93069 SAFANSI South Asia Food & Nutrition Security Initiative 2013-2014 Annual Report and Work Program 1 © 2014 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org All rights reserved. This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. 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The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. 2 Contents South Asia Food & Nutrition Security Initiative ............................................................ 1 Abbreviations and Acronyms ...................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................... 8 Overview of the SAFANSI Program .............................................................................. 9 SUNITA: a Special Focus on Nepal ............................................................................................................... 9 Generating National Dialogue and Action .............................................................. 11 Women and Nutrition .................................................................................................. 15 Using Cash Cards to Incentivize Families to Make Better Nutrition Choices in Bangladesh (TF099422) .......................................................................................................................................................15 Enhancing the knowledge and awareness of critical factors that promote food and nutrition security among women’s groups in South Asia (TF015348) ...................................................................................16 Focusing on the First 1,000 Days in Bhutan (TF012082) .........................................................................18 Promoting Breastfeeding in India (TF013556)............................................................................................19 Gender Equality and Social Inclusion for Food and Nutrition Security Nepal (TF015361) ...............19 How Communities Manage Food and Nutrition ...................................................... 21 Using a Social Observatory to Monitor Community Food and Nutrition Security in India (TF011993) .......................................................................................................................................................21 Addressing Nutritional Needs in Bihar, India (TF012081) .......................................................................21 Community Managed FNS Initiatives in India (TF012676)......................................................................23 Mobilizing Communities to Address Nutrition and Promote Good Health in Nepal (TF013868)....23 Community Based Behavior Change for Nutrition in Nepal (TF012285) ..............................................24 Creating Tools for Practitioners .................................................................................. 26 A Multi-sectoral Simulation Tool (MST) for Scaling Up Nutrition (TF098429) ...................................26 Using Political Economy Analysis to address Food and Nutrition Security (TF010794).....................27 Agriculture and Food and Nutrition Security ............................................................ 30 Improving Agricultural Productivity through Farmer Field Schools in Bangladesh (TF016677) .......30 Foodgrains Storage and Trade Policy in India (TF014636).......................................................................30 Improving Food Security in Tribal Areas in India (TF012122) ................................................................31 Strengthening Agricultural Education and Policy Making in India (TF014041) ....................................31 3 Agriculture and Food Security in Nepal (TF016678) .................................................................................32 Agricultural Extension and Nutrition through ICT (TF014901) .............................................................32 Appendix 1: Update of Active SAFANSI Grants by Country: Reporting Period 1 April 2013—31 March 2014......................................................................................... 34 Afghanistan .......................................................................................................................................................34 Bangladesh ........................................................................................................................................................34 India ...................................................................................................................................................................36 Nepal..................................................................................................................................................................42 Pakistan..............................................................................................................................................................46 Regional .............................................................................................................................................................47 Sri Lanka............................................................................................................................................................51 Appendix 2: SAFANSI-funded Activities ................................................................... 53 Pipeline/Work Program .............................................................................................. 59 SAFANSI Dashboard .................................................................................................... 60 Results Framework ...................................................................................................... 62 4 Abbreviations and Acronyms AES Agriculture and Environmental ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Services Research APRIGP Andhra Pradesh Rural Inclusive IYCF Infant and Young Child Feeding Growth Project MIS Management Information Systems AusAID Australian Aid MST Multisectoral Simulation Tool BCC Behavioral Change Communication NAAS National Academy of Agriculture BE Bank Executed Science BEES Business, Enterprise and Employment NLSS Nepal Living Standards Survey Support for Women in South Asia PEA Political Economy Analysis BMGF Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation PRMPR Poverty Reduction and Equity BNNC Bangladesh National Nutrition RAT Rapid Assessment Tool Council RE Recipient Executed BPNI Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India RRNI Rapid Results for Nutrition Initiatives CNCC Community Managed Nutrition and SAR South Asia Region Care Centers SASDA South Asia Sustainable CMHN Community Managed Health and Development and Agriculture Nutrition SASDL South Asia Sustainable Development DECIE Development Research Group and Livelihoods Impact Evaluation SASDS South Asia Sustainable Development DECPI Development Research Group and Social Poverty and Inequality SASEP South Asia Economic Policy and DFAT Department of Foreign Affairs and Poverty Trade (Australia) SASHN South Asia Health Nutrition and DfID Department for International Population Development (UK) SASSP South Asia Social Protection EU European Union SERP Society for the Advancement of FFS Farmer Field Schools Rural Poverty FNS Food and Nutrition Security SHD Sunaula Hazar Din (Nepal) GOI Government of India SHD-CANP Sunaula Hazar Din Community Action for Nutrition Project IAPP Integrated Agricultural Productivity Project SUNITA Scaling Up Nutrition Initiative Technical Assistance 5 SO Social Observatory USAID United States Agency for International Development TA Technical Assistance UNICEF United Nation’s Children Fund TTL Task Team Leader WFP World Food Program TWISA Transport, Water, Information and Communication Technology Water and Sanitation South Asia 6 A worker plucking green chilies from Thabul-pind vegetable fields, Pakistan. Credit: Visual News Associates/World Bank Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. 7 Executive Summary Since SAFANSI was first formed in 2010, it has financed 53 activities, of which 21 are complete and 32 are underway. Looking back at the portfolio since its inception, one can see a trend. We started at the national, and even the international, level undertaking analyses and engaging governments on food and nutrition security issues. The high-level dialogue has yielded results with a Nutrition Action Framework in Afghanistan supported by five key ministries; food and nutrition data and priorities incorporated into Bangladesh’s current Five Year Plan; a multi-sector food security and nutrition report produced as a joint effort by the Nepal National Planning Commission, the Central Bureau of Statistics, WFP, UNICEF, DfID, Australian DFAT, EU, and the World Bank; and the development of an Integrated Nutrition Strategy for Pakistan. We have added in more focused work on nutrition at the community and household levels. There are several studies on women’s agency and the impact of food and nutrition security, and there are now studies on how agriculture can better impact nutrition. We are also financing more rigorous impact evaluations to understand the efficacy of ongoing programs and innovative pilots. The pipeline of activities that are seeking funding from future phases of SAFANSI looks even more innovative, with what appears to be a gradual trend from Bank-executed analysis to recipient executed innovation and piloting. This annual report reviews SAFANSI’s work at the national level, the community level, the focus on women, activities in agriculture. It also highlights tools for practitioners that have been created and can be used now by the development community and client governments. Now that we have a critical mass of materials that have been created, we are financing programmatic knowledge management and communications that will identify trends in SAFANSI program findings and better disseminate SAFANSI products to maximize impact. 8 Overview of the SAFANSI Program The South Asia Food and Nutrition Security Initiative (SAFANSI) was established in 2010 to address the South Asian Enigma—how chronic malnutrition remains intractable despite high economic growth—by fostering the crosscutting actions that will lead to measurable improvements in food and nutrition security. 1 Over the last 4 years, SAFANSI has been enabling stakeholder platforms that can operationalize cross-sectoral action and enable more effective domestic stewardship of the food and nutrition security agenda. The ultimate objective of SAFANSI has been to increase the commitment of governments and development partners to more effective and integrated food and nutrition-related policies and investments. SAFANSI’s strategy focuses on 3 pillars: Analysis Advocacy Capacity Building •Improved evidence •Improving awareness of •Strengthening regional and analysis on the most FNS-related challenges, and in-country policy effective ways to and advocacy for and programming achieve FNS outcomes action amongst relevant capacity to achieve FNS in SAR stakeholders outcomes SUNITA: a Special Focus on Nepal Nepal’s Scaling Up Nutrition Initiative Technical Assistance (SUNITA) fund is a window of the SAFANSI Trust Fund started at the suggestion of Government of Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT). 2 Activities financed by SUNITA complement SAFANSI’s efforts to provide technical support in the form of analytical work, evaluations of interventions and technical assistance to target actions that effectively address gaps in nutrition interventions. SUNITA is financing a number of tasks that are adding to the breadth of research and technical assistance in Nepal. These activities include: • A review of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF), which has been completed; • The development of a toolkit for defining determinants of malnutrition at district level, which has recently shared and discussed this tool-kit and recommendations with relevant stakeholders, including the National Planning Commission; 1SAFANSI is a multi-donor trust fund financed by DFID and administered by the World Bank. As Trustee and Administrator, the World Bank is responsible for program development, implementation, and monitoring & evaluation. 2 Formerly Australian Agency for International Development (AUSAID) 9 • Consultant support for the implementation of nutrition tasks is currently in progress and aiming to sensitize the Bank’s portfolio; • A district level nutrition survey covering the baseline is planned and a subsequent impact evaluation for the Sunaula Hazar Din is in progress; • A phase wise training of social mobilizers, elaboration of training materials, backstopping of social mobilizers and elaboration of semi-annual newsletter for Sunaulo Hazar Din is also planned; • The Rapid Results Institute, an international organization, which has developed the Rapid Results Initiative, supported the pilot in four different Wards in Sunaulo Hazar Din; a completion report is available in which lessons learned inform the project’s Operational Manual and have indicated that such community-driven initiatives, given the right support, can yield desired results; • A review of a FNS Thematic report, which is based primarily on the findings of the Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS) 2010/11, which covered 5,988 households and included anthropometric data collected from approximately 2,500 preschool children under 60 months of age. Though most of these activities have ended, the remaining activities in Nepal will be financed by the main SAFANSI regional windows. 10 Generating National Dialogue and Action Generating national dialogue is often one of the first and most important ways to engage citizens and policy makers about critical issues that will result in actionable change. SAFANSI has used several strategies to fight social stigma and bad behavior as it relates to food and nutrition through initiatives across 7 countries in South Asia. Bringing problem-solvers and beneficiaries together promotes sustainable solutions, as detailed in current initiatives below. In Afghanistan (TF098874), SAFANSI has supported a High-Level Task Force on Food and Nutrition Security to build national commitment and capacity for planning. Over the last year, the program completed an extensive Nutrition Action Framework with the support of 5 key ministries: • Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock • Commerce and Industry • Education • Public Health • Rural Rehabilitation and Development It has been essential for the policy-makers to deliver an effective national campaign to deal with food and nutrition insecurity. Using an evidence-based, multisectoral approach, the program has done this through the lens of equity related to gender, poverty and geographic location. Additionally, six short knowledge reports were successfully produced to disseminate new knowledge about scaling up multi-sectoral collaboration to combat malnutrition. The reports focused on enhancing skills for infant and young children in villages and raising nutrition awareness for young women, which also addressed women’s empowerment issues. Additionally, a rapid assessment of iron and folic acid during pregnancy was conducted. The reports look at innovative pilot programs across various Ministries and specifically how they translate into policy solutions with the potential for scale-up. Specifically, two reports offer unique suggestions for improving nutrition awareness in areas where it is lacking by working with Ministries that currently have minimal work focusing directly on nutrition. The “Baby Friendly Village” pilot program was intended to promote appropriate infant feeding practices not only among mothers, but also among their broader community and social support networks, especially among their mothers- in-law and husbands. For this intervention, Care for Afghan Families received a South Asia Development Marketplace for Nutrition award from the World Bank and its development partners. Afghanistan has high rates of malnutrition and a high infant mortality rate of 77/1000 births. Infant and young child feeding practices are a key determinant of malnutrition in Afghanistan, and thus far, relatively little attention has been given to this issue. This report was prepared to inform the scaling 11 up of infant and young child feeding through the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan’s Basic Package of Health Services. SAFANSI financed technical expertise to the Government of Bangladesh (TF016363) on current patterns of nutrition, anticipated trends in food supply and demand (and the stresses to food security), and the current state of farm-nonfarm linkages to boost rural incomes to enhance the country’s agriculture and rural development strategy. The updated findings have been incorporated into the Bangladesh’s current Five Year Plan and should be included into subsequent plans and the ongoing National Food Policy Plan of Action 2008-2015. Six background papers are being written to address the issues that are currently preventing the agriculture sector from being productive. Additionally, lags in agriculture commercialization, and changing agricultural production patterns and the structural changes in rural households are affecting nutrition are addressed. The reports also address how rural incomes (and thereby access to food) are changing or constrained. Building this dialogue relies heavily on an effective engagement and communication strategy. A series of seminars and workshops addressing issues from the six papers have been conducted, and several workshops have been scheduled for the coming year. In Nepal (TF098873), SAFANSI has used multiple approaches to address food and nutrition insecurity as it relates to gender, social exclusion (caste, religion), poverty, and geographic location. The program has focused on building national commitment to address the issues though: • Gaining