SFG1596 V2 Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) A Report on Social Assessment of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups for the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Social Assessment Report (VOLUME II) Prepared By Natural Resource Management Enterprise Services 3rd Floor Utali House Nairobi Room 8 P.O Box 72559- 00200 city Square Nairobi Kenya Tel; +254 02 788593/0722337251/0720 426845 E-mail: narem.enterprises@gmail.com Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms ................................................................................................ iii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................vi Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. viii Chapter I Introduction and Background to the consultancy ............................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) ................................... 1 1.2.1 Rationale of the Assignment.......................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Objectives of the Assignment ........................................................................................................ 3 1.2.3 Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Social Assessment and VMG Plans.................................. 3 1.3 Deliverables ...................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter II: Study Approach and Methods ............................................................................ 5 2.1 Approach .......................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Methodology .................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 Baseline Quantitative data collection .......................................................................................... 7 2.2.2 Sampling Frame and Sampling Exercise .................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 Focus Group Discussions ............................................................................................................ 8 2.2.4 VMG Land use Mapping .............................................................................................................. 9 2.2.5 Gender Considerations ............................................................................................................... 9 2.2.6 Data Organization and Analysis ............................................................................................... 10 2.3 Limitations/Challenges Faced by Consultants and Research Assistants ...................... 10 Chapter III: Findings of the Study ........................................................................................ 11 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Description of data and information gathered ............................................................... 11 3.3 Stakeholders and Institutional Analysis ......................................................................... 12 3.3.1 Group Formations /Institutions (stakeholder and institutional analysis) ...................... 12 3.4 Process of free, prior, and informed consultation with the affected and informed consultation with the affected VMGs ....................................................................................... 14 3.5 Socio-Economic Profile of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities ................ 15 3.5.1 Distribution of the Surveyed Population by Gender .................................................................. 15 3.5.2 Marital Status............................................................................................................................. 15 3.5.3 Level of Education .................................................................................................................... 16 3.5.4 Occupation of the Household Members .................................................................................... 16 3.5.5 VMGs Economic Status............................................................................................................. 18 3.5.7 Household Environment............................................................................................................ 19 3.5.8 Household Item Ownership ....................................................................................................... 20 3.5.9 Access to Services ..................................................................................................................... 21 3.5.10 Household source of Energy .................................................................................................... 21 3.5.11 Religious Affiliation ................................................................................................................. 22 3.5.12 Mode of Transport ................................................................................................................... 22 3.5.13 Household Source of Domestic Water .................................................................................... 23 3.5.14 Household Access to Sanitation ............................................................................................... 24 3.6 Maps of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Area ..................................................... 24 Social Assessment Report Page i 3.7 Historical and Contextual Information on the VMGs at the Kenyan Coast ................... 25 3.8. Legal and Institutional Context of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups ................ 29 3.9 Potential benefits of KCDP for Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups .......................... 30 3.9.1 Potential benefits of Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources ..................................... 30 3.9.2 Potential Benefits of Sound Management of Natural Resources ................................................. 33 3.9.3 . Potential Benefits for the Support for alternative Livelihoods ................................................... 34 3.10 Potential adverse impact of KCDP on VMGs and suggested Mitigation Measures....... 38 3.10.1 Potential adverse impact of KCDP on VMGs ............................................................................ 38 3.10.2 Mitigation Measures to address Potential Adverse effects of the Project ................................ 40 3.11 Special measures concerning women and vulnerable groups ........................................ 41 3.12 Capacity Building for the affected communities to enhance their participation in the implementation of the Action plan ........................................................................................... 42 3.13 Awareness of KCDP Project.......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.14 Broad support of the Project ........................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.15 Involvement of VMGs in planning process enhanced in the form of free, prior and informed consultation ............................................................................................................... 42 3.16 VMG Land use mapping ................................................................................................. 43 3.17 Compliance with Environmental Regulations and Safeguards ....................................... 44 3.18 Challenges faced by the VMCommunities in their Livelihood Strategies ..................... 44 3.19 Hazina Ya Maendeleo Ya Pwani (HMP) ........................................................................ 46 3.20 Process of free, prior and informed consultations for engaging VMGs in the project implementation ......................................................................................................................... 46 3.21 Complaint Handling, Grievance and Recourse Mechanisms ........................................ 47 Chapter IV: Conclusions and Recommendations ................................................................ 49 Annexes: ................................................................................................................................... 52 Annex I: VMGs Associations Operating in the Project Area and Their Activities. ................ 52 Annex II: Government Agencies and Departments involved in KCDP project Implementation ......................................................................................................................... 57 Annex III: Consultation Meetings with VMGs Stakeholders ................................................. 59 Annex IV. Minutes of Consultative Meetings with VMarginalized stakeholders .................. 60 Annex V: Photographs ......................................................................................................... 100 Annex VI: Stakeholder’s Consultation (FDGs) ..................................................................... 105 Annex VI: Map of VMGs Operation Areas........................................................................... 130 Annex VIII VMGs Inventory (Spatial data) .......................................................................... 142 Annex IX: NGO Board registered NGOs in Coastal region by Counties............................ 147 Annex X: Status of project implementation in Coastal Region by Counties...................... 152 Social Assessment Report Page ii Abbreviations and Acronyms ALRMP II Arid Lands Resource Management Project II BDS Business Development Services CAAC Coastal Area Advisory Committee CBOs Community Based Organizations CDA Coast Development Authority CDD Community Driven Development CDF Constituency Development Fund CRC Citizen Report Card CSO Civil Society Organization CVF Community Village Fund EA Environmental Audit EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework FGD Focus group discussion GEF Global Environmental Fund GEO Global Environmental Objective GIS Geographical Information System GOK Government of Kenya GP General Population GPS Geographical Positioning System GTI Government Training Institute HMP Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani ICR Implementation Completion Report ICZM Integrated Coastal Zone Management IDA International Development Association Inter organizational Committee on Principles and Guidelines for Social IOPGSIA Impact Assessment IPPF Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework ISDS Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet ISR Implementation Status and Results KACC Kenya Anti-Corruption Council KCDP Kenya Coastal Development Project KEFRI Kenya Forestry Research Institute KEFRI Kenya Forestry Research Institute KMFRI Kenya Marine Fisheries Research Institute KNCHR Kenya National Commission on Human Rights KWS Kenya Wildlife Service Social Assessment Report Page iii M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MCS Monitoring, Control and Surveillance MLDP Ministry of Lands (Department of Physical Planning) MoF Ministry of Finance MoFD Ministry of Fisheries Development MoL Ministry of Lands MPA Marine Protected Area MPs Management Plans MRC Mombasa Republican Council MSMEs Micro Small and Medium Enterprises NEMA National Environment Management Authority NLC National Land Commission ODM Orange Democratic Movement OP Operation Policy OPCS Operations Policy and Country Services PAD Project Appraisal Document PC Project Coordinator PCU Project Coordination Unit PF Process Framework PIM Project Implementation Manual PPOA Public Procurement Authority PPP Public-Private Partnership RA Research Assistant SDF State Department of Fisheries UNDRIP UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples VMC Vulnerable and Marginalized Community VMGPs Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Action Plans VSLA Village Savings and Loaning Association MoF Ministry of Finance MoFD Ministry of Fisheries Development MoL Ministry of Lands MPA Marine Protected Area MPs Management Plans MRC Mombasa Republican Council MSMEs Micro Small and Medium Enterprises NEMA National Environment Management Authority NLC National Land Commission ODM Orange Democratic Movement OP Operation Policy OPCS Operations Policy and Country Services PAD Project Appraisal Document Social Assessment Report Page iv PC Project Coordinator PCU Project Coordination Unit PF Process Framework PIM Project Implementation Manual PPOA Public Procurement Authority PPP Public-Private Partnership RA Research Assistant SDF State Department of Fisheries UNDRIP UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples VMC Vulnerable and Marginalized Community VMGPs Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Action Plans VSLA Village Savings and Loaning Association Social Assessment Report Page v List of Tables Table 1: Sample Size ................................................................................................................. 8 Table 2: Distribution of Survey Population Gender ................................................................ 15 Table 3: Marital Status of the Respondents ............................................................................. 15 Table 4 Level of education attained ........................................................................................ 16 Table 5: Occupation of household Members ........................................................................... 18 Table 6: Comparison of VMG households’ economic status and other general population households in the community .................................................................................................. 18 Table 7: Household income level based on their expenses,..................................................... 19 Table 8: House Type and Construction Materials ................................................................... 19 Table 9: Household Item Ownership ....................................................................................... 20 Table 10: Household access to services ................................................................................... 21 Table 11: Types of fuel household mainly use for cooking..................................................... 22 Table 12: Religion Affiliation.................................................................................................. 22 Table 13: Mode of transport use to get to place of work/business .......................................... 23 Table 14: The Main Source of Domestic Water in Household ................................................ 23 Table 15: Toilet Facility Household Use ................................................................................. 24 Table 16: Main household livelihood sources for household .................................................. 35 Table 18 Awareness of KCDP Project..................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 19: Proportion of respondents’ support for the project . Error! Bookmark not defined. Social Assessment Report Page vi Acknowledgement This report has been prepared by Narem enterprises Consultants. The authors would wish to sincerely thank everyone who contributed in one way or another towards the preparation of the report including the provision of crucial data and information. While it is not possible to mention everybody who contributed to this study, the authors would like to extend many thanks to all those who unreservedly offered information relevant for the preparation of this report. In particular, the authors wish to convey special thanks to Dr Jacqueline Uku, the KCDP Project Coordinator and KMFRI staff for their patience and cooperation during the study. Without their contributions, this task would have been more onerous, if not impossible, at least to complete, As important, we would like to state that the opinions expressed in this report are purely those of the authors based on observations and findings during the study. Suffice is to say the authors take full responsibility for any errors of commission or omission that may be found in the report. Last but not the least; special thanks go to those who made it possible for this report to be completed and presented to the client. This very able team consisted of Team Leader, Professor Erick Otieno Nyambedha, Eng. Julius Amala and Arnold Omondi Menya. Social Assessment Report Page vii Executive Summary The Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) aims at promoting environmentally sustainable management of Kenya’s coastal and marine resources by strengthening the capacity of existing relevant government agencies and rural micro, small and medium sized enterprises in selected coastal communities. The project comprises of four components namely: Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources, Sound Management of Natural Resources, Support for alternative Livelihoods and capacity building, monitoring and evaluation system, project management and communication and Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani (HMP). The project is implemented by seven agencies of the Government of Kenya (GoK), comprising of Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI), State Department of Fisheries, Kenya Wildlife Services (KWS), Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI), Coast Development Authority (CDA), Ministry of Lands (Department of Physical Planning) and the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA). The activities of these agencies, within the KCDP project are coordinated by a centralized Project Coordinating Unit (PCU) based at the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI). However, during project preparation, it became clear that the project may also lead to some impact on the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMGs) which to a great extent are dependent on natural resources within their environments. In order to ensure that the KCDP does not cause harm or exclude Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups, it became necessary to undertake a social assessment in order to develop project protocols and clear mechanisms for engaging with marginalized communities/ groups. Consequently, KCDP engaged the consulting services of NAREM to conduct a social assessment of the project among the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups living in the Kenya Coastal region. A broad objective of this consultancy was to conduct Social Assessment (SA) for the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups at the Kenyan Coastal region and to develop the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMGs) plans as well as the Process Framework for working with communities in the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP). The present report presents the results of a social assessment conducted among the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities living at the Kenyan Coast. The report contains both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data was collected from a total sample of 406 members of the VMG communities in the Kenya Coastal region. In addition, 20 consultative meetings were held with the same communities. Separate consultative meetings were held in each site for the females, the youths and the elders where necessary to take into consideration the different views and priorities of these groups. The VMG communities that were studied included; Munyoyaya, Illwana and Watha in Tana River county, Watha in Kilifi, Kwale, and Taita Taveta counties, Wakifundi and Wachwaka in Kwale County and the Boni/Aweer and Saanye in Lamu County. Quantitative data was analysed using the computer software package SPSS version 20 to produce tables of frequencies and percentages while the qualitative data from the Focus Group Discussions were analysed manually by examining the themes emerging from the discussions through content analysis. Social Assessment Report Page viii Qualitative data is presented in descriptive textual form and where necessary, verbatim quotations have been used to illustrate the descriptive texts. The process of free, prior and informed consultations: In order to meet the requirements of the free, prior and informed consultations (OP 4.10), the team identified community stakeholders or key persons who included; village headmen, chiefs, assistant chiefs. These stakeholders were identified through other government agencies such as the department of social development, Constituency AIDS offices and civil society organizations such as Masowat Education and Environment Project and Centre for Minority Development of Kenya. These stakeholders were informed of the purpose of the consultative meetings and briefed on issues to be discussed before an appointment was made for the consultative meetings which were held through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with separate groups in terms of gender and age. Data was triangulated across group discussions and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). This social assessment report was discussed and validated at a workshop with VMG representatives from the villages where the consultations took place. The VMG representatives were provided with copies of this report two weeks before they were invited to the workshop for validation. The invitation letters equally explained to the VMGs the reasons for the invitation. Based on the validated VMG social assessment report, the draft VMG plans are supposed to be made and shared with the VMGs in the various villages where the consultations were done two weeks before they are invited to a planning workshop where they will be guided on how to prioritize the projects they would wish to be implemented by KCDP in their villages. VMG communities’ representatives at the stakeholder feedback workshop were asked to suggest names of Community Based Organisations (CBOs) or other institutions that they would wish KCDP to work with on their behalf during the implementation of the suggested projects. In order to meet the requirements of OP4.10, the larger community members will be provided with prior information on priority micro-projects and CBOs that have been suggested by their representatives at the stakeholders’ workshop before commencement of the project. Furthermore, the provisions of the OP 4.10 have been considered together with the World Bank’s Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) which describes the types of programs and sub-projects that are likely to be supported, the need to clearly document the potential positive and adverse effects of the proposed project on indigenous populations, institutional arrangements for screening project supported activities, evaluating their effects on Indigenous Peoples, preparation of Indigenous Peoples Plans (IPPs) and addressing any grievances and disclosure arrangements for the IPPs. Description of the data gathered: Data gathered in this social assessment include; quantitative data obtained during the questionnaire administration to the VMG households. This data mainly contain quantified information on the socio-economic and socio- demographic characteristics of the VMGs on the Kenyan coast. Qualitative data was also obtained in this social assessment during the consultative meetings. Social Assessment Report Page ix This data contains the views from the various categories of VMGs on the potential impact that the implementation of the various components of KCDP might have on the VMGs and suggested mitigation measures and alternative support to their livelihoods. Furthermore, there is data from observations of the landscape and land use patterns of the VMGs. This data is presented in the form of pictography. Socio-demographic profile: The findings of the Social Assessment (SA) for the VMG show that only 13% of the VMGs are aware of the existence of KCDP. Majority (80%) of the VMGs had up to primary school education while only 8% had up