63848 From World Development Indicators The Little Green Data Book Agriculture Forests and biodiversity Energy Emissions and pollution Water and sanitation Environment and health National accounting aggregates THE LITTLE GREEN 2011 DATA BOOK Copyright ©2011 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433 U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing June 2011 ISBN: 978-0-8213-8862-4 eISBN: 978-0-8213-8885-3 DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-8862-4 SKU: 18862 The Little Green Data Book 2011 is a product of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department of the World Bank. Cover design by Peter Grundy Art & Design, London, U.K. Design by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, D.C. Contents Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Data notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Regional tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 East Asia and Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Europe and Central Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 South Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Income group tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Low income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Middle income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Lower middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Upper middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Low and middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Euro area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 High income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 The Little Green Data Book 2011 iii Acknowledgments The Little Green Data Book 2011 is based on World Development Indicators 2011 and its accompanying CD-ROM. Defining, gathering, and disseminating international statistics is a collective effort of many people and organizations. The indicators presented in World Development Indicators are the fruit of decades of work at many levels, from the field workers who administer censuses and household surveys to the committees and working parties of the national and international statistical agencies that develop the nomenclature, classifications, and standards fundamental to the international statistical system. Nongovernmental organizations have also made important contributions. We are indebted to the World Development Indicators partners, as detailed in World Development Indicators 2011. The Little Green Data Book 2011 is the result of close collaboration between the staff of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department of the Sustainable Development Vice Presidency. Mehdi Akhlaghi, Kirk Hamilton, Glenn-Marie Lange, Elisabeth Mealey, Esther Grace Lee, and William Prince contributed to its preparation. Design by Communications Development Incorporated, cover design by Peter Grundy Art & Design and typesetting by Deborah Arroyo. Azita Amjadi, Alison Kwong, and Jomo Tariku coordinated the production of the book. Staff from External Affairs oversaw publication and distribution of the book. iv 2011 The Little Green Data Book Foreword Welcome to The Little Green Data Book 2011. This year’s edition introduces a new green national accounting aggregate, adjusted Net National Income (aNNI), into the set of environment and development indicators. Using the underlying methodology of the Adjusted Net Saving (ANS) measure, which has been published since the first edition in 2000, aNNI provides a broader measure of national income that accounts for the depletion of natural resources. The standard measure of income in the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA) is Net National Income (NNI), defined as Gross National Income (GNI) minus depreciation of fixed capital. aNNI starts with NNI, then subtracts a charge for the depletion of energy, mineral and forest resources, reflecting the decline in asset values associated with their extraction and harvest—this is analogous to depreciation of fixed assets. As this definition indicates, aNNI represents a downward shift in level relative to GNI. This level shift represents a truer measure of a nation’s income because it accounts for the depletion of the nation’s assets. This does not necessarily translate into a difference in growth rates between GNI and aNNI. But we can think of situations, such as during a resource boom, where the growth rates could diverge significantly. Resource Dependent Countries in EAP real GNI and real aNNI, US$ billions, 1995-2009 3500 3000 real GNI 2500 2000 real aNNI 1500 1000 500 0 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Source: World Development Indicators data files. Consider the example of the East Asia and Pacific Region (EAP), focusing on countries rich in both mineral and energy resources. Looking at the figure, we see a smooth and steady upward trend of real GNI from the year 1995, with real ANNI following in parallel. But during the resource boom of the 2000s, both the value and the quantity of resource extraction increased in EAP, resulting in real aNNI diverging from real GNI along a slower and more volatile growth path. The Little Green Data Book 2011 v Foreword Region: Resource Dependent GNI % Growth aNNI % Growth Countries (2000-09) (2000-09) East Asia and Pacific 9.7 9.1 Europe and Central Asia 6.5 8.3 Latin America and Caribbean 3.6 3.7 Middle East and North Africa 3.9 3.6 South Asia 7.5 7.1 Sub-Saharan Africa 4.3 4.0 These divergent growth paths highlight the importance of considering aNNI in addition to traditional development indicators. Especially during a resource boom, countries need a better idea of their true income levels, to restrain their spending and give a firmer guide to policy. Without accounting for natural resource depletion, indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and GNI may be misleading, resulting in overconfidence and policy mistakes. The SNA includes non-produced natural assets (e.g., land, mineral resources and forests) within the asset boundary insofar as they are under the effective control of economic actors. The calculation of aNNI, which accounts for net forest, energy, and mineral depletion, therefore remains within the SNA boundaries. This point is critical, since it allows for comparisons across GDP, GNI, and aNNI. For more information on data and methods, see World Bank (2011). The Little Green Data Book 2011 is a knowledge resource that aids policy makers in using environmental data more effectively to support priority-setting and improve development outcomes. It is the result of close collaboration between the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department of the Sustainable Development Vice Presidency of the World Bank. We welcome your suggestions on how to improve future editions and make them even more useful. Shaida Badiee Mary Barton-Dock Director Director Development Data Group Environment Department vi 2011 The Little Green Data Book Data notes The data in this book are for the most recent year available. Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income economies only. Aggregates for regions and income groups are shown only if data are available for 66 percent of the economies in that group. Symbols used: 0 or 0.0 indicates zero or small enough that the number rounds to zero at the displayed number of decimal places. .. indicates that data are not available. $ indicates current U.S. dollars. Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The word country (used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which the authorities report separate social or economic statistics. The selection of indicators in these pages includes some that are being used to monitor progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. For more information about the eight goals—halving poverty and increasing well-being by 2015—please see the other books in the World Development Indicators 2011 family of products. The Little Green Data Book 2011 vii Regional tables The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical regions and may differ from common geographic usage. East Asia and Pacific American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vietnam. Europe and Central Asia Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz Republic, Lithuania, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Latin America and the Caribbean Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Uruguay, República Bolivariana de Venezuela. Middle East and North Africa Algeria, Djibouti, Arab Republic of Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, West Bank and Gaza, Republic of Yemen. South Asia Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Sub-Saharan Africa Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. The Little Green Data Book 2011 1 World Population (millions) 6,775 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129,562 GDP ($ billions) 58,259.8 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,732 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 7,232 Urban population (% of total) 50.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.2 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,072 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 123 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 548 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.1 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 12.5 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.5 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,835 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 9.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,875 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.6 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 36.0 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 46 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 261 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,511 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 9.0 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 Rural (% of rural population) 78 Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 61 Rural (% of rural population) 45 Urban (% of urban population) 76 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 61 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.3 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.4 2 2011 The Little Green Data Book East Asia & Pacific Population (millions) 1,944 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15,854 GDP ($ billions) 6,353.8 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,163 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,807 Urban population (% of total) 45.0 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.4 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 550 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 135 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 657 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.6 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.9 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.8 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,380 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 12.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,972 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 80.3 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.8 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.0 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 148.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 61 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 97 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,582 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 10.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 Rural (% of rural population) 81 Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 59 Rural (% of rural population) 54 Urban (% of urban population) 64 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 26 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 46.5 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.3 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 33.1 The Little Green Data Book 2011 3 Europe & Central Asia Population (millions) 404 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22,687 GDP ($ billions) 2,591.7 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,793 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,892 Urban population (% of total) 64.0 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.2 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 28 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,011 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 126 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 148 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 38.6 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 7.4 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,030 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.7 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,052 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.5 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.2 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –31.3 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 228 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 12,913 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.0 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 63 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 Rural (% of rural population) 89 Urban (% of urban population) 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 89 Rural (% of rural population) 80 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.8 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.4 4 2011 The Little Green Data Book Latin America & Caribbean Population (millions) 572 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20,116 GDP ($ billions) 4,017.9 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,007 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 5,725 Urban population (% of total) 79.0 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,542 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 245 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 47.0 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 20.8 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.7 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,290 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,907 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 38.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 55.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.7 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 51.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 32 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 302 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 24,000 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.0 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 Rural (% of rural population) 80 Urban (% of urban population) 97 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 79 Rural (% of rural population) 54 Urban (% of urban population) 86 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 23 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.5 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.5 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.8 The Little Green Data Book 2011 5 Middle East & North Africa Population (millions) 331 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,644 GDP ($ billions) 1,062.4 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,597 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,859 Urban population (% of total) 57.6 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,896 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 132 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 818 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.4 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.0 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.7 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,329 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,494 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 94.1 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 4.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.7 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 103.4 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 71 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 259 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 709 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 122.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 Rural (% of rural population) 80 Urban (% of urban population) 95 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 84 Rural (% of rural population) 76 Urban (% of urban population) 92 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 33 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 14.5 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1,568 Land area (1,000 sq. km) South Asia 4,771 GDP ($ billions) 1,700.4 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,107 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 952 Urban population (% of total) 29.8 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 55 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 494 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 123 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 633 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 17.1 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) -0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.1 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 495 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 28.5 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 503 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 80.5 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 134.1 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 72 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 36 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,195 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 51.7 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 Rural (% of rural population) 83 Urban (% of urban population) 95 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 36 Rural (% of rural population) 27 Urban (% of urban population) 57 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 71 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 32.3 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 21.6 The Little Green Data Book 2011 7 Sub-Saharan Africa Population (millions) 840 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,585 GDP ($ billions) 945.9 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,125 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 861 Urban population (% of total) 36.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 314 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 130 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 356 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.0 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.7 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 678 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 57.7 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 531 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 66.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 17.2 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 46.1 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 49 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 57 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,826 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 60 Rural (% of rural population) 47 Urban (% of urban population) 82 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 Rural (% of rural population) 24 Urban (% of urban population) 43 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 130 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.5 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.6 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 7.5 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.8 8 2011 The Little Green Data Book Income group tables For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Each economy in The Little Green Data Book is classified as low income, middle income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily reflect development status. Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $995 or less in 2009. Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $995 but less than $12,196. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $3,945. High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,196 or more. Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, and Spain. The Little Green Data Book 2011 9 Low income Population (millions) 846 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 17,304 GDP ($ billions) 432.2 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 453 Urban population (% of total) 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.2 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 64 Rural (% of rural population) 56 Urban (% of urban population) 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 35 Rural (% of rural population) 32 Urban (% of urban population) 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 10 2011 The Little Green Data Book Middle income Population (millions) 4,813 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 78,353 GDP ($ billions) 16,213.2 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,397 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,804 Urban population (% of total) 48.0 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 767 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 130 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 547 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 32.8 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 12.4 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.4 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,261 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 13.3 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,670 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 73.1 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 20.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 59.6 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 53 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 129 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,093 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 9.1 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 Rural (% of rural population) 81 Urban (% of urban population) 95 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 57 Rural (% of rural population) 43 Urban (% of urban population) 71 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 51 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 29.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.5 The Little Green Data Book 2011 11 Lower middle income Population (millions) 3,811 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30,842 GDP ($ billions) 8,887.3 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.5 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 Rural (% of rural population) 81 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 50 Rural (% of rural population) 41 Urban (% of urban population) 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 26.2 12 2011 The Little Green Data Book Upper middle income Population (millions) 1,002 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 47,511 GDP ($ billions) 7,318.4 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.0 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 Rural (% of rural population) 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 84 Rural (% of rural population) 67 Urban (% of urban population) 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 13 Low and middle income Population (millions) 5,659 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 95,657 GDP ($ billions) 16,657.6 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,968 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,454 Urban population (% of total) 45.1 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 695 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 130 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 565 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 12.2 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.4 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,157 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 15.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,505 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 72.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 21.0 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.9 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 56.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 53 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 116 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,022 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 8.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 Rural (% of rural population) 76 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 54 Rural (% of rural population) 41 Urban (% of urban population) 69 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 66 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 29.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.6 14 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Euro area 327 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,552 GDP ($ billions) 12,465.3 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 38,872 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 32,385 Urban population (% of total) 73.4 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 24,856 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 98 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 189 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.3 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 15.4 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,763 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,970 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 50.3 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 9.5 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.2 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 2.4 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 665 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,998 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 22.0 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 38 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.7 The Little Green Data Book 2011 15 High income Population (millions) 1,117 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33,905 GDP ($ billions) 41,607.7 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) -0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.4 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 Rural (% of rural population) 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 Rural (% of rural population) 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.2 16 2011 The Little Green Data Book Country tables China Data for China do not include data for Hong Kong SAR, China; Macao SAR, China; or Taiwan, China. Cyprus GNI and GDP data and all data calculated using GNI and GDP data refer to the area controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2011 or data.worldbank.org. Georgia GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP exclude Abkhazia and South Ossetia. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2011 or data.worldbank.org. Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia Montenegro declared independence from Serbia and Montenegro on June 3, 2006. Where available, data for each country are shown separately. However, some indicators for Serbia prior to 2006 include data for Montenegro. Moreover, data for most indicators for Serbia from 1999 onward exclude data for Kosovo, which in 1999 became a territory under international admin- istration pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999). Kosovo became a member of the World Bank on June 29, 2009, and its data are shown where available. Moldova GNI and GDP data and all data calculated using GNI and GDP data exclude Transnistria. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2011 or data.worldbank.org. Morocco GNI and GDP data and all data calculated using GNI and GDP data include Former Spanish Sahara. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2011 or data.worldbank.org. The Little Green Data Book 2011 17 Country tables Netherlands Antilles Netherlands Antilles ceased to exist on 10 October 2010. Curaçao and St Maarten became countries within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Bonaire, St Eustatius and Saba became special municipalities of the Netherlands. Tanzania GNI and GDP data and all data calculated using GNI and GDP data refer to mainland Tanzania only. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2011 or data.worldbank.org. 18 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Afghanistan 30 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 652 GDP ($ billions) 14.5 South Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 310 1,107 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 326 952 453 Urban population (% of total) 24.4 29.8 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.0 2.7 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 55 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 494 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 127 123 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 283 633 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.1 17.1 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.4 6.1 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 5.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 495 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 28.5 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 503 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.5 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 15.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.03 0.49 0.28 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.03 1.20 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –73.3 134.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 37 72 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 36 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,946 1,195 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 42.0 51.7 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 90 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 48 87 64 Rural (% of rural population) 39 83 56 Urban (% of urban population) 78 95 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 37 36 35 Rural (% of rural population) 30 27 32 Urban (% of urban population) 60 57 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 19.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 199 71 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 32.3 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 8.4 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.9 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 2.1 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 21.6 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 19 Albania Population (millions) 3.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 27.4 GDP ($ billions) 12.0 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,000 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,331 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 47.4 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.2 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,663 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 115 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 275 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.3 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.8 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 38 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 11.0 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 664 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.3 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,372 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.0 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 100.0 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –43.3 –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 46 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 213 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,588 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.8 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 58 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 98 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 98 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 98 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 1.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 7.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.6 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.2 1.4 3.9 20 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 35 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Algeria 2,382 GDP ($ billions) 140.6 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,420 3,597 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,901 2,859 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 65.9 57.6 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.9 2.6 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 17 23 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,159 2,896 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 163 132 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 160 818 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.6 2.4 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 –0.1 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.3 4.0 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 14 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 33 Threatened species, higher plants 15 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.8 4.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,078 1,329 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 1.1 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 957 1,494 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.3 94.1 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.7 4.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.6 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.1 3.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 77.6 103.4 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 69 71 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 173 259 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 332 709 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 54.6 122.3 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 64 86 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 87 95 Rural (% of rural population) 79 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 85 95 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 84 84 Rural (% of rural population) 88 76 67 Urban (% of urban population) 98 92 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 19.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 32 33 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 10.4 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 4.3 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 16.7 14.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 21 American Samoa Population (thousands) 67 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.2 GDP ($ millions) .. Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 3,163 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 92.7 45.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) .. 3.4 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 25 48 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 550 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 128 135 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 254 657 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 90.0 29.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.2 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.3 14.9 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.8 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 4.0 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 148.9 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 88 95 Rural (% of rural population) .. 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 96 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 59 84 Rural (% of rural population) .. 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) .. 64 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 26 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.3 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 1.0 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 3.9 22 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 85 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Andorra 0.5 GDP ($ billions) 3.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 41,130 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 88.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) .. 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 55 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 929 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.0 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 17 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 23 Angola Population (millions) 18 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,247 GDP ($ billions) 75.5 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,750 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,160 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 57.6 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.2 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 46 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 249 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 198 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 229 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 46.9 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 12.4 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 21 Threatened species, fish 37 Threatened species, higher plants 33 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 8.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.8 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 609 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 63.5 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 189 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 3.7 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 96.3 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 459.0 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 55 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 65 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,431 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.4 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 33 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 50 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 38 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 60 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 57 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 18 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 86 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 28.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 161 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.9 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 29.1 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –29.2 –1.8 26.2 24 2011 The Little Green Data Book Antigua and Barbuda Population (thousands) 88 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.1 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,130 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 30.4 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,378 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 112 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 753 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.7 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 7.0 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.1 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 45.1 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 607 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.3 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 89 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 95 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 94 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 98 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 53.7 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.0 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 25 Argentina Population (millions) 40 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,737 GDP ($ billions) 307.2 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,550 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 6,161 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 92.2 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.4 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 49 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 11,793 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 106 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 10 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.7 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.6 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.4 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 37 Threatened species, birds 50 Threatened species, fish 36 Threatened species, higher plants 44 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 17.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.9 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,915 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.7 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,789 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.7 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 24.9 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.6 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 63.1 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 68 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 346 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,989 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 11.8 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 80 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 77 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 91 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 14 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.9 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.5 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.6 6.8 3.9 26 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 3.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Armenia 28.5 GDP ($ billions) 8.7 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,100 6,793 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,602 4,892 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 63.8 64.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –1.0 0.2 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 61 28 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,000 3,011 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 191 126 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 247 148 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 9.2 38.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.9 0.0 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 8.0 7.4 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.8 3.6 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 974 3,030 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,578 4,052 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 26.2 67.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 31.1 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.7 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.6 7.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 69 24 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 100 228 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,232 12,913 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 25.3 7.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 63 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 95 86 Rural (% of rural population) 93 89 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 89 50 Rural (% of rural population) 80 80 41 Urban (% of urban population) 95 94 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 7.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 22 21 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.5 19.8 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.2 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.7 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.4 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.6 0.2 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.6 1.4 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 27 Aruba Population (thousands) 107 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.2 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 46.8 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.4 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 2,806 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 23.0 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 30.3 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 28 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 22 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Australia 7,682 GDP ($ billions) 924.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 43,770 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 32,956 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 88.9 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 54 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 29,257 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 95 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 5 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 19.4 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.5 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 55 Threatened species, birds 52 Threatened species, fish 100 Threatened species, higher plants 67 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 87.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.7 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,071 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.2 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 11,217 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 92.9 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 4.6 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 17.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 27.6 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 14 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,091 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 23,348 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 4.9 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 75 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.4 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 3.1 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 29 Austria Population (millions) 8.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 82.5 GDP ($ billions) 381.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 46,450 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 38,579 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 67.4 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 24,998 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 97 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 199 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 47.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 22.9 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.1 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,988 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.3 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,218 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 30.1 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 59.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.3 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 12.7 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 877 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,626 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.5 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.4 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.3 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 15.0 5.2 30 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 8.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Azerbaijan 82.6 GDP ($ billions) 43.0 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,840 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,557 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 52.1 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.9 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,274 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 151 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 224 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.3 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 7.1 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 10 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.3 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,540 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,317 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 90.7 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 9.3 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.7 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 33 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 188 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 946 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 150.5 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 71 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 88 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 45 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 39 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 51 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 3.