47319 v2 Low-carbon Energy Projects for Development in Sub-Saharan Africa Unveiling the Potential, Addressing the Barriers Results per Country Companion volume (vol. 2) Christophe de Gouvello, Felix B. Dayo, and Massamba Thioye Norwegian Trust Fund for Private Sector and Infrastructure 2008 The World Bank Washington, DC © 2008 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: feedback@worldbank.org All rights reserved This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. 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The NTF-PSI funds activities across the World Bank and International Finance Corporation (IFC) that aim to develop WBG and client-country capacity, promote inclusion of cross-cutting issues into World Bank and IFC operations, and foster cooperation among WBG units. NTF-PSI activities are broadly grouped into four strategic windows: investment climate and governance, infrastructure service delivery to the poor, petroleum governance initiative, and existing global/regional programs or multi-donor trust funds. Proposed themes, activities, and programs are prioritized by the WBG and agreed between the WBG and the Donor during semi- annual discussions. Contribution funds target the poorest countries comprising the bottom three categories of the Development Assistance Committee List of Aid Recipients (least developed, other low-income countries, and lower middle-income countries), with approximately 50 percent of funds allocated for Africa. Contents CONSOLIDATED RESULTS (ALL COUNTRIES) ........................................................................... 4 ANGOLA ................................................................................................................................ 6 BENIN ................................................................................................................................... 8 BOTSWANA ......................................................................................................................... 10 BURKINA FASO .................................................................................................................... 12 BURUNDI ............................................................................................................................. 14 CAMEROON ......................................................................................................................... 16 CAPE VERDE ....................................................................................................................... 18 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC............................................................................................... 20 CHAD .................................................................................................................................. 22 COMOROS........................................................................................................................... 24 CONGO, DEM. REP.............................................................................................................. 26 CONGO, REP....................................................................................................................... 28 CÔTE D’IVOIRE.................................................................................................................... 30 EQUATORIAL GUINEA ........................................................................................................... 32 ETHIOPIA ............................................................................................................................ 34 GABON ............................................................................................................................... 36 GAMBIA............................................................................................................................... 38 GHANA................................................................................................................................ 40 GUINEA ............................................................................................................................... 42 GUINEA BISSAU ................................................................................................................... 44 KENYA ................................................................................................................................ 46 LIBERIA ............................................................................................................................... 48 MADAGASCAR ..................................................................................................................... 50 MALAWI .............................................................................................................................. 52 MALI ................................................................................................................................... 54 MAURITANIA ........................................................................................................................ 56 MAURITIUS .......................................................................................................................... 58 MOZAMBIQUE ...................................................................................................................... 60 NAMIBIA .............................................................................................................................. 62 NIGER ................................................................................................................................. 64 NIGERIA .............................................................................................................................. 66 RWANDA ............................................................................................................................. 68 SENEGAL ............................................................................................................................ 70 SEYCHELLES ....................................................................................................................... 72 SIERRA LEONE .................................................................................................................... 74 SOMALIA ............................................................................................................................. 76 SOUTH AFRICA .................................................................................................................... 78 SUDAN ................................................................................................................................ 80 SWAZILAND ......................................................................................................................... 82 TANZANIA ............................................................................................................................ 84 TOGO ................................................................................................................................. 86 UGANDA ............................................................................................................................. 88 ZAMBIA ............................................................................................................................... 90 ZIMBABWE .......................................................................................................................... 92 Errata................................................................................................................................. 94 Consolidated Results for Africa (All) Page 4 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data 45 COGEN SCM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF No cost data was available for the listed categories 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 40 LIGHTING EEI IN HOUSEHOLD AGRI RESIDUES FOREST RESID MOTOR EEI DISTRIB EFF IM - 11 * 35 GAS LEAKAGE TYPHA VAL WOOD INDUSTRIES expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 366 BRT COGEN EEI IN HOUSEH - 74 30 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 1 GAS LEAKAGE - 1 FLARING 25 REFINERY BRT - 260 FUEL SWITCH - 66 JATROPHA CCGT FLARING - 918 20 CHARCOAL 1 225 LANDFILLS 1 9 HYDRO CEMENT 4 28 15 CMM 5 25 JATROPHA 14 3,712 10 HYDRO 18 529 CMM CCGT 20 361 REFINERY 21 43 5 CEMENT COGEN 24 729 CHARCOAL TYPHA VAL 27 31 LANDFILLS AGRI RESIDUES 27 1,408 - WOOD INDUST 28 203 - 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 FOREST RESID 28 626 LIGHTING 36 133 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN SCM 41 24 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data and/or no REFINERY 2,500,000 power generation from projects factor = 90%) MW COGEN SCM JATROPHA Investment Cost HYDRO Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects CEMENT to the project DSTRIB EFF CCGT HYDRO STEAM CMM REFINERY No cost data and/or no power generation from projects ($/MW) LANDFILLS 2,000,000 EEI IN AGRI RESIDUES MOTOR EEI FOREST RESIDUES FOREST RESID COGEN CEMENT - - CHARCOAL WOOD INDUSTRIES expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IM - 4,056 TYPHA VAL GAS LEAKAGE CMM STEAM - - EEI IN HOUSEH - 1,412 1,500,000 BRT MOTOR EEI - 740 CHARCOAL - - FUEL SWITCH GAS LEAKAGE - - BRT - - LIGHTING FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 COGEN SCM FLARING - 44,826 LIGHTING 312,500 15,246 COGEN 1,000,000 17,844 LANDFILLS 1,154,813 10 FLARING CCGT 1,200,000 5,931 500,000 CMM 1,200,000 109 WOOD INDUST 1,400,000 4,057 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 27,504 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 12,483 TYPHA VAL 1,400,000 593 - REFINERY 1,400,000 659 - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 HYDRO 1,463,517 6,443 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 661 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,930,533 27,748 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Africa (All) Page 5 Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 204 373 67 553 321 406 40 55 3 555 46 26 Annual emissions reductions in tCO2 per year CCGT 36,080,815 72,940,120 2,442,294 140,843,059 62,578,626 20,339,706 3,102,880 91,760,900 895,694 176,761,983 2,841,229 4,338,440 Emissions reductions in percent of the country emissions CCGT 5.3% 10.7% 0.4% 20.7% 9.2% 3.0% 0.5% 13.5% 0.1% 26.0% 0.4% 0.6% Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 360,808,148 729,401,198 24,422,941 1,408,430,587 625,786,259 203,397,057 31,028,800 917,608,995 8,956,943 3,712,001,634 28,412,291 43,384,396 Value of the emissions reductions in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 3,608,081,482 7,294,011,976 244,229,410 14,084,305,870 6,257,862,589 2,053,867,084 310,288,000 9,176,089,952 89,569,428 37,120,016,342 284,122,911 433,843,960 Value of the emissions reductions in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 1,804,040,741 3,647,005,988 122,114,705 7,042,152,935 3,128,931,295 1,029,900,617 155,144,000 4,588,044,976 44,784,714 18,560,008,171 142,061,456 216,921,980 Annual electricity generation of the projects in GWh CCGT 51,912 156,314 3,489 216,842 98,415 31,987 4,675 353,409 49 218,767 - 5,777 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 Projects electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity geCCGT 16% 48% 1% 66% 30% 10% 1% 108% 0% 67% 0% 2% Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 Additional power due to the projects implementation (load factor = 90% CCGT 5,931 17,844 661 27,504 12,483 4,057 593 44,826 10 27,748 - 659 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 8.6% 25.9% 1.0% 40.0% 18.1% 5.9% 0.9% 65.1% 0.0% 40.3% 0.0% 1.0% Total cost of the projects in million US$ CCGT 7,117 17,844 991 38,506 17,476 5,680 830 - 11 53,569 124 923 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects or PoAs number 20 211 49 30 20 18 68 13 63 26 60 472 36% Annual emissions reductions in tCO2 per year 1,131,566 36,636,292 13,267,555 7,440,033 1,534,021 2,472,075 22,475,397 72,102 12,390,164 25,172,819 3,151,461 21% Emissions reductions in percent of the country emissions 2.2% 5.4% 2.0% 1.1% 0.2% 0.4% 3.3% 0.0% 1.8% 3.7% 0.5% Reductions over project life (10 or 21 years) 11,315,664 366,362,919 132,675,549 74,400,332 1,388,955 24,720,752 224,753,971 721,019 260,193,452 528,629,192 66,180,679 Value of the emissions reductions in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 113,156,638 3,663,629,186 1,326,755,491 744,003,318 13,889,550 247,207,522 2,247,539,707 7,210,195 2,601,934,521 5,286,291,915 661,806,785 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 56,578,319 1,831,814,593 663,377,745 372,001,659 6,944,775 123,603,761 1,123,769,854 3,605,097 1,300,967,261 2,643,145,958 330,903,393 Annual electricity generation of the projects in GWh 31,974 - 17,269 11,131 5,837 809 - - - 35,961 - 32% Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,079 327,157 Projects electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 10% 0% 5% 3% 2% 0% 0% 0% 0% 11% 0% Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,825 294,903 Additional power due to the projects implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 4,056 - 15,246 1,412 740 109 - - - 6,443 - Countries' installed power in MW 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 68,841 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.9% 0.0% 22.1% 2.1% 1.1% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 9.4% 0.0% Total cost of the projects in million US$ - - 4,764 - - 130 218 - - 9,429 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number (counting 1 PoA as 1 project) ALL SE 3,227 - - 472 PoA number ALL SE 361 Annual emissions reductions in tCO2 per year ALL SE 740,669,229 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 679,584,442 Emissions reductions in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 109.0% Reductions over projects life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 9,784,981,732 Value of the emissions reductions in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 97,869,713,834 Value of the emissions reductions in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 48,937,823,991 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 1,244,618 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 327,079 Projects electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity geALL SE 381% Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 294,825 Additional power due to the projects implementation (load factor = 90% ALL SE 155,076 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 68,841 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 225.3% Total cost of the projects in million US$ ALL SE 157,614 - (without Flared Gas recovery Projects) * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Angola Page 6 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 70 DSTRIB EFF Series left of this axis have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects No cost data was available for the listed categories HYDRO 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) FLARING 60 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN SCM MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 LIGHTING LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 2 50 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 BRT COGEN MOTOR EEI - 0 WOOD INDUSTRIES FUEL SWITCH LEAKAGE - 0 40 BRT - 11 LANDFILLS FOREST RESID FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - CMM AGRI RESIDUES CMM - - 30 TYPHA VAL TYPHA VAL - - CCGT CHARCOAL 1 17 REFINERY CEMENT 4 0 20 JATROPHA 15 240 JATROPHA REFINERY 19 1 CCGT 20 3 10 AGRI RESIDUES 28 34 CHARCOAL FOREST RESID 28 6 CEMENT WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 4 COGEN 28 5 - LIGHTING 35 1 - 100 200 300 400 500 600 COGEN SCM 41 0 HYDRO 57 35 GHG reduction in million tons FLARING 59 158 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 4,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW CEMENT HYDRO Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project 4,000,000 STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) No cost data and/or no power generation from projects MOTOR EEI 3,500,000 CHARCOAL COGEN SCM CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 47 3,000,000 BRT REFINERY JATROPHA STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH WOOD INDUSTRIES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 7 MOTOR EEI - 4 2,500,000 LANDFILLS FOREST RESID CHARCOAL - - CMM LEAKAGE - - AGRI RESIDUES BRT - - 2,000,000 TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - FLARING LANDFILLS - - CCGT 1,500,000 CMM - - COGEN TYPHA VAL - - LIGHTING 312,500 154 1,000,000 COGEN 1,000,000 128 CCGT 1,200,000 51 FLARING 1,200,000 7,729 LIGHTING 500,000 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 667 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 119 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 79 - REFINERY 1,400,000 17 - 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 3 JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,798 Additional power in MW HYDRO 3,846,154 520 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Angola Page 7 Country Data for Angola Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 8 6 1 13 3 8 - 8 - 36 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 311,793 454,053 11,088 3,384,358 596,245 397,280 - 15,821,650 - 11,451,863 26,426 128,474 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 1.5% 2.2% 0.1% 16.6% 2.9% 1.9% 0.0% 77.6% 0.0% 56.2% 0.1% 0.6% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 3,117,928 4,540,528 110,880 33,843,576 5,962,446 3,972,795 - 158,216,500 - 240,489,120 264,264 1,284,736 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 31,179,283 45,405,280 1,108,800 338,435,759 59,624,463 59,624,463 - 1,582,165,000 - 2,404,891,198 2,642,640 12,847,362 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 15,589,642 22,702,640 554,400 169,217,880 29,812,232 29,812,232 - 791,082,500 - 1,202,445,599 1,321,320 6,423,681 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 4,944 1,122 16 5,258 938 625 - 60,936 - 14,173 - 152 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 3 1 0 3 0 0 - 32 - 7 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 51 128 3 667 119 79 - 7,729 - 1,798 - 17 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 7.6% 19.1% 0.4% 99.5% 17.8% 11.8% 0.0% 1153.6% 0.0% 268.3% 0.0% 2.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 62 128 5 934 167 111 - 9,275 - 3,491 1 24 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 7 1 1 - - 158 1 1 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 108,475 230,608 136,579 17,186 3,403 - 1,708,015 2,050 541,111 1,680,000 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.5% 1.1% 0.7% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 8.4% 0.0% 2.7% 8.2% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 1,084,748 2,306,078 1,365,786 171,855 34,027 - 17,080,152 20,497 11,363,321 35,280,000 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 10,847,480 23,060,777 13,657,863 1,718,553 340,265 - 170,801,516 204,965 113,633,209 352,800,000 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 5,423,740 11,530,389 6,828,932 859,277 170,133 - 85,400,758 102,483 56,816,605 176,400,000 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 369 - 169 58 35 - - - - 2,400 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 1,920 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - 1 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 1,780 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 47 - 154 7 4 - - - - 520 - Countries' installed power in MW 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 670 Additional power as a percent of the country power 7.0% 0.0% 23.0% 1.1% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 77.6% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 48 - - - 17 - - 2,000 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 251 PoA number ALL SE 3 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 37,010,653 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 20,394,890 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 181.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 520,509,236 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 5,224,988,878 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,612,494,439 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 91,195 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 1,920 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 47 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,780 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 11,170 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 670 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 1690.2% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 16,261 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Benin Page 8 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost AGRI RESIDUES Reduction over 30 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) STEAM LIGHTING ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD No cost data was available for the listed categories 25 MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 CCGT LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 BRT 20 MOTOR EEI - 0 FUEL SWITCH LEAKAGE - - LANDFILLS JATROPHA BRT - 3 CMM FUEL SWITCH - 23 15 LANDFILLS - - CMM - - TYPHA VAL TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY REFINERY - - 10 FOREST RESID FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - WOOD INDUSTRIES COGEN SCM - - COGEN SCM HYDRO - - 5 CEMENT FLARING - - HYDRO CHARCOAL 1 0 FLARING CEMENT 4 0 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 22 - CCGT 20 2 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 LIGHTING 26 0 AGRI RESIDUES 27 28 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project JATROPHA STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 6 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 3 1,500,000 MOTOR EEI - 1 CCGT CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS LANDFILLS - - CMM CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - TYPHA VAL FLARING - - FLARING FOREST RESID - - 500,000 FOREST RESID WOOD INDUSTRIES - - WOOD INDUSTRIES REFINERY - - LIGHTING REFINERY COGEN SCM - - COGEN SCM HYDRO - - HYDRO LIGHTING 312,500 16 - COGEN 1,000,000 35 - 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 CCGT 1,200,000 29 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 551 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 162 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Benin Page 9 Country Data for Benin Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 3 3 - 11 - - - - - 3 3 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 178,167 124,434 - 2,830,108 - - - - - 1,034,499 26,426 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 7.8% 5.5% 0.0% 124.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 45.5% 1.2% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 1,781,673 1,244,340 - 28,301,080 - - - - - 21,724,478 264,264 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 17,816,733 12,443,402 - 283,010,798 - - - - - 217,244,777 2,642,640 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 8,908,367 6,221,701 - 141,505,399 - - - - - 108,622,389 1,321,320 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 234 307 - 4,345 - - - - - 1,280 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 1 1 - 18 - - - - - 5 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 29 35 - 551 - - - - - 162 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 41.4% 49.6% 0.0% 779.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 229.7% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 35 35 - 772 - - - - - 315 1 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 2 1 1 - - 1 - 1 - 20 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 37,233 63,198 19,298 6,389 9,432 - 14,520 - 127,684 - 1,071,925 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 1.6% 2.8% 0.8% 0.3% 0.4% 0.0% 0.6% 0.0% 5.6% 0.0% 47.2% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 372,326 631,985 192,977 63,889 94,324 - 145,200 - 2,681,374 - 22,510,435 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 3,723,264 6,319,849 1,929,768 638,893 943,243 - 1,452,000 - 26,813,737 - 225,104,349 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 1,861,632 3,159,925 964,884 319,446 471,621 - 726,000 - 13,406,868 - 112,552,174 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 46 - 24 24 12 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 593 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 6 - 16 3 1 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 Additional power as a percent of the country power 8.3% 0.0% 23.1% 4.3% 2.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 5 - - - 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 51 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 5,543,315 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 2,271,994 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 244.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 80,008,345 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 800,083,452 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 400,041,726 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 6,273 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 240 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 26 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 593 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 788 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 71 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 1138.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1,164 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Botswana Page 10 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 35 LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF WOOD INDUSTRIES 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM Series left of this axis have no cost data FOREST RESID No cost data was available for the listed categories 30 AGRI RESIDUES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI COGEN * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 2 LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 2 25 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - 20 TYPHA VAL JATROPHA BRT - 3 FUEL SWITCH - - CEMENT LANDFILLS - - REFINERY TYPHA VAL - - 15 CEMENT - - CCGT REFINERY - - COGEN SCM CCGT - - 10 COGEN SCM - - HYDRO HYDRO - - CMM FLARING - - 5 CHARCOAL 1 1 CHARCOAL CMM 5 2 JATROPHA 15 113 FLARING COGEN 25 4 - AGRI RESIDUES 27 0 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 FOREST RESID 28 1 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 0 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 31 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 CEMENT factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost DSTRIB EFF Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects JATROPHA to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI ($/MW) 2,000,000 CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects LEAKAGE CEMENT - - BRT AGRI RESIDUES expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 23 FUEL SWITCH FOREST RESID STEAM - - WOOD INDUSTRIES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 13 1,500,000 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 6 TYPHA VAL CMM CHARCOAL - - CCGT LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 FLARING LANDFILLS - - REFINERY TYPHA VAL - - CCGT - - COGEN SCM FLARING - - HYDRO REFINERY - - 500,000 LIGHTING COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 30 COGEN 1,000,000 106 CMM 1,200,000 7 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 6 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 20 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 8 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 844 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Botswana Page 11 Country Data for Botswana Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 5 - 1 1 1 - - - 17 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 424,158 - 29,722 98,875 39,534 - - - 5,377,070 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 10.8% 0.0% 0.8% 2.5% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 137.2% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 4,241,581 - 297,219 988,754 395,339 - - - 112,918,480 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 42,415,814 - 2,972,194 9,887,539 3,953,390 - - - 1,129,184,803 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 21,207,907 - 1,486,097 4,943,770 4,943,770 - - - 564,592,402 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 927 - 46 155 62 - - - 6,655 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 - 0 0 0 - - - 7 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 106 - 6 20 8 - - - 844 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 81.4% 0.0% 4.5% 15.2% 6.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 649.3% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 106 - 8 28 11 - - - 1,639 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 6 1 1 1 2 6 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 164,834 215,425 29,954 90,787 13,409 168,202 69,320 - 121,283 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 4.2% 5.5% 0.8% 2.3% 0.3% 4.3% 1.8% 0.0% 3.1% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 1,648,336 2,154,246 299,541 907,871 134,090 1,682,023 693,200 - 2,546,951 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 16,483,358 21,542,465 2,995,412 9,078,706 1,340,900 16,820,229 6,932,002 - 25,469,512 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 8,241,679 10,771,232 1,497,706 4,539,353 670,450 8,410,114 3,466,001 - 12,734,756 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 180 - 33 99 44 55 - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 940 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 2,260 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 23 - 30 13 6 7 - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 Additional power as a percent of the country power 17.6% 0.0% 23.0% 9.7% 4.3% 5.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 9 - - 9 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 42 PoA number ALL SE 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 6,842,574 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 3,917,781 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 174.7% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 128,907,632 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,289,076,324 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 647,505,236 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 8,258 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 940 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 9 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 2,260 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,032 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 130 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 816.8% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1,811 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Burkina Faso Page 12 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data AGRI RESIDUES COGEN 30 HYDRO Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF LIGHTING 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 25 MOTOR EEI No cost data was available for the listed categories * LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 20 LANDFILLS JATROPHA MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - 1 FUEL SWITCH - - REFINERY 15 LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY - - 10 WOOD INDUSTRIES CCGT - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - FLARING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - COGEN SCM - - 5 CEMENT FLARING - - CHARCOAL CHARCOAL 1 0 CEMENT 4 0 JATROPHA 15 53 - HYDRO 26 10 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 LIGHTING 26 0 AGRI RESIDUES 28 16 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM HYDRO JATROPHA EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW AGRI RESIDUES DISTRIB EFF IMP - 7 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 1,500,000 MOTOR EEI - 1 CHARCOAL - - LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - 1,000,000 COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - FLARING CCGT - - FOREST RESID FLARING - - 500,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - LIGHTING REFINERY REFINERY - - COGEN SCM COGEN SCM - - LIGHTING 312,500 34 - COGEN 1,000,000 27 - 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 312 JATROPHA 1,941,771 395 Additional power in MW HYDRO 2,000,000 130 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Burkina Faso Page 13 Country Data for Burkina Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 2 - 6 - - - - - 8 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 95,926 - 1,573,552 - - - - - 2,518,732 3,171 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 8.2% 0.0% 134.