to secondary school education in the five counties of Kwale, Kilifi, Taita Taveta, Tana River and Lamu. Majority (76%) of the VMG communities lived in hut type houses made of mud walls and grass thatched using makuti. Membership to groups was a main lifestyle in the VMG communities and most of the groups at the community level are registered with the department of Social Development. There were gender and age differentiations of roles in the livelihood activities that the VMGs were engaged in such as engaging in small scale income generating activities mainly dominated by women and livestock keeping dominated by men. However, many of the groups did not engage in meaningful income generating activities due to high levels of poverty and lack of external support. Furthermore, efforts towards conflict resolutions within the communities as well as within the groups were done mainly using the traditional structures of the council of elders through the institution of headman which used their cultural arbitration skills to settle disputes. Such traditional mechanisms were found to be important in promoting peace and development within the VMG communities. It is anticipated that the implementation of the KCDP project within its various components might result to some potential benefits and adverse effects to these communities as described in the results of the social assessment for the various components: Potential benefits of KCDP to the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups The Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) has four components namely: sustainable management of fisheries resources, sustainable management of natural resources, support for alternative livelihoods and capacity building of implementing agencies. The implementation of these components is likely to have potential impacts – both positive and negative - on these Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMGs) as shown below: Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources: The VMG groups who were covered in this assessment such as the Watha of Dabaso and Baraka Chembe, Wakifundi, the Boni/Aweer and the Saanye explained that they do not generate adequate money for their subsistence and to improve fishing activities along the seashore. Challenges related to fishing equipments and landing beaches: An observation of the fish landing beaches such as Shimoni, and information obtained during Focus Group Discussions for Ndununi, Dabaso, Jakaranda and Kizuke revealed that they are underdeveloped and unhygienic due to lack of resources to maintain cleanliness which could lead to loses for the fishermen due to lack of storage facilities. Social Assessment Report Page x These communities use traditional fishing equipments such as dugout canoes that are borrowed from other people within the neighbouring communities as is the case with Wakifundi in Shimoni Kwale County and the Watha in Baraka Chembe and Dabaso in Kilifi County. There are cases where these communities can only afford to do crab fishing during the low tide times of the ocean due to lack of fishing equipments as opposed to fishing for fin fish. Capacity and level of knowledge of Beach Management Units (BMUs) and opportunities for better management of fisheries resources: There is further evidence from this social assessment to show that the VMG communities do not have adequate knowledge on the sustainable management of fisheries resources including leadership and governance of the fish landing beaches through the Beach Management Units (BMUs). The Beach Management Units (BMUs) are governing structures composed of elected community members. They are registered and regulated by the fisheries department. Their main role is to do day to day management of fishing activities at the beaches among other functions. In fact, interviews with members of one of the Beach Management Units underscored the need to build their capacity in leadership and create awareness regarding environmental conservation. The BMU members equally explained that they are not able to properly manage the beaches due to lack of enough income generated from the fishing activities. For sustainable management of fisheries resources, the youths living in these communities suggested the need to be involved in co-management of fisheries resources in liaison with fisheries officers to help monitor people using illegal fishing equipments such as spear guns. Opportunities for increased fish production and diversification of livelihoods: The social assessment also revealed existing opportunities for increased fish production through fish farming as was suggested by the various communities which included; Watha of Bombi, Birikani, Dabaso, Baraka Chembe in Kilifi and Taita Taveta, Munyoyaya and Illwana in Tana River and the Saanye and Boni in Lamu County. In addition, the VMGs living in close proximity to the sea and other areas suitable for seaweed farming explained that they could benefit from such an activity if supported by the project. In addition, the VMGs living in close proximity to the sea and other areas suitable for seaweed farming explained that they could benefit from such an activity if supported by the project. Conclusions on potential benefits to VMGs from sustainable management of fisheries resources: This social assessment therefore shows that VMG communities can benefit from KCDP if they are supported to acquire modern fishing and storage equipments. They can also benefit if the project supports them in capacity building to create awareness on sustainable management of fisheries resources, skills in beach management including skills related to group dynamics, leadership, conflict management and fish handling and marketing, since a number of them have initiated group activities but have no skills of effectively managing the groups.,. KCDP sub-projects on fish/seaweed farming can potentially benefit the VMGs. Social Assessment Report Page xi Sustainable Management of Natural Resources: This social assessment confirmed that the VMGs have a close attachment to the natural resources which include the forests and the wildlife. They can therefore potentially benefit from conservation efforts as well as sustainable management of these natural resources. The VMG communities stand to benefit from KCDP if they can be supported to rehabilitate, expand or construct cultural sites based on the existing structures and potentials within their communities. For instance, the renovation of the Shimoni and the three sister’s caves among the Wakifundi and Wachwaka, as well as the development of Watha cultural centres in Kilibasi including Kilibasi hill, Maungu, Dabaso and Birikani can help the VMGs to obtain income from the eco-tourist activities. The project can further benefit the VMGs if they are trained in group dynamics to be able to sustainably conduct group activities alongside the tourist attraction centres in their villages. This is because some of the suggested Watha cultural centres are situated next to game reserves and the communities can benefit from the tourists who come to see the wild game. The Watha cultural centres can also be used to teach Watha culture to the young people and visitors so as to preserve their heritage. The VMGs explained that one of the reasons why they request to be supported to construct cultural centres is because they can use them to preserve their heritage through teaching their young ones. They lamented that Watha culture is threatened and is facing extinction. Support for Alternative Livelihoods: This social assessment has shown that majority of the VMGs (57.2%) in the five counties are practicing subsistence farming. However, this proportion is not uniform across these counties. These communities are practicing subsistence farming with little success due to prevailing climatic conditions. Some of these communities have attempted to practice horticulture and drip irrigation agriculture below their potential due to lack of equipments. The communities also practice livestock keeping mainly the indigenous breeds of goats and chicken. Other livelihood strategies that are practiced by the community include; small scale businesses (SMEs) such as selling mandaazi, mahamri, paraffin, manufacturing and selling beads. Most of these small and medium enterprise activities are carried out by women. Another activity that is carried out by these community members include bee keeping using the traditional methods. The VMGs practice bee keeping as a mode of subsistence. These VMGs communities can potentially benefit from the KCDP if they are supported to improve farming by obtaining farming equipments and inputs including knowledge on modern farming techniques. The VMG communities can also benefit from support to keep improve indigenous breeds of chicken and goats. Such sub-projects of KCDP can enable farmers to obtain more meat and milk to increase their income. Bee keeping as a sub-project can potentially benefit the VMG communities if supported through the KCDP project. The social assessment also showed that the VMG communities have the potential to benefit from skills on micro-enterprises. This is because members of the VMGs particularly the women are already engaged in small and medium enterprises within their localities. Social Assessment Report Page xii Other communities such as Wachwaka, Watha in Kikobeni, Kilibasi, Shirango (Kwale county), Majivuno, Shirango-Bamba, in Kilifi, Hamesa and Sombo in Tana River, Munyoyaya and Illwana in Tana River and the Boni in Lamu suggested the need to be supported to start small scale industries for fruit and cassava processing. Such a sub-project of KCDP can potentially benefit the VMG communities by providing opportunities to enhance value addition for the fruits and cassava as well as provide employment opportunities for the youths and additional income to the community. Small grants and loans from KCDP can benefit such communities as indicated in this section to improve on the activities that they are already doing. According to this social assessment, the KCDP project can anchor its sub-projects on the existing livelihood strategies as well as the existing potentials by such communities as identified by the members of the community themselves. In this way, the sub-projects of KCDP initiated for the benefit of VMGs shall potentially benefit them in a culturally appropriate way. Potential adverse effects to the VMG communities: This social assessment has shown that the VMGs to a large extent depend on natural resources, particularly the forestry and wildlife resources for their livelihood. They depend on the forests for honey, fruits, medicinal plants, firewood and charcoal. These communities also use forests for worship and performance of rituals. The VMGs therefore are likely to be adversely affected if they are stopped/restricted from accessing the forests because the forestry resources constitute a significant proportion of their lives. Furthermore, the VMGs complained during the social assessment that they are excluded from the efforts to conserve the natural resources within their communities. They are particularly worried about the depletion of forests and wildlife despite the fact that the government has employed additional forest and wildlife officers. The VMG communities further explained that the conservation of forests and wildlife can benefit from their indigenous knowledge which has been used to sustainably manage the forests and wildlife resources. Such a suggestion points to the fact that the indigenous knowledge can be potentially used to conserve the natural resources when combined with the current efforts by the government through Kenya Wildlife Services and the Kenya Forest Services. Thus, the adverse effects that the VMGs are likely to encounter due to the implementation of KCDP would be loss of a livelihood through the restrictions of the entry of forests and use of forest resources that they have depended on for a livelihood. Mitigation of adverse effects: One way of mitigating the adverse effects that might be experienced by the VMG communities due to implementation of the KCDP project is to engage the VMG communities using their traditional structures to design mechanisms for co- management of natural resources, particularly the forest and wildlife resources. Such an approach would create room for mutual understanding and co-existence of the natural resources and the VMGs. Such a design should also spell out areas of mutual beneficence from co-management. Social Assessment Report Page xiii The VMG communities that depend on charcoal burning should be supported to start tree planting projects for diversification of their income sources and also to enhance environmental conservation in the communities. Another suggested mechanism of mitigating the adverse effects of the implementation of KCDP would be to promote bee keeping among the VMGs so that they do not fully depend on the honey from forests for subsistence. They can be supported to obtain modern bee hives including harvesting and processing equipments. Promotion of bee keeping as a sub-project would enable the communities to diversify their income from selling honey besides the use of honey for subsistence. Construction of cultural centres or conservatoires next to the forests and game reserves will enable the VMGs to benefit from tourist activities. During the social assessment, the elderly and the disabled singled out the construction of such sites as one activity that would provide them with a lifeline and mitigate the adverse effects of restrictions of entry into the forests and game reserves. Assessment of Broad Community support to the Project: Despite the previous unfulfilled promises by both the government and various development organizations, the VMGs were ready to support the project activities if those activities were going to benefit their communities. Quantitative data showed low support of project activities among the VMGs which was attributed to lack of awareness by the VMGs and long standing marginalization and discrimination of the VMGs by the government implementing agencies. These sentiments were underscored during the consultative meetings conducted through FGDs in the villages. Stakeholder and Institutional Analysis: There are a few external institutions such as A Rocha Kenya which built the Mida Creek tourist attraction site among the Watta of Dabaso and The Kenya Red cross who supported horticultural farming among the Watta in Bombi both in Kilifi county. These were one-off project activities and these NGOs have already left these communities. The NGOs did not have any interest in these communities according to the information obtained from the consultative meetings. The National Museums of Kenya (NMK) have interests in the Shimoni slave cave and the old colonial D.Cs residence in Shimoni, Kwale County. The involvement of NMK in the management of these tourist sites is very minimal and the communities are struggling to manage them on their own. However, KCDP will need to involve the NMK as a stakeholder if they have to carry a project in these sites since they are historical sites under the NMK. Each of the villages visited during the consultative meetings had registered CBOs which are all formed in anticipation of donor support and therefore compete for development funds such as what KCDP would provide. At the same time, there are other wider CBOs such as Masowat Education and Environmental Project which claims interest in all issues affecting the lives of Watta people in Kwale county and Centre for Minority Development of Kenya among the Watta in Kilifi and Taita Taveta counties which represents the rights of Watta communities in Kilifi and Taita Taveta. These wider CBOs also have interests in donor funds coming to these communities with the potential to erect barriers on the implementation path of the project if their interests and those of the larger communities are not carefully included in the design of the sub-projects. Social Assessment Report Page xiv There are other indigenous institutions such as the village headman and village elders’ council known as Dhuro, Abagaaza among the Watta or gana system among the Saanye. These institutions possess traditional authority which is much respected among these communities provide opportunities for addressing emerging conflicts within the different institutions among the VMGs. Description of legal and Institutional context pertaining to VMGs: The African Commission on Human and Minority Peoples’ Rights has provided the operational definition of Vulnerable and Marginalized groups to include those minority communities that possess unique cultural traits, live in isolation next to the natural resources such as forests and rivers and depend on those resources for their livelihood. The document further explains that these communities are discriminated against and dominated over by neighbouring communities, thus making it difficult for them to equitable access and benefit from development resources in a way that is culturally appropriate to their cultural conditions. Furthermore, the Kenyan constitution 2010 in article 56(e) recognizes the rights of the minority and marginalized groups and calls for affirmative action to initiate action programs that can enable reasonable access by such communities. It is on the basis of this recognition that KCDP has developed an Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) and engaged consultancy services to carry out a social assessment of the VMGs and to initiate development plans that are culturally appropriate to the contexts within which the VMG live at the Kenyan Coast. Special Measures concerning women and vulnerable groups: The gender differentiation in the project activities and the proposed sub-projects show that women can benefit through promotion of subsistence agricultural activities, promotion of poultry keeping, small scale businesses and artistical activities for entertaining tourists in the proposed cultural sites. Youthful females can benefit from promotion of boardwalk activities as their source of income. This social assessment further shows that the elderly people and other vulnerable groups such as the disabled among the VMGs can benefit from the improvement of cultural sites including the income generating activities around the slave caves. The elderly and vulnerable groups can also benefit from bee keeping activities if promoted by KCDP. Capacity building activities for the affected Communities: The social assessment identified the following as capacity building gaps that if enhanced would enable the VMG communities to meaningfully benefit from KCDP project activities. Development of knowledge and skills in entrepreneurship, conflict resolutions ,group dynamics, horticultural production, leadership and governance as well as fisheries. The VMGs would also benefit from KCDP if the primary and secondary school leavers are targeted for vocational training. Social Assessment Report Page xv Overall Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusions: This social assessment has shown that majority of the VMGs who were visited in this social assessment can be categorized as poor, with no reliable source of income and low levels of education. The VMGs who live within the proximity of fish landing beaches do not receive enough income from the fish harvests due to lack of modern fishing equipments and knowledge. These communities suggested to be supported to enhance fishing activities. The VMGs to a large extent depend on natural resources for a livelihood, i.e. fruits, honey, firewood, charcoal and medicinal plants. They also use forests as places for worship and performance of rituals. Restrictions into the entry to forests can result in adverse effects on the livelihoods of such communities. Most VMGs currently practice subsistence farming and others are involved in small scale businesses but lack capital and skills to profitably engage in the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The VMG communities can potentially benefit from KCDP if the project supports them to improve their income from fishing activities, improve their harvests from subsistence farming and provide support to diversify their income through Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In addition, KCDP project can potentially benefit the VMGs if it addressed the problems of unemployment and low levels of education if it provides scholarships targeting the VMGs. Recommendations Recommendations for project design: Based on the information obtained in this social assessment and the requirements of OP4.10, we recommend that consultative meetings for the design of the project should be based on prior information provided to the VMG communities regarding the sub-projects proposed based on this social assessment report after its validation by the VMG communities themselves and their representatives. Thus the prioritization of the sub-projects should be carried out at these two stages. The design of the projects and the validation process should involve the use of the identified institutions and stakeholders based on the information on stakeholder analysis to address the potential threats, interests of various institutions and stakeholders as well as properly utilize the opportunities that are within these institutions for project implementation and initial buy-in. This social assessment has shown that there are external institutions such as NGOs that worked in the communities on a one-off basis and do not have running interests in these communities or in the projects they initiated. There are Community Based Organisations (CBOs) operating at two levels in the society but which have similar interests in accessing donor funds for community development and the indigenous institutions such as the village headmen and council of elders which hold traditional authority and can provide opportunities for vetting CBOs and other stakeholders in the project. They can also be instrumental in providing a monitoring and evaluation framework for the community projects. Social Assessment Report Page xvi Recommendations for participating in free, prior and informed consultations for engaging VMGs in the project implementation: Based on the findings of this social assessment, it is recommended that the process for participating in free, prior and informed consultations during project implementation should be discussed at a planning workshop where the experts can provide guidance on how to prioritize the various projects by the VMG representatives based on the validated contents of the social assessment report. The VMG representatives should also be guided to suggest the names of the CBOs that they would wish to work with at the community level. The prioritized VMG plans and the suggested CBOs should then be subjected to the wider community validation process in the villages where the consultative processes were done and at the venues that are suggested by the VMG representatives after consulting other community members. The larger community members should be provided with prior information regarding the prioritized plans and suggested CBOs to allow them adequate time to consult amongst themselves and to have more information regarding the intended activities so as to effectively participate in the community validation process. Development of VMG Plans: The development plans for the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities should be based on identified activities that the VMGs are involved in, their suggestions of possible projects that are appropriate to their cultural conditions and an assessment of the environmental conditions. This would enable the projects proposed for these VMG communities to be culturally appropriate to their conditions Implementation of prioritized projects: The implementation of the prioritized projects for the VMGs should be carried out based on the provisions of the World Bank Operational policy no. 4.10 and the Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) as described under the section of free, prior and informed consultations in this report . Gender and age differentiation : In order to improve and sustain the support of the project particularly among the VMGs such as those observed during consultation process, it is recommended that the project should take into consideration the gender and age variations in the needs and development initiatives based on the opportunities, capabilities and existing resources for each of the VMGs. . Social Assessment Report Page xvii Chapter I Introduction and Background to the consultancy 1.1 Introduction This report provides the findings and recommendations of the social assessment and forms the basis upon which the Development of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Plans for working with Communities in the Coastal Development Project (KCDP) is designed. The assignment was undertaken by Natural Resource Management Enterprises (NAREM) Services within the contract framework for the provision of consultancy services for the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) . This assignment was carried out according the World Bank’s Operational Policy OP 4.10 which provides guidelines for social assessment including the principle of free, prior and informed consultations for projects concerning the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities/ groups(Indigenous Peoples). The assignment has also been carried out according to the provisions of the new Kenyan constitution 2010 on Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups. The report is based on both quantitative and qualitative data obtained from the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities within five coastal counties namely; Kwale, Kilifi, Taita Taveta, Tana River and Lamu. This social assessment report for the coastal communities will lead to the development of Vulnerable and Marginalized people’s plans which will provide the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) with clear mechanisms to sustainably engage these communities to participate in the project activities. 