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 21.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 34 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 48.0 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 32.7 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.4 1.4 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 31 Bahamas, The Population (thousands) 342 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 83.9 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.8 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 15,764 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 116 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 786 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 51.4 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 7 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.4 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 10.2 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 60 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 100 Rural (% of rural population) 86 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 32 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 791 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Bahrain 0.8 GDP ($ billions) 20.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 25,420 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 14,450 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 88.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 130 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 6,360 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –5.5 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.3 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.7 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 11,896 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 13,144 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.0 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 29.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 89.0 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 49 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,324 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6,375.0 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8.3 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 8.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 33 Bangladesh Population (millions) 162 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 130 GDP ($ billions) 89.4 South Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 580 1,107 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 545 952 453 Urban population (% of total) 27.6 29.8 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.5 2.7 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 71 55 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 418 494 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 132 123 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,476 633 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.1 17.1 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 –0.1 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.6 6.1 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 34 Threatened species, birds 29 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 16 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.1 5.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 175 495 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 31.1 28.5 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 208 503 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 95.8 80.5 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 4.2 15.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.5 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 1.2 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 181.7 134.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 134 72 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 11 36 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 666 1,195 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 51.7 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 90 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 87 64 Rural (% of rural population) 78 83 56 Urban (% of urban population) 85 95 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 53 36 35 Rural (% of rural population) 52 27 32 Urban (% of urban population) 56 57 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 20.8 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 6.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 52 71 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 35.3 32.3 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.8 8.4 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.0 2.9 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.1 2.1 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.9 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 27.1 21.6 .. 34 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 256 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Barbados 0.4 GDP ($ billions) 3.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 40.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 15,621 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 97 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 960 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 18.6 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 16 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.3 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 25.3 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 38 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 314 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 76.1 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 33 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 11 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 35 Belarus Population (millions) 9.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 202.9 GDP ($ billions) 49.0 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,560 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,366 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 73.9 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.3 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,911 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 157 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 47 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.5 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 7.3 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.0 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,907 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.5 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,427 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.6 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.1 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.9 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 7 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 161 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,834 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 11.7 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 19 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 99 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 93 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 97 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 91 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.7 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.1 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.3 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.9 1.4 3.9 36 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Belgium 30 GDP ($ billions) 471.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 45,270 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 37,868 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 97.4 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 40,858 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 96 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 33 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.4 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.9 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 10 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.1 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,471 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,523 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 38.6 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.5 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –4.2 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 827 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,129 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.7 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.0 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.2 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 37 Belize Population (thousands) 333 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.4 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,740 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,274 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 52.2 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.5 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,735 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 106 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 222 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 61.1 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 27.9 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 32 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 36.5 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 51,364 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.9 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 86 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 93 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 6.7 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 11.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 26.2 38 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 8.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Benin 110.6 GDP ($ billions) 6.7 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 750 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 678 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 41.6 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.3 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 661 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 116 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 200 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 41.2 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.8 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 23.8 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 27 Threatened species, higher plants 14 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.9 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 347 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 61.0 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 76 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.3 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.7 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 442.1 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 45 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 79 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,227 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.3 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 75 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 69 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 84 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 12 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 4 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 24 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 12.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 118 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.9 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 39 Bermuda Population (thousands) 64 Land area (sq. km) 50 GDP ($ billions) 5.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 15 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 36,570 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 0 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 20.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.6 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.0 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –14.1 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 40 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 697 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Bhutan 38 GDP ($ billions) 1.3 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,020 1,107 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,627 952 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 35.6 29.8 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.3 2.7 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 15 55 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 495 494 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 153 123 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 352 633 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 84.6 17.1 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 28.3 6.1 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 27 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 8 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 5.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 495 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 28.5 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 503 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 15.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.5 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 1.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 351.4 134.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 72 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 36 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 115,378 1,195 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 51.7 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 90 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 88 83 81 Urban (% of urban population) 99 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 65 36 50 Rural (% of rural population) 54 27 41 Urban (% of urban population) 87 57 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 79 71 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 32.3 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.9 8.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 2.9 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.1 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 5.3 0.9 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 21.6 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 41 Bolivia Population (millions) 9.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,083.3 GDP ($ billions) 17.3 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,630 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,340 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 66.0 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.0 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 34 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 723 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 133 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 93 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.8 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 18.2 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 33 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 72 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 12.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.7 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 587 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.4 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 561 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 60.5 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 36.6 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 139.6 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 74 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 149 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 31,865 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.7 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 57 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 67 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 96 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 25 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 9 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 34 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 22.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 24.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 51 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.8 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.5 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.7 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.5 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.2 6.8 26.2 42 2011 The Little Green Data Book Bosnia and Herzegovina Population (millions) 3.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51.2 GDP ($ billions) 17.0 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,700 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 48.0 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.4 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 13,301 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 138 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 197 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.7 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.6 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 31 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.7 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,588 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.1 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,467 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 65.7 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 34.3 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.1 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.7 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 242 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,395 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 98 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 92 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 99 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 2.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 8.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 14 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.9 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.3 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.4 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 43 Botswana Population (millions) 1.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 566.7 GDP ($ billions) 11.8 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,260 1,125 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,981 861 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 60.3 36.9 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.8 4.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 46 45 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 467 314 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 113 130 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 311 356 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 20.0 28.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.6 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 30.9 11.7 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 11.6 3.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,102 678 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 22.3 57.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,503 531 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 66.2 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 17.2 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.6 0.8 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 130.2 46.1 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 69 49 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 340 57 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,268 4,826 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 8.1 3.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 41 87 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 60 95 Rural (% of rural population) 90 47 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 82 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 60 31 84 Rural (% of rural population) 39 24 67 Urban (% of urban population) 74 43 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 40.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 6.5 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 57 130 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.1 15.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 10.6 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.4 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 7.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.5 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.6 –1.8 3.9 44 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 194 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Brazil 8,459 GDP ($ billions) 1,594.5 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,070 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 6,769 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 86.0 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.1 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,843 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 148 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 45 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 61.4 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 28.0 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 80 Threatened species, birds 123 Threatened species, fish 80 Threatened species, higher plants 387 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 100.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.4 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,295 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 31.6 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,232 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 12.8 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 79.8 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.9 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 76.3 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 298 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 28,498 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.1 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 55 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 84 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 80 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 37 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 87 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 24.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 14.9 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.6 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.5 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.6 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 45 Brunei Darussalam Population (thousands) 400 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 75.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 2 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 74,363 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 150 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 3,293 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 72.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 42.9 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 34 Threatened species, birds 19 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 99 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.6 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 9,251 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,308 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 19.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 18.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 51 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 969 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 22,086 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.1 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 46 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 7.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Bulgaria 108.6 GDP ($ billions) 48.7 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,060 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 5,354 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 71.4 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.3 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 9,855 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 76 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 72 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.2 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.6 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.1 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.6 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,595 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.8 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,594 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 58.0 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 6.3 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.8 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –32.5 –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 51 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 335 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,742 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 24.2 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 100 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 100 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.7 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.1 1.4 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 47 Burkina Faso Population (millions) 16 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 274 GDP ($ billions) 8.1 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 510 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 465 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 20.0 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.0 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 181 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 136 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 195 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 20.6 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.6 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.9 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 4 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 188.8 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 64 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 849 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.9 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 76 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 72 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 95 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 11 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 6 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 33 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 166 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.6 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 48 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 8.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Burundi 25.7 GDP ($ billions) 1.3 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 150 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 135 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 10.7 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.8 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 85 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 70 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 110 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 804 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.7 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.7 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.8 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.07 0.45 0.28 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.02 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –41.0 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,283 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.9 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 72 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 71 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 83 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 46 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 46 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 49 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 13.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 166 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.5 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.1 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 9.8 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 49 Cambodia Population (millions) 15 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 177 GDP ($ billions) 10.4 East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 650 3,163 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 582 2,807 453 Urban population (% of total) 22.2 45.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.2 3.4 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 48 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 388 550 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 184 135 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 293 657 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 57.2 29.6 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.8 –0.2 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 24.0 14.9 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 37 Threatened species, birds 24 Threatened species, fish 28 Threatened species, higher plants 30 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.0 3.8 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 358 1,380 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 69.6 12.4 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 113 1,972 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 96.5 80.3 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.1 16.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 4.0 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 884.6 148.9 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 41 61 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 26 97 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,420 4,582 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.4 10.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 74 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 88 64 Rural (% of rural population) 56 81 56 Urban (% of urban population) 81 96 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 29 59 35 Rural (% of rural population) 18 54 32 Urban (% of urban population) 67 64 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 20.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 88 26 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.3 46.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.1 10.3 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 2.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.0 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.0 33.1 .. 50 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 20 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Cameroon 473 GDP ($ billions) 22.2 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,190 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 982 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 57.6 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.3 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 19 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 730 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 120 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 138 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.1 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.7 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.2 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 39 Threatened species, birds 16 Threatened species, fish 110 Threatened species, higher plants 378 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 12.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.4 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 372 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 71.0 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 263 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 23.6 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 76.2 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 254.9 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 47 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 36 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 14,630 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.4 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 74 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 51 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 92 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 47 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 35 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 56 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 11.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 154 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.6 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.7 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 51 Canada Population (millions) 34 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,094 GDP ($ billions) 1,336.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 41,980 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 32,597 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 80.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 48,710 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 119 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 14 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 8.0 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 32 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 21.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.5 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 8,008 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.5 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 17,061 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 24.9 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 58.7 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 16.9 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 23.8 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,324 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 86,426 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 12 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.0 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.2 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.8 5.2 52 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 506 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Cape Verde 4 GDP ($ billions) 1.5 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,010 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,658 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 60.4 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.5 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,132 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 118 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 310 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.1 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –1.3 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.5 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 250.0 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 610 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.8 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 82 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 85 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 54 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 38 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 65 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 28 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 32.3 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 53 Cayman Islands Population (thousands) 55 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.2 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.9 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 97 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 0 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 54.2 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 8.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.1 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 113.0 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 95 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 54 2011 The Little Green Data Book Central African Republic Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 623.0 GDP ($ billions) 2.0 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 450 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 416 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 38.7 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.4 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 8 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 409 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 123 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 138 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.3 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.7 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 17 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.09 0.45 0.28 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.06 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 27.8 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 33,119 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 67 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 51 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 92 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 34 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 28 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 43 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 26.5 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 171 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.2 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 55 Chad Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,259 GDP ($ billions) 6.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 600 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 308 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 27.1 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.6 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 220 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 125 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 186 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 9.2 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.4 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.03 0.45 0.28 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.04 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 162.5 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 81 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,412 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.4 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 52 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 50 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 44 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 67 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 9 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 4 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 23 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.2 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 31.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 209 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 25.2 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 56 2011 The Little Green Data Book Channel Islands Population (thousands) 150 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.2 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 31.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 2,785 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 13.4 Threatened species, mammals .. Threatened species, birds .. Threatened species, fish .. Threatened species, higher plants .. GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 57 Chile Population (millions) 17 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 744 GDP ($ billions) 163.7 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 9,470 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 7,001 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 88.7 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.7 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 21 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,569 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 120 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 154 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.8 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 16.5 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 34 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 41 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 15.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.2 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,871 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 15.5 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,319 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 54.3 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 40.5 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.3 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 105.4 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 62 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 345 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 53,137 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.3 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 75 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 83 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 98 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 9 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.0 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.6 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 9.9 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.2 6.8 3.9 58 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1,331 Land area (1,000 sq. km) China 9,327 GDP ($ billions) 4,985.5 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,650 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,255 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 44.0 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.3 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 56 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 504 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 133 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 694 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.2 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.9 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 16.6 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 74 Threatened species, birds 85 Threatened species, fish 97 Threatened species, higher plants 453 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 66.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.6 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,598 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 9.6 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,455 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 80.6 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.9 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.9 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.0 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 165.7 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 66 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 85 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,134 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 18.7 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 65 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 82 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 55 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 52 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 58 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 19 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 53.2 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.8 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 39.7 33.1 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 59 Colombia Population (millions) 46 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,110 GDP ($ billions) 234.0 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,990 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,048 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 74.8 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.2 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,861 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 128 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 627 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 54.5 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 20.4 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 51 Threatened species, birds 91 Threatened species, fish 50 Threatened species, higher plants 227 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 51.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 12.0 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 684 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.7 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 974 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 16.0 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 82.8 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 10.6 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 171 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 47,611 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 39 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 73 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 74 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 55 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 81 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.6 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 19 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.2 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.9 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.4 6.8 3.9 60 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 659 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Comoros 2 GDP ($ millions) 535 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 810 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 764 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 28.1 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.2 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 81 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 443 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 112 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 579 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.6 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 4.5 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 6 Threatened species, higher plants 5 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 57.1 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,910 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.8 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 47 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 97 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 91 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 36 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 30 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 50 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 104 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 61 Congo, Dem. Rep. Population (millions) 66 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,267 GDP ($ billions) 10.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 160 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 124 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 34.6 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.2 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 10 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 166 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 98 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 633 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 68.0 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 30 Threatened species, birds 34 Threatened species, fish 81 Threatened species, higher plants 83 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 19.