Report No. 4366-TH FILE COPY Thailand Managinlg Public Resources for Structural Adjustmeni (In Two Volumes) Volume 11 Annexes 1-4 Statistical Appendix August 31, 1983 Country Programs Department East Asia and Pacific Regional Office FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Document of the WVorld Bank This document has a restricted distnbution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS As of July 15, Iq8t 1 Baht = US$0.043 23 Baht = US$1.00 FISCAL YEAR October 1 to September 30 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES bpd = Barrels per day 1MSCFD = Million standard cubic feet per day tcf = Trillion cubic feet Mt = Metric ton bbl = Barrels (approx. 6.6 barrels per ton fuel oil) Btu = British Thermal Unit (equal to 0.25 kcals) TOE = Tons oil equivalent = 10.2 x 106 kcals - 40.5 x 1O6 1-tus = 4.0 x 103 rwh of primary electricity at thermal replacement value = 40.92 x 10' cubic feet natural gas = 4.03 tons of lignite . rai = 0.40 acres I acre = 0.41 hectares (ha) FOR OMCIAL USE ONLY THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT VOLUME II Table of Contents Page No. ANNEX 1 - Shadow Prices for Economic Analysis of Projects . . . 1 ANNEX 2 - Land Availability: Background Information . . . . . . 9 ANNEX 3 - Background Data on Public Expenditure Programs . , , . 15 ANNEX 4 - List of World Bank Reports on Thailand: 1'81-83 . .. . . 39 STATISTICAL APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Tbis document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their oicial duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. t . . ANNEX 1 Page 1 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Shadow Prices for Economic Analy,sis of l?rojects 1. As part of the preparation of this Economic ]Report a review of recent studies on shadow prices was carried out and a new set of shadow prices (conversion factors) was estimated./l This Appendix summarizes the findings of this work. Earlier Shadow Pricing Studies for Thailand 2. Three shadow pricing studies for ThaiLland were published in the mid-1970s. Th.eir results are shown in Table 1. In the Lower Mekong Basin Study, the Standard Conversion Factor (SCF) was; derived as a weighted average of a large number of conversion factors for traded and non-traded goods, whereas in the Bruce Study the SCF is based entirely on traded goods. The main reason for the differences between alternmtives 1 and 2 in the Bruce Study lies in the number of years used to average trade data in the derivation of conversion factors, ranging from 5 to 8 years for alternative 1, and 3 to 5 years for alternative 2./2 The differences between Bruce's results and Mekong results are partly explained by differences in time period, by the fact that the latter study involved a higher level of disaggregation, and, for the SCF, the inclusion of non-traded goods in the Mekong study. The high value of the conversion factor for electricity derived in the hekong stud.y appears implausible, since it overestimated the border price value of "profit and other value added" component of the input-output coefficient structure of electricity by using a conversion factor greater than unity. If this compo- nent is converted into border price terms by applying the SCF, the conversion factor for electricity falls dramatically to 0.776. 3. In McCleary's work, the ratio of the shadow exchange rate to the official exchange rate, obtained as a weighted average of the effective tariff rates on imports and tax rates on exports, was estimat:ed as 1.15. The inverse of this ratio, which is identical to the SCF is, therefore, very close to Bruce's estimate. The significant difference in the marginal productivity of capital (q) estimates is explained by the fact that while McCleary estimated /1 Sadiq Ahmed, "Shadow Prices for Economic Appraisal of Projects in Thailand."' East Asia and Pacific Programsi Department, The 'World Bank, October 1982. /2 Bruce also reported the results of the Mekong Study as a third alternative in his own work. -2- ANNEX 1 Page 2 Table 1: SUMMARY OF CONVERSION FACTORS DERIVED IN EARLIER STUDIES Bruce Study a Lower Mekong McCleary Alt. Alt. Basin Study /b Study /c 1 2 Standard Conversion Factor (SCF) 0.92 0.88 0.79 0.87 Consumption Goods Conver- sion Factor (CGCF) 0.88 0.92 0.96 n.a. Intermediate Goods Conver- sion Factor (IGCF) n.a. n.a. 0.86 n.a. Capital Goods Conversion Factor (KGCF) 0.94 0.87 0.82 n.a. Construction Conversion Factor (CCF) n.a. n.a. 0.74 n.a. Electricity Conversion Factor (ECF) 0.93 0.87 1.28 n.a. Labor Conversion Factor for Unskilled Workers (LCF) n.a. n.a. 0.38 0.91-1.15 Marginal Productivity of Capital (Z) 0.15 0.15 n.a. 0.23 Rice Conversion Factor (RCF) n.a. n.a. 1.48 n.a. S6urces: /a Collin Bruce, Social Cost-Benefit Analysis: A Guide for Country and Project Economists to the Derivation and Application of Economic and Social Accounting Prices. World Bank Staff Working Paper, No. 239, 1976. /b UN ESCAP, Guidelines for the Economic Appraisal of Projects in the Lower Mekong Basin, Vol. II: Calculation of Conversion Factors for Thailand. Bangkok 1975 (Draft). /c W.A. McCleary, Equipment Versus Employment: A Social Cost-Benefit Analysis of Alternative Techniques of Feeder Road Construction of Thailand. ILO, Geneva, 1976. ANNEX 1 3 Page 3 by using various sources of information on capital productivity, Bruce simply assumed a value for q. The results for the latbor conversion factor (LCF) obtained by 4ecCleary and the Lower Mekong Bas:Ln study are not directly comparable because they are based on differenlt methodologies. The Mekong study assumed significant labor market imperfections while McCleary took the view that labor market imperfections are small. Conversion Factors Used in World Bank Reports for Thailand 4. Table 2 summarizes information on t'he use of conversion factors in World Bank reports. A majority of apprais,al reports used the Mekong study estimate of SCF = 0.79 and CGCF = 0.96. The values of 0.91 and 0.92 for SCF used in some of the reports are consistent with Bruce's AlternaLtive 1, but were justified in the reports on the grounds that the exchange rate is over- valued by 9-1.0%. In estimating the shadow wage for unskilled labor some appraisal reports assumed efficient labor markets and. set the LCF equal to the CGCF. Others assumed that labor markets are imperfect and therefore derived LCF in the range of 0.4 to 0.5. The estimate reportetd in Staff Working Paper No. 385, which reported LCF exceeding unity, assumed tha1: the marginal productivity of labor in agriculture is underestimated by the market wage rate due to the divergence between the world price of rice and the domestic price of rice as a result of the Thai government's rice trade policy, The reasons for variations in the estimates of the conversion factor for r:ice (RCF) in World Bank reports include differences in the type of adjustmelits made, and in the timing oE the calculations. Some reports, furthermore, did not consider the effect of the reserve requirement and therefore obtained a low value for RCF. All reports implicitly assumed that Thailand fatces a perfectly elastic demand for rice. The opportunity cost of capital traditonally used as cut-off rate in World Bank appraisal reports for Thailand has been 12%. Results of the Ahmed Study 5. The Ahmed study utilizes the Squire-van der Tak methodology of shadow price estimation /1 and is based on historicaL data through 1980. The study estimated efficiency and social prices -- the latter allowing for explicit consideration of the Government's inicome distribution and growth objective. Only the efficiency price estimal:es are summarized in this Annex. The central values of the conversion factors esitmated by Almed and their sensitivity range are shown in TabLe 3. /1 Lyn Squire and H.G. van der Tak. Economic Analysis of Projects. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1975. ANNEX 1 - 4 - Page 4 Table 2: SUMMARY OF CONVERSION FACTORS USED IN VARIOUS WORLD BANK APPRAISAL REPORTS Bank Report No. Date CGFC SCF LCF F'CF (unskilled) No. 867-TH March 1976 - 0.91 1.00 - No. 1412a-TH June 1977 0.96 0.79 0.40 1.27 No. 1530-TH September 1977 - - 0.50 - No. 1901-TH October 1978 0.96 0.79 0.50 1.19 No. 2269-TH May 1979 - 0.92 0.90 1.36 No. 2568a-TH October 1979 - 0.91 0.50 - No. 2622-TH November 1979 0.96 0.79 0.96 - No. 2704-TH February 1980 - 0.92 0.90 1.40 No. 3223-TH January 1981 - 0.79 0.96 No. 3277-TH June 1981 0.96 0.79 0.96 1.41 No. 3040a-TH July 1981 0.96 0.79 0.96 Staff Working Paper No. 385 April 1980 - - 1.16 1.68 Table 3: SUMMARY OF COUNTRY PARAMETERS FOR THAILAND (1980) Central Sensitivity Efficiency Pricing Parameters value range Standard Conversion Factor (SCF) 0.92 0.91 - 0.94 Consumption Goods Conversion Factor (CGCF) 0.95 0.77 - 0.98 Intermediate Goods Conversion Factor (IGCF) 0.94 0.90 - 1.09 Capital Goods Conversion Factor (KGCF) 0.84 0.83 - 0.96 Construction Conversion Factor (CCF) 0.88 0.86 - 0.92 Electricity Conversion Factor (ECF) 0.90 0.88 - 0.93 Transportation Conversion Factor (TCF) 0.87 0.85 - 0.90 Labor Conversion Factor (LCF) 0.92 0.91 - 0.94 Marginal Productivity of Capital (q) 0.16 0.12 - 0.20 Rice Conversion Factor (RCF) 1.11 0.92 - 1.49 ANNEX 1 5 - Page 5 6. Comnparing Ahmed's results with thoeie of earlier studies for Thailand (Table 1) and shadow price estimates for other countries, the Eollowing conclusions emerge. First, the average level of price distortion in Thailand appears to be somewhat lower now than it has been in the past. This follows directly from a comparison of Ahmed's findings with ithose of Bruce, since in estimating SCF and CGCF both studies employ comparabLe methodologies and assumptions, but cover different time periodis./l Second, by international standards, price distortions in Thailand are relativ(ely minor (Table 4). Third, with the exception of the rice conversiion factor, all conversion factors fall into the narrow range of 0.84-0.95, indicating that intersectoral distortions in relative prices are, on balance, not large. Table 4: CROSS-COUNTRY COMPARISON OF TWO IMPORTANT CONVERSION FACTORS 'SCF LCF Turkey (1980) 0.59 0.39 Morocco (1979) 0,60 0.51 Ghana (1975) 0.75 n.a. Tanzania (1974) 0.77 0.45 Ivory Coast (1977) 0.83 0.83 Malaysia (1976) 0.85 0.42 Colombia (1979) /a 0.90 0.58 Philippines (1976) 0.91 n.a. Thailand (1981) 0.92 0.92 /a Based on trade data approach for comparability. Source: World Bank staff estimates. 7. For rice, Ahmed assumes that Thailand has some monopoly power, based on empoirical estimates of the world demand elasticity for rice on the order of -4.0. This results in a central value estimate of RCF - 1.11, as compared with RCF - 1.49 in the case where Thailand is assumed to face a perfectly elastic world demand for rice. /1 The Bruce study assumes that Thailand is a price taker in world markets for all exports and imports. For this assumption Ahmed's upper estimates of SCF * 0.94 and CGCF - 0.98 apply, which are consistent]ly higher than Bruce's estimates. ANNEX 1 - 6 - Page 6 8. For the estimation of the shadow wage rate (LCF) Ahmed concludes that labor markets are generally operating efficiently. Therefore, the only reason, why LCF is not equal to unity is that there are distortions in the product markets as reflected by the standard conversion factor, which is applied to the market wage in order to derive the shadow wage. 9. Ahmed's central estimate of the marginal productivity of capital shows of q- 0.16, which is high when compared with traditional Bank out-off rates, approximately equal to Bruce's estimate, and substantially below McCLeary's estimate. 10. Ahmed points out a number of limitations inherent in his study:, as in most studies of shadow prices. First, the conversion factors are based on historical data, reflecting historical levels of distortions. In using these conversion factors in project analysis one therefore implicitly assumes that past distortions will continue approximately unchanged. Second, the estimate of the CGCF relies on aggregate, rather than disaggregated income-consumption data for consumers. Third, an accurate estimation of q is extremely diffi- cult, involving a number of approximations with adverse effects for the reliability of this estimate. Fourth, the value of the rice conversion factor (RCF) is based on the rice export tax structure prevailing at the time of Ahmed's estimates. Considering the frequent and extensive changes which have historically occurred in rice export taxation in Thailand, the RCF needs to be recalculated from time to time. Finally, in calculating the shadow wage for unskilled labor, Ahmed used the SCF to convert the marginal product of labor at market prices into border prices. In actual project analysis the accounting ratio would depend on the distortions specific to the sector from which labor is withdrawn. Operational Use of Shadow Prices in Thailand 11. Based on the results of the Ahmed study and taking into considera- tion its limitations the following approach to shadow pricing is judged appropriate for project analysis in Thailand. 12. Major traded inputs or outputs which can easily be identified in the project's cost and benefit accounts and for which border prices are readily available from trade data should be valued directly at border prices. Where input and output data cannot be easily disaggregated or where border prices are not readily available the standard conversion factor SCF - 0.912 should generally be applied. Considering the rather narrow range of disper- sion of most shadow prices in Thailand around the SCF the use of the SCF will in most cases not result in significant errors as compared with a more disaggregated approach. However, in cases where inputs and outputs can be disaggregated into subgroups without substantial effort, the following more specific conversion factors may be utilized: ANNEX 1 - 7 - Page 7 Consumption Goods Conversion Factor: C1GCF - 0.95 Intermediate Goods Conversion Factor: IGCF - 0.94 Capital Goods Conversion Factor: KGCF := 0.84 Construction Goods Conversion Factor: 0.88 Electricity Conversion Factor: ECF - 0.90 Transportation Conversion Factor: TCF - 0.87 13. Special considerations apply in the case of rice, labor and land. For rice, project analysts should recalculate the conversion factor when- ever rice is a major outnut of a project. ThiLs calculation should be based on the approach utilized in Ahme:'s study, bul: take into consideration the Government's current export tax regimes as we'Ll as estimates of expected future export tax rates. In cases where the project analyst's best judgement indicates that the government will, for the duration of the project, pursue a tax policy which is on average comparable to ithat of recent years, a rice conversion factor RCF - 1.11 is appropriate as; a central estimate./L 14. For labor, all labor costs can in general be adjusted to reflect border prices; by applying the SCF to the project's wage bill, except for projects utilizing substantial amounts of unskilled labor drawn directly from rural areas. The following adjustments must be made in that case: First, where rural labor is subject to seasonal fluctuations in employment and wages, the average ainnual wage of unskilled rural lalbor should be utilized, weigthing 'easonally high and low wages by the shares of a year during which they apply. Secondly, whetre the project is paying legal minimum wages to rural unskilled labor, an assessment should be made by the project analyst whether in the particular project context this wage differs significantly fromi the average market wage. If so, the market wage should be employed. Third., in all cases the estimatees of the opportunity cost of labor in domtestic prices must be translated into border prices either by the application of the SCF, or, where substantial amounts of labor are withdrawn frDm rice cultivation, by the application of the rice conversion factor (RCF). 15. Where land is an important cost component special care must be taken in estimating the opportunity cost of land. For projects diverting land from agricultural to nor-agricultural use (e.g., industriaLl estates projects), the agricultural output foregone measured at border prices must /1 For example, the low levels of rice export taxation prevailing in the second half of 1982 must be judged of a temporary nature, due to the depressed international price of rice. If past Government practices are a guide ifor the future, and in the absence of any Governmenit commitments to the contrary, it is likely that as rice export: prices recover in internatiLonal markets, Government will again increase its rate of rice export taxes to the average historical levels. ANNEX 1 - 8 - Page 8 be taken as the opportunity cost of land in deciding whether such a project should or should not go ahead. In cases, vhere urban land is utilized for project purposes (e.g., in road construction, or for housing projects), its market value adjusted by the SCF will generallv represent the best approxi- mation of the onportunity cost of land, since urban real estate markets operate generally quite free from distortions in Thailand./l 16. The discount rate or cut-off rate to be utilized in project analysis in Thailand iS 12%. This is below the central value of the oppor- tunitv cost of capital (q) estimated by Ahmed. Two reasons can be given for this approach: First, the estimation procedures utilized by Ahmed on balance tend to overestimate the marginal rate of return to capital by relying on estimates of average or intra-marginal rates of return. Second, considering the macro-economic outlook for Thailand it is unlikely that the rapid historical rates of economic growth can be repeated in the future and that the relatively low levels of ICOR prevailing in the 1960s and the mid-1970s are likely to be recurring in future, given the less expansionary interna- tional environment which is likely to prevail. The marginal productivity of capital in Thailand is therefore likely to be lower than in the past. 17. Sensitivity analysis should be employed with respect to shadow prices in selected cases. For the SCF sensitivity analysis will in general not be required given the relatively narrow sensitivity range found in the Ahmed study. For the other specific conversion factors the following sensitivity tests should be considered: For the capital goods conversion factor (KGCF), a value of 0.95 can be employed. For the rice conversion factor (RCF) the values of 0.92 and 1.50 should be explored: The former reflects the assumption of a high export tax regime with an infinitely elastic export demand for rice, while the latter reflects a low export tax reginTe and/or a very low elasticity of export demand for rice. For unskilled labor sensitivity analysis will be appropriate in cases where there is uncer- tainty about the seasonal variations in the market wage of rural labor, or where there is uncertainty as to what type of agricultural occupation labor is withdrawn from. For the discount rate, a higher discount rate on the order of 14% can be explored to test whether this higher rate might signifi- cantlv affect project design or timing. /1 See Annex H1 in Ahmed's study for a more extended analysis of valuation of lanM for project analysis. _ 9 _ ANNEX 2 Page 1 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRIJCTJRAL ADJUSTMENT Land Availability: Background Information 1. Since the late 19608 the conventi^nal wisdom (often expounded by government, university and foreign aid personnel) has been that Thailand was reaching its land frontier and that further e:xpansion would be into increas- ingly marginal land and result in declining average yields. That was clearly an appropriate conclusion in the context of Thailand-s quasi- monocultural past and has been the case for unirrigated paddy. Analyses of land potential had also considered as suitable for agriculture only areas with slopes below 12% - including little more than lowlands. H:eanwhile farmers were busily clearing forests (Table 1), growing upland crops in slopes up to 60% and rapidly diversifying the use of agricultural land (Figure 1). 2. In 1981 a study /1 was carried out Eor NESDB, in the context of the Fifth Plan preparation (at the World Bank's urging and witht USAID funding) which contains the more realistic evaluation of land capability, available to date. By using information on soil characteristics and a 35% slope as the threshold for agricultural suitability, maps were drawn (at a 1:500,000 scale) showing the potential use of land and distinguishing 20 types of suitability. The study also drew from recent Landsat imagery to compile estimatwes of present land use by types of crops and related both sets of data to forest reserve boundaries. 3. Tables 2 and 3 present the information on suitability and potential use! of land provided by the TURA study. 214.5 (out of Thailand's 321) million rai are, in very broad terms, considered suitable for agriculture. To obtain a range for the amount of land available for cultivatton (suitable areas not presently used), the suitability figures are compared with estimates of land use from two 4ifferent sources: the interpretation of Landsat imagery for the TURK study and the Land Utilization Survey of the! Ofl1ce of Agri-cultural Economics (columns 2 and 3 in Table 2). Both estimates are higher than the area planted data as in any year parts of the land broadly under cultivation are left idle or in fallow. The range for availability of land presented in Table 2 (67-103 million rai) represents the potential for expansion of cultivate1 area, including marginal land, over the long run. 4. As the basis for estimating the actual land expansion feasible over the mediuumrto-long term, the suitability figures presented in text Table 4.8 have been deflated by an estimated 41 million rai of marginal soils and infrastructure and residential areas. Given the facl: that the Landsat-based land use data also include marginal, infrastructure and residential areas, the "minimum availability" estimate in Table 4.8 is an extremely conservative one and can thus be used (prior to considering /1 TUBA Institute, Land Use Development Policy, Bangkok, 1981 (Mapping assistance was provided by the land Development Department). - 10 - ANNEX 2 Page 2 Table 1: LAND USE CHANGES (1973-78) North Northeast Center South Kingdom Forest denudation 1973-78 (million rai)/a 11.5 12.' 4.7 0.7 29.1 (as % of 1973 forest area) (16) (38' (19) (6) (21) Remaining forest 1978 (million rai)/a 59.3 19.5 19.7 10.8 1.09.3 (as % of total area) (56) (18) (30) (24) (34) Increase in crop land 1973-78 (million rai)/b 3.3 4.0 4.1 1.1 12.5 (as % of 1973 cropland) (17) (10) (18) (10) (13) Memo items: 1978 cropland (million rai)/b 23.3 45.4 27.0 12.0 107.8 (as % of total area) (22) (42) (42) (27) (34) Cropland 1975 (million rai)/c 20.7 39.0 22.3 11.3 93.3 Sources: /a Royal Forestry Department (1981 interpretation of 1973 and 1978 Landsat data). /b Office of Agricultural Economics - Land Utilization (cropland includes bunded land, field crops, vegetables, flowers and tree crops land). /c Census of Agriculture (after post-evaluation adjustments). Note: In aid4ition to under-reporting of scattered and/or remote farmland (particularly acute in the Census of Agriculture), the differences between forest denudation and cropland expansion data for the North and the Northeaqt can be attributed mostlv to crop-fallow rotation which would lead to some land periodically cultivated being counted as scrub land. ANNEX 2 Page 3 accessibility and other constraints) as a minimum for area expansion feasible in the medium term. 5. The two major sources of new land are scrub and forest areas. Much of the scrub land appears to be the resull: of a very short period of upland rice cultivation (as transport infrastruieture has developed, many of those areas are now accessible and the cultival:ion of upland cash crops has become viable); some areas - both of scrub and forest - were in places that the "insurgency" had made to be perceived as insecure (a situation that is rapidly affecting less and less districts). Most of the suitable area now under forests is suitable for tree crops and (particularly in the Northeast) for crops such as cassava and sugarcane that are not very demanding in terms of soil quality. 6. Land potential data suggest that a hLgh proportion of upland can be planted with several of the major crops. It: has been demonstrated time and time again that field crop farmers are verly responsive both in the short and long term to changing incentives/opportunit:ies: the main sugarcane areas of the Center/West region used to be planted with rice (the staple crop which farmers are assumed to be most reluctant to switch from), up to 2 million rai or about 60% of kenaf land in the Northeast were turned to cassava at relative prices and market opportunLties changed in the mid 1970s, and farmers in the Center/East region switch back and forth between sugarcane and cassava. Table 3 dissagregates the areas suitable for the major upland crops; most of the areas good for maize are also suitable for sorghum and mungbeans and all cassava areas are good for kenaf. 7. The estimates for cropland availabilLty presented above refer to expansion of cultivated area and do not include the considerable potential for increases in the area planted within existLng holdings. Data on land use within holdings are too sketchy or unreliable to reach conclusions but most surveys point to the fact that farmers leave 10-20% of their land unplanted in any given year. Reasons for this include (i) lack of capital, tractors or manpower during the key period for land preparation; (ii) too much rain (tractors bog down) or too little (buffaloes cannot plow); and (iii) unattractive prices. 8. Multiple cropping is also likely to continue contributing to the expansicon of area planted, not only through irrigation. In various rainfed paddy areas, peanuts, tobacco, soybeans, garlic, watermelon and vegetables are grown using the residual moisture held in clayey soils after the rice harvest; even more significant is the exploitaition of the bi-modal rainy season in the central corn belt for rainfed douible-cropping (the most common pattern iS munLgbeans after maize, others are cotton or sorghum after maize). - 12- ANNEX 2 Page 4 Table 2: AGRICULTURE LAND AVAILABILITY, 1980 (million rai) Available Planted Lower Upper Annual Suitable /a /b bound bound average (1) (T2) 7) (1)-'2) (I)-(3) 1978/79-80/81 NORTH Paddy 16.4 71.2 16.8 -4.8 -0.4 (12.9) Up'and 20.0 11.5 7.3 8.5 12.7 (9.5) Tree cropq/ marginal upland 14.7 0.7 0.8 13.5 13.4 (0.7) Total 50.6 33.4 24.9 17.2 25.7 (23.1) NORTHEAST Paddy 40.5 33.6 35.9 1.9 4.6 (28.5) Uplandi 30.7 21.6 10.0 9.1 20.7 (3.6) Tree crops/ marginal upland 21.2 0.1 0.5 21.1 20.7 (0.4) Total 92.4 60.6 46.4 32.1 46.0 (37.5) CENTRAL Paddy 20.5 16.9 16.1 3.6 4.4 (15.6) Upland 16.8 15.2 8.7 1.6 8.1 (7.8) Tree crops/ marginal uwlani 8.7 3.2 2.3 5.5 6.4 (2.5) Total 46.0 35.3 27.1 10.7 18.9 (25.9) SOTUTH Pa4dy 6.6 7.1 4.9 -0.5 1.7 (3.9) Upland - - - - Tree crops/ marginal upland 18.9 11.1 7.8 7.8 lt.1 (9.0) Total 25.5 18.2 12.7 7.3 12.8 (12.9) WHOLE KIN-,DOM Paddy 84.0 83.8 73.7 0.2 10.3 (60.9) Upland 67.5 48.6* 26.0* 18.9 41.5 (25.9) Tree crops/ marginal upland 63.0 14.8 11.4 48.2 52.6 (12.6) Total 214.5 147.2 111.1 67.3 103.4 (99.4) Sources and Notes: Suitability: TURA's study, based on LDT) soil maps, using 35X slope as the suitability threshold. It includes about 4 m rat of infrastructure and residential areas and 37 m rai of marginal soils (gravel, laterite, shallowr bedrock). Use: /a 1981 interpretation (TURA ibid.) of 1978 Landsat imagery. -Th 1980 land utilization data. Office of Agriculture Economics, MOAC. Planted area: 3-year neriod average. It includes multiple cropping on about 5% of the physical area. Office of Agricultural Economics, MOAC. * Includes marginal upland areas. ANNEX 2 -13 - Page 5 Table 3: POTENTIAL USE OF UPLAND BY MWJOR CROPS (million rai) North Northeast Center Kingdom Maize (only) 5.3 1.4 2.2 8.9 Maize/sugarcane 5.1 3.6 5.1 13.8 Cassava/sugarcane - - 4.7 4.7 Cassava/sugarcane/maize 9.6 25.7 4.8 40.1 Total suitable for maize 20.0 30.7 12.1 62.8 (of which not marginal) (15.2) (8.6) (5.9) (29.6) Total suitable for sugarcane 14.7 29.3 14.6 58.6 (of which not marginal) (3.9) (2.8) (6.2) (12.9) Total suitable for cassava 9.6 25.7 9.5 44.8 (of which not marginal (1.0) :19.3) (4.7) (25.0) Total suitable for upland crops (excluding marginal soils) 20.0 30.7 16.8 67.5 Memo: Total planted in upland crops (annual average for 1978/81 period) 9.5 8.6 7.8 25.9 Note: Includes both available and currently used areas, but excludes marginal upland areas (and thus the South does not show in the table). Source: Mission estimates based on TURA's soiL capability. -14- ANEX 2 Page 6 FIGURE 1 INDEXES OF AREA PLAN4TED (i969/?1=100) 398~~~~~~~~~~~^ 348 /- 315 / ; 298 Av 240~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' 265 * -5 Ieq - +S+,*a/ 148 _C+K/ X165.-....... --- SUGAR HOLLDINIGS 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 a/ Maize, sorghum and mung beans. b / Cassava and kenaf. Source: Statistical Appendix Table 7.5. - 15 - ANNEX 3 THAILAND fANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Background Data for Public Expenditure Programs This Annex compiles background information on public iaxpenditure data used in this Rteport. It contains the following information: Background Data on Sectoral Public Expenditures Table 1: Public Investment Program - Rural Sector Table 2: Power Sector Investment Program, 1982-86 Table 3: LiLst of Power Plants in EGAT Power Development Plan, 1982-96 Table 4: PTT Investment Program, November 1981 Table 5: PTT Investment Program, November 1982 Table 6: PTT Investment Program, Mission Estimates Table 7: Road and Rail Expenditure Program, 1982--86, Summairy Table 8: Communications Subsector Investment Program, 1982-116, Summary Table 9: Road Subsector Investment Program (1982-86) Table 10: Communications Subsector Investment Program (1982-8li) Table 11: Central Government Budget Appropriation for Education (1977-81) Table 12: Central Government Budget on EducaLtion: Fifth Plan Program Table 13: Alternative Fifth Plan Health Programs Table 14: Intrasectoral Expenditure Allocation in Alternative Fifth Plan Health Programs Background Data on Aggregate Public Expenditu es Table 15: Central Government Budget Appropriations by Functioas and Objects (1979-83) Table 16: NZSDB Budget Appropriation Project:ions for the Fifth Plan Period Table 17: Central Government Development Expenditures by Function, Fourth and Fifth Plan Periods Table 18: State Enterprise Recurrent and Capital Expenditures Estimates and Projections Table 19: Consolidated Public Expenditures, 1977-82 Table 20: Total Central Government and State Enterprises Expenditures: An Unconsolidated Comparison bet:wen the Fourth and Fifth Plan Periods Table 21: Summary Comparison of Investment Programs by Major State Enterprises, '?Y82-86 Table 22: Listing of State Enterprises Covered by N:ESDB Projections ANNEX 3 - 16 - Table 1 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Public Investment Program - Rural Sector 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Irrigation Department (RID) 3,496 3,993 4,931 5,423 5,433 5,221 4,991 Large- and medium-scale irrigation 2,482 2,822 3,319 3,510 3,450 3,220 2,990 Small-scale irrigation 851 989 1,398 1,679 1,725 1,725 1,725 Road construction 163 182 214 235 258 276 276 Other Ministry of Agriculture (MOAC) 1,120 1,150 1,145 1,007 1,323 1,904 2,316 Forestry 630 462 267 274 237 575 920 Extension 207 327 478 274 386 419 230 Research 92 115 115 166 239 343 485 Land development and reform 69 115 138 170 271 350 428 Livestock and fisheries 122 131 147 124 189 219 253 Rural Employment Program 3,500 3,500 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,400 2,400 Poverty District Program - - 621 1,166 2,275 2,397 2,516 Security Program 1,863 1,898 2,015 2,240 1,794 1,518 1,242 Road construction 1,495 1,495 1,601 1,801 1,380 1,150 920 Other 368 403 414 439 414 368 32 Accelerated Rural Development (ARD) 1,173 1,746 1,711 1,748 1,484 2,380 3,064 Road construction and maintenance 798 1,191 1,088 1,093 826 1;688 2,341 Water supply 127 216 248 251 253 255 258 Other 248 338 375 391 405 437 465 Rubber Replanting (ORRAF) 948 1,134 1,260 1,447 1,518 1,594 1,672 Rural Electricfication (PEA) 759 1,895 1,737 3,429 3,489 3,134 1,756 Total 12,859 15,316 15,819 18,860 19,716 20,548 19,957 Source: Mission estimates. ANNEX 3 - 17 Table 2 THAILAND MAUAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL AIIJUSTMENT Power Sector Investment Program, 1982-86 /a Year MEA PEA. EGAT 1982 1,439 2,748 12,691 198:3 1,785 3,125 13,888 1984 2,045 3,672 13,975 1985 1,810 4,504 13,345 1986 779 3,9(1 13,862 Total 7,858 1iO 67,712 /a Based on a domestic cost escalaition factor of 7% p.a. for 1983-85 and 6% for 1986. Sources: World Bank Report No. 4201-TH for MEA, PEA; EGAT's Five-Year Investment Program, May 6, 1983. ANNEX 3 - 18 - Table 3 TRAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTNENT List of Power Plants in EGAT Power Development Plan, 1982-96 Proposed Fuel Unit Rating Total Commissioning Power plant type no. (MW) (MW) date Plants under Construction Bhumibol Hydro 7 133 133 May 1983 Lan Krabu gas turbine /a Gas 2 (25) (25) May 1983 Lan Krabu gas turbine 7a Gas 3 (15) (15) June 1983 Bang Pakong steam turbine (Block II) 2 120 120 July 1983 Bank Pakong thermal Oil/gas 1 550 550 September 1983 Sirindhorn Hydro 3 12 12 April 1984 Mae Noh Lignite 4 150 150 May 1984 Bang Pakong thermal Oil/gas 2 550 550 August 1984 Mae Moh Lignite 5 150 150 November 1984 Khao Laem Hydro 1-3 100 300 December 1984 Mae Moh Lignite 6 150 150 September 1985 Srinagarind 2nd stage Hydro 4 180 180 February 1986 Mae Moh Lignite 7 150 150 March 1986 Mae Ngat Hydro 1-2 4.5 9 May 1986 Gas turbine retired Oil 3-11 15 -135 June 1986 Chiew Larn Hydro 1-3 80 240 July 1987 New Plants Krabi (2) Lignite 1 75 75 February 1988 Chao Phraya Hydro 1 16.8 16.8 June 1988 Krabi (2) Lignite 2 75 75 February 1989 Nam Chon Hydro 1-2 145 290 April 1990 Mae Moh Lignite 8 300 300 June 1990 Krabi lignite retired Lignite 1-3 20 -60 August.1990 Nam Chon Hydro 3-4 145 290 October 1990 Miscellaneous hydro group I Hydro - - 200 May 1990 Mae Moh Lignite 9 300 300 April 1991 Krabi (2) Lignite 3 75 75 June 1991 Miscellaneous hydro group II Hydro - - 300 May 1992 Ao Phai thermal Coal 1 600 600 October 1982 R3 thermal Coal - 150 150 March 1993 Mae Moh Lignite 10 300 300 April 1993 Ao Phai thermal Coal 2 600 600 June 1995 Miscellaneous hydro group III Hydro - - 200 October 1995 Ao Yhai thermal Coal 3 600 600 September 1996 Total Net Additional Capacity (MW) - 6,837.2/b Existing generating capacity (MW) = 4,208.0 GRAND TOTAL (MW) 11,045.2 /a Being transferred fro the existing gas turbines at South Bangkok and Surat Thani. /b With 33.6 MW diesel retired. Source: EGAT. ANNEX 3 19 - Table 4 Page 1 THAILAND MANAGING PJBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Petroleum Authority of Thailand (PTT)/a Investment Program Presented to NESDB in November 1981 /b (million US$ current prices) Five Year Program Total Total Program (1982-91) 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1982-86 Foreign Local Total First gas separation plant with export facilities (86)/c 164 65 - - (315)/c 187 128 (315)/c LPG marketing and distri- bution 12 28 30 30 18 119 93 80 173 Pipeline from Union (Block 10) to existing line (with onshore and offshore com- pressors) 2 44 68 13 - 128 98 30 128 Pipeline from Texas Pacific to Union Oil Erawon field (with offshore comlpressor) - 41 232 121 - 394 295 99 394 Gas distribution pipeline (Poochaosming PraiL & Bang Plee-industrial plants) - 24 12 - - 36 19 17 36 Second gas separation plant - - - 821 164 246 168 78 246 Strategic storage ofE crude 27 109 81 55 - 272 140 131 272 Pletroleum products lis- tribution and reserve 6 5 3 3 3 20 9 11 20 TORC refinery expansion NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA (700)/d Ethylene cracking plant 1 2 5 13 22 43 210 140 350 Gas pipeline from Union- Erawan field to Khanom - - - - 58 58 169 113 282 Sri Racha - Bangkok - Korat pipeline - - - 14 54 68 98 66 164 Petroleum Exploration 0.04 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.5 - 1.5 1.5 Miscellaneous 7 10 8 'i 5 35 - 35 35 Total 56 427 504 337 324 1,648 1,487 929 2 330 (142)/c !j (1,734)/e ANNEX 3 -20 - Table 4 Page 2 (million baht current prices) Five Year Program Total Total Program 1'1982-92) 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1982-86 Foreign Local Total First gas separation plant with export facilities (1,984)/c 3,786 1,494 - - 5,280 4,303 2,961 7,264 LPG marketing and distribution 270 660 680 700 425 2,735 2,152 1,833 3,985 Pipeline from Union (Block 10) to existing line (with on- shore and offshore com- pressors) 51 1,021 1,570 297 - 2,939 2,258 681 2,939 Pipeline from Texas Pacific to Union Oil Erawan field (with offshore compressor) - 938 5,356 2,788 - 9,082 6,808 2,274 9,082 Gas distribution pipeline (Poochaosming Pri & Bang Plee-industrial plants) 12 549 272 - - 833 431 402 833 Second gas separation plant - - - 1,900 3,776 5,676 3,874 1,802 5,676 Strategic storage of crude 625 2,506 1,856 1,277 - 6,264 3,235 3,029 6,264 Petroleum products dis- tribution and reserve 141 108 62 69 69 449 199 250 449 TORC refinery expansion NA NA NA NA NA NA (9,681)/e (6,454)/e (16,135)/e Ethylene cracking plaut 28 56 111 306 501 1,002 4,850 3,218 8,068 Gas pipeline from Union- Eravan field to Kbanom - - - - 1,335 1,335 3,890 2,600 6,490 Sri Racha - Bangkok - Korat pipeline - - - 312 1,248 1,560 2,270 1,516 3,786 Petroleum exploration 1 5 8 10 12 36 - 36 36 Miscellaneous 160 220 200 110 110 800 - 800 800 Total 1,288 9,849 11,60 7,769 7,476 37,991 34,270 21,402 55,672 (3.272)/c (39,975)/c /a Exchange rate equals B 23.05 per US$. /b Interest during construction is included in capital expenditure. /c Includes 1981 budget. /d Excluded from total, details of capital expenditure are not available. If included, the total becomes US$3,164 million. /e Excluded from total, details of capital expenditure are not available. If included, the total becomes US$71,807 million baht. -21 - ANNEX 3 Table 5 ThAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Petroleum Authority of Thailand (PTT)/a Investment Program Presented to UESDB in November 1982 Estimated Capital Expenditure/b (million US$ current prices) Five year program Total Total program (1982-91) 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1982-86 Foreign Local Total First gas separation plant 12 196 72 - - 280 165 115 280 Export facilities - 3 17 10 - 30 15 15 30 LPG marketing and distri- bution 1 19 49 28 16 113 121 75 196 Pipeline from Union (Block 10) to existing line (onshore compressors only) - 9 75 64 - 148 118 30 148/c Offshore compressors - - - 25 70 ''5 124 31 1557;w Pipeline from Texas Pacific to Union Oil Erawan field (with offshore compressor) - - 47 175 .68 390 295 95 390 Gas distribution pipeline (Poochaosmlng PraL & Bang Plee-industrial plants) - - - 12 25 37 18 19 37 Second gas separation plant - - - - - - NA NA 282 Petroleum prcducts distri- bution and reserve 6 5 3 3 3 20 18 23 41 Gas pipeline from llnion- Erawan field to Khanom - - - - 49 49 NA NA 238 Sri Racha - Bangkok - Korat pipel]ine - - - 14 54 68 NA NA 164 Petroleum exportation 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.7 0.8 2.4 - 13 13 Bangchak RefiLnery (BOR) Rationalization - 22 46 - - 68 51 17 68 Expansion - - - 133 172 305 NA NA 594 Miscellaneous 3 8 15 17 4 47 - 80 80 Joint Venture Projects TORC Refinery expansion - - - - - NA NA NA (950)/d Ethylene cracking plant (PTT's equity) - 5 9 19 14 47 34 13 47 Fertilizer plant - - - - - NA - - NA Lan Krabu oil production (with Thai Shell) - - - - - NA - - NA L21G plant - - - - - NA - - NA Total 22 267 334 500 576 1,699.4 - - 2,763 /a Exchange rate equals B 23.05 per US$. /b Interest during construction is included in capital expenditure. /c The budget submitted to NESDB was US$270 million. The total project cost presented here is US$303. It is higher than previously estimated because of escaLation costs imputed because of expected delays in the installation of offshore compressors. /d This is approximate investiaent cost. PTT-s contribution would be neglibile. ANNEX 3 -22- Table 6 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Petroleum Authority of Thailand (PTT) /a Investment Program (November 1982)/b Mission Estimates (Million US$ current prices) Five year program Total Total program 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1982-86 (1982-91) Firm Projects First gas separation plant 21 185 74 - - 280 280 Export facilities - 3 37 10 - 40 40 LPG marketing and distribution 1 19 49 28 16 113 196 Pipeline from Union (Block 10) to existing line (onshore compressor only) - 9 75 64 - 148 148 Offshore compressors - - - 25 70 95 155 Proposed Projects Pipeline from Texas Pacific to Union Oil Erawan field (with offshore compressor) - - - - 75 75 480 Gas distribution pipeline (Poochaosming Prai & Bang Plee-industrial plants) - - - 12 25 37 47 Second gas separation plant - - - - - - 355 Petroleum products distri- bution and reserve 6 5 3 3 3 20 41 Gas pipeline from Union- Erawan Field to Khanom - - - - - - (320)/c Sri Racha - Bangkok - Korat pipeline - 1 1 10 25 37 102 TORC refinery expansion - - - - - - (500)/d Olefins plant - - - - 8 8 200ie Bangehak refinery (BOR) Rationalization - 3 6 5 - 14 14/f Expansion - - - 18 36 54 907f Fertilizer - 1 - - - 1 i7 Petroleum exploration/dev. Sirikit oil field - 75 20 10 10 115 300/h Miscellaneous 3 8 15 17 4 47 80 Subtotal 31 309 280 192 272 1,084 2,52 Unspecified projects - - 10 110 110 230 260/i Total 31 309 290 302 382 1,314 2 785 /a Exchange rate equals B 23.05 per US$. 