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                                                                                     Sub-
Ke y D e v e lo pm e nt Indic a t o rs                                            Saharan         Lo w
                                                                   M adagascar      A frica    inco me             Age distribution, 2008
(2 0 0 9 )
                                                                                                                                Male                  Female

P o pulatio n, mid-year (millio ns)                                       19.6        81 9         828             75-79
Surface area (tho usand sq. km)                                           587      24,242       17,838
                                                                                                                   60-64
P o pulatio n gro wth (%)                                                  2.7         2.5          2.2
Urban po pulatio n (% o f to tal po pulatio n)                            30           36           28             45-49

                                                                                                                   30-34
GNI (A tlas metho d, US$ billio ns)                                         8.5        887            379
                                                                                                                   15-19
GNI per capita (A tlas metho d, US$ )                                      430       1,082            457
GNI per capita (P P P , internatio nal $ )                              1,050        1,973            ,1
                                                                                                     1 37           0-4

                                                                                                                           10     5          0         5          10
GDP gro wth (%)                                                           -3.7         5.2            6.2
                                                                                                                                percent of total population
GDP per capita gro wth (%)                                                -6.2         2.7            3.9

(m o s t re c e nt e s tim a t e , 2 0 0 3 – 2 0 0 9 )
                                                                                                               Growth of GDP and GDP per capita (%)
                                  .25
P o verty headco unt ratio at $ 1 a day (P P P , %)                         68          51             ..
P o verty headco unt ratio at $ 2.00 a day (P P P , %)                      90          73             ..          15
Life expectancy at birth (years)                                            60          52            57
                                                                                                                   10
Infant mo rtality (per 1,000 live births)                                   48          83            77
                                                                                                                    5
Child malnutritio n (% o f children under 5)                                37          25            28
                                                                                                                    0
                                                                                                                   -5
                                   5
A dult literacy, male (% o f ages 1 and o lder)                             77          72             73
                                                                                                               -10
                                     5
A dult literacy, female (% o f ages 1 and o lder)                           65          54             59
                                                                                                               -15
Gro ss primary enro llment, male (% o f age gro up)                        1 31        105            107
                                                                                                               -20
Gro ss primary enro llment, female (% o f age gro up)                      129          95            100
                                                                                                                                  95                       05

A ccess to an impro ved water so urce (% o f po pulatio n)                  47          60            64
A ccess to impro ved sanitatio n facilities (% o f po pulatio n)            12          31            35                        GDP              GDP per capita




                                                                                              10.9          11.2
                                                                                               5.7          48.2
                                                                                              21.3          21.4
                                                                                              -4.3          37.7