Gujarat Gender Women in Gujarat record mixed progress. Maternal health, already better than in most other states, is improving. And, today, more of Gujarat’s girls are in school. Nonetheless, the ratio of girls to boys in the state is among the lowest in the country. Secondary school attainment among adult women is close to the national average, but it remains below many other advanced states. While farming dominates employment for both men and women in rural areas, urban men have more salaried jobs than urban women. What’s more, women have withdrawn from the labor force in large numbers after 2005.   Child sex ratio in Gujarat is among the lowest in the country Child sex ratio, 2011 (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 972 970 970 969 964 962 957 957 956 948 948 950 943 943 942 941 939 936 935 919 918 909 902 900 894 890 890 888 871 862 850 846 834 800 AR MG MZ CG KL AS SK TR WB KA JH NL TN GA OD AP MN BH AI MP HP UP MH GJ UK RJ DL JK PJ HR Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. After a decline in the 1990s, the child sex ratio has increased marginally in Gujarat Child sex ratio, (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 950 928 900 890 883 850 800 1991 2001 2011 1 June 20, 2017 Gujarat Gender Maternal health has been improving in Gujarat Maternal mortality ratio maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 200 172 148 150 112 100 50 0 2003 2009 2013 Maternal mortality ratio in Gujarat is below the national average Maternal mortality ratio, 2013 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 300 300 285 285 244 221 221 222 208 208 200 167 141 127 133 112 113 100 92 79 68 61 0 KL MH TN AP GJ WB HR KA PJ AI BH JH MP CG OD RJ UP UK AS Data for 19 large states and All India. Low income states are highlighted in orange and AI is All India. 2 June 20, 2017 Gujarat Gender Secondary education attainment among adult women in Gujarat is similar to the national average Secondary education attainment among women, 2012 (% adults) 70 60 57 52 50 46 43 41 40 38 38 35 34 34 33 31 30 30 28 28 26 26 26 26 22 21 21 20 20 20 20 16 16 16 15 14 10 0 DL GA NL KL HP MN PJ MH TN HR KA UK MG MZ AR JK AP AI GJ SK AS UP JH WB MP CG OD RJ BH TR Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. There are more educated adult men than women in Gujarat, rural women lag behind urban Education attainment, 2012 (% adults) 40 37 36 35 Rural Females 30 26 47 28 11 14 25 25 25 20 20 18 14 Urban Females 15 10 20 19 19 42 5 0 Males Females 0 20 40 60 80 100 ■ Illiterate ■ Literate or primary school completed ■ Middle school completed ■ Secondary school or higher completed 3 June 20, 2017 Gujarat Gender Gender gaps in schooling have narrowed for the young Enrolled in education institutes, (%) 2005 21-23 11 13 2 Female Male 18-20 15 23 8 15-17 39 52 13 Age 12-14 72 87 15 9-11 87 94 7 6-8 88 90 2 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Enrolled in education institutes, (%) 2012 21-23 10 18 8 Female Male 18-20 23 35 12 15-17 63 77 14 Age 12-14 88 91 3 9-11 98 95 -3 6-8 94 96 2 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 4 June 20, 2017 Gujarat Gender Labor force participation among women in Gujarat is below many other states in India Female labor force participation rate, 2012 (%) 70 63 63 60 55 55 49 50 47 43 41 40 40 38 38 37 37 36 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 27 25 25 25 24 20 19 17 15 10 9 0 HP SK CG MG MZ AP RJ NL TN MH AR TR UK MN KA OD JK KL AI MP GJ PJ JH WB UP GA HR AS DL BH Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. Sharp decline in female labor force participation in Gujarat after 2005, especially in rural areas Labor force participation rate, (%) 100 89 89 85 80 81 82 80 62 58 Rural Male 60 Urban Male Rural Female 38 40 Urban Female 20 22 21 18 0 1993-94 2004-05 2011-12 5 June 20, 2017 Gujarat Gender Farming is the dominant source of work for both men and women in rural Gujarat Share of employed, 2012 (%) Rural Males Rural Females 4 6 5 6 13 11 70 85 ■ Farm - All ■ Non-farm Self Employed ■ Non-farm Salaried ■ Non-farm Casual Wage More salaried jobs for urban men in Gujarat, more self-employment for urban women Share of employed, 2012 (%) Urban Males Urban Females 6 3 8 10 38 52 38 44 ■ Farm - All ■ Non-farm Self Employed ■ Non-farm Salaried ■ Non-farm Casual Wage 6 June 20, 2017