71T Interest during construction included in capital. 77 Excluded from total. The mission recomends that consideration of this project should be deferred. /d Excluded from total, details of capital expenditure are not available. Timing and costs are very uncertain. PTT share of $500 million is half the estimated yotal cost. /e This would be PTT's half share of total project costs estimated at about $400 million. 7 This would be PTT's 15% share of an estimated total cost of about $690 million. 7 This would be PTT-s 25% share of equity in study company. Estimated total project cost is about $500 million. /h Total cost of Sirikit oil field is $1,182 million of which PTT's share is $300 million. 7? mTTs investment program contains only identified projects, so that if other projects will arise, they are not seen clearly at this stage. A provisional sum should be included so that the totals in the program more closely reflect the likely situation. The amount above is a tentative estimate related to the Esso oil fields, should they eventually be proven up, and ties in with the supply forecasts. ANNEX 3 23 - Table 7 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENr Road and Rail Expenditure Program in 1982-86: Summary Length Expenditure Fifth Plan Road Program Totals (kin) (B million) Construction & Rehabilitation 55,285 42,852 National highways 3,200 10,099 Provincial highways 8,867 17,395 Rural roads 23,218 15,358 Maintenance 360,328 13,750 National 6& provincial highways 239,100 10,250 Rural roads 121,228 3,500 Total. 395,613 56,602 Annual Expenditure Targets for Roads & Rail (B million) FY82 FY83 FY84 FY85 FY86 Total Roads 11,660 11 264 11 426 11 274 10 978 56 602 Constructicon & rehabilitation 9,231 8 i,571 83 8,379 8,037 42,852 Maintenance 2,429 2,693 2,792 2,895S 2,941 13,750 Rail 473 4,295 6,Si97 9,151. 2,598 23,113 Source: NESDB. ANNEX 3 -24 - Table 8 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Communications Subsector Investment Program, 82-86, Sutmiry Fiscal years Total 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 (1982 (Z) - B blnX TOT 86.2 94.7 98.0 98.3 98.0 55,366 97.2 Ongoing projects 83.9 68.8 352 =.2 0.0 17,387 30.5 New projects 2.3 25.9 60.5 91.1 98.0 37,979 66.7 CAT 7.2 3.7 1.8 0.8 1.9 1.189 2.1 Ongoing projects 4.2 1.3 0.8 0.5 1.2 578 1.0 New projects 3.0 2.4 1.0 0.3 0.7 611 1.1 Other 6.6 1.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 389 0.7 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 - 100.0 (B billion) (2,890) (9,927) (17,599) (18,801) (7,729) 56,944 Source: NESDB. ANNEX 3 25 - Table 9 THAILAND MANJAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTIENT Road Subsector Investment Progran (1982-86) Targets No. of Length Investments (B million) IProjects routes (km) B mLn 19T 13 1984 1985 1986 Construction and Rehabilitation National Highways New construction project 20 337.3 2,199.3 854.9 610.4 359.0 215.0 160.0 Four-traffic lanes construction project 22 245.5 2,750.2 534.5 347.0 669.0 582.7 627.0 Rehabilitation project 81 2,576.9 5,C39.5 911.3 1,138.4 1,331.4 981.9 726.5 Asphalt construction project 2 40.4 50.1 50.1 - - - - Subtotal 125 3,200.1 10,0)9.1 2,350.8 2,095.8 2,359.4 1,779.6 1,513.5 Provincial Highways New construction project 7 65.4 635.6 192.3 183.6 87.0 92.0 130.7 Four-traffic lanes construction project 5 40.9 325.3 33.9 - 124.9 146.5 20.0 Rehabilitation project 10 137.9 274.0 76.9 47.1 41.0 54.3 54.7 Asphalt construction project 335 8,061.4 15,547.4 3,866.4 2,913.6 2,695.9 2,947.0 3,124.5 Soil aggregate construction 27 561.1 562.5 171.7 189.9 84.7 51.6 64.6 Subtotal 384 8,866.7 17,334.8 4,341.2 3,334.2 3,033.5 3,291,4 3,394.5 Subtotal national and provincial roads 509 12,066.8 27,4'33.9 6 0 5,430.0 5>,392.9 5,071.0 4,908.0 Rural Roads Operation by ARD Rural road construction 462 9,350.0 5,231.5 877.9 1,158.6 1,158.6 1,158.6 877.9 Rural road improvement - 4,145.0 3,8B8.0 586.3 665.9 787.9 853.6 994.3 R.C. bridge construction - 34,000.0 1,530.0 180.0 337.5 337.5 337.5 337.5 Subtotal 462 13,495.0 10,649.5 1,644.2 2,162.0 2,284.0 2,349.7 2,209.7 Operation by PWD Rural road construction 551 7,018.0 2,832.4 464.1 520.5 563.9 615.1 668.9 Improvement to asphalt 29 499.2 439.2 103.3 106.1 109.9 87.4 92.5 Subtotal 580 7,580.2 3,331.6 567.4 626.6 673.8 702.5 761.4 Operation by RID Feeder road construction 20 292.2 273.9 6;t.0 73.1 57.6 64.7 11.5 O&M road construction 163 1,313.5 793.9 187.8 201.1 150.3 136.3 118.4 Asphalt project 27 537.3 309.4 72.7 78.6 75.8 54.6 27.7 Subtotal 210 2,143.0 1,337.2 32,.5 352.8 283.7 255.6 157.6 Subtotal rural roads 1,252 23,218.2 15,358.3 2,5391.1 3,141.4 3,241.5 3,307.8 3,128.7 Total Construction and Rehabilitation 1,761 35,285.0 42,852.2 9,23L.1 8,571.4 8,634.4 8,378.8 8,036.7 iMaintenance National and Provincial Highways Operation by DOH - 239,100.0 10,250.0 1,900.0 2,100.0 2,100.0 2,100.0 2,050.0 Rural Roads Operation by ARD - 77,055.0 2,584.0 399.0 448.0 511.0 581.0 645.0 Operation by PiD - 18,461.0 394.0 4.3.0 50.0 76.0 100.0 125.0 Operation by RID - 25,712.0 522.0 81.0 95.0 105.0 114.0 121.0 Total Maintenance _ 360,328.0 13,750-0 2,429.0 2,693.0 2,792-0 2,895.0 2,941.0 Source: NESDB. THILAND 8AA0W POhl NOD 80 mO59n;sl.nA5u85 Commoo,l-tioo Soboector lOOtOt Progre (1982-86) (INlllon b ht) 812 F183 FyT84 Ms8 FY86 Total Loma Forein Total Loal Foreign Totl Local Foreign Totdl Local For.1n Total Local Fo..88n Total Locel Fota?e Total _eabe 2rei ietieO fas(0! N pet n7('-a pTar_ 1,398.96 1,126.75 2,425.71 3,305.49 3,521.80 6,827.29 2,377.57 6,213.29 6,290.86 1,120.29 421.25 1,542.83 - - - 8,102.60 9,584.0 17,56.69 Tb,Oio hedoo4tvo Iheladl13 t a TM saeams .f .s6ffi3 raVftlphe a? e (18- ogr) 92.84 - 92.84 120.39 - 120.39 130.97 - 130.97 86.97 - 96.97 95.66 - 95.6 527.03 - 327.03 Tbe _ai oS tdI amc On pr6ooa atess, project (38044 progr) 27.00 - 27.00 12.00 - 12.00 12.00 - 12.00 - - - - _- 51.00 - 51.00 lie _ica Td_th Dt_tont project. 11.00 _ 11.00 40.37 - 40.37 - - - - - - - - - 51.37 - 51.37 7b t red expossles,projet of bAsh freqesac? bcedcaatia aegg co of the al *eonsin 2.00 141.95 149.95 - 86.40 96.40 - 36.75 36.75 - - _ _ _ - 2.00 21.10 263.10 fv 0 fnn2et Thailand x3T) F j `=. o GI aIND (1ct) 4.00 - 4.00 796.00 1,347.00 2,143.00 5,460.00 5155.00 10,615.00 8,260.00 8,S60.00 17,120.00 3,860.00 3,71.00 7,278.80 18,3BO.00 19,080.00 37,460.00 laeormf of toa~os (1982/83 presa) 29.47 - 59.47 98.63 - - - - - - - - - - - 13.10 - 129.10 apovt of nas dist_ace tal _ (D88-4 P_om) 4.56 - 4.56 17.06 - 17.06 3.64 - 3.64 - - - - - 25.26 - 235.236 ebl.Cl tcalaioas Atallatleo (33-S44 ,oosr) 3.00 26.00 29.00 142.00 170.00 312.00 12.50 12.50 25.00 - - - - 137.50 206.50 366.00 Cgotnlo Astboolti oa abelad (CAT) ee talol_nt oS 00 ntann.t8o.l tade phos -cheap poJect (1982-84 prog.) 48.75 - 48.7S 97.50 - 97.50 48.75 - 48.75 - - - - - - 185.00 - 195.00 Domatic telao_nicatSons ntwotk delopr -sot prject (1382-84 progrea) - - - 94,43 - 94.43 89.0 - 9.0 - - - - - - 183.52 - 183.52 The eapoalon of petal tewaph 25.94 - 23.94 27.65 - 27.65 29.62 - 29.62 31.89 - 31.89 34.49 - 34.49 14.39 - 149.!9 The mpeosiOa of Sndollvr7 poet off eon project - otiod IT (82-86 promre) 11.26 - 11.26 14.54 - 14.54 16.40 - 16.46 18.72 - 18.72 21.28 - 21.28 62.28 - 82.28 Sdloc rcationo Division (Minl.try of satlSte projcts 30.000 - 30.OD 21.00 - 25.00 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55.00 - 55.00 lotel _28o0.253 28853.69 56,943.94 IN Soorc:el m88. THAILAND ftMAGIN& G PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSThENT Central Government Budget Appropriation for Education- Fourth Pla 1977-198 (Million baht) 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1977-1981 Recur- Recur- Recur- Recur- Reeur- Recur- Fiscal year rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rent Capital Total Pro-primary and Privary Board 6,448 2,379 8,827 6,939 2,130 9,069 7,634 2,338 9,972 9,610 3,005 12,615 12,579 2,964 15,543 43,210 12,816 56,206 Secondary Education 1,193 925 2,118 1,409 1,377 2,786 1,775 1,106 2,881 2,363 1,318 3,681 3,160 1,420 4,580 9,900 6,146 16,046 Vocational Education 545 364 909 624 363 987 781 415 1,196 921 535 1,456 1,239 592 1,831 4,110 2,269 6,379 Teacher Training Education 277 332 609 295 223 518 316 148 464 389 162 551 517 180 697 1,794 1,045 2,839 Higher Education (Universities) 1,125 466 1,891 1,229 786 2,015 1,323 1,052 2,375 1,637 1,404 3,041. 2,125 1,339 3,464 7,439 5,347 12,786 Non-formal Education/a 145 6 151 216 68 284 237 102 339 300 110 410 337 122 439 1,235 408 1,643 Education Promotion 570 19 589 617 44 661 784 38 822 1,001 52 1,053 1,117 55 1,172 4,089 208 4,297 Total 10,303 4,791 15,094 11,329 4,991 16,320 12.850 5,199 18.049 16,221 6,586 22,807 21,074 6,672 27,746 71,777 28,239 100,016 /a Only MOm. Source: Budget Bureau. !I 1 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCE FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Central Government Budget on Education Fifth Plan Program 1982-1986 (Million baht) 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1982-1986 Recur- Recur- Recur- Recur- Recur- Recur- Fiscal year rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rent Capital Total rer.t Capital Total Pre-primary & Primary Education 15,202 3,108 18,310 16,804 3,733 20,537 18,388 3,873 22,261 20,414 991 21,405 22,874 816 23,690 93,682 12,521 106,203 Secondary Education 4,076 3,558 7,634 4,641 4,087 8,728 5,310 4,803 10,113 6,060 5,352 11,412 6,911 5,794 12,705 26,998 23,594 50,592 Vocational Education 2,053 1,630 3,683 2,411 1,470 3,881 2,588 1,468 4,056 2,803 1,369 4,172 3,070 1,280 4,350 12,925 7,217 20,142 Teacher Training Education 629 233 862 699 244 943 781 247 1,028 876 201 1,077 975 164 1,139 3,960 1,089 5,049 Higher Education (Universities) 2,649 2,106 4,755 2,954 1,328 4,282 3,333 1,000 4,333 3,708 909 4,617 4,101 824 4,925 16,745 6,167 22,912 Non-formal Education/a 523 248 771 617 224 841 712 183 895 813 158 971 920 124 1,044 3,585 937 4,522 Educational Promotion 1,392 62 1,454 1,491 57 1,548 1,595 58 1,653 1,715 67 1,782 1,835 53 1,888 8,028 297 8,325 Total 26,524 10 37,469 29,617 11,143 40,760 33,707 11,632 44,339 36,389 9,047 45,436 40,686 9,055 49,741 165,923 51,822 217,745 Budget for the reserved new programs for either the expansion and improvement of quality in education or serving any government policies 19,116 Grand Total 236,861 /a Only MOE, not include other agencies. Source: National Education Commission. X14 ANNEX 3 - 29 - Table 13 THAILAND MKAAGING PuBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRLUCTURAL ADJUsTMENr Alternative Fifth Plan Healt:h Programs (Million baht) Fifth Plan 1982 1983 1984 185 1986 total MOPH Jue 1981 8,292 10,112 12,003 13,569 15,128 59,105 MOPH April 1982 5,804 7,587 9,123 10,263 11,287 44,064 NESDB May 1982 6,406 7,221 8,569 10,626 12,833 45,651 NESDB August 1982 6,406 7,641 8,450 10,080 12,170 44,747 NESDB/BOB/MOPH December 1982 6,437 7,435 8,587 9,918 11,455 43,832 Sources: MOPH, NESDB. ANNEX 3 - 30 - Table 14 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Intrasectoral Expenditure Allocation in Alternative Fifth Plan Health Programs (Z) Fifth Plan period (1982-86) MOPH MOPH NESDB June April May 1981 1982 1982 Public Health Infrastructure 81.8 76.3 81.9 Health services 68.0 60.1 74.0 Manpower training 8.5 8.3 3.5 Other 5.4 7.8 4.3 Community Health Services 2.0 2.5 1.8 Basic health services 0.4 0.5 0.2 Health policy & planning 0.4 0.5 0.4 Consumer protection 0.6 0.7 0.6 Narcotics prevention & cure 0.7 0.9 0.5 Environmental Health Programs 16.3 21.2 15.6 Communicable disease control 9.6 9.0 8.3 Nutrition 0.4 0.5 0.5 Family planning & maternal & child health 2.2 5.0 4.4 Water supply & sanitation /a 3.5 4.7 1.9 Other 0.8 1.9 0.4 Miscellaneous health expenditures - - 0.7 Total (%) 100.0 100.0 100.0 (B million) 59,105 44,064 45,651 /a Only expenditures financed by MOPH. Note: MOPH and NEDB figures are not fully comparable because the latter cover only development expenditures (i.e., exclude administration expenses), but include non-MOPE health spending, while MOPH figures cover total expenditures of MOPE only. Sources: NEDB, MOPE. HIlU6SDt PULIC 8U018C18 1 STIIICTUR/A ADJUSISD Central Governeent Budget Apprortios yaihctiona end Objects, 1979-83 (Million baht) __ FY79 MO8 1181 FY2 FY83 Capital Current Wages Total/b Capital Current Wages Total Capital Current Wages Total Capital Current Wages Total Capitol Current lage6s Totsl (1) (2) (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) Econudec srvices 11,903 6,021 3,180 17,924 15,773 7,051 3,570 22,824 23,748.5 8,194.8 4,565 31,943.3 23,509.1 9,347.9 5,008 32,857.0 23,044 10,730 6,027 33,774 Education 5,340 12,459 10366 17,799 6,779 15,804 13,124 22,583 6,779.8 21,152.7 17,648 27,932.5 7,937.1 24,427.5 20,045 32,364.6 7,534 29,679 24,816 37,213 Public helth 894 2,986 1,439 3,880 1,037 3,503 1,801 4,540 1,131.4 4,134.2 2,456 5,265.6 1,397.7 4,997.5 2,681 6,395.2 1,438 6,188 3,385 7,626 Soclal security and welfare 1,441 4,596 1,478 6,037 2,244 5,439 1,760 7,683 2,289.5 7,718.2 2,311 10,007.7 2,550.6 7,779.7 2,566 10,330.3 1,892 9,0151 3,134 10,907 Defens - 19,001 5,669 19,001 - 22,350 5,961 22,350 - 27,722.6 7,720 27,722.6 - 31,617.6 8,222 31,617.6 - 35,471 9,850 35,471 Interal security 647 4,387 2,454 5,028 751 5,295 3,207 6,046 689.7 6,631.1 4,0O5 7,320.8 879.1 7,352.2 4,441 8,231.3 947 8,665 5, 518 9,612 coasral admix. 405 2,530 1,488 2,935 524 3,966 1,892 3,490 276.7 4,471.6 2,386 4,748.3 346.8 3,962.2 2,433 4,309.0 460 4,887 2,951 5,348 Debt srvice - 10,033 - 10,033 - 12,393 - 12,393 - 17,530.9 - 17,530.9 - 21,009.5 - 21,008.5 - 27,150 - 27,150 Miscellaneous 900 8,463 5 9,363 900 6,191 7 7,091 - 7,528.3 8 7,528.3 - 13,886.5 13 13,886.5 - 9,901 - 9,901 Total 21,530 70,470 26,079 92.000 28,008 80,992 31,322 109,000 34,915.6 105,084.4 40,998 140,000.0 36,620.4 124,379.6 45,410 161,000.0 35,315 141,685 55,681 177,000 /a Wges include *elaries, vwes, temporary ges And re_mration. It is a subcategory of current expenditures. [Non-wvpes current expendits - (2)-(3).] w /b Total expenditures - cepital + current expenditure - (1) + (2). Soureet lureau of the Budget, Budgets in Brief. ML.2 - 32- ANNEX 3 Table 16 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT NESDB Budget Appropriation Projections for the Fifth Plan Period (million baht) Fiscal years 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Nondevelopment 94,296 104,329 122,770 143,320 171,430 Administration 33,742/a 32,338 34,960 39,330 47,230/b Defense 31,314 35,229 42,640 49,920 60,700 Debt Service 21,009 27,150 33,880 41,170 48,120 Internal Security 8,231 9,612 11,290 12,900 15,380 Development 63,054 69,921 80,340 93,600 111,700 Economic Sectors 20,534 21,191 24,660 29,630 36,510 - Agriculture & Irrigation 10,841 11,439 13,350 16,190 20,330 - Industry & Mining 513 634 820 950 1,140 - Commerce & Services 329 377 510 670 860 - Transport & Communications 8,089 8,347 9,350 10,960 13,140 - Energy 762 394 630 860 1,040 Social Sectors 42,520 48,730 55,680 63,970 75,190 - Social Development 2,040 2,349 2,890 3,480 4,290 - Public Utilities 2,682 2,489 3,090 3,580 4,290 - Public Health 6,460 7,641 8,450 10,080 1.2,170 - Education 31,392 36,251 41,250 46,830 54,440 Special Programs 3,650 2,750 2,890 3,030 3,270 Rural Employment and Poverty Eradication 3,650 2,750 2,890 3,030 3,270 Total Budget Appropriation 161,000 177,000 206,000 240,000 286,400 Revenue 116,000 145,000 177,000 216,000 *26,6,000 Budget Deficit 45,000 32,000 29,000 24,000 20,400 /a Salary increase 5,000 million baht. /b Salary increase 8,400 million baht. Source: NESDB, August 30, 1982 MANAGING PUBLTC RESOURCES. FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Central Government Development Expenditures by Function, Fourth and Fifth Plan Periods (Million baht) FY77 FY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share (B) j1) (B) %. ()/ () ( %B) %.Z () Economic services /b 9,870 14.3 11,169 13.8 11,928 13.0 15,897 14.6 24,608 17.6 26,026 16.2 Education 14,287 20.8 15,779 19.5 17,370 18.9 22,070 20.2 27,383 19.6 31,376 19.5 Public health and utilities services, etc./c 4,775 6.9 4,682 5.7 6,547 7.1 7,936 7.3 8,189 5.8 10,795 6.7 Total Development Expenditures 28,930 42.1 32,077 39.6 35,846 39.0 45,900 42.1 60,179 43.0 68,198 42.4 Total nondevelopeent expendi- tures 39,860 57.9 48,923 60.4 56,154 61.0 63,100 57.9 79,821 57.0 92,802 57.6 Total Expenditures 68,790 100.0 81,000 100.0 92,000 100.0 109,000 100.0 140,000 100.0 161,000 100.0 Fourth Plan Fifth Plan. FY83 FY84 FY85 FY86 FY77-81 FY82-86 Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share (B) (%) (B) (%) (B) (X) (B) (Z) (B) (X) (B) _t) Economic Services /B 2-,. 55 13.9 27,55 . t - 32,66e 13=6 39,780 13-Q 71 672 15.0 150-571 14.1 Education 36,147 20.4 41,250 20.0 46,830 19.5 54,400 19.0 96,889 19.7 210,003 19.6 Public health and utilities services, etc./c 11,846 6.7 14,430 7.0 17,140 7.1 20,730 7.2 32,128 6.6 74,961 7.0 Total Development Expenditures 72,548 41.0 83,230 40.4 96,630 40.2 114,970 40.1 202,932 41.4 435,576 40.7 Total nondevelopment expendi- tures 104,452 59.0 122,770 59.6 143,320 59.8 171,430 59.9 287,858 58.6 634,774 59.3 Total ExDenditures 177,000 100.0 206,000 100.0 240,000 100.0 286,400 100.0 490,790 100.0 1,070,350 100.0 /a Share of functional item in total expenditures. 7b Following BOB classification, it includes agriculture, fuel and power, manufacturing and mineral resources, transportation a.ad communication, and special program for employment and poverty eradication. /c Includes public health expenditures, development expenditures for public utilities, social development, general administra- tion and 'others." Source: 1979-83 BOB budget in brief; 1984-86 NESDB Macroplanning Division. -x THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTKENT State Enterprises Recurrent and Capital Expenditures, Estimates and Projections (-illion baht) Fourth plan Fifth plan (1977-81) (1982-86) Fiscal year 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 Amount Share Amount Share Rtecurrent Expenditures Agriculture 774 841 964 1,154 1,537 3,993 4,906 6,072 7,628 9,618 4,370 1.6 32,218 3.5 Industry and mining, and commerce and *rvices 8,223 9,055 10,004 13,008 15,729 29,593 32,075 36,997 43,089 50,156 56,019 20.4 191,910 20.8 Transport and comunica- tions 8,924 11,356 15,009 21,159 25,943 31,825 36,829 43,142 49,861 56,579 82,391 29.9 218,236 23.6 Energy 10,074 13,418 14,982 26,643 38,371 54,025 67,520 85,758 110,964 134,625 103,488 37.6 452,892 49.0 Public utilities and social development 3,713 4,619 5,321 6,649 7,702 3,810 4,654 6,055 6,910 7,901 28,004 10.2 29,331 3.2 Total Recurrent 31,708 39,289 0 68,613 89,282 123,246 145,984 178,024 218,452 258,880 275,172 100.0 924,587 100.0 Capital Expenditures Agriculture 44 196 528 462 305 456 366 416 473 542 1,535 1.5 2,253 0.9 Industry and mining, and commerce and services 517 352 289 521 733 1,209 925 1,238 1,300 1,269 2,412 2.4 5,941 1.9 Transport and communica- tions 3,081 5,730 7,041 9,724 7,507 9,360 10,756 18,024 20,758 18,690 33,083 32.8 77,588 29.9 Energy 3,802 6,801 5,242 15,783 19,680 24,962 24,913 28,948 32,023 27,289 51,308 50.9 138,135 53.3 Public utilities and social development 1,954 2,861 2,379 2,552 2,667 6,721 7,306 6,998 7,020 7,381 12,413 12.3 35,426 13.7 Total Capital 9,398 15,940 15,479 29,042 30,892 42,708 44,266 55,624 61,574 55,171 100,751 100.0 259,343 100.0 Total Expenditures 41,106 55,229 61,759 97,655 120,174 165,954 190,250 233,648 280,026 314,051 375,923 1,183,930 Sources: 1977-81: BOT data on state enterprises fixed capital and operational expenditures. Consolidation of recurrent expenditures in the energy sector carried out by Mission; estimate for consolidation based on 1982 consolidation which was extrapolated back maintaining constant the previous trend factor. 1982-86: NESDB projections; consolidation for current expenditures in energy sector carried out by Mission. I > 35 ANNEX 3 Table 19 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTMRAI ADJUSTMhENT Consolidated Public Expenditures (1.977-82) (Million babt) Piscall ea 1981 1982 1977 1978 1979 1980 /a /a Defense and administration 22,807 30,897 37,381 46,801 52,571 60,661 Agriculture 6,957 8,119 9,761 12,228 14,340 16,744 Industry and mining 9,083 9,740 10,649 13,992 17,093 20,333 Transport and communication 18,731 23,788 29,413 42,045 46,454 55,485 Energy 13,822 19,603 19,876 42,173 58,579 70,700 Education 6,682 7,869 9,381 11,562 25,786 30,363 Health 2,677 3,166 3,851 4,410 4,688 5,725 Others 26,259 32,962 37,700 49,948 44,862 55,166 Total 107,018 136,144 158,01 223,159 264,373 315,177 /a Preliminary. /b Estimate Source: BOT; consolidation carried out by Mission. THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Total Central Government and State Enterprises Expenditures: An Unconsolidated /a Comparison between the Fourth and FifthPlan Periods (Million baht) Fourth Plan period Fifth Plan period Central State Central State government enterprises Total government enterprises Total Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share Amount Share (B) (I) (B) (X) (B) (X) (B) (M) (B) (2) (B) (1) Agriculture 45,153 9.2 5,905 1.6 51,058 5.9 95,261 8.9 34,471 2.9 129,732 5.8 Transport and communication 49,079 10.0 115,474 30.7 164,553 19.0 85,628 8.0 295,824 25.0 381,452 16.9 Energy 1,963 0.4 154,796 41.2 156,759 18.1 3,211 0.3 591,027 49.9 594,238 26.4 Industry, mining, commerce and services 6,871 1.4 58,431 15.5 65,302 7.5 22,477 2.1 197,851 16.7 220,328 9.8 Education 99,630 20.3 - - 99,630 11.5 217,281 20.3 - - 217,281 9.6 Public health 20,613 4.2 - - 20,613 2.4 48,166 4.5 - - 48,166 2.1 Social security, welfare and public utilities 33,865 6.9 40,417 10.8 74,282 8.6 69,573 6.5 64,757 5.5 134,330 6.0 Defense, administration, etc. 143,801 29.3 - - 143,801 16.6 299,698 28.0 - - 299,698 13.3 Debt service (central govern- ment) 56,441 11.5 - - 56,441 6.5 151,990 14.2 - - 151,990 6.7 Miscellaneous (central govern- ment) 35,337 7.2 - - 35,337 4.1 77,065 7.2 - - 77,065 3.4 Total 490,790 100.0 375,923 100.0 866,713 100.0 1,070,350 100.0 1,183,930 100.0 2,254,280 100.0 /a It is unconsolidated because it adds central government and state enterprise expenditures without netting out Central Government transfers to state enterprises. Such transfers are not large, hence the shares would not change significantly. Note also that local government and foreign-financed expenditures of the central government are not Included here. These expenditures are are typically less than 52 of consolidated public expenditures. Sources: Fourth plan: Central Government: budget appropriations, BOB; state enterprises: BOT figures, consolidation for energy sector done here. Fifth plan: Central Government: projections made here on basis of (i) CG budget appropriation for FY82 and FY83, and (11) NESDB projected development expenditures for each sector; state enterprises: projections based on NESDB figures and consolidation of energy sector done here. 37 - ANNEX 3 Table 21 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR S'RUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Summary Comparison of Investment Programs by MaJor State Enterpries FY82-86 (B billion State enterprise NESDB programs (August (June 1982) 1982) Mission Energy 160.8, 138.1 111.5 Transport (excluding roads) 96.0 46.0 42.0 Telecommunications (TOT only) 55.4 34.4 44.3 Other 40.8 40.8 40.8 Total 353.1. 259.3 238.6 Source: Mission estimates. ANNEX 3 -38 - Table 22 THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT Listing of State Enterprises Covered by NESDB Projections Agriculture Commerce & Services Marketing Org. Forest Industry Org. Warehouse Org. Fishery Org. Thai Handicraft Shop Cold Storage Co. United Thai Hotel Co. ORRAF Tourist Org. Dairy Farm Promotion Org. Lottery Public Utilities MWWA PWWA Housing Authority Industry & Mining Mass Transit Authority Tobacco Co. Transport & Communications Gunny Bag Factory Thai International Airways Northeastern Gunny Bag Co. Thai Airways Glass Org. TOT Textile Org. ETO Prserved Food Org. 34TA Buttery Org. Transport Co. Leather Org. CAT Phatmaceutical Org. Aeronautical Org. Thai Plywood Co. SRT Industrial Estate Authority Port Authority Paper Factory Mass Communications Org. Sugar Factory Thai Maritime Co. Cholbury Sugar Factory Bangkok Co. Mining Org. Aviation Authority Offshore Mining Org. Liquor Org. Energy Playing Card Factory EGAT Marble Co. MEA Policy Printing House PEA Aluminum Org. PTT Source: NESDB, Macro Planning Division. - 39 ANNEX 4 MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRtFCTURAL ADJUSTMENT List of World Bank Reports on Thsiland: 1981-83 Perspectives for Financial Reform, Report No. 4085-TH, July 1983. Growth and EmLployment in Rural Thailand, Report No. 3906-TH, April 1983. Program and P'olicy Priorities for an Agricultural Economy in Transition, (in four volumes), Report No. 3705a-TH, December 1982. Energy IssueEs and Prospects, Report No. 2813-TH, May 1981. Shadow Prices for Economic Appraisal of Projedts: An'Application to Thailand, World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 609, Deceamber 1982. Aggregate Demand and Macroeconomic Imbalances in-Thailand:' Sihivlations with the Siam I Model, World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 448, April 1981. Thailand: An Analysis of Structural and'Non-StructurAl Adjustments, World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 513, June 1982. - 40 - THAILAND MANAGING PUBLIC RESOURCES FOR STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT STATISTICAL APPENDIX Contents Page No. Standard Tables Table A National Accounts Summary (Current Baht) .... ............. 43 B National Accounts Summary (Constant US$) .... ............. 44 C Balance of Payments (Current US$) ........* . ............. 45 Table 1.1 Population ..................... ......................... 46 1.2 Employment Estimates ............... .. .................... 47 1.3 Estimates of Crude Birth Rates ......... .................. 48 1.4 Trend in the Crude Death Rates ........... ............... 49 1.5 Percentage of Married Women Practicing Contraception ... 50 1.6 New Acceptors in the National Family Planning Program .... 51 2.1 Gross Domestic Product at Current Market Prices by Industrial Origin .................................. 52 2.2 Percentage Distribution of Gross Domestic Product at Current Market Prices by Industrial Origin .... ...... 53 2.3 Gross Domestic Product at Current Factor Cost by Industrial Origin .................................. 54 2.4 Gross Domestic Product at Constant Market Prices by Industrial Origin ............................,.55 2.5 Growth of Gross Domestic Product at Constant Market Prices by Industrial Origin ........................... 56 2.6 Implicit Price Deflators for GDP at Market Prices by Industrial Origin . ........................... 57 2.7 Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product at Current Market Prices ........................... 58 2.8 Percentage Distribution of Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product at Current Market Prices .............. 59 2.9 Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product at Constant Prices .60 2.10 Percentage Growth of Expenditure on Gross Domestic Product at Constant Prices .61 3.1 Summary Balance of Payments .62 3.2 Principal Merchandise Exports .63 3.3 Other Merchandise Exports .64 3.4 Merchandise Exports by Countries ...................... 65 3.5 Principal Merchandise Exports by Countries .66 3.6 Merchandise Imports .68 3.7 Financing of Merchandise Imports .69 3.8 Merchandise Imports by Countries .70 3.9 Services .71 - 41 - Page No. Table 3.10 Investment Income ........................................ 72 3.11 Government, n.i.e . ....................................... 73 3.12 Transfers ....... ......................................... 74 3.13 Capital Movements .................. ...................... 75 3.14 International Reserves ........... ........................ 81 3.15 Trade Indices and Terms of Trade ........................ 82 3.16 Duties on Imports by Economic Classification ............ 83 3.17 Imports and Exports of Crude Oil and Petroleum Products.. 84 3.18 Composition of Oil Imports .............. ................ 85 4.1 External Debt and Debt Service Obligations ............ .. 86 4.2 External Public Debt Outstanding Including Undisbursed as of December 31, 1982 ............. .. ................ 87 4.3 Projected Service Payments, Disbursements and Outstanding Amounts of External Public Debt as of December 31, 1982 .............. ................ 88 5.1 Consolidated Public Sector Expenditures ................. 89 5.2 Financing of Consolidated Public Sector Expenditures .... 90 5.3 Central Government Expenditures ......................... 91 5.4 Central Government Revenue ............................... 92 5.5 Financing of Central Government Expenditures ..- ....... 93 5.6 Local Government Accounts *----------- .. 94 5.7 State Enterprises Gross Fixed Capital Expenditurei, and Their Financing ................................... 95 5.8 Central Government Receipts, Bud.get FY77-82 .............. 96 5.9 Functional Classification of Cerntral Government Expenditure Budget, FY79-82 .......... I ................. 97 6.1 Evaluation of Monetary SituatiotL - Calendar Years ....... 98 6.2 Evaluation of Monetary Situation - Quarterly ............ 99 6.3 Selected Data of Commercial Banks ....................... 100 6.4 Bills, Loans and Overdrafts of Commercial Banks Classified by Purpose .................... 101 7.1 Area Planted, Yield and Product'Lon of Major Crops, 1959/60-1981/82 ................... 102 7.2 Proportion of Planted Area in Major Crops .... ........... 103 7.3 Paddy and Rice Supply by Glutinous and Nonglutinous ..... 104 7.3a Paddy Supply and Rice Utilization ....................... 105 7.4 Rice Export Premium ..................................... 106 7.5 Development of Producer Prices oDf Major Commodities in Thailand, 1968-81 ..................................... 107 7.6 Export and Domestic Prices of Rice and Paddy .... ........ 108 7.7 Rice Reserve Requirement ................................ 109 7.8 Average Wholesale Prices (BangkDk) of Selected Agricultural Commodities ............................... 110 7.9 Paddy Production and Rice Exports .................111 7.10 Nutrient to Crop Price Ratios for Selected Fertilizers and Crops, 1968-78 ........................... 112 - 42 - Page No. Table 7.11 Fertilizer Use and Supply, 1969-81 . .................... 113 7.12 Fertilizer Use, by Crop and by Region ..... ............. 114 7.13 Distribution of Farm Size by Major Crops, 1978 ......... 115 8.1 Production and Capacity of Selected Manufacturing Industries ........... ................................ 116 8.2 Gross Domestic Product Originating from Manufacturing at Current Market Prices ........................-.117 8.3 Gross Domestic Product Originating from Manufacturing at Constant Prices .118 8.4 Statistics of Promoted Investbent . 119 8.5 Mineral Production .. 120 8.6 Tourism - Basic Data ................................... 121 8.7 Selected Nominal and Effective Tariff Rates, 1971, 1974, 1978 and 1981 ........... 122 8.8 Changes in Nominal Legal Minimum Wages and Index of Real Minimum Wages by Region: 1973-1981 ........... 123 8.9 Energy Consumption by Source ..... ... ... 124 8.10 Refinery Balance ........... 125 8.11 Petroleum Products Consumption by Economic Sectors . 126 8.12 Petroleum Products Retail Price . 127 9.1 Consumer Price Index for Whole Kingdom by Groups . 128 9.2 Consumer Price Index for Bangkok Metropolis by Groups . 129 Table R1.1 Regional Population ... 130 R2.1 Gross Regional Product - Bangkok (Current Baht) .. 131 R2.2 Gross Regional Product - Center (Current Baht) .. 132 R2.3 Gross Regional Product - North (Current Baht) . . 133 R2.4 Gross Regional Product - Northeast (Current Baht) .. 134 R2.5 Gross Regional Product - South (Current Baht) . . 135 R2.6 Gross Regional Product - Whole Kingdom (Current Baht). 136 R2.7 Gross Regional Product - Bangkok (Constant Baht .. 137 R2.8 Gross Regional Product - Center (Constant Baht) .. 138 R2.9 Gross Regional Product - North (Constant Baht) .. 139 R2.10 Gross Regional Product - Northeast (Constant Baht) .. 140 R2.11 Gross Regional Product - South (Constant Baht) . 141 R2.12 Gross Regional Product - Whole Kingdom (Constant Baht). 142 R7.1 Area Planted, Yield and Production of Major Crops, 1959/60 - 1981/82, Central Region ..... .............. 143 R7.2 Area Planted, Yield and Production of Major Crops, 1959/60 - 1981/82, Northern Region ..... ............. 144 R7.3 Area Planted, Yield and Production of Major Crops, 1959/60 - 1981/82, Northeastern Region .... .......... 