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 0.8 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 346 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 93.4 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 95 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.6 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.4 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.04 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –40.2 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 40 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 14,395 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 18 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 46 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 28 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 80 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 23 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 23 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 23 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 11.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 22.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 199 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 5.9 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 7.9 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 62 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Congo, Rep. 3.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 341.5 GDP ($ billions) 9.6 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,080 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 752 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 61.7 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.8 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 351 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 123 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 285 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 65.6 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.4 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 37 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.6 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 378 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 51.3 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 150 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 18.7 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 81.3 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 33.6 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 68 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 98 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 62,516 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 9 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 71 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 34 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 95 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 30 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 29 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 31 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 128 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.6 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.5 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 50.6 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 63 Costa Rica Population (millions) 4.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51.1 GDP ($ billions) 29.2 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,260 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 5,558 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 63.8 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.3 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,457 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 126 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 830 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 51.0 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 20.9 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 19 Threatened species, fish 46 Threatened species, higher plants 116 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 9.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.6 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,084 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.3 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,866 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 7.1 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 78.0 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.8 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 174.7 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 32 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 320 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 25,209 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.4 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 53 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 91 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 96 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 95 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 11 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.8 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.2 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 15.2 6.8 3.9 64 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Côte d’Ivoire 21 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 318 GDP ($ billions) 23.3 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,070 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 938 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 49.4 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.9 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 64 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 892 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 120 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 377 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 32.7 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 22.6 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 24 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 43 Threatened species, higher plants 106 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.1 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 499 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 74.0 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 186 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 65.2 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 32.7 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 10.1 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 32 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 21 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,819 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.8 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 43 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 68 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 93 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 23 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 11 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 36 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 119 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.4 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.8 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.1 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.3 –1.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 65 Croatia Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 56.0 GDP ($ billions) 63.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 13,770 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 11,797 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 57.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.1 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 13,909 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 104 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 220 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 7.3 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 56 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.5 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,047 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.6 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,878 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 56.8 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 42.7 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 432 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,499 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 99 Rural (% of rural population) 98 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 11.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.6 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.9 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.3 5.2 66 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Cuba 106 GDP ($ billions) 62.7 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,550 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 75.7 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 62 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,647 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 83 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 76 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 27.0 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –1.1 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.2 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 14 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 30 Threatened species, higher plants 166 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 12.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,076 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.0 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,327 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 97.0 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.8 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.4 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –18.9 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 29 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,402 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 19.8 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 75 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 89 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 96 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 91 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 81 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 94 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 13.6 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 67 Cyprus Population (thousands) 871 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9 GDP ($ billions) 25.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 30,480 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 23,767 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 70.1 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 13 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 10,149 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 84 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 315 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 18.7 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.0 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 8 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.1 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,998 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.8 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,711 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.7 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 76.2 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 788 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 914 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 24.5 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 68 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Czech Republic 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 77 GDP ($ billions) 190.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 17,310 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 14,602 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 73.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 55 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,687 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 99 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 91 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.4 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 15.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.4 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,282 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.9 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,464 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 61.3 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 2.4 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 12.1 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 553 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,272 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 13.6 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 99 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.8 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.6 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.3 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 69 Denmark Population (millions) 5.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42.4 GDP ($ billions) 309.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 59,060 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 47,216 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 86.9 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 63 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 36,907 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 107 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 30 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 12.8 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.7 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.0 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.9 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,460 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 15.6 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,460 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 70.1 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.1 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.1 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –0.8 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 779 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,099 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 17.4 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 51 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.4 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 16.5 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.5 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.7 5.2 70 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 864 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Djibouti 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.0 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,280 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,192 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 87.7 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.1 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 73 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 80 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 147 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 10,785 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.3 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.0 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 22.0 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 49 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 360 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.3 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 16 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 52 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 56 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 10 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 63 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 94 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.1 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 71 Dominica Population (thousands) 74 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.8 GDP ($ millions) 378 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,900 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,331 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 74.3 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.6 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,848 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 91 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 382 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 60.0 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 21.7 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 10 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.7 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 106.3 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 92 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 96 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 81 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 84 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 80 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 2.4 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.4 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 3.9 72 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Dominican Republic 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 46.8 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,550 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,944 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 69.8 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.9 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 52 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,989 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 131 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 385 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.8 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 22.1 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 30 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 6.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.2 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 820 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.9 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,377 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 88.6 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.2 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 116.9 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 144 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,140 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 16.6 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 64 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 84 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 87 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 83 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 74 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 87 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 20.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 32 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.5 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.1 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.9 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.4 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 73 Ecuador Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 248 GDP ($ billions) 57.2 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,970 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,269 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 66.2 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.5 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,092 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 126 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 375 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 39.7 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.1 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 25.1 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 43 Threatened species, birds 71 Threatened species, fish 49 Threatened species, higher plants 1,837 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 29.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.9 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 767 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.3 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,137 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 37.0 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 60.7 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 78.1 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 289 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 32,379 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.5 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 88 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 97 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 84 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 96 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 57.2 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 19.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 24 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.1 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.4 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.8 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.4 6.8 26.2 74 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Egypt, Arab Rep. 83 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 995 GDP ($ billions) 188.4 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,070 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,872 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 42.8 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.8 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 4 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,931 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 139 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,684 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.1 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –1.6 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.9 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 17 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 36 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.8 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 867 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.1 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,425 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 88.1 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.2 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 143.2 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 97 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 145 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 22 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3,788.9 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 98 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 100 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 94 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 92 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 97 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.7 .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.6 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 7.0 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.1 .. 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 75 El Salvador Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20.7 GDP ($ billions) 21.1 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,370 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,951 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 61.0 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.9 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 75 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,807 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 116 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 352 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 13.9 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.9 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.8 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 27 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.9 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 796 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 31.2 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 953 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 38.6 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 34.2 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 155.9 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 131 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,907 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 7.8 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 55 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 76 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 94 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 87 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 83 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 89 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 42.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 19.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 17 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 11.7 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.7 6.8 26.2 76 2011 The Little Green Data Book Equatorial Guinea Population (thousands) 676 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 10.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,420 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,205 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 39.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 993 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 89 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 305 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 58.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 19.2 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 19 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 27 Threatened species, higher plants 68 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.5 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 3,863.6 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 7 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 40,485 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 6 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 43 100 Rural (% of rural population) 42 98 Urban (% of urban population) 45 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 51 99 Rural (% of rural population) 46 98 Urban (% of urban population) 60 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 145 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 20.6 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 66.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 77 Eritrea Population (millions) 5.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 101.0 GDP ($ billions) 1.9 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 320 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 338 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 21.2 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.0 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 75 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 65 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 126 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 583 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 15.2 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.2 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.8 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 138 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 80.0 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.3 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 71 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 7 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 586 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 14.8 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 95 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 57 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 74 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 14 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 4 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 52 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 19.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 23.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 55 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.8 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 78 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Estonia 42.4 GDP ($ billions) 19.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 14,060 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 11,945 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 69.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –1.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 19 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,207 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 134 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 68 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 20.0 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 4 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.7 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,026 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.7 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,348 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 95.4 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.3 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.8 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 15.2 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 542 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,473 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.2 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 99 Rural (% of rural population) 94 98 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.2 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.4 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 79 Ethiopia Population (millions) 83 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,000 GDP ($ billions) 28.5 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 330 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 306 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 17.3 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.5 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 208 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 151 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 492 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 12.3 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.7 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 18.4 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 32 Threatened species, birds 23 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 26 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 8.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.0 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 393 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 92.4 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 42 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 12.4 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 87.3 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.08 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 115.7 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 59 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 16 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,551 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 4.6 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 38 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 26 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 98 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 12 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 8 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 29 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 12.6 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 23.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 104 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.2 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.7 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 4.4 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.3 –1.8 .. 80 2011 The Little Green Data Book Faeroe Islands Population (thousands) 49 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 42.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.8 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 2 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 79 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 947 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 14.4 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 11.8 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 10 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 81 Fiji Population (thousands) 849 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 2.8 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,840 3,163 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,994 2,807 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 52.9 45.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.1 3.4 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 48 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,115 550 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 89 135 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 237 657 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 55.5 29.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.2 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.3 14.9 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 65 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.8 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.7 4.0 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 78.5 148.9 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 61 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 34,041 4,582 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.3 10.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 61 74 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 88 95 Rural (% of rural population) .. 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 93 96 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 59 84 Rural (% of rural population) .. 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 96 64 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 26 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.1 10.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.0 2.1 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.0 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 3.9 82 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 5.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Finland 303.9 GDP ($ billions) 238.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 45,940 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 37,010 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 63.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 8 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 42,398 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 104 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 86 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 72.9 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.1 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,635 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 21.8 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 16,350 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 26.8 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 22.1 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 12.1 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 26.0 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 740 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 20,232 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.1 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.8 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 17.0 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.1 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 83 France Population (millions)a 63 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 548 GDP ($ billions) 2,649.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 42,620 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 36,605 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 77.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.8 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 53 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 53,497 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 98 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 77 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 15.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 40 Threatened species, higher plants 15 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 5.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.4 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,279 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.2 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,931 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 9.6 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.2 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.0 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –6.8 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 666 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,229 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 15.9 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 12 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.3 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.2 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.0 5.2 a. Excludes the French overseas departments of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Réunion. 84 2011 The Little Green Data Book French Polynesia Population (thousands) 269 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 51.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 12 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,772 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 113 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 4,283 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –3.5 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 32 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 47 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 4.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.1 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 27.9 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 38,120 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 99 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 85 Gabon Population (millions) 1.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 257.7 GDP ($ billions) 11.1 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,370 1,125 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,733 861 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 85.5 36.9 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.6 4.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 20 45 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,860 314 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 130 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 67 356 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 85.4 28.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.9 11.7 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 14 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 59 Threatened species, higher plants 120 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.4 3.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,431 678 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 52.5 57.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,158 531 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 55.8 66.2 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 43.8 17.2 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 0.8 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –66.6 46.1 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 7 49 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 143 57 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 115,340 4,826 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 3.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 38 87 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 60 95 Rural (% of rural population) 41 47 86 Urban (% of urban population) 95 82 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 33 31 84 Rural (% of rural population) 30 24 67 Urban (% of urban population) 33 43 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 13.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 15.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 69 130 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.2 10.6 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 29.1 7.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 3.9 86 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Gambia, The 1.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ millions) 733 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 440 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 372 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 57.3 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.5 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 66 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 271 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 117 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 186 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 48.0 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.5 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 107.7 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 62 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,857 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.4 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 28 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 86 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 96 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 67 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 65 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 68 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 21.5 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 103 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.0 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.5 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.1 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.9 –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 87 Georgia Population (millions) 4.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69.5 GDP ($ billions) 10.7 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,530 6,793 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,263 4,892 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 52.8 64.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –1.5 0.2 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 36 28 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,925 3,011 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 66 126 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 435 148 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 39.5 38.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.7 7.4 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.6 3.6 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 694 3,030 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 12.7 1.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,678 4,052 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 15.2 67.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 84.8 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.7 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 7.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 49 24 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 135 228 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,339 12,913 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.8 7.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 65 63 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 95 86 Rural (% of rural population) 96 89 81 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 89 50 Rural (% of rural population) 93 80 41 Urban (% of urban population) 96 94 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 6.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 29 21 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 0.2 19.8 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.8 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 8.7 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.2 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –7.1 1.4 26.2 88 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 82 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Germany 349 GDP ($ billions) 3,330.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 42,450 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 35,503 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 73.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.2 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 49 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 27,855 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 181 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.8 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 40.5 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 12 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.3 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,083 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 7.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,149 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 61.4 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.3 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 609 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,301 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 36.6 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.2 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.8 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.4 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 89 Ghana Population (millions) 24 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 228 GDP ($ billions) 26.2 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,190 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 927 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 50.8 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.2 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 69 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 360 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 155 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 265 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.7 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.4 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 42 Threatened species, higher plants 118 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.4 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 405 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 66.8 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 268 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 25.9 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 74.1 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 149.5 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 49 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,325 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.2 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 74 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 90 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 13 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 7 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 18 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 17.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 69 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.7 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.4 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 4.8 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.1 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.8 –1.8 .. 90 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 31 Land area (sq. km) Gibraltar 10 GDP ($ billions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 0 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,124 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,349 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 13.1 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 8.5 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 91 Greece Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129 GDP ($ billions) 329.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 29,040 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 24,430 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 61.2 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.8 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 36 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 9,524 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 83 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 209 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 30.