Bihar
Social Inclusion
There is uneven progress across social groups in Bihar. There are stark differences in education
attainment and types of jobs across social groups. The poverty rate for Scheduled Castes in the
state is the highest in the country. Open defecation is high across social groups, particularly for the
Scheduled Castes. And though households in Bihar have better access to drinking water than the
rest of the country, Scheduled Castes lag behind other social groups within the state.


                                                           Poverty rate is high across social groups in Bihar,
                                                           especially for the Scheduled Castes
                                                                    Population below poverty line, (%)
                                                            90
Households by Social Group, 2012 (%)
                                                            80                     77                                                   Pace of poverty
                            All India       Bihar                                                                                       reduction
Scheduled Tribe                  9              2           70
Scheduled Caste                  19             18                            59
                                                            60                                                          56 -1% per year
Other Backward Caste             43             62                                       52                                  51 -6% per year
                                                            50
General                          29             18
                                                            40
                                                                                                   34                              32 -7% per year
                                                            30
                                                                                                                                         23 -5% per year
                                                            20

                                                            10

                                                                0
                                                                                    2005                                       2012

                                                           ■ Scheduled Tribe                 ■ Scheduled Caste            ■ Other Backward Caste            ■ General



Poverty rate of Scheduled Castes in Bihar is the highest in the country
     SC population below poverty line, 2012 (%)
60
        51
50           47
                  44
                       41   40        40
40                                         39
                                                 33   33
30                                                         29       29
                                                                         24
                                                                              21   20   19    19    19   19
20                                                                                                            18   18    16   16   16   16   15   15   13
                                                                                                                                                            10
10
                                                                                                                                                                 0   0
0
       BH CG MN UP JH MP OD KA GA AI AS HR WB MH DL TN RJ                                                JK   GJ SK KL HP NL            PJ UK AR AP TR MG MZ


     Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India.



 1      May 20, 2016
Bihar
Social Inclusion

Stark contrast in educational attainment across social groups in Bihar
                               Education attainment, 2012 (% adults)


             Scheduled Tribe                                                       58                  15            12            15



             Scheduled Caste                                                       59                           21         8       12



        Other Backward Caste                                         44                    21                   14                 21



                    General                  20               17            15                                                     47


                               0                  20                 40                  60                          80                100

                                               ■ Illiterate        ■ Literate or primary school completed
                                      ■ Middle school completed           ■ Secondary school or higher completed



Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Bihar have more casual wage jobs compared to
other social groups
                               Share of employed, 2012 (%)

                                     Scheduled Tribe                              Scheduled Caste




                                                                                                   29
                                                   34

                                     61                                           66
                                                                                                            5
                                                        5
                                                                                                                          ■ Casual Wage
                                                                                                                          ■ Salaried
                                   Other Backward Caste                                 General                           ■ Self-employed


                                                                                   18

                                    40
                                                   56                        12
                                                                                                  70

                                         4



2   May 20, 2016
Bihar
Social Inclusion

Open defecation is high across all social groups in Bihar, especially among the Scheduled Castes
                          Households practicing open defecation, 2012 (%)
                    100

                                                            85
                    80
                                               73                           71
                              68                     69

                                                                 59
                    60
                                                                                 48
                                         44
                    40                                                                  35


                                                                                             21
                    20



                     0
                                   All        Scheduled    Scheduled       Other        General
                                                Tribe        Caste     Backward Caste


                                                ■ Bihar     ■ All India




Better access to drinking water in Bihar, but Scheduled Castes lag behind other social groups
                          Households with drinking water on premises, 2012 (%)
                    100

                                                                                        85
                    80                                                      76
                              73
                                                                                             69
                                               65
                    60                   56                 56                   58


                                                                 44
                    40

                                                    27

                    20



                     0
                                   All        Scheduled    Scheduled       Other        General
                                                Tribe        Caste     Backward Caste


                                                ■ Bihar     ■ All India



 3   May 20, 2016