145 R7.4 Area Planted, Yield and Production of Major Crops, 1959/60 - 1981/82, Southern Region ..... ............. :146 R9.1 Consumer Price Index by Regions ....147 Table A: NATIONAL ACCOUNTS SUMMARY (Millions of current baht) 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Gross Domestic Product 337,635 393,030 469,952 5 684,930 786,166 858,370 Resource Gap (M-X) 8,181 21,179 18,859 34,026 36,866 38,014 4,621 Imports (GNFS) 79,387 103,377 119,867 165,846 204,591 233,765 216,358 Exports (G+NFS) 71,206 82,198 101,008 131,820 167,725 195,751 211,737 Total Expenditure 345,816 414,209 488,811 590,266 721,796 824,180 862,991 Consumption 267,372 311 969 361,861 429 979 535,538 629,701 676 911 General Goverment 37,084 41,67 5 66,937 82,026 95,731 109,710 Private 230,288 270,293 308,264 363,042 453,512 533,970 567,201 Investment 78,444 102,-240 126,950 160 287 186,258 194,479 186,080 Fixed investment 73,272 98,632 116650 44,356 177,099 189,067 188,204 Changes in stocks 5,172 3,608 10,300 15,931 9,159 5,412 -2,124 Domestic Saving 70,263 81,061 108-091 126 261 149 392 156 465 181 459 Net factor income -1,261 -5,402 -791 -12,490 21%7W 9 Current transfers 165 538 314 785 3,841 2,887 3,415 National Saving 69,167 79,585 103,003 117L255 140,743 137,565 161,092 Average Exchange Rates: Uaht ner US dollar 20.400 20.400 20.336 20.418 20.476 21.820 23.000 Baht per SDR 23.552 23.817 25.461 26.381 26.650 25.729 25.392 Source: NESDB - 44 - Table B: NATIONAL ACCOUNTS SUMMARY (Millions of US$ at 1978 prices) 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Gross Domestic Product 19,578.8 20,984.6 23,109.4 24.509.4 25,920.2 27,550.5 28,702.2 Terms of Trade Effect 193.7 -9.4 0.0 181.1 -94.8 -954.3 -2,199.6 Gross Domestic Income 19,772.5 20,975.2 23,109.4 24,690.5 25,825.4 26,596.2 26,502.5 Resource Gap 466.5 1 123.0 927.4 1 447.0 1,262.7 1,137.0 130.8 Imports (G+NFS) 4,523.2 5,481.4 5,945 7,052.9 7,007.4 6,992.2 6,125.7 Less: Capacity to import 4,060.6 4,358.4 4,966.9 -5,605.9 -5,744.7 -5,855.1 5,994.9 Exports (G+NFS) 3,866.9 4,367.8 4,966.9 5,424.8 5,839.5 6,809.4 8,194.5 Total Expenditurs 20,239.1 22,098.2 24,036.7 26,137.5 27,088.1 27,733.2 26,633.4 Consumption 15 821.7 16 398.6 17 794.1 19 357.8 20 454.5 21 085.5 20 629.1 General Government 2,073.6 2,259.3 2,635.6 3,053.7 3 094.2 3,362.7 3,445.9 Private 13,748.1 14,139.4 15,158.5 16,304.2 17,360.4 17,722.7 17,183.2 Investment 4.417.3 5,699.5 6,242.6 6,779.7 6,633.5 6,647.7 6,004.3 Fixed investment 4,032.1 5,347.4 5,736.1 6,186.6 6,383.7 6,484.3 6,059.5 Changes in stocks 385.2 352.1 506.5 593.1 249.8 163.5 -55.2 Domestic Saving 3,950.8 4,576.5 5,315.3 5,332.6 5,370.8 5,510.7 5,873.4 Net factor income -73.6 -107.1 -265.6 -431.8 -465.5 -683.3 -648.9 Current transfers 9.6 28.6 15.4 34.6 129.7 90.5 93.2 National Saving 3,886.8 4,498.0 5,065.1 4,935.4 5,035.1 4,918.0 5,317.7 Baht Deflators (1978 - 100) Gross domestic product .8480 .9210 1.0000 1.1160 1.2994 1.4032 1.4706 Imports (G+NFS) .8623 .9274 1.0000 1.1563 1.4357 1.6440 1.7368 Exports (G+NFS) .9055 .9254 1.0000 1.1949 1.4124 1.4136 1.2706 Total Expenditures .8402 .9217 1.0000 1.1105 1.3103 1.4614 1.5934 Government consumption .8794 .9071 1.0000 1.0779 1.3036 1.3999 1.5656 Private consunption .8237 .9400 1.0000 1.0949 1.2846 1.4816 1.6232 Fidxed investment .8936 .9070 1.0000 1.1474 1.3642 1.4338 1.5273 Changes in Stocks .6602 .5039 1.0000 1.3210 1.8027 1.6280 1.8905 Exchange Rate Index (US cents per baht) 1.0031 1.0031 1.0000 1.0040 1.0069 1.0730 1.1310 Source: NESDB - 45 - Table C: BALANCE OF PATh UTS (Ktllions of US$ at current prices) 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Exlports (G+NFS) 3 490.5 4 029.3 4 967.0 6 456.1 8.191.3 8 971.2 9 206.0 Merchandise (fob) 2!958.9 3,454.1 4.044.6 5,234.7 6,448.5 6,884.4 6,839.4 lNonfactor services 531.6 575.3 922.4 1,221.4 1,742.7 2,086.7 2,366.6 Imports (G+NFS) 3 891.5 5,067.5 5 894.3 8.122.' 9,991.7 10.713.3 9.406.9 Mierchandise (fob) 3:145.0 4,247.0 4,913.0 6,787.0 8,352.0 8,930.3 7,582.4 Nonfactor services 746.5 820.5 981.3 1,335.5 1,639.7 1,783.0 1,824.5 Resource Balance -401.0 -1,038.2 -927.4 -1,666.i -1,800.4 -1,742.2 -200.9 Net Factor Income -61.8 -98.7 -265.6 -479.5 -610.0 -998.5 -1,034.0 Factor receipts 154.3 148.9 165.5 206.8 260.2 265.5 245.8 Factor payments 216.2 247.6 431.2 686.4 870.2 1,264.0 1,390.9 (Mlt. interest paid) n.a. n.a. (316.0) (554.0) (728.0) (1,026.0) (1,082.0) N;et Current Transfers 8.1 26.4 15.4 38.4 187.6 132.3 148.5 'Transfer receipts 19.5 38.6 27.4 50.7 206.7 146.4 163.4 'Transfer payments 11.4 12.2 12.0 12.3 19.1 14.1 14.9 Current Balance 454.8 -1,110.5 -1,177.6 -2,107., -2222.8 -2,608.3 -1,086.4 ![t. Capital Inflow Direct investment 79.1 106.1 49.7 51.3 186.4 291.6 183.3 Official grant aid 14.7 12.9 24.7 21.'5 28.8 36.8 28.4 Net mlt. loans (DRS) 247.5 346.4 669.8 1,417.' 1,665.6 1,628.5 1,208.8 Disbursements 518.9 663.3 1,286.2 2,058.0 2,384.6 2,250.6 2,012.4 Repayments 271.4 316.9 616.4 640.1 719.0 622.1 803.6 Cther Mlt. Loans (neit) -8.8 -24.1 -72.2 58.S 251.6 -492.2 189.1 Net Credit From IMF 77.1 17.0 180.2 112.5 -6.0 536.6 31.8 Disbursements Repayments Net Short-Term Capital 220.7 617.4 713.7 498.3 -64.1 87.8 -179.6 Capital Flows net n.e.i. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Errors and Omissions -18.1 43.5 -231.7 19.9 -196.1 135.8 -475.5 Changes in Net Reserves (- indicate increase) -157.4 -8.7 -156.6 -72.6 356.6 -601.0 100.1 Source: NESDB - 46 - Table 1.1: POPULATION (Millions) Growth rates (x) Mid-year for 5-year period 1960 26.3 1970 36.4 3.3 /a Estimates 1971 37.4 1972 38.4 1973 39.4 1974 40.4 1975 41.4 2.4 /a /b 1976 42.4 1977 43.4 1978 44.5 1979 45.5 1980 46.5 1981 47.5 Projections 1985 51.3 1.9 1990 55.3 1.5 1995 59.6 1.5 2000 63.8 1.4 /a Growth over 10-year period. /b Fertility decline which began in the late 1960s could not be documented until the mid-1970s when a number of fertility surveys were taken. Therefore, the rate of growth of population between 1970-75 overestimates the real rate of growth and the whole amount of the fertility decline over the 1970. is allocated to the 1975-80 period, probably understating the real rate of growth in this latter period. Note: The Population and Hbusing Census taken in April 1970 yielded a popula- tion estimate of 34.4 million. Since the census is believed to be an underenumeration, the 1970 population estimate was adjusted upwards to 36.1 million by the Working Group on the Population Projection of the Subcomittee of Population Policy. Source: Population and Manpower Planning Division, NESDB; and working group on Population Projections for the Fifth Plan. - 47 - Table 1.2: EMPLOYMENT ESTIMATES Thousands new jobs added Composition of Employment /a ('000) annually work force, 1970 1960 1970 1979 1970-79 % female % age 11-14 Agriculture 11,332 13,202 14,067 96 50 12 Mining and quarrying 30 87 86 - 27 7 Manufacturing 470 683 2,117 166 43 6 Construction 69 182 573 44 14 3 Electricity, gas, water and sanitary services 16 25 51 3 13 - Commerce 779 876 1,877 111 54 4 Transport, storage and communication 166 268 477 23 6 - Services 654 1,184 1,882 76 36 3 Unknown 234 146 n.a. Total 13,749 16,652 21,197 505 47 10 /a Economically active population, age 11 years and older, emp'Loyed in April. Note: These figures should be used with caution as the 1970 census, which was published in mid-1974, apparently underestimated the population, and per- haps also the work force. The census figures differ significantly from those given in the annual labor force surveys for 1969 and 1971. In addition, sectoral employment reported in 1969 and 1971 to 1973 surveys shows improbably large annual fluctuat:ions. Source: Census Reports, 1960, 1970; Labor Force Survey 1979, Round 1. - 48 - Table 1.3: ESTIMATES OF CRUDE BIRTH RATES, 1920-81 (per thousand) Year CBR /a Year CBR /b 1920 48.8 1968 4.2.5 1930 49.6 1969 39.6 1940 42.4 1970 39.4 1950 44.0 1975 3.5.6 1960 44.3 1978 30).4 1965 41.2 1979 30.7 1966 39.5 1980 30.1 1967 40.0 1981 29.1 /a United Nations. Population of Thailand ESCAP. Country Monograph Series No. 3. Bangkok, Thailand, 1976, p. 219. lb Estimated using registration data on births adjusted for 30.0% under- registration (based on the results of the Survey of Population Change, Round 2, 1974-76, and estimates given by the Director of the Statistical Division, MOI), and base populations (low fertility variant) obtained from Population Projections for Thailand: Whole Kingdom and Regions 1970-2005. Working Group on Population Projections. July 1981. The CBR for 1980 is similar to that estimated for Thailand by the World Development Indicators, 1982. - 49 - Table 1.4: TREND IN CRUDE DEATH RATES (CDR), 1920-81, SELECTED YEARS (Per thousand) Year Crude death rate Year Crude death rate 1920 31.3 1930 27.9 1940 17.0 1950 15.9 1960 12.2 1965 9.9 1975 8.5 1966 10.3 1967 9.9 1978 8.1 1968 9.7 1979 8.0 1969 9.9 1980 8.0 1970 8.8 1981 7.6 Sources: 1920-70: ESCAP. Population of Thailand. Country Monograph Series No. 3. Bangkok, Thailand., 1976, Table 50. 1975-81: Estimated, using registration data on death adjusted for 50.0% underregistration (the 1980) CDR is s:Lmilar to that estimated for Thailand by the World Development Indica- tors, 1982) and base populations (low variant) obtained from Population Projections for Thailand: Whole King- dom and Regions, 1970-2005. Worlking Group on Population Projections, July 1981. - 50 - Table 1.5: PERCENTAGE OF MARRIED WOMEN PRACTICING CONTRACEPTION, BY AGE AND PLACE OF RESIDENCE All ages Residence Stand- & year of Age of women Unstand- ardized survey 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 ardized for age Rural 1969 0.4 4.2 10.9 16.2 14.0 10.0 10.9 10.5 1972 5.0 18.3 25.0 27.4 31.9 15.7 22.8 22.8 1975 16.7 28.5 39.9 42.4 40.3 27.6 34.8 34.9 1978/79 30.0 44.6 53.5 58.4 59.4 45.8 51.3 51.2 1981 27.1 46.1 60.8 67.0 66.9 53.7 57.7 57.0 Urban 1970 (12.0) 18.9 29.7 43.6 37.2 30.2 32.6 30.9 1973 (15.6) 29.6 45.6 51.0 53.3 46.3 45.1 43.2 1975 (32.6) 46.8 47.2 54.3 54.8 48.9 49.4 49.2 1978/79 (38.1) 42.7 58.5 73.3 77.8 69.8 62.8 62.5 1981 (41.7) 55.0 58.9 71.0 76.2 70.3 65.2 64.3 National 1969/70 3.8 6.9 14.4 22.0 18.0 13.1 14.8 14.4 1972/73 6.0 20.1 28.6 31.4 35.6 19.4 26.3 26.0 1975 18.1 30.9 41.0 44.0 42.3 30.5 36.7 36.8 1978/79 31.3 44.2 54.4 61.1 62.8 49.5 53.4 53.1 1981 29.0 47.5 67.4 67.7 68.6 56.4 59.0 58.2 1982 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 58.7 n.a. n.a. = not available. /a Bangkok metropolitan area. /b Excluding provincial urban. Note: The age distribution of currently married women in the whole country as reported in the 1970 census was used as the basis of the age standardization. Results in parentheses are based on at least 10 but fewer than 50 cases. Results based on fewer than 10 cases are not shown. Sources: 1969-81: Knodel et al., "Fertility in Thailand: Trends, Differentials and Proximate Determinants," National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C. (Draft), 1982, Table 5.2. 1982: MOPH. - 51 - Table 1.6: NEW ACCEPTORS IN THE NATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAM Injectable Female Year Total Pill IUD hormonal/a sterilization Vasectomy 1965-68 186,893 17,861 125,458 n.a. 47,574 1969 130,219 60,459 54,496 n.a. 15,264 1970 225,439 132,387 74,404 n.a. 18,648 1971 404,187 294,607 86,304 n.a. 23,546 1972 45,6,694 327,582 90,128 6,316S 32,668 1973 422,176 268,674 93,449 10,447 49,606 1974 494,479 305,244 89,739 19,01.4 73,702 6,780 1975 535,023 345,117 75,163 24,559 82,650 7,534 1976 627,239 376,707 71,894 73,357 95,131 10,150 1977 75'8,212 488,765 74,794 68,714 106,816 19,123 1978 890,713 557,857 77,775 86,62D 124,205 44,256 1979 984,590 614,525 78,082 117,451 138,732 35,300 1980 1,065,518 653,610 79,378 149,744 151,681 31,105 1981 1,063,269 634,902 80,134 170,491 149,338 28,404 1982 1,051,040 622,320 83,899 177,855 143,561 23,405 /a Totals for injectable acceptors 1972-75 includes acceptors of methods not listed here such as condoms and foam. n.a. - not available. Sources: 196.5-80: Knodel, et al., Table 5.5; 1981/82: data supplied by Family Health Division, representing service statisitics from collaborating public and private agencies. Table 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN (Billions of baht) 1982 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 /a Agriculture 38.5 40.8 49.9 73.2 84.7 94.1 104.7 110.9 129.1 147.1 173.8 187.9 177.2 Crops 26.8 28.1 36.0 56.4 62.2 69.7 77.5 79.1 96.2 108.0 130.4 138.9 129.8 Livestock 4.8 5.5 5.9 6.3 10.6 11.5 12.3 14.4 13.5 17.0 21.7 24.7 22.2 Fisheries 4.1 4.5 5.2 7.0 7.3 8.4 9.8 12.5 13.1 13.0 12.0 13.2 13.5 Forestry 2.8 2.7 2.9 3.5 4.6 4.5 5.0 5.0 6.3 9.1 9.7 11.1 11.6 Mining, quarrying 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.9 4.5 4.1 5.2 8.1 10.6 12.6 14.5 13.4 15.7 Manufacturing 21.8 24.9 27.9 35.6 49.4 53.9 63.0 74.7 89.1 109.7 134.5 158.3 177.1 Construction 8.3 7.3 7.2 8.3 10.7 12.8 15.8 20.3 24.8 29.2 39.9 42.0 44.8 Electricity, water supply 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.7 2.8 3.3 3.7 4.4 5.2 6.1 6.3 10.7 12.4 Transportation, communications 8.6 9.0 10.5 13.2 16.0 18.8 21.8 24.7 29.6 37.8 45.3 57.3 68.7 Trade 25.9 26.3 29.9 41.1 53.9 54.7 59.4 74.9 90.1 102.9 128.7 150.3 167.6 Banking, insurance, real estate 5.6 6.3 6.9 8.8 12.8 14.6 16.1 19.5 24.6 31.4 41.9 52.0 61.2 Ownership of dwellings 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.4 4.8 5.3 5.8 6.3 7.4 8.4 9.9 Public administration, defense 6.1 6.7 7.2 8.3 10.5 12.3 13.6 14.8 17.9 21.6 28.3 30.7 37.0 Other services 13.9 15.5 16.8 18.9 21.8 25.9 29.5 35.4 43.1 51.5 64.4 75.2 86.8 Gross Domestic Product 136.1 144.6 164.6 216.5 271.4 298.8 337.6 393.0 470.0 556.2 684.9 786.7 858.4 Net factor income from abroad +0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 +0.8 -0.2 -1.3 -2.0 -5.4 -9.8 -12.5 -21.8 -23.8 Gross national product 136.4 144.6 164.3 216.1 272.2 298.6 336.4 393.0 464.5 546.4 672.4 764.4 834.6 /a Preliminary. Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table 2.2: PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 /a Agriculture 28.3 28.2 30.3 33.8 31.2 31.5 31.0 28.2 27.5 26.4 25.4 23.9 20.6 Crops 19.7 19.4 21.8 26.1 22.9 23.3 23.0 20.1 20.5 19.4 19.0 17.7 15.1 Livestock 3.6 3.8 3.6 2.9 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.7 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.6 Fisheries 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.2 2.8 2.3 1.8 1.7 1.6 Forestry 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 Mining, quarrying 2.0 2.1 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.5 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.1 1.7 1.8 Manufacturing 16.0 17.2 16.9 16.5 18.2 18.0 18.7 19.0 19.0 19.7 19.6 20.1 20.6 Construction 6.1 5.1 4.4 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.7 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.8 5.3 5.2 Electricity, water supply 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.5 Transportation, communications 6.3 6.2 6.4 6.1 5.9 6.3 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.8 6.6 7.3 8.0 Trade 19.1 18.2 18.1 i9.0 19.9 18.3 l7. 19.1 l9.2 18.5 1QR 19.1 19.5 Banking, insurance, real estate 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.7 4.9 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.6 6.1 6.6 7.1 Ownership of dwellings 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 Public administration, defense 4.5 4.6 4.4 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.3 Other services 10.2 10.7 10.2 8.7 8.0 8.7 8.7 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.6 10.1 Gross Domestic Product i00.0 iO0.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 OO 10o0O 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 /a Preliminary. Source: NESDB. Table 2.3: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT FACTOR COST BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN (Billions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/a Agriculture 38.2 40.4 49.6 73.0 84.4 93.6 104.2 110.4 128.6 146.5 173.3 187.5 176.6 Crops 26.6 27.9 35.7 56.3 62.1 69.4 77.3 78.8 95.8 107.6 130.0 138.7 129.6 Livestock 4.8 5.5 5.9 6.3 10.6 11.5 12.4 14.4 13.5 17.0 21.7 24.7 22.2 Fisheries 4.1 4.5 5.2 7.0 7.3 8.5 9.8 12.5 13.1 13.0 12.0 13.2 13.5 Forestry 2.7 2.6 2.7 3.4 4.5 4.3 4.8 4.8 6.2 8.9 9.6 10.9 11.4 Mining, quarrying 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.4 3.7 3.5 4.4 6.5 8.1 9.2 10.4 10.1 13.4 Manufacturing 16.7 19.2 21.4 27.9 37.0 41.5 50.4 57.4 70.2 86.9 109.1 125.9 139.7 Construction 8.1 7.2 7.0 8.1 10.4 12.6 15.6 19.9 24.4 28.7 38.9 40.8 43.6 Electricity, water supply 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.8 4.6 5.4 6.3 6.8 11.1 12.7 Transportation, communications 8.3 8.7 10.1 12.8 15.5 18.2 21.2 24.1 28.9 37.1 45.0 56.8 68.2 Trade 17.5 18.3 21.5 29.3 37.9 40.6 43.7 55.0 66.0 75.6 95.9 115.8 134.2 Banking, insurance, real estate 5.3 5.9 6.5 8.2 12.0 13.5 14.9 18.2 22.7 28.9 38.5 47.7 56.5 Ownership of dwellings 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.6 5.1 5.5 6.8 8.1 9.5 Public administration, defense 6.1 6.7 7.2 8.3 10.5 12.3 13.6 14.8 17.9 21.6 28.3 30.6 37.0 Other services 13.2 14.7 16.0 17.9 20.9 24.6 28.2 33.8 41.0 49.2 60.6 71.9 82.8 Gross domestic product at factor cost 120.3 128.4 146.8 193.8 239.1 267.7 304.2 349.3 418.2 495.3 613.5 706.3 774.3 Plus indirect taxes 15.8 16.2 -17.8 *2.7 32.2 3T1.1 -3-3 43.7 51i7 0.-9 71.5 79.9 6 0.3 less subsidies Gross domestic product at market prices 136.1 144.6 164.6 216.5 271.4 298.8 337.6 393.0 469.9 556.2 684.9 786.2 834.6 Gross domestic product at factor cost 120.3 128.4 146.8 193.8 239.1 267.7 304.2 349.3 418.2 495.3 613.5 706.3 774.3 Plus net factor income from rest of world 0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.8 -0.2 -1.3 -2.0 -5.4 -9.8 -12.5 -21.8 -23.8 Less provision for consump- tion of fixed capital 10.3 11.6 12.8 14.8 17.8 21.0 24.0 28.6 34.4 41.9 50.6 59.3 66.9 Net National Income 110.4 116.9 133.7 178.6 222.1 246.5 278.9 318.7 378.4 443.7 550.3 625.2 683.6 /a Preliminary. Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table 2.4: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN (Billions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/a Agriculture 48.3 50.5 49.9 56.2 57.0 62.1 65.9 65.5 72.5 71.4 72.8 77.7 77.8 Crops 35.5 37.0 *6. 41. 7 41.8 45.6 0 7 51.8 54.2 55 9.0 Livestock 5.0 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.7 7.4 7.6 8.1 8.5 8.9 9.0 9.5 9.5 Fisheries 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.7 5.9 7.5 7.4 7.3 6.3 6.8 6.4 Forestry 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.3 2.9 2.9 Nonagriculture 101.8 106.6 114.7 123.9 133.0 141.4 155.3 171.7 188.6 205.5 220.1 233.6 246.5 Mining, quarrying 2.6 2.9 2.9 7 2.9 2.5 2 3.5 4.1 4.5 4.8 4.6 4.6 Manufacturing 23.3 25.2 27.9 31.5 34.4 36.8 42.5 48.1 52.5 57.8 60.6 64.5 68.2 Construction 8.7 7.7 7.2 7.2 7.5 8.5 10.0 12.0 13.6 14.5 16.6 15.5 15.7 Electricity, water supply 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.1 4.5 5.2 5.6 6.3 6.8 Transportation, communications 9.2 9.4 10.5 11.3 12.1 13.4 13.4 14.5 16.2 17.7 18.8 20.2 21.9 Trade 26.5 27.2 29.9 33.4 34.3 35.8 38.8 41.2 43.7 45.5 48.2 51.1 52.7 an.-'g, '.-.n. urane, ~ren1 Prtate 5.8 6.6 6.9 7.6 8.9 9.6 10.2 11.6 13.4 15.6 17.4 19.2 21.5 Ownership of dwellings 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 .. e 4.1 4A= 4.5 4.7 4.9 Public administration, defense 6.5 7.0 7.2 7.7 7.9 8.4 8.9 9.6 10.2 11.6 12.4 13.2 13.8 Other services 14.5 15.7 16.8 18.5 18.8 19.7 21.3 23.3 26.4 28.8 31.2 34.2 36.3 Gross domestic product 150.1 157=1 164.6 180.1 190.0 203.5 221.2 237.2 261.1 276.9 292.9 311.3 324.3 Net factor income from abroad 0.3 O.O-0.3 -0. O. 6 -0.2 -1. 0 -1. b -- i 173 .13 5 Gross national product 150.4 157.1 164.3 179.8 190.6 203.3 220.2 235.6 257.0 269.9 284.6 298.3 310.8 /a Preliminary. Note: Totals may not add because of rounding Source: NESDB. Table 2.5: GROWTH OF GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT MARKET PRICES BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN (1972 Baht, %) 1982 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 /a Agriculture 4.6 -1.2 12.7 1.3 9.0 6.1 -0.5 10.6 -1.5 1.9 6.8 0.1 Crops 4.0 -2.7 16.0 0.1 9.3 7.4 -.5 14.5 -3.3 4.6 8.0 0.9 Livestock 11.5 4.8 6.7 6.7 10.1 3.3 6.3 5.1 4.9 1.1 5.4 -0.1 Fisheries 0.9 4.0 3.0 -1.2 8.3 2.9 27.1 -1.1 -1.8 -13.8 8.0 -5.8 Forestry 6.3 -3.3 0.2 11.8 3.5 1.0 -6.6 -4.5 13.0 -2.2 -12.7 -1.0 Nonagriculture 4.7 7.7 8.0 7.3 6.4 9.8 10.5 9.9 9.0 7.1 6.1 5.5 Mining, quarrying 1iT 1.1 -70 8. 1 16.9 21.3 16.4 10 5. -J -0.2 Manufacturing 8.1 10.6 13.1 9.1 6.9 15.6 13.0 9.3 10.1 4.8 6.4 5.8 Construction -11.6 -6.9 0.7 3.3 14.1 17.7 19.7 13.2 7.1 13.9 -6.5 1.4 Electricity, water supply 14.7 19.8 16.7 6.1 13.7 14.5 13.8 8.6 15.1 7.7 13.8 7.8 Transportation, communications 1.9 12.2 7.7 7.0 11.0 -0.6 8.3 12.0 9.0 6.5 7.4 8.6 Trade, wholesale and retail 2.5 9.9 5.1 9.1 4.4 8.5 6.2 5.9 4.2 6.0 6.0 3.1 Banking, insurance, real estate 13.0 5.5 10.0 17.4 7.7 6.0 13.4 16.1 15.9 11.8 10.2 11.9 Ownership of dwellings 3.5 3.0 3.6 4.2 3.0 3.1 4.3 6.0 5.8 5.0 4.9 4.3 Public administration, defense 8.0 2.6 7.2 2.3 6.3 6.4 7.4 6.4 14.0 7.2 6.2 4.7 Other services 8.0 7.5 9.7 1.5 4.8 8.0 9.3 13.3 9.2 8.3 9.7 6.1 Gross Domestic Product 4.7 4.8 9.4 5.4 7.1 8.7 7.2 10.1 6.1 5.8 *6.3 4.2 /a Based on preliminary data. Source: NESDB. Table 2.6: IMPLICIT PRICE DEFLATORS FOR GDP AT MARKET PRICES BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN (1972 - 100) i970 i971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 -8 _982 Agriculture 79.6 80.7 100.0 130.2 148.8 151.5 158.8 169.3 178.0 206.0 238.8 241.8 227.7 Crops 753 76.0 T10. 1 35.3 149.1 152.6 15.1i 169. 179.5 208.4 240.6 2 219.9 Livestock 96.2 97.6 100.0 100.0 158.0 155.5 162.1 177.8 158.6 189.8 241.0 260.3 234.2 Fisheries 82.1 89.7 100.0 130.1 137.3 147.4 166.0 166.1 176.5 178.8 191.0 194.5 212.2 Forestry 100.3 92.3 100.0 122.9 144.5 134.2 148.6 159.0 210.8 269.0 293.3 382.9 403.2 Nonagriculture 95.9 97.4 100.0 115.7 139.1 144.8 150.0 164.4 180.7 199.1 232.3 256.1 276.3 Mining, quarrying 1 i77 100.0 106.5 155.2 163.5 T178- 230.8 258.6 278. 303.2 289.3 340.3 Manufacturing 93.5 98.8 100.0 113.0 138.4 146.5 148.2 155.3 169.6 189.7 222.0 245.4 259.7 Construction 94.9 95.3 100.0 115.5 143.5 151.2 157.5 168.8 182.9 201.0 240.5 271.0 285.1 Electricity, water supply 99.2 101.3 100.0 102.1 100.1 103.4 102.8 105.8 114.8 117.3 113.0 169.7 181.1 Transportation, communications 93.4 95.5 100.0 116.9 131.9 139.6 163.3 170.7 182.7 214.3 240.6 283.4 313.1 .Trade 97.7 96.6 100.0 130.8 157.6 152.9 153.0 181.8 206.7 226.1 266.9 294.1 318.2 Banking, insurance, real estate 96.9 95.3 100.0 115.5 143.5 151.2 157.5 168.8 183.2 zOi.5 240.5 271.0 284.7 Ownership of dwellings 97.8 99.8 100.0 107.2 120.9 124.2 132.1 137.8 143.8 146.8 163.9 178.1 200.5 Public administration, defense 94.9 95.3 100.0 107.8 133.9 147.4 152.6 155.0 176.5 186.5 227.5 232.3 268.1 Other services 95.7 98.6 100.0 101.9 115.8 131.3 138.9 152.2 163.5 178.9 206.7 220.0 239.2 Gross domestic product at market prices 90.7 92.1 100.0 120.2 142.9 146.8 152.6 165.7 180.0 200.9 233.9 252.6 264.7 Tiplicit termA of trade - agriculture and nonagriculture 83.0 82.9 100.0 112.5 107.0 104.6 105.9 103.0 98.5 103.5 102.8 94.4 82.4 /a Preliminary. Source: NESDB. - 58 - Table 2.7: EXPENDITURE ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CtURRENT MARKET PRICES (Billions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/a Consumption 108.0 116.0 128.1 159.3 204.0 229.5 262.1 302.2 354.1 420.2 520.0 607.2 666.8 Private 92.4 99.1 110.3 138.0 178.0 198.5 225.0 260.5 300.5 353.3 438.0 511.5 577.1 Durable goods 4.4 4.1 4.6 6.5 8.6 9.8 11.2 15.3 16.9 20.4 25.0 30.0 31.8 Nondurable goods 69.8 75.1 84.2 105.8 136.7 152.7 171.3 197.1 227.8 266.2 329.7 382.2 416.2 Services 18.2 19.8 21.5 25.8 31.7 36.0 42.5 48.1 55.8 66.7 83.2 99.3 109.1 General government 15.6 17.0 17.9 21.2 26.0 31.0 37.1 41.7 53.6 66.9 82.0 95.7 109.7 Gross investment 35.6 34.9 33.7 51.7 67.4 75.7 78.4 102.2 127.0 160.3 186.3 194.5 186.1 Private fixed capital /b 22.2 22.3 23.2 33.5 48.9 50.7 50.1 69.0 79.9 101.3 109.7 120.5 112.7 Public fixed capital 10.5 10.4 11.4 10.7 10.2 15.4 23.2 29.7 36.7 43.1 67.4 68.6 75.5 Change in stocks 2.9 2.1 -0.9 7.5 8.3 9.6 5.2 3.6 10.3 15.9 9.2 5.4 -2.1 Exports of goods and services 22.7 25.2 31.9 42.5 60.6 57.0 71.2 82.2 101.0 131.8 167.7 195.8 211.7 Goods 14.3 16.7 21.8 31.2 49.0 44.5 60.4 70.6 82.3 106.9 132.0 150.2 157.3 Nonfactor services 8.4 8.5 10.1 11.3 11.6 12.7 10.8 11.2 18.8 24.9 35.7 45.6 54.4 Imports of goods and services 29.3 29.7 33.8 46.1 68.1 70.8 79.4 103.4 119.9 165.8 204.6 233.8 216.4 Goods 26.5 26.6 30.6 42.1 63.3 64.7 71.4 96.1 110.8 153.9 190.0 216.0 193.3 Nonfactor services 2.8 3.1 3.2 4.0 4.8 6.1 8.0 7.3 9.1 11.9 14.6 17.8 23.1 Expenditure on gross domestic product 137.1 146.4 159.8 207.4 264.0 291.4 332.4 383.2 462.2 546.5 669.4 763.7 848.2 Statistical discrepancy -1.0 -1.8 4.8 9.1 7.4 7.4 5.2 9.8 7.8 9.7 15.5 22.5 10.2 Gross domestic product 136.1 144.6 164.6 216.5 271.4 298.8 337.6 393.0 470.0 556.2 684.9 786.2 858.4 Memo: Gross domestic savings 29.1 30.4 31.7 48.1 59.9 61.9 70.3 81.0 108.1 126.3 149.4 156.5 181.4 Net domestic savings 18.8 18.3 18.9 33.3 42.1 41.1 46.3 52.4 73.7 84.4 98.8 97.2 114.5 Public 4.3 3.1 3.8 4.0 11.6 8.1 4.7 11.8 12.3 9.2 7.0 8.7 -2.9 Private 14.5 15.7 15.1 29.3 30.5 33.0 41.6 40.6 61.4 75.2 91.8 88.5 117.4 Depreciation 10.3 11.6 12.8 14.8 17.8 20.8 24.0 28.6 34.4 41.9 50.6 59.3 66.9 /a Preliminary. /b Excludes private on-farm investment other than purchases of agricultural machinery. Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table 2.8: PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURE ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/a Consumption 79.4 80.2 77.8 73.6 75.2 76.8 77.6 76.9 75.3 75.6 75.9 77.2 77.7 Private 67.9 68.5 67.0 63.7 65.6 66.4 66.6 66.3 63.9 63.5 63.9 65.0 64.9 General government 11.5 11.8 10.9 9.8 9.6 10.4 11.0 10.6 11.4 12.0 12.0 12.2 12.8 Gross investment 26.2 24.1 20.5 23.9 24.9 25.3 23.2 26.0 27.0 28.8 27.2 24.7 21.7 Private fixed capital 16.3 15.4 14.1 15.5 18.1 17.0 14.8 17.6 17.0 18.2 16.0 15.3 13.1 Public fixed capital 7.7 7.2 6.9 4.9 3.8 5.2 6.9 7.7 7.8 7.7 9.8 8.7 8.8 Change in stocks 2.1 1.5 -0.5 3.5 3.1 3.2 1.5 0.9 2.2 2.9 1.3 0.7 -0.2 Exports of goods and services 16.7 17.4 19.4 19.6 22.3 19.1 21.1 20.8 21.5 23.7 24.5 24.9 24.7 Goods 10.5 11.5 13.2 14.4 18.1 14.9 17.9 18.0 17.5 19.2 19.3 19.1 18.3 Nonfactor services 6.2 5.9 6.1 5.2 4.2 4.3 3.2 2.8 4.0 4.5 5.2 5.8 6.4 Imports of goods and services 21.5 20.5 20.5 21.3 25.1 23.7 23.5 26.3 25.5 29.8 29.9 29.7 25.2 Goods 19.5 18.4 18.6 19.4 23.3 21.7 21.1 24.5 23.6 27.7 27.8 27.4 22.5 Nonfactor services 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.3 1.8 2.0 2.4 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.7 Expenditure on gross domestic product 100.7 101.2 97.1 95.8 97.3 97.5 98.5 97.5 98.3 98.3 97.7 97.1 98.8 Statistical discrepancy /b -0.7 -1.2 2.9 4.2 2.7 2.5 1.5 2.5 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.9 1.2 Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Memo: Gross douestic savings 21.4 21.0 19.3 22c2 22t1 20.7 20.8 20.6 23.0 22.7 21.8 19.9 21.1 Net domestic savings 13.8 13.0 11.5 15.4 15.5 13.8 13.7 13.3 15.7 15.2 14.4 12.4 13.3 Public 3.2 2.1 2.3 1.8 4.3 2.7 1.4 3.0 2.6 1.7 1.0 1.1 -0.3 Private 10.6 10.9 9.2 13.5 11.2 11.1 12.3 10.3 13.1 13.5 13.4 11.3 13.6 Depreciation 7.6 8.0 7.8 6.8 6.6 6.9 7.1 7.3 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.5 7.8 Note: Totals may not add up because of rounding. /a Preliminary. /b Probably unrecorded private consumption. Source: NESDB. Table 2.9: EXPENDITURE ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES (Billions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/a Consumption 114.4 121.2 128.2 139.2 146.0 155.3 171.2 185.7 198.7 214.1 223.0 232.2 237.9 Private 98.0 103.7 110.3 119.6 126.2 134.4 146.2 158.5 166.9 177.2 185.6 191.6 196.3 General government 16.4 17.5 17.9 19.7 19.8 21.9 25.0 27.3 31.8 36.9 37.4 40.6 41.6 Gross investment 43.0 42.0 32.7 43.2 47.8 50.1 49.5 63.9 70.0 76.0 74.3 74.4 67.2 Private fixed capital /b 27.9 27.5 23.2 28.9 35.3 32.9 31.6 43.2 44.9 49.4 45.4 37.7 41.8 Public fixed capital 12.1 11.8 11.4 9.0 6.9 9.5 13.5 16.7 19.3 19.8 26.0 24.8 26.0 Change in stocks 3.2 2.6 -0.9 5.3 5.6 7.7 4.4 4.0 5.8 6.8 2.9 1.9 -0.6 Exports of goods and nonfactor services /c 24.0 26.8 31.9 30.5 29.5 28.9 36.4 40.7 46.3 50.9 54.2 61.3 71.0 Goods 14.1 18.3 21.8 20.3 23.1 22.3 31.1 35.6 38.3 41.7 43.6 49.5 57.7 Nonfactor services 9.9 8.5 10.1 10.2 6.4 6.6 5.3 5.1 8.0 9.2 10.6 11.8 13.3 Imports of goods and nonfactor services /c 34.4 29.6 33.8 41.7 37.7 36.8 39.2 47.4 51.0 61.0 60.6 60.5 53.0 Goods 31.1 26.5 30.6 38.1 34.9 33.7 35.2 44.1 47.1 56.6 56.3 55.9 47.3 Nonfactor services 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.6 2.8 3.2 3.9 3.3 3.9 4.4 4.3 4.6 5.7 ° Expenditure on gross domestic product /c 147.0 160.4 159.0 171.2 185.6 197.5 217.9 242.9 264.0 280.0 290.9 307.4 323.1 Statistical discrepancy 3.1 -3.3 5.6 8.9 4.4 6.0 3.3 -5.7 -2.9 -3.1 2.0 -3.9 -1.2 Gross domestic product 150.1 157.1 164.6 180.1 190.0 203.5 221.2 237.2 261.1 276.9 292.9 311.3 324.3 /a Preliminary. 7i Excludes private on-farm investment other than purchases of agricultural machinery. 77 IBRD mission estimates. Derived from Table 2.7 and unit value indices, Table 3.15. Exports of nonfactor services were depleted by import unit value index. Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB and IBRD mission estimates. Table 2.10: PERCENTAGE GROWTH OF EXPENDITURE ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT 1972 PRICES 19 OM 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 /a Consumption 5.9 5.8 8.6 4.8 6.4 10.2 8.5 7.0 7.7 4.2 4.1 2.5 Private 5.8 6.4 8.4 5.5 6.5 8.8 8.4 5.3 6.2 4.8 3.2 2.5 General goverment 6.7 2.3 10.1 0.5 10.6 14.2 9.2 16.7 15.9 1.3 8.7 2.5 Gross investment -2.8 -19.8 28.2 10.6 4.8 -1.2 29.1 9.6 8.6 -2.3 0.2 -9.8 Private fixed capital -1.4 -15.6 24.6 22.1 -6.8 -4.0 36.7 3.9 10.2 -8.1 -0.0 -12.4 Public fixed capital -2.5 - 3.4 -21.1 +5.7 37.7 42.1 23.7 16.0 2.4 31.4 4.8 4.8 1 ON Exports of goods & nonfactor services 11.7 19.0 -4.4 -1.6 -3.7 26.0 11.8 13.8 9.9 6.5 13.1 15.8 Goods 29.8 19.1 -6.1 13.8 -3.5 39.5 14.5 7.6 8.9 4.6 13.5 16.6 Nonfactor services -14.1 18.8 1.0 -31.4 -5.7 -19.7 -3.8 5.7 15.0 15.2 11.3 12.7 Imports of goods & nonfactor service -14.0 14.2 23.4 -9.6 -2.4 6.5 20.9 7.6 19.6 -0.7 -0.2 -12.4 Goods -14.8 15.5 24.5 -8.4 -3.4 4.5 25.3 6.8 20.2 -0.5 -0.7 -15.4 Nonfactor services -6.1 3.2 12.5 -22.2 14.3 21.9 -15.4 18.2 12.8 -2.3 7.0 23.9 Expenditure on gross domestic product 9.1 -0.9 7.7 8.7 6.1 10.3 11.5 8.7 6.1 3.9 5.7 5.1 Gross domestic product 4.7 4.8 9.4 5.4 7.1 8.7 7.2 10.1 6.1 5.8 6.3 4.2 /a Preliminary. Sources: NESDB and IBRD mission estimates (see footnote c, Table 2.9). Table 3.1: SUMMAARY BALANCE OF PAYKENTS (Millions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Merchandise exports, f.o.b. 14,269.7 16,692.1 21,750.2 31 ,252.5 49,002.4 44,382.4 60,361.2 70,462.8 82,250.8 106,881.2 132,040.5 150,218.2 157,306.0 Merchandise imports, c.i.f. 26,406.7 26,606.4 30,634.8 42,054.9 63,304.6 64,527.0 71,446.1 96,004.8 109 956.1 153,463.5 190,025.3 216,000.1 193,308.4 Nonmonetary gold imports /a 107.8 26.4 - - - - - 56.8 834.7 470.8 - - 7.9 Trade balance -12,244.8 -9,940.9 -8,884.6 -10,802.4 -14,302.2 -20,144.6 -11,084.9 -25,598.8 -28,540.0 -47,053.1 -57,984.8 -65,781.9 -36,009.7 Service receipts 10,094.8 9,899.6 11,322.7 12,723.1 15,634.2 16,551.6 13,993.3 14,771.7 22,123.9 29,163.6 43,528.8 51,399.0 58,827.7 Service payments 4,058.6 4,495.5 4,739.7 5,886.7 8,033.5 10,390.8 12,350.8 12,336.5 17,844.8 25,925.7 32,383.9 45,356.6 50,055.3 Net service 6,036.2 5,404.1 6,583.0 6,836.4 7,600.7 6,160.8 1,642.5 2,405,2 4,279.1 3,237.9 11,144.9 6,042.4 8,772.4 Transfers (net) 1,011.7 904.1 1,238.8 2,968.8 4,916.9 1,632.1 464.5 801.9 816.0 1,224.0 4,430.5 3,690.2 4,06d.1 Private (57.4) (131.1) (630.7) (2,398.9) (4,375.6) (1,134.5) (100.8) (443.3) (128.0) (461.9) (1,529.9) (1,100.8) (1,680.3) Government (954.3) (773.0) (608.1) (569.9) (541.3) (497.6) (363.7) (358.6) (688.0) (762.1) (2,900.6) (2,589.4) (2,387.8) Current account balance -5,196.9 -3,632.7 -1,062.8 --997.2 -1,784.6 -12,351.7 -8,977.9 -22,391.7 -23,444.9 -42, 59 1.2 -42, 409.4 - 56, 049. 3 -23,169.2 Capital inflow (net) 2,478.8 1,733.1 3,643.2 2,937.6 9,054.7 7,754.7 9,263.6 13,966.9 14,858.3 33,766.8 50,777.2 55,130.2 37,419.1 Private sector 2,326.0 1,463.1 3,406.6 1,910.1 7,801.0 5,696.3 5,060.4 8,360.9 3,595.3 13,075.2 25,564.5 21,060.3 17,349.2 Direct investment (890.5) (808.4) (1,427.1) (1,604.9) (3,836.3) (1,744.8) (1,614.1) (2,163.8) (1,010.8) (1,047.7) (3,815.8) (6,363.2) (4,216.4) Medium & long-term loans and credits (1,007.7) (397.0) (1,392.5) (-1,199.0) (2,637.1) (1,316.7) (689.3) (867.2) (689.3) (6,314.5) (13,749.3) (18,948.0) (9,193.7) Other (427.8) (257.7) (587.0) (1,504.2) (1,327.6) (2,634.8) (2,757.0) (5,329.9) (1,895.2) (5,713.0) (7,999.4) (-4,250.9) (3,939.1) Public sector 152.8 270.0 236.6 1,027.5 1,253.7 2,058.4 4,203.2 5,606.0 11,263.0 20,691.6 25,212.7 34,069.9 20,069.9 Loans to the Central Gov't (445.1) (360.3) (214.7) (387.2) (126.4) (-105.0) (2,157.2) (770.8) (6,057.8) (8,890.8) (6,063.9) (7,906.3) (7,670.1) Loans & credits to state enterprises (90.7) (60.2) (388.3) (372.7) (1,173.9) (2,203.0) (1,839.3) (4,767.3) (5,170.8) (12,143.6) (19,003.1) (26,044.4) (13,101.3) Other Central and Local Gov't (-383.0) (-96.5) (-315.4) (267.6) (-46.6) (-39.6) (206.7) (67.9) (34.4) (-342.8) (145.7) (119.2) (-701.5) Allocation of SDR - 298.2 320.7 - - - - - - 493.6 506.4 488.0 Errors aud omissions 66.1 1,266.2 1,090.3 -1,076.2 741.9 1,739.0 -368.5 886.9 -4,711.4 405.8 -3,694.9 2.962.3 -10,935.6 Change in reserves (increase - -) 2,652.0 335.2/b -3,991.4/b -864.2/b -8,012.0/b 2,858.0/b 82.8 7,537.9 13,298.0 7,925.0 -5,179.3 -2,531.2 -3,314.3 /a Including timing adjustments and official gold imports for the Iudtlig of c-men -orative coins. /b Excluding SDR allocations of $14.3 million (B 298.2 million) in 1971 and $15.4 million (8 320.7 million) in 1972, and reserve valuation adjustments. Source: Bauk of Thailand. Table 3=22 P:ITMPAL -lFRCHANI9SE EXPORTS 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1. Rice Value (million of baht) 2,517 2,909 4,437 3,594 9,778 5,852 8,603 13,383 10,424 15,592 19,508 26,366 22,504 Volume (thousands of tons) 1,064 1.576 2,112 849 1,029 951 1,973 2,946 1,607 2,797 2800 3;032 3,760 Unit value (baht per ton) 2,366 1,846 2,101 4,235 9,500 6,152 4,359 4,543 6,487 5,575 6,967 8,696 5,985 2. Rubber Value (million of baht) 2,232 1,905 1,862 4,573 5,035 3,474 5,297 6,163 8,030 12,351 12,351 10,841 9,490 Volume (thousands of tons) 276 36W 318 39i 363 332 373 402 442 521 455 472 5444 Unit value (baht per ton) 8,098 6,188 5,861 11,710 13,887 10,458 14,184 15,331 18,160 23,706 27,145 22,868 17,445 3, Haize /a Value (million of baht) 1,969 2,286 2,085 2,969 6,078 5,705 5,677 3,345 4,275 5,644 7,299 8,349 8,330 Volume (thousands of tons) 1,448 1,8/3 1,844 1,386 2,302 2,105 2,419 1,542 1,972 2,014 2,203 2,575 2,826 Unit value (baht per ton) 1,360 1,220 1,131 2,142 2,641 2,711 2,347 2,169 2,167 2,802 3,313 3,242 2,948 4. Tin (metal) Value (million of baht) 1,618 1,569 1,664 2,035 3,096 2,247 2,973 4,542 7,229 9,252 11,347 9,091 7,773 Volume (thousands of tons) 22.2 21.9 21.8 22.7 20.8 16.7 20.0 21.4 28.9 31.3 33.9 30.1 24.9 Unit value (baht per ton) 72,732 71.738 76,190 89,762 149,083 134,842 148,650 212,243 249,767 295,591 334,720 302,027 312,169 5. Tapioca Products Value (million of baht) 1,223 1,240 1,547 2,537 3,836 4,597 7,528 7,720 10,892 9,891 14,887 16,446 19,763 Volume (thousands of tons) 1,327 1,123 1,311 1,836 2,396 2,385 3,721 3,954 6,288 3,961 5,218 6,266 7,783 Unit value (baht per ton) 922 1,104 1,180 1,381 1,601 1,927 2,023 1,952 1,732 2,497 2,853 2,625 2,539 6. Kenaf and Jute Value (million of baht) 719 935 1,087 1,054 845 643 579 417 449 391 154 76 36 o' Volume (thousands of tons) 258 272 255 264 247 158 138 81 91 79 30 20 c Unit value (baht per ton) 2,790 3,442 4,261 3,991 3,421 4,080 4,185 5,148 4,934 4,949 5,133 3,800 4,500 7. Sugar Value (million of baht) 94 382 1,264 1,161 3,757 5,696 6,842 7,445 3,970 4,797 2,975 9,572 12,932 Volume (thousands of cons) 56 175 4S8 275 444 595 1,124 1,^55 1,040 1,190 452 1;119 2,206 Unit value (baht per ton) 1,671 2,188 3,102 4,216 8,462 9,566 6,087 4,500 3,817 4,031 6,582 8,554 5,862 8. Shrimp Value (million of baht) 224 247 340 804 602 891 1,347 1,171 1,500 2,372 1,961 2,136 2,764 Volume (thousands of tons) 6.4 5.6 6.7 14,9 10.3 13.5 15.2 13.7 15.4 18.6 17.9 18.8 22.5 Unit value (baht per ton) 34,886 44,i62 50,558 34,050 58,726 65,80v GO,514 55,47'- 97,542 127,527 109,553 113,61- 12-,844 9. Teak Value (million of baht) 156 183 208 422 402 445 749 546 254 118 - 46 - Volume (thousands of cu m) 29 40 52 35 43 72 39 15 6 - 5 - Unit value (Baht per cu m) 5,424 4,868 5,161 8,168 11,434 10,344 10,380 14,000 16,933 19,667 - 9,200 - 10. Tobacco Leaves Value (million of baht) 197 236 Z84 309 445 596 699 924 1,161 1,243 1,371 1,739 2,545 Volume (thousands of tons) 11 13 18 16 15 17 22 28 35 34 39 37 38 Unit value (baht per ton) 18,266 17,936 15,689 18,761 30,454 32,359 31,735 33,022 33,323 36,559 35,154 47,000 66,974 Value of principal exports 10 949 11,892 14,778 19,458 33,874 30,146 40,294 45,656 48,184 61,651 71,853 84,662 86,137 Other exports 3,82f3 5,383 7,713 12,768 15,925 14,861 20,503 25,542 34,881 46,528 61,344 68,339 73,681 Total merchandise exports 14,772 17,275 22,491 32,226 49,799 45,007 60,797 71,198 83,065 108,179 133,197 153,001 159,818 Adjustments for B/P /b -502 -583 -741 -974 -797 -642 -800 -735 -814 -1,300 -1,156 -2,844 - Merchandise exports, f.o.b. 14,270 16,692 21,750 31,252 49,002 44,365 60,361 70,463 82,251 106,879 132,041 150,186 - /a Including maize groat and meal. /b Includes items such as diplomatic shipments, personal effects, temporary exports, etc. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.3: OTHER MERCHANIDSE EXPORTS (Hillion of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Agricultural Products 1,114 1,429 1692 2,479 2,974 2,624 3,698 4,644 5,629 6,688 6,936 9,181 10,479 Mungbeans and block matpe beans 255 255 277 374 454 464 946 1,059 1,161 1,375 1,448 1,693 1,193 Soybeans 16 17 23 76 47 133 48 83 51 68 28 23 11 Sorghum 103 157 138 241 426 482 374 299 372 495 661 904 923 Kapok fibre 134 141 149 179 195 169 271 244 237 264 255 285 228 Castor seeds 93 124 97 272 215 103 251 516 281 205 - - - Seedlae and stick lac 36 60 107 191 287 95 92 56 57 86 110 83 187 Hides and skins 52 47 102 98 70 34 54 53 76 143 78 175 101 Cattle 73 91 115 139 120 111 147 215 251 209 99 21 25 Other agricultural products 352 537 684 909 1,160 1,033 1,515 2,119 3,143 3,843 4,257 5,997 7,091 Fishery Products 143 249 429 778 788 1,007 1,364 1,925 2,806 3,662 3,586 4496 4,870 Cuttle fish, fresh } 38 } 96 141 273 340 505 632 664 1,022 1,471 1,301 1,335 1,782 Cuttle fish, salted in brine } } 68 56 83 102 130 209 318 362 378 488 606 Other fishery products 105 153 220 449 365 400 602 1,052 1,466 1,829 1,907 2,673 2,482 Forestry Products 63 104 135 337 249 263 359 278 100 52 70 97 97 Mineral Products 440 798 679 758 1,299 974 1,253 1,892 1,801 2,398 4,073 2,723 2,055 Fluorite 222 311 222 224 289 204 265 229 206 252 314 332 320 Tungsten 83 329 322 260 467 376 532 799 1,020 620 647 379 199 Iron ores and concentrates 8 1 - - - - - - - - - - - Other mineral products 127 157 135 274 543 394 456 865 575 1,526 3,112 2,012 1A536 Manufacturing Products 808 1,430 2,793 6,070 8,377 8,057 12,161 14,510 20,755 29,173 40,090 45,171 50,384 1 Pineapple, canned 55 44 51 75 280 346 605 898 1,201. 