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 215.3% 0.3% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 959,259 - 15,735,516 - - - - - 52,893,374 31,712 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 9,592,595 - 157,355,160 - - - - - 528,933,741 317,117 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 4,796,297 - 78,677,580 - - - - - 264,466,871 158,558 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 237 - 2,462 - - - - - 3,117 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 - 8 - - - - - 10 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 27 - 312 - - - - - 395 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 18.2% 0.0% 209.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 265.4% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 27 - 437 - - - - - 768 0 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 1 1 - - - 4 - 1 5 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 36,980 48,720 40,498 2,667 5,866 - 42,350 - 59,446 480,200 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 3.2% 4.2% 3.5% 0.2% 0.5% 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 5.1% 41.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 369,805 487,196 404,979 26,672 58,660 - 423,500 - 1,248,369 10,084,200 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 3,698,047 4,871,960 4,049,794 266,718 586,603 - 4,235,000 - 12,483,689 100,842,000 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 1,849,024 2,435,980 2,024,897 133,359 293,302 - 2,117,500 - 6,241,845 50,421,000 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 59 - 50 10 7 - - - - 686 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 306 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - 2 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 369 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 7 - 34 1 1 - - - - 130 - Countries' installed power in MW 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 149 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.0% 0.0% 23.0% 0.9% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 87.2% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 11 - - - 0 - - 260 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 30 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 4,908,108 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 1,169,917 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 419.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 82,723,242 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 827,232,425 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 413,616,212 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 6,628 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 306 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 22 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 369 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 874 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 149 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 609.9% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1,503 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Burundi Page 14 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING 50 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) 45 STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 40 MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE No cost data was available for the listed categories expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 COGEN 35 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LEAKAGE - - 30 LANDFILLS AGRI RESIDUES BRT - 1 CMM FUEL SWITCH - - 25 TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CEMENT CMM - - 20 JATROPHA TYPHA VAL - - CEMENT - - REFINERY JATROPHA - - 15 CCGT REFINERY - - FOREST RESID CCGT - - 10 WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - HYDRO 5 CHARCOAL COGEN SCM - - FLARING HYDRO - - FLARING - - - CHARCOAL 1 1 - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AGRI RESIDUES 28 5 COGEN 28 0 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 47 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 1,600,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW AGRI RESIDUES Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects CEMENT to the project 1,400,000 DSTRIB EFF STEAM ($/MW) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 1,200,000 MOTOR EEI COGEN No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - CHARCOAL expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 4 LEAKAGE STEAM - - 1,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 BRT MOTOR EEI - 0 FUEL SWITCH CHARCOAL - - 800,000 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 600,000 CCGT LANDFILLS - - FLARING CMM - - FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - 400,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES CCGT - - FLARING - - LIGHTING FOREST RESID - - REFINERY WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 200,000 COGEN SCM REFINERY - - JATROPHA COGEN SCM - - HYDRO JATROPHA - - - HYDRO - - - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 LIGHTING 312,500 9 COGEN 1,000,000 11 Additional power in MW AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 89 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Burundi Page 15 Country Data for Burundi Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - 2 - - - - - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 39,898 - 454,530 - - - - - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 9.7% 0.0% 110.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 398,976 - 4,545,298 - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 3,989,758 - 45,452,978 - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 1,994,879 - 22,726,489 - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 99 - 704 - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 - 5 - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 11 - 89 - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 27.9% 0.0% 221.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 11 - 125 - - - - - - - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 1 1 - - - 6 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 4,103 20,263 6,132 267 463 - 70,180 - 24,630 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 1.0% 4.9% 1.5% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 17.1% 0.0% 6.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 41,033 202,635 61,324 2,674 4,634 - 701,800 - 517,227 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 410,327 2,026,349 613,245 26,735 46,335 - 7,018,000 - 5,172,270 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 205,164 1,013,174 306,622 13,368 23,168 - 3,509,000 - 2,586,135 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 28 - 14 6 3 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 148 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 4 - 9 1 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Additional power as a percent of the country power 8.9% 0.0% 23.0% 1.8% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 3 - - - 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 13 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 620,467 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 410,066 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 151.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 6,475,600 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 64,755,997 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 32,377,999 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 854 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 148 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 6 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 163 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 105 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 40 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 283.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 140 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Cameroon Page 16 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 800 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING 21 years) ($/tCO2) No cost data was available for the listed categories 700 DSTRIB EFF STEAM * EEI IN HOUSEHOLD DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 600 MOTOR EEI expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 FLARING EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LEAKAGE BRT MOTOR EEI - 0 500 LEAKAGE - 0 FUEL SWITCH LANDFILLS BRT - 5 COGEN SCM CMM FUEL SWITCH - - 400 TYPHA VAL COGEN LANDFILLS - - HYDRO CMM - - CHARCOAL FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - 300 HYDRO - - CEMENT WOOD INDUSTRIES CHARCOAL 1 2 JATROPHA CEMENT 4 1 200 AGRI RESIDUES JATROPHA 15 91 CCGT REFINERY 19 1 REFINERY CCGT 20 4 100 AGRI RESIDUES 27 28 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 7 FOREST RESID 28 15 - COGEN 28 2 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 COGEN SCM 41 0 FLARING 59 11 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 706 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT JATROPHA Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM COGEN SCM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) No cost data and/or no power generation from projects 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID REFINERY CHARCOAL AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 95 BRT WOOD INDUSTRIES STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 17 1,500,000 LANDFILLS FLARING MOTOR EEI - 9 CCGT CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - CMM CMM - - TYPHA VAL TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO - - HYDRO LIGHTING 312,500 207 500,000 LIGHTING COGEN 1,000,000 55 CCGT 1,200,000 59 FLARING 1,200,000 561 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 135 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 550 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 291 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 REFINERY 1,400,000 19 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 12 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 677 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Cameroon Page 17 Country Data for Cameroon Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 1 5 2 11 5 14 - 1 - 14 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 356,335 193,997 44,660 2,837,326 1,458,022 677,724 - 1,148,935 - 4,312,158 95,135 138,356 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 5.2% 2.8% 0.7% 41.6% 21.4% 9.9% 0.0% 16.9% 0.0% 63.3% 1.4% 2.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 3,563,347 1,939,971 446,600 28,373,260 14,580,217 6,777,240 - 11,489,353 - 90,555,308 951,350 1,383,562 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 35,633,466 19,399,705 4,466,000 283,732,596 145,802,173 67,772,402 - 114,893,532 - 905,553,084 9,513,504 13,835,620 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 17,816,733 9,699,853 2,233,000 141,866,298 72,901,087 33,886,201 - 57,446,766 - 452,776,542 4,756,752 6,917,810 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 468 479 64 4,339 2,293 1,066 - 4,425 - 5,337 - 164 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 1 1 0 - 1 - 1 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 59 55 12 550 291 135 - 561 - 677 - 19 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 6.5% 6.1% 1.3% 61.2% 32.3% 15.0% 0.0% 62.4% 0.0% 75.2% 0.0% 2.1% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 70 55 18 771 407 189 - 674 - 1,314 4 26 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 3 1 - - - 15 1 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 30,407 98,529 9,173 5,509 958 - 163,437 240 214,578 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.4% 1.4% 0.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 2.4% 0.0% 3.1% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 304,067 985,287 91,732 55,091 9,580 - 1,634,374 2,400 4,506,144 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 3,040,666 9,852,869 917,319 550,911 95,796 - 16,343,744 23,996 45,061,445 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 1,520,333 4,926,435 458,660 275,455 47,898 - 8,171,872 11,998 22,530,722 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 753 - 227 136 72 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 3,920 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 3,650 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 95 - 207 17 9 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 Additional power as a percent of the country power 10.6% 0.0% 23.0% 1.9% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 65 - - - 2 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 70 PoA number ALL SE 5 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 11,785,479 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 6,814,384 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 173.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 167,648,883 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,676,488,828 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 838,244,414 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 19,823 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 3,920 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 5 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 3,650 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,481 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 900 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 298.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,595 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Cape Verde Page 18 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 30 Series left of this axis have no cost data EEI IN HOUSEHOLD Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) MOTOR EEI ($/tCO2) STEAM LEAKAGE 25 BRT COGEN * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 FUEL SWITCH LIGHTING No cost data was available for the listed categories expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 LANDFILLS EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 20 CMM MOTOR EEI - 0 TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - BRT - 0 CEMENT FUEL SWITCH - - 15 JATROPHA LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - 10 FOREST RESID JATROPHA - - WOOD INDUSTRIES REFINERY - - COGEN SCM CHARCOAL CCGT - - AGRI RESIDUES - - 5 HYDRO FOREST RESID - - FLARING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - - FLARING - - - 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 CHARCOAL 1 0 LIGHTING 26 0 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 1,200,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF COGEN STEAM 1,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 800,000 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM CHARCOAL - - 600,000 LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - CCGT FUEL SWITCH - - FLARING LANDFILLS - - AGRI RESIDUES LIGHTING 400,000 CMM - - FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - CCGT - - WOOD INDUSTRIES FLARING - - 200,000 REFINERY AGRI RESIDUES - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - JATROPHA REFINERY - - HYDRO COGEN SCM - - - JATROPHA - - - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 2 Additional power in MW COGEN 1,000,000 7 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Cape Verde Page 19 Country Data for Cap-Vert Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - - - - - - - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 23,147 - - - - - - - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 8.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 231,469 - - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 2,314,694 - - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 1,157,347 - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 57 - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 7 - - - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 8.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 7 - - - - - - - - - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 - 1 - - - 0 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 6,361 11,756 1,903 391 620 - 2,547 - 10,107 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.2% 4.1% 0.7% 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 0.9% 0.0% 3.6% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 63,606 117,560 19,026 3,912 6,203 - 25,469 - 212,246 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 636,058 1,175,604 190,259 39,115 62,035 - 254,692 - 2,122,459 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 318,029 587,802 95,129 19,558 31,017 - 127,346 - 1,061,230 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 8 - 2 1 1 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 1 - 2 0 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 Additional power as a percent of the country power 1.2% 0.0% 2.0% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 1 - - - 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 4 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 56,832 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 283,360 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 20.1% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 679,492 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 6,794,916 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 3,397,458 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 70 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 41 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 2 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 39 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 8 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 82 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 11.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 7 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Central African Republic Page 20 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost FOREST RESID Reduction over 30 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN WOOD INDUSTRIES Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF STEAM 21 years) ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 25 MOTOR EEI AGRI RESIDUES LEAKAGE No cost data was available for the listed categories * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT LIGHTING expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 20 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - - JATROPHA TYPHA VAL BRT - 0 CEMENT FUEL SWITCH - - 15 LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - CEMENT - - 10 COGEN SCM REFINERY - - HYDRO CCGT - - FLARING COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - 5 FLARING - - CHARCOAL CHARCOAL 1 0 JATROPHA 15 120 LIGHTING 26 0 - AGRI RESIDUES 27 4 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 1 FOREST RESID 28 1 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF STEAM JATROPHA EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CHARCOAL CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 3 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 1,500,000 FOREST RESID MOTOR EEI - 0 AGRI RESIDUES CHARCOAL - - WOOD INDUSTRIES LEAKAGE - - LANDFILLS BRT - - 1,000,000 COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - CMM LANDFILLS - - TYPHA VAL CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - FLARING CCGT - - LIGHTING FLARING - - 500,000 REFINERY REFINERY - - COGEN SCM COGEN SCM - - HYDRO HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 9 COGEN 1,000,000 8 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 12 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 78 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 26 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 898 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Central African Republic Page 21 Country Data for CAR Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - 2 1 1 - - - 18 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 29,784 - 399,401 130,099 61,143 - - - 5,722,574 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 8.8% 0.0% 118.3% 38.5% 18.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1694.5% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 297,843 - 3,994,014 1,300,992 611,429 - - - 120,174,055 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 2,978,433 - 39,940,135 13,009,920 6,114,288 - - - 1,201,740,547 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 1,489,216 - 19,970,068 6,504,960 3,057,144 - - - 600,870,273 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 74 - 616 205 96 - - - 7,082 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 - 6 2 1 - - - 68 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 8 - 78 26 12 - - - 898 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 22.1% 0.0% 205.7% 68.3% 32.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2364.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 8 - 109 36 17 - - - 1,744 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 - 1 - - - 2 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 7,897 15,127 10,328 351 755 - 26,035 - 20,525 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.3% 4.5% 3.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 7.7% 0.0% 6.1% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 78,972 151,271 103,283 3,506 7,552 - 260,353 - 431,023 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 789,724 1,512,709 1,032,833 35,064 75,521 - 2,603,530 - 4,310,225 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 394,862 756,354 516,417 17,532 37,761 - 1,301,765 - 2,155,113 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 20 - 13 3 2 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 3 - 9 0 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 Additional power as a percent of the country power 6.7% 0.0% 23.0% 0.9% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 3 - - - 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 27 PoA number ALL SE 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 6,424,020 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 337,721 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 1902.2% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 127,414,293 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,274,142,930 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 637,071,465 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 8,110 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 104 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 78 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 97 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,026 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 38 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 2723.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1,919 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Chad Page 22 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 70 Series left of this axis have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF FLARING STEAM 21 years) No cost data was available for the listed categories ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 60 MOTOR EEI LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT COGEN SCM COGEN expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 50 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS FOREST RESID AGRI RESIDUES MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - 0 WOOD INDUSTRIES 40 TYPHA VAL BRT - 0 FUEL SWITCH - - CEMENT LIGHTING LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CMM - - 30 HYDR TYPHA VAL - - O CCGT CEMENT - - REFINERY - - 20 JATROPHA HYDRO - - CHARCOAL 1 2 JATROPHA 15 50 10 CCGT 20 3 CHARCOAL LIGHTING 26 0 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 3 FOREST RESID 28 9 - COGEN 28 0 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 AGRI RESIDUES 29 10 COGEN SCM 41 0 GHG reduction in million tons FLARING 59 22 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project JATROPHA STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD No cost data and/or no power generation from projects COGEN SCM ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID CHARCOAL AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 2 BRT WOOD INDUSTRIES STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 1,500,000 LANDFILLS FLARING MOTOR EEI - 0 CCGT CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - 1,000,000 COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - TYPHA VAL CMM - - REFINERY TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO REFINERY - - HYDRO - - 500,000 LIGHTING 312,500 9 COGEN 1,000,000 2 CCGT 1,200,000 49 FLARING 1,200,000 1,060 LIGHTING WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 57 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 206 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 185 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 3 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 370 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Chad Page 23 Country Data for Chad Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 1 1 1 4 1 6 - 2 - 7 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 296,946 7,950 11,273 982,718 926,697 286,527 - 2,170,211 - 2,358,900 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 155.1% 4.2% 5.9% 513.2% 483.9% 149.6% 0.0% 1133.3% 0.0% 1231.9% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 2,969,456 79,500 112,728 9,827,182 9,266,966 2,865,267 - 21,702,112 - 49,536,902 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 29,694,555 795,000 1,127,280 98,271,819 92,669,660 28,652,666 - 217,021,116 - 495,369,018 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 14,847,278 397,500 563,640 49,135,910 46,334,830 14,326,333 - 108,510,558 - 247,684,509 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 390 20 16 1,623 1,457 451 - 8,358 - 2,919 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 4 0 0 18 16 5 - 91 - 32 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 49 2 3 206 185 57 - 1,060 - 370 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 120.6% 5.5% 7.5% 508.5% 456.7% 141.2% 0.0% 2619.0% 0.0% 914.8% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 59 2 5 288 259 80 - 1,272 - 719 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 - 1 - - - 19 1 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 14,273 4,038 11,002 538 1,352 - 206,841 240 8,293 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 7.5% 2.1% 5.7% 0.3% 0.7% 0.0% 108.0% 0.1% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 142,725 40,377 110,024 5,383 13,520 - 2,068,410 2,400 174,151 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 1,427,251 403,771 1,100,239 53,829 135,203 - 20,684,103 23,996 1,741,505 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 713,626 201,885 550,120 26,914 67,602 - 10,342,052 11,998 870,753 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 18 - 14 2 2 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 2 - 9 0 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.5% 0.0% 23.0% 0.6% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 3 - - - 2 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 45 PoA number ALL SE 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 7,287,798 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 191,488 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 3805.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 98,917,101 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 989,171,012 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 494,585,506 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 15,269 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 92 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 166 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 85 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,935 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 40 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 4803.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 2,689 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Comoros Page 24 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 30 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF LIGHTING 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 25 MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE No cost data was available for the listed categories expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 20 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LEAKAGE - - LANDFILLS BRT - 0 CMM FUEL SWITCH - - 15 TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CEMENT CMM - - JATROPHA TYPHA VAL - - CEMENT - - 10 REFINERY JATROPHA - - CCGT REFINERY - - AGRI RESIDUES CCGT - - FOREST RESID AGRI RESIDUES - - 5 WOOD INDUSTRIES CHARCOAL FOREST RESID - - COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - HYDRO FLARING COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - - FLARING - - - 0 0 1 1 1 1 CHARCOAL 1 1 LIGHTING 26 0 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 1,200,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW COGEN Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF STEAM 1,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 800,000 BRT STEAM - - EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - 600,000 CMM LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - CCGT LIGHTING FUEL SWITCH - - FLARING LANDFILLS - - 400,000 AGRI RESIDUES CMM - - FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - CCGT - - WOOD INDUSTRIES FLARING - - REFINERY AGRI RESIDUES - - 200,000 COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - JATROPHA WOOD INDUSTRIES - - HYDRO REFINERY - - COGEN SCM - - - JATROPHA - - - 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 2 Additional power in MW COGEN 1,000,000 2 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Comoros Page 25 Country Data for Comores Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - - - - - - - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 6,792 - - - - - - - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 6.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 67,923 - - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 679,230 - - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 339,615 - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 17 - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 2 - - - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 23.