1.2 Background to the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) The Government of Kenya received financing from the International Development Association (IDA) and the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) towards the Kenya’s Coastal Development Project (KCDP). The KCDP covers a period of 6 years and its development objective is to promote environmentally sustainable management of Kenya’s coastal and marine resources by strengthening the capacity of existing relevant government agencies and rural micro, small and medium sized enterprises in selected coastal communities. The project is comprised of the following four components: Component 1: Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources with the objective of increasing remote revenue earning potential of GoK through sound monitoring, control and surveillance and a transparent process of licensing of foreign vessels. Other goals are to promote research for value addition, market chain analysis, alternatives beyond reef fishing, aquaculture and overall improvement of fisheries governance; Social Assessment Report Page 1 Component 2: Sound Management of Natural Resources which aims to improve the sound management and regeneration of natural resources and biodiversity in the coastal and marine environment as well as provide assistance to communities in the development of eco-tourism ventures; Component 3: Support for Alternative Livelihoods which aims to promote sustainable livelihood within a sound governance framework that includes spatial planning and land capability mapping to identify sensitive areas, Integrated Coastal Management (ICM), and compliance within environmental regulations and safeguards. Within this institutional framework, the component aims to support community investments and MSMEs and; Component 4: Capacity Building, Monitoring and Evaluation, Project Management and Communication and Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani (HMP). This component aims to promote capacity in the project coordination and implementation teams, promote dialogue amongst national partners and regional stakeholders as well as develop a communication strategy for development outreach. Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani is a grant giving sub- component within component 4 of KCDP which aims at promoting community development by focusing on natural resources conservation, social wellbeing and provision of community services among the Coastal communities. The project is implemented by 7 agencies of the Government of Kenya (GoK), comprising of Kenya Marine and Fisheries Institute, State Department of Fisheries, Kenya Wildlife Services, Kenya Forestry Research Institute, Coast Development Authority, Ministry of Lands (Department of Physical Planning) and the National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA). The activities of these agencies, within the KCDP project are coordinated by a centralized Project Coordinating Unit (PCU) based at the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI). 1.2.1 Rationale of the Assignment During project preparation, it became clear that the project may impact on the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups as well as other natural resources dependent communities. In order to ensure that the KCDP Project supports these Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in the project areas, it became necessary to undertake a social assessment and develop project protocols and clear mechanisms for engaging these communities according to the provisions of World Bank OP4.10. Although the project is not going to cause displacement of communities in the course of implementation, some project interventions may call for behavior changes that may not be in line with the livelihoods of the communities in the project areas. Social Assessment Report Page 2 In line with the World Bank OP4.12 on the Involuntary Resettlement and in line with Kenya Government protocols there is a need to have a clear process framework and a plan of action on the resources management articulated in a very specific manner that shows how the project is going to introduce these changes in the co-management plans and other natural resources interventions in these communities. The Process Framework will outline clear protocols for engagement in benefit sharing as well as for the assessment of impact and the mitigation measures where communities may be affected by restriction in the use of natural resources. This will also include the spatial mapping exercise that the project is going to undertake and how these are likely to impact on the settlements, land use areas and cultural sites for the vulnerable and marginalized groups. 1.2.2 Objectives of the Assignment The objectives of this assignment are to: I. Carry out a comprehensive social assessment for the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in the entire project area (as per the requirement of the social assessment TOR as indicated in what the report should capture). II. Develop Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups action plans III. Provide guidance to the project on how to manage various aspects related to Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in the project area IV. Provide a Process Framework for the co-management of Coastal resources in a participatory manner involving the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups. Update the process framework and co-management actions and guidelines on sub projects to be implemented. Objective II III and IV will be addressed in a separate and related volume to the current assignment. 1.2.3 Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Social Assessment and VMG Plans Key tasks under this report include: Carrying out an inventory/screening and mapping of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMGs) in the operation areas that include but not limited to Watha , Boni/Aweer, Saanye, Malakote/Illwana, Munyoyaya, Wakifundi and Wachwaka as indicated in the Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) for KCDP; Consultation with the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in the project areas especially to assess their level of participation, awareness and involvement in the project activities and to determine their perception of the project; Assessing the impacts that project actions may have on the VMGs both positive and negative and how any adverse impacts may be mitigated; Carrying out assessment of the livelihoods of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups including detailed land use mapping and Development of overall Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Action Plans (VMGPs) for sub-projects. Social Assessment Report Page 3 1.2.3.1 Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Plans These plans will contain the following: sub-projects, background and details of how the plan was prepared including consultations with local communities and other stakeholders. The plans will elaborate the following: Summary of the proposed sub-project; detailed description of the participation and consultation process during implementation; description of how the sub-project will ensure culturally appropriate benefits and avoid or mitigate adverse impacts; A Grievance and Complaint Handling, Mechanism (GCHM) and a monitoring and evaluation system for tracking implementation of these plans specifying key responsibilities; and a budget. 1.3 Deliverables Key deliverables include the following reports: Inception Report: Specifying the approach and work plan for undertaking the consultancy and the proposed structure for the final report to be submitted within the first 14 days after signing the contract; Interim Report: This report should contain reports of meetings, focus group discussions stakeholder consultations and baseline data including any legal materials useful in the social assessment after 60 working days with a summary of activities undertaken so far. This will be made available to the PCU in order to ensure quality technical content and ascertain that the consultancy objectives are addressed; The Draft Final Report: This report should be close to a final version reflecting the content of the final report. The consultant will present the draft Social Assessment (SA) and draft final Vulnerable and Marginalized Peoples Plans following OP4.10 to the project staff and other key stakeholders (including representatives from local NGOs and academia. The Final Report: The final SA and Vulnerable and Marginalized Peoples plans following OP4.10 with clear mechanisms for engaging the VMG communities to participate in the implementation of the plans. Social Assessment Report Page 4 Chapter II: Study Approach and Methods 2.1 Approach Desk review: The study was started by desktop review and online search for literature on previous studies, documents, and other publications. This was followed by comprehensive review of the project documents. The project documents reviewed included; Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP), Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) January, 2010, Process Framework {Draft}, Kenya Coastal Development Project (April, 2010), Environmental and Social Management Framework & Indigenous People’s Planning Framework for the Kenya Coastal Development Project, Interim ESMF Strategy (2012), Ministry of Devolution and Planning County Development Profile, Strategy on the Implementation of Spatial Planning Sub-Component of the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) (1st draft 2012). A Strategy on the Implementation of Environmental Governance Sub-Component, Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) (October 2012) and Component 1: Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources Strategy among others. Other important documents reviewed included; County Development Profiles, Restructuring Paper on the proposed project Restructuring of the Kenya Coastal Development Project (Approved On July 27, 2010), Social Impact Assessment Methodology, Tools for Institutional, Political, and Social Analysis of Policy Reform, Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework for the Western Kenya Community Driven Development and Flood Mitigation Project and the natural Resource Management Project (Final Report December 2006), Process Framework for NRM Project in Mount Elgon and Cherangany Hills (July 2011). The desktop review was followed by development of instruments of data collection such as questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) guides. Data collection tools were then submitted to the client for approval. After approval of data collection instruments, the consultancy team went ahead to recruit the enumerators from each county. A total of sixty (60) enumerators were recruited to collect baseline data for both the general community and the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in all the six counties in the Coastal region. Recruitment and Training of Field data collection Enumerators: To enhance the accuracy of the information collected, Research Assistants were recruited from the project areas particularly from the divisions. These were persons known by communities in the project area, for example those who work with communities such as with the Community Based Organizations (CBOs) staff, people identified by project stakeholders and those identified by the KCDP staff who are implementing project activities in some areas. Social Assessment Report Page 5 The minimum requirement for selection as a Research Assistant (RA) or an enumerator was KCSE certificate with a mean grade of C+ and above. Preference was given to university students with background in the social sciences. The recruited research assistants were fluent in Kiswahili, local languages and English as well as the culture of the targeted project beneficiaries. The recruitment of the RAs was both gender and regional disparity sensitivity. It was intended that the research assistants understand Kiswahili, English and local language so as not to necessitate questionnaire translation. However, the interviews were conducted in the local languages to ensure that interviewees gave pertinent information. Having completed recruitment of enumerators, the consultant went ahead and trained the Research Assistants on the correct procedures of interview and questionnaire administration to ensure that respondents understood the questions, felt at ease and gave true accounts. They were taken through training by the team leader, co-team leader and sampling expert. During the training, the participants were also taken through the questionnaires and were challenged to respond to each questionnaire to prove they understood the questions and finally given the consent to sign. The training sessions were conducted in two phases; the first phase of the training of the research assistants took place at the Government Training Institute (GTI) in Mombasa for research assistants who conducted the baseline study in Mombasa, Kwale, Kilifi and Taita Taveta. This training was conducted between 13/3/2014 and 15/3/2014. The second training session was conducted in Lamu Secondary school on the Island between 26/3/2014 and 27/3/2013 for research assistants to work in the counties of Lamu and Tana River. Out of the ten (10) research assistants per county, three were chosen to collect GIS information and to map and collect baseline data on VMGs only in each county. The three research assistants, apart from the normal training, were also trained on recording of coordinate of physical features such as markets, schools, land, agricultural activities, health centers, roads among others using Geographical Positioning System (GPS). Each of the three enumerators was provided with GPS gadget prior to moving to the field. 2.2 Methodology The data collection process was implemented in two phases. The first phase involved collection of quantitative data through the administration of questionnaires while the second phase of data collection involved conducting of Focus Group Discussions with Vulnerable and Marginalized communities in the Coastal region following the procedure of free, prior and informed consultations. Social Assessment Report Page 6 2.2.1 Baseline Quantitative data collection Thus, upon completion of the training, research assistants accompanied by their supervisors moved to villages in the five counties namely; Kilifi, Kwale, Taita Taveta, Lamu and Tana River. Baseline studies were conducted between 16/3/2014 to 5/4/2014. At the village level, each research assistant carried out face-to-face interviews with the head of household as shown below. The enumerators were accompanied by the local administration officials mainly the village elders who led them to the VMG households for purposes of identification and security. The actual household visits were commenced after the client (KCDP) informed the local administration starting from the Governor to the local chief on the same. The purpose of informing the local administration was for security reasons. The Identified local facilitators were facilitated for transport and subsistence to accompany and help the research assistants to identify the appropriate households from which data was collected. 2.2.2 Sampling Frame and Sampling Exercise The sample design was based on the wards created by Independent Electoral and Boundary Commission. The sampling process started at the constituency level. Each research assistant was provided with a list of Enumeration Areas (Ward) within the constituency in project area. The KCDP Social Assessment sampling was a two stage stratified cluster sample designed in such a way that individual constituency formed the strata. At the constituency level, research assistants moved to Wards of the list provided. Within the constituencies in the six (6) project Counties, the supervisors ensured that all the Wards were covered. Household heads in the listed Ward were randomly sampled by picking every 5 names in each ward. At least 245 and 105 households from non-marginalized and marginalized communities respectively were targeted per county depending on the county size. A total of 525 households were targeted in five counties of Kwale, Kilifi, Taita Taveta, Tana River and Lamu. Table 1 below shows the sample size for the study among the VMGs. Social Assessment Report Page 7 Table 1: Sample Size VMGs County Target Achieved % Achieved Mombasa Kilifi 105 107 102% Kwale 105 79 75% Taita Taveta 105 80 76% Tana River 105 47 45% Lamu 105 93 89% Total 525 406 77% 2.2.3 Focus Group Discussions In order to have an overall synthesized perception and group opinions of larger community and VMGs living within the project area as well as authenticating the data from the sample households, focused groups discussions were held with various representatives of women, elders and youths among the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMGs). These discussions were conducted at village level in each of the five counties namely; Kwale, Kilifi, Taita Taveta, Tana River and Lamu. The group sessions were conducted between 18/11/2014 to 5/12/2014. The villages were as follows: Shimoni, Fikirini, Kilibasi, Kikobeni and Shirango in Kwale; Mabuani, Dabaso, Katana (bombi), Chamari (Gigitole), Baraka Chembe, Majivuno (Tezo), Shirango (Bamba) in Kilifi; Birikani, Bondeni and Matingi (Kasigeu) and Kajire in Taita Taveta; Madogo, Sombo and Hamesa in Tana River. VMG communities that were represented in these Focus Group Discussions in the four counties included; Wakifundi, Wachwaka and Watha in Kwale; Watha in Kilifi and Taita Taveta; Malakote/Wailuana, Munyoyaya and Watha in Tana River. In Lamu due to security concerns, VMGs from Bargoni, Kiunga, Pandanguo and Mapenya were assembled at Mokowe government quarters in Lamu mainland for Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Representatives from the two VMG communities namely; the Boni/Aweer and Wasaanye living in Lamu County participated in the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). The group discussions provided a means for validation of the information given by individual respondents during household survey. At least two (2) Focus Group Discussions were held in each county. Before every Focus Group Discussion was held, appropriate introduction about the aim of the FGD and screening of VMG was done at the start of the meetings; this helped build the confidence between the community and the study team in order to dispel misplaced expectations of the participants as well as ensuring the team was holding discussions with right participants. Social Assessment Report Page 8 This was followed by disaggregating the participants into youths, Women and Men for purposes of homogeneity and to provide room for free discussions during the group sessions. Minutes of the consultation meetings with Vulnerable and Marginalized Group’s stakeholders at the village’s and dates are attached in Annex I FGDs during VMG consultation process 2.2.4 VMG Land use Mapping A hand held GPS devise was used by a GIS specialist to capture the geographical positions of the various VMG land uses. Transect walks within the key pathways within the communities were used to help in the mapping of VMG land use patterns. The transect walks were conducted jointly by the research team, KCDP team, members of the community and their representatives to verify the existing land use patterns captured during the survey as well as discuss the potential land use for the community in case they are supported. The observations and inquiries as well as photography were used in conjunction with the transect walks and observations. 2.2.5 Gender Considerations The consultations also took into account the issues of gender. Specific consultations with women in the project-affected area were carried to ensure that their concerns are included in the project design and preparation. The Marginalized communities are a highly patrilineal society where women and their views are generally not considered. Majority of Marginalized communities still hold to the traditional misconception that women cannot make decisions and thus women are under-represented in property ownership, education, and political leadership among others. This situation is the outcome of the interplay of a myriad of factors ranging from discriminatory property ownership laws and practices to deep seated cultural values. Social Assessment Report Page 9 2.2.6 Data Organization and Analysis Data Editing: The data editing involved the sorting out of the questionnaire papers visually and discarding those with obvious anomalies. Data Coding and Entry: The data from the numbered questionnaires was coded and entered into the computer for analysis. The data entry exercise was done by the trained data entrants who were closely supervised by consultants. Data Analysis: Both qualitative and quantitative data obtained from the field was disaggregated by gender and analyzed using SPSS and MS Excel. The data was first cleaned and coded before being entered into the computer. Mostly, the data was analysed descriptively. With descriptive analysis, averages and percentages were calculated using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. 