The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) Concept Environmental and Social Review Summary Concept Stage (ESRS Concept Stage) Public Disclosure Date Prepared/Updated: 07/09/2019 | Report No: ESRSC00612 Jul 10, 2019 Page 1 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country Region Project ID Parent Project ID (if any) Madagascar AFRICA P171056 Project Name Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar Practice Area (Lead) Financing Instrument Estimated Appraisal Date Estimated Board Date Social, Urban, Rural and Investment Project 1/15/2020 3/26/2020 Resilience Global Practice Financing Borrower(s) Implementing Agency(ies) Ministry of the Economy Ministry of Interior and and Finances Decentralization Proposed Development Objective(s) The proposed project aims to improve basic infrastructure and livelihood opportunities in rural areas in the south of Public Disclosure Madagascar though a community-led approach for local development. The project will have a primary focus on youth and women inclusion for improved economic opportunities, with a longer-term vision of supporting local government in fostering meaningful and sustained citizen engagement in the south. Financing (in USD Million) Amount Total Project Cost 60.00 B. Is the project being prepared in a Situation of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, as per Bank IPF Policy, para. 12? No C. Summary Description of Proposed Project [including overview of Country, Sectoral & Institutional Contexts and Relationship to CPF] The proposed project is structured around four components: Component 1: Community Engagement and local development support. ($10m) Sub-Component 1A: Strengthening Local Capacity for Community-based Planning and Delivery of Services Effective community mobilization will be key to the success of this project and will aim to build the capacity of communities to take ownership of their own local development. The various consultations conducted in the South, highlighted that while community mobilization is clearly a defining feature of many of the activities, its effectiveness is Jul 10, 2019 Page 2 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) limited by the short project timeframes, which limit resources and time for meaningful community engagement. This sub-component will provide to both targeted communities and local governments a tailored set of complementary capacity building activities covering (i) participatory planning of community and local development priorities; (ii) community implementation and monitoring of project activities; (iii) community governance, accountability systems, and mechanisms for conflict resolution, (iv) the roles and responsibilities of local government to facilitate community- led approaches and (v) community skilling needed for the infrastructure and livelihoods components. This component will also include targeted activities to mobilize and include youth and women and ensure their active participation in all stages of subprojects cycles. Such activities could include counseling services to women survivors of GBV, support services to at-risk youth who might be engaged in dahalo activities; community dialogues around gender expectations and roles; engaging with religious and/or traditional leaders to critically reflect and transform gender norms sustaining gender inequitable beliefs and practices, GBV and child marriage; building the capacity of influential/ trusted women in each community who work to promote women's concerns, as first responders, train them in psychological first aid and how to support and link survivors to existing GBV services ); and Build capacity in women and youth groups around civic engagement, advocacy, community governance systems including financial literacy and budgeting, and project design, implementation and monitoring. Sub-Component 1B: Enhancing Early Warning and Response Systems This sub-component will finance technical assistance, capacity-building and learning activities to implement a community-based Early Warning and Response System (EWRS) focusing on the prevention and resolution of local conflicts on the community level. The South has a long history of different local mechanisms to mitigate and prevent conflicts such as the Dinabe, however the application and robustness of these mechanisms differ from one commune Public Disclosure to another. Therefore, through/during the engagement and mobilization in the previous sub-component, the project will start by assessing existing response mechanisms and develop an EWRS to: (i) ensure real-time monitoring, geo- localization and analysis of specific indicators to monitor potential risk on a diverse range of local conflicts; and (ii) support response mechanisms that are adapted to identified risks. This sub-component will target communities and local governments and include capacity enhancement activities for (i) strengthening local systems and capacities for conflict resolution; (ii) supporting the inclusion of conflict prevention issues into the local planning process; (iii) improving targeting of at-risk youth; and (iv) supporting social cohesion activities to foster communities’ resilience, for example through the organization of events revitalizing collective memory and identity. Component 2: Community Resiliency Grants. ($25m) This component provides grants (‘Community Resiliency Grants’) to improve community access to basic services and infrastructure in a manner