Technical Renovation Programme on 68 Thousand Tons Bleached Wheat Straw Pulp Extended Delignification Cooking and Clean Bleaching of MCC Meili Paper Industry Co., Ltd Environmental Management Plan Consturction unit: MCC Meili Paper Industry Co., Ltd Assessment unit: Environmental Protection Research Institute of Light Industry September 2011 Contents 1 Overview .......................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Backgroun of programme ...............................................................................................1 1.2 Programme overview.......................................................................................................1 1.3 Basis and Standards.........................................................................................................2 1.3.1 Laws, regulations and documents concerning environmental protection ..............2 1.3.2 Environmental Policies and social policies of the World Bank .............................4 1.3.3 Relevant technical basis.........................................................................................4 1.4 Important environmentally sensitive targets.................................................................5 2 Measures to mitigate environmental impact..............................................................................7 2.1 Measures to mitigate environmental impact in design stage........................................7 2.2 Measures to mitigate environmental impact in construction period.........................10 2.3 Measures to mitigate environmental impact in operation period..............................17 3 Risk control and emergency response management ...............................................................20 3.1 Major risk factors ..........................................................................................................20 3.2 Measure to mitigate environmental risks.....................................................................20 3.2.1 Measures to prevent and treat risks caused by hazardous chemicals...................20 3.2.2 Measures to prevent risks in chlorine dioxide preparation workshop and storage warehouse .....................................................................................................................24 3.2.3 Measures to prevent risks in alkali recovery workshop .......................................25 3.2.4 Measures to prevent fire and explosion risk ........................................................25 3.2.5 Measures to prevent risks of accidental emission ................................................26 3.2.6 Measures to prevent risks of professional health .................................................29 3.3 Emergency response plan..............................................................................................30 3.3.1 General provisions ...............................................................................................31 3.3.2 Organizations and their responsibilities ...............................................................32 3.3.3 Information report and notification......................................................................33 3.3.4 Emergency response and rescue measure ............................................................33 4 Community relations improvement..........................................................................................42 4.1 Problems the community is concerned.........................................................................42 4.2 Community relations improvement plan .....................................................................42 5 Responsibilities of environmental management ......................................................................43 5.1 Management organizations and distribution of responsibilities................................43 5.2 Environmental supervision ..............................................................................................44 5.3 Management of contract party .....................................................................................45 6 Environmental protection monitoring plan .............................................................................47 6.1 Environmental monitoring plan ...................................................................................47 6.1.1 Environmental monitoring during construction period........................................47 6.1.2 Environmental monitoring during operation period ............................................48 6.1.3 Emergency monitoring and tracking monitoring .................................................49 6.1.4 Monitoring facilities ............................................................................................50 6.2 Completion and inspection and acceptance monitoring for “Three at the same time� 1 on environmental protection of construction programme...............................................50 6.3 Standard setting of outlet ..............................................................................................56 6.3.1 Waste water outlet................................................................................................56 6.3.2 Waste gas outlet ...................................................................................................56 6.3.3 Fixed noise source ...............................................................................................56 6.3.4 SW storage yard...................................................................................................56 6.3.5 Establishment of waste outlet record ...................................................................56 6.3.6 Requirements for the setting of sign plate ...........................................................56 7 Environmental protection training plan ..................................................................................58 7.1 goal and content of training ..........................................................................................58 7.2 Budget of training expense ............................................................................................59 8 Environmental management related plan................................................................................60 8.1 Plan of regular environmental impact report..............................................................60 8.2 Environmental protection information exchange plan...............................................60 8.4 Environmental protection monitoring plan.................................................................61 9 Occupational health and safety.................................................................................................63 9.1 Chemical hazard ............................................................................................................63 9.2 Physical hazard ..............................................................................................................64 9.3 Mechanical safety...........................................................................................................65 9.4 Treatment of log .............................................................................................................65 9.5 Wood dust .......................................................................................................................66 9.6 Biological agent ..............................................................................................................66 9.7 Heat .................................................................................................................................66 9.8 Noise ................................................................................................................................67 9.9 Radiation.........................................................................................................................67 10 Legal effect of environmental management plan ..................................................................68 11 Assessment of investment in environmental protection ........................................................70 2 1 Overview 1.1 Background of Programme MCC Meili Paper Industry Co., Ltd is one of the key pulp and paper enterprises in “Strategic research and plan for paper industry development of Ningxia Autonomous region�. The old factory produces bleached wheat straw for internal use and all types of cultural paper and paper board. In recent years, pollutant emission standards and industrial policies concerning pulp and paper industry were issued one after another. A series of problems on existing facilities in old factory of the enterprise were found, including low production efficiency of wheat straw cooking system, high energy consumption of cooking, low yield, poor finished pulp quality, low alkali recovery rate, backward production capacity of some paper-making workshops, which belonged to phase-out type in “Guidance Catalog for Adjustment of Industrial Structure (2011)�. For above reasons, MCC Meili Paper took the chance of key technology of “oxygen delignification and ECF bleaching technology development in wheat straw pulp making� by NDRC (National Development and Reform Committee) to construct this Technical Renovation Programme on 68 Thousand Tons Bleached Wheat Straw Pulp Extended Delignification Cooking and Clean Bleaching by way of leading the old technology with the new technology. This programme received environmental assessment approval and reply from Environmental Protection Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Ning Huan Shen Fa [2009] No. 12) in February 2009, however, the programme was not started at the industrial park of MCC Meili Paper after its approval. In 2011, the enterprise restarted this programme and proposed to change the construction site to the old factory. 1.2 Programme Overview 1. Name of the Programme Technical Renovation Programme on 68 Thousand Tons Bleached Wheat Straw Pulp Extended Delignification Cooking and Clean Bleaching 2. Constrction Unit MCC Meili Paper Industry Co., Ltd 3. Nature of Construction Reconstruction and extention 4. Construction Site and Land Area Occupied It is proposed to construct this programme at the northeast of the factory with the land area of 45000m2. 5. Legal Representative WANG Kun 1 6. Product Plan and Construction Scale The construction scale of this programme is 68 thousand tons bleached wheat straw pulp. Refer to table 1.2.1 for major product criteria. Table 1.2.1 Major Criteria for Bleached Wheat Straw Pulp Product Item Unit Criteria for white pulp 1, whiteness (blue light method) % 80 2, beating degree SR 42 3, wet weight g 2.0 4, residual chlorine g/l 0.015 5, clarity degree of washed pulp mgN/l 20 0.2-1. Less than 7 6, 0 mm2 dust piece/15g 0.5- piece Less than 2 dry pulp 1.0 mm2 More than 1.0 Not allowed to exist mm2 7. Total Investment of the Programme The total investment of the programme was 185.20 million RMB with construction investment of 149.88 million RMB and current fund of 16.00 million RMB. 1.3 Basis and Standards 1.3.1 Laws, regulations and documents concerning environmental protection 1. “Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China�, (December 26th, 1989) 2. “Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution� (September 1st, 2000) 3. “Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution� (June 1st, 2008) 4. “Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes� (April 1st, 2005) 5. “Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution� (March 1st. 1997) 6. “Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Impact Assessment�, (Order of President of PRC (the People's Republic of China) No. 77 issued on October 28th 2002) 7. “Circular Economy Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China�, (Order of President of PRC(the People's Republic of China) No. 4 issued on August 29th 2008) 2 8. “Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Natural Reserves� (December 1st. 1994) 9. “National Development and Reform Commission�, (Order of President of P(the People's Republic of China No. 72 issued on June 29th 2002) 10. “Law of the People's Republic of China on Conserving Energy� (January 1st 1998) 11. “Law of Land Administration of the People's Republic of China� August th 29 1998 12. “Implementation Regulations on Law of Land Administration of the People's Republic of China� June 29th 1991 13. “Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban and Rural Planning� implemented April 1st 1990 14. “Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection�, order of State Council of PRC [1998] No. 253 issued in November 1998 15. “Regulation on Environmental Impact Assessment of Planning� (Order of State Council No.559 on August 17th 2009) 16. “Regulations on the Management of Hazardous Chemicals� (Order of State Council No.344 on March 15th 2002) 17. Decision of the State Council on Several Issues Concerning Environmental Protection (Guo Fa [1996] No. 31) 18. Decision of the State Council on Several Issues Concerning Accelerating the Development of Circular Economy (Guo Fa [2005] No.22 issued on July 2nd 2005) 19. “Decision of the State Council on Implementing Scientific Viewpoint of Development and Strengthening Environmental Protection� (Guo Fa [2005] No. 39 issued on December 3rd 2005) 20. Notice of General Office of the State Council on Strengthening and Regulating the Management of Newly Constructed Programmes (Guo Ban Fa [2007] No. 64 issued on November 17th 2007) 21. “Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Comprehensive Work Scheme of Energy Conservation and Reducing the Discharge of Pollutants� (Guo Fa [2007] No. 15 issued on May 23rd 2007 22. Several Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting Economic and Social Development in Ningxia (Guo Fa [2008] No. 29 issued on September 7th 2008) 23. Opinions of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on Further Strengthening Industrial Water Conservation (Gong Xin Bu Jie [2010] No. 218 issued on May 4th 2010) 3 24. Notice on Printing and Distributing “the rules on development of Cogeneration of Heat and Power� jointly issued by SDPC(State Development Planning Commission), State Economic and Trade Commission, Ministry of Construction and SEPA (state environmental protection administration) (Ji Ji Chu [2000] No. 1268 issued on August 22nd 2000) 25. Notice of SEPA on Strengthening Environmental Impact Assessment Management and Preventing Environmental Risks (Huan Fa [2005] No. 152) 26. “Guidance Catalog for Adjustment of Industrial Structure (2011)� (order of NDRC [2011] No. 9 issued on March 27th 2011 ) 27. “Sulfur dioxide emissions from coal-fired pollution control technology policy� issued by SEPA (Huan Fa [2002] No. 26 issued on January 30th 2002) 28. “Protection Regulations of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Revised version)� (revised on November 19th 2009) 29. “Measures for the Administration of Environmental Protection of Construction Project in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region� implemented on October 1st 2002 30. Notice of Preliminary Hearing System Environmental Protection of Construction Project in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region forwarded by General Office of People’s Government of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Ning Zheng Ban Fa [2001] No. 33 issued on March 5th 2001) 31. “Regulations on Water Conservation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region� (on May 1st 2007) 32. “Measures of Natural Reserve Administration of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region� in October 2002 1.3.2 Environmental Policies and social policies of the World Bank OP/BP4.01 (Environmental Assessment) 1.3.2 Relevant technical basis 1. HJ/T2.1-1993 Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment- general programme� 2 HJ2.2-2008 “Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment- atmospheric environment� 3 HJ/T2.3-1993“Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - surface water� 4 HJ/610-2011“Technical guidelines for environmental impact assessment - underground water� 5 HJ2.4-2009 “Technical guidelines for noise impact assessment� 4 6 HJ19-2011“Technical guidelines for ecological impact assessment- ecological environment� 7 HJ/T169-2004“Technical guidelines for environmental risk assessment on projects� 8 Huan Fa [2006] No. 28 “Interim Procedure On the Public Participation In Environmental Impact Assessment� 9 HJ/T91-2002“Technical specifications requirements for monitoring of surface water and waste water� 10 HJ/T92-2002“Technical requirements for monitoring of total amount of pollutants in waste water� 11 HJ/T164-2004“Technical specifications for environmental monitoring of ground water � 12 HJ/T55-2000“Technical guidelines for fugitive emission monitoring of air pollutants� 13 GB18218-2009“Identification of major hazard installation for dangerous chemicals� 1.4 Important Environmentally Sensitive Targets The major environmental protection factors of the proposed programme are air environment, surface water environment and sound environment. Refer to table 1.4.1 for the major environmental protection targets in assessment scope. Table 1.4.1 List of Major Environmentally Sensitive Points Environmental Distance from Environmental Environmental Protection Direction the Factory Scale Factors Function Target Boundary m Rouyuan Air WNW 520 Residential area Village Government of WNW 1010 Office area Rouyuan Town Shaqu Village NW 1370 Residential area Fanmiao NE 1970 School Primary School Shimiao ENE 490 Shool Primary School Jiaqu Village SW 290 Residential area Zhaojia Shaofang W 45 Residential area (Shimiao Village) Shimiao N 25 Residential area Village 5 Environmental Distance from Environmental Environmental Protection Direction the Factory Scale Factors Function Target Boundary m Xiangjiazhuang SE 0 Residential area (Jiaqu Village) Class III water Surface water Yellow RIver S 1500 -- body Zhaojia Shaofang W 45 Residential area (Shimiao Village) Sound Shimiao N 25 Residential area Village Xiangjiazhuang SE 0 Residential area (Jiaqu Village) 6 2 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact 2.1 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Design Stage Table 2.1 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Design Stage Constru Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures ction Party g Party party MCC Water Pulp making bleaching Apply ECF bleaching technology Meili / / pollution Paper Treated with preliminary sedimentation pool+ regulation pool MCC Environment Waste water emitted from waste Water Monitorin +selection pool+ aeration pool+ secondary sedimentation Meili al Protection water treatment station pollution g Station pool+ coagulative precipitation pool