commitment through government and development partners • Strengthening national capacity and programming • Building evidence, analysis and awareness of food and nutrition security This activity has been successfully implemented via several discrete activities under the overarching objective. Not only did the project successfully help establish a Secretariat at the National Planning Commission (NPC) to address a multi-sector nutrition plan in partnership with the WFP and UNICEF, but it also developed a strategic communication and advocacy plan that was incorporated into the larger communication plan for the NPC. Through another SUNITA initiative (TF010274), as part of the Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS), 5988 households were surveyed across Nepal, providing information on nutrition—in particular, the height, weight and age of all children 59 months or younger. Data was also collected on breastfeeding practices, all as part of the anthropometry module in the survey. From this data, a thematic report on multi-sector food security and nutrition has been produced as a joint effort by the National Planning Commission, the Central Bureau of Statistics, WFP, UNICEF, DfID, Australian DFAT, EU, and the World Bank. The report was completed, published and shared with all relevant stakeholders and represents a comprehensive and reliable source of information on the status of national and regional food security and the nutritional status of the population. Additionally, another project (TF014834) has been preparing training materials, work plans, and methodology to train social mobilizers and coaches in a results-based community driven approach to reducing malnutrition. The outputs of this work were manuals for coaches and social mobilizers, 12 various nutrition focus area-specific notes, posters, and reporting templates for coaches and supervisors. These outputs are being used for the training of coaches and supervisors involved in Sunaula Hazar Din-Community Action for Nutrition Project implemented by the Ministry of Federal affairs and Local Development and financed by the World Bank. This training of coaches and supervisors provides them with the skills and knowledge to facilitate selected communities to undertake a demand driven approach to bring about behavior and attitudinal changes in order to address malnutrition (in their respective communities). The outcomes relating to behavior and attitude change will be assessed by an impact evaluation built in the project. The below photo shows an event launch for one of the nutrition initiatives in a community outside Kathmandu. Another study (TF015218) has provided small area estimates of food security and nutrition indicators at the sub-district level across Nepal. Specifically, the study estimates (prevalence, gap and severity) for undernourishment, measured by caloric intake; and food poverty , measured by the monetary value of consumption intake expressed in local prices. All SUNITA activities have successfully supported, as envisaged, the development and implementation of the Nepal Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Plan, which is the cornerstone for enabling the country to address the problem of persisting malnutrition. This support has ranged from supporting the Nutrition Secretariat at the National Planning Commission, including enabling it to carry out certain critical pieces of work—e.g., a capacity assessment, and communication and advocacy strategy. The all-important, Food and Security Thematic Report, provides the evidence base of the situation in the country, while the review of Infant and Young Child Feeding Program indicates to program planners of the gaps in both design and implementation. Further, more detailed work on profiling the determinants of malnutrition in different districts with the help of a tool-kit, and an estimate of sub-district measures of food insecurity and food poverty will help to contextualize and plan specific interventions at the decentralized levels in order to achieve the desired outcome (reduced malnutrition), which is now the most important level to influence results, however equally challenging too. Finally the technical support being provided to the SHD project which supports community-level interventions to support the critical first 1000 days continues to be important to demonstrate a different way of addressing the problem. Pakistan (TF012245) is also addressing the most effective ways to achieve food and nutrition security, with a particular focus on equity related to gender, poverty and geographic location. In July 2011, the Government of Pakistan devolved primary responsibility for food security to the provinces along with responsibility for many other sectors. In 2012, SAFANSI began a program to increase Government commitment to nutrition across a broad range of sectors in the provinces. The work focuses on targeted population subgroups, specifically women and female children, due to the 13 high burden of morbidity and mortality due to malnutrition. The increased Government commitment is not empirically measured, but it can be observed by statements from senior officials at the federal and provincial levels. SAFANSI has also provided a framework for development partners and government to orient their investments. Policy guidance notes are a key result and are guiding the provinces in developing their inter-sectoral nutrition strategies. This has introduced greater rigor and better use of evidence in the nutrition planning process in the provinces with a multi-sectoral approach. Four provinces have drafted a policy note (one for each province) that contributed to an Integrated Nutrition Strategy for the country. This Strategy will serve as a guide for the implementation of a multi-sectoral response to address malnutrition in the province. Thus far, Sindh province’s strategy has been approved, and the remaining provinces have final drafts pending approval. Building on a successful program in Latin America, SAFANSI worked with planners to develop footage and a video that would be relevant and appropriately showcase the problems associated with the misalignment of nutrition and health indicators in the country. It targets behavioral change and communications programs for parents, health workers, and grassroots nutrition workers. 14 Women and Nutrition Since at least 1994, gender inequity has been well recognized as perhaps the strongest driver of malnutrition in South Asia, and yet it remains a key challenge to be overcome. Women play a crucial role in areas of food, health, care and are also responsible for a substantial portion of global food production. However in South Asia, women typically tend to have weaker control over household resources, tighter time constraints, less access to information and health services, and lower self- esteem. Their lack of power and choice in the household impairs their abilities to make decisions about their children’s health, nutrition and education, and also prevents them from accessing the services they need to protect their own health, nutrition and survival. This, in turn, affects their children’s birth weights and growth, as well as the kind of care they receive. Seventeen SAFANSI activities have looked at the links between gender and malnutrition, and the ways in which women can be empowered to be catalysts for change. Furthermore, SAFANSI will continue to focus its South Asia Gender and Nutrition Mapping to target adolescent girls and mothers in order to break down the complex layers by which gender impacts trans-generational nutrition pathways. Nutrient deficiencies suffered in utero are exacerbated by the low age of first pregnancy in the region. This linkage will be used to leverage gender’s strategic position in the complex FNS equation for the improvement of nutrition indicators in many SAFANSI/Bank activities. Using Cash Cards to Incentivize Families to Make Better Nutrition Choices in Bangladesh (TF099422) By making financial assistance contingent upon a beneficiary’s actions, a conditional cash transfer program has the ability to catalyze change in a community quickly. Incentivizing participants to do things such as enroll their children in school, or attending counseling and knowledge sharing sessions to educate parents and caregivers about the benefits of balanced diet, is what has made this pilot successful. SAFANSI is has been assessing the Bangladesh conditional cash transfer pilot program in order to improve its design and implementation. The goal was to assess value and impact on the socioeconomic conditions of the beneficiary families, food security, and how the additional income is allocated among Cash cards education, food, and other expenses. The program has been delivering funds bi-monthly through an electronic cash card issued by the Bangladesh Post Office. In the last year of the project, payments amounting to $1.9 million had been made to over 14,000 beneficiary families complying with co-responsibilities. 15 The impact evaluation suggests beneficiary households on average had a significant increase of 11% in their monthly food consumption. Moreover, beneficiary households were found to spend significantly more on consumption of proteins—meat, eggs, dairy, fish and pulses—particularly for households participating in the nutrition program, compared to non-beneficiary households. Under the Shombhob CCT pilot for example, the beneficiary was considered to be the household, although it was the mother (or primary caregiver) who was the prime recipient of services. The pilot was able to have a positive impact in improving the welfare of extremely poor households as well as household A woman accepting payment at a CCT facility consumption patterns towards more proteins, given it is the usually the wife and/or mother who is responsible for making these decisions. Mothers were motivated to see their child improve and grow by implementing the nutrition knowledge and practices they learned about and through regular growth monitoring, and with cash transfers received in the mother's account, the woman's role in decision-making for the family was that much stronger. While not necessarily evident from the impact evaluation, anecdotal evidence (including focus group discussions that were carried out with beneficiaries) suggests that the perception of women and children in the household saw a shift as they were now considered assets given their role was now linked to positive monetary benefits. Many beneficiary mothers reported that their husbands were very supportive of their attendance in the program and would actively encourage their participation. Bangladesh has always recognized the role of the woman in improving or changing household behavior and the pilot has served to strengthen and reinforce the policy dialogue on the importance of social and economic empowerment of women for long term human development. The Government of Bangladesh has since requested the World Bank for an operation that would scale up the pilot with nutrition interventions. Results from the pilot are expected to be disseminated with policymakers and other stakeholders over the coming months. Enhancing the knowledge and awareness of critical factors that promote food and nutrition security among women’s groups in South Asia (TF015348) The Business Enterprise and Employment Support for Women in South Asia (“BEES Network”) uses grassroots organizations and stakeholders at the policy making, implementation and technical levels to achieve this goal. SAFANSI is working to through this network to better understand the 16 food and nutrition security issues of particularly marginalized populations and to maximize innovations and learning across the region. The project aims at consolidating the learnings from individual member experiences, understanding through consultations and a gap analysis, food and nutrition security interventions that need to be achieved and further supported. Helping the BEES Network access stakeholders and reach communities to achieve results has ensured development and customization of nutritional messages according to specific nutritional challenges in communities. In Bangladesh, SAFANSI studied populations that had a history of low nutritional status and are below poverty line or are considered ultra-poor to understand: • Existing community food security • Food habits and dietary intake by 24 hour recall method • Local practices at achieving food and nutrition security that can be strengthened In one example, the Manusher Jonno Foundation (MJF) established 22 rice banks in 7 unions of the Chittagong Hill Tracts to overcome the seasonal food shortages. MJF provided the initial investment to purchase 10 tons of rice while the communities provided materials for the silos and labor. MJF and the community jointly developed the guidelines for operating these banks. The rice is distributed to poor cultivators in the lean period every year and is recovered during harvest. An interest rate is charged to account for loss and damage. Rice stored in the bank is treated as a revolving fund. Every family who receive rice during the lean period has to return 20 additional kilograms during harvest. As a result, over 32,000 kg of rice has been earned as interest. The extra rice is used to meet maintenance costs incurred in operating the grain bank. These banks have been spreading to neighboring communities and the government has acknowledged it as a successful instrument in fighting poverty among the Jumia people. Some management committees now want to extend activities and provide essential items such as dal (lentils), edible oil and sugar. Enabling these banks to become economic models ensuring nutrition security at low rates is the logical next step in making the initiative sustainable. Findings from the Bangladesh GAP Analysis show that the region lags behind the rest of the country. Progress towards better food security and nutrition will require a combination of policies and programs that together improve household food security, a healthy environment, access to basic health and social services, and care for children and mothers. If interventions are to have their intended goals they must be sensitive to the special needs and problems of this region, including the unique socio-cultural characteristics of each ethnic group and the difficulties in delivering services to a remote and widely dispersed population. 17 Community rice banks keep a widow out of debt Mayarani Chakma is a widow with no wealth who lives in Shamukchhari village with her only son. Her husband died of Malaria two years ago, and she incurred debt to pay for his funeral and to meet living expenses. She was deprived from all government support due to widows in her situation and faced a dire situation. However, Mayarani was able to access and borrow rice from a community rice bank. She borrowed 15 units of rice, from which she sold several, and kept the rest. From the money she saved, she invested in and is now cultivating rice in 3 acres of rented land. She has paid off her loan and continues to support herself and family independent of debt. Focusing on the First 1,000 Days in Bhutan (TF012082) Creating awareness of malnutrition with policymakers is critical to improving the quality of life for generations of people in Bhutan. Nutrition critically impacts the first 1,000 days of life of a child— from inception, through pregnancy and the first 24 months after birth. SAFANSI conducted a multi-sectoral assessment in Bhutan to address the key determinants of under-nutrition in the country, and take stock of current programs and what is still not being addressed. Additionally, the assessment reviewed institutional and implementation arrangements in public and private sectors to address under-nutrition. Recommendations were to develop a multi-sectoral nutrition plan of action under the direction of the Nutritional Core Committee, with full sectoral involvement that includes capacity development of personnel, organizations, and systems to address low birth weight, stunting and poor food choices during time of fasting. The program has also advocated for significant incorporation of public nutrition into national policy for the country. The program’s interim policy note was able to feed into the country's eleventh five-year plan as well as the new government's electoral agenda. As a result, nutrition was a key focus area in the eleventh plan and also in the manifesto of the new government. The eleventh plan indicators include specific 18 ones on nutrition, particularly on stunting, and the new government has also listed commitments on achieving results on the nutrition front. Promoting Breastfeeding in India (TF013556) The prevalence of child under-nutrition in South Asia is very high. With iron deficiency in under- fives ranging from 55% and 81% in Bhutan, India, Nepal and Bangladesh, and sub-clinical Vitamin A deficiency in children under six years ranging between 28% and 57%, South Asia is also home to persistently high levels of micronutrient deficiencies (iron, vitamin A and iodine). India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Despite rising household incomes, undernutrition continues Afghanistan, and Nepal are to be high, even amongst the richest quintiles (e.g. 26% of among the 36 countries in children in the highest wealth quintiles in India, 26% in the world that account for Pakistan and 30% in Bangladesh are underweight). One of 90% of the global child the explanations for this Asian Enigma is its association with malnutrition burden. women’s overall status, as well as their nutritional status throughout their lives, from childhood through adolescence and adulthood, early marriage, and early and frequent childbirths. Besides food insecurity, the other important drivers of malnutrition in South Asia are: i) inadequate water and sanitation coverage, ii) gender inequality, and iii) inadequate childcare. Optimal infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) remain very critical to childcare. Optimal IYCF practices, especially breastfeeding, play a significant role in reducing diarrhea, pneumonia and thus stunting, as well as in preventing child undernutrition and deaths from neonatal infections, diarrhea and pneumonia. IYCF practices in South Asia remain far from satisfactory, and action to strengthen policy and program support to enhance optimum IYCF practices across South Asian countries is both urgent and important. This task supports the Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India (BPNI) in their effort to highlight gaps in policy, programs and investments to enhance breastfeeding rates. It also aims to engage various sectors of the government, policy makers, funding agencies and civil society groups from South Asia countries and build their capacities to mainstream IYCF in the national agendas. Gender Equality and Social Inclusion for Food and Nutrition Security Nepal (TF015361) In conjunction with two World Bank activities requested by the government of Nepal, this activity leverages the work of two projects: (i) Nepal Agriculture and Food Security Project, and (ii) the Community Action for Nutrition Project. The goal of this work is to support the development and incorporation of gender-aware, and culturally appropriate behavioral change communication (BCC) messages to improve the effectiveness of food and nutrition security projects in Nepal. Since the summer of 2013, the programs have been incorporating greater gender sensitivity in developing behavior change messages for nutrition, as well as incorporating gender sensitivity into the Ministry of Agriculture’s policies and programming. 