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 2 - - - - - - - - - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 - 1 - - - 8 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 2,948 3,450 2,218 119 286 - 84,700 - 5,971 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.8% 3.3% 2.1% 0.1% 0.3% 0.0% 81.7% 0.0% 5.8% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 29,476 34,497 22,179 1,191 2,863 - 847,000 - 125,388 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 294,758 344,973 221,787 11,913 28,631 - 8,470,000 - 1,253,884 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 147,379 172,486 110,894 5,956 14,316 - 4,235,000 - 626,942 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 4 - 3 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 0 - 2 0 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.7% 0.0% 23.0% 0.7% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 1 - - - 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 12 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 106,484 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 103,668 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 102.7% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 1,130,518 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 11,305,176 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 5,652,588 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 24 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 19 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 1 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 18 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 8 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 53.4% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Congo, Dem. Rep. Page 26 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 500 Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF No cost data was available for the listed categories 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 450 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI 400 LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 2 350 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - 0 300 TYPHA VAL BRT - 3 FOREST RESID CCGT FUEL SWITCH - - 250 WOOD INDUSTRIES FLARING LANDFILLS - - CHARCOAL TYPHA VAL - - COGEN SCM 200 CEMENT AGRI RESIDUES CCGT - - CMM CHARCOAL 1 3 CEMENT 4 0 150 COGEN CMM 4 0 JATROPHA 15 452 REFINERY 100 HYDRO 15 62 JATROPHA HYDRO REFINERY 19 0 50 COGEN 27 3 AGRI RESIDUES 28 57 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 14 - FOREST RESID 28 96 - 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 COGEN SCM 41 1 FLARING 59 3 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 465 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects COGEN SCM to the project DSTRIB EFF JATROPHA No cost data and/or no power generation from projects STEAM REFINERY ($/MW) 2,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD FOREST RESID MOTOR EEI AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - CHARCOAL HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 132 LEAKAGE STEAM - - 1,500,000 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 3 MOTOR EEI - 8 CMM CHARCOAL - - FLARING LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 FUEL SWITCH LANDFILLS - - LANDFILLS TYPHA VAL - - TYPHA VAL CCGT - - CCGT LIGHTING 312,500 597 COGEN 1,000,000 86 500,000 LIGHTING CMM 1,200,000 1 FLARING 1,200,000 137 HYDRO 1,348,315 712 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 1,129 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 274 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 1,906 - 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 REFINERY 1,400,000 7 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 15 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 3,382 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Congo, Dem. Rep. Page 27 Country Data for Congo Dem Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 4 1 23 13 27 - 1 - 68 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 319,589 55,440 5,720,433 9,553,184 1,375,403 - 280,851 - 21,544,345 20,084 49,413 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 13.5% 2.3% 241.3% 403.0% 58.0% 0.0% 11.8% 0.0% 908.9% 0.8% 2.1% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 3,195,887 554,400 57,204,334 95,531,843 13,754,033 - 2,808,509 - 452,431,250 200,841 494,129 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 31,958,873 5,544,000 572,043,345 955,318,426 137,540,326 - 28,085,086 - 4,524,312,496 2,008,406 4,941,293 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 15,979,436 2,772,000 286,021,672 477,659,213 68,770,163 - 14,042,543 - 2,262,156,248 1,004,203 2,470,646 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 752 79 8,897 15,024 2,163 - 1,082 - 26,664 - 59 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 0 2 3 0 - 0 - 5 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 86 15 1,129 1,906 274 - 137 - 3,382 - 7 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 3.3% 0.6% 43.6% 73.5% 10.6% 0.0% 5.3% 0.0% 130.5% 0.0% 0.3% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 86 23 1,580 2,668 384 - 165 - 6,567 1 9 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 5 1 - - 4 31 1 1 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 15,270 162,315 40,115 105 899 18,689 334,111 31 132,106 2,956,610 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.6% 6.8% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 14.1% 0.0% 5.6% 124.7% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 152,704 1,623,151 401,151 1,050 8,991 186,891 3,341,113 311 2,774,218 62,088,814 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 1,527,041 16,231,514 4,011,514 10,496 89,911 1,868,914 33,411,125 3,105 27,742,177 620,888,136 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 763,520 8,115,757 2,005,757 5,248 44,956 934,457 16,705,563 1,553 13,871,088 310,444,068 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 1,037 - 872 22 61 6 - - - 4,224 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 5,400 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - 1 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 3,101 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 132 - 597 3 8 1 - - - 712 - Countries' installed power in MW 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 2,591 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.1% 0.0% 23.0% 0.1% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 27.5% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 187 - - 1 3 - - 960 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 170 PoA number ALL SE 13 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 42,578,995 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 2,370,328 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 1796.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 696,753,618 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 6,967,536,182 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 3,483,768,091 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 60,941 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 5,400 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 11 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 3,101 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 7,790 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 2,591 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 323.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 12,633 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Congo, Rep. Page 28 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 100 Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF No cost data was available for the listed categories 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 90 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD FLARING MOTOR EEI COGEN SCM 80 LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT AGRI RESIDUES expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 FUEL SWITCH 70 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS COGEN MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - 0 60 WOOD INDUSTRIES TYPHA VAL BRT - 1 CEMENT FOREST RESID FUEL SWITCH - - 50 LANDFILLS - - HYDRO CMM - - 40 CCGT TYPHA VAL - - JATROPHA CEMENT - - 30 REFINERY CHARCOAL 1 0 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 66 REFINERY 19 1 20 CCGT 20 1 HYDRO 23 8 10 FOREST RESID 28 3 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 3 COGEN 28 1 - AGRI RESIDUES 28 2 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 COGEN SCM 41 0 FLARING 59 31 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 90 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load JATROPHA 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT COGEN SCM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF HYDRO to the project REFINERY STEAM No cost data and/or no power generation from projects EEI IN HOUSEHOLD FOREST RESID ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI AGRI RESIDUES CHARCOAL WOOD INDUSTRIES CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 9 BRT FLARING STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 1,500,000 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 1 CCGT CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - CMM - - CMM TYPHA VAL - - TYPHA VAL LIGHTING 312,500 75 COGEN 1,000,000 19 500,000 LIGHTING CCGT 1,200,000 12 FLARING 1,200,000 1,497 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 67 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 33 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 61 - REFINERY 1,400,000 9 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 4 JATROPHA 1,941,771 493 Additional power in MW HYDRO 2,000,000 90 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Congo, Rep. Page 29 Country Data for Congo Rep Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 1 2 1 1 2 7 - 3 - 10 - 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 74,236 66,614 14,168 165,012 304,953 337,356 - 3,063,828 - 3,141,526 - 69,178 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 1.4% 1.3% 0.3% 3.1% 5.7% 6.4% 0.0% 57.7% 0.0% 59.2% 0.0% 1.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 742,364 666,143 141,680 1,650,122 3,049,525 3,373,560 - 30,638,275 - 65,972,042 - 691,781 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 7,423,639 6,661,434 1,416,800 16,501,218 30,495,252 33,735,596 - 306,382,752 - 659,720,421 - 6,917,810 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 3,711,819 3,330,717 708,400 8,250,609 15,247,626 16,867,798 - 153,191,376 - 329,860,211 - 3,458,905 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 97 165 20 263 480 531 - 11,800 - 3,888 - 82 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 1 1 2 - 33 - 11 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 12 19 4 33 61 67 - 1,497 - 493 - 9 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 3.7% 5.7% 1.2% 10.2% 18.6% 20.6% 0.0% 457.7% 0.0% 150.8% 0.0% 2.9% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 15 19 6 47 85 94 - 1,796 - 958 - 13 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 1 1 - - - 2 1 1 2 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 5,133 33,833 26,033 294 877 - 21,475 339 41,050 373,729 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.1% 0.6% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% 0.8% 7.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 51,330 338,326 260,332 2,942 8,767 - 214,751 3,388 862,045 7,848,305 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 513,299 3,383,260 2,603,318 29,417 87,666 - 2,147,508 33,876 8,620,450 78,483,051 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 256,649 1,691,630 1,301,659 14,709 43,833 - 1,073,754 16,938 4,310,225 39,241,525 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 68 - 110 12 12 - - - - 534 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 353 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - 2 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 588 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 9 - 75 1 1 - - - - 90 - Countries' installed power in MW 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 327 Additional power as a percent of the country power 2.6% 0.0% 23.0% 0.5% 0.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 27.5% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 24 - - - 0 - - 180 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 34 PoA number ALL SE 2 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 7,739,633 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 5,310,597 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 145.7% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 116,515,677 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,165,156,768 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 582,578,384 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 18,060 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 353 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 51 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 588 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,297 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 327 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 725.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,236 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Côte d’Ivoire Page 30 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 70 Series left of this axis have no cost data FLARING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects No cost data was available for the listed categories DSTRIB EFF COGEN SCM 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN 60 LIGHTING MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 3 LEAKAGE WOOD INDUSTRIES expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 4 50 BRT AGRI RESIDUES FOREST RESID EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 REFINERY CMM LEAKAGE - 0 40 TYPHA VAL CCGT BRT - 7 FUEL SWITCH - - CHARCOAL JATROPHA CMM - - LANDFILLS TYPHA VAL - - 30 HYDRO CEMENT CHARCOAL 1 19 LANDFILLS 1 4 CEMENT 4 1 20 HYDRO 13 30 JATROPHA 15 62 CCGT 20 15 10 REFINERY 26 2 AGRI RESIDUES 27 43 FOREST RESID 28 13 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 6 - LIGHTING 30 3 - 50 100 150 200 250 COGEN 32 8 COGEN SCM 41 0 GHG reduction in million tons FLARING 59 12 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data JATROPHA factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects COGEN SCM to the project DSTRIB EFF No cost data and/or no power generation from projects STEAM AGRI RESIDUES REFINERY EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID CHARCOAL FLARING CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 113 CCGT STEAM - - BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 9 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 7 CMM HYDRO CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 CMM - - COGEN TYPHA VAL - - LIGHTING 312,500 290 COGEN 1,000,000 238 500,000 LIGHTING HYDRO 1,000,000 387 LANDFILLS 1,154,813 5 CCGT 1,200,000 245 FLARING 1,200,000 584 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 126 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 843 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 268 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 REFINERY 1,400,000 29 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 9 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 465 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Côte d’Ivoire Page 31 Country Data for Ivory Coast Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 6 9 1 17 6 13 - 1 1 9 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 1,487,697 751,287 33,880 4,341,025 1,344,315 631,789 - 1,195,968 441,809 2,962,036 68,709 155,264 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 23.2% 11.7% 0.5% 67.6% 20.9% 9.8% 0.0% 18.6% 6.9% 46.1% 1.1% 2.4% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 14,876,972 7,512,865 338,800 43,410,247 13,443,150 6,317,894 - 11,959,678 4,418,089 62,202,762 687,086 1,552,643 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 148,769,722 75,128,653 3,388,000 434,102,466 134,431,503 63,178,940 - 119,596,776 44,180,888 622,027,623 6,870,864 15,526,432 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 74,384,861 37,564,326 1,694,000 217,051,233 67,215,752 31,589,470 - 59,798,388 22,090,444 311,013,812 3,435,432 7,763,216 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 1,953 2,084 48 6,646 2,114 994 - 4,606 25 3,666 - 254 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 1 0 0 - 1 0 1 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 245 238 9 843 268 126 - 584 5 465 - 29 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 19.4% 18.9% 0.7% 66.9% 21.3% 10.0% 0.0% 46.4% 0.4% 36.9% 0.0% 2.3% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 293 238 14 1,180 375 176 - 701 6 903 3 41 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 14 1 1 1 - 171 1 1 2 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 336,202 381,569 304,915 16,035 38,919 - 1,850,399 1,779 334,358 1,439,200 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 5.2% 5.9% 4.7% 0.2% 0.6% 0.0% 28.8% 0.0% 5.2% 22.4% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 3,362,021 3,815,691 3,049,151 160,354 389,190 - 18,503,986 17,789 7,021,510 30,223,200 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 33,620,208 38,156,909 30,491,505 1,603,540 3,891,898 - 185,039,855 177,890 70,215,096 302,232,000 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 16,810,104 19,078,455 15,245,753 801,770 1,945,949 - 92,519,928 88,945 35,107,548 151,116,000 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 887 - 424 68 54 - - - - 2,056 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 4,620 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - 0 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 2,747 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 113 - 290 9 7 - - - - 387 - Countries' installed power in MW 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 1,260 Additional power as a percent of the country power 8.9% 0.0% 23.0% 0.7% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 30.7% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 91 - - - 18 - - 387 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 251 PoA number ALL SE 6 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 18,117,154 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 6,423,247 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 282.1% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 233,263,077 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,332,630,769 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,166,315,384 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 25,878 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 4,620 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 6 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 2,747 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 3,327 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 1,260 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 287.2% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 4,426 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Equatorial Guinea Page 32 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 160 Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 140 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI No cost data was available for the listed categories LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 120 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 3 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS FOREST RESID FLARING MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM 100 LEAKAGE - 0 TYPHA VAL WOOD INDUSTRIES BRT - 0 CHARCOAL COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - 80 CEMENT LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CMM - - COGEN SCM TYPHA VAL - - 60 HYDRO CHARCOAL - - CEMENT - - REFINERY - - 40 COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - CCGT JATROPHA 15 5 20 AGRI RESIDUES CCGT 20 0 JATROPHA AGRI RESIDUES 28 0 FOREST RESID 28 1 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 2 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 COGEN 37 6 FLARING 59 45 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 144 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 CEMENT Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost DSTRIB EFF JATROPHA Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD WOOD INDUSTRIES ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI No cost data and/or no power generation from projects AGRI RESIDUES CHARCOAL LEAKAGE FOREST RESID CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 BRT FUEL SWITCH CCGT STEAM - - EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 1,500,000 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 FLARING CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 CMM LANDFILLS - - CMM - - TYPHA VAL TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY REFINERY - - COGEN SCM COGEN SCM - - 500,000 HYDRO HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 3 COGEN 1,000,000 220 LIGHTING FLARING 1,200,000 2,183 CCGT 1,200,000 5 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 22 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 2 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 31 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 40 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Equatorial Guinea Page 33 Country Data for E. Guinea Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 2 7 - 1 1 3 - 4 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 31,179 596,757 - 11,277 112,666 157,759 - 4,468,082 - 257,660 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.6% 12.3% 0.0% 0.2% 2.3% 3.2% 0.0% 91.8% 0.0% 5.3% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 311,793 5,967,566 - 112,775 1,126,659 1,577,591 - 44,680,818 - 5,410,865 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 3,117,928 59,675,659 - 1,127,747 11,266,591 15,775,909 - 446,808,180 - 54,108,649 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 1,558,964 29,837,830 - 563,873 5,633,295 7,887,955 - 223,404,090 - 27,054,324 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 41 1,923 - 18 177 248 - 17,208 - 319 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 1 69 - 1 6 9 - 615 - 11 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 5 220 - 2 22 31 - 2,183 - 40 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 39.4% 1688.5% 0.0% 17.3% 172.9% 242.1% 0.0% 16790.0% 0.0% 311.1% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 6 220 - 3 31 44 - 2,619 - 79 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 12 1 - - - - 1 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 2,498 303,085 650 430 121 - - 1,779 9,740 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.1% 6.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 24,981 3,030,853 6,503 4,296 1,207 - - 17,789 204,540 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 249,811 30,308,526 65,025 42,959 12,075 - - 177,890 2,045,398 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 124,906 15,154,263 32,513 21,479 6,037 - - 88,945 1,022,699 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 5 - 3 1 1 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 1 - 3 0 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.2% 0.0% 23.0% 0.9% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 1 - - - - - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 33 PoA number ALL SE 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 5,953,683 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 4,869,261 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 122.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 62,478,235 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 624,782,346 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 312,391,173 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 19,944 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 28 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 712 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 30 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,505 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 13 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 19291.1% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,003 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Ethiopia Page 34 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost LIGHTING Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data 250 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF STEAM 21 years) ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI No cost data was available for the listed categories 200 LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - - 150 TYPHA VAL BRT - 6 REFINERY FUEL SWITCH - - HYDRO LANDFILLS - - COGEN SCM FLARING CMM - - 100 CHARCOAL FOREST RESID COGEN TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY - - CEMENT AGRI RESIDUES WOOD INDUSTRIES HYDRO - - FLARING - - CCGT CHARCOAL 1 5 50 CEMENT 4 1 JATROPHA JATROPHA 15 216 CCGT 20 2 AGRI RESIDUES 27 115 FOREST RESID 28 125 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 11 - 100 200 300 400 500 600 COGEN 28 2 COGEN SCM 41 0 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 237 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost JATROPHA Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN SCM MOTOR EEI WOOD INDUSTRIES ($/MW) 2,000,000 CHARCOAL LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES No cost data and/or no power generation from projects BRT expressed in USD per MW CEMENT - - FUEL SWITCH FOREST RESID DISTRIB EFF IMP - 56 LANDFILLS STEAM - - CMM 1,500,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 9 MOTOR EEI - 5 TYPHA VAL CHARCOAL - - FLARING LEAKAGE - - REFINERY BRT - - 1,000,000 FUEL SWITCH - - CCGT LANDFILLS - - COGEN CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - FLARING - - LIGHTING 500,000 REFINERY - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 159 HYDRO COGEN 1,000,000 64 CCGT 1,200,000 29 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 2,490 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 2,212 - 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 220 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 12 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,615 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Ethiopia Page 35 Country Data for Ethiopia Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 3 3 2 44 3 22 - - - 32 4 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 178,167 227,944 45,276 11,457,149 12,483,929 1,102,431 - - - 10,285,126 126,847 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 4.1% 5.2% 1.0% 262.1% 285.6% 25.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 235.3% 2.9% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 1,781,673 2,279,439 452,760 114,571,487 124,839,289 11,024,311 - - - 215,987,643 1,268,467 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 17,816,733 22,794,390 4,527,600 1,145,714,871 1,248,392,893 110,243,108 - - - 2,159,876,434 12,684,672 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 8,908,367 11,397,195 2,263,800 572,857,436 624,196,447 55,121,554 - - - 1,079,938,217 6,342,336 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 234 563 65 17,440 19,633 1,734 - - - 12,729 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 8 9 1 - - - 6 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 29 64 12 2,212 2,490 220 - - - 1,615 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 4.2% 9.3% 1.8% 320.6% 360.9% 31.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 234.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 35 64 18 3,097 3,486 308 - - - 3,135 6 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 3 1 - 1 - 45 - 2 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 53,124 115,770 20,996 8,918 11,196 - 492,003 - 298,544 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 1.2% 2.6% 0.5% 0.2% 0.3% 0.0% 11.3% 0.0% 6.8% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 531,244 1,157,699 209,964 89,183 111,963 - 4,920,030 - 6,269,418 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 5,312,441 11,576,988 2,099,642 891,828 1,119,628 - 49,200,305 - 62,694,184 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 2,656,221 5,788,494 1,049,821 445,914 559,814 - 24,600,152 - 31,347,092 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 440 - 174 74 42 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 2,294 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 2,133 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 56 - 159 9 5 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 Additional power as a percent of the country power 8.1% 0.0% 23.0% 1.4% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 50 - - - 5 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 163 PoA number ALL SE 3 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 36,907,421 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 4,371,216 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 844.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 485,494,572 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 4,854,945,718 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,427,472,859 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 53,129 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 2,294 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 23 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 2,133 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 6,713 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 690 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 996.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 10,204 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Gabon Page 36 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 70 Series left of this axis have no cost data FLARING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM No cost data was available for the listed categories 60 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI COGEN SCM * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 LEAKAGE LIGHTING BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 50 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH COGEN MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS WOOD INDUSTRIES LEAKAGE - 0 CMM 40 BRT - 3 TYPHA VAL FOREST RESID FUEL SWITCH - - CHARCOAL AGRI RESIDUES LANDFILLS - - CMM - - 30 HYDRO CCGT TYPHA VAL - - CHARCOAL - - REFINERY HYDRO - - 20 JATROPHA CEMENT 4 0 JATROPHA 15 50 REFINERY 19 1 10 CCGT 20 1 AGRI RESIDUES 27 1 FOREST RESID 28 6 CEMENT WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 13 - COGEN 29 1 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 LIGHTING 36 1 COGEN SCM 41 0 GHG reduction in million tons FLARING 59 30 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost JATROPHA Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN SCM ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CHARCOAL REFINERY LEAKAGE FOREST RESID CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW BRT DISTRIB EFF IMP - 37 FUEL SWITCH WOOD INDUSTRIES STEAM - - AGRI RESIDUES 1,500,000 LANDFILLS EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 6 MOTOR EEI - 3 CCGT FLARING CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - CMM CMM - - TYPHA VAL TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO HYDRO - - 500,000 LIGHTING LIGHTING 312,500 92 COGEN 1,000,000 41 CCGT 1,200,000 12 FLARING 1,200,000 1,466 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 24 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 263 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 119 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 REFINERY 1,400,000 8 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 2 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 372 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Gabon Page 37 Country Data for Gabon Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 5 4 1 1 2 26 - 3 - 7 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 75,751 140,425 7,238 122,008 594,553 1,317,797 - 2,999,998 - 2,366,883 36,997 56,001 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 1.5% 2.8% 0.1% 2.5% 12.0% 26.6% 0.0% 60.6% 0.0% 47.8% 0.7% 1.1% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 757,508 1,404,246 72,380 1,220,084 5,945,533 13,177,967 - 29,999,978 - 49,704,533 369,970 560,013 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 7,575,081 14,042,462 723,800 12,200,836 59,455,334 131,779,671 - 299,999,778 - 497,045,325 3,699,696 5,600,132 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 3,787,541 7,021,231 361,900 6,100,418 29,727,667 65,889,836 - 149,999,889 - 248,522,663 1,849,848 2,800,066 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 99 358 10 188 935 2,072 - 11,554 - 2,929 - 66 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 0 1 1 - 8 - 2 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 12 41 2 24 119 263 - 1,466 - 372 - 8 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 3.1% 10.2% 0.5% 6.0% 29.6% 65.7% 0.0% 366.4% 0.0% 92.9% 0.0% 1.9% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 15 41 3 33 166 368 - 1,759 - 721 2 11 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 2 1 1 - - - 1 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 132,892 71,320 78,924 23,249 4,197 - - 494 121,283 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.7% 1.4% 1.6% 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.4% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 1,328,916 713,199 789,241 232,486 41,967 - - 4,940 2,546,951 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 13,289,161 7,131,992 7,892,410 2,324,865 419,667 - - 49,403 25,469,512 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 6,644,581 3,565,996 3,946,205 1,162,432 209,833 - - 24,702 12,734,756 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 288 - 101 50 28 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 1,400 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 37 - 92 6 3 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 Additional power as a percent of the country power 9.1% 0.0% 23.0% 1.6% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 29 - - - - - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 56 PoA number ALL SE 2 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 8,150,009 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 4,950,949 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 164.6% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 108,869,913 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,088,699,127 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 544,349,563 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 18,681 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 1,500 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 12 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,400 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,352 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 400 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 611.