that support communities’ resilience to climate shocks and drought. Investments will be identified, prioritized, implemented, and monitored by beneficiary communities that have benefited from activities under component 1, with support from local government and facilitating partners contracted by the project. Potential investments (subprojects) include the construction, upgrading, rehabilitation, and/or expansion of water supplies, school buildings, health centers, or off grid electrification; and economic infrastructure such as rural roads, market structures, and storage facilities. All these investments will be planned, designed, and implemented in a manner that support communities’ resilience to climate shocks and drought and follow World Bank’s guidance on climate adaptation and mitigation cobenefits. These investments will be identified through the community prioritization process and will employ local labor during construction, especially for women and youth. Component 3: Supporting Livelihood Opportunities. ($20m) Sub-Component 3A: Developing Value Chains Jul 10, 2019 Page 3 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) Activities under this component will support increased pro-poor livelihood opportunities in rural communities, by identifying opportunities to increase market linkages and move up rural value chains, coupled with technical and financial support. Activities will aim to increase the production and productivity of crops, livestock and fisheries for improved incomes. An in-depth gendered sensitive market and value chain analysis will be undertaken during preparation to inform the development of this sub-component, including ensuring the opportunities developed have mitigation plans for communities during climate shocks and severe drought. The analysis will take into account, (i) the geological variation in the South, (ii) persisting drought, (iii) identification and gender analysis of the traditional and non-traditional livelihood opportunities, and (iv) impacts of insecurity (including cattle robbing and gem trafficking) on the livelihood options. The analysis will inform the community level identification of priority investments in infrastructure that may contribute to local economic development under component 2. The analysis will also carry out an assessment of associated community-based organizations to inform the sub-component below. Where possible and relevant, the analysis should also include the differential roles and responsibilities of adolescent girls and boys. Subcomponent 3B: Support for Community-Based Organizations for Livelihoods This subcomponent aims to improve the capabilities of producers (farmer, fisherman, pastoral, or agropastoral organizations, including Community-Based Organizations (CBOs)) to improve community-based livelihood opportunities with a specific focus on women-led CBOs. Such community-based organizations are very common in the South and many of the livelihood programs of other donors work with them. Their activities vary and include savings, financial literacy, and bookkeeping. Thus far, it is unclear the parameters of success and sustainability of such CBOs, and the technical analysis under sub-component 3A will have a specific focus to assess current CBOs, their capacities, Public Disclosure key areas that need strengthening, and support needed when they are faced by climate shocks and drought to ensure their sustainability. In areas of high insecurity by the dahalos, these CBOs will be provided with additional training and support to mediate conflicts, and connect with the different mechanisms of the EWRS under sub-component 1B. Component 4: Implementation Support and Knowledge Learning. ($5m) This component will support project management, including monitoring and evaluation, reporting, and administration and logistical support for project implementation including knowledge learning and sharing. Given the novelty of this integrated and phased approach, this component will also support activities for knowledge learning for government staff, communes, and civil society representatives to learn from community-based approaches implemented regionally and globally. Activities will include south-south exchanges, annual multi-stakeholders reviews especially to share experiences and provide guidance for improved decentralization and citizen engagement. This component will also support the establishment of a knowledge platform for adaptive learning to capture lessons learned and incorporate them through the different phases of the project. D. Environmental and Social Overview D.1. Project location(s) and salient characteristics relevant to the ES assessment [geographic, environmental, social] The project will be implemented in the three regions of the south of Madagascar which are Anosy, Androy and Atsimo Andrefana. Anosy region is composed by 3 districts (South Amboasary, Betroka and Taolagnaro) with a total of 58 Jul 10, 2019 Page 4 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) communes; Androy region is composed of 4 districts (Ambovombe-Androy, Bekily, Beloha-Androy and Tsihombe) with a total of 51 communes; Atsimo andrefana is composed of 9 districts (Toliara I and II, South Betioky, Benenitra, West Ampanihy, Beroroha, Morombe, South Ankazoabo and Sakaraha) with a total of 121 communes. The south is classified as semi-arid where the availability of water, which is already problematic, is exacerbated and influenced by climate change