19 In particular, local input has allowed the messaging to be relevant to the local context, bringing the voice of the beneficiaries to the forefront of the design of the IYCF messaging. Second, the research would contribute an understanding of knowledge and beliefs, attitudes and practices that prevail with regard to care Stimulating Donor Collaboration practices and decision-making for different The USAID-funded SUAAHARA Project member of the household including fathers and plans to conduct formative research on mother-in-laws, across the major ethnic and caste nutrition related behaviors that will groups in two major regions of Nepal. The supplement the SAFANSI work in two ways: research also captures the perspective and possible • It will focus on socially-excluded groups; roles of pharmacists and vendors, health care and workers, and media in improving the nutritional • It will allow for adaptable practices. The evidence gathered will lead to communication tools using participatory designing of BCC messages that are most effective methodologies. in actually resulting in change in practices, rather than mere increasing awareness, among individuals linked to caring for mother and child during this critical stage. Such knowledge and associated “social marketing” strategies will be used, not only in better designing the interventions and implementation strategies for current projects, but also in the design of future FNS projects or even projects outside of the sector operating in those areas. Third, the development of a sector level results framework could catalyze the inclusion of gender and social inclusion early in the project cycle of future investments in a concrete, sustained, and measurable way. This exercise will help the government better assess level of gender and social inclusion in agriculture and nutrition sector projects, so that it can better prioritize and allocate resources to operationalize the findings of the extensive existing background work. For instance, the study will identify measures to mainstream GESI in agriculture specific policies (such as seed, fertilizer, subsidy and marketing), to understand gender differentiated division of labor for selected agricultural subsectors, and to improve access to production resources and inputs of women and members from marginalized groups, among others. The tool will also help managers to better design future projects with the ability to track performance on gender and social inclusion. For the tool to be used and valuable, the process has involved understanding the needs and value-add of this exercise, while working closely with the government and other development partners. The consultation and dissemination activities would develop capacity at these ministries that will impact future projects in Nepal. 20 How Communities Manage Food and Nutrition Using a Social Observatory to Monitor Community Food and Nutrition Security in India (TF011993) In India, SAFANSI is working with many communities with the goal of improving food and nutrition indicators across the country using The Social Observatory is an integrated and gender-smart solutions. integrated learning system The project is creating a Social Observatory (SO) incorporating various monitoring and within the largest rural livelihoods project ever evaluation tools to measure change, implemented in the world, in order to change the assess the effectiveness of the culture of project monitoring and evaluation by project, and pinpoint design and more scientific techniques, the principle of open implementation challenges. data access, and attention to processes of change. This enables the identification of which pathways to food and nutrition work, and which pathways are most effective. Over the last year, 11 impact evaluations that examine how different elements of the UNICEF framework contribute to improved FNS outcomes have been designed, and baseline surveys are complete for 5 impact evaluations. Additionally, Management Information Systems (MIS) are being set up for two FNS focused interventions. Seven research projects have helped to identify current learning needs, define an appropriate case study or quick turnaround survey, and then implement interventions based on these. Addressing Nutritional Needs in Bihar, India (TF012081) The World Bank’s Regional Assistance Strategy (RAS) for nutrition, 2010-2015 identified a study of nutrition sensitive actions in multiple sectors in one geographical area as one of the key approaches to improve nutrition in South Asia. In this context, the state of Bihar in India has been chosen as the geographical focus area for experimenting with multisectoral approaches in nutrition, and to explore the possibility for mainstreaming food and nutrition initiatives across sectors. The SAFANSI work being done in Bihar has addressed effectively mainstreaming nutrition sensitive actions across multiple sectors and program platforms to enhance their food and nutrition security impact. This has demonstrated improved nutritional outcomes in specified geographical areas through incorporation of nutrition actions in World Bank operations across Rural Livelihoods, Local Government (Panchayati Raj Institutions) and Water and Sanitation sectors. The objective is being measured through improved food and nutrition indicators in three Bank operations of 21 different sectors in Bihar: (i) the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project, which is ongoing with development of the design of Multisectoral Nutrition Convergence Pilot within it and its roll out; (ii) the Bihar Panchayat Strengthening Project; and (iii) the Rural Water and Sanitation Project for Low Income States. Over the last year the SAFANSI work in Bihar has been able to accomplish the incorporation of nutrition sensitive interventions in the three World Bank Sectoral Projects mentioned above. Of these, two were new projects, which were under development and provided an opportunity to engage with in its early stages of formulation in order to provide technical inputs and support to incorporate nutrition actions within them. The ongoing Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project developed the design of the Multisectoral Nutrition Convergence Model with technical support from the World Bank. An external evaluation of this model is under finalization. The specific SAFANSI inputs in the Multisectoral Nutrition Convergence pilot of the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project includes technical support to develop the design of the pilot as well as support the implementation of the pilot during the feasibility phase. In addition, technical support is provided for developing Training Modules and Training of Trainers related to the pilot and in the development of the Kitchen Garden module within the Food and Nutrition Security Component. The Multisectoral Nutrition Convergence pilot being implemented in the feasibility phase has the potential to be scaled up not only within the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project but also provides the opportunity to implement this model in other states. As a key part of this project, poor and vulnerable women are not just beneficiaries of the nutrition sensitive interventions but agents of change in their community. The project provides support to women through information sharing and awareness building, develops their capacity, and strengthens their voice and role in decision-making. It also facilitates women’s access to resources and services so that they can meet their own nutrition and health needs as well as for their families and community. An external evaluation of the Multisectoral Convergence Model is planned which will not only assess the outcomes and impact of nutrition sensitive interventions on nutrition outcomes, but would also include the impact on women’s empowerment through this model. A map of Bihar and the districts covered by the Projects is shown above. 22 Community Managed FNS Initiatives in India (TF012676) SAFANSI continues to support an effort to enhance institutional capacity of rural livelihood projects for effective planning, designing, implementation and monitoring of food security and nutrition initiatives. A project addressing community managed FNS initiatives in high poverty states has been working with the Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP) in Andhra Pradesh, with a team of consultants and community professionals to provide training, capacity building and hand holding support to State Rural Livelihoods Missions to the states of Bihar and Madhya Pradesh. A bio-metric based MIS pilot for Community Managed Nutrition and Care Centers (CNCCs) in Bihar has been successfully completed, and the project also informed the design of a new generation nutrition operation via Andhra Pradesh Rural Inclusive Growth Project (APRIGP), which aims to link agriculture livelihoods to household level nutrition security. A paper comparing the CMHN approach with other national and international experiences, particularly Oportunidades (Mexico) and Familia Bolsa (Brazil), was developed to document lessons from integration of social protection programs with nutrition outcomes and inform the project design. Impressively, a strategic partnership has been developed with Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) and Sir Dorabji Tata Trust and allied Trusts to enhance community capacity for accessing health and nutrition services and establish effective linkages with agriculture and nutritionally relevant food enterprises. The project has also developed a typology of 30 such initiatives, such as those focusing on behavior change communication, community monitoring of CMHN activities, capacity building of frontline workers and nutrition diversification. Typology helps to understand various community lead and driven sanitation approaches in India to help learn, design and implement similar approaches in community driven rural livelihood programs supported by State Governments and the Bank and is the first attempt to put this information at one place. This typology has been used by various programs being implemented by state governments and civil society organizations to learn and draw lessons for design and implementation. These cases will also be presented at a workshop on Community Driven approaches for achieving nutrition outcomes to be organized later in 2014. Mobilizing Communities to Address Nutrition and Promote Good Health in Nepal (TF013868) SAFANSI, through its SUNITA program, is measuring the effectiveness of the Nepal Sunaula Hazar Din Community Action for Nutrition Project (SHD-CANP) and exploring which mechanisms contribute to its success. The baseline survey was completed in early 2014, as was the results framework along with the delivery of subsequent coaches training to 23 over 290 people. The coaches were trained with specific instructions on how to perform the coaching so that the impact evaluation design was followed. Throughout the training many visual examples were used to promote good behaviors and prevent bad ones. The illustrated images above and below promote the importance of frequent breastfeeding, as well as reducing pregnant women’s exposure to smoke. Community Based Behavior Change for Nutrition in Nepal (TF012285) In another effort via the SUNITA funding mechanism, a project introduced a multi-sectoral, results- based community mobilization approach in favor of improved nutrition, with the expectation that the lessons learned would inform the government's Operational Manual for the best approach identified to address improved nutrition. The operations manual for the Sunaula Hazar Din- Community Action for Nutrition Project, which has been prepared by the government, envisions a multisectoral approach. Additionally, the effort aims to sensitize communities and build the readiness to engage in the program both at the local level and Government level. The project completed piloting the Rapid Results for Nutrition Initiatives (RRNIs) in four communities during the 100-day pilot cycle. Before the project, the team reported that many women would hide their early-term pregnancies and would be expected to eat “least and last” in their households. Many men also would smoke and or drink while their wives were pregnant. As a result of this project team members say that women are now open about their pregnancies and visit the health post and female health volunteers earlier and more regularly. Both women and men have had a significant attitude change towards the diets of pregnant women, ensuring that the women are able A mother helping her young son eat his daily egg 24 to eat nutritiously and on time. In some households, husbands have even taken on a bigger share of the physical labor that is usually assigned to women during their pregnancies. Additionally, more households are now voluntarily spending more money on other sources of animal protein, such as fish, meat or milk for pregnant mothers. This project has facilitated the process of changing social norms and values. Now, instead of hiding pregnancies, women are open about their condition and get better access to better food. The RRN initiatives, which will now be rolled out in a phased manner in 15 districts under the project, will enable individual Wards to undertake more than one 100-day plan, and thereby support that community to address the malnutrition problem. The project has resulted in a massive scale-up of these initiatives and now involves over 800 of new initiatives as of the beginning of June 2014. As of the beginning of June 2014, 800 of these community-driven initiatives have started in 10 districts, the total value of which is approximately USD 1.2 million equivalent. The results of the pilot program mentioned in the report were also endorsed by the team members, and a separate impact evaluation study will further inform the project by doing an independent assessment of the scale up of community-driven initiatives, which is ongoing. 25 Creating Tools for Practitioners SAFANSI has taken a multi-sector approach to address food and nutrition security in South Asia that includes the development of a robust tool that takes into consideration multiple, specific factors in a particular location, and builds an appropriate solution that is targeted, and straightforward to implement. As opposed to developing a solution that only addresses one issue in one sector, the tools developed address what vector and behavioral changes are needed and provides a “roadmap” to target specific solutions. This approach has yielded great success as it has been applied, and now is being scaled and made available to other stakeholders. Several examples of these tools are below. A Multi-sectoral Simulation Tool (MST) for Scaling Up Nutrition (TF098429) SAFANSI’s Multisectoral Simulation Tool (MST) helps countries understand how different types of interventions at varying scales are likely to affect the impact on nutritional outcomes and the cost of reaching their goals. It can also be easily adapted to fit the particular circumstances facing a country or district. It is based on the UNICEF framework that highlights the importance of having adequate food, health and care. Most documents and strategic documents written about malnutrition problem highlight the difficulties associated with malnutrition being a multisectoral A web-based version of the MST problem; however, they do not really offer any has allowed local planning particular solution to the problem or any way to officials and experts to offer manage the inherent complexities. guidance on improving the design and implementation of programs The MST produces products, like high-level maps, that and to identify critical activities, allow one to “see the forest”. It showcases the knowledge gaps, and the highest relationship between health status and nutritional status payoffs to filling those gaps. and that the effect goes in both directions. It can also show dependencies, such as the outcome of births on the initial conditions associated with the drivers of nutritional and health status. The map also identifies some specific interventions that, depending on their program effectiveness and scale, would be expected to affect nutritional status directly or indirectly acting through health status. The goal of this tool is get the information into the hands of government decision-makers to address FNS. Each country, indeed each district, starts from different initial conditions and this, coupled with the fact that nutrition is a multisectoral problem, makes the problem complex. The multisectoral simulation tool represents an attempt to help countries manage that complexity. The real innovation of this tool lies within the interactive features available. One can unfurl the logic for a better understanding of lower level models, and can run simulations to capture the behavior of models. Below is an example of the tool, showing the high-level map of the system, using the same input-output outcome classification in work that is already used related to results. 