EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA WOMEN DEMOGRAPHICS GENDER AT A GLANCE MEN POPULATION BY AGE, 2010 Source: UN World Population Prospects. 81825 100+ TAJIKISTAN 90-94 80-84 70-74 GNI per capita (Atlas Method) US$8601 60-64 Population living below US$2.50 45%2 50-54 Most recent…. 40-44 Government Gender Action Plan 2011-2020 30-34 Country Gender Assessment 2013, USAID 20-24 Source: 1WDI, 2012. 2Source: ECAPOV, 2009. Estimated as of September, 2013. 10-14 0-4 EQUALITY IN TAJIKISTAN, 2000-2011 Source: GenderStats, UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union. WOMEN Female gross EDUCATION 2000 secondary MEN enrollment 2011* 100 GROSS ENROLLMENT (% of relevant age group), 2011 Source: GenderStats. 120 50 100 Female labor Share of women force 80 0 in parliament participation 60 (ages 15-64) 40 20 0 Women's montly Primary Secondary Tertiary wages as a share of men's (unadjusted) WOMEN JOBS MEN * Share of women in parliament (2013). LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15 -64) , 2000- 2011 Source: GenderStats. GLOBAL INDICES Score Max Rank Year 85 World Economic Forum 80 Global Gender Gap Index 0.6608 1 96/135 2012 75 UNDP 70 Gender Empowerment Measure - 1 - 2009 65 60 OECD 55 Social Institutions & Gender Index 0.2246 0 40/86 2012 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 SECTOR SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SEX (%), 2004 Source: GenderStats. AGRICULTURE SERVICES INDUSTRY Male Female 0% 50% 100% LEGAL FRAMEWORK The constitution of Tajikistan guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership and inheritance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are laws restricting the industries in which women may work. More specifically, there are restrictions regarding the employment of women in the areas of mining, construction, metalworking, factories, jobs requiring lifting weights above a threshold, and jobs deemed hazardous or arduous. Women are entitled to 140 calendar days of maternity leave with 100% of wages paid. Parents are enti- tled to an additional 477.5 days of partially paid paternal leave and 547.5 days of unpaid paternal leave. The law guarantees pregnant and nursing women workplace protec- tions from dismissal, placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave, and rights to a flexible schedule. The law does not stipulate public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. The age at which men and women can retire and receive full benefits is 63 and 58, respectively. Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013). Tajikistan Europe & Central OECD Low Income Year* KEY INDICATORS Male Female Male Asia Female Male Female Male Female Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 102 98 103 102 105 104 111 106 2011 Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 94 82 100 97 99 99 46 41 2011 Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 31 16 54 66 62 74 11 7 2011 Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group) 106 102 98 99 101 101 69 64 2011 Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 100 100 99 98 70 56 2010 Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 15 6 25 31 2004 Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment - 87 - 98 - 100 - 88 2011 Life expectancy at birth (years) 64 71 73 80 77 82 58 61 2011 Maternal mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) - 65 - 21 - 19 - 410 2010 Fertility rates (births per woman) - 3.2 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 4.0 2011 Access to Economic Opportunity Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64) 78 61 77 62 79 62 84 70 2011 Unemployment (% of labor force) 8.9 8.7 8.0 7.9 Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 19.9 20.5 17.2 16.5 Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 22 15 18 13 Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3 living in household Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms) - 34 - - - 2008 Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's - 51 - - - 2011 wages, unadjusted) Share of women employed in the non-agricultural sector (% of - 37 - 47 - 46 - 2006 total non-agricultural employment) Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 3 2 73 66 86 80 27 20 2011 Agency Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments(%) - 18 - 24 - 25 - 21 2013 Firms with female top managers (%) - 12 - - - 2008 Share of women among ministers (%) - 6 - 19 - 24 - 18 2012 Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife *Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year. Data from GenderStats (extracted September 10, 2013), UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of September 1, 2013), and the central statistics office of Tajikistan. DATA Please note that where possible, data is from harmonized internationally comparable sources. WANT TO KNOW MORE? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at www.datatopics.worldbank.org/gender