1,244 1,432 2,039 1,992 a Garments 18 67 258 660 795 987 1,559 1,693 2,665 3,577 4,894 7,038 8,005 > Molasses 45 86 91 312 500 479 497 745 507 528 364 696 850 1 Cesent 83 90 218 314 650 506 379 217 33 33 52 99 279 Petroleum products 36 132 248 379 303 230 101 1 2 13 70 9 12 Spinning 5 27 112 159 166 141 445 731 890 841 1,133 1,276 1,201 Silk, fabrics 34 30 29 39 34 26 29 30 38 41 75 139 156 Textiles 23 62 271 1,027 787 803 2,042 2,170 3,311 4,377 3,616 4,256 4,799 Jute yarn & jute fabrics, twine cordage rope, cable of jute 16 63 81 198 485 314 430 314 489 756 740 625 750 Gunny bags 63 178 170 312 330 283 116 165 425 624 778 620 542 Iron & steel products 41 46 118 174 335 165 217 235 426 676 1,421 988 880 Household utensils of wool 18 33 72 135 16 205 238 324 380 356 378 408 408 Precious stones and jewelry 137 232 383 641 763 768 967 1,210 2,059 2,754 3,773 5,012 5,251 Other manufacturing products 215 340 691 1,645 2,933 2,804 4,536 5,777 8,329 13,353 21,364 21,966 25,259 Temporary exports 366 625 916 989 801 858 951 1,386 1,863 2,511 3,481 2,444 1,797 Re-Exports 522 598 875 1,080 1 161 935 608 801 1 813 1,842 2,791 4,038 3,689 Diplomatic Shipments 63 82 92 165 135 27 23 17 22 19 21 57 27 Personal Houshold Effects 32 53 55 66 74 83 74 72 62 73 81 96 232 Others 272 15 47 46 67 63 12 17 30 110 215 36 51 Total 3,823 5.383 7,713 12,768 15,925 14,891 20,503 25,544 34,884 46,528 61,344 68,339 73,681 Source: Bank of Thailantd. Table 3.4: MERCHANDISE EXPORTS BY COUNTRIES 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 19881 ------------------------------------------ B million -------------… … …-… - -__ Japan 3,770 4,274 4,660 8,410 12,853 12,420 15,686 14,029 16,866 22,901 20,098 21,704 United States 1,985 2,261 2,834 3,261 3,945 4,968 6,098 6,929 9,153 12,106 16,834 19,794 Netherlands 1,276 1,386 1,794 2,927 4,328 4,547 8,064 9,564 12,185 12,260 17,639 18,674 Singapore 1,018 1,225 1,955 2,661 4,142 4,068 4,114 4,505 6,723 9,222 10,292 11,991 Hong Kong 1,113 1,152 1,674 2,362 3,171 2,716 3,036 3,342 4,436 5,260 6,754 7,350 Malaysia 830 731 1,120 1,952 2,433 2,099 2,552 3,769 4,296 4,769 5,990 6,968 Germany, Fed. Rep. 533 604 556 770 1,115 1,116 1,979 2,491 3,441 4,391 5,516 4,934 Taiwan 720 498 830 1,308 3,316 1,070 1,871 3,167 1,088 1,365 1,791 2,014 United Kingdom 305 435 368 622 664 529 980 1,017 1 283 1,989 2,493 2,464 Other 3,222 4,673 6,700 7,953 13,832 11,474 16,417 22,375 23,594 33,916 45,790 57,108 W Total Mechan- dise Exports 14,772 17,275 22,491 32,226 49,799 45,027 60,797 71,198 83,065 108,179 133,197 153,001 ----------------------- Percentage of total --- - Japan 25.5 24.7 20.7 26.1 25.8 27.6 25.8 19.7 20.3 21.2 15.1 14.2 United States 13.4 13.1 12.6 10.1 7.9 11.0 10.0 9.8 11.0 11.2 12.6 12.9 Netherlands 8.6 8.0 8.0 9.1 8.7 10.1 13.3 18.4 14.7 11.3 13.2 12.2 Singapore 6.9 7.1 8.7 8.3 8.3 9.0 6.8 6.3 8.1 8.5 7.7 7.8 Hong Kong 7.5 6.7 7.4 7.3 6.4 6.1 5.0 4.7 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.8 Malaysia 5.6 4.2 5.0 6.0 4.9 4.6 4.2 5.3 5.2 4.4 4.5 4.6 Germanv. Fed. Rep. 3.6 3.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.5 3.3 3.5 6.1 4.1 4.1 3.2 Taiwan 4.9 2.9 3.7 4.1 6.7 2.4 3.1 4.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 United Kingdom 2.9 2.5 1.6 1.9 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.6 Other 21.9 27.1 29.8 24.7 27.8 25.5 27.0 31.4 28.5 31.4 34.5 37.3 Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.5 -66 - Page 1 Table 3.5: PRINCIPAL MECHANDISE EXPORTS BY COUNTRIES (Millions of Baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981/a Rice 2,516 2,909 4,437 3,594 9,778 5,852 8,603 13,382 10,425 15,592 19,508 26,353 Hong Kong 552 482 627 526 1,153 900 654 600 660 23 1,57 1 ,i2 Singapore 392 432 839 438 867 716 906 1,082 1,017 1,324 1,436 1,722 Malaysia 300 210 274 172 748 121 524 881 891 667 1,].69 2,147 Indonesia 277 175 371 797 1,168 74 2,243 3,683 813 3,056 3,627 1,719 Saudi Arabia 296 171 61 324 601 317 479 155 298 274 388 886 India 54 138 184 - - 679 1 - 2 - - 470 Philippines - 328 519 91 383 405 278 61 - - 8 - Sri Lanka 50 89 - - - 615 328 529 - 2 - -74 Japan 66 45 30 78 224 45 20 147 134 69 71 740 Other 529 839 1,532 1,168 4,634 1,980 3,170 6,244 6,610 9,477 11,521 17,423 Rubber 2,232 1,905 1,862 4,573 5,035 3,474 5,297 6,164 8,030 12,351 12,351 10,839 Japan 1,153 996 1,091 2,464 2,354 1,923 2,805 3,271 4,391 7,220 8,109 7,650 United States 210 216 162 250 342 312 842 854 910 1,123 991 950 Singapore 134 138 235 707 1,031 446 619 800 1,515 1,816 1,234 717 Malaysia 140 127 190 650 508 296 396 423 501 622 585 354 Italy 207 124 32 96 118 17 2 10 - - - - Other 388 304 152 406 682 480 633 806 713 1,570 1,432 1,168 Maize 1,969 2,286 2,085 2,969 6,078 5,705 5,676 3,345 4,275 5,643 7,299 8,328 Japan W87 1,109 -899 -966 2,653 2,252 2,226 75 1,068 1,140 -- 0 -65 Taiwan 599 398 570 691 1,339 355 1,076 804 - 203 550 340 Singapore 152 204 278 366 722 1,337 839 420 686 778 956 1,074 Hong Kong 160 178 155 318 384 355 342 382 411 666 501 431 Malaysia 130 116 132 248 377 433 296 484 773 1,217 1,457 1,504 Other 50 281 51 350 603 973 897 501 1,337 1,634 3,525 4,914 Tin (metal) 1,618 1,569 1,664 2,035 3,096 2,247 2,972 4,541 7,229 9,253 11,347 9,099 United States 1,104 1,119 1,003 650 775 1,044 1,064 1,491 1,832 3,185 4,350 2,940 Netherlands 445 405 380 681 1,217 330 983 1,760 3,857 4,341 5,C18 4,471 Japan 69 45 281 492 774 780 925 1,290 1,530 1,727 1,979 1,361 Other - - - 212 330 93 0 0 10 - - 327 Tapioca Products 1,223 1,240 1,547 2,537 3,836 4,597 7,527 7,720 10,892 9,891 14,887 16,434 Netherlands 723 827 1,190 1,753 2,483 3,664 6,140 6,216 7,053 6,464 9,767 12,222 Germany, Fed. Rep. 267 126 81 145 167 181 188 345 750 546 982 605 United States 113 114 89 102 142 115 121 126 117 97 163 219 Japan 78 93 77 183 538 256 293 313 267 243 313 354 Other 42 80 110 354 506 381 785 720 2,705 2,541 3,662 3,034 Kenaf & Jute 719 935 1 087 1,054 845 643 579 418 448 391 154 78 Japan 207 188 163 116 103 25 66 78 15 24 3 2 Belgium 71 126 90 71 58 34 25 5 8 3 - 1 France 56 72 70 56 65 50 37 1 - - - - United Kindom 54 68 64 25 37 9 10 6 - 4 - 1 Germany, Fed. Rep. 23 58 40 21 22 13 12 6 5 7 - 6 United States 21 23 19 42 37 34 48 25 40 29 - 22 Italy 36 40 10 16 21 8 10 1 2 1 - - Portugal 21 28 32 21 6 6 4 - - - - Spain 42 7 51 53 4 2 17 14 13 9 2 - Poland 20 24 25 22 18 33 19 19 20 9 - - Other 168 301 523 611 474 429 331 263 345 305 149 46 Sugar 94 382 1,264 1,161 3,757 5,696 843 7,445 3,969 4,797 2,975 9,571 Malaysia - 11 240 481 131 633 634 695 418 456 112 362 Viet Nan - 111 178 247 - - - - - 1 - Japan 62 69 85 - 2,120 3,098 4,243 2,753 1,532 2,740 807 872 United States 32 59 93 60 156 1,041 427 - 267 129 559 2,548 Hong Kong - - 43 - 9 1 1 1 - 38 - 12 Other - 76 625 373 1,341 923 1,538 3,996 1,752 1,433 1,497 5,777 Table 3. 5 -67 - Page 2 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 - - - - - ----- ---- ------------- Thousands of metric tons Ri,-e 1,063.6 14576.1 2 112.1 848.7 1,029.3 951.3 1,973.4 2946.4 1,606,7 2,796.9 2,799.7 3,041.9 iong Kong 195.6 210.3 245.2 97.5 113.9 121.8 125.8 113.6 93.0 109.8 128.5 115.6 3ingapore 139.4 202.4 342.2 84.6 86.5 103.6 178.9 220.3 141.4 192.9 182.2 164.4 lMa,laysia 127.9 117.5 113.0 38.3 74.3 18.0 120.4 204.6 160.3 103.7 152.8 197.9 tndonesia 144.0 104.8 164.4 266.9 129.1 11.5 530.2 851.2 170.1 633.2 647.5 94.8 Saudi Arabia 120.6 95.1 27.3 48.8 73.8 56.5 108.3 26.0 41.4 43.2 45.0 260.9 India 33.5 78.4 106.6 - - 142.6 0.3 - 0.3 - - 53.9 Philippines 0.1 213.1 310.0 14.0 47.2 74.8 55.9 19.4 - - 1.0 - Sri Lanka 22.8 49.2 - - - 103.7 86.2 163.6 - 1.1 - 12.9 Japan 31.5 30.4 15.6 18.9 23.7 8.4 6.8 42.0 19.0 14.5 13.3 80.7 Other 248.1 474.9 787.8 279.7 480.8 310.4 760.6 1,305.7 981.2 1,698.5 1,629.4 2,060.8 Rubber 275.6 307.9 317.7 390.5 362.6 332.2 373.5 401.9 442.2 521.0 455.0 473.7 Japan 142.8 161.7 189.5 216.1 178.2 185.3 T93.3 213.0 246.E8 303.4 299.8 330.8 United States 25.9 34.3 27.4 22.6 23.0 27.7 58.4 55.2 48.-' 46.5 35.7 42.0 Singapore 16.7 22.7 37.8 58.4 72.5 44.3 44.8 53.2 80.6 75.9 45.4 32.3 Malaysia 11.9 21.7 31.8 53.4 36.0 29.8 29.2 28.2 28.0 27.3 22.7 16.4 Italy 24.3 19.2 5.7 6.9 7.2 1.7 0.3 0.6 - - - - Other 48.0 48.3 25.5 33.1 45.7 43.4 46.3 51.7 38.1 67.9 51.4 52.2 Maize 1 448.0 1,873.5 1,843.6 1,386.4 2,301.6 2,104.7 2 419.2 1 542.0 1 972.4 2 014 0 2,202 5 2,519.1 Japan '69.9 925.3 842.2 468.6 978.4 826.5 989.6 4 '468.9 1 1 1.*0 L 20.6 Taiwan 447.3 322.1 502.8 311.2 468.0 119.8 457.9 389.7 - 71.9 165.2 99.7 Singapore 109.7 169.5 226.0 172.8 351.3 516.4 344.3 176.6 314.3 269.3 289.9 366.3 Hong Kong 112.1 143.8 120.0 142.6 144.4 130.8 139.7 158.4 186.1S 231.0 169.9 136.4 Malaysia 92.8 92.8 108.0 121.9 143.3 161.5 120.0 205.2 349.9 411.4 435.2 448.4 Other 36.2 220.0 44.6 169.3 216.2 349.7 367.7 212.1 575.7 561.5 1,031.3 1,447.7 Ti.n (Metal) 22.2 21.9 21.8 22.7 20.8 16.7 20.0 21.4 28.9 31.3 33.9 29.9 United States 15.3 15.6 32 7.4 5.3 7.8 7.3 7.2 7.2 10.8 13.1 9.8 Nletherlands 6.0 5.6 4.9 7.7 8.0 2.4 6.6 8.2 15.6 14.6 14.9 14.7 Japan 0.9 0.6 3.7 5.4 5.1 5.8 6.1 6.1 6.1 5.8 5.9 4.5 Other - - - 2.2 2.4 0.7 - - - - - 0.9 TMpioca Products 1,326.9 1,123.2 1,311.0 1,836.5 2 395.7 2,385.4 3,720.7 I 954.4 6,288.0 3,961.2 5,217.7 6,261.2 Netherlands 845.9 816.0 1,068.9 1,360.4 'I 1.968.8 3,173.2 3,2 9.6 4,206.7 2,404.1 3,666.3 4,891.9 Germany, Fed. Rep. 308.8 125.4 75.8 114.9 116.3 101.3 93.2 186.6 435.9 223.9 339.4 242.8 United States )6.7 68.9 49.2 48.2 52.8 35.5 35.2 33.6 33.0 20.8 27.3 40.6 Japan 57.0 59.0 42.6 82.0 187.2 100.5 94.9 97.0 94.3 56.9 58.7 79.2 Other 38.5 53.8 74.5 231.0 307.2 179.3 320.2 337.6 1,516.1 1,255.5 1,126.0 1,006.7 Xenaf & Jute 257.7 271.7 255.1 264.1 247.0 157.6 138.4 81.2 91.1 79.0 30.4 21.6 Japan 2M6 57 w.-TF -7i 3 5.B -M -T7 - T.- -37r 0.6 0.4 Belgium 25.6 37.8 23.6 18.5 17.0 8.3 5.8 1.3 2.1 0.7 0.2 0.3 France l7.3 21.2 15.6 12.8 16.5 12.:1 8.4 0.2 - - - - United Kingdom .8.2 17.4 14.0 6.7 10.4 3.2 2.3 1.2 0.4 1.1 - 0.4 Germany, Fed. Rep. 9.4 19.9 11.6 6.3 7.4 3.1i 2.6 1.2 1,2 1.4 0.2 2.6 United States 11.6 8.5 6.0 15.8 16.2 12.4 15.8 11.2 17,5 10.9 6.3 8.7 Italy 12.4 12.1 2.5 3.9 6.7 2.2 2.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 - - Portugal 7.9 7.4 7.2 5.1 1.7 1.j 0.7 - - - - - Spain 13.4 1.9 11.5 12.0 1.1 0.4 3.5 2.6 2.0 1.5 0.3 - Poland 6.6 6.4 5.4 5.3 5.0 7.3 4.4 3.6 3.0 1.7 - - Other 57.7 86.4 118.1 150.4 132.7 100.3 78.6 45.8 61.6 56.0 22.8 9.2 iRggar 56.2 174.5 407.5 275.4 443.8 595.- 1,124.0 1,654.6 1,040.1 1,189.8 451.7 1,114.9 Malaysia - 5.1 78.8 112.5 26.2 69.6 110.7 173.7 108.4 123.3 17.9 42.9 Viet Nan - 55.3 48.7 54.2 - - - - - 0.2 0.2 - Japan 38.0 32.9 37.4 - 244.5 318.4 693.1 627.1 411.4 657.9 123.8 104.5 United States 18.2 21.0 30.2 17.8 23.7 118.6 66.7 - 65.0 33.8 79.5 271.4 Hong Kong - - 16.3 - 2.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.1 9.2 0.03 1.0 Other - 34.6 196.1 91.0 146.7 88.3 252.9 853.1 455.2 365.5 230.27 695.1 /a Preliminary. Source: Department of Customs. Table 3.6: MERCHANDISE IMPORTS (Millions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 197u 1979 1980 1981 1982 Capital Goods 9 371 8 628 9 783 12,826 19,808 22,239 19 405 24 393 31 317 39 902 46,075 56 772 47 804 Machinery and parts 6 14 2 6,420 8,215 13 458 14,703 1 73 20 31,603 32i042 Nonelectrical (4,723) (4,558) (5,087) (6,386) (10,978) (11,973) (9,861) (12,592) (15,894) (18,648) (20,402) (25,842) (21,161) Electrical (1,419) (1,212) (1,333) (1,329) (2,480) (2,730) (3,085) (3,555) (5,836) (7,355) (11,206) (10,867) (10,881) Metal manufactures 1,047 860 1,003 1,019 1,398 1,544 1,436 1,887 2,272 2,987 3,142 5,147 3,023 Fertilizers and pesticides 582 503 877 1,142 1,710 1,933 1,861 2,736 2,937 3,972 4,225 5,180 4,720 Scientific and optical instruments 415 421 465 541 694 742 831 1,074 1,365 1,667 2,290 2,991 3,255 Construction material /a 185 109 91 105 223 144 160 198 587 1,732 1,612 412 242 Other 1,000 965 927 1,804 2,325 3,173 2,171 2,351 2,426 3,541 3,198 6,333 4,522 Intermediate Products & Raw Materials 6,725 7,764 9,131 13,621 18,370 16,105 20,216 26,921 29,598 43,500 45,312 53,575 48 523 Chiefly for consumer goods 4,139 4,996 5,880 8,538 11,345 10,318 12,530 16,060 16,937 26,108 28,182 53,716 Chemicals (1,962) (2,293) (2,713) (4,136) (5,893) (5,522) (6,795) (8,363) (9,573) (14,856) (14,962) (13,011) (16,129) Textile fibres (602) (849) (1,046) (1,749) (1,878) (1,902) (2,475) (3,134) (2,236) (3,189) (3,175) (3,915) (3,250) Paper and paperboard (509) (558) (504) (781) (970) (935) (988) (1,206) (1,356) (1,924) (2,114) (2,856) (2,537) Tobacco (279) (507) (588) (382) (628) (693) (539) (896) (730) (811) (1,019) (865) (822) Textile yarn and thread (435) (406) (503) (725) (696) (393) (459) (366) (441) (704) (786) (1,278) (1,085) Other (352) (383) (526) (765) (1,280) (073) (1,274) (2,095) (2,601) (4,624) (6,126) (6,791) (6,569) Chiefly for capital goods 2,586 2,768 3,251 5,083 7,025 5,787 7,686 10,861 12,661 17,392 17,130 19,859 18,132 Iron and steel (1,647) (1,704) (2,046) (3,037) (4,32") (3,236) (4,669) (6,352) (7,765) (10,035) (10,335) (12,039) (11,345) Other base metals (313) (854) (1,043) (1,338) (2,400) (2,131) (2,301) (3,454) (3,842) (6,110) (5,900) (6,765) (5,752) other (126) (210) (162) (208) (303) (420) (716) (1,055) (1,054) (1,247) (895) (1,053) (1,035) Consumer Goods 5,229 4 390 4 950 6 311 7,955 8,455 9 418 11 114 12,942 15 933 19 286 22 985 22 836 Nondurable goods 3,4 8 T 6 W 2 - 3291 3-Tt5 7544r 9 4343 1 2 99 2 Food and beverages (1,114) (1,044) (1,224) (1,403) (1,851) (2,005) (2,377) (2,644) (3,104) (4,263) (6,182) (6,447) (5,615) Clothing and footwear (1,427) (909) (966) (1,345) (1,695) (1,585) (1,475) (1,658) (2,122) (2,245) (3,037) (3,730) (3,823) Medicinal & pharmaceutical products (741) (715) (859) (977) (1,208) (1,198) (1,280) (1,511) (1,615) (1,934) (2,130) (2,377) (2,498) Other (204) (191) (242) (341) (413) (360) (454) (533) (703) (901) (908) (1,062) (1,056) Durable goods 1,743 1,531 1,659 2,245 2,828 3,307 3,832 4,768 5,398 6,590 7,029 9,369 9,844 Household goods (506) (534) (627) (722) (902) (969) (1,117) (1,348) (1,616) (1,950) (2,266) (2,573) (2,522) Electric appliances (637) (503) (581) (874) (994) (1,054) (1,312) (1,655) (2,045) (2,495) (2,887) (3,739) (4,023) Cycles, motorcycles, carts (305) (237) (246) (405) (591) (810) (919) (1,257) (1,037) (919) (931) (1,225) (1,026) other (295) (257) (205) (244) (341) (474) (484) (508) (700) (1,246) (945) (1,839) (2,273) Other Imports 5,684 6,012 7,011 9,426 17,871 20,036 23,838 31,749 35,042 46,826 78,013 83,414 77,441 Fuels and lubricants 2,329 2,721 3,115 4,661 12,571 14,233 16,695 20,839 22,851 32,647 58,733 65,100 60,790 Vehicles and parts 2,204 2,191 2,213 3,399 4,182 4,542 5,174 7,958 7,550 7,126 6,912 9,568 7,685 Other /b 1,151 1,100 1,683 1,366 1,118 1,261 1,969 2,902 4,641 7,053 12,368 8,746 8,966 Total Imports /c 27,009 26,794 30,875 42,184 64,044 66,835 72,877 94,177 10,899 L 88,686 216,746 196,609 Adjustment for 8/P Id -494 -554 -559 -492 -740 -2,309 -1,431 -1,094 -1,182 -1,679 -5,264 -2,899 -3,274 Gold imports -108 -26 - - - - - -57 -834 -471 - - - Thai military imports /e - 392 319 363 - _ - 416 1,691 5,625 3,973 - - Other imports /e - - - - - - - 2,563 1,382 3,827 2,630 2,153 - Merchandise imports, c.i.f. 26,407 26,606 30,635 42,055 63,264 64,526 71,446 96,005 109,956 153 463 190 025 216,000 193,327 /a Including cementt 7S Including gold builion imports. /c Data for 1980 and 1981 exclude imports of aircraft which have been accounted for in the balance of payments statistics for the actual month of imports. 7d Diplomatic shipments, personal effects, temports, etc. 7e Not included in customs return, e.g. aircraft for Thai International. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.7: FINANCING OF MERCHANDISE IMPORTS (Millions of US dollars) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Imports under grants 33.3 25.9 21.1 19.0 17.6 17.7 12.7 11.4 22.9 20.0 27.0 32.9 25.0 US grants 17.9 14.5 T 9.1 6.*8 4.7 3.0 0.9 3.5 3.1 2.7 3.9 6.5 UN & other special- ized agencies 11.8 6.8 6.1 5.6 8.7 9.3 5.6 4.7 8.5 6.3 10.0 6.1 5.7 Colombo Plan 3.6 4.6 2.5 4.3 2.1 3.7 4.1 5.8 10.9 10.6 14.3 22.9 12.8 Imports under project loans 42.4 35.1 55.3 68.9 145.8 147.3 246.9 322.2 661.0 1 075.9 1,253.8 1,441.1 1,105.7 Official 42.1 34.3 47.6 59.6 88.0 130.7 220.0 305.9 585.5 1,055.1 1,120.8 1,315.9 1,089.4 Private 0.3 0.6 7.7 9.3 57.8 16.6 26.9 16.3 75.5 20.8 133.0 125.2 16.3 Imports under suppliers' credits 175.0 139.2 103.2 67.9 129.3 110.3 71.4 80.0 59.9 111.0 327.5 159.8 239.2 Official /a 16.4 7.4 0.7 0.7 - - - .7 - - 104.9 - 94.9 Private: 158.6 131.8 102.5 67.2 129.3 110.3 71.4 78.3 59.9 111.0 222.7 159.8 144.3 Machinery & parts 88.8 55.0 51.8 53.0 110.1 88.3 50.3 48.2 35.3 93.1 160.3 110.5 95.2 (of which: weaving machinery) (50.9) (38.9) (37.8) (25.1) (61.0) (57.4) (40.3) (3.6) (2.4) (32.2) (7.1) (26.7) (13.1) Cars, buses and trucks 48.9 31.9 29.8 7.4 8.2 9.3 5.8 5.0 6.1 4.6 4.3 4.8 3.7 Tractors, rollers, graders 6.0 5.0 5.0 3.1 5.2 7.8 9.3 20.5 15.1 10.2 30.1 4.9 4.8 Other 14.9 39.9 15.9 3.7 5.8 4.9 6.0 4.6 3.4 3.1 28.0 39.6 40.6 Tm,nwrta ,ndear fnrp4in investment 0.5 0.5 0.1 - 0.1 - - - - - - - - Imports induced by US military expenditures 106.5 96.3 112.8 109.7 90.3 70.3 20.2 0.1 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.9 Direct 20.0 18.1 21.2 20.6 17.0 13.2 3.8 - - 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 Indirect 86.5 8.2 91.6 89.1 73.3 57.1 16.4 - 0.1 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.7 Imports not subjected to foreign exchange payments 23.8 26.6 26.9 24.3 37.0 115.4 71.5 54.7 58.1 82.2 257.0 133.4 142.4 Subtotal 381.5 323.6 319.4 289.8 420.1 461.0 422.7 468.3 802.0 1,292.2 1.865.8 ,767.8 1,513.2 Imports financed by own resources 917.0 964.6 1,165.0 1,784.0 2,782.1 2,880.8 3,221.1 4,389.5 4,703.0 6,330.4 7,671.9 8,287.9 7,147.2 Total Imports 1.298.5 1.288.2 1,484.4 2,073.8 3,_202.2 3,341.8 3_643.8 4,859.8 5505.0 7 67 8,660.4 /a Including local governments. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.8: MERCHANDISE IMPORTS BY COUNTRIES 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 /a _- ------ - -------------------------- Millions of baht ------------------------------- -- Japan 10,107 10,093 11,401 15,078 20,102 21,085 23,649 30,469 33,461 37,636 39,984 52,521 United States 4,011 3,807 4,838 5,915 8,642 9,566 9,739 11,570 14,831 22,754 27,208* 28,087* Germany, Fed. Rep. 2,288 2,075 2,279 3,211 4,676 3,482 3,469 5,194 6,300 7,936 8,222 9,336 United Kingdom 2,014 2,054 1,620 2,715 2,970 3,032 2,623 3,808 4,164 4,708 5,033 5,851 Australia 852 864 981 1,392 1,904 1,536 1,560 1,882 2,457 3,268 3,549 4,223 Saudi Arabia 536 752 967 982 3,062 6,012 5,538 7,789 6,076 9,403 19,103 29,395 Taiwan 603 747 1,058 1,383 1,541 1,608 1,759 2,336 3,690 4,027 3,955 4,589 Italy 488 428 475 601 1,105 1,226 940 1,184 1,305 2,182 2,664 2,488 Netherlands 368 316 349 508 743 681 815 1,189 1,314 1,749 4,676 2,786 Hong Kong 374 314 417 589 867 640 756 1,086 1,230 1,546 1,792 1,942 Other 5,368 5,344 6,490 9,810 18,432 17,967 22,029 27,670 34,071 50,952 72,500 75,528 Total Mechan- dise Imports 27,009 26,794 30.875 42,184 64,044 66,835 72,877 94,177 108,899 146,161 188,686 216,746* … -…---------------------Percentage of total- - --------------e Japan 37.4 37.7 36.9 35.8 31.4 31.6 32.5 32.4 30.7 25.7 21.2 24.2 United States 14.8 14.2 15.7 14.0 13.5 14.3 13.4 12.3 13.6 15.6 14.4 13.0 Germany, Fed. Rep. 8.5 7.7 7.4 7.6 7.3 5.2 4.8 8.5 5.8 5.4 4.4 4.3 United Kingdom 7.5 7.7 5.3 6.4 4.6 4.5 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.2 2.7 2.7 Australia 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.0 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.9 Saudi Arabia 2.0 2.8 3.1 2.3 4.8 9.0 7.6 8.3 5.6 6.4 10.1 13.6 Taiwan 2.2 2.8 3.4 3.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 3.4 2.8 2.1 2.1 Italy 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.1 Netherlands 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.5 1.3 Hong Kong 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 .1.1 0.9 0.9 Other 19.8 19.9 21.0 23.3 28.8 26.9 30.2 29.4 31.3 34.9 38.4 34.9 * Excluding imports of aircraft which have been accounted for in the balance of payments statistics for the actual mDnth of imports. /a Preliminary. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.9: SERVICES (Millions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 i978 1979 1980 1981 1982 /c Receipts 10,094.8 9,899.6 11,322.7 12,723.1 15,634.2 16,551.6 13,993.3 14,771.7 22,123.9 29,163.6 43,528.8 51,399.0 58,827.7 Freight & insurance on merchandise 313.4 494.2 639.0 925.5 1,453.7 1,229.3 1,604.9 1,730.1 2,144.1 2, 593.6 3,869.5 4,791.1 5,023.7 Other transportation 298.6 330.8 455.9 513.7 1,200.1 1,269.0 1,131,3 1,468.6 1,384.9 2,200.3 2,409.7 2,121.7 3,098.5 Travel 2,170.0 2,208.9 2,718.0 3,393.8 3,805.1 4,482.2 3,990.0 4,606.9 8,894.5 11,232.1 17,765.4 21,455.6 23,850.0 R & R /a (389.8) (239.7) (62.8) (13.3) (10.9) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) Other 7 (1,780.2) (1,969.2) (2,655.2) (3,380.5) (3,794.2) (4,482.2) (3,990.0) (4, 606.9) (8,894.5) (11,232.1) (17,765.4) (21,455.6) (23,850.0) Investment income 1,636.6 1,423.2 1,206.7 1,448.1 2,919.6 3,887.0 3,145.8 3,036.1 3,366.5 4,218.8 5,316.2 5,778.9 5,640.8 Government, n.i.e. 4,839.8 4,514.2 5.262.5 5,034.3 4,238.3 3,519.8 2,052.9 1,081.4 1,336.2 1,706.5 2,529.2 2,297.6 2,288.4 Other 836.4 928.1 1,040.6 1,407.7 2,017.4 2,164.3 2.069.3 2,848.6 4,997.7 7,212.5 11,638.8 14,954.1 18,926.3 Workers' remittances (24.9) (35.7) (29.4) (113.5) (265.0) (375.3) (485.1) (911.7) (2,111.6) (3,818.3) (7,703.0) (10,428.3) (14,221.7) Payments 45,495.5 8 0335 10,390.8 12,350.8 12,366.5 17,844.8 25 45,356.6 50,055.3 Freight & insurance on merchandise 202.9 338.7 431.9 504.1 1,005.0 822.0 1,039.9 1,289.5 1,720.8 2,078.8 2,618.8 3,159.6 3,472.4 Other transportation 186.4 202.8 204.5 386.7 749.0 643.5 544.5 690.0 974.4 1,635.9 2,070.7 2,182.9 2,282.2 Travel 1,267.4 1,294.5 1,286.8 1,449.4 1,634.0 2,735.3 3,881.3 3,183.7 3,579.0 4,647.9 4,988.9 6,027.8 6,140.0 Ilnvestment income 1,257.3 1,393.8 1,534.0 1,872.4 2,933.9 3,775.9 3,993.3 4,513.5 8,178.2 13,323.9 17,001.6 26,505.7 30 585.3 Government, n.i.e. 395.3 399.0 336.8 444.8 318.5 303.7 457.2 448.4 523.0 563.8 734.1 1,608.8 1,310.5 - Other 749.3 866.7 945.7 1,229.3 1,393.1 2,110.4 2,380.6 2,234.4 2,869.4 3,675.4 4,969.8 5,872.3 6,264.9 Net Services 6, 036.2 5,404.1 6,583.0 6,836.4 160.8 1,642.5 2 4,29. 1 3,237.9 DU 4 -8,?Z .4 Freight & insurance on merchandise 110.5 155.5 207.1 421.4 448.7 407.3 510.1 440.6 423.3 514.8 1,250.7 1,631.5 1,551.3 Other transportation 112.2 128.0 251.4 127.0 451.1 625.5 586.8 778.6 410.5 564.4 339.0 -61.2 816.3 Travel 902.6 914.4 1,431.2 1,944.4 2,171.1 1,746.9 108.7 1,423.2 5,315.5 6,584.2 12,776.5 15,428.3 17,710.0 Investment income 379.3 29.6 -327.3 -424.3 -14.3 111.1 -847,.5 -=1,479.4 -4,811.7 -9,105-1 -llj iA -20;726.8 -24.944.5 Government, n.i.e. 4,444.5 4,115.2 4,925.7 4,589.5 3,919.8 3,216.1 1,595.7 633.0 813.2 1,142.7 1,795.1 688.8 977.9 Other 87.1 61.4 94.9 178.4 624.3 53.9 -311.3 609.2 2,128.3 3,536.9 6,669.0 9,081.8 12,661.4 /a Estimated expenditures of US soldiers on rest and recreation leave. 7T Estimated expenditures of other tourists made by the Tourist Organization of Thailand. /c Preliminary. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.10: INVESTMENT INCOME (Millions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/b Receipts 1,636.6 1,423.4 1,206.7 1,448.1 2,919.6 3,887.0 3,145.8 3,036.1 3,366.5 4,218.8 5,316.2 5,778.9 5,640.8 Private sector 104.2 12.55 126.3 198.1 508.5 468.8 508.3 482.0 431.5 743.5 1,451.1 2,019.8 2,029.8 Interest 63.1 64.1 50.2 87.4 285.6 285.5 229.0 193.7 166.0 336.0 1,058.4 1,641.2 1,522.5 Profits of branches 38.9 59.1 69.6 108.8 222.2 181.6 278.6 286.0 261.1 402.6 80.1 371.1 495.7 Other 2.2 2.3 6.5 1.9 0.7 1.7 0.7 2.3 4.4 4.9 312.6 7.5 11.6 Public sector 1,532.4 1,297.9 1,080.4 1,250.0 2,411.1 3,418.2 2,637.5 2,554.1 2,935.0 3,475.3 3,865.1 3,759.1 3,611.0 Interest 1,532.4 1,297.9 1,080.4 1,250.0 2,411.1 3,418.2 2,637.5 2,554.1 2,935.0 3,475.3 3,865.1 3,759.1 3,611.0 Payments 1,257.3 1,393.8 1,534.0 1,872.4 2,933.9 3,775.9 3,993.3 4,515.5 8,178.2 13,323.9 17,001.6 26,505.7 30,585.3 Private sector 962.8 1,086.3 1,114.9 1,349.9 2,350.2 3,045.2 3,058.6 3,198.7 5,932.6 9,832.2 10,775.2 15,729.6 15,934.4 Interest /a 378.2 477.6 510.1 663.7 1,391.6 1,587.1 1,409.5 1,512.0 4,181.5 7,821.2 8,684.1 11,984.7 10,537.2 Profits of branches 404.9 383.7 355.5 330.5 428.8 690.3 629.3 654.0 540.5 731.7 777.7 1,168.4 3,196.9 , Dividends 170.9 200.9 210.0 315.0 474.0 719.9 983.5 983.7 1,120.3 1,240.4 1,271.3 2,494.7 2,128.1 Other 8.8 24.1 39.3 40.7 55.8 47.9 36.3 49.0 90.3 38.9 42.1 81.8 72.2 Public sector 294.5 307.5 419.1 522.5 583.7 730.7 934.7 1,316.8 2,245.6 3,491.7 6,226.4 10,776.1 14,650.9 Interest /a 294.5 307.5 419.1 522.5 583.7 730.7 934.7 1,316.8 2,245.6 3,491.7 6,226.4 10,536.8 14,348.6 - Central Government (244.5) (238.4) (352.9) (426.2) (478.4) (481.0) (386.0) (601.8) (941.0) (1,711.1) (3,203.2) (4,504.0) (5,641.9) - State enterprises (50.0) (65.1) (59.6) (91.8) (102.1) (247.8) (548.2) (715.0) (1,304.6) (1,780.6) (3,023.2) (6,032.8) (8,706.7) - Local Government (-) (4.0) (6.6) (4.5) (3.2) (1.9) (0.5) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) Net Investment Income 379.3 29.6 -327.3 -424.3 -14.3 111.1 -847.5 -1,479.4 -4,811.7 -9,105.1 -11,685.4 -20,726.8 -24,944.5 Private sector -858.6 -960.8 -988.6 -1,151.8 -1,841.7 -2,576.4 -2,550.3 -2,716,7 -5,501.1 -9,088.7 -9,324.1 -13,709.8 -13,904.6 Public sector 1,237.9 990.4 661.3 727.5 1,827.4 2,687.5 1,702.8 1,237.3 689.4 -16.4 -2,361.3 -7,017.0 -11,039.9 /a Excluded interest on suppliers credits, information on which is not available. 7T; Prelimiinary. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.11: GOVERNMENT, n.i.e. (Millions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/a Receipts 4,839.8 4,514.2 5,262.5 5.034.3 4.238.3 3,519.8 2,052.9 1,081.4 1,336.2 1,706.5 2,529.2 2,297.6 2,288.4 Military 4,192.6 3,788.7 4,413.2 4,210.3 3,393.4 2 643.7 763.2 4.6 5.7 42.8 16.5 28.6 52.4 US military person- nel and agencies (4,159.4) (3,755.1) (4,398.2) (4,130.5) (3,373.5) (3,601.7) (2,601.7) (3.1) (5.7) (42.8) (16.5) (28.6) (52.4) US contractors for military projects (4.6) (11.0) (12.7j (74.2) (19.6) (40.8) (1.2) (0.8) (-) (-) (_) (-) () Other military (28.1) (22.6) (2.3) (5.6) (0.3) (1.2) (1.0) (0.7) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) Nornmilitary 647.7 725.5 849.3 844.9 876.1 1,844.9 876.1 1,076.8 1,330.5 1,663.7 2,512.7 2,269.0 2,236.0 Payments 395.3 399.0 336.8 444.8 318.5 303.7 457.2 448.4 523.0 563.8 734.1 1,608.8 1,310.5 Military 14.9 24.8 2.0 4.0 0.2 0.2 - 28.6 9503 182.2 262.0 251.0 335.3 w Nonmilitary 380.4 374.2 334.8 440.8 315.3 303.5 457.2 419.8 427.7 381.6 472.1 1,357.8 975.2 Services under aid programs (193.0) (162.7) (106.2) (113.3) (43.4) (25.3) (17.9) (19.0) (19.9) (13.6) (22.9) (72.7) (74.8) Other (187.4) (211.5) (228.6) (327.5) (271.9) (278.2) (439.3) (400.8) (407.8) (368.0) (449.2) (1,285.1) (900.4) Net Government, n.i.e. 4,444.5 4,115.2 4,925.7 4,589.5 3,919.8 3,216.1 1,595.7 633.0 813.2 1,142.7 1,795.1 688.8 977.9 Military 4,177.2 3,763.9 4,411.2 4,206.3 3,390.2 2,643.5 763.2 -24.0 -89.6 -139.4 -245.5 -228.4 -282.9 Nonmilitary 267.3 351.3 514.5 383.2 529.6 572.6 832.5 657.0 902.8 1,282.1 2,040.6 911.2 1,260.8 /a Preliminary. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.12: TRANSFERS (Millions of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/b Private transfers 57.4 131.1 630.7 2,398.9 4,375.6 1,134.5 100.8 443.3 128.0 461.9 1,529.9 1,100.8 1,680.3 Inflow 203.7 280.1 761.1 2,528.7 4,527.5 1,323.2 331.0 675.0 371.4 713.3 1,922.2 1,407.7 2,079.1 Outflow 146.3 149.0 130.4 129.8 151.9 188.7 230.2 231.7 243.4 251.4 392.3 306.9 338.8 Governoent transfers 954.3 773.0 608.1 569.9 541.3 497.6 363.7 358.6 688.0 762.1 2,900.6 2,589.4 2,387.8 US grants 613.0 519.0 417.9 356.3 228.9 166.3 105.8 53.8 107.3 93.5 92.9 176.3 226.3 Other grants /a 320.2 238.3 179.9 201.3 215.8 258.7 193.6 210.0 394.5 345.9 496. 6 626.6 426.5 Other (net) 21.1 15.7 10.3 12.3 96.6 72.6 64.3 94.8 186.2 322.7 2,311.1 1,786.5 1,734.9 1 Total transfers (net) 1,011.7 904.1 1,238.8 2,968.8 4,916.9 1,632.1 464.5 801.9 816.0 1,224.0 4,430.5 3,690.2 4X068.1 /a Breakdown by countries not available /b Preliminary. Source: Bank of Thailand. - 75 - Table 3.13 Page 1 Table 3.13: CAPITAL MOVEMJNTS (Millions of baht) 1970 1971 Credit Debit Net Credit Debit net A., Private Medium- & Long-term 5,329.1 3,186.5 2,142.6 5,041.4 3,733.1 1,308.3 1. Direct investment 1,014.1 123.6 890.5 1,027.8 219.4 808.4 1.1 Equity capital (685.3) (23.7) (661.6) (793.1) (101.1) (692.0) 1.2 Loans (328.8) (99.9) (228.9) (234.7) (118.3) (116.4) 2. Loans to private enterprises 736.6 515.6 221.0 1,100.3 1,036.7 63.6 3. Suppliers' credits to private enterprises 3,298.9 2,512.2 786.7 2,742.4 2,409.0 333.4 4. Portfolio investment 272.1 35.1 237.0 168.5 68.0 100.5 5. Other 7.4 - 7.4 2.4 - 2.4 B. Public Medium- & Long-term 1,314.2 1,156.4 157.8 1,356.2 970.5 385.7 i. Loans to stat,e enterprises 138.2 249.1 -110.9 218.0 238.0 -20.0 2. Suppliers' credits to state enterprises 289.1 87.5 201.6 153.7 73.5 80.2 3. Loans to the Centeral Governemt 833.8 388.7/a 445.1 579.5 273.2/a 306.3 4. Other Central Gov't - 431.1 -431.1 341.4 373.1 -31.7 4.1 Import credits (-) (35.4) (35.4) (-) (-) (-) 4.2 Export credits (-) (-) (-) (-) (-259.4) (-259.4) 5. Suppliers' credits to local Governments 53.1 - 53.1 63.6 12.7 50.9 C. Total Medium- & Long-term 6,643.3 4,342.9 2,300.4 6,397.6 4,703.6 1,694.0 D. Short-term /b 607.0 428.6 178.4 605.9 566.8 39.1 1. Private 586.2 402.8 183.4 483.1 328.3 154.8 1.1 Trade credits (586.2) (402.8) (1183.4) (483.1) (328.3) (154.8) 2. Public 20.8 25.8 -5.0 122.8 238.5 -115.7 E. Total Capital Movements 7,250.3 4,771.5 2,478.8 7,003.5 5,270.4 1,733.1 /a Including Bank of Thailand participation in IBRD Loans (Sirikit Dam and Third High- way Project) of B 357.3 million in 1969, B 236.4 million in 1970, B 98.6 million in 1971 and B 44.3 million in 1972. /b Less than one year. Table 3.13 - 76 - Page 2 1972 1973 Credit Debit Net Credit Debit Net A. Private Medium- & Long-term 6,640.5 3,543.0 3,097.5 5,332.5 4,/04.8 617.7 1. Direct investment 1,553.9 126.8 1,427.1 2,172.0 567.1 1,604.9 1.1 Equity capital (1,165.7) (11.0) (1,154.7) (1,408.8) (33.0) (1,375.8) 1.2 Loans (388.2) (115.8) (272.4) (763.2) (534.1) (229.1) 2. Loans to private enterprises 2,622.7 1,142.0 1,480.7 1,516.4 2,030.4 -514.0 3. Suppliers' credits to private enterprises 2,132.6 2,220.8 -88.2 1,370.0 2,055.0 -685.0 4. Portfolio investment 330.7 53.4 277.3 263.0 52.0 211.0 5. Other 0.6 - 0.6 1.1 0.3 0.8 B. Public Medium- & Long-term 1,287.3 1,120.5 166.8 1,750.8 723.3 1,027.5 1. Loans to state enterprises 661.0 261.4 399.6 763.8 319.5 444.3 2. Suppliers' credits to state enterprises 13.9 75.2 -61.3 13.5 85.1 -71.6 3. Loans to the Central Government 437.8/b 223.1/a 214.7 610.1/b 222.9 387.2 4. Other Central Gov't 174.6 535.4 -360.8 363.4 70.3 293.1 4.1 Import credits (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) 4.2 Export credits (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) 5. Suppliers' credits to local Governments - 25.4 -25.4 - +25.5 -25.5 C. Total Medium- & Long-term 7,927.8 4,663.5 3,264.3 7,073.3 5,428.1 1,645.2 D. Short-term /c 634.7 255.8 378.9 4,285.6 2,993.2 1,292.4 1. Private 544.8 z35.7 309.1 4,285.6 2,993.2 1,292.4 1.1 Trade credits (544.8) (235.7) (309.1) (4,285.6) (2,993.2) (1,292.4) 2. Public 89.9 20.1 69.8 - - - E. Total Capital Movements 8,562.5 4,919.3 3,643.2 11,358.9 8,421.3 2,937.6 /a Including Bank of Thailand participation in IBRD Loans (Sirikit Dam and Third High- way Project) of B 357.3 million in 1969, B 236.4 million in 1970, B 98.6 million in 1971 and B 44.3 million in 1972. /b Including refund from Bank of Thailand participations in IBRD Loans (Third Highway Projects) of B 1.4 million in 1972, B 18.9 million in 1973 and B 30.9 milLion in 1974. Ic Less than one year. Table 3.13 Page 3 1974 1975 Credit Debit Net Credit Debit Net A. Private Medium- & Long-term 11,593.1 4,923.1 6,669.7 9,567.0 6,471.0 3,096.0 1. Direct investment 4,683.3 847.0 3,836.3 3,391.4 1,646.6 1,744.8 1.1 Equity capital (3,026.3) (289.0) (2,737.2) (1,654.1) (358.0) (1,296.1) 1.2 Loans (1,657.1) (558.0) (1,099.1) (1,737.3) (1,288.6) (448.7) 2. Loans to private enterprises; 4,073.3 2,012.3 2,061.1 3,907.0 2,726.3 1,180.7 3. Suppliers' credits to private enterprises 2,586.9 2,010.9 576.0 2,205.6 2,069.6 136.0 4. Portfolio investment 248.5 53.3 195.2 55.9 28.5 27.4 5. Other 1.1 - 1.1 7.1 - 7.1 B. Public Medium-, & Long-term 1,986.0 732.3 1,253.7 2,986.1 927.7 2,058.4 1. Loans to state enterprises; 1,586.8 314.4 1,272.4 2,739.1 451.0 2,288.1 2. Suppliers' credits to state enterprises 0.2 98.7 -98.5 - 85.1 -85.1 3. Loans to the Central Government 399.0/a 272.6 126.4 213.2/a 318.2 -105.0 4. Other Central Gov't - 22.5 -22.5 33.8 50.4 -16.6 4.1 Import credits (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) 4.2 Export credits (-) (-) (-) (32.2) (-) (32.2) 5. Suppliers' credits to local GoveInments - 24.1 -24.1 - 23.0 -23.0 C. Total Medium- & Long-term 13,579.1 5,655.7 7,923.4 12,553.1 7,398.7 5,154.4 D. Short-term /b 9,835.8 8,704.5 1,131.3 12,893.0 10,292.7 2,600.3 1. Private 9,835.8 8,704.5 1,131.3 12,893.0 10,292.7 2,600.3 1.1 Trade credits (9,835.8) (8,704.5) (1,131.3)(12,694.2)(10,292.7) (2,410.8) 2. Public - - - - - ° iE. Total Capital Movements 23,414.9 14,360.2 9,054.7 25,446.1 17,691.4 7,754.7 /a Including refu,nd from Bank of Thailand's participation in IBRD loans (Third Highway Projects) of B3 1.4 million in 1972, B 18.9 million in 1973, B 30.9 million in 1974, B 47.1 millioTI in 1975, B 40.6 million in 1976 and B 42.2 million in 1977. /b Less than one year. - 78 - Table 3.13 Page 4 1976 1977 Credit Debit Net Credit Debit Net A. Private Medium- & Long-term 8,834.7 6,552.8 2,281.9 10,646.1 7,511.6 3,134.5 1. Direct investment 3,063.9 1,449.8 1,614.1 4,286.0 2,122.2 2,163.8 1.1 Equity capital (1,565,5) (238.7) (1,326.8) 1,325.3 209.2 1,116.1 1.2 Loans (1,498.4) (1,211.1) (287.3) 2,960.7 1,913.0 1,047.7 2. Loans to private enterprises 4,277.0 2,961.0 1,316.0 4,620.6 3,291.0 1,329.6 3. Suppliers' credits to private enterprises 1,428.1 2,054.8 -626.7 1,565.1 2,027.5 -462.4 4. Portfolio investment 65.7 87.2 -21.5 71.4 69.9 1.5 5. Other - - - 103.0 1.0 102.0 B. Public Medium- & Long-term 5,152.7 949.5 4,203.2 7,396.1 1,790.2 5,606.0 1. Loans to state enterprises 2,423.4 500.9 1,922.5 5,465.1 648.3 4,816.8 2. Suppliers' credits to state enterprises - 83.2 -83.2 33.8 83.3 -49.5 3. Loans to the Central Government 2,504.2/a 347.0 2,157.2 1,372.7/a 601.9 770.8 4. Other Central Gov't 225.1 5.3 219.8 524.6 456.7 +69.9 4.1 Import credits (-) (-) (-) (447.1) (447.1) (-) 4.2 Export credits (73.9) -) (83.9) (74.0) (-) (74.0) 5. Suppliers' credits to local Governments - 13.1 -13.1 - - - C. Total Medium- & Long-term 13,987.4 7,502.3 6,485.1 18,042.3 9,301.8 8,740.5 D. Short-term /b 16,979.6 14,201.1 2,778.5 21,105.8 15,879.4 5,226.4 1. Private 16,979.6 14,201.1 2,778.5 21,105.8 15,879.4 5,226.4 1.1 Trade credits 16,477.2)(14,201.1) (2,276.1)(20,248.6)(15,879.4) (4,369.2) 2. Public - - - E. Total Capital Movements 30,967.0 21,703.4 9,263.6 39,148.1 25,181.2 1.3,966.9 /a Including refund trou Bank of Thailand's participation in IBRD Loans (Third Highway Projects) of B 1.4 million in 1972, B 18.9 million in 1973, B 30.9 million in 1974, a 47.1 milliod in 1975, B 40.6 million in 1976 and B 42.2 million in 1977. /b Less than one year. Table 3.13 79 ~ Page 5 1978 1979 Credit Debit N;et Credit Debit Net A. Private Medium- & Long-term 16,749.9 14,850.8 1,899.1 26,324.3 16,816.3 +9,508.0 I. Direct investment 6,364.8 5,354.0 1,C10.8 5,999.5 4,951.8 +1,047.7 1.1 Equity capital (1,111.8) (427.0) (+684.8) (1,412.7) (227.6)(+1,185.1) 1.2 Loans (5,253.0) (4,927.0) (+326.0) (4,586.8) (4,724.2) -137.4) 2. Loans to private enterprises 8,908.3 7,587.4 1,3120.9 15,899.3 9,831.2 +6,068.1 3. Suppliers' credits to private enterprises 1,218.2 1,849.8 -631.6 2,266.9 2,020.5 +246.4 4. Portfolio investment 184.0 59.6 124.4 2,144.1 12.8 +2,131.3 5. Other 74.6 - +74.6 14.5 - +14.5 B. Public Hedium- & Long-term 13,392.0 2,129.0 11,263.0 24,067.5 3,400.3 +20,667.2 1. Loans to state enterprises 6,24713 982.2 5,264.9 1:3,862.9 1,628.9 +12,233.9 2. Suppliers' credits to state enterp,rises 1.4 95.5 --94.1 - 90.3 90.3 3. Loans to the Central Goverrment 7,024.7/a 984.9 6,057.8 10,123.3/a 1,232.5 +8,890.8 4. Other Central Gov't 100.8 60.1 40.7 81.3 448.6 -367.3 4.1 Import credits (-) (-) C-) (-) (-) (-) 4.2 Export credits (74.2) (-) 474.2) (81.3) (383.1) (-301.8) 5. Suppliers' credits to local Goverrments - 6.3 -6.3 - - C. Total Medium- &Long--term 30,141.9 16,979.8 13,162.1 50,391.7 20,216.6 +30,175.2 D. Short-term /a 24,331.1 22,634.9 1,_'96.2 32,894.9 29,303.2 +3,591.7 1. Private 24,331.1 22,634.9 1,6596.2 32,742.8 29,175.6 +3,567.2 1.1 Trade credits (22,986.8)(22,632.4) (+354.4)(31,097.2)(29,074.0)(+2,023.2) 2. Public - - 152.1 127.6 +24.5 E. Total Capital Movements 54,473.0 39,614.7 14,B58.3 83,286.6 49,519.8 +33,766.8 /l1 Including refund from Bank of Thailand's participations in IBRD loans (Third Highway Projects) of B 45.9 million in 1978 and B 34.6 nillion in Jan-Sep 1979. /b Less than one year. Table 3.13 - 80 - Page 6 1980 1981 1982 Credit Debit Net Credit Debit Net Credit Debit Net A. Private Medium- & Long-term 45,308.4 26,590.8 18,717.6 46,256.6 20,825.7 25,439.9 56,431.6 42,134.7 14,296.9 1. Direct investment 9,259.0 5,443.2 3,815.8 9,341.8 2,978.6 6,363.2 9,596.5 5,380.1 4,216.4 1.1 Equity capital (3,073.8) (194.9) (3,508.9) (4,127.2) (130.1) (3,997.1) (3,884.0) (497.9 (3,386.1) 1.2 Loans (5,555.2) (5,248.3) (306.9) (5,214.6) (2,848.5) (2,366.1) (5,712.5) (4,882.2 (830.3) 2. Loans to private enterprises 30,269.4 18,946.0 11,323.4 33,028.4 15,343.2 17,685.2 42,624.3 34,070.9 8,553.4 3. Suppliers' credits to private enterprises 4,564.3 2,138.4 2,425.9 3,450.6 2,187.8 1,262.8 3,317.8 2,677.5 640.3 4. Portfolio investment 1,096.1 62.7 1,033.4 276.8 257.9 18.9 614.5 4.7 609.8 5. Other 119.6 0.5 119.1 168.0 58.2 109.8 278.5 1.5 277.0 B. Public Medium- & Long-term 27,906.0 3,536.4 24,369.6 32,420.4 5,246.9 27,173.5 30,366.4 8,295.5 22,070.9 1. Loans to state enterprises 18,015.7 1,903.7 16,112.0 21,881.4 2,441.8 19,439.6 17,157.3 4,224.1 12,933.2 