Paper Bureau Waste water emitted from waste water treatment station after meeting the requirements in GB 3544-2001 “Discharge standard of water pollutants for paper making industry� shall MCC Environment Water Monitorin Final emission of waste water enter oxidation pond for further treatment and after mixing Meili al Protection pollution g Station with water from Yellow River, the water quality can meet the Paper Bureau requirements for dry farming in GB 5084-1992 “Standards for irrigation water quality� Current alkali recovery system is equipped with three alkali liquor furnace, the dust in the smoke from 1 # and 2# alkali MCC Environment Emission of smoke from alkali Air Monitorin recovery furnace is removed through 3-electric field, and the Meili al Protection furnace pollution g Station dust in the smoke from 3# alkali recovery furnace is removed Paper Bureau through spraying, washing and water film method. The dust is removed through railroad precipitator, wheat MCC Environment Air Emission of dust of wheat straw straw and dust enter duct collection room for temporary Meili al Protection / pollution storage and are sent to Paper Bureau 7 Constru Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures ction Party g Party party The forest base of MCC Meili Forest Development Co., Ltd for comprehensive utility. This technical renovation programme used R8 to produce chlorine dioxide, the process is simple; the equipments are Emission of waste gas from MCC Environment Air mature, easy to operation and regulate. The tail gas after chlorine dioxide preparation Meili al Protection / pollution washing in chlorine dioxide absorption tower is little. And workshop Paper Bureau nearly no pollutants will be generated during preparation process. MCC Environment Air The coal in the factory is stored outdoor, and the measure of Fugitive emission of waste gas Meili al Protection / pollution spraying is conducted to prevent dust in coal yard. Paper Bureau Wheat straw scraps generated in Material preparation workshop, Wheat straw scraps and dust is used as fertilizer; pulp pulp residues generated in pulp residues is used in paper making workshop; white mud is making section, white mud, SW (Solid temporarily stored in SW storage yard and planned to be used MCC Environment green mud and a small amount of waste) as desulfurizer; green mud and lime residue is land-filled, Meili al Protection / lime residue generated in alkali pollution household waste is transported by environmental health Paper Bureau recovery section, sludge department; sludge generated in waste water treatment station generated in waste water is used as fertilizer in forest base. treatment station 1. equipments with low noise level shall be used to reduce The operation of equipments noise from the source; assign equipments with noise generating noise such as chaff- MCC Environment Noise reasonably, separate low noise area from high noise area; Monitorin cutter, grass chopper, pump and Meili al Protection Pollution place equipment with high noise level away from office area g Station millstone in material preparation Paper Bureau and residential area to reduce the impact of noise. section 2. Strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipment, and 8 Constru Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures ction Party g Party party take sound insulation and sound-proofing measures on mechanical equipments as major noise sources. Install silencer on air hoses according to the spectral characteristics of noise. For key noise sources like air blower room, se noise elimination measure such as noise insulation room or green belt noise insulation screen can be taken under the condition without influencing operation. For pumps or electrical machines, shock absorption measures shall be taken. 3. The noise control in workshop shall refer to the allowable noise level standard of special workshops to select equipments or change working time. Sound insulation operation room can be set up when conditions permit. Workers working in high noise level environment shall wear necessary protection tools and reduce working hours according to stipulation of labor protection standards. 4. Submersible sewage pump shall be used for waste water pump and sludge pump. 5. Transportation of sludge shall comply with specified transportation lines and time to reduce the impact of transportation noise on area near transportation lines. 6. Green belts shall be set in factory or at factory boundary. Plant broad-leave tree species at factory boundary and increase the height of factory wall thus to reduce noise. 9 2.2 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Construction Period Table 2.2 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Construction Period Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party Dust from dismantling and Dust, 1. During dismantling and transportation of waste or old MCC Environment Monitorin transportation of waste or old tail gas, equipments and facilities, land excavation and drilling, water Meili al Protection g Station equipments and facilities, site and shall be sprayed at dry land of dismantling, excavation and Paper Bureau smoothing and clearing, piling, volatile drilling area to maintain certain humidity; during earth and stone excavation and backfill of earth and gas backfill, water shall be sprayed at dry surface earth to prevent stone, road pouring, movement of dust during backfill operation. construction equipments, loading 2. Transport waste such as soil in time, solid road surface and and unloading, transportation and spray regularly. storage of contraction materials, tail 3. The vehicles transporting construction materials and gas from all types of mechanical dismantled waste such as lime, cement, earth and stone, equipments and transportation construction garbage and dismantled waste shall be in good vehicles; volatile gas from the conditions, be covered tightly with canvas, be loaded too fully painting and coating used in thus to ensure no dropping during transportation. Closed tank construction period truck shall be used to transport dry cement to cement storage warehouse through closed system. 4. Transportation vehicles is prohibited to overload shall move at low speed or under limited speed to reduce dust. Transportation roads in construction area shall be cleaned and washed in time. 5. Regularly wash the wheel and under-pan of vehicles to reduce the soil left on land. The soil left on land during transportation shall be cleared in time to prevent much dust in road and thus reduce the dust during vehicles transportation. 10 Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party 6. Use semi-finished products, finished products such as commercial concert, commercial (wet) cement and pre-cast cement parts as much as possible, reduce use of dry cement, reduce the use and storage of coarse materials (sand, cement, etc) easy to generate dust. 7. Avoid outdoor storage of materials easy to generate dust. Concrete mixing plant shall be set indoor. Cement and other fine particle materials shall be stored in warehouse or covered tightly. 8. It is suggested that closed construction method is used and set screen at the construction boundary which not only prevent the entry of irrelevant people, but play the role of noise insulation, dust prevention and reducing visual pollution. 9. In case of weather with 4th scale wind or above, dismantling and excavation work shall be stopped. 10. Strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipments and vehicles, do not use poor fuel, ensure no black smoke of incomplete combusted is emitted and tail gas is emitted after meeting requirements. 11. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor, responsible for supervising the implementation of air pollution prevention and treatment measures, and properly solveing problems in time. Dismantling,earth and stone work, Noise 1. set the fixed noise sources with noise level above 80dB(A) MCC Environment Monitorin foundation, structure and fitment, etc such as air compressor, electronic saw in room and the room’s Meili al Protection g Station 11 Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party sound insulation effect shall be better than 15dB(A). For those Paper Bureau must set outdoor, temporary sound insulation room or sound insulation screen shall be set. 2. Work such as transportation of construction materials and construction waste, excavation, piling, land clearing, pneumatic pick shall be done at day, a screen of 6-8 m shall be set at the construction boundary to reduce noise., and hard material shall be used at the outside of the screen. 3. Only work of low noise level such as lifting shall be done at night. The use of pile driver, soil shifter, excavator. If continuous operation is needed for special reasons, approval from government department shall be gained in advance. 4. Avoid many motive power machines working at the same construction site thus to avoid high sound level in certain part. 5. When conditions permit, equipment of high noise level shall be set far away from sensitive areas (especially Xiangjiazhuang in Jiaqu Village closely near at the southeast of the programm). 6. Use the exist buildings in the factory as sound screen to reduce noise. 7. Equipment of low noise level shall be selected as much as possible, for example, use hydraulic machines to replace fuel machines, use high-frequency vibrator. 8. Fix mechanical equipments and earth excavating and transporting machines such as excavator and soil shifter. Noise can be reduced by silencer at exhaust pipe and insulating the vibrating parts of motor. 12 Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party 9. The noise level of equipment may be increased for the vibration of loose parts or damage of silencer, thus motive power machines shall be regularly maintained and repaired. 10. Unused equipment shall be turned off in time to reduce the working time of noise sources. 11. Transportation vehicles shall move at low speed and decrease times of whistle after entering construction site. 12. Mechanical equipment as noise sources shall be operated according to operation procedures to reduce noise generated by faulty operation. 13. Replace the whistle, clock, and flute with modern communication equipment to command work. 14. sound insulation screen shall be set at northwest of Xiangjiazhuang in Jiaqu Village, east of Zhaojia Shaofang in Shimiao Village, north of programme boundary, and south of Shimiao Village to minimize the adverse impact of construction noise on nearby sensitive points. 15. Optimize construction plan, reasonably arrange construction time, thus to minimize the adverse impact of construction noise. At the stage of programme tendering and bidding, the measures to reduce noise pollution shall be set as the design content and clarified in contract. 16. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor, responsible for supervising the implementation of noise pollution prevention and treatment measures, properly 13 Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party solving problems in time and cooperating local environmental protection departments in their law enforcement work. Household waste water of Waste 1. Waste discharge pipeline shall be prepared before construction; MCC Environment Monitorin construction workers, waste water water household waste water of construction workers after treated in Digestion Meili al Protection g Station containing sludge generated from tank and waste water generated from construction work after treated in Paper Bureau sedimentation pool shall enter waste water treatment station through washing of transportation vehicles, prepared waste discharge pipeline for treatment. Waste water shall not waste water containing sludge run without control and is prohibited to emitted to water bodies such as generated from washing of stored Yellow River. construction materials by rain, waste 2. Mechanical equipment and transportation vehicles shall not be washed water containing oil generated from in construction area and shall be covered with canvas in case of rain. leakage of construction mechanical 3. Maintain mechanical equipment regularly to minimize the possibility of equipment, waste water containing leakage. 4. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign oil generated from washing of necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor, outdoor mechanical equipment by responsible for supervising the implementation of waste water pollution rain. prevention and treatment measures. SW from dismantling and waste Constr 1. The land get and fill are equal, the waste earth and stone can MCC Environment / earth and stone in building project, uction be filled or poured in road. Meili al Protection metal waste from installation, waste garbag 2. Construction and household waste shall be cleared in time, Paper Bureau cement, brick, lime and sand during e and freely discard and storage is not allowed. 3. Temporary closed construction, household waste of househ garbage station shall be set in construction area and be cleared in construction workers such as kitchen old time. waste, waste water bottle and daily garbag 4. Metal waste from dismantling and installation, waste cement, waste in office area. e brick, lime and sand during construction, equipment package shall be sent to relevant department for recycling. 5. Household waste during construction period shall be treated 14 Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party separated by environmental protection department and shall not be mixed with construction garbage. 6. Waste in digestion tank shall be cleared regularly to avoid polluting environment. 7. Minimize the pollution of leaked oil to soil. 8. Construction unit and unit undertaking the project shall assign necessary full-time or part-time environmental protection supervisor, responsible for supervising the implementation of SW pollution prevention and treatment measures. Change of natural feature caused by Ecolog 1. Strictly comply with “three the same time� system in “Law of MCC Environment / excavation of earth and stone y Water and Soil Conservation� , i.e. water and soil conservation Meili al Protection project, damage of natural and facilities shall be to designed, constructed and finished at the Paper Bureau artificial vegetation on surface, water same time with main project. 2. Strengthen the protection of and soil loss, degradation of soil water and soil conservation facilities such as land surface and fertility, damage of natural landscape vegetation. Do not discard waste residue and soil freely. 3. Close and beautify construction area, enclose the buildings in structure period to decrease visual pollution. 4. Avoid earth and stone excavation work in rainy season to reduce water and soil loss. 5. plant trees after construction to recover landscape. Trucks are needed to transport traffic 1. Reasonably arrange transportation time, avoid heavy MCC / dismantled waste equipments and transportation work at traffic peak. Meili Transportati SW during construction from 2. Special entrance and exit for transportation vehicles shall be Paper on construction site and transport set and special traffic supervisor shall be assigned to command department cement, stone, lime, earth and brick traffic. 15 Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party needed for construction to construction site The drop, movement, turning and Safety 1. Install platform receiving dropped articles on passageways MCC / break of dismantled waste risk and under conveyer. Meili Relevant equipments and facilities as well as 2. The walking surface shall be water-proofing and retains no Paper safety constructing equipments and water. department facilities, crash and falling of people 3. Install handrail on the channel near the constructing when transporting dismantled waste equipments and facilities or at high level. The lines for vehicles equipments and facilities and and people shall be clearly marked. operating equipments and facilities 4. For moving equipment, overturn prevention measures shall be taken. 5. Stipulate the work procedures on crane not lift heavy articles above human head. 6. For moving equipment parts (such as the involving points of chain and chain sprocket of conveyer; rotary drum, conveying belt, pulley and roller of conveyer; rotary drum of paper making machine, and feed belt of grinder), safety protection device or interlock device which can prevent workers form contact these moving parts shall be installed. 7. Conduct training to operators on safe use of construction equipments. 8. Reasonably arrange the dismantling procedures to reduce the possibility of damage of broken fragments on human beings. 9. Regularly check and maintain construction equipments to prevent the failure of equipments. 16 Const ructio Supervision Monitorin Activity Impact Measures n Party g Party party 10.. The temporary storage yard for dismantled equipments and facilities shall be clearly defined and the vehicles entry and leaving shall be closed controlled. 11. The temporary storage yard for dismantled equipments and facilities shall be equipped with shelter, chain and other device preventing dismantled equipments and facilities from falling. 