26 Bangladesh was chosen as the initial country in which this work would be undertaken because of the presence of the Bangladesh Nutrition Council and the initiation of the REACH initiative. The work on the MST has complemented the efforts made by those two entities. The program’s extension to other countries in South Asia should be considered. The previous leadership of the Bangladesh National Nutrition Services program had expressed interest in using the MST for its planning and monitoring of the country's nutrition program, but over the last 6 months, there have been at least 3 changes in the leadership of the Unit. As a result, the tool is yet to be operationalized. Going forward, the World Bank team is planning to engage the new leadership to discuss how the tool can be operationalized during the second half of the project. Using Political Economy Analysis to address Food and Nutrition Security (TF010794) The importance of the interaction of political and economic processes in a society is critical to build a responsive, legitimate and resilient nation. 3 The relationships created between the state, market forces and civil society are all important factors in this development process. Over the last several years SAFANSI developed an applied political economy framework to better understand and promote FNS programs and initiatives across the seven countries in the South Asian region. This framework has provided a deeper understanding of the politics of FNS at various stages of the policy cycle, including: agenda setting, policy design, policy adoption (e.g. informal bargaining, legislation, etc.) and policy implementation. 3 http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/democraticgovernance/oslo_governance_centre/analysis_and_learning/political_economy analysis.html 27 SAFANSI is, in fact, a political economy approach to gradually enhancing the commitment of governments and Development Partners to more effective FNS programs. Most of SAFANSI’s activities are intended to either influence policymakers or the way in which they receive information on the FNS issue, with the eventual aim of affecting the way in which these policy makers allocate resources for FNS programs. Political economy engagements in the form of a consensual dialogue with the governments, ministries and development partners in each South Asian country have narrowed and enhanced the drive of the FNS policy agenda. For example: • Nutrition Assessment and Capacity Building in Bhutan • Supporting Afghanistan’s High Level Task Force on Food and Nutrition Security • Supporting Nepal’s High Level Task Force on Food and Nutrition Security (of National Planning Commission) • Enhancing National Commitment for an Evidence-based and Gender-sensitive Multi- sectoral Response to the Food and Nutrition Security Challenge in Pakistan • Revitalizing Bangladesh National Nutrition Council (BNNC) • Raising the Profile of Nutrition as an Agenda for High Level Policy Makers in Sri Lanka SAFANSI also published a report that was later published in the World Bank HNP Paper series, which promotes the use of political economy analysis (PEA) in advancing more effective food and nutrition policies. The paper reviews the field of applied political economy for the food and nutrition sector, and offers practical guidance on how to conduct political economy analysis to better navigate the policy reform process. It provides SAFANSI, as well as national governments and development partners, to develop more politically feasible strategies for policy reform. The paper proposes that investing in PEA and developing capacity to conduct such analyses can help improve the effectiveness of the policy reform process and achieve better outcomes in the food and nutrition sector in the South Asia region and beyond. The paper offers 3 types of Political Economy Analysis: i. In-depth PEA: The first type of political economy analysis is conducted primarily for background or academic purposes, and does not necessarily lead to specific actions or decisions. They are mainly conducted by researchers with knowledge of the PE literature and training in associated methods. ii. Stakeholder PEA: The second type of political economy analysis is more focused and aims to assist in decision-making and negotiations on a specific policy. This type of analysis may require some training in political economy analysis, but can generally be conducted by a policy analyst with some additional guidance or instruction. iii. Rapid Assessment PEA: The third type of political economy analysis provides a rapid assessment that can be used to measure political commitment for FNS and identify specific opportunities for policy reform. The rapid assessment method proposed in Part III of this paper uses a questionnaire that covers key analytical themes. This rapid analysis can be carried out by an informed policy analyst, without special training. 28 SAFANSI has been able to leverage the “ease of use” of the Rapid Assessment Tool (RAT). This approach is much more accessible to stakeholders; thus scalable. It is easier to collect information from informed responders to capture the current level of commitment to food and nutrition security. It is unique in that it combines stakeholder analysis with metrics of political commitment and reform opportunity. The RAT has three purposes: 1. Assess the current level of political commitment; 2. Assess opportunities to advance food and nutrition security; and 3. Analysis to identify obstacles to achieving the desired goals. The Rapid Assessment Tool can also be adapted to be carried out at the regional and sub-national levels, and can be used with either a group interview session, or with an individual expert. The strength in the tool lies in the ability to easily capture the level of priority given to the issue as well as the political opportunities to advance food and nutrition related policies. Additionally, it can be rapidly administered at specific intervals, generating a measure that can be used for comparisons between countries/states, and over time. For the PEA’s dissemination, a large video conference was held with policymakers and civil society members in the region to launch the product. Attendees provided positive feedback and expressed sincere interest in replicating the model. Several countries have already committed to using the tool to undertake political economy assessments of FNS issues in their respective countries. The PEA is available on the web and as a part of WB Health and Nutrition, Population paper series. 29 Agriculture and Food and Nutrition Security Food security is undoubtedly affected by agricultural intervention, as access to food and eventually more nutritionally dense foods is one of the first steps to creating an environment for improved health outcomes, increased food availability and ultimately caring and feeding patterns. SAFANSI has been addressing FNS issues through targeted agricultural programs over the last four years. Improving Agricultural Productivity through Farmer Field Schools in Bangladesh (TF016677) In Nepal, SAFANSI has been supporting the Integrated Agricultural Productivity Project (IAPP) impact evaluation, which studies the effectiveness of the Farmer Field School (FFS) approach to provide insight into how group members can improve agricultural productivity, ultimately leading to improved food security and nutrition outcomes. It studies: (1) To what extent does the FFS approach promoted by IAPP cause increased technology adoption, increased income, and improved nutritional outcomes (2) What level of adoption is driven from increased subsidies (demonstration farmers) versus knowledge and learning (adoption farmers) (3) What are the differential effects for male versus female group members (4) Do the groups have spillover effects on other farmers who are not members and (5) What are the long versus short run effects of IAPP? Do income effects allow continued adoption of improved crops? SAFANSI supported the IAPP evaluation through funding data collection and analysis of a mid-line survey, as well as the production of an impact evaluation report detailing the effect of IAPP on key nutrition and food security indicators. Foodgrains Storage and Trade Policy in India (TF014636) At the request of the Government of India’s Chief Economic Advisor, the World Bank assessed the efficacy of grain storage and trade policies for wheat in India. The assessment focused on the central issue of price stability for foodgrains and evaluating the implications of alternative policy options for total welfare (broadly defined as the welfare of consumers, producers) and for fiscal costs. The study finds that current policies have been very successful in stabilizing wheat prices, but that the existing trade and storage policies have not been not well coordinated in India. Further, in the absence of clearly defined rules for the release of grains, the storage policy frequently translates into a buy-and-hold strategy, resulting in very large and costly stock build ups. The study developed a sophisticated model to evaluate policy options for a large economy such as India, incorporating the 30 social preference for price stability as a policy objective, with a view to assess current policies and identify more efficient and cost-effective alternatives. An important implication of the findings is that they challenge the general assumption and policy prescription, that free trade is unconditionally the optimal policy even when policy makers are concerned about price volatility. Given a policy preference for relatively stable domestic prices, a combination of trade and storage policy interventions seems preferable for an individual country, even a large country like India. The second major finding is that significant cost reduction could be achieved through a domestic storage policy that relies more on competitive storage principles than the current costly public management structure. A paper has been written and is currently under review for publication in a highly respected economic journal. There will be formal publication of this work via the World Bank’s channels including but not limited to briefing notes, internet press releases, formal publications, meetings and various events, and workshops. Improving Food Security in Tribal Areas in India (TF012122) SAFANSI has been studying the complex dimensions of food security and nutrition in tribal and backward areas of India, in order to inform possible intervention strategies focusing on the livelihoods of the tribal populations. The goal is to strengthen the capacity of governments and communities to deliver effective FNS interventions in tribal and conflict-affected areas. Additionally, this work is specifically aimed to support the Bank-supported National Rural Livelihoods Mission. Thus far, several pilot interventions have been designed and implemented to assessing improvements in nutrition and food security in the tribal areas selected. For example, one of the pilots has used entitlement cards (food rationing cards) to create pull pressure on Government services related to food and nutrition in tribal communities. The project has also conducted a pilot study on hand washing and clean water storage behavior change, as well as a study to support traditional agriculture. Strengthening Agricultural Education and Policy Making in India (TF014041) In addition to the other agricultural initiatives that aim to better serve FNS objectives, SAFANSI has been supporting a knowledge exchange to facilitate the reform of the Agricultural Education System and options for the Food Grain Management/Trade systems. The National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) is planning to compile a proceedings book to be forwarded to the Prime Minister, who has expressed strong support for agricultural research, extension and education reforms. Strong follow up action was promised by the lead agencies involved (State Agricultural Universities and ICAR) with follow up by NAAS. There is also a proposal being prepared for a project to be submitted to the World Bank for consideration of funding to help strengthen the Higher Agricultural Education System in India. 31 Agriculture and Food Security in Nepal (TF016678) Nepal ranks in the top 20 of 197 countries in the latest Climate Change Vulnerability Index. With growing male migration, the burden of dealing with the effects of climate change falls increasingly on women farmers. At the Agriculture Research Centre in Jumla, women farmers are trained in sustainable agricultural technologies that preserve the delicate ecological balance in the mountains of Nepal. Recently commenced, the SAFANSI’s Agriculture and Food Security project aims to study the effectiveness of AFSP’s agricultural initiatives on yield, income and nutritional practices as well as the effect of Behavior Change Communication (BCC) which is designed to increase the demand for nutritious food. Additionally the project will be studying program variations in behavioral change communication messaging. This allows policymakers to understand which delivery methods are more effective at A group of women farmers harvest ginger in the mountains of Jumia, improving crop productivity, livestock Nepal. productivity and feeding practices. Agricultural Extension and Nutrition through ICT (TF014901) SAFANSI has been working in the South Asia Region to develop an approach to incorporate a nutrition dimension into the rural advisory (extension) services in India, specifically through addressing nutrition curricula in selected State Agricultural Universities (SAUs). This has allowed the project to explore opportunities for quick impact on the ground through instructional videos which have been developed with nutritionists and local communities, and disseminated by local organizations. The reach and impact of these videos is promising. State Agriculture Universities in Tamil Nadu and Andra Pradesh in India have done exceptionally well in developing nutritional curriculum. Of those surveyed who are involved in the development process, there is high level of dichotomy between the agricultural extension and the rural nutrition services offered by the social welfare department. The project has identified additional opportunities to link with the recently launched extension system where farmers and women farmers could be given focused nutrition education. This will require developing the capacity of the village extension workers through improved course content that will involve better agriculture-nutrition linkages. A video production company, DigitalGreen, has been engaged and has agreed to work with agreed with JEEVIKA, the World Bank-supported Rural Livelihoods Project in Bihar, to facilitate the production of informational videos to show 32 communities how to be more efficient and increase yields. DigitalGreen has the architecture to disseminate videos thorough smartphones and a YouTube channel; the Bank will also engage a promotional campaign to compliment these promotional activities as is appropriate. Additionally, JEEVIKA has developed a project MIS module, started generating MIS reports and is also commissioning independent evaluation of this initiative. Results from this learning will be shared in the coming year with all development partners including DFID India in a workshop. 