2. Suppliers' credits to state enterprises 2,147.7 75.3 2,072.4 - 266.3 -266.3 2,182.7 13.5 2,169.2 3. Loans to the Central Government 7,540.0/a 1,476.1 6,063.9 10,276.7 2,370.4 7,906.3 10,751.4 3,081.3 7,670.1 4. Other Central Gov't 202.6 81.3 121.3 262.3 168.4 93.9 875.0 976.5 -101.5 4.1 Import credits (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) C-) C-) (-) C-) 4.2 Export credits (202.6) (-) (202.6) (215.5) (-) (215.5) (194.9) (147.2 (47.7) 5. Suppliers' credits to local Governments - - - - - - - - - C. Total Medium- & Long-term 73,214.4 30,127.2 43,087.2 78,686.0 26,072.6 52,613.4 86,798.0 50,430.2 36,367.8 D. Short-term /a 55,142.3 47,452.3 7,690.0 79,248.5 76,731.7 2,516.8 73,057.1 72,042.6 1,051.3 1. Private 54,092.9 47,246.0 6,846.9 70,249.1 74,628.7 -4,379.6 67,859.1 64,806.8 3,052.3 1.1 Trade credits (51,294.4) (47,032.0) (4,262.4) (66,250.6) (73,634.5) (-7,383.9) (61,504.9) (62,227.7 (-722.8) 2. Public 1,049.4 206.3 843.1 8,999.4 2,103.0 6,896.4 5,234.8 7,235.8 -2,001.0 E. Total Capital Movements 128,356.7 77,579.5 50,777.2 157,934.5 102,804.3 55,130.2 159,891.9 122,472.8 37,419.1 /a Including refund from Bank of Thailand's participations in IBRD loans (ThirdHighway Project) of B 52.8 million in 1980 and B 60.1 million in 1981. /b Less then one year. Source: Bank of Thailand. - 81 - Table 3.14: INTERNATIONAL RESERVES (Millions of US dollars) Monetary authorities Reserve Commercial banks position Liabtil- End of in the Foreign ities period Gold SDRs IMF exchange Total Assets /a Net Total net Change 1960 104.3 - 11.3 256.0 371.6 35.4 53.0 -17.6 354.0 +44.9 1961 104.2 - 11.3 338.9 454.4 45.5 67.3 -21.8 432.6 +78.6 1962 104.2 - 11.3 407.9 523.4 43.9 72.4 -28.5 494.9 +62.3 1963 104.2 - 11.3 460.6 576.1 57.4 913.0 -35.6 540.5 +45.6 1964 104.2 - 11.3 544.8 660.3 66.3 11.7.0 -50.7 6C9.6 +69.1 1965/a 96.4 - 19.0 623.9 739.3 82.9 11.7.2 -34.3 705.0 +95.4 1966 91.7 - 23.8 808.1 923.6 95.0 154.7 -59.7 863.9 +158.9 1967 91.7 - 23.8 893.0 1,008.5 76.7 168.8 -92.1 916.4 +52.5 1968 91.7 - 23.8 905.5 1,021.0 I18.0 191.0 -83.0 938.0 +21.6 1969 91.7 - 23.8 869.4 984.9 129.1 220.0 -9 0.9 894.0 -44.0 19 70 82.0 - 33.5 790.2 905.7 126.0 265.2 -139 .2 766.5 -127.5 1971/b 88.9 1.5.6 36.4 736.1 877.0 181.8 281.8 -100.0 777.0 +10.5 1972 E18.9 11.0 36.4 896.2 1,052.5 218.2 301.9 -83.7 968.8 +191.8 1973/c 98.8 34.4 40.4 1,121.6 1,29 5.2 274.9 488.1 -2131.2 1,082.0/d +113.2 19747i 100.3 36.2 41.0 1,680.9 1,858.4 279.7 573.9 -294.2 1,564.2 +482.2 1.975 95.9 :4.6 39.2 1,605.4 1,775.1 257.9 664.2 -406.3 1,368.8 -195.4 1976 95.2 33.6 38.9 1,725.2 1,892.9 344.5 7S3.0 -408.5 1,484.4 +115.6 1977 101.9 37.1 40.7 1,735.2 1,914.9 4 15.5 1,1:31.0 -69 5.5 1,219 .4 -265.0 1978/f 548.3 :34.6 - 1,974.4 2,557.3 51.3.5 1,776.9 -1,261.4 1,293.9 +74.5 -1979 1,286.2 48.8 - 1,794.0 3,129.0 718.2 2,098.1 -1,379.9 1,74B.1 +455.2 IL980/& 1,466.0 8.2 - 1,551.9 3,026.1 754.4 1,655.5 -901.1 2,125.0 +375.9 1981 994.7 60.8 - 1,670.6 2,726.1 1,060.2 1,629.6 -569.4 2,156.7 +31.7 1982 1,114.0 24 5 - 1,513.1 2,651.6 1,1310.3 1,379.3 -249.0 2,402.6 +245.9 1983 1,114.0 26.8 - 1,573.9 2,714.7 1,01..9 1,29 5.3 -276.4 2,438.3 +35.7 'a Starting with 19 65, figures for commercial banks' liabilities exclude capital funds of branches of foreign banks. lb Beginning DecemLber 1971, gold, SDRs and IMF gold trumche position are valued at US$38 per fine ounce and foreign currencies are converted to lollars alt realigned rates. /c From February ]L973, gold, SDRs and IMF gold tranche position are valued at US$42.22 per fine ounce and foreign currencies are converted to dollars at newly realigned rates. /d Of total net increase of US$113.2 million in 1973, UJS$76 million was due to revaluation of reserve assets after exchange rate changes. /e Beginning July 1974, gold, SDRs and IMF gold tranche position are valued at the respective US$/SDR transa,ction value, as measured by the "basket' valuation of the SDR. Foreign curren- cies are valued at end-of-month market rates. /f For the period December 1978-December 1979, gold hoLdings were revalued tcnthly on the basis of the London mnarket gold price on the last working day of each month. Beginning January 1980, this revaluation is made annually, at the end of each year. t8 Beginning December 1980 a downward adjustment in reimerves is made as a iresult of deletion of SDR's subscription payments to the IMF previously shown as "IMP Reserve Tranch Position." Source: Bank of Thailand. - 82 - Table 3.15: TRADE INDICES & TERMS OF TRADE (1975 - 100) Terms Exports Imports of Period Volume Unit value Value Volume Unit value Value trade (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 1966 59.94 52.27 31,33 58.86 47.05 27.69 111.09 1967 60.72 51.85 31.48 70.84 46.87 33.20 110.63 1968 58.74 51.74 30.39 80.66 44.71 36.06 115.72 1969 61.04 53.54 32.68 88.66 43.82 38.85 122.18 1970 64.71 50.72 32.82 91.14 44.34 40.41 114.39 1971 84.23 45.58 38.39 76.72 52.26 40.09 87.22 1972 99.80 50.06 49.96 88.83 52.01 46.20 96.25 1973 93.27 76.78 71.61 109.85 57,46 63.12 133.62 1974 104.39 105.99 110.64 101.67 94.25 95.82 112.46 1975 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 1976 138.86 97.26 135.06 103.40 105.46 109.04 92.22 1977 159.14 99.40 158.19 124.24 113.42 140.91 87.64 1978 171.83 107.41 184.56 133.23 122.30 162.94 87.83 1979 187.28 128.34 240.36 154.65 141.41 218.69 90.76 1980 195.08 151.71 295.95 160.78 175.59 282.32 86.40 1981 223.89 151.84 339.95 161.30 201.06 324.30 *75.52 1982 /a 260.21 136.47 355.11 138.48 212.41 294.14 64.25 /a Preliminary. Source: Bank of Thailand, Annual Report. - 83 - Table 3.16: DUTIES ON IMPORTS BY ESONIIIC CLASSIFICATION /a 19 70 19 71 19 72 19 73 19 74 19 75 1976 1977 1978 19 79 1980 1981 1982 Receipts in Millons of Baht .onsuer Goods Nondurable 1,188 932 968 1,007 1,026 1,172 1,387 1,571 1,934 2,091 2,460 2,685 2,503 Durable 476 429 469 597 799 962 1,165 1,471 1,602 1,714 1,891 2,425 2,216 Subtotal 1,664 1,361 1,437 1,604 1,825 2,134: 2,552 3 042 3,536 3,805 4,351 5,110 4,719 Intermediate Products and Raw Materials Chiefly for consumer goods 967 1,272 1,330 1,607 1,867 1,71(1 2,041 2,639 2,794 4,002 3,833 4,664 5,034 Chiefly for capital goods 258 275 269 381 391 314i 393 534 559 699 661 737 999 Subtotal 1,225 1,547 1,599 1.988 2,258 2.02ti 2,434 3 3 3,353 4,701 4,494 5,401 6,033 Capital Goods 1,175 1,165 1,327 1,550 2,129 1,89 1 2,263 3,179 4,0C 4,721 5,052 5,735 5,238 Other1mportaU Vteicles and parts 724 787 830 1,298 1,561 1,621. 1,642 2,254 2,696 2,341 2,275 2,815 2,548 of which: Passenger cars (302) (215) (205) (364) (381) (22i) (201) (332) (200) (62) (37) (44) (61) Buses & trucks (234) (368) (396) (656) (780) (974) (863) (1,169) (1,721) (1,456) (1,376) (1,550) (1,457) Chassis 14 bodies (148) (175) (206) (254) (366) (394) (537) (697) (731) (775) (812) (1.154) (969) Tires (40) (29) (23) (24) (34) (21i) (41) (56) (44) (78) (50) (67) (62) Fuels & lubricants 524 257 239 301 451 364 369 531 891 1,315 2,505 2,008 1,132 Miscellaneous 33 30 72 28 55 71 148 37 51 55 68 98 82 Subtotal 1,281 1,074 1,141 1,627 2,067 2,06. 2,159 2,822 3,638 3,711 4,848 4,921 3,763 Total 5,345 5,147 5,504 6,769 8,279 8,114 9,408 12,216 14,536 6,938 18,745 21,167 9,753 Rec ipts Is X of Imports Consumer Goods oindurable 34.1 32.6 29.4 24.8 19.9 22.B1 24.8 24.8 25.6 22.4 20.1 19.7 19.3 Durable 27.3 22.6 19.3 20.0 24.9 26.1 30.4 30.9 29.7 26.0 26.9 25.9 22.4 Subtotal 31.8 28.6 25.1 22.7 21.8 24.2 27.1 27.4 27.3 23.9 22.6 22.2 20.6 Intermediate Products and Raw Materials Chiefly for consumer goods 23.4 25.5 22.6 18.8 16.5 16.6 16.3 16.4 16.5 15.3 13.6 13.8 16.5 Chiefly for capital goods 10.0 9.9 8.3 7.5 5.6 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.4 4.0 3.9 3.7 5.5 Subtotal 18.2 19.9 17.5 14.6 12.3 12.6 12.0 11.8 11.3 10.8 9.9 10.1 12.4 Capital Goods 12.5 13.5 13.6 12.1 10.7 8.5 11.7 13.0 12.8 11.8 11.0 10.1 11.0 Other Imports Vehicles and parts 32.8 35.9 37.5 38.2 37.3 35.8 31.7 28.3 35.7 32.9 32.9 29.4 33.3 of which: Passenger cars n.a. (66.4) (65.7) (66.9) (68.0) (72.3) (70.5) (:71.7) (93.0) (38.3) (90.2) (89.8) (91.0) Buses & trucks n.a. (30.6) (38.5) (38.7) (40.8) (40.6) (42.6) (43.1) (53.6) (54.5) (62.8) (60.4) (59.6) Chassis & bodies n.a. (29.0) (25.0) (23.0) (22.5) (22.4) (19.7) ((15.1) (18.3) (18.8) (18.2) (17.3) (19.9) Tires n.a. (47.5) (46.9) (41.4) (40.0) (28.9) (31.8) (34.1) (33.9) (26.8) (21.6) (22.4) (22.7) Fuels & lubricantss 22.5 33.0 35.0 27.6 20.6 16.9 13.0 12.0 14.1 14.3 12.9 11.2 7.2 Miscellaneous 2.9 4.2 7.9 4.5 7.5 8.9 7.5 1.3 1.1 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.9 Subtotal 22.5 29.2 30.0 31.8 29.1 27.3 21.6 18.4 19.7 15.9 12.5 13.6 11.7 Total 19.8 20.7 19.4 17.5 15,4 14.8 15.9 15.7 15.7 13.8 12.5 12.5 13.0 /a Figures are on calendar year basis. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 3.17: lMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF CRUDE OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Imports c.i.f. Crude oil Volume (mln. barrels) 27.8 39.6 47.9 55.7 50.2 52.6 55.4 61.0 61.2 64.4 62.0 60.4 54.1 Average price (US$/barrel) 2.05 2.33 2.41 3.15 10.33 11.48 12.51 13.22 13.20 17.82 30.95 35.84 36.21 Value (mln. US$) 57.1 91.4 115.8 175.0 518.6 603.8 692.8 806.3 808.1 1,147.2 1,919.1 2,165.0 1,958.0 Petroleum products Volume (mln. barrels) 10.5 7.4 5.4 8.0 6.9 5.5 7.4 11.0 17.7 16.6 23.8 18.8 15.9 Average price (US$/barrel) 5.16 5.24 6.15 6.75 11.52 14.89 15.11 14.98 17.47 27.2 39.86 43.54 42.01 Value (mln. US$) 54.2 38.8 33.2 54.0 79.5 81.9 111.8 164.8 309.2 451.6 948.7 818.5 684.7 Exports f.o.b. Petroleum products Volume (mln. barrels) 0.3 1.3 3.2 4.1 0.9 0.7 0.3 - - 0.4 0.1 - Average price (US$/barrel) 5.67 4.85 3.69 4.46 14.89 15.86 16.67 - - 23.25 34.0 - Value (mln. US$) 1.7 6.3 11.8 18.3 13.4 11.1 5.0 - - 9.3 3.4 - - Net Imports Petroleum products Volume (mln. barrels) 10.2 6.1 2.2 3.9 6.0 4.8 7.1 11.0 17.7 16.2 23.7 18.8 15.9 Value (mln. US$) 52.5 32.5 21.4 35.7 66.1 70.8 106.8 164.8 309.2 442.3 945.3 818.5 684.7 Source: Bank of Thailand. - 85 - Table 3.18: COMPOSITION 0'S OIL IMPORTS (B million) 1975 1976 1977 1978 197'9 1980 1981 1982 Crude oil 12,076 13,857 16,448 16,527 23,425 39,30i 47,241 45,053 Gasoline 158 120 162 615 659 2,164 1,713 89 Kerosene 14 5 22 25 46 43 300 532 Diesel and special fuels 1,478 2,116 3,176 4,613 6,993 14,833 12,494 10,740 Lubricants, asphalt, etc. 428 508 993 9S59 1,386 2,214 3,144 3,970 Total 14,154 16,606 20,801 22,739 32,509 58,55B 64,892 60,384 Source: BOT. Ta61. 4.1: au ANLm Am MIt 33.12C 03.206230 /a 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 3979 1980 1991 191 D bwre tel 38.185 47.675 108.556 83,809 214,890 211,661 216,377 286,296 522,170 702.267 874.990 6533.87 384,302 RePey~s.e 16,96 39,637 24,282 97,773 56.810 130.191 136,412 165.432 441.106 411,832 477,000 315,143 394.620 Ieeeee PeYeeete 14,010 213217 21.091 29,734 57.054 69,277 42,611 63.892 102.037 161.675 238.900 299,941 196,279 Aemt dtsobeed aed eeteteedleg 177.074 185,112 269,396 255,430 413,440 494,910 575,073 6"93,99 774,903 1,045,340 1,462,991 :1,801,595 1,9M.313 ~iumre Credit DI.bw? tst 131,214 111,984 97,199 33,666 109.901 93,329 60,900 64,903 50,639 96,829 132.120 135.753 122.973 ftepej.eelb 90,544 95.847 91.443 05,894 81,102 85,324 92,334 98.715 80,930 74,504 7S.900 79.375 94.037 ietereel pe-s.eet - - - - - - - - - - 19,472 23,991 4.tet dieburs" d e ot.t.edl.S 224,259 240,198 235,954 203,726 234,525 241,329 209.995 185,883 153,722 179,059 239.649 297,027 325.807 eee6Suppelle.' Credit. D2.b-.,reu 169,301 159.561 195.795 139,475 324.791 303.989 277.477 24,990 572,829 799,007 1,026.700 799,620 706,975 Debt eerici . peetm 124.317 156,701 134,816 223,405 195,038 284.99 '291,137 320,039 624,061 649.011 789,800 703,951 709,947 A8 t 480d.bw.ree eel eeltetedl 401,233 425,210 505,350 441,156 647,963 736.239 762,070 979.922 930,627 1,243,378 1,702,540 ,098,622 2,316.920 0ieb~~~eee1S 31~~~,791 26,747 19,384 29,773 19,183 8,621 124,060 97,989 480,548 550,349 419.915 473.887 4nl.5so Repayable in ferei89 cereece. (31,781) (26,747) (19,394) (28,773) (18,183) (8.621) (124.060) (87,989) (420,548) (550.349) (419,965) (475,887) (471,392) 8e9eyabl* Ce be6t - ) ( () C. H) ~ ) ( Re9eUeet 9,124 8,415 7,985 9,914 11.345 13,748 15.454 38,310 49,424 58.026 71.461 107.631 131,982 I. .ereig -eeeI.. (90918) (8,480) (7,842) (9,751) (11.362) (13,345) (15.229) (28,063) (49,154) (57,732) (71,143) (107,287) (251,612) to bebt (106) (125) (143) (193) (183) (203) (225) (247) (270) (294) (319) (344) (370) letertee pvmeel 7,473 9,677 10,099 12,609 12,130 13.489 17,558 24,205 39,792 70,460 132,502 175,744 1177,305 In fereaep terrecies (7,243) (9,451) (9,877) (12.392) (11,918) (13.285) (17,232) (34,016) (39,612) (70,490) (132.362) (175,556) (177,169) In bbht (230) (226) (222) (217) (211) (204) (506) (189) (180) (170) "1460) (149) (134) Aw84t dambermed aed ftteteedleg 179,209 204,441 219,114 243,173 230,336 242.517 3533,939 431,364 912.252 1,273,042 1,652,034 1,850,308 2,279,049 IspOyeble In Cereige terretl. (172,710) (19.0689) (211,495) (259.109) (246.673) (256.837) (350,383) (426,255) (807,293) (1,270,395) (1,847,819) (1,%969941) (2.275.433) Repayabl, e in841 (6,499) (6,372) (4,229) (6,064) (3,883) (5,680) (5,456) (3,209) (4,939) (4,646) (4,327) (3,984) (3.614) stt. at e rits Di!fsw~~~= s - ~16,467 13,118 30,853 40,232 78,933 14l,202 117,409 229,447 311.860 706,721 957,786 1.010,743 945,433 1.98y861e 10 ferelge teree.. (16,407) (13,118) (30,853) (40.232) (79,953) (141,202) (117,409) (226,447) (311.860) (704,721) (957,786) (1,010.745) (848,433) tepayeble L. 9891 (-3 (-) - (- (5 (.) ( ) ()-5) ()( Ieppeyeste 13.830 14,132 15,62S 18.858 19,903 24,935 28,482 34,303 46,634 97,954 95.930 119,622 173,950 to fereige terreetlee (14,578) (12.833) (14,249) (17,402) (19,348) (23,315) (26,888) (34,676) (44,916) (96060) (.94,98) (119.622) (173.950) in 986t (1,232) (1.299) (2,379) (1,433) (1,335) (1,620) (1,624) (1,627) (1,718) (1,814) (944) (-(- 10180911 5e784te 9.471 9,541 15,232 12,815 14,317 21,435 27.248 35.852 54,143 99,571 135,492 219,919 505,687 Ie CereSl rerrerle (9,793) (8,733) (9,301) (12,229) (13,741) (20,944) (26,8672 (35,339) (53,949) (89.444) (135,457) (218,919) (305,687) ie 9861 (878) (804) . (732) (656) (576) (481) (401) (315) (223) (127) (25) (-H- A.it dIebere -d e -teltledjS 162,715 165,981 181.681 239.719 275.177 385.980 478.192 696.982 1.016.791 1.537,686t 2.475.502 31.217.031 3,930.473 ilep.yebl . fto eige tererc 147,699) (152,244) (149,343) (198,934) (263,829) (379,252) (472,089) (492,506) (1.011.943) (1,356,742) (2,473,502) (3,217,031) (3,830,473) 1918786*18 Ce 686 (13,514) (13.717) (12,338) (10,983) (9,348) (7,728) (6,103) (4,476) (2,738) (944) ()(5 - LOWa Oovermeel /. DIRSN temt 2.551 I.10 - - - - - - - - Repelmelt 624 1,273 1,248 1,191 1,131 641 - 296-- letereet PaLymete 187 303 221 196 69 22 - 119- -- 8.8.t disbured .ed eltetdiea 5,662 6,498 4,783 35530 2,393 1,030 262 293 - - - = - Total 986110 seler /s ugoIeeretm 3U,739 42,971 30,237 69,003 07,158 149,923 241,469 314,434 712,408 1,253,070 1,337,451 1,494,632 1,419,993 Lomapbie Ce ferwi rereei.. (50.7393 (42,971) (50,237) (49,005) (97,1285 (169.823) (241,:4693 (314,434) (712,4,08) (1,255,070) (1,357,651) C1,464,68)2 (1.429,995) L.peyabe L. Ceb 641-) (-3 - - ' - - () 1) (3 () & - 8epm7.ets 24,754 23,371 24.884 30.020 32,639 39,814 46,377 64,413 96,354 135,880 167.391 227,255 305.952 Is ierelg cerceseci (23,386) (21,947) (23,364) (28.402) (30.921) (37.991) (42.7293 (62,7395 (96,346) (153.772) (166,129) (226,909) (305,562) Is bebt (1,358) (1,424) (1,322) (1.618) (1,718) (1,823) (1,849) (1,874) (1,998) (2,108). (1,262) (544) (370) leteret 987.48. 17,146 19.403 29,633 25,715 28,943 35,012 446,94 40,057 94,074 180,251 268.904 594,625 482,992 Is Cwel.8 uTeomiet (16,036) (18,372) (19,681) (24,862) (27,856) (54,319) (44,141) (59,535) (93,671) (159,934) (267,919) (394,475) (482,854) Xe 6M6 (1,199) (1,032) (954) (971) (787) (6913 (707) (502) (405) (197) (185) (148). (156) A el disbeed .ed .ettledieg 1435,593 376,920 404,577 438,442 328,126 626,527 834,293 1,158,839 1.826,933 2,952,127 4,127.448 5,,190,933 4.209,322 Ropayabl. Ce ferejan avereere (324,071) (356,8303 (384,011) (461,495) (512,895) (616,119) (822,734) (,915)(1,819,234) (2,827,157) (4,123.121) 3,184,972) (6,205,908) lep"ayble Ce 6.6t (21,314) (20,090) (14,346) (16,969) (13,251) (13,408) (11.559) (9,495) (7,897) (5,390) (4,527) (3,983) (3,614) 8.8.8 dIbeeed .4 etet_eg 722,304 782.140 891,361 901.646 1,140,840 1,332,356 1,607,804 1,998,976 2,749,843 4,070,312 3,823,461 7,285,594 9,522,828 D61ebt eyie paSmets 164,749 197.133 170,661 248,649 253,815 357,502 378,134 442,333 912,099 961,717 1,223,749 1,325,335 1,497,265 PrIvMat mtor 124,317 156,701 134,814 213,405 195,038 294,99 191,157 320,039 424,061 848.011 789,800 703,951 788.418 18621 meter 59,432 40,432 43,045 53,246 39,777 72,309 86,069 122,296 188,037 313,704 433,969 621.384 708.967 Debt ow9"s 8987.418 980648148 981,8a. etter (15.6) (12.3) (8.6) (10.0) (6.1) (9.5) (9.0) (7.7) (12.2) (9.7) (9.2) (7.6) (8.4) pebie gette (3.4) (5.2) (2.7) (2.3) (1.9) (2.5) (2.4) (2.9) (3.7) (4.7) (5.1) (6.7) (7.7) Dabs9 6416 a etetity 40 evre - et Iee3edieg Ceterea 98.4818 eet2. 1980. la1848 *a sq*p3iere tdt..Mao 86t of 348k of ThaiL.d partl*ipatimeC 11.0tR ieee.. 8 3e99i0ew cr&dit. aspepeaie 18 fe038o ttrv e Goode mi mat. ton earie. SOere, leek 6f T683dUer-ld Beek. - 87 - Table 4.2: EXTERNAL PUBLIC MEBT OUTSTANDING INCLUDING UNDISBURSED AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1982 CUS$S000) Type of creditor/ Debt Outstanding Creditor country Disbursed Undisbursed Total Suppi ers Credits Gernany, Fed. Rep. of 49,810 549 50,359 Hongkong - 20,000 20,000 Japan 121,876 84,027 205,903 Total Suppliers Credits jj86 1t4,576 276,262 Financial Institutions Austria 8,1'19 - 8,139 Canada 72'8 - 728 Densiark 2,4'l3 1;0,664 63,097 Fraance 53,6'i3 1,459 55,112 Germany, Fed. Rep. of 90,8(8 - 90,808 Japsn 355,661il 102,597 458,258 Netberlands 3,805 - 3,805 Singapore 14,228 - 14,228 Sweden 6,491 381 6,872 Switzerland 1,72!7 13,645 25,372 Uniited Kingdom 86,593 - 86,593 United States 52,6,33 76,700 129,383 Multiple Lenders 1,681,5135 4,600 1,686,185 Total Financial Institutions 2,368,534 260,046 2,628,580 Bonds Japan 170,200 - 170,200 Total Bonds 170200 170,200 Multilateral Loans Asian Development Bank 431,630 5139,727 971,357 IBRD 1,270,411 1,284,215 2,554,626 IDA 69,451 52,544 121,995 IMP Trust Fund 144,454 - 144,454 International Fund ARG (IFAD) 5,9S92 26,508 32,500 OPE.C Special Fund 9,461 34,106 43,567 Total Multilateral Loans 1,931,'199 1,937F11O 3,868,499 Bilateral Loans Australia - 2,274 2,274 Belgium 2,664 - 2,664 Canada 53,221 66,881 120,102 Denmark 9,256 10,735 19,991 France 18,752 5,819 24,571 Germany, Fed. Rep. of 133,065 49,016 182,081 Japan 868,477 U49,795 1,818,272 Kuwait 35,937 52,043 87,980 News Zealand 3,567 - 3,567 Saudi Arabia 18,993 31,953 50,946 United Kingdom 100,890 43,284 144,174 United States 319,267 68,905 388,172 Total Bilateral Loans 1.564,089 1287 2,844,794 Total External Public Debt 6,205,908 3,582427 S1,788,335 Notes: (1) Only debts with an original or extended maturity of over one year are included in this Table. (2) Debt outstanding includes principal in arresrs but excludes interest in arrears. Source: World Bank. - 88 - Table 4.3: PROJECTED SERVICE PAYMENTS, DISBURSEMENTS AND OUTSTANDING AMOUNTS OF EXTERNAL PUBLIC DEBT AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1982 /a (US$OOO) Debt outstanding at beginning of period Total transactions during period Other changes Disbursed Including Cocmit- Disburse- Service payments Cancel- Adjust- Year only disbursed ments ments Principal Interest Total lations ment /b Actual 1975- 512,895 1,122,156 321,139 149,823 37,991 34,318 72,309 21,079 -12,382 1976 616,119 1,281,843 407,452 241,469 42,728 42,728 86,869 - 16,312 1977 822,734 1,662,879 788,609 314,436 62,739 59,555 122,2Q4 2,705 97,065 1978 1,119,154 2,483,109 1,164,856 712,408 94,366 93,671 188,037 13,008 173,437 1979 1,819,236 3,714,028 1,826,840 1,255,070 153,772 159,934 313,706 4,889 -194,744 1980 2,827,137 5,187,463 1,920,357 1,357,651 166,129 267,819 433,948 5,568 191,271 1981 4,123,121 7,127,394 1,661,165 1,484,632 226,909 394,475 621,384 16,622 -280,481 1982 5,186,972 8,264,547 2,094,209 1,419,995 305,562 482,856 788,418 122,358 -142,497 1983 6,205 908 9,788,339 - - - - - - - Projected 1983 6,205,908 9,788,339 - 1,074,974 410,652 511,712 922,364 - 3 1984 6,870,237 9,377,690 - 835,620 577,296 536,852 1,114,148 - 7 1985 7,128,559 8,800,401 - 663,808 637,243 537,758 1,175,001 - - 1986 7,155,126 8,163,158 - 469,123 709,821 523,755 1,233,576 - -7 1987 6,914,419 7,453,330 - 275,641 780,251 491,957 1,272,208 - 8 1988 6,409,814 6,673,087 - 148,493 811,449 441,792 1,253,241 - -1 1989 5,746,858 5,861,637 - 73,325 661,387 385,995 1,047,382 - 2 1990 5,158,797 5,200,252 - 31,251 530,896 339,044 869,940 - 4 1991 4,659,156 4,669,360 - 8,419 509,320 299,495 808,815 - 1 1992 4,158,256 4,160,041 - 1,456 471,650 260,532 732,182 - 9 1993 3,688,071 3,688,400 - 282 429,721 226,480 656,201 - 4 1994 3,258,636 3,258,683 - 47 413,440 194,853 608,293 - -2 1995 2,845,241 2,845,241 - - 365,958 165,365 531,323 - 11 1996 2,479,294 2,479,294 - - 350,004 139,499 489,503 - 8 1997 2,129,298 2,129,298 - - 321,710 114,918 436,628 - 5 1998 1,807,593 1,807,593 - - 303,847 92,231 396,078 - 4 1999 1,503,750 1,503,750 - - 261,674 71,608 333,282 2 2000 1,242,078 1,242,078 - - 225,283 54,203 279,486 2 2001 1,016,797 1,016,797 - - 181,112 39,505 220,617 - -1 2002 835,684 835,684 138,670 27,999 166,669 1 /a Includes only debt committed January 1, 1900 - December 31, 1981. Debt repayable in foreign currency and goods. /b This column shows the amount of arithmetic imbalance in the amount outstanding including undisbursed from one year to the next. The most common causes of imbalances are changes in exchange rates and transfer of debts from one category to another in the table. Source: World Bank. - 89 - Table 5.1: ONSOLIDATSD PUBLIC SECTOR EXPENDITitRES (NATIONAL ACtDDUTS CONCEPT) /' (Mllions of baht) - 1170o 1171 FY72 1z73 1174 FY75 PY76 1177 FY78 1Y79 1180 1181 1182 Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Prelim. Es timte Current Expenditures 17,590 19,629 21,972 24,784 29,]22 35,956 4i,110 48,577 61,064 75ZL 94,151 112,082 130.826 DBfense, Adin., etc. 8836 10 041 10 444 12 513 13 739 16 293 18,709 22,807 30 897 37,381 46 801 52 571 60,661 General adin. lb 1 755 S ZO Z07 2 4 Z56 ',505 3 4 453 59016 7 56 7j435 8R9I1 Defense & police 5,540 6,369 6,930 7,340 8,840 10,102 1;,480 15,312 20,774 27 1;8 30,031 34,317 39,097 Pensions 571 580 747 764 908 1,143 1,155 1,421 1,333 1,735 1,726 2,198 3,150 Miscellaneous 980 964 677 2,362 1,527 2,092 1,565 2,618 4,785 3,518 7,476 8,621 9,433 Economic Services 1,968 2,063 2,031 2,275 2,770 3,332 4,059 4,813 5,103 5,737 6 494 8,802 10 382 Agriculture /c 1,046 13 1,103 1,399 1,671 ,008 2,229 2,667 3,11b6 4,938 364,S of which: Irriation (398) (402) (392) (409) (538) (572) (702) (739) (807) (1,0'0) (1,264) (1,540) (1,845) industry and mining 74 76 85 92 129 182 193 213 214 259 356 493 624 Power 9 17 9 13 18 22 31 82 70 67 90 141 162 7rans. I Conunications 727 781 799 920 1,052 1,262 1.,569 1,390 1,584 1,852 1,889 2,839 3,087 of which: Highways (609) (667) (684) (817) (905) (1,078) (1.,112) (1,168) (1,348) (1,568) (1,476) (1,976) (2,450C Other economic services 146 143 135 147 172 195 258 899 568 413 504 696 685 Social Services 2,481 2,554 3,573 3,254 4,184 5,318 S,955 7,321 8,265 10,368 12,801 25,550 30,458 Education 1,332 1,268 2,202 1,896 2,481 3,074 1,716 4,177 4,827 6,1119 7,927 20,227 24,010 Health 638 720 735 825 1,065 1,227 L,657 2,213 2,374 3,025 3,417 3,517 4,208 Otber social services 511 566 636 533 638 1,017 582 931 1,064 1,1i4 1,417 1,806 2,240 Local Government /d 2,606 2,822 3,150 3,531 4,712 7,195 1,160 8,586 10,155 17,746 15,887 8,435 9,058 7A Truet Fund /d 7e 92 72 67 54 41 28 10 4 1 - - - - bon-US external greets /d tf 235 287 287 305 332 372 385 369 659 9!16 1,552 2,892 3,041 Interest payments 1 372 1790 2420 2 852 3 344 3501 S,832 4677 5984 7 904 10 617 13 832 17 226 Internal debt 1~.M 1 t9 1 .WI 593 Ti7i 2Lt35 596 3Ti FV5 T8W 34 055 1t 68 External debt 179 200 237 256 272 284 321 85C 848 1,4D8 2,277 3,277 4,546 !ji::al Expenditures 9 525 11 122 11 783 11,546 11,699 14,599 21,027 27 033 35 791 36 600 60,395 63 009 73 153 1grLculture/ 1 6 i5 1 925 1 44 1,221 1,125 1,379 2,765 325 4,614 7 5,1 420 7~ iI6 of which; Irrigation (1,368) (1,656) (1,201) (989) (883) (1,128) (2,233) (2,7332) (3,281) (3,9S9) (5,465) (5,335) (6,094) tndSustry and mining 127 86 101 136 200 239 293 647 471 3S6 628 871 1,358 ;ower 1,283 1,476 1,955 2,390 1,991 2,525 3,284 3,661 6,115 4,826 15,440 20,067 20,910 Irans. A Cmmunications 3,561 3,566 3,620 3,236 3,442 4,067 5,546 8,417 10,848 12,552 18,997 17,672 38,863 of which: Highways (2,273) (2,439) (2,845) (2,336) (2,092) (2,551) (3,653) (5,05i) (5,025) (5,617) (9,473) (10,363) (10,998) ltducation 697 1,259 735 974 1,043 671 1,678 2,505 3,042 3,192 3,635 5,559 6,353 leLlth 95 170 224 163 165 160 272 464 792 826 .993 1,171 1,517 11ater supply & sewerage 283 430 504 555 353 160 497 1,266: 2,105 1,699 1,943 1,915 2,960 hlisoellaneous 890 956 1,461 1,200 1,407 1,629 1,503 2,45;' 2,745 2,824 3,589 3,276 6,016 of which: Land settlement (25) (21) (19) (25) (33) (33) (60) (85) (133) (162) (159) (165) (183) Adain. bldgs. etc. (865) (935) (1,442) (1,175) (1,374) (1,596) (1,443) (2,3741) (2,612) (2,662) (3,430) (3,111) (3,833) Ldcal Goverm-ent /d 670 1,020 1,558 1,493 1,765 3,536 4,959 3,445 4,708 4,242 7,404 3,869 5,236 onr-US external granits /d /g 263 234 185 178 208 233 230 21 1 351 373 346 744 782 Transfers 433 313 486 430 -1 608 201 1,20l) 1,660 600 -845 502 -1,482 central Gov-t transfers to state enterprises to finance operating deficits 433 313 486 430 -1 608 201 1,201 1,545 600 -845 502 -1,482 Otber - - - - - - - - 115 - - - - Adjustaents for doubl( * oanting etc. -13 -16 -8 -15 - - - - - - - - Total Expenditures 27,535 31,048 34,233 36,745 40,820 51,163 o3,338 76,811 98,51.5 112,332 153,701 175,593 2029.7 /a - Consolidated expenditures of the Central and Local Goveroments plus gross fixed capital expenditure: of state enterprises, including those financed out of external loans and grants. Figures are for disbursements during Thai fiscal years running froa October I to Septe ber 30. Expenditures financed out of external loans and US grants are entered under the functional line beAidings. Local Govermeent expenctitures and ependitures financed out of non-US external grants are entered as separate ites because no functional bre,ikdown is available. /b Including Justice. 7r Including Forestry, Fishir;g, and Hunting. 7d Functional breakdown not av ilable. 7s Ezxpenditure financed out of the technical assistance counterpart fund account. 7f Expenditure on services of experts and technicians, fellowships, foreign voluntary se vices, and other costs of a cumrent nature. Al Expenditure on equipment imported into Thailand. Note: Details do not add to total due to rounding. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 5.2: FINANCING OF CONSOLIDATED PUBLIC SECrOR EXPENDITURES /a (MilUonus of baht) FY70 FY71 FY72 FY73 FY74 FY75 FY76 FY77 FY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83 Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Estimate Total Expenditures 27,5 31,0 34,233 36,745 40,820 51,163 63,338 76,816 98,515 112,332 153,701 175,663 201,553 217,379 Revenues Central Govermuent 19 744 20 263 22 036 26 192 38 688 39 034 43 004 52 349 63 120 76 338 93 933 113 9 53 116 3(9 141 000 Tax revenue 17 T2J 18 ,87 2 22 721 iW 7 375I74 4T 4 85 72 1 99 566 103 W19 4 125 163 Nontax revenue 1,753 1,824 2,272 2,625 2,685 3,838 4,349 4,428 4,580 5,12B 6,263 10,682 10,506 11,737 Foreign grants 1,022 1,165 892 845 763 787 781 635 1,098 1,427 1,949 3,705 2,6W9 4,100 Local goverment revenue 1,159 1,338 1,191 1,278 2,257 2,936 3,172 3,806 4,549 5,035 5,475 6,697 7,501 8,145 Extra budgetary receipts 773 1,559 654 1,225 991 1,033 753 -162 1,073 -1,108 -1,351 1,962 11 -1,000 State enterprise self- financing /b 1,994 1,850 2,028 1,972 2,141 2,172 1,190 4,643 5,306 5,645 6,418 8,644 17,073 12,402 Total Revenues 23,670 25,010 25,909 30,666 44,077 45,176 48,119 60,636 74,048 85,910 104,475 131,256 140,894 160 547 Cash Deficit -3,865 -6,038 -8,324 -6,079 +3,257 Z5,987 -15,219 -16,180 -24,467 -26,422 -49 ,226 -44,407 -60,659 -56,832 Financing by: External Borrowing (Net) -11 188 514 987 1,045 1,371 3,475 3,457 9,501 12,839 24,802 23,884 18,777 19 ,641 Drawings 623 657 975 1,494 1,574 2,042 4,196 4,713 11,300 14,916 27,650 28,502 31,428 27,157 o Repayments services -634 -469 -461 -507 -529 -671 -721 -1,256 -1,799 -2,057 -2,848 -4,618 -12,651 -7,561 Domestic Financing (Net) Borrowing fr1 m public 81 8 138 668 108 32 991 1,783 1,859 1,680 878 2,231 8,00 5,967 Borrowing from Banking System 591 2 886 6 638 4 793 2 224 3 267 5 203 4 747 7 159 2 320 10 127 4 443 17 074 20 540 Govermient saviugs bavlt E T if i - 1 60 3 999 i T73 7i40 Comrcial banks 156 2,120 5,184 2,582 295 2,810 3,980 2,386 5,261 720 6,128 2,691 12,732 13,140 Monetary Authorities and Currency Issue 3 204 2 956 1 034 -369 -6 634 957 5 550 6 193 5 948 9 563 13 419 13 84/ 16 803 10 684 Bank of Thailand 34 21 1,3528t vwi i 6 8 T 37 Exchange Equalization Fund 15 191 244 -370 -119 137 128 259 331 - -265 810 106 300 Counterpart Fund -120 51 -94 -17 27 28 3 12 9 6 - 13 13 15 Coin issue 55 138 17 121 149 100 53 92 116 135 162 211 109 100 Net use of cash balances 170 1,101 641 -1,598 -5,366 431 762 -1,547 -1,225 -244 6,611 -1,614 -124 100 Other -321 -692 52 -30 -487 -378 +139 -310 -369 198 905 -240 -603 -402 /a Figures are for receipts and disbursement during Thai fiscal years (October 1 to September 30). 7i Includes external loan repayment. Source: Bank of Thailand. - 91 Table 5.3: ORRISM GO09Ztur EXHDLT-E /a (mlliotn of bsht) no70 Y71 ml Y FM3 FM7 FmYs !76 Fn77 nT78 FY79 mo FY81 FY82 Actual Actul Actul Actul Actul Actual ALtual Actual Actual Actual Actual Prells. Estiate Tot:al Expeeditur" 24.791 28,449 30.325 32,177 35,658 44,453 55,028 64,5a 80.362 !a32 123,67 141,192 165,708 - U:l rint Rpeuitures 14 984 16,807 18,822 21,252 24B410 2t,761 32,951 39,991 50,909 62,386 78,264 103,647 121,768 lefenas, Adin., atc. 8 836 10 041 10 4i4 12 5t2 13 739 16 210 16 709 22 802 30,897 37 381 46 801 52,871 60 661 ]>iZfftE & liOZ 5 6,36 6,93 7,3I0 8,S40 10,102 !i,U0 1531r i 20776 27,12 30T 01 3,17T W i7 Defensae A6OC police2,09 2,047 t ~ - * i~!i5i 25 i~ ti ~ General adan. /b 1,755 2,128 2,090 2,OV 2,464 2,955 3,509 3,45ti 4,005 5,000 7.568 7,435 8,981 Penaons 571 580 747 764 908 1,060 1,155 1,420 1,333 1,735 1,726 2,198 3,150 miscellaneous 980 964 677 2.361 1,527 2,093 1,565 2,61E 4,785 3,513 7,476 8,621- 9,433 lconomic Services 1 966 2 064 2030 2 276 2 770 3 332 4 059 4 813i 5 103 5 716 6 493 8 802 10 382 A4riculture /e TZI3 TT iw 1U T TiM TI7i 2 1 1T6 1T T ' 5 ,24 of wbich: Irrigetion (398) (402) (392) (409) (538) (572) (702) (735) (807) (1,049) (1,764) (1,540) (1,845) Industry and mining 74 76 85 92 129 182 193 2113 214 259 396 493 624 Powr 9 17 9 13 18 22 31 8; 70 66 90 141 162 trrans. & Comanications 727 781 798 920 1,052 1,262 1.569 1,390 1,584 1,852 1,889 2,534 3,087 of which: hthways (609) (667) (684) (817) (905) (1,078) (1,112) (1,16tl) (1,348) (1,568) (1,47b) (1,976) (2,450) Other econoeic sericee 146 144 135 147 172 195 258 891 568 423 524 696 685 llocial Services 2 481 2 553 3 574 3 254 4,184 5 318 5 956 7 32- 8 265 10 388 12 801 25 550 30 458 Education I !j! iw Nd Tw 2,U41 7S 9it x 7r 4T 8 V8 ZM 2027 2401 Health 638 720 736 825 1,065 1,227 1,657 2,213 2,374 3,025 3,417 3,517 4,206 Other soclal services 511 565 636 533 638 1,017 583 9331 1,064 1,174 1,457 1,806 2,240 TA Trust Fund (Counterpart Fund Account) 92 72 67 53 41 28 10 8 1 - - - - Ixzpaeditures fiieancd by eon-US external grants /c 235 237 287 305 332 372 385 36'? 659 9S7 1,552 2,B92 3,041 Inter"et pyments If 1 372 1 790 2 419 2 852 3,344 3 501 3,832 4 677 5 984 7 904 10 617 13 832 17 226 Internal debt 1,193 TW5W Ti! ;53SZ T572 iU 13E! TsTr 111 ;i; 8 30 05 Externl debt 179 200 237 256 272 284 321 85; 848 1,4(8 2,277 3,277 4,546 Capite 8eitures 6211 7372 7254 6 310 6164 6,593 10,203 14 18'1 15,936 17,3_# 24,579 28253 34183 4rieUlture / e 1:838 1:421,0 1103 2 513437 -4 -4i S i -6 `5 ` 6 of whicht Irrigation (1,368) (1,656) (1,201) (989) (883) (1,128) 12,037) (2,585) (3,281) (3,9d9) (5,365) (5,335) (6,094) Industry and mining 24 15 16 18 22 28 52 130 119 98 107 138 177 Pogr 125 83 57 55 8 7 205 1) 17 4,3 201 392 896 &rn. & Commnication 2,444 2,606 2,987 2,464 2,224 2,750 3,856 5,336 5,208 5,511 9,358 10,165 10,896 of which: ighways (2,274) (2,439) (2,845) (2,336) (2,092) (2,551) :3.653) (5,057) (4,942) (5,0613) (8,630) (9 .505) (9,993) Education 697 1,259 735 974 1,043 671 1,677 2,505 3,042 3,152 3,635 5,559 6,353 8ealth 95 170 224 163 165 160 273 464 792 8;!6 993 1,171 1,517 Water supply S sewerate 207 302 277 197 175 160 184 376 449 3:7 522 332 361 miscellaneou. 733 815 1,347 1,060 1,216 1,237 1,194 1,392 1,540 1,81!4 2,459 2,192 4,516 of hicb: Lad sttoment (25) (21) (19) (25) (33) (33) (60) (83) (133) (16.2) (159) (165) (183) Amin. bldg. etc. (708) (794) (1,323) (1,035) (1,183) (1,204) i:1,132) (1,309) (1,407) (1,662) (2,480) (2,027) (4,333) Expenditures financed by non- aS external grants /d 263 234 185 178 208 233 230 212 351 3, 3 346 744 782 Teanfers 3 609 4 286 4 257 4 630 5 084 9 099 LI 874 10 346 13 517 13 816 20 832 9.292 9 757 -FF-Low Govermoent 2flT U2- 1:3W 1W ,F VE 8 1,285 853 1 7 T!3 18,492 6,115 To state enterprise 1,127 1,079 938 903 432 1,019 589 1,Sll Z,720 1,5104 2,340 3,177 2,675 Other - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ Adhjustnts for double counting etc. -13 -16 -8 -15 - - - - - - - - /.ThiL table presents the accounts of the Central Gaoveant iLu-sivs of sapendi ture fiLnanced out of external loans and grants. penditwure finan- cad out of external loans and US grants are Included imer the reapective hbadin. the bre&dove of expenditures financed out of nou-US grants is not available. Figures are for disburse nts made durizg Thai fiscal years ending Septoaber 30. /t1 Including Justice. T,. Expenditu on hiring saervicA of exprts and thniLcian, fellowships, foreign voluntary services, and other costs Df current nature. 7l Epnditure n equipment mlported into Thailand. W; Includes Forestry, Pishing and Zunting. 71! Figures do not include principal repaymnts of the following Ount: FI70 FY71 nY72 FY73 mY74 mrs FT76 FY77 m8 m7 FY80 rdincipaL lepayment Internl Debt 40 516 860 701 1,665 2,384 2,990 1,123 3,159 2,142 498 External Debt 266 le8 172 180 232 281 276 276 778 1,009 1,370 Source: Banh of Thailand. Table 5.4: CENTRAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE /a (Millions of baht) FY70 FY71 FY72 FY73 FY74 FY75 PY76 FY77 FY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83 Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Estimate TOTAL REVENUE 18,722 19,098 21,144 25,346 37,925 38,248 42,223 51,714 62,022 74,911 91,984 110,248 113,700 136,900 Tax Revenue 16,969 17,274 18,872 22,721 35,240 34,410 37,874 47,286 57,442 69,783 85,721 99,566 103,194 120,363 Taexs on income 2 169 2 363 2 550 3 168 4 729 6 102 6 806 8 163 11 440 13 736 16 847 21 581 24 435 29 750 Personal t:7S T t: t7'0r5 2:*3 !7 365 5:048 6 -tS 79S Tr~ T' Corporate 897 956 994 1,468 2,684 3,509 3,769 4,558 6,392 7,633 9,657 13,097 13,005 15,950 Taxes on consumption 6,357 7,217 7,839 9,570 13,593 14,761 16,938 20,776 24,022 29,448 37 083 44,125 49,220 54,460 Business taxes 3,577 3,927 4,307 5,097 7,288 7,770 8,895 10,973 13,106 14,809 21,102 22,059 24,200 Excise taxes 2,686 3,192 3,413 4,341 6,162 6,810 7,776 9,490 10,548 14,267 19,197 22,624 26,779 29,910 Beverages (647) (716) (874) (1,455) (1,767) (2,262) (2,712) (3,188) (3,828) (4,778) (5,361) (6,457) (7,374) (8,675) Petroleum products (1,066) (1,399) (1,382) (1,625) (2,496) (2,258) (2,204) (3,080) (3,378) (5,669) (9,133) (9,790) (11,293) (11,400) Tobacco and snuff (896) (1,003) (1,082) (1,180) (1,813) (2,200) (2,761) (3,098) (3,208) (3,681) (4,564) (6,222) (7,577) (9,170) Other (77) (74) (75) (81) (36) (90) (99) (124) (134) (139) (139) (155) (535) (665) Entertainment tax 94 98 119 132 143 181 267 313 368 372 407 399 382 350 Profits of fiscal monopolies 672 748 864 993 1,020 1,370 1,728 2,163 2,088 2,106 2,532 2,747 505 2,636 Tobacco monopoly 500 579 650 771 795 735 931 1,417 1,292 1,260 1,280 1,370 290 1,120 State lottery 170 168 211 220 222 628 788 744 783 846 1,252 1,377 1,215 1,516 Other 2 1 3 2 3 7 9 2 13 - - - - Taxes on international trade 6,440 5,616 6,026 7,187 12,9.36 10,375 10,342 13,482 15,929 19,242 22,412 24,963 21,544 26,920 Import duties 5,393 5,185 5,617 6,366 8,563 8,270 9,052 11,802 14,154 16,488 18,949 21,836 19,774 24,820 Petroleum products 544 275 286 280 529 374 425 509 734 1,124 2,565 2,186 1,239 n.a. Foodstuffs 380 399 352 390 358 394 531 656 669 644 787 972 1,012 n.a. Machinery, equip. & vehicles 1,614 1,618 1,830 2,356 3,390 3,488 3,486 4,911 6,159 6,318 6,144 7,752 6,814 n.a. of which: Passenger cars (326) (204) (221) (279) (441) (259) (190) (315) (232) (83) (45) (34) (-) (n.a.) a Textiles, yarn, thread 634 454 394 381 506 443 600 656 841 854 1,085 1,161 988 n.a. Other 2,221 2,439 2,755 2,959 3,780 3,571 4,010 5,070 5,751 7,548 8,368 9,765 9,721 n.a. Export taxes 1,047 431 409 821 4,373 2,105 1,290 1,680 1,775 2,754 3,463 3,127 1,770 2,100 Rice premium 654 262 163 276 2,752 795 42 - - - - - - - Rice duty 135 117 192 151 583 514 415 576 524 608 907 1,241 1,093 1,085 Rubber 195 22 15 320 817 325 675 1,033 1,177 2,072 2,501 1,837 645 965 Other 63 30 39 74 221 471 158 71 74 74 55 49 32 50 Other taxes 1,331 1,330 1,593 1,803 2,962 1,802 2,060 2,702 3,963 5i251 6,847 6,150 6,490 6,597 Taxes on properties & property transfers 564 557 744 890 582 617 680 905 1,230 1,504 1,676 1,882 2,069 2,320 Automobile registration /b (239) (262) (416) (468) (6) (-) (-! (-) S-) (-) S-) S-) S-) (-) Transfer to Immovable properties (201) (172) (188) (271) (407) (433) (470) (638) (839) (1,041) (1,171) (1,324) (1,431) (610) Stamp duty (124) (122) (140) (151) (169) (184) (210) (267) (391) (463) (505) (558) (638) (710) Other _ (1) (- (-H- - - - - - - - - - Royalties 398 411 433 445 798 740 833 1,397 2,297 3,180 4,225 3,484 3,182 2,860 Other 369 362 416 468 1,582 445 547 400 436 567 946 784 1,239 1,417 Nontax Revenue 1753 824 2,272 2625 2,685 3,838 4,349 4,428 4580 5,128 6,263 10,682 10,506 16,537 Contribution of Bank of Thailand 300 450 435 450 523 997 1,230 900 722 1,000 1,200 1,750 1,750 1,800 Contribution of State Enterprises/c 313 338 387 442 439 839 868 698 637 758 1,064 1,722 1,640 1,960 Other nontax revenue 1,140 1,036 1,450 1,733 1,723 2,002 2,251 2,830 3,221 3,370 3,999 7,210 7,116 12,777 of which: Extraordinary revenue (12) (9) (5) (3) (5) (19) (-519) (4) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) /a Collections during the fiscal years ending September 30. /b Prior to FY74 these taxes were collected by the Central Government, with part of-the proceda earmarked for transfer to local governments. In FY74 these taxes became a Local Government tax. /c Excludes the nesative net contribution of public utilities. (Government expenditures on social services hive been increased correspondingly.) Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 5.5: FINANCING OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES /a (Millions of baht) FY70 FY71 FY72 FY73 FY74 FY75 FY76 FY77 FY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83 Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Estimate TOTAL EXPENDITURES 24,791 28,499 30,325 32,177 35,658 44,453 55,028 64,526 80,362 93,620 123,675 141,208 167,617 183,365 Total Revenues 20,561 21,834 22,544 27,366 39,624 39,975 44,235 52 187 64,193 75,230 92 582 115,915 116,320 140 000 Tax revenue 16,969 17,274 18,872 22,721 35,240 34,410 37874 47,286 57,442 69,783 99,566 103,194 125,163 Nontax revenue 1,753 1,824 2,272 2,625 2,685 3,838 4,349 4,428 4,580 5,128 6,263 10,682 10,506 11,737 Extra budgetary receipts 817 1,571 508 1,175 936 940 1,231 -162 1,073 -1,108 -1,351 1,962 11 -1,000 Foreign grants 1,022 1,165 892 845 763 787 781 635 1,098 1,427 1,949 3,705 2,609 4,100 Cash Deficit -4,230 -6,615 -7.781 -4,811 +3,966 -4,478 -10,793 -12,339 -16,169 -18,390 -31,093 -25,293 -51,297 -43,365 Financed by: External borrowing Drawings 300 272 195 433 311 161 594 1,074 4,871 6,270 9,285 7,574 12,827 11,500 Repayment -266 -181 -172 -193 -201 -214 -239 -234 -939 -960 -1,381 -1,952 -2,526 -3 871 Net external borrowings 34 91 23 240 110 - 355 840 392 5,310 7,904 5.622 0 Domestic financing (net): Borrowing from public 80 -10 138 365 69 385 972 1 068 1 047 1,464 730 1,251 6,695 5 150 Borrowing from banking system 51 2886 6,638 4,545 2.002 2 4,055 3,928 21 2,251 9 4,331 1 Governuent savings bank 43. 766 i,454 2,v,;:72^4' 1,223 2,25 1 80 1,600 1 ;_: 7 52 3 0 Government savings banK 3 o . 446 I, ,27 189 QO 12270 Commercial banks 156 2,120 5,184 2,472 73 2,365 2,832 1,671 2,983 651 5,946 2,579 12,553 12,100 Monetary authorities & currency issues 3,525 3,648 982 -339 -6,147 1,335 5,411 6,503 6,317 9,365 12,814 14,089 17,406 11,086 flo..Ir of 1'helnnd 3 405 2,167 174 1.525 -838 639 4,465 7,687 7,086 9,468 6,006 14,669 17,302 10,571 Exchange equalization fund 15 191 244 -370 -119 137 128 259 331 - -265 810 106 300 Counterpart fund -120 51 -94 -17 27 28 3 12 9 6 - 13 13 15 Coin issue 55 138 17 121 149 100 53 92 116 135 162 211 109 100 Net use of cash balances 170 1,101 641 -1,598 -5,366 431 762 -1,547 -1,225 -244 6,611 -1,614 -124 100 Total D-estie Financing (net) 4-196 6-524 7.758 4.571 -4.076 4,531 10,438 11,499 12,237 13,080 23,189 19,671 40,996 35,736 Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 5.6: LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS /a (Millions of baht) FY70 FY71 FY72 FY73 FY74 FY75 FY76 FY77 FY78 FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 FY83 Actual Actual Actual Artual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Prelim. Ent. Taxes and other revenue 1,159 1,338 1,190 1,278 2,857 2,936 3,172 3,806 4,549 5,035 5,475 6,697 7,501 8,145 Current expenditure 2,606 2,822 3,150 3,531 4,712 7,195 9,160 8,586 10,155 12,746 15,887 8,304 8,758 9,223 Current surplus -1,447 -1,484 -1,960 -2,253 -2,455 -4,259 -5,988 -4,780 -5,606 -7,711 -10,412 -1,607 -1,257 -1,078 Capital expenditure 670 1,020 1,558 1,493 1,765 3,536 4,959 3,445 4,708 4,242 7,404 4,539 5,000 5,100 Deficit -2,117 -2,504 -3,518 -3,746 -4,220 -7,795 -10,947 -8,225 -10,314 -11,953 -17,816 -6,146 -6,257 -6,178 Financed by: Transfer from Central Government 2,438 3,196 3,486 3,908 4,651 8,081 11,285 8,535 10,797 12,392 18,492 6,386 6,860 6,580 Grants and loans /b (2,212) (2,922) (3,319) (3,729) (4,651) (8,081) (11,285) (8,535) (10,797) (12,392) (18,492) (6,386) (6,860) (6,580) > Automobile registra- tion fee /c (226) (274) (167) (179) - - - - - - - - - - Loans and reserve funds /d 122 91 217 33 140 112 156 192 419 131 298 389 273 276 Cash balances -443 -783 -185 -195 -571 -398 -494 -502 -902 -570 -974 -629 -876 -678 /a Thai fiscal years ending September 30. /b Grants and loans for financing fixed cppital expenditure prior to FY74. /c Automobile registration fees were collected by the Central Government and part of the proceeds were earmarked for transfer to Local Governments. In FY74 the entire fees were transferred to Local Governments. /d Reserve funds held at Ministry of Interior against which Local Governments may borrow to finance approved projects. Sources: Department of Local Administration (Ministry of Interior) and Bank of Thailand. -95- Table 5.7: STATE Z2TtR lSU GRSS mD CAPITAL E XDITUR8S AND THEIR FlntiCING (Nlillion of baht) mo70 FY71 FY72 1973 FY74 m175 1Y76 FY77 P178 F79 nso FY1 FYS2 Actual Actal Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual Actual 4c tual Actual Proal.. Ztiu. Plwer 1,158 1,393 1.939 2.394 2.014 2,582 3.275 3.802 6.,01 242 15,783 19,680 20,088 Electricity Cnnaru tinv Authority,/a 652 959 1,417 1,971 1,293 1,S51 2,043 2,490 5,162 3,022 8,007 11,462 11,581 Metropolitan Electricity Authority 278 260 323 206 358 56t 460 351 549 756 1,006 987 1,157 Provincial Blactricity Authority 159 113 158 158 333 40( 719 902 1,051 1,320 1,527 2,452 3,869 Petroleu Authority of Thailand /a 69 61 41 59 30 .64 53 59 39 144 4,343 4,779 3,481 nTr,aaport and Comunicatione 1.116 960 547 710 1.208 1,30!! 1.688 7,081 5,730 2,041 9,724 7.507 8.224 Airport Authority of Thailand /a 148 146 1,254 Tlai Airways International Co. I,td. - - - - - 1 423 ,400 3,318 3,664 5,601 3,261 408 Thai Airways Co., Ltd. 83 35 73 1 3 Al 3 164 56 73 403 261 326 StAte lailWzyS of Thailand 276 251 129 202 471 4111 225 182 111 804 405 769 1.055 Espresevay.snd4lepid Tranait Auttority - - - - - 18 28 173 535 843 B58 1.252 Ba,ngkok Naas Transit Authority - - - 402 752 3 10 2 19 Pc,rt Authority of Thalland 125 53 79 178 155 263 139 105 61 126 425 297 243 T4lephone Organization of Thailankd 306 479 200 231 493 544i 800 722 1,162 1,421 1,094 813 2,224 Ccmunication Authority of Thailand /a 214 80 - - - - 31 72 340 635 1,019 1,315 Other 112 62 66 98 86 74 80 47 35 75 160 81 126 6anufa,t'uri 103 71 85 118 181 213 241 517 352 289 521 733 1 186 -{ThbaMao Monopoly -r9 Ts wV5 -i *8i 19 X 89; 1 362 1 !55 T 7 213! -i Tli Plywood Co., td. 8 7 9 19 6 7 12 18 24 51 193 105 52 51:ning Organination - - - - - 8 8 8 4 4 6 6 Olishor, Minins Organization /a - - - - - - - - 58 72 75 215 59 lisduatrial Estate Autbority oTh1ailand - - - - I 1 27 26 9 53 113 112 354 Othar 46 36 46 44 85 105 123 103 98 84 79 102 502 AsiLculture 33 37 15 21 20 33 36 44 196 5i8 462 305 468 Vzeat Industry Organization 1 - 7 Tii 1i 7 - 1i T- 11 T3T 1 Cold 8torage and Ice Factory - - - - - 10 5 7 13 223 225 39 2 Rabber Etate Organization - - - - - - 4 4 8 39 61 42 42 Other /b 13 20 5 11 13 16 7 18 89 115 42 97 171 O'thers 95 135 241 377 262 244 821 1 954 2 861 2 379 2 552 2 667 4 539 Ratocal Houaing Authority - - - - -a -II 281 .. tf11 .L 899 i 1t33 Metropolitan Watar Works Authority - 128 227 358 179 120 312 889 1,657 1,169 1,161 1,228 2,297 Provincial Vaterworke Authority Ia - - - - - - 195 - - 212 262 356 742 Otbtr 95 7 14 19 19 31 33 49 92 143 230 382 167 Total 2.S05 2.596 2.827 3.620 3.685 4.3 7 6.061 9,398 15,940 15.479 29.042 30,892 34.505 Financed by: Nu raaourcea 1,643 1,429 1,052 955 1,467 1,1t,3 1,419 3,410 4,461 4,547 4,951 5,830 7,767 Goverment grants and loans /c 539 746 449 473 430 408 1,799 709 1,968 1,364 4,198 3,133 6,089 Dometic borrowing /d - 18 273 5352. 262 4t3 1,168 1,741 3,089 922 1,528 934 2,389 GovaroMnt avinga banka - - 8 139 - 1I - 104 8 - - Comarcial bank - - 30 110 223 445 1,148 1,423 2,269 69 182 191 1,610 Other - i8 235 330 39 7 20 214 812 853 1,346 743 779 Msarnal grants nd .laon 323 385 780 1,061 1.264 1,8110 507 3,538 6,429 8,646 18,365 20,993 18,260 2a tanhaa Elactricity Authority, Northeaat Blectricity Authority wara margad into the Electricity Authority of Thailand (EG&1) on May I, 1969. Oil Fuel Organization and NAtural Gsas Organization sergad to Petrolau Authority of Thailand on De,:amber 20, 197il. Poat and Telegraph had changad its nOM to be Comunication Authority of ThSiland on Fabruary 25, 1977. Provincial Watarvork Authority was etabliabid on Dacaber 24, 1979; Offshore Mining Organzation was eatoblished on July 26, 1977. b Including axpenditures on the Cantral Oovearnant's irrigation project administered by EGAr B 195 milli , 146 zillion, 70I million, 461 million and 157 zillion in Ft 1976-80. £.! Including disbureamnt from Syndicatad loan B 1.104 zillion. 136 million, 925 zillion, 562 million and 1,571 million in F'1976-80, of which the Govar ant repaid B 195 million, 371 zillion, 793 zillion, 504 zillion and 1,131 zillion in m1976-80. /d Ionda issued by WGAT for B 50 zillion in 1Y1972, * 234 zillion in m1973, B241 million in FY1974, B 262 zillion in Y11975 and J 140 million in PY1976, and by National Iousing Authority for 3 500 zillion in n11976 and B 500 zillion in 111977 and by Talaphona Organization o( Thailand for'! 18 zillion In 111976, 3 214 zillon in Ff1977, 8 216 in 1Y1978 B 0.013 zillion in m1979 and 8 300 zillion in PY1980. Soarc:s ank of Thailand. Table 5.8: CENTRAL GOVERNMENT RECEIPTS, BUDGET FY 1977-82 (Millions of baht) /c % /c X /c % /c X /c % 1977 X 1978 x Change 1979 % Change 1980 % Change 1981 % Change 1982 % Change Income 50,372 73 62,000 77 23 72,000 78 16 88,000 81 22 114,721 86 30 140,000 87 22 Taxes and duties 43,002 63 54,352 67 27 62,959 68 16 78,878 72 25 100,326 75 27 118,566 74 18 Sales of goods & services 1,618 2 1,600 2 -1 2,382 3 49 2,230 2 6 2,833 2 27 3,244 2 15 Income from state enterprises /a 3,766 6 3,338 4 -11 3,635 4 9 4,102 4 13 5,185 4 26 6,826 4 32 Others - - - - 5,377 5 11,363 7 111 Loans 13,730 20 16,800 21 22 16,700 18 -1 17,500 16 5 16,000 12 -9 19,000 12 19 Bank of Thailand 7,730 11 8,600 11 11 7,600 8 -12 8,000 7 5 5,600 4 -30 7,200 5 29 o Government Savings Bank 1,700 3 2,400 3 41 2,500 3 4 3,200 3 28 3,200 2 0 4,200 3 31 Comercial banks, foundations, companies, private institutions 4,300 6 5,800 7 35 6,600 7 14 6,300 6 4 7,200 5 14 7,600 5 6 Treasury Reserves lb 4,590 7 2,200 3 -52 3,300 4 50 3,500 3 6 3,500 3 0 2,000 1 -43 Total 68,692 100 81,000 100 18 92,000 100 14 109,000 100 18 134,221 100 23 161,000 100 20 /a Before netting subsidies to state enterprises budgeted for B 1,020 million in FY77 and 1,093 million in FY78. /b In 1977 the amounts budgeted were B 2,590 reduction in cash balances and expenditure shortfall of B 2,000. /c Based on budget estimates. Source: Bureau of the Budget. Table 5.9: FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE BUDGET, FY79-82 (Millions of baht) FY79 FY80 FY81 FY82 Functional classification Capital Current Total Capital Current Total Capital Current Total Capital Current Total Economic services 11,903 6,021 17,924 15,773 7,051 22,824 23,748.5 8,194.8 31,943.3 23,509.1 9,347.9 32,857.0 Education 5,340 12,459 17,799 6,779 15,804 22,583 6,779.8 21,152.7 27,932.5 7,937.1 24,427.5 32,364.6 Public health 894 2,986 3,880 1,037 3,503 4,540 1,131.4 4,134.2 5,265.6 1,397.7 4,997.5 6,395.2 Social security and welfare 1,441 4,596 6,037 2,244 5,439 7,683 2,289.5 7,718.2 10,007.7 2,550.6 7,779.7 10,330.3 Defense - 19,001 19,001 - 22,350 22,350 - 27,722.6 27,722.6 - 31,617.6 31,617.6 Internal security 647 4,38i 5,025 751 5,295 6,046 oo,.7 6,631.1 7,,20.8 S79.1 7,-,2.2 °,23:.3 General administration 405 2,530 2,935 524 2,966 3,490 276.7 4,471.6 4,748.3 346.8 3,962.2 4,309.0 Debt services - 10,033 10,033 - 12,393 12,393 - 17,530.9 17,530.9 - 21,008.5 21,008.5 Miscellaneous 900 8,463 9,363 900 6,191 7,091 - 7,528.3 7,528.3 - 13,886.5 13,886.5 Total 21,530 70,470 92,000 28,008 80,992 109,000 34,915.6 105,084.4 140,000.0 36,620.4 124,379.6 161,000.0 qnnvre2a Bureau of the Budget. Table 6.1: EVALUATION OF I0DETARY SITUASlON - CALENDAR YARS /a (Millions of beht) 1970 1971 1972 197-3 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Monetary Poeition at Years' End Claims ca Central Government 21,206 26,423 35,768 40,187 39,238 41,285 51,819 61,280 73,986 85,243 113,339 132,238 171,479 Lese: Deposits of Central Government 8.183 6,767 8 764 10 627 13 584 10 490 10 290 10 041 11 850 13 576 16 329 17 980 22 301 Net Claims on Central Government 1T; 19,* 656 WSE 27,004 0. i1591 239 62t13 716 6 ~ 7 i7~I 114 28 1978 Claims on private sector 27 842 30 816 34 578 49 406 66,211 81 448 96 876 124 869 160 911 196 535 220 492 260 324 305 694 Domstic credit 4i& 3 50,:2 61,582 78,967 91,865 112,243 138 405 176,108 223,7 2 22 31 2 374 4 i5 Net foreign assets lb 15,916 15,581 19,950 21,644 29,788 28,400 27,475 20,857 9,878 14,848 34,437 37,475 34,885 onaey 19,477 21,446 24,831 29,936 33,208 34,983 40,627 44,296 52,905 61,247 69,694 70,836 76,475 Quasi-money 26 723 32 249 41 755 51 976 65,405 78 634 95 720 119 338 140 973 161 253 202 731 243 955 314 103 Monetary resources '6,17t 536 9 6658 81,912 98,613 Thi7 163W 6 193,78 2 5 X 37 Capital accounts 10,955 12,539 14,273 17,113 21,651 27,245 29,487 34,494 42,366 63,035 83,792 94,110 96,342 of which: Bank of Thailand (7,359) (8,261) (9,417) (11,088) (13,325) (17,028) (17,924) (20,989) (25,551) (43,607) (62,178) (70,316) (69,451) Counterpart funds 295 216 345 384 340 298 319 303 - - - - - Savings Bonds & Premium Bonds /c 1,231 1,308 1,406 1,551 1,530 1,515 1,539 1,585 1,683 1,765 1,748 1,832 2,221 Other (not) /d -1,871 -1,706 -1,078 -349 -481 -2,032 -1,812 -3,051 -5,002 -4,250 -6,020 1,272 615 Change During Year Net Claiss on Central Government 4,550 6,633 7,348 2,557 -3,907 5,141 10,734 9,710 10,897 9,531 25,343 17,248 34,920 Clam on private sector 4 920 2 974 3 762 14 828 16 805 15 237 15 428 27 993 36 042 35 624 23 957 39 832 45 370 Domestic credit /b 9, 7 9 I, 1 2 3 ,1 49:300 5708 80 ,29 Net foreign assets -2,660 -335 4,369 1,694 8,144 -1,388 -925 -6,618 -10,979 4,970 19,589 3,038 -2,590 Money 1,459 1,998 3,385 5,106 3,272 1,775 5,644 3,669 8,609 8,342 8,447 1,194 5,584 Quasi-money 3 837 5 526 9 506 10 220 13 428 13 230 17 086 23 618 21 635 20 280 41 478 41 224 70 148 Monetary resources 1i9. 7,12 15 32 167 2T 2 74,287T 7286 4 9,925 4 2t41T 75 ,735 Capital accounts 1,817 1,584 1,734 2,840 4,538 5,594 2,242 5,007 7,872 20,669 20,757 10,318 2,232 of which: Bank of Thailand (1,248) (901) (1,156) (1,671) (2,237) (3,703) (896) (3,065) (4,562) (18,056) (18,571) (8,138) (-865) Other (net) /b -302 163 854 914 -196 -1,609 265 -571 -1,853 752 -1.770 7,292 -656 /a The term Central Government as used here includes the deposits and liabilities of some State enterprises (primarily public utilities and quasi-government agencies) at the Bank of Thailand. Deposits and liabilities of these enterprises at commercial banks are treated as part of the private sector, as are all the deposits and liabilities (i.e., both those at the Bank of Thailand and at the commercial banks) of the other State enterprises. Because of this method of classification, the statistics given here differ somewhat from those given for Central Government and public sector borrowing In Tables 5.5 and 5.2. /b Beginning in 1971 Special Drawing Rights are included. /c These bonds are held by private individuals and Ire therefore liabilities of the Governmeunt Savings Bank to the private (nonbank) sector. /d Includes fixed assets and imovable properties of comserical banks, miscellaneous nonmonetary assets end liabilities of commercial banks, and adjustment for differences between exchange control and bank.reporting figures. Source: Bank of Thailand Tbl. 6.2 E7VALUATION OF 14088TAR6 SrrUATION - QUARTERLY /- (Millio- of baht) 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 H .. V. C Her. J.e. _op. DeE. Mr. Jo. m.r. J... S.P. 7 r. JON. S.P. _ . NN..EaEy DesiElon 81 End of 09881.1 C11880 08 8.NEE45 00.Ed nEI 54.935 53,659 64,642 61.280 65.532 63,307 76,531 73,986 76,660 74,610 87,464 85,243 94,792 91,480 105,650 113,339 121,055 117,876 125,795 132,238 149,781 148,113 163,049 171,479 Loss, D po.t1E of Ctntrd 600 rn6ne0 13 38S 13 593 20 307 10 041 13880o 13 592 21 739 118350 13 763 14 411 2S4055 13 576 17 492 16 961 19 381 16 329 18 899 19 177 22 690 17.980 26 326 26 793 28 511 22 301 881 ClObe o,I Co 3 7.l 00 r -- nt S 239 f fl ; n5 5 4 7962 1361 tm 60 1996 409 7 667 747 56 1932 107 97010 102 156 191 123,425 121 320 T CitiEs 88n 1r9..E5 ooolo 106 408 IOS 81 116 745 124,869 133 989 141,109 148 273 160,911 173,793 180,563 iN981 196,533 199,162 198,693 200,977 220,492 237 00 251,922 202132 260,324 282,226 286,936 288, 31 305,696 Do0.1 0e61 tISV3 !Wti77 11TSU Iw7~ laUI 080~ 182.108 ff5SDi 1§1S12 5223,07 76 250,290Y 15U222 276,46 273,212 1;4 =7~ 5T39,95 W35052 sio 5S15,7 ~7951J2 0051 T58,V ~27U8 *Z,t772 NEt f0r.1 at"t. /b 29,577 28,072 23,502 20.,57 23,586 20.922 13,797 9,878 20,250 18,193 14,448 14,848 37,134 43,714 43,073 34,437 33,900 31,816 28,331 37,475 24,312 31,919 32.215 34.885 8lo0. 43,775 40,983 40.612 44,296 49,597 46,161 46,833 52,905 58,566 53,541 54,824 61,247 68,2S8 61,671 62,823 69,694 74,335 67,113 64,393 70,888 76,126 69,301 69,815 46,475 Qoaluooey 101 210 107 220 113 306 119 338 123 797 130 556 133 469 140 973 140 290 131 746 15) 913 161 233 170 681 180 667 190 450 202 731 211 774 223 431 228 926 243 953 258 180 274 768 287 427 314 103 CapitEl acocoost 31,708 31,521 32.869 34,494 37,814 38.771 40,583 42.366 57,953 58,489 60,822 63 035 7 690 79,807 81,994 83,792 09.908 99736 92,247 94, 110 90.829 93 428 94,621 96.342 of nlhb Dook of Thal8-d (198,31) (19,451) (20,440) (20,689) (23,341) (23,688) (24.807) (25,551) (40,165) (39,913) (41,601) (42.843) (59.029) (39,030) (60,906) (62,1780 (67 869) (67,252) (69,385) (70,316) (66.599) (67560) (68 0415) (69 451) Cooet.rp.rC fod. 314 309 308 303 300 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Selina No.d. .d Pro orJ. 1, 552 1,558 1,572 1 585 1 626 1 651 1,672 1,683 1,723 1,736 1,76 1 765 1,749 1 739 1,754 1,742 1,742 1,733 1,740 1,832 1,939 2,019 2,119 2,221 Ot16r (0t) -3,032 -3,646 - 4,2-6 - 33051 -3,907 -5,396 -5,715 -5.002 -6 590 -6, 557 -6, 587 -4.250 -6,782 -6,958 -7,202 -6,020 -3,903 322 -3,738 1,272 2,880 679 1,495 616 a" t " or C ntrV G,oet +3,116 -1,276 +10,983 - 3.362 4,252 -2.225 13,224 -2,545 2,674 -2,050 12,854 -2,222 9,549 -3,312 14.170 7,689 7,716 -3,179 7,919 6,443 17,543 -1,868 14,936 8,430 L.M$ Depo-it. of C-1trl Co_rlantl +3.099 + 204 +61 -104 66 3859 - 288 8147 9889 1913 4 9,644 -10679 3,916 -531 2,920 -332 2570 278 13 -4710 8,39 437 1I710 -210 C18I.80r .0pEIVl .8.018 +73 +303 6,134 79 71 63841 4 6766 284 1515 130 2 310 8192 u,31 ii 3if2 1lJ7 C7. o n p + e ;4 S+69303SSS@SSsS -463g,2 >_0, N.t forig 4no . t. /b +2,102 -1,350 - 4,570 - 2,45 2,722 -2,664 -7.125 -3,919 10,372 -2,057 -3,745 400 22,286 6,580 -641 -8,636 -537 -2,084 -3,485 9,144 -132163 7,607 296 2,690 N-s01 +3,148 -2,790 - 373 3.684 5,301 -3,436 672 6,072 5,661 -5.025 1,323 6.423 7,011 -6,587 1,152 6,871 4,641 -7,222 -2,720 6,495 5,238 -6,825 514 6,680 Qo0.6.oy +3_495 41803 +6 28 5052 4439 6761I 2931 744 4317 6456 2169 7 338 9.428 998 9_783 1238211 9 043 1137 593 1029 16 234 167 129 287 Cogpill 01000.18 *3z_ - 167 +1,2 5 1,2 :30 950 !,12 1793 1595S7 536 2.333 2 213 16,655 117 2,187 1798 6116 -172 2,511 1,863 -3 281 2,399 1,000 1,914 of .1h 8.0k of Thaliad (+1 907) (- 380) (+ 989) (549) (2.352) (347) (1,119) (744) (14,614) (-2520 (1,6888 (2.006) (16 18Cj (1) 4i.8J 02 t. 26813-3?69) t4t03 f14090 t016r (0.t) -1 202 - 613 - 65 1,241 -818 -1,764 -298 724 -1,548 46 -2 2,337 -2,532 -176 -244 1,182 2,117 4,223 -4,060 5,010 1,608 -2,201 818 -879 ITo 2t tr Cntrol 08ram.nt * o .d boer lood. thb d6p-Its . d 11blitit.0 of t8 St.t. oterprE... (p.1strily pbl1 t8t11111. nd go.-N .e,0 89.01 00dt the 88Nk of 7b2il6 d. 8p0.1t1 .nt lt biliti. of tbe18 nt.rpioe at co.mefl bo o - tr-t. d _ t EE of t1o prite. o88ore, 00 r- 11 t. Ap-s0 -.d i1.b6t11tt1 (i.e., both t1.0 at th1 look of Thailnd 0d t th6 106m6r018 books) of the oth0 r 8t1t. nr 0p?10N. 8oe0s0. of t11s .1thdo of tEh.tofO, th 1tatle0 gt- bar1 dffer awbet fro th8. 1w nf8 r Co tr3.1 G rOtmv_t .* pb6l3. aetor b0.01S0 1. Table. 5.5 nd 5.2. Lb uIooionnt in 1971 Sprati a Da10 8R1g68 am 101888dd. Soon.w: lnk of Thailand. T.blo 6.3a S 0m DoAT of 6.W6R1 CAL LA5 S 1970 1971 1972 19i1 1974 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1900 1911 1932 1933 o -. o . D-. a71 D. D-. e. Oa. B.. Do-. ,Koo. Jo. SeP. Ds. ar. Jon. SP. J... 8r. To. Sep. leo. Mr. Jur. eP. Dot. . e. otal assets totl Utbtlltls 41,187 68,835 60,069 78,363 96,752 117,875 139,631 173.277 219,261 232,233 240,103 243,225 259,867 270,503 273,617 279,401 300,0L6 U3od ,8 3'0,392 333,723 353,173 373,324 381,722 391,504 422,291 648,741 Sotel Aot_te f 3.885 37,757 47.766 35.372 73.4 96.559 106.418 131.730 155,324 163,732 166,755 166.8d0 175.625 106.583 195,313 304,536 17.115 22o,197 234.505 241.751 2S9,9u2 274.510 276,924 19S,070 323,351 36,5s9. Ito dep1ts 20,931 23,771 33,283 30,741 32,063 63,893 78,94 99,272 117,770 119,782 123, 59 124,929 129.363 13435S9 141,2Ld L48,60 157,672 1653 17 17.,23. 190,525 L30,672 19d,735 209,302 2318,,3 l23,406 2.6,221 A. poonoet of total Spool. 65.6 62.3 3.7 69.8 70.9 73.8 73.9 75.7 74.3 73.2 74.1 74.7 73.7 72.1 72.3 72.7 72.6 72.4 73.4 74.7 72.. 72.4 72.7 73,0 71.6 7,2.6 IS-oeloo foo OCT 787 1.296 1.263 2.882 3.985 7.297 5,530 3.932 8,141 12.244 9.847 9,861 16.733 21.001 15,583 13.284 16,711 19,090 20.97 L,049 20.157 27.505 20.518 18,374 20,919 26,11U A. p7 eut of 0t0.l lt.btltteo 1.9 2.7 2.1 3.7 4.0 6.2 6.0 3.4 3.7 5.3 6.1 4.1 6.4 7.8 5.3 6.5 5.6 0.2 6.1 5.1 5.7 7.4 5.4 4.4 4.9 5.4 Booroto fg eboo-d 3,053 3.284 3,466 6,899 7,574 8,032 9,205 14,703 24,805 27.209 36,766 35 675 35,422 27,053 29.332 26,226 25,646 21,367 30,502 89,720 20,210 23,u19 23,Ja9 21,654 23,340 21,295 *- Psoonno of toted lloblltitoo 7.4 67 3.8 8.8 7.7 7.4 6.9 8.5 11.7 11.6 14.5 14.7 13.6 10.0 10.7 9.4 2.5 9.0 9.2 6.9 8.0 4.9 6.1 5.5 5.S 4.7 Casb od bel-. 9t ? OT 2,466 2,986 3.436 3,602 5,314 6.353 6,372 7,092 8,394 7,972 7,902 7,377 7.894 7,510 10,649 10,923 10,604 11.687 10,494 11,323 12,099 12,974 11,946 12,764 13,090 14.4d7 P. peosa of otel depostt 7.7 7.9 .2 6.3 7.2 7.6 6.0 5.4 5.6 6.9 4.7 4.4 4.5 5.1 3.5 3.3 6.9 5.1 4.0 4.7 6.7 6.7 *.0 6.3 4.2 4.2 toon ooo toooololoo 5,197 6,241 53,792 14,697 15,772 17,561 20,911 2,263 26,439 25,65S 24,476 12,759 23,a64 25,276 29,229 31.263 26,910 31,412 31,777 32,699 36,33 39, 4750 0 4,775 5s3,2 60,625 6e psrooot of -oool poelta 18.5 21.9 28.9 35.5 21.5 21.3 15.7 17.0 15.6 19.0 84.7 13.0 13.5 13.5 15.0 15.3 13.3 13.0 13.' 13.o 16.7 16.4 13.9 16.2 16.8 17.4 L4ul1d oct1 /b 7,732 11,253 17,19 17,090 18 028 21,43 28.642 32,046 36,283 35,620 39,615 37 392 39,012 40,547 51,644 50 793 466700 0 ,297 *66021 56,964 65,772 62,640 64 ,72 73, 4 8, 082 a9,731 A. sro Jtooel dspolts 26.2 29.7 37.3 30.6 24.5 26.9 36.' 24.4 22.9 3L.5 23.8 22.4 22.2 23.9 26.4 i4.8 i2.5 21.2 22 2.3 22.8 22.3 24.7 i6.2 23.1 Loo, o.nrafo Mod Jloo 29,809 31,564 35.653 31,186 55,065 91,302 1 9,143 1321768 1138,600 171,037 177,972 186,146 194,072 196,702 194.528 197.319 218,931 235,951 246,692 248,693 254,630 278,305 279 29t0833 299,760 3208932 8 A. P;oos06 of tota ospoee 67.9 8.6 76.7 87. 91.0 91,9 69.4 95.9 090,0 106.5 104.7 119.4 111.1 105.4 99.4 96.5 100.6 105.6 103.0 102.0 97.9 i9.9 97.2 91.9 92.7 92.0 Capto C too-te 3, 95 3,602 4,062 5,096 7,195 8,917 10,094 15,053 14,989 15,954 16,724 17,36 18,125 L8,346 18,402 19,985 19,352 19 792 20,252 20,62. 21,356 21,795 23,423 23,936 24,469 25,004 6. poroont of .k aset. 10.5 11.0 11.5 10.0 10.9 11.5 11.2 10.7 10.6 12.3 10.6 10.7 10.7 11.1 11.3 11.2 10.7 10.2 9.9 10.1 10.2 5.7 10.2 10.2 9.8 9.6 /- u1t..zb at d.cst. /b Coep.otse assh to he d, blo- 0 at, bD loass at 0th10 -ioerol boakt to Tbh11.d. b7.2 ... at b.tk ablood, gold od Povra.e- eeorttl otber theo thoso pl.dg.d 00 dsposltd Os rftlO 6t0 the look of Tl.ilood. S.-oa 6.7D of ThILood Table 6.4: BILLS, LOANS AND OVERDRAFTS OF Co0elERCIAL BANKS CLASSIFIED BY PUEPOSO Is (Millio.n of baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Oar. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. Dec. S Dc. Sec. Mar. Jun. SeP. Dec. Mar. Jun. Sep. Dec. Jun. Dec. Jun. Dec. Asriculture 637 743 771 990 1,305 2,824 4,121 6,341 8,657 8,613 9,332 10,183 10,775 9,828 11,091 11,651 12,5d8 13,344 16,042 17,443.3 22,139.8 Minnfg 343 427 419 468 542 608 1.116 668 1.079 1,428 1,022 1.143 1.252 1,299 1,293 1.254 1,702 1,375 1,807 1,831.6 1,895.0 ManufActuring 4,262 5,161 5,687 8,358 12,763 16,479 17,586 23,846 29,578 32,333 32,997 33,128 34,331 35,557 35,490 34,989 41,161 59,041 58,329 67,384.6 64,893.1 Contruction 1,596 1,770 2,151 2,608 3,251 3,823 4,373 6,004 8,419 8,212 8,811 9,729 10,147 10,610 10,894 11,422 11,879 12,518 13,033 14,326.8 16,073.1 Real etate business 1,717 1,620 1,848 2,412 3,278 3,384 3,653 3,842 4,397 4,855 5,402 5,492 6,003 6,516 6,171 6,424 6,756 6,722 6,973 7,623.7 8,471.3 Iports 6.058 6,007 6,258 9,138 12,305 12,477 13,368 15,585 18,319 20,962 23,384 24,055 26,426 25,349 26,265 27,933 29,693 27 570 25,110 24,532.9 23,987.8 Exports 2,794 3.152 3,323 4,887 8,012 10,182 12.529 13,119 17,854 20,802 20,292 21,1539 25,556 26,897 23,544 20,968 24,874 25,115 26,077 26,337.3 28,991.7 Wholesale 6 retall trade 6,038 7,229 8,226 12,215 13,569 16,175 20,813 28,130 38,498 42,650 44,379 45,359 44,384 45,677 44,059 45,358 49,466 53.356 58,817 67,808.0 76,530.4 Public utilittes 324 474 388 603 794 920 1,306 2,631 3,959 4,167 3,279 4.804 4,503 4,911 5,978 6,670 6,760 6,139 5,964 6,557.5 5,648.7 S Banking 6 other financial businsea 619 813 1,606 2.802 4,744 5,386 5,847 7,017 9.591 7,488 9,670 10,642 12,475 10.242 9,666 9,595 14,480 13,597 12,748 14,185.8 16,849.3 Services 1,527 1,969 2,074 2,318 3,079 3,542 4,067 5,426 6,312 6,772 7,571 6,857 6,945 7,049 6,747 7,821 8,272 10,910 12,032 14,990.5 16,008.7 Personl consumption 2,155 2,323 3,086 4,458 5,153 7,057 7,580 10,156 14,191 14,074 14,151 14,542 15,408 15,145 15,484 15,652 16,593 20,172 21,185 22,773.3 25,298.9 Others j 23 10 31 2; .2 1. 65 26 '3O 77 97 159 307 179 42 103 202 - - - Total 28,079 31.710 35,846 51,291 68.816 82,899 96,377 122,810 160,879 172,486 180,366 187,190 198,363 199,387 196,861 199,779 224,317 250,051 258,117 285,796.3 306,787.8 /a Including ont.rbank transactions. Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 7.1t ARA PLANTED, YI13D AND PRODUCTION OF MAJOR CROPS. 1959/60-1981/82 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 /60 161 /62 /63 /64 165 /66 /67 /68 /69 /70 /71 /72 /73 174 /75 176 177 /78 179 /80 /81 /82/8 Ara nanted ('000 ha) P- -- 6,065 5,922 6.179 6,587 6,597 6,540 6.554 7,433 6,658 7,228 7,584 7,494 7,527 7.349 8,363 7,982 0.896 8,575 9.031 9,998 9,435 9,618 0.8. Rubber n.S. S.&. n.S. 748 824 935 941 983 1,182 1,212 1,244 1,276 1,308 1.340 1,372 1,406 1,406 1,460 1j484 1,419 1,449 1,465 n.a. U"i" 200 286 307 328 418 552 577 653 744 762 680 829 1,019 997 1.148 1.240 1,312 1,285 1,205 1,386 1,525 1,434 1,567 Sorgbm - U.S. U.a. U.S. n.a. U.a. 31 57 66 32 35 50 55 53 89 202 196 143 170 176 189 247 280 Kenef 44 140 190 114 153 218 384 530 348 254 377 421 463 472 434 404 326 161 256 320 227 170 166 C"aava 62 72 99 123 140 105 102 130 141 171 191 224 221 336 436 480 594 692 847 1,165 846 1,160 1,270 Sqarcae 148 158 124 102 149 162 141 124 150 182 118 138 138 181 259 310 391 499 567 510 437 468 575 Tobacco (VirgIni-) 18 18 16 15 15 17 16 17 20 22 22 25 32 33 43 46 48 46 44 47 50 35 n.-. Coconut 134 165 185 212 224 224 248 247 272 286 297 315 324 338 316 321 326 327 439 n.e. n.S. n.a. n.a. Cotton 48 56 57 59 73 67 75 84 112 133 93 31 46 . 61 29 52 30 25 84 68 120 152 155 Groundnut 100 118 83 87 83 87 99 157 108 119 103 104 114 119 124 130 118 121 103 106 97 105 124 soy boan. 22 22 24 28 34 34 19 46 64 53 48 59 57 84 123 132 118 102 153 156 100 126 128 Mong been 46 52 37 50 101 101 120 136 133 200 208 239 148 205 255 207 164 223 435 422 424 447 486 C"tor bean 26 32 37 46 45 39 36 43 48 39 37 46 44 45 45 32 37 45 39 43 50 42 44 Seaso 21 21 14 18 20 18 26 30 35 29 26 30 32 29 35 26 26 28 35 35 36 39 n.&. Yield (kg/ba) /b ieddy 1,394 1,600 1,600 1,669 1,756 1,737 1,675 1,607 1,446 1,432 1.768 1,811 1,826 1.689 1,781 1,677 1,720 1,756 1,537 1,750 1,668 1.806 n.a. Rubber 0,8. n.a. n.e. 261 240 226 231 222 185 213 227 225 242 252 268 272 248 269 286 379 395 365 n.a. maize 1,585 1.902 1,948 2.027 2,053 1,694 1,769 1,718 1,636 1,747 2,500 2.338 2.527 1.319 2.038 2,016 2.182 2,082 1,393 2,012 1,875 2,094 2,200 Borsbu - n.S. n... .-. n.e. .e. 2,806 2,368 758 1.781 2,000 2.600 2.727 1,887 1,573 1,238 1,179 1,035 737 1,231 1,056 1,019 975 Kenet 1,136 1,293 1,258 1,175 1,386 1,390 1,378 1,249 1,213 1.224 989 905 905 907 1,081 950 945 1,137 956 1,056 975 1,237 1,037 Casava 17,468 16,972 17,434 16,886 15.079 14,829 14,461 14,554 14,624 15,269 16,120 15,317 14,090 11,827 13,000 13,000 13,636 14,775 13,981 14,037 13,125 14,256 n.a. Sugarcane 33,703 34,063 32.129 30,922 31,654 31,321 31,773 30,863 30,173 32,302 43,237 47,425 42,942 52,558 51,502 47,071 50,921 52,293 33,406 40,281 28,737 42,393 48,937 Tobtcco (VirgSina) 444 500 563 733 800 765 750 824 850 727 909 880 813 571 738 804 915 935 938 936 937 1,062 n.8. Coconut 6,734 6,121 5,514 4,943 4,554 4,241 3,593 3,320 2,930 2,535 2,428 2,267 2,179 2,068 2,187 2,131 2,077 4,156 4,156 3,400 2,887 3,069 n.a. Cotton 276 821 667 695 671 731 800 1,060 723 880 473 871 891 803 966 1,077 967 1,080 1,083 1,343 n.e. n.S. n.S. Croundauts 1,240 1,268 1,301 1,287 1,361 1,379 1,323 1,401 1,222 1.328 1.204 1,202 1.175 1,286 1,185 1,238 1,203 1,244 1.029 1,206 1,119 1,225 1,187 Soy beans 1,000 1,162 1,000 1,071 971 912 1,000 826 828 849 1,000 847 947 857 846 833 966 1,118 631 981 937 794 1,031 Hung bef 1,000 1,154 1,108 1,080 1,149 1.089 1,042 971 925 920 817 632 1,034 993 820 908 738 561 476 612 594 581 587 Ceetor bean. 1,214 1,344 892 957 1,178 1,000 889 977 792 1,000 804 935 932 911 867 1,000 1,054 956 962 856 712 819 812 See3. 810 905 857 889 800 722 962 667 657 759 731 667 656 724 686 1.192 654 737 662 650 593 694. n.e. Production ('000 o ton) TOO6y 8,454 9,475 9,886 10,992 11,585 11,362 10,978 11,947 9,625 10,348 13,410 13,570 13.744 12,413 14,898 13,386 15,300 15,068 13,920 17,470 15,758 17,368 n.a. Rubber n,e. n.e. n.e. 195 198 211 217 218 219 258 282 287 316 337 368 382 349 393 431 467 534 499 n.e. maize 317 544 598 665 858 935 1,021 1,122 1,217 1,331 1,700 1,938 2,300 1,315 2,339 2,500 2,863 2,675 1,677 2,790 2,863 2,998 3,448 Sorghsu - n.a. n.e. n.S. n.e. n.e. 87 135 50 57 70 130 150 100 140 250 231 148 126 215 199 237 274 Kenef 50 181 239 134 212 303 529 662 422 316 373 381 419 428 469 384 308 183 246 338 222 211 172 CaSSaVa 1,083 1,222 1,726 2,077 2,111 1,557 1,475 1,892 2,062 2,611 3.079 3,431 3,114 3,974 5,668 6,240 8,100 10,230 11,840 16,358 11,101 16.540 17,744 Sqprcne 4,988 5,382 3,984 3,154 4,733 5,074 4,480 3,827 4,526 5,879 5.102 6,586 5.926 9,513 13,339 14,592 19,910 26,094 18,941 20,560 12,826 19.854 28,126 Tobacco (Virgtinia) n.e. n.a. n.a. 11 12 13 12 14 17 16 20 22 26 24 31 37 43 44 47 37 n.e. n.e. n.S. Coconut /c 905 1,010 1,020 1,048 1,020 950 891 820 797 725 721 714 706 699 691 684 677 670 901 927 860 688 735 Cotton 37 46 38 41 49 49 60 89 81 117 44 27 41 49 28 56 29 27 91 74 143 192 176 Groundnuts 124 152 108 112 113 120 131 220 132 158 124 125 134 153 147 161 142 152 106 126 109 129 146 Soy beans 23 26 24 30 33 31 19 38 53 45 48 50 54 72 104 110 114 114 96 159 102 100 132 MUnS baan 46 60 41 54 116 110 125 132 123 186 170 151 153 204 209 118 121 125 207 259 251 261 284 Castor beans 34 43 33 44 53 39 32 42 38 39 37 43 41 41 39 32 39 43 37 37 36 35 36 Seal. 17 19 12 16 16 13 18 20 23 22 19 20 21 21 24 31 17 21 23 30 22 27. n.a. /a Prolinary. Lb On the balsi Of a*re planted. /c Production converted at 1.25 kg per mot. Rot 2 Crop year begins July 1. Source: Office Of Agricultur l Econmie. Table 7.2; PROPORTION OF PLANTED AREA IN MAJOR CROPS (in percentages) 1965/66 1966/67 1967/68 1968/69 1969/70 1970/71 1971/72 1972/73 1973/74 1974/75 1975/76 1976/77 1977/78 1978/79 1979/80 1980/81 Paddy 70.0 69.7 66.2 67.4 68.6 66.4 65.3 63.1 64.0 61.5 63.6 62.4 60.5 63.0 63.0 62.0 Rubber 10.0 9.2 11.8 11.3 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 10.5 10.8 10.1 10.6 9.9 8.9 9.7 9.4 Maize 6.1 6.1 6.7 6.3 6.2 7.4 8.8 8.6 8.8 9.6 9.4 9.4 8.1 8.7 10.2 9.3 Kenaf 4.1 5.0 3.5 2.4 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.1 3.3 3.1 2.3 1.2 1.7 2.0 1.5 1.1 Cassava 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.3 5.1 6.4 7.3 5.6 7.5 Sugarcane 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.6 3.8 3.2 2.9 3.0 Other major crops 7.2 7.6 8.9 9.3 7.8 8.0 7.4 8.2 8.1 8.9 7.5 7.7 9.6 6.9 7.1 7.7 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Source; Table 7.1. Table 7.3: PADDY AND RICE SUPPLY BY GLUTINOUS AND NONGLUTINOUS VARIETIES (Million metric tons) Apparent domestic rice Milled Stock Exports /d See-feed-loss (15% Population Rice available for utilization for food Crop Paddy production rice equivalent/b change milled rice milled products) mid-year/e food 6 industry use + industry (kilos per year/a Total Ng. GI. Total Ng. Gl. Total Total Ng. Gl. Total Ng. Gl. (millions) Total Ng. Gl. capita) Ng. + G1. 1967/68 9,625 6.80 2.80 6.25 4.05 2.20 -0.10 1.10 1.00 0.10 0.95 0.60 0.35 34.0 4.10 2.35 1.75 120 1968/69 10,430 6.85 3.55 6.80 4.45 2.35 -0.25 1.05 0.95 0.10 1.00 0.65 0.35 35.1 4.50 2.60 1.90 128 1969/70 13,410 8.60 4.85 8.70 5.60 3.10 -0.35 1.10 1.00 0.10 1.30 0.85 0.45 36.4 5.95 3.40 2.55 163 1970/71 13,570 8.40 5.15 8.80 5.45 3.35 +0.30 1.60 1.45 0.15 1.30 0.80 0.50 37.5 6.20 3.50 2.70 165 1971/72 13,744 8.90 4.85 8.95 5.80 3.15 +0.25 2.15 1.95 0.20 1.35 0.85 0.50 38.5 5.70 3.25 2.45 148 1972/73 12,413 8.35 4.05 8.05 5.40 2.65 +0.50 0.90 0.80 0.10 1.20 0.80 0.40 39.7 6.45 4.30 2.15 162 1973/74 14,898 10.10 4.80 9.70 6.55 3.15 -0.60 1.05 0.95 0.10 1.45 1.00 0.45 40.8 6.60 4.00 2.60 162 1974/75 13,386 9.00 4.40 8.70 5.85 2.85 -0.15 1.00 0.90 0.10 1.30 0.90 0.40 41.9 6.25 3.90 2.35 149 1975/76 15,300 10.10 5.20 9.95 6.55 3.40 +0.35 2.10 1.90 0.20 1.50 1.00 0.50 43.0 6.70 4.00 2.70 156 1976/77 15,070 10.30 4.80 9.80 6.70 3.10 +0.10 3.00 2.80 0.20 1.45 1.00 0.45 44.0 5.45 3.00 2.45 124 1977/78 14,010 10.10 3.90 9.10 6.55 2.55 - 1.60 1.45 0.15 1.35 1.00 0.35 45.1 6.15 4.10 2.05 136 1978/79 17,470 11.85 5.60 11.35 7.70 3.65 -0.10 2.80 2.70 0.10 1.70 1.15 0.55 46.1 6.75 3.85 2.90 146 1979/80 15,758 10.06 5.70 10.24 6.54 3.70 +0.36 2.80 2.70 0.10 1.54 0.98 0.56 47.3 6.26 3.22 3.04 132 1980/81 17,368 11.87 5.50 11.29 7.72 3.58 -0.20 3.04 2.90 0.14 1.69 1.15 0.54 48.4 6.36 3.47 2.89 131 /a Crop year begins April 1 and ends March 31. 7 Paddy converted to rice at 0.65 x paddy production. /c A minus change means a stock build-up during the CY; a plus change means a stock drawdown; nonglutinous rice only. 7d Exports are for calendar year; i.e., 1967/68 - 1968 CY exports; Glut. rice normally is less than 10% of total exports. 7e National Economic and Social Development board. Source: Agriculture Operations Center and Office of Agricultural Economics, Ministry of Agriculture. - 105 - Table 7.3a: PADDY SUPPLY AND RICE UTILIZATION Milled Pad,ly rice/a produc- (after seed Popula- Consumption Residual/Stocks Crop year tiom and waste) Exports tion a /b b /c a /b b /c 72/73 12.4r 6.86 0.85 39.7 5.78 6.35 0.23 -0.34 73/74 14.90 8.23 1.03 40.8 5.94 6.53 L.26 0.67 74/75 13.39 7.40 0.95 41.9 6.10 6.70 0.35 -0.25 75/76 15.30 8.45 1.97 43.0 6.26 6.88 0D.22 -0.40 76/77 15.07 8.33 2.95 44.0 6.41 7.04 -1.03 -1.66 77/78 14.01 7.74 1.61 45.1 6.58 7.22 -D.45 -1.09 78/79 17.47 9.65 2.80 46.1 6.73 7.38 0.12 -0.53 79/80 15.76 8.71 2.80 47.2 6.89 7.55 -0.98 -1.64 80/81 17.36 9.59 3.04 48.4 7.05 7.74 -0.50 -1.19 81/82 18.50 10.22 3.30 49.5 7.21 7.92 -0.29 -1.00 Total -1.07 -7.43 (10 years) /a Paddy converted into rice by multiplying by .65; 15% deducted (for seed and losses). /b Using the Bank of Thailand assumption of 145.9 kg per person and year. 7c Assuming 160 kg (as suggested by small scale surveys) average annual con- sumption rate. Sources: Office of Agricultural Economics and Agriculture Operations Center, MOAC. Note: Table 7.3 shows that stock changes and production data result in erratic estimates of consumption rates. This table illustrates the potential underestimation of paddy production given alternative assumptions for consumption. Table 7.4: RICE EXPORT PREIMIUM (Baht per metric ton) Mar 22, 1974 Jun 26, 1974 Oct 30, 1974 DeC 25, 1974 Jun 03, 1975 DeC 04, 1975 Jan 22, 1976 DeC 16, 1977 Oct 15, 1980 Oct 29, 1981 to to to to to to to to to to present Jun 25, 1974 Oct 29, 1974 Dec 22, 1974 Jun 02, 1975 Dec 03, 1975 Jan 21, 1976 Dec 15, 1977 Oct 14, 1980 Oct 28, 1981 (Nov 1982) white rice 100X 5,100 4,500 3,750 2,100 1,700 1,000 700 900 700 400 White rice 51 5,100 4,500 3,750 2,100 1,700 800 700 900 700 400 White rice 101 4,600 4,000 3,250 1,700 1,300 700 500 700 500 350 White rice 151 4,600 4,000 3,250 1,700 1,300 700 500 700 500 350 White rice 201 4,600 4,000 3,250 1,700 1,300 700 500 700 500 250 White rice, loVer than 201 4,100 3,500 2,750 1,300 900 500 400 700 500 250 White broken rice, Al super *pecial 3,400 2,800 2,050 900 500 500 400 600 400 250 Wbite broken rice, Al super and special 2,350 2,000 1,250 600 200 200 200 500 300 100 White broken rice, Al ordimary 2,350 2,000 1,250 600 200 200 200 500 300 100 White broken rice, Cl super, specia & ordilary 2,050 1,700 1,000 500 100 100 100 500 300 100 White broken rice, C3 2,050 1,700 1,000 500 100 100 100 500 300 100 White broken rice, othe - - - - - - - - -Ob Glutinous rice, lon grain 1O1 4,100 3,500 3,000 1,600 1,200 700 400 900 600 250 GlutinOU rice, long srain 152 - - - - - - - 900 600 250 ClutiLnus rice, sbOrt grain 10 4,100 3,500 3,000 1,600 1,200 700 400 900 600 250 Broken lutinaous rice, Al special 2,550 2,200 1,700 750 350 200 200 500 300 100 Broken glutinous rice, Cl special 2,550 2,200 1,700 750 350 200 200 500 300 100 Cargo rice, IOO1 4,100 3,500 2,750 1,300 900 700 450 700 500 250 Cargo rice, 52 4,100 3,500 2,750 1,300 900 700 450 700 500 250 Cargo rice, 10, 151 and 251 3,800 3,200 2,450 1,100 250 500 400 700 500 250 Cargo rice, lower than 201 - - - - - - - 700 500 250 Broken cargo rice of all grades 2,050 1,700 1,000 500 100 100 100 500 500 100 Parboiled rice, 1001 & 52 3,600 3,000 2,250 1,050 450 400 400 700 500 250 Parboiled rice, 105 & 152 3,400 2,800 2,050 1,050 450 200 200 700 500 250 Parboiled rice, 251 3,400 2,800 2,050 1,050 450 200 200 700 500 250 Parboiled rice, lower than 25S - - - - - - - 700 500 250 Broken parboiled rice of all gradeS 2,050 1,700 1,000 SOO 100 100 100 500 300 100 White rice flour 1,150 800 600 500 100 100 100 200 200 50 GlutinouS rice flour: Fine 1,150 800 600 500 100 100 100 200 200 50 Ordinary 1,150 800 600 500 100 100 100 200 200 50 Vermicelli made from rice 600 400 300 200 - - - 100 100 Note- Since January 22, 1976 the nrra.. n exorts of glutin"ous rLce to lsa ' been exempted. - 107 - Table 7.5: DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCER PRICES OF MAJOR COMMODITIES IN THAILAND, 1968-81 Producer prices, B/kg Sugar- So?