SFG3434 Rural Connectivity Project (P160500) Central African Republic Environmental and Social Safeguards Action Plan (ESSAP) Introduction 1. The Central African Republic (CAR) is an extremely poor country that has suffered from repeated cycles of violence and conflict. With a land area of about 620,000 square kilometers and an estimated population of around 4.7 million, CAR is not densely populated. The crisis which has afflicted CAR since 2012 disrupted the functioning of the State especially outside Bangui. A French and African-led military intervention managed to put an end to the generalized conflict in 2013. The Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in CAR (MINUSCA) took over from it in 2014. CAR benefits from an unprecedented international support. At a donor conference in Brussels held on November 17, 2016, the international community pledged an unparalleled USD 2.2 billion to cover the most urgent needs and priorities for the period 2017-21 as reflected in the Recovery and Peacebuilding Assessment (RPBA) prepared by the authorities. 2. CAR suffers from the lack of connectivity both with its neighbors and within the country. The road infrastructure asset base remains very limited and cannot fully address the needs of the population. More specifically, out of a total road network of 24,137 km only 855 km are paved. Only 16 percent of the 15,000 km rural road network is classified as being in “good” conditions. Much of the country is beyond the reach of the road network posing a problem of local access in a country where agriculture is a major source of income and accounts for about 70 percent of employment. Road density in CAR is estimated at 1.5 km/100 km², significantly below that of SSA countries (15 km/100 km²) and even countries such as DR Congo (approximately 7 km/100 km²). 3. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve rural road connectivity to markets and social services, and in the event of an Eligible Crisis or Emergency, to provide an immediate and effective response. 4. The project will include four components: Component 1: Rural Roads Rehabilitation and Maintenance 5. Component one will focus on the rehabilitation of rural roads in two selected intervention areas, in the North-West and North-East of the country. The proposed project will consist of improving the critical infrastructure areas, such as bridges, and carrying out drainage improvements and road surfacing through Labor Intensive Public Works (LIPW), and some mechanized works. The methodology for the LIPWs will be similar to the lottery-based one adopted under the LONDO project (P152512), which was considered the most transparent by populations concerned. Road works and design will also consider climate resilience aspects where possible to improve the durability of the road improvements. Program implementation will require flexibility to take account of possible security concerns. 6. Subcomponent 1.1 North-West Road Rehabilitation: This subcomponent aims at improving a network of targeted rural roads in the North-West basin (about 500km) covering the Ouham and Ouham-Pendé prefectures. The roads have been selected to ensure maximum impact on agriculture production. The works will be implemented through performance-based arrangements. The supervising engineering firm will monitor the quality of the works. 7. Subcomponent 1.2 North-East Road Rehabilitation: This subcomponent would further strengthen emergency works undertaken on the Kaga Bandoro-Ndele road under the ongoing LCEP (P157923), and extend the emergency works approach to the Ndele-Birao section (about 420 km). 8. This component will also help improve road asset management in both regions through maintenance activities. It will finance the implementation of a community-based maintenance system in the production basins. This system will allow the day-to-day local maintenance of the roads for the duration of the project and following project execution. Local maintenance committees would be set up and trained to encourage the sustaining of the light maintenance system, which is to be handed over to the METACD for supervision and payment once the project ends. Component 2: Project Implementation, Management and Monitoring 9. Capacity building for PIU. This component will finance institutional strengthening for the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), including the hiring of new staff. It will include technical assistance, equipment, training and operating costs of the PIU. This component will also include capacity building and operating costs of the decentralized field staff of the METACD in the North-West and the North-East. 10. Supervision consultant. This component will cover project monitoring and evaluation costs. A supervising entity will be hired to monitor quality of works and implementation of safeguards. It will oversee the implementation of the rehabilitation and maintenance activities under Component One in both the North-West and North-East regions. 11. Sustainability of maintenance funding and institutional reform. The project will study how best to implement institutional reform for sustainable road maintenance funding in the country. Component 3: Resettlement 12. The project will finance compensation for resettlement. Resettlement-related payments may include: i) cash compensation for land and properties; ii) moving allowances; and iii) temporary income losses directly associated with the rehabilitation of rural roads. This component will maximize the chances of success of the project in the very fragile environment of CAR. Component 4: Contingency Emergency Response 13. This component will have an initial zero-dollar allocation. In case this component is activated, it will be completely financed with IDA funds. This component allows for the possibility to access resources for eligible expenditures in the event of an Eligible Crisis or Emergency, to provide immediate and effective response to said Eligible Crisis or Emergency. This component is being proposed for incorporation into the project with zero allocation, given that CAR remains vulnerable to shocks. I. Objectives of the document 14. From environmental preliminary screening point of view, the project is classified as a Category B project. Five safeguard policies are triggered: OP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment); OP 4.11 (Physical Cultural Resources); OP/PB 4.36 (Forests); and OP 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement). Given the fragility and emergency situation in CAR, it was agreed to defer the preparation of safeguards instruments. However, this Environmental and Social Safeguards Action Plan (ESSAP), consistent with Bank operational policies and procedures, investment operations subject to OP 10.00, paragraph 12, Projects in Situations of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints, has been prepared. 