2.3 Limitations/Challenges Faced by Consultants and Research Assistants The key challenges to the consultants and research were: the vast area covered and poor rural access roads made transport difficult in the six counties, high cost of transport which made access to VMGs and none marginalized communities rather difficult. Negative attitude towards the consultants and research assistants due to unfulfilled promises by various organizations particularly from VMGs, insecurity, difficulty in reaching respondents, inability to access areas such as Dide Waride and Pandanguo location in Witu Division due to conflicts and violence which occurred in these areas because of terrorist attacks. Additionally, there was a general failure by the local community to avail information to outsiders, high level of illiteracy among the marginalized communities and high dependency syndrome. Social Assessment Report Page 10 Chapter III: Findings of the Study 3.1 Introduction This section presents both quantitative and qualitative data on the social assessment of Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities in the coastal region. The section is divided into six sections which include; the socio-economic profile of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities, sustainable management of fisheries resources, Sound Management of Natural Resources, Support for Alternative Livelihoods, conflict resolution mechanisms and Capacity building needs of the vulnerable and marginalized communities living in the coastal region to meaningfully participate and benefit from the KCDP project activities in a culturally appropriate way based on the existing conditions. 3.2 Description of data and information gathered • Quantitative data was obtained through the use of semi-structured questionnaires mainly to obtain socio-demographic characteristics of the Vulnerable and Marginalized population. This data which is presented in this report in the form of percentages and textual data has been used to complement what has been obtained through qualitative social assessment procedures. • Qualitative data comprised of the data obtained from the group consultative meetings based on the activities or the expected activities of the Vulnerable and Marginalized communities with regard to the various components of the project • Observational data and pictography included the information obtained through transect walks across the communities in the company of community members and the photographs that were taken depicting the land use patterns and the existing farming activities that are being undertaken by the VMGs • The information gathered: socio-demographic, information on the current practices around fishing beaches, use of mangroves, the challenges faced in fishing activities including management of fish landing beaches, suggestions on the co-management of fisheries resources by the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups and the fisheries officers. Furthermore, the information gathered included: data on the use of natural resources such as forests, conservation of wildlife activities and the potential adverse effects of restrictions on the use of forest resources and wildlife. The VMG communities also provided information on opportunities for co-management of the wildlife using a combination of Kenya Wildlife service’s and the indigenous conservation knowledge. Social Assessment Report Page 11 In addition, the VMG communities provided information on the existing livelihood activities being undertaken and the suggestions on possible alternative livelihoods activities that they would be willing to undertake if they were supported by KCDP. 3.3 Stakeholders and Institutional Analysis The social assessment did not find many stakeholders currently working with the VMG communities. However, there were few NGOs that had worked on a one-off basis among these communities and do not have current running projects within the VMG communities. These institutions do not therefore have running interests among the VMGs. These included: A Rocha Kenya which helped to construct Mida Creek as a tourist attraction site among the Watha of Dabaso, Watamu Marine Reserve, National Museums of Kenya under which the Shimoni Slave Cave and the colonial D.C’s residence are managed. The National Museums of Kenya (NMK) has not however initiated any work or exerted its presence at the Shimoni slave cave or the colonial D.C’s residence. However, since the slave cave and the colonial D.C’s residence are registered under the ownership of the NMK, it is a requirement that the interests of NMK are recognized on any work KCDP might be carried out in these two historical sites. Another Stakeholder is the Red Cross which sponsored horticultural farming in Bombi village Chakama location in Kilifi County and has since left. There are other Community Based Organizations within the VMGs who were consulted. A list of these Community Based Organisations has been put in the annex one of this report. However, in terms of stakeholder and institutional analysis, the few NGOs who have worked and left the VMG communities do not have present interests to pursue and the initiation of sub-projects within these communities is unlikely to elicit conflicts of interest with these NGOs since they do not stand to lose anything. This leaves the Community Based Organizations within the VMGs as winners in the entire situation. However, there other institutions such as the county governments in the counties where KCDP sub-projects will operate. The county governments have interests in the development activities in the counties and we advice that such interests be incorporated into the development plans. Moreso, KCDP should strive to align the suggested sub-projects with the County Integrated Development Plans (CIDPs) for sustainability after the KCDP closes down. 3.3.1 Group Formations /Institutions (stakeholder and institutional analysis) Group formation and dynamics are important prerequisite for community empowerment in regards to poverty reduction and wealth creation through benefits that accrue from collective bargaining. Additionally, group organization can be used as an effective vehicle for project implementation. This is more so where groups can play the role of local resource mobilization in relation to micro-financing, for example, formation of village table banking or as conduit for facilitating the disbursement of donor funds. Some of the groups/Associations and government agencies identified during VMG consultation process and their activities are presented in annex I and II: It emerged during the Social Assessment Report Page 12 consultation process that group formation permeates the lives of the VMGs in the coastal region and that such groups can be utilized as avenues for implementing development activities and change in a culturally appropriate way that is also conducive to the lives of the VMGs. However, these groups need to be fully involved in the process of designing VMG action plans for them to fully participate in their implementation. The registered groups from these communities shall be screened and vetted for their suitability to implement projects for the VMGs through consultations with the clan elders and during community and stakeholders forums for the finalization of the action plans. This social assessment has shown that there are different institutions or groupings in each of the VMGs with interests which might compete for control of resources when KCDP launches the various sub-projects. These groups are listed at the annex one of this report. In addition to the community based groups identified during the consultative meetings, there are other established groupings with wider coverage and special interests in the activities taking place within the VMGs particularly -the Watta community. For instance, the Masowat Education and Environmental Project in Kwale and Centre for Minority Development of Kenya among the Watta in Kilifi and Taita Taveta counties claim to advocate for the rights of the larger Watta communities at the Coast. These institutions operating at different levels among the VMG communities can be a potential barrier to successful implementation of the sub-projects and a source of conflicts at community level. This scenario needs to be carefully evaluated at the planning stage of the sub-activities through a careful consultation at community level to eliminate any source of conflict between these two groupings. On the other hand, these two groupings if carefully consulted and included in the design of the sub-projects can provide better opportunities for initial project buy-in at community level and successful implementation of the KCDP sub-projects with proper participation of the local institutions. The use of traditional structures among the VMGs can be useful in moderating the operations of these different institutions. An important constraint noted in all these local institutions is inadequate capacity in conflict resolutions and group dynamics. The design considerations for sub-projects with the involvement of these institutions can therefore be promoted through a careful validation of the choices of these institutions at the community levels where their operations and membership are well known, the integration of the traditional structures of authority within the project design and the training of the different stakeholders within these institutions and the traditional authority in conflict resolutions and group dynamics. This integrated approach to the project design should also be used for training in the monitoring and evaluation of the project activities involving these institutions in a culturally appropriate way. Social Assessment Report Page 13 3.4 Process of free, prior, and informed consultation with the affected and informed consultation with the affected VMGs The consultative meetings were conducted following the process of free, prior and informed consultations with VMGs representative in five counties according to OP4.10. This process began with screening of the VMGs before the firm identified VMG community members in each village and informed them of the impending data collection process and the consultative meetings to be held in their communities. The process of screening was also based on the information already documented in the communities and their areas of residence. The process of screening was started before commencement of the VMG household survey. Furthermore, the provisions of the OP 4.10 have been considered together with the World Bank’s Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) which describes the types of programs and sub-projects that are likely to be supported, the plan for carrying out social assessment for such programs, framework for free, prior and informed consultations, the need to clearly document the potential positive and adverse effects of the proposed project on indigenous populations, institutional arrangements for screening project supported activities, evaluating their effects on Indigenous Peoples, monitoring and reporting arrangements including mechanisms and benchmarks appropriate to the project, preparation of vunerable and marginalize groups plans (VMGPs) and addressing any grievances and disclosure arrangements for social assessment and VMGPs. The village elders were identified through the social development officers and the civic society representatives such as Masowat Education and Environmental Project in Kwale and Centre for Minority Development of Kenya among the Watta in Kilifi and Taita Taveta counties were instrumental in screening and identifying the households to be visited during the survey and later VMG representatives to participate in the consultative meetings. Further screening was done before the commencement of the consultative meetings by asking the identification questions based on information obtained from literature review to ensure that all the participants were VMG representatives. Furthermore, the research team made prior visits to the VMG communities for participatory planning of the consultative meetings and informed the local administration including the chiefs, their assistants and village elders about the purpose of the intended visits and the information that is expected to be collected from the community members one week before the actual visit. The participants were invited by the village elders for each village after being briefed on the criteria and the types of groups to be interviewed. The meeting venues were selected by the VMG representatives themselves. They included: the community meeting venues such as the churches, chiefs’ camps, homes, open fields within the community which the community felt were appropriate for such consultations, schools, cultural centres and some open grounds for some communities. The main language of moderating the consultations was Kiswahili which all the VMG representatives agreed they were competent in. Social Assessment Report Page 14 The representatives of the community organizations belonging to the VMGs were invited to participate in the consultative meetings in communities where such organizations exist. Thus, the actual VMG consultative meetings were held with communities that had prior information on the purpose of the intended consultations. 3.5 Socio-Economic Profile of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities 3.5.1 Distribution of the Surveyed Population by Gender Gender differentiation is often associated with division of labour and socio-economic roles played in livelihood acquisition. The analysis of the surveyed population by gender and by counties is as illustrated in the Table 2 Below. Majority of the respondents in Kilifi (50%), Kwale (52%) and Tana River (54%) were females while those in Taita Taveta (53%) and Lamu (54%) were males. Table 2: Distribution of Survey Population Gender Gender County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Project Area Taveta Male 103(49.8%) 169(48.1% 111(52.6%) 141(54.2%) 96(46.4%) 620(50.2%) Female 104(50.2% 182(51.9%) 100(47.4%) 119(45.8%) 111(53.5%) 616(49.8%) Total 207(100%) 351(100% 211(100%) 260(100%) 207(100%) 1236(100%) However, in the overall project area the proportion difference in terms of gender was not significant. This was corroborated by the active participation of both genders during VMGs consultation process. This could be attributed to the increased level of gender empowerment within the counties in the project area. 3.5.2 Marital Status Table 3 below summarizes the marital status of surveyed VMGs respondents in the project area. In situations where couples work together, better social and financial capital would be achieved. Therefore civil status is an important determinant of resource mobilization. Analysis of field data revealed that in overall, monogamously married respondents were 52 percent, polygamous (7%), single (30%), widowed (7.2 percent), and separated and divorced (2%). Table 3: Marital Status of the Respondents Marital County Overall Status Kilifi Kwale Taita Taveta Lamu Tana River Project Area Married 120(58%) 112(33.3% 88(41.9%) 127(83%) 60(78%) 507(51.6%) Monogamous Married 18(8.7%) 27(8.0%) 11(5.2%) 5(3.3%) 8(10.5%) 69(7%) polygamous Single 28(13.5%) 165(49.1% 91(43.3%) 7(4.6%) 4(5.3% 295(30%) Separated 10(4.8%) 3(.9% 2(1.0 0 0 15(1.5%) Divorced 9(2.7% 5(3.3%) 1(1.3% 15(1.5%) Social Assessment Report Page 15 Marital County Overall Status Kilifi Kwale Taita Taveta Lamu Tana River Project Area Widowed 25(12.1%) 17(5.1% 18(8.6 8(5.2%) 3(3.9%) 71(7.2%) Widower 6(2.9) 3(.9% 1(0.7%) 0 10(1%) Total 207(100) 336(100% 210(100%) 153(100%) 76(100%) 982(100%) Additionally, the results by county indicated that there was strong presence of single parenthood in Kwale and Taita Taveta at 49.1 and 43.3 percent respectively. In overall, there was strong family presence in Kilifi, Lamu and Tana River. This could be attributed to religious affiliation 3.5.3 Level of Education Education ensures the population is empowered both socio economically and politically so that they can participate in gainful activities and make informed decisions. The results in the Table 4 below show that over eighty (80) percent of VMGs household members had attained primary education followed by secondary education at 8 per cent, post-secondary education (1%) and University Education (0.1 %). This result was corroborated by the response from participants during VMG consultation process. Table 4 Level of Education Attained Level of attained County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Project Taveta Area None 89(43.0%) 131(38.2%) 63(29%) 139(56.3%) 76(38.4%) 498(41.1%) Primary 105(50.7%) 165(48.1%) 139(64.1%) 96(38.9%) 101(51%) 606(50%) Secondary 13(6.3%) 41(12.0%0 13(6.0%) 10(4%) 18(9.1%) 95(7.8%) Post-Secondary 3(.9%) 1(.5%) 3(1.5%) 7(0.6%) Vocational 1(.5%) 5(0.4%) Training University 3(.9%) 2(0.8%) 1(0.1%) Total 207(100.0%) 343(100%) 217(100%) 247(100%) 198(100%) 1212(100%) This could be attributed to lack of schools in the areas occupied by VMGs and high of level poverty among VMGs as well as discrimination of VMGs in awarding of bursary and scholarship in Constituency Development Fund (CDF) offices and other government related offices as was mentioned in the consultative Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Hence there is need for a bursary scheme targeting vulnerable and marginal groups in the project area and improvement of the existing institutions as well as building more to ensure quality and access to education. 3.5.4 Occupation of the Household Members Source of livelihood is often considered an important determinant of socio economic status of a household. The more lucrative in terms of income, and the higher the number of sources of livelihood household head can engage in, the higher the welfare utilities enjoyed by the various households. Data analyzed showed that the majority of the household members are small scale farmers who are cultivating their own land or family land across the counties. Social Assessment Report Page 16 The distribution of small scale farmers by county was as follows: Kilifi (62.7%), Taita Taveta (49.1%), Lamu (37.1%), Tana River (31.1%) and Kwale (30.6%). Social Assessment Report Page 17 Table 5: Occupation of household Members Occupation County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Taveta Lamu Tana River Project Area No occupation 9(4.1%) 62(20.4%) 7(3.2%) 64(26.4%) 12(6.3%) 154(13.1%) Cultivates own land or 90(37.2%) 59(31.1%) 487(41.4%) 136(62.7%) 93(30.6%) 109(49.1%) family land Hunting and gathering 1(.5%) 10(3.3%) 9(4.1%) 11(4.5%) 12(1%) Unpaid domestic work 7(3.2%) 2(.7%) 1(.5%) 15(6.2%) 28(14.7%) 69(5.9%) Other none paid work 13(1.1%) Casual paid work 34(15.7%) 44(14.5%) 38(17.1%) 10(4.1%) 20(10.5%) 158(13.4%) Unable to work 14(6.5% 87(28.6%) 52(23.4%) 22(9.1%) 69(36.3%) 248(21.1%) Other specify 11(5.1) 6(2%) 4(1.8% 26(10.7%) 1(0.5%) 26(2.2%) 89 5(2.3 2(.9%) 4(1.7%) 1(0.5%) 8(0.7%) Total 217(100%) 304(100%) 222(100%) 242(100%) 190(100%) 1175(100%) These results indicated that VMGs have shifted traditional occupation of hunting and gathering to subsistence farming. This result was corroborated by the response from participants during VMG consultation process. This could be attributed to restriction of access to the forest by the government of Kenya. However, there was no evidence of efforts to promote subsistence farming which is the mainstay of the VMGs or alternative livelihood strategies that could support such communities to adapt to a settled life that is not dependent on utilization of natural resources in a culturally appropriate way. Furthermore, this data shows that there is still a small proportion (1%) of VMGs who are still dependent on hunting and gathering for survival. 3.5.5 VMGs Economic Status When the respondents were asked to compare their economic status with other families in their community, the results were as presented in the Table 6 below. Majority of respondents indicated that their economic status was below average in the project area. The proportion of respondents whose economy was below average by county was as follows: Kilifi (80%), Kwale (76%), Lamu (66%), Taita Taveta (47%) and Tana River (36%). Table 6: Comparison of VMG households’ economic status and other general population households in the community Item description County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Project Taveta Area Below average 86(80.4%) 63(75.9%) 37(46.8%) 61(66.3%) 17(36.2%) 306(75.7%) Average 21(19.6%) 19(22.9%) 24(30.4%) 23(25%) 30(63.8%) 75(18.6%) Above average 1(1.2%) 18(22.8%) 8(8.7%) 23(5.7%) Total 107(100%) 83(100%) 79(100%) 92(100%) 47(100%) 404(100%) The proportion of respondents that indicated economic status above average was the least across all the counties. When the respondents were further asked how they would rate their household income level based on their expenses, the results were as illustrated in the Table7 below. The proportion of respondents indicated that their income usually not enough to cover important household expenses by county were: Kilifi (87%), Kwale (87%), Taita Taveta (93%), Lamu (94%) and Tana River (60%). This indicates that poverty level among VMGs communities in the project area is extremely high. Social Assessment Report Page 18 Table 7: Household Income Level based on their Expenses, Item description County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Project Taveta Area Usually not enough to cover 86(93.5%) 28(59.6%) 375(92.6%) 93(86.9%) 69(87.3%) 74(92.5%) important household expense Just enough to cover 1(1.1%) 19(40.4%) 29(7.2%) important household 14(13.1%) 10(12.7%) 5(6.3%) expenses Usually have some left after 5(5.4%) 1(0.2%) important household expenses Total 107(100%) 79(100%) 1(1.3%) 92(100%) 47(100%) 405(100%) 3.5.7 Household Environment The physical characteristic of a shelter in which a household member lives is an important determinant of the socio economic status of household member, especially household head. It can also be used as an indicator of the vulnerability of household. The proportion of sampled respondents that had hut dwellings with earth floor, thatch roofs, wall type made of mud, and poor condition was the highest across the counties. The illustration by county is presented in the Table 8 below. Majority (76%) of the houses in the five counties where VMGs live are hut type. The houses have floors made of earth material as the main flooring materials at 71 per cent. On roofing, thatch grass was the main roofing materials at 66 per cent. Table 8: House Type and Construction Materials Item Description County Overall House Type House type Kilifi Kwale T Taveta Lamu Tana River Maisonnettes 2(1.9%) 1(1.1%) 9(2.2%) Bungalow 1(1.5%) 3(3.8%) 9(9.8%) 25(6.2%) Flats 7(1.7%) Dormitory 7(10.8% 18(22.8%) 4(4.3%) 3(7%) 21(5.2%) Hut 105(98.1%) 57(87.7% 22(27.8%) 78(84.8%) 40(93% 306(75.7% ) Other specify 36(45%) 36(8.9%) Total 107(100%) 65(100%) 79(100%) 92(100%) 43(100%) 404(100%) Material for the Main House Floor Earth 99(92.5%) 63(79.7%) 68(86.1%) 91(98.9%) 43(91.5%) 284(71.1% ) Semi-permanent 5(4.7%) 13(16.6% 6(7.6%) 1(1.1%) 1(2.1%) 109(26.9% ) Permanent 3(2.8%) 3(3.8%) 5(6.3%) 3(6.4%) 8(2%) Total 107(100%) 79(100%) 79(100%) 92(100%) 47(100%) 405(100%) Type of Roof Thatch roof 82(75.9%) 53(67.1%) 5(6.3%) 90(97.8%) 27(57.4%) 328(65.5% Social Assessment Report Page 19 Item Description County Overall House Type House type Kilifi Kwale T Taveta Lamu Tana River ) Corrugated metal 26(24.1%) 26(32.9%) 74(93.7% 2(2.2%) 19(40.4%) 173(34.5% roof ) Mud, sand, 1(2.1%) plastic/stone Total 108(100%) 79(100%) 79(100%) 92(100%) 47(100%) 501(100%) General Condition of House Good 1(0.9%) 6(7.6%) 7(14.9%) 7(1.4%) Fair 31(29%) 25(31.5%) 45(57 %) 49(53.3%) 24(51.1%) 76(15.1%) Poor 75(70.1%) 54(68.4%) 28(35.4%) 43(46.7%) 16(34%) 419(82.5% ) Total 107(100%) 79(100%) 79(100%) 92(100%) 47(100%) 502(100%) On general conditions, most of the houses were characterized as poor at 83 per cent, on the basis of the analysis and observation; the high number of VMGs living in the hut type houses was attributed to high levels of poverty in the project area. 3.5.8 Household Item Ownership The availability of durable consumer goods is a useful indicator of a household’s socioeconomic status. Moreover, particular goods have specific benefits. For instance, having access to a radio or a television exposes household members to innovative ideas; a refrigerator prolongs the wholesomeness of foods; and a means of transport allows greater access to many services away from the local area. The analysis revealed bed was the most owned item in the project area, followed by chair/bench/ sofa and tables. The proportion of bed ownership by county was as follows: Kilifi (95 per cent), Taita Taveta (89 per cent), Kwale (82 per cent), Tana River (72 per cent) and Lamu (48 percent); Chair/bench/sofa: Taita Taveta (77 per cent), Kilifi (71 per cent), Kwale (54 per cent), Tana river (49percent) and Lamu (35 percent); table: Taita Taveta (62 per cent), Kilifi (55 per cent), Tana river (49 per cent), Kwale (44 per cent) and Lamu (17 per cent). Table 9: Household Item Ownership Item Description County Kilifi Kwale Taita Taveta Lamu Tana River Bed 101(95) 65(82%) 65(89%) 44(48%) 34(72%) Chair/bench/sofa 75(71%) 43(54%) 56(77%) 32(35%) 23(49% Table 58(55%) 34(44%) 45(62%) 16(17%) 19(40% Cupboard 11(10%) 5(6%) 7(10%) 2(2%) 8(17% Working radio 28(26%) 23(29%) 20(27%) 20(22%) 29(62%) Cassette/CD Player 2(3%) 4(1.6%) 5(2.9%) 5(11%) Working TV 2(2%) 2(3%) 7(2.8%) 1(1%) 3(6.4%) Stove/cooker 1(1%) 5(6%) 2(3%) 0(0%) 1(2.1%) Bicycle 21(20%) 25(32% 14(20%) 8(9%) 15(32%) Motorcycle 5(5%) 7(3.3%) 4(6%) 3(3%) 4(8.5%) Refrigerators 0(0%) 1(0.5%) 0(0% 1(1%) 1(2.1%) Other specify 1(1%) 0(0%) 0(100%) 3(2.1%) The least owned items were: refrigerators, stove/cooker, working TV, cassette/CD players and motor cycle. The frequency of ownership by county was follow: refrigerators; Tana River (2 per cent), Lamu (1 per cent), Kwale (1 per cent), Taita Taveta (0 percent) and Kilifi Social Assessment Report Page 20 (0 percent); stove/cooker: Kwale (6per cent), Taita Taveta (3 per cent), Tana River (2 per cent), Kilifi (1 per cent) and Lamu (0 percent); Working TV: Tana River (6 percent), Kwale (3 per cent), Taita Taveta (3percent) Kilifi (1 per cent) and Lamu (0 per cent) and Motor cycle: Tana River (9 per cent), Taita Taveta (6 per cent), Kilifi (5 percent), Kwale and Lamu (3 percent). 