East Asia and Pacific - Wastewater to energy processes : a technical note for utility managers in EAP countries (Vol. 2) : Annexes (English)

The study is divided into three main sections. Section one presents the results of a comprehensive desk review describing the problem of utilities dealing with high operation costs in wastewater treatment plants, the link between energy consumption and... See More + The study is divided into three main sections. Section one presents the results of a comprehensive desk review describing the problem of utilities dealing with high operation costs in wastewater treatment plants, the link between energy consumption and the type of technology used for treatment, and the potential for energy generation. Section two summarizes the findings from a series of case studies presenting a wide range of wastewater to energy options that could be considered in developing countries, paying particular attention to the characteristics of EAP countries. Section two also includes a simple assessment tool developed in spreadsheet format. This tool allows a quick preliminary quantification of OPEX-related implications of wastewater-to-energy facilities, as well as preliminary design of its major components. The CAPEX estimation and combined life cycle assessment remain up to the user, since they depend on a multitude of local factors that defy simple generalizations. Finally, section III draws conclusions from the previous sections to identify existing constraints that need to be addressed and factors that need to be in place when considering investments in energy generation at wastewater treatment plant, or WWTPs. For a copy of this report please contact Victor Vazquez at vvazquez@worldbank.org.  See Less -