E-244 VOL. 5 Liaoning Urban Transport Project Shenyang Subproject ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Draft Final Report September 1998 Shenyang Environmental Science Institute Post, Buckley International. Inc PREFACE Shenyang Bus Repair Facility is one of the priority components of the World-Bank financed Liaoning Urban Traffic and Transport Project. At present, the-feasibility study report of the Shenyang Bus Repair Facility has been finished by the 'roject office of Shenyang Passenger Transit Group. Based on the terms that Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report is essential for any newly-built, renewal and extension project financed by the World Bank" (Environmental Protection Lawv of People Republic of China), and Environmental Protection Management Methods for Construction Project (Document No. 003 [86], issued by State Environmental Committee, State Planning Committee, State Economy Committee), as well as based on the Notice on Strengthening Management on Environmental Assessment for Construction Projects Loaned by International Financial Organisations (EM [1993] No.324, issued by National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA), State Planning Committee, Ministry of Finance and People Bank of China), NEPA required this project to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment. Therefore, the project office of Shenyang Passenger Transit Group commissioned Shenyang Environmental Science Institute on Jan. 3, 1998 to develop the project EIA. Subsequently, the EIA report herein was developed by Shenyang Environmental Science Institute, on the basis of'intensive environmental investigation, engineering analysis and environmental impact assessment. TABLE OF CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION 1-2 1.1 Objectives--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.2 Basis for the EIA------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 1.3 Classification and Scope------------------------------------------------------ 1 1.4 Applicable Standards---------------------------------------------------------- 1 1.5 Emphasis of the EIA------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1.6 Pollution Control and Environmental Protection Goals----------------- 2 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3-7 2.1 Name and Category of the Project-------------------------------------- 3 2.2 Geographical Location---------------------------------------------------- 3 2.3 Land Occupancy and Plane Layout - - - ------- 3 2.4 Major Project Contents---- - ------------------- 3 2.5 Construction Scale-------------------------------------------------------- 3 2.6 Consumption of Major Raw Material and Energy------------------- 7 2.7 Project Investment and Schedule--------- - - ---- 7 2.8 Staff Number-------- - - ------- 7 3. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS 8-11 3.1 Composition of Public Vehicles and Maintenance Capacity---------- 8 3.2 Prediction of Maintenance Capacity and its Future Progress-------- 8 3.3 Construction Option------------------------------------------------------------- 8 3.4 Analysis of Pollution Emission------------------------------------------------- 9 3.5 Pollution Factors and Environmental Elements--------------------------- 9 3.6 Prediction of Pollution Emission Load - ---------------------------- 9 4. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 12-13 4.1 Natural Environment----------------------------------------------------- 12 4.2 Social Environment------------------------------------------------------ 13 4.3 Ecological Environment-------------------------------------------------- 13 5. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT QUALITY 14-18 5.1 Ambient Air Quality--------------------------------------------------------------- 14 5.2 Surface Water Quality--------------------------------------------------- 16 5.3 Ground Water Quality--------------------------------------------------- 16 5.4 Noise--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS 19-20 6.1 Ambient Air------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 6.2 Surface Water--------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 6.3 Ground Water------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 6.4 Solid Waste------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20 6.5 Noise Impact----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 7. MITIGATION MEASURES 21-23 7.1 Ambient Air------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 7.2 Water Pollution-------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 7.3 Solid Waste------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 7.4 Noise--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 7.5 Green Space----------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 7.6 Resettlement----------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 8. ALTERNATIVE MITIGATION MEASURES 24 8.1 Oil Containing Waste Water--------------------------------------------------- 24 8.2 Paint-spraying Exhaust---------------------------------------------------------- 24 9. TOTAL POLLUTION LOAD CONTROL PLAN 25-26 9.1 Parameter of Pollutant Load Control---------------------------------------- 25 9.2 Principle of Pollutant Load Control------------------------------------------- 25 9.3 Pollutant Load Control Measures--------------------------------------------- 25 9.4 Evaluation of Pollutant Load Control---------------------------------------- 26 10. ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFIT 27 ANALYSIS 10.1 Estimate of Environmental Protection Investment----------------------- 27 10.2 Environmental and Economic Benefit Analysis--------------------------- 27 11. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT 28 AND MONITORING PLAN 11.1 Establishment of Environmental Management Facility---------- - 28 11.2 Environmental Monitoring Equipment--------------------------------------- 28 11.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan------------------------------------------------ 28 -12. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 29 13. CONCLUSION 30-31 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objectives Based on investigations on existing environment of the area where the project is located, engineering analysis, and prediction of pollution emission and impacts on environment after the project s completion, this EIA report will propose applicable pollution control measures concerning the project of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility and provide basis for environment management decision making. 1.2 Basis of te EIA * World Bank Financed - Liaoning Urban Transport Project: Proposal of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility, Shenyang Passenger Transit Group; * Commission Letter of Environmental Impact Assessment, the project office of Shenyang Passenger Transit Group; * Feasibility Study Report of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility, the project office of Shenyang Passenger Transit Group; * Letter on Feasibility Study, Environmental Assessment and Engineering Design of Proposed World-Bank-Financed Shenyang Bus Repair Facility, Shenyang Urban Construction Project Office; a Environmental Management Regulations of Construction Projects, Document No. 003 [86], issued by Environmental Protection Committee of the State Council, State Planning Committee, State Economy Comrnmittee; * Notice on Strengthening Management of Environmental Assessment for Construction Projects Loaned by International Financial Organisations, EM [ 1993] No.324, issued by National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA), State Planning Committee, Ministry of Finance and People s Bank of China. 1.3 Classification and Scope In accordance with Notice on Strengthening Management of Environmental Assessment for Construction Projects Loaned by International Financial Organisations mentioned above, the EIA for this project belong to Class B. Concerning the ETA classification, and according to the nature and scale of the project, its pollution emission, and natural and social environment in the project area, the scope of EIA is determined as follows: * Air quality: an area of 4 kmx4km, with project location as centre; * Surface water: from discharge outlet of the project to Xinkai River (extending 2 km down stream), via municipal drainage network; * Noise: extending to project boundary and the most nearby residential areas. 1.4 Applicable Standards 1) Class 2 of AmbientAir QualityStandard( GB3095-1996) for ambient air; 2) Class 4 of SZtface Water Qutality Standarctd ( GB3838-88) for suriface water; I Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 3) Ground Water Quality Standard (GB/1 4 848-93) for ground water; 4) Class 2 and 4 of Urban Environmental Noise Standard (GB3096-93) for residential area, and Class 4 of Industrial In-Plant Noise standard ( GB12348-90 ) for areas within the facility; 5) Highest Acceptable Concentrations of Hazardous Air Pollutants in Residential Area (TJ36-79), for specific pollutants such as benzene and xylene, and Table 12 of Sewage and Waste Gas Discharge Standard in Liaoning (DB2 1-60-89) for total HC; 6) Comprehensive Standard for Air Pollutants Emission (GB16297-1996) for waste gas emission; 7) Class 2 of Boiler Waste Gas Emission Standard (GB 13271-91) for boiler waste gas; 8) Class 2 of Seivage and Waste Gas Discharge Standard in Liaoning (DB21-60-89) for waste gas emissŤon; 9) Technical Guideline of Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.1-2.1-93, and HJ/T2.4-1995). 1.5 Emphasis of EIA The major emphasis of this EIA focus on the impact of oil-containing sewage on environment, following the impact of paint-spraying on ambient air quality. 1.6 Pollution Control and Environmental Protection Goals 1) Control the pollution of paint-spraying and waste gas of boilers to protect ambient air around the facility; 2) Control the pollution of oil-containing sewage to protect water environment; 3) Control noise to minimize the impact on surrounding residents. 2 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Name and Category of the Project Name of the project: Shenyang Bus Repair Facility Category of the Project: New construction project 2.2 Geographical Location The proposed project site is located within Liangma Development Zone ( planned to be industrial area ) in Xiaohantun Village, Northwest Shenyang City. It is ca. 50 m north of Baishan Road, part of the Second Ring Road of Shenyang City ( Figure 2-1). 2.3 Land Occupancy and Plane Layout The total land occupancy is 60,000 m2, including production area, auxiliary area and administrative area. The plane layout is shown in Figure 2-2. 2.4 Major Project Contents The major tasks of the proposed facility are: * Assembly repair; * Body repair; * Parts repair; and * Inspection and test on vehicle performance. 2.5 Construction Scale * Annual maintenance capacity: 1,000 vehicles, including: Major repair of 400 large buses and medium maintenance of 400 large buses; Major repair of 100 mini buses and medium maintenance of 100 mini buses; * Major assembly repair of 1200 engines every year (apart from whole vehicle repair); * Major assembly repair of chassis for 1200 vehicles every year (apart from whole vehicle repair). 3 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility Figure 2-1 Geographical Location of Shenyang Public Vehicle Maintenance Depot 'N \"''\''\, / S nt mkiaohntu 3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ct 'N ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ N * *"~~~~~~~~~~Ho*a 4~ ~~~~~~~ala Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: ETA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility Figure 2-2 The Plane Layout of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility \J. LX J'- e | _ I Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 1 Body assembling workshop 2 Engine chassis repair workshop 3 Auxiliary workshop 4 Parking workshop 5 Testing workshop 6 Partial major repair workshop 7 Power transformer 8 Material storage 9 Solid waste storage 10 Air compressor workshop 11 Chemical product and fuel storage 12 Garage 13 Boiler house 14 Bathroom for employees 15 Vehicle-washing house 16 Vehicle-parking house 17 Official building 18 Residential building 19 Water tank 20 Parking lot 21 Parking lot for bicycle 22 Entrance guard 6 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 2.6 Consumption of Major Raw Material and Energy Detailed consumption of raw materials and energy is listed in Table 2-1 and Table 2-2. Table 2-1 Consumption of Energy No. Energy Unit Consumption 1 water ton 56,000 2 electricity KWh 90,000 3 coal ton 5,000 4 oil used in production liter 57,000 5 oil used by vehicles liter 9,000 -Table 2-2 Consumption of Mlajor Raw Mlaterials No. Material Unit Consumption I vehicle parts pieces 20,000 2 various steel plate ton 1,000 3 various steel products ton 1,000 4 various timber m3 500 5 amino paint ton 50 6 organic solvent ton 10 7 new high-efficient diluent ton 15 8 anti-corrosive-paint ton 20 9 putty ton 5 10 emulsified oil ton 2.7 Project Investment and Schedule The total investment of the project is 59,473,000 RMB. The project schedule is as follows: Project approval and feasibility study 1997.2 - 1997.8 Engineering design 1997.6 - 1998.3 Capital construction 1999.4 - 1999.12 Installation and debugging 1999.7 - 2000.8 Pilot operation 2000.9 - 2000.12 Normal production 2001.1 - 2.8 Staff Number The annual work days of the facilityt are 358 days, and working days of workers are 253 days. Some workers ( working in mechanical treatment, heat testing, etc.) will work in two shifts a day, and others will work in a daily system. The total staff is 909, including 685 repair workers, 80 mechanical treatment workers, 62 aid workers and 82 administrative staff. 7 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 3. ENGINEERING ANALYSIS 3.1 Composition of Public Vehicles and Maintenance Capacity The public transportation in Shenyang is composed mainly of public buses and trams, supplemented by joint-operation buses and mini buses. Currently, there are 15 public transportation lines, with a total length of 2316 km and annual load of more than 486 million person-times. There are total 3283 vehicles in Shenyang Passenger Transit Group, including 2339 normal buses, and 944 buses in the joint-operation company and the long-distance passenger transportation company. At present, all the public transportation vehicles are maintained by 8 repair depots (also as parking lots), with a total area of 207,000 mi2. Due to inadequate space and obsolete equipment, the maintenance capacity of these 8 depots is only 61% of what they should have. Because there is no depot specifically designed for major repair and medium maintenance, only 20 - 30% of the vehicles that need repair were repaired, while other 70 - 80% can not be recovered, which resulting in decrease of vehicle performance. In 1997, only 300 vehicles received major repair and medium maintenance. As the public transportation develops, this situation will be more serious. 3.2 Prediction of Maintenance Capacity and its Future Progress It is planned that by 2010, an increase of 1,469 vehicles will be achieved by Shenyang Passenger Transit Group. The demand for major repair and medium maintenance in 2003 is 1,010 vehicles, and in 2010 is 1,324 vehicles. According to the maintenance capability and demand, planning was made by the Group. The construction of this project, together with other measures, is expected to able to balance the demand and actual maintenance capacity by 2010 or more longer. 3.3 Construction Option In order to achieve objectives above, the Group planned to construct a new repair facility particularly for major repair and medium maintenance in Xiaohantuan Village, Northwest Shenyang City in three years, with capacity mentioned in section 2.5 of this report. 3.4 Analysis of Pollution Emission The major repair of whole vehicle consists of major repair of body, engine and chassis. 3.4.1 Major Repair of Vehicle Body Pollution generated during major repair of vehicle body includes waste washing water containing oil, SS and COD; waste gas fiom paint-spraying and baking process containing benzene, nmethyl benzene and xylene; as well as CO, CO2 generated in welding. There is also some solid waste generated such as those useless parts. 8 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 3.4.2 Major Repair of Engine Pollution generated during major repair of engine includes waste washing water containing oil, SS and COD; metal debris and noise from parts processing and repair; and waste gas from erngine test containing NOx, CO and HC; waste gas from paint spraying and baking process containing benzene; and some waste metal such as those useless parts. 3.4.3 Major Repair of Chassis Pollution generated dwring major repair of chassis includes waste washing water containing oil, SS and COD; waste gas from paint spraying and baking process containing benzene; and some useless parts ( rrAnly waste metal). 3.4.4 Other Pollution Sources Other pollution sources are: (1). Auxiliary workshop: waste water of battery cell containing acid, SS and COD; waste metal debris from mechanical treatment and punching shear process; noise and waste water containing oil, SS and COD from mechanical treatment. (2). Auxiliary facilities: noise pollution from air compressor station; smoke containing SO2 and dust from boiler combustion; water discharge from water-softening and boiler containing SS and COD; solid residue from boiler combustion; and noise from air blower, compressor and pumping station. (3). Domestic sewage: sewage containing oil, SS and COD. 3.5 Pollution Factors and Environmental Elements According to the above pollution analysis, the pollution factors to be assessed in this report are defined as follows: benzene (also methyl benzene and xylene), NOx, CO, HC, SO2, smoke dust, oil, COD, slag, waste metal, non-metal waste and noise. The relevant environmental elements are defined as: ambient air, surface water, ground water and residential area. 3.6 Prediction of Pollution Emission Load 3.6.1 Emission Load of Air Pollutants The main air pollutants in the project are: benzene, methyl benzene and xylene from paint- spraying, NOx, CO and HC from engine test and SO2 from boiler emission. 9 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 3.6.1.1 Emission load from paint-spraying process is shown in Table 3-1. Table 3-1 Pollutants Emission of Paint-Spraying Exhaust Eniission Load National Air Pollutant Emission Standard (GB16297-1996) Emission Flow benzene 0.5 0.13 methyl benzene (15 m) 3.1 (kg/h) xylene 1.0 Concentration benzene 12 6.6 methyl benzene (15 m) 40 (mg/rmn) xylene 70 Note: GB16297-1996 is a national point soturce emission standard. It can been seen that emission of benzene series is lower than the comprehensive emission standard of GB16207-1996. 3.6.1.2 Pollutants emission load from engine test is shown in Table 3-2. Table 3-2 Pollutants Emission Load from Engine Test item NOx CO HC Max. flow (kg/h) 0.20 0.19 0.16 Emission Standard (15m) (kg/h) 0.77 - 10 Max. concentration (mg/m3) 68.5 64.7 52.8 Emission Standard (m0m/'3) 240 - 120 The table shows that the pollutants emitted during engine test process is lower than emission standard. 3.6.1.3 Smoke emission of boilers is shown in Table 3-3. T able 3-3 Smoke Emission of Boilers item Emission Emission concentration Emission standard kg/h kg/d I tla mg/m;' mg/m coal consumption 1600 25600 5000 S02 ' 20.48 327.68 64 853 1200 smoke dust 4.32 69.12 13.5 180 250 3.6.1.4 The air pollutants emission of the proposed project is summarized in the following table. Table 3-4 Summary of Air Pollutants Emission Pollutants Benzene series NOx CO HC so0 smoke dust kg/d 0.53 0.74 0.70 0.57 327.68 69.12 kg/a 188 265 251 204 64x103 13.5x 103 3.6.2 Emission Load of Water Pollutants The pollutants contained in the waste water of the proposed project is shown in the following Table 3-5. 10 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility Table 3-5 Waste Water Emission Load Flow pH oil SS_ COD ttd mg_ I kgtd mg/l kg/d mg/l kg/d waste water from production 232.17 6.8 27 6.27 130 30.18 110 25.54 domestic sewage 47 7.3 5 0.23 150 7.05 96 4.51 'vaste waterfrom boilers 16 7.8 110 1.76 40 0.64 Total 295.17 6.9 22 6.5 1 132 38.99 104 30.69 3.6.3 Solid Waste The solid wastes of the projects are mainly the useless parts from vehicle major repairs, metal debris from mechanical treatment and boiler slag. The total amount is ca. 1430 t/a. Most of the useless parts will be recovered or sold out, and boiler slag will be used for road construction. 3.6.4 Noise Prediction Noise mainly comes from the equipment such as mechanic treatment, punching shear, air blowers and compressors. According to investigation and prediction, the maximum equipment noise will be 95 dB (air compressors ), and the maximum workshop noise is 85 dB. 11 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang, Bus Repair Facility 4. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 4.1 Natural Environment 4.1.1 Climate and Meteorology The project is located in the suburb of Shenyang City, under a semi-humid continental monsoon climate. Winter is cold and dry, while summer is warmn and rainy. The annual average temperature is 7.8 °C, with extreme high of 39.3 °C and extreme low of -33.1°C. The average wind velocity is 3.8 m/s, with a prevailing direction of SSW. The annual average precipitation is 747.3 nmn, mainly concentrated in June - August. The maximum snow accumulation is 20 c'n in winter. The annual evaporation is 1333 mm. 4.1.2 Topography The project area is located in the flood land of the alluvial plane of Liao River and Hun River, with elevation of 40-60 m. The terrain is higher in north-east and goes gradually lower to the south-west. 4.1.3 Hydro-geology Ground water of the project area is supplied by precipitation, ground water from aquifer of alluvium of Hun River valley and surface water of North Canal. The flow direction is from north-east to south-west. Based on survey, the elevation of ground water table in the project site is 25.0 m. 4.1.4 Surface Water Within the assessment area, the main surface water body is the North Canal, 2 km south of the project area, flowing from south-east to north-west. The North canal is the largest canal in Shenyang. It is 36 km long, 20-25 m wide and 0.7-0.8 m deep, with annual average flow of 1.3 m3/s. The waste water of the proposed project will be discharged into the canal, through the municipal drainage system. However, it is planned that, after August of 1998, this waste water will be intercepted to the North Municipal Waste Water Treatment Plant of Shenyang city, which is ca. 4.25 km west of the facility. 4.1.5 Ground Water Gi'ound water is the main water source of Shenyang city, and will be the main water source of the project too. Due to sound hydro-geological condition, there is abundant water reserves in the project area. However, the ground water table has already deceased because of years of over extraction. 12 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 4.2 Social Environment 4.2.1 Administrative District and Population The proposed facility is located in Xiaohantuan Village, Beiling Town of Yuhong District, Shenyang. This is a rural area, featuring agriculture. The total population in the EIA assessment area is 12,677. 4.2.2 Industries There is no large-sized industries within assessment area. However, there are 11 township industrial enterprises; Including hennery, vehicle repair services and construction material production factories. 4.2.3 Farmland Farmnland is found in the east, north and west side of the facility, planting vegetable and corn. 4.2.4 Infrastructure To the south of the facility located a water source of the Shenyang Water Supply Company, containing 11 wells. The well depth is 30 m, and the daily extraction is 9,000 tons. About 4 km west to the facility is the North Municipal Waste Water Treatment Plant under construction, with a capacity of 400,000 t/d. Currently, the phase I of the plant has been finished. 4.2.5 Public Utilities There are planned roads in the north, east and west sides of the facility connecting arterial and sub-arterial roads in the city. And also there are bus route leading to the railway station and the airport. 4.2.6 Land Use The project is located in the Liangma Development Zone, which is planned to be industrial area. 4.3 Ecological Environment There is no special ecological protection zones within the assessment area. 13 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 5. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT QUALITY 5.1 Ambient Air Quality 5.1.1 Monitoring Layout Three monitoring points of environmental air quality were selected. One was in the site of the proposed facility, one was in Bajiazi, which is 1 km away the up-wind direction of the dominant wind direction, and another was in No. 601 Institute, which is 1 km away the down-wind direction of the dominant wind direction. The detailed layout is shown in Figure 5-1. 5.1.2 Monitoring Items The monitoring items for environmental air quality are benzene, methyl benzene, HC, TSP, SO2, NOx and CO. 5.1.3 Monitoring Time and Frequency The monitoring was continuously carried out in seven days (from Feb. 2 to 8, 1998). The daily average concentrations of TSP, SO2, NOx and CO were continuously monitored during 24 hours a day. The sampling time for the hourly averages of SO2, NOx, CO, HC, benzene and methyl benzene was in 7:30-8:30, 12:00-13:00, 17:00-18:00 and 23:00-24:00. 5.1.4 Monitoring Results and Analysis The monitoring results are presented in Table 5-1. Table 5-1 Monitoring Results of Environmental Air Quality Unit: mglm3 benzene methyl HC TSP S02 NOx CO NO2 benzene Bajiazi Daily 0.001 0.54 0.14 0.06 1.20 0.006 Average Hourly 0.01 0.47 0.09 3.23 0.009 Average No. 601 Daily 0.13 0.45 0.13 0.08 1.82 0.008 Institute Average Hourly 0.51 0.41 0.13 4.52 0.013 Average Site of the Daily 0.008 0.35 0.12 0.07 1.25 0.007 facility Average Hourly 0.02 0.34 0.12 3.15 0.013 Average Class 2 of Daily 0.30 0.15 0.10 4.00 0.08 GB3095-96 Average Hourly 0.50 0.15 10.00 0.12 Average TJ 36-79' Daily 0.08 0.10 Average Hourly 2.40 0.30 _______________ Average DB 21-60 Daily 1.0 -89 Average HDurly 3.0 Average *: TJ36-79 is industrial enterprise design sanitation standard. 14 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility Figure 5-1 The Sampling Site of Shenyang Public Vehicle Maitenance Depot -E S aohanh sh R .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ a Ground wNater / Project Site Scale 1.37500 15~~~~~~~~~~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility It can be concluded from Table 5-1 that: * The daily averages of TSP in all monitoring sites exceed the standards, which is respectively 0.8 times of the standard in Bajiazi, 0.5 times in No. 601 Institute and 0.17 times in the site of the facility; * The daily and hourly averages of SO2, NOx and CO in the three monitoring sites are under the standards; * Benzene and xylene are not detected in the monitoring sites; * The daily and hourly averages in the monitoring sites are under the standards. 5.2 Surface Water Quality 5.2.1 The North Cannel is the major surface water body in the environmental assessment area, which is about 2 km south of the proposed facility, and flows from south-east to north-west. The water discharge of the proposed facility will enter the underground pipe system of the Second Ring Road, and finally enter the North Cannel. The water quality of the North Cannel is presented in Table 5-2 based on Environmental Quality Report in Shenyang, 1997. Table 5-2 The Water Quality of the North Cannel Unit: mg/l Pollutant Concentration GB3838-88 IV Times of Standard-exceeding PH 7.5 6.5-8.5 SS 62 CODcr 122 20 5.1 CN 0.019 0.2 Phenol 0.193 0.01 18.3 Oil 1.84 0.5 2.7 Pb 0.03 0.05 Hg 0.0002 0.001 As 0.004 0.1 Cu 0.02 1.0 Zn 0.084 2.0 Cd 0.014 0.005 1.8 Cr+ 0.002 0.05 Cr 0.011 NH3-N 15.8 NO, N 1.03 20 NO,-N 0.542 1.0 It shows that CODcr, phenol and Cd exceed the standard. The Nortlh Cannel is polluted mainly by organic pollutants. 5.3 Ground Water Quality 5.3.1 Monitoring Site Layout Two sites were selected in the self-supply wells of the proposed facility site and No. 601 Institute for grounid water mloniitorinig. The monitoringc, results are shown in Table 5-3. 16 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 5.3.2 Monitoring Time and Frequency The monitoring was continuously carried out in three days (Feb.2-4, 1998), once in each day. S.3.3 Monitoring Results Analysis All pollutant concentrations are under the standard except nitrate nitrogen. Table 5-3 Monitoring Results of Ground Water Unit: mg/l Pollutant , Monitoring Site Proposed Site No. 601 Institute Class m GBIT14848-93 Colority 7<5 1 O dor __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ Turbidity <30 <3 <30 Visible substance _ ___ _ pH 6.59 6.6 6.5-8.5 Total hardness 229 253.5 s 450 Iron 0.03 0.15 s 0.3 Manganese <0.05  s 0.3 Copper s 1.0 Zinc < 1.0 Phenol s 0.002 Sulfate 65.38 108.0 = 250 Chloride 33 80.4  250 Nitrate nitrogen 20.55 3.8 c 20 Nitrite nitrogen 0.021 s 0.02 Ammornia nitrogen 0.11 < 0.2 Total bacteria <0 100 Colibacillus <3 s__ _ _ 3.0 5.4 Noise 5.4.1 Monitoring Site Layout The monitoring sites were selected in the proposed site, Liangma Villa and Bajiazi. The specific locations are shown in Figure 5-1. The receptor of Liangma Villa is 500 m west of the proposed facility, and the receptor of Bajiazi is about 1000 m north to the proposed facility. 5.4.2 Monitoring Time and Frequency The monitoring was carried out day and night in Feb. 2-4, 1998. 5.4.3 Monitoring Results Analysis Table 5-4 shows the monitoring results of all receptors. 17 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility Table 5-4 Noise Monitoring Results Unit: dB) Site L10 L50 L90 Leq Standard Day N Day Night Day NighD Night Day Ni Class 4, GB 12348-90 Proposed facility 53 42 50 40 42 32 41 31 70 | 55 Class 2, GB3096-93 Liangma Villa 55 45 48 38 53 43 54 44 55 45 Class 4, GB3096-93 Bajiazi 45 35 41 30 42 32 43 33 70 55 It can be concluded that the noise levels in all receptors are under the standards. k I 8 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA ofShenyang Bus Repair Facility 6. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS 6.1 Ambient Air 6.1.1 Impact of Paint-spraying It is shown in Table 3-1 that new technology is used for the process of paint-spraying and the paint-spraying gas will be treated in the workshop. Therefore, the organic benzene containing emission from paint-spraying decreases to 0.13 kg/h. The concentration of benzene is 6.6 mg/m3, which is under the standard (GB 16297-96, benzene emission:0.5 kg/h, benzene concentration: 12mg/r3). 6.1.2 Engine Test Smoke Table 3-2 indicates that the maximum emission flows of NOx and HC are respectively 26% and 1.6% of the standards, and the maximum emission concentrations are 28.5% and 44% of the standards. 6.1.3 Boiler Smoke Based on the analysis in section 3.6.1.3, the maximum emission concentration of dust is 180 mg/m3, which is under the standard (250 mg/m3, Class 2 of GB13271-91); the maximum of S02 is 853 mg/m3, which is under the standard (1,200 mg/m3). 6.2 Surface Water The waste water discharge of the project is 295.17 t'd, including 232.17 t/d waste water from production process. The concentrations of oil, SS and CODcr exceed the standards (DB21- 60-89). The pollutants mainly come from the production waste water. Physi-chemical method is proposed to be used to treat the waste water from production. The recycle rate will be 70%. Provided the removal rate of the treatment system is 80%, the pollutants discharge load and reduction are calculated and presented in Table 6-1. The waste water discharge after treatment of the proposed facility is shown in Table 6-2. Table 6-1 Pollutant Discharge Load and Reduction for Production Waste Water Discharge PH Oil_ S_ ; COD (t/d) Mg/_ kp/d mg/I kg/d mg/l kg/d before treatment 232.17 6.8 2.7 6.27 130 30.18 110 25.54 after treatment 56.01 6.9 5.4 0.30 26 1.45 22 1.23 reduc.tion 176.16 5.97 28.73 24.31 Table 6-2 Waste water Discharge of the Facilit after Treatment Discharge pH Oil SS COD (tld) mg/l kg/d mg _ kg/d mg/I kg/d Production waste water 56.01 6.9 5.4 0.30 26 1.45 22 1.23 Domestic sewage 47 7.3 5 0.23 150 7.05 96 4.51 Boiler waste water 16 7.5 - - 110 1.76 40 0.64 Total discharge 119.01 7.1 4.5 0.53 86 10.26 54 6.38 Standard 6-9 8.0 I 100 100 19 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility The pollutant concentrations of the mixed waste water discharge are under the standards after the treatment of production waste water. A new North Waste Water Treatment Plant of Shenyang City will be put into operation in August 1998, which is 4.25 km near the proposed facility. When the facility opens in September 1999, the waste water discharge from the facility will be treated by the plant. 6.3 Ground Water The floor of the workshop shall be treated to resist oil and acid. Waste water will be treatment and discharges into municipal drainage network, hence representing no impact on ground water in the projecqarea. 6.4 Solid Waste Solid wastes generated in the facility include 250 t/a of waste metal parts, debris and materials; and 100 t/a of waste materials. These will be recycled and sold out. The boiler slag (1080 t/a) will be used for road construction. 6.5 Noise Impact All noisy equipment shall be installed within workshops, with anti-vibration and closure measures adopted. The maximum noise level is 85 dB in the boiler house and air compressor house. The noise level at 1.0 m outside the workshop is 65 dB. Because the boiler house and air compressor house are located in the north-west and the north of the facility, 65 dB can be considered as the maximum noise level within the facility, which is under the standard (70dB in day time, GB 12348-90 TV). The nearest residential area of Beibajiazi is located in lkm north of the facility. After decreased by 5 dB, according to calculation, the noise level in the residential area is lower than the standard. Liangma Villa is newly built in 500 m south-west of the facility. The noise level will be 11 dB there, with no impact on environmnent. 20 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 7. Mitigation Measures 7.1 Air Pollution 7.1.1 Mitigation Measures for Paint-spraying Exhaust (1). Use paint-spraying and baking cell to purify exhaust It is proposed to adopt ZD-701-CHI Vehicle Paint-spraying and Baking Cell in the proposed facility. The structure.of the cell and its working process is illustrated in Figure 7-1. Figure 7-1 Structure of Paint-spraying & Baking Cell 6 5 4 3 2 l 1. Primary filtration; 2. Air blower; 3. Heat exchange system; 4. High efficiency fine filtration; 5. Bottom filtration; 6. Exhaust exit; 7. Waste gas treatment system. By using such cells, air exchange amount can be 2,000 m3 per hour, cleaning more than 98% of pollutants of benzene series. The emission concentration of benzene is 6.6 mg/m3, lower than the standard (GB 16297-96, benzene concentration: 12 mg/m3). (2). Select new paint to reduce pollution load A kind of new high-efficiency paint diluent will be used in the facility. It is composed of several high-efficiency organic solvent with no benzene containing and non-hazardous. Currently it has been broadly utilized in many large vehicle manufacturers. By using such a diluent, emission of benzene can be reduced by 21.15 t/a, hence pollution be greatly reduced. 7.1.2- Mitigation Measures for Boiler Smoke The maximum coal consumption of the boilers in the proposed facility is 2,134 kg/h during winter time. The smoke will be cleaned by using dust removal facilities before emitted to environment. In order to meet the standard of 250 mg/rn' ( Class 2 of Air Pollutants Emission Standard for Boilers), the dust removal efficiency must be higher than 93%, hence, wet collectors will be adopted. After treatment, the concentration of dust in the smoke is 180 mg/rn3, and S02 is 853 mg/3, which are lower than the standard. 21 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 7.2 Water Pollution 7.2.1 Separation of Clean Water and Sewage The main pollution load comes from the waste water of production process, accounting for 96% of oil, 77% of SS and 83% of COD of the total load of the facility. Therefore, it will be separated to be treated. Totally about 232.17 tons of water will be used by production process every day. While only 0.01 t/a is used for battery cell washing. Because it contains H2SO4, it shall be separately treated. Other oil-containing waste water will be concentrated for separate treatment. k 7.2.2 Waste Water Treatment Following treatment process is designed for oil-containing waste water and battery cell washing water, as illustrated in Figure 7-2 and Figure 7-3. Figure 7-2 Treatment Process of Oil-containing Waste Water Floating oil collection Washing water T T Oil separation _ laain |Filtration Water tank Reuse Oil containingl sewage ,. settlement effluent discharge Figure 7-3 Treatment Process for Battery Washing Water Waste water of compressed air battery washing E Discharge alkali waste wvater L settle hent After treatment, more than 80% of oil, SS and COD can be removed. The effluent, which contains 5.4 mg/l of oil, 26 mg/I of SS and 22 mg/l of COD, can meet the discharge standard (8 mg/l of oil, 100 mg/l of SS and 100 mg/l of COD) and can be reused, saving fresh water by 162 t/d. 7.3 Solid Waste During the operation of the facility, the annual discharge of waste metal parts will be 200 tons, waste metal debris will be 50 tons and otlher waste materials will be more than 100 tons. 22 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility All these will be recovered and sold out. More than 1,080 t/a of boiler slag can be used for road construction or as other construction material. 7.4 Noise The major noise sources are mechanical processing equipment, air compressor and blowers. In order to achieve standard-compliance noise level within the project boundary and protect the workers, low noise equipment shall be selected, and anti-vibration and sound-proof measures be adopted. Therefore, the noise level can meet the standard of Class 4 of GB 12348-90 (day: 70 dB, night: 55 dB) 7.5 Green Spate It is recommended to plant flowers, trees and grass around buildings and roads to prevent dust, absorb noise and beautify the environment. 7.6 Resettlement In the project, no resettlement will occur. 23 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 8. ALTERNATIVE MITIGATION MEASURES 8.1 Oil Containing Waste Water Floatation measure is adopted for the oil containing waste water treatment. FJ Floatation Facility is recommended, which is made by Shenyang Special Environmental Protection Facility Ltd. The oil removal rate is 94-98%, SS is 84-98%, COD is 80%. The oil discharge concentration will be 5.4 mg/I, SS will be 26 mg/l and COD will be 22 mg/I, under the standards (oil: 8 mg/I, SS: 100 mg/I, COD: 100 mg/I). 8.2 Paint-spraying Exhaust Four alternatives are considered for the cleaning of paint-spraying tail gas. Based on the specific situation, simple catalytic combustion will be selected. 24 Liaoning Urban Trahsport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 9. TOTAL POLLUTANT LOAD CONTROL PLAN 9.1 Parameters of Pollutant Load Control Benzene, dust, SO2, oil and CODcr are selected as the parameters for pollutant load control. 9.2 Principle of Pollutant Load Control The principle of pollutant load control of this project is that the total pollutants mentioned above discharged by Shenyang Passenger Transit Group (and within regional environment) will be reduced due to. the new facility. 9.3 Pollutant Load Control Measures 9.3.1 Pollutants Emission of the Facility Table 9-1 shows the pollutants emission during operation of the proposed facility. Table 9-1 Pollutant Emission of the Proposed Facility Pollutant SO2 dust benzene series oil CODcr unit t/a t/a kg/a kg/a kg/a Emission 64 13.5 188 190 2,284 9.3.2 Pollutant Load Analysis At present, there is no maintenance depot specially designed for major repair and medium maintenance of buses in Shenyang. In the past, these services were provided by 8 existing maintenance depots. In 1997, only 300 vehicles received major repair and medium maintenance, which is 30% of the capacity of the new facility. By the project completion, all major repair and medium maintenance of public vehicles will be done in the new facility. Due to their small sites and poor equipment, pollutants of the existing depots were discharged into environment directly without treatment. The total emission of benzene of these 8 depots is 9,165 kg/a ( 48 times as that of new repair facility ), oil and CODcr in production waste water is 673 kg/a and 2,743 kg/a respectively ( ca. 6.2 times as that of the new facility). Meanwhile, use of large capacity boilers and high-efficiency dust collectors will further reduce emission of S02 and dust. Therefore, the project will increase pollution in the project site, while reduce air and water pollution in the area of Shenyang. 9.3.3 Pollutant Load Control Measures (1). The waste water from the facility will be intercepted and sent into the North MLnicipal Waste Water Treatment Plant of Shenyang for further treatment. (2). Shenyang Passenger Transit Group plans to re-arrange the assignment of the existing 8 depots to reduce pollutioni within Shenyang city. 25 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 9.4 Evaluation of Pollutant Load Control According to the technology used in this project and relevant analysis, it is recommended that following values be used as goals for evaluation of the pollutant load control measures: dust < 13.5 t/a S02<64t/a benzene series <188 kg/a oil < 190 kg/a CODcr < 2,284 kg/a 26 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: ETA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 10. ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFIT ANALYSIS 10.1 Estimate of Environmental Protection Investment The environmental protection investment of the project is listed in Table 10-1. Table 10-1 Estimate of Environmental Protection Investment Pollutant Removal rate % Measures Investment (RMB) Paint-spraying tail benzene series, 98% high-efficiency paint diluent 1,800,000 gas treatnent paint fog 98% and activated filtration Wet collector smoke dust 90-97% mechanical centrifugation 700,000 Oil-containing oil 80% oil separation, floatation 500,000 sewage CODt 80% and filtration SS 80% Waste battery pH electrolysis, neutralization 300,000 washing water Noise control anti-vibration, enclosure 100,000 Green space 300,000 Institutional 600,000 capacity building Total 4,300,000 10.2 Environmental and Economic Benefit Analysis By investing more than 4 million RMB on environmental protection measures, the overall environmental of Shenyang will benefit from it. Although the pollution load in the project area will increase due to the project, however, this will be controlled within requirement of relevant standards by adopting mitigation measures mentioned above. 27 Lianning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 11. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN 11.1 Establishment of Environmental Management Facility For World Bank financed projects, it is required to establish environmental management facility. In this project, an Environmental Protection Department and an Environmental Lab will be established, with 8 staff responsible for environmental management and monitoring. 11.2 Environmental Monitoring Equipment Monitoring equipment will be purchased to ensure environmental monitoring. These include pH meter, balance, refrigerator, electric-oven, glass instrument and analytical instrument for COD, oil and other pollutants. 