effects and the recent negative impacts of El Niño events potentially provide a lens for the future. Currently, the average rain is relatively low at 350mm due to the rain-shadow effect in the south-east of the country attached to the Anosyenne Mountains. In addition, an upwelling located offshore and to the south of Madagascar also induces cold currents limiting the development of clouds along the southern coast. The deforestation rate in the Region is around 2.8% compared to 1.5% at the national level. Droughts in the south are classified as chronic and famines in the area have been recorded since the end of the 19th century. Now climate change poses potential risks and has already increased average temperatures in the region combined with erratic rainfalls patterns, which have compounded the effects of droughts, cyclones and the influence of plagues of locusts. The inhabitants in the South of Madagascar are principally rural communities dominated by a relatively young population. Poverty, measured by the number of people living on less than US$1.90 per day (PPP dollar, 2011) shows almost the entire South (over 90%) to be very poor. Vulnerability to poverty is greater in rural areas. The peoples, traditions and lands in the Deep South revolve principally around transhumance, semi-nomadic cultures and sedentary agricultural patterns. Cultural identities are strong and power structures are aligned with communities, clans, lineages and specific families. In the Atsimo-Andrefana region, children under 25 account almost 40% of the population. In the regions of Androy Public Disclosure and Anosy, there is a significant presence of young people in the labor market. Illiteracy is very high in the South among children and adults alike, reaching as high as 65 percent and 60 percent in Androy and Anosy respectively. Child marriage is extremely prevalent as well, and above the already high national average of 41.2 percent: 64.6 percent of women were married before the age of 18, and 12 percent were married before the age of 15 years old. The early pregnancy rate is high as well: 56.7 percentage of women aged 20-24 had a live birth before the age of 18. The lack of a road network and other infrastructure in the South contributes to its continuing isolation. The poor infrastructure is due in part to the lack of a sustained development approach. Access to water is paramount to the survival of the people of the Deep South. With the region’s reliance on rain fed agriculture, malnutrition and famine are likely to grow worse during longer and more frequent periods of drought. Other dangers for the south include rising populations, the limited ability of sedentary farmers to move and adapt and increasing incidence of locusts and other pests. The South is also affected by bush fires and deforestation. Fires often occur prior to wet (planting and grazing) seasons to clear existing fields before planting and to improve grazing, while deforestation is principally associated with clearing land for new sedentary crop farming areas. Both fires and deforestation are increasing due to population pressures. Insecurity in the South has increased significantly in recent years with gangs of dahalo (cattle robbers), composed mainly of young men, clashing with local communities and police. D. 2. Borrower’s Institutional Capacity The project will be implemented nationally by the FDL (Fonds de Développement Local) based within the Ministry of Interior with support from either local government or local government and facilitating partners, this will be determined during the appraisal. Facilitating partners are expected to be NGOs/CSOs to be contracted by the project to support implementation of the grants. FDL will be responsible for coordinating project implementation by working closely with local governments (regions, districts) and other project stakeholders. FDL has no prior experience with the ESF, but has implemented part of World Bank supported Public Sector Performance Project by managing small Jul 10, 2019 Page 5 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) grants to communities through its grants manual. FDL has currently an operational GRM which is in line with World Bank safeguard standards. The social infrastructure financed by FDL under the Bank's ongoing operation was mainly the rehabilitation of existing infrastructure and was prepared with project Safeguard instruments such as Environmental and Social Management Frameworks (ESMFs) and Resettlement Policy Frameworks (RPFs). The FDL has developed specific environmental and social selection forms to develop environmental and social mitigation measures for all identified sub-projects, in compliance with national environmental legislation and the Bank's environmental and social safeguards requirements in the ESMF. FDL has also in-house safeguard specialist but with limited capacity on managing environmental and social risks and applying WBG safeguard policies for infrastructure projects. Under the ongoing governance project (P150116), all environmental and social safeguard aspects have been implemented and monitored by FDL. The relevant staff and consultants working within the future project will be trained on the new ESF and other required E&S risk management tools prior to implementation and throughout the project implementation. II. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL (ES) RISKS AND IMPACTS A. Environmental and Social Risk Classification (ESRC) Substantial Environmental Risk Rating Moderate The environmental risk classification for the Project is moderate under the World Bank ESF. Based on the project Public Disclosure activities, mainly Infrastructure grants under component 2 and Livelihood opportunities and support for community- based organizations under component 3, the potential environmental and social risks and impacts are expected to be site specifics, local, reversible and mainly temporary and can be mitigated through appropriate management measures. These activities may result in both direct and indirect environmental and social impacts and risks such as: generation of noise, dusts and vibration; erosion on the quarry sites of rocks and earth, traffic disturbance and accident traffic risks and community and workers health and safety risks including risks to increase HIV/AIDS transmission; risks related to the influx of workers and local recruitment during civil works. The activities under component 3: Livelihood opportunities and support for community-based organizations, could lead to the use of pesticides and fertilizers to boost agriculture productivity with potential adverse impacts related to contamination and pollution of water and soil, impact health and human toxicity risks with use, storage/disposal and application of agrochemicals, etc. The potential impacts related to the proposed activities (mostly small-scale sub-projects) financed under the project are not anticipated to be significant and are managed through the application of standard mitigation measures. Social Risk Rating Substantial In line with the World Bank ESF guidelines the social risk rating (SRR) for this project has been classified as Substantial. It is expected that these project activities will have essentially positive social impacts by financing rural infrastructure investments identified and prioritized by the communities. No irreversible social risks related to community health and safety or cultural heritage will be expected. There is a potential risk of land acquisition and temporary displacement or restrictions to access in relation to infrastructures and livelihood opportunities activities. These risks are predictable and expected to be temporary and/or reversible, however, based on the initial GBV risk screening the GBV risk has been classified as Substantial. Given the high levels of GBV prevalence in the country and in the South in Jul 10, 2019 Page 6 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) particular, the project needs to consider that it can exacerbate its occurrence, as it will be intervening in the communities, bringing resources, funds, as well enabling some members to participate in decision-making processes about investments and benefits that can exclude others. These interactions can alter existing gender and power dynamics and financial relationships. These activities may also have impacts on community health and safety such as road safety and transmission of STDs. The project should also consider security risks associated with the Zebus thieves prevalent in the south, a specific project component has been designed for community-based Early Warning and Response System (EWRS) to manage such risks. It must also be noted that the Project Management Unit (PMU) has limited capacity and experience in managing environmental and social risks. The capacity will be further assessed during the due diligence mission and appropriate capacity enhancement measures included in project design. Based on these identified risks, the overall SRR will be classified as substantial. B. Environment and Social Standards (ESSs) that Apply to the Activities Being Considered B.1. General Assessment ESS1 Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts Overview of the relevance of the Standard for the Project: From the preliminary review of the project concept note, secondary data available in WBG archives and through first- hand discussions with the Borrower at concept stage, the project is not expected to involve any activities that could generate significant and irreversible environmental and social impacts. The potential adverse risks and impacts on human populations and/or the environment are not likely to be significant, and will be site specific, local, reversible and mainly temporary. These activities may result in both direct and indirect environmental and social impacts and Public Disclosure risks: generation of noise, dusts and vibration; erosion on the quarry sites of rocks and earth, traffic disturbance and accident traffic risks and community and workers health and safety risks including risks to increase HIV/AIDS transmission; risks related to the influx of workers and local recruitment during civil works. Indeed no irreversible social risks or impacts related to community health & safety or cultural heritage have been identified for the project. No physical displacement was expected for the project, however there is potential for temporary displacement due to infrastructure activities, a case of land acquisition due to the activities of the component 2. Activities under component 3 could lead to the extensive use of pesticides and fertilizers to boost agriculture productivity. The irresponsible use of pesticides and fertilizers, storage/disposal and application of agrochemicals, could generate contamination and pollution of water and soil and have potential health impacts. Given the high levels of GBV prevalence in the country and in the South in particular, the project needs to consider that it can exacerbate its occurrence, as it will be intervening in the communities, bringing resources, funds, as well enabling some members to participate in decision-makings processes about investments and benefits that can exclude others. These interactions can alter existing gender and power dynamics and financial relationships. One in three women and girls aged 15-49 years old in Madagascar experience gender-based violence, including physical, psychological, sexual violence perpetrated by husbands, family members, neighbors or strangers. 