EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA DEMOGRAPHICS 81799 WOMEN GENDER AT A GLANCE POPULATION BY AGE, 2010 MEN RUSSIAN Source: UN World Population Prospects. 100+ 90-94 FEDERATION 80-84 70-74 GNI per capita (Atlas Method) US$12,7001 60-64 Population living below US$2.50 <1%2 50-54 Most recent…. 40-44 Government Gender Action Plan 2006 30-34 World Bank Gender Assessment 2013, World Bank3 20-24 Source: 1WDI, 2012. 2ECAPOV, 2009. Estimated as of September, 2013. 10-14 Note: 3Forthcoming. 0-4 EQUALITY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, 2000-2011 Source: GenderStats, UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union. WOMEN Female gross EDUCATION 2000* secondary MEN enrollment 2011** 100 GROSS ENROLLMENT (% of relevant age group), 2009 Source: GenderStats. 50 100 Female labor 80 Share of women force 0 in parliament participation 60 (ages 15-64) 40 20 0 Women's Primary Secondary Tertiary monthly wages as a share of men's (unadjusted) WOMEN *Female gross secondary enrollment (2003); Women’s wages as a share of men’s (2005). JOBS **Female gross secondary enrollment (2009); Women’s wages a s share of men’s (2009), MEN Share of women in parliament (2013). LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15-64) , 2000- 2011 Source: GenderStats. GLOBAL INDICES Score Max Rank Year 80 World Economic Forum 75 Global Gender Gap Index 0.6980 1 59/135 2012 UNDP 70 Gender Empowerment Measure 0.556 1 60/109 2009 65 OECD Social Institutions & Gender Index 0.0073 0 6/102 2009 60 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR*(%), 2008 Source: KILM (ILO). *Sectors include those with over 5% of total employment. Sector share of total employment Education 9% Health and social work 7% Wholesale and retail trade; repairs 15% Real estate, renti ng and business act ivities 6% Manufacturing 16% Public administration and defence 8% Agriculture, hunti ng and forestry 8% Transport, storage and communications 9% Construction 8% 0% 50% 100% LEGAL FRAMEWORK The constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership and inheritance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are laws restricting the indus- tries in women may work. More specifically, there are restrictions regarding the employment of women in 456 jobs in the areas of mining, construction, metalworking, factories, jobs requiring lifting weights above a threshold, and jobs deemed hazardous or arduous. Women are entitled to 140 calendar days of maternity leave with 100% of wages paid. Parents are entitled to an additional 955 days of partially paid parental leave. The law guarantees pregnant and nursing women workplace protections from dismissal, placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave, and rights to a flexible schedule. The law stipulates public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. The age at which men and women can retire and receive full benefits is 60 and 55, respectively. There is no legislation that specifically addresses domestic violence. Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013). Russian Federation Europe & Central OECD High Income Year* KEY INDICATORS Asia Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 99 99 103 102 105 104 103 103 2009 Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 90 87 100 97 99 99 102 102 2009 Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 65 87 54 66 62 74 65 81 2009 Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group) 92 92 98 99 101 101 100 101 1995 Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 100 99 99 98 99 98 2010 Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 46 62 25 31 32 37 2008 Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment - 98 - 98 - 100 - 99 2009 Life expectancy at birth (years) 63 75 73 80 77 82 76 82 2011 Maternal mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) - 34 - 21 - 19 - 16 2010 Fertility rates (births per woman) - 1.5 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.7 2011 Access to Economic Opportunity Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64) 78 69 77 62 79 62 79 65 2011 Unemployment (% of labor force) 7.0 6.2 8.9 8.7 8.0 7.9 8.0 7.8 2011 Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 15.3 15.7 19.9 20.5 17.2 16.5 18.0 17.0 2011 Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 8 7 22 15 18 13 15 10 2008 Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3 living in household Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms) - 29 - - - 2012 Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's - 32 - - - 2009 wages, unadjusted) Share of women employed in the non-agricultural sector (% of - 51 - 47 - 46 - 48 2010 total non-agricultural employment) Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 49 48 73 66 86 80 92 87 2011 Agency Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments(%) - 12 - 24 - 25 - 24 2013 Firms with female top managers (%) - 20 - - - 2012 Share of women among ministers (%) - 16 - 19 - 24 - 20 2012 Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife *Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year. Data from GenderStats (downloaded September 10, 2013), UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of September 1, 2013), and the central statistics office of Russian Federation. DATA Please note that where possible, data is from harmonized, internationally comparable sources. WANT TO KNOW MORE? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at www.datatopics.worldbank.org/gender