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,147 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Gambia Page 38 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 1.2 Series left of this axis have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF STEAM CHARCOAL 21 years) ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI 1.0 * LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - - BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH No cost data was available for the listed categories EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - 0.8 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - - CMM LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - CEMENT FUEL SWITCH - - 0.6 JATROPHA LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - CEMENT - - 0.4 AGRI RESIDUES JATROPHA - - FOREST RESID REFINERY - - WOOD INDUSTRIES CCGT - - COGEN 0.2 LIGHTING AGRI RESIDUES - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES - - FLARING COGEN - - LIGHTING - - 0.0 COGEN SCM - - 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 HYDRO - - FLARING - - GHG reduction in million tons CHARCOAL 1 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 1.0 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project 0.9 STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 0.8 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL LEAKAGE CEMENT - - 0.7 expressed in USD per MW BRT DISTRIB EFF IMP - - FUEL SWITCH STEAM - - LANDFILLS 0.6 No cost data and/or no power generation from projects EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - CMM MOTOR EEI - - TYPHA VAL CHARCOAL - - 0.5 LIGHTING LEAKAGE - - BRT - - COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - 0.4 CCGT LANDFILLS - - FLARING CMM - - 0.3 AGRI RESIDUES TYPHA VAL - - FOREST RESID LIGHTING - - WOOD INDUSTRIES COGEN - - 0.2 REFINERY CCGT - - COGEN SCM FLARING - - JATROPHA 0.1 HYDRO AGRI RESIDUES - - FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 0.0 REFINERY - - 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 COGEN SCM - - JATROPHA - - Additional power in MW HYDRO - - * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Gambia Page 39 Country Data for Gambia Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - - - - - - 8 - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year - - - - - - 84,700 - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 28.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) - - - - - - 847,000 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) - - - - - - 8,470,000 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) - - - - - - 4,235,000 - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) - - - - - - - - - - 78 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) - - - - - - - - - - 78 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW - - - - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW - - - - - - - - - - - Additional power as a percent of the country power 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - - - - - 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 8 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 84,700 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 296,241 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 28.6% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 847,000 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 8,470,000 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 4,235,000 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE - Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE - Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE - Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE - Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Ghana Page 40 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 140 LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF Series left of this axis have no cost data 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 120 No cost data was available for the listed categories MOTOR EEI LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 BRT FLARING expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 2 100 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH COGEN MOTOR EEI - 0 LEAKAGE - 0 LANDFILLS 80 CMM WOOD INDUSTRIES BRT - 9 AGRI RESIDUES FUEL SWITCH - 23 TYPHA VAL FOREST RESID LANDFILLS - - COGEN SCM CCGT CMM - - 60 HYDRO TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - 40 JATROPHA CHARCOAL 1 8 CEMENT CEMENT 4 2 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 44 20 REFINERY 19 1 CCGT 20 8 AGRI RESIDUES 27 52 FOREST RESID 28 29 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 5 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 COGEN 28 3 FLARING 59 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 116 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF JATROPHA to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD REFINERY ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CHARCOAL LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW BRT DISTRIB EFF IMP - 131 WOOD INDUSTRIES STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH 1,500,000 LANDFILLS EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 24 MOTOR EEI - 13 CMM CCGT CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL FLARING LEAKAGE - - COGEN SCM COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 HYDRO LANDFILLS - - CMM - - LIGHTING TYPHA VAL - - COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - 500,000 LIGHTING 312,500 302 COGEN 1,000,000 93 CCGT 1,200,000 127 FLARING 1,200,000 37 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 101 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 1,016 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 572 REFINERY 1,400,000 20 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 332 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Ghana Page 41 Country Data for Ghana Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 5 4 - 20 7 10 - 1 - 7 2 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 772,058 329,870 - 5,171,368 2,865,825 508,293 - 76,596 - 2,112,906 200,841 148,239 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 11.6% 4.9% 0.0% 77.6% 43.0% 7.6% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% 31.7% 3.0% 2.2% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 7,720,584 3,298,695 - 51,713,676 28,658,252 5,082,930 - 765,957 - 44,371,021 2,008,406 1,482,388 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 77,205,844 32,986,951 - 517,136,758 286,582,518 50,829,302 - 7,659,569 - 443,710,209 20,084,064 14,823,879 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 38,602,922 16,493,476 - 258,568,379 143,291,259 25,414,651 - 3,829,784 - 221,855,104 10,042,032 7,411,939 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 1,014 815 - 8,008 4,507 799 - 295 - 2,615 - 176 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 - 1 1 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 127 93 - 1,016 572 101 - 37 - 332 - 20 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 9.7% 7.1% 0.0% 77.5% 43.6% 7.7% 0.0% 2.9% 0.0% 25.3% 0.0% 1.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 152 93 - 1,422 800 142 - 45 - 644 9 28 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 5 1 1 - - 69 1 2 - 20 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 81,249 167,537 81,539 14,825 2,605 - 751,061 8 419,827 - 1,071,925 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 1.2% 2.5% 1.2% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 11.3% 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 16.1% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 812,486 1,675,366 815,395 148,250 26,055 - 7,510,608 85 8,816,370 - 22,510,435 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 8,124,863 16,753,663 8,153,948 1,482,497 260,546 - 75,106,078 847 88,163,697 - 225,104,349 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 4,062,432 8,376,831 4,076,974 741,248 130,273 - 37,553,039 423 44,081,848 - 112,552,174 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 1,029 - 330 188 100 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 5,360 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 5,080 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 131 - 302 24 13 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 1,310 Additional power as a percent of the country power 10.0% 0.0% 23.0% 1.8% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 94 - - - 7 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 149 PoA number ALL SE 7 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 14,776,572 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 6,665,960 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 221.7% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 187,416,958 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,874,169,580 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 937,084,790 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 19,876 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 5,360 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 4 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 5,080 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,465 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 1,310 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 211.2% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,437 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Guinea Page 42 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost COGEN Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data AGRI RESIDUES 30 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF LIGHTING 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 25 MOTOR EEI No cost data was available for the listed categories LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 20 CMM HYDRO MOTOR EEI - 0 LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL JATROPHA BRT - 1 REFINERY FUEL SWITCH - - 15 CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - CCGT REFINERY - - FOREST RESID CCGT - - 10 WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - FLARING COGEN SCM - - CEMENT FLARING - - 5 CHARCOAL 1 2 LANDFILLS LANDFILLS 1 2 CEMENT 4 0 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 47 - HYDRO 16 48 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 LIGHTING 26 1 AGRI RESIDUES 28 12 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM JATROPHA EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI ($/MW) 2,000,000 CHARCOAL LEAKAGE No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - BRT expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 19 FUEL SWITCH AGRI RESIDUES STEAM - - CMM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 3 1,500,000 TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 2 CHARCOAL - - CCGT HYDRO LEAKAGE - - FLARING BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 CMM - - FOREST RESID COGEN TYPHA VAL - - WOOD INDUSTRIES CCGT - - REFINERY FLARING - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - 500,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES - - LIGHTING REFINERY - - COGEN SCM - - LIGHTING 312,500 59 COGEN 1,000,000 28 - HYDRO 1,034,483 725 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 LANDFILLS 1,154,813 2 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 242 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 355 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Guinea Page 43 Country Data for Guinea Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 3 - 5 - - - - 1 7 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 100,687 - 1,219,168 - - - - 158,303 2,258,380 38,054 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 7.5% 0.0% 91.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.8% 168.8% 2.8% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 1,006,868 - 12,191,685 - - - - 1,583,031 47,425,989 380,540 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 10,068,676 - 121,916,849 - - - - 15,830,306 474,259,894 3,805,402 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 5,034,338 - 60,958,424 - - - - 7,915,153 237,129,947 1,902,701 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 249 - 1,907 - - - - 8 2,795 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 - 2 - - - - 0 4 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 28 - 242 - - - - 2 355 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 11.2% 0.0% 95.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.7% 139.5% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 28 - 339 - - - - 2 688 2 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 2 1 - - - 16 - 1 3 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 49,881 51,138 69,083 2,355 4,758 - 177,870 - 56,737 2,303,700 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 3.7% 3.8% 5.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.0% 13.3% 0.0% 4.2% 172.2% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 498,812 511,376 690,830 23,553 47,580 - 1,778,700 - 1,191,480 48,377,700 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 4,988,116 5,113,755 6,908,297 235,531 475,802 - 17,787,000 - 11,914,798 483,777,000 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 2,494,058 2,556,878 3,454,148 117,765 237,901 - 8,893,500 - 5,957,399 241,888,500 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 149 - 85 21 14 - - - - 3,291 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 775 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - 4 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 19 - 59 3 2 - - - - 725 - Countries' installed power in MW 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 254 Additional power as a percent of the country power 7.4% 0.0% 23.0% 1.1% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 285.2% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 18 - - - 2 - - 750 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 41 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 6,490,115 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 1,337,952 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 485.1% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 115,708,143 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,157,081,425 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 578,540,713 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 8,520 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 775 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 11 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 721 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,375 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 254 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 564.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1,829 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Guinea Bissau Page 44 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 30 Series left of this axis have no cost data AGRI RESIDUES COGEN Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF LIGHTING 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 25 MOTOR EEI * LEAKAGE No cost data was available for the listed categories DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 20 MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM JATROPHA BRT - 0 TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 15 LANDFILLS - - CMM - - CEMENT TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY CEMENT - - 10 CCGT REFINERY - - FOREST RESID CCGT - - WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 5 HYDRO COGEN SCM - - CHARCOAL FLARING HYDRO - - FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 1 - JATROPHA 15 7 - 2 4 6 8 10 12 LIGHTING 26 0 AGRI RESIDUES 28 1 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project JATROPHA STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - No cost data and/or no power generation from projects LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 BRT STEAM - - EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - CMM LEAKAGE - - COGEN TYPHA VAL BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - FLARING TYPHA VAL - - FOREST RESID CCGT - - WOOD INDUSTRIES FLARING - - 500,000 REFINERY FOREST RESID - - LIGHTING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - REFINERY - - COGEN SCM COGEN SCM - - HYDRO HYDRO - - - LIGHTING 312,500 5 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 COGEN 1,000,000 10 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 28 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 52 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Guinea Bissau Page 45 Country Data for Bissau Guinea Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - 1 - - - - - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 35,326 - 140,115 - - - - - 331,789 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 9.2% 0.0% 36.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 86.8% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 353,258 - 1,401,154 - - - - - 6,967,574 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 3,532,578 - 14,011,540 - - - - - 69,675,736 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 1,766,289 - 7,005,770 - - - - - 34,837,868 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 87 - 218 - - - - - 411 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 2 - 4 - - - - - 7 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 10 - 28 - - - - - 52 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 41.9% 0.0% 116.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 219.2% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 10 - 39 - - - - - 101 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 1 1 - - - 9 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 8,532 17,942 6,459 329 811 - 102,850 - 16,292 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.2% 4.7% 1.7% 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 26.9% 0.0% 4.3% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 85,325 179,415 64,593 3,295 8,112 - 1,028,500 - 342,133 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 853,248 1,794,153 645,929 32,949 81,122 - 10,285,000 - 3,421,332 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 426,624 897,076 322,964 16,474 40,561 - 5,142,500 - 1,710,666 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 11 - 8 1 1 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 1 - 5 0 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.6% 0.0% 23.0% 0.7% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 2 - - - 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 16 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 660,446 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 382,323 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 172.7% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 10,433,359 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 104,333,586 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 52,166,793 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 737 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 55 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 13 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 51 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 91 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 24 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 407.4% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 153 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Kenya Page 46 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING 50 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects COGEN SCM No cost data was available for the listed categories 21 years) DSTRIB EFF ($/tCO2) 45 COGEN STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD AGRI RESIDUES 40 WOOD INDUSTRIES * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 2 MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 2 LEAKAGE CCGT 35 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 BRT MOTOR EEI - 0 REFINERY 30 FUEL SWITCH LEAKAGE - - BRT - 11 LANDFILLS FUEL SWITCH - - 25 CMM LANDFILLS - - JATROPHA TYPHA VAL CMM - - 20 HYDRO TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO - - FLARING FLARING - - 15 CHARCOAL 1 26 CEMENT 4 2 10 CEMENT JATROPHA 15 110 REFINERY 19 3 5 CCGT 20 3 CHARCOAL AGRI RESIDUES 27 65 FOREST RESID 28 29 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 6 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 COGEN 28 4 COGEN SCM 41 2 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 44 2 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 CEMENT factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost DSTRIB EFF Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects JATROPHA to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN SCM No cost data and/or no power generation from projects ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL REFINERY LEAKAGE CEMENT - - AGRI RESIDUES FOREST RESID expressed in USD per MW BRT DISTRIB EFF IMP - 121 FUEL SWITCH WOOD INDUSTRIES STEAM - - EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 20 1,500,000 MOTOR EEI - 10 CCGT LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 CMM LANDFILLS - - CMM - - TYPHA VAL TYPHA VAL - - FLARING FLARING - - HYDRO HYDRO - - 500,000 LIGHTING LIGHTING 312,500 215 COGEN 1,000,000 100 CCGT 1,200,000 51 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 115 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 1,257 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 575 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 REFINERY 1,400,000 40 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 62 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 821 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Kenya Page 47 Country Data for Kenya Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 3 4 6 25 5 11 - - - 16 3 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 308,823 355,322 228,389 6,527,465 2,883,258 574,235 - - - 5,228,996 162,470 296,478 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 3.1% 3.6% 2.3% 66.0% 29.2% 5.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 52.9% 1.6% 3.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 3,088,234 3,553,215 2,283,888 65,274,654 28,832,585 5,742,350 - - - 109,808,921 1,624,695 2,964,776 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 30,882,338 35,532,153 22,838,876 652,746,540 288,325,847 57,423,499 - - - 1,098,089,209 16,246,951 29,647,758 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 15,441,169 17,766,076 11,419,438 326,373,270 144,162,924 28,711,749 - - - 549,044,605 8,123,475 14,823,879 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 406 874 326 9,911 4,534 903 - - - 6,472 - 351 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 2 1 0 - - - 1 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 51 100 62 1,257 575 115 - - - 821 - 40 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 5.4% 10.7% 6.6% 134.6% 61.6% 12.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 87.9% 0.0% 4.3% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 61 100 93 1,760 805 160 - - - 1,594 7 56 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 5 1 1 1 - 237 - 2 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 197,486 180,463 152,212 32,886 21,975 - 2,571,791 - 531,781 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.0% 1.8% 1.5% 0.3% 0.2% 0.0% 26.0% 0.0% 5.4% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 1,974,859 1,804,634 1,522,117 328,855 219,752 - 25,717,914 - 11,167,402 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 19,748,592 18,046,339 15,221,170 3,288,551 2,197,515 - 257,179,142 - 111,674,016 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 9,874,296 9,023,169 7,610,585 1,644,276 1,098,758 - 128,589,571 - 55,837,008 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 955 - 236 159 82 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 4,976 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 4,170 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 121 - 215 20 10 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 934 Additional power as a percent of the country power 13.0% 0.0% 23.0% 2.2% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 67 - - - 25 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 317 PoA number ALL SE 5 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 20,254,030 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 9,882,854 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 204.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 265,908,849 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,659,088,494 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,329,544,247 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 25,210 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 4,976 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 5 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 4,170 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 3,172 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 934 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 362.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 4,728 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Liberia Page 48 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis 45 DSTRIB EFF have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects LANDFILLS STEAM WOOD INDUSTRIES 21 years) CMM ($/tCO2) 40 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN TYPHA VAL COGEN SCM MOTOR EEI JATROPHA LIGHTING * DISTRIB EFF IMP - - 35 LEAKAGE HYDRO CCGT No cost data was available for the listed categories expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - - BRT FLARING EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - AGRI RESIDUES 30 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - - FOREST RESID LEAKAGE - - BRT - - 25 FUEL SWITCH - - REFINERY LANDFILLS - - 20 CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - JATROPHA - 21 15 CCGT - - AGRI RESIDUES - - FOREST RESID - - 10 WOOD INDUSTRIES - - CEMENT COGEN - - 5 LIGHTING - - CHARCOAL HYDRO - - FLARING - - - CHARCOAL 1 2 - 5 10 15 20 25 CEMENT 4 0 REFINERY 19 0 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN SCM 41 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 1,600,000 COGEN SCM factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost BRT CCGT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF FUEL SWITCH FLARING 1,400,000 STEAM LANDFILLS AGRI RESIDUES REFINERY ($/MW) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD CMM FOREST RESID 1,200,000 MOTOR EEI TYPHA VAL WOOD INDUSTRIES CEMENT - - LIGHTING JATROPHA CHARCOAL expressed in USD per MW No cost data and/or no power generation from projects DISTRIB EFF IMP - - COGEN HYDRO Series left of this axis LEAKAGE have no cost data STEAM - - 1,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - MOTOR EEI - - CHARCOAL - - 800,000 LEAKAGE - - BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 600,000 LANDFILLS - - CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - LIGHTING - - 400,000 COGEN - - CCGT - - FLARING - - 200,000 AGRI RESIDUES - - FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - - JATROPHA - 161 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 HYDRO - - REFINERY 1,400,000 7 Additional power in MW COGEN SCM 1,500,000 2 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Liberia Page 49 Country Data for Liberia Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - - 1 - - - - - - 3 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - - 7,854 - - - - - - 1,023,017 3,171 49,413 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 0.0% 1.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 192.8% 0.6% 9.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - - 78,540 - - - - - - 21,483,352 31,712 494,129 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - - 785,400 - - - - - - 214,833,518 317,117 4,941,293 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - - 392,700 - - - - - - 107,416,759 158,558 2,470,646 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - - 11 - - - - - - 1,266 - 59 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - - 2 - - - - - - 161 - 7 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 16.8% 0.0% 0.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - - 3 - - - - - - - 0 9 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - - - - - - 16 - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year - - - - - - 168,190 - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 31.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) - - - - - - 1,681,900 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) - - - - - - 16,819,000 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) - - - - - - 8,409,500 - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) - - - - - - - - - - - Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 1,196 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW - - - - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 955 Additional power as a percent of the country power 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - - - - - 2 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 22 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 1,251,645 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 530,531 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 235.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 23,769,633 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 237,696,328 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 118,848,164 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 1,336 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE - Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,196 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 169 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 955 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 17.