11.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan 11.3.1 Monitoring Sites and Items (1). Water discharge outlet of the facilityt: pH, oil, COD, SS; (2). Vent of paint-spraying and baking cell: benzene, methyl benzene, xylene; (3). Inlet and outlet of waste water treatment facility: pH, oil, COD; (4). Outlet of dust collector of boilers: dust, SO2; (5). Main noise sources: noise. 11.3.2 Monitoring Frequency (1). Waste Water Treatment Facility: once a month; (2). Vent of paint-spraying and baking cell: once a month; (3). Boilers: twice a year (one time in heating season and one in non-heating season). 28 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 12. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION Representatives of the People's Congress of Yuhong District, where the project is located in, were invited by the construction unit and environmental authorities for their opinion on the project. Public meetings were held in four villages around the project site for public comments. Meanwhile, Inquiry Forms were disseminated to government agencies, schools, a scientific institute. During this stage, a total number of 120 people were involved, covering governmental officials, intellectuals, industrial workers, farmers and students. Since the constructi.on of a new facility will improve the operation of existing public transportation, hence-promote development of urban construction and economy. Therefore, the project is supported by the public investigated. For pollution caused by the project, such as waste gas containing benzene, methyl benzene and xylene and water containing oil, etc., it is expected by the public that proper measure should be taken to minimize this pollution. The public opinion was collected and reported to relevant authorities. Effective measures will be adopted with full consideration of public opinion. 29 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility 13. CONCLUSION (1). The waste water discharge of the facility is 119 t/d, mainly from production process containing oil, SS and COD. The production waste water (with battery washing water) will be separated from domestic sewage for treatment, and about 70% of this effluent can be reused, while the other 30% will mix with domestic sewage and be discharged within the sewage discharge standard of Liaoning (DB21-60-89, industrial enterprise discharge standard). (2). Floatation filtration will be adopted in this project to treat waste water containing oil, SS and CODcr, with efficiency of more than 80%. (3). Currently the xkste water of the project is discharged into North Canal via municipal drainage system. By the time the facility is put into operation, the North Waste Water Treatment Plant of Shenyang City will also be finished. Then, the waste water of the facility will be intercepted into the treatment plant, hence, presenting no impact on surface and ground water. (4). The paint-spraying and baking cell is designed for reduce pollution of paint fog and pollutants of benzene series, with a high removal rate of 98%. Meanwhile, adoption of non- hazardous high-efficiency diluent containing no benzene will further reduce pollutants emission. The concentrations of various pollutants in the emission are lower than the standard value (GB 16297-1996), with little environmental impact. (5). Waste gas from engine test contains lower concentration of NOx, CO and HC than the emission standard and will be emitted directly into the air. (6). For boilers with annual coal consumption of 5,000 tons, dust removal facility will be used to reduce the emission of S02 and dust to 853 mg/m3 and 180 mg/mi3 respectively, which are lower than Class 2 of GB13271-91. In order to keep the emission in compliance with standard, the efficiency of the dust collector shall be more than 93%, and the stack shall be at least 35 m high. (7). The annual generation of waste metal parts and metal debris will be 250 tons and other waste materials will be more than 100 tons. All these will be recovered and sold out. More than 1,080 t/a of boiler slag can be used for road construction or as other construction material. No negative impact on environment will occur. (8). The main noise sources are mechanical processing equipment, air blowers and compressors. Due to anti-vibration and enclosure measures, noise level at the project boundary is 65 dB, lower than Class rV (GB 12348-90). The noise basically has no impact on surrounding residential areas because of far distance. (9). The environmental protection investment is 4.3 million RMB, about 7.3 % of the total investment. (10). The new facility will take over all major repair and medium maintenance work which were done formerly by 8 existing depots. It will increase emission of dust by 13.5 t/a, S02 by 64 t/a, benzene by 188 kg/a, oil by 190 kg/a and CODcr by 2,284 kg/a in the project area, 30 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex A: EIA of Shenyang Bus Repair Facility however, it will reduce over all pollutant emission in Shenyang city. The repair capacity of the project will be 3.3 times of the existing capacity. The implementation of the project will be significant to improve maintenance technology of buses, meet the requirement of bus repair capacity, develop public transportation and improve the city function. (11). The land acquisition of the project is 60,000 m3, with resettlement of 80 green houses, one school and one small paper mill. All these have been properly arranged. (12). Operation of the new facility will increase the operation level of public transportation in Shenyang, provide adequate service for vehicle maintenance, and is significance for the development of overall urban functions. Environmental pollution mitigation are proposed for whole production pt&ess to reduce pollution load. With all these proper measures, the proposed project is environmentally feasible. 31 Annex A Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject SHENYANG BUS REPAIR FACILITY -t ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Draft Final Report July 1998 Shenyang Environmental Science Institute Post, Buckley International. Inc Director: Wang Hongjun Vice General Engineer: Tian Delin Project Manager: Li Xiuhong Cheng Zhiqiang Report Author: Zhao Huijuan Li Xiuhong Cheng Zhiqiang Zhang Zhenwei Fu Guizhi Translated and edited by: Zhang Huihui Engineer, environmental engineering, Liaoning Provincial Environmental Science Institute Wang Peishen Engineer, environmental engineering, Liaoning Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau Annex B LIAO URBAN TRANSPORT PROJECT OUTLINE OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE -t FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL STRATEGY Draft June 1998 Liaoning Urban Construction & Renewal Project Office Post, Buckley International. Inc. Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex B: Outline of MVECS 1. Introduction The implementation of Liaoning Urban Transport Project (LUTP) will result in increased traffic and motor vehicle emissions, leading to deterioration of air quality along the project ,roads. Over the long term, the benefit brought by the project on air quality from a city perspective will be offset by the expanded motor vehicle fleet. Eventually, motor vehicle speeds on a city wide basis will slow down again and air quality in the project cities will worsen. Although several quickly designed mitigation actions will be taken during the operation phase, they are not able to fully address the fundamental cause of the long term air quality impact by the project due to the complex nature of the issue. The mitigation of the long term project impacts on air quality and, ultimately, sustained improvement of air quality in the project cities call for a well researched and structured motor vehicle emission control strategy (MVECS). The MVECS is to provide the accurate assessment of present situation on motor vehicle emissions in the projects cities as well as the trends in the future. Best available motor vehicle emission technologies and successful experience in control motor vehicle emissions at home and from abroad will be evaluated for their potential application in the project cities. On this basis, the MVECS will specify a series of effective, site specific, integrated and goal oriented control, mitigation and remediation measures to tackle the long term impact of the project on air quality. Major efforts will be required in developing MVECS for each of the three project cities. A technical assistance is therefore needed for necessary and appropriate technical and financial resources. This document outlines the main scope and key elements in the proposed TA, including responsible organizations, the means of TA, the contents of TA, estimated costs for the TA and the TA implementation. 2. The Responsible Organizations LUCRPO and project offices in each city will be responsible for the implementation of this strategy. A capable and experienced institute will be responsible for overall integration. Local and foreign experts will be recruited as consultants. One research institute in each city will be needed to be responsible for the strategy development, and this institute will be selected in accordance with certain procedures based on the TOR. 3. Means of Technical Assistance 3.1 Consulting Services Consultants experienced with motor vehicle emission reduction will be retained. The lead consultant will be responsible for development of MVECS, and supported by research institutes from Shenyang, Anshan and Fushun which are most familiar with motor vehicle fleet, air quality, urban and industrial development and local policies in air quality control and environmental protection in general in their respective cities. Since the local teams are limited by their experience in dealing witlh complicated strategies for motor vehicle emission control and latest development in motor emission control Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex B: Outline of MVECS technologies, out-of-province consultants who are with these experience will be retained to provide assistance and guidance in MVECS development. 3.2 Technical Workshop A technical workshop will be held at the key stage of the MVECS development. At the workshop, the local and out-off-province consultants will present the findings from their initial study on the present motor vehicle issues in the project cities, trends in the future in motor vehicle fleet and emissions, current mitigation measures and their effectiveness, and local regulatory framework related to air quality in general and motor vehicle emission in specific. Leading experts in this area will be invited to participate in the workshop primarily those from cities which have successfully developed and implemented an MVECS and improved their air quality because of it. The experts are to provide their views and recommendations on the problems presented to them and share their successes and leam from their lessons. The objectives of the workshop will be exchange ideas, focusing on the specific issues facing the project cities. The workshop will be organized as such that various motor vehicle emission control measures will be discussed and debated for their effectiveness in addressing the motor vehicle emissions and air quality issues unique to each of the project cities. 3.3 Overseas Study and Inspection The provincial consultants as well as officials from the project cities responsible for developing, adoption and implementing the MVECS will travel aboard to study similar MVECS in countries such as the US or Canada. The study and inspection tour will be in cities which already have include meetings with MVECS development and implementing agencies, MVECS facilities, institutes or companies involved in motor vehicle emission control technology research and application, and regulatory agencies directly relevant to air quality control, particularly motor vehicle emission control. . 4 Contents of Technical Assistance 4.1 Information collection and current situation assessment Information on the present situation on motor vehicle emissions in each of the project cites will be collected and compiled. Assessment of the collected information will be made to produce a clear and full understanding of various aspects of the motor vehicle emission issue and its relation to air quality. 4.2 Research of the trends of the future Future trends on the motor vehicle fleet, emission control teclnologies and other factors which may affect the growth of motor vehicles such as population, urban development and standard of living in the future will be researched. The objectives are to predict the variation in motor vehicle emissions, air pollution load, and air quality in the future in the project cities. 2 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Annex B: Outline of MVECS 4.3 Study of advanced motor vehicle control technologies and programs Various technologies in motor vehicle emission control and reduction will be studied. The focus will be on their effectiveness and success in application. 4.4 Development control measures On the basis of a clear understanding of the issues facing the project cities, the trends of motor vehicle growth and impact of the emissions on air quality, and knowledge of motor vehicle emission c.ontrol technologies and programs, a series of motor vehicle control measures will be developed as the core of the strategy. These measures will include, but not be limited to: * * stringent motor vehicle emission control standard and regulations; * promote unleaded fuel; * vehicle inspection and maintenance program; * catalytic purification facilities; * engine improvement; - retirement of aged vehicles; - monitor and enforcing the motor vehicle emission standards; * promote public transportation; * increase motor vehicle speeds; e motor vehicle quantity control in urban centers; and * develop clean or alternative fuel technologies. 4.6 Establishment of the implementing details A detailed plan will be developed to ensure the strategy will be adopted and implemented. The details may include designate executing/responsible agencies, implementinp schedule, budget allocation, monitoring and reporting procedures, and feedback system. 4.6 Reporting A report will be prepared as the deliverable from the consultants for developing the MVECS. While in a single volume, the report will cover all three project cities and specify, where appropriate, the unique measures and policies for each of the project cities. The report will provide full details of the MVECS and can be readily used as guide for strategy implementation and progress monitoring by relevant organizations. 5 Costs and Implementation 5.1 Cost The estimated cost for the techllical assistance to develop an MVECS covering the three project cities is presented in thie following table. It should be pointed out that more refined cost for the TA will be developed when a fuLll terms of reference for MVECS development is prepared. 3 Annex C Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject CROSS SECTIONS OF THE ROADS IN PRELIMINARY DESIGN July 1998 Shenyang Municipal Engineering Design Institute Post, Buckley International. Inc Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenvang Subproject Annex B: Outline of NIVECS Items Level of Effort Estimated Cost Local Consultants 40 man-months Out-of-province Consultants 15 man-months Workshop Organization Cost Expert Invitation Overseas study and inspection 8 persons for 2 weeks Total 150,000 US Dollars 5.2 Implementing schedule The key milestones tor developing MVECS are: Date Effort July 1999 Commencement of MVECS development July 2001 Completion of MVECS development July 2002 Adoption and implementation of MVECS Annually prior to 2002 Reporting on progress Annually after 2002 Reporting on performance of MVECS 4 Director: Wang Hongjun Director Assistant: Song Shiwei Technical Auditor: Tian Delin Chief Author: Li Xiuhong, Senior Engineer, environmnental engineering Other Staff: Zhang Zhenwei Senior engineer, air pollution control, computer Guo Yingguang Engineer, meteorology, geophysics Wang Ying Senior engineer, environmental engineering Qiu Mingxuan Engineer, chemistry Dong Shaobo Senior engineer, geology Zhao Huijuan Senior engineer, chemistry Dao Chunsheng Engineer, physics Reviewed and Translated by: Zhang Huihui Engineer, environmental engineering, Liaoning Provincial Environmental Science Institute Wang Peishen Engineer, environmental engineering, Liaoning Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1-4 11.1 Objectives------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1------- I 1.2 Basis for the EIA ---------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------- I 1.3 Scope and Applicable Standards ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1.3.1 Scope of EIA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2 1.3.2 Applicable Standards--------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1.3.3 Level of the EIA ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 2. PROJECT DVESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING ANALYSIS 5-22 2.1 General 5 2.1.1 Project Description ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 2.1.2 Role in Transport Planning -------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 2.1.3 Preferred Option and Alternatives ----------------------------------------------------------- 11 2.1.4 Major Source of Raw Materials -------------------------------------------------------------- 11 2.2 Schedule ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 2.3 Cost Estimates for Project Construction and Mitigation --------------------------------------------- 15 2.4 Population and Motor Vehicle Fleet ----------------------------------------------------------------- 15 2.4.1 Current Population and Expected Growth -------------------------------------------------- 15 2.4.1.1 Current Population ------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 2.4.1.2 Expected Growth -------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 2.4.2 Current Traffic and Forecast ------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 2.4.2.1 Current Traffic ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 2.4.2.2 Traffic Forecast ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 3. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 23-40 3.1 Location ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 3.2 Biophysical environment --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 3.2.1 Meteorology and Climate ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 3.2.2 Air Quality ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 3.2.2.1 Monitoring Sit Layout --------------------------------------------------------------- 26 3.2.2.2 Monitoring Time and Frequency ------------------------------------------------- 26 3.2.2.3 Parameters and Applicable Standard -------------------------------------------- 26 3.2.2.4 Monitoring Result and Assessment ----------------------------------------------- 26 3.2.3 Noise --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 3.2.3.1 Monitoring Site Layout ------------------------------------------------------ 31 3.2.3.2 Monitoring Time and Frequency ------------------------------------------------- 31 3.2.3.3 Monitoring Result and Assessment ----------------------------------------------- 31 3.2.4 Vibration----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32 3.2.5 Sunshine ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36 3.2.6 Geology and Topography --------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 3.2.7 Soil and Vegetation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 3.3 Socio-economic Environment---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 3.3.1 Demographics and Community Overview -------------------------------------------------- 39 3.3.1.1 Community Functional Classification and Population Distribution --------- 39 3.3.1.2 Distribution of Residence Affected ----------------------------------------------- 39 3.3.2 Land Use --------------------- 40 4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS 41-103 4.1 Issues and Concerns ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 4.2 Air Quality------------------------------------------- ----- ------- 42 4.2.1 Methodology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 4.2.1.1 Emission Model and Parameters ------------------------------------- 43 4.2.1.2 Dispersion Model and Parameters ------- ----------------- 43 4.2.2 Vehicle Emission Inventory ---------- - 44 4.2.3 Impact Analysis ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 4.2.3.1 Construction Phase ----------- 47 4.2.3.2 Operational Phase ---------------------------------------------------------------- 48 4.2.3.3 Impact Assessment of the Bus Repair Facility and the Bus Terminal ------- 57 4.2.3.4 Analysis of Comparison With vs Without the Project ------------------------- 58 4.2.3.5 -*dr Quality Comparison With vs Without the Project in Shenyang Urban City in 2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 63 4.2.4 Mitigation------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 64 4.2.4.1 Construction Phase ----------------------------------------------------------------- 64 4.2.4.2 Operational Phase --- ---------- 65 4.2.5 Residual Impact-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 4.2.5.1 Construction Phase ---------------------------------------------------------------- 67 4.2.5.2 Operational Phase -------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 4.3 Noise and Vibration -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 4.3.1 Methodology --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 4.3.1.1 TrafficNoiseProjection---------------------------------------------------------- 68 4.3.1.2 Vibration Projection ---- ------ --------------------------------------- 69 4.3.2 Noise Source Inventory ------------------------------- ---------------------------- 69 4.3.3 Noise Impact Analysis ----------------------------------- ------ 69 4.3.3.1 Construction Phase -------------------------------------------------------- --- 69 4.3.3.2 Operational Phase----------------------------------------------------------------- 70 4.3.4 Mitigation------ ------------------ --------------------------------------------- 81 4.3.4.1 Construction Phase ------------------------------------- 81 4.3.4.2 Operational Phase --- ------------------------------------------------------------- 81 4.3.5 Residual Impact-------------------------------------------------------------------- 88 4.3.5.1 Construction Phase ------------------------------------------- 88 4.3.5.2 Operational Phase -------------------------------------------------------------------- 88 4.3.6 Vibration----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 91 4.4 Sunshine ---------------------------------1------------ 9 1 4.4.1 Methodology---------------- -- -- -- - 91 4.4.2 Inventory of Exposure Areas --------- ----------------------------------------------- 92 4.4.3 Impact Analysis ---------------------------------____!_____________________----______________ _ 92 4.4.3.1 Construction Phase - ----------------------- 92 4.4.3.2 Operational Phase -------------------------------------------------------------------- 92 4.4.4 Mitigation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 93 4.4.4.1 Construction Phase ------- - ----- 93 4.4.4.2 Operational Phase---------------------------------------------------------- 93 4.4.5 Residual Impact-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 93 4.4.5.1 Construction Phase ---------------------------------------------------------------- 93 4.4.5.2 Operational Phase - -------------------------------- 93 4.5 Hydrology and Water Quality --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 94 4.5.1 Methodology --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 94 4.5.2 Impact Analysis --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 94 4.5.2.1 Construction Phase -------------------------------------------------------- 94 4.5.2.2 Operational Phase------------------------------------------------------------------- 94 4.5.3 Mitigation---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 95 4.5.3.1 Construction Phase ----------------------------------------------------- 95 4.5.3.2 Operational Phase ------ 95 4.5.4 Residual Impact -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 95 4.5.4.1 Construction Phase ----------------------- --- --- 95 4.5.4.2 Operational Phase --------------------------------- - - - 95 4.6 Terrestrial Environmnent ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -- 95 4.6.1 Methodology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 95 4.6.2 Impact Analysis -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96 4.6.3 Mitigation---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96 4.6.4 Residual Impact--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 96 4.7 Socio-economic Components ---------------------------------------------------------------------- - 97 4.7.1 Methodology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 97 4.7.2 Impact Analysis --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 97 4.7.2.1 Construction Phase ----------------------------------------------------------- 97 4.7.2i2 Operational Phase --- ---------------------------------- 98 4.7.3 Mitigation------------------------------------------------------- - - 99 4.7.3.1 Construction Phase ----------------------------------------------------------- 99 4.7.3.2 Operational Phase ------------------------------------------------------------------- 100 4.8 Impact on Resettlement -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 102 4.9 Alternative Analysis --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 103 5. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT PLAN 104-115 5.1 Management Institutions ----------------------------- ------------------- - 104 5.1.1 Shenyang Urban Construction Leading Group(SUCLG) --------------------------------- 104 5.1.2 Shenyang Urban & Rural Construction Commission(SURCC) ------------------------- 104 5.1.3 Shenyang Urban Construction Bureau(SUCB) - ------------------- 105 5.1.4 Shenyang Subproject Office(SPO) ---------------------------------------------------------- 105 5.1.5 Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau(SEPB) ------------------ - ---- 105 5.1.6 Shenyang Environmental Science Institute, Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center and Shenyang Environmental Inspection Brigade (SESI, SEMC & SEIB) -- 106 5.1.7 Responsibility of Daily Environmental Supervision during Construction and Operation Phase ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 106 5.1.8 Staff ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 107 5.1.9 Technical Training Programs ------------------------------------------------ - 107 5.1.10 Equipment and Instrument --------------------------------------------------------------------- 108 5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 109 5.2.1 Sampling Locations ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 109 5.2.1.1 Construction Phase ------------------------------------------------------------------ 109 5.2.1.2 Operational Phase ------------------------------------------------ 109 5.2.2 Parameters, Frequency and Duration -------------------------------------------------------- 109 5.2.3 Responsibilities for Monitoring and Reporting --- - ------ 114 5.3 Environmental Action Plan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 114 6. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 116-121 6.1 Approach and Methodology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 116 6.2 Surveys, Interviews and Public Meetings ------------------------------------------------------------- 116 6.3 Main Problems in Sensitive Areas and Solutions ----------------------------------------------------- 119 6.3.1 Noise Pollution in Nanwu Road -------------------------------------------------------------- 119 6.3.1.1 Concern -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 119 6.3.1.2 Solution -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 119 6.3.2 Shenyang Vegetable and Fruit Company --------------------------------------------------- 119 6.3.2.1 Concern ----------------------------------------------- 119 6.3.2.2 Solution ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 119 6.3.3 Impacts on Customers Flow of Restaurants and Shops ----------------------------------- 120 6.3.3.1 Concern ------------------- ------------- --------- ----------- -------- 120 6.3.3.2 Solution---- - - ---- 120 6.3.4 Sunshine Obstruction along Proposed Viaduct ----------------------- - - 120 6.3.4.1 Concern ---------------- 120 6.3.4.2 Solution-- --------- 120 6.4 Public Comments on the Construction of the Bus Repair Facility, the Bus Terminal and the Improvement of Secondary Corridors - ------- -------- 120 6.5 Conclusion---------------------------------- - - ----------------------- 121 7. CONCLUSIONS 122-134 7.1 Summary of MajorImpacts --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 122 7.1.1 Air Quality ----------------- 122 7.1.1.1 In4pacts along the Roads ------------------------------------------ - 122 7.1.1.2 Impacts in the City Centre --------------------------------------------------------- 123 7.1.2 Noise------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 125 7.1.2.1 Impacts along the Roads -------------------------------------- 125 7.1.2.2 Impacts in the City Centre - -- ------ --------- 125 7.1.3 Vibration-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 125 7.1.4 Sunshine Obstruction ------------------------------------------------------------------ ---- 125 7.1.5 Terrestrial Environment ---- ---------------- ----- 125 7.1.6 Hydrology and Water Quality ---------------- --------- 125 7.2 Socio-economic Components ------------------------------- -- 125 7.2.1 ImpactsonUrbanTraffic- ---- ------ --- - ------- - 125 7.2.2 Impacts on Community Environment ----------------------------------- 125 7.2.3 Impacts on Economic Development ------------------------------- 126 7.2.4 Impacts on Living Quality of People -- ----------- --------------- 126 7.3 SummaryofMitigationMeasures ---------------------------------------- 126 7.3.1 Design Phase--------------------- ----------- 126 7.3.1.1 Noise ----- ------------------------------- ------------ -- 126 7.3.1.2 Vibration----------- ----------------------------------------------- 127 7.3.1.3 Air Quality -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 127 7.3.1.4 Water Quality --------- 127 7.3.1.5 Vegetation and Landscape --------------- ---- 128 7.3.1.6 People Living Quality ------------------------------------------------------- 128 7.3.2 Construction Phase --- ------------------- 128 7.3.2.1 Noise------------------------------------------------------------------------ 128 7.3.2.2 Vibration---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 129 7.3.2.3 Air Quality ------ ---------------------------------------------------------------- 129 7.3.2.4 Vegetation and Landscape --------------------------------------------- --------- 129 7.3.2.5 Sunshine--------------------------------------------------------------- - ------ 129 7.3.2.6 Water Quality -------------- ---------- 130 7.3.2.7 People Living Quality -------------------------------------------------------------- 130 7.3.3 Operational Phase -------------------------- ------------------------- 130 7.3.3.1 Noise---------------------------- - - _ 130 7.3.3.2 Vibration ------------------------------------------------- ----- ------130 7.3.3.3 Air Quality -------- -- ------------------------------------------------- 131 7.3.3.4 Sunshine ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 132 - 7.3.3.5 Water Quality ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 133 7.4 Resettlement and Rehabilitation ----------- 134 7.5 Public Participation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 134 7.6 General Conclusion---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 134 Lists of Tables Table 1.3.2-1 Ambient Air Quality Standard, GB 3095-1996, the secondary standard applicable -------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------ - 3 Table 1.3.2-2 Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Areas, GB 3096-93 -------------------------- 3 Table 1.3.2-3 Standard for Noise as Boundaries of Construction Sites, GB 12523 ------------------- 4 Table 1.3.2-4 Environmental Vibration Standard for Urban Areas, GB 10070-88 ---------------------- 4 Table 1.3.2-5 Standard for Assessing Sunshine Obstruction (for reference) ---------------------------- 4 Table 2.1.3-1 Comparison between Preferred Option and Alternative for Beiyi Road --------------- 11 Table 2.2-1 Implementation Plan for Actions with Potential Environmental Impact ------------------- 15 Table 2.4.1-1 Motor Vehicle Fleet -------- -- --------- 16 Table 2.4.2-1 Curtent Traffic Volume of Beiyi-Lianhe Road -------------- 18 Table 2.4.2-2 Current Traffic Volume of Pangjiang Street and Jianhshe-Nanwu Road --------------- 18 Table 2.4.2-3 2000, 2010 MV Mixed Volume in Both Direction of Beiyi-Lianhe Road ------------- 19 Table 2.4.2-4 2000, 2010 MV Mixed Volume in Both Direction of Pangjiang Street and Nanwu Road --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Table 2.4.2-5 Peak Hour Traffic Volume in Both Direction in 2010 --------------------------------------- 19 Table 2.4.2-6 2010 Traffic Speed Projection --- -- --------- 20 Table 3.2.1 -1 Main Meteorological Factors in Shenyang Area -------------------------------------- 23 Table 3.2.2-1 Monitoring Results: NOx -------------------------- 28 Table 3.2.2-2 Monitoring Results: CO ------------------------------------- ----------------- 29 Table 3.2.2-3 Monitoring Results: Non-methane HC (NMHC) - -- ----------------- 30 Table 3.2.3-1 Noise Monitoring Results and Traffic Volume ----------------------------------------------- 35 Table 3.2.4-1 Vibration monitoring Results and Traffic Volume ----------------------------------------- 35 Table 3.2.5-1 Sunshine Monitoring Results ------------ 36 Table 3.2.6-1 Geological Structure of major Roads ---- ------------- --- 36 Table 3.3-1 Major Industrial Enterprises along the Proposed Roads -------------------- 37 Table 3.3-2 Major Commercial and Service Industry along the Proposed Roads ------------------ 38 Table 3.3.1-1 Community Functional Classification and Population Distribution ------------------- 39 Table 3.3.1-2 Distribution of Affected Population by the Project ---------------- 40 Table 3.3.2 Land Use of Project Area ----------------- ------------- - 40 Table 4.1 -1 Summary of Assumptions, Modifications and Limitations for Models Utilized -- 42 Table 4.2.1-1 Temperature in Shenyang Area - -------- ------------------------------------- 43 Table 4.2.1-2 The Most Probable Meteorological Condifion --- ----- -------- 44 Table 4.2.1-3 Major Meteorological Parameters during Background Monitoring --------------------- 44 Table 4.2.2-1 Emission Factor for Single Vehicle in 2010 --------------------------------------------------- 45 Table 4.2.2-2 Pollution Emission with the Project in 2010 ----------------------------------------- - -- 46 Table 4.2.3-1 Predicted Peak Hour Maximum NOx ----------------------------------------------------------- 49 Table 4.2.3-2 Predicted Peak Hour Maximum CO ------------------------------------------------------------- 50 Table 4.2.3-3 Predicted Maximum Daily Average of NOx -------------------------------------------------- 52 Table 4.2.3-4 Predicted Maximum Daily Average Concentration of CO ( in winter) -------------------- 53 Table 4.2.3-5 Peak Hour Concentration Prediction for Sensitive Receptors ------------------------------ 55 Table 4.2.3-6 Daily Average Concentration Prediction for Sensitive Receptors -------------------------- 55 Table 4.2.3-7 2010 Pollution Emission Prediction of the Bus Repair Facility ----------------------------- 57 Table 4.2.3-8 201OPollution Emission of the Bus Terminal ------------------------------------------------ 57 Table'4.2.3-9 2010 Peak Hour Concentration With vs Without the Project ----------------------------- 58 Table 4.2.3-10 2010 Daily Average Concentration With vs Without the Project ------------------------- 59 Table 4.2.3-11 2010 Peak Hour Concentration for Sensitive Receptors With vs Without ------------- 60 Table 4.2.3-12 2010 Daily Average Concentration for Sensitive Receptors With vs Without --------- 60 Table 4.2.3-13 2010 Pollution Emission Without the Project ------------------------------------------------ 62 Table 4.2.3-14 Exhaust Emission With vs Without the Project Compared with Total MV Emission in Shenyang----------------------------------------------------------------- 63 Table 4.2.3-15 2010 Maximum Concentration with vs without the Project in Beier Road in Winter---- 64 Table 4.2.5-1 Environmental Benefits of the Mitigation Measures ------------------------------------- 67 Table 4.3.1-1 Modification of Noise Source Height due to High Buildings ---------- 68 Table'4.3.2-1 Construction Equipment Noise Level ---------------------------------- 69 Table 4.3.2-2 Leq Value For Various Types of Vehicles ----------------------------------------------- - - 69 Table 4.3.3-1 Predicted Noise Levels of Construction Machinery ------------------------------------------- 70 Table 4.3.3-2 The Scope of Exceedance over Standard ------ -------------------------------------------- 71 Table 4.3.3-3 Vertical Distribution of Noise Level With the Project --------------------------------------- 74 Table 4.3.3-4 Vertical Distribution of Noise Without the Project ----------------------------------------- 74 Table 4.3.3-5 Prediction of Exceedance over Standard for Road Sections in 2010 ------------------- 76 Table 4.3.3-6 Noise Level Exceeding Standard at Sensitive Receptors along Na*wu Road in 2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 77 Table 4.3.3-7 Noise Level Exceeding Standard at Sensitive Receptors along Surface Road and the Bus Terminal in 2010 ------------------------------------------- 78 Table 4.3.4-1 Noise Predictions and Mitigation Measures for the Sensitive Receptors ------------------ 84 Table 4.3.4-2 Noise Predictions and Mitigation Measures for the Residents of the First Row of the Buildings along the Roads ---------------------------------------------------- - --------------- 85 Table 4.3.5-1 Residual Impact on the Residents of the First Row of the Buildings along Road -------- 89 Table 4.3.5-2 Residual Impact of Sensitive Receptors -------------------------------------- 90 Table 4.3.6-1 Analogical Analysis of Vibration --------------- - --------------------- 91 Table 4.4-1 Predicted Full Window Sunshine Time and Current Sunshine Time for Sensitive Locations of the Viaduct -------------------------------- --------------- 92 Table 4.6.1 Current Vegetation along the Project Sections ------------- ---- ---------------- 96 Table 4.6.4-1 Vegetation Restoration After Project Completion --------------------- ------- 96 Table 4.7.2-1 Distribution of Impacted Residents--------------------- ------ 98 Table 4.8-1 Compensation and Cost Estimate for Resettled Residents ----------------------------- 102 Table 4.8-2 Rehabilitation in Existing Residential Areas -- ---- --------- ---------------------- 102 Table 4.8-3 Rehabilitation for Commercial Establishment ----------- -- ----------------- 103 Table 4.8-4 Rehabilitation for Enterprises ------------------------ ---------------- 103 Table 4-8-5 Rehabilitation for Institutions -- ------------------------------------------- 103 Table 5.1.9-1 Training Program and Cost Estimate --------------------------- 108 Table 5.1.10-1 Monitoring Equipment and Instrument and Cost Estimnate ------------------------- 108 Table 5.2.2-1 Enviromnental Monitoring Plan in Construction Phase -------------------------------- 110 Table 5.2.2-2 Environmental Monitoring Plan in Operation Phase -------------------------------------- 110 Table 5.2.2-3 Special Parameters, Frequency and Duration for the Bus Repair Facility ----1---------- 11 Table 6.2-1 Meetings with Organizations --------------------------------------------------------- 117 Table 6.2-2 Meetings with Residential Representatives --------------------------------------------- 118 Lists of Figures Figure 2.1.1-1 Location of LUTP-Shenyang Subproject----------------------------------------------------------- 8 Figure 2.1.2-1 Shenyang Urban Area Transport Master Plan (1994) -------------------------------------------- 10 Figure 2.1.3-1 The Preferred Option and Alternative of the Proposed Roads ---------------------------------- 13 Figure 2.1.4-1 Locations of Shenyang Quarry, Shenyang Asphalt and Concrete Station --------------------- 14 Figure 2.4.2-1 Growt of Motor Vehicle Fleet----------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 Figure 2.4.2-2 Existin'g Traffic Volume in City Center ------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Figure 2.4.2.