15. This ESSAP provides a time-bound planning framework for the environmental and social safeguards instruments, the production of which has been deferred to the project implementation period under paragraph 12 of OP10.00, allowing for condensed procedures and deferral of the safeguards instruments in situations of urgent need for assistance. The ESSAP is supplemented by information on policies, guidelines, codes of practice and procedures to be adhered to and mainstreamed into the Project. The objective of the ESSAP is to ensure that the planned project activities and related Environmental and Social assessment and management instruments and processes will be in compliance with the national legislation of CAR and the World Bank’s operational safeguards policies, and are duly and diligently implemented in a logical sequence with the environmentally and socially relevant project activities. II. General Principles 16. Recognizing the emergency nature of the proposed operation and the related need for providing immediate assistance, while at the same time ensuring due diligence in managing potential environmental and social risks, this document is based on the following principles:  The proposed operation will support rural roads rehabilitation and road safety and maintenance improvement in two regions of the CAR. To ensure effective application of the World Bank’s safeguard policies, the ESSAP provides guidance on the approach to be taken during project implementation for the selection and design of activities and the planning of mitigation measures;  It is not that there will be anticipated major resettlement issues in any of the proposed activities under this Project. However, Resettlement Action Plans (RAPs) will be prepared;  The proposed emergency operation will finance feasibility and detailed design studies for these road improvements, which will include environmental assessments and social studies as required by the World Bank safeguard policies;  Employment opportunities within the project activity areas will be targeted and extended, as much as possible, to the hosted communities. In all project activities which require consultations with local communities or beneficiaries, consultations will be conducted to elicit the views of the male and female population; and  Consultation and disclosure requirements will be simplified to meet the special needs of these operations. This ESSAP will be disclosed in-country in the concerned sector ministries and other public places and at the World Bank InfoShop. III. Environmental and Social Safeguards Action Plan (ESSAP) 17. This ESSAP has been developed specifically for these proposed operations to ensure due diligence, to avoid causing harm, and to ensure consistent treatment of social and environmental issues by the Government of Central African Republic and the World Bank. The purpose of this Plan is also to assist the Government Project implementation team in screening all the project activities for their likely social and environmental impacts, identifying documentation and preparation requirements and prioritizing the investments. 18. OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment. Project activities mainly related to reopening and development of rural roads may have environmental and social impacts. The scope, nature and scale of these potential impacts are not known during the project preparation. ESIAs/ESMPs will be prepared for the rehabilitation and maintenance of the selected road sections no later than six months after effectiveness. It is not anticipated that OP 4.09, OP 4.37, OP 7.50 and OP 7.60 will be triggered in this project. 19. OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement. This policy is triggered in case there is a need for minor re-alignments or removal of structures along the existing Right of Way (RoW) for the proposed roadside civil works. Project activities will be screened for applicability of the resettlement policy and any activity involving involuntary resettlement or land acquisition will only be approved after preparation of a resettlement plan acceptable to the Bank. Several issues will increase the complexity of land acquisition - the lack of reliable land record systems, and the inability of people losing land to either document ownership or be physically present to make their claims for eligibility. The RAPs will therefore include procedures for identifying eligible project-affected people, calculating and delivering compensation, and mechanisms for land dispute grievance redress. 20. The resettlement (OP 4.12) will concern the people and the property of the communities bordering roads to be rehabilitated and maintained. Given the long lasting political crisis in CAR and possible land disputes between residents and to ensure effective poverty reduction, the borrower will prepare Resettlement Action Plans during project execution and implement measures to minimize and mitigate adverse social impacts, particularly on poor and vulnerable groups. Well documented consultation mechanisms will be required to establish eligibility for compensation. Absent affected persons who later claim compensation will require clear legal remedies to resolve or adjudicate disputes. 21. OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources. The proposed operation is not expected to pose risks of damaging cultural property. Because of the possibility that artifacts could be revealed during excavations associated with rural roads rehabilitation, the safeguard documents will include provisions of “Chance Finds” procedures to ensure that these aspects will be taken into account a then reflected in the contractors’ ToR. IV. Sequencing and, if practical, tentative implementation schedule for safeguards processing 22. Sequencing of safeguards instruments during project implementation. The following time- bound deployment of the above described safeguards instruments is anticipated to manage and mitigate the potential adverse impacts. a. Prior to project approval: Finalization of TOR and signature of contract to prepare ESIAs/ESMPs and RAPs with funds from Project Preparation Advance. b. Prior to project effectiveness: Publication of this ESSAP. c. Immediately after project effectiveness: Drafting of works contracts to include a requirement to comply with ESIAs/ESMPs and RAPs once these become available, and with the measures prescribed in this ESSAP in the interim prior to the publication of the above-mentioned instruments. d. During project implementation: i. Preparation time for safeguards instruments, including Bank review, revisions, clearance, and approval steps. The preparation of the specific ESIAs and RAPs for the rehabilitation and maintenance of the selected road sections in the North-West and North-East regions is estimated to require a maximum time period of about 6 months, including Bank review and approval, disclosure, consultations and finalization. ii. Implementation of interim measures prescribed in this ESSAP for works to be conducted under Component 1 until such time as ESIAs/RAPs are published at which time the latter will supersede the interim measures. Supervision of safeguard measures to be ensured by the PIU. iii. Capacity building of the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) for environmental and social management, supervised of ESIAs/RAPs for specific project activities, including an explanation of the negative list, incorporation of environmental and social clauses in the bidding documents and works contracts. 