40% of women and girls in Anosy, 31% in Androy and 25% in Atsino Andrefana experienced at least one type of violence during the 12 months prior to the survey . Anosy is one of the two regions in the country with highest rates of violence against women and girls, particularly concerning sexual violence (16% compared to the national average of 7%). The following risks to increase GBV have been identified: 1) Sexual harassment, resulting from potential recruitment of men for civil works required to rehabilitate or contruct basic infrastructure that will work alongside women; 2) Sexual exploitation and abuse or sexual violence, as workers interact with extremely vulnerable women and children from Jul 10, 2019 Page 7 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) the communities. (component 2. Infrastructure grants); 3) Intimate partner violence due to women’s participation in decision-making and economic development opportunities that might challenge traditional gender norms about women’s expected role in society. Moreover, the extremely high prevalence of child marriage in the Southcan potentially lead to serious negative health outcomes (including sexually transmitted infections, HIV/AIDS ) and also puts girls at a higher risk of sexual, physical and psychological violence throughout their lives . The lack of community and institutional support networks, and dearth of compassionate and survivor centered GBV response services to address the health, psychosocial and legal advice needs of survivors heightens their risk not only to experience violence again but leaving them even more vulnerable to deal with the harm and consequences of violence on their own and compromising their health and economic participation as well as affect their families. Another contextual factor of risk is the significant increase in insecurity in the South in recent years with gangs of dahalo (cattle robbers), composed mainly of young men, clashing with local communities and police forces. The Dahalo specifically terrorize communities, especially women and children. The project will prepare an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF). The ESMF will provide the overarching environmental and social management guidelines, this will include the identification of potential impacts, proposed mitigation measures as well as the development of environmental and social screening tools and protocol to be adopted by the Borrower and applied to each sub-project and subsequent preparation of appropriate sub- project Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) instruments, such as Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs), if applicable. This will also include a Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) to ensure safe pest Public Disclosure management procedures are applied to the selected projects. All sub-projects will be assessed for their potential environmental and social risks and impacts using an E&S screening tool to be developed as part of the ESMF and subsequent ESAs proportionate to the risk and nature of the sub- project will be required. It is not expected that any of the sub-projects will be classified as having high environmental and social risks. The exisiting PMU has established an operational grievance mechanism (GM) for goverance projects-- that may be used for the project to collect, manage and respond to project related grievances, promote the participation of vulnerable groups and manage potential gender related risks during the identification or implementation of the activities, the referred GM will be assessed during the appraisal and any gaps identified will need to be addressed. A Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) will be developed during early preparation of the project that will promote participation of vulnerable groups and consider sensitivities of GBV/SEA issues. The SEP will more specifically also include a social inclusion and citizen engagement strategy to mitigate risks of exclusion of any groups and to overcome potential cultural and situational barriers. In line with ESF requirments, the Borrower will develop by appraisal (i) the first Environmental and Social commitment plan (ESCP) which could be adjusted during the project life keeping with the evolution of environmental and social risk and impact; (ii) a draft stakeholder engagement plan (SEP); (iii) a draft Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) including an Integrated Pesticides Management Plan (IPMP); (iv) a draft Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF); (v) draft Labor Management Procedures (LMP); (vi) a draft GBV/SEA action plan, and (vi) review the FDL PMU existing grievance mechanism (GM) against ESF requirements. Jul 10, 2019 Page 8 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) Areas where “Use of Borrower Framework” is being considered: The project does not propose to apply the Borrower’s E&S Framework in whole or in part. ESS10 Stakeholder Engagement and Information Disclosure Stakeholder engagement is a critical tool for the project success and for considering and managing difficult cultural practices and complexities that are typically non-participatory during the implementation of the project mainly during the identification of the sub-projects. The CDD approach for this project will require the involvement of various national and local stakeholders such as, the Ministry of Interior and Decentralization, Ministry of Economy and Finances, local authorities such as the mayor, council, traditional leaders, community (including women, youth, and other vulnerable groups that may be identified in the stakeholder mapping exercise in the SEP). Engaging women in decision-making processes related to the project such as substantial aspects related to the investment priorities, services to be supported, security and GBV risks among other issues affecting them, will need to ensure that they can participate in a safe environment and create the conditions for women to voice their concerns freely, ackowledging that power dynamics in communities often discourage women from having a significant role in decision-making bodies. The government has developed in 2014 legal framework to ensure more involvment of local communities and participatory approach for local development (the two new pieces of legislation on decentralization are the Organic Law No. 2014-018, which outlines the decentralization and devolution of governmental structures, and Organic Law No. 2014-020), which guides local coordination structure (SLC). However, the operationalization of this structure needs more support and as such, the project should be an opportunity to develop this structure. Therefore the ESCP will need to provide more clarity on the process to be followed to implement this two laws. The CDD Public Disclosure approach should also consider the engagement of relevant and well reputed NGOs. Draft SEP will be prepared and disclosed as early as possible and prior to Appraisal. SEP will need to fully take into account gender and GBV/SEA issues and should include the local conflict triggers. The client will seek stakeholders feedback and opportunities for proposed future engagement, ensuring that all consultations are inclusive and accessible (both in format and location) and through channels that are suitable in the local context, especially in the South of Madagascar. If major changes are made to the SEP, a revised SEP should be publicly disclosed. The borrower will engage in meaningful consultations with all stakeholders throughout the project life cycle paying particular attention to the inclusion of vulnerable / disadvantaged (youth or women) groups, and to the gender and GBV/SEA issues. B.2. Specific Risks and Impacts A brief description of the potential environmental and social risks and impacts relevant to the Project. ESS2 Labor and Working Conditions Project workers for this project will include direct workers (PMU's own staff and local consultants), contract workers (facilitating partners) and likely also community workers. For project direct workers who are in the public sector (FDL employees and civil servants), they will remain subject to the terms and conditions of their existing sector employment. Additional staff, such as local consultants, will be hired by FDL to support the Project, they will also be subject to normal terms and conditions of FDL employees unless their employment is by the Project in which case they will be subject to the full requirements of ESS2. Relevant requirements of ESS2 for contract workers will apply to employees of facilitating partners. As this is a Community Driven Development project community workers’ may be used during the implementation, in such instances ESS2 will apply. Jul 10, 2019 Page 9 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) The Republic of Madagascar has a clear legal framework governing the right of workers (the law 2003-044 of July 28, 2004 which established the Labor Code). This code preserves the worker's essential interests (trade union rights, employment contract, health and safety, intimidation, sexual harassment). Various laws and regulations (decrees, orders, decisions) supplement the Labor Code, mainly the Law n ° 66-003 of July 2nd, 1966 on the General Theory of Obligations (in particular, the contracts of employment of consultants not subject to Labor Code are governed mainly by this Law on TGO and the provisions relating to the obligations of the French Civil Code of 1960 applicable to Madagascar). In addition, Madagascar has ratified a number (43) of international conventions which a major part are indicated to be in force, . The Republic of Madagascar has limited regulation regarding community workers. It is, however, noted that the expected Project Management Unit has a good implementation and application of this national regulation and procedures with the ongoing Public Sector Performance Project throughout the implementation of small grants activities to community activities. Lessons learned from the ongoing project will be applied to the mobilization of the people needed for this project. The project will put measures to ensure non- discrimination and promote gender sensitivity in the recruitment process of consultants or specialized workers needed during the implementation of