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.6 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 73 Threatened species, higher plants 13 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 10.0 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,707 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.4 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,723 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 90.8 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.3 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.8 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 34.9 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 32 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 581 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,182 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 12.2 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 99 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 3.4 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –7.9 5.2 92 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 56 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Greenland 410 GDP ($ billions) 1.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 26,160 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 83.8 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 99 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) .. 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 40.5 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 7 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.2 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –6.6 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,662,187 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 93 Grenada Population (thousands) 104 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.3 GDP ($ millions) 627 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,580 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 30.9 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.2 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,711 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 87 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 3,580 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 50.0 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.7 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 100.0 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 93 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 97 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 96 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) –9.3 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 3.9 94 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 178 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Guam 0.5 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 93.2 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 109 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,201 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 48.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 26.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 6 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 99 Rural (% of rural population) 98 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 95 Guatemala Population (millions) 14 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 107 GDP ($ billions) 37.3 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,650 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,283 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 49.0 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.3 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,783 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 141 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 531 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.1 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.9 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 30.6 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 82 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 8.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.4 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 590 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 53.3 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 543 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.6 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 42.6 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 154.2 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 60 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 134 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,177 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.7 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 55 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 90 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 81 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 73 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 89 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 18.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 40 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.9 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.1 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.0 6.8 26.2 96 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Guinea 246 GDP ($ billions) 4.1 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 370 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 316 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 34.9 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.8 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 56 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 321 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 133 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 269 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 26.6 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.8 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 22 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 63 Threatened species, higher plants 22 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 31.6 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 53 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 23,505 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.7 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 71 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 61 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 89 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 19 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 11 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 34 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 15.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 21.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 142 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 8.5 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.7 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 3.7 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –4.2 –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 97 Guinea-Bissau Population (millions) 1.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28.1 GDP ($ millions) 837 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 510 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 475 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 29.9 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.7 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 273 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 122 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 368 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 71.9 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 16.1 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 30 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 13.0 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 47 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,383 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.1 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 51 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 83 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 21 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 9 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 49 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 31.5 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 193 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 98 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 762 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Guyana 197 GDP ($ billions) 2.0 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,660 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,246 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 28.4 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.1 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 9 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,428 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 95 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 130 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 77.2 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.9 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 22 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.0 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 32.2 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 315,404 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.7 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 98 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 93 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 81 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 80 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 85 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 5.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 35 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 3.4 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 99 Haiti Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 6.5 Latin America & Low- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 7,007 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 5,725 453 Urban population (% of total) 48.2 79.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.6 2.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 65 35 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 3,542 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 112 131 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 525 245 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 3.7 47.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.5 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.3 20.8 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 29 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 5.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.7 7.7 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 281 1,290 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 71.2 16.8 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 23 1,907 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 62.8 38.7 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 37.2 55.3 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 2.7 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 141.3 51.2 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 32 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 25 302 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,338 24,000 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 9.2 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 71 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 63 93 64 Rural (% of rural population) 55 80 56 Urban (% of urban population) 71 97 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 17 79 35 Rural (% of rural population) 10 54 32 Urban (% of urban population) 24 86 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 39.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 25.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 87 23 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.5 4.4 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.3 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 .. 100 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 7.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Honduras 111.9 GDP ($ billions) 14.3 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,800 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,666 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 48.3 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.2 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 28 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,984 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 145 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 375 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 46.4 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.5 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 18.2 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 22 Threatened species, higher plants 113 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 7.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.7 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 632 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 41.7 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 708 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 61.9 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 35.0 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 240.7 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 42 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 135 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,372 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.2 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 58 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 77 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 95 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 71 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 62 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 80 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 19.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 30 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.6 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.6 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.5 6.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 101 Hong Kong SAR, China Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.0 GDP ($ billions) 210.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 31,570 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 26,703 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.1 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) .. 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 41.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 6 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) .. Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 20.0 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,026 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.4 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,866 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.8 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 44.5 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 204 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 102 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Hungary 90 GDP ($ billions) 129.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,980 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 10,493 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 67.9 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 64 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 10,948 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 100 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 71 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.6 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.4 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.8 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,636 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.8 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,989 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 56.8 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.5 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –11.0 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 435 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 597 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 89.6 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.0 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 103 Iceland Population (thousands) 319 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 100 GDP ($ billions) 12.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 43,430 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 28,659 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 92.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 55,355 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 109 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 351 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –4.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.2 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 16,556 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 50,067 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 75.5 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.5 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 12.9 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 14 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 885 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 545,631 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.6 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.6 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.1 5.2 104 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1,155 Land area (1,000 sq. km) India 2,973 GDP ($ billions) 1,377.3 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,220 1,107 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 983 952 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 29.8 29.8 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.4 2.7 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 60 55 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 471 494 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 119 123 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 508 633 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 23.0 17.1 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.3 6.1 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 94 Threatened species, birds 78 Threatened species, fish 122 Threatened species, higher plants 255 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 39.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.1 5.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 545 495 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 26.3 28.5 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 566 503 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 82.6 80.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 13.8 15.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.5 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 1.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 133.5 134.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 59 72 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 36 36 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,134 1,195 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 47.8 51.7 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 90 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 84 83 81 Urban (% of urban population) 96 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 36 50 Rural (% of rural population) 21 27 41 Urban (% of urban population) 54 57 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 19.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 19.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 66 71 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 35.2 32.3 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.6 8.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 2.9 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.2 2.1 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.9 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.9 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 24.1 21.6 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 105 Indonesia Population (millions) 230 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,812 GDP ($ billions) 540.3 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,050 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,714 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 52.6 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.2 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 27 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 706 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 146 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 502 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.1 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.8 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.1 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 183 Threatened species, birds 119 Threatened species, fish 138 Threatened species, higher plants 393 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 81.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.2 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 874 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 26.7 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 591 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 86.7 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 7.7 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.8 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 165.5 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 72 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 103 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,987 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.6 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 71 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 89 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 52 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 36 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 67 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 10.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 39 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.2 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.3 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.0 33.1 26.2 106 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Iran, Islamic Rep. 73 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,629 GDP ($ billions) 331.0 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,530 3,597 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,219 2,859 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 69.0 57.6 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.6 2.6 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 23 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,061 2,896 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 124 132 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 133 818 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.8 2.4 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 7.1 4.0 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 21 Threatened species, fish 29 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 7.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.7 4.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,808 1,329 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.5 1.1 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,423 1,494 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 97.6 94.1 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 2.3 4.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.6 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.0 3.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 118.3 103.4 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 55 71 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 522 259 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,809 709 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 72.5 122.3 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 86 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 87 95 Rural (% of rural population) 83 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 95 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 83 84 84 Rural (% of rural population) 78 76 67 Urban (% of urban population) 86 92 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 24.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 11.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 31 33 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 10.4 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.3 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 17.7 14.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 107 Iraq Population (millions) 31 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 437 GDP ($ billions) 65.8 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,210 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 868 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 66.5 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.4 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 22 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,261 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 92 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 197 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.9 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.1 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 18 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.9 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,107 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,164 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 98.5 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 1.5 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.1 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 90.5 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 138 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 330 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,175 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 187.5 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 55 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 91 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 73 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 66 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 76 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 44 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.1 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 45.7 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.3 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 2.6 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 26.2 108 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 4.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Ireland 68.9 GDP ($ billions) 227.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 44,280 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 34,098 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 61.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 61 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 12,361 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 90 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 155 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.7 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –1.6 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.0 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 11.6 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,385 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.8 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,301 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 78.4 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.3 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.2 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 46.1 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 996 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 11,246 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 99 Rural (% of rural population) 98 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 11.5 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 17.7 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.1 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 109 Isle of Man Population (thousands) 80 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.6 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 50.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 74 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 761 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 5.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 110 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 7.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Israel 21.6 GDP ($ billions) 195.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 25,790 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 22,092 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 91.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 122 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 202 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 7.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.5 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 18.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 35 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.5 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,011 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,054 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.6 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.3 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 99.0 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 481 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 104 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 241.9 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 58 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.8 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.6 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.2 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 111 Italy Population (millions) 60 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 294 GDP ($ billions) 2,112.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 35,110 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 29,618 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 68.2 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.4 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 46 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 29,199 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 95 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 268 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.6 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.9 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 42 Threatened species, higher plants 27 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.6 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,942 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,661 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 80.6 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 13.3 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 7.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 23 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 626 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,074 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 24.8 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 44 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.3 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.0 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.1 5.2 112 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 2.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Jamaica 10.8 GDP ($ billions) 12.1 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,590 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,729 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 53.5 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.1 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,367 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 100 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,004 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.1 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 18.9 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 209 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 4.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.4 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,633 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.1 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,552 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 96.0 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 2.0 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.2 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 75.3 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 37 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 204 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,514 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.2 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 34 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 89 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 83 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 84 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 82 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 3.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 31 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.5 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.2 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.2 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.9 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 113 Japan Population (millions) 128 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 365 GDP ($ billions) 5,069.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 38,080 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 35,439 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 66.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 13 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 52,062 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 95 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 994 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 68.5 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 16.3 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 28 Threatened species, birds 40 Threatened species, fish 59 Threatened species, higher plants 15 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 36.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.1 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,883 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.4 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,071 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 62.8 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 7.1 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.8 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 8.8 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 541 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,365 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 20.6 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 62 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.9 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.5 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.1 5.2 114 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Jordan 88.2 GDP ($ billions) 25.1 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,980 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,830 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 78.5 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.9 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,560 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 156 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 853 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.1 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.4 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.2 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,215 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,087 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.5 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.4 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.8 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.8 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 106.2 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 33 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 264 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 120 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 136.5 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 65 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 91 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 97 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 98 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 6.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 25 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 9.6 .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.3 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.0 .. 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 115 Kazakhstan Population (millions) 16 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,700 GDP ($ billions) 115.3 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,920 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,215 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 58.2 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.0 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 77 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,775 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 145 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 29 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.2 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.5 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 21 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 16 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 5.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.3 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,525 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.2 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,689 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 90.7 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 9.3 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.4 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 14.7 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 277 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,871 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 42.1 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 90 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 98 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 97 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 3.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 29 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 30.8 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.7 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 20.8 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.6 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.2 1.4 3.9 116 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 40 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Kenya 569 GDP ($ billions) 29.4 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 760 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 675 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 21.9 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.8 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 349 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 126 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 573 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.1 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.2 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.6 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 28 Threatened species, birds 30 Threatened species, fish 66 Threatened species, higher plants 129 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 8.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.1 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 465 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 76.9 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 155 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 38.4 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 40.4 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 92.9 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 26 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 548 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 13.2 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 59 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 52 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 83 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 32 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 27 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 18.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 17.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 84 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.4 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.6 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.1 –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 117 Kiribati Population (thousands) 98 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.8 GDP ($ millions) 128 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,830 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 43.9 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.8 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,443 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 125 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 2,711 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 14.8 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 22.0 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 50.0 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 53 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 77 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 22 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 49 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 46 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.4 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 118 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Korea, Dem. Rep. 24 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120 GDP ($ billions) .. East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 3,163 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 63 2,807 453 Urban population (% of total) 1.3 45.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.9 3.4 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 25 48 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 550 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 111 135 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 319 657 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 49.3 29.6 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.9 –0.2 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.6 14.9 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 20 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 774 1,380 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.7 12.4 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 764 1,972 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 38.3 80.3 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 61.7 16.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.6 4.0 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –65.4 148.9 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 68 61 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 17 97 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,824 4,582 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 13.5 10.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 55 74 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 88 64 Rural (% of rural population) 100 81 56 Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 59 35 Rural (% of rural population) .. 54 32 Urban (% of urban population) .. 64 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 12.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 55 26 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.3 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.3 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 1.0 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 119 Korea, Rep. Population (millions) 49 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 97 GDP ($ billions) 832.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 19,830 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 14,879 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 81.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.2 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 19 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 17,728 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 101 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 580 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 64.2 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 30 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.5 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,669 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.3 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,853 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 65.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.7 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.4 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 108.2 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 559 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,338 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 39.3 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 62 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 88 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 30.1 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.3 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.0 5.2 120 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Kosovo 10.9 GDP ($ billions) 5.4 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,240 6,793 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 4,892 2,028 Urban population (% of total) .. 64.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) .. 0.2 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 52 28 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 3,011 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 126 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) .. 148 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 38.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. 0.0 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 7.4 11.5 Threatened species, mammals .. Threatened species, birds .. Threatened species, fish .. Threatened species, higher plants .. GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) .. Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.6 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 3,030 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 1.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 4,052 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 67.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.7 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 7.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 228 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 12,913 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 7.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 63 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 95 86 Rural (% of rural population) .. 89 81 Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 89 50 Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 41 Urban (% of urban population) .. 94 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 21 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.8 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 8.7 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.4 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 121 Kuwait Population (millions) 2.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 17.8 GDP ($ billions) 148.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 33,479 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 98.4 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 8 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 14,486 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 114 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 392 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –2.3 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.6 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.8 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 9,637 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 16,747 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 32.3 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 111.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 95 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,343 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 0 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 54 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.9 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 10.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 122 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Kyrgyz Republic 5.