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 14 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Madagascar Page 50 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 45 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN SCM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) 40 STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD No cost data was available for the listed categories MOTOR EEI AGRI RESIDUES * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 1 35 LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 BRT COGEN EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 30 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LIGHTING LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - BRT - 2 25 CMM FUEL SWITCH - - TYPHA VAL REFINERY LANDFILLS - - 20 CCGT CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - FOREST RESID JATROPHA CCGT - - 15 FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES WOOD INDUSTRIES - - HYDRO HYDRO - - 10 FLARING FLARING - - CEMENT CHARCOAL 1 8 5 CEMENT 4 0 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 113 REFINERY 19 0 - LIGHTING 26 1 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 COGEN 28 1 AGRI RESIDUES 29 16 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN SCM 41 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF JATROPHA STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI REFINERY No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CHARCOAL CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 20 AGRI RESIDUES COGEN SCM BRT STEAM - - 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 3 MOTOR EEI - 2 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - 1,000,000 COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - TYPHA VAL CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - FLARING CCGT - - FOREST RESID FLARING - - 500,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - LIGHTING HYDRO - - HYDRO LIGHTING 312,500 43 COGEN 1,000,000 38 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 332 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 REFINERY 1,400,000 7 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 20 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 847 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Madagascar Page 51 Country Data for Madagascar Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 3 3 7 - - - - - 17 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 136,406 75,759 1,623,560 - - - - - 5,392,402 3,488 49,413 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 5.4% 3.0% 63.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 212.0% 0.1% 1.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 1,364,059 757,589 16,235,598 - - - - - 113,240,432 34,883 494,129 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 13,640,587 7,575,891 162,355,981 - - - - - 1,132,404,316 348,828 4,941,293 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 6,820,293 3,787,946 81,177,991 - - - - - 566,202,158 174,414 2,470,646 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 336 108 2,615 - - - - - 6,674 - 59 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 0 3 - - - - - 8 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 38 20 332 - - - - - 847 - 7 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 20.7% 11.0% 178.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 456.0% 0.0% 3.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 38 31 464 - - - - - 1,644 0 9 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 2 1 1 - - 69 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 61,989 69,279 50,574 3,433 5,914 - 750,200 - 113,167 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.4% 2.7% 2.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 29.5% 0.0% 4.4% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 619,891 692,788 505,745 34,334 59,140 - 7,502,000 - 2,376,501 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 6,198,910 6,927,884 5,057,449 343,342 591,401 - 75,020,000 - 23,765,014 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 3,099,455 3,463,942 2,528,724 171,671 295,701 - 37,510,000 - 11,882,507 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 157 - 62 26 15 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 820 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 763 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 20 - 43 3 2 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 Additional power as a percent of the country power 10.8% 0.0% 23.0% 1.8% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 13 - - - 7 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 107 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 8,335,584 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 2,544,178 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 327.6% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 143,917,090 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,439,170,899 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 719,585,449 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 10,053 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 820 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 12 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 763 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,269 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 186 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 706.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 2,207 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Malawi Page 52 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 600 Series left of this axis have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM LIGHTING EEI IN HOUSEHOLD No cost data was available for the listed categories 500 MOTOR EEI * LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH 400 MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - 1 TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 300 REFINERY LANDFILLS - - COGEN SCM CCGT CMM - - FOREST RESID HYDRO TYPHA VAL - - FLARING REFINERY - - 200 WOOD INDUSTRIES CCGT - - AGRI RESIDUES COGEN HYDRO - - CHARCOAL JATROPHA FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 6 100 CEMENT CEMENT 4 0 JATROPHA 15 23 AGRI RESIDUES 27 49 COGEN 28 1 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 2 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 FOREST RESID 28 7 COGEN SCM 41 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 479 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 CEMENT factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost DSTRIB EFF Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects JATROPHA to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI ($/MW) 2,000,000 CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects COGEN SCM LEAKAGE CEMENT - - BRT WOOD INDUSTRIES expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 31 FUEL SWITCH FOREST RESID STEAM - - LANDFILLS 1,500,000 AGRI RESIDUES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 6 MOTOR EEI - 3 CMM CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - BRT - - CCGT 1,000,000 COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - FLARING CMM - - REFINERY TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO CCGT - - 500,000 LIGHTING FLARING - - REFINERY - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 69 COGEN 1,000,000 16 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 951 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 146 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 39 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 27 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 171 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Malawi Page 53 Country Data for Malawi Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 2 19 2 4 - - - 3 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 57,668 98,490 4,915,186 731,418 195,787 - - - 1,088,327 20,084 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 6.7% 11.5% 574.5% 85.5% 22.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 127.2% 2.3% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 576,681 984,900 49,151,863 7,314,177 1,957,869 - - - 22,854,876 200,841 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 5,766,812 9,849,000 491,518,629 73,141,770 19,578,694 - - - 228,548,759 2,008,406 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 2,883,406 4,924,500 245,759,315 36,570,885 9,789,347 - - - 114,274,379 1,004,203 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 141 141 7,500 1,150 308 - - - 1,347 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 0 6 1 0 - - - 1 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 16 27 951 146 39 - - - 171 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 5.4% 8.9% 317.1% 48.6% 13.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 56.9% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 16 40 1,332 204 55 - - - 332 1 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 1 1 - - - 57 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 4,733 29,289 4,510 854 149 - 612,609 - 55,977 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.6% 3.4% 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 71.6% 0.0% 6.5% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 47,333 292,889 45,095 8,538 1,489 - 6,126,086 - 1,175,516 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 473,329 2,928,892 450,953 85,378 14,888 - 61,260,861 - 11,755,160 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 236,664 1,464,446 225,476 42,689 7,444 - 30,630,430 - 5,877,580 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 248 - 76 45 24 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 1,293 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 1,202 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 31 - 69 6 3 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power 10.5% 0.0% 23.0% 1.9% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 22 - - - 6 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 90 PoA number ALL SE 2 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 7,815,080 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 855,555 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 913.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 90,738,153 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 907,381,531 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 453,690,766 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 10,979 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 1,293 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 8 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,202 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,390 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 486.4% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 2,007 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Mali Page 54 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 40 Series left of this axis have no cost data HYDRO Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF LIGHTING 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 35 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI COGEN * No cost data was available for the listed categories DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES 30 expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 25 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CCGT CMM BRT - 1 FUEL SWITCH - - TYPHA VAL 20 LANDFILLS - - CEMENT CMM - - JATROPHA REFINERY TYPHA VAL - - 15 CEMENT - - FOREST RESID REFINERY - - WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - 10 COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - FLARING COGEN SCM - - FLARING - - 5 CHARCOAL 1 1 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 60 CCGT 20 1 - AGRI RESIDUES 28 15 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 COGEN 28 0 LIGHTING 35 1 GHG reduction in million tons HYDRO 35 16 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 3,000,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF HYDRO to the project STEAM 2,500,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects JATROPHA CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 11 2,000,000 AGRI RESIDUES BRT STEAM - - EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 1 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - 1,500,000 CMM LEAKAGE - - BRT - - CCGT FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - COGEN 1,000,000 CMM - - TYPHA VAL TYPHA VAL - - FLARING FLARING - - FOREST RESID - - FOREST RESID 500,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES WOOD INDUSTRIES - - REFINERY - - LIGHTING COGEN SCM - - REFINERY LIGHTING 312,500 77 COGEN SCM COGEN 1,000,000 0 - CCGT 1,200,000 13 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 294 JATROPHA 1,941,771 447 Additional power in MW HYDRO 2,549,191 229 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Mali Page 55 Country Data for Mali Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 1 1 - 6 - - - - - 9 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 76,612 341 - 1,473,553 - - - - - 2,847,582 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 11.5% 0.1% 0.0% 221.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 428.6% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 766,120 3,412 - 14,735,526 - - - - - 59,799,219 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 7,661,195 34,123 - 147,355,265 - - - - - 597,992,195 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 3,830,598 17,061 - 73,677,632 - - - - - 298,996,097 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 101 1 - 2,319 - - - - - 3,524 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 - 5 - - - - - 8 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 13 0 - 294 - - - - - 447 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 2.9% 0.0% 0.0% 67.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 102.3% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 15 0 - 412 - - - - - 868 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 - 1 - - - 10 - 1 7 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 17,489 173 69,427 1,119 1,676 - 112,530 - 48,249 782,600 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.6% 0.0% 10.4% 0.2% 0.3% 0.0% 16.9% 0.0% 7.3% 117.8% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 174,892 1,733 694,275 11,192 16,762 - 1,125,300 - 1,013,239 16,434,600 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 1,748,921 17,331 6,942,747 111,922 167,624 - 11,253,000 - 10,132,393 164,346,000 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 874,460 8,665 3,471,374 55,961 83,812 - 5,626,500 - 5,066,197 82,173,000 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 88 - 112 4 8 - - - - 1,118 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - 2 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 11 - 77 1 1 - - - - 229 - Countries' installed power in MW 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 437 Additional power as a percent of the country power 2.6% 0.0% 17.6% 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 52.3% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 24 - - - 1 - - 583 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 37 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 5,431,353 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 664,398 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 817.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 94,776,272 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 947,762,716 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 473,881,358 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 7,276 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 16 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 430 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 995 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 437 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 245.3% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1,903 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results Mauritania Page 56 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN 30 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF LIGHTING 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 25 MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE No cost data was available for the listed categories BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 2 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH 20 MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM JATROPHA BRT - 5 TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 15 LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - AGRI RESIDUES REFINERY - - 10 FOREST RESID CCGT - - WOOD INDUSTRIES AGRI RESIDUES - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 5 HYDRO CEMENT COGEN SCM - - CHARCOAL HYDRO - - FLARING FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 2 - CEMENT 4 0 - 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 JATROPHA 15 20 LIGHTING 26 0 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 3 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project JATROPHA STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL CEMENT - - LEAKAGE No cost data and/or no power generation from projects expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 4 BRT STEAM - - 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS COGEN MOTOR EEI - 0 CHARCOAL - - CMM LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 CCGT LANDFILLS - - CMM - - FLARING TYPHA VAL - - AGRI RESIDUES CCGT - - FOREST RESID FLARING - - 500,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES AGRI RESIDUES - - REFINERY FOREST RESID - - LIGHTING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - COGEN SCM HYDRO REFINERY - - COGEN SCM - - - HYDRO - - - 50 100 150 200 250 300 LIGHTING 312,500 17 COGEN 1,000,000 86 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 149 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Mauritania Page 57 Country Data for Mauritania Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 4 - - - - - - - 3 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 304,570 - - - - - - - 946,775 11,628 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 11.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 36.0% 0.4% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 3,045,699 - - - - - - - 19,882,276 116,276 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 30,456,994 - - - - - - - 198,822,760 1,162,762 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 15,228,497 - - - - - - - 99,411,380 581,381 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 752 - - - - - - - 1,172 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 5 - - - - - - - 8 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 86 - - - - - - - 149 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 43.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 75.4% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 86 - - - - - - - 289 1 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 5 1 - - - 20 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 23,291 154,687 20,602 811 2,277 - 212,960 - 241,161 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.9% 5.9% 0.8% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 8.1% 0.0% 9.2% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 232,913 1,546,873 206,018 8,113 22,766 - 2,129,600 - 5,064,377 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 2,329,132 15,468,729 2,060,179 81,129 227,664 - 21,296,000 - 50,643,770 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 1,164,566 7,734,364 1,030,090 40,564 113,832 - 10,648,000 - 25,321,885 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 29 - 25 3 3 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 143 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 4 - 17 0 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 197 Additional power as a percent of the country power 1.9% 0.0% 8.9% 0.2% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 5 - - - 2 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 36 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 1,918,762 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 2,631,210 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 72.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 32,254,912 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 322,549,118 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 161,274,559 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 1,984 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 150 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 13 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 143 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 239 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 197 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 130.1% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 382 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Mauritius Page 58 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 45 COGEN SCM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) 40 STEAM Series left of this axis have no cost data EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI COGEN * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 2 35 LEAKAGE No cost data was available for the listed categories expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 LIGHTING BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 30 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - 25 CMM CCGT BRT - 4 FUEL SWITCH - - TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CEMENT 20 CMM - - JATROPHA TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY CEMENT - - 15 AGRI RESIDUES JATROPHA - - FOREST RESID REFINERY - - CHARCOAL AGRI RESIDUES - - 10 WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES - - FLARING 5 HYDRO - - FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 0 - CCGT 20 2 - 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 LIGHTING 26 2 COGEN 28 1 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN SCM 41 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 1,600,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN SCM factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects CCGT to the project DSTRIB EFF 1,400,000 STEAM COGEN ($/MW) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI 1,200,000 CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 55 BRT STEAM - - 1,000,000 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 7 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 4 CMM CHARCOAL - - 800,000 LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - FLARING FUEL SWITCH - - 600,000 AGRI RESIDUES LIGHTING LANDFILLS - - FOREST RESID CMM - - WOOD INDUSTRIES TYPHA VAL - - FLARING - - 400,000 REFINERY AGRI RESIDUES - - FOREST RESID - - JATROPHA WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 200,000 HYDRO REFINERY - - JATROPHA - - HYDRO - - - LIGHTING 312,500 138 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 COGEN 1,000,000 21 CCGT 1,200,000 32 Additional power in MW COGEN SCM 1,500,000 33 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Mauritius Page 59 Country Data for Mauritius Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 2 4 13 - - - - - - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 191,946 74,291 123,760 - - - - - - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 4.8% 1.9% 3.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 1,919,456 742,908 1,237,600 - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 19,194,561 7,429,084 12,376,000 - - - - - - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 9,597,280 3,714,542 6,188,000 - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 252 182 177 - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 32 21 33 - - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 3.3% 2.2% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 38 21 50 - - - - - - - - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 2 1 1 1 - 0 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 244,345 72,050 164,042 14,503 28,558 - 1,646 - 178,601 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 6.1% 1.8% 4.1% 0.4% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.4% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 2,443,452 720,503 1,640,416 145,030 285,585 - 16,456 - 3,750,622 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 24,434,519 7,205,028 16,404,158 1,450,303 2,855,845 - 164,560 - 37,506,215 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 12,217,260 3,602,514 8,202,079 725,152 1,427,923 - 82,280 - 18,753,108 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 436 - 201 54 35 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 1,285 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 1,195 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 55 - 138 7 4 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 954 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.8% 0.0% 14.4% 0.7% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 43 - - - 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 26 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 1,093,742 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 4,013,866 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 27.2% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 12,902,027 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 129,020,273 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 64,510,137 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 1,336 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 1,285 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 1 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,195 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 152 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 954 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 30.4% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 152 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Mozambique Page 60 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING 5,000 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 4,500 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD No cost data was available for the listed categories MOTOR EEI 4,000 LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 FUEL SWITCH 3,500 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - - 3,000 TYPHA VAL BRT - 3 REFINERY FUEL SWITCH - - 2,500 LANDFILLS - - COGEN SCM CMM - - FLARING COGEN 2,000 TYPHA VAL - - CHARCOAL FOREST RESID REFINERY - - COGEN SCM - - 1,500 CEMENT FLARING - - JATROPHA WOOD INDUSTRIES CHARCOAL 1 6 1,000 CCGT AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT 4 0 HYDRO JATROPHA 15 151 500 HYDRO 17 174 CCGT 20 1 AGRI RESIDUES 27 48 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 5 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 FOREST RESID 28 23 COGEN 29 2 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 4,516 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM JATROPHA EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 HYDRO No cost data and/or no power generation from projects MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID CHARCOAL CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 282 AGRI RESIDUES STEAM - - BRT 1,500,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 36 MOTOR EEI - 20 CHARCOAL - - CCGT LEAKAGE - - BRT - - COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - FUEL SWITCH CMM - - LANDFILLS TYPHA VAL - - CMM FLARING - - TYPHA VAL REFINERY - - 500,000 FLARING COGEN SCM - - LIGHTING LIGHTING 312,500 539 REFINERY COGEN 1,000,000 51 CCGT 1,200,000 12 COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 99 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 946 - 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 468 HYDRO 1,500,000 2,000 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,131 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Mozambique Page 61 Country Data for Mozambique Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 1 4 - 19 12 10 - - - 23 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 74,236 175,501 - 4,849,774 2,346,729 494,739 - - - 7,202,444 38,265 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 3.2% 7.6% 0.0% 210.7% 101.9% 21.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 312.9% 1.7% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 742,364 1,755,005 - 48,497,744 23,467,294 4,947,385 - - - 151,251,323 382,654 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 7,423,639 17,550,050 - 484,977,437 234,672,937 49,473,854 - - - 1,512,513,232 3,826,543 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 3,711,819 8,775,025 - 242,488,718 117,336,468 24,736,927 - - - 756,256,616 1,913,271 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 97 444 - 7,462 3,691 778 - - - 8,914 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 - 1 0 0 - - - 1 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 12 51 - 946 468 99 - - - 1,131 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.5% 2.2% 0.0% 40.4% 20.0% 4.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 48.3% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 15 51 - 1,325 655 138 - - - 2,195 2 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 3 1 - 1 - 58 - 1 2 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 4,496 89,135 3,731 578 40,987 - 627,449 - 121,283 8,305,085 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.2% 3.9% 0.2% 0.0% 1.8% 0.0% 27.3% 0.0% 5.3% 360.8% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 44,961 891,345 37,307 5,784 409,874 - 6,274,495 - 2,546,951 174,406,780 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 449,608 8,913,452 373,067 57,836 4,098,743 - 62,744,948 - 25,469,512 1,744,067,797 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 224,804 4,456,726 186,534 28,918 2,049,372 - 31,372,474 - 12,734,756 872,033,898 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 2,223 - 590 286 157 - - - - 11,864 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 11,580 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - 1 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 282 - 539 36 20 - - - - 2,000 - Countries' installed power in MW 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 2,340 Additional power as a percent of the country power 12.1% 0.0% 23.0% 1.6% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 85.5% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 168 - - - 6 - - 3,000 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 123 PoA number ALL SE 12 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 24,374,433 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 2,301,879 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 1058.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 415,661,266 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 4,156,612,656 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,078,306,328 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 36,508 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 11,580 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 3 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 8,000 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 5,045 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 2,340 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 238.