identified subprojects. In addition, efforts will be made to target young professionals to promote youth employment and skills advancement, and to manage the potential labor influx by developing a labor influx management strategy. The Borrower will develop and implement (i) required labor conditions as part of Labor Management Plan (LMP); (ii) a worker’s Grievance Mechanism (GM) which could address all workers complaints; and (iii) sensitization related to the availability of worker’s Grievance Mechanism (GM) and to the respect of code of conduct to prevent and address potential harassment, child labor, gender or GBV/SEA issues, intimidation and/or exploitation during the implementation of the activities financed under this project. Mitigation Public Disclosure measures to manage potential risks of GBV and SEA as a result of the project will be included as part of the ESMF and subsequent ESMPs, SEP and RPF. Occupational health and safety (OHS) risks and impacts are expected related to implementation of the Component 2 community infrastructure grants and Component 2 livelihood support activities. In particular, risks are expected related to unskilled labor related to infrastructure works and potential farm-related labor, which could include exposure to pesticides. The LMP will include assessment of OHS risks and impacts related to project activities as they are defined through preparation and proposed measures to manage those risks – in tandem with sub-project ESA instruments. ESS3 Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention and Management At this earlier stage of project preparation, the potential impacts related to resource efficiency and pollution prevention and management are identified in the activities under component 3, Livelihood opportunities and support for community-based organizations, which could lead to the use of pesticides and fertilizers to boost agriculture productivity and the using of medicines to improve livestock health at community as well as Component 2 may cause pollution such as waste (non-hazardous/hazardous), air, water and land pollution due to the civil works. To mitigate risks and impacts of irresponsible use of pesticides, fertilizers and expired animal medicines an Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) with a guidance and procedures to eliminate Expired medicines will be developed. Furthermore, waste management procedures will be included in the ESMF and subsequent ESMPs. Jul 10, 2019 Page 10 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) ESS4 Community Health and Safety This ESS is relevant as the minor infrastructure activities will require road traffic movement, the risks associated with road traffic movements will need to be assessed as part of the environmental and social assessment and appropriate measures developed either as part of a specific traffic management plan or the ESMP. Minor civil works may result in the presence of workers and/ or influx of opportunistic migrants. This has the potential to result in impacts to community health. Gender-based violence (GBV), sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA), and the spread of sexually transmitted and communicable diseases, may occur especially as the communities are rural and remote. The GBV risk of the project has been classified as substantial. During the preparation, the project should (i) undertake a mapping of service providers and assess the capacity and quality of these services for the survivors, (ii) assess the ability of the client to respond to GBV risks, (iii) confirm the SRR of the project, (iv) establish procedures to review and update risk assessments during project implementation, (v) identify and include appropriate mitigation measures in project design. These activities will be incorporated into the Environmental and Social Management Framework of the project. As the project will be located in the south of Madagascar in which, security remains a permanent issue due to dahalo cases, community resource improvement activities within the framework of the project while providing direct support to young people should ensure that these actions do not produce adverse effects and exacerbates the case of community insecurity. In line with ESF requirements, the Borrower will consider these aspects into the Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF, see ESS1). Public Disclosure ESS5 Land Acquisition, Restrictions on Land Use and Involuntary Resettlement This ESS is relevant due to possible case of land acquisition, temporary displacement due to both infrastructure grants activities and livelihood opportunities activities, however, physical displacement and permanent resettlement isnot expected for this project. The Government has clear regulations regarding land acquisition (Law n°2005-019 of Octobre 17, 2005 laying down the principles governing the statutes of lands and Law n°2006-031 of Novembre 16, 2006 laying down the legal regime of private land ownership), however there are limited regulations regarding the involuntary resettlement (Ordinance n°62-023 of Septembre 19, 1962 relating to expropriation for public benefit, to the amicable acquisition of immovable property by the State or the secondary public authorities and to the land gains). There are currently several gaps between national regulations and the ESF ESS5 , as the national regulation does not provide specific requirements for displacement and resettlement. Furthermore, the