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 191.8 GDP ($ billions) 4.6 Europe & Central Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 870 6,793 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 755 4,892 453 Urban population (% of total) 36.4 64.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.8 0.2 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 56 28 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,041 3,011 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 126 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 263 148 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 5.0 38.6 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.4 0.0 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.9 7.4 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 14 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.8 3.6 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 542 3,030 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 1.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,449 4,052 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 9.6 67.5 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 90.4 16.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.7 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 7.2 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 26 24 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 94 228 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,351 12,913 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 20.6 7.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 63 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 95 64 Rural (% of rural population) 85 89 56 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 93 89 35 Rural (% of rural population) 93 80 32 Urban (% of urban population) 94 94 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 17.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 37 21 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 14.4 19.8 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 11.7 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 8.7 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.4 1.4 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 123 Lao PDR Population (millions) 6.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 230.8 GDP ($ billions) 5.9 East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 880 3,163 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 840 2,807 453 Urban population (% of total) 32.0 45.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 6.0 3.4 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 10 48 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 516 550 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 148 135 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 343 657 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 68.2 29.6 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 –0.2 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 16.3 14.9 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 45 Threatened species, birds 22 Threatened species, fish 23 Threatened species, higher plants 22 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 5.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 4.0 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 554.7 148.9 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 39 61 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 31,252 4,582 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 10.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 74 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 57 88 64 Rural (% of rural population) 51 81 56 Urban (% of urban population) 72 96 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 53 59 35 Rural (% of rural population) 38 54 32 Urban (% of urban population) 86 64 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 1.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 6.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 59 26 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 10.3 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.1 2.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 1.0 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.7 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 .. 124 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 2.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Latvia 62.2 GDP ($ billions) 26.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,390 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 11,002 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 68.2 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –1.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 29 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,482 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 138 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 62 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 53.9 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 17.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.9 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,979 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 24.8 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,087 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.1 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 58.9 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.4 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 481 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,355 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.4 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 10 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 96 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 78 99 Rural (% of rural population) 71 98 Urban (% of urban population) 82 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.6 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.4 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 125 Lebanon Population (millions) 4.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10.2 GDP ($ billions) 34.5 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,060 3,597 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 7,440 2,859 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 87.1 57.6 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.1 2.6 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 67 23 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 37,171 2,896 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 111 132 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 380 818 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 13.4 2.4 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.5 4.0 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.8 4.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,250 1,329 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.7 1.1 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,267 1,494 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 96.5 94.1 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.5 4.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.6 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.2 3.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 46.8 103.4 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 36 71 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 360 259 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,153 709 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 29.9 122.3 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 86 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 87 95 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 95 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 84 84 Rural (% of rural population) 87 76 67 Urban (% of urban population) 100 92 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 19.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 33 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.9 .. 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.2 10.4 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 4.3 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 14.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.7 .. 3.9 126 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 2.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Lesotho 30.4 GDP ($ billions) 1.6 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 980 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 862 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 26.2 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.6 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 78 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 199 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 72 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 430 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.4 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.5 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 46 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,574 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.0 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 81 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 97 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 29 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 25 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 40 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 18.7 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 84 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.9 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.4 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 9.4 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 24.4 –1.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 127 Liberia Population (millions) 4.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 96.3 GDP ($ millions) 876 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 160 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 135 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 60.8 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.7 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 27 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 572 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 131 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 378 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 44.9 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 18.1 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 19 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 52 Threatened species, higher plants 47 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 39.4 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 55,138 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.1 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 34 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 68 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 51 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 79 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 17 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 4 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 25 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 39.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 112 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.2 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 10.4 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 128 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Libya 6.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,759.5 GDP ($ billions) 62.4 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,020 3,597 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 5,569 2,859 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 77.7 57.6 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.2 2.6 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 9 23 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 2,896 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 109 132 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 81 818 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.1 2.4 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.1 4.0 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.2 4.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,895 1,329 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.9 1.1 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,909 1,494 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 94.1 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 4.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.6 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.3 3.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 42.2 103.4 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 76 71 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 542 259 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 97 709 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 718.0 122.3 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 83 86 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 54 87 95 Rural (% of rural population) 55 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 54 95 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 84 84 Rural (% of rural population) 96 76 67 Urban (% of urban population) 97 92 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4.3 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 19 33 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.9 10.4 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.3 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 30.4 14.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 129 Liechtenstein Population (thousands) 36 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.2 GDP ($ billions) 4.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 136,630 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 14.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.2 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 96 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 795 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 43.8 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 42.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 17 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 2 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 130 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Lithuania 62.7 GDP ($ billions) 37.2 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 11,410 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 9,786 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 67.1 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.6 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,369 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 138 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 60 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.5 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.4 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.5 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.4 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,733 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 8.8 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,557 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 19.4 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.0 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.5 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 17 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 486 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,610 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 17.7 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) .. 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) .. 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) .. 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.4 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 131 Luxembourg Population (thousands) 496 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3 GDP ($ billions) 52.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 76,710 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 58,456 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 82.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 50 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 22,849 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 138 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.6 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 19.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.7 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 8,429 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.5 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 15,895 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 88.2 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 4.8 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 22.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 9.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,402 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,083 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.0 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 21.7 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.6 5.2 132 2011 The Little Green Data Book Macao SAR, China Population (thousands) 538 Land area (sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 21.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 39,550 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) .. 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) .. Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.06 0.37 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.0 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 50.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 133 Macedonia, FYR Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25.2 GDP ($ billions) 9.2 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,400 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,916 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 67.4 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.2 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,165 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 115 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 156 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 39.6 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.8 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.8 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,520 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.6 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,723 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 86.7 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 13.3 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.5 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 194 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,647 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 99 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 89 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 82 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 92 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 11 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.8 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.6 1.4 3.9 134 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Madagascar 20 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 582 GDP ($ billions) 8.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 430 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 457 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 29.9 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.2 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 70 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 183 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 114 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 457 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.6 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.9 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 63 Threatened species, birds 35 Threatened species, fish 83 Threatened species, higher plants 280 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 29.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 128.3 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 33 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 18,114 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 4.4 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 41 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 29 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 71 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 11 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 10 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 15 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 12.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 58 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 135 Malawi Population (millions) 15 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 94 GDP ($ billions) 4.7 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 290 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 265 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 19.3 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.2 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 145 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 129 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 344 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.4 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.6 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 15.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 101 Threatened species, higher plants 14 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.07 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 72.5 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,118 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.0 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 77 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 95 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 56 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 57 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 51 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 27.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 17.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 110 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 136 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 27 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Malaysia 329 GDP ($ billions) 193.1 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,350 3,163 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 5,422 2,807 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 71.3 45.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.1 3.4 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 24 48 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,399 550 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 144 135 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 445 657 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 62.3 29.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 –0.2 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 17.9 14.9 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 70 Threatened species, birds 45 Threatened species, fish 60 Threatened species, higher plants 692 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 13.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.9 3.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,693 1,380 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.1 12.4 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,490 1,972 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 92.3 80.3 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 7.7 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.8 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.3 4.0 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 243.6 148.9 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 61 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 523 97 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 21,841 4,582 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.1 10.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 74 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 88 95 Rural (% of rural population) 99 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 59 84 Rural (% of rural population) 95 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 96 64 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 26 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.7 46.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.6 10.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 2.1 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 7.9 3.3 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 1.0 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 15.4 33.1 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 137 Maldives Population (thousands) 309 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.3 GDP ($ billions) 1.5 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,970 1,107 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,055 952 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 39.2 29.8 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.1 2.7 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 55 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,708 494 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 96 123 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 4,739 633 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 3.3 17.1 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 6.1 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 5.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 495 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 28.5 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 503 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 15.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.5 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.0 1.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 483.3 134.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 72 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 36 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 100 1,195 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 51.7 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 90 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 86 83 81 Urban (% of urban population) 99 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 36 50 Rural (% of rural population) 96 27 41 Urban (% of urban population) 100 57 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 22.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 7.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 13 71 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 32.3 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.2 8.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.5 2.9 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.1 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 21.6 26.2 138 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Mali 1,220 GDP ($ billions) 9.0 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 680 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 638 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 32.7 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.9 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 32 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 523 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 183 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 178 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.2 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.4 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 6 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.05 0.45 0.28 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.05 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 37.4 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 112 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,835 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 10.9 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 56 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 44 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 81 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 36 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 32 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 45 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 191 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.7 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 139 Malta Population (thousands) 415 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.3 GDP ($ billions) 8.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 18,360 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 94.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 36,900 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 86 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 278 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 17.2 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 11.4 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,988 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,806 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 25.1 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 432 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 123 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 53.5 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 22 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 140 2011 The Little Green Data Book Marshall Islands Population (thousands) 61 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.2 GDP ($ millions) 153 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,060 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 71.4 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.0 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 72 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 303 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 863 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 72.2 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.1 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.7 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 107.7 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 99 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 92 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 73 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 53 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 83 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 35 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.1 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 141 Mauritania Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,030.7 GDP ($ billions) 3.0 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 990 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 677 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 41.2 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.8 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 411 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 116 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 474 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.2 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.8 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.5 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 30 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –26.8 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 68 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 127 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 399.8 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 49 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 47 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 52 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 26 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 9 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 50 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 117 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.1 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 18.3 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. 142 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Mauritius 2.0 GDP ($ billions) 8.6 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,250 1,125 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 6,201 861 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 42.5 36.9 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.8 4.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 45 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,923 314 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 106 130 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 839 356 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 17.2 28.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.5 11.7 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 88 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.1 0.8 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 165.7 46.1 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 49 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,182 4,826 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 26.4 3.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 87 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 60 95 Rural (% of rural population) 99 47 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 82 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 91 31 84 Rural (% of rural population) 90 24 67 Urban (% of urban population) 93 43 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 17 130 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.2 15.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 10.6 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.0 –1.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 143 Mayotte Population (thousands) 197 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.4 GDP ($ millions) .. Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 1,125 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 861 5,773 Urban population (% of total) .. 36.9 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) .. 4.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 54 45 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 314 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 130 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) .. 356 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.8 28.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.8 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.2 11.7 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 0.8 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 46.1 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 49 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,826 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 3.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 87 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 60 95 Rural (% of rural population) .. 47 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 82 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 31 84 Rural (% of rural population) .. 24 67 Urban (% of urban population) .. 43 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 130 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 7.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.6 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 3.9 144 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 107 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Mexico 1,944 GDP ($ billions) 874.8 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,960 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 6,637 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 77.5 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.8 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 53 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,255 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 117 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 98 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.3 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.1 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 99 Threatened species, birds 55 Threatened species, fish 150 Threatened species, higher plants 255 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 68.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.9 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,698 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.6 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,020 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 77.9 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.1 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.5 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 31.9 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 33 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 472 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,885 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 19.3 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 87 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 96 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 85 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 68 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 90 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 9.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 17 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.1 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.1 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.1 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 145 Micronesia, Fed. Sts. Population (thousands) 111 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.7 GDP ($ millions) 274 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,500 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 22.6 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.0 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 32 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 3,421 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 91.4 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.0 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 5 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 94 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 95 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 27 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 15 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 61 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 39 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 146 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 3.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Moldova 32.9 GDP ($ billions) 5.4 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,560 6,793 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,447 4,892 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 41.5 64.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –1.6 0.2 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 76 28 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,627 3,011 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 105 126 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 116 148 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.7 38.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.6 0.0 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.4 7.4 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.1 3.6 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 867 3,030 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.5 1.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,287 4,052 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 96.0 67.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 2.3 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.7 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.3 7.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 36 24 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 85 228 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 273 12,913 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 191.5 7.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 40 63 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 95 86 Rural (% of rural population) 85 89 81 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 79 89 50 Rural (% of rural population) 74 80 41 Urban (% of urban population) 85 94 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 7.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 17 21 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.8 19.8 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.5 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 8.4 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 8.7 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.2 1.4 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 147 Monaco Population (thousands) 33 Land area (sq. km) 2 GDP ($ billions) 6.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 197,590 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) .. 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) .. –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 23.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 148 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Mongolia 2.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,553.6 GDP ($ billions) 4.2 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,630 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,178 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 57.3 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 75 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,821 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 110 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 133 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 7.0 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.5 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.4 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 21 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 4.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.8 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,193 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.3 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,473 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.3 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.0 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 5.4 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 111 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 157 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,326 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.4 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 46 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 76 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 49 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 97 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 50 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 32 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 64 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 2.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 8.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 29 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 44.7 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.5 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.8 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 7.3 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 2.1 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.6 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 24.9 33.1 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 149 Montenegro Population (thousands) 624 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 13 GDP ($ billions) 4.1 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,650 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 59.8 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.5 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,502 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 143 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.4 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.3 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 96 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 86 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 96 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 9 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.4 3.9 150 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 32 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Morocco 446 GDP ($ billions) 91.4 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,770 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,475 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 56.4 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.1 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 67 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,523 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 140 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 173 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.5 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.5 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 18 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 31 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.4 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 474 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.2 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 736 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 94.1 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 4.5 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.5 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 97.1 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 112 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 929 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 43.4 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 81 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 60 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 69 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 52 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 83 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 12.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 10.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 38 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.8 .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.1 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 25.0 .. 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 151 Mozambique Population (millions) 23 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 786 GDP ($ billions) 9.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 440 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 378 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 37.6 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.8 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 62 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 202 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 102 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 314 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 49.6 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 15.8 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 23 Threatened species, fish 52 Threatened species, higher plants 52 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 7.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 1.9 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 416 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 81.9 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 461 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.1 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.9 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 159.7 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 26 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 18 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,586 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.7 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 47 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 29 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 77 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 17 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 4 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 38 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 142 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 9.2 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.1 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.2 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.0 –1.8 .. 152 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 50 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Myanmar 654 GDP ($ billions) .. East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 3,163 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 453 Urban population (% of total) 33.2 45.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.6 3.4 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 18 48 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 550 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 162 135 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 315 657 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 48.6 29.6 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.7 –0.2 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.3 14.9 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 45 Threatened species, birds 41 Threatened species, fish 33 Threatened species, higher plants 42 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 10.