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 7,556 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Namibia Page 62 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost COGEN Reduction over 30 Series left of this axis have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF AGRI RESIDUES STEAM 21 years) ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD HYDRO 25 MOTOR EEI LEAKAGE * No cost data was available for the listed categories DISTRIB EFF IMP - - BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - 20 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - - CMM JATROPHA LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - 4 CEMENT FUEL SWITCH - - 15 LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - CEMENT - - 10 FOREST RESID REFINERY - - WOOD INDUSTRIES CCGT - - LIGHTING FOREST RESID - - COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 5 FLARING LIGHTING - - CHARCOAL COGEN SCM - - FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 0 - JATROPHA 15 159 - 50 100 150 200 250 HYDRO 23 57 AGRI RESIDUES 27 1 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 2 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD HYDRO JATROPHA ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 36 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - 1,500,000 AGRI RESIDUES MOTOR EEI - 6 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - CMM LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - 1,000,000 COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - LIGHTING CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - FLARING LIGHTING - - FOREST RESID CCGT - - 500,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES FLARING - - REFINERY FOREST RESID - - COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - REFINERY - - COGEN SCM - - - COGEN 1,000,000 56 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 20 JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,187 Additional power in MW HYDRO 2,000,000 650 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Namibia Page 63 Country Data for Namibia Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 5 - 1 - - - - - 24 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 199,422 - 103,110 - - - - - 7,562,544 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 77.2% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 1,994,222 - 1,031,102 - - - - - 158,813,417 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 19,942,219 - 10,311,020 - - - - - 1,588,134,168 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 9,971,110 - 5,155,510 - - - - - 794,067,084 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 493 - 159 - - - - - 9,360 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 - 0 - - - - - 6 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT - - - - - - - - - - - - Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 56 - 20 - - - - - 1,187 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 18.7% 0.0% 6.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 395.7% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 56 - 28 - - - - - 2,305 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 3 - - - - 1 - 1 2 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year - 101,284 - - - - 15,217 - 195,919 2,699,153 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.0% 1.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% 2.0% 27.5% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) - 1,012,841 - - - - 152,166 - 4,114,306 56,682,203 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) - 10,128,405 - - - - 1,521,659 - 41,143,058 566,822,034 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) - 5,064,203 - - - - 760,829 - 20,571,529 283,411,017 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 280 - - - 47 - - - - 3,856 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 1,460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - - - 0 - - - - 3 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) - - - - - - - - - - - Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 36 - - - 6 - - - - 650 - Countries' installed power in MW 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power 11.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 216.7% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - - - - - 0 - - 1,300 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 37 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 10,876,649 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 9,800,000 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 111.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 223,800,256 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,238,002,563 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,119,001,282 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 14,194 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 1,460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 10 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE - Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,955 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 651.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,690 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Niger Page 64 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 80 Series left of this axis have no cost data AGRI RESIDUES Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM 70 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI * No cost data was available for the listed categories DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE 60 expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 50 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - 2 TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 40 LANDFILLS - - REFINERY COGEN CMM - - FOREST RESID LIGHTING TYPHA VAL - - 30 WOOD INDUSTRIES REFINERY - - COGEN SCM CCGT FOREST RESID - - HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 20 JATROPHA FLARING COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - FLARING - - 10 CEMENT CHARCOAL 1 1 CEMENT 4 0 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 49 - CCGT 20 1 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 LIGHTING 25 0 COGEN 26 0 GHG reduction in million tons AGRI RESIDUES 73 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD JATROPHA ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 5 BRT STEAM - - AGRI RESIDUES 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 MOTOR EEI - 1 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - CCGT LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - FLARING CMM - - FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - FLARING - - WOOD INDUSTRIES FOREST RESID - - 500,000 REFINERY WOOD INDUSTRIES - - COGEN SCM REFINERY - - LIGHTING COGEN SCM - - HYDRO HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 28 - COGEN 1,000,000 12 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 CCGT 1,200,000 13 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 18 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 365 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Niger Page 65 Country Data for Niger Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 2 1 - 0 - - - - - 7 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 81,660 44,197 - 34,187 - - - - - 2,327,669 5,814 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 6.6% 3.6% 0.0% 2.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 188.5% 0.5% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 816,600 441,975 - 341,865 - - - - - 48,881,039 58,138 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 8,166,003 4,419,749 - 3,418,654 - - - - - 488,810,394 581,381 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 4,083,001 2,209,875 - 1,709,327 - - - - - 244,405,197 290,690 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 107 101 - 140 - - - - - 2,881 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 1 0 - 1 - - - - - 14 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 13 12 - 18 - - - - - 365 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 11.0% 9.5% 0.0% 14.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 300.2% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 16 12 - 25 - - - - - 710 0 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 1 1 1 - - 7 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 34,255 22,447 35,628 3,348 6,459 - 75,777 - 80,978 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 2.8% 1.8% 2.9% 0.3% 0.5% 0.0% 6.1% 0.0% 6.6% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 342,546 224,474 356,279 33,476 64,590 - 757,768 - 1,700,529 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 3,425,464 2,244,736 3,562,790 334,761 645,897 - 7,577,682 - 17,005,285 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 1,712,732 1,122,368 1,781,395 167,380 322,948 - 3,788,841 - 8,502,643 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 39 - 41 12 7 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 377 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 5 - 28 1 1 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 Additional power as a percent of the country power 4.1% 0.0% 23.0% 1.2% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 9 - - - 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 24 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 2,752,417 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 1,234,769 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 222.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 54,019,279 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 540,192,794 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 270,096,397 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 3,329 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 205 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 16 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 377 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 416 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 122 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 364.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 772 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Nigeria Page 66 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 70 Series left of this axis have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects FLARING No cost data was available for the listed categories DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM 60 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI LIGHTING * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 7 LEAKAGE COGEN expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 30 50 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 3 FUEL SWITCH WOOD INDUSTRIES MOTOR EEI - 1 LANDFILLS FOREST RESID LEAKAGE - 1 40 TYPHA VAL BRT - 58 AGRI RESIDUES FUEL SWITCH - - COGEN SCM LANDFILLS - - HYDRO TYPHA VAL - - 30 CCGT COGEN SCM - - REFINERY HYDRO - - JATROPHA CHARCOAL 1 15 20 CEMENT 4 3 CMM 5 0 JATROPHA 15 176 CMM 10 REFINERY 19 14 CCGT 20 240 CEMENT AGRI RESIDUES 28 206 CHARCOAL FOREST RESID 28 91 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 35 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 COGEN 31 60 LIGHTING 39 11 GHG reduction in million tons FLARING 59 551 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project JATROPHA STEAM No cost data and/or no power generation from projects EEI IN HOUSEHOLD WOOD INDUSTRIES ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID CHARCOAL LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW BRT REFINERY DISTRIB EFF IMP - 184 STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 88 1,500,000 LANDFILLS TYPHA VAL CCGT MOTOR EEI - 49 FLARING CMM CHARCOAL - - LEAKAGE - - BRT - - COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - COGEN SCM TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING LIGHTING 312,500 1,357 500,000 COGEN 1,000,000 1,868 CMM 1,200,000 0 CCGT 1,200,000 3,943 FLARING 1,200,000 26,941 REFINERY 1,400,000 196 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 4,113 - 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 1,824 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 703 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,313 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Nigeria Page 67 Country Data for Nigeria Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 132 40 - 82 29 70 - 27 - 26 5 4 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 23,985,243 5,992,343 - 20,645,315 9,142,071 3,522,421 - 55,148,895 - 8,366,113 335,372 1,446,152 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 22.8% 5.7% 0.0% 19.6% 8.7% 3.3% 0.0% 52.4% 0.0% 8.0% 0.3% 1.4% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 239,852,425 59,923,433 - 206,453,146 91,420,708 35,224,214 - 551,488,954 - 175,688,371 3,353,722 14,461,517 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 2,398,524,253 599,234,331 - 2,064,531,458 914,207,078 352,242,138 - 5,514,889,536 - 1,756,883,707 33,537,216 144,615,174 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 1,199,262,127 299,617,165 - 1,032,265,729 457,103,539 176,121,069 - 2,757,444,768 - 878,441,854 16,768,608 72,307,587 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 31,495 16,361 - 32,427 14,377 5,540 - 212,401 - 10,354 - 1,713 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 2 1 - 2 1 0 - 10 - 1 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 3,943 1,868 - 4,113 1,824 703 - 26,941 - 1,313 - 196 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 66.9% 31.7% 0.0% 69.8% 31.0% 11.9% 0.0% 457.4% 0.0% 22.3% 0.0% 3.3% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 4,731 1,868 - 5,758 2,553 984 - 32,329 - 2,550 15 274 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 20 1 4 1 1 136 2 12 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 710,892 3,043,437 1,086,539 341,304 62,501 3,738 1,469,058 63,923 2,770,859 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.7% 2.9% 1.0% 0.3% 0.1% 0.0% 1.4% 0.1% 2.6% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 7,108,919 30,434,367 10,865,393 3,413,039 625,006 37,378 14,690,584 639,227 58,188,040 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 71,089,192 304,343,670 108,653,931 34,130,387 6,250,060 373,783 146,905,835 6,392,272 581,880,398 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 35,544,596 152,171,835 54,326,965 17,065,194 3,125,030 186,891 73,452,918 3,196,136 290,940,199 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 1,449 - 1,486 696 386 1 - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 20,700 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 19,610 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 184 - 1,357 88 49 0 - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 5,890 Additional power as a percent of the country power 3.1% 0.0% 23.0% 1.5% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 424 - - 0 14 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 563 PoA number ALL SE 29 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 138,136,175 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 105,191,801 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 131.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 1,503,868,442 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 15,038,684,420 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 7,519,342,210 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 328,687 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 20,700 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 16 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 19,610 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 41,221 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 5,890 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 722.9% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 51,500 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Rwanda Page 68 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 250 Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF STEAM 21 years) ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI 200 * LEAKAGE No cost data was available for the listed categories DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - - 150 TYPHA VAL BRT - 1 JATROPHA FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - REFINERY CCGT COGEN CMM - - 100 FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - JATROPHA - - WOOD INDUSTRIES AGRI RESIDUES REFINERY - - COGEN SCM CCGT - - HYDRO FOREST RESID - - 50 FLARING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - CHARCOAL COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - CEMENT FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 0 - CEMENT 4 0 - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 AGRI RESIDUES 27 5 COGEN 28 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 220 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 1,600,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT AGRI RESIDUES Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF 1,400,000 STEAM ($/MW) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 1,200,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - COGEN expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 3 BRT STEAM - - 1,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - 800,000 CMM LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - CCGT 600,000 FLARING LANDFILLS - - CMM - - FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - WOOD INDUSTRIES CCGT - - 400,000 REFINERY FLARING - - LIGHTING FOREST RESID - - COGEN SCM WOOD INDUSTRIES - - 200,000 JATROPHA REFINERY - - HYDRO COGEN SCM - - JATROPHA - - - HYDRO - - - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 LIGHTING 312,500 7 COGEN 1,000,000 22 Additional power in MW AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 95 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Rwanda Page 69 Country Data for Rwanda Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 2 - 2 - - - - - - 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 78,260 - 483,804 - - - - - - 12,156 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 10.0% 0.0% 62.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 782,605 - 4,838,043 - - - - - - 121,561 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 7,826,045 - 48,380,427 - - - - - - 1,215,614 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 3,913,023 - 24,190,213 - - - - - - 607,807 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 193 - 746 - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 2 - 7 - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 22 - 95 - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 77.2% 0.0% 331.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 22 - 133 - - - - - - 1 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 1 1 - - - 4 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 674 39,748 934 62 98 - 41,140 - 48,420 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.1% 5.1% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.3% 0.0% 6.2% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 6,742 397,475 9,343 618 979 - 411,400 - 1,016,821 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 67,424 3,974,751 93,431 6,178 9,788 - 4,114,000 - 10,168,213 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 33,712 1,987,376 46,715 3,089 4,894 - 2,057,000 - 5,084,107 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 22 - 10 6 3 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 160 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 3 - 7 1 0 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 Additional power as a percent of the country power 9.6% 0.0% 23.0% 2.7% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 2 - - - 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 13 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 705,297 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 779,083 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 90.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 7,585,587 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 75,855,871 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 37,927,936 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 980 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 113 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 9 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 160 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 121 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 29 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 445.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 158 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Senegal Page 70 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 45 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN SCM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) No cost data was available for the listed categories 40 STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN MOTOR EEI TYPHA VAL AGRI RESIDUES * 35 LEAKAGE DISTRIB EFF IMP - 2 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 LIGHTING FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 30 CMM MOTOR EEI - 0 FOREST RESID CCGT LEAKAGE - - BRT - 4 25 WOOD INDUSTRIES REFINERY FUEL SWITCH - - HYDRO CMM - - 20 FOREST RESID - - FLARING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - JATROPHA HYDRO - - 15 FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 3 LANDFILLS 1 3 10 CEMENT 4 3 CEMENT JATROPHA 15 38 5 REFINERY 19 1 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL CCGT 20 2 LIGHTING 27 1 - TYPHA VAL 27 31 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 AGRI RESIDUES 28 12 COGEN 28 1 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN SCM 41 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF STEAM JATROPHA No cost data and/or no power generation from projects ($/MW) 2,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD COGEN SCM MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL AGRI RESIDUES REFINERY CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW LEAKAGE TYPHA VAL DISTRIB EFF IMP - 34 BRT STEAM - - 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 5 MOTOR EEI - 3 CHARCOAL - - CCGT LEAKAGE - - LANDFILLS BRT - - COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 CMM - - CMM FLARING - - FLARING FOREST RESID - - FOREST RESID WOOD INDUSTRIES - - WOOD INDUSTRIES HYDRO - - 500,000 HYDRO LIGHTING 312,500 110 LIGHTING COGEN 1,000,000 42 LANDFILLS 1,154,813 3 CCGT 1,200,000 30 TYPHA VAL 1,400,000 593 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 240 - 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 REFINERY 1,400,000 12 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 5 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 283 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Senegal Page 71 Country Data for Senegal Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 2 4 1 5 - - 40 - 1 6 2 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 185,294 147,276 17,850 1,219,623 - - 3,102,880 - 295,582 1,802,152 343,543 88,943 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 3.4% 2.7% 0.3% 22.2% 0.0% 0.0% 56.5% 0.0% 5.4% 32.8% 6.3% 1.6% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 1,852,940 1,472,761 178,500 12,196,227 - - 31,028,800 - 2,955,823 37,845,190 3,435,432 889,433 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 18,529,403 14,727,613 1,785,000 121,962,274 - - 310,288,000 - 29,558,234 378,451,899 34,354,320 8,894,327 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 9,264,701 7,363,806 892,500 60,981,137 - - 155,144,000 - 14,779,117 189,225,950 17,177,160 4,447,164 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 243 365 26 1,896 - - 4,675 - 16 2,230 - 105 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 1 - - 3 - 0 2 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 30 42 5 240 - - 593 - 3 283 - 12 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 6.4% 8.8% 1.0% 50.5% 0.0% 0.0% 124.5% 0.0% 0.6% 59.4% 0.0% 2.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 37 42 7 337 - - 830 - 4 549 15 17 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 2 1 1 1 - 26 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 214,378 52,141 129,006 9,851 20,443 - 285,197 - 185,973 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 3.9% 0.9% 2.3% 0.2% 0.4% 0.0% 5.2% 0.0% 3.4% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 2,143,781 521,410 1,290,060 98,511 204,432 - 2,851,970 - 3,905,429 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 21,437,809 5,214,101 12,900,596 985,115 2,044,325 - 28,519,700 - 39,054,289 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 10,718,904 2,607,050 6,450,298 492,557 1,022,162 - 14,259,850 - 19,527,144 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 266 - 160 37 25 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 1,387 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 1,290 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 34 - 110 5 3 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 476 Additional power as a percent of the country power 7.1% 0.0% 23.0% 1.0% 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 34 - - - 3 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 55 PoA number ALL SE 40 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 8,100,133 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 5,492,786 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 147.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 102,870,700 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,028,707,004 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 514,353,502 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 10,045 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 1,387 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 7 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,290 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 1,250 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 476 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 285.4% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 1,874 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Seychelles Page 72 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 120 Series left of this axis have no cost data JATROPHA Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 100 MOTOR EEI LEAKAGE * No cost data was available for the listed categories DISTRIB EFF IMP - - BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 80 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 CMM LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - - CEMENT FUEL SWITCH - - 60 REFINERY LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - AGRI RESIDUES TYPHA VAL - - COGEN FOREST RESID CEMENT - - 40 REFINERY - - WOOD INDUSTRIES COGEN SCM LIGHTING CCGT - - HYDRO AGRI RESIDUES - - 20 FLARING FOREST RESID - - WOOD INDUSTRIES - - COGEN SCM - - CHARCOAL HYDRO - - FLARING - - - CHARCOAL 1 0 - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 JATROPHA 15 5 COGEN 28 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 110 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF JATROPHA STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL LEAKAGE CEMENT - - expressed in USD per MW No cost data and/or no power generation from projects BRT DISTRIB EFF IMP - - STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 1,500,000 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 1 CMM COGEN CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - CCGT BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - AGRI RESIDUES CMM - - FLARING TYPHA VAL - - FOREST RESID CCGT - - WOOD INDUSTRIES FLARING - - 500,000 REFINERY AGRI RESIDUES - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES - - LIGHTING REFINERY - - COGEN SCM - - - HYDRO - - - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 LIGHTING 312,500 7 COGEN 1,000,000 16 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 36 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Seychelles Page 73 Country Data for Seychelles Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 57,752 - - - - - - - 229,166 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 6.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 24.9% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 577,522 - - - - - - - 4,812,487 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 5,775,217 - - - - - - - 48,124,869 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 2,887,609 - - - - - - - 24,062,434 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 143 - - - - - - - 284 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 16 - - - - - - - 36 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 54.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 119.9% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 16 - - - - - - - 70 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - - 1 - - - 2 - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year - - 1,957 7,328 1,155 - 24,610 - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.8% 0.1% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) - - 19,569 73,276 11,548 - 246,095 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) - - 195,695 732,759 115,480 - 2,460,955 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) - - 97,847 366,380 57,740 - 1,230,477 - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh - - 8 9 4 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation - - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW - - 7 1 1 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 Additional power as a percent of the country power 0.0% 0.0% 23.0% 3.8% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 2 - - - 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 5 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 321,967 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 922,077 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 34.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 5,740,497 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 57,404,974 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 28,702,487 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 447 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 240 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 2 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 220 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 54 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 30 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 202.9% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 89 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Sierra Leone Page 74 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 40 Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects AGRI RESIDUES DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM COGEN 35 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD FOREST RESID No cost data was available for the listed categories WOOD INDUSTRIES MOTOR EEI * REFINERY DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 30 LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 25 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM JATROPHA BRT - 1 FUEL SWITCH - - 20 TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - COGEN SCM TYPHA VAL - - 15 CCGT - - HYDRO COGEN SCM - - 10 FLARING HYDRO - - FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 1 CEMENT CEMENT 4 0 5 JATROPHA 15 14 CHARCOAL REFINERY 26 0 FOREST RESID 28 7 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 0 - 5 10 15 20 25 30 COGEN 28 0 AGRI RESIDUES 30 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 35 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT JATROPHA Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD REFINERY ($/MW) 2,000,000 No cost data and/or no power generation from projects MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL WOOD INDUSTRIES CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW FOREST RESID DISTRIB EFF IMP - 6 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH 1,500,000 AGRI RESIDUES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 MOTOR EEI - 1 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - CMM LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - TYPHA VAL CMM - - CCGT TYPHA VAL - - FLARING CCGT - - COGEN SCM FLARING - - 500,000 HYDRO COGEN SCM - - LIGHTING HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 28 COGEN 1,000,000 7 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 23 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 143 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 9 REFINERY 1,400,000 4 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 103 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Sierra Leone Page 75 Country Data for Sierra Leone Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - 1 1 1 - - - 2 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 24,619 - 106,825 719,058 46,688 - - - 657,883 17,970 23,887 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 2.1% 0.0% 9.1% 61.0% 4.