PMU has limited capacity to deal with displacement and resettlement issues. The PMU will be provided with Technical Assistance support and trainings to enhance their capacity on ESS5. Efforts will be made to avoid or minimize the potential land acquisition or involuntary resettlement during the subprojects identification through the systematic use of environmental and social screening tools in conjunction with early stakeholder engagement activities. To avoid, minimize and to manage any land acquisition issues, the project will develop a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) prior to appraisal. ESS6 Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources The project will avoid any subprojects that have impacts on natural and critical habitat through application of the E&S screening tool as part of the ESMF. The relevance of this ESS will be further discussed and assessed during project preparation. Jul 10, 2019 Page 11 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) ESS7 Indigenous Peoples/Sub-Saharan African Historically Underserved Traditional Local Communities This ESS is not currently relevant, as there are no Indigenous Peoples identified in Madagascar. ESS8 Cultural Heritage The relevance of this ESS will be further discussed and assessed during project preparation. However, as a matter of practice, chance find procedures will be included in the relevant ESMPs and contractor contracts. ESS9 Financial Intermediaries This ESS is not relevant as the project will not involve any Financial Intermediaries. C. Legal Operational Policies that Apply OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways No OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas No Public Disclosure III. WORLD BANK ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL DUE DILIGENCE A. Is a common approach being considered? No Financing Partners A common approach is not being considered for the project as there are no other financing partners involved in the project. B. Proposed Measures, Actions and Timing (Borrower’s commitments) Actions to be completed prior to Bank Board Approval: Actions to be completed prior to Appraisal: • Preparation, consultation and disclosure of Draft Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) • Preparation, consultation and disclosure of Draft Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) with the Integrated Pest Management Plan (IPMP) and Guidance and Draft Labor Management Procedures (LMP) and a draft GBV action plan; • Preparation, consultation and disclosure of Draft Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) • Preparation, consultation and disclosure of Draft Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) this will include mapping and analysis of potentially affected communities with particular attention to vulnerable and indigenous groups • Review the existing FDL PMU Grievance Mechanism (GM) Jul 10, 2019 Page 12 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) Possible issues to be addressed in the Borrower Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP): The Project Management Unit (PMU) is operational with the current Public Sector Performance project. Any capacity gaps / strengthening measures for the implementation of the Environmental and Social Standards will be defined in an Institutional Capacity Enhancement Plan as part of the Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) of the project. The following ESA instruments and E&S documents will be finalized and implemented following Appraisal: ESCP, ESMF, RPF, SEP, LMP Possible actions to be included in the Borrower Environmental and Social Commitment Plan (ESCP) are: • Update and implementation of Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP) that will include a social inclusion and citizen engagement strategy to overcome the cultural and contextual issues during the mobilization of the project • Update and implementation of Project Grievance Mechanism (GM), including a separated GM for the project workers • Development of a detailed GBV Action Plan • Development of a labor influx management strategy for the minor infrastructure project activities • Development of chance find procedures to be made available for all contractors involved in the implementation of the infrastructure related subprojects this will be part of the ESMF Public Disclosure C. Timing Tentative target date for preparing the Appraisal Stage ESRS 18-Dec-2019 IV. CONTACT POINTS World Bank Contact: Jana El-Horr Title: Senior Social Development Specialist Telephone No: 5220+31263 / Email: jelhorr@worldbank.org Contact: Andrianjaka Rado Razafimandimby Title: Social Development Specialist Telephone No: 5339+6092 Email: arazafimandimby@worldbank.org Borrower/Client/Recipient Borrower: Ministry of the Economy and Finances Implementing Agency(ies) Implementing Agency: Ministry of Interior and Decentralization V. FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT Jul 10, 2019 Page 13 of 14 The World Bank Support for resilient livelihoods in the South of Madagascar (P171056) The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Web: http://www.worldbank.org/projects VI. APPROVAL Task Team Leader(s): Jana El-Horr, Andrianjaka Rado Razafimandimby Practice Manager (ENR/Social) Senait Nigiru Assefa Recommended on 04-Jun-2019 at 13:46:42 EDT Safeguards Advisor ESSA Nathalie S. Munzberg (SAESSA) Cleared on 09-Jul-2019 at 22:01:39 EDT Public Disclosure Jul 10, 2019 Page 14 of 14