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 316 1,380 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 66.8 12.4 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 97 1,972 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.2 80.3 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 60.8 16.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 4.0 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 208.5 148.9 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 46 61 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 22 97 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 20,415 4,582 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 3.3 10.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 74 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 71 88 64 Rural (% of rural population) 69 81 56 Urban (% of urban population) 75 96 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 81 59 35 Rural (% of rural population) 79 54 32 Urban (% of urban population) 86 64 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 2.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 71 26 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.3 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.8 2.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.3 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 1.0 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.7 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 153 Namibia Population (millions) 2.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 823.3 GDP ($ billions) 9.3 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,270 1,125 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,763 861 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 37.4 36.9 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.8 4.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 47 45 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,704 314 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 101 130 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 168 356 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 8.9 28.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.6 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.5 11.7 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 24 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 26 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 5.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.3 3.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 823 678 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.2 57.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,797 531 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 32.5 66.2 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 67.5 17.2 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.5 0.8 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 41,300 46.1 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 48 49 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 274 57 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,949 4,826 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 4.9 3.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 87 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 60 95 Rural (% of rural population) 88 47 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 82 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 33 31 84 Rural (% of rural population) 17 24 67 Urban (% of urban population) 60 43 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 18.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 48 130 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.8 15.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.6 10.6 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.4 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 21.9 –1.8 3.9 154 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 29 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Nepal 143 GDP ($ billions) 12.5 South Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 440 1,107 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 394 952 453 Urban population (% of total) 17.7 29.8 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.9 2.7 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 29 55 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 240 494 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 130 123 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,012 633 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.4 17.1 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.9 –0.1 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 17.0 6.1 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 31 Threatened species, birds 33 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 7 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.0 5.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 340 495 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 86.4 28.5 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 89 503 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.4 80.5 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.6 15.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.5 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 1.2 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 439.9 134.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 32 72 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 11 36 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,007 1,195 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.1 51.7 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 98 90 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 87 64 Rural (% of rural population) 87 83 56 Urban (% of urban population) 93 95 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 36 35 Rural (% of rural population) 27 27 32 Urban (% of urban population) 51 57 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 23.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 27.5 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 48 71 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 36.8 32.3 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.8 8.4 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 2.9 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.1 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 4.2 0.9 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 29.1 21.6 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 155 Netherlands Population (millions) 17 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 34 GDP ($ billions) 792.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 48,460 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 39,606 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 82.4 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 57 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 43,572 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 94 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 280 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.8 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 12.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.9 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,845 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.9 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,226 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 85.7 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.1 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 5.6 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 708 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 671 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 105.1 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 23 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.7 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.6 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.6 5.2 156 2011 The Little Green Data Book Netherlands Antilles Population (thousands) 196 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.8 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 92.9 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 10 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 121 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 179 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.3 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 15.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 11,078 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,342 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 32.4 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 0.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 23 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,084 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 157 New Caledonia Population (thousands) 250 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 65.1 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 14 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,086 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 45.9 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.5 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 257 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 8.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 75.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 64 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 158 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) New Zealand 4.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 263.3 GDP ($ billions) 126.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 28,810 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 23,927 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 86.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 25,446 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 115 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 127 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.4 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 25.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 70 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 21 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 20.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.3 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,967 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.1 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,492 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 35.6 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 51.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 36.5 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 12 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,004 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 77,336 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.6 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 42 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.6 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.0 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 159 Nicaragua Population (millions) 5.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120.3 GDP ($ billions) 6.1 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,000 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 930 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 57.0 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.2 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,461 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 135 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 129 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.9 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.2 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 36.7 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 26 Threatened species, higher plants 43 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.1 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 621 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 52.3 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 457 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 64.5 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.9 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 73.6 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 23 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 79 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 33,905 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.7 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 68 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 52 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 37 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 63 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 31.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 14.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 26 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.6 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.8 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.4 6.8 26.2 160 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 15 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Niger 1,267 GDP ($ billions) 5.4 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 340 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 327 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 16.6 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.9 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 34 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 243 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 186 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 85 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.0 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.6 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.8 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 4 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.06 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –4.6 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 96 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 248 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 67.5 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 48 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 39 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 96 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 9 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 4 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 34 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 12.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 40.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 160 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 2.9 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 161 Nigeria Population (millions) 155 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 911 GDP ($ billions) 173.0 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,190 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 755 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 49.1 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.2 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 86 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 135 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 208 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 9.9 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 2.1 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 12.8 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 27 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 56 Threatened species, higher plants 172 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 6.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.6 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 735 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 81.2 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 126 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 72.9 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 27.1 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 110.0 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 46 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 58 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,496 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 4.7 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 53 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 58 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 42 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 75 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 32 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 28 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 36 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 15.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 138 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.0 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 14.7 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 26.2 162 2011 The Little Green Data Book Northern Mariana Islands Population (thousands) 87 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.5 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 91.2 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 760 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 65.2 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 5 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 94 99 Rural (% of rural population) 96 98 Urban (% of urban population) 94 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 163 Norway Population (millions) 4.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 305.5 GDP ($ billions) 381.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 84,640 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 57,830 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 77.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.1 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 3 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 41,932 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 95 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 127 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 32.9 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.9 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,222 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.6 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 24,867 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.4 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 98.5 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.1 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 36.5 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 733 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 81,119 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 13 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 32.6 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.2 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 10.6 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.8 5.2 164 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 2.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Oman 309.5 GDP ($ billions) 46.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 17,890 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 10,154 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 71.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 6 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,380 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 102 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,437 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 6 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.0 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,903 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,894 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 13.7 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 260.5 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 94 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 665 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 514 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 94.7 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 100 Rural (% of rural population) 77 98 Urban (% of urban population) 92 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 87 99 Rural (% of rural population) 61 98 Urban (% of urban population) 97 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 6.2 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 6.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 165 Pakistan Population (millions) 170 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 771 GDP ($ billions) 162.0 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,000 1,107 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 871 952 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 36.6 29.8 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.3 2.7 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 34 55 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 892 494 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 132 123 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 521 633 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.2 17.1 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.3 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.3 6.1 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 23 Threatened species, birds 26 Threatened species, fish 33 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 4.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.7 5.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 499 495 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 34.8 28.5 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 436 503 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.9 80.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 30.3 15.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.5 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 1.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 128.1 134.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 109 72 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 63 36 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 338 1,195 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 313.8 51.7 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 90 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 87 83 81 Urban (% of urban population) 95 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 45 36 50 Rural (% of rural population) 29 27 41 Urban (% of urban population) 72 57 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 24.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 26.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 87 71 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.5 32.3 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 8.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.9 2.9 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.2 2.1 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.9 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.7 21.6 26.2 166 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 20 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Palau 0.5 GDP ($ millions) 165 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,220 3,163 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 81.6 45.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.4 3.4 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 48 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,323 550 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 135 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 396 657 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 87.0 29.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.2 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.0 14.9 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.8 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.5 4.0 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 148.9 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 88 95 Rural (% of rural population) 94 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 80 96 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 83 59 84 Rural (% of rural population) 52 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 96 64 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 26 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.0 10.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.2 1.0 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 167 Panama Population (millions) 3.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 74.3 GDP ($ billions) 24.7 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,570 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 5,866 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 74.0 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.6 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,458 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 116 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 166 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 43.7 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.5 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 18.7 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 36 Threatened species, higher plants 202 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 10.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 13.8 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 853 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 12.3 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,646 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 37.9 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 61.8 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 131.2 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 148 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 44,088 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.3 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 51 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 83 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 69 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 51 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 75 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 12.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 23 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 37.4 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.1 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 28.4 6.8 3.9 168 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Papua New Guinea 6.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 452.9 GDP ($ billions) 7.9 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,180 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 831 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 12.5 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.6 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 2 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 663 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 119 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 2,130 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 63.4 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.1 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 39 Threatened species, birds 37 Threatened species, fish 41 Threatened species, higher plants 143 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 25.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 57.2 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 124,716 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.0 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 40 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 33 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 87 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 45 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 41 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 71 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 13.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16.5 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 68 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.7 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.6 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 19.9 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 169 Paraguay Population (millions) 6.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 397.3 GDP ($ billions) 14.2 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,250 7,007 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,983 5,725 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 60.9 79.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.3 2.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 51 35 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,497 3,542 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 136 131 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 59 245 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 44.3 47.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.6 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.4 20.8 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 27 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 10 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.2 7.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 699 1,290 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 53.7 16.8 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,002 1,907 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.0 38.7 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 100.0 55.3 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 2.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 82.7 51.2 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 67 32 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 181 302 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 15,343 24,000 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.5 2.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 71 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 93 86 Rural (% of rural population) 66 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 70 79 50 Rural (% of rural population) 40 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 90 86 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 17.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 23 23 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.3 19.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 4.4 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.2 6.8 26.2 170 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 29 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Peru 1,280 GDP ($ billions) 130.3 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,200 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,482 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 71.5 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.7 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 17 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,530 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 153 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 226 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 53.1 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 13.6 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 54 Threatened species, birds 96 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 274 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 33.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 15.4 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 510 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 12.8 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,032 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.8 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 58.7 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.5 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 103.1 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 51 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 148 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 56,685 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.2 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 85 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 61 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 90 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 68 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 36 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 81 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 17.3 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 15.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.0 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 5.2 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.6 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 171 Philippines Population (millions) 92 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 298 GDP ($ billions) 161.2 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,790 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,829 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 65.7 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.6 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 40 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,211 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 131 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 598 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.7 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.5 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.9 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 39 Threatened species, birds 72 Threatened species, fish 65 Threatened species, higher plants 222 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 32.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.1 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 455 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.6 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 588 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 66.1 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.2 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 59.2 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 76 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,399 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 16.5 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 83 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 87 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 93 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 76 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 69 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 80 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 7.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 33 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 35.0 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.5 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 28.0 33.1 26.2 172 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 38 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Poland 304 GDP ($ billions) 430.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,260 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 9,431 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 61.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 53 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,647 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 111 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 117 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 30.7 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 21.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 6 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.4 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,567 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,732 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 95.7 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 1.4 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.3 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –8.8 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 391 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,406 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 24.5 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 10 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 99 Rural (% of rural population) 80 98 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.2 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.7 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 173 Portugal Population (millions) 11 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 91 GDP ($ billions) 232.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 21,910 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 17,505 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 60.1 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,625 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 95 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 410 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.8 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.9 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 47 Threatened species, higher plants 21 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 5.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.7 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,274 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 13.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,822 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.2 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.5 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 31.2 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 579 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,582 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 31.3 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.4 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 17.2 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.8 5.2 174 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Puerto Rico 4.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8.9 GDP ($ billions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 98.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.3 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 21 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 94 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 111 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 62.2 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –2.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 53 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 4.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,801 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 14.0 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 7 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 175 Qatar Population (millions) 1.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11.6 GDP ($ billions) 98.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 95.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 6.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 6 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 77 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 430 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.7 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.5 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 18,830 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 15,682 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 55.4 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 435.5 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,245 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 49 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 471.4 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 59 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7.8 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 8.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 11 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 176 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 21 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Romania 230 GDP ($ billions) 161.1 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,330 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 6,677 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 54.4 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.3 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 59 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 7,991 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 107 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 113 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.6 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 7.1 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.4 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,830 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.3 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,488 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 56.2 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 26.5 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.4 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –40.7 –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 12 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 216 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,963 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 21.7 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) .. 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 72 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 54 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 88 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 28.4 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.2 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.8 1.4 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 177 Russian Federation Population (millions) 142 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 16,377 GDP ($ billions) 1,231.9 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 9,340 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 6,165 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 72.8 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.3 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 13 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,955 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 130 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 32 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 49.4 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.0 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 32 Threatened species, birds 18 Threatened species, fish 35 Threatened species, higher plants 8 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 34.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.1 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,838 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.9 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,435 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 68.1 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.9 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.8 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.8 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 318 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30,352 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.5 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 89 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 87 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 70 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 93 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.4 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 13.8 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –0.8 1.4 3.9 178 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 10.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Rwanda 24.7 GDP ($ billions) 5.2 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 490 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 449 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 18.6 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 8.3 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 82 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 218 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 134 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 615 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 17.6 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –1.0 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.08 0.45 0.28 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.08 0.85 0.28 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 4.8 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 26 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,005 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 65 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 62 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 77 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 54 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 55 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 50 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 17.1 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 14.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 111 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.2 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.4 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.8 –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 179 Samoa Population (thousands) 179 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3 GDP ($ millions) 496 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,840 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,406 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 23.2 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,123 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 113 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 551 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 60.4 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.9 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.4 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 29.4 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 87 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 90 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 100 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 100 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 25 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.4 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 180 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 31 Land area (sq. km) San Marino60 GDP ($ billions) 1.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 50,670 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 94.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) .. 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 17 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 179 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 8 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 2 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 181 São Tomé and Príncipe Population (thousands) 163 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.0 GDP ($ millions) 191 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,130 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,103 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 61.4 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.6 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 57 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 111 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 702 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.1 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 35 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 94.4 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,829 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.3 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 88 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 89 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 26 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 19 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 30 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 5.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 78 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 26.2 182 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Saudi Arabia 25 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,000 GDP ($ billions) 375.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 17,210 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 8,679 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 82.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 87 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 19,352 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 124 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 126 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.5 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 31.3 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 22 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.3 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,514 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,527 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.8 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 16.6 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 87.1 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 104 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,279 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 99 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 943.3 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 97 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8.8 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 9.