2.3 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Operation Period Table 2.3 Measures to Mitigate Environmental Impact in Operation Period Const ructio Supervision Monitori Activity Impact Measures n Party ng Party party Emission of waste water Water Waste water of proposed programme shall be treated in waste MCC Environment Monitori pollutio water treatment station with preliminary sedimentation pool+ Meili al Protection ng n regulation pool +selection pool+ aeration pool+ secondary Paper Bureau Station sedimentation pool method. Waste water emitted from waste water treatment station after meeting the requirements in GB 3544-2001 “Discharge standard of water pollutants for paper making industry� shall enter oxidation pond for further treatment and after mixing with water from Yellow River, the water quality can meet the requirements for day farming in GB 5084- 1992 “Standards for irrigation water quality� Emission of smoke from alkali furnace Air Current alkali recovery system is equipped with three alkali MCC Environment Monitori 17 pollutio liquor furnace, the dust in the smoke from 1 # and 2# alkali Meili al Protection ng n recovery furnace is removed through 3-electric field, and the Paper Bureau Station dust in the smoke from 3# alkali recovery furnace is removed through spraying, washing and water film method. Both dust and emitted SO2 from the outlet of furnaces meet the requirements for level II in “Emission standard of air pollutants for industrial kiln and furnace� (GB9078-1996) Emission of dust from wheat straw Air The dust is removed through railroad precipitator, wheat straw MCC Environment / scraps pollutio and dust enter duct collection room for temporary storage and Meili al Protection n are sent to the forest base of MCC Meili Forest Development Paper Bureau Co., Ltd for comprehensive utility. Emission of waste gas from chlorine Air MCC Environment / dioxide preparation workshop pollutio This technical renovation programme used R8 to produce Meili al Protection n chlorine dioxide, the process is simple; the equipments are Paper Bureau mature, easy to operation and regulate. The tail gas after washing in chlorine dioxide absorption tower is little. And nearly no pollutants will be generated during preparation process. Fugitive emission of waste gas Air The coal in the factory is stored outdoor, and the measure of MCC Environment / pollutio spraying is conducted to prevent dust in coal yard. Meili al Protection n Paper Bureau Wheat straw scraps generated in SW Wheat straw scraps and dust is used as fertilizer; pulp residues is MCC Environment / material preparation workshop, pulp pollutio used in paper making workshop; white mud is temporarily stored Meili al Protection residues generated in pulp making n in SW storage yard and planned to be used as desulfurizer; green Paper Bureau section, white mud, green mud and a mud and lime residue is land-filled, household waste is small amount of lime residue transported by environmental health department; sludge generated in alkali recovery section, generated in waste water treatment station is used as fertilizer in sludge generated in waste water forest base. treatment station The operation of equipments Noise 1. Equipments with low noise level shall be used to reduce noise MCC Environment Monitori 18 generating noise such as chaff-cutter, pollutio from the source; assign equipments with noise reasonably, Meili al Protection ng grass chopper, pump and millstone in n separate low noise area from high noise area; place equipment Paper Bureau Station material preparation section with high noise level away from office area and residential area to reduce the impact of noise. 2. Strengthen the maintenance of mechanical equipment, and take sound insulation and sound-proofing measures on mechanical equipments as major noise sources. Install silencer on air hoses according to the spectral characteristics of noise. For key noise sources like air blower room, se noise elimination measure such as noise insulation room or green belt noise insulation screen can be taken under the condition without influencing operation. For pumps or electrical machines, shock absorption measures shall be taken. 3. The noise control in workshop shall refer to the allowable noise level standard of special workshops to select equipments or change working time. Sound insulation operation room can be set up when conditions permit. Workers working in high noise level environment shall wear necessary protection tools and reduce working hours according to stipulation of labor protection standards. 4. Submersible sewage pump shall be used for waste water pump and sludge pump. 5. Transportation of sludge shall comply with specified transportation lines and time to reduce the impact of transportation noise on area near transportation lines. 6. Green belts shall be set in factory or at factory boundary. Plant broad-leave tree species at factory boundary and increase the height of factory wall thus to reduce noise. 19 3 Risk Control and Emergency Response Management 3.1 Major Risk Factors The major risk factors of this programme are leakage of hazardous chemicals, accidental emission of pollutants, fire and explosion accident caused by flammable and explosive substances and devices. Refer to table 3.1.1 for detailed analysis of risk factors. Table 3.1.1 Analysis of Risk Factors of Proposed Programme Risk source Specific Risk Link Possible Cause Leakage of hazardous chemicals such as chlorine Break of storage tanks or storage grooves, Leakage of hazardous dioxide, methanol, sulfuric leakage of pipelines, and possible chemicals acid, sodium hydroxide, transportation incident hydrogen peroxide Waste water treatment Failure of waste water treatment system, system leading to decrease of treatment efficiency Accidental emission of Failure of smoke treatment system, leading Smoke treatment system pollutants to decrease of treatment efficiency Black liquor overflows from storage tank, Alkali recovery system break of pipelines and valves. Fire may be caused by improper Raw Material yard management Explosion may be caused by explosive Chemical storage substances such as chlorine dioxide, sodium warehouse chlorate and methanol. Explosion may be caused by explosive chlorine dioxide substances such as chlorine dioxide, sodium preparation workshop chlorate and methanol Fire and explosion Explosion may be caused by machine Alkali recover furnace failure and improper maintenance and repair of equipments Fire may be caused by leakage of (heavy oil storage warehouse)* heavy oil because of break of storage tank (finished products storage Fire may be caused by improper yard)* management Note:*refers to the risks existing in current project but not existing in proposed project. 3.2 Measure to Mitigate Environmental Risks 3.2.1 Measures to prevent and treat risks caused by hazardous chemicals The risks of chemicals of this programme mainly exist in the storage, transportation and use of hazardous chemicals. For the purpose of reducing and avoiding environmental pollution and human injury or death caused by accidents, construction unit shall design chemical storage warehouse in accordance with the requirements in GBJ 16-87“Code of design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention (2001)� and 20 GB50187-1993 “General graphic design of industrial enterprises�, and for the parts where leakage is easy to happen such as pumps and valves, automatic change system shall be set. Acid, alkali and chemicals storage warehouse shall be corrosion-proofing and comply with “Code for anticorrosion design of industrial constructions�. The storage, transportation and use of chemicals shall comply with “Regulations on the Management of Hazardous Chemicals� (Order of State Council No.344 in 2002). Refer to table 3.2.1 for the requirements of storage and transportation of chemicals and safe treatment plan. Table 3.2.1 List of Requirements of Storage and Transportation of Chemicals and Safe Treatment Plan. Transportation Name Storage Requirements Safe Treatment Requirement Anti-corrosive materials shall be used Evacuate people in leakage in storage area; no polluted area to upwind wood, combustible and area, and insulate polluted plastic materials shall area until gas is sent over. be used as floor; good Water-proof and Emergency response people ventilation is required rain-proof shall be are suggested to ware for storage and done for positive pressure contained operation area, warning transportation respirator and protecting signs shall be posted at vehicles; handle suit. Cut off fire source. suitable places; limit with care during Avoid contact of leaked Chlorine the access to storage transportation; it is substance with inflammable dioxide area; fire-fighting prohibited to substances (wood, paper, oil equipments and sand transport chlorine etc). Cut off gas source. shall be prepared in or dioxide together Spray vaporic water to near the storage area; with acid, organic dilute and dissolve it. downflow weir shall be matter, flammable Extract (from indoor) or equipped for chlorine and explosive strong ventilation (to dioxide solution articles. outdoor). Leaked container storage facility; check can not be used again, and regularly the defect of the left gas shall be storage facility such as eliminated with technical damage or overflow or treatment. leakage, etc It is required to store Handle with care Insulate polluted area to sodium chlorate in cool during limit entry and exit. and ventilated place far transportation to Emergency response people away from fire and heat prevent package are suggested to ware source; sodium chlorate and container from positive pressure respirator Sodium shall be closely packed being damaged; and general working clothes. chlorate and separate from shock, hit and Do not directly contact combustible friction are leaked substance, prevent (flammable) substance, prohibited. Fire- the leaked substance from reductant, alcohol, fighting equipments contacting organic matters, mixed storage of and emergency reductant and inflammables. 21 Transportation Name Storage Requirements Safe Treatment Requirement sodium chlorate with response above matters is equipments shall be prohibited; there shall prepared with right be proper material to types and amount. contain leaked sodium chlorate. Leakage: quickly evacuate people in leakage polluted area to safe area, and insulate polluted area to limit entry and exit. Cut off fire source. Emergency It is required to store response people are methanol in cool suggested to ware positive environment and fully pressure respirator and gas closed container to Storage facility protection clothes. Do not prevent methanol from shall be kept closely directly contact leaked contacting fire source during substance. Cut off leakage and human being; transportation, source to prevent it from grounding and avoid the line with entering the limited space Methanol ventilation device as sunshine and fire such as kennel and drainage well as vapor sending source; avoid the channel. Small leakage: control device shall be mixed absorb with sand or other equipped in storage transportation with non-flammable material. Or facility. Storage facility incompatible wash with large amount of shall be enclosed; avoid substance. water. Large leakage: the mixed storage with construct closure or pit, incompatible covered with foam to reduce substance. the harm of its steam. Transfer to tank car or special container with explosion-prevention pump. Collect for recycling or send to waste treatment area. Sulfuric acid shall be Sulfuric acid shall Pay attention to the control separate from be separate from of sulfuric acid mist and Sulfuric inflammable, reductive inflammable, improve ventilation. Acid and strong alkali reductive and strong Washing equipment shall be substances. alkali substances. prepared in workshop. Handle with care Pay attention to prevent during moister and rain. Store transportation to Collect with clean shovel Sodium sodium hydroxide prevent package into dry, clean and covered Hydroxid separately from and container from container, or wash with a e inflammable, being damaged; large amount of water and combustible and acid transportation is not emit to waste water system. substances. allowed in rainy day. 22 Transportation Name Storage Requirements Safe Treatment Requirement hydrogen peroxide with the concentration between 20%-60% shall be transported in polyethylene Evacuate people in leakage The storage area shall drum or pure polluted area to safe area, be protected from aluminum drum and insulate polluted area to direct sunshine; enough with air vents on the limit entry and exit. Cut off water, fire-fighting cover of drum; fire source. emergency hoses and spraying storage of hydrogen response people is suggested Hydrogen device shall be peroxide with the to ware positive pressure Peroxide prepared; no fuel, concentration above respirator and gas protection oxidizer or organic 60% shall use clothes. Do not directly matter are allowed to contained made contact leaked substance. exist in storage area; from pure Cut off leakage source to maintain clean and be aluminum (above prevent it from entering the in order. 99.6%) poly tetra limited space such as kennel fluoroethylen and and drainage channel. polychlorotrifluoroe thylene; the mixing of foreigner such as iron, rust and dust is prohibited. Cut off leakage source to prevent it from entering the limited space such as kennel and drainage channel. Small Fire separation distance leakage: absorb with The mixing of water of storage tanks shall sand vermiculite, or other Heavy oil and other foreigners be designed according inert material. Large is prohibited. to the C-class articles. leakage: transfer to tank car or special container with pump. Collect for recycling or send to waste treatment area. Based on the characteristics, following measure shall be taken. Storage area shall meet the requirements for fire-fighting. The selected site of buildings including chemical production unit, chemical storage warehouse, storage groove (tank), storage yard, etc, structure, electric equipment, anti-explosion and pressure relief device and fire-fighting device all need to meet the requirements for fire-fighting. Chemical Storage area shall be far away from wheat straw storage yard and current heavy oil storage warehouse where fire is easy to happen. The storage groove (tank) shall meet the requirements for safety and stored in dry and clean warehouse. Pay attention to prevent moister and rain, and shall be stored separately from inflammable, combustible and acid substances. Pay attention to personal 23 protection during subdividing and transportation. All hazardous must be managed with special people and keep good use record to assign individual responsibility. Staffs working in warehouse shall receive special training and take poison with certificate. Warehouse keeper shall check the warehouse three times a day, i.e. check after starting work, during work and before leaving: check whether the stacking is firm, whether the package has leakage, whether the power is safe. Problem shall be treated as soon as possible to eliminate risks. Establish industrial health, environmental monitoring and management system. Manage the normal running of the factory. In case of accident, emergency poison- prevention monitoring, poison-prevention command and rescue the poisoning. 3.2.2 Measures to prevent risks in chlorine dioxide preparation workshop and storage warehouse Based on the characteristics of chlorine dioxide preparation workshop and storage warehouse, the floor, wall and equipment base in working area of strong corrosive medium such as chlorine dioxide, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide shall be treated with anti-corrosion method and the floor shall be treated with seepage-proofing method. Dioxide preparation workshop shall be equipped with accident treatment device-alkali liquor spray device to treat possible chlorine dioxide leakage. Dioxide preparation workshop shall be equipped with emergency power to ensure the power supply in case of accident. Poisoning working area such as chlorine dioxide and methanol shall be equipped with special cabinet for anti-poison equipments. Sufficient emergency rescue equipment shall be prepared and managed by specific people and in use condition under any circumstance. Improve the maintenance of storage facilities of chlorine dioxide, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide to eliminate the possibility of leakage. In addition to complying with relevant design standards, reasonable fire-fighting and anti-explosion measures shall be arranged for above inflammable and explosive chemicals. Comprehensive repair of pipelines, valves and equipments shall be conducted once a year to ensure the safe operation of equipments, repair the equipments in case of problems found in production and correct the safety risks in time. The equipments shall be maintained regularly to ensure and material and process quality of flange, gasket, connecting bolt, valves and pipelines. Abnormal situation shall be immediate reported for repair to ensure the normal operation of relevant equipment. Dioxide preparation workshop shall be placed at the downwind area of predominant wind direction at the programme area (the predominant wind direction of proposed programme area is E and dioxide preparation workshop is planed to be placed on the west of the proposed programme). dioxide preparation workshop shall be more than 50m away from the boundary of intensively populated area (dioxide preparation workshop of the proposed programme is more than 400 away from the nearest office area.) 24 3.2.3 Measures to prevent risks in alkali recovery workshop In order to effectively prevent explosion accident in alkali recovery workshop, we must start from the purchase, installation, use, repair and maintenance of alkali furnace and strictly comply with relevant national laws, regulations and standards. 1. Strict requirements for purchase of alkali furnace Construction unit shall apply strict requirements for selection of all equipment in alkali recovery workshop. The selected alkali furnace shall be weak in the hearth of the furnace, thus in case of accidental explosion happened in hearth of the furnace, the huge impact force will be released quickly through weak structure, thus to minimize the loss. 2. Installation of alkali furnace must comply with requirements The quality of alkali furnace installation is directly related to the safe operation of alkali furnace. The installation unit must hold the certificate above class III (including class III) of professional contractor in power plant equipment installation. Before the installation of alkali furnace, any part of the furnace shall be checked one by one. In case of disqualified parts, the installation shall be rejected. All butt weld shall use advanced welding technique with the base of argon arc welding, and shall be checked with 100% X ray to ensure the welding quality. 3. Strengthen the safety management and repair in use In order to prevent accident of alkali furnace, the safety management of furnace must be strengthened. The unit using alkali furnace shall do well in the management, maintenance and regular check of furnace according to “Safety technical supervision code for steam boiler�. Specific people shall be responsible for the technical management of equipment and rules and systems with system of post responsibility as main content shall be established. Detailed rules on anti-explosion, fire-prevention and anti-poison shall be stipulated. System of patrol monitoring and inspection and regular check and repair of automatic instrument shall be established. Worker managing furnace shall hold “Certificate for special equipment operator� the when taking the position. Operator in charge of alkali furnace operation shall continuously check the waste liquor supply and combustion situation, and report abnormal or dangerous signs immediately thus to take measure to prevent explosion. 4. Establish and complete fire-fighting and fire alarming system Complete safety and fire-fighting measures shall be taken and complete fire-fighting system shall be prepared. Fixed foam fire-fighting system and cooling water spraying system shall be set. Automatic system control and complete alarming interlock system shall be set on key equipments and strict operation system shall be stipulated. 