33 Appendix 1: Update of Active SAFANSI Grants by Country: Reporting Period 1 April 2013—31 March 2014 Afghanistan SAFANSI TF015365 Grant Visualizing Stunting in Afghanistan: A Call for Concerted Action Grant Name Grant Objective: The Objective of this task will be to develop a visual advocacy tool—thought-provoking videos—to raise the awareness and commitment of Afghanistan policy-makers and the entire population in order to help them shape the country’s response to the problem of chronic under- nutrition. Grant Start Date 08/15/2013 Grant Completion Date 11/30/2014 Activities Update: Project has engaged the Public Nutrition Department in the Ministry of Public Health to develop the script for the video. The process for contracting video production services has commenced. Bangladesh SAFANSI TF016363 Grant Nutrition and Food Security Implications of Rural Growth in Bangladesh 34 Grant Name Grant Objective: Inform the food security and nutrition dimensions of the Government of Bangladesh’s agricultural and rural development strategy and the relevant World Bank operations. Specifically, it will inform the implementation of the current and next Five Year Plans. The analysis will also provide input into the food security components of the Five Year Plans and the ongoing National Food Policy Plan of Action 2008-2015. Grant Start Date 1/12/2014 Grant Completion Date 12/31/2014 Activities Update: Studies on non-farm drivers of rural growth; agricultural productivity and diversity; linking farm and non-farm activities (value chain analysis); and impacts of changing agricultural production on nutrition and future prospects for food security are underway. Data preparation on drivers of agricultural productivity for econometric analysis have been prepared and the market surveys are being completed. SAFANSI TF016677 Grant Impact Evaluation of Bangladesh Integrated Agricultural Productivity Project (IAPP) Grant Name Grant Objective: To study the effectiveness of the Farmer Field School (FFS) approach to provide insight into how group members can improve agricultural productivity, leading to improved food security and nutrition outcomes. Grant Start Date 2/14/2014 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: 35 The grant started in February 2014, so no work had commenced by the end of the reporting period. SAFANSI TF099422 Grant Impact Assessment of Bangladesh CCT Pilot through Local Governments Grant Name Grant Objective: To conduct an assessment of the Bangladesh conditional cash transfer pilot in order to improve the program’s design and implementation. Grant Start Date 3/23/2011 Grant Completion Date 6/30/2014 Activities Update: The endline survey was completed and the impact evaluation report is being finalized. The team has also prepared a qualitative evaluation of the projectt. Findings show little impact on education outcomes but significant impact on some nutrition indicators. Based on the preliminary analysis, the Government of Bangladesh requested a roll-out of the pilot nationwide. The results from both evaluations have been instrumental in the design of a new Conditional Cash Transfer operation (P146520) which will be approved this year and will scale up the pilot from 3 to 28 project locations. Lessons from the pilot, particularly on payment systems, are being used to inform other safety net payment systems in Bangladesh, including the Bank-financed Employment Generation Program for the Poorest (P118701). Lessons from Bangladesh on the use of electronic payments have been disseminated at the recent South-South Learning Forum (Designing and Delivering Social Protection and Labor Systems) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in March 2014. India SAFANSI TF011993 Grant Social Observatory for the NRLM: Food Security and Nutrition Focus Grant Name 36 Grant Objective: To improve food and nutrition indicators in India, through the identification of integrated and gender-smart pathways to improved food and nutrition security. Grant Start Date 3/7/2012 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: All objectives have either been achieved, exceeded, or adapted to suit changing implementation contexts: • 4 rigorous impact evaluations of FNS focused interventions are ongoing (baseline complete); • 3 baselines have been completed and tested for FNS outcomes; • 7 of 12 guidance notes have been prepared and completed related to improved evidence and analysis on the most effective ways to achieve FNS outcomes; • 3 of 4 relevant workshops and advocacy events completed, related to improved awareness of FNS-related challenges, and advocacy for action, amongst relevant stakeholders; • 130 of 200 high-profile senior policy makers and opinion leaders sensitized/ “trained”; • 50 out of 100 planning and follow up meetings for the social observatory with high profile policy makers and academics have been held; and • 8 put of 12 high level project staff trained to independently carry out the activities of the Social Observatory. In particular (i) 11 impact evaluations that examine how different elements of the UNICEF framework contribute to improved FNS outcomes have been designed, and baseline surveys are complete for 5 impact evaluations; (ii) MIS systems are being set up for two FNS focused interventions; (iii) the design qualitative evaluations is complete, and data collection is underway; (iv) 7 action research projects, that support the capacity of projects to identify learning needs, define an appropriate case study or quick turn around survey, and then implement interventions based on these have been supported. 37 SAFANSI TF012081 Grant Multi-sectoral Nutrition Actions in Bihar Grant Name Grant Objective: With the overall objective of effectively mainstreaming nutrition sensitive actions across multiple sectors and program platforms to enhance their food and nutrition security impact, the PDO of this initiative is to demonstrate improved nutritional outcomes in a specified geographical area through incorporation of nutrition actions in World Bank operations across several sectors. Grant Start Date 4/9/2012 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: 1. In the Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project (BRLP), a community level convergence model has been designed for implementation in areas that are common to the BRLP and the Kosi Flood Recovery Project. The model promotes coordination between community groups and local government service providers (nutrition, health and sanitation) for improved nutrition outcomes, in addition to promoting household level food security and behavior change for adoption of appropriate feeding and caring practices, particularly for pregnant/nursing mothers and children under two. Roll-out of the interventions, initially on a pilot scale, will begin soon. 2. The design of nutrition actions within the Bihar Panchayat Strengthening Project was finalized during project preparation. The project has just been declared effective; and implementation will happen alongside project implementation. 3. With respect to the RWSS-LIS (which is proposed for 4 low income states, including Bihar), strong linkages with relevant nutrition and health aspects have been incorporated in the initial design and are reflected in the PAD. The detailed design will be developed as the project preparation proceeds further. SAFANSI TF012122 Grant Improving Food Security in Tribal Areas Grant Name 38 Grant Objective: To strengthen the capacity of government and/or communities to deliver effective food and nutrition security interventions in tribal and conflict- affected areas.The PDO would be achieved by (1) developing the evidence base for and designing pilot interventions to improve food and nutrition security in tribal areas; and (2) implementing the pilots and assessing improvements in nutrition and food security in the areas selected. Grant Start Date 2/13/2012 Grant Completion Date 6/30/2014 Activities Update: Component 1: Analysis of Primary Data completed. Final Report including case studies in progress; Policy Briefs and Guidance Notes in progress. Three notes are envisioned: (1) Study Overview packaged as a dissemination note; (2) Note on the Drivers of Food and Nutrition in Tribal Areas; (3) Note on the Action Steps that NRLM can take to address FNS in Tribal Areas Component 2: Pilot Implementation nearing completion. Field Action Report on Pilot Implementation is in progress and dissemination of final report is being planned. Piloting promising ideas that emerged from initial desk work, including: Pilot on Entitlement Cards to create pull pressure on government services related to food and nutrition (PDS, ICDS, MDM) in tribal communities; pilot on hand washing and clean water storage behaviour change; and a pilot to support traditional agriculture. As the work is in its final stage the endline results, once collected and compiled, will tell the success stories. SAFANSI TF012676 Grant Community Managed Food and Nutrition Security Initiatives in High Poverty States in Grant Name India Grant Objective: To enhance institutional capacity of rural livelihood projects for effective planning, designing, implementation and monitoring of food security 39 and nutrition initiatives Grant Start Date 6/29/2012 Grant Completion Date 12/31/2014 Activities Update: • Four learning notes have been completed • Pilots commenced for Community Managed Food Security and Health and Nutrition Initiatives in two states • Completed 2 briefs on field innovations in the public and civil society sectors on food and nutrition security benefiting from multi-sector interventions SAFANSI TF014636 Grant Foodgrains Storage and Trade Policy Options: Tradeoffs and Implications for Food Grant Name Security in India A Knowledge Development Activity Grant Objective: To assess the efficacy of storage and trade policies, individually and in combination, to promote price stability for foodgrains, and to evaluate the distributional implications on households’ welfare of the implied policy changes. Grant Start Date 4/10/2013 Grant Completion Date 9/30/2014 Activities Update: This grant developed model to evaluate policy options for large economy to assess current policies and identify cost-effective alternatives. A Decision Meeting for the report, chaired by the Country Director for India, took place in April 24. A draft of the report is ready and is being finalized. Preliminary findings and the model structure was presented for feedback at two major public events: (1) a gathering of the top policy makers and researchers in India at the Indian Econometric Society Meeting in Mumbai in December 2013 where it was very well received; and (2) an international conference organized by the Global Development Network, the IMF, and the OCP Policy Center at Rabat in February 2014. This is new model to evaluate policy options for price stabilization in a large country. This is a contribution to the existing literature on the topic 40 as, to the best of our knowledge, such a model has not been used before. SAFANSI TF014901 Grant Agricultural Extension and Nutrition through ICTs Grant Name Grant Objective: To develop an approach to incorporate a nutrition dimension into the rural advisory (extension) services in India, specifically through addressing nutrition curricula in selected State Agricultural Universities (SAUs); and to explore opportunities for quick impact on the ground through instructional videos developed with nutritionists and local communities developed and disseminated by local organizations. Grant Start Date Grant Completion Date 10/30/2014 Activities Update: The target State Agriculture Universities (SAUs) have been selected—Tamil Nadu, Andra Pradesh, and Bihar. A village survey of extension staff revealed a large dichotomy between the agricultural extension service and the rural nutrition services offered by the social welfare department. There appears better scope for incorporating agricultural content in the home economics curriculum; however, there are opportunities with the recently launched extension system where male and female farmers could be given focused nutrition education. This will require developing the capacity of the village extension workers through improved course contents that will involve better agriculture-nutrition linkages. The particiaptory video compont has identified Khijasarai block (in Gaya district) and Alauli (in Khagaria district) in the state of Bihar as the project site and JEEViKA (in Bihar) as the collaborating national program. Digital Green has agreed with JEEVIKA (WB supported Rural Livelihoods Project in Bihar) to collaborate on the particiaptory video production. 41 Nepal SAFANSI TF013868 Grant Nepal Sunaula Hazar Din - Community Action for Nutrition Project Impact Evaluation Grant Name Grant Objective: To measure the effectiveness of the Nepal Sunaula Hazar Din Community Action for Nutrition Project (SHD-CANP, P125359), and explore which mechanisms contribute to its success. Grant Start Date 12/15/2012 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2014 Activities Update: Impact evaluation design has been finalized and the concept note has been approved by the Bank. The baseline survey for impact evaluation has been completed. SAFANSI TF014834 Grant Training of social mobilizers and coaches in a results-based community driven approach Grant Name to reducing malnutrition. Grant Objective: The objective of this assignment is to provide technical assistance to the SHD - Community action for Nutrition Project by (i) preparing training materials including facilitators’ manual for each goal laid out in the project appraisal document, (ii) preparing training work plan outlining the timetable, methodology and resources required and train the social mobilizers and coaches to familiarize them with the rapid results approach of Sunaula Hazar Din project, and (iii) providing backstopping to the social mobilizers and coaches during the period of the project to successfully run nutrition initiatives in the communities supported by the project. 42 Grant Start Date Grant Completion Date 3/31/2014 Activities Update: This task was delayed from what was originally planned due to several reasons, including a lack of budget release by the government in the first year of the project. The consultant firm has now been on board for five months and has completed drafting training materials and methodology of their training work plan; and is expected to complete the first round of training by March31, 2014. Because of the critical nature of this activity and its link to the project, this would need to be supported under the proposed Nutrition Policy Dialogue III. SAFANSI TF015218 Grant Small Area Estimation of food security and nutrition in Nepal Grant Name Grant Objective: The study provided small area estimates (prevalence, gap and severity) at the sub district level to contribute to programing targeting assistance, and formulating evidence based policies, to the most food insecure and malnourished population. Specifically, the study aims to generate small area estimates the following key indicators of food insecurity: undernourishment (measured by kilo calorie intake); and food poverty (measured by the monetary value of consumption intake expressed in local prices). Grant Start Date Grant Completion Date 3/31/2014 Activities Update: The task was a joint effort undertaken by the WFP, World Bank and Central Bureau of Statistics, Nepal. The deliverables were achieved and final report has been produced and is being finalized. 43 SAFANSI TF015361 Grant Gender Equality and Social Inclusion for Food and Nutrition Security in Nepal Grant Name Grant Objective: Support the development and incorporation of gender-aware and culturally appropriate behavioral change communications messages to improve the effectiveness of food and nutrition security projects in Nepal. Grant Start Date 7/8/2013 Grant Completion Date 9/30/2014 Activities Update: Over the last year, the program has been incorporating greater gender sensitivity in developing behavior change messages for nutrition and into the Ministry of Agriculture’s policies and programming. A consulting firm has been competitvely selected; the Situation Analysis and Desk Review are complete as is the Research Protocal. Another consultant has been found to carry out the framework development. SAFANSI Grant TF016678 Grant Name IE of Nepal Agricultural and Food Security Project (AFSP) Grant Objective: To study (1) the effectiveness of AFSP’s agricultural initiatives on yield, income and nutritional practices; (2) the effect of Behavior Change Communication (BCC) which is designed to increase the demand for nutritious food; and (3) program variations in BCC messaging. Grant Start Date 2/3/2014 Grant Completion Date 2/28/2015 Activities Update: 44 This grant was approved 2 months before the end of the reporting period. A consultant has been recruited to commence work. SAFANSI TF098873 Grant Nepal South Asia Food and Nutrition Security Initiative (SAFNSI) Program Grant Name Grant Objective: To build national commitment and capacity for planning and delivering an evidence-based multi-sectoral response to the challenge of food and nutrition insecurity in Nepal, with a particular focus on inequities related to gender, social exclusion (caste, religion), poverty, and geographic location. Grant Start Date 1/10/2011 Grant Completion Date 6/30/2014 Activities Update: The original outputs were combined into a multi-sectoral action plan that includes plans from 5 ministries.The grant (i) established the Secretariat at the National Planning Commission (NPC) to support the implementation of the Multi-Sectoral Nutrition Plan, and direct support financing three experts: a communications officer, a nutrition officer, and a monitoring and evaluation officer; (ii) completed an assessment of capacity for multi-sectoral action for nutrition at the community and local level, done jointly with the Nepal UNICEF Country Office; (iii) completed a strategic communication and advocacy plan, which the Secretariat is incorporating into the communications strategic framework it is preparing; and (iv) completed two papers, one on targeting indicators for food insecure households and the other on targeting indicators for households with malnourished children. Based on the initial papers, the expert review has recommended that it would be useful to do further analysis using alternate indicators of food security, so the work is ongoing. 45 Pakistan SAFANSI TF011848 Grant Child Nutritional Outcomes and Community Based Health Service Provision: Evidence Grant Name from a Randomized Field Experiment in Rural Pakistan Grant Objective: To test whether greater involvement of women in community based health provision can improve child nutritional and health outcomes and to understand the specific pathways through which such improvements are obtained. Grant Start Date 2/13/2012 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: Grant closing date extended to March 2015. Midline data was analyzed, presented to PPAF, and discussed with regional colleagues during the April 2014 msision. The detailed modules fielded at midline have paid off in the quality of diagnostic information available and in looking at the impact of inclusion mandates on health outcomes and behaviors resulting purely from empowerment activities—i.e., before VDP funds have been used to change infrastructure or household income. The overall diagnostic picture is disturbing. The scale of problem is significant and alarming. More than two-thirds of water at source and three-fourths of water held in storage containers was significantly contaminated, but less than 4% of households actually treated their water in any way. Also, 1 in 3 households has no toilet facility at all, so open defacation by children and field defacation is common. Close to one-half of children and one-third of adults walk barefoot in the village. Over 80 percent of households said they used soap, but only two-thirds had any soap in the home. Only one-third reported washing their hands after cleaning a child's bottom and only 18 percent said they washed their hands before feeding children. The team is preparing a full report for discussion with colleagues in the early fall and designing a set of interventions around these key problems. The impact of inclusion mandates on both health outcomes and behaviors was weak; however, we see a strong impact on perceptions about women among the young, and young men in particular. These could have knock-on effects on health—which we will assess at endline in December. 