Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY MICROFICHE COPY Report No. P- 5708-UNI Type: (PM) QUEI, C. / X35525 / J6 051/ AF4IN R_ot No. P-5708-UNI MEMORANDUM AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF ThE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A pROPOSED CREDIT IN THE AMOUNT EQUIVALENT TO SDR 49.8 MILLION TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA FOR A FIRST MULTISTATE ROADS PROJECT MAY 29, 1992 This document bas a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients ooly in tbe performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EOUIVALENTS (April 1992) Currency Unit = Naira (M) = 100 Kobo (k) US$1 = N18.00 Naira (N) = US$0.0556 MEASURES AND EOUiVALENTS I kilometer (km) = 0.62 miles 1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet 25.4 millimeters (mm) = 1 inch ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment ERR - Economic Rate of Return FEPA - Federal Environmental Protection Agency FMWH - Federal Ministry of Works and Housing ICB - International Competitive Bidding LCB - Local Competitive Bidding MSRP - Multistate Roads Project SMOWT - State Ministry of Works and Transport FISCAL YEAR January I - December 31 FOR OmCIL USE ONLY FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA FIRST MULTISTATE ROADS PROJECT !CREDIT AND PROJECT SUMMARY Borrower: Federal Government of Nigeria (FON). Beneficiaries: Federal Ministry of Works and Housing (FMWH) State Ministries of Works and Transport (SMOWTs) in the Jigawa and Kano States. Credit Amount: SDR 49.8 mil!ion (US$68 million equivalent). Ierms: Standard IDA, with 35 years' maturity. OnlQ ding Terms: From FGN to the States for twenty years, including 5 years of grace at the IBRD variable interest rate. The Swtes would bear the foreign exchange risk. Approximately US$2.0 million would be retained by the Government to finance technical assistance to FMWH. Local Foreign IQtlI US$Miions Fiing Plan IDA 3.0 65.0 68.0 State Governments Jigawa 9.0 1.5 10.5 Kano 11.1 1.5 12.6 Federal Government (FMWH) 027 0.0 0.7 Total L0 EcAoomic Rate of Retur: 37% Staff Apprsal lDpRt=: No. 10282-UNI mm IBRD Nos. 23529, 23530 and 23531 This document has a resticted distribudon and may be used tb; re&Fients only In the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclkwsed wi,.lut World Bank authorzation. MEMORANDUM AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED CREDIT TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA FOR THE FIRST MULTISTATE ROADS PROJECT 1. I submit for your approval the following memorandum and recommendation on a proposed development credit to the Federal Republic of Nigeria (FGN) for SDR 49.8 million, the equivalent of US$68 millior, to help finance the First Multistate Roads Project (MSRP). The credit would be on standari IDA terms with a maturity of 35 years. The Government would onlend: US$30 million equivalent to Jigawa and US$36 million equivalent to Kano at IBRD's standard variable interest, including five years of grace. The states would bear the foreign exchange risk. In addition, US$2.0 million equivalent would be passed on to the Federal Ministry of Works ana Housing (FMWH) to finance technical assistance. 2. Ickgrund. Over the last 15 years a remarkable expansion and improvement has occurred in the Nigerian roads system. However, inadequate maintenance now threatens the road network, raising the possibility of the loss of past investments and serious repercussions for the economic well-being cf the country. Road maintenance capability is weak at all levels of Government, and this problem is compounded by weak organizational structures for managing the road system. T he Bank is supporting a shift in emphasis to maintenance from new construction. In line wih this policy shift, the Government of Nigeria has requested the Bank's assistance to improve the road networks in selected states. The proposed project, which would be the Bank's first operation for state roads, would provide the opportunity to pursue at the state level the types of improvements being introduced at the federal level to strengthen the management of road administration. Originally six states, Anambra, Kaduna, Kano, Lagos, Niger and Oyo were selected ey the FGN for inclusion in the proposed MSRP, based on their capacity to mreet the local costs of road programs and their willingness to reorient roads expenditure from expansion to maintenance, upgrading, and strengthening. The number of states was later reduced !o two viz., Kano and Jigawa at the request of the Government. 