3.2.4 Measures to prevent fire and explosion risk In order to prevent or reduce fire, fire hydrate shall be set around wheat straw storage yard and current finished warehouse at regular intervals; fire-fighting water shall be stored in high-level pool of production or fire- fighting, and technical facility shall be 25 set to make fire- fighting water will not be used for purpose other that fire- fighting to ensure the safety of fire- fighting use water. Waste fire- fighting water shall not be emitted directly and shall be emitted after treatment and meet relevant requirements. For workshop with high requirements such as current finished warehouse, automatic water spraying fire-fighting system as well as fire alarming, smoke detector and water flow indicator shall be set. In addition, fire-fighting hydrate with alarming valves for indoor fire-fighting hydrate and fire extinguisher shall be set in all workshops in accordance with GBJ 16-87“Code of design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention (2001)� and GBJ 140-90 “Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildings�. Refer to the section of “Measures to prevent risks in alkali recovery workshop� for the risk prevention measures in alkali recover furnace Facilities such as storage groove and storage tank storing hazardous chemicals (such as chlorine dioxide, methanol, sodium chlorate etc) shall be distributed in low area to with a certain fire separation distance from nearby factory room and other storage facilities. Current heavy oil tank shall be stored separately with buffer zone around storage and area and specific people managing. More over, closure shall be set around current heavy oil tank to prevent fire caused by oil leakage and diffusion. Foam fire- fighting and automatic spraying devices shall be equipped in groove (tank) area and grounding device shall be installed to prevent fire caused by static electricity. Fire-prevention and anti-explosion measures needed for the storage of hazardous chemicals such as chlorine dioxide, methanol, sodium chlorate etc include: strictly manage according to stipulations concerning pressure vessel management; regularly check wall thickness, welding line and pipe connecting; lighting protection and anti- static facilities, Static electricity guiding device and safety sign shall be set at the inlet and outlet of the equipment and pipeline systems chlorine dioxide, methanol, and sodium chlorate; strictly comply with safety operation procedures and process procedures; stipulate emergency response plan for explosion accidents and exercise it regularly. 3.2.5 Measures to prevent risks of accidental emission 1. Accidental emission from waste water treatment station (a) collection and treatment of accidental waste water The waste water of proposed programme will be treated in waste water treatment station. In case of accident happens in waste water treatment station, it will fail to treat waste water. Waste water directly entering oxidation pond without treatment will impose huge impact on oil and underground water of forest base as well the underground water of the whole region. For the purpose of minimizing impact of emitted waste water, production shall be stopped in case of failure of waste water treatment station. It is suggested to equip emergency collection pool for waste water treatment station to minimize the environmental risks caused by accidental waste water. 26 It is suggested that the emergency collection pool and the closure of each storage tank shall not contain waste water or other water, the retained rain water shall be emitted in time, thus the leakage, fire-fighting water, washed waste water can be collected into emergency collection pool quickly and safely in case of water pollution accident. The collected waste water then will be sent to waste water treatment device fore necessary treatment to prevent accidental emission and environmental pollution. (b) spare equipment The failure of pump, valves, electrical equipment and instrument of waste water treatment station will lead to accident of waste water treatment. The measures to prevent this kind of accident is to prepare several suits of spare parts, check frequently by operator during the operation waste water treatment station, and maintain and repair above devices thus to reduce the failure rate. (c) strengthen monitoring Operator on duty must operate in accordance with the rules and systems for waste water treatment station, check regularly, maintain and contact for repair and change. Operator on duty shall be able to discover the all types of sign which may cause abnormal running of waste water treatment station, and eliminate accident risks with the cooperation of relevant staffs. The following measure shall be taken in case of potential accident situation. (i) Blocking of garbage rack: In case of overflow caused by blocking for high content of waste residue in waste water, operator on duty shall immediately report to leader of emergency response group and shall organize people to clear garbage. The members of emergency response group shall come to site upon receiving report, make decisions to clear site according to the potential impact scope of overflowed waste water, and report to higher level leaders about treatment situation. Emergency response group shall also contact the production department to improve water quality. (ii) Inflow of pump room of equalization tank: In case of failure of all pumps, operator on duty shall immediately report to leader of emergency response group and highest director of the department, contact relevant repair units to organize repair. The highest director shall make the order to stop production. (iii) Overflow of preliminary and secondary sedimentation scum well: operator on duty shall immediately report to leader of emergency response group and turn on scum pump. Leader of emergency response group shall organize people to clear the scum overflowed to the land. (iv) Overflow of preliminary and secondary sedimentation scum well: operator on duty shall immediately report to leader of emergency response group and turn on most dehydrators to accelerate treatment capacity and reduce the sludge in sludge well from preliminary and secondary sedimentation tank. Leader of emergency response group shall organize people to clear the scum overflowed to the land. (v) Leakage of waste water pump and sludge pump: operator on duty shall immediately report to leader of emergency response group, and leader of 27 emergency response group shall organize people to change or repair equipment and clear the scum overflowed to the land (d) ensure the running effect of waste water treatment station On line monitoring instruments must be equipped on the key technique units of waste water treatment station to monitor quantity of flow and water quality. Meanwhile regular manual sampling determination shall be taken as complementary measures. The signals from analysis instruments related to waste water treatment outside the factory shall be analyzed synchronously with the data from waste water treatment station for operator to refer to and change operation in time. 2. Accidental emission of black liquor Alkali recovery treatment is the most effective method to solve the problem of black liquor. SS. COD, BOD5 in black liquor can be completely removed after four sections: black liquor extraction, evaporation, combustion and causticization. Meanwhile alkali can be recovered and secondary steam can be generated as energy. It is needed to set black liquor tank with overflow alarm control system to prevent large amount of overflow of black liquor from impacting waste water treatment station. Treatment shall not continue until the recovery of system. In case of large amount of leakage, production shall be stopped immediately until the recovery of system. Leaked black liquor is sent to waste water treatment station for treatment. 3. Measure to prevent risks of underground water pollution SW storage yard shall be treated with seepage-proofing before its use. The treatment method is rolling, tamping, laying HDPE seepage-proofing film, lining with closure at the dam body and accidental ash yard, thus to prevent impact on underground water. A seepage-proofing layer s hall be set under the storage yard and storage dam with the seepage-proofing capacity reaching the seepage-proofing coefficient of 1.0×10-7cm/s or equivalent to the seepage-proofing capacity of 1.5m thick clay layer. Meanwhile, project measures shall be taken to treat the gutter, groove and grotto near the storage yard, which shall meet the requirements in Standard for pollution control on the storage and disposal site for general industrial solid wastes (GB 18599-2001), thus the proposed programme imposes little impact on underground water of nearby region. More move, flood drainage channel shall be set around the storage yard to stop rain. Underground water monitoring points shall be set to conduct regularly monitoring. If situation out of limits is found, operation in residue yard shall be stopped immediately. Relevant technical unit shall be entrusted to check the seepage- proofing measure of storage yard to find reasons and repair. The storage yard can only be used again after the problems are solved. Measures shall be taken to prevent leaked materials during processing process and loading and unloading process in major production area from polluting underground water. The ground of related area shall be hardened. In case of leakage of waste water and chemicals, emergency treatment measures such as land washing and dilution shall be taken immediately to lead pollutant to waste water treatment station. emergency collection pool shall be treated with seepage-proof measures with the seepage- proofing capacity reaching the seepage-proofing coefficient of 1.0 10-7cm/s in Standard for pollution control on the storage and disposal site for general industrial solid wastes (GB 18599-2001), thus to prevent waste water from polluting underground water. The quality of waste water pipelines shall be controlled strictly to 28 use pipelines with good anti-corrosion performance. Measure shall be taken to monitor the water emission of pipelines. In case that abnormal situation is found in water from waste water treatment station or leakage of waste water pipelines is found, the pipeline shall be immediately checked and repaired in shortest time. In the leakage source is large, take into consideration of stopping production and waste water emission before the recovery of pipelines. The quality of underground water shall be monitored regularly. In case of situation out of limits is found, problems shall be checked and corrected immediately. Refer to table 3.2.2 for monitoring plan. Table 3.2.2 Underground Water Monitoring Plan Distribution of Monitoring Monitoring Frequency Monitoring Indicators Moints Monitoring well shall be set pH, sulphate, total at Shimiao Village at the Once half a year. hardness, TDS, ammonia upstream of the factory and Emergency monitoring nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, Jiaqu Village at the shall be started in case of nitrite nitrogen, volatile downstream of the factory, pipeline leakage, damage phenol, permanganate SW storage yard, oxidation of production facility and Index, fluoride, As, Hg, pond, raw material forest leakage of waste water Cd, Cr VI, Pb, etc base 4. Accidental emission of smoke Daily maintenance of electrostatic precipitator shall be conducted, and the damaged parts and parts will problems shall be repaired in time. Spare circuit shall be prepared to ensure the normal running of precipitator in case of circuit failure. On-line monitoring device shall be set for waste gas from boiler to monitoring the emission of pollutants at any time. Measure shall be taken in case of problems found. 3.2.6 Measures to prevent risks of professional health Current occupational disease prevention and treatment department shall continue to be responsible for the management and leadership of occupational disease prevention and treatment to ensure the orderly conduction of occupational disease prevention and treatment work, protect the legal rights and interests of staffs health, advance the sustainable development of enterprise economy, and implement the social responsibility undertaken by the enterprise. This occupational disease prevention and treatment department shall establish a leading group of occupational disease prevention and treatment, with the members including leaders of each functional department, managers, secretaries, workshop directors and leaders in change of infirmary of each sub-factory. There shall be a general office under the leading group, located at labor unit office and responsible for the daily work of occupational disease prevention and treatment. In addition, the waste and old equipments and facilities needed to be dismantled or transferred include current 1# and 3# pulp making equipments and facilities, 2# pulp making equipments and facilities, porous pressured filter, drum vacuum pulp washer, self-washing vibrating flat screen, drum vacuum pulp washer, mould thickener, centrifugal screen, alkalization tower, chlorination tower, centrifugal screen, and 29 paper making system, mould the first paper making, one piece 1575/60 paper machine and related equipments and facilities, the second, third, forth and seventh paper making related equipments and facilities, a suit of alkali recovery system, five-body and five-effect evaporimeter of two-board and three pipes. The dismantled equipments and facilities are all waste and old equipments and facilities; therefore no environmental risks shall be involved. 3.3 Emergency Response Plan Emergency response plan shall be prepared for the potential risks and accidents based on the characteristics. Refer to table 3.3.1 for the framework of emergency response plan. Table 3.3.1 The Framework of Emergency Response Plan. No. Item Contents and Requirements This plan is emergency response plan for the environmental risks in Technical Renovation Programme on 68 Thousand Tons Bleached Wheat Straw Pulp Extended Delignification Cooking and Clean Bleaching of MCC Meili Paper Industry Co., Ltd. The contents and 1 General provisions requirements in this plan shall be implemented and specified in later design and construction stages. This plan stipulates the contents for environmental risks inspection and acceptance of “three the same time�. General 2 information on Descript the types, amount and distribution of hazards hazards District covered in 3 emergency Factory and nearby areas response plan Factory: Emergency response command in the factory: responsible for comprehensive command of Emergency response site Professional rescue team: responsible for accident control, rescue and Emergency treatment 4 response Local area: organization Emergency response command: responsible for command, support, administration and evacuation of nearby areas Professional rescue team: responsible for providing support to the Professional rescue team in the factory Classification of emergency response status Conduct classified management procedures to different accidents 5 and emergency according to the class of accidents response procedures Emergency response facility, equipment and material for fire and Emergency explosion are mainly fire-fighting equipments. response facility, Major equipments preventing leakage of hazardous and harmful 6 equipment and substance are spraying devices, equipment and material. material To prevent the emission of accidental pollutants is the normal use of related storage equipment. Emergency Stipulates the measures of communication ways, inform ways and 7 response traffic control communication, communication ways: telephone, interphone and internet 30 No. Item Contents and Requirements inform and Inform ways: telephone, interphone and internet transportation Transportation vehicles: car Traffic control: road in the near the factory Emergency There are professional team to conduct Emergency response response monitoring on the impact of the accident in order to assess the nature, 8 monitoring and parameters and consequences of the accident, thus to provide support pose-accident the decision making of command. assessment Emergency Accident site: control and accident, prevent accident from extending response and chain reaction, clear site leakage to reduce damage and prepare measures, corresponding facility and equipment 9 measures and Nearby area: control the fire district, prevent chain reaction, control equipments to and clear pollutants prepare corresponding facility and equipment clear leakage Emergency response dose Accident site: accident treatment personals shall stipulate the control, emergency response dose of poisons, evacuation plan and rescue plan 10 evacuation plan, Nearby area: stipulate the emergency response dose of poisons for medical rescue people in influence area, evacuation plan and rescue plan and public health Termination of emergency Remove accident alarming, treatment of site after accident and 11 response state and recovery measure recovery measure Training and When the emergency response plan is prepared, the factory shall 12 exercise organize training and exercise Public education Conduct public education, training and publish relevant information 13 and information in nearby areas Special record shall be set for emergency response accident and set 14 Record and report special report system 15 Annex All types of materials related to emergency response accident 3.3.1 General provisions 3.3.1.1 Purpose According to the requirements of relevant laws and regulation, and in consideration of actual situation of the programme This emergency response plan is stipulated for the purpose of effectively responding to environmental accidents, improving the capacity of enterprise to respond to environmental accidents, minimizing the adverse impact of environmental accidents on human being, property and environment, protecting the life and property of the public as well as and environmental safety. The plan needs to be specified and detailed in later implementation of the programme. 3.3.1.2 Preparation basis 1. “Technical guidelines for environmental risk assessment on projects� (HJ/T169-2004, issued by SEPA in 2004) 2. “Urgent notice of further strengthening environmental supervision and management to prevent environmental accidents� (Huan Fa [2005] No. 130 issued by SEPA in 2005) 3. “Notice of further strengthening environmental impact assessment 31 management and prevent environmental risks� (Huan Fa [2005] No. 152 issued by SEPA in 2005) 3.3.1.3 Application scope This emergency response plan is applied to the emergency environmental pollution accidents caused by predictable accidents and other accidents in Technical Renovation Programme on 68 Thousand Tons Bleached Wheat Straw Pulp Extended Delignification Cooking and Clean Bleaching of MCC Meili Paper Industry Co., Ltd. The potential risks and accident of the programme include: leakage of hazardous chemicals such as chlorine dioxide, methanol, sodium chlorate, fire, explosion and accident emission of pollutant including waste water. 