3.5.9 Access to Services Table 10 provides information on services being accessed by VMGs across the five counties in the project area. The proportion of respondents having access to Nursery schools and primary school is over seventy (70) percent across all the counties. With regards to secondary school, the proportion of VMGs that had access to secondary school was over fifty (50) percent in all the counties except to Lamu. Table 10: Household access to services Services County Kilifi Kwale Taita Taveta Lamu Tana River Nursery School 107(100%) 72(94%) 78(89%) 89(98%) 42(93%) Primary School 107(100%) 75(97%) 77(98%) 64(70%) 43 (96%) Secondary School 79(74%) 44(57%) 71(90%) 25(28%) 39(87%) Health Clinic 74(69%) 61(79%) 66(84%) 33(36%) 31(69%) Hospital 46 (43%) 36(47%) 19(24%) 9(10%) 27(60%) Mortuary 4(4%) 34(44%) 18(23%) 0(0%) 0(0%) Community/ Social Hall 21(20%) 21(27%) 28(35%) 0(0%) 16(36%) Market 80(75%) 22(29%) 30(38%) 17(19%) 16(36%) Shop/ Shopping Centre 63(59%) 66(86%) 64(81%) 22(24%) 22(48%) College/ Higher Education 1(1%) 1(1%) 20(25%) 0(0%) 4(9%) Postal Services 9(8%) 17(22%) 18(23%) 0(0%) 5(11%) Fire Rescue Services (2%) 0(0%) 18(23%) 0(0%) 0(0%) Police Station 18(17%) 33(56%) 29(37%) 18(20%) 21(47%) Chief's Office 64(60%) 69(89%) 61(77%) 21(23%) 42(93%) All Weather Road 36(34%) 55(71%) 44(56%) 24(26%) 7(16%) The least accessed services by the VMGs across all the counties in the project area include college/higher education, postal services, fire rescue services, and mortuary. This result was corroborated by the response from participants during VMG consultation process. Limited access to college /higher education could be attributed to high levels of poverty among VMGs and discrimination of VMGs when it comes to awarding bursary by the local committees where they are not represented, while postal services, fire rescue services and mortuary are due to inability of the government to provide services. 3.5.10 Household source of Energy Table 11 presents types of energy sources used by VMGs households in the project area. The main sources of energy in the VMGs households in project area include; natural gas, kerosene, charcoal and firewood/straw. The proportion of VMGs households using firewood/straw was the highest at 71 per cent, followed by kerosene at 12 percent and charcoal at 10 percent natural gas was the least use source of energy at 2.3 per cent. Social Assessment Report Page 21 Table 11: Types of fuel household mainly use for cooking Energy Sources County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Taveta Natural gas 1(0.8%) 10(2.3%) Kerosene 2(2.2%) 1(0.8%) 47(31.5%) 7(9.1%) 57(12%) Charcoal 3(2.9%) 13(14.6%) 40(33.3%) 11(7.4%) 36(46.8%) 44(10.2%) Firewood/ straw 101(97.1%) 74(83.1% 78(65%) 91(61.1%) 34(44.2%) 351(71.4%) Total 104(100%) 89(100%) 120(100%) 149(100%) 77(100%) 431(100%) Based on the analysis above, the project should promote the establishment of woodlots to ensure is constant and sustainable supply of firewood. 3.5.11 Religious Affiliation When the respondents were asked to state their household religious affiliation, the results are as presented in the table below. The analysis revealed that households with Christian affiliation were predominant in Kilifi (90 percent) and Taita Taveta (96%) county while households with Islamic affiliation were predominant in Lamu (100%), Tana River (98%) and Kwale (70%). Table 12: Religion Affiliation Religion County Overall Project Kilifi Kwale Taita Taveta Lamu Tana River Area Christian 95(89.6%) 24(30% 74(96%) 102(24.9%) Islam 9(8.5%) 56(70%) 92(100%)) 46(98% 70(17%) No religion 1(0.9%) 2(3%) 1(2%) 131(32%) Watha religion 1(1%) 63(15%) Traditional religion 42(10.3%) Total 106(100%) 80(100%) 77(100%) 92(100%) 47(100%) 409(100%) Other forms of religious affiliation mentioned though not substantial included Watha and other traditional religions. 3.5.12 Mode of Transport When respondents were asked the mode of transport they use to get to places of work /business, the responses were as illustrated in the Table 13 below. The frequency of the respondents walking to work/business places was the highest across the entire project area. This was followed by those who indicated that they use bicycle to work and business places. The proportion of the respondents who indicated that they walk to the work/business places was as follows: Kilifi (95 percent), Taita Taveta (87 percent), Lamu (84 percent), Tana River (45 percent) and Kwale (41percent). The least mode of transport mentioned were: public service vehicle (PSV), hand cart, boat and ferry. Social Assessment Report Page 22 Table 13: Mode of transport use to get to place of work/business Mode of County Overall Transport Project Area Kilifi Kwale Taita Taveta Lamu Tana River Walk 100(95.2%) 75(41.4%) 78(86.7%) 96(84.2%) 42(45.2%) 303(64.9%) Bicycle 3(2.9%) 28(13.8%) 3(2.7%) 18(1.1%) 134(28.7%) Motor cycle 2(1.9%) 30(22.1%) 4(4.4% 5(4.4%) 27(29%) 4(0.9%) Private car 1(0.6%) 1(1.1%) 10(8.8%) 3(3.2%) 11(2.4%) PSV 29(16%) 7(7.8%) 1(0.9%) 2(0.4%) Animal 1(1.1%) 10(2.1%) Handcart 2(2.2%) 3(0.6%) Boat 9(5%) Ferry 2(1.1%) Total 105(100%) 181(100% 90(100%) 114(100%) 93(100%) 467(100%) The high number of respondents walking to their work / business places in the VMGs living areas was attributed to lack of road infrastructure and motorized transport. This was authenticated during VMGs consultation process where participants complained bitterly over lack of road infrastructure. 3.5.13 Household Source of Domestic Water Safe domestic water is a basic necessity for good health. Unsafe domestic water can be a significant carrier of diseases such as trachoma, cholera, typhoid, and Shistosomiasis. Drinking water can also be contaminated with chemical, physical and radiological contaminants that have potential harmful effects on human health. In addition to its association with diseases, access to safe domestic water may be particularly important for women and children, especially in rural areas, who bear the primary responsibility for carrying water, often for long distances. Baseline results were as shown Table 14 below. The frequency of households using borehole/spring/well as their main source of water for drinking was the highest in Kilifi (65%) and, Taita Taveta (76%). The category of those who use rain water collection as the main source of water for domestic use was highest in Tana River (64%), Kwale (49%) and Lamu (36%). Other sources of water in the project area, though insignificant include pipe, pond/river/lake water, and tanker vender. Table 14: The Main Source of Domestic Water in Household Main Source County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Project Taveta Area Piped 3(2.9%) 1(1%) 1(1.3%) 9(6.4%) 2(4.3%) 5(2.3%) Borehole/ 69(65.1%) 26(25.7%) 60(75.9%) 23(16.3%) 12(25.5% 133(60.5%) spring/ well Rainwater 11(10.5%) 49(48.5%) 7(8.9) 50(35.5%) 30(63.8%) 27(12.3%) collection Pond, river or 13(12.4%) 16(15.8%) 2(2.5%) 33(23.4%) 32(14.5%) lake Tanker, vendor 9(8.6%) 9(8.9%) 1(1.3%) 26(18.4%) 3(6.4%) 10(4.5%) Social Assessment Report Page 23 Main Source County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Project Taveta Area Other 8(10.1%) 11(5%) Total 105(100%) 101(100%) 79(100%) 141(100%) 47(100%) 220(100%) The average distance to the main source of water was estimated to 276, 1310, 980, 1100 and 1340 meters from households in Kilifi, Taita Taveta, Tana River, Kwale and Lamu in that order. Findings from FGDs conducted with VMGs indicate that water is the major challenge in the project area. VMGs rely mainly on borehole/open well and spring/river/ponds which frequently dry up during dry seasons. Scarcity of water among these populations is also a barrier to irrigation agriculture which has high potential in the areas occupied by the VMGs in the project area. 3.5.14 Household Access to Sanitation Ensuring adequate sanitation facilities is a Millennium Development Goal that Kenya shares with other countries. A household is classified as having an improved toilet if the toilet is used only by members of one household (i.e., it is not shared) and if the facility used by the household separates the waste from human contact (WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, 2004).When the respondents were asked to state the kind of toilets they use, the results were as indicated in Table 15 below. The frequency of households using open field defecation in project area was highest in Lamu and Kwale at 61.5 and 57 percent respectively. The respondents that stated use of pit latrines in the same situ was highest in Kilifi, Tana River and Taita Taveta at 53, 62 and 95 percent in that order. Other types of toilets mentioned but not prominent in the project flash latrine/toilet and flush toilet. Table 15: Toilet Facility Household Use Toilet Facilities County Overall Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Project Area Taveta Open field 50(46.7%) 38(57.6%) 3(3.8%) 67(61.5%) 17(36.2%) 187(44.4%) Pit latrine 57(53.3% 27(40.9%) 76(95%) 42(38.5%) 29(61.7% 231(54.9%) Flash latrine/ Toilet 1(1.5%) 1(1.3%) 1(2.1%) 2(0.5%) Flush Toilet 1(0.2%) Total 107(100%) 66(100%) 80(100.0%) 109(100% 47(100%) 421(100%) This could be attributed to lack of community sensitization on the danger of using open field, for human was disposal, high cost of pit latrine construction and community migratory life styles. 3.6 Maps of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Area Carrying out an inventory /screening and mapping of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMG) in the operation areas revealed that key VMGs operating in the project area are: Kwale: Watha , Wakifundi and Wachwaka; Kilifi: Watha ; Taita Taveta: Watha ; Tana River: Malakote/Wailuana, Munyoyaya and Watha ; Lamu: Wasaanye and Aweer/Boni. Detailed Map of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMG) operation areas are shown below. Social Assessment Report Page 24 Map of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMG) operation 3.7. Historical and Contextual Information on the VMGs at the Kenyan Coast The level of education among the VMGs is generally low and a hindrance to effective flow of information as well as negatively affecting their participation in development activities. The low levels of education has made it difficult for the majority of the VMG communities to access formal employment and therefore many do not have any regular source of income. This has made the surrounding communities who are better educated to dominate over them while the VMG communities see themselves as inferior and refers to them as “jamii duni wenye wamejitenga” to mean discriminated communities that live in isolation. These feelings of isolation and inferiority have escalated their lack of access to and participation to development initiatives that are targeted to the communities in which they live. Social Assessment Report Page 25 In Kenyan Coastal region, the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMGs) inhabit areas that are far from urban centers where there are facilities and infrastructure that can provide them with basic services such as schools, markets, health facilities, power supply lines among others. In fact, some of the VMG communities in the coastal region do not have mobile phone services network, making communication to be very difficult in terrains without road network. They live next to the forests due to the fact that their livelihoods traditionally depended on utilization of natural resources through hunting of wild games as well as gathering fruits and honey from such forests. They are characterized by lack of employment as well facing discrimination from the dominant communities that they neighbour. This consultancy made informed consultations with the various Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (VMGs) living at the Kenyan coast whose socio-economic profiles are described below: The Watha The Watha is one of the recognized minority and marginalized groups in Kenya and do not constitute a homogenous community. They are associated with the Oromo groups of Eastern Africa. They live in scattered territorial groups along the Tana and Galana rivers, Taru Desert in eastern Kenya, Kilifi, Kwale, Taita Taveta and Lamu counties on the Kenyan coast, in Isiolo, Mandera and Marsabit counties of northern Kenya, and in parts of southern, central and western Ethiopia, as well as on the shores of Lake Tana in Tana River County. The Watha people of Tana and coastal region were originally from Shungwaya who then settled in Iwizoon of the banks of the Tana River where they are currently settled within Lamu, Tana River and Kilifi counties. The community is made up of 7 clans: Walunku, Wamanka, Ebalawa, Ilam, Digilima, Simtumi, and Radhotu – speaking in sharp dialects that can compare to Xhosa in South Africa. In Isiolo County, the population of Watha community is said to be between 2,000 - 3,000 people settled in Isiolo South and North constituencies, with a larger majority coming from Isiolo South constituency. Their traditional livelihood was dependent on subsistence hunting and gathering. The criminalization of subsistence hunting of wildlife by the Kenyan government led to a loss of livelihood, economic disenfranchisement and political disempowerment as compared to the dominant ethnic groups in which they sought refuge when they became the main target of the anti-poaching campaign. The Watha living in the Coast are currently confined next to the forests on which they have traditionally depended for firewood, charcoal, harvesting of honey and fruits for subsistence purposes. Social Assessment Report Page 26 They currently complain of being marginalized in the conservation of natural resources including wildlife and other forest resources in their midst. Their main religion is Watha although they are Islamic. The Watha have in the past complained of their inability to register their own indigenous community based groups or organizations (CBOs) because of the legal hurdles which portray such registered groups to be tribal and yet they desire to retain their unique identity as Watha among the dominant neighbouring ethnic groups. Boni/Aweer The Aweer are a remnant hunter-gatherer group living along the Kenyan coast in Lamu County on the mainland. In the last 30 years, the Aweer have faced very difficult times. In 1967, their homeland became battle field in the war between Kenya and Somalia. In Kenya today, they are a vulnerable group, struggling to survive. Traditionally, they depend on their elders for leadership and do not normally meet for village discussion. There are some men who have more than one wife, and each wife has her own house in which she lives with her children. The husband does not have his own home but lives with each wife periodically. The Aweer have a population of 8,000 and are located in the Coast region, in Lamu, and Tana River Counties in forests. These figures are quoted from the 2009 Kenya Population and Household Census KNBS page 397. Livelihood: Hunters and Gatherers. They are indigenous hunter/gatherers famous for their longbows and poison arrows. The Aweer are often referred to - and even sometimes refer to themselves - as the "Boni". Considered by some as pejorative, Boni is based on the Swahili word "kubuni" which means 'to move', in reference to their proclivity, historically, to move around in pursuit of their livelihoods, rather than settle in one place. The lives of the Aweer were drastically changed when the Kenyan government curtailed their traditional way of life as a response to the insecurity of the region after the Shifta War (1963–1967), forcing them to settle in villages along the Hindi-Kiunga Road on Government Land between the Boni National Reserve and the Dodori National Reserve while adopting slash and burn agriculture. They are nomadic hunter-gatherer tribe of mainly Cushitic origin with a unique characteristic. The community sources their subsistence from forest products such as honey, wild plants/fruits for consumption and medicinal purposes. The Boni people are known for their unique tradition of whistling to birds that guide them to honey. The Boni are found in the North-Eastern part of Lamu County. They are concentrated mainly in Witu, Hindi and Kiunga divisions. The community is located in villages of Bargoni (Hindi Division), Milimani, Bodhei, Basuba, Mangai, Mararani, Kiangwe and Kiunga (Kiunga division), Pandanguo and Jima (Witu Division). The Boni live in forested areas of Lamu County within Witu and Boni forests. They perceive the forest in the Boni inhabited areas as communally theirs. However, with the gazettement of all the forest by the government this has become a source of conflict. This community still depends on fruits and honey from the Witu and Boni forests. Social Assessment Report Page 27 Consequently, the heightened insecurity due to terrorist activities along the Kenya-Somalia border has forced the government to restrict entrance into the forests where they obtain their food, which has further made them vulnerable. It was argued during the consultative meetings that the Boni and Aweer in Lamu County are one vulnerable and marginalized community living in Lamu County. Contrary to existing literature which portrays the Boni and Aweer as two different VMG communities, the stakeholders in the consultative meetings explained that the two are one community with an origin from Somalia. They further explained that their original name is Aweer but were later nicknamed the Boni from the Swahili word ‘Kubuni’ derived from their earlier migratory lifestyle of creating ‘kubuni’ habitats and relocating during the hunting and gathering lifestyle. Therefore, in this exercise, the Boni and Aweer are considered as one Vulnerable and Marginalized Community with similar socio-economic conditions. The Munyoyaya The Munyoyaya are a small, closely knit group of people, living in Tana River County of Kenya, North of Coast region. They claim to have come from Ethiopia, migrating southward and settling at their present home. About 20% live in Garissa County. The Munyoyaya are part of the larger Oromo group of peoples, whose heritage goes back to the 1500's in the southern Ethiopian highlands. This migration took place gradually, with the Munyoyaya settling in their current area by about 1900. The Oromo were cattle or camel-herders, but the Munyoyaya have become farmers and fishers in their life on the Tana River. The Oromo people pushed south, putting pressure on earlier Cushite of Bantu inhabitants of what are now Ethiopia and Kenya. They are a Cushite people speaking the same language as the Orma. The Munyoyaya believe that they are well known to all people even though very few Kenyans have ever heard of them. Some people call them Korokoro. They are referred to as Munyo in the 2005 edition of The Ethnologue. Like Cushitic people in Ethiopia, they practice subsistence farming on the flood plains of the Tana River growing mainly corn and bananas and occasionally fishing. They also keep livestock, though very minimally. They are reputed as a hospitable people, kind to strangers. They have very strong traditional beliefs and customs. The Munyoyaya tell a story of Boru Rooba, their leader by divine appointment, who predicted the coming of a flying canoe (aeroplane) and a canoe moving very fast on the ground (motor vehicle). He also predicted droughts and floods with exceptional insights. The Munyoyaya speak the Orma language. This language is a member of the Oromo group, in the Eastern Cushite family of Afro-Asiatic languages. The Munyoyaya claim to be politically dominated by the Garba and Orma communities within Bura constituency in Tana River County. Social Assessment Report Page 28 Wasanye Originally, Mpeketoni and its surroundings were inhabited by Swahilis called Wabajuni and a small hunting and gathering tribe by the name of Wasanye or the Sanye who are almost extinct. In the early 1970s Mpeketoni was transformed into a settlement area for landless Kenyans. Most of those who settled there were Kenyans from up country who had been living in Tanzania but decided to return home due to changing political climate. It emerged during these consultative meetings that the Saanye currently occupy the areas of Mapenya, Mkunumbi, Ndambwe, Witu and Kipini in Mpeketoni. They are currently doing subsistence farming, fishing at Kizuke beach as well as harvesting honey in the forest in the Witu forest. There has been a debate on whether the Sanye are part of the Watha community that occupies parts of Kwale, Kilifi, Tana River and Taita Taveta within the Kenyan coast. Currently, the community has three young men who have completed form four and a young girl who is now in form two. This community claims to have been dominated by the neighbouring Bajuni and the landless settlers from up country who settled in Mpeketoni area in the 1970s. Malakote/Illwana The name Malakote (meaning slave) was given to this community by the Somalis. The Somalis introduced them to Islam and made them slaves. The people today prefer to be called Ilwana (meaning free men) closely related to the Kiswahili word muunguana translated by Krapf and Cust (1882) to be "a free man". A Christian community among the Ilwana has provided refuge to Muslim Background Believers and other Christians when fighting breaks out and persecution is intense. They now live in Madogo in Tana River County along Tana River where they are now practicing farming, fishing, bee keeping and charcoal burning as a mode of livelihood. They are Islamic faithful’s mixed with animism and also believe in witchcraft. 