3. EQiect Objcives. The main objective of the proposed project is to support a sustainable improvement program for high priority roads in the states of Jigawa and Kano by: (a) creating a capacity for planning and management of the state roads system, including strengthening of the State Ministries of Works and Transport (SMOWTs); and (b) developing a road upgrading, rehabilitation and maintenance program and increasing the use of private contractors. In parallel with the roads rehabilitation program, the project will support a comprehensive institutional development program that will strengthen the capacity of SMOWT staff in the three states to plan and oversee works carried out by private contractors through on-the-job and formal training. The project will also establish Technology Transfer Centers at the state level. - 2 - 4. Project Description. The proposed project would support the following main components in the states of Jigawa and Kano to be executed by contract for: (a) Civil Works. (i) Road maintenance, rehabilitation and strengthening. An economically justified program to reduce the backlog of rehabilitation and strengthening works on about 830 km of priority state roads; xii) Roads upgrading. Paving of about 220 km of selected high priority, heavily trafficked unsurfaced roads to appropriate design standards; (b) Vehicles and equipment. Procurement of vehicles and equipment as au aid for better management of roads; and (c) Instituional development. Developmert of staff capabilities for planning, design and supervision of construction and maintenance of state roads; staff would be assisted to put this into practice by moving towards greater use of contractors and away from force account operations. 5. The total cost of the project is estimated at US$91.8 million with a foreign exchange component of US$68.0 million (74%). A breakdown of costs and financing are shown in Schedule A. Amounts and the methods of procurement and of disbursement, and the disbursement schedule are shown in Schedule B. A timetable of key project processing events and the status of Bank Group Operations in Nigeria are given in Schedules C and D, respectively. The maps are also attached. The Staff Appraisal Report No. 10282-UNI dated May 5, 1992 is also attached. 6. Proiect lmplementation. The SMOWT's of Jigawa and Kano would implement the programs with oversight provided by the FMWH. Both the FMWH and the project SMOWT in each state will be assisted by consultants who would also be responsible for contract administration and construction supervision. Consultants subject to Bank approval would also be employed to provide technical assistance and training. Local financing will be provided by each state through allocations from its Federation Account (less than 4% of each state's monthly allocation) with the FGN, and increases in road user charges. IDA financing will be provided through the FGN which will onlend the funds to the states. Most of the IDA financed road contracts will he procured by International Competitive Bidding. 7. Project Sustainability. The project is designed to enhance the capacity of state authorities to plan and implement routine and periodic maintenance of state roads and to ensure sustainability by: (a) substituting force account operations with maintenance contracts with small to medium-scale domestic contractors; and (b) improving availability of funds through reforms in resource mobilization, cost recovery and budgetary allocation. A key aspect is that each participating state must prepare an action plan and to increase road user charges under their jurisdiction to enable them to meet at least the cost of recurrent maintenance. 