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.5 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.1 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 28.9 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –3.9 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 183 Senegal Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 193 GDP ($ billions) 12.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,040 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 931 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 42.6 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.1 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 235 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 134 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 201 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 44.0 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 24.1 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 41 Threatened species, higher plants 9 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.1 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 234 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 41.7 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 158 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 87.5 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 9.5 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 72.1 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 81 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 57 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,169 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 8.6 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 93 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 52 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 92 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 51 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 38 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 69 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 15.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 93 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 26.2 184 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 7.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Serbia 88.4 GDP ($ billions) 43.0 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,000 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 52.2 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.0 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 57 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 107 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 30.7 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.5 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.0 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.7 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,181 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.0 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,284 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 74.0 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 26.0 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 251 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 98 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 88 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 96 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.5 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.4 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 185 Seychelles Population (thousands) 88 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.5 GDP ($ millions) 764 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,480 1,125 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 6,439 861 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 54.8 36.9 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.8 4.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 9 45 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 691 314 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 38 130 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 3,970 356 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 89.1 28.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 42.0 11.7 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 45 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.3 0.8 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 448.4 46.1 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 49 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,826 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 3.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 7 87 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 60 95 Rural (% of rural population) .. 47 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 82 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 31 84 Rural (% of rural population) .. 24 67 Urban (% of urban population) 97 43 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 130 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.7 15.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.6 10.6 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.6 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 3.9 186 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Sierra Leone 5.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 71.6 GDP ($ billions) 1.9 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 340 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 305 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 38.1 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.5 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 329 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 201 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 193 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 38.1 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 17 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 48 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 237.7 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 38 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 29,518 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.3 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 49 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 26 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 86 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 13 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 6 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 24 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 25.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 192 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 8.0 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.8 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.7 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.2 –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 187 Singapore Population (millions) 5.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.7 GDP ($ billions) 182.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 37,220 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 30,870 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.6 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 49,867 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 132 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 0 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.9 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 57 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 12.5 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,828 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,185 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.8 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 15.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 494 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 131 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 188 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Slovak Republic 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48.1 GDP ($ billions) 87.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 16,130 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 13,541 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 56.7 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.1 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 40 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 8,919 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 97 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 170 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.2 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 23.5 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.1 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,385 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.7 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,268 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 25.9 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 14.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.8 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 379 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,334 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 29.9 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.0 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 19.8 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 189 Slovenia Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20.1 GDP ($ billions) 48.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 23,520 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 19,965 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 48.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.1 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 25 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 62,901 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 97 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 574 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 62.2 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 12.1 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 26 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 7.1 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,827 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.7 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,920 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 35.5 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 24.5 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.5 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 985 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,251 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.7 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.5 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.6 5.2 190 2011 The Little Green Data Book Solomon Islands Population (thousands) 523 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 657 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 910 3,163 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 683 2,807 453 Urban population (% of total) 18.3 45.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.2 3.4 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 3 48 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,981 550 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 119 135 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 2,618 657 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 79.1 29.6 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.2 –0.2 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.1 14.9 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 20 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 16 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 4.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 4.0 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 22.7 148.9 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 26 61 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 89,716 4,582 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 88 64 Rural (% of rural population) 65 81 56 Urban (% of urban population) 94 96 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 29 59 35 Rural (% of rural population) 18 54 32 Urban (% of urban population) 98 64 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 36 26 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.9 10.3 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 2.1 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 10.9 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.0 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.7 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 191 Somalia Population (millions) 9.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 627.3 GDP ($ millions) .. Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 1,125 523 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 861 29 Urban population (% of total) 37.0 36.9 3.5 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.9 4.0 2.2 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 70 45 38 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 314 318 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 104 130 125 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 567 356 666 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.8 28.0 24.7 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.7 0.3 0.7 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.6 11.7 11.9 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 26 Threatened species, higher plants 21 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 6.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 423 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 49.3 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 324 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 41.6 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 41.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.07 0.85 0.51 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 3,180.0 46.1 –6.0 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 49 65 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 37 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 687 4,826 5,004 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 55.0 3.2 9.4 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 87 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 30 60 67 Rural (% of rural population) 9 47 60 Urban (% of urban population) 67 82 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 23 31 38 Rural (% of rural population) 6 24 33 Urban (% of urban population) 52 43 52 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 23.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 180 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 25.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 7.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 3.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 7.5 7.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.6 1.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 10.7 192 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) South Africa 49 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,214 GDP ($ billions) 285.4 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,760 1,125 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,529 861 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 61.2 36.9 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.6 4.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 82 45 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,663 314 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 122 130 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 132 356 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 4.7 28.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.2 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.9 11.7 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 24 Threatened species, birds 39 Threatened species, fish 81 Threatened species, higher plants 97 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 20.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.5 3.2 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,756 678 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.4 57.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,759 531 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 94.3 66.2 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.5 17.2 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.0 0.4 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.0 0.8 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 30.0 46.1 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 49 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 293 57 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 928 4,826 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 27.9 3.2 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 63 87 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 60 95 Rural (% of rural population) 78 47 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 82 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 77 31 84 Rural (% of rural population) 65 24 67 Urban (% of urban population) 84 43 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 19.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 62 130 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.8 15.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 10.6 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.8 7.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.2 1.2 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.6 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.4 –1.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 193 Spain Population (millions) 46 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 499 GDP ($ billions) 1,460.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 32,120 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 26,787 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 77.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 56 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 20,824 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 97 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 83 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.4 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.9 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 8.6 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 62 Threatened species, higher plants 55 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 6.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.3 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,047 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.2 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,315 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 60.9 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 7.6 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.0 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 57.9 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 703 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,478 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 33.4 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 65 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.9 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.7 5.2 194 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 20 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Sri Lanka 63 GDP ($ billions) 42.0 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,990 1,107 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,841 952 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 15.1 29.8 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.2 2.7 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 55 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 903 494 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 120 123 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,369 633 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.7 17.1 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.8 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 20.8 6.1 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 30 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 41 Threatened species, higher plants 283 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 7.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.5 5.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 443 495 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 52.6 28.5 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 409 503 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 55.1 80.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 44.7 15.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.5 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 1.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 226.3 134.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 74 72 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 86 36 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,639 1,195 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 24.5 51.7 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 90 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 88 83 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 91 36 50 Rural (% of rural population) 92 27 41 Urban (% of urban population) 88 57 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 5.0 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 71 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.3 32.3 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.5 8.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 2.9 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.1 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.4 21.6 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 195 St. Kitts and Nevis Population (thousands) 50 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.3 GDP ($ millions) 545 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 10,150 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 32.4 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 20 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,862 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 65 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 832 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.3 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.6 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.1 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 277.8 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 17 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 492 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 99 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 96 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 96 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 7.8 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 3.9 196 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 172 Land area (1,000 sq. km) St. Lucia 0.6 GDP ($ millions) 946 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,190 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 27.9 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.1 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 18 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,637 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 90 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 4,094 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 77.0 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.3 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 16 Threatened species, higher plants 6 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.4 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 131.1 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 98 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 89 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 89 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 89 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 20 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) –3.2 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 197 St. Vincent & Grenadines Population (thousands) 109 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.4 GDP ($ millions) 583 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,130 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,563 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 47.4 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.9 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 26 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,777 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 92 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,156 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 69.2 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 10.9 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 16 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.8 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 150.0 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 93 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 96 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) .. 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) –2.8 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –8.8 6.8 3.9 198 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 42 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Sudan 2,376 GDP ($ billions) 54.7 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,220 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 861 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 44.3 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.0 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 891 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 119 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 113 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.4 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.3 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.9 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 18 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 5.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.3 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 372 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 68.0 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 96 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.6 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 32.4 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 107.3 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 159 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 54 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 742 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 123.8 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 57 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 52 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 64 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 34 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 18 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 55 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 5.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 29.4 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 108 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.5 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 11.1 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –7.1 –1.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 199 Suriname Population (thousands) 520 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 156 GDP ($ billions) 3.0 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,760 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 4,425 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 75.3 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.8 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 0 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,179 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 111 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 264 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 94.6 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.4 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 26 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.7 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.8 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 34.6 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 172,425 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.8 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 93 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 81 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 84 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 66 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 90 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 14.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 26 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 3.9 200 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Swaziland 17.2 GDP ($ billions) 3.0 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,470 1,125 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,178 861 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 25.2 36.9 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.2 4.0 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 71 45 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,154 314 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 115 130 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 492 356 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 32.7 28.0 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.6 0.3 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.0 11.7 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 4 Threatened species, higher plants 11 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 0.8 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 150.0 46.1 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 49 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,293 4,826 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 39.5 3.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 87 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 60 86 Rural (% of rural population) 61 47 81 Urban (% of urban population) 92 82 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 55 31 50 Rural (% of rural population) 53 24 41 Urban (% of urban population) 61 43 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 73 130 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 2.5 15.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 10.6 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.2 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –0.9 –1.8 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 201 Sweden Population (millions) 9.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410.3 GDP ($ billions) 406.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 48,840 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 38,426 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 84.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 8 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 49,548 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 100 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 54 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 68.7 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.3 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.4 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,379 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 20.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 14,869 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 2.1 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 46.1 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.4 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –4.8 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 11 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 844 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 18,692 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.6 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 9 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.6 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.3 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.0 5.2 202 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Switzerland 7.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40 GDP ($ billions) 491.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 65,430 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 56,928 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 73.5 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.8 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 25,618 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 104 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 497 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.0 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 22.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 10.9 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,491 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 8.1 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,307 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 1.3 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 53.7 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.0 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –11.6 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 754 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,350 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.5 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 2 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.0 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 21.6 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 203 Syrian Arab Republic Population (millions) 21 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 184 GDP ($ billions) 52.2 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,410 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 1,928 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 54.6 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.2 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 76 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,543 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 131 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 201 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.7 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.9 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.6 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 33 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.4 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 957 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,521 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 93.0 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 7.0 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.8 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.5 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 86.6 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 69 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 189 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 355 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 235.0 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 84 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 94 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 95 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 96 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 18.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 8.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.9 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 10.0 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 26.2 204 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Tajikistan 140.0 GDP ($ billions) 5.0 Europe & Central Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 700 6,793 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 649 4,892 453 Urban population (% of total) 26.5 64.0 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 0.2 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 34 28 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 525 3,011 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 162 126 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 681 148 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.9 38.6 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.0 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.1 7.4 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 14 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.7 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.8 3.6 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 365 3,030 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,072 4,052 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 1.9 67.5 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 98.1 16.4 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.7 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 7.2 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 43 24 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 15 228 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,855 12,913 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 18.0 7.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 63 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 70 95 64 Rural (% of rural population) 61 89 56 Urban (% of urban population) 94 98 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 94 89 35 Rural (% of rural population) 94 80 32 Urban (% of urban population) 95 94 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 1.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 61 21 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.4 19.8 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.9 11.7 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 8.7 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.2 1.4 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 205 Tanzania Population (millions) 44 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 886 GDP ($ billions) 21.4 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 500 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 444 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 26.0 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.5 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 281 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 134 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 330 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.7 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.7 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 27.7 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 35 Threatened species, birds 42 Threatened species, fish 172 Threatened species, higher plants 298 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 14.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.6 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 446 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 88.2 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 84 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.9 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 60.1 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 154.7 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 26 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,035 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.2 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 54 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 45 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 80 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 24 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 21 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 32 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8.1 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 12.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 108 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.1 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.3 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.3 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.5 –1.8 .. 206 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 68 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Thailand 511 GDP ($ billions) 263.8 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,760 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,213 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 33.7 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.7 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 705 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 126 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 296 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.1 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.1 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 19.6 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 57 Threatened species, birds 45 Threatened species, fish 72 Threatened species, higher plants 91 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 8.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.7 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,591 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.7 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,079 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 91.9 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 4.8 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.1 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 189.6 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 55 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 262 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,352 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 25.5 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 98 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 96 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 95 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 14 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.0 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.5 33.1 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 207 Timor-Leste Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 14.9 GDP ($ millions) 558 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,460 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 27.7 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.8 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 25 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 359 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 111 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 499 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 49.9 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.9 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.0 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.6 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,720 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 63 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 86 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 50 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 40 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 76 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 14.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 56 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 208 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 6.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Togo 54.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.9 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 440 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 384 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 42.7 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.6 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 67 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 394 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 132 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 152 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 5.3 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 2.9 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 11.3 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 10 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 1.9 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 397 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 83.1 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 99 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 24.4 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 74.0 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 70.1 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 45 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,825 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.5 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 60 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 41 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 87 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 12 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 3 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 24 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 31.1 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 98 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.0 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.3 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 209 Tonga Population (thousands) 104 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.7 GDP ($ millions) 311 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,260 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,762 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 25.0 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.0 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,559 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 108 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 519 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 12.5 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 -0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.5 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 10 Threatened species, higher plants 4 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.0 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.7 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 128.6 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 100 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 96 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 98 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 19 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.8 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 210 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Trinidad and Tobago 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.1 GDP ($ billions) 21.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 16,700 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 9,114 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 13.6 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.0 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,553 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 125 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 4,628 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 44.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.2 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 31.2 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 1.7 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 14,557 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,789 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.9 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.2 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 27.9 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 118.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 105 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 587 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,891 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 6.0 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 9 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 100 Rural (% of rural population) 93 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 99 Rural (% of rural population) 92 98 Urban (% of urban population) 92 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 3.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 35 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.9 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 28.2 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.4 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 211 Tunisia Population (millions) 10 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 155 GDP ($ billions) 39.6 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,720 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 3,023 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 66.9 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.1 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 64 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,498 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 115 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 122 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.5 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –1.5 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.3 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 31 Threatened species, higher plants 7 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.3 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 889 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 13.6 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,298 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.5 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.2 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 79.9 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 26 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 151 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 410 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 67.6 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 84 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 99 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 85 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 64 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 96 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 5.