23. Implementation of safeguards instruments. The PIU hosted within the Ministry of Transport will be responsible of the implementation of the environmental and social prescriptions, including the interim measures prescribed in this ESSAP, as well as the ESIAs/ESMPs and RAPs when these are published. All safeguards documents will be reviewed by the Bank. V. Safeguard Screening and Mitigation 24. The selection, design, contracting, monitoring and evaluation of project activities will be consistent with the following guidelines, codes of practice and requirements. The safeguard screening and mitigation process will include:  A list of negative characteristics rendering a proposed activity ineligible for support, Attachment 1;  A proposed checklist of likely environment and social impacts to be filled out for each activity, Attachment 2;  Guidelines for land and asset acquisition, entitlements and compensation, Attachment 3;  Procedures for the protection of cultural property, including the chance discovery of archaeological artifacts, unrecorded graveyards and burial sites, Attachment 4;  Relevant elements of the codes of practice for the prevention and mitigation of potential environmental impacts, Attachment 5; and  A sample Environmental Safeguards procedures for Inclusion in the Technical Specifications of Contracts, Attachment 6. VI. Responsibilities for Safeguard Screening and Mitigation 25. The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) within the Ministry of Transport be will be responsible for following up all safeguards concerns and would also ensure that all safeguard screening and mitigation requirements to each project activities will be applied. The overall responsibility for environmental and social regulations and safeguards compliance will be with the Environmental and Social Unit within the Transport Ministry who is working closely with the Ministry in charge of Environment. VII. Capacity-Building and Monitoring of Safeguard Implementation 26. As part of the capacity-building to be provided for implementation of the proposed operations, the PIU will also receive additional training in ESSAP’s application from the Bank’s safeguards specialists. During supervision of the operations, the World Bank will assess the implementation of the ESSAP, and recommend additional strengthening, if required. VIII. Consultation and Disclosure 27. This ESSAP will be translated in French and shared with the Government of CAR, concerned nongovernmental organizations and development partners, and will be disclosed in country and at the World Bank’s website before project effectiveness. The implementing agency will consult project-affected groups and local nongovernmental organizations on the project's environmental and social aspects, and will take their views into account. The implementing agency will initiate these consultations as early as possible, and for meaningful consultations, will provide relevant material in a timely manner prior to consultation, in a form and language(s) that are understandable and accessible to the groups being consulted. The safeguards documents (ESIAs, RAPs, ESMPs…) will be disclosed after Bank review as final draft versions, for a period no less than 30 days, during which the Recipient will organize consultations for the affected stakeholders. Attachment 1: List of Negative Project Attributes Activities with any of the attributes listed below will be ineligible for support. Attributes of Ineligible Activities Natural Habitats Concerning Activities that involve significant conversion or degradation of critical natural habitats, regardless of their formal legal protection status. Such habitats may e.g. include:  Wildlife Reserves  Ecologically-sensitive ecosystems  Parks or Sanctuaries  Protected areas, natural habitat areas  Forests and forest reserves  Wetlands  National parks or game reserves  Any other environmentally sensitive areas Physical Cultural Resources Damage physical cultural resources, notwithstanding the type of PCR and the scale of the damage. Such PCR may e.g. include, but would not be limited to:  Archaeological sites, structures or objects  Religious monuments or structures  Works of art, artifacts  Natural sites or objects, e.g. trees, rocks, rock formations, hills, forests, rivers (or their sources) or lakes with cultural or religious values  Cemeteries, graveyards, and graves  Sites of any other cultural or religious significance Attachment 2: Environmental and Social Assessment Screening Form This section outlines the selection criteria and associated Environmental and Social Assessment procedures to be applied when screening project activities. This form is to be used by the PIU Safeguards specialist of the relevant sector ministry to screen all proposed project activities. Environmental and Social Assessment Screening Form I Basic Data Sector: Line Ministry: Name of Project: Name of Project activity: Project activity Objective: Project activity Location: Scope of Civil Works: Estimated Project activity Costs: Proposed Date for Commencement of Work: Technical Specifications Reviewed: Yes __ No __ II Site Description Site Features Description Physical description of the site Site drainage Proximity of existing wells Types of soil Presence and type of vegetation What is the current land use? Who identified the site? Who is the owner of the land? Who occupies the land? III Project and/or Project activity Site Related Considerations Issues Yes No Comments Is the project activity located in an area with endangered or conservation worthy ecosystems, fauna or flora? Is the project activity located in an area within 500 meters of national forests, protected areas, wilderness areas, wetlands, biodiversity, critical habitats, or sites of historical or cultural importance? Is the project activity located in an area which would create a barrier for the movement of conservation-worthy wildlife? Is the project activity located close to groundwater sources, surface water bodies, water courses or wetlands? Is the project activity in an area that would require land acquisition or restriction of access to natural resources in a protected area? Is the project activity located in an area with designated cultural properties such as archaeological, historical and/or religious sites? Is the project activity in an area with religious monuments, structures and/or cemeteries? Is the project activity in a polluted or contaminated area? Is the project activity located in an area of high visual and landscape quality? Is the project activity located in an area susceptible to landslides or erosion? Is the project activity located in an area of seismic faults? Is the project activity located in a densely populated area? Is the project activity located on prime agricultural land? Is the project activity located in an area of tourist importance? Is the project activity located near a waste dump? Does the project activity have access to potable water? Is the project activity located far (1-2 km) from accessible roads? Is the project activity located in an area with a wastewater network? Is the project activity located in the urban plan of the city? Is the project activity located outside the land use plan? IV Project and/or Sub-project Environmental and Social Considerations Zoning and Land Use Planning Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity affect land use zoning and planning or conflict with prevalent land use patterns? Will the project activity involve significant land disturbance or site clearance? Will the project activity land be subject to potential encroachment by urban or industrial use or located in an area intended for urban or industrial development? Utilities and Facilities Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity require the setting up of ancillary production facilities? Will the project activity make significant demands on utilities and services? Will the project activity require significant levels of accommodation or service amenities to support the work force during construction (e.g., contractor will need more than 20 