- Mung- Year Rice cane Rubber Tobacco Cassava Maize ghum beans Kenaf Cotton 1968 0.97 O.'11 5.49 13.46 0.33 0.71 0.75 2.73 1.89 3.75 1969 0.86 0.11 6.94 15.27 0.54 0.76 0.79 1.81 1.31 3.64 1970 0.63 0.11 5.72 15.18 0.47 0.84 0.834 2.30 1.68 3.85 1971 0.80 0.11 4.74 15.09 0.52 0.70 0.75 2.24 2.24 3.87 1972 1.31 0.11 4.77 15.74 0.47 0.86 0.91 2.57 2.83 4.45 1973 1.96 0.13 6.86 21.69 0.34 1.35 1.L6 2.68 2.62 5.46 1974 2.23 0.18 7.38 21.74 0.30 2.06 1.85 1.54 2.35 6.75 1975 1.98 0.25 6.42 23.50 0.41 1,.85 1.69 3.74 2.65 6.39 1976 1.87 0.28 9.15 24.14 0.46 1,,67 1.49 4.98 2.99 6.07 1977 2.12 0.27 9.49 29.98 0.46 1,.61 1.51 6.99 2.63 7.57 1978 2.53 0.27 10.74 30.24 0.36 1.64 1.53 5.64 2.91 n.a. 1979 2.40 0.30 14.55 36.38 0.74 2.04 1.93 5.69 3.13 9.10 1980 3.75 0.43 16.12 44.79 0.78 2.40 2.28 5.52 3.85 8.83 1981 3.43 0.59 14.49 36.20 0.45 2.36 2.57 5.59 3.25 8.50 n.a. - not available Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Office of Agricultural Economics. - 108 - Table 7.6: EXPORT AND DOMESTIC PRICES OF RICE AND PADDY Wholesale Nonglutinous Rice Ratios Bangkok Wholesale FOB (1) (2) paddy Bangkok Bangkok / / (1) (2) (3) (2) (3) 1962 1,172 1,893 2,549 .62 .74 1963 1,031 1,632 2,415 .61 .70 1964 874 1,544 2,315 .57 .67 1965 912 1,536 2,287 .59 .67 1966 1,282 2,086 2,654 .61 .79 1967 2,343 2,398 3,139 .56 .76, 1968 2,349 2,001 3,534 .62 .57 1969 1,211 2,205 2,879 .55 .77 1970 1,157 1,905 2,366 .61 .81 1971 950 1,578 1,846 .60 .85 1972 1,170 1,822 2,101 .64 .87 1973 1,690 2,865 4,235 .59 .68 1974 2,426 3,773 9,500 .64 .40 1975 2,530 3,723 6,152 .68 .61 1976 2,380 3,822 4,359 .62 .88 1977 2,414 3,866 4,542 .62 .85 1978 2,605 4,250 6,488 .61 .66 1979 2,706 4,522 5,575 .60 .81 1980 3,260 5,671 6,968 .57 .81 1981 I Q 3,682 6,479 8,481 .57 .76 II Q 3,956 7,149 8,876 .55 .81 III Q 3,995 6,616 9,310 .60 .71 TV Q 3,350 5,753 7,983 .58 .72 1982 I Q 3,336 5,765 6,902 .58 .84 (1) No. 1 grade; (2) 5% white rice; (3) Average Source: Bank of Thailand. - 109 - Table 7.7: RICE RESERVE REQUIREMENT (B/ton) 02/02/82 02/27/81 06/01/81 07/01/81 ].0/29/81 12/08/81 01/07/82 - - - - - - 05/12/82 05/31/81 06/30/81 10/28/81 1.2/07/81 01/06/82 02/81/82 /a White Rice 100% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 2,000 1,000 750.00 350 5% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 2,000 1,000 750.00 350 1O0 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 15% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 20% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 25% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 - Lower than 25% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 - Broken, Al super special 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 Broken, Al all 323.82 352.95 363.94 300 150 437.50 - Other broken 323.82 352.94 363.94 300 150 - - Parboiled Rice 100% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 43/.50 215 5% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 i0% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 15% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 20% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 25Z 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 - Broken 323.82 352.94 363.94 300 150 - - Cargo Rice 100% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 5% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 10% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 15% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 20% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 Broken 323.82 352.94 363.94 300 150 - - Glutinous Rice 10% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 20% 1,942.92 2,123.64 2,183.64 1,750 875 437.50 215 Broken 323.82 352.94 363.94 300 150 - - /a Rice reserve requirement eliminated as of May 12, 1982. Source: Department of Foreign Trade, MOC. Table 7.8: AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES (BANCGXK) OF SELECTED AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES (B/METRIC TON) 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 Crop Nonglutinous, paddy, No. 2/a 1,093 1,011 848 1,101 1,538 2,248 2,310 2,254 2,261 2,469 2,584 3,159 3,585 Nonglutinous, rice (5Z) /a 2,205 1,905 1,578 1,822 2,865 3,773 3,723 3,822 3,866 4,250 4,522 5,671 6,500 Nonglutinous rice (20X) 7a 1,741 1,614 1,429 1,718 2,408 3,680 3,520 3,641 3,610 3,849 4,263 5,155 5,935 Al broken (super) /a 1,186 1,197 1,022 1,513 1,962 2,808 2,682 2,480 2,733 2,842 3,026 3,928 3,682 Glutinous, rice (iOZ)/a 1,730 1,172 1,136 1,762 3,055 3,440 3,540 3,740 3,737 5,068. 4,016 - - Maize /a 1,105 1,230 1,189 1,160 1,785 2,558 2,482 2,208 2,091 2,165 2,651 3,050 2,909 mungbeai, large lb 2,520 2,650 4,050 4,050 4,860 5,480 7,240 10,150 n.a. n.a. n.a. - - Cassava, (tapioca flour), high grade /a 1,757 1,813 2,140 2,236 2,717 3,747 3,506 3,429 3,685 3,217 5,884 5,770 4,623 Cassava, pellets /a 699 762 817 828 1,033 1,195 1,571 1,688 1,543 1,450 2,493 2,524 1,907 Sesame (black), good /b 4,990 4,940 4,896 6,034 8,060 7,760 10,450 13,190 n.a. n.a. n.a. - - Groundnuts (shelled), good /b 4,200 4,010 4,290 5,470 6,510 8,930 9,130 8,888 n.a. n.a. n.a. - - Cotton, large /b 4,090 4,020 4,910 5,550 7,230 10,080 7,340 10,200 10,133. 9,270. 12,470. - - Kapok (ginned), good /b 7,642 7,770 8,330 8,320 7,820 10,230 10,490 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. - - 0 Kenaf, high grade /a 3,040 2,967 3,650 4,861 3,765 3,630 3,981 4,500 5,838 5,148 5,784 6,362 6,366 Sugarcane /b 136 145 150 180 200 299 300 300 300 297 323 - - Rubber No. 1 /a 8,139 6,740 5,495 5,500 9,880 9,753 8,510 10,941 11,870 13,950 17,620 19,040 14,940 Rubber No. 3 7ai 7,995 6,580 5,295 5,300 9,680 9,553 8,310 10,841 11,756 13,850 17,520 18,940 14,840 Sources: /a Bank of Thailand, Monthly Bulletin, various issues. /b Ministry of Commerce, Department of Business Economics. - 111 - Table 7.9: PADDY PRODUCTION AND RICE EXPORTS (Millions of metric tons) Paddy Production Rice Exports Crop year Glutinous Nonglutinous Total _G-G Private tra.ders Total 1967/68 2.80 6.82 9.62 0.35 0.72 1.07 1968/69 3.55 6.88 10.43 0.32 0.70 1.02 1969/70 4.85 8.56 13.41 0.33 0.73 1.06 1970/71 5.15 8.42 13.57 0.61 .0.97 1.58 1971/72 4i.85 8.89 13.74 0.54 1.57 2.11 1972/73 41.05 8.36 12.41 0.31 0.54 0.85 1973/74 4.80 10.10 14.90 0.30 0.73 1.03 1974/75 4.40 8.99 13.39 0.37 0.58 0.95 1975/76 15.20 10.10 15.30 - - 1.97 1976/77 4.80 10.27 15.07 - - 2.95 1977/78 :3.90 10.11 14.01 0.48 1.13 1.61 1978/79 5.60 11.87 17.47 1.19 1.61 2.80 1979/80 '5.70 10.06 15.76 1.03 1.77 2.80 1980/81 5.50 11.86 17.36 1.12 1.92 3.04 1981/82 n.a. n.a. 18.50 1.34 2.29 3.63 Source: Agriculture Operations Center, MOAC. - 112 - Table 7.10: NUTRIENT TO CROP PRICE RATIOS FOR SELECTED FERTILIZERS AND CROPS, 1968-81 Nutrient price, B/kg Nutrient:crop price ratio 16-20-0-., 21-0-0:, 13-13-21:. 21-0-0:, 15-15-15:. Year 21-0-0 16-20-0 13-13-21 15-15-15 Rice Sugarcane Sugarcane CassavEL Cassava 1968 9.76 6.75 5.62 6.20 6.96 88.73 51.09 29.58 18.79 1969 8.90 6.39 5.51 6.04 7.43 80.91 50.09 16.48 11.19 1970 8.90 6.61 5.51 6.04 10.49 80.91 50.09 18.94 12.85 1971 8.81 6.25 5.64 5.84 7.81 80.09 51.27 16.94 11.23 1972 8.81 6.72 6.26 6.11 5.13 80.09 56.91 18.74 13.00 1973 12.14 9.36 8.47 7.76 4.78 93.38 65.15 35.71 22.82 1974 16.67 13.89 10.64 10.89 6.23 96.61 59.11 55.57 36.30 1975 15.39 12.94 11.04 11.58 6.54 61.56 44.16 37.54 28.24 1976 7.50 8.61 8.65 8.86 4.60 26.79 30.89 16.30 19.26 1977 9.52 8.75 7.73 8.18 4.13 35.26 28.63 20.70 17.78 1978 11.20 7.01 7.88 8.29 2.77 41.48 29.19 31.11 23.03 1979 12.09 11.18 9.09 9.50 4.66 40.30 30.30 16.34 12.84 1980 16.05 13.96 12.27 11.79 3.72 37.33 28.53 20.58 15.12 1981 17.58 14.54 12.25 12.83 4.24 29.80 20.76 39.07 28.51 Source: Office of Agricultural Economics, MOAC. - 113 - Table 7.11:. FERTILIZER USE AiD SUPPLY, 1969-81 ('000 metric tons) Domestic Agr:Lcultural Industrial Imports production use use 1969 260.8 18.4 :273.7 5.0 197'0 245.9 40.7 280.3 5.9 1971 229.9 40.6 261.5 8.5 1972 383.3 34.8 408.0 9.4 197'3 399.4 30.4 418.4 10.3 1974 364.1 39.9 390.3 12.1 1975 453.9 117.4 506.4 12.3 1976 683.6 159.7 664.4 10.7 1977 918.2 162.2 764.1 11.4 1978 754.0 327.6 781.0 12.5 1979 683.7 263.4 792.0 13.0 1980 734.2 260.0 716.9 14.0 1981 557.7 359.2 BOO.0 15.0 Source: Office of Agricultural Economics, MOAC Note: Because of double-counting between "'Imports" aLnd "Domestic Production" data and because of incomplete data on stocks a balance sheet for fertilizer cannot be constructed and the accuracy of atgricultural use data cannot be assessed. - 114 - Table 7.12: FERTILIZER USE, BY CROP AND BY REGION ('000 metric tons) Central % of North Northeast Plain /a South Kingdom total Rice 1971 4.12 80.61 61.60 16.28 180.25 69 1975 6.87 86.81 136.91 12.18 242.77 51 1980 13.81 147.37 242.84 16.92 420.94 53 Growth rate 1971-75 (%) 13.6 1.9 22.1 -7.0 7.7 Growth rate 1975-80 (Z) 15.0 11.2 12.1 6.8 11.6 Field crops /b 1971 7.24 7.09 29.57 2.08 51.33 20 1975 27.71 15.61 73.51 2.06 118.89 25 1980 20.22 17.68 106.64 1.46 146.00 23 Growth rate 1971-75 (X) 39.9 21.8 25.6 -0.2 23.4 Growth rate 1975-80 (X) -6.1 2.5 7.7 -6.7 4.2 Other /c 1971 2.84 0.89 10.03 16.28 29.04 11 1975 1.94 3.57 56.88 53.97 116.36 24 1980 7.09 7.34 97.74 37.81 149.96 24 Growth rate 1971-75 (x) -9.1 41.5 54.3 34.9 41.5 Growth rate 1975-80 (%) 29.6 15.5 11.4 -6.9 5.2 Total 1071 14.20 88.59 123.20 34.64 260.62 100 1975 36.52 105.99 267.30 68.21 478.02 100 1980 41.11 172.39 447.21 56.19 716.90 100 Growth rate 1971-75 (S) 26.6 4.6 21.4 18.5 16.4 Growth rate 1975-80 (%) 2.4 10.2 10.8 -3.8 8.4 Z of Kingdom 1971 5.4 34.0 47.3 13.3 100.0 1975 7.6 22.2 55.9 14.3 100.0 1980 6.1 22.4 63.1 8.4 100.0 /a Includes Lower North. Th Maize, sorghum, sugarcane, cassava, kenaf, cotton, tobacco, mung beans, soybeans, peanuts, watermelon, pineapple, yam, sweet potato, potato. /c Coconut, rubber, oil palm, fruit trees and flowering plants. Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Office of Agricultural Economics. Table 7.13: DISTRIBUTION OF FARM SIZE BY MAJOk CROPS, 1978 (%) Total Total area numbers Average 0-10 10-20 20-40 40-60 60-140 Over 140 ('000 (t000 holding Area HH /a Area HH Area HH Area HH Area RH Area HH ral) HH) (rai/HH) Rice /a 6.4 24.0 16.5 27.7 36.0 31.2 20.6 10.7 18.5 6.2 2.0 0.3 60,519 3,242 18.7 Corn 3.1 15.8 10.8 24.7 30.9 33.9 21.5 14.1 26.6 10.4 7.1 1.1 6,902 380 18.2 Cs^^^ 7-? 12-3 12.0 23.1 31.7 37.1 20.5 15.6 23.7 10.8 8.3 1.0 5,869 450 13.0 Sugar cane 3.0 18.3 8.5 23.9 20.1 29.3 14.5 13.1 24.0 12.1 29.9 3.3 2,580 107 24.1 /a Households or farm holdings. Source: Census of Agriculture. - 116 - Table 8.1: PRODUCTION AND CAPACITt OP SELECTED KANUYACTURING INDUSTRIES 1965 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 Production Sugar (1,000 metric tons) 320.0 406.6 580.0 585.6 725.0 968.0 1,105.8 1.603.6 2,360.7 1,664.2 1,841.7 855.6 1,665.1 Beer (million liters) 14.4 36.3 32.1 33.9 43.2 44.5 61.3 75.0 103.0 108.4 156.2 124.1 105.4 Tobacco (1,000 metric tons) 10.1 15.3 16.1 16.8 19.4 20.2 22.6 24.6 23.5 23.9 27.2 30.8 32.8 Man-sade- fabrics vwoven (1illion sq yd) 2.7 77.4 145.4 208.5 287.0 278.0 337.5 437.5 462.6 628.5 692.6 672.3 739.6 Cotton fabrics (million sq 7d) 227.9 365.5 450.2 481.3 566.9 529.4 574.4 699.7 788.5 839.8 861.5 904.9 822.2 Gunny bags (million units) 40.4 52.7 63.7 81.6 91.2 110.1 107.4 97.0 111.0 144.9 168.3 178.5 175.2 Knitting (million sq yd) /a - 53.0 70.4 110.5 168.7 203.7 237.8 278.8 242.3 259.3 285.2 287.5 425.0 Plywood (million sheets) n.a. 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.0 2.9 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.4 4.2 Paper (100 metric tons) n.a. 31.7 37.7 42.4 39.7 33.8 25.1 26.4 30.9 65.0 70.0 76.0 71.3 CeeMnt (million metric tons) 1.2 2.6 2.8 3.4 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.4 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.4 6.3 Galvanized iron sheets (1,000 metric tons) 65.5 85.5 97.3 103.8 86.1 72.1 83.1 88.8 129.6 106.9 127.9 124.9 151.6 Detergents (1,000 metric tons) M.&. 27.1 32.2 40.0 46.6 37.2 44.6 53.6 5.0 60.9 73.2 84.6 n.e. Chemical fertilizers (1,000 metric tons) n.a. 39.8 38.0 31.1 23.2 30.6 153.3 17.6 144.5 322.3 n.e. n.a. n.a. Acetylene (metric tons) n.a. 79.0 143.0 131.0 110.0 55.0 80.0 157.0 230.0 169.0 178.0 190.7 n.a. Sulphuric acid (1,000 metric tons) n.a. 15.0 14.3 47.3 47.1 46.9 37.8 41.7 48.2 60.2 48.1 35.1 n.a. Petroleum products (billion liters) n.a. 3.9 5.4 6.6 7.8 6.8 7.6 8.4 8.8 8.9 9.4 8.4 8.6 Motor vehicle assembly (1,000 units) 10.1 10.6 15.0 19.4 17.4 31.1 31.0 47.6 65.2 68.1 66.7 74.0 87.1 Motorcycle assembly (1,000 units - - - 34.4 56.6 83.8 83.9 99.0 148.6 190.8 244.2 284.0 305.3 Production Capacity Sugar (1,000 metric tons) 675.0 988.0 1,666.0 n.a. n.e. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Beer (million liters) 100.0 100.0 100.0 81.6 81.6 n.a. n.S. 165.0 165.0 165.0 Tobacco (1,000 metric tons) 22.4 n.a. n.a. n .a. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. Man-made fabrics, woven (million sq yd) n.a. n.e. n.a.1 2160 Cotton fabrics (million eq yd) 610.0 645.0 710.0 '1' 1,287.0 1,343.0 n.m. n.-. 1,800.0 1,870.0 cGnny bags (million units) 84.0 150.0 150.0 n..n.. 290.0 290.0 290.0 Knitting (million eq yd) /a n.a. n.a. 110.5 500.0 534.0 550.0 578.0 700.0 700.0 740.0 Plywood (million sheets) 10.8 10.8 10.8 n.a. n.e. n.a. n.a. n.a. 6.1 6.4 Paper (100 metric tons) 43.3 45.0 45.0 39.0 46 5 46.5 n.e. ..a. 95.0 95.0 Cement (million metric tons) 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 5.1 5.1 5.4 5.4 5.7 8.8 Galvapized iron sheets (1,000 metric tons) 192.0 192.0 192.0 213.7 213.7 213.7 213.7 213.7 213.7 213.7 Detergents (1,000 metric tons) 54.3 54.3 54.3 66.0 66.0 66.0 72.0 n.a. n.&. n.e. Chemical fertilizers (1,000 metric tons) 88.2 n.a n.a. 170.0 170.0 200.0 410.0 n.a. n.e. n.&. Acetylene (metric tons) 80.0 n.a n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.e. n.e. n.a. a.-. Sulphuric acid (1,000 metric tons) 48.0 n.a n.a. 78.3 97.8 119.3 127.8 n.e. n.a. n.a. Petroleum products (billion liters) 7.9 8.7 8.7 9.6 9.6 9.6 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 Motor vehicle assembly (1,000 units) 53.0 53.0 53.0 93.0 93.0 114.0 127.2 131.0 131.0 131.0 Motorcycle assembly (1,000 units 68.0 68.0 68.0 111.0 248.2 248.2 293.7 313.8 338.0 396.0 Capacity Utilization (2) Sugar (1,000 metric tons) 87 73 58 - - - - - - Beer (million liters) 34 43 45 75 92 - - 95 75 64 Tobacco (1,000 metric toes) 75 - - - - - - - - - Man-made fabrice, woven (million sq yd) - - - 75 88 93 - - 88 84 Cotton fabrics (million sq yd) 79 88 75 - - - - - - - Gunny bags (million units) 97 61 73 - - - - 58 62 60 Knitting (million sq yd) /a - - 184 48 52 44 45 41 41 57 Plywood (million sheeta) 32 33 29 - - - - - 72 66 Paper (100 metric tons) 98 88 75 64 57 66 - - 80 75 Cement (million metric tons) 81 88 93 95 86 100 94 98 95 72 Galvanized iron sheets (1,000 metric tons) 54 45 33 39 42 61 50 60 58 71 Detergents (1,000 metric tons) 74 86 69 68 81 89 85 - - - Chemical fertilizers (1,000 metric tons) 35 - - 90 - - - - - - Acetylene (metric tons) 164 - - - - - - - - - Sulphuric ecid (1,000 metric tons) 9 - - 48 43 40 47 - - - Petroleum products (billion liters) 84 90 78 79 8S 92 87 92 82 84 Motor vehicle assembly (1,000 units) 37 33 59 33 51 57 54 51 56 66 Motorcycle assembly '1,000 units 51 83 123 76 40 60 65 78 84 77 n.a. - not available. /s Total mn-made end cotton fabrics. Sources: Ministry of Industry end Bank of Theiland. Table 8.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ORIGINATING FROM MANUFACTURING AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES (Billions of baht) 1982 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 /a Food 5.0 5.3 5.0 6.7 10.5 12.5 14.1 15.0 15.4 16.1 19.5 24.5 31.4 Beverages 2.2 2.2 2.5 3.1 4.3 4.3 5.3 6.4 7.8 9.3 10.9 10.7 11.5 Tobacco & snuff 2.0 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.7 4.1 4.8 5.7 6.0 7.0 8.0 10.0 10.3 Textiles 1.7 2.3 3.4 4.1 5.2 4.7 5.3 6.5 7.7 9.7 11.8 13.0 13.8 Wearing apparel & made-up textile goods 1.1 1.6 1.8 2.5 3.5 4.2 5.1 6.0 8.2 11.0 14.2 17.5 20.7 Wood & cork 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.7 3.2 3.5 3.6 Furniture & fixtures 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.8 Paper & paper products 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.7 1.9 2.2 Printing, publishing & allied industries 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.9 2.5 3.0 3.8 4.4 Leather & leather products (& footwear) 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 Rubber & rubber products 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.8 3.1 3.1 2.9 4 Chenicals & chemical products 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.9 3.3 4.3 5.1 6.9 9.2 11.0 12.6 Petroleuv m refining & coal 1.6 2.1 2.4 3.0 4.2 4.9 5.3 6.1 7.5 11.5 14.5 17.5 17.3 Nometallic mineral products 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.4 4.7 5.8 7.0 a.7 10.0 11.8 Basic metals 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.5 Metal products (excl. machinery & transport equipment) 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.1 0.8 1.0 1.3 2.0 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.6 Nonelectrical machinery 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 i.6 1.9 2.1 Electrical machinery & supplies 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 1.2 1.5 2.1 2.5 3.1 3.7 3.9 Transport equipment 1.1 1.1 1.4 2.3 3.3 3.7 4.4 5.8 8.1 9.2 11.4 14.2 14.6 Miscellaneous. n.e.s. 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.5 3.4 4.7 6.5 Total Value Added 21.8 24.9 27.9 35.6 49.4 53.9 63.0 74.7 89.1 109.7 134.5 158.3 177.1 /a Preliminary. Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table 8.3: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ORIGINATING FROM MANUFACTURING AT CONSTANT PRICES (Billions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982/a Food 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.4 6.0 6.3 7.3 8.4 8.4 8.9 8.6 9.2 10.9 Beverages 3.0 2.2 2.5 3.0 3.7 3.3 4.0 5.0 5.6 6.8 5.9 5.4 5.6 Tobacco and sauff 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.6 4.1 4.6 4.9 4.0 Textiles 2.2 2.7 3.4 4.2 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.3 7.2 7.7 8.8 9.2 9.7 Wearing apparel and made-up textile goods 1.1 2.5 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.7 3.3 3.6 4.6 5.0 5.6 6.4 7.3 Wood and cork 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 Furniture and fixtures 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 Paper and paper products 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 Printing, publishing and allied industries 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 Leather and leather products (and footwear) 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 Rubber and rubber products 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.4 Chemicals and chemical products 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.0 2.3 3.1 3.5 4.2 5.0 5.3 5.9 Petroleum refining and coal 1.4 2.0 2.4 2.8 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.1 Nonmetallic mineral products 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.7 4.0 c Basic metals 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 Metal products (excl. machinr- ery and transport equipment) 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Nonelectrical machinery 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Electrical machinery and supplies 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 .0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Transport equipment 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.8 2.4 2.4 3.0 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.8 5.5 5.5 Miscellaneous, n.e.s. 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.7 2.2 Total Value Added 23.3 25.2 27.9 31.5 34.4 36.8 42.5 48.1 52.5 57.8 60.6 64.5 68.2 /a Preliminary. Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table _.4; .STTISTICS OF PROMO.TED IVvESTME-T la Registered Number of capital of promoted Number of Number of Number of Number of promotion firms (million baht) projects new firms applications applications certificates Investment /d Thai Foreign starting starting received approved lb issued /c (million baih) owned owned Total operations operations Oct 1960- Dec 1967 n.a. n.a. 340 12,466 2,627 1,145 3,772 n.a. n.a. 1968 252 149 105 2,562 336 279 615 82 73 1969 242 121 86 4,157 801 445 1,246 89 80 1970 117 94 91 2,605 590 263 852 67 56 1971 103 52 76 1,496 410 178 588 59 43 1972 180 116 70 4,079 772 236 1,008 47 36 1973 552 325 116 7,773 988 296 1,284 58 40 1974 228 176 251 18,021 2,804 939 3,740 108 84 1975 111 83 86 4,638 907 311 1,217 69 52 1976 119 61 66 1,987 718 152 870 { 134 83 1977 264 102 69 2,642 542 114 657 48 1978 342 202 128 15,918 2,207 377 2,584 1 28 54 1979 338 233 154 24,348 6,112 1,359 7,471 {69 1980 245 160 143 20,475 3,532 666 4,198 168 73 1981 265 170 121 86,009 4,593 1,947 6,900 {66 1982 (Jan.-July) 113 68 76 7,624 1,635 686 2,321 51 44 n-a. - not available. /a Includes hotels and service industries such as cold storage, and, in recent years, mineral exploration. Over the past ten years, such nonmanufacturing investments have accounted for 8.72 of total investment in promoted indus- tries. /b When an application for investment promotion has been approved, the applicant is notified in writing of the pri- veleges and conditions under which promotion Is granted. The letter of notification will usually specify a six- month time limit for the applicant to satisfy the qualifying conditions (incorporation of the company, commercial registration, etc.). Two months are generally required, after submission of the application, to be notified of the Board's decislon. /c The Promotion Certificate, which is, in effect, the contract for investment promotion between the investor and the Royal Thai Government, is issued to the investor once he has complied with all the terms and conditions specified in the notification of approval. A two-year period Is usually allowed to start operations. If operations do not start during this period, the certificate may be withdrawn. /d Refers to projects approved and granted a promotion certificate; figures for investment projects actually imple- mented are not available. /e January-June. Source: Board of Investment. Table 8.5: MINERAL PRODUCTION (Thousands of metric tons) 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Tin concentrates 31.2 32.8 28.8 29.7 29.6 30.1 28.6 27.8 22.4 27.9 33.0 41.2 46.4 46.0 43.0 35.6 Wolfram ore (tungsten) 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.4 4.9 6.5 5.0 4.3 3.5 4.0 4.3 6.2 3.5 3.2 2.3 1.7 Iron ore 549.2 499.5 477.4 22.5 39.5 27.8 36.3 36.3 32.5 25.0 63.5 88.1 103.1 85.0 62.5 26.8 Lead ore 8.2 6.5 4.2 3.0 5.5 4.3 8.7 3.6 3.6 2.1 1.3 3.9 20.5 24.8 40.7 43.7 Antimony 2.4 0.8 1.7 5.7 5.4 11.3 8.2 10.3 7.7 9.1 6.1 6.8 6.9 5.9 2.8 1.5 Manganese ore 79.1 41.0 29.9 23.9 14.0 19.8 36.3 30.2 25.2 50.2 77.0 67.2 35.3 54.3 10.9 7.8 Gypsum 61.7 128.1 92.0 144.2 167.9 87.8 236.3 311.8 255.2 267.8 380.1 280.9 352.4 412.0 540.4 753.4 Lignite 335.3 305.3 347.8 399.9 445.1 345.5 361.0 484.7 462.3 680.3 438.6 638.9 1,356.5 1,487.2 1,686.0 1,963.8 Fluorite ore 133.2 245.1 297.6 317.8 426.5 395.0 398.0 420.2 286.2 200.4 239.8 259.8 259.9 304.3 276.8 257.1 Marl 1,213.6 1,624.2 1,533.9 622.8 489.7 372.2 245.8 226.7 467.5 435.0 584.7 1,459.7 2,261.7 1,938.6 1,786.7 457.5 Source: Bank of Thailand. Table 8.6: TOURISM - BASIC DATA 1965 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 Foreign visitors (in thousands) 225.0 469.8 628.7 638.7 820.8 1,037.7 1,107.4 1,180.1 1,098.4 1,220.7 1,453.8 1,591.5 1,858.8 2,015.6 Nationality United States 78.3 133.3 159.2 147.0 151.6 161.4 156.8 116.2 116.7 124.1 131.4 114.6 115.3 119.9 of which: R&R (15.0) (70.7) (44.3) (26.6) (7.7) (4.4) (3.5) - - - - - - Japan 17.3 42.9 47.0 55.8 93.5 151.9 132.7 147.0 150.5 174.0 193.7 200.3 225.4 214.6 Malaysia 18.4 59.6 105.0 128.9 162.6 190.8 197.5 227.8 161.2 217.4 243.4 254.5 402.5 446.7 Germany 7.4 20.2 28.0 35.8 52.7 62.7 69.4 78.1 86.0 79.1 91.5 97.8 95.5 89.1 UK 20.3 31.3 37.0 37.7 46.9 58.3 65.4 76.4 72.7 72.0 98.5 128.4 138.8 160.1 France 6.7 12.7 21.1 17.9 31.7 45.0 42.6 46.9 48.5 51.1 64.0 72.5 72.1 70.6 Australia 10.1 22.2 28.2 26.4 31.9 48.2 75.8 78.9 80.5 69.5 67.5 61.7 64.2 68.0 Other 66.5 147.5 203.2 188.6 250.0 319.4 367.2 408.8 382.3 433.5 563.8 661.7 745.0 846.6 Average length of stay (days) 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.8 5.1 4.9 5.0 Hotel capacity in Bangkok (rooms) 2,469 /,9t4 8,763 9,i27 9,028 9,,74 9,8'. 10,33' 10,4_85 __,__4 _1;76 I ;R9 11 927 n.a_ Foreign exchange earnings (millions of Baht) 506 1,770 2,175 2,214 2,718 3,457 3,852 4,538 3,990 4,607 8,894 11,232 17,765 21,456 of which: R&R of US troops (50) (459) (390) (240) (63) (13) (11) - - - - - - - Source: Tourist Organization of Thailand. - 122 - Table 8.7: SELECTED NOMINAL AND EFFECTIVE TARIFF RATES, 1971, 1974, 1978 AND 1981. (x) Noninal rates (range) Effective rates Industries 1974 1978 1981 1971 1974 1978 Processed food Sugar 45.6-67.0 30.0-65.0 30.0-65.0 /a -86.0 -20.3 Sweet condensed milk 20.0 20.0 20.0 273[2 /a 33.6 Wheat flour and cereals 30.0-80.7 30.0 30.0 186.6 30.3 466.6 Fruit canning 83.3-196.1 80.0 80.0 -28.4 -8.0 n.a. Animal feeds 0.0 0.0 0.0 -8.0 -1.3 -2.1 Beverages and tobacco Beer 249.5 100.0 100.0 9,803.2 /a 39.7 Cigarette 60.0-71.7 60.0 20.0-60.0 378.9 1,0617. -25.3 Construction materials Cement 10.0-50.0 10.0-50.0 5.0-50.0 10.6 43.9 n.a. Intermediate products I Veneer and plywood 30.0-60.0 30.0-60.0 10.0-60.0 /a /a /a Thread and yarn 10.0-50.3 20.0 20.0 39[1 397X T7 Glass sheet and products 0.0-73.5 5.0 3.0-80.0 101.0 73.0 75 Iron and steel basic industries 0.8-30.0 5.0 5.0 18.4 37.7 -15.2 Rope and cordage 15.0-30.0 5.0-30.0 15.0-30.0 26.3 29.0 -4.0 Intermediate products II Rubber tires and tubes 15.0-37.6 30.0 15.0-30.0 25.2 33.4 24.7 Paints and varnishes 30.0 30.0 30.0 37.9 57.8 115.6 Chemical products, plastic and synthetic 0.0-723.7 30.0 10.0-60.0 25.0 34.9 22.4 Finished structural metal products 0.8-60.0 30.0 5.0-25.0 24.9 49.1 95.0 Other metal products 0.8-60.0 30.0 5.0-60.0 18.6 57.6 82.5 Consumer nondurables Clothing 10.0-85.0 100.0 100.0 86.2 /a 338.8 Textile articles 30.0-60.0 5.0-100.0 5.0-100.0 44.1 93.6 78.2 Shoes 30.0-70.0 100.0 100.0 185.0 199.5 669.4 Drugs and medicine 0.0-30.0 30.0 0.0-30.0 01.2 59.8 71.6 Soaps and detergent 8.8-60.0 30.0-80.0 30.0-80.0 65.5 84.0 144.9 Consumer durables Motorcycle assembly and parts 30.0-40.0 30.0-60.0 30.0 156.7 36.4 102.6 TV and household appliances 5.0-80.0 5.0-100.0 5.0-60.0 166.7 830.2 /a Wood furniture 50.0 50.0 30.0 52.3 189.4 75T Machinery Tractor assembly 2.0-5.0 2.0 2.0 5.3 5.7 5.5 Wires, cables and accessories 10.0-30.0 30.0 15.0 21.0 62.1 82.8 Transport equipment Car assembly 80.0 150.0 150.0 236.4 353.9 /a Truck assembly 40.0 30.0-40.0 20.0-40.0 95.4 100.7 392-7 Motor vehicle parts 15.0-60.0 15.0-80.0 50.0-80.0 68.7 84.9 55.0 All Sectors Non-import competing 34.6 50.8 175.0 39.7 99.6 Import competing 24.8 35.7 56.1 44.8 85.9 Exports -6.5 13.7 -24.3 -39.9 40.3 /a Negative value added at world market prices. n.a. - not available. Source: Narongehai Akrasanee, The Structure of Effective Protection in Thailand (1975), and Dhavil Wisuthachinda, Custom Tariff of Thailand (1981). Table 8.8: CHANGES IN NOMINAL LEGAL MINIMUM WAGES AND INDEX OF REAL MINIMUM WAGES BY REGION: 1973-81 (baht/day) Bangkok North Northeast Center South Nominal Index real Nominal Index real Nominal Index real Nominal Index real Nominal Index real/a Month/year minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum minimum of change wage wage wage wage wage wage wage wage wage wage Apr. 1973 /b 12 62.2 - - - - - - - - Jan. 1974 lb 16 72.7 - - - - - - Jun. 1974 T7 20 80.5 - - - - - - - - Oct. 1974 7d 20 79.0 16 101.2 16 97.1 18 99.0 18 104.2 Jan. 1975 7d 25 100.0 16 100.0 16 100.0 18 100.0 18 100.0 Oct. 1977 28 93.3 19 101.2 19 102.4 21 98.4 21 102.6 Aug. 1978 35 109.4 25 126.5 25 127.6 28 128.1 28 129.6 Sep. 1979 45 124.3 35 158.8 35 158.8 38 151.6 38 155.0 1 Oct. 1980 54 125.5 44 171.8 44 166.5 47 156.8 47 162.4 Oct. 1981 /e 61 127.0 52 184.7 52 178.8 52 158.9 52 163.0 w Oct. 1982 7T 64 124.7 52 170.6 52 164.7 52 148.4 52 155.0 Ia naae year J--,= Ja.ry 19?5. 0-1 -fg 4nAayaa A a darivpA hv Annivina Reional CPI for the aporopriate month. 7b Minimum wage for Bangkok was also applicable to the three neighboring provinces of Samutprakan, Nonthaburi, and Pathumthani. /c Area coverage of the minimum wage for Bangkok was extended to the provinces of Samutsakhon and Nakhonpathom. 77 inei nttoher 1977; the minimum wage of B 18 per day was also applicable in the following four provinces of the Northeast: Ubonratchathani, Udonthani, Rhonkaen, and Nakhonratchasima. /e Between October 1981 and September 1982, the highest prescribed minimum wage was applicable in Bangkok, five surrounding provinces (listed under /b and /c) and the following seven provinces: Chonburi, Saraburi, Ranong, Phang-nga, Phuket, Nakhonratchasima, and Chiengmai. /f Since October 1982 minimum wage was increased to B 64 for Bangkok, five surrounding provinces (listed under /b and /c), and Ranong, Phang-nga, and Phuket and it stayed frozen at B 6i for uiieng nai, Nakhonratcemhasi.na, Sraburi ad Chonburi and B 52 for the rest of the kingdom. Source: Department of Labor, Ministry of Interior (for nominal minimum wages). Department of Business Economics, Ministry of Commerce, and also reported in the Bank of Thailand Statistical Bulletin (for consumer prices). - 124 - Table 8.9: ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCE (Million liters of crude oil equivalent) 1970 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 Petroleum prod. 5,290 8,874 10,023 10,720 11,538 12,226 12,611 11,936 Hydroelectric 603 1,206 1,286 1,113 753 1,148 578 1,052 Lignite 171 260 254 247 270 440 570 660 Bagasse 307 671 956 903 1,062 1,136 708 1,046 Fuelwood 57 46 46 47 37 439 612 665 Charcoal 68 11 23 21 20 1,265 1,618 1,905 Paddy husk 46 46 46 42 46 51 50 107 Natural gas - - - - - - - 100 Total 6,542 11,114 12,634 13,093 13,726 16,705 16,747 17,471 Source: NEA; Bank estimates. - 125 - Table 8.10: REFINERY IBALANCE (Million liters') Diesel Gaso- Kero- Jet Item oil line Fuel oil sene fuel LPG Total /a Refinery Production 1976 2,546.7 1,903.0 2,587.9 292.9 839.9 223.2 8,393.6 1977 2,799.4 2,118.4 2,839.2 281.3 752.3 240.4 9,031.0 1978 2,575.6 2,058.3 3,124.5 262.4 755.2 218.5 8,994.5 1979 2,771.9 2,117.2 3,488.1 318.9 782.3 250.9 9,729.3 1980 2,794.0 1,827.8 2,514.3 292.7 776.8 231.9 8,437.5 1981 2,751.3 1,822.4 2,626.3 353.2 925.1 243.6 8,721.9 Imports 1976 809.8 60.0 336.2 1.6 14.8 - 1,222.4 1977 854.1 64.3 689.6 3.8 11.0 3.5 1,626.3 1978 1,350.4 249.0 852.7 3.5 30.6 58.5 2,544.7 1979 1,638.7 207.3 484.3 4.6 103.1 77.7 2,515.7 1980 1,580.2 461.6 1,491.5 7.6 182.0 134.8 3,858.7 1981 1,176.0 279.0 975.9 38.1 82.8 231.3 2,783.1 Consumption 1976 3,356.5 1,963.0 2,924.1 294.5 854.7 223.2 9,616.0 1977 3,653.5 2,182.7 3,528.8 285.1 763.3 243.9 10,657.3 1978 3,926.0 2,307.3 3,977.2 265.9 785.8 277.0 11,539.2 1979 4,410.6 2,324.5 3,972.4 323.5 885.4 328.6 12,245.0 1980 4,374.2 2,289.4 4,005.8/b 300.3 958.8 366.7 12,295.2 1981 3,927.3 2,101.4 3,602.27T 391.3 1,007.9 474.9 11,505.0 /a Excluding bitumen. /b Excluding Shengli crude oil in 1980 - 489.7 million liters and 1981 = 499.6 million liters. Sources: NEA; Ministry of Finance. - 126 - Table 8.11: PETROLEUM PRODUCTS CONSUMPTION BY ECONOMIC SECTORS (Million liters of product) Type of Con- Manufac- Electricity Transporta- Commerce, ser- petroleum Agri- struc- turing and water tion and vice and oth- product culture tion industry supply communication er activities Total Gasoline 1975 0.3 2.3 19.8 26.6 1,640.5 73.0 1,762.5 1976 3.0 3.5 25.5 7.6 1,830.7 92.7 1,963.0 1977 3.3 3.9 28.4 8.4 2,035.6 103.2 2,182.8 1978 3.5 3.6 36.0 8.5 2,140.4 115.3 2,307.3 1979 3.5 3.6 36.2 8.6 2,156.4 116.2 2,324.5 1980 0.2 2.9 55.8 7.2 2,098.1 125.2 2,289.4 1981 0.2 2.6 51.2 6.6 1,925.8 115.0 2,101.4 Diesel Oil 1975 961.0 38.4 352.7 65.9 1,247.6 201.2 2,866.8 1976 1,040.6 89.5 316.7 75.2 1,598.9 235.6 3,3156.5 1977 1,132.6 97.4 344.7 81.9 1,740.4 256.5 3,653.5 1978 1,144.1 107.1 374.6 154.3 1,870.3 275.6 3,912'6.0 1979 1,272.7 117.8 415.9 193.0 2,101.4 309.7 4,410.5 1980 1,168.8 140.2 371.4 209.3 2,273.3 211.3 4,3,74.5 1981 1,049.4 125.9 333.4 187.9 2,041.0 189.7 3,9527.3 Fuel Oil 1975 7.8 1.1 1,186.9 1,170.8 68.8 212.9 2,6,48.3 1976 0.3 3.8 1,362.3 1,462.2 24.2 71.3 2,924.1 1977 0.3 4.2 1,499.6 1,919.6 26.7 78.4 3,528.8 1978 0.3 4.7 1,330.0 2,524.0 30.1 88.1 3,977.2 1979 0.3 4.7 1,618.0 2,231.0 30.1 88.3 3,972.4 1980 0.3 5.9 1,369.1 2,510.4 40.0 80.1 4,005.8 1981 0.3 5.3 1,521.5 1,967.2 36.0 72.0 3,602.3 Kerosene 1975 0.009 0.002 22.1 0.01 35.3 149.0 2C06.4 1976 0.02 1.4 13.1 0.02 27.8 252.2 2914.5 1977 0.02 1.1 11.2 0.007 19.8 253.0 285.1 1978 0.02 1.0 10.4 0.007 18.5 236.0 265.8 1979 0.02 1.2 12.7 0.009 22.5 287.2 323.5 1980 0.2 0.8 62.9 0.02 2.7 233.7 3C00.3 1981 0.3 1.1 81.9 0.03 3.4 304.6 3911.3 Jet Fuel 1975 - - - - 834.6 - 834.6 1976 - - - - 854.7 - 854.7 1977 - - - - 763.3 - 763.3 1978 - - - - 785.9 - 785.9 1979 - - - - 885.4 - 885.4 1980 - - - - 958.8 - 958.8 1981 - - - - 1,007.9 - 1,OCl7.9 LPG 1974 - - - - - 161.2 16,1.2 1975 - - - - - 194.5 1914.5 1976 - - - - - 223.2 223.2 1977 0.03 0.04 26.5 0.01 0.003 217.4 243.9 1978 0.01 0.04 33.4 0.01 0.030 243.7 277.1 1979 0.01 0.05 39.6 0.01 0.036 288.9 328.6 1980 - 0.02 44.2 - 24.7 297.9 366.8 1981 - 0.03 57.2 - 129.5 288.2 474.9 Source: NEA - 127 - Table 8.12: PETROLEUM PRODUCI'S' RETAIL PRICE (Baht/liter, as of September 29, 1982) Excise tax Market- and muni- ing Retail Domestic structure Ex-refinery cipal tax margin Net price Oil fund price 11.11 Premium gasoline 6.0581 4.5916 0.5097 11.1594 2.2906 13.45 Begular gasoline 5.5918 3.8917 0.4719 9.9554 1.4446 11.40 Kerosene 6.4684 0.3956 0.3964 7.2604 (1.1404) 6.12 Iligh-speed diesel 6.1660 0.9927 0.4014 7.5601 (0.1701) 7.39 Low-speed diesel 6.0921 0.9564 0.2664 7.3149 (0.1949) 7.12 Yuel oil/600 3.0% S 4.4475 0.0010 0.0964 4.5466 0.1554 4.70 Yuel oil/2,500 4.0717 0.0010 0.1003 4.1730 0.2170 4.39 ILPG (large) B/kg 8.1883 0.0001 1.8266 10.0150 (0.5550) 9.46 lLPG (small) B/kg 8.1883 0.0001 2.3566 10.5450 (0.5550) 9.99 Business Market- Import Import and muni- ing Retail import structure price duty cipal tax margin Net price Oil fund price 11.11 Premium gasoline 6.0581 2.91 1.0180 0.5097 10.4958 2.9 542 13.45 Rtegular gasoline 5.5918 2.91 0.8614 0.4719 9.8351 1.5649 11.40 1Rerosene 6.6052 0.04 0.3921 0.3964 7.4337 (1.3137) 6.12 lHigh-speed diesel 6.3105 0.53 0.4758 0.4014 7.7177 (0.3277) 7.39 Low-speed diesel 6.2382 0.53 0.4620 0.2664 7.4966 (0.3766) 7.12 IFutel oil/600 3.0% S 4.5621 0.001 Exempted 0.0964 4.6595 0.0405 4.70 Fuel oil/2,500 4.1858 0.001 Exempted 0.1003 4.2871 0.1029 4.39 LPG (large) B/kg 8.1883 0.001 Exempted 1.8257 10.0150 (0.5550) 9.46 LIPG (small) B/kg 8.1883 0.001 Exempted 2.3557 10.5450 (0.5550) 9.99 Source: Ministry of Finance. Table 9.1: CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR WHOLE KINGDOM BY GROUPS /a (1976 - 100) 1982 Weights 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Jan Fab Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct NOv Dec All iLtem 100.00 60.6 63.5 73.4 91.2 96.0 100.0 107.6 116.1 127.6 152.7 172.1 181.1 178.1 178.9 179.9 179.4 181.0 181.6 180.8 180.4 182.4 183.2 184.7 183.2 Food 43.68 54.6 58.5 70.4 91.0 95.7 100.0 109.4 119.1 129.9 155.4 171.8 176.6 174.3 175.3 177.0 175.8 176.9 177.8 175.4 173.7 177.2 178.5 179.1 177.8 Nonfood 56.32 68.8 70.4 77.3 91.1 96.2 100.0 104.9 112.0 123.8 148.4 169.5 181.8 178.1 178.9 179.3 179.2 181.3 181.6 182.8 182.8 183.6 184.1 186.1 184.4 Clothing 8.10 65.1 66.7 77.2 91.8 96.9 100.0 104.3 109.6 124.6 149.9 164.9 173.9 169.7 170.7 171.7 171.9 173.5 174.0 175.0 175.4 176.1 176.3 176.4 176.4 Housing 22.32 70.8 72.4 80.6 93.6 97.0 100.0 105.5 111.2 122.1 145.7 165.1 177.0 174.7 175.6 175.6 175.3 175.5 175.7 176.2 177.2 178.7 179.7 179.8 179.9 Personal and Medical care 6.40 74.9 78.1 81.0 91.5 98.8 100.0 105.5 115.1 123.0 148.4 163.5 174.1 170.0 171.2 172.0 172.0 173.3 174.4 174.7 174.9 176.3 176.7 177.0 177.1 Trasportation 7.37 56.3 57.3 62.1 85.8 91.3 100.0 103.1 118.4 138.2 171.7 220.6 231.2 227.8 228.2 228.8 228.8 229.2 229.6 229.8 230.1 231.6 231.8 245.4 232.3 Recretion, reading and education 8.18 70.5 72.5 78.1 89.2 95.6 100.0 102.9 109.5 120.9 144.4 159.0 172.1 163.7 164.0 164.6 164.6 175.9 175.9 176.3 176.2 175.3 175.6 176.3 176.3 Tobacco and alcoho- lic beverages 3.95 76.6 76.9 79.1 91.4 95.2 100.0 107.1 110.0 113.0 125.3 139.6 164.4 163.7 163.8 164.5 164.7 164.6 164.4 164.6 164.6 164.8 164.4 164.4 164.3 /a Weights and selected items are derived from a socioeconomic survey conducted only in urban areas In 1975/76 nong families of two or more persons but not over ten, annual income ranging from B 1,000 and B 5,000. Source: Department of Business Economics, Ministry of Comerce. Table 9.2: CONSUMER PRICE INDEX FOR BANGKOK METROPOLIS BY GROUPS /a (1976 * 100) Weights 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec All items 100.00 63.9 66.4 74.2 91.5 95.3 100.0 108.4 117.9 130.0 155.9 176.8 186.3 183.2 184.5 185.6 184.4 186.5 186.9 186.1 185.1 186.8 187.9 190.6 188.3 Food 43.74 58.2 61.9 70.9 91.1 94.8 100.0 111.5 120.9 132.0 156.8 173.3 179.4 175.9 178.2 180.5 178.1 179.7 180.3 178.3 175.9 179.5 181.3 183.0 181.9 Nonfood 56.26 72.2 73.0 79.2 92.3 96.0 100.0 104.0 112.8 125.6 151.8 175.5 187.5 184.6 185.2 185.3 185.0 187.5 187.8 187.9 188.1 188.2 188.8 192.2 189.0 Clothing 7.19 68.6 69.3 79.2 93.4 98.1 100.0 102.5 109.1 128.5 153.9 163.9 169.2 167.5 167.5 168.1 168.1 169.8 170.0 170.0 170.2 169.9 169.9 169.9 169.9 Housing 23.67 77.1 78.0 84.1 91.3 95.3 100.0 104.8 111.8 122.8 148.8 169.2 181.6 180.7 181.7 181.3 180.6 180.8 181.1 I18.3 181.3 181.8 182.9 182.9 182.9 Personal and medical care 6.25 76.1 78.2 81.1 93.1 98.4 100.0 107.5 116.4 125.2 160.2 177.4 185.9 182.1 183;1 183.4 183.4 185.6 187.1 187.2 187.2 187.2 187.8 188.1 188.1 Transportation 7.21 55.1 55.5 63.0 88.1 91.2 100.0 102.2 122.7 141.8 175.5 241.4 251.2 248.0 248.0 248.3 248.4 248.4 249.0 249.0 250.0 250.0 250.3 274.3 250.4 R- art4 . ran.An. and education 7.92 77.0 77.9 83.3 98.2 99.5 100.0 100.3 109.4 123.4 145.0 161.8 176.2 166.2 166.4 167.1 167.1 181.2 180.6 180.6 180.6 180.4 180.9 181.9 181.9 Tobacco and alcoho- lic beverages 4.02 81.7 81.7 83.7 94.2 96.9 100.0 107.3 110.7 114.8 125.7 140.8 165.7 165.1 165.1 165.9 165.9 165.9 165.7 165.7 165.6 166.2 165.6 165.8 165.7 /a Weights and selected items are derived from a socioeconomic survey conducted only in urban areas in 1975/76 among families of two or more persons but not over ten, annual income ranging from B 1,000 and B 5,000. Source: Department of Business Economics, Ministry of Commerce. - 130 - Table R1.1: REGIONAL POPULATION ('000) Annual growth (X) 1960 1970 1975 1980 1960-70 1970-75 1975-80 Bangkok 2,136 3,437 4,237 5,152 4.9 4.3 4.0 Center 6,135 7,774 8,610 9,449 2.4 2.1 1.9 North 5,723 7,894 8,795 9,667 3.3 2.2 1.9 Northeast 8,992 12,755 14,606 16,433 3.6 2.7 2.4 South 3,272 4,510 5,140 5,754 3.3 2.6 2.3 Whole Kingdom 26,258 36,370 41,388 46,455 3.3 2.6 2.3 Source: 1960 and 1970 Census, NESDB. Table R2.1: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - BANGKOK (Millions of current baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 412.2 417.9 471.9 606.2 595.6 628.8 689.0 972.0 796.0 1 122.0 1 303.0 Crops 391.8 O1.3 453.6 585.5 566.7 603.0 661.0 878.0 731.0 1,019.0 1,180.0 Livestock 20.4 16.5 18.2 20.8 28.9 25.9 26.0 27.0 24.0 35.0 43.0 Fisheries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 67.0 41.0 68.0 80.0 Forestry 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nona,riculture 42,510.3 45,248.7 50,202.7 62,181.1 79,355.9 87,585.2 97,889.0 117,653.0 141,013.0 176,751.0 222,410.0 Mining & quarrying 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 Manufacturing 12,066.1 13,775.9 15,518.3 20,100.6 26,793.7 29,377.1 31,372.0 38,374.0 45,803.0 56,516.0 69,539.0 - Construction 3,277.1 2,856.1 2,540.4 2,993.2 3,879.4 4,793.0 5,998.0 7,380.0 8,951,0 15,047.0 20,679.0 w Electricity a water supply 242.9 290.0 386.6 568.5 554.7 584.2 673.0 838.0 1,039.0 1,071.0 1,189.0 Transportation & communication 5,450.1 5,765.4 6,697.8 8,340.2 10,236.7 11,523.9 13,535.0 15,198.0 18,551.0 23,920.0 28,567.0 QaW4' -d ^ 5,37! 