3.3.2 Organizations and their responsibilities The Emergency response plan must clarify the Emergency response organizations, commanding department and their responsibilities. Only complete organization and clear work distribution can enable effective Emergency response work. The plan shall established corresponding Emergency response plan leading group. Refer to figure 3.3.1 for the organizations of this Emergency response plan. The leading group shall incorporate all technical departments whose responsibilities areas following. General Director: GM or Vice GM Emergency response command center: management department Report and Emergency Evacuation Support Accident communica rescue guiding and investigatio tion group: group: group: guarantee n group: safety and equipment safety group: safety and environme department guard material environme ntal , staffs department department ntal protection hospital, , protection department Fire- department department , fighting where the , equipment Production department accident department technology happens 32 Figure 3.3.1: Organization Chart of Emergency Response Plan General Director: responsible for issuing and relieve emergency response plan, authorizing emergency response center to conduct emergency rescue activity. Production technology department: responsible for accident alarming, report and treatment. Equipment department: responsible for assisting General Director to treat accident, organizing emergency rescue ream and commanding to accident site. Safety and environmental protection department: responsible for treating accidents, arranging safety and environmental protection measures, reporting accident situation to relevant government department and emergency monitoring at accident site. Safety guard department: responsible for security, alarming, evacuation of people and safety protection at accident site. Staffs hospital: responsible for commanding all medical care personnel to rescue the injured and the poisoned. 1. Fire-fighting department: responsible for check the nature of poisonous gas and put forward protection measure, rescuing the poisoned, commanding evacuation and fire-fighting. 2. Material department: responsible for supply of emergency response materials and products needed for production. 3.3.3 Information report and notification In case of accident, it must be reported to Emergency response command, higher level competent department local people’s government at the first time according to “National emergency environmental accident response plan�, “Method to report information on emergency environmental accident to competent environmental protection departments (in trial)� and other relevant national stipulations. It shall be determined the communication and contact information with related department 24 hours so as to take corresponding rescue measures. 3.3.4 Emergency response and rescue measure 3.3.4.1 Emergency response 1. initial emergency response At the beginning of the accident, the directors on duty shall hold the position of director of emergency response and monitoring room shall play the role of emergency rescue command center to react at the accident site according the type and position of emergency response. Meanwhile, communication director shall make initial report to external organization and government department. Upon receiving the report, GM shall decide the emergence as on-site emergency response or overall emergency response. Refer to figure 3.3.2 for the specific operation procedures. 33 General Director of emergency Communication Director Operator in monitoring Director on duty On-site operation command Operation director Emergency response group Technique operator Figure 3.3.2 Initial Emergency Response and Rescue Organizations 2. Overall emergency response Once the accident is classified or upgraded, General Director of emergency rescue shall report to government department. Emergency response command center shall start to organize emergency response team. Communication liaison man shall be designed to keep in touch with initial Emergency response team at accident site, until external originations come to replace on-site command. On-site safety guard shall be responsible for check personnel. In case that the accident is under control, General Director of emergency rescue can downgrade the accident class, and direct access and recovery activity. Refer to figure 3.3.2 for the specific operation procedures. 34 General Director of emergency Communication Director Director on duty Operator in monitoring Communication Director Operator in monitoring On-site operation command Technical service manager Operation director Emergency response group Technique operator Accident command site Production director on duty Safety director Fire- Safety Medica Loss Leakag Site fighting guard l group control e investig and group group respons ation rescue e group group Figure 3.3.2 Initial Emergency Response and Rescue Organizations 3.3.4.2 Technical plan in emergency response plan 1. emergency response to hazardous chemicals leakage (a) in case of chemical leakges that can not be treated by self, operator on duty shall immediately report to his direct leader and director. Relevant deparment shall be contacted to treat leakage accident. Corrosive and poisonous chemicals such as acid and sodium In case of leakage at storage tank and pipelines, relevant operators shall ware protection clothes and turn off valves to stop leakage, evacuate people to prevent corrosive liquid and irritating gas from damaging people; organized people to move 35 articles which may be corroded and mobile equipment to safe area; move chemicals which may react with leaked chemical to safe area, set alarming plat on leakage area. In case of leakage pipeline connect with storage tank, relevant operators shall first turn off valves of storage tank to cut off pollution source, and properly treat chemical left in the pipeline. In case of leakage at the pump conveying chemicals such as acid and sodium, relevant operators shall turn off pump, and the nearest inlet and outlet valves to cut off pollution source. In case of leakage at the tank truck transporting chemicals before arriving at unloading place, entrance guard, worker in the factory, checking people or raw material worker shall require driver to stop the vehicle at safe place (far away from rain gutter and material storage yard), take effective measures to prevent leakage; if the leakage can not be treated, relevant operators shall contact raw material department. Raw material department shall organized emergency response team to go to leakage site. In case of leakage at pipeline connecting storage tank, body of storage tank or conveying pump, above measures shall be taken. In case of a large amount of leakage unable to control, effective measure shall be taken to plunged up water gutter, warehouse to control leaked chemical in certain area and prevent chemicals from flowing into rain gutter or warehouse, and polluting water source and product. All labs shall prepared fine sand to treat small leakage of chemicals like acid and sodium. The leaked acid and sodium shall be considered being recycled and reused. And then the harmless treatment shall be considered. Small leakage shall be diluted with water; the chemicals near the closure or on the ground shall be washed into waste water gutter and then sent to waste water treatment station for treatment. Large leakage shall be neutralized. Leakage of chemicals which can not be washed with water s hall be covered with sand and then treated. Heavy oil leakage of current project Cut off leakage source to prevent it from entering the limited space such as kennel and drainage channel. Small leakage: absorb with sand vermiculite, or other inert material. Large leakage: transfer to tank car or special container with pump. Collect for recycling or send to waste treatment area. Leaked corrosive liquid chemicals shall be diluted with clean water. Leaked corrosive gas chemicals shall be eliminated with natural ventilation or forced ventilation. The waste water shall be sent to waste water treatment station. In case of large amount of chemical leakage, nearby rain water gutter shall be bunged up to prevent diffusion of chemical, and then leaked chemical shall be treated. If someone contacts hazardous chemicals, corresponding treatment measures shall be taken immediately. Washing the contacting place with large amount of clean water from nearby water source and with washing devices. If acid solution enters eyes, eyes shall be washing with clean water or 3% sodium bicarbonate solution or normal saline. If sodium solution enters eyes, eyes shall be washing with clean water and the patient shall be sent to hospital. In case of hazardous chemical leakage, relevant people shall to the accident site as quickly as possible. And the decision on evacuation or production stoppage shall be 36 made according to the leakage amount, toxicity of chemicals and scope of impact. Each responsible department shall organize people to wash the place polluted by leaked chemicals until the required sanitary requirements are met to ensure the normal running of the factory. The final waste water shall be sent to waste water treatment station for treatment. After site treatment, the cause of hazardous chemical leakage shall be investigate and corresponding measure shall be taken until the restart of production, thus to prevent the happening of similar accident, relevant departments shall be responsible treating leaking tank or groove, repairing closure near leaking tank or groove. After the recovery of production, the operator on duty when the accident is happening shall summarize the record the correction work, and record for later checking. 2. Chlorine dioxide preparation workshop water solution of chlorine dioxide Workers at site shall release accident notice immediately and evacuate irrelevant people. Workers shall wear labor protection clothes to turn off valves and check leaking point. Reactor shall be turned off if necessary. Workers shall use fire-fighting spray to decompose gas to ensure human safety. If leakage is happened at pipeline or valves, relevant device shall be changed. If leakage is happened at the main body of storage tank, the tank shall be transferred immediately and the leaked chlorine dioxide solution shall be further treated. Water solution of methanol Quickly evacuate people in leakage polluted area to safe area, and insulate polluted area to limit entry and exit. Cut off fire source. Emergency response people are suggested to ware positive pressure respirator and gas protection clothes. Do not directly contact leaked substance. Cut off leakage source to prevent it from entering the limited space such as kennel and drainage channel. Small leakage: absorb with sand or other non-flammable material. Or wash with large amount of water. Large leakage: construct closure or pit, covered with foam to reduce the harm of its steam. Transfer to tank car or special container with explosion-prevention pump. Collect for recycling or send to waste treatment area. 3. Emergency rescue of fire and explosion Accident site In case that fire or explosion is caused by chlorine dioxide, sodium chlorate, methanol, or at facilities like alkali furnace, related switch must be turned off immediately and the case must be reported to related department in time. Related department shall set professional rescue team and rescue people, protection article, vehicles, equipments and communication devices, and prepare rescue plan for all types of accidents. In case of accidents, repair shall be immediately organized. Once the fire is found by operator, operator shall take measure according to the seriousness of fire. If the fire is small, operator shall use nearby fire-fighting 37 equipment to put out fires. If the fire is out of control, operator shall immediately report to fire-fighting team and dispatch division of the enterprise. In addition, operator shall take necessary measures to buy time for professional fire-fighting team. Fire at storage tank, pipelines and road shall be put out from short distance or with remote control hydraulic giant. Container of fire shall be cooled with a large amount of water until the extinguishment of fire. Emergency rescue department Dispatch division shall inform the leader in charge of accident department to investigate accident situation, make order to start emergency rescue plan, inform member of command, fire-fighting team and medical care team to go to the accident site. Fire-fighting team shall immediately put out fire and rescue poisoned and injured people at site. The poisoned and injured shall be taken out of site, the serious people shall be sent to hospital for treatment. The waste water from fire-fighting shall not be directly emitted, shall be stored in accidemnt pool and emitted after treatment and meeting relevant requiremen 4. Emergency response plan for accidental emission of waste water (a) Blocking of garbage rack: In case of overflow caused by blocking for high content of waste residue in waste water, operator on duty shall immediately report to leader on duty and shall organize people to clear garbage. The members of emergency response group shall come to site upon receiving report, make decisions to clear site according to the potential impact scope of overflowed waste water, and report to higher level leaders about treatment situation. Emergency response group shall also contact the production department to improve water quality. (b) Inflow of pump room of equalization tank: In case of failure of all pumps, operator on duty shall immediately report to leader on duty and highest director of the department, contact relevant repair units to organize repair. The highest director shall make the order to stop production. (c) Overflow of preliminary and secondary sedimentation scum well: operator on duty shall immediately report to leader on duty and turn on scum pump. Leader of emergency response group shall organize people to clear the scum overflowed to the land. (d) Overflow of preliminary and secondary sedimentation scum well: operator on duty shall immediately report to leader on duty and turn on most dehydrators to accelerate treatment capacity and reduce the sludge in sludge well from preliminary and secondary sedimentation tank. Leader of emergency response group shall organize people to clear the scum overflowed to the land. (e) Leakage of waste water pump and sludge pump: operator on duty shall immediately report to leader on duty, and leader on duty shall organize people to change or repair equipment and clear the scum overflowed to the land. (f) In case of failure of waste water treatment station, such as abnormal situation of waste water treatment line, operator on duty shall immediately report to leader on 38 duty. Leader on duty shall immediately organized repair and report to higher level leaders about this situation. Waste water treatment system shall not return work until the elimination of failure. If waste water treatment system can not be repaired in short time, production shall be stopped. Production can only be restarted after the repair of waste water treatment facilities and the treatment of waste water in accident pool. The situation shall be reported to higher level leader and the highest director shall make the order to stop production of pulp which shall be restarted after the repair of waste water treatment system. (g) Overflow from pulp grove, pulp pump, waste water pump and lost pulp groove: when pulp overflow from pulp groove and lost pulp groove is caused by failure of alarming system or human neglect, the operator finding this overflow shall immediately report to leader on duty, and find the causes to stop overflow. The pulp overflowed to the ground shall be washed to waste water gutter and sent to waste water treatment station for treatment with other waste water. Meanwhile, waste water treatment station shall be informed with the case. If the case is serious, responsible person shall immediately report to highest department who can make the decision to stop production, contact with other departments and make record. (h) Exceeded flow or pump failure of chlorine dioxide preparation workshop may cause leakage of waste water or cause waste water to flow to rain water system, then the flow shall be reduced or equipment shall be changed or repaired. The waste water overflowed to the ground shall be washed to waste water gutter and sent to waste water treatment station for treatment with other waste water. Responsible person shall immediately report to highest department who can make record of the case. 5. emergency rescue of other accidental emission Accidental emission of waste gas The failure of electronic precipitator of t he furnace will cause the emission of TSP out of limit. If that were the case, the loading of furnace shall be reduced immediately. If the situation is not changed, combustor shall be started to reduce coal consumption amount. If all electronic precipitators stop working, combustor shall be started immediately. If electronic precipitators can be repaired in short time, fuel oil and paraffin can be maintained, and factory shall organized people to repair electronic precipitators. If electronic precipitators can not be repaired in short time, measures of stopping furnace can be considered. Accidental emission of black liquor It is suggested to install an overflow alarming control system on black liquor storage tank to prevent large amount of overflow of black liquor from impacting waste water treatment station. Treatment shall not continue until the recovery of system. In case of large amount of leakage, production shall be stopped immediately until the recovery of system. Leaked black liquor is sent to waste water treatment station for treatment. 3.3.4.3 Medical care and public health After the happening of accident, factory shall judge the accident degree and coordinate with medical care department to evacuate nearby people, treat poisoned 39 people or injured people, thus to ensure the human life and safety. 3.3.4.4 Emergency environmental monitoring After the happening of accident, factory must coordinate with local environmental monitoring department to monitor pollutants with its current monitoring equipments, analyze impact of accidents on nearby environment and put forward feasible control measures. As of air pollution caused by poisonous substance leakage, concentration of pollutants shall be monitored to analyze the polluted scope and degree and put forward feasible control measures. Liquid harmful to water body and waste water shall be controlled in accident pool to ensure that they can only be emitted after effective treatment and meeting relevant requirements. 