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.1 .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.0 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.7 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.5 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.6 .. 26.2 212 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 75 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Turkey 770 GDP ($ billions) 614.6 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,720 6,793 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 7,144 4,892 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 69.1 64.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.3 0.2 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 51 28 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,326 3,011 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 119 126 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 107 148 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 14.7 38.6 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.5 0.0 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 1.9 7.4 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 17 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 67 Threatened species, higher plants 5 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 6.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 8.9 3.6 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,333 3,030 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.9 1.7 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,308 4,052 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 82.6 67.5 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.8 16.4 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.7 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.0 7.2 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 91.4 –31.3 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 37 24 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 181 228 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,109 12,913 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 17.7 7.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 63 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 95 95 Rural (% of rural population) 96 89 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 89 84 Rural (% of rural population) 75 80 67 Urban (% of urban population) 97 94 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 29.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 29.7 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 20 21 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.0 19.8 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 3.6 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 8.7 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.9 1.4 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 213 Turkmenistan Population (millions) 5.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 469.9 GDP ($ billions) 19.9 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,420 6,793 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 4,892 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 49.1 64.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.2 0.2 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 69 28 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,677 3,011 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 137 126 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 140 148 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 8.8 38.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.0 7.4 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 3 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 1.7 3.6 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,730 3,030 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,273 4,052 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 67.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.6 0.7 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.2 7.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 65 24 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 191 228 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 273 12,913 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1,831.6 7.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 63 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 95 86 Rural (% of rural population) 72 89 81 Urban (% of urban population) 97 98 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 89 50 Rural (% of rural population) 97 80 41 Urban (% of urban population) 99 94 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 1.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 3.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 45 21 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.8 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 30.4 8.7 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 2.1 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.2 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.4 26.2 214 2011 The Little Green Data Book Turks and Caicos Islands Population (thousands) 33 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.0 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 93.3 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 6.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) .. 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 271 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 35.8 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 42.9 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 2 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) .. Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.9 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 22.2 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 99 Rural (% of rural population) 94 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 215 Tuvalu Population (thousands) 10 Land area (sq. km) 30 GDP ($ millions) .. Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 49.9 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) .. 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 60 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 114 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) .. 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.3 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.4 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 97 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 84 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 81 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 88 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 35 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 216 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 33 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Uganda 197 GDP ($ billions) 16.0 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 460 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 423 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 13.1 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.1 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 66 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 202 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 112 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 488 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 15.2 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.5 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 9.7 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 22 Threatened species, birds 19 Threatened species, fish 61 Threatened species, higher plants 41 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 291.9 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 12 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,273 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 0.8 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 36 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 67 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 64 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 91 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 48 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 49 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 38 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 22.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 19.6 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 128 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.9 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 4.7 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.6 –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 217 Ukraine Population (millions) 46 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 579 GDP ($ billions) 113.5 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,800 6,793 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,077 4,892 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 68.0 64.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) –0.5 0.2 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 71 28 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,394 3,011 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 123 126 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 46 148 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 16.8 38.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 0.0 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 3.5 7.4 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.3 3.6 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,943 3,030 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.7 1.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,534 4,052 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 47.4 67.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.9 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.0 0.7 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.8 7.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 24 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 177 228 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,142 12,913 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 72.5 7.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 51 63 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 95 86 Rural (% of rural population) 97 89 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 89 50 Rural (% of rural population) 90 80 41 Urban (% of urban population) 97 94 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 21 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.9 19.8 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.9 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.9 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.8 8.7 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 2.4 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.6 1.4 26.2 218 2011 The Little Green Data Book United Arab Emirates Population (millions) 4.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 83.6 GDP ($ billions) 230.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 77.9 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 30,334 25,066 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 45 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,526 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 3.8 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) -0.9 -0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 5.6 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 4.2 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 13,030 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 16,891 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.6 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 31.0 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 147.3 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 89 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,884 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 34 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2,032.0 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 83 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 99 Rural (% of rural population) 95 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 6.2 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 8.8 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 219 United Kingdom Population (millions) 62 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 242 GDP ($ billions) 2,174.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 41,370 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 30,590 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 90.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 73 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 27,403 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 98 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 103 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.9 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.3 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 24.4 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 41 Threatened species, higher plants 14 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.5 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 10.0 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,395 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.2 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,061 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 80.3 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 1.3 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.3 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.8 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –5.4 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 641 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,378 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 10.0 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 2 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.0 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.5 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.2 5.2 220 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) United States 307 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,147 GDP ($ billions) 14,119.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 46,360 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 38,762 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 82.0 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.5 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 46,102 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 115 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 33 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.2 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.1 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 14.8 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 37 Threatened species, birds 74 Threatened species, fish 177 Threatened species, higher plants 245 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 94.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.8 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 7,503 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.7 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 13,654 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 71.4 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.9 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 19.3 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 20.0 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,703 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,344 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 17.0 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 40 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 94 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 99 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 9.8 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.3 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –0.8 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 221 Uruguay Population (millions) 3.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 175.0 GDP ($ billions) 31.5 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 9,010 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 8,062 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 92.4 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.6 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 85 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 8,835 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 144 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 16 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.0 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –2.2 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.3 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 23 Threatened species, fish 35 Threatened species, higher plants 1 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 9.3 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,254 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 23.9 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,393 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.1 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 51.4 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.9 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 55.7 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 160 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 259 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 17,750 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 5.3 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 96 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 99 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 100 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 13 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.5 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.1 6.8 3.9 222 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 28 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Uzbekistan 425 GDP ($ billions) 32.1 Europe & Central Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,100 6,793 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 864 4,892 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 36.9 64.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 1.1 0.2 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 63 28 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,445 3,011 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 155 126 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 401 148 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 7.7 38.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –0.2 0.0 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 2.3 7.4 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 7 Threatened species, higher plants 15 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 1.3 3.6 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,849 3,030 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 1.7 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,646 4,052 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 77.0 67.5 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 23.0 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 1.9 0.7 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.3 7.2 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. –31.3 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 40 24 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 63 228 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 608 12,913 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 364.8 7.0 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 63 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 95 86 Rural (% of rural population) 81 89 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 89 50 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 41 Urban (% of urban population) 100 94 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 0.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 5.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 36 21 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 19.8 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 11.7 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 9.4 3.6 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 17.8 8.7 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 3.2 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 1.4 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 223 Vanuatu Population (thousands) 240 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12 GDP ($ millions) 648 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,620 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 2,343 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 25.2 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.1 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 15 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,935 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 108 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 880 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.1 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 4.3 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 10 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 2.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.1 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 47.4 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 79 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 96 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 52 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 48 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 66 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 33.1 26.2 224 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Venezuela, RB 28 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 882 GDP ($ billions) 326.1 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 10,090 7,007 7,502 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 8,888 5,725 5,773 Urban population (% of total) 93.7 79.0 74.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.5 2.0 1.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 24 35 30 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 8,036 3,542 3,671 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 122 131 129 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 69 245 153 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.5 47.0 37.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.4 0.3 0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 53.7 20.8 13.0 Threatened species, mammals 32 Threatened species, birds 27 Threatened species, fish 34 Threatened species, higher plants 70 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 25.3 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 5.1 7.7 5.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,295 1,290 2,177 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.8 16.8 6.8 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,074 1,907 3,001 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 27.2 38.7 64.7 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 72.8 55.3 26.4 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.3 0.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.0 2.7 5.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 35.5 51.2 3.8 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 9 32 31 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 553 302 320 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 26,285 24,000 18,143 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 1.3 2.0 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 44 71 65 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 93 95 Rural (% of rural population) 75 80 86 Urban (% of urban population) 94 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 91 79 84 Rural (% of rural population) 57 54 67 Urban (% of urban population) 94 86 90 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 23 22 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.8 19.5 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.2 11.7 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 4.4 4.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.5 3.5 6.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 1.3 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.2 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.9 6.8 3.9 The Little Green Data Book 2011 225 Vietnam Population (millions) 87 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 97.2 East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,000 3,163 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 805 2,807 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 28.3 45.0 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 3.2 3.4 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 32 48 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 354 550 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 138 135 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 987 657 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 44.5 29.6 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) –1.3 –0.2 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 6.2 14.9 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 54 Threatened species, birds 40 Threatened species, fish 46 Threatened species, higher plants 146 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 12.1 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 3.7 3.8 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 689 1,380 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 41.8 12.4 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 799 1,972 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 64.4 80.3 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 35.6 16.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.5 0.8 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.3 4.0 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 420.3 148.9 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 53 61 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 90 97 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,221 4,582 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 22.8 10.2 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 95 74 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 88 86 Rural (% of rural population) 92 81 81 Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 75 59 50 Rural (% of rural population) 67 54 41 Urban (% of urban population) 94 64 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 20.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 11.3 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 24 26 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.3 46.5 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.8 10.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 2.1 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 7.0 3.3 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 1.0 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.6 33.1 26.2 226 2011 The Little Green Data Book Virgin Islands (U.S.) Population (thousands) 110 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 0.4 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 37,990 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 31,467 Urban population (% of total) 95.1 77.3 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 0.7 1.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 25,774 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 101 106 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 565 331 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 57.1 28.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.6 –0.1 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 15.2 13.4 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 12 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 0.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 6.6 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,131 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 3.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,518 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.3 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 12.5 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 17.9 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 24 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 964 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 9,031 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) .. 10.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 5 42 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 99 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 7 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 16.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 14.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.9 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 5.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 227 West Bank and Gaza Population (millions) 4.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 6.0 GDP ($ billions) .. Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 72.0 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 4.1 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 61 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 102 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,095 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.5 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) .. 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 0 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) .. Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 212 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 51.5 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 91 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 91 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 89 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 84 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 91 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 17.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 30 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 26.2 228 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Yemen, Rep. 24 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 528 GDP ($ billions) 26.4 Middle East & Low- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,060 3,597 2,321 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 822 2,859 2,028 Urban population (% of total) 31.2 57.6 40.9 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 5.5 2.6 3.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 23 50 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 470 2,896 588 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 144 132 131 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 1,243 818 591 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.0 2.4 25.9 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 0.5 4.0 11.5 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 159 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.2 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 6.8 4.7 4.0 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 326 1,329 1,019 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.0 1.1 16.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 220 1,494 1,318 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 94.1 78.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 4.4 16.8 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.4 0.6 0.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 3.7 2.8 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) .. 103.4 117.7 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 67 71 63 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 90 259 78 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 94 709 2,936 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 161.4 122.3 17.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 86 81 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 62 87 86 Rural (% of rural population) 57 80 81 Urban (% of urban population) 72 95 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 52 84 50 Rural (% of rural population) 33 76 41 Urban (% of urban population) 94 92 63 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 24.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 27.5 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 66 33 57 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. .. 39.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.0 10.4 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.3 2.4 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 13.2 14.5 4.0 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.4 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 1.0 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. .. 26.2 The Little Green Data Book 2011 229 Zambia Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 743 GDP ($ billions) 12.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 960 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) 696 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 35.6 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.0 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 220 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 135 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 346 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 66.5 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 0.2 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 36.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 9 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 3.8 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) 2.1 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 583 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 81.0 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 602 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.3 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.7 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) 0.2 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) 10.0 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 39 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 10 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,513 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 2.2 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 60 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 46 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 87 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 49 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 43 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 59 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 15.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 21.2 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 141 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.3 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.3 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.3 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 11.5 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.4 –1.8 .. 230 2011 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 13 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Zimbabwe 387 GDP ($ billions) 5.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 360 1,125 509 Adjusted Net National Income per capita ($) .. 861 453 Urban population (% of total) 37.8 36.9 28.7 Urban population growth (average annual %, 1990-2009) 2.3 4.0 3.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 41 45 37 Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 116 314 280 Food production index (1999-2001=100) 82 130 134 Population density, rural (people/ sq. km of arable land) 209 356 642 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.4 28.0 28.2 Deforestation (average annual %, 1990-2010) 1.2 0.3 0.4 Nationally terrestrial protected area (% of land area) 28.0 11.7 11.2 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 16 GEF benefits index for biodiversity (0-100, median is 1.5) 1.9 Energy GDP per unit of energy use (2005 PPP $/kg oil equivalent) .. 3.2 3.2 Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 763 678 357 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 65.3 57.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,022 531 231 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 46.6 66.2 28.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 53.4 17.2 48.9 Emissions and pollution CO2 emissions per unit of GDP (kg/2005 PPP $) .. 0.4 0.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 0.8 0.3 CO2 emissions growth (%, 1990–2007) –37.9 46.1 –36.2 Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 40 49 60 Road sector energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 27 57 19 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 985 4,826 5,606 Freshwater withdrawal Total (% of internal resources) 34.3 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 87 93 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 60 64 Rural (% of rural population) 72 47 56 Urban (% of urban population) 99 82 85 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 44 31 35 Rural (% of rural population) 37 24 32 Urban (% of urban population) 56 43 44 Environment and health Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 16.0 Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13.9 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 90 130 118 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 15.5 .. Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.6 7.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 3.6 3.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.2 7.5 1.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 1.2 1.3 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.4 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.6 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.8 .. The Little Green Data Book 2011 231 Glossary Access to improved sanitation is the percentage of population with adequate access to excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toi- lets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. (World Health Organization; data are for 2009) Access to improved water source is the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as piped water into a dwelling, plot, or yard; public tap or standpipe; tube-well or borehole; protected dug well or spring; or rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include an unprotected dug well or spring, cart with small tank or drum, bottled water, and tanker trucks. Reasonable access to an adequate amount means the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within 1 kilometer of the dwelling. (World Health Organization; data are for 2009) Acute respiratory infection prevalence is the percentage of children under age five with acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 1998–2005) Adjusted net national income equals gross national income minus consump- tion of fixed capital, energy depletion, mineral depletion, and net forest depletion. (World Bank; data are for 2009) Adjusted net savings equal gross savings minus consumption of fixed capital, plus education expenditures, minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and particulate emissions and carbon dioxide damage. (World Bank; data are for 2009) Agricultural land is arable land, land under permanent crops, and permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as land under temporary crops (double- cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, cof- fee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2009) Agricultural productivity is the ratio of agricultural value added, measured in 2000 U.S. dollars, to the number of workers in agriculture. Agricultural productivity is measured by value added per unit of input. Agricultural value added includes that from forestry and fishing. Thus interpretations of land productivity should be made with caution. (See World Bank 2011 for details; data are for 2009) The Little Green Data Book 2011 233 Glossary Carbon dioxide (CO2) damage is estimated at $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2009) Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions growth is the cumulative percentage change in emissions stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. Emissions include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center; data are for 1990–2007) Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita are carbon dioxide emissions divided by midyear population. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, World Bank, and United Nations; data are for 2007) Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per unit of GDP are carbon dioxide emis- sions in kilograms per unit of GDP in 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) terms. PPP GDP is gross domestic product converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dollar has in the United States. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center and World Bank; data are for 2007) Consumption of fixed capital is the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2009 from the most recent year available) Deforestation is the permanent conversion of natural forest area to other uses, including shifting cultivation, permanent agriculture, ranching, settle- ments, and infrastructure development. Deforested areas do not include areas logged but intended for regeneration or areas degraded by fuel-wood gathering, acid precipitation, or forest fires. Negative numbers indicate an increase in forest areas. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 1990–2010) Diarrhea prevalence is the percentage of children under age five who had diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 1998–2005) Education expenditure is public current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2009 from the most recent year available) Electricity generated using fossil fuel is use of coal, oil, and gas as a per- centage of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2009) Electricity generated by hydropower is use of hydropower as a percentage of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2009) Electric power consumption per capita is the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants, minus transmission, distribution, and 234 2011 The Little Green Data Book transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants plus imports minus exports divided by midyear population. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2009) Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal. (See World Bank 2011 for details; data are for 2009) Energy from biomass products and waste is energy from solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste as a percent- age of total energy use. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2009) Energy use per capita refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2009) Food production index indicates the relative level of net food production compared with the base period 1999–2001. It covers food crops that are considered edible and that contain nutrients. Coffee and tea are excluded because, although edible, they have no nutritive value (See the Food and Agriculture Organization’s Production Yearbook for details; data are for 2009) Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether produc- tive or not. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2010) Freshwater withdrawal, agriculture, is withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production as a percentage of total freshwater withdrawal. (World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2011, Primary data documentation.) Freshwater withdrawal, total, is total water withdrawal, excluding evapora- tion losses from storage basins and including water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of internal renewable resources because river flows from other countries are not included, because extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable, or because there is significant water reuse. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2011, Primary data documentation.) GDP is gross domestic product and measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. GDP at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2009) The Little Green Data Book 2011 235 Glossary GDP per unit of energy use is 2005 gross domestic product (GDP) in pur- chasing power parity (PPP) terms per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. PPP GDP is GDP converted to international dollars using PPP rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GDP that a U.S. dol- lar has in the United States. (International Energy Agency and World Bank; data are for 2009) GEF benefits index for biodiversity is a composite index of relative biodiver- sity potential for each country developed by the Global Environment Facility, based on the species represented in each country, their threat status, and the diversity of habitat types in each country. The index shown in the tables has been normalized so that values run from 0 (no biodiversity potential) to 100 (maximum biodiversity potential) (World Bank; estimates are for 2009) GNI per capita is gross national income (GNI) divided by midyear population. GNI is gross domestic product plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from abroad. GNI per capita is in cur- rent U.S. dollars, converted using the World Bank Atlas method (see World Development Indicators 2011, Statistical methods). (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2009) Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total con- sumption, plus net transfers. (World Bank and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; data are for 2009) Internal freshwater resources per capita are internal renewable resources, which include flows of rivers and groundwater from rainfall in the country but excludes river flows from other countries, divided by midyear population. (Refers to data reported to the Food and Agriculture Organization as of 2007) Land area is a country’s total land area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2009) Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, gold, silver, and zinc. (See World Bank 2011 for details; data are for 2009) Nationally protected area is totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated as national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves or wildlife sanctuaries; protected landscapes and seascapes; and scientific reserves. It includes World Conservation Union–protected area categories I–VI. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre; data are for the most recent year available) Net forest depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the excess of round-wood harvest over natural growth. If growth exceeds harvest, this figure is zero. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank estimates of natural growth; data are for 2009) 236 2011 The Little Green Data Book Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to reduce the risk of illness and death attributable to particulate emissions. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2009) Particulate matter is fine suspended particulates of less than 10 microns in diameter that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing damage. The indicator is the population-weighted average of all cities in the country with a population greater than 100,000. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2009) Population includes all residents who are present regardless of legal status or citizenship except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. (United Nations; data are midyear estimates for 2009) Population density, rural, is rural population divided by arable land area. Rural population is estimated as the difference between the total population and urban population. (See urban population; data are for 2009) Threatened species, birds, are the number of species of birds classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2010) Threatened species, fish, are the number of species of fish—cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates of the superclass Pisces—classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2010) Threatened species, higher plants, are the number of native vascular plant species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indetermi- nate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2010) Threatened species, mammals, are the number of species of mammals— excluding whales and porpoises—classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2010) Readsector energy use per capita is the total energy consumption in the road sector divided by midyear population (International Energy Agency 2010; data are for 2009). Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. (United Nations and United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for 2009) Urban population is the share of the midyear population living in areas defined as urban in each country (United Nations; data are for 2009) Urban population growth is the exponential change in urban population for the period indicated. (United Nations; data are for 1990–2009) The Little Green Data Book 2011 237 References World Bank 2011a. The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank. ———. 2011b. World Development Indicators 2011. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. The Little Green Data Book 2011 239 1818 H Street N.W. 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