46 SAFANSI TF014344 Grant Long-run Economic Effects of Childhood Nutrition and Health Status in Pakistan Grant Name Grant Objective: To test whether poor nutrition in utero and in early childhood has adverse consequences for adult life labor outcomes and to understand the determinants of childhood malnutrition and the intervening pathways through which effects of early malnutrition may persist through different stages of childhood and adolescence into early adulthood. Grant Start Date 2/15/2013 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: An agreement between 5 partner organizations [PPAF, PIDE, R&D Solutions, SSC, and NRSP] was made on the basis of working collaboratively for more effective and integrated food security and nutrition actions. The team now has a fully integrated panel on child nutrition, etc. from 1986 tp 2010. The team infomally presented findings in April; a more formal presentation is planned for December 2014 in collboration with PPAF and PIDE. Regional SAFANSI TF013549 Grant Strengthening Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Capacity in South Asia Region Grant Name Grant Objective: To enhance government and stakeholder capacity and commitment in the South Asia Region to strengthen policies and programs for Infant and Young Child Feeding, particularly breastfeeding. 47 Grant Start Date 11/26/2012 Grant Completion Date 1/31/2015 Activities Update: The team has successfully engaged with governments and civil society in South Asian countries on Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) issues. The World Breastfeeding Conference 2012 was organized successfully in December 2012 with more than 700 participants representing 83 countries. Following the conference a South Asia Workshop was organized involving 40 participants from 8 South Asian countries, which resulted in the development of draft country action plans to strengthen IYCF practices and programs. The recipient also developed and launched a South Asia Report Card as an advocacy tools for use by SAR countries and organized advocacy meetings in three South Asian countries – Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Nepal. Other project activities are ongoing and are due to be successfully completed soon. Specifically over the last year: • The project successfully developed an Analytical Report on Infant and Young Child Feeding titled, “Are We Doing Enough for Our Babies? Trend analysis in infant and young child feeding policies, programmes and practices in South Asia”, which was used as an effective tool for mobilizing a number of advocacy and media events in four countries – India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Afghanistan. • This report was followed by the launch of a costing study on scaling up breastfeeding/infant and young child feeding interventions titled “The Need to Invest in Babies: A Global Drive for Financial Investment in Children’s Health and Development through universalizing interventions for optimal breastfeeding” on December 10, 2013 by the Deputy Chairperson, Planning Commission, Government of India, along with the Member, Planning Commission, responsible for Nutrition and the Secretary, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India. • Building on the momentum gained through these reports and with the objective of supporting governments operationalize their commitment on the issue, the project initiated the process of strengthening a 4-in-1 training program on IYCF for building capacities of health and nutrition workers on IYCF. Once developed it will be used to train trainers of government and civil society programs. 48 SAFANSI TF013556 Grant Supervision of Grant to Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India Grant Name Grant Objective: To finance supervision of the recipient-executed SAFANSI grant entitled "Strengthening Infant and Young Child Feeding Capacity in SAR" to be implemented by the Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India (BPNI). Grant Start Date 11/9/2012 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: Grant used for administrative support and supervision of TF013549. SAFANSI Grant TF014546 Grant Name Towards understanding the effects of food price policies on food and nutritional security in South Asia Grant Objective: To generate empirical evidence on effects of food price stabilization policies on food and nutritional security, to examine the extent to which markets for food commodities are integrated (regionally and also within countries) and its effects on availability of food, and to use the empirical evidence to draw recommendations for a regional food price stabilization agenda for improved food and nutritional security Grant Start Date 4/8/2013 Grant Completion Date 12/31/2014 Activities Update: 49 The team found that data was not readily available and spent considerable time working with National Statistics Offices and other government departments to assemble the data. This process helped build some capacity for monitoring as the compiled data was then shared with collaborating departments to encourage them to continue building up data in future years. The time series econometric models for measuring market integration are underway and seem to be working well. The GTAP trade models for analyzing regional dimensions of national food policies (component 3) are giving reliable results. Analyses and write-ups are underway. SAFANSI TF015348 Grant Enhancing Knowledge and awareness of critical factors that promote Food and Grant Name Nutrition Security in SAR through women's network groups Grant Objective: To enhance knowledge and awareness of critical factors that promote food and nutrition security among women’s groups in the Business, Enterprise, and Employment Support for Women in South Asia network (aka, BEES), through a network system of learning and capacity outreach. Grant Start Date 8/4/2013 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: All three network partners have undertaken the first set of activities (Gap Analysis and localized nutritional studies). The localized nutrition studies were used to further develop the Gap Analysis reports and rolled into a single comprehensive study by each member. In November 2013, implementing partners shared the preliminary findings of the studies at a regional BEES conference in Lahore, Pakistan. The reports were finalized in February 2014. Each organization has mapped out potential partners for further collaboration and identifed critical areas within their interventions where additional support through knowledge exchanges can be made to strengthen their systems. In March 2014, Manusher Jonno Foundation (MJF) 50 visited Tarayana Foundation in Bhutan to understand their community managed food banks and child nutrition centers. MJF is now adding pilot child care centers to their activities. Viluthu identified war widows as a critical group for FNS interventions. They have introduced training in how to prepare healthy meals, and they have started a social enterprise called Sanjeevi, which sells one-dish meals that are nutritionally balanced and draw on local farm produce for poor households. MJF is developing guidelines, toolkits, and manuals for different stakeholders incorporating replicable lessons from the exposure visit. A detailed proposal for this set of activities was submitted to the Bank in April. Taryanna Foundation has developed communication posters, videos, and manuals for its improved nutrition campaign. Viluthu in Sri Lanka have submitted a plan for grassroots community behavioral change and mobilization, stakeholder workshop and knowledge exchange. In February 2014, this group (including the Rudi Multi-trading Co. run by SEWA) was selected to present that the IFPRI international workshop on Resilience and Nutrition (scheduled for May 2014). The presentations were well received, and there are plans for a SAFANSI dissemination event to coincide with World Food Day in New Delhi in October. Following the IFPRI conference, Viluthu was asked to present their activities to the 5 ministries in Sri Lanka with responsibility for food and nutrition security. Sri Lanka SAFANSI Grant TF015520 Grant Name Sri Lanka: Integrating Nutrition Promotion and Rural Development (INPARD) Grant Objective: To investigate whether a multi-sectoral rural development programme can be utilized to deliver nutrition promotion intervention within rural Sri Lanka and whether this is effective in improving nutrition outcomes. Grant Start Date 9/10/2013 Grant Completion Date 3/31/2015 Activities Update: 51 The Nutritional Impact Assessment and Evaluation (measuring individual, household, and area level data) has been completed. The initial plan was to develop training manuals and training workshops for community resource persons of the Re-awakening project, public health officers, agricultural officers and teachers on nutrition promotion and start them in February 2014, but several stakeholders starting with workshops to bring these local partners together and train them on how to work collaboratively to promote intersectoral actions, before educating them about nutrition. They expressed the need to build trust among these individuals by organising workshops to get to know each other and discuss the importance of intersectoral actions to promote nutrition at village level. A workshop was organised in February 2014 to develop a multi-sectoral training curriculum. The curriculum outline has been developed and circulated among stakeholders for their inputs, with the first session scheduled for June. Nutrition promotion training manuals for rural development sector staff, teachers, journalists, and others is scheduled for October 2014. Planning meetings have identified multiple stakeholders to strengthen the capacity. They are: rural development staff including the community resource persons (CRPs), school teachers, agricultural officers, government development officers, media reporters and primary healthcare workers. Awareness and training is provided for all these people. Towards the end, a model project will be drafted with these people so that they could implement it satisfactorily. The study is still under implementation but the study activities will achieve it's goal, since the Ministry of Finance and Planning is closely associated. 52 Appendix 2: SAFANSI-funded Activities Child Trust Closing Task Team Window Country Grant Title Grant Amount Sector Fund Date Leader PIPELINE GRANTS SAFANSI Bank Regional Coordination, Partnership 100,000 3/31/2015 Albertus SASHN Executed Development and Results Monitoring Voetberg for FNS in South Asia Region SAFANSI Recipient Pakistan Leveraging Civil Society for Improving 700,000 3/31/2015 Imtiaz Alvi SASDL Executed Nutrition at the Local Level SAFANSI Bank Bhutan Enhancing Community Nutrition and 248,500 3/31/2015 Winston Dawes SASDL Executed Food Security Through Livelihood Approach SAFANSI Bank Sri Lanka Nutritional Security from Pro-Poor 180,842 3/31/2015 Randall AES Executed Reservoir Fisheries in Sri Lanka Brummett ACTIVE GRANTS SAFANSI Bank Regional Promoting SAR FNS Activities: 49,450 TF017273 6/25/2014 Melissa Williams SASDA Executed International outreach of SAFANSI and BEES program SAFANSI Bank Regional The effectiveness of food price policies 250,000 TF014546 12/31/2014 Elliot Mghenyi SASDA Executed on food and nutritional security in South Asia SAFANSI Recipient Regional Strengthening Infant and Young Child 754,230 TF013549 1/31/2015 Ashi Kohli SASHN Executed Feeding IYCF in SAR Kathuria 53 SAFANSI Bank Regional Supervision of Grant to Breastfeeding 69,100 TF013556 3/31/2015 Ashi Kohli SASHN Executed Promotion Network of India Kathuria SAFANSI Bank Regional Scaling up food and nutrition security 270,500 TF015348 3/31/2015 Pushina Kunda SASDL Executed initiatives in SAR through women’s Ng’andwe groups SAFANSI Bank Regional Strategic Knowledge Management 295,500 TF017500 3/31/2015 Melissa Williams SASDA Executed and Communications for SAFANSI SAFANSI Bank Afghanistan “Visualizing Stunting in Afghanistan”: A 100,000 TF015365 11/30/2014 Nkosi Mbuya SASHN Executed Call for Concerted Action SAFANSI Bank Bangladesh Assessment of Bangladesh CCT Pilot 200,000 TF099422 6/30/2014 Aneeka SASSP Executed through Local Governments Rahman SAFANSI Bank Bangladesh Nutrition and Food Security Implications 518,650 TF016363 12/31/2014 Madhur SASDA Executed of Rural Growth in Bangladesh Gautam SAFANSI Bank India Improving Food Security in Tribal and 343,200 TF012122 6/30/2014 Varun Singh SASDS Executed Conflict Affected Areas SAFANSI Bank India Foodgrains Storage and Trade Policy 139,756 TF014636 9/30/2014 Madhur SASDA Executed Options: Tradeoffs and Implications for Gautam Food Security in India A Knowledge Development Activity SAFANSI Bank India Introducing nutrition in tertiary 205,117 TF014901 10/30/2014 Eiju Pehu AES Executed education curricula and through agricultural extension using participatory ICT methods 54 SAFANSI Bank India Community Managed Food and 300,000 TF012676 12/31/2014 Parmesh Shah SASDL Executed Nutrition Security Initiatives in High Poverty States in India SAFANSI Bank India Multi-sectoral Partnership for Nutrition: 160,600 TF012081 3/31/2015 Ashi Kohli SASHN Executed a pilot in Bihar, India Kathuria SAFANSI Bank India Social Observatory for Rural Food and 2,300,000 TF011993 3/31/2015 Vijayendra Rao DECPI Executed Nutrition Security in the National Rural Livelihoods Mission SAFANSI Bank Nepal Supporting High Level Task Force on 430,000 TF098873 6/30/2014 Preeti Kudesia SASHN Executed Food and Nutrition Security -National Planning Commission SAFANSI Bank Nepal Gender Equality and Social Inclusion 219,000 TF015361 9/30/2014 Luiza Nora SASDS Executed for Food and Nutrition Security in Nepal SUNITA Nepal Nepal Sunaula Hazar Din - Community 450,000 TF013868 3/31/2014 Daniel Stein DECIE Action for Nutrition Project Impact Evaluation SUNITA Nepal Training of social mobilizers and 450,000 TF014834 3/31/2014 Preeti Kudesia SASHN coaches in a results-based community driven approach to reducing malnutrition SUNITA Nepal Small Area Estimation of Food Security 45,000 TF015218 3/31/2014 Preeti Kudesia SASHN and Nutrition in Nepal SAFANSI Bank Nepal/ Impact Evaluation of the Agricultural 273,830 TF016677 3/31/2015 Daniel Stein DECIE Executed Bangladesh and Food Security Project (AFSP) and and the Integrated Agricultural Productivity TF016678 Project (IAPP) SAFANSI Bank Pakistan Long-run Economic Effects of 381,982 TF014344 3/31/2015 Ghazala PRMPR Executed Childhood Nutrition and Health Status Mansuri in Pakistan 55 SAFANSI Bank Pakistan Child Nutritional Outcomes and 451,690 TF011848 3/31/2015 Ghazala PRMPR Executed Community Based Health Service Mansuri Provision: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment in Rural Pakistan SAFANSI Bank Sri Lanka Integrating Nutrition Promotion And 713,500 TF015520 3/31/2015 Seenithamby SASDL Executed Rural Development (INPARD) Sri Lanka Manoharan CLOSED GRANTS SAFANSI Bank Regional South Asia Development Marketplace 436,733 TF097620 6/30/2012 Phoebe M. SASHN Executed on Nutrition Folger SAFANSI Recipient Regional International Policy Consultation 200,000 TF098748 6/30/2012 Melissa Williams SASDA Executed SAFANSI Bank Regional Learning from Success: Cross-sectoral 49,878 TF099039 3/31/2012 Melissa Williams SASDA Executed Approaches in Other Regions & Applicability to South Asia SAFANSI Bank Regional Global Conference on Women in 25,653 TF011910 8/31/2012 Melissa Williams SASDA Executed Agriculture (GCWA) SAFANSI Bank Regional South Asia Gender and Nutrition 160,192 TF010381 10/31/2013 Jennifer SASDS Executed Mapping Solotaroff SAFANSI Bank Regional Linking Measures of Food Security with 111,386 TF011469 10/31/2013 Sailesh Tiwari PRMPR Executed Nutritional Outcomes in South Asia SAFANSI Bank Afghanistan Supporting Afghanistan’s High Level 252,196 TF099874 2/1/2014 Abeyah Al- SASHN Executed Task Force on Food and Nutrition Omair Security SAFANSI Bank Bangladesh/ Linking Nutritional Outcomes to 133,615 TF099707 9/30/2013 John Newman SASEP Executed India Adequacy of Food, Health and Care 56 SAFANSI Bank Bangladesh Multisectoral Simulation Tool for Scaling 186,924 TF098429 8/31/2013 John Newman SASEP Executed Up Nutrition (SUN) SAFANSI Bank Bangladesh Assessment of the relationship between 214,936 TF011841 3/31/2014 Rokeya Ahmed TWISA Executed mortality and morbidity due to diarrheal diseases and sanitation coverage SAFANSI Bank Bangladesh Strengthening Awareness and 212,342 TF014744 3/31/2014 Ousmane Seck SASDL Executed Advocacy of the Potential of Fisheries to Improve Food and Nutrition Security in Bangladesh SAFANSI Bank Bhutan Nutrition Assessment and Capacity 118,997 TF012082 2/28/2014 Somil Nagpal SASHN Executed Building in Bhutan SAFANSI Bank India Strengthening Agricultural Education 33,231 TF014041 6/30/2013 Madhur SASDA Executed and Policy Making for Food and Gautum Nutritional Security in India SAFANSI Bank India Developing a Framework for Applied 89,781 TF010794 4/30/2012 Ramesh SASHN Executed Political Economy Analysis of Food & Govindaraj Nutrition Security