3.3.4.5 Emergency response termination and recovery measures The conditions for the complete termination of emergency rescue work are: all fires are extinguished; all leaked pollutants are controlled and can no longer impose impact on nearby environment. Only above conditions are met, enterprise can inform relevant department and nearby communication and people that the accidental danger has been removed and emergency response procedures are terminated. After termination of emergency response, recovery work shall be implemented, including equipment repair, installation and commissioning. Accident report shall be prepared to show t he accident causes, losses, and summarize lessons to prevent similar accidents. As of losses caused by the accident, the victims shall be treated properly and compensate for their losses. Experts shall be invited to conduct assessment of medium and long term impact of pollution accident on environment, and put forward suggestions on compensation and recovery of polluted ecological environment. 3.3.4.6 Personnel training and exercise Emergency response command shall conduct emergency education for all workers of the factory. Workers of dangerous positions shall take safety and accident treatment training and shall take examinations before taking offices. Emergency response plan shall be exercised in time. It is required that theory training shall be conducted once a month and exercise shall be conducted once half a year. In addition, the leaders of each professional emergency response team shall take professional training organized by fire-fighting department, safe production supervision and management department and other related departments. 3.3.4.7 Emergency Rescue guarantee In case of emergency accident, it must be ensured that relevant emergency rescue plan can be started immediately thus to control pollution at the first time and minimize the impact. Therefore, relevant emergency rescue guarantee must be well prepared. 40 1. Emergency communication guarantee The communication method and approaches with emergency response units or personnel shall be clear and backup plan shall be prepared. Information communication system and maintenance plan shall be established to ensure free communication during emergency cases. 2. Emergency team guarantee All types of emergency response personnel shall be clarified including the organization and guarantee plan for professional and part-tine emergency response teams. 3. Emergency response mateiral and equipment guarantee Pollution accident response fund shall be appropriated for purchasing, managing and maintaining regular emergency response materials and equipments. These emergency response materials and equipments include fire-fighting equipments, spraying devices preventing diffusion of pollution. The conditions of emergency response materials and equipments shall be checked and maintained by specific personnel. 4. Fund guarantee The enterprise shall appropriate certain amount of fund for risk prevention, make sure specific fund is used for specific purpose and the emergency response fund shall be in place in case of emergency situation. 5. Others Other relevant guarantee measures needed for this programme according to its emergency response work, such as technical guarantee, transportation guarantee, security guarantee, health care guarantee and logistic guarantee. 41 4 Community Relations Improvement Two rounds of online disclosures were performed for this project but received no feedback from any working units or individuals. A questionnaire survey of 100 individuals was performed and obtained general feedback from the respondents on the proposed project. This section is developed based on the results of the survey. 4.1 Problems the Community is Concerned Based on the survey results, most respondents (over 70%) believed that local environmental conditions are “average� not good but also not bad. According to 71% of the respondents, the most concerning environmental problem is air pollution, which may be related to local dust issues as the city is close to the desert area. The survey results also showed that most of the respondents believed that the proposed project at the company will generate “acceptable� environmental impacts to local air and water environment. Such statements show that the respondents do care about their living environment but may not understand totally that the project overall will bring about positive environment benefits to the local community. 4.2 Community relations improvement plan Based on the survey results, the company will need to improve public awareness of its proposed project, including but not limited to its physical investment activities, potential environmental impacts and benefits, proposed mititgation measures and environmental management plans. This will help the community understand fully the environmental and social economic benefits of the proposed project. 42 5 Responsibilities of Environmental Management 5.1 Management Organizations and Distribution of Responsibilities The programme must set environmental management organizations to implement leader responsibility system. Professional environmental management personnel shall be designated to in charge of environmental supervision and management. And environmental management people shall receive environmental protection training. GM of MCC Meili Paper Industry Co., Ltd shall take the position of the first person in charge of environmental protection and clean production, responsible for the environmental management in the whole factory. Meanwhile, environmental protection sub-factory affiliated to environmental protection management department shall continue to be responsible for the coordination and contact with higher level environmental protection department, overall environmental quality protection work, normal running of environmental protection projects, environmental protection management and environmental monitoring work happened in technical renovation and project expansion process. Environmental protection sub-factory designates specific management staffs for material preparation section, cooking section and extraction and screening section, bleaching section of pulp making system; closed screening technology renovation section of 2# pulp making system, evaporation section of alkali recover furnace, chlorine dioxide preparation section, raw material storage yard, chemical storage warehouse, finished products warehouse, heat and power station, waste water treatment station, responsible for the supervision and checking of pollutant source control and environmental protection facilities, which has been incorporated in environmental management system of the enterprise. Refer to figure 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 for organizations of environmental protection management and environmental protection sub-factory. Transfer environmental Leader responsible for management plan environmental management Supervise implementation of environmental protection measures Personnel responsible for environmental management Assistanc Feedback of in all departments implementation result (implementing environmental management 2-3 people responsible for environmental management Figure: 5.1.1 Organizations of Environmental Protection Management 43 Manager of environmental protection sub- Secretary of environmental protection sub- Vice-Manager of General engineer of environmental protection environmental protection sub- Pollutant Pollutant General Material Financial generation treatment office department department Figure 5.1.2 Organizations of Environmental Protection Sub-factory. 5.2 Environmental Supervision Environmental protection sub-factory is responsible for supervising and managing the implementation of environmental protection measures of the whole programme, undertaking the comprehensive responsibility for the regional environmental quality. Environmental protection sub-factory needs to accept the supervision, inspection and guidance of higher level environmental protection department. The specific functions of environmental protection sub-factory of environmental management include the following: 1. Responsible for all types of environmental protection work; 2. Implement laws, policies and standards concerning environmental protection; 3. Stipulate and organize implementation of environmental protection plan; 4. Based on relevant national and local construction management requirements and construction operation standards and in considering the characteristics of the programme, stipulate environmental management rules for construction, supervise the implementation of relevant rules, receive and solve the opinions of nearby residents on environmental protection during construction period, and to coordination with construction unit 44 5. Regularly supervise and check the running of environmental protection facilities, lead the maintenance work of environmental protection facilities, such as waste water treatment station, etc. 6. Organize the stipulation of rules and systems concerning environmental protection and management, operation procedures of key pollution positions, and supervise the implementation. 7. Organize professional and technical training on environmental protection, and conduct regular education and propaganda on environmental protection knowledge to improve the environmental protection awareness of staffs and the consciousness of staffs to actively protect environment. 8. Participate in the programme inspection and acceptance on environmental protection and investigation of environmental pollution accident. 9. Publicize the application of advanced technology and experience on environmental protection. 10. Undertake the environment monitoring task entrusted by higher level department and relevant department; cooperate with other departments to solve the environmental pollution accident of the programme. 11. Responsible for the environmental pollution analysis and decision in accident state. If necessary, design unit and relevant expert shall be invited to participate in the analysis and decision. 12. In addition to the environmental protection work of this programme, it shall also accept the inspection and supervision of environmental protection deparment and report the implementation situation of each environmental management work. 5.3 Management of Contract Party 1. The guidelines of “three at the same time� must be implemented during programme construction. Construction unit must ensure that the facilities preventing pollution and other public hazard shall be designed, constructed and put into operation at the same time with the main project. Upon the completion of the programme, completion, inspection and acceptance report of specific inspection and acceptance report with the content of environmental protection shall be submitted to environmental protection department. The programme can only be used after the inspection of environmental protection department. 2. Declare and register pollutant emission to local environmental protection department according to national and local provisions on environmental protection. And pollutant shall be emitted based on distributed quotation after approval of environmental protection department. 3. Strengthen statistics of environmental monitoring data; establish complete documents on pollution source and materials loss; strictly control the emission amount of pollutants, ensure the pollutant emission indicator meet the design requirements. 45 4. Strengthen supervision and management of environmental protection facilities; establish complete technical documents on running, maintenance and repair of environmental protection facilities; strengthen technical training to operators of environmental protection facilities; ensure normal running of environmental protection facilities and continuous emission of pollutant after meeting requirements. 5. Strengthen monitoring of abnormal working situation such as operation start and stop, and nearby environmental, stipulate effective measures to control pollution expansion and prevent pollution accidents. 6. Take requirements for environmental protection into consideration during the stipulation of products standard, process documents and operation procedures. 7. Conduct environmental education to improve the environmental awareness of cadre and staff to enable active effort for environmental protection. 8. Incorporate environmental protection into position responsibility system and uniform scoring, into production dispatch, to enable all departments to complete environmental protection tasks through advance, check, praise, reward and punish with administrative methods. 9. Incorporate environmental management into overall plan of enterprise management to achieve the goal of pollution reduction, energy conservation and consumption reduction, and environmental protection through running and continuous improvement of environmental management system, thus to improve the environmental and economic benefit of the enterprise. 46 6 Environmental Protection Monitoring Plan Environmental monitoring is to collect, test sample of major pollutants, process data prepare report during construction period and operation period, and respond the all types of environmental problems. The preparation and implementation of environmental monitoring plan is the basis of environmental management, which can provide scientific basis for environmental statistics and environmental quantities assessment. This plan can ensure the implementation and carrying out of all pollution prevention and treatment measure, enable the timely discovery, correction, and improvement of problems in environmental protection measures. 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan 6.1.1 Environmental monitoring during construction period Local Monitoring Station is entrusted to conduct environmental monitoring during construction period, refer to table 6.1.1 for detailed environmental monitoring plan during construction period. Table 6.1.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan during Construction Period Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Item Type Content Position Frequency Air Raw material Once half pollution storage yard, TSP, dust a year source construction site pH, SS, COD, Pollution Water Outlet of waste BOD5, petroleum, Once half source pollution water from ammonia nitrogen a year monitoring source construction etc Noise equivalent Near the equipment Once half pollution continuous sound in construction site a year source level A Major air sensitive Once half Air quality TS, duct areas note 1 a year Within 1m from Environmental factory boundary, quality equivalent Sound Zhaojiashaofang, Once half monitoring continuous sound quality Shimiao Village, a year level A Xiangjia Village note 2 Note: 1. the distance between Rouyuan Village, Shimiao Primary School, Jiaqu Village, Zhaojiashaofang, Shimiao Village, Xiangjia Village and the factory boundary are all within 1 m. 2. Monitoring points out 1m from the factory boundary is the same with that of current sound situation. Zhaojiashaofang, Shimiao Village, Xiangjia Village are all sensitive points within 200m from the factory boundary. The following texts refer to the same. 47 6.1.2 Environmental monitoring during operation period Refer to table 6.1.2 for environmental monitoring plan during operation period. Table 6.1.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan during Operation Period Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Type Content Position Item frequency SO2, NO2, Once a Chimney note1 dust season Air pollution Continuous source automatic Chimney SO2 on-lie monitoring 6 items General outlet of including pH waste water note2 Once a Outlet of workshop season Water or production AOX, dioxin pollution facility source Continuous Inlet and outlet of Waste water automatic waste water amount and on-lie treatment station COD Pollution monitoring source Material Wheat straw monitoring preparation section scraps Material Dust preparation section Pulp production Pulp residue line Causticization section of alkali White mud Clearing of recovery Once a SW Household month Living of staffs garbage Sludge in waste water waste water treatment station treatment station Alkali Green mud, lime recovery residue workshop Environmental Concentration Once half a quality Air quality factory boundary of NH3, H2S, year monitoring odorous gas 48 Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Type Content Position Item frequency Air sensitive areas at downwind of SO2, NO2, predominant wind Once a year TSP, PM10 and nearby air sensitive areas note 3 Shimiao Village at the upstream of the factory and Jiaqu Village at the downstream of the 15 items Underground factory, SW Once half a including pH water quality storage yard, note5 year oxidation pond, raw material forest base note 4 underground water well Within 1m from factory boundary, equivalent Once half a Sound quality Zhaojiashaofang, continuous year Shimiao Village, sound level A Xiangjia Village Note: 1. a chimney of circulating fluidized bed boiler and a chimney of alkali recover furnace, the following texts refer to the same; 2. six items including pH, COD, BOD5, SS, NH3-N, TP; 3. Rouyuan Village, Jiaqu Village, Zhaojiashaofang, Shimiao Village, Xiangjia Village; 4. 3-5 underground water wells shall be set in raw material forest base; 5. fifteen items including pH, sulphate, total hardness, TDS, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, volatile phenol, permanganate Index, fluoride, As, Hg, Cd, Cr VI, Fe, Mn, etc. The emission amount of waste water during operation period, COD and waste gas of SO2 from boiler room is monitored on line by continuous automatic on-line monitoring system. The clearing of SW is checked regularly by local environmental protection department. Other types of environmental monitoring all entrust local Monitoring Station to conduct. Refer to the chapters of current situation monitoring for the instruments used for non-supervised monitoring links. 