-3 Predicted Traffic Volume in City Center in 2010 ------------------------------------------------- 22 Figure 3.1 -I General Location of Shenyang ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 24 Figure 3.1-2 Development Zones in Shenyang Urban Area ---------------------------------------------------- 25 Figure 3.2.2-1 Existing Monitoring Sampling Points Layout ( Air Quality) ---------------------------------- 27 Figure 3.2.2-2 Existing Monitoring Sampling Points Layout (Noise) ----------------------------------------- 33 Figure 3.2.2-3 Existing Monitoring Sampling Points Layoutand ( Vibration and Sunshine ) --------------- 34 Figure 4.2.3-1 Distribution of CO Peak Hour Concentration in Down-wind in Stable Climnate (2010, Gonghe Interchange) --------------------------------------------------- 50 Figure 4.2.3-2 Distribution of CO Peak Hour Concentration in Down-wind in Stable Climate (2010, Fangxing Square) ------------------------------------------------------- 51 Figure 4.2.3-3 Concentration Predictions of Major Pollutants of Air Quality along the Road Section ----- 54 Figure 4.2.3-4 Concentration Predictions of Major Pollutants of Air Quality along the Road Section ----- 56 Figure 4.2.3-5a Pollutant Emission with/without in Peak Hour ----------------------------------------------------- 61 Figure 4.2.3-5b Pollutant Emission with/without in Non-peak Hour ---------------------------------------------- 61 Figure 4.2.3-6 2010 Pollutant Emission (with/without) of MV in Shenyang Urban City -------------------- 63 Figure 4.2.5-1 Exhaust Emission of MVs before and after Mitigation ------------------------------------------ 67 Figure 4.3.3-1 a Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections with Project in Day-time ----- 72 Figure 4.3.3-lb Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections with Project in Night-time --- 72 Figure 4.3.3-2a Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections without Project in Day-time - 73 Figure 4.3.3-2b Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections without Project in Night-time 73 Figure 4.3.3-3 Noise Predictions for the Residents in the First Row of the Buildings of the Road Sections (with/without the Project) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 79 Figure 4.3.3-4 Noise Predictions for the Sensitive Receptors (with/without the Project) -------------------- 80 Figure 4.3.4- la Noise Mitigation for the Residents in the First Row of the Buildings ------------------------- 86 Figure 4.3.4-lb Noise Mitigation for the Sensitive Receptors ----------------------------------------------------- 87 Figure 4.7.3-1 Location of the Proposed Pedestrian Overpass and Zebra Line ------------------------------- 101 Figure 5.2.1-1 Location of Sampling Site for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Construction Phase 110 Figure 5.2.1-2 Location of Sampling Site for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Operational Phase- 111 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Liaoning Urban Transport Project (LUTP) includes Shenyang Subproject, Anshan Subproject and Fushun Subproject. This Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) Report focuses on the Shenyang Subproject of LUTP. It is developed in accordance with World Bank OD 4.01, the review comments of State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) on the EIA outline for LUTP, and the requirement of ELA Guideline of SEPA. Shenyang Subproject includes following components: public transport, traffic management, infrastructure, road maintenance, and technical training and assistance. Each component has specific subcomponents. The subcomponents with potential environmental impact are: construction of a bus repair facility; renovation of Dadongmen Bus Terminal; construction of Beiyi-Lianhe corridor, Gonghe Interchange, Jianshe-Nawu Corridor, Fangxing Square Interchange; widening of Pangjiang Street; construction of Tianguang Road and Shenzhou Road; renovation of South Nanjing Street, Zhulin Road, Heilongjiang Street, and Sanjing Street (Figure 2.1.1-1 in page 8 shows the projects location). The above mentioned subcomponents will change current use of land and introduce potential impact on urban environment, therefore a detailed environmental impact assessment is needed. Shenyang, the capital of Liaoning Province, is the economic center and transportation hub in the North-east area of China. As the reforming and opening developed in Shenyang, the existing transport infrastructure can no longer meet the requirement of the increase of traffic demand. In the view of the whole city, the air pollution is serious and noise level of school, hospital, and residential building is higher than the standard. Based on the monitoring results of existing air quality in the project area, the maximum daily average concentration of NOx is 0.147 mg/ni3 (0.47 times higher than the standard)in non-heating season and 0.692 mg/m3 (5.92 times higher than the standard)in heating season; the maximum daily average concentration of CO is 4.438 mg/mi3 (0.11 times higher than the standard)in non-heating season and 17.03 mg/m3 (3.26 times higher than the standard)in heating season; the maximum daily average concentration of NMHC is 2.288 mg/m3 (1.29 times higher than the standard)in non-heating season and 3.963 mg/m3 (2.96 times higher than the standard)in heating season. The maximum existing noise level is 76.6dB in the day-time (6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) and 73.9dB in the night-time (10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.). The standard-exceedance rate of existing noise level is 40.1% in day- time and 75 % in night-time. When the project is completed, the environmental quality will be improved in the city center due to reduced traffic volume on the other roads and also a higher average speed on these routes, however, the environmental immediately adjacent to the project route will be negatively impacted with respect to air quality and noise. In according to the results of prediction in the project area in 2010, the air quality impact is most serious within 20 m away the redline(redline is the boundary line of the roadway) of I Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Executive Summary the surface road and 30 m away of the elevated road, in which the impact of NOx is more serious and the impact of CO, HC and NO2 are less. For instance, the maximum daily average concentration of NOx will be 0.38 mg/m3 (2.8 times higher than the standard). Concerning the other pollutants, the maximum daily average concentration of CO will be 55 9 mg/m3 (0.4 times higher than the standard); the maximum daily average concentration of HC will be 0.8 mg/r3 ,under the standard. However, from the point of view of total pollution load, the impact of exhaust emission on the other roads in the urban city will be decreased, because more traffic will be attracted to the other road after the completion of the project. Therefore, the project will help slow down the ambient air quality degradation in the city center in the short term. The noise impact willkbe serious in some cases in the project area. The maximum noise prediction in 2010 will be 93.2 dB in day-time and 77.7 dB in night-time. However, the operation of the proposed road will decrease traffic volume of the existing roads in the ciry center, About 20-30% of traffic on these road will be attracted to the newly built roads. It is predicted that the noise level along the road in the city center will be reduced by 1-5 dB. The main objective of EIA is to identify the feasibility of Shenyang Subproject in view of environmental protection. This report will, prior to the project, identify environmental issues and potential environmental impact that the project will have on air, water, noise, vegetation, sunshine and social economy during construction and operation phases, and subsequently, put forward mitigation measures that will minimnize the environmental impact. These measures will be included in the preliminary design of Shenyang Subproject. Sound Absorption Barriers are included in the preliminary design, which can protect some sensitive receptors such as schools and hospitals with high noise levels. Moreover, air conditioners and double glazed windows will be used as noise mitigation measure for the residential buildings with high noise level. During construction phase, the contractors will abide by the noise and vibration mitigation measures presented in the Environmental Action Plan(EAP) to minimize the noise impact, such as using low noise machinery and rationalizing work schedule and siting, etc. Construction dust is the major air pollutant in construction phase. All contractors will follow the dust mitigation mentioned in EAP to reduce air pollution during construction phase. For instance, debris forn building demolition must be moved away in a day and the construction site of viaduct or interchange will be enclosed with magnesite slab or plastic fibre(2-3 m height); vehicles transporting loose materials must be covered with straw mats, etc. However, the implementation of Shenyang Subproject will result in increased traffic and motor vehicle emissions, leading to deterioration of air quality along the project roads. Over the long term, the benefit brought by the project on air quality from a city perspective will be offset by the expanded motor vehicle fleet. Eventually, motor vehicle speeds on a city wide basis will slow down again and air quality in the project cities will worsen. The mitigation of the long term project impacts on air quality and, ultimately, sustained improvement of air quality in the project cities call for a well researched and structured motor vehicle emission control strategy (MVECS). The MVECS is to provide the accurate 2 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Executive Summary assessment of present situation on motor vehicle emissions in the projects cities as well as the trends in the future. Best available motor vehicle emission technologies and successful experience in control motor vehicle emissions at home and from abroad will be evaluated for the potential application in the project cities. On this basis, the MVECS will specify a series of effective, site specific, integrated and goal oriented control, mitigation and remediation measures to tackle the long tern impact of the project on air quality. Major efforts will be required in developing MVECS for each of the three project cities. A technical assistance is therefore needed for necessary and appropriate technical and financial resources. The outline of MIVECS detailed in Annex B. Shenyang Subproject Office and Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau will take the responsibility to handle environmental issues and surpervise the implementation of the mitigation during construction and operation phases. The specific staff of the constructor team and the project office will be in charge of daily environmental issues to minimize public complaints and environmental concerns. In order to implement the environmental mitigation measures, the environmental monitoring and training plan are developed in this ELA. Environmental monitoring is normally undertaken during both construction and operation phases to ensure mitigation measures effectively, to respond to unanticipated environmental concerns at an early stage and to determine the accuracy of impact predictions. Specific monitoring programs are presented as well as responsibilities for the collection and analysis of data and reporting requirements in Chapter 5 in page 107-112. Meanwhile, the training of contractors is critical for the project implementation. Without appropriate environmental awareness and knowledge and skills required for the implementation of the mitigation measures, it would be difficult for contractors to effectively implement the mitigation. On the other hand, it is also important to train the managers of the project construction agencies to fully understand related environmental laws and regulations. The total estimated investment of Shenyang Subproject is 1,310 million Yuan RMB, in which the investment of the project with potential environmental impact is bout 647 million.. The total cost estimate of environment mitigation is 57.70 million, including 35,000 Yuan RMB for training, 81,000 for procurement of environmental monitoring equipment, and 891,300 for environmental monitoring program during construction and operation phases. In summary, Liaoning Urban Transport Project (LUTP)-Shenyang Subproject will assist in providing a solution to traffic congestion in the city center, improve the quality of urban life and stimulate economic development. It also create a nice condition to develop new space for the city, calming the existing traffic and improve ecological environment. The project will result in some degradation of air quality within the immediate vicinity of the alignment (about 150 m) but will make a positive contribution to air quality improvement in the overall urban area, especially in the city center. The noise level will also be increased in some sections of the roads. From the view of pollutant load control in the city, the project has obvious environmental and social benefit. Therefore, the project is feasible environmentally, if the preferTed 3 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Shenyang Subproject Executive Summary option for particular road sections are selected, and if the recommended mnitigation measures are implemented effectively, which these measures will help prevent and minimize potentially adverse impacts. The project also allows for the opportunity to enhance the environment in the city center though longer term solutions such as traffic management, urban planning and implementing the various components of the motor vehicle pollution control proposals in the near future. 4 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 1. INTRODUCTION This document is the Environmental Impact Assessment (ELA) of Liaoning Urban Transport Project (LUTP) - Shenyang Subproject. An EA report (Chinese version) which is consistent with this document has been approved by State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA). The EA report in Chinese version was prepared based on the technical criteria and related format issued by SEPA, and this EIA follows World Bank requirement and format. The content of this EIA is consistent with that of the report in Chinese version. The document is prepared in accordance with The World Bank Operation Manual-Operation Directive 4.01 and the Terms of Reference (TOR) ofLUTP. Over recent years,..yAvith rapid development of national economy, road network in Shenyang can no longer meet the ever-increasing traffic demand. To improve the traffic system of city center, promote the development of urban economy and increase people living standard, Shenyang Municipal Government decided to implement an urban traffic improvement project (LUTP-Shenyang Subproject), which mainly includes construction and renewal of Beiyi- Lianhe Corridor, Pangjiang Street and Jianshe-Nanwu Corridor, Tianguang Street, Shenzhou Road, Zhulin Road, Sanjing Street, Nanjingnan Street, Helongjiang Street; construction of a Bus Repair Facility, Bus Terminal in Dadongmen. The proposed project is to be partially financed by the World Bank. 1.1 Objectives The main objective of this EIA is to ensure that the Subproject is environmentally friendly. The EIA will identify the environmental consequences at an early stage of the Subproject, and propose measures to minimize the impact on environment (air quality, noise, water, vegetation and sunshine, etc.) during both the construction and operation phases of the Subproject. The mitigation will be included in the preliminary design of the Subproject. The environmental strategy and performance indicators are as follows: Strategy 1: Establish an Environmental Action Plan and implement monitoring plan Indicator: Annual monitoring results for air quality and noise Strategy 2: Develop and implement a long-term motor vehicle emission control strategy to mitigate impacts on air quality Indicators: Development, implementation and monitoring of a motor vehicle emission control strategy, including an Inspection/Maintenance Program 1.2 Basis for the EIA The EIA report was prepared based on the TOR approved by SEPA, as well as guidelines prepared by the World Bank and relevant Chinese organizations including the following: * Review Comments on Appraisal of the Terms of Reference for Environmental Impact Assessment on World Bank Financed-Liaoning Urban Transport Project, SEPA, EMC No. [1996] 287 (Nov. 26 1996) * Operation Directive 4.01: Environment Assessment, The World Bank 1 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment * Appraisal of the Terms of Reference for Environmental Impact Assessment on World Bank Financed Liaoning Urban Transport Project, SEPA Evaluation Center, No. [1996] 139 (Nov. 8 1996) * Terms of Reference for Environmental Impact Assessment on World Bank Financed- Liaoning Urban Transport Project, Liaoning Provincial Environmental Protection Science Institute (Nov. 1996) * Notice on Strengthening Management on Environmental Assessment for Construction Projects Loaned by International Financial Organisations, SEPA, SPC, Ministry of Finance and Peoples Bank of China, EM No. [1993] 324 * Commission Letter for Consultant Service of Environmental Impact Assessment, Liaoning Urban Construction-and Renewal Project Office (Oct. 1996) * Project Proposal of World Bank Financed Liaoning Urban Transport Project, Shenyang Urban Construction Project Office (Aug. 1996) * The Feasibility Study Report of World Bank Financed Liaoning Urban Transport Project, Shenyang Component, Shenyang Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Sept. 1997) * Traffic Planning in Shenyang, Shenyang Municipal Planning Design Institute (May 1996) * Environmental Impact Assessment Specification for Highway Construction of Sector Standard, JTJ 005-96, Transport Ministry of P.R. China (July 8 1996) 1.3 Scope and Applicable Standards 1.3.1 Scope of EIA As indicated in TOR, and using the results of related international environmental impact assessments of urban roads, the zones of influence are as follows: * The influence of exhaust emissions: within 500 m of both sides of the roadway (TOR) * The influence of traffic noise: witiin 100 m laterally of both sides of the roadway and 50 m vertically (TOR) * The influence of vibration: within 50 m of both sides of the roadway (TOR) * The influence of sunshine obstruction: ambient areas of proposed viaduct, interchange and overpass (TOR) * The influence of water body: water body proposed to be impacted by water discharge in construction period (TOR) * The influence of soil and vegetation: within 100 m of both sides of the roadway (TOR) * Socio-economic impact: within 300 m of both sides of the roadway (TOR) 1.3.2 Applicable Standards Relevant environmental laws and regulations are following: * China Environmental Protection Act, approved by the 11th Session of the 7th National People's Congress in Dec. 26 1989, valid since Dec. 26 1989 * China Air Quality Pollution Prevention Act, approved by the 22nd Session of the 6th National People's Congress in Sept. 5 1987, valid since June 1 1988 * Implementation Procedures of China Air Pollution Prevention Regulation, approved by the National Council in May 8 1991, valid since July 1 1991 2 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment . China Water Pollution Prevention Act, approved by the 5th Session of the 6h National People's Congress in May 11 1984, valid since Nov. 1 1984 . Implementation Procedures of China Water Pollution Prevention Regulation, approved by the National Council in July 12 1989, valid since Sept. 1 1989 * China Environmental Noise Pollution Prevention Regulation, approved by the National Council in Sept. 1 1989, valid since Dec. 1 1989 * Shenyang Capital Construction Project Pollution Control Regulation * Liaoning Air Pollution Control Regulation, approved by the 3l't Session of the 7th Provincial People's Congress in Nov. 28 1992, valid since Dec. 1 1992 . Liaoning Noise Pollution Control Regulation, approved by the 315' Session of the 7th Provincial People's Congress in Nov. 28 1992, valid since Dec. 1 1992 * Shenyang Water Pollution Prevention Regulation, approved by the 32nd Session of the 10tO Municipal People's Congress in Oct. 8 1992 * Liaoning Environmental Protection Regulation, approved by the 4th Session of the 8th Provincial People's Congress in Sept. 27 1993 More specific standards for discharge and ambient environment are shown in Table 1.3.2-1, Table 1.3.2-2, Table 1.3.2-3, Table 1.3.2-4 and Table 1.3.2-5. Air Quality Table 1.3.2-1 Ambient Air Quality Standard, GB 3095-1996, the secondary standard a plicable (mg/M3) __ |POLLUTANT VALUE STANDARD 1 TSP Daily average 0.30 GB3095-96 2 SO2 Daily average 0.15 GB3095-96 Hourly average 0.50 3 NOx Daily average 0.10 GB3095-96 Hourly average 0.15 NO2 Daily average 0.12 GB3095-96 ____ ________Hourly average 0.08 4 CO Daily average 4.00 GB3095-96 Hourly average 10.00 5 Pb Seasonal average 1.50x10-3 GB3095-96 6 B(a)P Daily average 0.01x10-3 GB3095-96 7* NMHC Daily average 1.00 DB21-60-89 ____ ____________ Hourly average 3.00 *: The standardfor NMHC, DB21-60-89, is Liaoning Provincial Waste Water Discharge Standard Noise Table 1.3.2-2 Environmental Noise Standard for Urban Areas, GB 3096-93 (Leg, dB(A)) CATEGORY APPLICABLE AREAS DAY NIGHT 0 Villas, hotels 50 40 I________Residential, educational, cultural, governmental offices 55 45 2 Residential, commercial and industrial 60 50 3 Industrial 65 55 4 Trunk roadsides 70 55 3 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 1.3.2-3 Standard for Noise as Boundaries of Construction Sites, GB 12523-90 (Leg, dB(A)) ACTIVITY NOISE SOURCE NOISE LIMITATION DAY NIGHT Earthwork Bulldozer, excavator, loader 75 55 Pile pile Driving machinery 85 no operation Structure Concrete m-xer, vibration machinery, electric jigsaw 70 55 Furnishing Crane, elevator 65 55 Vibration Table 1.3.24 Environmental Vibration Standard for Urban Areas, * GB 10070-88 (dB) APPLICABLE ZONE DAY NIGHT Special residential areas 65 65 Residential, educational and cultural areas 70 67 Mixes, commercial area 75 72 Industrial area 75 72 Trunk roadsides 75 72 Railway roadsides 80 80 Sunshine Table 1.3.2-5 Standard for Assessing Sunshine Obstruction (for reference) LEVEL APPLICATIONS STANDARD Class 1 Nursery, day care center, sanitariun, greenhouse 5-6hr Class 2 Teaching building, office, public building, general workshop 3-4hr Class 3 Residential building, office, public building, recreational uiit of processing plant 1-2hr 1-.3.3 Level of the EIA Based on World Bank OD 4.01 and relevant national documentation issued by SEPA, the ELA of the Subproject is belong to A category. 4 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING ANALYSIS 2.1 General 2.1.1 Project Description The Subproject consists of five components of road infrastructure, traffic management, public transport, road maintenance and technical assistance & training. The project description is divided in tow components according to the extent of the potential environmental impact. Components with Potential Environmental Impact (Figure 2.1.1-1) 1) Bus Repair Facility A new Bus Repair Facility is to be built in Xiaohantun, which is located in the north-western suburb of the city. This facility will annually undertake major repair for 500 vehicles (400 buses and 100 mini buses) and medium repair for 500 vehicles (400 buses and 100 mini buses). 64 buses (32 for major repair and 32 for medium repair) and 14 mini buses (8 for major repair and 6 for medium repair) can be under repair at the same time. There will be 1,010 employees in the facility. 2) Bus Terminal of Dadongmen The proposed Dadongmen Bus Terminal will take the advantage of the existing public transport parking lot in the open air and upgrade it into a bus terminal combined with social vehicle parking lot, a structure of one storey on the ground and one storey underground. The storey on the ground can manage 34 buses or trolley buses and the storey underground 108 automobiles. 3) Jianshe-Nanwu Corridor It is proposed to build a new viaduct from Yunfeng Street to Fangxing Square to cross over Shenda Railway and the existing intersections on Nanwu Road. The deck is 18 m width with 2 Motor Vehicle(MV) traffic lanes in each direction. Under the viaduct (the clearance 8.2m), the surface road will be 40 m wide with 2 MV traffic lanes in each direction and with MV and Non Motor Vehicle(NMV) separation (the cross sections of the roads are shown in Annex C). The total length of the corridor is 3.8 km and the adjacent areas mixed with residential, cultural and educational areas. Fangxing Square Interchange is proposed to be a structure of combination of roundabout at grade with directional ramps. The ramps will undertake the main MV traffic flow from Nanwu Road, Wenhua Road, Guangrong Street and Ningbo Road. The minor MV traffic, NMV traffic and buses will take the roundabout at grade. 4) Beiyi-Lianhe Corridor Beiyi-Lianhe Coiridor consists of Beiyi Road, Gonghe Bridge, Gonghe Interchange and 5 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Lianhe Road. The total length is 10.6 km. The segment of Beiyi Road starts in the west from Baogong Street, the west section of the First Ring Road, follows eastwards the existing boundary between Tiexi industrial and residential area and ends at the Gonghe Bridge. The length of this segment is 3.1 kin, with 40m width of redline (redline is the boundary line of road way) of 3 MV lanes in each direction. The span of the main Gonghe bridge is 280 m long and 25m wide. Approaching and existing traffic of Beiyi Road will take this bridge to cross an area with several railway lines and store- houses. Gonghe Bridge will be for NMV only and its east approach will connect with the Gonghe Interchange. A The proposed Gonghe Interchange is a three-layer partial-directional interchange(not all left- turn and right-turn are allowed) with MV and NMV separation. The interchange will undertake the main traffic flow and provide ramp connections to Shengli Street, Shifu Street, the proposed Beiyi Road and Lianhe Road. The proposed Lianhe Road goes from the proposed Gonghe Interchange in the west, traversing the residential, cultural and commercial area in the city center, and ends at Beihai Street, the east section of the First Ring Road. This segment, with total length of 6.8 km and 60 m width of redline (48 m width somewhere), will have 3 MV lanes in each direction with MV and NMV separation. 5) Pangjiang Street Improvement Panjiang Street is the east section of the First Ring Road. This segment starts from Binhe Road in the south and ends at Shenhai Interchange in the north. This segment, with 2.1 km length and 46 m width of redline (42 m width somewhere), will have 3 MV traffic lanes in each direction with MV and NMV separation. Factories and residential buildings are in close vicinity to the road. 6) Zhulin Corridor Improvement Zhulin Road is the east exit section on the east-west arterial road traversing the city center. This segment starts from Jinqiao Road in the west and ends in the east at Shenhai Interchange, located on the east section of the First Ring Road. This segment is 1,06 krn in length, 40 m width of redline and will accommodate 4 MV traffic lanes with MV and NMV separation. 7) Nanjingnan Corridor Improvement Nanjingnan Street is the south exit section on the north-south arterial road of the city center. This segment starts from Nanba Road in the north and ends at the Second Ring Road in the south. It is 1.77 km in length and 40 m wide of the redline, providing 4 MV traffic lanes and MV and NMV separation. 6 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 8) Sanjing Street Improvement Sanjing Street, located in the city center, starts from Zhongshan Road in the north and ends at Binhe Road in the south, with total length of 2.5 km and 30 m wide of redline. 9) Heilongjiang Street Improvement Heilongjiang Street starts from Chongshan Road, the north section of the First Ring Road and terminates at Kunshan Road in the south. Its south approach faces the north gate of the Shenyang North Railway Station. The total length is 1.3 km and the redline with 30 m. 10) Shenzhou Road Missing Link Connection Shenzhou Road Missing Link Connection will provide a direct connection between Shiyiwei Road and Nanshuncheng Street. The total length is 1.0 km and 40 m of redline width. 11) Tianguang Road Missing Link Connection Tianguang Street Missing Link Connection will connect the newly constructed Shenzhou road in the north and Fengyutan Street in the south with total length of 1.4 km and the redline width of 30 m. Components with Minor or Non Environmental Impact These components include the proposed new or adjusting bus route; bus/MV/NMV only road; one-way street; intersection channelization; railway at-grade crossing improvement; road maintenance; equipment procurement for bus checking and repair, road maintenance, traffic management; and technical assistance & training. 7 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Llav II .p..... Figure 2.1.1-1 Location of LUTP-Shenyang Subproject s1E A~~~~~~ 2 ~i I-fn~~ JL~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 2.1.2 Role in Transport Planning In the study on Shenyang Urban Transport Planning, the Municipality is forming a road network with three-ring and fourteen-line. The Second and Third Ring Roads have already been constructed in the suburbs and surrounding areas, which can effectively meet the traffic -demand in suburbs and through traffic demand. However, the traffic volume in city center within the First Ring Road required major improvements. The city center is mixed with commercial, residential, educational and cultural, and industrial zones, with high density of population, narrow roads, heavy traffic and frequent congestion. Figure 2.1.2-1 shows the traffic planning for urban road in Shenyang. The Subproject, identified according to the justification of road network by Shenyang Municipal Construction Commission and Shenyang Municipal Planning Design Institute, will focus on improving structure of existing road network and developing public transportation. The specific functions of the major actions are as follows: . Bus Repair Facility and Bus Terminal in Dadongmen: improve the overall maintenance performance of buses, increase the availability rate of the fleet, reduce failures in service, and improve the comfort and safety of the vehicles; * Beiyi-Lianhe Corridor: lead smooth traffic in east-west in the city center and permit existing parallel Shifu Road to play a distribution function; * Jianshe-Nanwu Corridor: alleviate the traffic congestion caused by the railway grade crossing in east-west in the south area of the city; * Pangjiang Street Improvement: connect the missing link and improve traffic capacity the First Ring Road; * Road widening and missing link connection: provide better road condition. 9 C3 '*1 111 to to to -I Cs / , Xf < - b ~~~~~~~~~~Proposed Road of Shenyang Subproject - >\:>'- -,< ~~~~~~~~~Intercity Highways ,,) \\ r/l>Jv X - - ~~Primary Roads (Expressway) / },>Xt/0Xif \ ~~~~~~econdary Roads X I , 1 1 \ ~~~~~~~~~~Tertiary Roads _%MAJ ~~~~~~~~~~....3 13..X I - R.ailway Lines I \ ; .-W \ ~~~~Rivers Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 2.1.3 Preferred Option and Alternatives The Feasibility Study of LUTP-Shenyang Subproject, prepared by Shenyang Municipal Engineering Design Institute, provided the screening and analysis of the Subproject engineering. An environmental evaluation of preferred option and alternative for Beiyi Road is made for an example to show the advantage and disadvantage. The preferred option of Beiyi Road is at grade, and the alternative is elevated. Figure 2.1.3-1 shows the option and the alternative. The preferred option and the alternative are summarized in Table 2.1.3-1. Table 2.1.3-i Comparison between Preferred Op ion and Alternative, for Beiyi Road ITEM PREFERRED OPTION ALTERNATIVE engineering Beiyi Road: at grade; Beiyi Road: elevated; Lianhe Road: at grade; Lianhe Road: at grade; Baogong Street-Xinggong Street: at grade, Baogong Street-Xinggong Street: elevated, 18m 40m of 6-lane; of 4-lane with surface road of 40m of 6-lane; Xinggong Street-Gonghe Bridge: elevated, Xinggong Street-Gonghe Bridge: elevated, 25 m 25 m of 6-lane. of 6-lane with surface road of 18m. cost estimate 251 million Yuan RMB (including Lianhe Road) 297 million Yuan RUB (including Lianhe Road) resettlement impacted area(m2): impacted area(m2): (including Lianhe 47,520 188,300 Road) impacted population: impacted population: 7,360 15,064 compensation cost(l,OOOYuan RMB): compensation cost(l,OOOYuan RMB): 114,958 282,450 environmental less air-bome dust; more air-bome dust; impact on less impact on traffic safety; more impact on traffic safety; surrounding area less impact area (40-50m) with high noise more impact area (50-r0m) with high noise level during construction level (75-90 dB); (85-90 dB); period less land occupancy for construction and less more land occupancy for construction and more impact for person trips. impact for person trips. Environumental no impact of sunshine obstruction; the sunshine level in the house located in the impact during less impact of noise(Beiyi Road): 75.1-83.8 north of the viaduct will reduce from class I to operation period dB (day-time), 64.8-73.2 dB (night-time); class 3; less impact of air quality: NOx more impact of noise(Beiyi Road): 76.6-85.7 dB , concentration- 0.80 mg/m3 (peak hour in the (day-time), 65.9-75.1 dB (night-time); winter), NOx emission occupancy-4.44% (of more impact of air quality: NOx concentration- the whole city); 0.61 mg/m3 (peak hour in the winter), NOx more contribution to improve the air quality emission occupancy-4.63% (of the whole city); in urban area; Note: day-time is 6:00 a.m. to 10:00p.m.; night-time is 10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. 2.1.4 Major Source of Raw Materials The main raw materials of the Subproject is gravel, asphalt and concrete. Shenyang Quarry is located in Donglin District. The gravel comes from the river course of Shenyang Section of Hunhe River. Shenyang Asphalt Plant is in Dadong District. All asphalt used in central area of the city will be transported from the plant. 11 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Concrete Mixing Station is located in Tiexi District. It is responsible for concrete mixing for the construction of the Subproject. The specific locations of Shenyang Quarry, Shenyang Asphalt Plant and Concrete Mixing Station are shown in Figure 2.1.4-1. 12 Liaoning Urban lransport Project-Subproject Luviroamental impact Assessment Figure 2.1.3-1 The Preferred Option and Alternative of the Proposed Roads C~ UV 13 fl~: x I Ing. 10111 - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I enyangAsphait1A~~~~~~~~~' .4,, 0 ~~~(I -I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C 1; I jI~ rAIj(~' A, I / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~LEGEND *Mixing Stastion /1 ~ ~ ~ ~ sae1: 154000 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 2.2 Schedule A five-year implementation period (1998-2002) is planned of the Subproject. Table 2.2-1 presents the implementation plan for the project components with potential environmental impacts. Table 2.2-1 Implementation Plan for the Components with Potential Environmental Impact YEAR OF COMPONENT COST ESTIMATE OF IMPLEMENTATION ENGINEERING (1,000 Yuan RMB) 1998 Zhulin Road, Shenzhou Road, Helingjiang Street 26,130 1999 . Sanjing Street, Tianguang Road, Pangiang Street, 63,070 Lianhe Road, Nanjingnan Street tBus Repair Facility 59,473 2000 Beiyi Road, Gonghe Interchange 224,980 Bus Terminal in Dadongmen 14,056 2001 Jianshe-Nanwu Road 259,620 Total 647,329.0 2.3 Cost Estimates for Project Construction and Mitigation The total estimated investment of the subproject is 1,310 million Yuan RMB, in which the investment of the project with potential environmental impact is 647 million. The EA estimated cost is 57.7 million Yuan RMB- for environmental mitigation. 2.4 Population and Motor Vehicle Fleet 2.4.1 Current Population and Expected Growth 2.4.1 .1 Current Population The built-up area of urban city is 186 km2. 3,300,000 permanent residents and 500,000- 700,000 floating population live in this area. The current population density is 32,300 persons/km2. There are 1,980,000 within the First Ring Road. 2.4.1.2 Expected Growth Based on the character and principle of population development in Shenyang, population expected growth is made by Shenyang Planning Design Institute. Thle population of central urban area in 2010 is expected to be 3,923,000, in which 2,200,000- 2,300,000 live in the First Ring Road. The above data is presented in The Specific Illustration of Shenyang Urban Master Plan provided by Shenyang Planning Design Institute, October, 1994. 15 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 2.4.2 Current TrafFic and Forecast 2.4.2.1 Current Traffic Data on current population and composition of the motor vehicle fleet were come from Trafic Management Report, 1996, 9 prepared by Shenyang Urban Construction Project Office. Table 2.4.1-1 shows the motor vehicle fleet in the last decade. Table 2.4.1-1 Motor Vehicle Fleet Year HDV LDV Tractor Trolley Motorcycle Trailer Total 1986 27,899 20,364 1,530 514 18,635 212 69,154 1987 29,836 - 24,332 1,547 550 23,441 248 79,954 1988 34,388 *. 32,443 4,361 568 48,919 2,615 123,294 1989 35,527 36,635 4,402 610 54,990 2,638 134,802 1990 33,886 39,570 4,669 636 56,675 1,906 137,342 1991 36,339 48,006 4,471 649 75,687 2,689 167,841 1992 38,457 57,103 7,670 719 91,591 2,785 198,325 1993 40,432 69,900 11,927 719 112,121 2,875 237,974 1994 42,120 82,727 13,453 719 129,581 2,938 271,538 1995 42,979 91,808 14,405 719 138,317 2,968 291,196 1996 43,726 101,937 17,388 719 148,884 2,957 315,611 Note: HDV - Heavy Duty Vehicle; LDV - Light Duty Vehicle According to the characteristic of fleet growth in Shenyang, the average growth rate for motor vehicle fleet in the last five years is 6.2 %. Thus, 6% of fleet growth rate is used in the forecast. Figure 2.4.2-1 shows the growth for different types of vehicle. 1 6 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 2.4.2-1 Growth of Motor Vehicle Fleet ___ ____ _ ___ .-1-' I \ | L t0' '_ i _ I I _ _ _,. . C') I-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 I_' , ) C) CD C\ CD' i::'' ; :: _CD CD CD (D C) ; .. .....tEs ______ __ _ _ \_ ' _ 0'01 '>E~ L. 0' . X I , 2.- o ° \. I-t^ + t + 0 + +- 0i I ~~ 0 00 00 E . I I I X F~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C ! l -i -r t f tl >~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 I I I I I I I ,\~~~~ o oJ tE 0 0 0 \0 0 0 17 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment The research conducted by the Shenyang Municipal Engineering Design Institute indicated that the existing trunks undertake 62.9% traffic volume of the whole city, however, the length of these trunks is just 22.8% of the total length of road network. The average speed on these trunks is only 21.4 km/hr. Because of the heavy traffic volume (Table 2.4.2-1 and Table 2.4.2-2) on existing Beiyi Road, Pangjiang Street and Jianshe-Nanwu Road, the saturation and congestion resulted in slow traffic. a) CurTent traffic of Beiyi-Lianhe Road Table 2.4.2-1 Current Traffic Volume of Beiyi-Lianhe Road \ Road Baogong Jingxing Fushun Nanjing Beijing Xiaobeiguan Str. - Str. - Rd. - Str. - Str. - Str. - Jingxing Xinghua Nanjing Beijing Xiaobeiguan Beihai Volume \ Str. Str. Str. Str. Str. Str. (I - 1) (1 - 1) (1 - 2) (I - 2) (1 - 2) (1 - 3) Peak hour W 421 250 1532 1250 1772 1424 volume NMV 7126 6024 6522 4502 5009 5484 Daily M 5465 3245 22520 18981 19455 15442 volume 24879 27120 36221 28508 17488 19146 Section length (kin) 0.800 0.472 1.690 0.805 2.078 2.452 Daily load of MV 4368 1532 38059 22950 36340 46946 (vehicle.km) V/C 0.46 0.28 1.28 1.04 1.48 1.19. Number of Lane 2 2 2 6 6 4 b) Current traffic of Jianshe-Nanwu Road and Pangjiang Street Table 2.4.2-2 Current Traffic Volume of Pangiang Street and Jianshe-Nanwu Road Road Pangiani Street Nanwu Road Jianshe Road Section Zhulin Dadong Guangrong Heping Nanjing Shengli Xinggong Xinghua Rd.- Rd.- Str.- Str.- Str.- Str.- Str.- Str.- Dadong Xiaoheyan Heping Nanjing Shengli Xinggong Xinghua Baogong Rd. Rd Str. Str. Str. Str. St. Str. Peak hour 1690 2576 2165 1862. 2284 2284 2397 2379 volume Daily 25272 27531 30238 32362 34504 34504 38135 30868 volume I_I Daily load of 37908 25741 31508 18155 30122 24049 43893 42999 MV (vehicle.han) Section Length 1.500 0.935 1.042 0.561 0.873 0.697 1.151 1.393 (km)I Number of lane 6 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2.4.2.2Traffic Forecast A traffic forecast was conducted by Shenyang Planning Design Institute. It is predicted that there will respectively be 172,000, 354,000 and 666,000 vehicles in the central area by the year 2000, 2010 and 2020. Figure 2.4.2-2 and Figure 2.4.2-3 show the existing traffic volume and the predicted volume in 2010 respectively in the city center. The traffic volume prediction for the proposed actions with heavy traffic is presented in Table 2.4.2-3 and Table 2.4.2-4. 18 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment a) Traffic forecast for Beiyi-Lianhe Road Table 2.4.2-3 2000,201 0 MV Mixed Volume in Both Direction o Beiyi-Lianhe Road Road Baogong Jingxing Fushun Nanjing Beijing Xiaobeiguan Str. - Str. - Rd. - Str. - Str. - Str. - Beihai Jingxing Xinghua Nanjing Beijing Xiaobeiguan Str. . Volume \ Str. Str. Str. Str. Str. \________ _ (I - 1) (1 - 1) (1 - 2) (1 - 2) JI - 2) (1 - 3) 2000 21105 20226 25376 45428 67420 41193 2010 35304 29555 57670 94883 99419 48577 b) Traffic forecast for Jianshe-Nanwu Road and Pangjiang Street Table 2.4.24 2000,2010 MV Mixed Volume in Both Direction of Pan iang Street and Jianshe-Nan Road Road Pangjiang Street Nanwu Road Jianshe Road Section Zhulin Dadong Guangrong Heping Nanjing Shengli Xinggong Xinghua Rd.- Rd.- St.- Su.- St.- Str.- Si.- St.- Dadong Xiaoheyan Heping Nanjing Shengli Xinggong Xinghua Baogong Volume Rd. Rd Str. Str. Str. St. St. St. 2000 41136 44278 35415 32056 33065 50798 32693 31728 2010 55463 48350 97281 93158 90781 94692 84878 62703 Based on these above two table of MV mixed volume and related basis and methodology of traffic forecast, a detailed traffic volume in peak hour and traffic speed are predicted (Table 2.4.2-5 and Table 2.4.2-6). Table 2.4.2-5 Peak Hour Traffic Volume Prediction in Both Directions in 2010 vehicle/hr) ROAD SECTION LDV MDV HDV Beiyi Baogong Str.- Xinghua Str. (at grade) 3074-3205 628-655 576-600 Rd. Xinghua Str. - Xinggong Str. (at grade) 4663 953 874 Lianhe Shengli Str. - Huigong Square (at grade) 2557-5993 523-1224 479-1122 Rd. Huigong Square - Beihai Str, (at grade) 4744-2761 970-564 889-518 Jianshe- Yunfeng Str. Shengli Str. (at grade) 5926-4133 1210-845 1110-775 Nanwu Shengli Str. - Heping Str. (at grade) 2932-2688 599-549 550-503 Rd. Heping Str. - Fangxing Square (at grade) 2618-2500 534-510 490-469 Fangxing Square - Zhonggong Str. (elevated) 4110-2894 840-591 0 Pangjiang Binhe Rd. - Dadong Rd. (at grade) 4837-4242 988-867 906-795 Str. Dadong Rd. - Shenhai Interchange (at grade) 4471-3481 914-711 837-652 Sanjing Zhongshan Rd. - Jiuwei Rd. 955 195 179 Str. Jiuwei Rd. - Shiyiwei Rd. 955 195 179 Shiyiwei Rd. - Shisanwei Rd. 1053 215 197 Shisanwei Rd. - Binhe Rd. 467 95 88 Shenzhou Rd. Xishuncheng Rd. - Daxi Rd. 1446 295 271 Tianguang Shenzhou Rd. - Shisanwei Rd. 1516 310 284 Stri Shisanwei Rd. - Shuntong Rd. 1600 327 300 Zhulin Jinqiao Rd. - Biancheng Rd. 3455 706 647 Rd. Biancheng Rd. - Shenhai Interchange 3587 733 672 Nanjinnan Nanba Rd. - Shayang Rd. 3730 762 699 Str. Shayang Rd. - Dadi Rd. 6496 1327 1217 Helongjiang Chongshan Rd. - Ningshan Rd. 254 52 48 Str. Ningshan Rd. - Qishan Rd. 755 154 141 Qishan Rd. - Qunshan Rd. 336 69 63 Note: LDV-Light Duty Vehicle, MDT'-Afiddle Duty Vehicle, HDV-Heavy Dutly Vehicle 19 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 2.4.2-6 Traffic Speed Prediction in 2010 (kmlhr) ROAD SECTION LDV MDV HDV Beiyi Baogong Str.- Xinghua Str. (at grade) 36.3-36.6 25.5-25.7 20.4-20.5 Rd. Xinghua Str. - Xinggong Str. (at grade) 34.2 23.9 19.1 Lianhe Shengli Str. - Huigong Square (at grade) 37.7-33.0 26.5-22.8 21.2-18.2 Rd. Huigong Square - Beihai Str, (at grade) 34.2-37.2 23.8-26.1 19.0-20.9 Jianshe- Yunfeng Str. - Shengli Str. (at grade) 33.2-35.0 22.9-24.4 18.3-19.5 Nanwu Shengli Str. - Heping Str. (at grade) 36.9-37.5 25.9-26.3 21.2-21.0 Rd. Heping Str. - Fangxing Square (at grade) 37.5-37.9 26.4-26.7 21.1-21.3 Fangxing Square - Zhonggong Str. (elevated) 58.0-61.3 49.5-52.5 0 Pangjiang Binhe Rd. - Dadong Rd. (at grade) 34.1-34.7 23.7-24.3 18.9-19.4 Str. Dadong Rd. - Shenhai Interchange (at grade) 34.5-35.9 24.0-25.1 19.2-20.1 Sanjing Zhongsha' Rd. - Jiuwei Rd. 39.5 27.8 22.3 Str. Jiuwei Rd- Shiyiwei Rd. 39.5 27.8 22.3 Shiyiwei Rd. - Shisanwei Rd. 38.9 27.4 21.9 Shisanwei Rd. - Binhe Rd. 44.3 31.6 25.4 Shenzhou Rd. Xishuncheng Rd. - Daxi Rd. 36.9 25.9 20.7 Tianguang Shenzhou Rd. - Shisanwei Rd. 36.7 25.7 20.5 Str. Shisanwei Rd. - Shuntong Rd. 36.3 25.4 20.4 Zhulin Jinqiao Rd. - Biancheng Rd. 33.3 22.2 17.8 Rd. Biancheng Rd. - Shenhai Interchange 33.3 22.1 17.7 Nanjinnan Nanba Rd. - Shayang Rd. 33.3 21.9 17.6 Str. Shayang Rd. - Dadi Rd. 36.1 19.9 15.9 Helongjiang Chongshan Rd. - Ningshan Rd. 48.8 35.1 28.1 Str. Ningshan Rd. - Qishan Rd. 41.0 29.0 23.2 Qishan Rd. - Qunshan Rd. 46.7 33.4 26.7 20 AUTO VOLUMES LINKS: typ-9~~~~~~~~~~- \ | \ ff \ 23464/ 2068~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 Cl ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- . 0 n_ EMME/2 PROposEdCTeiyiRP n T r Cs . _ - S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~CTP36... ,; SCALE: 2000 10000. Prolposed ianshe-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~: 15000 ~ - -~ Nanwu Viaduct pmommmot~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~* ś 23464/ 20681 4S990/ 37568 f EMME2 PRJECT Shenyang Transportation PLon 196-03-16 13:04 SCENnRIO 9027: Shenyang Existing Vehicle nauignmemtIMDL 61 AUTO VOLUMES LINKS: type"S 1-I Proposed Beiiase R 00 9oa a 61 monq 0.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" -i A.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Aw % 1. ?, w - _ \~~~~~~ V Id NDOW ; } 15377/151~~~~~~~~~~~~~~000.3 EMME2 PRJECT ShProp2000roo Jianshe 98-0711600 SOENHRIO 9061:Vcopy ifrom a9061dforu 2010ctooignrnont MODULE 6.12 SYCTPR .,,,,,, C 100000~ SCALED650 RM 200715008 SYCT~~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 3. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Location Shenyang, capital city of Liaoning, is located in the middle of the province. It is the political, economic, cultural and scientific center and traffic hub in the province. The geographical position of Shenyang is located between 41°11'51" N - 43°02'13" N (ca.205 km) and 120025'09" E - 123048'24" E (ca. 115 km). The specific location Shenyang is shown in Figure 3.1-1. The existing development zones I urban area is shown in Figure 3.1.2. 3.2 Biophysical Environment 3.2.1 Meteorology and Climate Located on the north edge of temperate zone, Shenyang is under a humid/semi-humid continental climate, lead by monsoon. The annual average temperature is 7.90C, with the maximum high of 39.30C and the minimum low of -330C. About 70-80% of annual precipitation happens during June and September, and annual evaporation is 1405 mm-1765 mm. The average frostless season is 159 days. There is plenty of sunshine in Shenyang area. The annual average of sunshine period is 2,596.3 hours, i.e. 7.2 hours per day (longest daily sunshine of 8.6 hours in May and shortest of 5.0 hours in December). The maximum snow deposit is 28 cm in winter, and the maximum depth of frozen soil is 1.2 m. The most prevailing wind direction is South (South/Southwest), with a frequency of 23%. During winter time, the prevailing direction is N, and S in summer. The annual average wind speed is 3.9 rn/s, with the maximum speed of 5.1 m/s in April. The main meteorological factors are listed in Table 3.2.1-1. Table 3.2.1-1 Main Meteo ological Factors in Shenyang Area Month Relative Average Average Average Average Wind Humidity Atmospheric Pressure Temperature Precipitation Speed (%) (mb) (0C) (mm) (m/s) 64 1021.2 -10.1 1.2 3.3 2 58 1020.1 -5.3 1.2 3.6 3 1 54 1015.5 1.3 12.5 4.5 4 53 1009.6 10.4 17.3 5.1 5 55 1004.3 16.8 72.6 4.7 6 68 1000.6 22.2 100.8 4.1 7 78 999.0 24.4 263.6 3.4 8 79 1002.5 23.7 261.3 2.9 9 72 1008.5 17.5 70.9 3.6 10 68 1015.3 9.7 27.8 3.9 11 65 X 1019.3 0.4 14.7 4.2 12 64 1021.0 -8.3 4.9 3.9 23 *J *N~~~~~~ ,-'-' ' E t? ~ ~ ~~~ ( N/ WS.{ Tieling s -) -/ ~~~~~~Fuxin c 7Shenyan ( ! ,1, rJ/ % i) (, ~~~~Fush1un ||_|= C yang Jinzhou r ' lIiaoyan~ ( ~ ~ : Jinzhou / Lia oyang Benxi - -~ Q~,iPan) in Ln A an-i~~~~L'nufl O~ Huludao / Dando /Yingkou Dalian _<| I D , r' Daoian.0 50 100 I Kilometers Liaonina Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 3.1.2 Development Zones in Shenyang Urban Area an :%~~~~~~~L 25 Z 25 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 3.2.2 Air Quality 3.2.2.1 Monitoring Site Layout The roads involved in the proposed project are located in the central urban area of Shenyang. Along these roads are residential buildings, schools, hospitals, day care centers, shops and industries. According to requirement of EIA outline, 10 monitoring sites were selected in the environmental sensitive receptors for monitoring of ambient air quality. The site layout is shown in Figure 3.2.2-1. 3.2.2.2 Monitoring Time and Frequency Ambient air quality monitoring was conducted for two times in Oct. 1996 and Jan. 1997, and 7 consecutive days for each time (Oct. 25 - Oct. 31, 1996 and Jan. 7 - Jan. 13, 1997). 24 hours continuous sampling was conducted for daily average of TSP, SO2, NOx, Pb and B(a)P; and hourly sampling was conducted four times a day (7:30-8:30; 12:00-13:00; 17:00-18:00) for hourly average of SO2, NOx, CO and NMHC. Meanwhile, meteorological data such as wind direction, wind speed, temperature and atmospheric pressure were also monitored. 3.2.2.3 Parameters and Applicable Standard The parameters to be monitored include: NOx, CO, NMHC, TSP, SO2, Pb, B(a)P. The standard adopted is Class 2 of National Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996). A specific provincial standard of DB21-60-89 was used for assessment of NMHC (Table 1.3.2-1). 3.2.2.4 Monitoring Result and Assessment The monitoring results of ambient air quality is shown in Table 3.2.2-1, Table 3.2.2-2, and Table 3.2.2-3. - 26 /1.2, 7-1 1.51 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~2.56.1I.01O5 /2.1%3.1 U E to~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~26935926547 0. I 1-0.65/0.07-0 LEGEND3 -17.07/1.8~~~~~~~~~~~~~~v 2.55__8L131L88 3.03-3.96/2.08-3.96 A Nx ouIy/aiv(werie) /0.08-0.I .7.81.51.8COhtrl/alyacalc 2.92-14.14/2.10-8.22 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ic Iiurydalyavrac 2.89-3.84/2.63-4\ .79e 14500 C! I1 Table 3.2.2-1 Monitoring Results: NOx Daily Average Hourly Average _ Time Sampling sites Concentration Percentage of Maximum times Concentration Percentage of Maximum times g (mg/m3) readings over over standard (mg/m3) readings over over standard standard (%) standard (%) West Yushan Apartment 0.028-0.135 20 0.35 0.007-0.469 35 2.13 0 No. 107 Middle School 0.045-0.147 40 0.47 0.017-0.165 5 0.10 Day care center of Commercial Bureau 0.032-0.130 20 0.30 0.012-0.165 25 0.87a Non- Shenyang University 0.062-0.125 60 0.25 0.026-0.274 10 0.83 heating Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 0.064-0.103 20 0.03 0.004-0.350 20 1.33 season Lifu Hospital 0.026-0.060 0 0 0.015-0.254 15 0.69 6 No.32 Middle School 0.047 20 0.25 0.029-0.298 20 0.97 No. 148 Middle School 0.002-0.056 0 0 0.012-0.085 0 0 Residential Building of Dadongmen Bus Terminal 0.032-0.130 20 0.30 0.012-0.281 25 0.87 Bus Repair Facility 0.047-0.092 0 0 0.067-0.130 0 0 West Yushan Apartment 0.138-0.507 100 4.07 0.092-1.449 75 8.66 No. 107 Middle School 0.039-0.286 57 1.86 0.018-0.665 32 3.43 Day care center of Comnmercial Bureau 0.069-0.462 100 3.62 0.028-1.215 62 7.10 Shenyang University 0.210-0.370 100 2.70 0.095-1.546 79 9.31 Heating Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 0.109-0.692 100 5.92 0.067-1.434 61 8.56 season Lifu Hospital 0.115-0.369 100 2.69 0.077-1.104 89 6.36 No. 32 Middle School 0.067-0.257 35 1.57 0.051-0.884 40 4.89 No. 148 Middle School 0.013-0.179 25 0.79 0.026-0.183 38 0.22 Residential Building of Dadongmen Bus Terminal 0.073-0.175 36 0.75 0.095-0.357 56 1.38 I Bus Repair Facility 0.076-0.125 21 0.25 0.103-0.172 46 0.15 Class 2 of GB3095-96 0.10 _ 0.15 ._ 3 ft0 Bt Table .2.2-2 Daily Average sl:CO. Hourly Average Time Sampling sites Concentration Percentage of Maximum times Concentration Percentage of Maximum times : (mg/ml) readings over over standard (mg/nl') * readings over over standard _standard ()standard (%).e West Yushan Apartment I1.310-4.438 20 0.11 1.250-6.250 0 0 12. No. 107 Middle School 1.155-2.033 0 0 1.250-3.750 ° __° . _.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2 Day care center of Commercial Btireau 1.343-3.468 O ° 1.620-6.750 O O 0 Non- Shenyang University 1.533-2.595 0 0 1.250-4.380 0 0 10 heating Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 2.000-2.625 _ ° 1.250-4.000 ° O season Lifu Hospital 1.655-3.485 0 0 1.250-6.500 0 0 No. 32 Middle School 1.353-3.119 0 ° 1.500-7.810 0 0 TNo. 148 Middle School 1.151-2.870 M R 0 1.410-8.670 0 0 Residential Buildinpof Dadongtmen Bus Teoxinal 1.790-3.690 0 0 1.500-8.670 0 0 S Bus Repair Facility 1_0( r0-2 060 0 0 1.960-4.680 r oe 0 West Yushan Apartment 2.780-11.69 71 1.92 1.880-16.88 18 0.69 No. 107 Middle School 2.050-6.710 57 0.68 1.500-30.50 4 0.OS Day care center of Commercial Bureau 3.470-8.820 57 1.21 1.650-16.88 17 0.69 Shenyang University 2.160-9.450 57 1.500-13.88 18 0.39 Heating Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 2.550-17.03 71 3.26 1.880-31.88 14 2.19 season Lifu Hospital 2.920-14.14 57 2.54 2.100-18.22 18 0.82 No. 32 Middle School 2.890-10.79 51 1.70 1.920-15.17 48 0.52 No. 148 Middle School 2.070-8.190 30 2.79 1.700-10.85 25 0.01 Residential Building of Dadongmen Bus Terminal 2.010-9.100 35 1.850-13.50 29 0.35 Bus Repair Facility 1.430-7.150 15 0.79 1.270-11.51 7 0.15 Class 2 of SB3095-96 4.00 10.00 1 Heain ShnB alaBac ueu250-70 132 .8-18421 season Lifu Hospital 2.920-14.14 57 2.54 2.100-18.22 18 0.82~~~~~~~ No. 32 Middle School 2.890-10.79 51 1.70 1.920-15.17 48 0.52~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~3 No. 148 Middle School 2.070-8.190 30 2.79 1.700-10.85 25 0.01~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~c Table 3.2.2-3 Monitoring Results: Non-Methane HC (NMIC) Daily Average Hourly Average Time Sampling sites Concentration Percentage of Maximum times Concentration Percentage of Maximum times (mg/m3) readings over over standard (mg/m3) readings over over standard standard (%) . standard (%) F West Yushan Apartment 1.962-2.100 100 1.10 1.905-2.227 0 0 . No. 107 Middle School 1.944-2.070 100 1.07 1.822-2.200 0 0 Day care center of Commercial Bureau 1.871-2.081 100 1.08 1.725-2.178 0 0 Non- Shenyang University 1.907-2.032 100 1.08 1.836-2.215 0 0 X heating Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 1.975-2.081 100 1.08 1.862-2.187 0 0 . season Lifu Hospital 1.885-2.110 100 1.11 1.828-2.214 0 0 No. 32 Middle School 1.806-2.209 100 1.21 1.609-2.313 0 0 No. 148 Middle School 1.413-2.127 100 1.13 1.313-2.124 0 0 Residential Building of Dadongmen Bus Terminal 1.607-2.158 100 1.16 1.211-2.587 0 0 Bus Repair Facility 1.209-2.158 100 1.16 1.221-2.675 0 0 West Yushan Apartment 2.769-3.922 100 2.92 2.297-4.459 67.9 0.40 No. 107 Middle School 2.686-3.686 100 2.68 2.645-4.785 53.6 0.60 Day care center of Commercial Bureau 2.981-3.596 100 2.60 2.447-3.947 78.6 0.32 Shenyang University 2.710-3.589 100 2.50 2.159-4.415 57.1 0.47 Heating Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 3.034-3.963 100 2.96 2.075-3.963 67.8 0.32 season Lifu Hospital 2.887-3.843 100 2.84 2.634-4.789 85.7 0.60 No. 32 Middle School 2.718-3.597 100 2.60 2.067-3.877 25 0.29 No. 148 Middle School 2.014-3.343 100 2.34 2.005-3.515 19 0.17 Residential Building of Dadongmen Bus Terninal 2.414-3.651 100 2.65 2.105-3.606 24 0.20 ________ Bus Repair Facility 2.032-3.115 100 2.12 2.103-3.157 13 0.10 Class 2 of GB3095-96 1.00 3 | 3.00 l _ _ __ '9 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental lmpact Assessment It can be concluded from the monitoring results that: a) The ambient air quality of the project area fairly polluted, suffering medium pollution during non-heating season and severe pollution during heating season. Environmental air pollution is mainly caused by vehicle exhaust during non-heating season, and the air is mainly polluted by coal combustion of boiler during heating season. b) For NOx in Table 3.2.2-1, during non-heating season, except the site of Lifu Hospital, all the maximum daily averages of other sites exceed standard ranging from 0.03 to 0.47 times, with a maximum reading at No.107 Middle School; the maximum daily hourly averages of all sites exceed standard by 0.10-2.13 times, with a maximum reading at West Yushan Apartment. During heating season, all the maximum of daily and hourly average exceed the standard (0.14-5.29 times and 0.15-9.31 times respectively), with a maximum daily reading at Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau and a hourly maximum at Shenyang University. c) For CO, it can be seen in Table 3.2.2-2 that, during non-heating season, only the maximum daily average at West Yushan Apartment exceeds standard by 0.11 times, and no exceedance over standard for hourly averages at all sites. While during heating season, all the maximum of daily averages exceed standard by 0.68-3.26 times, with a maximum reading at Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau; and the maximum hourly averages at all sites exceed the standard, with a maximum of 2.19 times at Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau. d) For NMHC in Table 3.2.2-3, during non-heating season, all daily average readings exceed the standard, with maximum exceedance of 1.29 times, and no exceedance for all hourly averages. While, during heating, all daily average readings exceed standard ranging from 2.12-2.96 times. The maximum hourly averages at all sites exceed standard by 0.32-0.6 times, with 13%-85.7% readings exceeding the standard. In general, the ambient air quality along the roads is fairly polluted, mainly due to automobile exhaust emission. 3.2.3 Noise 3.2.3.1Monitoring Site Layout For the principle of monitoring site layout, 15 sampling points were selected near hospitals, schools, day care centers, residential buildings along the proposed road (see Table 3.2.3-1). The applied guideline is Measurement Method of Environmental Noise in Urban Areas (GB/T4623). The site layout is shown in Figure 3.2.2-2. 3.2.3.2 Monitoring Time and Frequency Noise monitoring was carried out in Oct. 1996, and 7 consecutive days for each time (Oct. 25-Nov. 1, 1996). 9 AM to 23 PM continuous sampling was conducted. Meanwhile, traffic volume was recorded. 3.2.3.3 Monitoring Result and Assessment The monitoring results of ambient air quality is shown in Table 3.2.3-1. 31 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment The monitoring results indicated that: 40.1% of day-time Leq averages exceeded the standard ranging from 0.lto 6.6 dB and 75% of night-time Leq exceeded the standard ranging from 2.0 to 18.9 dB. It is shown that the noise levels of day-time were fairly high along Jianshe- Nanwu Road, Beiyi Road(1-1), Lianhe Road(1-2), Nanjingnan Street. The highest noise levels of night-time was presented along Jianshe-Nanwu Road, and those were quite high along Beiyi Road(I-1), Lianhe Road, and Dadongmen Bus Terminal. 3.2.4 Vibration Five monitoring points were selected in the Subproject area. The monitoring was compliance with national standard Monitoring Method for Environmental Vibration in Urban Areas GB 10071-88. The site layout is shown in Figure 3.2.2-3 and monitoring results are presented in Table 3.2.4-1. The monitoring indicated that vibration levels in the Subproject area are under the limit of the standard except some certain points (0.3 times higher than the standard during day-time). At these points vibration levels exceeded the standard due to large volume of traffic. 32 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 3.2.2-2 Existing Monitoring Sampling Points Layout (Noise) -C) F-7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- r4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 33 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Laviroumeztai impAct itusswbuii Figure 3.2.2-3 Existing Monitoring Sampling Points Layout (Vibration.Sunshine) i 34 Table 3.2.3-1 Noise Monitoring Results and Traffic Volume No. SAMPLING POINTS ROAD SECTION DISTANCE BETWEEN Leq (dB) TRAFFIC VOLUME GB3096-93 THE POINT AND (vehicle/hr.) (dB) REDLINE C (mi) day-time night-time day-time night-time day-time night-time 1 South Yushan Apartment (the first floor) Jianshe- 10 70.1 65.1 2,375 980 70 55 South Yushan Apartment (the eighth floor) Nanwu Road 69.9 64.9 South Yushan Apartment (the twelfth floor) 69.5 63.8 South Yushan Apartment (the fourteenth floor) 68.4 61.7 2 Tielu Middle School 30 77.4 71.7 ś,962 960 3 Day care center of Commercial Bureau 10 76.6 73.9 2,580 1,092 4 No. 107 Middle School Pangiiang Street 35 65.3 57.8 2,376 888 5 Baogong No. I School Beiyi Road 20 73.6 71.1 348 144 6 Lifu Hospital 5 69.4 64.7 264 180 e 7 Xinggong No. I School 20 61.8 58.8 336 204 o 8 Xita School Lianhe Road 30 76.3 70.2 1,452 948 9 Shenyang University 20 62.7 60.5 1,212 504 10 No. 28 Middle School (the fist floor) 30 64.0 57.0 1,728 654 No. 28 Middle School (the fourth floor) 30 68.7 62.5 11 Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 40 70.3 69.5 1,738 1,008 v. 12 No. 32 Middle School Nanjingnan Str. 10 71.3 70.9 1,900 890 13 No. 148 Middle School Tianguang Str. 30 55.2 43.7 150 31 14 Bus Repair Facility Baishan Rd. 50 41.0 31.0 120 30 15 South Apartment of Dadongmen Bus Terminal Dadong Rd. 45 62.9 56.1 2,256 990 Table 3.2.4-1 Vibration Monitoring Results and Traffic Volume No. SAMPLING POINTS ROAD SECTION \ DISTANCE BETWEEN VLeq(dB) TRAFFIC VOLUME GBI0070-88 THE POINT AND __(vehi cle/hr.) d)5. REDLINE (m) day-time night-time day-time night-time day-time night-time 1 South Yushan Apartment Jianshe- 25 56.9 57.8 1,926 900 75 72 2 Tielu Middle School Nanwu Road 30 75.3 68.5 1,926 960 3 Day care center of Commercial Bureau 25 68.0 69.6 2,580 1,092 4 South Shenkuang Apartment Pangjiang Street 25 64.9 60.5 2,274 696 5 Xinggong No. I School Beiyi Road 20 59.0 52.5 303 146 _ la Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 3.2.5 Sunshine Six sunshine monitoring sites were selected along Jianshe-Nanwu Road, Beiyi Road and the first floor of buildings along the existing overpasses of Fangxing Square (see Table 3.2.5-1). The sites are shown in Figure 3.2.2-3. Table 3.2.5-1 Sunshine Monitoring Results No. Road section Monitoring site North side South side Distance from the road center Hours of Sunshine Hours of Sunshine (m) sunshine level sunshine level 1-1 Beiyi Road Guangming No. 2 5.6 Class I 0 29 Guangmning No. 1 6.3 Class I 0 25 School . 2-1 Nanwu Road West Yushan 5.5 Class I 0 25 Apartnent Day care center of 5.1 Class I 0 25 Commercial Bureau 2-1 Flyover in Hydropower 4.0 Class II 25 Fangxing Design Institute west side Square Northeast Architecture -3.4 Class II 20 Design Institute east side 3.2.6 Geology and Topography The land forms of Shenyang features plain topography. It is higher in North-east than South- west, with an average elevation of 50 m. The geological structure of major roads is shown is Table 3.2.6-1. Table 3.2.6-1 Geological Structure of Major Roads Road section Geological structure Nanwu Road alluvial flat, including 3-5 m coarse sand and 10-20 m round gravel. Pangiang Street West section old alluvial plain, including 20-25 m loam and 3-7 m mediun sand. Beiyi- Middle section new alluvial plain, including 1-5 m loam, 3-5 m coarse sand and 10-20 m Lianhe Rd. round gravel. East section alluvial flat, including 3-5 m coarse sand and 10-20 m round gravel. 3.2.7 Soil and Vegetation There is little bared soil within built-up area of Shenyang, since most lands are covered by buildings and roads, except some left in parks and green space along the streets. There isn't much vegetation involved in the project. The vegetation are mainly trees(such as willow, cypress, poplar, elm, etc.) and lawns, including: * Beiyi Road (1-1): 261 trees; * Lianhe Road (1-2, 1-3): 62,026 m2 lawn, 5,000 m2 green barrier, and 5,522 trees and bushes; 36 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment * East Jianshe Road (2-1): 1,120 m2 green barrier and 172 trees and bushes; * Nanwu Road (2-1): 1,176 m2 lawn and 761 trees; * Pangjiang Street (3-1): 5,676 m2 lawn in round-about, 958 m2 normal lawn, 645 m2 green barrier and 4,338 trees and bushes; * Zhulin Road: 134 cypresses; * Sanjing Street: 686 cypresses; * Helongjiang street: 310 cypresses and 40 bushes; * Nanjingnan Street: 198 cypresses. 3.3 Socio-economic Environment A survey shows thatNhere are more than 20 industrial enterprises along the project roads, with a total output of 4 billion RMB. There are also a number of commercial, educational, medical and government buildings and facilities along the project area. It can be concluded that the areas along the project roads are main economic development areas in Shenyang, in which along Beiyi Road is heavy industrial area, along Lianhe Road and East Jianshe Road are light industrial and financial areas, while along Lianhe and Nanwu Road are tertiary industrial areas including hotels, restaurants, service facilities, some government buildings and schools. Details are presented in Table 3.3-1 and Table 3.3-2. Table 3.3-1 Major Industrial Enterprises along the Proposed-Roads No. Road Section Major Industrial Enterprises Output Value Location (10,000 Yuan _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~~~~~~RUB) _ 1-1 Beiyi Road Smelting Plant 146514 Tiexi (Baogong Str. Heavy Machinery Plant 40075 District -Gonghe Bridge) Transformer Plant 75951 Low-voltage Appliance Plant 13935 1-2 Lianhe Road(Gonghe Shenyang Textile Mill 5600 Shenhe Bridge- Xiaobeiguan Str.) Shenyang No. 2 Prainting&Dying Plant 4003 District 1-3 Lianhe Road(Xiaobeiguan Shenyang Fine Wool Plant 2136 Dadong Str.- Beihai Str.) Shenyang Micro-electrical Machinery 2000 District ____ ~~~~~~~Plant 2-1 Jianshe Road Shenyang Brewery 32302 Shenhe I (Aigong Str.-Shengli Rd.) Steel-rolling General Plant 5000 District 3-1 Pangjiang Street Mining Equipment Plant 46188 Dadong Zhongiie Friendship Plant 16538 District Zhulin Road Laolongkou Brewery Dadong Shenyang No. 1 Valve Plant District Shenyang Zhengda Printing Mill Helongjiang Street Shenyang Longjiang Leather Box Plant Huanggu Shenyang No. 2 Mutual Inductor Plant District Nanjingnan Street Shenyang Industrial Boiler Plant Heping Shenyang Industrial Electric Oven Plant _ District 37 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 3.3-2 Major Commercial and Service Industry along the proposed Roads Market Commercial and Service Road Section Shop shopper daby' name floor room bunk Entertainment (person) (10,000 facing the I_YuanRB_ _ roads 11 Beiyi Rd. Guangming 500 5 Shop Guangming 6000 10 Market _ 1-2 Lianhe Rd. Liaoning 500 50 Tianya Hotel 20 100 200 Material Group _ Vegetable & 40000 170 Gloria Plaza I 8 70 150 Fruit Co. Auto Trade 300 200 Bank of 15 45 190 Center ,_ I China Hotel 2-1 Jianshe Rd. Shenyang Hardware 1000 10 Sifang Hotel 8 33 70 Henglida EquipmeanCo. Entertainment ______ ______ Town Nanwu Rd. Xinxing 6000 10 Tiandu Hotel 14 178 400 Taiyangcheng Market Entertainment Center Tonghai 300 5 Yushan 6 30 60 Lantian Food Sales Co. Hotel Entertainment l_____ __________ _____ _ _____ Town 3-1 Pangjiang Pangjiang 10000 6 Shenkuang Str. Market _ Cultural Center Changiang 300 5 Market Taihua Motorcycle 200 20 Trade Center Zhulin Rd. Zhulin 100 0.5 Dadong Cinema Shop _ Zhulin 1500 8 Qianmingyuan Market _ Karo OK Center Chuchu 80 0.8 Photography Center Sanjing Str. Tianxing 100 1 Shenyang 5 20 100 Shenhe Worker Super Market Union Hotel _ _ Cultural Center Shisanwei Rd. 2000 2 Jinfeng 14 218 428 Trade Market Hotel Helongliang Longjiang Market 2000 2.5 Minzheng 7 20 40 Beiling Cinema Str. Service Hotel Shenjuan. 5 9 18 _________ _________ _ _ Hotel _ Nanjing=an Liaosheng Shop 50 0.8 Bolong 8 Bolong Skating Str. _ Hotel Rink Tianguang Shuntong Market 1000 0.5 Shunfeng 8 38 50 Str. Hotel Shenzhou Daxi No. 1 12 86 110 Rd. School Hengxing 5 100 200 Hotel 38 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 3.3.1 Demographics and Community Overview 3.3.1.1Community Functional Classification and Population Distribution The proposed project involves four administrative districts of Shenyang, including Tiexi, Heping, Shenhe and Dadong districts. The distribution of population affected by the project is shown in Table 3.3.1-1. Table 3.3.1-1 Community Functional Classification and Population Distribution No. Road Section District Functional Population Density .___________ Classification (person/kmn2) 1-1 Beiyi Rd. Baogong Str.- Tiexi industry 17,921 _ _____ _.. t Gonghe Bridge 1-2 Lianhe Rd. Gonghe Bridge- Heping residence, commerce 29,137 Beijing Str. Beijing Str.- Shenhe comrnerce, residence 32,189 _____ ____________ Xiaobeiguan Str. 1-3 Lianhe Rd. Xiaobeiguan Str.- Dadong residence, commerce, 11,870 _ _______ Beihai Str. industry 2-1 Jianshe Rd. Aigong Str.- Tiexi industry 17,921 Shenglin Str. Nanwu Rd. Shengli Str.- Heping residence, culture and 29,137 Fangxing Square education 3-1 Pangjiang Binhe Rd.-Shenhai Dadong residence, comnmnerce, 11,870 Str. Interchange industry Zhulin Rd. Jinqiao Rd.-Shenhai Dadong residence, commnerce, 11,870 _____ Interchange industry Shenzhou Daxi Rd.- Shenhe residence, commerce 32,189 |__i_ Rd. Xishuncheng Str.. Tianguang Shenzhou Rd.- Shenhe residence, commerce 32,189 Str. Shuntong Rd. Sanjing Str. Zhongshan Rd.- Shenhe and residence, commerce, Binhe Rd. Heping culture and education Nanjingnan Xinhua Square- Heping | residence, commerce 29,137 Str. Daba Rd. Helongjiang Chongshan Rd.- Huanggu commnerce, residence Str. Kunshan Rd. 3.3.1.2 Distribution of Residence Affected The distribution of resident affected is presented in Table 3.3.1-2. 39 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 3.3.1-2 Distribution of Affected Population by the Project Road Number of Number of Nearest Distance from the Affected Residential floor Redline of the Road Population Buildings Beiyi Road (1-1) 29 7-8 5 m 8,460 Lianhe Road (1-2) 114 6-14 lOm 40,300 East Jianshe Road (2-1) 35 4-8 8 m 41,736 Nanwu Road (2-1) 125 3-15 lom 17,438 Pangjiang Street 25 5-6 15 m 6,539 Nanjingnan Street 104 5-6 5m 4,670 Zhulin Street 41 6-7 3m 7,716 Sanjing Street 45 6-7 2m 4,654 Shenzhou Rd. & TianguangStr. 34 5 5m 10,310 Helongjiang Street 43 6-7 8m 8,186 Dadong Road 33 7-8 lOm 7,084 Total 628 157,093 3.3.2 Land Use Most of the land use along the project roads are residential, commercial, governmental and educational areas, with little industrial use. The land use within the project area is shown in Table 3.3.2. Table 3.3.2 Land Use of Project Area Road Location Land Function Area Note I m~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~2) Beiyi Road North side residential area 1.31 including areas South side industrial area 1.31 within 500 m Lianhe Road both sides commercial, residential, educational area and 7.73 of both sides some industries of the road Nanwu Road both sides residential, commercial and goverrnent area 3.65 Pangjiang Street both sides residential, commercial and industrial area 2.13 Nanjingnan Street both sides commercial, residential, educational area and 1.77 institutions Zhulin Road both sides industrial, commercial, residential area 1.06 Sanjing Street both sides commercial, residential, educational area and 2.55 institutions. Tianguang Street both sides residential, educational area and institutions 1.14 Shenzhou Road both sides residential, educational area and institutions 1.0 Helongjiang Street both sides commercial, residential, educational area and 1.3 institutions Bus Repair Facility surrounding vegetable land, traffic 0.7 Dadongmen Bus surrounding traffic, residential, commercial 0.35 Terninal Total I_26.0 40 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS 4.1 Issues and Concerns This chapter provides an overview of the analysis carried out to evaluate the potential impacts of the LUTP-Shenyang Subproject on the various environmental components, which include Beiyi-Lianhe Corridor, Jianshe-Nanwu Corridor, Pangjiang Street, Sanjing Street, Helongjiang Street, Nanjingnan Street, Zhulin Road, Tianguang Street, Shenzhou Road, Bashan Road, Dadong Road and Shengli Road Improvement; the Bus Repair Facility and the Dadongmen Bus Terminal. The proposed roads,Awith long length and heavy traffic, are the trunks in the city. The impacts on high-density residential, commercial areas, lots of schools and some important institutions along the roads are fairly serious. Thus, Category A of environmental impact assessment will be carried out for the areas impacted. This analysis was based on the evaluation of the existing environment as described in Chapter 3 for these parameters as well as a prediction of conditions which were likely during construction and operation phases. A summary of the assumptions, modifications and limitations of the models utilized in there analysis is presented in Table 4.1-1. Additional details associated with the specific models can be found in the Chinese EA Report. Detailed surveys for socio-economy, public participation have been made. These sensitive receptors are selected representing high-density residential areas, hospitals, schools, day care centers, important office buildings, cultural heritage and tourism resorts, which have higher requirement for the environment of air quality, noise and sunshine. Analysis was carried out by comparison of environmental factors with and without the project and comparison of alternatives and the preferred option. This was help determine the potential environmental impact of the project during construction and operation phases, and provide mitigation measures. Meanwhile, the preferred option and alternatives were shown to the public in the project area. The public opinions were considered in the designs to reduce the potential impact of the project. The background data used in the assessment were monitored in 1996. The impacts of the project are assessed until the year 2010 according to the requirement of TOR. 41 . Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.1-1 Summary of Assumptions, Modifications and Limitations for Models Utilized Component Air Quaity Noise Sunshine Model US EPA CALINE 3 US EPA US Federal Highways Solar MOBILE 5 Administration Model (FHWA) Geometry Assumptions * 18.52% * traffic volume as the results * winter diesel and in the feasibility study report solstice to 81.48% * viaduct and ground level reflect gasoline traffic minimum duration of sunshine Modifications * modified by * modified by * modified parameters based Beqing experts Beijing on JTJO05-96 for Chinese experts for * height modifications on traffic Chinese roadside buildings were * increase traffic made based on analogical stability one test category considering the urban road roughness Limitations * best available * Traffic * traffic speed 15 -73 km/h; model but urban speed: 15-73 * distance between roadside streets are kmi/h; buildings and road center difficult to line is 30ą5 m model * the volume rate of accurately; HDT/LDT in viaduct is 0.25 * traffic speeds are difficult to estimate , . 4.2 Air Quality LUTP-Shenyang Subproject will improve transportation in the urban center. Vehicles will move faster, and there will be less congestion at intersections. It is predicted that the average speed in the city center will increase from current 21.4 km/hr to 29.8 km/hr in 2010 as a result of the construction of the Subproject. Although the air quality in the project corridor will deteriorate due to more traffic flow, higher vehicle speed and decreased travel time will result in overall improvement of air quality in the city center. The assessment of air quality impacts was designated to evaluate these issues. 4.2.1 Methodology As recommended by consultants of the World Bank, US MOBLE 5 was employed to determine emission. The input files for the model were based on the data and format used in Beijing for the same task. A modified US EPA MOBILE 5 model was used to predict emission factors of various vehicles in the project. The model was modified according to specific characters in Shenyang, such as, distribution of vehicle age, disperse rate, attenuation coefficient, fuel consumption/km, etc. The input meteorological parameters are listed in Table 4.2.2-l.The related classification of MV is detailed in Chapter 2. 42 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment The US EPA line-source model CALINE 3 was used to model the dispersion of vehicle exhaust within 500 m along both sides of the road. Then assessment was conducted using the predicted air quality to compare with Class 2 of GB3015-96 and DB21-60-89. According to the predicted traffic data for 2010 in the feasibility report, the peak hour traffic volume in 2010 was used to calculate the peak hour pollutant concentration in the down-wind direction along both sides of the road; the non-peak hour traffic volume was used to calculate the daily average concentration along the road sides. The contents of prediction include the following aspects: * Air quality with/without the project, and with alternatives; summer and winter of 2010; peak hour and -on-peak hour concentration of NOx, CO and HC under dominant wind direction and unfavourable meteorological condition and their daily average concentration under the same condition during environmental monitoring period; * Assessment for major environmentally sensitive locations. The location of sensitive receptors is shown in Figure 3.2.2-1. 4.2.1.1Emission Model and Parameters The process of pollutant emission, related to sorts of factors, is very complicated. Thus, the emission coefficient is difficult to determine. US EPA MOBILE 5 is a suitable model, which produces not only the emission coefficients of MVs, but also forecast of pollution emission. The statistical pollutant emissions for different vehicles with different ages are the basic parameters of the model. Some parameters, such as forecast year, mileage, speed and temperature, are input based on the specific situation in Shenyang. The assumptions, modifications and limitations are summarized in Table 4.1-1. The meteorological parameters required include wind direction, wind speed, atmospheric stability, height of mix layer and index of wind speed. The major conditions used in modelling is shown in Table 4.2.1-1. Table 4.2.1-1 Temperature in Shenyan Area Season Average temperature (C) Maximum average C Minimum average (°C) Winter -9.6 -4.3 -20.7 I Summer 23.2 28.1 18.3 4.2.1.2 Dispersion Model and Parameters The US EPA line source model CALINE 3 was used to model vehicle emission dispersion on the 5 road sections and 2 interchanges. The specific formulas of the model were presented in the Chinese EA Report. The base of CALINE 3 is still Gaussian line source. Research of Rao (1979, 1980) and Eskridge (1979a, 1979b) shows that dispersion of pollutants on road mainly depends on the turbulence caused by vehicles, while ambient atmospheric stability only plays a minor role. Based on the comparison of GM test ( by Cadle in 1976) and LIE test ( by Rao in 1978) with PG curve, even though most of the GM data were obtained under stable atmospheric 43 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment condition, while its dispersion coefficient is between A and C of PG category. Therefore, modification was adopted in the calculation. Considering the roughness of urban area, the stability was adjusted towards one category more unstable for calculation. In the application of CALINE 3, according to the requirement of the World Bank, dispersion coefficient of US EPA MOBILE 5 was used. The input file for MOBILE 5 is a modification from a similar project in Beijing. The relevant assumptions, modifications and limitations are presented in Table 4.1-1. The meteorological parameters used in the model are summarized in Table 4.2.1-2. More details are shown in the Chinese EA Report. Tale 4.2.1-2 The Most Probable Meteorological Condition I Parameter r Winter Summer Stability and Frequency Stable, 50.06% Medium, 61.72% Dominant Wind Direction N s Average Wind Speed (m/s) 2.41 4.54 The atmospheric condition during background monitoring (Oct. 25-31, 1996 and Jan. 6-12, 1997) was used to predict daily average values. The meteorological characters of the monitoring results are consistent with those of the statistics within the past three years. The major parameters of this condition is listed in Table 4.2.1-3. Table 4.2.1-3 Major M teorological Parameters during Bac kround Monitoring I Winter (Jan. 6-12, 1997) Summer (Oct. 25-31, 1996) Stability and Frequency Stable, 60.72% Medium, 70.24% Prevailing Wind Direction N - NE 0 S I Wind Speed (mls) 0 - 4.0 3.0 - 12.0 4.2.2 Vehicle Emission Inventory The emission(g/km) for single vehicle (gasoline and diesel) with various speeds in winter and summer is predicted in 2010. The results summarized in Table 4.2.2-1 are used to predict the emission in peak and non-peak in winter and summer. It can be seen from the prediction results that, the road section 1-2 (Gonghe Bridge- Xiaobeiguan Street) has the highest emission among the 5 sections. The reason is because most part of this section has already reached the width which is required by the urban plan, especially the width of the road between Beijing Street and Huigong Square has already been extended to 60 m. Therefore, there is a fairly high traffic volume in this section. When the project is completed, more traffic will be introduced causing high pollution emission. The section 2-1 (Nanwu Road - Jianshe Road) has the emission just second to the section 1-2. Currently it is the main road leading to Tiexi District, and when the project is completed, operation of both viaduct and surface road will inevitably attract more traffic volume, hence resulting in increase of pollution emission. Table 4.2.2-2 shows the details of pollution emission. 44 Table 4.2.2-1 Emission for Single Vehicle in 2010 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ U nit: gfk m U it: g /k m C Season Average Gasoline Vehicle Diesel Vehicle speed HC CO NOx HC CO NOx 3 (kmih) LDV MDV HDV LDV MDV HDV LDV MDV HDV LDV MDV HDV LDV MDV HDV LDV MDV HDV f winter 15 9.14 19.04 17.83 65.42 85.81 151.4 2.32 3.90 4.27 0.44 0.62 2.94 1.60 1.82 10.72 0.85 0.98 9.64 1 20 7.81 15.63 13.99 54.56 72.37 120.3 2.24 3.76 4.43 0.37 0.54 2.56 1.30 1.47 8.68 0.77 0.88 8.71 - 30 6.22 12.23 9.03 43.70 58.94 80.98 2.15 3.62 4.66 0.29 0.42 1.97 0.90 1.01 5.99 0.65 0.75 7.42 e 40 4.82 9.69 6.23 31.83 44.06 59.29 2.21 3.61 4.94 0.23 0.33 1-.58 0.66 0.75 4.43 0.59 0.68 6.67 .n- 50 3.92 8.06 4.58 23.85 33.98 47.25 2.26 3.62 5.17 0.19 0.27 1.31 0.52 0.59 3.52 0.55 0.64 6.63 60 3.31 6.99 3.59 18.57 27.26 40.98 2.29 3.63 5.43 0.16 0.23 1.12 0.44 0.50 2.99 0.56 0.64 6.35 70 2.88 6.21 2.99 14.67 22.39 38.66 2.31 3.64 5.69 0.14 0.21 0.99 0.41 0.46 2.73 0.59 0.68 7.73 73 2.77 6.02 2.87 13.76 21.26 38.64 2.31 3.64 5.77 0.14 0.20 0.96 0.40 0.45 2.69 0.61 0.70 6.91 summer 15 4.01 6.99 10.35 32.64 38.98 104.6 1.61 2.61 3.74 0.44 0.62 2.92 1.61 1.82 10.67 0.85 0.98 9.44 20 3.34 5.75 8.17 27.22 32.87 83.10 1.55 2.51 3.85 0.38 0.54 2.53 1.30 1.47 8.63 0.77 0.89 8.53 30 2.67 4.50 5.38 21.80 26.77 55.91 1.49 2.42 4.07 0.29 0.42 1.96 0.90 1.01 5.96 0.65 0.75 7.26 40 2.09 3.59 3.81 15.88 20.11 40.94 1.54 2.41 4.30 0.23 0.33 1.57 0.66 0.75 4.41 0.59 0.68 6.53 _____ ____ ____ ____ ___ 50 1.72 3.02 2.89 11.90 15.43 32.62 1.57 2.42 4.53 0.19 0.27 1.29 0.52 0.59 3.50 0.55 0.64 6.19 Z. 60 1.47 2.63 2.33 9.24 12.38 28.29 1.59 2.43 4.25 0.16 0.23 1.11 0.45 0.50 2.98 0.56 0.65 6.22 3 70 1.29 2.36 2.00 7.32 10.17 26.69 1.60 2.43 4.98 0.14 0.21 0.98 0.41 0.46 2.72 0.59 0.68 6.59 _ 73 1.25 2.29 1.93 6.86 9.65 26.48 1.61 2.43 5.05 0.14 0.20 0.95 0.40 0.45 2.68 0.61 0.70 6.77 ________ _______ ____________ ______ ______ ______ ______ _____ ______ ____________ ___________________ a Table 4.2.2-2 Pollution Emission With The Project in 2010 I| .__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ur t: kgth Season Beiyi Lianhe Lianhe Nanwu Pangjiang Fangxing Gonghe Sanjing Shenzhou Tianguang Zhulin Nanjingnan Helong Total Road Road Road Road Road Square Interchange Street Road Street Road Street -jiang 1 ____ (I-l) (1.2) . (1.3) (2-1) (3-l) Street Winter Peak HC 132.03 218.44 93.33 167.32 81.08 19.45 52.67 16.18 13.04 16.37 32.36 75.66 4.75 922.61 1 Hour CO 827.47 1451.16 168.26 1026.12 535.87 120.47 325.55 104.74 85.49 107.69,, 215.47 499.87 30.33 5948.49 IV NOx 60.06 85.97 37.43 80.74 32.73 9.44 35.01 7.36 5.53 6.82 12.29 28.99 2.33 394.70 NO2 6.01 8.6 3.74 8.07 3.27 0.94 3.50 0.74 0.55 0.68 1.23 2.90 0.23 39.46 e Non- HC 82.40 135.75 57.93 104.00 50.67 12.10 32.80 9.03 7.29 9.11 18.33 44.49 2.64 566.54 ; peak CO 509.19 893.00 379.31 127.61 331.90 73.76 199.75 57.58 47.20 59.14 121.29 295.71 16.61 3612.05 n Hour NOx 39.66 56.68 24.72 53.38 21.55 6.23 16.48 4.40 3.32 4.08 7.37 17.32 1.39 256.58 NO2 3.97 5.67 2.47 5.34 2.16 0.62 1.65 0.44 0.33 0.41 0.74 1.73 0.14 25.66 Summer Peak HC 29.07 99.59 42.54 74.61 36.94 8.74 23.58 7.41 5.94 7.47 14.74 34.59 2.18 417.41 CN Hour CO 438.94 788.71 336.06 541.99. 291.36 64.25 172.83 57.39 46.2 58.61 117.19 273.24 16.49 3103.48 NOx 44.22 65.42 28.44 59.15 24.89 6.98 18.37 5.59 4.20 5.18 9.35 22.10 1.77 295.66 NO2 4.42 6.54 2.84 5.92 . 2.49 0.69 1.84 0.56 0.42 0.52 0.94 2.21 0.18 29.58 Non- HC 36.95 61.91 26.44 46.59 23.09 5.45 14.72 4.34 3.33 4.17 8.37 20.29 1.22 256.87 peak CO 270.11 484.98 206.21 331.64 180.45 39.30 106.17 31.26 25.62 32.17 65.96 161.11 9.03 1944.01 Hour NOx 29.31 42.99 18.76 38.99 16.39 4.60 12.12 3.34 2.56 . 3.10 5.60 13.20 1.05 191.97 NO2 2.93 4.29 1.88 3.89 1.64 0.46 1.21 0.33 0.25 0.31 0.56 1.32 0.11 19.2 Number of lane 6 6 6 8 6 4 6 6 6 6 4 Length ot tlie road seclion (m) 312.3.3 4414.8 2407.6 3768.0 2092.3 2255.0 996.4 1140.0 900.0 1591.7 1820.1 Daily volume 39555 94883 48577 90781 48350 10439 18295 19702 44555 64675 2827 C, Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.2.3 Impact Analysis 4.2.3.1 Construction Phase The main pollution during construction phase is air-borne dust on construction site and along transportation routes of construction vehicles, as well as exhaust emission of construction vehicles. The most serious pollution is the short-time air-borne dust caused by material feeding and operation of on-site construction vehicles. This pollution will present obvious impact within 40 m down-wind on both sides of construction sections, and little impact beyond 40 m. This conclusion is obtained based on the investigation of the completed Second Ring Road in Shenyang. The investigation was conducted in Autumn, which has similar meteorological condition to that of this proposed project, because winter is not construction season in Shenyangk. Impact analysis during construction phase will address two aspects as follows: a) Air-borne Dust (1) Pangjiang Street (3-1): The construction of this section is to widen the existing road, the section between Xiaoheyan Road and Shenhai Interchange. Traffic will remain during the construction phase. Main sensitive receptors (No. 107 Middle School and South Shenkuang Apartment) are beyond 40m, therefore there will be little impact on them. Additionally, because this section is south-north oriented, while the frequency of west or east wind is low in Shenyang area, hence the project will have little impact on the road sides even within 40m. (2) Beiyi Road (1-1): The section between Baogong Street and Songgong Street is narrow, and the section between Songgong Street and Xinggong Street is not paved yet. There will be lots of resettlement for the north side of the road, hence certain air-borne dust will be caused by demolition of old buildings. However, within 40m on the south side of the section east to Songgong Street located the Lifu Hospital, which will be impacted by the project. (3) Lianhe Road (1-2): The section west of Huanghe Street to Fushun Road will be widened, which will have little impact. While the section between Fushun Road and Gonghe Interchange has not been paved currently, but reserved according to the city planning. The construction of this section will cause air-borne dust pollution on residential area (ca. 300 families, with nearest distance of 20m) and Xita School, which is 30m to the east. (4) Lianhe Road (1-3): The construction is the widening of existing section between Xiaobeiguan Street and Beihai Street. For the west part of the section which has major - engineering work, there is basically no residential area along both sides, except Shenyang University. However, the sport field of the university where has most concentrated students is 50 m away from the road, therefore, dust pollution during construction will have a little impact on it. (5) Nanwu Road (2-1): This section will have the most serious dust pollution impact among the project sections. Because there is a railway crossing, which increases difficulty and makes closed construction impossible. So the construction is to done by phases. Apart 47 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment from normal traffic volume, additional construction vehicles will increase more congestion. In addition, along the west part of this section, there exist Tielu Middle School, South Yushan Apartment, West Yushan Apartment, Day care center of CB, and residential buildings (ca. 2000 people in 600 families) within 40m distance. These sensitive receptors will be impacted by the project. (6) Gonghe Interchange: The residents within construction site (east of Gonghe Interchange and north of Shifu Road) will be resettled, and no other receptors exist. To the west of the interchange is a railway marshalling station, to the south is Shengli Road. Hence, little impact of dust pollution will occur. (7) The Asphalt Planf is located in the suburban area, with no impact on urban air quality. Sand and gravel whil be drawn from Hunhe River, and canvas will be used to prevent dust in the course of transportation. The cement mixing facility will also be far away from urban center, presenting no impact at all on urban area. (8) The Bus Repair Facility will be constructed in suburban area, hence impose no impact on urban air in terms of air-borne dust. The Dadongmen bus terminal is to be constructed in the urban area. However, enclosure will be installed to prevent air-borne dust. (9) For Tianguang Street, Shenzhou Road, Sanjing Street, Zhulin Road, Nanjingnan Street and Heilongjiang Street, construction work will include widening of existing roads and missing link connection. However, because these are generally short roads, the construction phase will be short too, therefore, with proper mitigation measures (such as enclosure or semi-enclosure, and well-organized construction), impact on environment can be minimized. b) Exhaust Emission The construction vehicles will increase traffic volume in the urban area, therefore generally increase exhaust emission. However, the- major impacted area is still limited within the project corridor. Based on the prediction, the most impacted scope is the area within 20 m down-wind (30 m for viaduct). Hence, the exhaust emission construction vehicles will have an increased impact to those non-closed construction sections (e.g. 3-1, 1-3 and 2-1), and decreased impact on those closed construction sections (e.g. 1-1). 