8. Lessons Learned from Previous Bank/IDA Involvement. The World Bank Group involved in Nigeria's transport sector has consisted of one railway project, two port projects -3 - and seven highway projects. The Transport Parastatals Project (June 1986) has supported the government's efforts to improve the performance of parastatals, especially in railways and ports. Two types of problems predominated in past lending operations in the transport sector, and measures have been taken in the design of the proposed MSRP to avoid their recurrence. The first problem was the lack of success of institutional development components compared to the relative success of physical investment. The MSRP would build up the SMOWTs by first of all relieving them from the management of force account operations and strengthening their capacity to plan, design and supervise the works to be carried out by contract. By focussing on priority areas, this approach would maximize the use of the limited manpower available in the SMOWTs at the technical and managerial levels. Most road maintenance works would be transferred to private contractors which could operate more efficiently with less bureaucratic constraints. Second, past road projects suffered substantial delays in reaching agreement on bidding documents and other procurement related matters due partly to a lack of familiarity with Bank requirements stemming from the lack of staff continuity, and poor training and communication. During the preparation of the proposed project, special efforts have been taken to familiarize staff at the FMWH and the SMOWTs with Bank rcquirements for standard bidding documents, which the FMWH has now adapted fcr its own use. 9. Rationale for Bank Involvement. The project would be part of an ongoing effort to upgrade Nigeria's road system, to make more effective use of existing infrastructure, and to identify cost recovery mechanisms for roads. As works and transportation normally account for a significant percentage of public expenditure at the state and local levels, an IDA financed state roads project could be an effective vehicle for institutional and fiscal reform. The Bank has been a catalyst in Nigeria at the federal level in achieving more economic road investment programs, stressing rehabilitation and maintenance over new investment, and emphasizing institutional development and cost recovery. The Bank is now in a strong position to extend these benefits to the state level. The Bank has also intensified its dialogue with Government on the need to shift road maintenance activities from force account operations to greater use of contractors. The project provides a good vehicle to strengthen the SMOWTs in contract supervision, while encouraging greater involvement of the private road contracting industry. 10. Ageed Actins. Each participating state has confirmed that steps have been taken to have their local counterpart funds deducted from the Federation Acc'runt and deposited into a Project Account. These amounts are expected to be less than 4% of each state's monthly allocation from the Federation Account. During negations, agreement was reached with the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the States of Jigawa and Kano on the following matters: (i) all civil works will be executed by contract; (ii) the list of priority roads to be included in the Project; (iii) the details for carrying out a manpower development program; (iv) confirmation of the project cost estimates; (v) no expenditures on roads outside the project will be undertaken by the states in excess of US$5 million in either state without consultation with the Bank; (vi) consultants acceptable to the Bank will be appointed by the FMWH and the individual states; (vii) a mid-term project review will be carried out not later than December 1995 to evaluate and assess overall progress made in project implementation; (viii) annual reviews will be held in the last quarter of each implementation year to review the work program and budgetary allocations for the following year; (ox) steps to be taken to mitigate may adverse environmental impacts of the proposed project; (x) proposals for conducting and implementing roads specific ElAs; (xi) adequate annual budgetary allocation -4 - for recurrent maintenance of state roads; (xii) reporting requirements and key indicators for monitoring progress; (xiii) timely submission of audited financial reports; and (xiv) contitded recovery from road users of the costs of state road recurrent maintenance. Confirmation has been obtained that: (a) the mechanism for transfer of local counterpart funds from the Federation Account to the project account of each state is in place; and (b) the