6.1.3 Emergency monitoring and tracking monitoring Emergency response plan shall include emergency monitoring procedures. Emergency monitoring shall be started immediately in case of accident happened in operation, and the migration of pollutants shall be tracked until the impact of accident is eliminated completely. The monitoring instruments, equipments and vehicles for major pollutants shall be prepared and be maintained in working conditions. The 49 emergency monitoring plan shall be stipulated and implemented jointly with monitoring unit. 6.1.4 Monitoring facilities Local Monitoring Station is entrusted to conduct regular monitoring. Upon the competition of this programme, local Environmental Protection Bureau shall supervise the implementation of environmental management and monitoring plan. 6.2 Completion and Inspection and Acceptance Monitoring for “Three at the same time� on Environmental Protection of Construction Programme The aim of inspection and acceptance for environmental protection is to supervise the simultaneous putting into operation and use of environmental protection facilities with the main projects, and implement other supporting environmental protection measures. The inspection and acceptance scope is: environmental protection facilities related to construction programme, including project, equipment, device and monitoring measure constructed for pollution prevention and treatment, supporting project, equipment, device and monitoring measure, all ecological protection measures, environmental impact report and other environmental protection measures taken according to relevant programme design documents. Before the commissioning of this programme, the commissioning can be conducted after the approval of Ministry of Environmental Protection. This programme need to apply for completion inspection and acceptance to Ministry of Environmental Protection within three months after the starting data of commissioning according to the stipulations in “Administration Measures of Inspection and Acceptance of the Environmental Protection of the Finished Construction Projects� issued by Ministry of Environmental Protection. Refer to table 6.2.1 for the inspection and acceptance contents of inspection and acceptance for “three at the same time� on environmental protection of construction programme. 50 Table 6.2.1 List of Inspection and Acceptance for “Three at the same time� on Environmental Protection of Construction Programme Environmental Position of Protection Monitoring Items for Monitoring Points Standard of monitoring for Inspection and Contents for No. Equipment and Inspection and Acceptance for Inspection and Acceptance Checking Facility Acceptance Waste water treatment amount General outlet of / waste water treatment station waste Requirements for pulp and paper enterprise in pH, COD, BOD5, SS, NH3-N, eater outlet of “Discharge standard of water pollutants for pulp TP, AOX, dioxin, etc workshop or and paper making industry� (GB3544-2008) Whether they production waste water facilities for AOX are constructed 1 in accordance treatment station and dioxin waste water with the Requirement for new, renovated and expanded requirements of treatment station NH3, H2S enterprise level II in table 1 of “Emission three at the Downwind of standards for odor pollutants� (GB 14554-1993) factory boundary same time (sludge room, sludge pump room, test room, sludge pool, regulation pool, preliminary sedimentation pool, aeration pool, secondary sedimentation pool, flocculation pool, waste water collection net, odorous gas collection and treatment system) Waste water amount / Waste water outlet 2 oxidation pond pH, COD, BOD5, SS, NH3-N, Requirement for dry farming in GB 5084-1992 of oxidation pond TP etc “Standards for irrigation water quality� Concentration of SO2, NOX, Outlet of chimney the requirement for the third period in “Emission standard of air 3 Precipitator and pollutants for thermal power plants� (GB13223-2003): Whether they PM10 in smoke for boiler desulfuration are constructed 51 Environmental Position of Protection Monitoring Items for Monitoring Points Standard of monitoring for Inspection and Contents for No. Equipment and Inspection and Acceptance for Inspection and Acceptance Checking Facility Acceptance desulfuration are constructed facilities of in accordance circulating Desulfuration efficiency and precipitation efficiency meet the designed requirements with the fluidized bed requirements of boiler three at the Precipitator and Outlet of chimney Relevant requirement in table 2 and table 4 of same time Concentration of SO2, PM10 in desulfuration alkali recover “Emission standard of air pollutants for 4 smoke facilities of alkali furnace industrial kiln and furnace� (GB9078-1996) recover furnace Desulfuration efficiency and precipitation efficiency meet the designed requirements Equipment noise, noise Whether they Sound elimination reduction effect and level II in “Emission standard for industrial are constructed factory boundary and shock monitoring of noise at factory enterprises noise at boundary�(GB12348-2008) in accordance 5 reduction measure boundary with the for high noise requirements of level equipment (silencer, and sound insulation room) three at the same time Requirement for new, renovated and expanded Whether the Concentration of NH3, H2S, Downwind of 6 Fugitive source enterprise level II in table 1 of “Emission requirements are odorous gas factory boundary standards for odor pollutants� (GB 14554-1993) met Whether they are constructed Risk prevention in accordance 7 (hardening of factory, fire hydrate, automatic spraying fire-fighting system, etc) with the facilities requirements of three at the 52 Environmental Position of Protection Monitoring Items for Monitoring Points Standard of monitoring for Inspection and Contents for No. Equipment and Inspection and Acceptance for Inspection and Acceptance Checking Facility Acceptance same time Shimiao Village at the upstream of the Whether they factory and Jiaqu are constructed pH, sulphate, total hardness, Village at the in accordance ammonia nitrogen, nitrate downstream of the with the Underground nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, factory, SW Level III in “Quality standard for ground water� requirements of 8 water seepage- volatile phenol, permanganate storage yard, (GB/T 14848-93) proofing facility three at the Index, fluoride, As, Hg, Cd, oxidation pond, Cr VI, Fe, Mn, etc underground water same time well (3-5 points) in and engineering raw material forest provisions base 53 Environmental Position of Protection Monitoring Items for Monitoring Points Standard of monitoring for Inspection and Contents for No. Equipment and Inspection and Acceptance for Inspection and Acceptance Checking Facility Acceptance 1. Wheat straw scrap warehouse: the ground of closed warehouse storing wheat straw scrap and dust shall be overall poured with C30 Impermeable concrete, thus the closed area will not generate percolate for rain. And the garbage will be transferred by nearby farmers as fertilizer. 2 white mud (including small amount of green mud) warehouse: white mud (including small amount of green mud)of the factory shall be temporarily stored in half-closed warehouse whose ground is overall poured with C30 Impermeable concrete with the bottom laying soil impermeable membrane. The order for the clay is: concrete cushion (200mm), insolated layer, screed-coat (20mm), cushion layer (150mm), gravel bed (500mm), plain fill, to ensure the coefficient of permeability less than 1.0×10- 7cm/s and a closure shall be set at outside (500mm high). 3. White mud storage yard: the SW landfill yard of MCC Meili Paper is located at Mopan Mountain which is 12 km away from north of Zhenluo Town. There is a flood-proofing gutter of 2 m wide, 2 m deep at the south and north of causticized white mud airing yard. A vertical Impermeable Layer shall be set at the white mud yard: after finishing of the bottom, a clay layer of 300 mm thick shall be laid with a geotextile of 300g/m2 thick above, and another clay layer of 300 mm thick shall be set above the geotextile. Thus the coefficient of permeability can be less than 1.0×10-7cm/s, meeting the requirements in Standard for pollution control on the storage and disposal site for general industrial solid wastes�(GB 18599-2001). 4. Each factory building: each factory building is equipped with rain collection gutter inside and outside the building. The collected waste water will be emitted after treated in waste water treatment station and meeting relevant requirements. Whether the General outlet of instrument COD on-line 9 / waste water / passes monitor treatment station metrology accreditation? 10 SO2on-line / Outlet of chimney / Whether the 54 Environmental Position of Protection Monitoring Items for Monitoring Points Standard of monitoring for Inspection and Contents for No. Equipment and Inspection and Acceptance for Inspection and Acceptance Checking Facility Acceptance monitor of boiler and alkali instrument recover furnace passes metrology accreditation? Whether they are constructed in accordance Afforest of with the 11 / / / factory requirements of three at the same time Whether they are constructed in accordance Standard signs at The sign plate shall be set at visible place near pollutant outlet (sample collection point) with the top of with the 12 waste outlet the sign plate 2 m above the ground. requirements of three at the same time 55 6.3 Standard Setting of Outlet 6.3.1 Waste water outlet After the completion of the programme, the general outlet of waste water shall be equipped with flow gauge with the function of sampling and monitoring. A environmental protection sign plate shall be set at visible place near the general outlet. The general outlet of waste water treatment station of current project is equipped with JHC-IIIA online waste water monitor to conduct online monitoring of COD. 6.3.2 Waste gas outlet The sampling from chimney of boiler in heat and power station and alkali recover furnace shall be easy. Environmental protection sign plate shall be set at visible place on the ground near the chimney for the sampling port, sampling and monitoring platform. The sampling and monitoring platform for chimney of boiler of current project is equipped with ZE-CEM2000 online smoke monitor to conduct online monitoring of smoke flowing speed and SO2. 6.3.3 Fixed noise source Noise monitoring points as well as sign plate shall be set at the place outside factory where fixed noise source imposed the largest impact. 6.3.4 SW storage yard As of SW, there shall be temporary storage place with loss prevention and seepage- proofing measures and sign plate at the entrance. 6.3.5 Establishment of waste outlet record The content in outlet record shall include number and position of waste outlet; measuring method used by this outlet; source, type, concentration and measuring record of emitted pollutant; emission destination; maintenance and update record, etc. 6.3.6 Requirements for the setting of sign plate Environmental protection sign plate shall be made at specific place designated by Ministry of Environmental Protection and purchased by local environmental protection supervision department according to the programme pollutant emission situation. The distribution figure of waste outlet shall be drawn by local environmental protection supervision department. The sign plate shall be set at visible place near pollutant outlet (sample collection point) with the top of the sign plate 2 m above the ground. Plane sign plate is required if there are buildings within 1 m from the waste outlet, and vertical sign plate required if there are no buildings within 1 m from the waste outlet. 56 Standard settings (such as sign plate and measuring device) of outlet are part of Environmental protection facilities, which need regular maintenance and repair by pollutant emission unit. No unit or individual is entitled to dismantle. If change is really needed, the approval from local environmental protection supervision department and change document shall be gained. 57 7 Environmental Protection Training Plan 7.1 Goal and Content of Training In order to ensure the successful and effective implementation of environmental protection and management plan, relevant worker shall have good environmental protection knowledge and technique. Therefore, staffs participating in programme management and construction shall receive relevant environmental protection training thus to ensure good implementation of all environmental protection measures. Training methods include domestic training and overseas training according to the management requirements and position. The training contents shall including the following aspects. 1. Laws and regulations on environmental protection: relevant directors of environmental protection sub-factory shall understand China’s legal system and composition concerning environmental protection, environmental policies of the World Bank, legal responsibilities stipulated by laws and regulations concerning environmental protection, Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection, local regulations and rules concerning environmental protection, local economic and social development plan. The directors shall know laws and act according to laws. 2. Environmental monitoring: relevant directors of environmental protection sub-factory shall understand environmental monitoring method; sampling standard and method for water quality, air, and biology, analysis method and standard of environmental parameters; requirements for data collection and analysis technology. 3. Waste water treatment technology: relevant directors of environmental protection sub-factory shall understand waste water treatment technique, theory and method; technology and method to maintain the normal running of waste water treatment station; internal and domestic waste water treatment technology and method. 4. Sludge treatment and disposal: relevant directors of environmental protection sub-factory shall understand the sludge landfill treatment technology and management method, method to treat percolate and biogas, matters needing attention for maintain landfill yard safety and environmental protection. 5. Environmental accident treatment and response ability: relevant directors of environmental protection sub-factory shall understand the happening theory, preventing measures and method of environmental accident, as well as emergency response measure in case of accident. 6. Public participation and public contact: relevant directors of environmental protection sub-factory shall understand the type and method for Public participation; the importance of Public participation as well as the procedure of Public participation. 7. Pollution control and management during construction period: construction contractor shall understand construction procedures and pollutant generating links, 58 measure to control pollution during construction period as well as management and supervision measure. 8. The programme plans to organize relevant directors of environmental protection sub-factory and construction contractor to take part in relevant training. And relevant directors shall conduct regular internal training to all staffs participating in programme management and construction. 7.2 Budget of Training Expense It is planned that the training is conducted once a month. Calculated with 20 thousand RMB for one training, the total training expense for a year is 240 thousand RMB. 59 8 Environmental Management Related Plan 8.1 Plan of Regular Environmental Impact Report During programme construction period and according construction progress stage, environmental management organization shall regularly (such as once a month) entrust local environmental Monitoring Station to conduct environmental monitoring, and submit report to programme management department and local environmental protection department. This stage report shall include project progress, major construction contents and method, description on environmental impact and implementation of environmental impact mitigation measures. During programme operation period and according to the requirements of environmental impact assessment, environmental management organization shall entrust local environmental Monitoring Station to monitor the operation situation of the programm, and submit monitoring report to local environmental protection department. This monitoring report shall include the following information. 1. Monitoring time, monitoring frequency, monitoring points, monitoring item, monitoring method and quality control plan; 2. Monitoring data and statistic analysis; 3. The summary of facility operation situation during monitoring period; 4. Description of abnormal operation. In summary, programme construction unit shall conduct monitoring according to monitoring plan for construction period and operation period, and submit a semi- monitoring report to Ministry of Environmental Protection and the World Bank every half year. 8.2 Environmental Protection Information Exchange Plan Different departments and different positions in environmental management organization shall exchange necessary environmental protection information. Meanwhile, the organization shall also report related necessary environmental protection information to outside (related parties and the public). Internal information exchange can be conducted as meetings and internal news, etc. But there must be one official meeting and all exchanged information must he recorded and saved. External information exchange can be conducted once half a year or a year. The information exchange with cooperation agency shall form summary and be saved. 8.3 Environmental Protection Record Plan For the purpose of effective operation of environmental management system, enterprise must set up a complete record system and maintain the record of the following aspects: 1. Requirements of laws, regulations and relevant standards; 2. License documents; 60 3. Environmental factors and relevant environmental impact and environmental relief measures; 4. Training 5. Project construction progress; 6. Monitoring data; 7. Information about related parties; 8 Examination and approval; 9. Review. In addition, above record must be controlled necessarily, including label, collection, catalogue, saving, storage, management, maintenance, search, saving period and disposal of record 8.4 Environmental Protection Monitoring Plan Refer to table 8.2.1 for environmental protection monitoring plan of this programme. Table 8.2.1 Environmental Protection Monitoring Plan of this Programme Monitoring Stage Monitoring contents Monitoring goal agency 1. ensure complete assessment content, theme setting properly, and The World bank, notable focus Zhongwei 1. examining and 2. ensure all major Municpal approving environmental potential problems Government, Design stage impact report were reflected and Zhongwei 2. examining and 3. ensure there are Environmental approving EMP. specific and Protection reliable Bureau implementation plan for mitigating environmental impact 1. Examining and approving 1. strictly comply with the preliminary design of “three at the same environmental protection time� and EMP Zhongwei 2. Examining the recovery of 2. ensure the Municpal temporarily occupied area, temporarily Government, vegetation recovery and occupied area meet Construction and Zhongwei environmental recovery the requirements of stage 3. Examining measures to Environmental environmental Protection control dust and noise protection pollution and determining Bureau 3. reduce the impact construction time 4. Examining emission of air of construction on pollutants nearby environment 5. Examining treatment and and implement laws 61 and standards emission of household and standards waste water and waste concerning water containing oil environmental 6. Treatment of waste earth 7. Exchanging information protection with the public and inviting 4. ensure the river public opinions water is not polluted 5. ensure that the landscape and land resource are not seriously damaged and prevent water and soil loss. 1. Examining the implementation of EPA during operation period 2. Examining the 1. Implement EMA implementation of 2. Implement environmental monitoring environmental Zhongwei plan monitoring plan Environmental 3. Determining the sensitive 3. Actually protect Protection points needs further environment Bureau and environmental protection 4. Strengthen Operation measures Public Security 4. Examining whether the environmental stage and Fire-fighting environmental quality in management, Department of sensitive area meet the ensure human Zhongwei requirement of relevant health Municipality standards 5. Ensure the 5. strengthen supervision to reasonable prevent accidents, prepare emission of waste emergency response plan to ensure that the danger can water be eliminated in case of accident. 