4.2.3.2 Operation Phase a) Peak Hour Concentration The modelling results show that when the project is completed, the mobile source emissions will cause severe impact on pollutant concentration along both sides of the road, especially within 20m ( 30m for viaduct) and under the most stable atmospheric conditions, e.g. , the peak hour concentration of NOx is 0.65 mg/mr3, CO is 11.18 mg/m3 , HC is 1.68 mg/m3, N02 is 0.07 mg/mr3 in Shenyang University on Lianhe Road. Only the maximum concentrations of various pollutants are analyzed in this report based on severe impact. The background value is not included in the prediction. 4S Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment NOx The applied standard for NOx is Class 2 of Air Quality Standard (0.15 mg/m3). Compared with CO and HC, NOx has the most serious impact (covering an area of 500 m on both sides of the road). Especially for the Pangjiang Street (3-1), the maximum concentration is 1.03 Mmg/m3, exceeding the standard by 5.87 times. Table 4.2.3-1 shows the predicted maximum peak hour concentration of NOx in winter, under stable meteorological condition. According to the emission inventory, the emission of 3-1 section is not the largest, however it has the largest concentration. This is due to the road orientation, traffic speed and meteorological condition. The 3-1 section is a south-north direction road, while the prevailing wind direction of Shenyang is south and north, therefore, most of the pollutants will remain on the road instead disperse to-both sides. Meanwhile, the concentration in Nanjingnan Street is quite high, with the maxklnum of 0.79 mg/m3 exceeding the standard by 4.27 times. Table 4.2.3-1 Predicted Peak Hour Maximum NOx in 2010 Section Cmax Exceedance Standard-exceeding Xmax (mg/m3) over standard Scope (Distance to (times) road shoulder) Beiyi Road (l-1) 0.80 4.3 100 m Road shoulder Lianhe Road (1-2) 0.71 3.7 70m Road shoulder Lianhe Road (1-3) 0.65 3.3 70 m Road shoulder Nanwu Road (2-1) 0.80 4.3 70m Road shoulder Pangjiang Street(3-1) 1.03 5.9 40 m Road shoulder Gonghe Interchange 0.96 5.4 300 m 10 m away from road shoulder Fangxing Square 0.87 4.8 140 m 10 m away from overpass Tianguang Str. 0.20 0.33 30 m 5 m away from road shoulder Shenzhou Rd. 0.16 0.07 20 m Road shoulder Sanjing Str. 0.13 - - 5 m away from road shoulder Zhulin Rd. 0.40 1.7 0lo m Road shoulder Heilongjiang Str. 0.09 - - 5 m away from road shoulder Nanjingnan Str. 0.79 4.3 300 m 5 m away from road shoulder Standard 0.15 mg/rn3 Note: Cmax - The Maximum concentration Xmax - Distance at which the maximum concentration occurs CO The applied standard is 10.0 mg/m3. The impact of CO is basically limited within 50m (Table 4.2.3-2). The most seriously impacted roads by CO are the same that seriously impacted by NOx. Around the cross of Gonghe Interchange and Lianhe Road, the CO concentration will exceed standard within an area of 4,500 m2 (from Gonghe Interchange to Shengli Street), causing impact on pedestrians (Fig. 4.2.3-1). Around the overpass of Fangxing Square, the CO concentration will exceed standard within an area of 38,400 m2. This mainly covers south part of the overpass (e.g. North East Electricity Administration Bureau). While NE Architecture Design Institute, Liaoning Hydropower Survey Institute and Jianzhu restaurant in the south will be less impacted (Fig. 4.2.3-2). 49 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.2.3-2 Predicted Peak Hour Maximum CO in 2010 Section Cmax Exceedance Standard-exceeding Scope Xrnax (mg/m3) over standard (Distance to road willer) (times) Beiyi Road (1-1) 12.23 0.22 30 m Road willer Lianhe Road (1-2) 12.33 0.23 20 m Road willer Lianhe Road (1-3) 11.18 0.12 20m Road willer Nanwu Road (2-1) 14.00 0.40 40 m Road willer Pangjiang Street(3-1) 17.25 0.73 20 m Road willer Gonghe Interchange 14.71 0.47 50 m 10 m away from road willer Fangxing Square 12.40 0.24 60 m 10 m away from overpass * Tianguang Str. 3.19 - - 5 m away from road willer Shenzhou Rd. 2.49 - - Road willer Sanjing Str. Al.92 - - 5 m away from road willer Zhulin Rd. 7.02 - - Road willer Heilongiiang Str. 1.31 - - 5 m away from road willer Nanjingnan Str. 13.43 0.34 20 m 5 m away from road willer Standard 10.0 mg/rm Cmax - The Maximum concentration Xmax - Distance at which the maximum concentration occurs Figure 4.2.3-1 Distribution of CO Peak Hour Concentration in Down-wind in Stable Climate (2010, Gonghe Interchange) Lianhe Road +( ~~~~~~~Shifu Road Unt .: 50 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 4.2.3-2 Distribution of CO Peak Hour Concentration in Down-wind in Stable Climate (2010, Fangxing Square) :02 tO -..,Nanwu Road,' NE EleccLanagement Bu Liaonng Hydropower Survey -and De__gn tnstitute _ LI- tts ~ ~ ~ ~~~t Und .4 HC The applied standard here is 3.00 mg/m3. Compared with CO and NOx, HC has the minimum impact on ambient air quality. There is no standard-exceeding prediction occurs. The maximum concentration is 2.6 mg/m3. NO2 ' The applied standard is 0.12 mg/m3. NO2 is 10% of NOx. The maximum concentration of NO2 is 0.10 mg/mr3 in Beihai Street, under the standard. b) Daily Average Concentration The modelling results show that when the project is completed, the mobile source emissions will cause impact on both sides of the road. The impact of NOx daily average concentration is serious and the zone of influence is 100 m. The impact of CO daily average concentration is less and the zone of influence is 40 m. Only the maximum concentration of the pollutant will be analyzed in the report. NOx The applied standard here is 0.10 mg/m3. The standard-exceeding scope is within 100 m. The most seriously impacted section is Beiyi Road (1-1), with maximum concentration of 0.38 mg/m3, exceeding standard by 2.8 times. Details is shown in Table 4.2.3-3. 51 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.2.3-3 Predicted Maximum Daily Average of NOx in 2010 Section Season Cmax Standard exceeding times Standard exceeding scope (mg/mr3) Beiyi Road winter 0.38 2.8 100 m south, 10 m north 1-1 summer 0.18 0.8 70 m south, 40 m north Lianhe Road winter 0.33 2.3 70 m south, 20 m north 1-2 summer 0.13 0.3 10 m south, 10 m north Lianhe Road winter 0.28 1.8 50 m south, 20 m north 1-3 summer 0.13 0.3 l 0 m south, 10 m north Nanwu Road winter 0.34 2.4 70 m south, 5 m north 2-1 summer 0.17 0.7 10 m south, 20 m north Pangjiang Street winter 0.30 2.0 100 m east, O m west 3-1 si:mmer 0.21 1.1 70 m east, 5 m west Gonghe Interchange wiiter 0.37 2.7 100 m south, 50 m north summer 0.20 1.0 40 m south, 30 m north Fangxing Square winter 0.28 1.83 100 m south, 50 m north summer 0.15 0.45 50 m south, 150 m north Tianguang Str. winter 0.08 _ summer 0.04 _ Shenzhou Rd. winter 0.07 _ X summer 0.03 _ Sanjing Str. winter 0.05 _ summer 0.03 _ Zhulin Rd. winter 0.18 | 0.8 20south, I0 m north summer 0.13 0.3 5 m south, 20 m north Heilongjiang Str. winter 0.04 summer 0.02 Nanjingnan Str. winter 0.23 1.3 10 m east, 30 m west summer 0.16 0.6 40 m east, 10 m west Standard 0.10 mg/ml co The applied standard here is 4.0 mg/m3. Most of the CO impact is within 40 m. The Nanwu Road (2-1) has the highest concentration of 5.5 mg/m3, exceeding standard by 0.4 time. Table 4.2.3-4 shows the maximum concentration CO predicted. HC The applied standard is 1.0 mg/m3. Compared with CO and NOx, HC has the minimum impact on ambient air quality. There is no standard-exceeding occurrence under any condition. The Gonghe Interchange has the maximum daily average of 0.8 mg/m3. NO2 The applied standard is 0.08 mg/mr3. The maximum concentration is 0.04 mg/m3. Hence, the impact of NO2 on air quality is less. 52 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmenta Impact Assessment Table 4.2.3-4 Predicted Maximum Daily Average Concentration of CO (in winter) in 2010 Section Cmax Standard-exceeding Standard-exceeding Scope (mg/ml) times (Distance to road shoulder) Beiyi Road (1 - 1) 5.23 0.31 30 m north Lianhe Road (1-2) 5.08 0.27 15 m south Lianhe Road (1-3) 4.44 0.11 5 m south Nanwu Road (2-1) 5.59 0.40 10 m south Pangjiang Street(3-1) 4.53 0.13 15-40 m east Gonghe Interchange 5.22 0.31 15 m south, 5 m north Fangxing Square 3.68 - Tianguang Str. 1.31 - Shenzhou Rd. 1.07 - Sanjing Str. 0.77 - Zhulin Rd. 2.81 - Heilongjiang Str. 0.52 - Nanjingnan Str. 4.70 0.18 10-30 m east Standard 4.0 mg/m3 Figure 4.2.3-3 shows the concentration predictions of major pollutants of air quality along the road sections. 53 0.09/004 0.9/0.0 0.070.03 .06/0.04 oQ W cl .81/0.72 W~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r~. .21/0.08 1001..34.48/.213 7.02/2.81 9.02/3.61I 1.06/042 2.53/0.61 e1 C- a ________ 2~~~~~~~~~~~~~.0/.03/.300.92/0.02 'A ___ 0~~~.0/.0 .3 .60/0.0300900 0.02/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0.96/0.37 0.10/0.03 0.09/0.02~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 14.71/5. z (101~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 2.26/0. [j j~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0.10/0.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ =FIF 1:7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0.2010.08 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ hdavrae - E 0.48Ra/00/00 02/.0N2 i__hd20rae 0.02/0.01 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ LEGEND__ __ __5 0.34 0 99/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~E 17.205.0 with witilout~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment c) Impacts on Sensitive Receptors The principle showed in impact on sensitive receptor is similar with that of above. Prediction shows that NOx has more impact on these points than CO, while HC has the least. Figure 4.2.3-4 shows concentration predictions of major pollutant of air quality of sensitive receptor. (1) Peak Hour Concentrations on Sensitive Receptors Table 4.2.3-5 shows the peak hour concentrations on above sensitive receptors. It can concluded that the peak hour concentrations of NOx exceed standard on all sensitive receptors. Especially for Lifu Hospital, the NOx concentration exceeds standard under all kinds of meteorological conditions, and the maximum concentration exceeds by 3.83 times. The CO concentraitin exceeds standard by 0.119 time at Lifu Hospital, and under standard at other points. There is no standard-exceeding at all points for HC. Table 4.2.3-5 Peak Hour Maximum Concentration Prediction for Sensitive Rec eptors (mg/m3) NOx CO HC NO2 Sensitive Cmax Standard- Cmax Standard- Cmax Standard- Cmax Standard- points (mg/m3) exceeding times (mg/m') exceeding times (mgrmn) exceeding times (mg/m3) exceeding times Lifu Hospital 0.725 3.83 11.19 0.119 1.725 - 0.07 - Shenyang Railway 0.433 1.89 7.57 . 1.134 - 0.04 Branch _ _ __ _ Shenyang 0.384 1.56 6.59 - 0.988 - 0.04 - University _ I _ . West Yushan 0.304 1.03 4.59 - 0.703 - 0.03 - Apartment Daycarecenter 0.312 1.08 4.64 _ 0.713 - 0.03 - of CB__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ No. 107 Middle 0.364 1.43 5.99 - 0.906 - 0.04 - No. 148 liddle 0.200 0.33 3.19 - 0.480 - 0.02 - School I__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ No.32 Middle 0.490 2.30 8.31 - 1.270 - 0.05 - School _ _ Standard 0.15 1 0 3.00 = 0.12 (2) Daily Average Concentration on Sensitive Receptors Table 4.2.3-6 shows the daily average concentrations on the 6 sensitive receptors. It can seen that concentrations of NOx exceed standard at Lifu Hospital and Shenyang Railway Branch, and CO exceeds standard only at Lifu Hospital, while all HC and NO2 concentrations are under standard under all meteorological conditions. Table 4.2.3-6 Daily Average Concentration Prediction for Sensitive Recept rs (m/m3) NOx CO HC NO2 Sensitive Cmax Standard- Cmax Standard- Cmax Standard- Cmax Standard- points (mg/m3) exceeding (mg/m3)1 exceeding (mg/m) | exceeing (Mn) exceding .______________________ ______ times times times l times Lifu Hospital 0.303 2.030 4.450 0113 0.692 - 0.030 Shenyang Railway Branch 0.141 0.410 2.280 . 0.346 l - 0.010 l Shenyang University 0.062 - 0.960 l 0.146 0.010 l West Yushan Apartment 0.043 0610 l 0.094 l 0.004 l DaycarecenterofCB 0.056 0.6S0 0.110 0.006 I No. 107 Middle School 0.089 1.380 - 0.210 - 0.009 _ No. 148 Middle School 0.050 - 1.310 . 0.200 . 0.005 - No. 32 Middle School 0.140 0.400 2.910 l 0.450 l 0.010 | - standard 0.10 l 4.00 1.00 0.08 5 -5 HC___ 0.04___ 0.9910.15 0.83/0.12 Shn n i 310.30 0.01/0.002 0.0410.01 0.04/0.01 A/.0100/.1- au 0.36____0__ 09 I 6.00/1.38 4.96/1.10 C)~~~~~~~~~~O h/ hd(ve] F 0.31/0.060.5110.62CO0h/d 0/(15/0.10 _________________ 0.03/0.01 0.05/0.01 NO2 h/d0 06/0(03c0.12) uIt mg/i [7 7f \ scleo4u0 r~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.2.3.3 Impact Assessment of the Bus Repair Facility and Dadongmen Bus Terminal A bus repair facility and a bus terminal are proposed to be built in Shenyang. The proposed capacity of the bus repair facility is 1,000 buses, 1,200 engines and 1,200 chases annually. The major pollutant produced by the facility is benzene, methyl benzene and xylene caused by paint-spaying waste gas, HC, dust and SO2 came from boiler chimneys. The ground parking floor is used for buses and the floor underground is used for social parking. The capacity of the Bus Terminal in Dadongmen is 34 buses on the ground parking floor and 108 automobiles on the underground parking floor. (1) Impact on the B*s Repair Facility The pollution of the ambient air is mainly caused by the paint-spaying waste gas, engine test smoke and boiler smoke. The Bus Repair Facility is industrial pollution source. Table 4.2.3-7 is 2010 pollutant emission prediction of the Bus Repair Facility. Table 4.2.3-7 Pollution Emission Prediction of the Bus Repair Facility in 2010 pollutant hourly maximum concentration standard concentration applicable standard (mg/im3)_ _ (mg/ml) | benzene 0.02 T 2.40 TJ 36-79 xylene0.30 TSP |0.04 l 0.30 GB 3095-1996 I S02 0.11 T 0.50 Class II CO X 030 10.00 NOx 0.08 0.15 HC 0.04 3.00 DB-21-60-89 It shown in Table 4.2.3-7 that the hourly maximum concentrations of the pollutants are much lower than related standards. Therefore, the pollutant emission during operation will have little impact on the environment. (2) Impact on the Dadongmen Bus Terminal The pollution of the ambient air is mainly caused by the exhaust emission of the vehicle. Table 4.2.3-8 is 2010 pollution emission prediction of the Bus Terminal. It can be concluded that the daily average concentration of TSP, SO2 , NOx, CO and HC of Dadong Bus Terminal are respectively 1.63, 0.27,1.66, 1.54 and 2.29 times higher than the standards. Table 4.2.3-8 Pollution Emission Prediction of the Dadongmen Bus Terminal in 2010 (mg&m3) pollutant daily average houyavera e concentration standard concentration standard Apartment near TSP 0.790 0.30 Dadongmen SO2 0.191 0.15 0.321 0.5 Bus Terninal NOx 0.266 0.10 0.622 0.15 CO 6.145 4.00 9.265 10.00 HC 3.139 1.00 3.289 3.00 57 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.2.3.4 Analysis of Comparison With vs Without the Project MOBILE 5 is used to calculate the emission, based on the volume prediction. Then, CALINE 3 is used to produce daily average and hourly average for all pollutants with and without and project. The peak hour concentrations and daily average concentrations were predicted for all rbad sections based on with and without the project, under various meteorological conditions. Difference can be shown in the comparison of emission for the same sensitive receptor or road section with vs without the project. The contribution to the urban city with and without the project can be seen through comparison of the pollutant emission alone the road and the emission in the urban.city. a) Comparison of Pe ak Hour Concentrations The peak hour concentrations of NOx, CO and HC along Beijing Street to Huigong Square (1-2) and Nanwu Road (2-1) without the project will be higher than with. The concentrations of the pollutants along other road sections with the project will be higher than without. It can be summarised in Table 4.2.3-9 that the peak hour concentrations of HC and NO2 with/without the project are under the standard, the concentrations of NOx with/without exceed the standard, and the concentrations of CO with/without exceed the standard with a few exceptions (Beiyi Road without, 1-3 without). The prediction also shows that the ambient air quality along Nanwu Road (2-1) and Lianhe Road (1-2) is obviously improved with than without; the ambient air quality along other roads is deteriorated in some extent with than without. But from the view of the whole urban city, the pollutant load will decrease by the contribution of the project, especially the contribution of Beiyi Road. Table 4.2.3-9 PeakHour Concentrations With vs Withoutthe Project in 010(mg/m) Section CO NOx HC NO2 with without with without with without with without Beiyi Road (1-1) 12.23 3.73 0.80 0.26 1.89 0.57 0.08 0.03 Lianhe Road (1-2) 12.33 15.65 0.71 0.90 1.85 2.35 0.07 0.09 Lianhe Road (1-3) 11.18 9.26 0.65 0.56 1.68 1.40 0.07 0.06 Nanwu Road (2-1) 11.45 17.20 0.74 0.99 1.76 2.59 0.07 0.10 Pangjiang (3-1) 17.25 15.08 1.03 0.92 2.60 2.28 0.10 0.09 Gonghe Interchange 14.71 - 0.96 - 2.26 - 0.10 - Fangxing Square 15.71 13.84 1.11 0.99 2.44 2.16 0.11 0.10 Tianguang Str. 3.19 - 0.20 - 0.48 - 0.02 - Shenzhou Rd. 2.49 - 0.16 - 0.38 - 0.02 - Sanjing Str. 1.92 3.03 0.13 0.14 0.30 0.52 0.01 0.01 Zhulin Rd. 7.02 9.02 0.40 0.48 1.06 1.53 0.04 0.05 Heilongjiang Str. 1.31 1.81 0.09 0.09 0.21 0.34 0.01 0.01 Nanjingnan Str. 13.43 15.00 0.79 0.76 2.05 2.56 0.08 0.08 standard 10.0 0.15 3.00 0.12 58 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment b) Comparison of Daily Average Concentration The daily average concentrations of NOx, CO and HC along Beijing Street to Huigong Square(1-2 without the project will be higher than with. The concentrations of the pollutants along other road sections with the project will be higher than without. Table 4.2.3-10 shows the comparison of the daily average concentration of the pollutants with/without the project. It can be summarized that the daily average concentrations of NOx exceed the standard with and without the project, in which the concentration along road section 1-2 exceeds 3.0 times than the standard with the project and 4.1 times without, the daily average concentrations of HC with/without the project are under the standard with one exception (road section 1-2 without, 0.3 times of exceedance), the concentrations of CO with exceed the stbndard with a few exceptions(Pangjiang Street, Fangxing Square), the concentrations of CO without are under the standard with a few exception(Lianhe Road, 1.18 times of exceedance, Nanwu Road). All NO2 readings are under the standard with and without the project. It can be concluded that the project implementation will help improve the daily average concentrations of air quality in the urban city. Table 4.2.3-10 Daily Average Concentrations With vs Without the Project i 2010 (mg/m3) Section CO NOx HC NO2 wiith without with without with without with vithout Beiyi Road (1-1) 5.23 1.34 0.38 0.10 0.80 0.21 0.04 0.01 Lianhe Road (1-2) 6.50 8.73 0.40 0.51 0.79 1.31 0.04 0.05 Lianhe Road (1-3) 4.44 3.74 0.28 0.24 0.68 0.57 0.03 0.02 Nanwu Road (2-1) 5.59 5.05 0.34 0.31 0.80 0.76 0.03 0.03 Pangijang (3-1) 3.89 3.36 0.25 0.22 0.59 0.51 0.03 0.02 Gonghe Interchange 5.22 - 0.37 - 0.81 - 0.04 - Fangxing Square 3.68 3.19 0.28 0.25 0.58 0.51 0.03 0.03 Tianguang Str. 4.02 1.24 0.28 0.10 0.31 0.21 0.01 - Shefizhou Rd. 5.18 1.29 0.27 0.15 0.37 0.24 0.01 - Sanjing Str. 4.89 2.36 0.29 0.20 0.61 0.37 0.01 0.01 Zhulin Rd. 5.05 3.75 0.30 0.22 0.52 0.40 0.02 0.02 Heilon giang Str. 5.20 3.04 0.32 0.20 0.44 0.26 0.01 0.01 Nanjingnan Str. 5.90 3.19 0.33 0.25 0.69 0.45 0.02 0.02 standard 4.00 0.10 1.00 0.08 c) Comparison of Main Sensitive Receptors With and Without the Project (1) Peak Hour Concentration Comparison The peak hour concentrations on all sensitive receptors are predicted based on with and without the project, and the results are shown in Table 4.2.3-11. It can be seen that most of the sensitive receptors have a higher peak hour value with the project than without, except West Yushan Apartment and the Day care center of CB. 59 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.2.3-11 Peak Hour Concentrations for Sensitive Receptors With vs Without the Project in 2010 mglm3 Section CO NOx HC NO2 with without with without with without with without Lifu Hospital 11.20 6.04 0.73 0.004 1.73 0.01 0.07 0.00 Shenyang Railway Branch 7.57 6.34 0.43 0.38 1.13 0.95 0.04 0.04 Shenyang University 6.59 5.51 0.38 0.33 0.99 0.83 0.04 0.03 West Yushan Apartment 4.60 9.38 0.30 0.56 0.70 1.42 0.03 0.06 Day care center of CB 4.64 8.33 0.31 0.51 0.71 1.24 0.03 0.05 No. 107 Middle School 6.00 4.96 0.36 0.31 0.91 0.75 0.04 0.03 No. 148 Middle School 3.19 - 0.20 - 0.48 - 0.02 - No. 32 Middle School 8.31 9.28 1.49 0.47 1.27 1.58 0.05 0.05 standard 10.00 0.15 3.00 0.12 A (2) Daily Average Concentration Comparison The daily average NOx concentrations on all sensitive receptors are predicted based on with and without the project, and the results are shown in Table 4.2.3-12. It can be seen that most of the sensitive receptors have a higher daily average NOx value with the project than without, except West Yushan Apartment and the Day care center of CB. Table 4.2.3-12 Daily Average Concentrations for Sensitive Receptors With vs Without the Project in 2010 Section CO NOx HC NO2 with without with without with without with without Lifu Hospital 4.45 0.02 0.30 0.002 0.69 0.004 0.03 0.00 Shenyang Railway Branch 2.28 1.97 0.04 0.12 0.35 0.30 0.01 0.01 Shenyang University 0.96 0.80 0.06 0.05 0.15 0.12 0.01 0.01 West Yushan Apartmnent 0.61 1.22 0.04 0.08 0.09 0.19 0.01 0.01 Day care center of CB 0.68 1.03 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.16 0.01 0.01 No. 107 Middle School 1.38 1.15 0.09 0.08 0.21 0.18 0.01 0.01 No. 148 Middle School 1.31 - 0.05 - 0.20 - 0.01 - No. 32 Middle School 2.91 0 3.25 0.14 0 0.13 0.45 0.56 0.01 0.01 standard 4.00 0. 1.00 0.08 d) Pollution Emission Comparison With vs Without The MOBILE 5 model was also used to predict the pollution emission in 2010 without the project (Table 4.2.3-13). Compared with Table 4.2.2-3 (Peak hour emission and non-peak hour emission in the winter and summer of 2010), it can be concluded that both the peak hour and non-peak hour emissions with the project are higher than without. The peak hour emission of NOx, CO and HC with the project are 1.37, 1.25 and 1.24 times that of without respectively, and non-peak hour emission of NOx, CO and HC with the project are 1.49, 1.22 and 1.49 times that of without respectively. However, the emissions with the project of Nanwu Road, Sanjing Street, Zhulin Road, Nanjingnan Street and Helongjiang Street are higher than those of without. This comparison is also shown in Figure 4.2.3-5. 60 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 4.2.3-Sa Polutant Emission with/without in Peak Hour 3000 '_ _ 1 000 J _1 winter summer Fi6tre 4.2.3-5b Pollutant Emission with/without in Non-peak Hour 5000 4000 - - 3000K 2000t"L- 1 I1000 I 0 I~~~Cne.EICM& aIC D ftI ,Kb out witb without winter summer 61 Table 4.2.3-13 Pollution Emission Without the Project in 2010 Unit: kgi'h 1. Winter Sume Peak Hour ________ Non-pea Hour Peak Hour ________ Non-pea Hour HC CO NOx NO,~ HC CO NOxI NO, HC Co NOx NO, HC CO NOx IN02 Beiyi Rd. with 132.03 827.47 60.06 6.01 82.40 509.19 39.661 3.97 59.07 438.94 44.22 4.42 36.95 270.11 29.31 2.9 (1-1) without 43.16 250.54 23.40 2.34 35.47 199.63 20.301 2.03 19.02 129.65 16.94 :1.69 15.49 101.90 14.56 -1.46 Lianhle Rd. with 218.44 1451.16 85.97 8.60 135.75 893.00 56.681 5.67 99.59 788.71 65.42 654 61.91 484.98 42.99 4.30 (1-2) without 167.33 1107.34 67.12 6.71 105.51 693.64 44.26 4.43 76.36, 602.49 51.06, 5.11 48.19 377.19 33.65 3.37 Lianhe Rd. with 93.33 618.26, 37.43 3.74 57.93 379.31 24.72 2.47 42.54 336.06 28.44 2.84, 26.44 206.21, 18.76 1.88 71 (1-3) without 74.02 487.79 30.55 3.06 46.191 301.57 20.15 2.02 33.76 265.05 23.20 2.32 21.11 163.85 15.32 1.53 ~ Nanwu Rd. with 167.32 1026.12 80.74 8.07 104.001 627.61 53.38 5.34 74.61 541.99 59.15 5.92 46.59 331.64 38.99 3.90 (2-1) without 1181.53 1204.56 71.37 7.14 114.09 751.85 47.01 4.70 82.79 655.50 54.28 5.43 52.01 408.42 35.75 3.58 Pangigiang Str. with 81.01 535.87 32.73 3.27 50.67 331.90 21.551 2.16 36.94 291.361 24.89 2.49 23.09 180.45 16.39 1.64 (3-1) without 69.50 458.46 28.60 2.86 43.33 282.56 18.881 1.89 31.73 249.26 21.74 2.17 19.76 153.57 14.34 1.43 Fangxing with 19.45 120.471 9.44 0.94 12.10 73.76 6.23 0.62 8.75 64.25 6.98 0.70 5.45 39.30 4.60, 0.46 Square withoutl 172-1 106.04 8.49 0.85 10.68 64.69 5.61 0.56 7.74 56.52 6.28 0.63 4.81 34.48 4.13 0.41 Gonghe with 52.67 325.55 25.01 2.50 32.80 199.75 16.48 1.65 23.58 172.83 18.37 1.84 14.72 106.17 12.12 1.21 Interchange without- - - - - - - - - - I - - - - Sanjing with 16.18 104.74 7.36 0.74 9.03 57.58 4.40 0.44 7.41 57.39 5.59 0.56 4.34 31.17 3.34 0.33 Str. without 29.33 171.00 8.14 0.81 17.60 102.65 4.89, 0.49 12.31 86.45 6.20 0.62, 7.39 51.89 3.72 0.37 Shenzhoui with 13.04 85.49, 5.53 0.55 7.29 47.20 3.321 0.33 5.94 46.42 4.20 0.42 3.33 25.62 2.52 0.25 Str. without - - I - - I - - - - - - - - - Tianguang with 16.37 107.691 6.82 0.68 9.11 59.14 4.08 0.41 7.47 58.61 5.18 0.52 4.17 32.17 3.10 0.31 Str. without , - - I - - - - I -- - - - - --- Zhulin with 1 32.36 215.471 12.29 1.23 18.33 121.29 7.37 0.74 14.74 117.19 9.35 0.94 8.37 65.96 5.60 0.56. Rd. without 47.35 278.68 14.90 1.49 28.41 167.19 8.94 0.89 19.95 140.72 11.34 1.13, 11.97 84.43 6.80 0.68 Nanjingnan with 75.66 499.87 28.99 2.901 44.49 295.71 17.32 1,73. 34.59 273.24 22.10 2.21 20.29 161.11 13.20 1.32 Str. without 1057.68 631.05 31.95 3.20 64.61 378.64 19.17, 1.92 45.29 318.99 24.34 2.43 27.17 191.40' 14.60 1.46 Helongjiang with 4.75 30.33 2.33 0.23 2.64 16.61 1.39 0.14 2.18 16.49 1.77 0.18 1.22 9.03 1.05 0.11 Str. without 8.04, 44.46 2.23 0.22 4.81 28.11 1.33 0.13 3.371 23.71 1.69 0.17 2.02 14.21, 1.02 0.1 L- Total w~ ith 19722.611 5-948.491 394.70 39.46 566.54 3612.05 256.58 25.66 417.411 3103.481 295.66 29.58 256,87 1944.01 191.97, 19. 2 ______ without I_745.151 4739.921 286.75, 28.68 427.37, 2970.53 171.66 17.17 332.321 2528.341 217.071 21.71,299 1581.341 143.391 14.341 El Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.2.3.5 Air Quality Comparison with vs without the Project in Shenyang Urban City in 2010 a) 2010 Exhaust Emission With/Without the Project Compared with Total MV Emission in Shenyang According to the vehicle development prediction in the feasibility study report, the total amount of MV will reach 354,000 by the year of 2010, with an annual increase of 6.0%. The total MV trips in 2010 will be 1.25 million, with an annual increase of 6.3%. Based on Shenyang Environmental Quality Report in 1995, the annual average increase rate of pollutant emission of MV in Shenyang is 16. 1% . By the end of 1995, the annual emission of CO was 80,021 tohs, NOx 17,442 tons, and HC 15,507 tons. If the average increase rate remains 16.0%, the-kannual emissions of CO, NOx and HC will respectively 111,816 tons, 23,919 tons, and 21,451 tons by the year 2010. Table 4.2.3-14 (Figure 4.2.3-6) shows the comparison of exhaust emission (with/without the project) with total MV emission in Shenyang. It is obvious that emission in the project corridor with the project is higher than without, indicating more impact on road sides will be introduced due to the project. But from the view of the whole city, increase of emission in the project road means decrease of emission in other areas. In fact, with the project, the MV emission in urban center is lower than without. For instance, the emission of CO will decrease by 31.1%, HC by 45.8% and NOx by 49.6%. It can be concluded that the project will lead to improvement of air quality in the city center, hence is feasible. Table 4.2.3-14 Exhaust Emission With/Without the Project Compared with Total MV Emission in Shenyang Unit: tons/year Pollutant HC CO NOx NO2 Total emission of the city 10695.9 55754.7 11926.8 1192.7 With Emission 884.7 6047.2 489.0 48.9 % of total emission 8.3 10.8 4.1 4.1 Residual emission 9811.2 49707.5 11437.8 1143.8 , Without Emission 693.3 4954.0 343.7 34.4 % of total emission 6.5 8.9 2.9 2.9 _Residual emission 10002.6 50800.7 11583.1 1158.3 Figure 4.2.3-6 2010 Pollutant Emission (With/Without) of MV in Shenyang Urban City 60000 - <4 40000 20000 - _ _ .'-CO NW- O . K .3I S S S 1 Total Emission With Without 63 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment b) Comparison of Air Quality for Typical Road Sections with/without the Project in Shenyang Urban City in 2010 Beier Road is selected as typical road section for the comparison. It indicated in Table 4.2.3- 15 that CO hourly average concentration with the project is 0.9 mg/mr3 less than without, NOx with is 0.1 mg/m3 less than without, and HC with is 0.6 mg/m3 less than without; CO daily average concentration with the project is 0.3 mg/m3 less than without, NOx with is 0.04 mg/m3 less than without, and HC with is 0.19 mg/m3 less than without. It can be concluded that the proposed roads will attract more traffic after implementation, thus, the air quality in urban city will be improved due to less traffic volume. Table 4.2.3-15 2010 Maximum Concentration with vs without the Project in Beier Road in Winter Peak Hour Non-peak Hour with/without wihwithout Cmax(mg/m3) Standard-exceedance Times Cmax(mg/m') Standard-exceedance Times CO 10.10/11.00 0.01/0.1 3.36/3.67 HC 1.30/1.85 0.43/0.62 NOx 0.53/0.62 2.53/3.13 0.17/0.21 0.7/1.1 NO2 0.05/0.06 0.02/0.02 4.2.4 Mitigation 4.2.4.1 Construction Phase The mitigation measures during construction phase mainly deal with dust of construction sites and transportation route, and exhaust emission of construction vehicles. a) Dust * The construction will be well scheduled. When the wind is higher than 6 level, the construction caused dust will be prohibit. * The demolished construction materials will be transported to proper site in a day. Any dusty materials will be transported to the construction site when available and can not be stored. * Construction sections of interchanges and viaduct will also be enclosed with magenisite slab or plastic fibre of 2-3 m height. Meanwhile, construction material (such as lime, sand) will be stored in temporary workshops or covered by canvas. * When the wind is higher than 3 level, water will be sprayed once a hour within construction sites in windy spring and fall to avoid dust pollution. * Transport trucks with loose materials will be covered with canvas. * When on-site cast of concrete is necessary for some structure, such as the foundations of the viaduct in Nanwu Road, the concrete will not be mixed in the construction site and must be transported from the concrete mix station in the plant outside the urban center. b) Exhaust of Construction Vehicles * Construction machinery will be properly operated, maintained and repaired to reduce exhaust emission. 64 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment * The route of the truck will be rationally arrange to be far away the sensitive receptors. c) Environmental Monitoring Environmental monitoring during construction phase will focus on dust and exhaust emission of construction vehicles. The monitoring will be carried out one time in summer by Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center. The monitored factors include TSP, NOx, CO and HC. The sampling points for TSP are located near the construction sections and transportation routes. 4.2.4.2 Operation Phase The implementatioh of the Subproject will result in increased traffic and motor vehicle emissions, leading to deterioration of air quality along the project roads. Over the long terrn, the benefit brought by the project on air quality from a city perspective will be offset by the expanded motor vehicle fleet. Therefore, the mitigation of the long term project impacts on air quality, and, ultimately, sustained improvement of air quality in the city call for a motor vehicle emission control strategy. A technical assistance is therefore needed for necessary and appropriate technical and financial resources. Shenyang Project Office is mainly responsible for developing this strategy with the other two project cities and related provincial agencies before Dec. 2001, and Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau is mainly responsible for the implementation of the strategy since Dec. 2002. The total input for the development of the strategy will be estimated as 40 man-months of local consultants and 15 man-months of out- of-province consultants. The cost estimate of the strategy is about 150,000 USD. About 400,000 Yuan RMB will be input by Shenyang. Details are presented in Annex B: Outline of Technical Assistance for Development of Motor Vehicle Emission Control Strategy. Specific mitigation measures in operation phase are as follows: a) Promotion of Public Transportation and Separation of MVs and NMVs Two bus routes and four bus-only lanes will be newly developed during the operation phase of the project. Comfortable, convenient buses will attract more passengers to reduce the percentage of automobile trip on street. Therefore, the exhaust emission of MVs will be reduced. Green barriers will be built respectively 3 m, 7 m for Beiyi Road and Lianhe Road. Pangjiang Street and Nanwu Road will have two green barriers on each side of the road to separate MVs and NMVs with respectively 3 m and 2 m after the implementation. The green barriers will reduce the dust and beauty the environment along the roads. b)-Use of Clean Fuel and Unleaded Gasoline It is indicated in the Environmental Protection Program for the Ninth-Five Year and Planning for 2010 of Shenyang City that, it is greatly encouraged to develop high heat-value gas sources during the next five years, and some projects (such as Coal Gas Project in West Shenyang, Hushitai Coal Gas Project, phase I of Shenyang Light Oil Gas Company) will be implemented. 65 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Using Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as fuel for public buses has been tested in Shenyang since 1977. It is expected that under the effort of municipal government, more than 50% of public buses and taxis will use clean fuel (LPG and natural gas) by 2010. In this case, CO emitted by vehicles will be reduced by 97%, HC by 72% and NOx by 39%. According to order of Shenyang Municipal Government ( No. 85 [1997]), leaded gasoline will be prohibited since Nov. 1, 1998 in Shenyang. Meanwhile, SEPA has developed related regulation to reduce the price of unleaded gasoline and increase that of leaded gasoline, which can help change users behaviours. Therefore, lead emission from vehicle exhaust is expected to be eliminated. c) Vehicle lnspection and Maintenance Program -A The current vehicle inspection and maintenance program in Shenyang can not meet the requirement of the vehicle increase in the future. Thus, a Bus Repair Facility, developed as one action of the project, is to improve the program. The capacity of the facility will be 1,000 vehicles of major repair after implementation and 1,324 vehicles in 2010 annually. New regulation of inspection of exhaust emission for MVs is under development by the Municipal Government. The MVs will not only be inspected annually but also exhaust emission inspection twice a year conducted by Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center. The MVs failed inspection will not be prohibited to travel. d) Use of Exhaust Cleaning Facility Since 1995, large amount of investment has been input on the research of high-quality exhaust cleaning facility nation-wide. It is indicated in the Environmental Protection Program for the Ninth-Five Year and Planning for 2010 of Shenyang City that by 2010, more than 50% MV in Shenyang will install effective cleaning facilities, which could reduce CO and HC by 70%, and reduce NOx by 50%". This program will be implemented together with the annual inspection and registration procedure, based on cooperation of EPB and Public Security Bureau. The facility will be paid by the vehicle owner. e) Eliminate Old Vehicles Based on investigation, the emission of old vehicles in Shenyang makes up to 20-25% of the total MV emission. Therefore, these old vehicles must be eliminated by the year of 2001. f) Environmental Quality Monitoring The environmental monitoring program is necessary, to ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures and respond to environmental issues. The monitoring will be carried out once a year during construction phase and twice a year (winter and summer, 7 days each time) during operation phase by Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center. Nine sampling locations were selected in Lifu Hospital, Shenyang University, South Yushan Apartment, No. 107 Middle School, No. 32 Middle School, No. 148 Middle School, the Bus Repair Facility, Dadong Bus Terminal (Figure 5.2.1-1: construction phase; Figure 5.2.1-2: operation phase). The factors of NOx, CO, HC, SO2 66 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment TSP, and B(a)P will be monitored in terms of hourly average and daily average concentrations. 4.2.5 Residual Impact 4.2.5.1 Construction Phase Mitigation measures mentioned in 4.2.4.1 will be adopted, and the impact of dust and construction vehicle emission will be reduced to minimum level. Some sensitive rec.eptors, such as Lifu Hospital, will be impacted by dust in some extent after mitigation. A 4.2.5.2 Operation Phase Due to the adoption of mitigation measures, the CO emission of MV in project corridor will decrease to 1,246.7 kg/h (by 46.1%), NOx decrease to 125.6 kg/h (by 34.1%) and HC to 175.7 kg/h (48.9%). This is shown in Table 4.2.5-1, and illustrated in Figure 4.2.5-1. Table 4.2.5-1 Environmental Benefits of Mitigatfon Measures Mitigation Pollutant Reduction (kg/hr) Reduction Percentage (%) Cleaning facility NOx 46.4 24.3 CO 791.1 34.3 HC 117.8 34.2 Clean fuels NOx 9.3 4.9 CO 158.2 6.9 HC 33.7 9.8 Total NOx 55.7 29.2 CO 949.3 41.2 HC 151.5 44.0 Figure 4.2.5-1 Exhaust Emission of MVs before and after Mitigation 2500 2000- 1500 7 l~ ~ Total emission l15°000- [_ Residual emission 500 EJ Reduction 67 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.3 Noise and Vibration 4.3.1 Methodology 4.3.1.1Traffic Noise Prediction US FHWA Model, a model of non-continuous linear source, is used for the traffic noise prediction. The final prediction is modified based on current traffic and related analogical analysis. Parameters in the model are determined as follows: * Proportion of vehicle type, traffic volume and speed: these parameters are shown in 2.4.2 in this report. * Road roughness Aodification: the traffic volume is not modified for the prediction, because the proposed road surface will be asphalt concrete. * Road vertical slope modification: the modification value is +2 dB, because the maximum vertical slope of the proposed roads is 3.0-3.5%. * Noise attenuating modification: 0-10 dB is used as noise attenuating modification based on different cases (e.g. 3 dB for 40-60% building obstruction; 5 dB for 70-90%). * Height of noise source: the average height of noise source is 1.0 m. The other parameters, such as modification of road structure, are subject to Appendix El- El.1 and E1.2 of JLT 005-96 (Environmental Impact Proposed Specification of National Highway Construction Project, Jan. 1 1997). Because the model is only available for noise prediction in open field, the modification of noise source height due to high buildings is not considered. An analogical analysis was carried out for high buildings and resulted in a necessary building mixed noise and road pavement reflection noise. In the analogical analysis, a 18-floor high building was selected. Noise levels were monitored for every floor and compared with the predicted noise levels by the model. The difference between the levels are used as modification. Therefore, a modification was made. Detailed modification values for noise prediction of high buildings are shown in Table 4.3.1-1. Table 4.3.1-1 Modification of Noise Source Height due to High Buildings (dB) Floor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 15 18 Height 1.5 5.1 8.7 11.5 14.7 17.1 19.9 22.7 28.3 42.3 50.7 (m) Modification for 0 +0.1 +0.4 +0.9 +1.5 +2.7 +4.2 +2.9 +2.2 +2.1 +2.1 surface road _ Modification for -2.0 -1.4 -0.7 +1.3 +4.0 +4.8 +4.1 +3.9 +3.8 +3.6 +3.3 viaduct The model is used to predict the traffic noise level and environmental noise level during peak hour. The traffic volume in night-time is assumed as 1/8 of the daily average traffic volume. The prediction includes noise levels along the roads and sensitive receptors with and without the project during day-time (6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.) and night-time (10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.). 68 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.3.1.2 Vibration Prediction An analogical analysis, similar to the analysis of noise height modification, is used for vibration prediction. Vibration monitoring sites were selected along existing roads (at grade and elevated). The vibration level and the traffic volume were listed to show the change principle of vibration. The analysis results are used for determination of vibration level prediction. 