Issues in South Asia SAFANSI Bank Nepal Evaluating the Nutritional impacts of 34,356 TF012123 5/31/2013 Jasmine SASSP Executed food security and nutrition programs Rajbhandary SUNITA Nepal Food and Nutrition Security Thematic 101,671 TF010274 5/30/2013 Preeti Kudesia SASHN Report (NLSS) SUNITA Nepal Community Based Behavior Change 61,235 TF012285 10/31/2013 Preeti Kudesia SASHN for Nutrition SUNITA Nepal Review of IYCF Program 28,977 TF012286 2/28/2014 Preeti Kudesia SASHN SUNITA Nepal District Profiles of Determinants of Food 40,131 TF013189 2/28/2014 Preeti Kudesia SASHN Insecurity and Malnutrition in Nepal 57 SUNITA Nepal Short Term Consultancy supporting the 19,747 TF013934 2/28/2014 Preeti Kudesia SASHN management of nutrition related analytical activities SAFANSI Bank Pakistan Mainstreaming Food and Nutrition 3,233 TF099154 6/30/2011 Bekzod SASDA Executed Security in Agriculture and Water Shamsiev Management Development Dialogue SAFANSI Bank Pakistan Enhancing High Level Commitment for 60,243 TF012245 2/28/2014 Inaam Haq SASHN Executed FNS Actions SAFANSI Bank Sri Lanka Visualizing the invisible epidemic of 64,685 TF011712 12/31/2013 Nkosi Mbuya SASHN Executed under-nutrition in Sri Lanka 58 Pipeline/Work Program The SAFANSI program funds are nearly fully committed for grants currently underway and additional proposals received and tasks to be initiated. The current program may invite a last round of just-in-time proposals for tasks that either contribute to ongoing activities or provide opportunities for knowledge generation and dissemination. There remains significant demand for financing work across the Bank’s South Asia Region and while some of it is being met by the current SAFANSI program, some proposals are being accepted with an understanding that a phased approach could be adopted where partial work may be financed by current SAFANSI program and the remaining work may resume under the second phase of SAFANSI program (SAFANSI-II). In addition, the last year of current SAFANSI program will remained focused on knowledge management including communication and dissemination of results from the tasks completed and nearing completion with deliverables and outputs now coming in. The objective is to initiate internal and external knowledge stream amongst various Bank sector teams and partners on the analytical and innovative work financed through SAFANSI. The knowledge management task will create derivative products summarizing key messages and highlighting trends in findings across products, materials like newsletters and a website to make findings publicly available and push findings to critical audiences in the regional stakeholders community, and events to disseminate findings and to stimulate discussion of food and nutrition security issues across South Asia. The SAFANSI team is also engaged in preparation of the second phase of program which will be financed by UK’s DfID and European Commission. The program details have been discussed over the course of last year. The second phase of SAFANSI is intended to contribute towards a larger program within the Bank on Food and Nutrition Security Enhancement Program (FNSEP). The Bank management endorsed the concept of FNSEP in December 2013. Under the new structure in the Bank after the Change Management process, the FNSEP is mapped as part of the South Asia Vice President’s portfolio to ensure multi-sectoral collaboration between the various Global Practices. 59 SAFANSI Dashboard Tasks by Country (%) Afghanistan 4% Bangladesh SAR 13% 24% Bhutan 4% Sri Lanka 6% India 17% Pakistan 9% Nepal 23% Funds allocation by country (US$) $3,571,685 $3,180,067 $1,880,117 $1,597,148 $1,332,852 $959,027 $352,196 $367,497 60 Grant Status Active, 8 Active, 2 Active, 6 Closed, 9 Active, 2 Active, 3 Closed, 7 Active, 2 Closed, 3 Active, 2 Active, 2 Closed, 2 Closed, 2 Closed, 1 Closed, 0 Closed, 0 Grants by Sectoral Distribution 19 10 6 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 AES DECIE DECPI PRMPR SASDA SASDL SASDS SASEP SASHN SASSP TWISA 61 Results Framework Results Indicator Mar-10 Mar-11 Mar-12 Mar-13 Mar-14 4 Project Development Objective Increased commitment of governments and development partners in SAR for more effective and integrated food security & nutrition actions 1. No. of national-level planning or policy documents emphasizing an 0 2 2 12 23 (12) integrated and coordinated (cross sector) approach to FNS Previous Reporting Years (2010-2013): (i) Nutrition Framework for Afghanistan; (ii) Multisectoral Plan of Action for Nepal; (iii) TF012245 Punjab Nutrition Policy Guidance Note; (iv) TF012245 Balochistan Nutrition Policy Guidance Notes; (v) TF012245 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Nutrition Policy Guidance Note; (vi) TF012245 Sindh Nutrition Policy Guidance Notes; (vii) TF012082 Nutrition in Bhutan: Situational Analysis and Policy Recommendations; (viii) TF013549 World Breastfeeding Trends Initiative: South Asia Report Card 2012; (ix) TF014041 Indian Council for Agricultural Research: IX Agricultural Sciences Congress “the Roadmap Forward”; (x) TF010274 Nepal Thematic Report on Food Security and Nutrition 2013; (xi) TF012676 Innovations in Development: Community-Run Centers Improve Nutrition for Women and Children, Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project; (xii) TF012123 Women and Civil Works Programs: Empowerment, Gender Equality and Nutrition A Review of Existing Policies and Data on RCIW, RAIDP and RSDP 2013-2014 Reporting Year: (xiii) TF013769 Nepal Inception Report of Small Area Estimate of Food Security and Nutrition in Nepal; (xiv) TF012285 Inception report of small area estimation of food security and nutrition; (xv) TF010381 Gender and Nutrition in South Asia Report (xvi) TF010381 Gender Nutrition Policy Note 1: Mapping Report; (xvii) TF010381 Gender Nutrition in SAR Policy Note 2: International Experiences in Gender and Nutrition; (xviii) TF015361; (xviii-xxi) TF011993 Social Observatory (3) policy briefs; (xxii) TF014744: In March 2014, 25 copies of policy papers distributed to 4 regional country partners (Cambodia, India, Myanmar and Nepal); (xxiii) TF012123- design and implementation of a randomized evaluation of the pilot community challenge fund completed May 2013 4 Numbers in the “Mar—‘14” column in parenthesis ( ) indicate the target value the project attempted to achieve over the last reporting year. The number in the same “Mar—‘14” column to the right of this figure in bold, indicates the actual value achieved. 62 2. No. of development partners’ country strategies with an integrated, cross 0 3 4 17 28 (17) sector approach to FNS Previous Reporting Years (2010-2013): (i) the UNICEF Maternal and Child Nutrition Security Project; (ii) the International Food Policy Research Institute 2020 Vision; (iii) the World Food Programme; (iv) the Renewed Efforts Against Child Hunger and Under-nutrition (REACH) Initiative; (v) TF013549 World Breastfeeding Trends Initiative (WBTi); (vi) TF014041 Indian Council for Agricultural Sciences: FAO Global Forum on Agricultural Research post-conference involvement; (vii) TF014041 Indian Council for Agricultural Research; (viii) TF012245 D-10 Development Partner Nutrition Working Group in Pakistan[1] 2013 – 2014 Reporting Year: (xviii -xxviii) TF011993 Social Observatory (10) country strategy documents 3. No. of integrated FNS country programs / operations in place 0 3 8 16 26 (18) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2013): (i) Bangladesh Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT); (ii) Nepal Agriculture and Food Security Project (NAFSP); (iii) 1000 Days Nepal; (iv) Pakistan Enhanced Nutrition for Mothers and Children project(P115889); (v) Pakistan Health System Strengthening in 6 districts of Khyber and Pakhtunkhwa with strong focus on nutrition; (vi) Pakistan Health System Strengthening in the province of Punjab with strong focus on nutrition; (vii) Afghanistan Enhancing Health System; (viii) Afghanistan: Female Youth Employment Initiative (adds nutrition dimension); (ix) Punjab Agricultural Competitiveness Project (PCN stage 06/16/2012); (x) Sindh Agricultural Growth Project (P128307); (xi) India: ICDS Systems Strengthening & Nutrition Improvement Program (P121731); (xii) TF012123 Rural Community Infrastructure Works program, (xiii) TF012123 Rural Accessibility Improvement and Decentralization Project; (xiv) TF012123 Road Sector Development Project; (xv) TF011993 Social Observatory Clients: NRLP (National Rural Livelihoods Program), North Eastern Rural Livelihoods Project (NERLP), Bihar Rural Livelihoods Project (BRLP), MPDPIP-2 (xvi) TF012122 Improving Food Security and Nutrition Status in the State of Jharkand and Odisha: Pilot Intervention Design Workshop Report. Reporting Year 2013 - 2014: (xvii-xx) TF014744: 3 country action plans on fisheries and nutrition linkages approaches developed and distributed to 4 regional country partners (Cambodia, India, Myanmar and Nepal); (xxi-xxvi) TF014344 MOU among partner institutions including PPAF, PIDE, NRSP, Research and Development Solutions, and Social Collective, plus others) Pillar I: Analysis Improved Evidence and Analysis on the most effective ways to achieve FNS outcomes in South Asia 63 1. No. of FNS-related case studies documented and disseminated using sex 0 2 6 13 21 (13) and other disaggregated data (at least 30% include gender-related issues) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2013): (i) Multi-Sectoral Approaches to Promote Nutrition: Past Experiences and Future Course of Action – involves seven program/country level case studies, although reported only as one product here; (ii) India Health Beat: Nutrition in India; (iii) SAFANSI Modifiable Adequacy analysis video case study on Bangladesh and India; (iv) Evaluation of the effectiveness of cell phone technology as community based intervention to improve exclusive breastfeeding; (v) SAFANSI: Winners of the 2009 Development Marketplace – potentially 20 case studies, of which 5 in detail; (vi) Bangladesh report: “Review of the Institutional Environment For Nutrition in the Planning Process in Bangladesh” (March 2012 ) (vii) TF010381 Gender Aware Nutrition Activities in South Asia - A Mapping Exercise has identified 82 government, multilateral, and civil society activities in the region that address gender aspects of nutrition; (viii) TF010794 Developing a Framework for Applied Political Economy Analysis of Food and Nutrition Security Issues in South Asia; (ix) TF011469 Linking Food Security and Nutrition: Bangladesh; (x) TF011469 Linking Food Security and Nutrition: Nepal; (xi) TF012245 ‘Engaging Development Partners in Efforts to Reverse Malnutrition Trends in Pakistan’; (xii) TF010381 Gender-Inclusive Nutrition Activities in South Asia, Volume II: Lessons From Global Experiences; (xiii) TF012676 Innovations in Development: COMMUNITY-RUN CENTERS IMPROVE NUTRITION for WOMEN AND CHILDREN Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project. 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (xiv) TF099422: Endline Survey Report on Bangladesh CCT Pilot; (xv) TF012676: Field innovation in public sector and civil society sector on FNS briefing benefiting from multi-sector interventions; (xvi-xviii) TF012081 Multisectoral Nutritional Actions in Bihar; (xix - xxi) TF014744 (3) policy briefs delivered to over 1,000 GoB partners and staff; 2. No. of FNS-related Policy and Issues Briefs published and circulated by 0 4 8 16 32 (18) SAFANSI (at least 30% include gender-related issues) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2013): (i) Report of Proceedings: Roundtable Discussion on Agriculture and Water in Pakistan; (ii) India Health Beat: Nutrition in India; (iii) Five Advances Making It Easier to Work on Results in Development: An Operational Perspective with South Asia Nutrition Examples; (iv) Developing a Framework for Applied Political Economy Analysis of Food and Nutrition Security Issues in South Asia[3]; (v) Reshaping Agriculture for Nutrition and Health; (vi) Thailand: A brief on multi- sectoral nutrition program which experienced significant reduction of malnutrition over the past three decades through multi-sectoral collaboration; (vii) Pakistan Nutrition Issue Brief: outlines the impact of malnutrition on the country’s growth and development and the cost-effectiveness of nutrition intervention; (viii) Malaysia: A SAFANSI brief on multi-sectoral nutrition program which experienced significant reduction of malnutrition over the past three decades through multi-sectoral collaboration (ix) TF012123 Women and Civil Works Programs: Empowerment, Gender Equality and Nutrition; (x) TF010274 Nepal Thematic Report on Food Security and Nutrition; (xi) TF014041 Reducing Malnutrition in South Asia: The Role of Agricultural Research, Education & Extension; (xii) TF013549 WBTI South Asia report Card 2012; (xiii) TF012082 Nutrition in Bhutan: Situational Analysis and Policy Recommendations; (xiv) TF012676 Innovations in Development: COMMUNITY-RUN CENTERS IMPROVE NUTRITION for WOMEN AND CHILDREN Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project; (xv) TF011469 Linking Food Security and Nutrition: Bangladesh; (xvi) TF011469 Linking Food Security and Nutrition: Nepal 64 2013 – 2014 Reporting Year: (xvii) TF010274: Review of IYCF Practice, costed strategic communications plan, Capacity building to strengthen local government and community participation; (xviii) TF010381: Gender and Nutrition in SAR Dissemination Presentation in SAR; (xix) TF011841 Policy Brief on relation between mortality and morbidity due to diarrheal diseases and sanitation coverage, December 2013; (xx) TF015348 Gap analysis reports completed and finalized in February 2014; (xxi) 6 localized nutritional studies completed as intermediate inputs to the Gap analysis reports submitted in February 2014; (xxii) TF099422 Conducted evaluation of the various processes involved in implementation of the pilot, covering targeting of beneficiaries, providing information sessions and making payments December 2013; (xxiii) TF099873: (2) Papers on targeting households which are food insecure and have malnourished children; (xxiv) TF012082: Comprehensive Nutrition Assessment and Gap Analysis and 2 policy briefs published (February 2014); (xxvii) TF015520 Nutritional Impact Assessment and Evaluation (December 2013); (xxviii) TF014636 Technical Paper for Foodgrains Storage and Trade Policy Options: Tradeoffs and Implications for Food Security in India; (xxix) TF011469 Linking Food Security and Nutrition: Nepal; (xxx-xxxi) TF014744 Strengthening Awareness and Advocacy of the Potential of FIsheries to Improve Food and Nutrition Security in Bangladesh (2) policy briefs on pond aquaculture and wetlands management (March 2014); (xxxii) TF011848 Workshops to disseminate early results framework reached 150 attendees. 3. No. of major public programs tested/evaluated for impact on FNS 0 0 0 12 18 (13) outcomes. Previous Reporting Years (2010-2013): (i) TF012123 Nepal Rural Community Infrastructure Works program, (ii) TF012123 Nepal Rural Accessibility Improvement and Decentralization Project; (iii) TF012123 Nepal Road Sector Development Project; (iv) TF011993 Social Observatory Impact Evaluation of core SHG Intervention: Bihar (Prospective) (Retrospective); (v) TF011993 Social Observatory Impact Evaluation of Food Security intervention: Bihar; (vi) TF011993 Social Observatory Impact Evaluation of core SHG Intervention: Odisha; (vii) TF011993 Social Observatory Impact Evaluation of core SHG Intervention: Rajasthan; (viii) TF011993 Social Observatory Impact Evaluation of core SHG Intervention: Tamil Nadu (retrospective and prospective); (ix) TF011993 Social Observatory: TA to the North Eastern Rural Livelihoods Project (NERLP) Sikkim, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura; (x) TF011993 Social Observatory: Tamil Nadu Impact Evaluation: Community-based health card intervention targeted at women’s health indicators, including anemia; (xi) TF011993 Social Observatory: Chattisgarh and Maharashtra Resource Block Study; (xii) TF011993 Social Observatory: Technical Assistance to MPDPIP-2 to systematically track beneficiaries of the skills intervention in Madhya Pradesh. 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (xiii) TF012081 Multisectoral Nutritional Actions in Bihar: SIEF-funded impact evaluation; (xiv - xviii) TF011993 Social Observatory (1) impact evaluation; (3) baselines have been complete for FNS interventions. 