3.8. Legal and Institutional Context of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups According to the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACHPR, 2003) document entitled “Report of the African Commission’s Working Group of Experts on Indigenous Populations (IP)/Communities”, the Indigenous Peoples (IPs) also identified as the ‘vulnerable and marginalized people’ are those populations whose cultures and ways of life differ considerably from the dominant society; are under threat, and in some cases face extinction. Their survival depends on access and rights to their lands and the natural resources; they suffer from discrimination as they are regarded as less developed and less advanced than other more dominant sectors of society and often live in inaccessible regions and suffer from various forms of marginalization, both politically and socio- economically. Social Assessment Report Page 29 Article 56 (e), the Kenyan Constitution 2010 has further recognized the rights of the minority and marginalized groups in the country by stating that “the State shall put in place affirmative action programs designed to ensure that the minorities and marginalized groups have reasonable access to water, health services and infrastructure; and participate and are represented in governance and other spheres of life respectively.” Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP) has developed the Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF) in order to comply with the World Bank’s operational policy on Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups (Indigenous Peoples) (OP 4.10). Projects developed within this framework are expected to provide opportunities and mechanisms for Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups to participate in and benefit from the project activities in their areas, through appropriately developed actions plans which are responsive to their cultural conditions. 3.9 Potential benefits of KCDP for Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups This section provides an analysis of the results obtained during the social assessment for each of the components by describing the potential benefits that the implementation of KCDP might have on the VMG communities as explained in the following sub-sections. 3.9.1 Potential benefits of Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources The Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups within the Coastal region who live within the proximity of fishing resources such as the Wakifundi in Shimoni area of Kwale county, the Watha of Dabaso within Gede in Watamu, Baraka Chembe both in Kilifi county, Saanye community in Mapenya and Boni/Aweer in Hindi and Kiunga in Lamu County are likely to benefit from the sub project on sustainable management of fisheries resources through the provision of modern fishing and storage equipments to replace the traditional fishing equipments or to enable youths who do not own such equipments to acquire them for enhanced income from fishing activities, capacity building of the Beach Management Units BMUs and the youths to enable them to acquire knowledge necessary for their participation in the co-management of fisheries resources. The VMG communities are likely to benefit from the project through the increase of fish stock for domestic use and commercial purposes thus alleviating the acute problems associated with high poverty levels that are reported elsewhere in this report. Information obtained during the visits for social assessment shows that the main occupation of these communities is fishing and tourist activities. Garden farming activities are done to supplement the income obtained from fishing and tourism. For instance, the Wakifundi in Shimoni area lamented that they are not able to harvest enough fish to sustain their livelihoods because they use traditional equipments. Other people from outside the community use modern fishing gears which they perceive to have driven fish away into the deep sea where they cannot reach using their traditional fishing equipments. A Consultative Social Assessment Report Page 30 meeting with members of Kisite Community Boat Operators showed that the youths use canoes which they borrow from locals at a fee. They however, suggested that they would be willing to assist in the co-management and sustainable utilization of fisheries resources by monitoring if fishermen in the sea are using spear guns for fishing. They argued that they can effectively perform this role if they are involved in the management alongside the fisheries officers whom they claimed are never in touch with the local community during the visits to the site. Co-management of fisheries resources by the VMG communities has the potential to benefit such community members through increased wage labour opportunities and fish stock within the ocean. The Watha of Dabaso use a fishing method known as crabbing which is a local word for collecting crabs during low-tide in the ocean. This is done due to the fact that they cannot afford the canoes and other fishing equipments that other neighbouring communities such as the Giriama could afford. They however request to be supported with dugout canoes, fishing nets, fridges and cold facilities for fish storage and marketing. This fishing community does not have a beach management unit (BMU), an indication that fishing activities in this community is underdeveloped. The Watha community in Baraka Chembe lives near Jakaranda beach. Their main livelihood is fishing but do not have modern fishing equipments. Fishing is therefore the main occupation for the youths but they only manage to fish the remains such as octopus when the sea waters have gone far during low tide hours. Fishing activities among the Saanye community in Mapenya within Lamu West sub-County are also underdeveloped. They do fishing at Kizuke beach where only five members of the VMG community are engaged in fishing. They requested for a fishing boat and fishing nets to enhance their fishing activities. The Boni/Aweer in Bargoni of Lamu county do fishing along a fishing beach called Ndununi beach which has a BMU and the Boni community are represented. Fishing activities in this beach are also not fully developed for the benefit of the surrounding Boni community. These communities are likely to benefit from the project support to enhance fishing activities by providing modern fishing equipments and improved governance of fishing activities through strengthening the participation of VMG populations in the management of fishing beaches and through capacity building efforts. In addition, this social assessment has shown that these communities lack knowledge on management of fisheries resources, the use of modern fishing methods, storage facilities and support in fish marketing. The Beach Management Unit (BMUs) need to enhance their collection of income in order to enable them improves the enforcement of BMU by-laws. They are not able to manage the beaches effectively because they do not generate enough money due to the fact that they do not harvest enough fish to make the BMU active. An observation of the beaches showed that they were dirty and unhygienic. Social Assessment Report Page 31 A discussion with officials of the Beach Management Unit (BMU) revealed the need for exchange visits to observe how other fishing communities are profitably carrying out fishing activities. However, the youths complained that only the officials of the beach management units (BMUs) are targeted for such capacity building yet the youths equally stand to benefit from such knowledge. Members of the Beach Management Units (BMUs) requested that the BMU office should be helped to create awareness about conservation and appropriate fishing gears. The management of the beaches suggested the need for capacity building of the local communities and beach management in environmental management and conservation, management and leadership skills, financial management for BMU members and fish handling, storage and marketing. Consultations with fishing communities among the VMGs revealed that quality control is still a major problem among the fishermen. This was demonstrated by unhygienic handling of fish in one of the fish landing site in Shimoni (see the picture). These activities if well implemented within the KCDP project are likely to benefit the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities and enhance their ability to earn additional income from fishing activities and at the same time sustainably manage the environment and other resources that can promote fishing and related activities within their environments. 3.9.1.1 Increasing Fish production through Muriculture (Fish/Seaweed farming) Though the fish/seaweed farming among VMGs are poorly understood and underutilized, they can create opportunities for alternative livelihoods and economic development among the vulnerable and marginalized communities. Discussions with VMGs during consultation process revealed that fish farming as an enterprise is rarely practiced yet there are some areas occupied by the VMGs that have potential for fish farming as was explained by the community representatives during the consultative meeting. This could be attributed to lack of knowledge and awareness as well as VMGs traditional livelihood technique that depended on hunting and gathering. Such a situation could further be attributed to lack of awareness and sensitization to the VMG community on the changes in their lives and the need to adopt livelihood strategies that are in pace with the new settled lifestyles and the changing environment in which they now live different from hunting and gathering lifestyle in the vast forest land. Another area in which the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities occupying areas within the proximity of fish landing beaches on the seashores and those in areas with potential for fish and seaweed farming could benefit from the project on sustainable management of fisheries resources would be the deliberate efforts to support such communities to begin fish and seaweed farming. Such a sub-project within the KCDP project would enable the VMG communities to obtain an alternative source of livelihood, enhanced income and reduce overdependence on the fishing activities within the Indian ocean where they are likely to face challenges due to lack of skills and modern technology for deep sea fishing. Social Assessment Report Page 32 The social assessment did not find evidence of any adverse effects to the VMGs with regard to the implementation of the KCDP component on Sustainable Management of Fisheries Resources in the Coastal region. 3.9.2. Potential Benefits of Sound Management of Natural Resources There are opportunities within KCDP where sound management of natural resources can benefit the VMGs. For instance, the Watha of Dabaso has a cultural site with three stones namely; Dongokundu, Dabaso and Watamu. One of these stones has been privatized. They request support to build a cultural site and be supported to brand their culture through the rehabilitation of these potential tourist sites. This community has been participating in mangrove forests management by monitoring the use of the mangroves and help to arrest those who harvest mangrove trees without authority. Among the Watha in Watamu and Dabaso, there is Watamu Marine Reserve and Mida-creek board walk (constructed by A Rocha Kenya in Dabaso) as tourist destinations in the two communities that can further be developed to benefit the VMGs living closer to the ocean shore line. Wakifundi community in Shimoni has such tourist sites as Shimoni slave cave and the colonial District Commissioner’s residence which can be used as a resource centre. The colonial District Commissioner’s residence is currently under the management of the National Museums of Kenya. The community receives income from the cave that they use to support children in schools and paying salaries for PTA teachers in those schools. Part of the income generated from the cave is used to buy food for the deaf people in the community. A key informant who is also a member of the Shimoni cave management committee suggested the need to build a wall around the cave forest to stop land grabbing by the encroachers. They also suggested that the cave should be rehabilitated to generate more income. Construction of a cave banda was suggested as another way of enhancing income generating activities due to existence of the slave cave in the community. These communities use the mangroves for eco- tourism activities such as boardwalks which are built from the mangrove trees. The local community also appreciates that mangrove trees make important fish breeding points. They are also used for building and charcoal burning. However, there are traditional structures that are used to control the use of mangroves. Social Assessment Report Page 33 The permission is first sought from the chairman of the village up to the forest officer who issues a permit allowing one to harvest mangrove trees. Anybody who flouts this regulation is prosecuted. The youths from Kisite Community boat operators stated that they do participate in monitoring the use of the mangrove trees and that the only gap in their efforts to participate in the control and management of the utilization of mangrove forests is the lack of linkage with the forest officers operating in the area. This community can therefore, benefit from the co-management efforts that can be initiated by the KCDP to allow the effective participation of the local community in the conservation of the mangrove trees. Such co-management efforts can benefit from the existing perception in the community regarding the importance of mangrove forests in the lives of community members and the local initiatives for sustainable use and conservation. The Wachwaka community in Kwale also have a big slave cave that if rehabilitated would benefit the community through creation of an opportunity for promotion of eco-tourism and to generate income. Women in these communities suggested that they can sell handcrafts in the tourist attraction centers when such centers are rehabilitated and become functional. The Watha of Kilibasi has the potential for cultural trails for tourist activities, sacred sites, caves and historical sites. Tourists are entertained by traditional dancers. Traditional dancing is performed under a women group known as Inuka part II. In addition, there are tourist camps such as Kilibasi camp and also Kilibasi hill sites. One of the income generating activities that this group hinges itself on as alternative livelihood is income earned from traditional dancing. The Watha from Kikobeni are also planning to construct a Watha cultural centre. The group activities particularly the traditional dancers collapsed because the group members felt exploited. The Watha community in Kilibasi, Maungu, Makina, Shirango and Kisimeni belong to an umbrella CBO called Masowat Education and Environmental project. This CBO has the overall responsibility of organizing cultural as well as economic activities that can benefit these communities. They also do advocacy for the rights of the Watha community. It became clear in this social assessment the VMGs can potentially benefit from the various sub-projects of KCDP which are aimed at rehabilitation and/or construction of the cultural centres and training of the identified Community Based Organisations in conflict management and group dynamics as well as efforts for co-management of mangrove forests. The sub-projects designed to promote these activities within the KCDP have the potential to uplift the living standards of these communities. 3.9.3. Potential Benefits for the Support for alternative Livelihoods Most (57.2%) of the Vulnerable and Marginalized communities who were visited in the five counties survived on farming as shown in table 8.2. They grew crops based on the suitability of the soil and climatic conditions of their surroundings. The crops grown by the VMG Social Assessment Report Page 34 communities included; maize, cassava, cow peas, pineapple, pumpkin, water melon, amaranthus, Sukuma wiki, tomatoes, pawpaw, eggplant (brinjal) among others. Some of the farming done by the VMGs was conducted under the horticultural arrangements as was observed among the Watha in Kikobeni in Kwale County, Bombi in Kilifi, and in Hamesa in Tana River. Thus, there are a number of areas where VMGs live in Kwale, Kilifi, and Taita Taveta as well as along Tana River Basin where the Watha, Munyoyaya and Waillwana/Malakote communities live that has potential for horticultural farming. There was also evidence of horticultural farming through drip irrigation among the Watha who live in Hamesa in the outskirts of Hola town within Tana River County. The area inhabited by the Saanye in Mapenya, Mkunumbi, Ndambwe, Witu, and Kipini is suitable for rice farming and communities living in such areas are currently practicing rice farming at a small scale for subsistence purposes. These areas are also good for mango farming and Cashew nuts. Such communities can benefit from enhanced farming including horticultural activities under the component of enhancement of alternative livelihood strategies within KCDP. Table 16: Main household livelihood sources for household County Source of Livelihood Kilifi Kwale Taita Lamu Tana River Overall Taveta Project Area Farming 89(78.8%) 45(34.9%) 70(65.4%) 58(85.3% 30(44.1%) 299(57.2%) ) Fishing 1(0.9%) 10(7.8%) 7(10.3%) 13(19.1% 87(16.6%) Livestock 3(2.7%) 31(24%) 11(10.3%) 1(1.5%) 11(16.1%) 48(9.2%) Handcraft 13(10.1% 1(0.9%) 1(1.5) 1(1.5%) 24(4.6%) Hunting and gathering 1(0.8%) 1(1.5%) 12(2.3%) Trading mangoes and 1(0.9%) 5(3.9%) 1(0.9%) 1(1.5%) 4(5.9%) 7(1.3%) cashew nuts Salary from employment 18(15.9%) 10(7.8%) 7(6.5%) 6(8.8%) 28(5.4%) Private business ownership 1(0.9%) 10(7.8%) 1(0.9%) 1(1.5%) 1(0.2%) Money received from 2(1.6%) 3(2.8%) 4(0.8%) relatives abroad Pension/social security 1(0.9%) 1(0.2%) Other specify 2(1.6%) 12(11.2%) 1(1.5%) 12(2.3%) Total 113(100%) 129(100% 107(100%) 68(100%) 68(100%) 523(100%) Apart from farming, VMG communities namely; Wachwaka, Watha, Munyoyaya, Waillwana and the Boni are livestock keepers. They reportedly keep goats and cattle depending on the environmental conditions of their surroundings in addition to poultry keeping for indigenous Social Assessment Report Page 35 breeds. These communities have never been sensitized on keeping the improved breeds of the chicken and goats that have comparatively high production as witnessed in other Arid and Semi-Arid areas of Kenya. An example is the keeping of improved goat breeds among the Watha of Hamesa in the outskirts of Hola town in Tana River County. Such examples can be building stones for scaling up in the other vulnerable and marginalized communities where goat keeping is done in the Coastal region. Furthermore, men in this community have started poultry farming and have been looking for support from sponsors to scale it up. Other VMG communities that can benefit from the improved poultry and goats include; Wachwaka (poultry and goat keeping), Watha in Kilibasi, Kikobeni and Shirango (Kwale) (goat keeping), Dabaso in Gede (Goats, Cattle), Mabuani (goat keeping), Chakama, (goat, cattle, poultry), Chamari (goats, cattle and sheep), Majivuno (dairy goat or improved indigenous breeding), Maungu (goats, poultry, rabbit and cattle), Kaloleni (goat keeping, dairy cows, poultry keeping), Voi, (goats and cattle), Sombo (goats, poultry and cattle), Hamesa (goats, poultry) and the Boni (goats poultry) and the Saanye. The Saanye Community currently has two registered groups namely; the Wasaanye Shekale women group and Wasaanye Shekale men group. These groups have a project for buying and distributing goats among women. They have about 25 members and almost all of them have been given goats. They sit and collect money which they use to buy goats and distribute to members through balloting. These communities stand to benefit from KCDP support to promote the rearing of improved breeds of indigenous goats and chicken. Such a sub-project can enable the communities to earn additional income from selling of the improved chicken. For instance, the Munyoyaya and Ilwaana lease the acacia trees in their land to the surrounding Somali people for their goats to feed on the pods as a source of income. These VMG communities can benefit from such a sub-project when they are supported to have their own indigenous improved goats that can feed on the pods from their acacia trees to improve milk and meat production for income instead of leasing such fodder to the neighbouring Somali people for an entire season. A possible entry point for the KCDP project is the fact that such a sub-project is built on the existing practices among the VMG communities. Another area where the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities would potentially benefit KCDP is through the support to carry out Small scale and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that is anchored on the existing SMEs activities in their villages. In this social assessment, the VMG communities suggested the need for provision of support to start or enhance small and micro enterprises to boost their income generating activities (IGA). The communities requested for credit to expand their businesses that were already in existence. Such communities included; Wachwaka in Shimoni in Kwale, Watha (Kikobeni, Kilibasi, Shirango-Kwale, Majivuno- Tezo location, Shirango Bamba, Hamesa), Munyoyaya, Illwana and the Boni in Lamu. The communities furthermore suggested to be provided with support to enhance their income from such ventures as bamboo tree planting, fruit processing plants for mangoes, oranges, passion fruits and pineapples and Industry for processing cassava products. For instance, the Social Assessment Report Page 36 Watha community in Madogo division harvest mango fruits but sell through brokers yet income from mangoes alone as a cash crop in such communities can be depended upon for a livelihood. The need to have a mango fruit processing plant was also strongly expressed among the Wachwaka in Shimoni area in Kwale County. An improvement of mango fruit farming among the VMGs in Tana River can enhance their income generating prospects. This is yet another way through which the project can benefit these communities. Bee keeping is another livelihood strategy that has been adopted by members of the Watha community in Kilibasi hill (Kwale county), Dabaso in Gede where there are bees in the mangrove forests, Mabuani in Malindi in Arabuko Sokoke forest, Bombi village in Chamari location, Majivuno village within Tezo location near Gede forest in Malindi, Shirango village in Bamba within Ganze sub-County (Kilifi county), Maungu, Kaloleni, Kajire locations within Taita Taveta County, Watha of Sombo location, Munyoyaya and Waillwana in Madogo division in Tana River County and the Boni/Aweer who survive on honey from the Boni forest. These communities can potentially benefit from KCDP sub-projects that are aimed at improving bee keeping by either training them in local bee hive making and/or provision of such modern bee hives for enhanced honey production not only for subsistence but also for income generating purposes. The VMG communities can in fact benefit from improvement of bee keeping beyond subsistence to be an income generating activity to help raise their standard of living. The communities suggested the need to be supported to engage in various alternative modes of livelihoods based on what they believed could be possible within their areas. Most of their comments were aimed at requesting the KCDP project to scale up what they already have and also to help them advance