4.3.2 Noise Source Inventory Noise Source Inventory of Construction Equipment Numerous types of machinery are used or road construction. Based on the information provided by SPO, following equipment will be used for the project (Table 4.3.2-1). Because the concrete and asphalt concrete used for the construction are produced in suburbs of the city, no concrete-making machinery is listed. Table 4.3.2-1 Construction Equipment Noise Levels No. Equipment Observation Point to Source (m) Lmax dB(A) 1 Wheeled loader 5 89 2 Vibration pavement roller 5 86 3 Wheeled pavement roller 5 76 4 Bulldozer 5 86 5 Wheeled excavator 5 84 6 Wheeled paver 5 87 7 Impact drill 1 87 8 Concrete vibrator 5 90 Vehicular Noise Sources during Operation Phase Noise levels of vehicles at 15 m are listed in Table 4.3.2-2. Table 4.3.2-2 Leq values for Various Types of Vehicles Vehicle Category Viaduct (80 km/hr) Surface Road (60 km/hr) Source Height (m) Light-duty vehicle 77.2 72.9 0.6 Medium-duty vehicle 76.9 72.5 1.0 Heavy-duty vehicle 83.9 77.9 1.0 Note: The distance to noise source is 15.0 m. 43.3 Noise Impact Analysis 4.3.3.1 Construction Phase Table 4.3.3-1 provides noise levels of construction machinery at certain distances based on the source levels in Table 4.3.2-1. Within 50 m of the construction site, although the noise levels of all construction machinery listed in the table are under the standard in day-time, only the noise level of impact drill is under the standard in night-time. However, based on the 69 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment national regulation, noisy construction will be prohibit in the area of noise sensitive building in night-time. Meanwhile, the impact time will be 1-2 weeks due to construction schedule. Table 4.3.3-1 Predicted Noise Levels of Construction Machinery No. Equipment Noise Prediction Standard Exceed Standard ,_ Ł - -(dB) (dB) (dB), 50m 5m lorn 20m 40m 50m D Night Day Night 1 Wheeled loader 89 83 77 71 69 75 55 No 14 2 Vibration pavement roller 86 80 74 68 66 No I1 3 Wheeled pavement roller 76 70 64 58 56 No 4 Bulldozer 86 80 74 68 66 No 11 5 Wheeled excavator 84 78 72 66 64 No 9 6 Wheeled paver 87 81 75 69 67 No 12 7 Impact drill _ 67 61 55 53 No No 8 Concrete vibrator 90 84 78 72 70 No 15 4.3.3.2 Operation Phase Scope of Exceedance of Standard Based on the results of traffic volume and speed (see 2.4.2 of this report), the scope of the standard-exceedance (with/without the project) is listed in Table 4.3.3-2. It shows in the table that the scope of standard-exceedance for the elevated road with the project in day-time is 50- 100 m and more than 100 m in night-time; and the scope without in day-time is 20-50 m and 70-100 m in night-time. The scope for the surface road with the project in day-time is 5-80 m and 10-200 m in night-time; and the scope without in day-time is 10 m ad 5-80 m in night- time. 70 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.3.3-2 The Scope of Exceedance of Standard (noise level in day-time>70 dB, night-time>55 dB) Distance to the Redline of the Road (m) Road Section orientation With Without Day Night Day Night Nanwu AigongStr.-Shengli Str. South 70* >100 40 >100 Rd. North 100 >100 50 >100 Shengli Str.-Heping Str. South 60 >100 20 80 North 60 >100 20 80 Heping Str.-Fangxing Square South 50 >100 20 70 North 70 >100 50 100 Pangjiang Xiaoheyan Rd.-Dadong Rd. East 20 80 10 80 Str. West 20 80 10 80 Dadong Rd.-Shanlin Rd. East 10 70 10 60 _________ ________________________ W est 10 70 10 60 Beiyi Baogong Str.-Songgong Str. South 20 80 10 50 Rd. North 20 80 10 50 Songgong Str.-Shengli Str. South 80 200 North 80 200 Lianhe Shengli Str.-Huashan Rd. South 20 80 10 30 Rd. North 20 80 10 30 Sanjing Zhongshan Rd.-Jiuwei Rd. West 10 30 10 Str. East 10 30 5 Jiuwei Rd.-Shiyiwei Rd. West 10 20 5 East 10 20 _ 5 Shiyiwei Rd.-Shisanwei Rd. West 10 30 10 East 10 30 10 Shisanwei Rd.-Binhe Rd. West 10 10 0 East 5 10 0 Shenzhou Xishuncheng Str.-Daxi Rd. South 10 30 Rd. North 10 30 Tianguang Shenzhou Rd.-Shisanwei Rd. West 10 40 Str. East 10 40 Shisanwei Rd.-Shuntong Rd. West 10 40 East 10 40 Zhulin Jinqiao Rd.-Biancheng Rd. South 20 50 10 50 Rd. North 20 50 10 50 Biancheng Rd.-Shenhai Interchange South 20 70 10 50 North 20 70 10 50 Nanjingnan Nanba Rd.-Shayang Rd. West 20 70 10 50 Str. East 30 70 10 50 Shayang Rd.-Dati Rd. West 30 100 10 70 East 30 100 10 70 Helongjiang Chongshan Rd.-Ningshan Rd. West 0 10 Str. . East 0 10 Ningshan Rd.-Qishan Rd. West 5 20 5 East 5 20 5 i Qishan Rd.-Kunshan Rd. West 0 10 _ East 0 10 Note: This means that the noise levels wvithin 70 m exceed the standard. Vertical Distribution of Noise Level The vertical distribution of noise level (5 m away the road shoulder, 50 m height ) is presented in Table 4.3.3-3 and Table 4.3.3-4. It can be summarized that all noise level under 50 m (vertical) with/without the project in day-time and night-time exceed the standards, in 71 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment which, the maximum exceedance of standard with the project in day-time is 15.7 dB and the maximum with the project in night-time is 20.1 dB; and the maximum exceedance of standard without in day-time is 12.1 dB and the maximum without in night-time is 17.0 dB. The noise impact is most serious along Nanwu Road and the impact is less along Beiyi Road and Pangjiang Street. Based on the view of vertical distribution, the noise level is highest on 14.3 to 22.7 m (five floor to eight floor). In the view of vertical distribution of noise level, the noise levels of the fifth to eighth floor (14.3 m-22.7 m height) are highest among the predictions. Table 4.3.3-5 shows the maximum and standard-exceedance of noise levels within 50 m height. Table 4.3.3-6 and Table 4.3.3-7 present the noise levels of ser.itive receptors. Vertical distribution 6f noise level (5 m away the road shoulder) with/without the project in 2010 shows in Figure 4.3.3-1 and Figure 4.3.3-2. Figure 4.3.3-la Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections with Project in Day-time 13 I- 9 5 3 65 70 75 80 85 90 dB Figure 4.3.3-lb Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections with Project in Night-time 17 - 15 13 - - - s 60 6s 70I58 727.. 7 5 Y 3 Ab 55 60 65 70 75 80 dB 72 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - ShenYang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 4.3.3-2a Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections vithout Project in Day-time 16 Ł 13 7 60 65 70 75 80 85 dB Figure 4.3.3-2b Vertical Distribution of Noise Levels for the Road Sections without Project in Day-time i7, =' >S7A 3A.; .- 1 5 7 - 3 50 55 60 65 70 75 dB 1-1: Beiyi Road; 1-2: LianheRoad; 1-3: Lianhe Road; 2-1: NanwuRoad; 3-1: Pangjiang Street; a: Sanjing Street; b: Shenzhou Road; c: Tianguang Street; d: zhulin Road: e: Nanjingnan Street; f: Heilongjiang Street. 73 Table 4.3.3-3 Vertical Distribution of Noise Level (2010, 5 m a ay the road shoulder) with the Project, unit: d(B) day-time night-time r floor height Beiyi Rd. Lianhe Rd. Lianhe Rd. Nanwu Rd. Pangjiang Str. Beiyi Rd. Lianhe Rd. Lianhe Rd. Nanwu Rd. Pangjiang Str. ' (I~) " 12 (1-3) (2-1) 13-1) (1-1) (1-2) (1-3) (2-1) (3-1) e (m) south north south north south north south north south north south north south north south north south north south north of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of road road road road road road road road road road road road road road road road road road road road C 1 1.5 78.2 78.5 76.1 79.8 77.9 78.2 78.5 78.7 77.1 77.0 68.2 69.6 65.9 69.6 67.6 68.0 67.9 68.1 66.8 66.7 h 3 8.7 78.5 78.7 76.6 79.7 78.2 78.5 79.8 80.1 77.5 77.4 68.4 68.2 66.4 69.5 68.0 68.3 69.3 69.5 67.2 67.1 4 11.5 78.7 _78.9 77.0 79.7 78.5 78.7 82.3 82.7 77.8 77.7 68.7 68.4 66.8 69.8 68.3 68.5 71.7 72.1 67.5 67.5 X 5 14.3 79.0 79.2 77.5 79.9 78.9 79.1 85.2 85.2 78.1 78.1 68.9 68.7 67.3 69.7 68.6 68.9 74.6 74.6 67.9 67.8 : 6 17.1 79.9 80.1 78.6 80.7 79.8 80.0 85.7 85.7 79.1 79.0 69.8 69.6 68.3 70.5 69.6 69.8 75.1 75.1 68.9 68.8 X 8 22.7 79.5 79.6 78.2 80.1 79.4 79.6 84.3 84.4 78.8 78.7 69.4 69.2 68.2 69.9 69.2 69.4 73.7 73.8 68.6 68.5 g* 10 28.3 78.2 78.3 77.3 78.7 78.2 78.3 83.7 83.7 77.6 77.5 68.0 67.9 67.1 68.5 68.0 68.1 73.1 73.1 67A 67.3 ; 15 42.3 76.7 76.8 76.3 77.2 76.9 77.0 82.1 82.1 76.3 76.3 66.5 66.5 66.0 66.9 66.7 66.8 71.5 71.5 66.1 66.1 . 18 50.7 76.0 76.1 75.7 76.4 76.276.3 81.0 81.1 75.7 75.7 65.8 65.8 65.5 66.2 66.0 66.1 70.4 70 65.5 65.4 road section Xinggong Str. Huigong Square Xiaobeiguan Shengli Str. - Binhe Rd. - Xinggong Str. Huigong Square Xiaobeiguan Shengli Str. - Binhe Rd. - - Songgong Str. - Xiaobeiguan Str. - Bawangsi Nanjing Str. Dadong Rd. - Songgong Str. - Xiaobeiguan Str. - Bawangsi Nanjing Str. Dadong Rd. Sir. Str. Str. Str. Table 4.3.34 Vertical Distribution of Noise Level (2010,5 m away the road shoulder) without the Project, unit: d(B) .___________ ____________ day-time night-time floor height Beiyi Rd. Lianhe Rd. Lianhe Rd. Nanwu Rd. Pangjiang Str. Beiyi Rd. Lianhe Rd. Lianhe Rd. Nanwu Rd. Pangjiang Str. (I-1) (I-2) (1-3) (2-1) (3 -) (1-1) (1-2) (1-3) (2-1) (3-1) (m) south north south north south north south north south north south north south north south north south north south north of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of road road road road road road road |road road road road road road road road road road road road road 1 1.5 66.0 65.7 76.6 80.1 77.5 77.7 76.6 76.4 76.6 76.6 56.7 56.8 66.2 69.8 67.3 67.5 66.4 66.2 66.4 66.4 3 8.7 66.2 66.0 77.1 80.0 77.8 78.0 7l 77.5 72 77. 57 571 66 69.7 67.6 67 67.5 67.3 66.9 66.9 4 11.5 66.6 |66.3 77.5 |80.1 78.1 78.3 79A 79.3 775 |775 57.3 57.4 67.2 69.8 67.9 68.0 69.2 69.1 67.3 67.3 5 14.3 66.9 166.8 77.9 80.2 78.4 7S.6 81.8 81.7 77.8 77.7 57.6 57.8 67.6 70.0 68.21 68.4 71.6 71.4 67.5 67.5 r 6 17.1 67.8 67.7 79.0 81.0 79.4 79.5 82.2 82.1 79.0 78.9 58.9 59.7 68.7 70.7 69.2 69.3 72.0 71.9 68.7 68.7 8 22.7 64.4 67.4 78.8 80.4 79.0 79.1 80.6 80.6 79.2 79.1 58.2 58.3 68.5 70.2 68.8 68.9 70.4 70.4 68.9 68.9 a t0 28.3 66.2 66.1 77.7 79.0 77.8 77.9 79.9 79.9 77.6 77.6 56.9 57.0 67.5 68.8 67.6 67.7 69.7 69.7 67.4 67.4 15 42.3 64.9 64.8 77.6 77.5 76.4 76.5 78.3 78.3 76.4 76.4 55.6 55.7 68.4 67.2 66.2 66.3 68.1 1 68.1 66.2 66.2 a 18 50.7 64.3 64.3 76.1 176.8 75.8 75.8 77.3 77.3 75.4 75.4 55.0 55.0 65.8 66.5 65.6 65.6 67.1 65.2 65.2 road section Xinggong Str. Huigong Xiaobeiguan Shengli Str. - Binhe Rd. - Xinggong Str. Huigong Square Xiaobeiguan Shengli Str. - B3inhe Rd. - -Songgong Str. Square - Str. - Bawangsi Nanjing Str. Dadong Rd. -Songgong Str. - Xiaobeiguan Str. - Bawangsi Nanjing Str. Dadong Rd. Xiaobeiguan Str. Str. Str. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ S tt. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Prediction of Exceedance of Standard Figure 4.3.3-3 and Figure 4.3.3-4 show the noise predictions of the road sections, the Bus Repair Facility and the sensitive receptors. Table 4.3.3-5 shows the predictions of in road sections, Bus Repair Facility, and Bus Terminal in Dadong in 2010. It can be concluded as follows: * Nanwu Road to Fangxing Square This road section will be elevated. The predicted values of noise level are 16.3 dB more than the day-time standard and 21.3 dB more than the night-time standard. The sensitive receptors along- this section are South Yushan Apartment, Tielu Middle School and the Day Care Centef of Commercial Bureau. * Beiyi-Lianhe Road and Pangjiang Street These road sections will be at grade. The predicted values of noise level are 6.4-19.1 dB more than the day-time standard and 11.2-19.1 dB more than the night-time standard. The sensitive receptors along Biyi Road are Xinggong No.1 Preliminary School, Baogong No.1 Preliminary School, Lifu Hospital. The sensitive receptors along Lianhe Road are Xita Preliminary School, Shenyang University, No. 28 Middle School. No.107 Middle School is a sensitive receptor located along Pangjiang Street. * Gonghe Interchange and Fangxing Square Interchange The values of noise prediction are much higher than the related standard around the interchanges. The maximum of prediction is 24.6 dB more than day-time standard, and the maximum of prediction is 29.3 dB more than night-time standard. Northeast Architectural Design Institute, Liaoning Hydro Power Institute and Northeast Electricity Management Bureau. * Tianguang Street, Shenzhou Road, Sanjing Street, Sanjing Street, Zhulin Road, Helongjiang Street, Nanjingnan Street The noise predictions in day-time and night-time for the residents of the first row of the buildings in 2010 exceed the standard. The maximum standard-exceedance in day-time is 6.8 dB, and the maximum in nightOtime is 11.3 dB in Nanjingnan Street. Nanjingnan Street is the south exit of inner bus and truck of urban city. The traffic volume will increase due to the widening of this section. * Bus Repair Facility, Bus Terminal in Dadongmen The noise predictions of the Bus Repair Facility are under the standard. The noise prediction in day-time of Dadongmen Bus terminal is 4.9 dB higher than the standard, and 7.7 dB higher than the standard in night-time. 7 5 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment * Sensitive Receptors It can be concluded that all noise predictions of South Yushan Apartment exceed the standard with and without the project; the noise is serious of the fifth floor of Tielu Middle School with the project in night-time (18.9 to 25.5 dB higher than the standard); the noise predictions of the Day Care Center of Commercial Bureau are 20 dB higher than the standard. The noise predictions of Lifu Hospital, 107 Middle School, Shenyang University and No.107 Middle School with the project in day-time and night-time exceed the standards. Table 4.3.3-6 and Table 4.3.3-7 show the prediction of the sensitive receptors. It can be concluded tlhat the noise impact on the elevated road section, interchanges and some section of Beiyi Road and Lianhe Road is serious according to the analysis of noise predictions. Table 4.3.3-5 Noise Prediction for the First Row of the Resident Buildings along the Road Sections, in Bus Repair Facility and the Bus Terminal in 2010 (dB) With Without Road Section Day Ni ht Day Ni Prediction ExceecLnce Prediction Exceedmnee Predtiction Exceedance Prediction Erceedance Nanwu Zhonggong Str. 86.7 16.7 76.3 21.3 85.3 15.3 75.0 20.0 Rd. -Fangxing Square l l Beiyi Baogong Str. 79.9 9.9 69.8 14.8 77.4 7.4 67.2 12.2 Rd. -Songgong Str. Songgong Str. 86.7 16.7 74.1 19.1 -Shengli Str. Lianhe Shengli Str. 79.4 9.4 69.2 14.2 76.4 6.4 66.2 11.2 Rd. -Huashan Rd. Huashan Rd. 79.8 9.8 70.3 15.3 80.5 10.5 70.2 15.2 -Huigong Square _____ Huigong Square 80.7 10.7 70.5 15.5 81.0 11.0 70.7 15.7 -Xiaobeiguan Rd. _ ___ Xiaobeiguan Rd. 80.0 10.0 69.8 14.8 79.5 9.5 69.3 14.3 -Linhe Rd. Linhe Rd. , 78.7 8.7 68.5 13.5 77.9 7.9 67.7 12.7 -Beihai Str. Pangjiang Xiaoheyan 79.0 9.0 68.8 13.8 79.0 9.0 68.7 13.7 Str. -Shanlin Rd. Inter- Gonghe Interchange 92.8 22.8 81.8 26.8 - - - change Fangxing Square 94.6 24.6 84.3 29.3 94.6 24.6 84.3 29.3 Interchange Tianguang Shenzhou Rd. - 75.3 5.3 64.8 9.8 Str. Shuntong Rd. . Shenzhou Daxi Rd. - 73.9 3.9 63.3 8.3 Rd. Xishuncheng Rd. Sanjing Zhongshan Rd. - 74.0 4.0 63.2 8.2 68.3 - 54.2 Str. Binhe Rd. Zhulin Jinqiao Rd. -Shenhai 76.0 6.0 65.8 10.8 74.6 4.6 65.2 10.2 Rd. Interchange Hclongjiang Chongshan Rd. - 70.2 0.2 59.8 4.8 62.3 - 53.1 - Str. Kunshan Rd. Nanjingnan Xinhua Square - 76.8 6.8 66.3 11.3 74.3 4.3 64.9 9.9 Str. Daba Rd. I Bus Repair Baishan Rd. 68.9 - 53.2 Ficilitv_ Won Bcus Dadong Rd. 74.9 4.9 62.7 7.7 64.9 - 54.7 Note: The prediction is the maximum noise level (5-8 floor). 76 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.3.3-6 Noise Levels Exceeding Standard at Sensitive Receptors along Nanw Road (dB) in 2010 Sensitive Receptors South Yushan Apartment Tielu Middle School Day care center of CB Distance (m) 30 50 30 Floor With Without With Without With Without Day 1 8.1 7.1 19.3 17.5 21.9 21.3 3 9.2 20.5 19.0 23.2 21.6 4 11.4 7.7 22.6 19.5 5 14.3 8.1 26.0 20.0 6 15.0 9.0 7 13.9 10.0 8 13.6 8.7 10 13.2 7.2 15 11.7 6.0 v _ X standard 70 (Class 4, GB3096-93) 55 (Class 4, GB3096-93) Night 1 12.6 11.9 18.9 17.2 21.3 21.0 3 11.8 19.9 18.8 22.7 21.4 4 15.8 12.5 22.2 19.2 5 18.7 12.9 25.5 19.8 6 19.4 13.8 7 18.3 14.8 8 18.0 13.5 10 17.6 12.0 15 standard 55 (Class 1, GB3096-93) 45 (Class 1, GB3096-93) 777 Table 4.3.3-7 Standard Exceedance of Noise Predictions of Sensitive ReceptorsC g1on pSurface Roadsjand tbe Bus Terri al(dB) in 2010 Sensitive No. 107 Middle Xinggong No.lI Baogong No.lI Lifu Hospital Xita School Shenyang No.28 Middle No. 148 Middle No. 32 Middle receptors School School School University School School School \t?~i,tancenm,) 73 _ 90 50 70 54 74 54 .20 60 a \ ~~~with with with with with with with with vith with with with with- -with with with with with Floor \out out out out out out out out out o Day I 14.0 13.5 14.0 2.3 15.5 13.6 15.2 16.8 15.6 15.2 13.9 13.1 18.8 11.5 9.0 7 3 15.3 14.9 14.3 2.6 16.8 14.9 15.6 _ 17.5 16.0 15.5 14.2 13.4 19.2 11.9 9.4 i:-I 4 _6.i 15.7 . 16.1 _ 16.5 16.0 14.6 13.8 12A 9.9 517.3 16.9 - -1 67 -- 7.0 16.6 15.2 14.3 -13.0 I05o.- 6 18.5 18.1 17.9 18.2 16.5 _ - 7 -- - - -- ~ 18.0 - - - _ 0 standard 55 (Class 1, GB f e96-93) Night I 13.7 13.3 13.7 2.9 15.2 | 13.4 _15.1 16.6 L 1-5I4_ 14.9 |13.7 |128 18.3 |l' 119.6 < ~~~~3 15.1 14.7 14.1 3.3 16.5 14.7 15.5 _ 17.3 - 15.8 15.3 14.0 13.1 18.7 - 11.4 10.0 o: ~~~4 15.9 15.5 - 16.0i 16.3 15.8 14.4 13.5 - - I 11.9 1 1.5 S5n N7.1 16.7 .1 o 16.6 H 16.8 16.3 1No4.9 Mi14d 0 1 Midl- No12.5 3 11.1Md 6 18.0 13.5 14. 2. 1 . 15.2 1.8 _ 18.0 17.5 1 1 18.8 - 1 9 l 67 18. - 17.9 . - - 1 1 l l l - l standard 45 (Class 1, GB3096-93) . _ l Note: - means that the noise level is under the standard Bus Rep:a it 79 II V ' . 875. 085. 78.5/62.8 65.7/56.8 C 7716.87./66.4 71./6 7 7~~~~~ -P O e n a !~__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ 76.6/66.4 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~- 76 2/65 9 75.7/65.5~9. 9 e R ad _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r K]F 7496276495 ZS v-, ~ ~ \\1 ih ihutRa sole 72./619 6.8/7. Road day/nigh.day/night 5 70.3/59.6 64.5/dy/igh5dy/ngh5lOn1 80 73.8/63.3 %~~~~~~~~~~~~ / 7_ _ __5_ __61_ _ __09 71.0/0.8 75 76.1/097076. 70.2/60.1 72.0/61.8 71.6/672.3/6. 196. 70.6/60.5 73.2/63.0 72.5/62.5 ~ ~ I _ __s_g_n In ng I ~~'Icrm ItaI~~ -. .2 6 .,L/~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~8.4 ;;- &a/ngh dynihtflo 69a0/5.7 68 t 8 a/nsit ___________ ayniht da/ngh 15 7 9:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~dy~gtAyLgt 70.3/60.1 6W /-5- 71.160.970c60e t:4o0 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.3.4 Noise Mitigation 4.3.4.1 Construction Phase The implementation period will be 4 years. The proposed Subproject includes road widening and viaduct over existing surface road. Therefore, construction activities will impact the environment surrounding the construction sites. Although it is inevitable that noise will be generated due to construction activities, the impact of noise on the surrounding areas can be mitigated in some extent. All contractors must obey the noise prevention and control items of Shenyang Environmental Noise Management Regulation. Meanwhile, after consultation with SPO, recommended mitigation measures for this project are as follows. * Based on Itern`30 of National Environmental Noise Pollution Prevention Regulation (valid since March 1 1997), noisy construction will be prohibit in the area of noise sensitive buildings in night-time (10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.), unless the construction is emergent repair or accident. The construction with special process will be done in night- time with the permission issued by related government and environmental agency. All construction in night-time will be noticed to the nearby residents by the contractor. * Low noise machinery or machinery with noise shielding and absorption will be used. Lifu Hospital, Day care center of Commercial Bureau, and South Yushan Apartment will be protected carefully with noise shielding (2 m height, 60 m length) during construction phase. The construction machinery will be inspected and maintained once a month. * All contractors will rationalize work schedule and siting, keeping noisy operations away from sensitive receptors. Temporary enclosure structures will be applied to sites to reduce extremely high noise emissions. For instance, the construction of Fanxing Square Interchange will take about 6 months, which will impact the institutions 40-50 m surrounding the site, such as North-east Electricity Management Bureau and North-east Architecture Design Institute. - The construction components used for Nanwu viaduct, Gonghe Interchange, and Fangxing Square Interchange will be prefabricated and transported to the construction - sites. - If the on-site monitoring result exceeds the standard, Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center will report to Shenyang Project Office imnmediately. Shenyang Project Office will stop the construction. 4.3.4.2 Operation Phase From the prediction of the noise, it can be concluded that the noise level will exceed the standard in both construction and operation phases. The environment will be impact seriously along the proposed viaduct and surface roads. Hence, it is necessary to reduce traffic noise as much as possible by all feasible means, such as proper planning, mitigation and management. Proper Planning * The distance between the first row of buildings and the proposed roads redline must not be less than 20 m and incorporate vegetation buffer in the newly developed and redeveloped areas; * The first row of buildings along the roads will not be assigned sensitive uses such as schools, hospitals and day care centers; 81 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment * Planned internal structure of residential buildings is a means to prevent direct noise impact on people, by allocating bathrooms and kitchens to be on the side facing the roads; * The first row of buildings will parallel the road to mitigate traffic noise impact on the next rows of buildings. Mitigation Mitigation measures will be taken for the residents and sensitive receptors along the roads. Figure 4.3.4-la and Figure 4.3.4-lb show the mitigation measures and the comparison of noise levels before and after mitigation. * Sound Absorption]3arrier (SAB) on Nanwu viaduct Transparent SAB (100 m length, 5 m height) will be installed on east side of the viaduct in front of South Yushan Apartment and Day Care Center of Commercial Bureau. Transparent SAB (100 m length, 5 m height) will be installed on both side of the viaduct from Shengli Street to Zhenxing Street. The foundation of the SAB (100 m length, 5 m height) will be built while the construction of the viaduct. The SAB will reduce noise by 10-15 dB. * Double Glazed Window (DGW) The sensitive receptors, such as Tielu Middle School, South Yushan Apartment, Day Care Center of Commercial Bureau, and the residents in the first row of the building will be protected by DGW. The indoor noise will be reduced by 20-25 dB with DGW. 56,800 m2 of DGW will be installed. The mitigation measures and the cost estimate for the sensitive receptors and the residents in the first row of the building along the road secfions are shown in Table 4.3.4-1 and Table 4.3.4-2. * Air Conditioner (AC) It is cold in winter in Shenyang. Most of the residential windows have two layers. But in summer, residents have to open the windows. In order to mitigate the noise, especially in summer, air conditioners will be installed for schools, hospitals, day care center and residential buildings. Details are shown in Table 4.3.4-1 and Table 4.3.4-2. Management * The vehicle noise emission will be monitored annually based on noise standard. Curtailed inspection will be undertaken on road for MVs. The vehicle that can not meet the standard must be maintained or changed by silencer. * Horn prohibition of MV will be carried out based on the Notice of Horn Prohibition of MV wvithin First Ring Road in Shenyang issued by Municipality in July 1995. * Heavy-duty vehicles (trucks) are prohibited to travel along the proposed viaducts since April 5 1998, according to Notice on Readjustment of Truck Volume within the Second 82 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Ring Road in Shenyang (July, 1995) issued by Shenyang Transportation Commnand Center. * The noise barriers and pavement will be maintained periodically. 83 Table 4.3.4.-I Noise Predictions and Mitigation Measures for the Sensitive Receptors ( Im outside the windows) along the Roads Road Sensitive Distance Prediction(dB) Standard (dB) Exceedance SAB DGW AC Exceedance Indoor noise cost receptor to the (dB) (10 dB of noise (20 dB of noise after mitigation level after estimate for middle reduction) reduction) (dB, I m outside mitigation mitigation a of the _ the window) (dB) (1.000 lMn) Ul road day- night- day- night- day- night- length cost area cost set cost day- night- day- night- a (m) time time time time time time tm) .ooRMD) m n time time time time _ _ Nanwu Southd 30 85.0 74.4 70 55 15.0 19.4 100 180 220 33 44 132.0 5.0 9.4 55.0 44.4 345.0 0 Rd. Yushan -, Apartment____ - - --- ____ Tielu 50 81.0 70.5 55 45 26.0 25.5 100 180 540 81 108 324,0 16.0 15.5 51.0 40.5 585.0 Middle School a____ DayCare 30 78.2 67.7 23.2 22.7 100 180 700 105 140 420.0 13.2 12.7 48.2 37.7 705.0 er Center of CB Pang No.1 M07 73 73.5 63.2 18.5 18.2 400 60 190 570.0 18.5 18.2 53.5 43.2 630.0 jiang Middle Str. School___ Beiyi XinggongNo. 90 69.3 59.1 14.3 14.1 100 15 48 144.0 14.3 14 1 49.3 39.1 159.0 oc Rd. Preliminary School =a No.d S0 71.8 6151 168165 100 15 48 144.0 16.8 165 51.8 41.5 159.0 School Lifta 70 73.0 62.9 18.0 17.9 1,000 150 480 144.0 18.0 179 53.0 42.9 159.0 Hospital____ Lianhe Xita 54 72.5 62.3 17.5 17.3 70 10.5 33 99.0 17.5 17.3 52.5 42.3 109.5 Rd. Preliminary Shenyang 74 73.2 63.0 18.2 18.0 360 54 171 513.0 18.2 18.0 53.2 43.0 567.0 University I__ No.28 54 70.2 59.9 15.2 14.9 240 36 114 342.0 15.2 14.9 50.2 39.9 378.0 6 Middle 1School _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ Tian No. 148 is 74.2 63.7 19.2 18.7 360 54 72 216.0 19.0 18.7 54.2 43.7 270.0 guang Middle Str. School__ ___ _ _ _ _ __ _ _- No. 32 60 68.0 56.1 13.0 _1.1 360 54 72 216.0 13.0 11.1 48.0 36.1 270.0 Middle a School 300_ _ _ _ Total - ___ 300 540 4,45 667.5 1520 4560.0 - 5767.5 Note: it is assumed that the price of DCWmade of aluminium alloy is 150 Yuan RlvfB/m, the price ofAC is 3,000 Yuan R.B/set, and the price of SAB is 1,800 Yuan RM'B/m. an. Cr ts Table 4.3.4.-2 Noise Predictions and Mitigation Measures for the Residents of the First Row of the Buildings along the Roads Road Distance Prediction(dB) Standard (dB) Exceedance (dB) SAB DGW AC -Fx-ce-edance after Indoor noise level cost to the (10 dB of noise (20 dB of noise mitigation after mitigation estimate *d middle reduction) reduction) (d1B, I m outside (dB) for ,0. ofthe ____________the window ____ mitigation road day- night- day- night- day- night- length cost area cost set cost day- night- day- night- (1.00 P.W11 (in) time time time time time time (in) 0.0 (in) (100 (.000 time time time time _________ ________ _ ________ _ _______ R A) _______ 01.400 ___ _____ ____ _______ a Nanwu 25 86.7 76.3 70 55 16.7 21.3 1,860 3,348 7,170 1075.7 1,434 4302.0 6,7 11.3 56.7 46.3 8725.5 Rd._ _ __ _ Beiyi 25 79.9 69.8 9.9 14.8 2,175 326.3 435 1305.0 9.9 . 14.8 59.9 49.8 1631.3 Rd. _ _ _ __ _ _ L.ianhc 35 80.7 70.5 10.7 15.5 9,505 1425-8 1,901 15703.0 10.7 15.5 60.7 50.5 7128.8 Rd. _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ 00 Pangjiang 28 79.0 68.8 9.0 13.8 2,630 394.5 526 1578.0 9.0 13.8 59.0 48.8 1972.5 U' Str._ _ __ _ __ _ _ Sanjing 20 74.0 63.2 4.0 8.2 8,050 1207.5 1,610 4830.0 4.0 8.2 54.0 43.2 6037.5 Str. I Zhulin 25 76.0 65.8 6.0 10.8 2,955 443.3 591 1773.0 6.0 10.8 56.0 45.8 2216.3 Rd. I__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Hclongjiang 20 70.2 59.8 0.2 4.8 2,810 421.5 562 1686.0 0.2 4.8 50.2 39.8 2107.5 S tr. __ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ ___ _ _ _ Shenzhou 25 73.9 63.3 3.9 8.3 2,040 296.0 408 1224.0 3.9 8.3 53.9 43.3 1530.0 Rd.__ _ ___ _ __ _ _ Tianguang 20 75.3 64.8 5.3 9.8 4,155 623.3 831 2493.0 5.3 9.8 55.3 44.8 3116.3 Str. I__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Nanjingnan 25 76.8 66.3 6.8 11.3 9,510 1426.5 1,902 5706.0 6.8 113 56.8 46.3 7132.5 BUS 25 74.7 62.7 4.9 7.7 600 90 120 360.0 4.9 7.7 54.9 42.7 450.0 - Terminal in Total ________________ _______ _______ _______ j ~ 9 , 3,348 52,350 7852.9 10,470 30960 _ _ _-42 82 Note: Itis assumedtfhaotACis 3,000 Yuian RMB/set, and the price of SAB is 1,800 Yuan RMB/m. The SAB will reduce 10dB (100 mlength. 3 mheight), and the DGWandAC willreduce 20dB. El - 4 8/(39.8) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 658/4.8 9505/1 Of-. r-IOL--j~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~c- u on~~~~~~~~~~ 19.8)~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 74.0454.0)~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ 63.2/(43.2) F =2630/526~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C 3.9/(53 Noise9 levels CiDwtot AIdl indornoseleelswih 8Wan 80 0/161 0.eD~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 4.3.4-lb Noise Mitigation for the Sensitive Receptors 0-0 z .2-< 87~~~~~~~~~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.3.5 Residual Impact 4.3.5.1 Construction Phase When mitigation is carried out in construction phase, most noise levels of the sensitive receptors outside the redline will exceed the standards. 4.3.5.2 Operation Phase Table 4.3.5-1 shows the residual impact along road sections during operation phase. The conclusion is as follows: * Nanwu Road to Fangxing Square (viaduct) After the implementation of the noise barrier, DGW and AC on the residential buildings along the section of the viaduct, the predicted values (1 m outside the window) of residual impact will be 6.7 dB higher than the standard in day-time, 11.3 dB higher in night-time. However, after the implementation of the mitigation, the indoor noise level will be 56.7 dB in day-time, and 46.3 dB in night-time, which can be tolerable by the residents. D Beiyi-Lianhe Road and Pangjiang Street(at grade) After the implementation of mitigation, the values of residual impact will be under the day-time standard. * Gonghe Interchange and Fangxing Square Interchange Although mitigation measures, such as DGW and AC, are used, the maximum value of noise residual impact on the sides of Gonghe Interchange is still 2.8 dB higher than the standard in day-time, and 6.8 dB higher in night-time; and the maximum value of noise residual impact on the sides of Fangxing Square Interchange is still 4.6 dB higher than the standard in day-time, and 9.3 dB higher in night-time. 88 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.3.5-1 Residual Impact on the Residents of the First Row of the Buildings along the Road Road Impact ay Ni ght| Section noise level exceedance noise level exceedance (dB) (dB) (dB) (dB) Nanwu Rd. Aigong Prediction 86.7 16.7 76.3 21.3 Str - SAB .10 -10 Fangxing DGW & AC -20 -20 Square Residual impact: Im outside the windows 76.7 6.7 66.3 11.3 Residual impact: indoor 56.7 46.3 Beiyi Rd. Baogong Str. - Prediction 79.9 9.9 69.8 14.8 Songgong DOW & AC -20 | -20 Str. Residual impact: indoor 59.9 49.S Songgong Str. - Prediction 86.7 16.7 74.1 19.1 Shengli Str. DOW & AC .20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 66.7 54.1 Lianhe Rd. Shengli Str.'- Prediction 79.4 9.4 69.2 14.2 Huashan Rd. DGW & AC -20 -20 .k Residual impact: indoor 59.4 49.2 - Huashan Rd. - Prediction 79.8 9.8 70.3 15.3 Huigong DOW & AC -20 _ -20 Square Residual impact: indoor 59.8 50.3 Huigong Square- Prediction 80.7 10.7 70.5 15.5 Xiaobeiguan DOW & AC -20 -20 Rd. Residual impact: indoor 60.7 *50.5 Xiaobeiguan Prediction 80.0 10.0 69.8 14.8 Rd. - DGW & AC -20 -20 Linhe Rd Residual impact: indoor 60.0 49.8 Linhe Rd. - Prediction 78.7 8.7 68.5 13.5 Beihai Str. DOW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 58.7 48.5 Pangjiang Binhe Rd. - Prediction 79.0 9.0 68.8 13.8 Str. Zhulin Rd DOW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 59.0 48.8 Interchange Gonghe Prediction 92.8 22.8 8 1.8 26.8 Interchange DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 72.8 2.8 61.8 6.8 Fangxing Square Prediction 94.6 24.6 84.3 29.3 Interchange DGW & AC . -20 _ _-20 Residual impact: indoor 74.6 4.6 64.3 9.3 Beiyi- Beiyi Rd. Prediction 88.0 I 8.0 81.8 26.8 Lianhe Rd. DGW & AC -20 -20 (altemative) Residual impact: indoor 68.0 61.8 6.8 Lianhe Rd. Prediction 82.7 12.7 72.4 17.4 DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 62.7 52.4 Sanjing Zhongshan Rd. Prediction 76.7 6.7 66.1 16.0 Str. -Binhe Rd. DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 56.7 46.1 Shenzhou Xishuncheng Rd. Prediction 75.1 5.1 64.5 9.5 Rd. -Daxi Rd. DOW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 55.1 44.5 Tianguang Shenzhou Rd.- Prediction 76.5 6.5 66.0 11.0 Str. Shuntong Rd. DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 56.5 46.0 Zhulin Jinqiao Rd.- Prediction 77.2 7.2 67.0 12.0 Rd. Shenhai DGW & AC -20 -20 _ Interchange Residual impact: indoor 57.2 47.0 Nanjingnan Nanba Rd.- Prediction 78.0 8.0 67.5 12.5 Str. Dati Rd. DOW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 58.0 47.5 eldongjiang Chongshan Rd.- Prediction 72.9 2.9 62.5 7.5 Str. Kunshan Rd. DOW & AC -20 -20 _ Residual impact: indoor 52.9 42.5 Dus Terminal South Apartment Prediction 74.9 4.9 62.7 7.7 in Dadong nearest the DOW & AC -20 -20 terminal Residual impact: indoor 54.9 42.7 Note: TIte SAB (100 m lengthl. 3 m height) svill reduce 10 dB, DGW and AC wvill reduice 20 dB. 89 Lisoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.3.5-2 shows the residual impact of sensitive receptors during operation phase. It can be concluded that: after the mitigation, the residual impact on sensitive receptors exceeds the standard. The noise level lm outside the window after mitigation is 5-16 dB higher than the standard in day-time, and 9.4-15.5 dB higher in night-time. However, the indoor levels are 48-55 dB in day-time and 37.7-44.4 dB in night-time. For instance, the indoor noise level after mitigation will be 37.7 dB, which is under the standard. In general, although the noise levels 1 m outside the window exceed the standards (55 dB in day-time, 45 dB in night-time), the indoor noise levels can basically be under 50 dB, which can be tolerable by the residents. Tlpble 4.3.5-2 Residual Impact the Sensitive Receptors Road Impact -ay Nigit Section noise level exceedance noise level exceedance (dB) (dB) (__) (dB) Nanwu Rd. South Yashan Prediction 85 15 74.4 19.4 Apartment SAB 10 -10 DWW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: Im outside the windows 75 S 64.4 9.4 Residual impact: indoor 55 44.4 Tielu Middle Prediction 81.0 26.0 70.5 25.5 School SAB *10 -10 DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: Im outside the windows 71.0 16.0 60.5 15.5 Residual impact: indoor 51.0 41.5 Day Care Center Prediction 78.2 23.2 67.7 22.7 of CB SAB -10 -10 DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: Im outside the windows 68.2 13.2 57.7 12.7 Residual impact: indoor 48.2 37.7 Pangjiang No. 107 Middle Prediction 73.5 18.5 63.2 18.2 Str. School WDW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: iridoor 53.5 43.2 Beiyi Rd. Xinggong No. I Prediction 69.3 14.3 59.1 14.1 Middle School DOW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 49.3 _ _39.1 Baogong No. I Prediction 71.8 16.8 61.5 16.5 Middle School DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 51.8 41.5 - Lifi Hospital Prediction 73.0 18.0 62.9 17.9 DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 53.0 42.9 Lianhe Rd. Xita Preliminary Prediction 72.5 17.5 62.3 17.3 School WDW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact indoor 52.5 42.3 Shenyang Prediction 73.2 18.2 63.0 18.0 University DOW & AC -20 .20 Residual impact: indoor 53.2 43.0 No. 28 Middle Prediction 70.2 15.2 59.9 14.9 School DGW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 50.2 39.9 Tianguang No. 148 Middle Prediction 74.2 19.0 63.7 18.7 Str. School DOW & AC -20 -20 Residual impact: indoor 54.2 43.7 Nanjingnan Nanba Rd.- Prediction 68.0 13.0 56.1 11.1 Str. Dati Rd. DOW & AC -20 1 -20 Residual impact: indoor 48.0 1 36.1 90 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.3.6 Vibration In order to find the change principle of vibration, an analogical analysis (as same as the analysis for noise) is used for vibration prediction. 5 vibration monitoring points are selected along Chorrgshan Road (elevated), and Nanwu Road (at grade). The analysis can be concluded as follows: * The VLeq in the day-time is higher than that of in the night due to heavy traffic during day-time. * The more volume of LDV and MDV, the larger the VLeq will be. * The VLeq of the elevated road will be similar to that of the surface road, if their traffic volumes are at tbe same level. * The VLeq will be under related standards (day-time standard: 75dB, night-time: 72dB), if the traffic volume of HDV and MDV is less than 1,700. The results shown in Table 4.3.6-1 indicate that the vibration level is under the standard (GB 10070-88). Table 4.3.6-1 Analogical Analysis of Vibration Road Monitoring Distance VLeq(dB) Day-time Volume Night-time Volume points to road (vehicle/10 minutes) (vehicle/10 minutes) center(m) Day Night HDV MDV LDV HDV MDV LDV Chongshan 53 Hospital 33.6 66.5 53.2 366 630 1,152 18 54 474 Rd. Opposite flat 33.6 70.9 54.0 810 888 1,584 60 102 516 house of the Hospital Nanvu Nanwu 31.0 70.9 510 888 1,566 Rd. Apartment | _ ______ ._ __ _ The rougher the road surface becomes due to wear over time, the stronger the vibration. In addition, vibration will increase if changes occur to fleet composition and speed pattern, e.g., a greater proportion of heavy-duty and medium-duty vehicles. Mitigation measures are recommended as follows: * To prevent and reduce traffic vibration during the operation phase to meet the requirement for various zones prescribed by the Environmental Vibration Standard for Urban Areas (GB 10070-88), attention will be paid to road structure and efficient road and traffic management. * Restrict timely freight vehicle traffic in the urban area since April 5,1998 according to the Notice on Freight Vehicle Traffic Flow Arrangement within the Second Ring Road issued by Shenyang Traffic Steering Committee on April 1, 1998; 4.4 Sunshine 4.4.1 Methodology In this stnshine obstruction assessment, full-window sunshine time ( AT ) was selected for assessing sunshine level. This is the duration of sunshine from the beginning to the end of frill-window sunshine exposure. Considering that the sunshine standard is currently not 91 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment available in the existing national environmental standard series, the building design standard was used as the assessment standard ( listed in Table 1.3.2-5). The winter solstice (December 22) is the day with the shortest sunshine time over the year, hence, it was selected for assessing the sunshine level. The assessed locations were the roadside rooms on the first floor with windows parallel to the road center line. 4.4.2 Inventory 6f Exposure Areas According to the propqsed route of the project and the locations of the viaducts, the impacted sections include the viaduct in Nanwu Road and the alternative viaduct in Beiyi Road. The rooms on the first floor of the buildings along both sides of the road with viaduct are taken as exposure areas. 4.4.3 Impact Analysis 4.4.3.1 Construction Phase During most part of construction phase, there will be little sunshine obstruction to the roadside buildings. The temporary barriers, used for sound and dust isolation, will cause sunshine obstruction. This obstruction is similar to that of a viaduct in operation phase. Therefore, assessment is only necessary for operation phase. 4.4.3.2 Operation Phase The sunshine obstruction on the roadside buildings after completion of the viaduct is predicted in Table 4.4-1. Table 4.4-1 Predicted Full-Window Sunshine Time and Current Sunshine Time for Sensitive Locations of The Viaduct Section Predicted Width of DM (m) H (m) Predicted Current Sunshine Location Viaduct Time (hr) (hr) Nanwu West Yushan 18 25 8.5 150 - - Road Apartnent -30° 2.6 5.5 Day care center 18 30 8.5 152- - I__of CB III__ _ -280 3.9 5.1 Note: DM- Distancefrom the viaduct center line to the edge of the roadside building; H - Valid sunshine obstruction height; y - Room zimuth. It is can be seen from above comparison that the viaduct in Nanwu Road will have sunshine obstruction impact on the roadside buildings. The sunshine time of 2.6-3.9 hours can meet the Class 3 standard ( 1-2 hours, a general standard for residential area ) but can not meet the Class 1 standard for day care center ( 5-6 hours). Nanwu Road is a east-west oriented road, and only the buildings on the north side will be impacted in terms of sunshine time. The viaduct of Nanwu Road is 2.7 km long, with shops, restaurants, day care centers and residential buildings located along it. The most impacted rooms will be those on the first floor, while the sunshine time increases at 30-40 minuttes for 92 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment each floor higher. As a result, no sunshine obstruction will occur for rooms on the 4th floor or higher. Totally 14 residential buildings (with 1500 residents ) on the north side of Nanwu Road that will be impacted. There were two day care centers here. However, the Jixian Day care center has already resettled to other place, and the day care center of Commercial Bureau is 30 m away from the road. Therefore, the viaduct will have little impact on it. In general, an average reduction of 1.2 -2.9 hours of sunshine time will occur on the first floor rooms of the north-side buildings. Nevertheless, the full-window sunshine time will still remain 3 - 4 hours, which can meet Class 2 standard. For the altemative- viaduct of Beiyi Road, the full-window sunshine time will be 2.5 hours, which can meet Claass 3 standard. 4.4.4 Mitigation 4.4.4.1 Construction Phase All material stores for construction will be installed in the north side of the residential buildings. All construction machinery will be operated as far as possible away the windows of the first floor of resident buildings, because the enclosing barrier for the noise will obstruct the sunshine. 4.4.4.2 Operation Phase If the setback of proposed new buildings along the road is 10 m, the sunshine level can be improved to Class 1; Choosing proper room azimuth, increasing the vertical height of windows and raising the bottom of windows; Functional planning for buildings: Nurseries, day care centers, sanitariums and greenhouses, which require longer sunshine will be located in buildings with Class 1 sunshine level, or on higher floors to avoid sunshine obstruction. Rooms for offices, public buildings and general workshops can be located in buildings with Class 2 sunshine level. Rooms used for general services can be located at roadside with relatively low sunshine level or on lower floors. 4.4.5 Residual Impact 4.4.5.1 Construction Phase There is no sunshine obstruction impact during the construction phase. 4.4.5.2 Operation Phase It is inevitable that sunshine on existing buildings, which are close to the road, will be impacted by the project. However, the sunshine level for residential areas can still meet Class -3 standard. Recommendation is provided for increased setbacks for new construction along the road to minimize the potential effects of reduced sunshine. 93 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.5 Hydrology and Water Quality The proposed Lianhe Road will be overpass an artificial canal, the North Canal. The water are mainly come from Hunhe River. The Canal receives 45,000 tons sewage every day. In the early 1998, most of sewage will be intercepted according to urban master plan of the city. Then, the function of the Canal will be tourism. 4.5.1 Methodology The method for this assessment used simple runoff equations combined with the results of water equality monitoring on existing viaducts to calculate the total discharges. A 4.5.2 Impact Analysis Although the pollutant on proposed viaducts can enter surface water bodies directly while other contaminants are washed to rivers via runoff, the water body within 5-25m under the ground has already been polluted by industrial wastewater. The industrial water and drinking water in the city are come from the water under 50m. Hence, the construction of the project will have no further impact for underground water body in the city. 4.5.2.1 Construction Phase The waste water discharge during construction phase includes domestic sewage of the workers, maintenance water discharge from concrete component parts and cooling water discharge. The waste water during construction phase will be discharged into municipal sewer system. 