participating states have prepared a plan of action to implement a system to recover from road users at least recurrent maintenance costs. The following actions would be taken prior to credit effectiveness: (1) forwarding training plans to the Bank for its review and agreement; (2) signing of a subsidiary loan agreement between the FGN and at least one of the participating states; (3) the commitment by at least one state to incorporate in its 1993 budget proposals an increase in road user charges required to recover the costs of recurrent maintenance; (4) appointment of consultants by the participating states, on terms and conditions agreeable to the Bank; (5) opening by each participating state of a Project Account with an initial deposit of at least N2 million in a commercial bank; and (6) the employment of an environmental specialist to assist FMWH in the establishment of an Environmental Assessment and Monitoring Unit. Conditions of disbursement in any one of the project states would be: (a) signing of a subsidiary loan agreement between the state and FGN, for the state which had not signed such an agreement by the time of credit effectiveness; (b) commitment to incorporate in its 1993 budget proposals an increase in road user charges required to recover the costs of recurrent maintenance for the state which had not implemented such a plan by the time of credit effectiveness; and (c) evidence of allocation of the agreed level of financing of maintenance operations in the 1993 state budget, i.e. at least N8.0 million for Jigawa and W9.5 million for Kano state. 11. Environmental Aspects. An environmental assessment has been completed for the proposed MSRP. It found that road construction projects often have adverse impacts on local environments. These impacts may include erosion due to improper design of embanknments or side drains; scouring of the landscape due to the opening of borrow pits; and destruction of vegetation due to the clearing of right of ways. In the case of road rehabilitation and reconstruction works, the environmental impact tends to be more local and limited, and result more from reconstruction activities or improper design. 12. The final responsibility tor the implementation of road specific Environmental Impact Assessments (ElAs) lies with each participating state. As neither the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) nor the SMOWTs have sufficient in-house capabilities at present to conduct ElAs, the assessments will be done by consultants working under terms of reference provided by FMWH and agreed with FEPA and the Bank. The mitigation plans are to be agreed with the Bank. The consultants would be hired by each participating state under the framework of the project. 13. Program Objective Categories. The main thrust of the project is in removing critical bottlenecks in the basic state roads infrastructure thereby reducing transport costs and improving the links between federal and rural roads networks. The relationship with the country's anti-poverty strategy is indirect, in that savings in costs will eventually be passed on to the rural farmers in the form of higher prices for agricultural produce. The project will also directly contribute to private sector development through use of domestic contractors for maintenance and rehabilitation works. 14. Project Benefits. The main benefit from the project would be a more efficient and cost effective state roads network that would permit a higher level of economic activity. Quantifiable benefits consist of savings in vehicle operating costs for normal traffic, plus diverted or generated traffic where applicable, which will result from improved conditions of the state road network. On this basis. the overall ERR of the project is estimated as 37%. Improvement and construction works will be subjected to detailed design and further economic analysis before implemertation. No road project will be financed unless the ERR is 12% or higher. The benefits of the institutional development components, including establishment of road maintenance extension services, are potentially high though unquantifiable. iS. Ri;ks There are three major risks associated with the project. The first concerns the ability of new and untried state executing agencies to effectively manage both a large increase