their innovative indigenous ideas. For instance the Watha in Bombi village requested to be helped to rehabilitate a collapse bridge on river Galana which has made it difficult for their children to cross over and attend a primary school across. The children and other adults crossing the river are constantly attacked by crocodiles. Many children do not attend school in Bombi village due to this threat in their lives. The Saanye community who has suggested to be supported to do farming can potentially harvest rain water from the roof top of the only nursery school in the community- The Saanye Shekale nursery school. Social Assessment Report Page 37 3.10 Potential adverse impact of KCDP on VMGs and suggested Mitigation Measures 3.10.1 Potential adverse impact of KCDP on VMGs The Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities who were visited during this social assessment to a large extent depend on natural resources such as the forests and their products as well as the existence of wildlife. This social assessment has shown that the majority of the members of these communities depend on firewood and charcoal both for subsistence and for income generating activities. Others depend on honey and fruits within these forests for subsistence purposes. These communities have a very strong attachment to the forests because their immediate past livelihood entirely depended on the forest and wildlife resources. They therefore believe that if the forest resources including the wild animals within them are depleted then their communities would face extinction. They explained that they have historically used their indigenous knowledge to conserve wildlife and natural resources. The fencing of the forests and declaration of hunting and gathering fruits in the forest as an illegal activity has negatively impacted on the lives of the VMGs living around those forests such as is the case with Arabuko Sokoke and Boni forests in Lamu respectively. These communities obtain honey which is a very important food item in their diet as well feeding on certain fruits including Debelo among the Watha and Makarbaka among the Boni/Aweer. They also use the forests to obtain firewood which they collect from dried woods as well as obtaining raw materials for wood carvings or making sticks as is the case with the Boni. The communities that were found to be depending on firewood harvesting in this social assessment include; the Watha of Dabaso in Kilifi, Kikobeni in Kwale, Shirango in Bamba division in Ganze sub-County and the Boni/Aweer of Lamu who occupy the areas of Kiunga and Bargoni. These communities do firewood fetching from the neighbouring forests for selling by women and mentioned that men do charcoal burning for survival. Members of the communities complained during the social assessment that access to the forests to access firewood and trees for burning charcoal is difficult due to restrictions by the forest officers. In Lamu County, the Boni community members lamented that they have been denied their livelihoods due to restrictions in the entry of the Boni forest due to heightened terrorist activities that are reported in the Kenyan-Somalia border. However, when asked whether they practiced re-afforestation after cutting trees for firewood or charcoal burning using indigenous trees, the communities that practice charcoal burning responded in the negative, an indication that sustainable utilization of forestry resources could be a matter of intervention among these communities as part of KCDP project activities in the affected areas. Social Assessment Report Page 38 At the same time, blanket restrictions of access to the forests by these communities can have adverse effects on their lives that need to be carefully addressed in the design of KCDP activities. For instance, the Watha of Shirango in Bamba Kilifi County entirely rely on charcoal burning using the trees from the forest in which they live as their main occupation for both men and women. They complained that everybody in the community is doing charcoal burning and the environment is getting depleted. They experience regular crop failure due to persistent drought. They can only harvest once after two years if the rains come. The community members have fears that they can face extinction if charcoal burning can be stopped. One of them thus explained “Kuchoma makaa ikifungwa, basi maisha yetu itaisha kabisa” (If charcoal burning is abolished then our lives will be shattered completely). The Watha community members argued that poverty started with the introduction of KWS and everybody who reached the age of hunting was arrested. The government has taken away the management of wild animals and yet the animals are facing extinction and they have even added more police but still animals are gone. The community members are worried that the animals are rapidly facing extinction are yet they are their livelihood. One of them thus explained: Shirika letu lilichukuliwa na KWS na watu wetu walitolewa na tukaambiwa tukaye kando na hatuku pewa namna yoyoted ya kukula. Tulipokatazwa nyama hatukupewa chakula kingine. Watu wametegemea elimu na sisi hatujasoma na hata barabara hatuna. “(Our organization was taken over by KWS and our people were told to step aside and we were not given any alternative livelihood. We were stopped from eating game meat and we were not given alternative food. People depend on education and we have not gone to school and we don’t even have a road)”. Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities can therefore play a vital role in Sound Management of Natural Resources based on their traditional ways of sourcing subsistence from forest products such as honey, wild plants/fruits for consumption and medicinal purpose. They have unique traditional ways of conserving forests and wildlife. Their involvement in comprehensive planning process for the management of forest and wildlife resources is critical in ensuring long term sustainable management of natural resources for the benefit of the communities and the government. Discussions with participants during VMGs consultation process revealed that VMGs are not normally involved in planning process of management of natural resources by responsible organizations such as KWS, KFS, and NEMA among others yet they argue that their indigenous knowledge in conservation of natural resources can bear positive impact on conservation efforts because they also depend on those natural resources and depletion of such resources can have negative impact on their lives as a community. Social Assessment Report Page 39 3.10.2 Mitigation Measures to address Potential Adverse effects of the Project This social assessment has shown that the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities along the Kenyan coast just like other VMGs in other parts of the country to a large extent traditionally depended on natural resources within their land for a livelihood. The social assessment has also shown that these communities depend on forestry resources for firewood, charcoal burning for selling, gathering of fruits, and the use of plants for medicinal purposes and the traditional harvesting of honey as an important food item in the diet of these communities. The social assessment has as well shown that these communities are worried about the rate at which wild animals are disappearing from the forests and the fact that the continued felling of trees for purposes of charcoal burning without a program on re- afforestation is dangerous for their lives in the present and future. Information obtained from this social assessment equally shows that the VMGs have a very strong attachment to the forest and wildlife resources around them for various other activities. These activities include; the forests provide shades where they worship and perform some of their rituals and that they have attempted to construct their cultural sites within those forests as tourist attraction centres. Furthermore, there is evidence emerging from this social assessment which shows that the VMGs have clear indigenous mechanisms for conserving and ensuring sustainable utilization of these natural resources. These indigenous mechanisms have not been incorporated in the current efforts to conserve and ensure sustainable management of the natural resources. According to the VMGs, this omission has adversely affected their livelihood prospects with regard to the existence of natural resources within their surroundings. It is important to appreciate that the VMGs have a long standing knowledge that the conservation of these natural resources is for the long term benefit to the communities although it has immediate adverse effects on the same communities that need to be addressed alongside the long term measures of ensuring sustainability. Several suggestions have been put forward in this assessment to help mitigate the immediate adverse effects of sustainable management of the natural resources. These suggestions include: i) There should be efforts to incorporate the indigenous knowledge on conservation of forests and wildlife among the VMG communities. The VMG communities can therefore benefit from the co-management of forest and wildlife resources within the scope of KCDP to mitigate the impact of complete exclusion from the management of these natural resources. Through this arrangement, the VMG communities and the forest and wildlife officers can mutually develop areas of common interests and beneficence for both parties in order to address the adverse effects occasioned by complete exclusion. Social Assessment Report Page 40 ii) The VMGs should be supported by the project to start tree nurseries which they can sell to receive income and also plant as part of re-afforestation program to conserve their environments. This KCDP sub-project would help to mitigate the adverse effects of charcoal burning without replacing the trees. It will also help to provide an alternative source of income besides depending on income from charcoal burning and selling firewood including promotion of improved energy saving stoves among VMG households. iii) There are VMG communities that depend on honey from the bee hives found in the forests for food. These communities should be supported by KCDP to initiate modern bee keeping and marketing so that bee keeping as a sub-project of KCDP can mitigate the adverse effects of restricted entry into the forests by providing the VMGs with alternative ways of obtaining honey and diversification of income earning opportunities through selling of honey. iv) Construction of cultural centres and conservatoires next to the forests and game reserves can further help to mitigate the adverse effects of exclusion from accessibility to the forest resources and the associated benefits that could accrue to the community due to their proximity to game reserves and other tourist attraction sites. The KCDP project can support the local VMGs to select their young men and women to be trained in eco-tourism. 3.11Special measures concerning women and vulnerable groups This social assessment has identified particular projects which can benefit both the women and vulnerable members of the community among the VMGs. The assessment showed that women are engaged in agricultural activities including promotion of horticultural activities where such activities are currently or can potentially be carried out. Women who participated in the consultative meetings further explained the need to be supported to do poultry keeping, engage in small scale businesses within their communities such as selling of handcrafts, mandaazi, mahamri, and also contributing to the efforts to promote and earn income through the eco-tourism. The social assessment showed that women benefit from the eco-tourism activities through membership of Community Based Organisations that perform artistical activities to entertain tourists and earn an income. Furthermore, the assessment showed that the female youths engage in boardwalk business at the seashores using the mangrove trees and generate income from the tourists who visit the areas. The cultural sites and the tourist attraction centres can also engage the services of vulnerable members of the community including the disabled and the elderly. The elderly people among the VMG communities identified the rehabilitation of the cultural centres as opportunities for them to generate income. KCDP project would therefore address the special Social Assessment Report Page 41 measures to benefit the women and other vulnerable groups by supporting projects to rehabilitate the cultural centres, promote eco-tourism and small and medium enterprises. 3.12. Capacity Building for the affected communities to enhance their participation in the implementation of the Action plan The VMG communities suggested various thematic areas which their capacity could be built to enhance their participation in the implementation of the action plan and sub project activities as well as sustain development amongst themselves. The thematic area include: Development of skills in small and medium enterprise for the vulnerable and marginalized groups before they are given small grants to start business which are appropriate to their conditions. Entrepreneurial skills will help the VMG communities meaningfully engage in various income generating activities; Skills in conflict resolutions and group dynamics to help them steer the many registered groups within the VMG communities. Lack of such skills has been identified as bottlenecks to prosperity of the growth of various groups that are aimed at enhancing income generating activities among these people; agricultural production ranging from meaningfully engaging in garden farming, subsistence agriculture and horticulture. This should include skills in drip irrigation or irrigation agriculture. The results presented in this report show the need to properly target primary and secondary school leavers to train in vocational skills such as handcrafts, tailoring and dress making as well as scholarships for middle level training. Those whose capacity has been built in vocational training can be helped to start small scale business enterprises. 3.13 Involvement of VMGs in planning process enhanced in the form of free, prior and informed consultation OP 4.10 requires that a process of free, prior, and informed consultation, with the affected vulnerable and marginalized communities be followed so that the potential positive and adverse effects of any project be included in the planning design and used in consultation before any action is under taken. Additionally, equitable sharing of benefits that accrue from the sustainable use of local natural resources requires careful free, prior and informed consultation of local communities to participate effectively in the use and management of those resources. Discussions with participants during VMGs consultation process revealed that institutions such as KWS and KFS do not involve local communities in planning process with regard to management of local natural resources. This was illustrated by the bitter complaints by Watha community during FGDs at Mabuani, Shirango and Bombi over lack of involvement of the community by KWS and KFS in conservation of natural resources such as Tsavo East, Galana, Arabuko Sokoke forest reserves and Gede forest among others. This is an indication that majority of VMGs in the project area are not aware of the existence of KCDP as a project, thus making their informed participation and benefit from the project activities difficult to achieve. When asked to state how they received information about the Social Assessment Report Page 42 project, 47 percent of the respondents indicated they heard about the project through radio, local administration (25.5%), TV (13%), project implementing agencies (KEMRI, KWS, KFS etc (9.1%), MP (2%), print media (2%) and other members community (2%). 3.14 VMG Land use mapping Transect walks within the areas occupied by the VMG communities revealed several land use by the VMG communities at the Kenyan coast. Observations and inquiries during the transect walks with members of the community showed that the environmental conditions and available livelihood alternatives influenced land use patterns. Most VMGs practiced subsistence farming with little success due to prolonged drought, interference with wild animals and lack of adequate farming inputs. They also practice horticultural farming through drip irrigation and charcoal burning particularly among the VMG communities that live close to the forests and those living in areas where Mathenge tree has overgrown like it is the case with Malakote/Illwana, Munyoyaya and Watha communities in Madogo within Bura constituency in Tana River district. Some of the land use patterns captured during the transect walks through photography as shown in the Map and pictures below: Map for land use in the project area Social Assessment Report Page 43 3.15 Compliance with Environmental Regulations and Safeguards MCA-1999 is Kenya’s framework legislation that coordinates all environmental management activities in the country. It accentuates the right of every person in Kenya to live in a clean and healthy environment and obliges each and every one to safeguard and enhance the environment. Information obtained from FGDS with local communities and BMU representatives during VMGs consultation process indicated that most of the participants did not understand the meaning of compliance with environmental regulation and safeguard. This was illustrated by uncleanliness of beaches, fish landing site and lack of latrine in the project area particularly in the rural. 3.16 Challenges faced by the VM Gs in their Livelihood Strategies Water scarcity: Safe drinking water is a basic necessity for good health. Unsafe drinking water can be a significant carrier of diseases such as trachoma, cholera, typhoid, and Schistosomiasis. In addition to its association with diseases, access to safe drinking water may be particularly important for women and children, especially in rural areas, who bear the primary responsibility for carrying water; often for long distances. FGDs conducted with VMGs indicated that water is the major challenge in the project area. The primary sources for VMGs were mainly borehole/open well and spring/river /ponds which frequently dry up during dry seasons. Scarcity of water is a major barrier to small scale irrigation agriculture which has high potential in the areas occupied by the VMGs. It affects subsistence farming negatively in most areas where VMG live. For instance, among the Watha in Hamesa in the outskirts of Hola town only carry water from the river using the wheel barrows to irrigate their crops after the water tank is filled. Social Assessment Report Page 44 There is a women group registered with an NGO called Samaritan Purse. The NGO has supported them to have a borehole which generates some income for the group but they face the problem of maintenance. The local community members have not been trained in the maintenance of boreholes and yet the breakdown of such boreholes could disrupt the flow of income to the community from the borehole. The Watha community in Hamesa has a water pan which has the problem of siltation and cannot hold water for more than three months. Human-wildlife conflict: Additional critical challenge in the efforts to meet subsistence needs among the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities in the Coastal region is the fact that wild animals such as hippos, warthogs, wild pigs, monkeys, baboons, birds and elephants destroy crops leading to lack of harvest among these communities, thus promoting food insecurity among the VMGs. These challenges were reported among the VMGs occupying such areas occupied by the Watha such as in Kilibasi, Maungu, Kajire and the Munyoyaya and Illwana in Madogo in Taita Taveta. There were some complaints among the Munyoyaya and Illwana that community members who attempt to do farming have to watch over their crops the whole day and night to address possible invasion by the wild animals. In fact, the informants in the Focus Group Discussion (FGD) explained that such farms as KARBOMA and other farms in the area should be fenced by the Kenya Wildlife Services (KWS) to guarantee enhanced food crop harvesting. In Kilibasi (Kwale), Maungu and Kajire in Taita Taveta, the VMG communities complained that the Kenya Wildlife Services has ignored their complaints against the wild animals that destroy their crops. The Boni/Aweer community in Lamu County also complained that the wild animals destroy their crops. They stated that there is no fence to stop the wild animals from destroying their crops despite the reports that they have sent to the Kenya Wildlife Services. All the VMG communities that engage in small scale business such as Wachwaka, Wakifundi, Watha from Kikobeni, Kilibasi (Kwale), Shirango (Kwale and Kilifi), Majivuno (Kilifi), Hamesa (Tana River) as well Munyoyaya and Waillwana of Madogo in (Tana River) and the Boni in Lamu county were not trained in small and micro enterprise skills. Other challenges mentioned during VMGs consultation process included: collapse of foot bridge at River Sabaki in Chakama Location, Katana Hakei village, Kilifi County, Discrimination and domination by the larger neighbouring communities when distributing resources such as employment both in the public sector such as KWS, local ranches, government related institutions and in the KCDP project, high level of poverty and low levels of education due to lack of nearby schools, health facilities, insecurity and the general poor infrastructure including poor road network. Destruction of crops by wild animals, conflict with KWS over poaching hence community being denied access to forest resources yet some of the communities depend on forest resources for their livelihood, lack of schools and markets for the communities, lack fishing gears, land ownership, lack of health facilities, in security, and poor road network. Social Assessment Report Page 45 3.17 Hazina Ya Maendeleo Ya Pwani (HMP) Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani (HMP) is a fund whose goal is to enhance natural resources conservation and provision of community services and social well-being of Coastal areas. It provides grants to coastal communities to undertake projects that promote conservation and sustainable use of Natural resources (NRM). The fund also offers grants to coastal communities to undertake project actions that enhance social-wellbeing and community services. Within this framework, Hazina ya Maendeleo ya Pwani is in a position as the implementation medium for the activities that the VMGs have identified in this social assessment. Of more importance is the fact that several VMG communities assessed in this exercise revealed the need to be supported to acquire water for both domestic use and other livelihood strategies. The VMG communities also expressed the need to be supported to engage in income generating activities. A more critical case was observed among the Watha of Bombi where a bridge on river Sabaki had collapsed and cut the link between the residents of Bombi in Chakama and the social amenities across the river including schools, churches, markets, hospitals among others. For instance, there were reports that children attempting to cross the river are attacked by the crocodiles leading to loss of lives. Many children have stopped attending the only schools across the river because of fear for their lives. It is envisaged that HMP as an implementing medium within component 4 of the KCDP 3. 