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 55.8% 1.5% 2.0% Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 246,193 - 1,068,247 7,190,583 466,877 - - - 13,815,549 179,700 238,868 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 2,461,931 - 10,682,473 71,905,828 4,668,765 - - - 138,155,487 1,796,995 2,388,682 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 1,230,965 - 5,341,237 35,952,914 2,334,383 - - - 69,077,744 898,498 1,194,341 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 61 - 179 1,131 73 - - - 814 - 39 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 - 1 4 0 - - - 3 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 7 - 23 143 9 - - - 103 - 4 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 5.8% 0.0% 18.9% 119.5% 7.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 86.1% 0.0% 3.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 7 - 32 201 13 - - - 201 1 6 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - - 1 - - - 13 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 40,335 12,504 24,462 5,523 1,260 - 145,779 - 65,306 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 3.4% 1.1% 2.1% 0.5% 0.1% 0.0% 12.4% 0.0% 5.5% 0.0% 0.0% Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 403,354 125,038 244,618 55,228 12,598 - 1,457,787 - 1,371,435 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 4,033,536 1,250,384 2,446,184 552,284 125,978 - 14,577,868 - 13,714,353 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 2,016,768 625,192 1,223,092 276,142 62,989 - 7,288,934 - 6,857,176 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 50 - 30 7 5 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 6 - 28 1 1 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.3% 0.0% 23.0% 0.7% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 9 - - - 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 22 PoA number ALL SE 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 1,892,099 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 1,178,683 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 160.5% Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 26,876,075 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 268,760,749 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 134,380,374 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 2,389 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 260 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 9 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 240 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 298 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 120 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 271.3% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 470 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Somalia Page 76 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING 40 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF COGEN 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 35 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD WOOD INDUSTRIES MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID No cost data was available for the listed categories LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 30 REFINERY BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 25 LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 20 CEMENT JATROPHA LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - AGRI RESIDUES TYPHA VAL - - 15 CEMENT - - COGEN SCM CCGT - - 10 HYDRO AGRI RESIDUES - - COGEN SCM - - FLARING HYDRO - - 5 CHARCOAL FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 3 JATROPHA 15 236 REFINERY 26 0 - FOREST RESID 28 14 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 0 COGEN 28 0 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 35 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF JATROPHA to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 No cost data and/or no power generation from projects MOTOR EEI CEMENT - - CHARCOAL expressed in USD per MW FOREST RESID DISTRIB EFF IMP - 7 LEAKAGE WOOD INDUSTRIES STEAM - - BRT REFINERY EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1 1,500,000 MOTOR EEI - 1 CHARCOAL - - FUEL SWITCH LEAKAGE - - LANDFILLS BRT - - CMM FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - FLARING TYPHA VAL - - AGRI RESIDUES CCGT - - FLARING - - 500,000 COGEN SCM HYDRO AGRI RESIDUES - - COGEN SCM - - COGEN HYDRO - - LIGHTING LIGHTING 312,500 18 COGEN 1,000,000 4 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 274 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 8 REFINERY 1,400,000 4 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,761 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Somalia Page 77 Country Data for Somalia Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 1 - - 1 1 - - - 35 - 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 13,002 - - 1,375,929 41,416 - - - 11,216,166 - 23,887 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 1.7% 0.0% 0.0% 182.9% 5.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1491.3% 0.0% 3.2% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 130,023 - - 13,759,291 414,165 - - - 235,539,480 - 238,868 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 1,300,229 - - 137,592,914 4,141,647 - - - 2,355,394,805 - 2,388,682 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 650,115 - - 68,796,457 2,070,823 - - - 1,177,697,402 - 1,194,341 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 32 - - 2,164 65 - - - 13,882 - 39 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 - - 8 0 - - - 51 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 4 - - 274 8 - - - 1,761 - 4 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 4.6% 0.0% 0.0% 343.1% 10.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2200.9% 0.0% 5.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 4 - - 384 12 - - - 3,419 - 6 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - - 1 - - - 28 - - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 41,887 6,604 16,308 7,027 1,312 - 302,077 - - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 5.6% 0.9% 2.2% 0.9% 0.2% 0.0% 40.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 418,867 66,037 163,079 70,270 13,123 - 3,020,775 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 4,188,672 660,370 1,630,790 702,701 131,227 - 30,207,747 - - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 2,094,336 330,185 815,395 351,351 65,613 - 15,103,874 - - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 52 - 20 9 5 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 7 - 18 1 1 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 Additional power as a percent of the country power 8.2% 0.0% 23.0% 1.4% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 6 - - - 3 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 67 PoA number ALL SE 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 13,045,616 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 752,126 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 1734.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 253,833,978 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,538,339,784 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,269,169,892 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 16,267 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 270 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 60 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 250 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,060 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 80 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 2597.9% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,833 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for South Africa Page 78 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 70 Series left of this axis have no cost data FLARING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects No cost data was available for the listed categories DSTRIB EFF 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM COGEN SCM 60 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD LIGHTING * MOTOR EEI DISTRIB EFF IMP - 129 LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 297 50 WOOD INDUSTRIES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 66 BRT AGRI RESIDUES MOTOR EEI - 11 FUEL SWITCH FOREST RESID LEAKAGE - 0 LANDFILLS REFINERY 40 BRT - 96 TYPHA VAL COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - HYDRO CCGT TYPHA VAL - - 30 HYDRO - - CHARCOAL 1 18 CEMENT 4 9 20 JATROPHA CMM 5 15 JATROPHA 15 458 CCGT 20 61 10 CMM COGEN 23 585 REFINERY 26 11 CEMENT AGRI RESIDUES 27 355 CHARCOAL FOREST RESID 28 43 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 59 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 LIGHTING 29 100 COGEN SCM 41 9 GHG reduction in million tons FLARING 59 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 JATROPHA factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects COGEN SCM to the project DSTRIB EFF No cost data and/or no power generation from projects STEAM FOREST RESID AGRI RESIDUES ($/MW) 2,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI REFINERY WOOD INDUSTRIES CEMENT - - CHARCOAL FLARING expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 2,015 LEAKAGE CCGT STEAM - - BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 1,028 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH CMM MOTOR EEI - 517 LANDFILLS COGEN CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - BRT - - HYDRO FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING LIGHTING 312,500 9,327 COGEN 1,000,000 13,607 500,000 CMM 1,200,000 67 CCGT 1,200,000 997 FLARING 1,200,000 49 REFINERY 1,400,000 209 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 6,836 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 1,177 - 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 865 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 243 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 3,426 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for South Africa Page 79 Country Data for South Africa Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 10 195 16 137 202 118 - 1 - 69 4 4 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 6,063,628 58,546,590 897,247 35,496,256 4,336,336 5,902,936 - 100,784 - 21,825,346 938,983 1,120,292 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 1.4% 13.8% 0.2% 8.4% 1.0% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.1% 0.2% 0.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 60,636,282 585,465,900 8,972,466 354,962,557 43,363,364 59,029,357 - 1,007,838 - 458,332,275 9,389,828 11,202,918 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 606,362,819 5,854,658,996 89,724,663 3,549,625,566 433,633,644 590,293,570 - 10,078,380 - 4,583,322,751 93,898,284 112,029,181 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 303,181,409 2,927,329,498 44,862,332 1,774,812,783 216,816,822 295,146,785 - 5,039,190 - 2,291,661,376 46,949,142 56,014,591 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 7,962 119,199 1,282 53,895 6,820 9,283 - 388 - 27,012 - 1,831 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 1 0 0 0 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 997 13,607 243 6,836 865 1,177 - 49 - 3,426 - 209 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 2.5% 33.6% 0.6% 16.9% 2.1% 2.9% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 8.5% 0.0% 0.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 1,196 13,607 364 9,570 1,211 1,648 - 59 - 6,653 41 293 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 74 10 11 9 5 163 1 8 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 12,941,171 29,735,086 10,013,911 6,599,737 1,095,195 1,524,536 1,762,119 635 4,571,451 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 3.1% 7.0% 2.4% 1.6% 0.3% 0.4% 0.4% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 129,411,712 297,350,855 100,139,114 65,997,373 10,951,950 15,245,357 17,621,186 6,352 96,000,470 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 1,294,117,120 2,973,508,554 1,001,391,137 659,973,735 109,519,500 152,453,568 176,211,859 63,518 960,004,697 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 647,058,560 1,486,754,277 500,695,568 329,986,867 54,759,750 76,226,784 88,105,929 31,759 480,002,348 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 15,890 - 10,213 8,104 4,075 499 - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 227,000 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 207,000 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 2,015 - 9,327 1,028 517 67 - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 40,480 Additional power as a percent of the country power 5.0% 0.0% 23.0% 2.5% 1.3% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 2,915 - - 80 17 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 834 PoA number ALL SE 202 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 203,472,238 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 423,809,847 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 48.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 2,325,087,154 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 23,250,871,542 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 11,625,435,771 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 266,452 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 227,000 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 1 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 207,000 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 31,037 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 40,480 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 99.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 37,655 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Sudan Page 80 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 70 Series left of this axis have no cost data Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF FLARING 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 60 MOTOR EEI No cost data was available for the listed categories LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - - BRT FUEL SWITCH COGEN SCM expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - - 50 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - - CMM AGRI RESIDUES LEAKAGE - 0 TYPHA VAL 40 COGEN BRT - - JATROPHA FUEL SWITCH - - FOREST RESID LANDFILLS - - WOOD INDUSTRIES CMM - - 30 CCGT LIGHTING TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY JATROPHA - - HYDRO FOREST RESID - - 20 WOOD INDUSTRIES - - LIGHTING - - HYDRO - - CEMENT 10 CHARCOAL CHARCOAL 1 39 CEMENT 4 0 REFINERY 19 4 CCGT 20 6 - COGEN 28 8 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 AGRI RESIDUES 30 7 COGEN SCM 41 2 GHG reduction in million tons FLARING 59 53 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due REFINERY implementation (load 1,600,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN SCM factor = 90%) MW AGRI RESIDUES Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project 1,400,000 STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD FLARING ($/MW) MOTOR EEI CCGT 1,200,000 No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - CHARCOAL expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - - LEAKAGE STEAM - - 1,000,000 COGEN EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - - BRT FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - - CHARCOAL - - 800,000 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 600,000 LIGHTING LANDFILLS - - CMM - - FOREST RESID TYPHA VAL - - WOOD INDUSTRIES LIGHTING - - 400,000 JATROPHA FOREST RESID - - HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES - - JATROPHA - - 200,000 HYDRO - - COGEN 1,000,000 217 CCGT 1,200,000 95 - FLARING 1,200,000 2,582 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 144 REFINERY 1,400,000 54 Additional power in MW COGEN SCM 1,500,000 46 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Sudan Page 81 Country Data for Sudan Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 7 10 1 3 - - - 3 - - 1 3 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 578,984 770,677 169,400 660,570 - - - 5,285,102 - - 33,826 401,892 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 5.4% 7.1% 1.6% 6.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 49.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 3.7% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 5,789,844 7,706,768 1,694,000 6,605,704 - - - 52,851,025 - - 338,258 4,018,918 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 57,898,444 77,067,681 16,940,000 66,057,043 - - - 528,510,247 - - 3,382,579 40,189,183 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 28,949,222 38,533,841 8,470,000 33,028,521 - - - 264,255,124 - - 1,691,290 20,094,591 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 760 1,904 242 1,132 - - - 20,355 - - - 476 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 0 - - - 5 - - - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 95 217 46 144 - - - 2,582 - - - 54 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 12.5% 28.6% 6.0% 18.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 339.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 7.2% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 114 217 69 201 - - - 3,098 - - 1 76 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - - - - - - 360 1 - - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year - - - - - - 3,904,464 584 - - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 36.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) - - - - - - 39,044,643 5,844 - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) - - - - - - 390,446,430 58,437 - - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) - - - - - - 195,223,215 29,218 - - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation - - - - - - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW - - - - - - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 Additional power as a percent of the country power 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - - - - - 38 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 389 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 11,805,500 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 10,790,148 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 109.4% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 118,055,004 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,180,550,043 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 590,275,022 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 24,870 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 3,900 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 6 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 84 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 3,138 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 760 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 412.9% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,815 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Swaziland Page 82 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 45 Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN SCM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF LIGHTING 21 years) ($/tCO2) 40 STEAM No cost data was available for the listed categories EEI IN HOUSEHOLD FOREST RESID MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 35 AGRI RESIDUES LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 30 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 COGEN LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - BRT - 1 25 TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - CEMENT LANDFILLS - - REFINERY 20 TYPHA VAL - - CCGT JATROPHA CEMENT - - WOOD INDUSTRIES REFINERY - - 15 CCGT - - HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES - - HYDRO - - 10 FLARING CMM FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 0 5 CMM 5 1 CHARCOAL JATROPHA 15 3 COGEN 24 2 - AGRI RESIDUES 27 2 - 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 FOREST RESID 28 1 LIGHTING 30 0 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN SCM 41 2 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 factor = 90%) MW CEMENT JATROPHA Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM COGEN SCM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI FOREST RESID No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CHARCOAL CEMENT - - LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 11 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 6 1,500,000 CMM LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 3 TYPHA VAL CHARCOAL - - COGEN LEAKAGE - - CCGT BRT - - FLARING FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - WOOD INDUSTRIES TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY CCGT - - HYDRO FLARING - - 500,000 LIGHTING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - REFINERY - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 30 COGEN 1,000,000 42 CMM 1,200,000 3 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 34 - 50 100 150 200 250 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 23 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 54 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 25 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Swaziland Page 83 Country Data for Swaziland Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 4 3 1 1 - - - - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 173,924 198,450 177,425 115,788 - - - - 158,022 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 15.2% 17.4% 15.5% 10.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.8% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 1,739,241 1,984,500 1,774,253 1,157,883 - - - - 3,318,471 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 17,392,409 19,845,000 17,742,527 11,578,829 - - - - 33,184,709 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 8,696,205 9,922,500 8,871,263 5,789,414 - - - - 16,592,354 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 368 284 269 182 - - - - 196 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 1 1 1 0 - - - - 0 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 42 54 34 23 - - - - 25 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 32.3% 41.3% 26.3% 17.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 19.1% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 42 81 48 32 - - - - 48 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 2 1 1 - 1 4 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 47,074 88,334 30,918 26,013 7,104 69,150 40,953 - 27,988 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 4.1% 7.7% 2.7% 2.3% 0.6% 6.0% 3.6% 0.0% 2.4% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 470,739 883,339 309,184 260,126 71,041 691,498 409,533 - 587,758 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 4,707,387 8,833,388 3,091,839 2,601,258 710,405 6,914,983 4,095,329 - 5,877,580 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 2,353,694 4,416,694 1,545,919 1,300,629 355,203 3,457,491 2,047,664 - 2,938,790 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 88 - 33 49 23 23 - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 1,160 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 11 - 30 6 3 3 - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 Additional power as a percent of the country power 8.6% 0.0% 23.0% 4.8% 2.2% 2.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 9 - - 4 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 18 PoA number ALL SE 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 1,161,144 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 1,143,630 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 101.5% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 13,657,564 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 136,575,643 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 68,287,821 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 1,514 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 460 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 3 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,160 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 201 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 130 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 177.8% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 264 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Tanzania Page 84 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 250 Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF No cost data was available for the listed categories 21 years) ($/tCO2) STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 200 MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - 150 TYPHA VAL BRT - 3 FUEL SWITCH - - HYDRO COGEN SCM LANDFILLS - - FLARING TYPHA VAL - - AGRI RESIDUES FOREST RESID 100 CHARCOAL HYDRO - - REFINERY FLARING - - CEMENT WOOD INDUSTRIES CHARCOAL 1 10 CMM CCGT COGEN CEMENT 4 1 CMM 5 0 50 JATROPHA JATROPHA 15 171 CCGT 20 6 REFINERY 26 0 AGRI RESIDUES 27 96 COGEN 28 3 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 8 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 FOREST RESID 28 31 COGEN SCM 41 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 229 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data JATROPHA factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost COGEN SCM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM REFINERY No cost data and/or no power generation from projects EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI WOOD INDUSTRIES CHARCOAL FOREST RESID CEMENT - - LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 77 BRT STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 13 1,500,000 MOTOR EEI - 7 CMM CHARCOAL - - CCGT LEAKAGE - - COGEN BRT - - FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - LANDFILLS TYPHA VAL - - TYPHA VAL FLARING - - FLARING HYDRO - - HYDRO LIGHTING 312,500 198 500,000 LIGHTING COGEN 1,000,000 72 CMM 1,200,000 1 CCGT 1,200,000 93 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 1,872 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 618 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 162 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 REFINERY 1,400,000 7 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 27 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,278 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Tanzania Page 85 Country Data for Tanzania Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 6 3 5 37 4 16 - - - 26 3 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 564,197 259,831 100,800 9,629,279 3,098,833 813,836 - - - 8,138,931 125,367 35,830 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 14.2% 6.5% 2.5% 242.7% 78.1% 20.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 205.1% 3.2% 0.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 5,641,966 2,598,305 1,008,000 96,292,793 30,988,328 8,138,365 - - - 170,917,550 1,253,668 358,302 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 56,419,655 25,983,052 10,080,000 962,927,933 309,883,284 81,383,650 - - - 1,709,175,504 12,536,684 3,583,023 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 28,209,828 12,991,526 5,040,000 481,463,966 154,941,642 40,691,825 - - - 854,587,752 6,268,342 1,791,511 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 741 635 144 14,762 4,873 1,280 - - - 10,073 - 59 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 0 0 0 5 2 0 - - - 3 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 93 72 27 1,872 618 162 - - - 1,278 - 7 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 10.8% 8.4% 3.2% 217.7% 71.9% 18.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 148.6% 0.0% 0.8% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 111 72 41 2,621 865 227 - - - 2,481 5 9 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 4 1 - 1 1 88 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 24,133 131,965 27,054 4,231 15,711 14,951 957,142 - 158,601 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.6% 3.3% 0.7% 0.1% 0.4% 0.4% 24.1% 0.0% 4.0% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 241,325 1,319,647 270,543 42,306 157,110 149,513 9,571,422 - 3,330,629 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 2,413,252 13,196,469 2,705,428 423,060 1,571,098 1,495,131 95,714,224 - 33,306,285 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 1,206,626 6,598,235 1,352,714 211,530 785,549 747,566 47,857,112 - 16,653,143 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 605 - 217 106 58 5 - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 3,150 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 2,960 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 77 - 198 13 7 1 - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 860 Additional power as a percent of the country power 8.9% 0.0% 23.0% 1.6% 0.9% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 62 - - 1 9 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 194 PoA number ALL SE 4 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 24,100,692 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 3,968,026 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 607.4% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 332,279,773 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 3,322,797,733 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,661,398,867 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 33,558 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 3,150 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 11 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 2,960 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 4,228 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 860 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 514.7% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 6,506 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Togo Page 86 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) Sector Reduction over project life (10 Series left of this axis have no cost data Cost ($/tCO2) 30 COGEN or 21 years) DSTRIB EFF Investment AGRI RESIDUES STEAM Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy EEI IN HOUSEHOLD 25 MOTOR EEI Projects expressed in USD per tCO2 * No cost data was available for the listed categories DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE CCGT LIGHTING STEAM - 1 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 20 FUEL SWITCH MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS JATROPHA LEAKAGE - - BRT - 1 CMM FUEL SWITCH - 21 15 TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CEMENT CMM - - REFINERY TYPHA VAL - - FOREST RESID CEMENT - - 10 WOOD INDUSTRIES REFINERY - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - CHARCOAL HYDRO WOOD INDUSTRIES - - COGEN SCM - - 5 HYDRO - - FLARING FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 1 JATROPHA 15 11 - CCGT 20 2 - 10 20 30 40 50 60 LIGHTING 26 1 AGRI RESIDUES 27 14 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN 28 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD JATROPHA ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL No cost data and/or no power generation from projects CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 2 BRT AGRI RESIDUES STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 2 1,500,000 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 1 CMM CCGT CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - FLARING BRT - - COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - FOREST RESID CMM - - WOOD INDUSTRIES TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY FLARING - - COGEN SCM FOREST RESID - - 500,000 HYDRO LIGHTING WOOD INDUSTRIES - - REFINERY - - COGEN SCM - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 49 - COGEN 1,000,000 34 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 CCGT 1,200,000 34 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 269 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 82 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Togo Page 87 Country Data for Togo Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT 3 3 - 5 - - - - - 2 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT 207,862 122,251 - 1,386,998 - - - - - 521,613 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 8.7% 5.1% 0.0% 58.