62 9 Occupational Health and Safety Occupational health and safety shall be considered as a part of comprehensive hazard or risk assessment, including HAZID, HAZOP and other risk assessment and research. The research results shall be used in formulation and implementation of health and safety management plan, design of safety work system, and preparation and exchange of safety operation. The issues related to occupational health and safety in pulp and paper industry include: chemical hazard, physical hazard, wood dust, biological agent, heat, space limitation, noise, and radiation. 9.1 Chemical Hazard Pulp and paper industry may use and generate many chemical substances, which may impose adverse impact on workers’ health and safety. These chemical substances include: 1. Gas—such as reduced sulfur compounds (sulphate pulp making), sulfur oxide compound which are mainly referred to sulfur dioxide (sulphate pulp making), chlorine, chlorine dioxide, terpene, and other volatile organic compound and oxide. 2. Liquid—include sodium hydroxide and other corrosive substance, acid such as sulfuric acid, cooking by-product such as turpentine, sodium hypochlorite, water solution of chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, biocide, additive of paper making, dissolvent, dye and cement. 3. Solid—include sodium chlorate, sodium sulfate, lime, calcium carbonate, dust and stone wool (used for insulation). The following measures are recommended to taken in order to prevent, control or minimize the potential impact of chemical substance on workers’ health and safety. 1. Use mechanical pulp and paper making work as much as possible, thus operators can finish operation in control room without potential chemical hazard and other health and safety hazards; effective process control can also minimize the use of bleached and other chemicals. 2. Provide engineering control. For example, automatic valve of cooking boiler cover; immediate gas exhaustion of batch digester and blow boiler which can exhaust gas in the boiler; impose of negative pressure on recovery furnace and acidification tower for sulphurous acid and sulfur dioxide to prevent gas leakage; ventilation of fully closed or partly closed cover of cooking room; sealing or ventilation of lime conveyer, lifter and storage framework; preparation of special exhaust machine for closed cover of canopy of each bleaching tower and washer; closed cover for paper sample dryer. 3. Continuous gas detectors with alarming apparatus shall be installed in the place with potential leaked or generated hazardous gas, such as chemical recovery furnace, chlorine storage area, chlorine dioxide generator and bleaching area, etc. provide respirators for emergency evacuation to all workers, contractors and visitors in above areas. 63 4. Update data base of all chemicals used and generated in the factory, including data concerning hazards, poisonous substances and biological substances. 5. Identify and prevent chemical reaction which may lead to generation of hazardous gas and other substance (for example, the mixture of waste liquid of sulphite and sulfuric acid may generate hydrogen sulfide). All chemical substances used or generated shall be checked to find whether it may react with other chemical substances in the facilities. 6. All chemicals shall be labeled, packaged and stored in accordance with national and international certified requirements and standards. 7. During the production halt period, staffs of contractor party, including maintenance staff shall stay in factory. The staffs staying in factory shall receive relevant training and comply with safety procedures, including protection equipment and chemicals treatment. 8. The workers contacting or treating chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorate shall receive relevant training. Wet out the spilled sodium chlorate and keep polluted clothes in certain humidity before washing. 9. Avoid bleaching with element chlorine. 10. Use water-base ink or dye (other than solvent ink and dye). 11. Keep sulfur storage box clean and with accumulation of sulfur. 12. Prepare check and maintenance plan to check the problem such as leakage and equipment failure. 9.2 Physical Hazard Serious physical hazard are generally cause by the poor implementation of system of LOTO. It is suggested to take the following measures to prevent, reduce and control common physical damage (such as damage happened in transportation, drop and material disposal). 1. Install platform receiving dropped articles on passageways and under conveyer. 2. Immediately clear the overflowed articles. 3. The walking surface shall be water-proofing and retains no water. 4. Install handrail on the channel near the constructing equipments and facilities or at high level. The lines for vehicles and people shall be clearly marked. 5. For moving equipment, overturn prevention measures shall be taken. 6. Stipulate the work procedures on crane not lift heavy articles above human head. 64 9.3 Mechanical Safety For pulp making factory use wood processing machines such as wood peeling machine and chipping machine which may cause serious injury, it is suggested to take the following measures to prevent, reduce and control the potential damage caused by wood processing machines such as wood peeling machine and chipping machine. 1. For moving equipment parts (such as the involving points of chain and chain sprocket of conveyer; rotary drum, conveying belt, pulley and roller of conveyer; rotary drum of paper making machine, and feed belt of grinder), safety protection device or interlock device which can prevent workers form contact these moving parts shall be installed. 2. During equipment maintenance, cleaning or repairing, equipment must be turned off and locked out. 3. Conduct training to operators on safe use of equipments such as wood peeling machine and chipping machine. 4. Reasonably arrange working platform to reduce the possibility of damage of broken fragments on human beings. 5. Regularly check and maintain construction equipments to prevent the failure of equipments. 6. All operators of cutting and chipping equipment shall ware eye protection tools and other personal protection tools if necessary. 9.4 Treatment of Log For pulp making factory, logs are unloaded from train or heavy truck and stacked by machine, and then sent to log conveyer and log platform waiting for being processed. In log yard, vehicles may cause serious injury of human being. In addition, rolling down of log and drop of log from equipments and stacks may also cause people injury. Thus it is suggested to take the following measures to prevent, reduce and control damage in log yard. 1. Stipulate and comply safe operation rules for unloading log, converted timber and wood chip. 2. The complete mechanization of operation in the log yard can reduce the contact of people with log during the log unloading and stacking process. 3. The transportation lines in log yard shall be clearly defined, and vehicle movement shall be closely controlled. 4. The height of log stack shall not exceed the safety height stipulated in risk assessment which takes into consideration of the specific situation of log yard, including log stack method. 5. Access to the log yard is not allowed without permission. 65 6. Log mill dell shall be equipped with shelter chain and other device to prevent log from rolling or dropping from mill dell. 7. Workers shall receive training concerning log stacking and safe operation in mill dell area, including how to prevent log from dropping, and planned evacuation lines. 8. Provide workers with iron protection boots, protection helmet and conspicuous jacket. 9. All moving equipment shall be equipped with overturn sound alarm. 9.5 Wood Dust In wood processing (such as half automatic wood chipping machine) area of pulp making factory, contact with sawmilling dust in operation is an inevitable problem. And in paper making factory, the contact with wood fiber dust is also a problem. And wood fiber dust is a fire hazard. Thus it is suggested to take the following measures to prevent, reduce and control damage cause by wood dust. 1. Insolate wood saw, grinder, dust collector, chip conveyer and install ventilation equipment 2. Consider the sealing of chip storage area. 3. Avoid the use of compressed air to clear wood dust and waste paper 4. Insolate areas unloading, weighing and mixing dry and dusty addictive or using liquid addictive and install ventilation equipment. 5. Regularly check and clear dusty area to reduce the possibility to contract wood dust. 9.6 Biological Agent Biological articles include microorganisms such as bacteria, fungus and virus and part of them are pathogenic microorganisms. Microorganisms may grow in closed loop system of paper making equipment, biological treatment workshop and water cooling tower of waste water. Thus it is suggested to take the following measures to prevent, reduce and control damage cause by microorganisms. 1. The design of biological treatment workshop shall be helpful to the reduction of pathogenic microorganism growth. 2. Bacteriacide shall be used during the process of water cooling, pulp making and paper making to minimize the growth of pathogenic microorganism. 9.7 Heat There are many high-temperature or high-pressure processes in pulp making factory (including pulp cooking, recycling of pulp making chemicals, lime production and paper drying process). The measures to prevent, reduce and control the contact with heat in pulp making and paper making factory are: 66 1. Provide control room with air conditioning equipment in working areas such as wood preparation, pulp making, bleaching and paper making. 2. Plan the schedule of work in heat area to ensure the worker can adapt to the temperature and have rest time. 3. Automatically remove the smell in chemical recycling furnace and provide good protection clothes for workers who may contact hot melting or high-temperature material. 4. Implement safety procedures; reduce risks of explosion of hot melting articles and water. Hot melting articles shall be transferred at certain speed. Recycling boiler shall be repaired to prevent water leakage from boiler wall. In case of signs of water leakage are found, chemical recycling boiler shall be turned off immediately. 5. Consider the use of mobile equipments and keep operation area closed and air-conditioned. 9.8 Noise Wood peeling machine in pulp making factory and paper making machine in paper making factory are two major noise sources. But the other production processes also generate noise. As we have mentioned above, the use of control room is an effective noise control measure. 9.9 Radiation Some measuring instruments (especially in paper making factory) contains radioactive substance. Though the instruments containing radioactive substance are sealed, but people may be exposed to radioactive substance if the instruments are damaged or repaired. The design and utility of these instruments shall comply with relevant national requirement, international certified occupational and/or ionizing radiation natural exposure standards such as “International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and the Safety of Radiation Sources� and the other three correlated safety guidelines. 67 10 Legal Effect of Environmental Management Plan From the environmental standard, clean production, total amount control, programme- related document and contract, environmental management plan shall bear corresponding legal effect. 1. Environmental standard is stipulated on work concerning environmental protection according to laws on environmental protection and relevant policies with the purpose of protecting human health, preventing environmental pollution, advancing virtuous ecological circle, reasonable utilizing resource, and promoting economic development. It is inevitable for enterprise to emit pollutants during production process. In order to prevent enterprise from transferring internal cost to external environment and balance the pollutant emission right between enterprises, government representing the public benefit must control the action of pollutant emission and stipulate standards on pollutant emission. Environmental standard stands for the external indicators of the impact of pollution source on environment, requires pollution source to take continuous pollutant emission reduction measure and implements technical measures with legal binding on pollutant emission action. 2. Clean production refers to continuous use of environmental protection measures including pollution prevention measures in production process and product, aiming to reduce the impact of pollutant on human being and environment. The nature of clean production is to implement comprehensive prevention environmental measure in production process and product, in order to reduce or eliminate the potential damage of pollutant on human being and environment. In addition, the demand of human shall be met. Thus clean production is a production mode with the maximum social and economic benefit. “Cleaner Production Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China� was passed on the 28th session of Standing Commission of the 9th People’s Congress and implemented from January 1st 2003. 3. Control of total amount of Pollutant emitted (hereinafter referred to as total amount control) is to treat a control region (such as administrative region, basin and environmental function region) as a whole system, take measures to control the total amount of pollutants emitted to the region under a certain limit, thus to meet the requirements of the region for environmental quality. Total amount control includes three parts: total amount of pollutants, region receiving pollutants and period of pollutant emission. Total amount control system requires national environmental manage department to decide the total amount of pollutant in certain region according to measured regional environmental capacity, and distribute pollutant quotation to individual enterprise in the region. 4. Environmental management plan is a part of bid document and construction contract between the World bank and construction unit, thus it bears legal effect. 5. This programme is a programme of the World Bank, and the complying of environmental management plan is an article of programme agreement and donation 68 agreement between the World Bank and Chinese Government, thus environmental management plan bears legal effect. Therefore, construction unit shall implement environmental pollution prevention and treatment measures, environmental risk mitigation measures, emergency response environmental monitoring plan, environmental monitoring plan, plan of regular environmental impact report, environmental protection information exchange plan, environmental protection record plan, environmental protection monitoring plan in order to protect the legal effect of environmental management plan. 69 11 Assessment of Investment in Environmental Protection This programme is mainly based on current environmental protection equipments and facilities, which can meet the demand of proposed production. After the completion of reconstructed and expanded project, construction unit need to implement environmental protection measures, ensure the normal running of environmental protection equipments and facilities and the pollutant emission after meeting relevant requirement. Refer to table 11.1 for the situation of investment in environmental protection of current projects. Table 11.1 Comparison and Analysis of the Percentage of Investment in Environmental Protection in Total Investment unit: 10 thousand RMB Investment in Total Department Asset Environmental Percentage Investment Protection Three electrical Power station 2212.0 330133.9 0.67% precipitator Alkali recovery Alkali recovery system 9218.5 330133.9 2.79% workshop Waste water Medium water treatment treatment 7313.8 330133.9 2.22% system system White water recovery and White water recovery 534.8 330133.9 0.16% treatment system comprehensive waste / water treatment of forest 11882.5 330133.9 3.60% base, oxidation pond Power station Desulfurition 1400.0 330133.9 0.42% Subtotal 32561.7 330133.9 9.86% Refer to table 11.2 and 11.3 for investment in environmental protection of proposed project during construction period and operation period. 70 Table 11.2 Estimation of in Investment in Environmental Protection of Proposed Project during Construction Period AMOUNT 10 NO. ITEM THOUSAND RMB 1 Dust treatment system 10 2 Waste water treatment system 20 3 Noise reduction facility 10 4 Underground waste water gutter 10 Facility to prevent risks during waste and old facility 5 20 dismantling 6 Facility to collect and transfer SW 20 7 Afforest in construction area 10 Total 100 Table 11.3 Estimation of in Investment in Environmental Protection of Proposed Project during Operation Period AMOUNT 10 NO. ITEM THOUSAND RMB Roll precipitator, hydraulic grass 50 grinder Rain spraying waste gas recycling 100 Waste gas device 1 treatment Treatment of smoke from alkali furnace 150 Tail gas washing system and risk prevention facilities in chemical 30 preparation workshop Add a evaporator of 7000m2 1398 Grass washing water treatment facility 200 Waste water 2 Emergency pool for black liquor 10 treatment Renovation of Waste water treatment 1800 system Closed temporary storage yard for green 3 SW treatment 10 mud, etc 4 Noise treatment Shock reduction and sound insulation 20 5 Afforest in factory 20 Environmental protection lab and environmental 6 100 monitoring instrument and equipment Total 3888 71 72