workers)? Water and Soil Contamination Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity require large amounts of raw materials or construction materials? Will the project activity generate large amounts of residual wastes, construction material waste or cause soil erosion? Will the project activity result in potential soil or water contamination (e.g., from oil, grease and fuel from equipment yards)? Will the project activity lead to contamination of ground and surface waters by herbicides for vegetation control and chemicals (e.g., calcium chloride) for dust control? Will the project activity lead to an increase in suspended sediments in streams affected by road cut erosion, decline in water quality and increased sedimentation downstream? Will the project activity involve the use of chemicals or solvents? Will the project activity lead to the destruction of vegetation and soil in the right-of-way, borrow pits, waste dumps, and equipment yards? Will the project activity lead to the creation of stagnant water bodies in borrow pits, quarries, encouraging for mosquito breeding and other disease vectors? Noise and Air Pollution Hazardous Substances Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity increase the levels of harmful air emissions? Will the project activity increase ambient noise levels? Will the project activity involve the storage, handling or transport of hazardous substances? Fauna and Flora Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity involve the disturbance or modification of existing drainage channels (rivers, canals) or surface water bodies (wetlands, marshes)? Will the project activity lead to the destruction or damage of terrestrial or aquatic ecosystems or endangered species directly or by induced development? Will the project activity lead to the disruption/destruction of wildlife through interruption of migratory routes, disturbance of wildlife habitats, and noise- related problems? Destruction or Disturbance of Land and Vegetation Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity lead to unplanned use of the infrastructure being developed? Will the project activity lead to long-term or semi-permanent destruction of soils in cleared areas not suited for agriculture? Will the project activity lead to the interruption of subsoil and overland drainage patterns (in areas of cuts and fills)? Will the project activity lead to landslides, slumps, slips and other mass movements in road cuts? Will the project activity lead to erosion of lands below the roadbed receiving concentrated outflow carried by covered or open drains? Will the project activity lead to long-term or semi-permanent destruction of soils in cleared areas not suited for agriculture? Will the project activity lead to health hazards and interference of plant growth adjacent to roads by dust raised and blown by vehicles? Physical Cultural Resources Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity have an impact on archaeological or historical sites, including historic urban areas? Will the project activity have an impact on religious monuments, structures and/or cemeteries? Have Chance Finds procedures been prepared for use in the project activity? Expropriation and Social Disturbance Issues Yes No Comments Will the project activity involve land expropriation or demolition of existing structures? Will the project activity lead to induced settlements by workers and others causing social and economic disruption? Will the project activity lead to environmental and social disturbance by construction camps? Other Social Impacts Issues Observations Number of project affected people (PAPs) How will PAPs be affected by the proposed interventions and what is the magnitude of the impact? Will there be any new permanent or temporary job opportunities created for local residents? What are the potential impacts on human health? What are the potential impacts on vulnerable or marginalized groups? Planning Phase Will the project involve acquisition of a new plot(s) of land? If yes, explain arrangements for replacing assets with the same or better in terms of quantity and quality. If no, find alternate site or prepare a RAP or ARAP according to OP 4.12. Construction Phase 1. Will construction or operation of the Project use large amounts of local natural resources such as water, timber, gravel from river beds, stones or any resources which are non-renewable or in short supply? Yes No 2. Will the Project involve use, store, transport or hand substances harmful to human health or the environment? Yes No 3. Will the Project produce solid waste during construction or decommissioning? Yes No 4. Will construction require the use of heavy machinery or equipment? Yes No Operation Phase 5. Will the Project result in the production of solid waste during the operational phase? Yes No 6. Will the Project result in the production of hazardous waste during the operational phase? Yes No 7. Will the Project produce waste water that requires drainage? Yes No 8. Will the Project accumulate rain water that requires drainage? Yes No 9. Will the Project require more than basic community management of the services? Yes No Recommended Action Are all of the answers ‘NO’ Are any of the answers ‘YES’ If all the above answers are ’NO’, then there is no need for further action and the proposed action is to proceed with the proposed project intervention or project activity following ESSAP guidelines. If there is at least one ‘YES’ answer, are there appropriate mitigation m easures that can be adopted so as to minimize the adverse impacts of the activity? If so, please describe the mitigation measures to be adopted as part of the implementation procedures of the proposed project intervention or project activity is to be financed: The completed form should be sent for review and approval to the Project Manager of the relevant PCU. If any of the aforementioned answers are “Yes”, then the Project Manager will take the final decision as to whether to clear the proposed project intervention or project activity for implementation, based on the safeguards specialists screening and set of recommended mitigation measures. Recommendation Signatures Signed by Safeguards Specialist Signed by Project Manager Note: One copy of the completed and signed form and accompanying documentation will be filed and kept in the PCU office. Attachment 3: Guidelines for Land and Asset Acquisition A. Objectives 1. The overall objective of the ESSAP is to ensure that resettlement and land acquisition will be kept to a minimum, and will be carried out in accordance with these guidelines. Project activity proposals that would require demolishing structures or acquiring land should be carefully reviewed to minimize or avoid their impacts through alternative alignments. Proposals that require more than minor expansion along rights of way should be carefully reviewed. No land or asset acquisition may take place outside of these guidelines. A format for a Land Acquisition Assessment Data Sheet is attached. 