6 5 243 A 1L. RA127.7 10.179.2 10.243.0 11.297.0 15.391.0 18,650.0 22,464.0 28,335.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 4,489.1 4,768.5 5,280.3 6,766.8 9,772.6 10,879.0 12,052.0 14,070.0 17,302.0 22,745.0 30,447.0 Ownership of dwellings 1,600.0 1,696.5 1,744.8 1,906.4 2,206.3 2,376.4 2,645.0 2,882.0 3,170.0 3,369.0 4,024.0 Public administration & defense 3,333.6 3,498.6 3,763.1 4,213.2 5,216.5 5,844.0 6,452.0 7,256.0 8,901.0 10,034.0 13,114.0 Services 6,679.7 7,354.4 7,957.0 9,164.5 10,516.9 11,964.7 13,865.0 16,264.0 18,646.0 21,585.0 26,516.0 Gross Regional Product 42,922.5 45,666.5 50,674.6 62,787.4 79,951.6 88,214.1 98,578.0 118,625.0 141,809.0 177,873.0 223,713.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Souuce, NAnrn,. Table R2.2: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - CENTER (Millions of current baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 12,045.4 13,408.6 16 977 5 24 640.4 28 799.9 31 687.7 35 904.0 39 306.0 44 268.0 47 303.0 57 571.0 Crops 7,306.9 8,780.7 11,729.2 18,496.5 21,001.4 23,335.4 26,686.0 26,979.0 31,001.0 3T1496.0 42:108.0 Livestock 1,777.6 1,784.8 1,822.8 1,960.0 3,240.8 3,312.9 3,506.0 4,837.0 4,637.0 5,677.0 7,192.0 Fisheries 2,132.7 2,196.2 2,691.3 3,484.1 3,578.1 4,174.7 4,813.0 6,563.0 7,247.0 6,874.0 6,335.0 Forestry 828.2 646.9 734.1 699.9 979.6 864.7 899.0 927.0 1,383.0 3,256.0 1,936.0 Noa rlculture 23,347.2 25,860.8 28,736.6 35 991.9 47 332.3 52 331.8 63 609.0 77 693.0 92 266.0 108 150.0 134 361.0 Mining & quarrying 896.3 970.0 940.0 917.3 1 325.9 1,283.6 1T658.0 2 358.0 2!895.0 4!006.0 4,713.0 Manufacturing 6,131.9 7,380.4 8,290.4 10,607.1 14,827.6 16,645.6 23,559.0 27,821.0 32,124.0 40,203.0 48,465.0 Construction 1,666.5 1,309.7 1,403.5 1,681.8 2,094.3 2,486.5 3,021.0 3,771.0 5,016.0 3,836.0 5,288.0 Electricity & water supply 174.4 527.8 621.6 608.0 683.3 968.8 1,213.0 1,371.0 2,086.0 2,516.0 2,777.0 Transportation & communication 1,305.8 1,274.2 1,429.4 1,554.0 2,060.5 2,485.2 2,832.0 3,169.0 3,560.0 4,480.0 5,399.0 Wholesale & retail trade 8,809.6 9,624.3 0,828.6 14,402.7 18,660.0 19,113.4 20,834.0 26,443.0 30,978.0 34,589.0 43,897.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 495.0 558.0 628.7 841.9 1,302.9 1,557.9 1,721.0 2,356.0 3,176.0 3,716.0 4,923.0 Ownership of dwellings 440.4 461.4 478.8 544.2 665.7 694.7 755.0 813.0 904.0 1,083.0 1,238.0 Public administration & defense 1,172.3 1,321.2 1,422.9 1,705.3 2,208.2 2,719.3 3,019.0 3,127.0 3,734.0 4,104.0 5,365.0 Services 2,252.9 2,433.7 2,692.7 3,129.7 3,504.1 4,377.2 4,997.0 6,464.0 7,793.0 9,617.0 12,296.0 Gross Regional Product 35,392.5 39,269.3 45,714.1 60,632.4 76,132.2 84,019.5 99,513.0 116,999.0 136,534.0 155,453.0 191,932.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table R2.3: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - NORTH (Millions of current baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 8,701.1 9,760.7 12,355.9 18,214.0 21,973.8 23,963.2 26,703.0 25,678.0 31,650-0 35,670-0 40 534 0 Crops 6,876.2 7,437.8 10,101.4 15,336.4 17,723.2 19,432.8 21,640.0 20,433.0 26,531.0 29,115.0 32,858:0 Livestock 845.4 1,118.9 1,228.9 1,342.3 2,399.9 2,693.4 2,966.0 3,778.0 3,271.0 4,132.0 5,367.0 Fisheries 125.8 179.8 80.7 176.6 374.2 314.6 373.0 398.0 482.0 384.0 452.0 Forestry 853.7 1,024.3 944.9 1,358.7 1,476.5 1,522.4 1,724.0 1,069.0 1,366.0 2,039.0 1,857.0 Nonariculture 12,310.9 12,119.7 13,179.7 16,772.0 22,523.1 24,440.4 26,756.0 29,888.0 37 643.0 42 117.0 51 701.0 MinIng a quarrying 337.3 357.7 328.7 352.2 551.0 519.5 668.0 880.0 1 127.0 1 180.0 1 312.0 Manufacturing 1,505.6 1,527.2 1,638.9 1,987.8 3,176.1 3,218.0 3,269.0 3,074.0 3,797.0 4,348.0 5,443.0 Construction 1,035.6 884.0 923.0 1,057.6 1,297.0 1,833.7 2,245.0 2,826.0 4,053.0 3,451.0 4,835.0 Electricity & water supply 1,059.8 946.8 1,059.4 1,246.8 1,307.7 1,440.6 1,502.0 1,754.0 1,500.0 1,875.0 1,715.0 Transportation & comunication 700.9 671.4 903.0 1,319.0 1,413.4 1,846.8 2,133.0 2,448.0 2,850.0 3,594.0 4,311.0 't4.477 !6 4 -4 z6 ;A42R.-n 6 529.1 9.467.4 9.680.2 10.500.0 11,322.0 14,354.0 15,695.0 18,923.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 286.4 416.9 472.4 532.4 766.6 832.8 890.0 1,215.0 1,624.0 1,898.0 2,503.0 Ownership of dwellings 255.0 265.9 272.1 308.7 379.5 390.8 419.0 448.0 518.0 540.0 606.0 Public administration & defense 543.5 607.0 675.1 815.2 1,099.7 1,224.0 1,329.0 1,482.0 2,024.0 2,564.0 3,352.0 Services 2,109.1 2,248.2 2,479.2 2,623.2 3,064.5 3,453.9 3,801.0 4,439.0 5,796.0 6,972.0 8,701.0 Gross Regional Product 21,012.0 21,880.4 25,535.6 34,986.0 44,496.8 48,403.6 53,459.0 55,566.0 69,293.0 77,787.0 92,235.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source. rN-SDB. Table R2.4: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - NORTHEAST (Millions of current baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 10,021.3 10,271.7 11,139.3 16 725.8 19 122.6 21,863.0 23 931.0 24 269.0 29 091.0 35 848.0 42 398.0 Crops 7 7 ,911.0 15,942 17444.0 1 1 23603. 28743.0 3391 Livestock 1,739.9 2,015.0 2,181.8 2,231.0 3,727.4 4,085.9 4,397.0 4,148.0 3,871.0 5,082.0 6,482.0 Fisheries 172.6 170.0 258.2 404.1 634.0 702.2 865.0 568.0 842.0 920.0 1,083.0 Forestry 925.7 789.3 788.3 904.6 1,359.2 1,132.9 1,225.0 1,363.0 775.0 1,103.0 872.0 Nogriculture 10957.1 11 372.3 12 452.0 15 682.0 20,884.6 22 315.7 24,738 0 28,677.0 34,767.0 41 150.0 53,005.0 mning a quarrying 302. 0 328.2 264.6 '542.8 354.6 432. 0 556.0 534.0 568.0 -'160 Manufacturing 1,285.2 1,334.0 1,460.0 1,779.3 2,798.0 2,816.2 2,961.0 3,088.0 4,081.0 4,765.0 6,137.0 Construction 1,601.6 1,579.8 1,556.9 1,753.8 2,257.4 2,544.4 3,071.0 3,828.0 3,993.0 3,860.0 5,738.0 1- Electricity & water supply 59.9 66.0 97.4 148.3 145.2 179.7 212.0 247.0 328.0 365.0 350.0 A Transportation & coumunication 506.9 570.0 708.9 944.4 956.0 1,260.2 1,449.0 1,966.0 2,443.0 3,126.0 3,743.0 Wbblesale & retail trade 4,278.5 4,107.0 4,656.7 6,681.5 9,173.0 8,728.8 9,390.0 10,700.0 13,310.0 15,716.0 19,734.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 146.4 227.4 251.5 303.8 450.1 659.5 740.0 996.0 1,318.0 1,525.0 2,008.0 ownership of dwellings 375.1 396.6 417.9 473.5 546.4 561.1 606.0 664.0 715.0 738.0 857.0 Public administration & defense 717.4 805.5 863.3 1,008.1 1,295.4 1,664.3 1,833.0 1,902.0 1,949.0 3,027.0 3,956.0 Services 1,684.1 1,972.8 2,159.2 2,324.8 2,720.2 3,546.8 4,044.0 4,730.0 6,096.0 7,460.0 9,672.0 Gross Regional Product 20,978.4 21,643.9 23,591.2 32,407.8 40,007.2 44,178.7 48,669.0 52,946.0 63,858.0 76,998.0 95,403.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table R2.5: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - SOUTH (Millions of current baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 7 313.0 6 927.2 8 974.4 13,046.5 14 243.1 15,920.3 17,430.0 20 704-0 23,289.0 27 133 0 32 000.0 Crops 5,018.1 4,166.8 5:764.7 8,838.5 9,535.7 10,352.8 11,078.0 12!58§.6 14,314.0 17,6 20,265.0 Livestock 459.7 538.8 630.3 723.9 1,186.0 1,354.9 1,459.0 1,619.0 1,700.0 2,028.0 2,633.0 Fisheries 1,642.9 1,943.1 2,175.7 2,910.2 2,686.7 3,262.5 3,739.0 4,860.0 4,474.0 4,771.0 4,034.0 Forestry 192.3 278.6 403.7 573.8 834.7 950.1 1,154.0 1,636.0 2,801.0 2,727.0 5,068.0 Nonagriculture 8 441.6 9 219.7 10 136.1 12 683.0 16 537.1 18 079.9 19 986.0 28 190.0 35 169.0 40,996.0 49 647.0 -M-inting -quarrying 1 223.4 2, 110.2 41 6 .0 4,345.0 65 D4.0 6,860.0 7 6 58.0 Manufacturing 825.1 890.4 956.5 1,139.2 1,763.6 1,853.2 1,864.0 2,319.0 3,284.0 3,908.0 4,931.0 Construction 678.2 697.4 744.1 853.7 1,175.8 1,215.4 1,449.0 2,446.0 2,831.0 3,046.0 3,325.0 Electricity & water supply 88.0 73.4 86.0 110.5 98.0 116.7 145.0 174.0 215.0 248.0 253.0 Transportation & communication 624.2 674.0 774.9 1,079.5 1,299.5 1,647.9 1,879.0 1,925.0 2,202.0 2,724.0 3,241.0 Wholesale & retail trade 2,965.8 3,099.9 3,653.4 5,33U.0 6,484.3 6,9i5.6 7,370.0 11,075.0 12,761.0 14,389.0 17,342.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 209.2 280.2 289.1 352.0 542.8 629.9 672.0 900.0 1,204.0 1,512.0 2,010.0 Ownership of dwellings 263.5 279.6 285.5 319.1 376.1 392.0 415.0 465.0 519.0 567.0 653.0 Public administration & defense 379.1 431.7 453.5 550.2 713.3 869.3 938.0 1,043.0 1,335.0 1,894.0 2,476.0 Services 1,185.2 1,470.9 1,556.0 1,625.9 1,973.3 2,535.4 2,838.0 3,498.0 4,764.0 5,848.0 7,258.0 Gross Regional Product 15,754.7 16,146.9 19,110.5 25,729.5 30,780.2 34,000.2 37,416.0 48,894.0 58,458.0 68,129.0 81,647.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table R2.6: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - WHOLE KINGDOM (Millions of current baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 38,493.0 40 786.0 49 919 0 73 233 0 84 735.0 94,063.0 104 657.0 110 929.0 129 094.0 147 076.0 173 806.0 Crops2 28e,084.0 35,960.0 56,443.0 62,229.0 69,666.0 77,509.0 79,069.0 96,180.0 107t983.0 130,372.0 Livestock 4,843.0 5,474.0 5,882.0 6,278.0 10,583.0 11,473.0 12,354.0 14,409.0 13,503.0 16,954.0 21,717.0 Fisheries 4,074.0 4,489.0 5,206.0 6,975.0 7,273.0 8,454.0 9,792.0 12,456.0 13,086.0 13,017.0 11,984.0 Forestry 2,800.0 2,739.0 2,871.0 3,537.0 4,650.0 4,470.0 5,002.0 4,995.0 6,325.0 9,125.0 9,733.0 Nonagriculture 97 5670 103 821.0 114 707 0 143 310.0 186 633.0 204 753.0 232 978.0 282 101.0 340 858.0 409 164.0 511 124.0 Mining & quarrying 2!759.0 2 963.0 2,'886.0 2,857.0 4 530.0 4,'062.0 5 '174.0 8,'139.0 10 610.0 12,614.0 14,493.0 Manufacturing 21,814.0 24,908.0 27,864.0 35,614.0 49,359.0 53,910.0 63,025.0 74,676.0 89,089.0 109,740.0 134,515.0 Construction 8,261.0 7,327.0 7,168.0 8,340.0 10,704.0 12,873.0 15,784.0 20,251.0 24,844.0 29,240.0 39,865.0 Electricity & water supply 1,625.0 1,904.0 2,251.0 2,682.0 2,789.0 3,290.0 3,745.0 4,384.0 5,168.0 6,075.0 6,284.0 Transportation & communication 8,588.0 8,955.0 10,514.0 13,237.0 15,966.0 18,764.0 21,828.0 24,706.0 29,606.0 37,844.0 45,261.0 Wholesale & retail trade 25,903.0 26,269.0 29,881.0 41,071.0 53,964.0 54,681.0 59,391.0 74,931.0 90,053.0 102,853.0 128,731.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 5,626.0 6,251.0 6,922.0 8,797.0 12,835.0 14,559.0 16,075.0 19,537.0 24,624.0 31,396.0 41,891.0 Ownership of dwellings 2,934.0 3,100.0 3,199.0 3,552.0 4,174.0 4,415.0 4,840.0 5,272.0 5,826.0 6,297.0 7,378.0 Public administration & defense 6,146.0 6,664.0 7,178.0 8,292.0 10,533.0 12,321.0 13,571.0 14,810.0 17,943.0 21,623.0 28,263.0 Services 13,911.0 15,480.0 16,844.0 18,868.0 21,779.0 25,878.0 29,545.0 35,395.0 43,095.0 51,482.0 64,443.0 Gross Regional Product 136,060.0 144,607.0 164,626.0 216,543.0 271,368.0 298,816.0 337,635.0 393,030.0 469,952.0 556,240.0 684,930.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. 0%~ Table R2.7: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - BANGKOK (Millions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 671.1 674.7 603.5 610.1 541.1 547.1 458.0 563.0 443.0 553.0 549.0 Crops a650.T -837.T 591. 3W-2. 32IT7 441.0U 5Tr" 4. 3UW7" Livestock 20.4 16.8 17.5 19.1 16.7 16.5 16.0 18.0 13.0 17.0 20.0 Fisheries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 32.0 17.0 27.0 29.0 Forestry 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nona ulture 43,627.1 45,314.2 48,867.3 53,505.6 56,206.1 61 281.7 67,534.0 74,376.0 81 562.0 92 162 0 99,721.0 MAin$n ' quryn 0.0 . .0 0.0 0.0 0.0 O.0 0. 0. .: 0.0 Manufacturing 11,954.1 12,793.6 14,177.5 16,484.5 17,397.1 19,025.1 22,199.0 24,957.0 27,675.0 30,487.0 32,897.0 Construction 3,300.6 2,878.6 2,436.4 2,541.4 2,646.1 3,199.4 3,809.0 4,372.0 4,996.0 7,486.0 8,318.0 Electricity & water supply 234.7 306.3 367.6 420.1 410.9 493.8 589.0 634.0 702.0 751.0 813.0 Transportation & communication 6,106.2 6,113.5 6,791.0 6,974.1 7,546.0 8,257.7 8,248.0 8,837.0 9,839.0 11,013.0 11,581.0 Wholesale & retail trade 5,689.9 5,620.3 6,338.2 6,61i.3 -6,900.3 7,4,0.0 a,1;s.0 9,29S.0 9,806.O 10,S65.0 11,6'6. Banking, insurance & real estate 4,713.1 5,103.5 5,391.5 6,030.6 7,025.6 7,525.0 7,970.0 8,618.0 9,760.0 11,571.0 12,935.0 Ownership of dwellings 1,590.7 1,675.2 1,708.8 1,778.5 1,831.7 1,915.5 1,996.0 2,116.0 2,270.0 2,389.0 2,531.0 Public administration & defense 3,449.8 3,607.3 3,698.4 3,903.1 3,891.5 4,106.2 4,363.0 4,799.0 4,967.0 5,436.0 5,824.0 Services 6,588.0 7,215.9 7,757.9 8,755.2 8,556.7 9,309.0 10,180.0 10,745.0 11,547.0 12,164.0 13,146.0 Gross Regional Product 44,298.3 45,988.9 49,470.8 54,115.7 56,747.2 61,828.8 67,992.0 74,939.0 82,005.0 92,715.0 100,270.0 Note; Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table R2.8: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - CENTER (Millions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 15 042.1 16 278.1 16 905.3 18,926.0 19 798.8 21 829.6 23 324.0 24 236.0 26 568.0 23 605.0 24 264.0 Crops 10,01 1 7 11,3.0 1 1,631. 13T. 14,219.1 15,797.6 17.122.0 16!467.0 18537.0 1 9.0 17!129.0 Livestock 1,697.9 1,737.2 1,785.0 1,917.9 2,051.8 2,189.0 2,211.0 2,577.0 2,937.0 2,837.0 2,838.0 Fisheries 2,409.8 2,363.8 2,631.5 2,814.4 2,735.5 3,077.4 3,282.0 4,479.0 4,376.0 4,124.0 3,543.0 Forestry 919.9 803.7 857.8 679.5 792.5 765.7 709.0 713.0 718.0 1,325.0 754.0 Non cultu 25,061.3 28,006.4 30,803.1 32,919.6 35,033.6 37,486.7 41,526.0 47,429.0 51 473.0 53,789.0 56,897.0 miniLng a quarryi ng L885.1 903.8 838.0 873.9 765.1 1,012.0 1,240.0 1 389-0 1,749.0 1,840.0 Manufacturing 7,858.0 9,048.3 10,156.3 11,347.2 12,355.6 13,284.6 15,228.0 17,868.0 18,969.0 20,619.0 20,825.0 Construction 1,767.3 1,416.9 1,467.1 1,513.4 1,489.6 1,662.6 1,919.0 2,233.0 2,712.0 1,908.0 2,254.0 Electricity & water supply 190.0 513.8 662.6 761.2 850.6 1,046.9 1,241.0 1,334.0 1,855.0 2,159.0 2,536.0 Transportation & cow_unication 1,210.0 1,259.4 1,377.2 1,379.4 1,537.6 1,650.5 1,609.0 1,731.0 1,880.0 1,905.0 2,075.0 Wholesale & retail trade 8,838.2 9,970.4 10,998.6 11,199.9 11,880.1 12,538.9 13,567.0 14,985.0 15,612.0 15,378.0 16,383.0 Banking, Insurance & real estate 448.7 525.7 573.3 652.9 801.9 884.7 938.0 1,251.0 1,581.0 1,708.0 1,909.0 Ownershlp of dwellings 438.7 454.5 481.2 485.6 509.5 517.1 524.0 534.0 564.0 661.0 686.0 Public administration & defense 1,181.9 1,354.1 1,411.6 1,551.7 1,592.0 1,773.3 1,896.0 1,970.0 2,067.0 2,184.0 2,341.0 Services 2,363.3 2,578.1 2,771.5 3,190.3 3,142.8 3,363.2 3,592.0 4,283.0 4,844.0 5,518.0 6,048.0 Gross Regional Product 40,103.5 44,284.5 47,708.4 51,845.6 54,832.4 59,316.3 64,850.0 71,665.0 78,041.0 77,394.0 81,161.0 Note: Totals nay not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table R2.9: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - NORTH (Millions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 12.493.8 12 735 2 11 636.8 13 470.4 13 725.2 14 382.6 15 591.0 14 285.0 16 635 0 16 687 0 16 138.0 Crops 10,583.8 10 230. 1 9 407.5 10 947.6 11 0986 -0T 151. 1 607.0 11 340-0 13 13:818 .0 0 13217.0 Livestock 902.0 1,185.3 1,236.9 1,327.1 1,407.1 1,604.7 1,698.0 2,159.0 2,066.0 2,191.0 2,231.0 Fisheries 159.1 209.8 85.2 144.1 265.2 209.5 212.0 192.0 194.0 150.0 163.0 Yorestry 848.9 1,109.4 907.2 1,051.7 955.0 1,053.7 1,074.0 594.0 557.0 711.0 527.0 _fwaFriculture 13,029.1 12,624.3 12,895.6 13,842.0 15,427.5 15,929.1 17,206.0 17,840.0 20,096.0 21 232.0 22,053.0 MinIng & quarrying 18KI '451.6 411.7 '4068 40.1 -384.5 42Z.0 493-0 618.0 683.0 --671.0 Manufacturing 1,307.8 1,235.8 1,247.5 1,282.0 1,599.1 1,520.4 1,786.0 1,778.0 1,907.0 2,2Z3.0 2,201.0 Construction 1,246.4 1,056.9 1,005.4 960.3 934.5 1,214.8 1,424.0 1,674.0 2,193.0 1,719.0 2,060.0 Electricity & water supply 1,053.9 915.5 1,028.8 1,180.0 1,269.9 1,344.0 1,459.0 1,768.0 1,482.0 1,732.0 1,632.0 ~ Transportation & conmunication 742.1 726.1 887.0 1,143.4 1,119.7 1,321.7 1,345.0 1,456.0 1,635.0 1,721.0 1,877.0 w Wholesale & retail trade 4,670.2 4,398.8 4,290.5 4,691.1 5,587.8 5,764.4 6,188.0 5,807.0 6,461.0 6,647.0 6,636.0 U.enki., insurance & real estate 311.5 457.4 473.8 439.4 504.1 495.3 520.0 681.0 843.0 905.0 1,012.0 Ownership of dwellings 274.7 278.3 282.7 286.8 302.8 304.1 308.0 308.0 324.0 330.0 342.0 Public administration & defense 632.7 699.5 709.0 762.0 816.1 805.0 848.0 921.0 1,105.0 1,346.0 1,442.0 Services 2,380.5 2,404.5 2,559.3 2,690.0 2,833.3 2,774.9 2,906.0 2,954.0 3,528.0 3,926.0 4,180.0 Gross Regional Product 25,523.0 25,359.6 24 532.4 27,312.3 29,152.7 30,311.7 32,797.0 32,125.0 36,731.0 37,919.0 38,191.0 Note: Totals nay not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table R2.10: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - NORTHEAST (Millions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 12 351.2 12 624.5 12 059.3 14 032.3 14,076.2 15 501.7 16,259.0 15 017.0 17 057.0 18,533.0 19 493.0 Crops 9 61.5 9,792.4 9 W065.8 10 887.3 Tr,47T 11 662.1 12,303.0 15,017.0 16,015.0 Livestock 1,713.6 1,910.5 2,048.9 2,168.4 2,316.6 2,574.6 2,672.0 2,457.0 2,416.0 2,779.0 2,802.0 Fisheries 183.7 162.7 242.1 295.8 434.4 450.2 492.0 273.0 340.0 360.0 391.0 Forestry 834.4 758.8 702.5 680.8 895.6 814.9 792.0 819.0 338.0 377.0 285.0 Nonagriculture 11,908.2 11,881.4 12,640.1 13,600.8 15,481.8 15,655.9 16,921.0 17,891.0 19,637.0 21 457.0 23,501.0 Mining & quarrying 3 329.5 308.5 280.1 307.3 256.2 26.0 3.0 Manufacturing 1,422.9 1,350.1 1,455.1 1,571.3 2,020.8 1,945.8 2,190.0 2,258.0 2,558.0 3,002.0 3,066.0 Construction 1,654.1 1,590.4 1,494.0 1,469.0 1,571.4 1,661.5 1,951.0 2,268.0 2,152.0 1,919.0 2,484.0 Electricity & water supply 59.4 63.2 95.2 142.1 145.2 170.3 207.0 239.0 280.0 315.0 339.0 Transportation & communication 566.7 651.3 769.7 927.7 928.6 1,110.1 1,029.0 1,327.0 1,595.0 1,668.0 1,823.0 Wholesale & retail trade 4,514.4 4,272.1 4,684.4 5,220.3 6,159.6 6,031.0 6,530.0 6,194.0 6,732.0 7,425.0 8,000.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 129.9 200.9 212.8 220.8 273.1 369.0 406.0 534.0 649.0 684.0 765.0 Ownership of dwellings 417.2 421.2 438.4 463.9 493.4 500.5 512.0 536.0 547.0 550.0 570.0 Public administration & defense 814.3 887.5 908.6 986.4 .1,055.3 1,124.6 1,198.0 1,222.0 1,304.0 1,643.0 1,760.0 Services 2,017.1 2,115.3 2,273.3 2,319.3 2,527.0 2,487.0 2,622.0 2,979.0 3,527.0 3,954.0 4,329.0 Gross Regional Product 24,259.5 24,505.9 24,699.4 27,633.1 29,558.0 31,157.6 33,180.0 32,908.0 36,694.0 39,990.0 42,994.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESOB. Table R2.1i: UKOSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - SOUTH (Millions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 7,773.7 8,224.5 8,714.1 9,198.3 8,820.7 9,819.9 10,266.0 11,436.0 11,810.0 12,030.0 12,340.0 Cropa~~~~~~~~~~ 4675. 4 4,897.6 5,269.7 5,781.0 5,478.8 6,'134.2 6,540.0 7,'006.0 6,8.52. 7,20 73I0 Crops 4:654 7 3 .I0~ ~- # 7-34. 7-38 Livestock 698.1 760.2 793.7 846.5 906.9 992.2 1,025.0 891.0 1,083.0 1,107.0 1,120.0 Fisheries 2,210.4 2,269.7 2,247.2 2,105.8 1,860.9 1,996.9 1,911.0 2,523.0 2,487.0 2,620.0 2,150.0 Forestry 189.8 297.1 403.5 465.0 574.0 696.7 790.0 1,016.0 1,388.0 979.0 1,752.0 Nonagriculture 8 134.4 8,724.7 9,500.9 10,041.1 10 839.1 11,079.7 12 140.0 14 100.0 15 816.0 16 859.0 17 896.0 Mining & quarrying 1,068.4 1,189.8 1,262.1 1,158.1 1 ,276.7 1,079.3 1196.0 1i4590 1 804.0 1,802.0 1 904. Manufacturing 777.2 774.2 827.7 838.0 1,030.4 1,011.2 1,126.0 1,210.0 1,412.0 1,510.0 1,608.0 Construction 736.6 746.1 765.1 737.0 817.3 775.7 919.0 1,449.0 1,530.0 1,515.0 1,460.0 Electricity & water supply 99.9 80.3 96.7 122.6 109.2 126.0 146.0 169.0 181.0 221.0 240.0 Transportation & communication 570.0 622.7 689.1 895.4 977.1 1,105.1 1,135.0 1,123.0 1,256.0 1,356.0 1,455.0 Wholesale & retail trade 2,811.4 2,927.5 3,369.3 3,666.4 3,721.0 3,989.7 4,356.0 4,929.0 5,047.0 5,182.0 5,532.0 Banking, insurance & real estate 202.8 271.5 270.7 272.3 339.3 355.0 374.0 490.0 610.0 714.0 798.0 Ownership ot dwellings 278.8 276.8 287.8 298.2 315.6 317.8 324.0 329.0 347.0 359.0 373.0 Public administration & defense 397.3 444.6 450.4 488.8 511.1 549.9 588.0 643.0 723.0 985.0 1,056.0 Services 1,192.0 1,391.2 1,481.9 1,564.3 1,741.2 1,770.0 1,976.0 2,299.0 2,906.0 3,215.0 3,470.0 Gross Regional Product 15,908.0 16,949.2 18,215.1 19,239.4 19,659.9 20,899.6 22,406.0 25,536.0 27,626.0 28,889.0 30,236.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. Table R2.12: GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT - WHOLE KINGDOM (Millions of 1972 baht) 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 Agriculture 48 332.0 50 537.0 49 919.0 56 237 0 56 962.0 62 081.0 65 898.0 65,537.0 72,513.0 71,408.0 72,784.0 -C-rops R,3TrX4 36 952.1 15,'960.0 41,'721.0 7 5 45 635.0 -49,01-. 469 940 53,583.0 51,804.0 4,179.0 Livestock 5,032.0 5,610.0 5,882.0 6,279.0 6,699.0 7,377.0 7,622.0 8,102.0 8,515.0 8,931.0 9,011.0 Fisheries 4,963.0 5,006.0 5,206.0 5,360.0 5,296.0 5,734.0 5,898.0 7,499.0 7,414.0 7,281.0 6,276.0 Forestry 2,793.0 2,969.0 2,871.0 2,877.0 3,217.0 3,331.0 3,365.0 3,142.0 3,001.0 3,392.0 3,318.0 Nonagriculture 101 760.0 106 551.0 114 707.0 123 909 0 132 988 0 141 433.0 155 327.0 171 636 0 188 584.0 205 499.0 220 068.0 n ll Hig rying !F562855.0 I2 4859.0 4 ,5.0 71. Manufacturing 23,320.0 25,202.0 27,864.0 31,523.0 34,403.0 36,787.0 42,529.0 48,071.0 52,521.0 57,841.0 60,597.0 Construction 8,705.0 7,689.0 7,168.0 7,221.0 7,459.0 8,514.0 10,022.0 11,996.0 13,583.0 14,547.0 16,576.0 Electricity & water supply 1,638.0 1,879.0 2,251.0 2,626.0 2,786.0 3,181.0 3,642.0 4,144.0 4,500.0 5,178.0 5,560.0 Transportation & comunication 9,195.0 9,373.0 10,514.0 11,320.0 12,109.0 13,445.0 13,366.0 14,474.0 16,205.0 17,663.0 18,811.0 Wholesale & retail trade 26,524.0 27,189.0 29,881.0 31,396.0 34,249.0 35,774.0 38,821.0 41,213.0 43,658.0 45,497.0 48,227.0 F Banking, insurance & real estate 5,806.0 6,559.0 6,922.0 7,616.0 8,944.0 9,629.0 10,208.0 11,574.0 13,443.0 15,582.0 17,419.0 9 Ownership of dwellings 3,000.0 3,106.0 3,199.0 3,313.0 3,453.0 3,555.0 3,664.0 3,823.0 '4,052.0 4,289.0 4,502.0 Public administration & defense 6,476.0 6,993.0 7,178.0 7,692.0 7,866.0 8,359.0 8,893.0 9,555.0 10,166.0 11,594.0 12,423.0 Services 14,541.0 15,705.0 16,844.0 18,519.0 18,801.0 19,704.0 21,276.0 23,260.0 26,352.0 28,777.0 31,173.0 Gross Regional Product 150,092.0 157,088.0 164,626.0 180,146.0 189,950.0 203,514.0 221,225.0 237,173.0 261,097.0 276,907.0 292,852.0 Note: Totals may not add because of rounding. Source: NESDB. C 9 I I , * o [ ~ ~~ ... .. .. ............. 044. .. a .. n ..... f... .. ... ... .. ocfa. a O. r . DI . .0 . . . . 7 . . . wj O 00 o * * [gO , ,s. OOh °§". 4- 5; ° . n 3lltF ~ -u *woW e-~ I, s rN Ia a> us; '- - b_ - o a 4' . 0Jw °F- swsY.,oN>"t W t g 0 be °a*|SN ~ N*_e * *1F D h s * a .40 4-04-0 tt4- .40. . . . . . . . . 0 . s~~~~ ~ ~ rl *1 F x t*|***9**@ e lF2"*FDrF° e F r0 rrF ' a,!Fr r-* F0 FrPFF FFF 3 - 004 F 4. e F-50 , 0j 4 ow4. g w0 pF, - a o o. cp w- O 400 ~" e^Za ; _ .4;""___s I ^_ - o! - - ° - Fw : * 40 ..w0gs4 . 440 44js " ? ogrSj -l & SPoc-Ja? e^ 4,4- ? w4a. OaIoc Is a.4444. 4441440 0? u. a . o4-4-wa aol … 0 04 OCa a__ a -4404! ~ zn1.4 w 04,40.404 o _ O 4 _… a4444.44 -0044 4 r 4-_0_ w4 44 4 n 444.4 .40.4- w4 *^ _-1o;00..0 4-4 -e _4 4 o _o S,4_;0 _44, _0*4 -4 0' c4-.444aWV O. 4-1440440403w4.44-_pa 0 414 4- …a _- _,1_4040^_ w ___.0 w e-o4.eI40 4414404-00 c-8oat 4.4- ~~S a" .4aa4-0 4 aao.e4-4 0444-04-- 0 . 040 0o,4w 444 44 4044- - 1 Table 7.2t ARE4 PIARU, Y3W MD3 MOC1101 Oil MAJOR CROPS, 1959/60-1981/82 WTRTERE REGION 1959/60 1960161 1961/62 1962/63 1963/64 1964/65 1965/66 1966/67 1967/68 1968/69 1969/70 1970/71 1971/72 1972/73 1973/74 1974/75 1975/76 1976/77 1977/18 1978/79 1979/80 1980/t1 1981/82 Anea FlMntdL (000 Med) ramy 7,050 7,081 7,39 7,673 7.906 8,775 8,714 9,446 9,085 9,569 10,030 9,980 9,203 9,471 11,496 10.390 12,004 10,795 11,952 13,212 12.485 12,901 - R,,ber _- - - - - - - - - - - _ Maine 308 399 535 732 1,248 1,616 1,749 1,873 2,329 2,157 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 3,503 3,624 4,032 3,502 3,757 4.793 5,008 4,658 4.518 8orgb - - - - - 4 46 112 206 100 90 114 314 193 185 701 820 ... 382 545 396 719 - Knef 5 16 65 Is 33 26 33 SO 33 153 n.&. n.e. n.e. n.e. 21 1 3 - 13 11 - - Cos"& 3 7 11 17 19 19 L8 34 32 22 n.e. n... D.A. n.e. 157 92 129 105 134 186 118 213 8urcn 233 197 222 121 125 151 101 120 147 145 n.e. n.a. n... n.e. 144 225 243 439 462 392 369 366 391 T*bene (1Viginie) n.-. n.n. .. .. n.A. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.. n.e. n.. n.-. n.e. n.e. n.. n... n.. n.-. n.-. n.. n.. Cotnut n.S. n... n..e. S. . ..A. B.A. A.M. n.e. U.S. n.S. n.e. .e. D.A. n... n.e. n... n.S. n.e. 150 134 n.e. Cotton 106 115 135 156 236 251 294 333 401 n.e. n.e. n.e. n... n.a. 86 205 77 66 214 138 297 441 397 COnuAenutl 220 199 281 271 248 282 327 638 336 372 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 374 369 329 374 416 360 360 369 - Soybeeae 117 118 127 154 175 186 71 233 373 301 n.e. n.-. n.e. n.e. 669 687 674 558 796 837 567 683 Hung ben 163 172 98 205 S32 303 578 579 563 1,004 992 n.e. n.a. n.S. 1,105 866 736 1,173 2,030 2.019 2,106 2,217 - yield (tg/rel) ;ldy 323 346 345 360 366 252 368 353 301 267 383 408 387 286 347 373 360 381 309 416 351 376 - Rubber - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - meize 253 296 351 331 337 251 258 306 257 283 n.e. n.-. n.e. n.e. 329 333 357 346 244 341 308 354 357 otgbR - - - - - 500 326 339 298 270 267 61 274 326 314 153 183 n.e. 104 202 189 124 - Knef 200 188 169 167 212 192 212 180 212 150 n... n.e. n.e. n.e. 175 152 118 - 128 147 - - Cenmeva 1,333 1,857 1,818 1,412 1,895 1,632 2,000 1,794 1,844 2,227 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 2,268 2,428 2,559 2,594 2,308 2,494 2,270 2.266 8n"rcen 4,657 3,294 5.347 4,372 4,304 4,305 4.119 4,208 3.879 4,331 n.A. n.a. n.e. n.m. 8,456 7,128 6,649 8,146 5,099 5,365 6.247 7,024 8,244 Tobacco (Virginia) n.& n.a. n.e. n. * n.. n.e. n.e. n.e. n... n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.a. n.e. n.-. n... n.e. n.e. n.a. n.e. - - Cocont n.S. n.A. n... n.e. .. n.e. n.. n.e. n.-. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. n.. n.. n.e. n.e. n.e. 344 278 n.e. - - Cotton 123 122 111 109 119 104 122 177 132 n.e. n.e. n.a. n.e. n.e. 149 171 139 136 164 165 180 177 177 otoundonts 193 201 210 207 210 223 217 238 217 226 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 186 213 206 211 164 203 184 206 - Rtybesne 222 186 165 175 160 145 169 129 131 136 n.e. n.S. n... n.e. 135 139 155 182 98 159 151 125 - n -S been. 160 198 194 176 188 181 166 157 156 142 130 n.e. n.e. n.e. 138 146 123 93 76 100 96 98 - Lrod= utinn (000 ton") Ne dy 2.280 2,450 2.554 2,761 2,897 2,213 3.210 3,335 2,738 2,559 3,840 4,070 3,557 2,710 3,984 3,872 4,322 4,111 3,692 5,501 4,385 4,860 - R.bbor - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Keli. 78 118 188 242 421 406 451 574 598 610 n.A. n.e. n.e. n.e. 1,154 1,207 1,441 1,212 917 1,633 1,541 1,648 1,615 Snrgh - - - - - 2 13 38 62 27 24 7 86 63 58 107 150 n.e. 40 110 113 89 - Ke*rf I 3 11 3 7 5 7 9 7 23 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 4 - - - 2 2 - - Coc", 4 13 20 24 36 31 36 61 59 49 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 355 224 330 272 309 463 267 488 Rngar.wn 1,085 1,043 1,187 529 538 650 416 505 578 657 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 1,216 1,604 1,619 3,375 2,355 2,102 2,302 2,572 3,220 tobacco (Virginie) n.a. n.en. n.e . n.e n.s.a. n.a. ... n. n.e. n.e. .e. n.e. n.e. n.. n.e. n.. n.. n.. n.a. n.e. n.e. - - Coconut n... n.e. n.e. n.a n.e. n.e. .. n.e. n.. .. n.e.. n.a. n.a. n.e. n.e. n.&. n.e. n.e. 52 43 n.e. - - Catton 13 14 15 17 28 26 36 59 53 n.e. n.e. n.-. n.e. u.n. 13 35 11 9 35 26 54 78 70 Ground_ets 43 40 38 36 52 63 71 152 73 64 n... n.a. n.e. n.e. 70 79 66 79 68 73 66 76 - Soybeans 26 22 21 27 28 27 12 30 49 41 n.e. n.e. n.e. n.e. 90 95 104 102 78 133 86 86 - Hung ben 26 34 19 36 100 91 96 91 BB 143 129 n.e. n.e. n.e. 153 126 91 109 153 202 203 218 Source, Office of Air-icturat. Econnice, IKILC. Tabl V7.3: ARI PLANT, ELD AND PRODUCTION OF07 QO0 CROPS, 1959/60-1981/82 NODRTHEASTN REION 1959/60 1960/61 1961/62 1962/63 1963/64 1964/65 1965/66 1966/67 1967/60 1966/69 1969/70 1970/71 1971/72 1972/73 1973/74 1974/75 1975/76 1976/77 1977/78 1978/79 1979/80 1980/81 1981/82 AVrnnPlantod (DDO rai) 00 1 15.419 14.556 15,406 17,620 16,970 15.471 15,332 19.630 15.160 17.860 20,240 20.460 .21,471 18.241 22,199 20,633 25,017 23.760 24.794 27.979 29.159 28,372 - Rubber a.&. U.S. 8.8. 8.8. 8.a. t.8. f..t. 8.8. U.a. 8.8. 8.8. U.a. n.8. a... f.a. f.8&. 8.8. 8.8. P... f..8. 8.8. - N.ot" 440 506 329 277 247 253 296 436 524 647 a... n.a. n.a. n.. 1.536 1.874 2,143 2.586 1.860 2,048 2,437 2,267 3,044 8.rgb,n - - - - - 21 29 26 17 13 9 7 6 19 R 13 Ut.S. 24 17 21 30 - SAfW 273 649 1.632 692 925 1,337 2,366 3,243 2,428 1,429 8.-. n... U.&. f... 2,642 2,486 2,007 1,009 1.585 1,962 1,401 1.055 C."8Ad. 26 34 32 39 53 51 79 71 81 57 105 127 211 8... 816 1,185 1,585 2,117 3,021 4,584 3,396 4,335 - S8are. 275 263 229 187 230 296 244 169 149 211 176 n.-. f... n... 91 142 171 314 276 269 301 294 330 Tobacco (Ylrgsntl) n.a. n.8. .8, 8.a. 8.&. 8.8. U.8. U.&. n.8. f.8. 8.8. 8.8. n... n.a. ..a. n... 8.8. n.8. n.a. n.-. 8.8. - - Co8.t U.8. 8.8. 88. a.8. 8.&. 8.8. f.t. n.8. n.8. n.8. f.a. n.8. n.-. 8.8. n.8. n.8. n.8. n.8. 139 148 8.&. - Cotten 161 186 130 130 116 122 122 125 200 n.8. f. .. 8.8. U.S. 8.8. 58 86 83 61 141 140 206 165 203 or Ito 179 208 179 131 161 142 164 170 184 214 .... n.-. f.a. 8... 210 259 227 196 106 142 125 - - 80yb7. 9 5 4 3 3 2 4 5 3 7 f.a. t.8. 8.8. f.*. 10 17 12 62 20 40 28 36 Mu" beam 51 53 33 27 20 24 24 20 35 31 30 n.-. 8.8. 8.8. 28 22 21 35 55 73 75 88 yield (k/rVi) Fe 163 191 182 206 207 152 178 193 155 179 226 240 253 230 209 184 213 197 143 190 194 205 - Rubber U.S. n.8. 8.8. 8... n.a. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. n. a. ... 8.8. n.a. 8.8. 8.8. n.8. 8.8. n.8. n.8. n.8. - 6.1.. 255 304 230 246 261 251 234 254 234 200 8.8. n.a. 8.8. n.8. 297 295 329 288 212 272 276 322 319 8.r6h - - - - - 346 330 343 248 266 167 170 247 298 265 265 n.8. 227 256 143 169 - Irnad 160 208 199 187 221 222 220 200 200 205 U.S. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 173 152 ISt 16Z 154 169 156 197 Case., 1,537 1,780 1,776 1,578 1,755 1,953 2,131 1,788 1.955 1,934 2,438 2.693 2,300 8.&. 1.929 1,970 2,195 2.270 2,146 2,116 2,047 2,207 - 885r.e. 4,405 4,006 3,820 3,724 4.447 4,054 4,038 3,69g 3,975 3,586 8.8. n.8. n.8. U.8. 4,510 6,307 5,947 6,261 4,298 4,806 4,894 7,439 7,539 Tobacco (VItsiU) 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. n.8. 8.8. n.8. 8.&. 8.8. n.8. A.&. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. -.a. . n.a. 8.8. U.8. n.s. 8.&. 8.8. - - Cora st 8.8. a.&. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.&. n.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. n.8. 8.8. n.a. n.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 292 249 8.S. _ - Cott" 129 138 116 113 117 127 130 138 102 8.8. n.8. 8.8. 8.8. n.8. 168 174 169 205 190 167 215 241 209 Groundusts 189 197 197 199 233 226 214 200 176 197 n.a. n.8. 8.8. n.8. 198 165 178 183 158 164 166 164 - SO8boono 178 176 158 163 170 164 154 155 125 91 n.s. n.a. 8.8. U.&. 133 143 116 154 117 140 180 149 1mg beafs 154 167 175 176 162 149 187 153 127 161 146 8.8. 8.&. D.8. 138 142 126 93 93 112 106 113 2,521 2,775 2,809 3,666 3.516 3.302 2,734 3,796 2,350 3.192 4,580 4,920 3.432 4,198 4.638 3,795 5.326 4.686 3.555 5.325 5,661 5,811 - Rubber 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.a. n.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.&. A.8. 8.8. n.8. 8.S. 8.a. n.8. 8.8. n.a. .. 8.8. 8.8. U.8. - VAL" III 154 76 66 64 63 69 111 123 129 a.8. 8.&. 8.S. ..a. 456 553 704 744 394 557 674 730 971 8otgh - - - - - - 7 10 9 A 3 1 1 1 5 2 3 8.8. 5 4 3 5 - Xon f 49 176 324 130 204 297 521 649 485 293 8.8. 8.8. n.a. n.8. 457 379 303 183 243 331 219 206 Conas 40 60 57 61 92 100 167 126 158 109 256 342 485 n.a. 1,574 2,335 3,479 4,822 6,483 9,699 6,952 10,009 80pre4_ 1,211 1,134 873 698 1,022 1,201 986 627 592 757 8.a. n... n4 9994 !.0!6 !:74, 2,187 .,.V labcc. 1V;its ni 8,, 8.. 8.8. 8.. 8.a. U.S. 8.8. 8.8. a.8. a.8. 8.a. n.8. U.S. 8.&. n.8. 8.8. n.8. 8.8. n.8. 8.8. 8.8. C08808. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. ... 8.8. ..a. 8,8 8. 8.8 8.8 8.-. .8. 8... 8.8. A.8. 8.8. n.8. n.8. 40 35 U.S. Cotton 21 26 15 15 14 15 16 17 20 8.&. 8.8. 8.8. 8.a. 8.a. 10 13 14 12 27 23 44 40 43 Groundrut. 32 41 35 26 38 32 35 34 32 42 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 8.8. 42 43 10 36 17 23 21 . 25 R.yb.. 2 1 1 - I - I I - I n.*. 8 * 8.8. 1 2 1 9 2 6 5 5- Nw bnno 8 9 6 5 3 4 4 3 4 5 4 8.8. .8. 8. 4 3 3 3 5 8 8 10 S8.T.. 08fi18c. n ricolt.r8 Reasoning. IonC. - 146 - -. .0 _ 04 N C 0 N 0 n e - e 04 N. - Nu o e- 1G ^ S N~N >G -. _ N _ 4 1 4 G. 0 04 4 G G GC 0i 00 4 ,.00 G G, C4 0a a C _40 C °; I- OW|. a0 lN 0400 a N04c^^ *0404 *|N b ~e. o a ° 0a4N0 Na N11 Cf o_ 104i1; IfWI 1'14 004116 C| 00 0 0c a 1N00{C4 0 .-i .0 0s 0 i $2 D_C {C N N NC OC___NCC - N4 C . 01 C f ,0.CO C 2g a; - N 2404 * l 1444 0 4 ., 10 1N4 N o0{0 04c1N 0 _4O0e 4 - 04 ai N 0 *04v* 04*04 a. Z 5; . i 04 Ii n R0 i0; - 04 - aC 0 34. 0 - 0 , N t l *-414 011444 041010411414404{"tj 04431101 14101|4t-b Table R9.1: CONSUMER PRICE INDEX BY REGIONS /a (1976 * 100) 1982 Weights 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Jan Feb Mar Apr may Jun Jul Aug SFp Oct Nov Dec Whole kingdom 100.0 60.6 63.5 73.4 91.2 96.0 100.0 107.6 116.1 127.6 152.7 172.1 181.1 178.1 178.9 179.9 179.4 181.0 181.6 180.8 180.4 182.4 183.2 184.7 183.2 Bangkok metropolis 35.0 63.9 66.4 74.2 91.5 95.3 100.0 108.4 117.9 130.0 155.9 176.8 186.3 183.2 184.5 185.6 184.4 186.5 186.9 186.1 185.1 186.8 187.9 190.6 188.3 Central 4 east region 23.0 59.1 61.5 72.1 90.8 95.6 100.0 107.0 113.4 125.0 150.2 167.2 175.2 172.7 173.1 174.0 173.8 175.1 175.4 174.3 174.9 177.9 177.9 177.1 176.7 North region 16.0 55.0 59.5 70.8 89.8 96.1 100.0 106.7 115.0 124.1 145.5 162.8 171.5 169.1 169.3 169.3 169.6 171.1 171.8 171.2 170.6 173.7 174.1 174.1 173.6 Northeast region 15.0 63.8 66.9 76.8 93.6 97.7 100.0 105.7 114.0 123.3 149.9 169.1 178.2 172.9 172.6 174.9 175.6 176.3 177.9 179.2 179.8 181.5 183.3 183.0 181.4 South region 11.0 57.6 60.1 72.3 88.9 96.2 100.0 106.0 113.6 125.2 148.7 164.4 173.0 170.8 171.4 171.8 172.6 173.3 173.7 171.8 172.8 173.9 173.8 175.3 175.0 /a Weights and aelocted items are derived from a socioeconomic aurvey conducted only in urban areas in 1975/76. Subindices are compiled for each region separately and are weighted by munici- pal popalation to arrive at the overall Index for the Kingdom. Source: Department of Business Economics, Ministry of Commerce.