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 21.9% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT 2,078,619 1,222,508 - 13,869,984 - - - - - 10,953,867 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT 20,786,189 12,225,077 - 138,699,837 - - - - - 109,538,667 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT 10,393,094 6,112,538 - 69,349,919 - - - - - 54,769,334 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT 273 302 - 2,125 - - - - - 646 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT 3 3 - 22 - - - - - 7 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT 34 34 - 269 - - - - - 82 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 15.9% 16.1% 0.0% 125.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 38.1% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT 41 34 - 377 - - - - - 159 - - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number 1 2 1 1 - - 13 - 1 - 20 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 10,331 62,090 58,355 3,826 8,430 - 139,150 - 48,375 - 1,007,610 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.4% 2.6% 2.5% 0.2% 0.4% 0.0% 5.8% 0.0% 2.0% 0.0% 42.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 103,312 620,896 583,551 38,261 84,303 - 1,391,500 - 1,015,878 - 21,159,809 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 1,033,118 6,208,964 5,835,509 382,607 843,033 - 13,915,000 - 10,158,780 - 211,598,088 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 516,559 3,104,482 2,917,754 191,304 421,517 - 6,957,500 - 5,079,390 - 105,799,044 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 19 - 72 14 10 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 97 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 1 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 530 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 2 - 49 2 1 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 Additional power as a percent of the country power 1.1% 0.0% 23.0% 0.8% 0.6% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 15 - - - 1 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 52 PoA number ALL SE - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 3,576,891 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 2,380,646 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 150.2% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 53,122,487 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 531,224,869 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 265,612,435 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 3,461 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 97 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 36 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 530 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 426 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 215 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 221.2% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 629 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Uganda Page 88 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING 1,200 Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) EEI IN HOUSEHOLD No cost data was available for the listed categories 1,000 MOTOR EEI LEAKAGE * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 0 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 800 LANDFILLS MOTOR EEI - 0 LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - 2 TYPHA VAL FUEL SWITCH - - 600 REFINERY COGEN SCM LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - HYDRO AGRI RESIDUES FOREST RESID COGEN TYPHA VAL - - REFINERY - - 400 FLARING CCGT - - CHARCOAL WOOD INDUSTRIES HYDRO - - CEMENT FLARING - - CHARCOAL 1 9 200 JATROPHA CEMENT 4 1 JATROPHA 15 39 AGRI RESIDUES 27 45 FOREST RESID 28 51 - WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 12 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 COGEN 28 1 COGEN SCM 41 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 1,130 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data JATROPHA factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project COGEN SCM STEAM EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES No cost data and/or no power generation from projects MOTOR EEI CHARCOAL FOREST RESID AGRI RESIDUES CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 47 BRT STEAM - - EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 8 1,500,000 MOTOR EEI - 4 FUEL SWITCH CHARCOAL - - LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - CMM BRT - - 1,000,000 COGEN FUEL SWITCH - - TYPHA VAL LANDFILLS - - CCGT CMM - - TYPHA VAL - - FLARING CCGT - - REFINERY FLARING - - 500,000 HYDRO REFINERY - - HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 69 LIGHTING COGEN 1,000,000 24 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 888 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 1,023 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 238 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 16 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 288 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Uganda Page 89 Country Data for Uganda Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 2 3 18 2 24 - - - 6 2 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 86,108 57,904 4,539,738 5,127,209 1,195,430 - - - 1,834,486 53,381 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 5.3% 3.6% 281.0% 317.4% 74.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 113.6% 3.3% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 861,082 579,040 45,397,385 51,272,095 11,954,299 - - - 38,524,200 533,813 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 8,610,817 5,790,400 453,973,849 512,720,947 119,542,988 - - - 385,242,004 5,338,133 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 4,305,409 2,895,200 226,986,924 256,360,474 59,771,494 - - - 192,621,002 2,669,066 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 213 83 7,001 8,063 1,880 - - - 2,270 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 0 4 4 1 - - - 1 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 24 16 888 1,023 238 - - - 288 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 8.1% 5.2% 296.0% 340.9% 79.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 96.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 24 24 1,243 1,432 334 - - - 559 2 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 1 1 - - - 86 - 2 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 2,991 43,733 1,911 517 8,504 - 932,908 - 83,965 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.2% 2.7% 0.1% 0.0% 0.5% 0.0% 57.8% 0.0% 5.2% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 29,910 437,333 19,111 5,172 85,035 - 9,329,084 - 1,763,274 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 299,102 4,373,327 191,108 51,718 850,350 - 93,290,841 - 17,632,739 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 149,551 2,186,663 95,554 25,859 425,175 - 46,645,421 - 8,816,370 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 370 - 76 64 32 - - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 1,928 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 - - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 1,620 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 47 - 69 8 4 - - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power 15.7% 0.0% 23.0% 2.7% 1.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 22 - - - 9 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 144 PoA number ALL SE 2 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 13,968,787 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 1,615,333 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 864.8% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 160,790,832 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,607,908,324 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 803,954,162 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 20,052 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 1,928 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 10 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 1,620 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,536 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 300 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 868.5% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,649 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Zambia Page 90 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over 2,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF No cost data was available for the listed categories 21 years) STEAM ($/tCO2) 1,800 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD MOTOR EEI 1,600 * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 0 LEAKAGE BRT expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 1 1,400 FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 0 MOTOR EEI - 0 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - 1,200 TYPHA VAL COGEN SCM BRT - 2 CCGT FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES FLARING LANDFILLS - - TYPHA VAL - - FOREST RESID 800 AGRI RESIDUES CCGT - - FLARING - - HYDRO 0 87 600 COGEN CHARCOAL 1 11 HYDRO REFINERY CEMENT 4 1 400 CMM CMM 5 0 JATROPHA CEMENT JATROPHA 15 143 200 CHARCOAL REFINERY 26 1 COGEN 27 2 AGRI RESIDUES 27 35 - FOREST RESID 28 10 - 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 3 COGEN SCM 41 1 GHG reduction in million tons LIGHTING 1,757 0 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load Series left of this axis have no cost data 2,500,000 JATROPHA factor = 90%) MW CEMENT Investment Cost Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF to the project COGEN SCM STEAM No cost data and/or no power generation from projects WOOD INDUSTRIES EEI IN HOUSEHOLD ($/MW) 2,000,000 MOTOR EEI AGRI RESIDUES REFINERY CHARCOAL FOREST RESID CEMENT - - LEAKAGE expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 203 BRT CMM STEAM - - FUEL SWITCH EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 26 1,500,000 LANDFILLS COGEN MOTOR EEI - 14 CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - CCGT BRT - - FLARING FUEL SWITCH - - 1,000,000 LANDFILLS - - TYPHA VAL - - LIGHTING CCGT - - FLARING - - HYDRO 9,000 1,000 500,000 HYDRO LIGHTING 312,500 412 COGEN 1,000,000 55 CMM 1,200,000 2 FOREST RESID 1,400,000 209 REFINERY 1,400,000 11 - AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 667 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 63 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 27 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 1,068 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Zambia Page 91 Country Data for Zambia Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 3 1 13 9 6 - - - 21 1 1 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 203,281 98,280 3,453,616 1,047,689 314,012 - - - 6,804,058 50,739 57,328 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 8.3% 4.0% 141.2% 42.8% 12.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 278.2% 2.1% 2.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 2,032,805 982,800 34,536,162 10,476,889 3,140,121 - - - 142,885,220 507,387 573,284 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 20,328,055 9,828,000 345,361,619 104,768,886 31,401,213 - - - 1,428,852,195 5,073,869 5,732,837 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 10,164,027 4,914,000 172,680,809 52,384,443 15,700,607 - - - 714,426,098 2,536,934 2,866,418 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 480 140 5,258 1,648 494 - - - 8,421 - 94 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 0 1 0 0 - - - 1 - 0 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 55 27 667 209 63 - - - 1,068 - 11 Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 3.1% 1.5% 37.3% 11.7% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 59.7% 0.0% 0.6% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 55 40 934 293 88 - - - 2,074 2 15 Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 3 1 - 1 1 102 - 3 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 8,333 103,244 7,335 1,051 31,649 37,378 1,101,042 - 111,954 4,152,542 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 0.3% 4.2% 0.3% 0.0% 1.3% 1.5% 45.0% 0.0% 4.6% 169.8% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 83,330 1,032,437 73,352 10,512 316,495 373,783 11,010,423 - 2,351,032 87,203,390 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 833,297 10,324,366 733,520 105,118 3,164,947 3,737,829 110,104,233 - 23,510,319 872,033,898 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 416,649 5,162,183 366,760 52,559 1,582,473 1,868,914 55,052,116 - 11,755,160 436,016,949 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 1,603 - 452 202 113 12 - - - 5,932 - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 8,350 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - 1 - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 5,760 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 203 - 412 26 14 2 - - - 1,000 - Countries' installed power in MW 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 1,790 Additional power as a percent of the country power 11.4% 0.0% 23.0% 1.4% 0.8% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 55.9% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 129 - - 2 11 - - 9 - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 159 PoA number ALL SE 9 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 17,583,532 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 2,445,731 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 718.9% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 297,589,420 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 2,975,894,199 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,487,947,100 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 24,849 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 8,350 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 3 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 5,760 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 3,344 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 1,790 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 209.8% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 3,650 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Consolidated Results for Zimbabwe Page 92 Potential for Emission Reductions (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per tCO2) project life (10 or Sector Investment Cost Reduction over Series left of this axis have no cost data COGEN SCM 45 LIGHTING Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects DSTRIB EFF 21 years) WOOD INDUSTRIES ($/tCO2) STEAM 40 No cost data was available for the listed categories EEI IN HOUSEHOLD FOREST RESID MOTOR EEI * DISTRIB EFF IMP - 7 35 LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES expressed in USD per tCO2 STEAM - 6 BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 2 30 FUEL SWITCH COGEN MOTOR EEI - 1 LANDFILLS LEAKAGE - - TYPHA VAL BRT - 4 25 FUEL SWITCH - - REFINERY LANDFILLS - - CCGT JATROPHA 20 TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO REFINERY - - FLARING CCGT - - 15 HYDRO - - FLARING - - CMM CHARCOAL 1 0 10 CEMENT 4 0 CMM 5 6 5 CEMENT JATROPHA 15 75 CHARCOAL COGEN 24 11 AGRI RESIDUES 27 27 - FOREST RESID 28 12 - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 WOOD INDUSTRIES 28 3 LIGHTING 30 5 GHG reduction in million tons COGEN SCM 41 1 Potential for Additional Generation Capacity (Ranked by Investment Cost for Corresponding Clean Energy Projects expressed in USD per MW) Sector Additional power due implementation (load 2,500,000 Series left of this axis have no cost data factor = 90%) MW Investment Cost CEMENT JATROPHA Investment Cost for corresponding Clean Energy Projects to the project DSTRIB EFF STEAM COGEN SCM ($/MW) 2,000,000 EEI IN HOUSEHOLD No cost data and/or no power generation from projects WOOD INDUSTRIES MOTOR EEI CEMENT - - CHARCOAL FOREST RESID expressed in USD per MW DISTRIB EFF IMP - 216 LEAKAGE AGRI RESIDUES STEAM - - BRT EEI IN HOUSEHOLD - 59 1,500,000 FUEL SWITCH CMM MOTOR EEI - 29 LANDFILLS CHARCOAL - - TYPHA VAL LEAKAGE - - CCGT COGEN BRT - - 1,000,000 FLARING FUEL SWITCH - - LANDFILLS - - REFINERY TYPHA VAL - - HYDRO CCGT - - LIGHTING FLARING - - REFINERY - - 500,000 HYDRO - - LIGHTING 312,500 452 COGEN 1,000,000 274 CMM 1,200,000 28 AGRI RESIDUES 1,400,000 516 - FOREST RESID 1,400,000 236 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 WOOD INDUSTRIES 1,400,000 69 COGEN SCM 1,500,000 39 Additional power in MW JATROPHA 1,941,771 558 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Lifetime considered for corresponding CDM project activities is the most probable crediting period as defined by the CDM, e.g. one single 10 years crediting period or 7 years renewed three times, depending of the type of project considered. Consolidated Results for Zimbabwe Page 93 Country Data for Zimbabwe Efficiency Biomass from Methane emission improvements in Biomass from residual waste Typha valorization reduction from oil Emission Emission Fossil-fuel based sugar mill agricultural Biomass from forest from wood for power production facilities Landfill gas reductions in reductions in Combined Cycle cogeneration cogeneration residues residues industries generation (Flaring) capture to energy Biofuel from jatropha cement plants refineries Projects number CCGT - 14 2 10 10 7 - - - 11 1 - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year CCGT - 1,147,852 145,089 2,677,503 1,184,944 345,170 - - - 3,551,844 42,282 - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions CCGT 0.0% 9.7% 1.2% 22.7% 10.1% 2.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 30.1% 0.4% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) CCGT - 11,478,517 1,450,890 26,775,027 11,849,435 3,451,701 - - - 74,588,724 422,822 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 114,785,165 14,508,900 267,750,270 118,494,351 34,517,006 - - - 745,887,239 4,228,224 - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) CCGT - 57,392,583 7,254,450 133,875,135 59,247,176 17,258,503 - - - 372,943,619 2,114,112 - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh CCGT - 2,399 207 4,068 1,864 543 - - - 4,396 - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) CCGT 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation CCGT - 0 0 0 0 0 - - - 0 - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) CCGT 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW CCGT - 274 39 516 236 69 - - - 558 - - Countries' installed power in MW CCGT 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 Additional power as a percent of the country power CCGT 0.0% 14.0% 2.0% 26.3% 12.1% 3.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 28.4% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ CCGT - 274 59 722 331 96 - - - 1,083 2 - Energy efficiency Efficiency Energy efficiency improvements in Efficiency improvements in Efficiency CFL for energy improvements in industrial improvements in Efficiency electricity improvement in efficiency in household equipments Coal mine charcoal Methane leakage improvements in Hydroelectricity distribution steam systems lighting appliances (motors) methane production reduction transport (BRT) projects Fuel switch Projects number - 15 1 2 1 3 2 - 1 - - Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year 682,183 582,980 472,337 185,287 71,735 635,431 18,974 - 186,590 - - Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions 5.8% 4.9% 4.0% 1.6% 0.6% 5.4% 0.2% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) 6,821,826 5,829,796 4,723,370 1,852,866 717,346 6,354,309 189,738 - 3,918,387 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) 68,218,257 58,297,959 47,233,704 18,528,657 7,173,459 63,543,086 1,897,377 - 39,183,865 - - Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) 34,109,129 29,148,980 23,616,852 9,264,329 3,586,729 31,771,543 948,689 - 19,591,933 - - Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh 1,705 - 494 463 228 208 - - - - - Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 8,880 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation 0 - 0 0 0 0 - - - - - Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 11,560 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW 216 - 452 59 29 28 - - - - - Countries' installed power in MW 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 1,960 Additional power as a percent of the country power 11.0% 0.0% 23.0% 3.0% 1.5% 1.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Total cost of the project in million US$ - - 141 - - 34 0 - - - - All sectors/technologi es aggregated Projects number ALL SE 70 PoA number ALL SE 10 Annual emission reduction in tCO2 per year ALL SE 11,930,198 Country GHG emissions in 2005 ALL SE 11,781,942 Emissions reduction in percent of the country emissions ALL SE 101.3% * Reduction over project life (10 or 21 years) ALL SE 160,424,752 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 10 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 1,604,247,519 Value of the emission reduction in dollars (base 05 US$/tCO2) ALL SE 802,123,760 Annual electricity generation of the project in GWh ALL SE 16,574 Annual electricity generation of the country in GWh (base 2003) ALL SE 8,880 Project electricity generation as a percent of the country electricity generation ALL SE 2 Annual electricity consumption of the country (base 2003) ALL SE 11,560 Additional power due to the project implementation (load factor = 90%) MW ALL SE 2,024 Countries' installed power in MW ALL SE 1,960 Additional power as a percent of the country power ALL SE 126.3% Total cost of the project in million US$ ALL SE 2,742 * A carbon crediting period of 10 years was used for all sectors with the exception of Jatropha, BRT, Hydro and Fuel Switch. For these the study assumed a crediting period of 21 years (3 x 7 years). This was done so as to reflect the difference in capital investment useful life accross sectors (up to 30 years for Hydro, etc.) Note Clean Energy projects simultaneously deliver power and generate emission reductions. Therefore, investment costs related to emission reductions cannot be isolated from investment costs related to power generation. As a consequence, unitary cost expressed in US$/tCO2 presented here are not marginal emissions abatement costs but investment costs corresponding to the associated clean energy projects divided by the volume of emission reductions generated by these projects during their lifetime as CDM projects activities generating certified emissions reductions (CERs). Errata: The following table contains corrected values for electricity generation of potential clean Page 94 energy projects expressed as a percent of the country electricity generation. Central African Angola Benin Bissau Guinea Botswana Burkina Burundi Cameroon Cap-Vert Chad Comores Congo Dem Congo Rep E. Guinea Ethiopia Republic Combined Cycle 257.5% 97.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.9% 0.0% 0.0% 423.8% 0.0% 0.0% 27.6% 146.2% 10.2% Fossil-fuel based cogeneration 58.4% 128.1% 158.7% 98.6% 77.4% 66.6% 12.2% 139.5% 70.8% 21.4% 88.3% 13.9% 46.6% 6867.3% 24.6% Efficiency improvements in sugar mill cogeneration 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.6% 0.0% 0.0% 17.5% 0.0% 1.5% 5.7% 0.0% 2.8% Biomass from agricultural residues 273.9% 1810.6% 396.7% 4.9% 804.1% 475.8% 110.7% 0.0% 592.5% 1764.1% 0.0% 164.8% 74.4% 63.3% 760.3% Biomass from forest residues 48.8% 0.0% 0.0% 16.5% 0.0% 0.0% 58.5% 0.0% 196.7% 1584.1% 0.0% 278.2% 135.9% 632.8% 855.8% Biomass from residual waste from wood industries 32.5% 0.0% 0.0% 6.6% 0.0% 0.0% 27.2% 0.0% 92.5% 489.8% 0.0% 40.1% 150.3% 886.1% 75.6% Typha valorization for power generation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Methane emission reduction from oil production facilities (Flaring) 3173.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 112.9% 0.0% 0.0% 9085.2% 0.0% 20.0% 3342.8% 61458.7% 0.0% Landfill gas capture to energy 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Biofuel from jatropha 738.2% 533.5% 746.6% 708.0% 1018.1% 0.0% 136.1% 0.0% 6810.0% 3173.3% 0.0% 493.8% 1101.4% 1138.9% 554.9% Emission reductions in cement plants 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Emission reductions in refineries 7.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 4.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 23.2% 0.0% 0.0% Efficiency improvements in electricity distribution 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% Efficiency improvement in steam systems 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% CFL for energy efficiency in lighting 8.8% 10.0% 14.5% 3.5% 16.4% 9.2% 5.8% 5.7% 12.3% 14.8% 14.4% 16.1% 31.2% 11.7% 7.6% Energy efficiency improvements in household appliances 3.0% 10.0% 2.2% 10.6% 3.3% 3.8% 3.5% 3.6% 2.6% 2.2% 2.4% 0.4% 3.3% 3.3% 3.2% Energy efficiency improvements in industrial equipments (motors) 1.8% 4.9% 1.8% 4.7% 2.4% 2.2% 1.8% 1.9% 1.8% 1.8% 1.9% 1.1% 3.3% 2.1% 1.8% Coal mine methane 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 5.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Efficiency improvements in charcoal production 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Methane leakage reduction 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Efficiency improvements in transport (BRT) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hydroelectricity projects 125.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 224.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 78.2% 151.2% 0.0% 0.0% Fuel switch 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% All sectors/technologies aggregated 4749.7% 2613.6% 1339.8% 878.5% 2164.8% 576.7% 505.7% 169.9% 7798.4% 16597.2% 126.2% 1128.5% 5116.2% 71229.6% 2316.0% Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Ivory Coast Kenya Liberia Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Niger Combined Cycle 6.6% 0.0% 18.9% 0.0% 42.3% 8.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 21.9% 0.0% 19.6% 0.8% 0.0% 52.3% Fossil-fuel based cogeneration 23.9% 0.0% 15.2% 32.1% 45.1% 17.6% 0.0% 41.0% 10.9% 0.2% 501.2% 14.1% 3.8% 33.7% 49.5% Efficiency improvements in sugar mill cogeneration 0.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.0% 6.6% 0.0% 13.2% 10.9% 0.0% 0.0% 13.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Biomass from agricultural residues 12.6% 0.0% 149.4% 246.0% 143.8% 199.2% 0.0% 318.9% 580.0% 504.0% 0.0% 0.0% 64.4% 10.9% 68.5% Biomass from forest residues 62.3% 0.0% 84.1% 0.0% 45.8% 91.1% 0.0% 0.0% 89.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 31.9% 0.0% 0.0% Biomass from residual waste from wood industries 138.2% 0.0% 14.9% 0.0% 21.5% 18.1% 0.0% 0.0% 23.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 6.7% 0.0% 0.0% Typha valorization for power generation 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Methane emission reduction from oil production facilities (Flaring) 770.3% 0.0% 5.5% 0.0% 99.7% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Landfill gas capture to energy 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Biofuel from jatropha 195.3% 0.0% 48.8% 360.7% 79.3% 130.1% 0.0% 813.9% 104.2% 766.1% 781.2% 0.0% 77.0% 641.1% 1405.3% Emission reductions in cement plants 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Emission reductions in refineries 4.4% 0.0% 3.3% 0.0% 5.5% 7.1% 0.0% 7.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Efficiency improvements in electricity distribution 19.2% 0.0% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 0.0% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 33.9% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% Efficiency improvement in steam systems 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% CFL for energy efficiency in lighting 6.7% 0.0% 6.2% 11.0% 9.2% 4.7% 0.0% 7.6% 5.9% 24.4% 17.0% 15.6% 5.1% 0.0% 20.0% Energy efficiency improvements in household appliances 3.4% 0.0% 3.5% 2.7% 1.5% 3.2% 0.0% 3.2% 3.5% 0.9% 2.0% 4.2% 2.5% 0.0% 5.7% Energy efficiency improvements in industrial equipments (motors) 1.8% 0.0% 1.9% 1.8% 1.2% 1.6% 0.0% 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.9% 2.7% 1.4% 3.2% 3.6% Coal mine methane 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Efficiency improvements in charcoal production 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Methane leakage reduction 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Efficiency improvements in transport (BRT) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hydroelectricity projects 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 424.6% 44.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 243.0% 0.0% 0.0% 102.5% 264.1% 0.0% Fuel switch 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% All sectors/technologies aggregated 1245.4% 0.0% 370.8% 1099.3% 560.1% 506.6% 0.0% 1226.0% 849.1% 1581.6% 1322.5% 104.0% 315.3% 972.2% 1624.0% Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe AFRICA (All) Combined Cycle 152.1% 0.0% 17.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 3.5% 19.5% 0.0% 23.5% 281.4% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 15.9% Fossil-fuel based cogeneration 79.0% 171.1% 26.3% 59.5% 23.4% 11.9% 52.5% 48.8% 80.1% 20.2% 311.4% 11.0% 5.7% 27.0% 47.8% Efficiency improvements in sugar mill cogeneration 0.0% 0.0% 1.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.6% 6.2% 61.6% 4.6% 0.0% 4.3% 1.7% 2.3% 1.1% Biomass from agricultural residues 156.7% 660.6% 136.7% 0.0% 68.8% 0.0% 23.7% 29.0% 58.6% 468.6% 2190.4% 363.1% 63.0% 45.8% 66.3% Biomass from forest residues 69.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 434.9% 801.4% 3.0% 0.0% 39.6% 154.7% 0.0% 418.2% 19.7% 21.0% 30.1% Biomass from residual waste from wood industries 26.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 28.2% 24.1% 4.1% 0.0% 0.0% 40.6% 0.0% 97.5% 5.9% 6.1% 9.8% Typha valorization for power generation 0.0% 0.0% 337.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.4% Methane emission reduction from oil production facilities (Flaring) 1026.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 521.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 108.1% Landfill gas capture to energy 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Biofuel from jatropha 50.0% 0.0% 160.8% 118.2% 313.2% 5141.3% 11.9% 0.0% 42.5% 319.8% 665.5% 117.8% 100.8% 49.5% 66.9% Emission reductions in cement plants 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Emission reductions in refineries 8.3% 0.0% 7.6% 0.0% 15.0% 14.5% 0.8% 12.2% 0.0% 1.9% 0.0% 0.0% 1.1% 0.0% 1.8% Efficiency improvements in electricity distribution 7.0% 19.2% 19.2% 0.0% 19.2% 19.2% 7.0% 0.0% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 19.2% 9.8% Efficiency improvement in steam systems 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% CFL for energy efficiency in lighting 7.2% 8.5% 11.6% 3.2% 11.6% 7.5% 4.5% 0.0% 7.1% 6.9% 74.5% 3.9% 5.4% 5.6% 5.3% Energy efficiency improvements in household appliances 3.4% 5.3% 2.7% 3.8% 2.6% 3.2% 3.6% 0.0% 10.6% 3.4% 14.8% 3.3% 2.4% 5.2% 3.4% Energy efficiency improvements in industrial equipments (motors) 1.9% 2.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 0.0% 5.0% 1.8% 10.8% 1.7% 1.4% 2.6% 1.8% Coal mine methane 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.0% 4.9% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 2.3% 0.2% Efficiency improvements in charcoal production 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Methane leakage reduction 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Efficiency improvements in transport (BRT) 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Hydroelectricity projects 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 71.0% 0.0% 11.0% Fuel switch 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% All sectors/technologies aggregated 1587.9% 867.5% 724.2% 186.4% 918.9% 6024.9% 117.4% 637.7% 329.2% 1065.3% 3567.9% 1040.1% 297.6% 186.6% 380.5% www.worldbanI<.org feedback@worldbanI<.org