2. These guidelines provide principles and instructions to compensate negatively affected persons to ensure that they will be assisted to improve, or at least to restore, their living standards, income earning or production capacity to pre-project levels regardless of their land tenure status. II. Categorization 3. Based on the number of persons that may be affected by the project, Project Affected People (PAPs) and the magnitude of impacts, projects may fall under one of the following: (a) Projects that will affect more than 200 project affected persons (PAPs), due to land acquisition and/or physical relocation, a full Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) must be produced. (b) Projects that will affect less than 200 persons do not require a full-scale RAP, but would need an Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan (ARAP) and the following documentation: (i) a land acquisition assessment, (ii) the minutes or record of consultations which assess the compensation claimed and agreement reached, and (iii) a record of the receipt of the compensation, or voluntary donation, by those affected (see below). (c) Projects that are not expected to have any land acquisition or any other significant adverse social impacts; on the contrary, significant positive social impact and improved livelihoods are expected from such interventions – these do not require a RAP, ARAP or related document. III. Eligibility 4. PAPs are identified as persons whose livelihood is directly affected by the project due to acquisition of the land owned or used by them. PAPs deemed eligible for compensation are: (a) those who have formal legal rights to land, water resources or structures/buildings, including recognized customary and traditional rights; (b) those who do not have such formal legal rights but have a claim to usufruct rights or occupancy rights, some of which may be rooted in customary law; and (c) those whose claim to land and water resources or building/structures do not fall within (a) and (b) above, are eligible to resettlement assistance to restore their livelihood. IV. Acquisition of Productive Assets and Compensation 5. PAPs are eligible for replacement costs for lost assets as described below: (a) Voluntary contributions. Individuals may elect to voluntarily contribute land or assets provided the persons making such contributions do so willingly and are informed that they have the right to refuse such contributions; and (b) Contributions against compensation. A contributor/asset loser considered "affected" will be eligible for compensation and other necessary assistance. 6. Voluntary contribution should be clearly documented to confirm the voluntary nature of the transition. The documentation should specify that the land is free of any squatters, encroachers or other claims. A format is shown in Attachment 3(i), which includes a Schedule for assessing any compensation claimed and the agreement reached. V. Compensation Principles 7. The project implementation agencies will ensure timely provision of the following means of compensation to affected peoples: (a) Project affected peoples losing access to a portion of their land or other productive assets with the remaining assets being economically viable are entitled to compensation at a replacement cost for that portion of land or assets lost to them. Compensation for the lost assets will be made according to the following principles: (i) replacement land with an equally productive plot, cash or other equivalent productive assets; (ii) materials and assistance to fully replace solid structures that will be demolished; (iii) replacement of damaged or lost crops and trees, at market value; (iv) other acceptable in-kind compensation; (v) in case of cash compensation, the delivery of compensation should be made in public, i.e., at the Community Meeting; and (vi) in case of physical relocation, provision of civic infrastructure at the resettlement sites. (b) PAPs losing access to a portion of their land or other economic assets rendering the remainder economically non-viable will have the options of compensation for the entire asset by provision of alternative land, cash or equivalent productive asset, according to the principles in (a) i-iv above. VI. Consultation Process 8. The implementing agencies will ensure that all occupants of land and owners of assets located in a proposed project activity area are consulted. Community meetings will be held in each affected district and village to inform the local population of their rights to compensation and options available in accordance with these Guidelines. The Minutes of the community meetings shall reflect the discussions held, agreements reached, and include details of the agreement, based on the format provided in Attachment 3(ii). 9. The implementing agency shall provide a copy of the Minutes to affected people and confirm in discussions with each of them, their requests and preferences for compensation, agreements reached, and any eventual complaint. Copies will be recorded in the posted project documentation and be available for inspection during supervision. Project and/or Sub-project Approval 10. In the event that a project activity involves acquisition against compensation, the implementing agency shall: (a) not approve the project activity unless satisfactory compensation has been agreed between the affected person and the local community; and (b) not allow works to start until the compensation has been delivered in a satisfactory manner to the affected persons. Complaints and Grievances 11. Initially, all complaints should be negotiated to reach an agreement at the local community/village/district level. If this fails, complaints and grievances on these Guidelines, implementation of the agreements recorded in the Community Meeting Minutes or any alleged irregularity in carrying out the project can also be addressed by the affected peoples or their representative at the municipal or district level. If this also fails, the complaint may be submitted to the relevant implementing agency for consideration. Verification 12. The Community Meeting Minutes, including agreements of compensation and evidence of compensation made shall be provided to the Municipality/district, to the supervising engineers, who will maintain a record hereof, and to auditors and socio-economic monitors when they undertake reviews and post-project assessment. This process shall be specified in all relevant project documents, including details of the relevant authority for complaints at the municipal/district or implementing agency level. Land Acquisition Assessment Data Sheet (To be used to record information on all land to be acquired) 1. Quantities of land/structures/other assets required: 2. Date to be acquired: 3. Locations: 4. Owners: 5. Current uses: 6. Users: • Number of Customary Claimants: • Number of Squatters: • Number of Encroachers: • Number of Owners: • Number of Tenants: • Others (specify): ______________________ Number: ___________________ 7. How land/structures/other assets will be acquired (identify one): • Donation • Purchase 8. Transfer of Title: • Ensure these lands/structures/other assets are free of claims or encumbrances. • Written proof must be obtained (notarized or witnessed statements) for the voluntary donation, or acceptance of the prices paid from those affected, together with proof of title being vested in the community, or guarantee of public access, by the title-holder. 9. Describe grievance mechanisms available: Format to Document Contribution of Assets The following agreement has been made on............................ day of...................………. between...............................................resident of ............................................ (the Owner) and ……………………………………………….(the Recipient). 1. That the Owner holds the transferable right of ........................………………………donum of land/structure/asset in.........……………………………………………………………………………. 