in maintenance operations and the switch to contract works. The second risk concerns state level capacity to maintain an acceptable contracting process. The third risk involves the provision of counterpart funds which have historically been a major problem in project implementation in all sectors. The first two risks will be addressed through the consultants and Bank supervision. The third risk will be addressed by having counterpart funds deducted at the source, and the commitment of the participating states to do so will be a condition of negotiations. A condition of disbursement is that each of the participating states will have opened a Project Account with an initial deposit of at least 2 million naira. 16. Recommendation. I am satisfied that the proposed credit would comply with the Articles of Agreement of the Association and recommend that the Executive Directors approve it. Lewis T. Preston President Attachments Washington D.C. May 20, 1992 .6- Scheule A FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA FIRST MULTISTATE ROADS PROJECT' ESTIMATED COSTS AND FINANCING PLAN Estimated Project Cost Local / Foreign ] Tota - -US$Millions-- Civil Works 16.4 49.1 65.5 Technical Assistance & Training 2.1 6.4 8.5 Equipment and Vehicles 02 0 6 Base Cost (April 1992) 18.7 56.1 74.8 Physical Contingencies 1.9 5.6 7.5 Price Contingencies S2 6 9 Total 68 . g/ Includes US$,.6 million in taxes and duties. Financing Plan Foreign Total -------US$Millions s- IDA 3.0 65.0 68.0 State Governments ligawa 9.0 1.5 10.5 Kano 11.1 1.5 12.6 FMWH 0.7 0. 0.7 Total 2 3M8 Note: Amounts rounded. -7- Schedule B Page 1 of 2 FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA FIRST M'JLTISTATE ROADS PRJE(gT PRQCUREMEN¶ ARRANGEMENTS AND DISBURSEMENTS Summarg of Proposed Procurement Arrangements A. Procumment (US$Million) Procurement Method Project Element ICB LCB Tthr Total Cosl 1. Civil Works 68.0 11.6 1.0 80.6 (53.0) (4.0) (0.0) (57.0) 2. Goods Equipment A/ & Vehicles 0.9 0.9 (0.7) (0.7) 3. Consultancies Technical Assistance and Training hl 10.3 10.3 (10.3) (10.3) Total , 68. 11.6 122 9.82 (53.0) (4.0) (I 1.0) (68.0) IDA share in parenthesis AI Proprietary items, consumables and office equipment. h/ Services would be procured in accordance with World Bank Guidelines: Use of Consultants by World Bank Borrowers and by the World Bank as Executive Agency (Washington, D.C. 1981). 8- Page 2 of 2 B. Disbursement by Category IDA Percentage AMOUNT of Expenditures Category (USSmillion) to be financed (a) Civil Works 49.10 75% (b) Equipment & Vehicles 0.60 100% of foreign expenditures and 75% of local expenditures (c) Technical Assistance States 4.15 100% FMWH 1.70 100% (d) Training 0.50 100% (e) Unallocated 11 95 Total C. Estimated IDA Disbursement Schedule (US$Million) Fiscal Year 1994 1995 122 1997 1998 Annual 6.5 14.3 15.3 16.4 12.6 2.9 Cumulative 6.5 20.8 36.1 52.5 65.1 68.0 -9- Schedule C FEDERAL REPUBL!C-QF EIGEA FIRST MULTISTATE ROADS PROJECT Timetable of Key Pro3ect Processing Events (a) Time taken to prepare: Nine months (b) Prepared by: FMWH and AF41N \j (c) Preappraisal: July 1991 (d) Appraisal mission departure: November 1991 (e) Negotiations: April 1992 (f) Planned date of effectiveness: October 1992 (g) List of Relevant PCRs and PPARs: Northern Road (Cr. 73-UNI) Apapa Road (Ln. 426-UNI) Western Road (Ln. 427-UNI) Road Rehabilitation (Ln. 640-UNI) Transport Rehabilitation (Ln. 694-UNI) Fifth Highway (Ln. 883-UNI) Sixth Highway (Ln. 1883-UNI) \_4 Cesar Queiroz (Sr. Highway Engineer) Task Manager, Anil Bhandari (Economist), Eleanor Warner (Financial Analyst), Infrastructure Division, West Africa Department. -10- Qchedule D Page I of 2 THE STATUS OF BANK G-ROUP OPERATIONS IN NIGERIA A. STATEMENT OP BANK LOANS AND M}A CREDITS (As of March 31, 1992) ; *ount in us$ million Numbe. Year Borrtower Purpose l-ank .A' Undjsbursed Forty-nin loams and two credits fully disbursed 2627.9 39.9 Of which. SALs and Program Loans a> 301 1-UNI 89 Nigeria Trade & Invaetment Poicy (500.0) 2299-UN1 83 NIDB Industrial Devt (NIDB IV) 120.0 1.4 2376-UNI 84 NBCI SmaI/Medium ScaleIudustry 1 41.0 17.5 2390-UNt 84 NNPC Gas Technical Assistance 13.1 9.6 2436-UNI 84 Nigeria Intgrated Agri Devt (Kaduna) 122.0 48.3 2480-UN 85 Nigeria Technicd AssItnc 13.0 8.4 2503-UNI 85 Nigeria Sokoto Health 34.0 20.5 2528-UNI 85 Nigcria Borno State Water Supply 72.0 32.0 2607-UNI 86 Nigeria Urban Development I (Imo) 53.0 25.3 2618-UN1 86 Nigeria industry Tech Asistc 5.0 2.6 2620-UNI 86 Nigeria Lagos Solid Waste & Storm. 