4. No. of programming guidance notes prepared (all addressing gender 0 5 5 15 31 (16) issues)[4] 65 Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) Report of Proceedings: Roundtable Discussion on Agriculture and Water in Pakistan; (ii) Five Advances Making It Easier to Work on Results in Development: An Operational Perspective with South Asia Nutrition Examples; (iii) Nepal’s Nutrition National Plan of Action; (iv) Afghanistan’s National Nutrition Framework; (v) Addressing Nutrition Through Multisectoral Approaches – World Bank Draft ESW; (vi) TF010794 Developing a Framework for Applied Political Economy Analysis of Food and Nutrition Security Issues in South Asia; (vii) TF012082 Nutrition in Bhutan: Situational Analysis and Policy Recommendations; (viii) TF012676 Innovations in Development: Community-Run Centers Improve Nutrition for Women and Children, Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project; (ix) TF012123 Women and Civil Works Programs: Empowerment, Gender Equality and Nutrition A Review of Existing Policies and Data on RCIW, RAIDP and RSDP; (x) TF011469 Linking Food Security and Nutrition: Bangladesh; (xi) TF011469 Linking Food Security and Nutrition: Nepal; (xii) TF012122 Improving Food Security and Nutrition Status in the State of Jharkand and Odisha: Pilot Intervention Design Workshop Report; (xiii) TF012122 EVIDENCE FROM NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY ON HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE; (xiv) TF014041 Reducing Malnutrition in South Asia: The Role of Agricultural Research, Education & Extension; (xv) TF014041 ICAR’s XI Agricultural Science Congress: Roadmap on Reforming Agricultural Education; (xvi) TF014636 Inputs into the Economic Survey of India 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (xvii) TF010794: Delivery of India PEA Case Study 4/30/2013; (xviii) TF013189 District Nutrition Profile Tool; (xix - xxii) TF012676: 4 learning notes created including a typology of 30 CMHN initiatives across the country. These are (i) Bringing Nutritional Security to Rural Households: Strategies and Program Design, (ii) Lessons for India from Mexico and Brazil, (iii) Mobile applications for Nutrition and (iv) Typology of 30 CMHN initiatives in India; (xxiii-xxiv) TF012081 Multisectoral Nutritional Actions in Bihar guidance notes; (xxv-xxxi) TF011993 Social Observatory (7) programming guidance notes produced Pillar II: Advocacy Improved Awareness of FNS-related challenges, and advocacy for action, amongst relevant stakeholders 1. No. of high-profile senior policy makers and opinion leaders 0 50 75 110 264 (120) sensitized/“trained” 66 Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) The SAFANSI co-sponsorship of the IFPRI conference on Leveraging Agriculture for Improving Nutrition and Health brought together quite a few leading international figures and policy makers, who were sensitized to the cross-sectoral nature of the related Agriculture, Nutrition and Health problems. Approximately 1000 people were in attendance; many of them being very senior figures in various governments and organizations, most notably including H.E. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister, Republic of India; (ii) the Pakistan Roundtable Discussion on Agriculture and Water: Introducing Food and Nutrition Security to Government Planning trained/sensitize approximately 100 senior national and provincial-level officials; (iii) SAFANSI Task Supporting Afghanistan’s High Level Task Force on Food and Nutrition Security, sensitized the Ministers of Finance, Health, Agriculture, Education, Rural Rehabilitation and Development; (iv) 2011 World Bank Innovation Day: Business Unusual: Tackling Malnutrition in South Asia; (v) World Bank-IMF Annual Meetings: Ensuring Nutrition and Food Security for Results in South Asia; (vi) SAFANSI Technical Advisory Committee; (vii) Knowledge, Tools and Lessons for Informing the Design and Implementation of Food Security Strategies in Asia Conference in Nepal; (viii) London Conference on Measuring the Effects of Integrated Agriculture-Health Interventions; (ix) The Global Conference on Women in Agriculture; (x) World Bank Workshop on Food Security and Nutrition: From Measurement to Results; (xi) FAO International Scientific Symposium on Food and Nutrition Security Information; approximately 30 individuals representing international organization, research outfits and independent researchers engaged in the field of food security and nutrition; (xii) SAR Development Marketplace on Nutrition dissemination events have also trained several key state/local governing officials and other high ranking Development practitioners; (xiii) SAFANSI Panel Discussion at IFPRI Conference: Building a Platform for Improving Food and Nutrition Security. It is estimated that over 100 people were in attendance at this event and as of March 28, 2012 there were 355 recorded hits on the video of the session; (xiv)Pakistan: Two-day National Workshop on Regulatory Systems for Food Fortification; (xv) TF097620 South Asia Regional Knowledge Forum on Improving Infant and Young Child Nutrition, June 2012 (xvi) TF014041 ICAR IX ACS Conference on Reforming Agricultural Education; (xvii) TF098394 How Can Agriculture Help to Solve the Nutrition Crisis? SDN Forum Event on What We Know and What We Need to Know: Wednesday 27 February; (xviii) TF012676 Innovations in Development: COMMUNITY-RUN CENTERS IMPROVE NUTRITION for WOMEN AND CHILDREN Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction Project; (xix) TF012123 Women and Civil Works Programs: Empowerment, Gender Equality and Nutrition A Review of Existing Policies and Data on RCIW, RAIDP and RSDP; (xx) TF011993 Social Observatory: National workshop on using data for action: included developing a framework for tracking food security involving project staff from 12 states participated, including 4 Project Directors of State Livelihood Missions; (xxi) TF012122 Improving Food Security and Nutrition Status in the State of Jharkand and Odisha: Pilot Intervention Design Workshop Report; (xxii) TF012676 SDN Forum - Improving Nutrition through Community Driven Approach: Thinking beyond Agriculture, Food Security and Rural Development - 4:00 PM - 5:30 PM, 8th March, 2013. 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (xxiii) February 2014 event to disseminate information before commencing assessment (well over 40 senior policy-makers joined discussions); (xiv) TF012676: Training of Trainers workshop executed (spearhead teams of 40 people); (cxc-ccxl) TF011993 Social Observatory 130 of 200 trained as of December 2013; (ccxli-ccxliii) TF014901 Agricultural Extension and Nutrition through ICTs (3) sr. policymakers trained as of 3/31/14; (CCXLIV - CCLIII) TF014744 (10 policymakers trained March 2014; (CCLIV - CCLXIV) TF014344 senior persons trained by April 2014. 2. No. of regional, national and other prominent consultations and workshops 2 6 9 16 35 (17) organized (addressing gender where appropriate) 67 Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) Pakistan Roundtable Discussion on Agriculture and Water: Introducing Food and Nutrition Security to Government Planning; (ii) Multiple SAFANSI Consultations for Supporting Afghanistan’s High Level Task Force on Food and Nutrition Security including a mid-point national workshop for the preparation of the multi-sectoral plan of action for FNS; (iii) SAFANSI Technical Advisory Committee; (iv) Knowledge, Tools and Lessons for Informing the Design and Implementation of Food Security Strategies in Asia Conference in Nepal; (v) London Conference on Measuring the Effects of Integrated Agriculture-Health Interventions; (vi) World Bank Workshop on Food Security and Nutrition: From Measurement to Results; (vii) FAO International Scientific Symposium on Food and Nutrition Security Information; (viii) Multiple SAFANSI Consultations for Supporting Nepal’s High Level Task Force on Food and Nutrition Security; (ix) D-10 Working Group on Nutrition in Pakistan; (x) Pakistan national workshop on the regulatory systems for food fortification; (xi) TF014041 ICAR IX ACS Conference on Reforming Agricultural Education; (xii) TF098394 How Can Agriculture Help to Solve the Nutrition Crisis? SDN Forum Event on What We Know and What We Need to Know: Wednesday 27 February; (xiii) TF012123 Women and Civil Works Programs: Empowerment, Gender Equality and Nutrition A Review of Existing Policies and Data on RCIW, RAIDP and RSDP; (xiv) TF011993 Social Observatory: National workshop on using data for action: included developing a framework for tracking food security involving project staff from 12 states participated, including 4 Project Directors of State Livelihood Missions; (xv) TF012122 Improving Food Security and Nutrition Status in the State of Jharkand and Odisha: Pilot Intervention Design Workshop Report; (xvi) TF012676 SDN Forum - Improving Nutrition through Community Driven Approach: Thinking beyond Agriculture, Food Security and Rural Development - 4:00 PM - 5:30 PM, 8th March, 2013. 2013 – 2014 Reporting Year: (xvii) TF013189: Consultation on District nutrition profile; (xviii) TF012082 Held a national level workshop in February 2014 to disseminate and discuss the comprehensive draft report; (xix-xxi) TF012081 Multisectoral Nutritional Actions in Bihar: 3 workshops; (xxii - xxiii) TF011993 Social Observatory (2) workshops conducted as of December 2013; (xxiv - xxxiv) TF014744 (11) regional workshop meetings arranged March 2014; (xxxv) TF011848) questionnaire and data submitted and distributed via workshop December 2013. 3. No. of advocacy events (e.g. awareness raising campaigns) carried out 0 6 12 19 42 (20) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) IFPRI conference on Leveraging Agriculture for Improving Nutrition and Health; (ii) 2011 World Bank Innovation Day: Business Unusual: Tackling Malnutrition in South Asia; (iii) World Bank-IMF Annual Meetings: Ensuring Nutrition and Food Security for Results in South Asia; (iv) The Global Conference on Women in Agriculture; (v) World Bank Workshop on Food Security and Nutrition: From Measurement to Results; (vi) FAO International Scientific Symposium on Food and Nutrition Security Information; (vii) mHealth Summit; (viii) SAR Development Marketplace Mid-term Workshop; (ix) SAR Development Marketplace India Grantees Workshop; (x) Dr. Reddy’s Foundation Workshop; (xi) SAFANSI Panel Discussion at IFPRI Conference: Building a Platform for Improving Food and Nutrition Security. It is estimated that over 100 people were in attendance at this event and as of March 28, 2012 there were 355 recorded hits on the video of the session; (xii) Pakistan Nutrition Partners’ Group (D-10) meetings since Feb 2012; (xiii) TF097620 SAR Regional Knowledge Sharing Forum; (xiv) TF014041 ICAR IX ACS Conference on Reforming Agricultural Education; (xv) TF098394 How Can Agriculture Help to Solve the Nutrition Crisis? SDN Forum Event on What We Know and What We Need to Know: Wednesday 27 February; (xvi) TF012123 Women and Civil Works Programs: Empowerment, Gender Equality and Nutrition A Review of Existing Policies and Data on RCIW, RAIDP and RSDP November 7, 2012; (xvii) TF011993 Social Observatory: National workshop on using data for action: included developing a framework for tracking food security involving project staff from 12 states participated, including 4 Project Directors of State Livelihood Missions; (xviii) TF012122 Improving Food Security and Nutrition Status in the State of Jharkand and Odisha: Pilot Intervention Design Workshop Report; (xix) TF012676 SDN Forum - Improving Nutrition through Community Driven Approach: Thinking beyond Agriculture, Food Security and Rural Development - 4:00 PM - 5:30 PM, 8th March, 2013. 68 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (xx) TF010381: Gender and Nutrition Presentation September 25,2013; (xxi) TF015348: One knowledge exchange conducted in March 2014; (xxii-xxiii) TF012676: Community Managed Food Security and Health and Nutrition Initiatves pilots in 2 states (June 2013); xxiv - xxv) TF011993 Social Observatory (2) advocacy events carried out; (xxvi - XLI) TF014744 (16) regional, national and other prominent consultations and workshops arranged March 2014; (XLII) TF014344: workshop completed April 2014. 4. No. of changes relating to FNS agenda/policies enabled/supported 0 4 7 12 13 (14) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) Nepal Agriculture and Food Security Project; (ii) Afghanistan Action Framework; (iii) Nepal Nutrition Plan of Action; (iv) Pakistan Roundtable Discussion on Agriculture and Water: Introducing Food and Nutrition Security to Government Planning; (v) Nutrition Assessment and Capacity Building in Bhutan; (vi) Nepal's 1000 Days Initiative for Sunaula Hazar Din - Community Action for Nutrition Project; (vii) A White Paper on Scaling Up Nutrition in Pakistan which identified key steps (e.g. provincial and federal institutional structures) that are leading to a more coherent approach to addressing malnutrition in Pakistan; (viii) TF012245 Four Pakistan Provincial Policy Notes; (ix) TF012123 Women and Civil Works Programs: Empowerment, Gender Equality and Nutrition A Review of Existing Policies and Data on RCIW, RAIDP and RSDP November 7, 2012; (xi) TF011993 Social Observatory; (xii) TF012122 Improving Food Security and Nutrition Status in the State of Jharkand and Odisha. 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (xiii) TF010794: Delivery of Political Economy Analysis Framework, 4/30/2013 Pillar III: Capacity Building Strengthened regional and in-country policy and programming capacity in relevant areas to achieve FNS outcomes. 1. No. of country or regional policy networks/ forums/ platforms supported (or 0 3 4 6 20 (7) formed) to advance the FNS agenda Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) Afghanistan Action Framework; (ii) Nepal Nutrition Plan of Action (iii) Pakistan Roundtable Discussion on Agriculture and Water: Introducing Food and Nutrition Security to Government Planning; (iv) Pakistan Nutrition Partners’ Group (D-10) meetings since Feb 2012; (v) TF014041 ICAR IX ACS Conference on Reforming Agricultural Education; (vi) TF011993 Social Observatory; 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (vii) TF010274 Support to High Level Food Securty and Nutrition Steering Committee Secretariat, Community Behavior Change Rapid Results Initiatives Pilot, STC supporting nutrition related AAA; (viii) TF0122455: Published article in IDS Bulletin (May 2013) about the process to prepare province-specific secondary analysis of the National Nutrition Survey 2011; workshops in all four provinces; National inter-provincial workshop and dissemination workshops and events in each province; (ix) TF014834 Trainng of Coaches on Rapid Results Approach for Sunaula Hazar Sin Nutrition Project; (x - xx) TF014744 (11) regional workshop/sub- national meetings arranged March 2014 69 2. No. of South-South training/capacity building visits to re-orient and improve 0 4 6 10 14 (11) FNS programs (ensuring a good balance of men and women) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) SAR DM Mid-term Workshop event; (ii) SAR DM Workshop for India Grantees; (iii) Dr. Reddy’s Foundation Dissemination Event in Hyderabad; (iv) SAFANSI arranged for two mobilized community leaders of a SAR DM sponsored project to present their models at IFPRI’s international conference on Leveraging Agriculture for Improving Nutrition and Health; (v) Tanzania - Introduction of Multi-sectoral simulation tool for SUN initiative to the REACH partners (vi) Kenya -Application of SAFANSI Modified Adequacy technique (data visualization technique) for epidemiological analysis on child stunting in Kenya; (vii) TF097620 SAR Regional Knowledge Sharing Forum; (viii) TF014041 ICAR IX ACS Conference on Reforming Agricultural Education; (ix) TF098394 How Can Agriculture Help to Solve the Nutrition Crisis? SDN Forum Event on What We Know and What We Need to Know: Wednesday 27 February; (x) TF011993 Social Observatory: National workshop on using data for action: included developing a framework for tracking food security involving project staff from 12 states participated, including 4 Project Directors of State Livelihood Missions; 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (xi) TF010794: Workshop for the Dissemination of Political Economy Analysis (4/30/2013); (xii - xiv) TF012081 Multisectoral Nutritional Actions in Bihar capacity building visits to 3 sectoral projects; (xv) TF014744 field trip arranged March 2014 3. No. of service delivery mechanisms analyzed and identified for up-scaling 0 2 9 11 13 (13) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) Three service delivery mechanisms from 6 rounds of surveillance were analyzed. These relate to water and sanitation; national nutrition service; and institutional arrangements for multi-sectoral simulation; (ii) Five innovative designs identified by the Development Marketplace as worthy scaling up; (iii) Bangladesh Conditional Cash Transfer; (iv) TF012123 Rural Community Infrastructure Works (RCIW) program, (v) TF012123 Rural Accessibility Improvement and Decentralization Project (RAIDP); (vi) TF012123 Road Sector Development Project (RSDP); (vii) TF011993 Social Observatory: National workshop on using data for action: included developing a framework for tracking food security involving project staff from 12 states participated, including 4 Project Directors of State Livelihood Missions; 2013 - 2014 Reporting Year: (viii) TF014041 National Agricultural Education Project proposal submitted to WB for support to reform the Agricultural Education System; (ix- x) TF011993 Social Observatory (2) mechanisms anaylzed for scaling-up; (xi-xii) TF014901 Agricultural Extension and Nutrition through ICTs (2) extensionists surveyed in 2 locations; (xiii) TF012123 Evaluating the Nutritional Impacst of FNS in Nepal- completed evaluation May 2013 70 4. No. of community-level alliances for promoting FNS outcomes supported 0 6 14 20 31 (30) Previous Reporting Years (2010-2012): (i) 14 Grantees of the SAR Development Marketplace on Nutrition; (ii) Development Partner nutrition working group (D-10) in Pakistan; (iii) TF012676 Society of the Elimination of Rural Poverty – Andhra Pradesh; (iv) TF011469 Pakistan Institute for Development Economics; (v) TF098874/TF097620 Care for Afghan Families; (vi) TF099422 Impact Assessment of Bangladesh CCT Pilot through Local Governments; (vii) TF098429 Multisectoral Simulation Tool for Scaling Up Nutrition. 2013-2014 Reporting Year: (xx-xxii) TF012081 Multisectoral Nutritional Actions in Bihar; (xxiii-xxx) TF011993 Social Observatory (8) trainings via alliances completed as of December 2013; (xxxi) TF014344 created alliance with community organizations April 2014. [1] The D-10 members include: ACF International, AusAID, CIDA, DFID, the EU, FAO, GAIN, MERLIN, the Micronutrient Initiative, Save the Children, UKAID, UNFPA, UNICEF, USAID, WFP, WHO, and the World Bank. [2] Included in the report, Multi-Sectoral Approaches to Promote Nutrition: Past Experiences and Future Course of Action, there are 7 program/country level case studies and multiple other project level analyses, however this is only counted as 1 in this results framework. [3] Part II is in progress and will soon be completed. [4] e.g. On adopting cross-sectoral approach, improving gender equity or social inclusion, better targeting and so on. 71 72