2. That the Owner testifies that the land/structure is free of squatters or encroachers and not subject to other claims. 3. That the Owner hereby grants to the Recipient this asset for the construction and development of................................for the benefit of the villagers and the public at large. (Either, in case of donation:) 4. That the Owner will not claim any compensation against the grant of this asset. (Or, in case of compensation:) 5. That the Owner will receive compensation against the grant of this asset as per the attached Schedule. 6. That the Recipient agrees to accept this grant of asset for the purposes mentioned. 7. That the Recipient shall construct and develop the……………………and take all possible precautions to avoid damage to adjacent land/structure/other assets. 8. That both the parties agree that the………………………so constructed/developed shall be public premises. 9. That the provisions of this agreement will come into force from the date of signing of this deed. ___________________________________ _____________________________________ Signature of the Owner Signature of the Recipient Witnesses: 1. _____________________________ 2. ______________________________ Schedule of Compensation of Asset Requisition Summary of Units to be Compensated Agreed Compensation Affected Unit/Item a. Urban/agricultural land (m2): _____________________ ___________________ b. Houses/structures to be demolished (units/m2): _____________________ ___________________ c. Type of structure to be demolished (e.g. mud, brick, cement block, etc.,) _____________________ Not Applicable. d. Trees or crops affected: _____________________ ___________________ e. Water sources affected: _____________________ ___________________ Signatures of local community representatives: Include record of any complaints raised by affected persons: Map attached (showing affected areas and replacement areas): Attachment 4: Procedures for the protection of cultural property, including the chance discovery of archaeological artifacts, unrecorded graveyards and burial sites Chance finds procedures should be incorporated into the ESMP and civil works contracts. The following wording is proposed: If the Contractor discovers archeological sites, historical sites, remains and objects, including graveyards and/or individual graves during excavation or construction, the Contractor shall: - Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find; - Delineate the discovered site or area; - Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be arranged until the responsible local authorities or the [Relevant Ministry] take over; - Notify the supervisory Project Environmental Officer and Project Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the [Relevant Ministry] immediately (within 24 hours or less); Responsible local authorities and the [Relevant Ministry] would then be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archaeologists of the [Relevant Ministry]. The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage, namely the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values. Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the responsible authorities and the [Relevant Ministry]. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding irremovable remains of cultural or archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage. Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by relevant local authorities. Construction work may resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities or the [Relevant Ministry] concerning safeguard of the heritage. Attachment 5: Codes of Practice for Prevention and Mitigation of Adverse Environmental and Social Impacts The World Bank Group’s General Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines include comprehensive treatment in the following areas: Environment, Air Emissions and Ambient Air Quality, Energy Conservation, Wastewater and Ambient Water Quality, Water Conservation, Hazardous Materials Management, Waste Management, Noise, Contaminated Land, Occupational Health and Safety, General Facility Design and Operation, Communication and Training, Physical Hazards, Chemical Hazards, Biological Hazards, Radiological Hazards, Personal Protective Equipment, Special Hazard Environments, Monitoring, Community Health and Safety, Water Quality and Availability, Structural Safety of Project Infrastructure, Life and Fire Safety, Traffic Safety, Transport of Hazardous Materials, Disease Prevention, Emergency Preparedness and Response, Construction and Decommissioning, Environment, Occupational Health & Safety, Community Health & Safety. These guidelines must be applied in order to ensure compliance with Bank policies. Adverse Environmental and Social Sector Mitigation Measures Impacts Housing and Disease caused by inadequate Environmentally appropriate site Public Buildings provision of water and sanitation selection led by application of the Construction or services. environmental and social screening rehabilitation of Deforestation caused by form provided in Attachment 4, public office unsustainable use of timber and design and construction guidance, building, clinics, wood-firing of bricks. and a procedure for ensuring that schools, Generation of waste materials. this guidance is followed before administrator Disturbances during construction construction is approved. housing (dust, noise) and contamination from inadequate sanitation Replace timber beams with concrete facilities. where structurally possible. Acquisition of land. Ensure fired bricks are not wood- fired. Where technically and economically feasible, substitute fired bricks with alternatives, such as sun-dried mud bricks, compressed earth bricks, or rammed earth construction. Ensure engineering designs include adequate sanitary latrines and access to safe water. Handling of waste during building renovation will require appropriate disposal of waste materials and the protection of the workforce in the event of asbestos removal or that of other toxic materials. Preparation of a RAP or ARAP. Health Environmental pollution and Preparation of a medical waste Health Care Waste human contamination from the management plan to include the is defined as the following waste streams: following elements: total waste stream ·Infectious waste has the potential Purchase of medical supplies and from a healthcare of transmitting infectious agents to their disposal in accordance with establishment. humans (e.g., cultures and stocks; WHO guidelines. And, appropriate tissues; dressings, swabs or other handling and disposal guidelines for items soaked with blood; syringe all types of medical waste according needles; scalpels; diapers; blood to the WB/IFC Environmental Health bags). Guidelines. ·Anatomic waste consists of Segregation of materials which are recognizable body parts. able to be reused or recycled to ·Pharmaceutical: Consisting of or reduce the impact burden of this containing pharmaceuticals, waste stream. ·Chemical waste Consisting of or containing chemical substances. ·Heavy Metals: Consisting of materials and equipment with heavy metals and derivatives (e.g., batteries, thermometers). ·Radioactive materials: Include unused liquids from radiotherapy or laboratory research. Sanitation Water supply contaminations, Where pit latrines are used they Latrines including: Groundwater should be located more than 10m contamination due to seepage and from any water source. The base contamination of surface waters should be sealed and separated due