72.0 12.0 2733-UNI 86 Nigeria Multi-Stat Agric Devt 1 162.0 62.2 2734-UNI 86 Nigeria Transport Parastatals 20.9 12.7 2737-UNI 87 Nigeria Livestock Development 11 81.0 44.5 2741-UNI 87 Nigeria South Domo Agric Devt 25.0 13.3 * 2758-UNI 87 Nigeria Trade Policy & Export Dcvt 452.0 0.5 2760-UNI 87 Nigeria Forestry 11 71.0 37.1 2925-UNI 88 Nigeria Infrastructure Devt Fund 69.5 59.9 2926-UNI 88 Nigeaia Technical Education 23.3 2.9 2963-UNI 88 Nigeria Highway Sctor 250.0 208.3 2985-UNI 89 Nigera Lagos State Water Supply 173.2 167.2 2988-UNI 89 Nigeria Muli-State Agric Devt II 85.2 61.9 2995-UNM 89 Nigeria Privat Stall & Med Enter. Dev 270.0 243.6 3034-UNM 89 Nigeria Imo Health & Population 27.6 26.1 2035-UNI (CR) 89 Nigeda Third Multt-State Agric Devt 0.0 100.9 72.6 3104-UNI 89 Nigeria Rfined s Rebilaton 27.7 24.7 3116-UNI 89 NEPA Power System Maintenance 70.0 58.5 3125-UNI 90 Nigeria Essenta Drugs 68.1 62.0 3126-UN 90 Nigeia Tree Crops 106.0 104.5 3183-UN! 90 Nigeria National Seed and Quarantine 14.0 13.6 2139-UNI (CR) 90 Nigeria Federal Universities Devt 0.0 120.0 120.9 3236-UNM 90 NITEL Telecommunicaions 225.0 214.1 3238-UN! 90 Nigeria Oyo State Urban 50.0 50.0 2191-UN! (CR) 91 Nigera Primary Education 0.0 120.0 123.7 2238-UNI (CR) 91 Nigeia Natonal Population 0.0 78.5 74.0 2261-UNI (CR) 91 Nigeria National Agricultural Research b> 0.0 78.0 79.9 3317-UN! 91 NNPC Oso Condensate 218.0 66.4 3322-UNI 91 Nigeria Water Rehab b> 256.0 256.0 3326-UNI 91 Nigeria Health System Fund 70.0 70.0 3451-UN! 92 Nigeia National Fadam Dev b> 67.5 67.5 TOTAL 6056.0 537.3 2576.5 of which ha ben repaid 1251.1 13.0 Total now held by Bank & IDA 4804.9 524.3 Amount sdd 16.8 of which has been repaid 16.8 Totl undisbursed 2105.4 471.1 2576.5 a> Approved during or aftr FY80 b> Not yet efctive. * SAL, SECAL or Program Loan. -11- Schedule D Pgo 2 of 2 I. STTE-RENT OF IFC INVESTMENTS (As of March 31, 1992) (Amount In US$ ilin 70 UNI 1964 Areta Textiles Ltd. Textle Mfg. 6.9 0.7 7.6 121 UNI 1967 1970 2140 UNI 1992 482 UNI 1980 Nigeria Textlo Mils Textiles 22.8 0.7 23.5 962 UNI 1987 Ltd. 540 UN! 1981 Ikeja Hotel Tourlsm 12.0 1.5 13.S 720 UN 1985 990 UNI 1988 724 UNI 1985 TIgr Batxty Dry-ceall Battes 7.3 7.3 1222 UN! 1990 1000 Um 1988 Dunlop Nigia Motor Vehiclw and 12.5 12.5 Accesories 122S UN! 1990 Afcott Nigeria Vegetable Oil 4.5 4.5 2137 UN! 1991 NAMBL Money/Capital Markets 10.0 10.0 2109 UNI 1991 Mobil Nigeria Petroleum 170.0 170.0 2430 UNI 1991 VICODA Manufacturing 0.1 0.1 2582 UN! 1991 Stark ndusties Manufaturing 0.3 0.3 2136 UNI 1991 Agro-Tech Svcs Food Procesg 1.0 1.0 2583 UNI 1992 Vinet Sted Manufcturig 0.8 0.8 Total gross conmitments 2 2.9 2L1 Lees canceons, termnatios, exchange adjustments, repayment and saeds 13S.6 0.9 136.5 Total commitmet now held by IFC 112.6 2.0 114.6 Tota undisbursed 53.8 0.1 53.9 CHD BUR.KINA I w ~~~~~~~~~~f()RN() BENIN (Kf WUtlNA ' t1 47 r5 l 2Sk \ ) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Benue R S 0.S FIRST MULTISTATE ROADS PROJECT ,?W)[:1rAf''g1r _'- ceNi4 1ect States (X,0N}C\]r! X g>4 Rf3M- s>*0 ,, ;",, A IUD 2353 5*00* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1000 1I' KATSINA N I G E R / YOBE h~ Zi*~- _ / M v NIGERIA FIRST MULTISTATE - ~wI ROADS PROJECT b/ JIGAWA STATE / c_ FROJECT ROAD UlNKS -PRMARVY ROAD$ - SECON ROADS To X- M. -RAILOAD -0R- DAMS/RSEROmtS WE-LANDS T. X. * STATE CAPITAL Mlid, SrATE BOUNDAR .. 2 W _._ NTERNAJONAIBOUNDARES KE ThK-e = BA UCHI l SOKM00 /Y130 { /> I i ( 5S>< M-m - ADMA) sex- -A \ / -&- 6 ftJ Z dc D wo L _rSO DO\ J MM/f } O X0 2@ 30 4OMIIIRS G~~~~RO ip B~~~~~~~AUCHI , 4' ~~~~~~~~~~AMK io ' io ' 4 4 XOKIIEEP UCHI . . . -, ' i * 30 9~9 10T0' 10U30 APlt IM , J I ., J I G A W A .1,},n'. X T. H <]~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~T /ATKINA D U N A Z,) <>> B~~~~~~~~~~~~~ A U C H I O l0 20 3.0 AMm S . ' . l' . '-d A. W. * .../ TbZfatd*ll&,ot I NIGERIA NIGER ,a^D .+ -AIoin t) FIRST MULTISTATE ROADS PROJECT ,< <4; gt 4; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~RIVERS K STATE C STATEI ( "os -_ STEONDARI ROES CAMffgM ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~INTERNATIONAL ROUNDARIES