4.5.2.2 Operation Phase During operation phase, the increase of traffic volume and speed will result in the increase of pollutants in surface runoff. However, compared with the pollutants in industrial and domestic sewage, this water pollution from the traffic is too small to cause obvious impact on surface water environment. During winter time, some NaCI will be used to clean the snow on viaducts and interchanges. But because there is not much snow, and thawed water will be diluted within rain water pipe system. Hence, there is almost no impact on the river. SS in the surface runoff is less, therefore, there is little impact on the North Canal. Truck accident will cause somewhat leakage of hazardous materials on the overpass of Lianhe Road. Necessary response will be considered for the accident. 94 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.5.3 Mitigation 4.5.3.1 Construction Phase * The domestic sewage of the workers during construction phase will be discharged into municipal drainage system through public toilet on street or temporary toilet or will be transported to farm land and used as fertilizer. * The runoff of the rain will be discharged into municipal drainage system. * The waste water collection facility will be installed in the construction site when North Canal section of Lianhe Road is under construction. Therefore the rain can go into municipal drainage system through outlets. * Construction m*hinery will be maintained periodically to avoid fuel leakage. 4.5.3.2 Operation Phase * Drainage outlet will be designed along both sides of the roads and viaducts to avoid water accumulation on the road surface. * Emergency program is to avoid fuel or hazardous material leakage pollution on North Canal and other water ways. In the case of accident, Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau, Public Security Bureau and Transportation Agency will be in charge of treatment. * Any transportation of hazardous material will be approved by municipal transportation agency. The vehicle with hazardous materials must have license issued by the agency. The vehicle must be installed fire prevention facility and painted with hazardous signs. Man powers, tractors and motorcycles are not prohibited to transport any hazardous materials. 4.5.4 Residual Impact 4.5.4.1 Construction Phase If the mitigation measures mentioned can be carried out properly, waste water discharge of the project will have no impact on the surface water environrnient. 4.5.4.2 Operation Phase The water pollution from the traffic during operation phase is too small compared with the pollutants in industrial and domestic sewage. Therefore, no further impact will exist on surface water environment. 4.6 Terrestrial Environment 4.6.1 Methodology Since the project is to be constructed within the urban build-up area, the associated terrestrial environment only includes vegetation along the roadsides. Site investigation was used to identify the impact of the project on roadside vegetation. 95 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.6.2 Impact Analysis Investigation shows that there are some on street parks in Huigong Square (Lianhe Road), Fangxing Square(Nanwu Road), and Longiiang square (Helongjiang Street). The existing roadside vegetation are shown in Table 4.6-1. Table 4.6-1 Current Vegeta ion Along The Project Sections Section Lawn (imn) Green barrier (rn) Trees Nanwu Road 1,176 761 Beiyi Road 263 Lianhe Road 62,026 5,000 5,522 Pangjiang Street 6,634 645 4,338 Zhulin Road . 134 Sanjing Street 686 Helongiiang Street 350 Nanjingnan Street 198 Total 69,836 5,645 12,252 The vegetation will be damaged and lose its function only during the construction phase. Therefore, mitigation measures are needed. 4.6.3 Mitigation * The contractor must protect the existing vegetation outside the redline to avoid any damage by construction. If the vegetation damages, it must be replanted to compensate. * The area of vegetation must be kept not less than previous area. In some sections, the area of green space will even increase. For instance, one 3 m wide green belt will be constructed in Beiyi Road, two 3.5 m (or two 1.5 m) belts in Lianhe Road, two 3 m belts in Pangjiang Street, and two 2 m belts in Nanwu Road. The area of the new greenbelt is to be 99,396 m2. In general, 23.7 km of vegetation will be planted along the project, including 9A km along Beiyi-Lianhe Road, 4.0 km along Jianshe-Nanwu Road, 2.0 km along Pangjiang Street, 1.7 km along Nanjing Street, 1.0 km along Zhujiang Street, 2.5 km along Sanjing Street, 1.3 km along Helongjiang Street, 0.9 km of Shenzhou Road and 1.2 km along Tianguang Street. In addition, 20,000 km2 of trees will be planted around the propose Bus Repair Facility. 4.6.4 Residual Impact Table 4.6.4-1 shows the project impact on vegetation and restoration by mitigation measures. It can be seen that due to mitigation measures, those damaged green areas will be restored, with additional 23,915 n2 lawn and 2,366 trees (amount to additional 28,647 m2 green areas). These will provide the city with better views, as well as dust control and noise mitigation. Table 4.6.4-1 Vegetation Restoration After Project Completion Darnaged by the Proiect Restoration(including current vegetation) Trees Lawn (m2) Green area (m2) Trees Lawn (m2) Green area (m2) -12,252 -75,481 99,985 +14,618 +99,396 +128,632 Note: A tree is amount to 2 m green area. 96 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.7 Socio-economic Components 4.7.1 Methodology The assessment of socio-economic component is a statistical analysis based on site survey, which includes: * The site survey is focus on the distribution of residential, cultural & educational, conmnercial & service zones and enterprises & institutions within 200 m along the road. * The population density, land use and resettlement within 200 m is investigated and calculated. * Further investigo4ion and analysis are made for sensitive receptors, such as entertainment, day care center and hospital. * The recommendation and mitigation are presented in this assessment. 4.7.2 Impact Analysis 4.7.2.1Construction Phase The enclosing time of road construction will be about 12 months. Therefore, it is unavoidable to affect the person trip in different extent. Impact on Pedestrian, Bicycle Rider and Bus Passenger It is necessary to guarantee the smooth traffic in urban city and to ensure the safety of pedestrians and bicycles across intersections. However, the proposed project will be built in urban area of the city, the road construction will inevitably impact the pedestrians and bicycles. Based on the site survey, the person trips of the pedestrians and bicycles will be delayed 20 minutes to 2 hours due to road construction.. The enclosing or semi-enclosing time of the road construction will be about 12 months. Therefore, buses, bicycle riders and pedestrians will travel on other roads. For example, during the construction of Beiyi Road(at grade), most pedestrians and bicycles will travel on the distributors in the residential zones on the sides of the road, the bus routes will also be moved to the parallel roads. The new Gonghe Interchange will be built parallel to the existing bridge. The bicycles can use the bridge and will not be affected by the construction of the new interchange. Impact on Daily Life Because of the construction of the roads, the shops near the road side will be affected in some extent. The shopping in these shops are not convenient. The trips for employees of the institutions will also be difficult. Based on the survey, 12 shops will be affected by the construction of the roads, in which Shierxian Vegetable Wholesale Market will have more impact. Some vendors are difficult to enter or exit the Market of vegetable wholesale. 97 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment The construction of road widening or missing link connection (such as Shenzhou Road, Tianguang Street, Sanjing Street, etc.) will have less impact on daily life of the residents along the roads. Im. pact on Hospitals It is indicated that 8 Hospitals will be affected by the construction of the roads according to the survey, in which 240 patients will have directed impact. It is difficult for the pedestrians to cross the street. 4.7.2.2 Operation Phase The implement time of the project will be 5 years. Therefore, the impact on residents, enterprises and green space along the roads is unavoidable. The impact can be concluded as follows: Impact on Residents and Communities Some sections of existing Beiyi Road and Lianhe Road are in poor condition. No bus routes operate on these two roads. The operation of the roads will provide better road condition and two bus routes for the residents. 5,099 residents lived along Beiyi Road and 21,750 along Lianhe Road will get benefit from the road implementation. The bus station will be installed near the existing institutions, such as Shenyang University, which will provide convenience and safety. High-density residential areas are located along the proposed roads. 35,984 households with 160,180 people will be impacted. Table 4.7.2-1 shows the distribution of residents along the proposed roads. The new roads will satisfy the requirements of MV, however, the newly built transportation facilities will block pedestrians and bicycles at the same time. - Table 4.7.2.-I Distribution of Impacted Residents Road Distance to the Building Floor Household Population Road Side(m) Beiyi Rd. 5-10 29 7-8 1,791 8,460 Lianhe Rd. 10-100 114 6-14 11,765 40,300 Jianshe Rd. 35 5-6 1,740 41,736 Nanwu Rd. 10-50 125 4-18 4,286 17,438 Pangjiang Str. 15-40 25 5-6 1,724 6,539 Nanjingnan Str. 5 104 5-6 1,408 4,670 Zhulin Rd. 3-50 41 6-7 3,232 7,716 Sanjing Str. 2-30 45 6-7 1,021 4,654 ShenzhouRd. & Tianguang Str. 5 34 5 3,213 10,310 Helongjiang Str. 8-30 43 6-7 2,357 8,186 Dadong Rd. 10-50 33 7-8 2,415 7,084 Shengli Str. 5-20 20 2-8 1,032 3,087 Total 648 35,984 160,180 98 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Impact on the Establishments and Institutions New roads operation will benefit the establishments along the road side. Smooth traffic also will be good the development of the institutions. Impact on thie Markets On the preferred alignments, there are 7 fairly big markets for vegetables, fruits and basic commodities, which are mainly located in Huanggu, Heping and Shenhe District. There are 6,000 in the peak marketing time period in Xinxing Market located in Nanwu Road; 10,000 in Pangjiang Market in Kaixiang Street; 3,000 in Dadong Vegetable & Fruit Wholesales Market in Beihai Str,eet; 5,000 in Meat Wholesales Market in Tawan Street; 500 in Zhulin Market in Pangjiang Street; 3,000 in Automobile Market in Wenyi Road. Shenyang Vegetables & Fruits Wholesales in Harbin Road, with 40,000 shoppers during morning shopping peak, is one of the biggest markets in the urban city. The widening of above road sections will affect the markets mentioned. Impact on the Handicapped Persons There will be a viaduct, an on-ramp, a down-ramp and two interchanges. The gradual slope has be designed for the intersections of the proposed roads, such as, Tianguang Street, Shenzhou Road, Sanjing Street. The design will provide convenience and safety for blinds and other handicapped persons. Impact on the Development of Community There is no bus route and few Commercial establishment in the shanty of Beiyi Road. The proposed project will benefit the living quality, community environment and the economic development. Summary According to the survey, it is obvious that the operation of the new roads will be positive to the development of industry, commerce, finance, information and service. The employment rate will increase because of batter traffic. The living quality of the people will also be improved. The new roads, especially the viaducts, not only provide better traffic, but also nice scenes for people. 4.7.3 Mitigation 4.7.3.1Construction Phase * Trees will be protected during construction to avoid damage. * When carrying out construction in front of schools, the construction responsible unit will appoint a specific person or persons to guide the pupils travel through the construction site; 99 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment * Traffic management during construction phase was designed in the preliminary design of the new roads. When the big intersection and interchange are in construction, traffic management will concentrate on traffic safety. MVs and NMVs will be separated, and pedestrians will be shown to use other distributors nearby the road in construction or the roads in the community. * In order to protect the pedestrians during construction of Gonghe Interchange and Fangxing Square Interchange, some protection facility, such as safety board, will be used to prevent any injury cause by the falling of construction materials or facilities. 4.7.3.2 Operation Phase Although the Subproje&t will bring smooth and safe traffic in the urban city, the living quality of the people, commercial activities and the green space along the roads will be impact to some extent. Relevant mitigation measures are considered. * The 7 markets affected by the roads (5 of them are retail markets) will be resettled to nearby area or salesroom buildings based on the basic policy of traffic management in Shenyang. * In order to ensure the safety of person trip, barriers will be installed on viaduct. * When the design was developed in early stage, the engineers proposed to enclose the road section (Lianhe Road) for some traffic consideration and construct overpasses for pedestrians and NMVs. But this option will affect getting in and out Shenyang vegetable & Fruit Wholesales Market. The major transportation vehicles in this wholesales market are man-powered, it is difficult to accept the option for the staff and users of the market. After further consultation, the engineers kept an approach in front of the market and install specific NMVs zebra in this intersection. * The barriers will be installed to separate MVs and NMVs to improve traffic. However, it is not convenient for pedestrians to cross the street. The distance between two pedestrian zebra will not be longer than 150 m to facility the pedestrian crossing street. Meanwhile, Zebra lines will be installed in front of the school gate(e.g. Shenyang University) and community entrance. Pedestrian signals will be set in the intersections with high volume of some of the roads. Figure 4.7.3-1 shows the locations of the 11 zebra lines. * In order to prevent the pedestrian safety of crossing street under the construction of Gonghe Interchange and Fangxing Square Interchange, prevention barriers will be used on the viaduct. 100 100~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I~~~~~~~~I g Squ~~~~~~~~~~I,- I, to~~~~~~~~~~~r it -. cr LEGEND \IlH~~~~tU7 ~~surface road elevated road- = -Ja l Pedestrian~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 4.8 Impact on Resettlement Impact on Residential Resettlement The project will resettle 3,107 households with 9,329 residents. The resettlement of residential area will be 62,743.3 mi2. The cost estimate for the resettlement is shown in Table 4.8-1. Table 4.8-1 Compensation and Cost Estimate for Resettled Residents Items Cost Estimate Percentage (lOOOYuan RMB) (%) Compensation for resettled residents 136,349 62.1 Compensation for Commi&cial Establishments 14,054 6.4 Compensation for Enterprises and Institutions 8,774 4.0 Relocation for Infrastructure and compensation for Auxiliary Facility 22,770 10.4 Survey and Design Cost 4,792 2.2 Monitoring Cost 1,438 0.7 Contingency 7,189 3.3 Management Cost 23,962 10.9 Total 219,328 100 As described by resettlement policy and compensation standard in Resettlement Action Plan (RAP), residents can enjoy better housing, quiet surroundings, good air quality, and full pubic utilities in the resettlement sites. However, the resettlement sites in the suburb are not fully developed and there will be some inconvenience with transport, recreational activities, and uneasy feelings about the new environment. In order to give more convenience to the resettled residents, the rehabilitation areas are selected based on following principles: * The rehabilitation area will be near resettled residential area. * Besides the selected rehabilitation areas, the resettle residents have the right to select new house in existing residential areas in the urban area(Table 4.8-2). Table 4.8-2 Rehabilitation in Existing Residential Areas Existing Residential Area Resettled Household Rehabilitation Area (m') Xiyao Community 1228 (Lianhe Rd.) 173 (Pangiiang Str.) 75,948 Yuhongbeili Community 1400 (Beiyi Rd.) 77,586 Huaxiang Community 306 (Nanwu Rd.) 17,561 iTotal 3107 171,095 Impact on the Commercial Establishments, Enterprises and Institutions 156 commercial, industrial and office buildings with 7,198 staff will be impacted. Based on detall resettlement and rehabilitation policy, all these commercial establishments, enterprises and institutions will be arranged with proper compensation. Table 4.8-3,4,5 show the rehabilitation for commercial establishment, enterprises and institutions. 102 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 4.8-3 Rehabilitation for Commercial Establishment (m2 Rehabilitation Location Beiyi Rd. Lianhe Rd. Nanwu Rd. Pangjiang Str. Total Nearby previous location 2,186 0 1,800 0 3,986 Rehabilitation in previous enterprises 1,259 1,081 0 834 3,176 Xiyao Commurity 0 1,056 0 2,252 3,308 Yuhongbeili Community 376 0 0 0 376 Liutaohu Industrial Zone 0 40 0 0 40 Total 3,821 2,177 1,800 3,086 10,884 Table 4.8-4 Rehabilitation for Enterprises (mi2 Rehabilitation Location Beiyi Rd. Lianhe Rd. Nanwu Rd. Pangjiang Str. Total Nearby previous location 95 0 1,452 0 1,547 Rehabilitation in previouts enterprises 3,191 11,581 275 975 16,022 Yuhongbeili ConrmunityA 806 0 0 0 806 Huaxiang Community 0 0 1,190 0 1,190 Changjiang Community 1,133 0 0 0 1,133 Liutaohu Industrial Zone 0 21,845 300 0 22,145 Total 5,225 33,426 3,217 975 42,843 Table 4.8-5 Rehabilitation for Institutions (m2 l Rehabilitation Location Beiyi Rd. Lianhe Rd. Nanwu Rd. Pangjiang Str. Total Nearby previous location 1,039 3,910 0 0 4,949 Rehabilitation in previous enterprises 212 1,000 1,050 85 2,347 Total 1,251 4,910 1,050 85 7,296 4.9 Alternative Analysis In the early stage of option screening, another option besides above two options was considered. This option included elevated sections, e.g. Beiyi Road, Nanwu Road, Wenyi Road, Pangjiang Street, Beihai Street and Baogong Street. However, there are three parks along the existing Wenyi Road. The proposed alignment on Wenyi Road (elevated or at grade) will occupy the land of the parks, damage large amount of existing green space, and affect public entertainment in the parks. Shenyang Project Office, associated with Shenyang Engineering Design Institute, decided to use Wenhua Road instead of Wenyi Road to reduce environmental impact on the existing vegetation and public living. Meanwhile, there will be a lot of resettlement on the alignment of Beihai Street (widening or elevated). Hence, this section will be postponed to be constructed. The decision was also made to use the surface road option to replace the viaduct option for Pangjiang Street and Beiyi Road. The alternative for Beiyi Road ( surface road) is a viaduct. In order to describe the environmental impact of surface road option and viaduct option, an analysis is made for Beiyi Road. The environmental impact of the current option and the alternative is compared in Table 2.1.3-1. It can be concluded that the current option is better than the alternatives with the consideration of environmental impact. 103 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 5. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT PLAN 5.1 Project Management Institutions The management structure of the project is shown in Figure 5.1-1. Figure 5.1-1 Project Management Structure | henyang Urban Construction Leading Group & Shenyang Subproject Office SUCLG & SPO Shenyang Urban & Rural Construction Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau Committee SEPB SURCC construction operation construction and operation Shenyang Urban Shenyang Urban Shenyang Environmental Science Institute & Construction Bureau Construction Project Office - Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center SUCB SUCPO SESI & SEMC Constuction, Operation and Environmental Management Under the leadership of Shenyang Urban Construction Leading Group, all relevant institutions are involved in environmental management during construction and operation phases, in which Shenyang EPB will play a major role. 5.1.1 Shenyang Urban Construction Leading Group (SUCLG) Shenyang Special Urban Construction Project Leading Group is a government organization, headed by the vice mayor in charge of urban construction and its deputies are leaders from the urban construction commission, the planning commission, the bureau of finance, the bureau of urban planning and EPB. It is responsible for overall decision making related to the project, such as selection of the alignment, scope of construction and project financing. Shenyang Special Urban Construction Project Leading Group Office is a permanent agency of the Leading group. It is responsible for the implementation of the decisions made by the Leading Group or other relevant government authorities. 5.1.2 Shenyang Urban & Rural Construction Commission (SURCC) The SURCC is a government agency in charge of the overall management of the urban and rural construction of the city. It is responsible for the organizing, coordinating, supervising and inspection of urban planning, land use, urban construction, traffic and transport and environmental protection. For SUTP, it has been and will be responsible for project proposal 104 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment submission, project construction arrangement and coordination, counterpart project construction, overall management of engineering costing, project tendering and construction supervision. It is also responsible for organization and coordination of institutions under its jurisdiction during the construction and operation. Its responsibilities for the environmental protection including: * Environmental management during construction phase; * Solution making on the environmental issues of the construction and operation phases unexpected or improperly analyzed in this EAP report. 5.1.3 Shenyang Urban Construction Bureau (SUCB) ...*. The SUCB, subordinate to Shenyang Municipal Government and under the coordination of SURCC, is undertaking operational management of the project. It is responsible for providing management and maintenance of the Environmental facilities. 5.1.4 Shenyang Subproject Office (SPO) Shenyang Special Urban Construction Project Leading Group Office (The Project Office) is the administrative office of Shenyang Special Urban Construction Project Leading Group. It is responsible for implementing decisions made by the Leading Group and relevant government authorities. The Project Office is subordinate to SURCC and responsible for the implementation of the tasks of SURCC. During the design phase it is responsible for the following: * Providing Project Description input to the EIA report and EAP - Making confirmation of the EAP During the construction phase it is responsible for the following: * Developing Motor Vehicle Emission Control Strategy * Ensuring constructors implement mitigation measures as required; * Inspecting the status and quality of environmental construction; * Dealing with complaints from the public related to environmnental issues during construction. During the operation phase, it is responsible for environmental facilities inspections. 5.1.5 Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau (SEPB) The SEPB is the agency within the Shenyang Municipal Government responsible for overall environmental management. It enforces its supervisory and administrative authority according to the national, Liaoning provincial and Shenyang municipal environmental laws, regulations and policies. In the construction and operation phases, it is responsible for the following: * Providing a supervisory and administrative authority; * Receiving and dealing with the complains caused by the project. 105 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment * Implementing Motor Vehicle Emission Control Strategy 5.1.6 Shenyang Environmental Science Institute, Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center and Shenyang Environmental Inspection Brigade (SEPSI, SEMC & SEIB) The SESRI was founded in 1973 and is under the jurisdiction of the SEPB. It was one of the first environmental research institutions to be granted Class A certification credentials for environmental assessment by the State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA). It has 60 senior engineers and 36 engineers out of a staff of 289. It has been equipped with a number of advanced instruments for scientific analysis and possesses modem scientific research technology. 5 people.were granted certification credentials for environmental assessment issued jointly by the World Bank and the SEPA. The SESRI is responsible for scientific research of environmental protection and involved in pollution control activities. The SEMCS was founded in 1975 and is under the jurisdiction of the SEPB. It has 34 senior engineers and 54 engineers out of a staff of 109. It has been equipped with advanced instruments for monitoring of atmosphere, water and noise. Its lab was certified for excellent environmental monitoring quality at the nation level in 1992. The SEMCS is responsible for routine monitoring of the environmental quality and provides information for environmental management decision making. Shenyang Environmental Inspection Brigade (SEIB) is an organization under the direct jurisdiction of Shenyang EPB. There are 32 employee undertaking daily site inspection of the environmental pollution, answering the hot line (86-24-24841962) of public complains in 24 hours and taking immediate response to the incident at the site. For the SUTP, the SESRI was the primary author of the Environmental Impact Assessment Report and the Environmental Action Plan, the SEMCS will be responsible for environmental monitoring and reporting during construction and operation and SEXB will be responsible to deal with the public complains during the phases of construction and operation. - 5.1.7 Responsibility of Daily Environmental Supervision during Construction and Operation Phase * Construction Phase SPO S IB SPO requires environmental SEIB handles environmental commitments from the contract r ccident and violence Contr ctor Environmental Inspecto0 supervisor I I Sitel 106 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment The above organization chart shows that during the construction phase three independent and inter-related organizations will be responsible to protect the surrounding environment of the construction sites, in addition to the periodical environment monitoring done by SEMCS. On one hand, the contractor must arrange the EP responsible person to get EP training by SEPB prior to the construction to ensure the strong enforcement in the light of the environmental protection laws and regulations and this EAP during the construction phase. On the other hand, the Project Office will employ supervision engineers. They will inspect, with simple instruments such as noise-meter, the routine EP work done by the construction units. The supervision engineer is authorized to suspend the construction violating the environment regulations and report to the Project Office promptly his own findings and complains from the urrounding residents. Meanwhile, the patrol inspectors from the SEIB will accept complains through hot line in 24 hours, conduct periodical patrol in the construction sites and make immediate response to the illegal activities in the site. * Operation Phase consultation .......................... ............................................... monitor g result public c mplaint I SEMCE 1 SE]IB During the operation phase, project surrounding environment will be managed through periodical monitoring and public complain handling. The following chart shows the roles of the responsible organizations. The Project Office and Shenyang EPB will review and update mitigation measures (if necessary, together with the transportation authority) for the operation phase according to the monitoring results and the public complains reported. 5.1.8 Staff The SPO will have two staff assigned specially for environmental management, e.g. daily environmental affairs, public complaints and emergency response. A specific environmental protection division will be established in the Bus Repair Facility and responsible for all environmental protection in the facility. There will be 8 staffs in the division, including one division chief, three technical staffs, three monitoring staffs, etc. 5.1.9 Technical Training Programs It is critical to train contractors who will be involved in the construction and operation of the project. Without appropriate environmental awareness and knowledge and skill s required for the implementation of the mitigation measures, it would be difficult for contractors to 107 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment implement effective environmental protection measures. Meanwhile, it is also important to train the managers, such as the director of the Bus Repair Facility and the bus terminal. A training program is proposed prior to the commencement of any project activities. Table 5.1.9-1 is a summary of this program. Table 5.1.9-1 Training Progm and Cost Estimate TRArNEES contractors directors and managers of construction supervisors the Bus Repair Facility and the bus terminal TRAINING environnental laws and environmental laws and environmental laws and regulations NEEDS regulations on construction, regulations operation, on construction, environmental environmental monitoring envirornmental monitonng monitoring guidelines, mnitigation guidelines guidelines measures in EAP TRAINING SEPB. SEPB SEPB AUTHORITY . NUMBEROF 15 10 10 TRAINEES DURATION 10 10 10 COST 15,000 Yuan RMB (1,000 10,000 Yuan RMB (1,000 10,000 Yuan RUB (1,000 ESTIMATE Yuan/person) Yuan/person) Yuan/person) TOTAL COST 35,000 Yuan RMB 5.1.10 Equipment and Instrument The environmental protection division will be responsible for monitoring within the site of the Bus Repair Facility. An equipment and instrument procurement is necessary. The procurement list and cost estimate are presented in Table 5.1.10-1. Table 5.1.10-1 Monitor ng Equipment and Instrument and the Cost Estimate Name Specification Monitoring Quantity Unit cost (Yuan Total cost item RMB) (Yuan RMB) pH Meter acidity, 1 2,000 2,000 alkalinity, pH COD Detector COD 1 10,000 10,000 Oil Detector FF-1 oil 1 5,000 5,000 Balance electric 1 5,000 5,000 Refrigerator 1 5,000 5,000 Electrical Oven 4-collection 1 1,000 1,000 Noise Testing noise level 1 6,000 6,000 Instrument Liquid 1 20,000 20,000 Chromatograph Spectrometer glass ware e.g. 350ml, 500ml, 2,000 2,000 breakers 1OOOml Sampler for air SO2, NOx, 1 5,000 5,000 pollutant NO2, CO, TSP Spectrophotometer _ 1,000 1,000 Total 62,000 108 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plan Environmental monitoring is normally undertaken during both construction and operation phases to ensure mitigation measures effectively, to respond to unanticipated environmental concerns at an early stage and to determine the accuracy of impact predictions. Specific monitoring programs are presented as well as responsibilities for the collection and analysis of data and reporting requirements in this section. The purpose of the environmental monitoring plan are to: evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation measures; respond to unanticipated environmental impacts when the project is under construction; make regulations and improve traffic management and environmental controls, based on .onitoring data. Besides the environmental monitoring undertaken by the environmental protection division of the Bus Repair Facility, all the environmental monitoring will be undertaken by SEMC. 5.2.1 Sampling Locations 5.2.1.1Construction Phase Six sampling sites will be selected along the proposed roads for noise, vibration and air quality (Lifu Hospital, Shenyang University, South Yushan Apartment, No. 107 Middle School, No. 32 Middle School, No. 148 Middle School), and three sampling sites will be selected for surface water (Lianhe Road section of North Canal, Day Care Center of Commercial Bureau, No.107 Middle School). One sampling site 1 m outside each building nearest the Bus Repair Facility and the Bus Terminal will be selected for noise, vibration and air quality, and three sampling sites will be selected for surface water in the construction site. The locations of these sampling sites are shown in Figure 5.2.1-1. The environmental monitoring duration will depend on the duration of construction. 6 9 months is normally estimated. 5.2.1.2 Operation Phase The sampling sites along the roads and in the Bus Repair Facility for noise, vibration and air quality in operation phase will be same as those of in construction phase (Figure 5.2.1-2). The duration of the monitoring will be two years. It is not necessary to monitor the surface water in the operation phase anymore. However, the monitoring parameters of the Bus Repair Facility in operation phase is different from those of in construction phase (Table 5.2.2-2), and the monitoring in operation phase will be carried out with the whole duration of the operation. 5.2.2 Parameters, Frequency and Duration Because the pollution in the Bus Repair Facility will be similar to that of the proposed roads, the monitoring program for the Facility will be the same as that of the proposed roads except some specific parameters. 109 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 5.2.2-1 presents the common parameters, frequency and duration in the construction and operation phases. Table 5.2.2-2 shows the special parameters, frequency and duration for the Bus Repair Facility. Table 5.2.2-1 Environmental Monitoring Plan in Construction Phase Activity Parameters Frequency Duration Sampling Responsibility point authority digging of noise Leq 3 days/time 24 hours/day 8 SEMC except foundation vibration Vleq 3 days/time 24 hours/day 8 monitoring air quality daily average: TSP, B(a)P 7 days/time >12 hours/day 8 managed by daily average: NOx, NO2, CO, HC, SO2 7 days/time >18 hours/day 8 envir.Division hourly average: NOx, NO2, CO, HC, 7 days/time. >45 8 in Bus Repair So2 4 times/day minutes/time Facility road paving noise Leq 3 days/time 24 hours/day 8 and building vibration Vleq 3 days/time 24 hours/day 8 construction surface water CODh,b, SS, Oil, NHr-N, pH 3 days/time once/day 5 Table 5.2.2-2 Environmental Monitorin Plan in O eration Phase Sampling point Parameters Frequency Duration Monitoring Responsibility time, year authority Lifu Hospital. noise Leq 3 days/time 24 hours/day once/winter SEMC except Shenyang University, vibration Vleq 3 days/time 24 hours/day once/summer monitoring South Yushan air quality daily average: 7 days/time >12 hours/day 3 years after managed by Apartment, TSP, B(a)P project 107, 32, 148 Middle daily average: 7 days/time >18 hours/day completion the enviro. School NOx, NO2, CO, Division in HC, SO2 Bus Repair Dadongmen Bus hourly average: 7 days/time. 4 >45 Facility Terminal NOx, NO2, CO, times/day minutes/time HC, S02 Bus Repair Facility noise Leq 3 days/time 24 hours/day air quality daily average: 7 days/time >12 hours/day TSP daily average: 7 days/time >18 hours/day NOx, NO2, CO, HC, SO2, Benzene and xylene hourly average: 7 days/time, >45 NOx, NO2, CO, 4 times/day minutes/day HC, SO2., Benzene and Bus Repair Facility noise Leq 3 days/time 24 hours/day vibration Vleq 3 days/time 24 hours/day surface water CODi1&, SS, 3 days/time once/day Oil, NH3-N, pH 110 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 5.2.2-3 Special Parame ers, Frequenc and Duration for the Bus Repa Facilit Paramneter Frequency Duration Activity Monitoring Authority Noise Leq 3 days/time 24 hours/day once/winter, the environmental once/sunmmer Air daily average: TSP 7 days/time >12 hours/day once/winter, division in the Bus Quality once/summer Repair daily average: NOx, NO2, CO, HC, 7 days/time >18 hourstday oncdwinter, Facility SO2, Benzene and xylene once/summer hourly average: NOx, NO2, CO, HC, 7 days/time, 4 >45 once/winter, S02, Benzene and xylene times/day minutes/day once/summer Surface COD, SS, Oil, pH 3 days/time once/day once/winter, Water oncetsummer . 111 Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 5.2.1-1 Location of Sampling Site for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Construction Phase 112C* 112~~~ Liaoning Urban Transport Project-Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Figure 5.2.1-2 Location of Sampling Site for Environmental Monitoring Plan during Operational Phase .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C .. . c~0 looy ~ ~ ~ ~~ 113 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 5.2.3 Responsibilities for Monitoring and Reporting The Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center will be responsible for environmental monitoring and reporting throughout the construction and operation phases. Other relevant inFtitutions, SEPB and Shenyang Public Security Bureau and SESI will provide related input on the monitoring and reporting. A report will be prepared after every monitoring activity and one comprehensive report will be produced annually. Contents of the report will include results of environmental monitoring in comparison with standard for various parameters, locations and sampling time. The report will be submitted to Shenyang EPB, SPO, and EA team in SESI. The reports will include all necessary information related to monitoring, such as monitoring results, sampling points, related analysis and necessary description. 5.3 Environmental Action Plan The Environmental Action Plan (EAP) will provide a framework for the implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management and monitoring during the construction and operation phases of the Shenyang subproject. This document details all commitments made in the EIA Report, and can be used as a reference to ensure all environmental protection measures are implemented. The following outline demonstrates the type of information which will be included in the proposed EAP. Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Action Plan 1. Introduction 1.1 Project Description 1.2 Objectives - (The objectives will include the successful implementation of environmental protection measures identified in EIA report) 1.3 Roles and Responsibilities of Various Institutions (The roles and responsibilities of the various institutions and regulatory agencies will be identified as well as proposed lines of communication and reporting relationships) 1.4 Environmental Standards (An overview of the environmental standards associated with this project will be provided in tabular form) 2. Environmental Protection Measures (Detailed environmental protection measures will be provided by phase of the project) 2.1 Design Phase (An overview of how the evaluation of alternatives considered the ways of minimizing environmental impact of the project will be provided, e.g. minimizing impacts of air pollution, noise, resettlement etc.) 2.2 Construction Phase (Environmental protection activities to avoid or minimize potential adverse impacts related to construction will be detailed, including details method to control dust and air pollution, noise, soil erosion and wvaler polluttionl) 114 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 2.3 Operation Phase (Environmental protection activities to avoid or minimize potential adverse impacts related to operation will be detailed, these will include details on method to minimize air pollution through vehicle control, inspection and maintenance; noise through restriction of use of horn; incorporation of appropriate set backs to minimize potential adverse impacts related to air, noise and obstruction of sunshine. Other measures may include the implementation of more stringent standards and methods to encourage the use of un-leaded gasoline, and increasing ofppublic awareness initiatives) 3. Environmental Monitoring Plan (Environmental monitoring is normally carried out during both construction and operation phases to ensure the effectiveness of mitigation measures, to respond to unanticipated environmental concerns at an early stage and to determine the accuracy of impact predictions. Specific monitoring program will be outlined by phase, as well as responsibilities for the collection and analysis of data and the reporting requirement) 3.1 Construction Phase (Monitoring Programs may include air quality, water quality, noise and vibration) 3.2 Operation Phase (Monitoring Programs may include air quality, water quality, noise and vibration) 4. Implementation of the Environmental Action Plan 4.1 Schedule for the Implementation of EAP (Details of the implementation schedule for EAP outlining relevant institutions responsible for various aspects will be provided Items to be addressed include timing of the installation of monitoring stations, personnel training for people involved in monitoring and training or environmental awareness programs for contractors) 4.2 Budget for the Implementation of EAP (Detailed budget for the implementation of EAP include area-specific mitigation measures such as cost of noise barrier and erosion control measures, cost for rehabilitation measures (e.g. planting of trees) and cost for the training programs and monitoring equipment will be provided) 115 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 6. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION Public participation is an important part of EIA, and essential to decision making. It is an important channel to identify public concerns, evaluate engineering design, propose mitigation measures, and enhance public consent and support. 6.1 Approach and Methodology According to the requirement of the World Bank OD4.01 and SEPA, investigations and public meetings were conducted by three rounds covering enterprises, institutions, service sectors, residents, schools and day care centers along the road. The first phase of public participation was conducted through surveys, site visit and meetings with enterprises, institutions and residents along Beiyi-Lianhe Road, Jianshe-Nanwu Road and Pangjiang Street for comments ( Nov. 12-Dec. 22, 1996) . The content of the project, major concerns of EIA and relevant mitigation measures were introduced to them for their opinion. Additionally, 500 survey forms were disseminated directly to residents, hospitals, schools and government agencies. During the second phase (Sept. 10-Sept. 30, 1997), the project was modified considering public opinion. And these modifications were announced to the public through site visit and meetings, to which the public are very satisfied. The third phase of public participation (Feb. 23- March 10, 1998) focus on the residents, hospitals and schools near the Bus Repair Facility, the Bus Terminal and along the Secondary Corridors, such as Nanjingnan Street, Shenzhou Road, etc. 300 survey forms were disseminated during the third phase public participation. 