to flooding or over-flowing. vertically by not less than 2m of sand Disease caused by poor handling or loamy soil from the ground water practices of waste, including table. inadequate excreta disposal or inappropriate use of latrines. Where latrines or septic tanks are built they should be sealed. Outflows should drain either to an appropriate channel located at least 10m from any water source or be connected to a working drain. Septic tanks should not be constructed nor septic waste collected unless primary and secondary treatment and safe disposal is available. Due diligence to siting requirements for construction of Ventilated Improved Pit latrines to avoid contamination of wells and the water table. Waste should be handled using protective clothing to prevent any contamination of workers skin or clothes. Protective clothing and appropriate containers for waste transportation to be provided. Where waste is collected for agricultural use it should be stored for a sufficient period to destroy pathogens through composting. At the minimum it should be stored in direct sunlight and turned regularly for a period of at least 6 weeks. Health and hygiene capacity building program to be provided for all latrine users. Maintenance training to be delivered along with new latrines. Solid Waste Disease caused by inadequate Solid waste management plan to Solid waste collection and disposal, including include the following elements: generation across health risks from: pests, burning of Safe waste disposal awareness sectors solid waste and industrial waste. program. Contamination of water supply. Lateral seepage into surface Sufficient frequency of collection waters. from transfer stations. Seepage of contaminants into aquifers. Containment of waste during Contamination from clandestine collection and transfer. dumping. Promote separation at source to reduce spreading by waste-pickers during recycling. Minimize burning of plastics. Separate collection and disposal system for medical or hazardous waste. Assess requirement for additional investment in final disposal site. Site transfer stations should have sealed base and be located at least 15m away from water sources with the base separated vertically by not less than 2m of sand or loamy soil from the ground water table. Monitoring of disposal site to prevent illegal dumping. Transport Displacement of communities. Preparation of an EA, EMP and RAP Repair, Loss of shelter, income and assets. or ARAP, with the following elements rehabilitation and Potential conflict over land use. considered: maintenance of Child labor. priority roads and Health and HIV AIDs concerns with Design to prevent soil erosion and basic transport the influx of labor. maintain slope stability. Physical infrastructure Degradation and erosion of lands. stabilization of erodible surfaces Accumulation of sediments in through turf establishment, planting streams, increase in runoff and a wide range of vegetation, and flooding, disturbance of creating slope breaks. vegetation. Disruption of drainage. Construction in the dry season. Protection of soil surfaces during construction. Rehabilitation and re-grading of borrow pits and material collection sites. Minimize loss of natural vegetation during construction. Design to include accessibility to road sides in case roadbed is raised. Alternative alignments to avoid bisecting villages by road widening. Provision of fuel at work camps to prevent cutting of firewood. Provision of sanitation at work camps. Removal of work camp waste, proper disposal of oil, bitumen and other hazardous wastes. Management of construction period worker health and safety. Water Supply Contamination by seepage from Preparation of an EA, EMP, RAP or Drilling new latrines, municipal waste or ARAP, with the following measures boreholes, agricultural areas. considered: construction of Poor absorption, frequent runoff water ponds and and contamination of water Test water supply on a regular basis repairing of sources are among the major to detect contamination and ensure boreholes negative impacts that might arise the adequacy of water quality. from inappropriate siting and Repair and engineering design. Siting of boreholes and open water rehabilitation of reservoirs decided through a existing water Discharge of raw sewage to water screening and consultative process. schemes. bodies can adversely affect water quality and aquatic life. Removal of debris by screening at the discharge point or use of Displacement of people from their settlement ponds prior to discharge. homes and land, a reduction or loss of livelihood activities and Connection to an existing sewage incomes; interruption or facility should not be conducted without ensuring that the capacity of inconvenience of services the existing system is adequate to rendered accommodate the additional collected sewage. High mineral concentrations. Creation of stagnant pools of water. Accident to human and livestock. Increase incidence of water borne disease. Impact on cultural and religious sensitive areas. Erosion Attachment 6: Sample Environmental Safeguards Procedures for Inclusion in the Technical Specifications of Contracts. I. General 1. The Contractor and his employees shall adhere to the mitigation measures set down and take all other measures required by the Engineer to prevent harm, and to minimize the impact of his operations on the environment. 2. The Contractor shall not be permitted to unnecessarily strip clear the right of way. The Contractor shall only clear the minimum width for construction and diversion roads should not be constructed alongside the existing road. 3. Remedial actions which cannot be effectively carried out during construction should be carried out on completion of each Section of the road (earthworks, pavement and drainage) and before issuance of the Taking Over Certificate:  these sections should be landscaped and any necessary remedial works should be undertaken without delay, including grassing and reforestation;  water courses should be cleared of debris and drains and culverts checked for clear flow paths; and  borrow pits should be dressed as fish ponds, or drained and made safe, as agreed with the land owner. 4. The Contractor shall limit construction works to between 6 am and 7 pm if it is to be carried out in or near residential areas. 5. The Contractor shall avoid the use of heavy or noisy equipment in specified areas at night, or in sensitive areas such as near a hospital. 6. To prevent dust pollution during dry periods, the Contractor shall carry out regular watering of earth and gravel haul roads and shall cover material haulage trucks with tarpaulins to prevent spillage. II. Transport 7. The Contractor shall use selected routes to the project site, as agreed with the Engineer, and appropriately sized vehicles suitable to the class of road, and shall restrict loads to prevent damage to roads and bridges used for transportation purposes. The Contractor shall be held responsible for any damage caused to the roads and bridges due to the transportation of excessive loads, and shall be required to repair such damage to the approval of the Engineer. 8. The Contractor shall not use any vehicles, either on or off road with grossly excessive, exhaust or noise emissions. In any built up areas, noise mufflers shall be installed and maintained in good condition on all motorized equipment under the control of the Contractor. 