worldbank.org/gender