6.2 Surveys, Interviews and Public Meetings Surveys were conducted for area along Beiyi Road, Lianhe Road, Nanwu Road and Pangjiang Street. The area were on both side of the road extending outward 300 m from the center line. Totally 124 organizations were surveyed, including government agencies, schools, enterprises, shops, day care center and residential communities. More than 50 meetings were held, involving 3,000 people. Among the 500 survey forms, 470 were returned. 90% of organizations and 86% of individual resident surveyed supported the project. Totally 55 meetings were held, with total participants of 947, in which 815 people supported the project. The following tables show the results of surveys. 116 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 6.2-1 Meetings with Organizations Road Name of the organization Participants Agree Objection or no comments Beiyi Shenyang Smelting Plant 21 21 Road No. I Wool Textile Mill 16 16 Lifu Hospital 8 8 Guangming No.1 Preliminary School 44 44 Xinggong No. I Preliminary School 17 17 Lianhe Shenyang No. 2 Printing and Dying Plant 14 14 Road Shenyang Knitting Wool Plant 66 66 Shenyang Vegetable and Fruit General Company 54 54 Shenyang Railway Branch Bureau 13 13 Wanjia Health Care Product Company 9 7 2 Shenyang Commercial Institute 15 15 Nanwu Shenyang Beer Brewery 24 24 Road Northeast Architectural Design Institute 10 10 Tielu Middle School 16 14 2 Day Care Center of Commercial Bureau 12 12 Tiandu Restaurant 9 7 2 Yushan Restaurant 22 15 7 Taiyangcheng Entertainment Center 5 5 Wuzhou Medicine Company 8 5 3 Liaohe Material Company 6 6 Pangjiang Shenyang Qianlong Medicine Co. Ltd. 4 4 Street Zhongjie Friendship Plant 19 19 Donghuan Shop 6 6 No. 107 Middle School 46 46 _ Pangjiang Market 18 16 2 117 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Table 6.2-2 Meetings with Residential Representatives Road Name of Participants Agree Objection Residential Communities Beiyi Dorrnitor of No. I Wool Textile Mill 21 21 Road Dormitory of Textile Machinery Plant 9 9 Dormitory of Heavy Machinery Plant 17 17 Xita Community 19 19 Lianhe Biangiang Community 16 16 Road Xudong Community 20 20 Antu Street Community 11 X 11 Textile Mill Community 21 21 Minfu Community 26 26 Shenyang Railway Apartment Community 9 9 Yugong Comiunity 13 13 Huigongli Community 24 24 Wanbaoxincun 16 16 Nantwu Liuwei Community 29 20 Road Dormitory of Cement Machinery Plant 13 13 Shengli Community 11 11 West Yushan Apartment 13 8 5 South Yushan Apartrnent 7 5 2 Yichun Community 9 9 South Tongze Conmunrity 7 7 Dornitory of Provincial Commission 22 12 10 Dormitory of Northeast Electricity Management Bureau in Xinxing Street 27 20 7 Siwei 14 9 5 Jiuwei 12 12 Liuwei 24 20 4 Dormitory of Hydraulic Power Design Institute 16 1 0 6 Pangliang Xiangfa Community 9 9 Street Aigun Community 17 17 Lianhua Community 7 7 Donnitory of Mechanical and Electrical College 6 6 Beziyi Road Most of the buildings on the south side of Beiyi Road are large and medium-sized industrial enterprises, which will benefit from the project. Restaurants and shops impacted will either be reconstructed on site latterly or relocated to Yuhongnanli Community. So the project was fully accepted. Meanwhile, to the south of Beiyi Road are old flat-house residential areas in which residents will be resettled to new buildings. About 1400 families will be resettled to Yuhongnanli Community, which has better environment and improved living condition. Therefore, no objection opinions to the project too. PangJiang Street Only few residents are impacted and will be resettled to Xiyao Community. Therefore, little objection from the public. Lianhe Road The newly-built buildings along the road will not be impacted due to far distance, and most of those old residential buildings impacted by the project have already been resettled to Xiyao 118 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Community, which has better living environment. Hence, the project was accepted by most of the public surveyed. Nanwu Road There existed lots of objection to the road extension and construction of the viaduct due to noise pollution, sunshine obstruction and inconvenience for commercial activities. 6.3 Main Problems in Sensitive Areas and Solutions After the minutes 6f public meetings and the survey forms were carefully studied, the mostly concerned road sections and sensitive receptors together with solutions are summarized in following sections 6.3.1 Noise Pollution in Nanwu Road 6.3. 1.1 Concern The main concern of Nanwu Road is noise pollution, which caused nearly half objections from the institutions and residents surveyed. These objections mainly came from residents and restaurants along the road. 6.3.1.2 Solution This concern was reported to SPO. A discussion was subsequently held, participated by staff of LUCRPO, the design institute and environmental agencies. Finally, decision was made to install noise barrier in front of the residential buildings and restaurants along the road, and adopt SAP and DGW . The noise barrier is supposed to reduce noise level by 15-20 dB, which will basically solve the noise disturbance. DGW and air exchanger will be installed for the residents with noise level above the standard, which can reduce noise level by more than 20 dB. According to calculation, the noise level cari be limited within the national standard. After this meeting, the results were reported to the residents with noise level above the standard, they were satisfied for this solution. 6.3.2 Shenyang Vegetable and Fruit Company 6.3.2.1 Concern Shenyang Vegetable and Fruit Co. is located by Lianhe Road. It is a major distributing center of vegetable and fruit for Shenyang, with a daily floating population of 40,000. The main transportation tools here is man-powered vehicle. The previous design, which will limit access to the road and leave an overpass for these man-powered vehicles, was absolutely objected by the Company. The objection was also expressed by returned survey forms. 6.3.2.2 Solution The concern of Shenyang Vegetable and Fruit Co. was reported to SPO. After extensive study, the design was modified. The overpass was cancelled, and specific lane was assigned for man-powered vehicle, which will greatly increase traffic safety. When the new decision 119 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment was announced, the Company and all customers were very satisfied, and the General Manager of the company phoned SPO to express their sincere thanks. 6.3.3 Impacts on Customers Flow of Restaurants and Shops 6.3.3.1Concern The owners of the restaurants and shops along Nanwu Road ( e.g. Yushan Restaurant and Tiandu Restaurant) considered that the proposed viaduct would result in less customers, because it will be inconvenient for customers to get down to the surface road from the viaduct. Hence, the income of these restaurants and shops will decease. ..k 6.3.3.2 Solution This concern was also reported to SPO, and the design was modified. The new design will include an up ramp and a down ramp in Heping Square, which will provide great convenience for customers to visit these restaurants and shops. Meanwhile, additional advertise boards will be installed for the restaurants and shops to attract more people. 6.3.4 Sunshine Obstruction along Proposed Viaduct 6.3.4. 1 Concern This concern came from restaurants and a day care center (Yushan Restaurant, Tiandu restaurant and Day care center of Commercial Bureau) on the north side of Nanwu Road. The sunshine obstruction will reduce the lightness within restaurants and affect mood of customers, and especially affect sun-bath of outdoor playing children, according to the nurses. 6.3.4.2 Solution The restaurants were suggested to do internal decoration for the rooms along the road. Light- colour curtains could be hung, and the room be lightened. This is supposed to mitigate the dim feeling. The actual sunshine obstruction for the day care center occurred only in December and January. In the other months no sunshine obstruction will occur due to the change of height angle of the sun. While this period (December to January) is the coldest season in Shenyang, with an average temperature of -100C. Therefore, there is little outdoor activity for the children in the day care center due to the cold weather. 6.4 Public Comments on the Construction of the Bus Repair Facility, the Bus Terminal and the Improvement of Secondary Corridors The third phase of public participation was conducted through surveys, site visit and meetings with enterprises, institutions and residents along the Secondary Corridors and within 300m of the Bus Repair Facility and the Bus Terminal. 50 communities, including 14,000 households 120 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment with 46,000 residents; 11 hospitals; 8 schools; 22 shops and 3 markets were covered in the survey. 12 public meetings (1,000 people) were held and 215 forms were sent and returned. It indicated in the third phase of public participation that 100% people lived along the Secondary Corridors were agreed to the improvement. Meanwhile, the public were satisfied to the construction of the Bus Repair Facility and the Bus Terminal. 6.5 Conclusion The previous design has been modified several times based on extensive public participation. The current design-and related environmental mitigation are quite satisfied by public, because the people s life quality was fully considered together with traffic improvement. Therefore, the proposed project gets support from public due to public participation procedures. 121 Liaonig Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 7. CONCLUSIONS 7.1 Summary of Major Impacts When the project is completed, the environmental quality will be improved in the city center due to reduced traffic volume on the other roads and also a higher average speed on these routes; however, the environment immediately adjacent to the project route will be negatively impacted with respect to air quality and noise. 7.1.1 Air Quality The project will imprd*e transportation efficiency in the city center. Traffic will be smooth and there will be less congestion and less queuing at intersections. It is predicted that, as a result of the project, the average speed in the city center will increase to 29.8 km/hr from the current 21.4 km/hr. As the speed improves, the travel time and the emissions from vehicles will decrease resulting in a net improvement in the overall air quality. However, the traffic will increase along the proposed roads and the quality of the air will deteriorate. The analysis of air quality impacts was designed to evaluate these issues. Meanwhile, a Motor Vehicle Emission Control Strategy will be developed in the LUTP for the air quality in long term. Specifically, the four major analyses were as follows: a) Air quality along the roads, with the project; b) Air quality along the roads, without the project; c) Air quality in the city center, with the project; d) Air quality in the city center, without the project. These analyses were conducted for the year 2010. Air quality impacts along the roads were predicted using the US EPA CALINE3 model. Background concentrations of the criteria pollutants were not included in these analyses. 7.1.1.1 Impacts Along the Roads The air quality impact is most serious within 20 m away the redline of the surface road (30 m away of the viaduct) , in which the impact of NOx is most serious and the impact of CO, HC and NO2 are less. * Peak Hour Concentration Nitrogen Oxides (NOx): The maximum concentration with the project at 10 m from the road side will be 1.03 mg/m3, which will exceed the standard by a factor of 5.87; the maximum concentration without the project will be 0.92 mg/m3, which will exceed the standard by a factor of 5.13. The maximum concentration with the project is 12% higher than that of without the project. The zone of influence will be within 500 m. Carbon Monoxide (CO): The maximum concentration with the project will be 17.25mg/m3, which will exceed the standard by a factor of 0.73, the maximum concentration without the project will be 15.05mg/m3, which will exceed the standard by 122 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment a factor of 0.51. The maximum concentration with the project is 15% higher than that of without the project. The impact will be within 50 m. Hydrocarbon (HC): The concentration with or without the project will be under the standard. However, the maximum concentration with the project is 14% higher than that of without the project. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2): The concentration with or without the project will be under the standard. However, the maximum concentration with the project is 12% higher than without. * Daily Average C,ncentration NOx: The maximum concentration with the project will be 0.38 mg/m3, which will exceed the standard by a factor of 2.8, the maximum concentration without the project will be 0. 1mg/m3, which will be under the standard. The maximum concentration with the project is 280 % higher than that of without the project. The zone of influence within 100 m. CO: The maximum concentration with the project will be 5.59 mg/m3, which will exceed the standard by a factor of 0.4, the maximum concentration without the project will be 5.04 mg/m3, which will exceed the standard by a factor of 0.26. The maximum concentration with the project is 11% higher than that of without the project. The zone of influence will be within 40 m. HC: The concentration with or without the project will be under the standard. The maximum concentration with the project is 12% higher than that of without the project. N02: The concentration with or without the project will be under the standard. The maximum concentration with the project is 28% higher than without. In summary, the ambient air pollutant concentrations, particularly NOx are higher alone the roads with the project than without. However, the project is positive to the whole urban city according to analysis of following section(7. 1.1.2). 7.1.1.2 Impacts in the City Center In the feasibility study report of the project, it shows that the annual increase rate of MV fleet is 7% in the urban city. Based on the prediction in Environmental Quality Report in Shenyang, 1995, the annual increase rate of pollutant emission will be 16.1%. From the results of the emission modelling, the exhaust emission of MVs in the urban city in 2010 is fixed, however, the percentage of emission prediction with the project in the emission of the whole urban city is higher that the percentage without the project. Hence, the project will result in heavy exhaust emission of MVs along the project roads. Moreover, from the point of view of total pollution load, the impact of exhaust emission on the other roads with the project in the urban city will be less than without, because more traffic is attracted to the other road after the completion of the project. It was predicted that NOx would be lower by 49.6%, CO by 31.1%, HC by 45.8% and NO2 by 5%. For instance, the comparison result of with and without the project for Beier Road (a typical road section out of the project) shows that the 123 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment concentration of Beier Road with the project is lower that without (CO concentration reduced by 0.9 mg/mr3, NOx by 0.lmg/m3, HC by 0.6mg/m3, NO2 by 0.01mg/rn3). All above results demonstrate that the project will help slow down ambient air quality degradation in the city center. 7.1.2 Noise 7.1.2.1 Impacts Along the Roads * The Zone of Influence .A . The zone of influence of viaduct with the project in day-time is 50-100 m, more than 100 m in the night; and 20-50 m in day-time, 70-100 m in the night without the project. For the road at grade, the zone of influence with the project in day-time is 10-80 m, 70-200 m in the night; and 10-30 m in day-time, 50-100 m in the night without the project. The noise levels of the fifth to eighth floor is most serious. * The Impacts on the Jianshe-Nanwu Road (elevated) It is predicted that the noise level with the project at 5 m to the redline of the road exceeded the standard by 6.7 dB in day-time, 11.3 dB in the night-time; and 5.3 dB in day-time, 10.2 dB in the night-time without the project. The noise level with the project is 1.4 dB higher than that of without the project in day-time, and 1.1 dB in night-time. - The Inpacts on Beiyi-Lianhe Road and Pangjiang Street (at grade) From the prediction, it showed that the noise level Leq with the project exceeded the standard by 3.5 to 13.8 dB in day-time, 8.3 to 18.2 dB in the night; and 2.7 to 10.2 dB in day-time, 1.8 to 15.0 dB in the night without the project. The noise level with the project is 0.8 to 3.6 dB higher than that of without the project in day-time, and 3.2 to 6.5 dB in night-time. 7.1.2.2 Impacts in the City Center The operation of proposed roads will decrease traffic volume of the existing roads in the city center. About 20-30% of traffic on these roads will be attracted to the newly built roads. It is predicted that the noise level along the road in the city center will be reduced by 1-5 dB with the project than without. 7.1.3. Vibration When the project is in operation, all the vibration levels along the roads can meet the standard. 124 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 7.1.4 Sunshine Obstruction Because the proposed Jianshe-Nanwu Road is an elevated road, the sunshine time on the both sides will decrease from 5.5 hours to 2.6 hours. There is no impact of sunshine obstruction on the other road sections. 7.1.5 Terrestrial Environment The road widening will demolish some trees and green spaces in the existing road. However, newly built green separation barriers (99,396 mi2) will mitigate the impact in some extent. Additional 1,856 trees will also be planted along the new roads. The green space will be 27,627 m2 more than existing. The total length of afforestation is 23.7 m. The additional green areas will produce a better ecological environment and scene for the city. 7.1.6 Hydrology and Water Quality The proposed roads are predicted to have no significant impact on existing water quality. 7.2 Socio-economic Components 7.2.1 Impacts on Urban Traffic With the rapid economic development in resent years, the serious traffic problem is becoming one of the major reason to restrain the development in the urban area of the city. There is not an east-west corridor in the city, because the east section of Beiyi Road and the west section of Lianhe Road are missing links. Jianshe-Nanwu Road and Pangjiang Street are bottle necks with heavy traffic. To connect the missing links and co'nstruct Gonghe Interchange will provide an east-west traffic corridor in the urban area. The corridor will attract more traffic from Shifu Road in the city center. The First Ring Road will play a dominant role of traffic in the city center after the construction of proposed viaduct(from Aigong Street to Fangxing Square) of Jianshe-Nanwu Road and the widening of Pangjiang Street. The missing connection of Tianguang Street, Shenzhou Road and Sanjing Street; and the widening of Zhulin Road, Helongjiang Street and Nanjingnan Street will provide help on comprehensive upgrading of the road network in the urban city. To construct or upgrade the Bus Repair Facility and the Bus Terminal will reduce the time person trip and improve better condition for the bus riders, which has a prominent social and economic benefit. 7.2.2 Impacts on Community Environment The existing community along Beiyi Road is an old residential area with some shabby single- story buildings and inadequate infrastructure. The new road will provide some opportunity to improve the infrastructure and develop the economic in the community. The living quality will also be improved by newly built rehabilitation buildings for the resettled residents. 125 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment The new corridor will not only improve the traffic from east to west, but also promote the economic development in the whole city. 7.2.3 Impacts on Economic Development Based on the results in the survey of existing communities, the completion of the project will promote the material and cultural exchange among the districts in the city; speed up the development of industry, commnerce and service, finance, information and post; and provide more employment. The operation of the Beiyi-Lianhe Corridor will play an important role of the economic development in the ciV' and benefit the social environment. 7.2.4 Impacts on Living Quality of People The person trip time will be reduced after the construction of the roads, especially in east to west. The convenient and smooth traffic will also benefit the commercial and service industry. 7.3 Summary of Mitigation Measures 7.3.1 Design Phase 7.3.1.1 Noise Construction Materials * The construction of viaduct will result in more extensive and louder traffic noise to the vicinity of the viaduct. Surface road is always the solution and no viaduct will be constructed except that the capacity is still insufficient through road widening. * Larger structures and the application of flexible joints, as well as minimizing the number of joints (crevices) will be used for viaduct and interchange to reduce the noise generated due to bumps by vehicles. * Application of flexible supports, such as rubber plates and bowl shaped biers, will be used for viaduct and interchange to buffer vibration of the structure and resulting noise. * In order to ensure traffic safety and minimize noise impacts caused by MV horn, green space will be used to separate MV and NMV for roads with 40 m or wider width of red line. * Instead of operation in the open air, bus repair facility and bus terminal will be housed in fully closed building structures in order to reduce noise impact to the surrounding areas. Sound Absorption Barrier Design The location, shape, material, and height of SABs with roadside absorptive lining is dependent on the function of roadside buildings, noise levels, road structure, resistance to wind and erosion, safety and urban landscape. As part of the integration of mitigation into project design, the Shenyang Municipal Design 126 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment Institute has assisted with the preliminary design of noise mitigation structures. The primary structures proposed for noise mitigation are SABs, taking aluminum alloy frame and PC stamina plate of 3.5 mmn thick (light transparent rate 80%). However other methods such as increasing the height of road dividers are also proposed. The locations of areas requiring noise barriers and preliminary design drawings are shown in Figure 4.3.4-1. These drawings have been incorporated for information only, as they may be modified during the detailed design phase. The originals are available through the Municipal Design Institute. Protection of Resident Buildings and Sensitive Receptors adjacent to the Road In order to minimize potential noise impacts, representatives from the Shenyang Project Office, Shenyang Ezqvironmental Science Institute and Shenyang Municipal Design Institute carried out on-site visits to the buildings and sensitive receptors along the project roads and discussed in detail the noise mitigation measures proposed. The parties reached agreement on noise control measures. Noise Mitigation Design for Bus Repair Facility In the design phase, vibration reduction pad will be designed for large-sized stamping equipment causing high vibration, and soft connection with rubber or canvas will be used at the outlets of the air blowers in order to minimized noise and vibration. 7.3.1.2 Vibration D Larger structures and the application of flexible joints, as well as minimizing the number ofjoints will be used for viaduct and interchange to reduce vibration. * Application of flexible supports, such as rubber plates and bowl shaped supports for viaduct and interchange to buffer vibration of structure and resulting noise. 7.3.1.3 Air Quality Emission Treatment Process Design for Paint-spraying and Baking-finish of the Bus Repair Facility In order to mitigate air pollution from paint-spraying and baking-finish, catalytic combustion process will be designed for the treatment of the emission from paint-spraying and baking- finish. Dust Removal Process Design for Boiler Emission In the process design of the Bus Repair Facility, rough stone water film dust precipitator will be considered for the treatment of the boiler emission. 7.3.1.4 Water Quality Treatment Process for Waste Water withI Oil Contaminant Vehicle external washing wastewater and oil contaminated water of the Bus Repair Facility will firstly go into the oil removal tank to get rid of suspended oil and sedimentation sludge, 127 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment and go to aeration tank to remove soluble oil and fine suspended particles and then enter water recycling tank through filter. The effluent will be pumped to the water consumption workshops for vehicle and floor washing and surplus water will be discharged. Battery Cell Washing Water Treatment Process Design The battery cell washing water and the waste liquid from the Bus Repair Facility will be recovered by electrolyzation and neutralized with alkali waste liquid in the neutralization tank so to achieve the target pH value for discharge. Velhicle Washzing Waste Water Treatment Design Vehicle washing wastewater from the Bus Terminal mainly contains suspended particles. Sedimentation tank is specially designed for Bus Terminal and yehicle-washing wastewater will be discharged after treatment in the sedimentation tank. 7.3.1.5 Vegetation and Landscape - Box beams are to be adopted in the viaduct design. - In the design, trees will be planted on the roadsides, bushes and lawns grow in the separation space, ivy and lawn cover areas around interchanges. 7.3.1.6 People Living Quality For road section where there is no intersection, pedestrian crossing zebras at 1 1 locations will be marked at every distance of 300 rn or in front of the school gates along the project roads. Pedestrian traffic signals must be installed at crossings of six or more MV traffic lanes (such as Pangjiang Street, Beiyi Road, Lianhe Road and Nanjing Street). 7.3.2 Construction Phase 7.3.2.1 Noise Although it is inevitable that noise will be generated during construction, noise impacts on surrounding areas can be mitigated to some extent. Contractors must abide by the provisions for construction noise prevention and control in the environmental noise prevention and control regulations in Shenyang. The following mitigation measures are recommended: * Take magnesite slab or plastic fabric (2-3 m height) to enclose the construction site of interchange or viaduct to mitigate noise; * Article 30 of the National Environmental Pollution Prevention Law (took effect on March 1, 1997) stipulates all noisy constructions are prohibited during night-time except rush- repair, emergency or special process needs, requiring the permit from Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau and announcement to the residents by the contractor. * Employ low noise machinery and carry out monthly inspection and maintenance; * Contractor will rationalize work schedule and siting, keep noisy operations away from the sensitive receptors; * Construction structures, such as viaduct structures used for Nanwu Road viaduct, Gonghe Interchange and Fangxing Square Interchange will be prefabricated off-site and then 128 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Sbenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment transported to the construction site for installation; * If monitoring result shows noise exceeds the standard, Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center will immediately report to the Shenyang Project Office and this office will compel the contractor to cease the operation. 7.3.2.2 Vibration * To mitigate vibration of large construction machinery, contractors must abide by the environmental noise and control regulations in Shenyang. It is prohibited to use steam, diesel engines and impact piling in the entire project sites. * Except for emergency engineering, operation of strong vibration machinery is limited to 6:00 a.m.- 10:OQ p.m. Any extension of operation time must be approved by Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau with appropriate mitigation measures in place. * Low vibration level machinery will be required and must be subject to regular maintenance and repairs to be kept in good working order. 7.3.2.3 Air Quality The Subproject construction will take a number of years and cover wide areas. Mitigation measures to prevent or reduce dust are as follows: * Debris from building demolition must be moved away in a day and dusty construction materials such as double ash gravel will be transported as required and there allow no piling-up at the construction site; * Construction sites of viaduct or interchange must be enclosed with magnesite slab and plastic fibre (2-3 m height); * Water spraying will be conducted three times per day to reduce dust; * Vehicles transporting loose materials must be covered with straw mats; * Concrete mixing will be done in the suburban concrete mixing station; * Proper operations, maintenance and repair of power generators and construction machinery will be carried out to minimize emissions. 7.3.2.4 Vegetation and Landscape The following measures will be implemented: * Contractors must protect existing green space beyond the red line from construction to operation. If the vegetation damages, it must be replanted to compensate. * Trees and lawn of 236,700 m2 are going to be planted along the project roads, of which 36,000 m2 for Jianshe-Nanwu Corridor, 23,800 m2 for Beiyi Road, 73,500 m2 forLianhe '-Road, 18,000 m2 for Pangjiang Street, 17,400 m2 for Zhulin Road, 11,000 m2 forNanjing Street, 12,500 m2 for Sanjing Street, 6,500 m2 for Heilongjiang Street, 8,100 m2 for for Shenzhou Road and 9,900 m2 for Tianguang Street; * Woods of 20,000 m2 will be planted in the west of the Bus Repair Facility. 7.3.2.5 Sunshine Store-houses for construction materials will be located opposite to the sunshine and behind 129 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment the residential buildings and at a certain distance of the sensitive receptors. 7.3.2.6 Water Quality k The domestic sewage of the workers during construction phase will be discharged into municipal drainage system through public toilet on street or temporary toilet or will be transported to farm land and used as fertilizer. * The runoff of the rain will be discharged into municipal drainage system. * The waste water collection facility will be installed in the construction site when North Canal section of Lianhe Road is under construction. Therefore the rain can go into municipal drainage system through outlets. * Construction maclixiery will be maintained periodically to avoid fuel leakage. 7.3.2.7 People Living Quality * When carrying out construction in front of schools, the construction responsible unit will appoint a specific person or persons to guide the pupils travel through the construction site; * Pedestrian crossing zebra will be marked when the construction is in density residential area or commercial area; path with prevention net will be installed when constructing a viaduct or an interchange; ? Separate roadside construction will be adopted for road widening in order to provide traffic convenience. 7.3.3 Operation Phase 7.3.3.1 Noise * The vehicle noise emission will be monitored annually based on noise standard. Curtailed inspection will be undertaken on road for MWs. The vehicle that can not meet the standard must be maintained or changed by sile'ncer. * Horn prohibition of MV will be carried out based on the Notice of Horn Prohibition of MV within First Ring Road in Shenyang issued by Municipality in July 1995. * Heavy-duty vehicles (trucks) are prohibited to travel along the proposed viaducts since April 5 1998, according to Notice on Readjustment of Truck Volume within the Second Ring Road in Shenyang (July, 1995) issued by Shenyang Transportation Command Center. * The noise barriers and pavement will be maintained periodically. 7.3.3.2 Vibration The rougher the road surface becomes due to wear over time, the stronger the vibration. In addition, vibration will increase if changes occur to fleet composition and speed pattern, e.g., a greater proportion of heavy-duty and medium-duty vehicles. * To prevent and reduce traffic vibration during the operation phase to meet the requirement for various zones prescribed by the Environmental Vibration Standard for Urban Areas (GB 10070-88), attention will be paid to road structure and efficient road and traffic 130 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment management. * Restrict timely freight vehicle traffic in the urban area since April 5,1998 according to the Notice on Freight Vehicle Traffic Flow Arrangement within the Second Ring Road issued by Shenyang Traffic Steering Committee on April 1, 1998; 7.3.3.3 Air Quality In regard of the long-term air quality of the city, transport project benefit will be offset by motor vehicle growth. In order to mitigate the long-term impact of a transport project on the air quality, and finally achieve a sustainable improvement of the air quality in the project city, a long-term Motor-Vehicle Emission Control Strategy will be developed and implemented in addition to the follo,Fving decided mitigation measures. Unleaded Fuel According to the Document (1997) No.85 issued by the Administrative Department of Shenyang Municipal Government, unleaded fuel will be used from Nov. 1 1998 onwards in Shenyang city, and there will be no lead in the emission to pollute the environment. Public Transport Promotion Measure will be taken to add new bus routes, to adjust existing bus routes and to create bus- only lanes to attract more people travel by buses, increase the modal share and in addition, reduce emission from motorized vehicles. Road Improvement This project will is aiming to improve road smoothness and to install MV and NMV separation and incremental signals on roads with 40 m or wider width of red line. The objective is to improve traffic condition, reduce number of stops, increase travel speed, as a result to mitigate pollution in the near future. Buses Inspection and Maintenance Enforcement Considering the fact that air pollution caused by bus noise and emission is greater than the other vehicles, a new Bus Repair Facility is to be built in the suburb of Shenyang. This facility will annually undertake major repair for 500 vehicles (400 buses and 100 mini buses) and medium repair for 500 vehicles (400 buses and 100 mini buses). Motor Vehicle Emission Control Strategy (MVECS) Development Th'ough Shenyang has already included the (MVECS) strategy to apply unleaded fuel, clean fuel and emission clarification facilities in the Ninth Five Year Plan and 2010 Plan for Shenyang Environmental Protection, more comprehensive, Systematic, scientific and practical control strategy is needed because of increasing serious pollution caused by urban traffic and transport. Therefore, Shenyang city has decided to include a Technical Assistance & Training component relate to Motor Vehicle Emission Control Strategy (MVECS). The MVECS will consists of but not limited to the following mitigation measures: 131 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 1) Collect information and assess current situation 2) Research of the future trends on the motor vehicle fleet, emission control technologies and other factors which may affect the growth of motor vehicles such as population, urban development and standards of living in the future; predict the variation in motor vehicle emissions, air pollution load and air quality in the future in the city 3) Study various technologies in motor vehicle emission control and reduction (the focus will be on their effectiveness and success in application) 4) On the basis of a clear understanding of the issue facing the project cities, the trends of motor vehicle growth and impact of the emissions on air quality, and knowledge of motor vehicle emission control technologies and programs, a series of motor vehicle control measures will be dev'eloped as the core of the strategy. These measures will include but not limited to: - A * Promote unleaded fuel * Stringent on motor vehicle emission control standard and regulations * Enhanced Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Program * Introducing catalyst clarification facility * Motor improvement * Vehicle replacement * Inspecting and imposing Vehicle Emission Control Standard and Regulations * Making major efforts to develop public transport * Increasing MV speed * Limiting MV fleet in the urban area * Technical innovation of clean fuel or substitute fuel 5) A detailed plan will be developed to ensure the strategy will be adopted and implemented. The details may include designate executive/responsible agencies, implementing schedule, budget allocation, monitoring and reporting procedures, and feedback system. 6) Reporting: The MVECS development is included in the T.A. of the LUTP and completed by December 200 1(the main responsible agency is the Project Office). The total input will be 40 man-months and the total cost about 150,000 US dollars for the three project cities. Shenyang will contribute 50,000 US dollars. MVECS Implementation From December 2002, mitigation measures of the MVECS will be gradually implemented and the specific action plan will be developed in the study. New Paint-spraying Material The Bus Repair Facility is going to take a new type of diluent of high effect and multiple functions to reduce pollution caused by benzene series. 7.3.3.4 Sunshine It is very difficult to improve the sunshine level by only increasing the setback. Changing the use of affected buildings is recommended as the prime way of minimizing impact as 132 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment discussed below. Change the use of adjacent buildings wherever feasible. * Locate rooms such as nurseries, kindergartens, sanitariums, and greenhouses, which require long exposure to sunshine at the roadsides with Class 1 sunshine level, or if possible, on the higher floors to avoid sunshine obstruction. Locate rooms such as schools, offices, public buildings and general workshops along roadsides with Class 2 sunshine level. Locate general residential buildings and general service buildings along roadsides with relatively low sunshine levels or on lower floors. 7.3.3.5 Water Qu Iity An emergency plan will be developed for the operation phase to prevent water pollution of the North Canal and gullies from accidental spills of fuels and hazardous chemicals. Emergency Plan An emergency plan will be developed to prevent water pollution of the North Canal and gullies from accidental spills of fuels and hazardous chemicals. To avoid accidental leakage during the transportation of dangerous goods, the department of transportation regulates certification. The Public Security Bureau issues permits for the transportation of dangerous goods. If an accident does occur, personmel from the Environmental Protection Bureau, the Public Security Bureau, and transportation departments will handle it accordingly. Permission Licence for Transportation of Hazardous Goods - Shenyang Hazardous Goods Transportation Regulation stipulates: transportation of dangerous goods must be approved by the city transportation department, and a permission licence must be obtained; the motor vehicle being used must be in good condition with corresponding equipment for fire protection and a dangerous goods sign. It also stipulates that no three-wheel motor vehicle, tractor, NMVs or motorcycle is allowed to carry dangerous goods. * To transport explosive and chemical dangerous goods, carriers must obtain a permit for explosive goods transportation or a permit for hazardous chemical transportation from the Public Security Bureau. Response to Accidents * The National Environmental Protection Law stipulates that when there is an accident or incident, the responsible organization must take action immediately; inforn the affected or possible affected organizations and residents; report to the local Environmental Protection Bureau and other related organization, and submit to any investigation required. * If any dangerous goods leakage or accident occurs on the project roads, according to the National Water, Air Pollution Prevention and Shenyang Pollution Prevention Management Regulation, the accident will be handled by Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau, Shenyang Public Security Bureau, and relevant transportation departments. 133 Liaoning Urban Transport Project - Shenyang Subproject Environmental Impact Assessment 7.4 Resettlement and Rehabilitation 3,107 households (6,2743.4 in2), with 9,329 residents, will be resettled in the project. 75 establishments, 16 institutions and 65 enterprises (61,023 mi2), 7,198 employees, will be affected. The rehabilitation is shown in Table 4.8-2. 7.5 Public Participation 124 units and 3,000 persons were involved in the public participation, in which more than 90% of them are positi4e to the project. The EA report were receipt by most of the public. 7.6 General Conclusions In summary, Liaoning Urban Transport Project (LUTP)-Shenyang Subproject will assist in providing a solution to traffic congestion in the city center, improve the quality of urban life and stimulate economic development. It also create a nice condition to develop new space for the city, calming the existing traffic and improve ecological environment. The project will result in some degradation of air quality within the immediate vicinity of the alignment (about 150 m) but will make a positive contribution to air quality improvement in the overall urban area, especially in the city center. The noise level will also be increased in some sections of the roads. From the view of pollutant load control in the city, the project has obvious environmnental and social benefit. Therefore, the project is feasible environmentally, if the preferred option for particular road sections are selected, and if the recommended mitigation measures are implemented effectively, which these measures will help prevent and minimize potentially adverse impacts. The project also allows for the opportunity to enhance the environment in the city center though longer term solutions such as traffic management, urban planning and implementing the various components of the motor vehicle pollution control proposals in the near future. 134 lionihs~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~oy #oooEnw Roeoo o,.o. *..b1(00 I,, f d f R od steol 0.01. sst ion :1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~M W=r vj =$-L-1 , s1,_ (5 = = I >.9.5 1 -- - bvta5w - Irk.) ,. . w I 3 I s '1______________ __ Iuy il4 ilv U. 'V U sV 5wo sVNY *_ Sonoh, _ood-~on.o Io. aini I.cb.n(. . I- < I I e ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~lisoVA Sood ivp#tOl Or... cal.. _~~~~ _ Jlonoh. Rood-N onno Reo cloo ..cflwon() .00 001N l s ll lS l *-i -|- ! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~og........ I_ongi hod t10oX1 0000 ollsoo,cs H~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~OdnodO.ho to .10,o1h -ogo W ~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .0.0 WO1 o $ -Poga.on9 Street typkol tross Section _Binb Rood-Dodong food K mv 0 IS 2 2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~''*0 I 3.. 3 2u .i . L ,3 I3I23* NMV p t i NSV |0 i6 66 p...,ttV ii - dn* 1 j tot'0'r- r Zh.linf Rood typkol tross section typical Cools ocn6oo A~~~~ ~ ~~~~~ It tI 00 % thnolg hhroat Jgi 6 - 1 _ 3 3 t I - Shurnhog Rood ,pycoi cross s,ecleb Nonjing Stree typicol Crete *ooli. Shopong road- hnba load a 7~ ~ I~I-*-3-7-549~ t:6 S WV:- ?1;-_; * | 2 1 7 5 ~~40 A ~Ai l d|e*1 NV | |O__ _ Nonjing Stl6 lypicol .rots stIio Second Ring Rood-Shoyong rood clo t. sg Stret pi-l c.... ff.. 00 000" 1N, *O1( P