9. Adequate traffic control measures shall be maintained by the Contractor throughout the duration of the Contract and such measures shall be subject to prior approval of the Engineer. III. Workforce 10. The Contractor should whenever possible locally recruit the majority of the workforce and shall provide appropriate training as necessary. 11. The Contractor shall install and maintain a temporary septic tank system for any residential labor camp and without causing pollution of nearby watercourses. 12. The Contractor shall establish a method and system for storing and disposing of all solid wastes generated by the labour camp and/or base camp. 13. The Contractor shall not allow the use of fuel wood for cooking or heating in any labor camp or base camp and provide alternate facilities using other fuels. 14. The Contractor shall ensure that site offices, depots, asphalt plants and workshops are located in appropriate areas as approved by the Engineer and not within 500 meters of existing residential settlements and not within 1,000 meters for asphalt plants. 15. The Contractor shall ensure that site offices, depots and particularly storage areas for diesel fuel and bitumen and asphalt plants are not located within 500 meters of watercourses, and are operated so that no pollutants enter watercourses, either overland or through groundwater seepage, especially during periods of rain. This will require lubricants to be recycled and a ditch to be constructed around the area with an approved settling pond/oil trap at the outlet. 16. The contractor shall not use fuel wood as a means of heating during the processing or preparation of any materials forming part of the Works. IV. Quarries and Borrow Pits 17. Operation of a new borrow area, on land, in a river, or in an existing area, shall be subject to prior approval of the Engineer, and the operation shall cease if so instructed by the Engineer. Borrow pits shall be prohibited where they might interfere with the natural or designed drainage patterns. River locations shall be prohibited if they might undermine or damage the river banks, or carry too much fine material downstream. 18. The Contractor shall ensure that all borrow pits used are left in a trim and tidy condition with stable side slopes, and are drained ensuring that no stagnant water bodies are created which could breed mosquitoes. 19. Rock or gravel taken from a river shall be far enough removed to limit the depth of material removed to one-tenth of the width of the river at any one location, and not to disrupt the river flow, or damage or undermine the river banks. 20. The location of crushing plants shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer, and not be close to environmentally sensitive areas or to existing residential settlements, and shall be operated with approved fitted dust control devices. V. Earthworks 21. Earthworks shall be properly controlled, especially during the rainy season. 22. The Contractor shall maintain stable cut and fill slopes at all times and cause the least possible disturbance to areas outside the prescribed limits of the work. 23. The Contractor shall complete cut and fill operations to final cross-sections at any one location as soon as possible and preferably in one continuous operation to avoid partially completed earthworks, especially during the rainy season. 24. In order to protect any cut or fill slopes from erosion, in accordance with the drawings, cut off drains and toe-drains shall be provided at the top and bottom of slopes and be planted with grass or other plant cover. Cut off drains should be provided above high cuts to minimize water runoff and slope erosion. 25. Any excavated cut or unsuitable material shall be disposed of in designated tipping areas as agreed to by the Engineer. 26. Tips should not be located where they can cause future slides, interfere with agricultural land or any other properties, or cause soil from the dump to be washed into any watercourse. Drains may need to be dug within and around the tips, as directed by the Engineer. VI. Historical and Archaeological Sites 27. If the Contractor discovers archaeological sites, historical sites, remains and objects, including graveyards and/or individual graves during excavation or construction, the Contractor shall: (a) Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find. (b) Delineate the discovered site or area. (c) Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be present until the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture take over. (d) Notify the supervisory Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture immediately (less than 24 hours). (e) Contact the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture who would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on the proper procedures to be carried out. (f) This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archaeologists of the Ministry of Culture (within 72 hours). The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage, including the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values. (g) Ensure that decisions on how to handle the finding be taken by the responsible authorities and the Ministry of Culture. This could include changes in the layout (such as when the finding is an irremovable remain of cultural or archaeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage. (h) Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by the Ministry of Culture; and (i) Construction work will resume only after authorization is given by the responsible local authorities and the Ministry of Culture concerning the safeguard of the heritage. VII. Disposal of Construction and Vehicle Waste 28. Debris generated due to the dismantling of the existing structures shall be suitably reused, to the extent feasible, in the proposed construction (e.g. as fill materials for embankments). The disposal of remaining debris shall be carried out only at sites identified and approved by the project engineer. The contractor should ensure that these sites (a) are not located within designated forest areas; (b) do not impact natural drainage courses; and (c) do not impact endangered/rare flora. Under no circumstances shall the contractor dispose of any material in environmentally sensitive areas. 29. In the event any debris or silt from the sites is deposited on adjacent land, the Contractor shall immediately remove such, debris or silt and restore the affected area to its original state to the satisfaction of the Supervisor/Engineer. 30. Bentonite slurry or similar debris generated from pile driving or other construction activities shall be disposed of to avoid overflow into the surface water bodies or form mud puddles in the area. 31. All arrangements for transportation during construction including provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, where necessary, will be considered incidental to the work and should be planned and implemented by the contractor as approved and directed by the Engineer. 32. Vehicle/machinery and equipment operations, maintenance and refuelling shall be carried out to avoid spillage of fuels and lubricants and ground contamination. An oil interceptor will be provided for wash down and refuelling areas. Fuel storage shall be located in proper bounded areas. 33. All spills and collected petroleum products shall be disposed of in accordance with standard environmental procedures/guidelines. Fuel storage and refilling areas shall be located at least 300m from all cross drainage structures and important water bodies or as directed by the Engineer.