18 Process of free, prior and informed consultations for engaging VMGs in the project implementation Consultations were made during the consultative meetings with the VMGs on how they would wish to be involved in the implementation of the various project activities that can benefit their people in a culturally appropriate manner. There were suggestions that the VMGs could select their representatives to the planning meetings through their own cultural institutions of clan headmen and elders. Such representatives are supposed to be selected based on gender, age differentiations and other special categories such as the disabled. It was noted during the consultative meetings that the needs of these groups and the potential to benefit from KCDP projects are not homogeneous at community levels. The purpose for which these representatives were selected to participate in VMG planning meetings was explained during the consultative meetings to give the community adequate time to select representatives who can properly articulate their needs and participate in the design of development plans that are culturally relevant to their contexts. Social Assessment Report Page 46 The selected representatives therefore had prior information regarding the purpose of the meetings. The stages of engaging the communities in the participation of the sub-projects was therefore agreed at the community level during the consultative process with an agreement that the last validation of the plans to be openly discussed at the village level after prior information and participatory scheduling of the validation meetings at the community level. Thus, the process of engaging the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities in the project implementation based on the principles of the free, prior and informed consultations should first be discussed and agreed upon at the workshop organized by the Kenya Coastal Development Project (KCDP), the consulting firm, the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities’ representatives and the identified stakeholders who have worked with such communities. Such a workshop should aim at a participatory planning and design of the project implementation where the views and aspirations of the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities are incorporated in the design of the project and the implementation strategy. The main aim of inviting the stakeholders to the project planning workshop was to enable the stakeholders to use their expertise and experience of implementing the development projects among the VMG communities to guide effective participation and planning of the Vulnerable and Marginalized recommended projects. The Vulnerable and Marginalized Community representatives should be guided on how to prioritize their projects, suggest names of the registered groups and other stakeholders they would wish to work with including suggestions on formation of their own community project implementation teams to work with the implementing agencies. The larger community members should then be provided with prior information on the priority projects that have been suggested by their representatives at the workshop and be given at least two weeks to carry out their own free consultations on the suitability of the projects prioritized by their representatives at the workshop. The project implementing agency should then move to have open discussions with the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities within the communities at the venues suggested by the community members. The purpose of these community meetings is to validate the plans as well as the suggested intermediary groups and the community project implementing committees. It is therefore important that other project implementation activities follow this process of free, prior and informed consultations in order to meet the requirements for the OP 4.10 and the Indigenous People’s Planning Framework (IPPF). 3.19 Complaint Handling, Grievance and Recourse Mechanisms Conflict resolution, otherwise known as reconciliation, is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of disagreement among group members. Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting ideologies to the rest of the group and by engaging in collective negotiation. Social Assessment Report Page 47 Ultimately, a wide range of methods and procedures for addressing conflict exist, including but not limited to, negotiation, mediation, diplomacy, and creative peace building. Focus group discussions during VMG consultation process revealed marginalized communities in project areas use council of elders and the headman through their traditional arbitration skills, local administration and Nyumba Kumi or Nyumba Ishrini to facilitate the peaceful ending of disagreement among them. The social organization through the cultural structures have created local courts known as Abagaaza or ‘dhuro’ which is equivalent of ‘Kaya system’ among the Watha whose membership is on voluntary basis from the community members or the Gana system among the Sanye. The elders sit down to discuss and vote on an issue that can reconcile or improve the welfare of the community. This traditional mechanism of complaint handling is currently facing extinction from forces of modernity with the emergence of courts. However, these communities live far from state controlled security and the court system. It is envisaged that it will be appropriate to set up conflict resolution committees in the project areas that comprise of a mix of traditional conflict resolution mechanisms, through clan elders and the structures of the headman, representatives of KCDP implementation team, a representative of civil society advocacy networks for the VMGs and the local administration. Such a committee should be able to sit from time to time to deliberate on emerging conflicts during project implementation. Such committees should be able to offer recourse mechanisms during the life of the project. In case the conflict resolution committees fail to arbitrate on such disputes, the matter can be referred to the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights, the Ombudsman or the courts of law. Social Assessment Report Page 48 Chapter IV: Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusions: This social assessment has shown that majority of the VMGs who were visited can be categorized as poor, with no reliable source of income and low levels of education. The VMGs who live within the proximity of fish landing beaches do not receive enough income from the fish harvests due to lack of modern fishing equipments and knowledge. These communities suggested to be supported to enhance fishing activities. The VMGs to a large extent depend on natural resources for a livelihood for fruits, honey, firewood, charcoal and medicinal plants. They also use forests as places for worship and performance of rituals. Restrictions into the entry to forests can result in adverse effects on the livelihoods of such communities. Most VMGs currently practice subsistence farming and others are involved in small scale businesses but lack capital and skills to profitably engage in the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The VMG communities can potentially benefit from KCDP if the project supports them to improve their income from fishing activities, improve their harvests from subsistence farming and provide support to diversify their income through Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). In addition, KCDP project can potentially benefit the VMGs if it addressed the problems of unemployment and low levels of education if it provides scholarships targeting the VMGs. Recommendations: In order to improve and sustain the support of the project particularly among the VMGs such as those observed during consultation process, it is recommended that the project should: • Sensitize VMG communities in all the counties in the project area on Kenya coastal development programme and its activities • Take into consideration the gender and age variations in the needs and development initiatives based on the opportunities, capabilities and existing resources for each of the VMGs. • The development plans for the Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities should be based on identified activities that the VMGs are involved in, their suggestions of possible projects that are appropriate to their cultural conditions and an assessment of the environmental conditions. This would enable the projects proposed for these VMG communities to be culturally appropriate to their conditions. • The implementation of the prioritized projects for the VMGs should be carried out based on the provisions of the World Bank Operational policy no. 4.10 and the Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework (IPPF). Social Assessment Report Page 49 • Come up with appropriate targeted strategies that are favourable to VMGs in the implementation of project activities such as in the provision of scholarships for capacity building and training and removal of conditionality clauses that hinder the VMG from accessing development funds • Support the VMG communities in the Coastal region to access water for domestic use and other livelihood activities • Support the Watha of Dabaso within Gede in Watamu, Baraka Chembe both in Kilifi county, Saanye in Mapenya and Boni/Aweer both in Lamu County by providing them with modern fishing equipment fishing nets, fridges and cold chain facilities for fish storage as well as training and capacity building on marketing • Support alternative livelihoods such as promoting tree seedling production, small scale businesses targeting such communities and small scale irrigation agriculture by providing basic irrigation equipments that can be used to draw water from rivers Sabaki and Tana. • Support subsistence farming including initiating or improving on existing horticultural farming initiatives among VMG communities where such farming activities form part of life of the communities and be integrated within their culture • The Vulnerable and Marginalized communities in the coastal regions should be provided with facilities and equipments to start fish farming as an alternative livelihood. Sensitize and support communities on keeping the improved indigenous breeds of the chicken and goats that have comparatively high production as witnessed in other Arid and Semi-Arid areas of Kenya. Priority for this activity should be given to Watha community in the counties of Kwale, Kilifi, Tana River and Taita Taveta. • VMG communities that have traditionally depended on honey and bee keeping as a subsistence activity should be supported to continue with such a mode of subsistence but at the same time engage in other economic activities such as subsistence farming or micro enterprises as alternative modes of livelihoods. Bee keeping should also be promoted as an income generating activity among such communities. Priority for such activities should be directed to communities such as Watha in Kwale, Kilifi, Taita Taveta, Tana River and the Boni/Aweer in Lamu County. This will require capacity building and facilitation to enable these communities engage in honey production value chain. Target women and youth groups for support to start or enhance small and micro enterprises to boost their income generating activities (IGAs) by providing capacity building on SMEs and linkages with relevant financing schemes. Provide support to VMG communities that are currently depending on charcoal burning to start tree planting projects within their communities both as an income generating activity but also as a mechanism for environmental conservation. Priority for such a Social Assessment Report Page 50 project should target such VMG communities as Watha in Kilibasi, Kikobeni, Chamari, Chakama, Shirango (in Kwale and Kilifi), • The honey business is limited by problems of scale, technical skills and processing as well as equipment. Therefore, there is need to strengthen organizational structures and procedures, provide training and capacity building on marketing and production and processing as well as equipment such as modern bee hives • The VMG communities in the coastal region should be supported to undertake vocational training that targets primary school certificate holders as well as secondary school certificate holders. Such vocational training should include; artisan courses such as tailoring, dress making, masonry to allow them to participate in the job opportunities within the Jua Kali industry and at the same time target the few high school leavers with scholarships to pursue middle level college training. This targeting should be done by screening and vetting of the eligible school leavers through the VMG village elders. The social development officers can also help in the identification of the eligible VMG contacts. • Kenya Wildlife Services should erect a fence within the areas occupied by the VMG communities where there is constant conflict between the wild animals and populations living around due to constant destruction of the crops. Priority for such an activity should be among the Watha of Madogo in Tana River, Wachwaka, Watha of Kilibasi, Chakama (Hippos from river Galana), Watha of Maungu (fencing and rehabilitation of Woldena cultural site), the Boni of Lamu. • The KCDP implementation team will require multidisciplinary skills in order to implement the recommendations and action plans arising from the social assessment of VMG in this report. The skills and competence required include; the social mobilisation skills in community development, stakeholder analysis, Small and Micro-enterprise skills (SMEs) technical skills in aquaculture, fisheries value chain, forestry, wildlife and environmental conservation, beach management, skills in honey production, veterinary and agricultural specialists. Where possible, KCDP should partner with organisations that are already on the ground and which have the required skills to implement the recommendations and the action plans emanating from this social assessment. • Support construction of cultural centres for branding Watha community culture in the five counties in the project area at a location to be decided by the representatives of the community next to the forests and game reserves in order to enhance prospects for co-management of natural resources. This should be done in collaboration with KWS and KFS. • Support Women in these communities to sell handcrafts in the tourist attraction centres Social Assessment Report Page 51 Annexes: Annex I: VMGs Associations Operating in the Project Area and Their Activities. Cou Location/Operat Group/Association Status Activities nty ion Area Kwa Shimoni Kisite community boat registered 1. Fishing le operators self-help groups 2. Beach cleaning 3. Eco-tourism Fikirini village Mzida (CBO) Training and capacity building Advocacy Kibuyuni KIM( CBO Training and capacity building Advocacy Mbaoni Tanda (CBO) Training and capacity building Advocacy Fikirini Youth Group Registered Poultry farming Mikingamo youth group Registered Merry go round and table banking Lolakago Youth Group Registered Poultry farming Mitimbwani youth group Registered Poultry and fish farming , selling crabs Babarani youth group Registered Horticulture farming Mbaoni youth group Registered Block making Mzizima Registered Fishing and sea weed farming Tanda Registered Tree nursery development Kilibasi , MASOWAT (CBO) Advocacy Maungu , Registered Makina , Shirango , kisimeni , Kikobeni and Kajire Kilibasi ; Inuka part 2 Forest conservation , Social Assessment Report Page 52 cultural trails (screed places Kikobeni DOKI Mazingira group Registered Environmental conservation Lunga Lunga Wavumba group sub county Wasini sub location Muwani Sub Wakyuyu in Changani Group County Shumuni Sub Location Lunga Lunga Wasini Group Sub County Vanga Sub Location Shimoni Shimoni Slave Care Shimoni Shimoni Women Group Adhiwani Women Group Wasini Women Group fikirini Fikirini Women Group Mwiru Women Group Rise and Shine CU Sase Shimoni Youth Group Wasini Youth Boat Operators Woldhena Youth Group Kilif Dabaso Groups to be formed i Mabuani Watha Watho youth group Women and group to be formed Mabuani Balacha Watha group no registered Chakama Mahonyeso-Makongeni Location, Youth Group Registered Katana Hakei Women and men group to be village formed Chamari, Kasakaa Women Group Not location Pongezi Women Group registered ,Gigitole village Gede Sub- Groups to be formed Location, Social Assessment Report Page 53 Shirango Village, Tezo sub Communities are not in location, groups Majivuno Village Watamu, Baraka Dahasumu group Registered • Masonry jembe Village, • Tailoring Buguta Sub 1. Community to be Tait Location, mobilized in to Groups a Matingi Village Tav Birikani Village 1. Watha cultural centre Registered • weaving eta group ,beading, hand craft • brick making • cultural activities such as dancing shamba Sub • Location, Kajire Village Woldagetha Shirango men • Abagandha Shirango • Hajirane Shirango Women • group Lafaka Shirango group • Madogo Sub 1. Arboma farm (registered Registered Horticultural Tan Location, Madogo community farming a Madogo Village environment group Tree nursery river (registered ) 2. M.S.G farm 3. Abafotha farm Sombo Sub 1. Aburu self-help group Register Table banking Location, 2. Warembuli self-help Sombo Village group 3. Hidhole SHG 4. Sombo Kanisa SHG 5. Ayutha Women group 6. Sombo women group Mikinduni Sub 1. Watha Omara youth group • Table banking Social Assessment Report Page 54 Location, ( registered ) Registered • Horticulture Hamesa Village 2. Watha Omara IPSA farming farmer groups(CBO) • Beading 3. Watha Omara Women • Weaving group s 4. Watha Water Users Chan Chan CBO • Malakote CBO • Marana Women Group • Matunda Women Group • Jitegemee Women Group • Nigateni CBO • Moka CBO • Munyoyaya Youth group • Madogo Vigilante Youth • group Madogo Majengo CBO • Madogo Youth • Organization Pamoja Twaweza Youth • group Maendeleo ya Wanawake • Awole Sangali Women • group Mwangaza Madogo • Women Group Ruru Roba Women Group • Waldegea Munyoyaya Self • Help Group Lam Bargoni (Hindi Community groups are Registered • u Division), • Lungi self-help groups Milimani, • Ndununi Beach Bodhei, Basuba, management unit Mangai, • Boni farmers based Mararani, organization (CBO) Kiangwe • Aweer community conservancy (CBO) Mapenya 1. Wasaanye Shekale women • Witu , Kipini group and ndabwa 2. Wasanye shakale development group Social Assessment Report Page 55 3. Bahati Njema Marginalized group GANA Council of Elders • Dae Development Group • Wasanye Kizike • Development Group Tajaribu Women Group • Nyangwani Pandanguo • Group Maburuku Women Group • Nyonge People with • Disabilities Jima Women Group • Bargoni Aweer Women • group Mwamko Mpia Men • Group Aweer Soap and Herbal • group Rahmatu women group • Bargoi Muungano Group • Bargoi Youth Group • Social Assessment Report Page 56 Annex II: Government Agencies and Departments involved in KCDP project Implementation Stakeholder Nature and limit Basis of stake Available Potential role Capacity Gaps of stake Resources Primary Stakeholders Kenya Marine and Fisheries All components Outcomes/Goals Expertise and Implementation Research Institute (KEMFRI) Requisite tools Kenya Wildlife Services Component 2 & 3 Outcomes/Goals Expertise and Implementation (KWS) Requisite tools Kenya Coast Development Component 1, 3, & 4 Outcomes/Goals Expertise and Implementation Authority (KCDA) Requisite tools Kenya Forest Services (KFS) Component 2, & 3 Outcomes/Goals Expertise and Implementation Requisite tools Ministry of Lands, Housing Component 3 Outcomes/Goals Expertise and Implementation and Urban Development Requisite tools National Environmental Component 3 and Outcomes/Goals Expertise and Implementation Management Authority supportive role in all Requisite tools (NEMA) components Department of Fisheries Component 1 Outcomes/Goals Expertise and Implementation Requisite tools Secondary Stakeholders Kenya Ports Authority (KPA) Water Resources Management Sharing of EEZ space Sustainable management Authority (WARMA) and conservation of water resources including the EEZ The Museum of Kenya Cultural and historical Protection of historical heritage sites and heritage rights Ministry of Health Health both Health rights both community and occupational and occupational safety community County Government Development Constitutional mandate for Social Assessment Report Page 57 Stakeholder Nature and limit Basis of stake Available Potential role Capacity Gaps of stake Resources concerns and the development of their livelihoods respective counties Provincial Administration Security Concerns An essential link to the Networks and and community communities good mobilization understanding of the geographical, social, economic, cultural and political dynamics Tana and Athi River Development Legal mandate for Structures for Development Authority concerns development activities development (TARDA) within the Tana and Athi activities River Basins Social Assessment Report Page 58 Annex III: Consultation Meetings with VMGs Stakeholders Activities Date th Meeting with KISTE Community Boat Operators at the office 18 November 2014 Shimoni Kwale, Meeting with Wachwaka community at Fikirini Village, Kwale 18th November 2014 Consultation meeting with Watha at Kilibasi village 19th November, 2014 Consultation meeting with Watha Community at Kikobeni village 20th November, 2014 Consultation meeting with Watha community at Shirango Village 20th November2014 Kwale County Consultation meeting with Watha community at Dabaso village Kilifi 21th November, 2014 Consultation Meeting With Watha Community at Mabuani Village In 21th November, Kilifi County 2014 Consultation meeting with Watha community at Chakama Location, 22th November, 2014 Katana Hakei village, Kilifi County Consultation meeting with Watha Community at Chamari location , 24th November, 2014 Gigitole village, Kilifi County Consultation meeting with Watha community at, Shirango Village, 25th November, 2014 Kilifi County Consultation meeting with Watha community in Tezo sub location, 26th November, Majivuno Village, Kilifi County 2014 Consultation meeting with WATHA community in Watamu Baraka 26th November, Chembe Village, Kilifi County 2014 Consultation meeting with Watha community in Buguta Sub Location, 27th November, 2014 Matingi Village, and Taita Taveta County Consultation meeting with Watha community in Kaloleni Sub 28th November, 2014 Location, Birikani Village, Taita Taveta County Consultation meeting with Watha community in shamba Sub Location, 28th November, Kajire Village, Taita Taveta County 2014 Consultation meeting with Malakote/Wailuana and Munyoyaya 2nd December 2014 communities in Madogo Sub Location, Madogo Village, Tana River County Consultation meeting with Watha community in Sombo Sub Location, 2nd December, 2014 Sombo Village Tana River County Consultation meeting with Watha community in Mikinduni Sub 3nd December 2014 Location, Hamesa Village Tana River County Consultation meeting with Boni(Aweer) at Mokowe shopping centre , 5nd December , Lamu County 2014 Consultation meeting with Wa saanye community at Mokowe 5nd December , 2014 shopping centre , Lamu County Social Assessment Report Page 59 Annex IV. Minutes of Consultative Meetings with Vulnerable and Marginalized stakeholders Minutes of the Meeting held at KISITE Community Boat Operators office Shimoni Kwale on 18th November 2014, Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Cylus O. Ogango -county community Mobilizer • Haji Mududu -Local mobilizer • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This Meeting took place at KISTE Community Boat Operators office. It was attended by mainly Boat operators’ including men and the youths. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the members of KISTE community boat operators present. The members of KISTE Community boat Operator then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality Purpose of the meeting The boat operators were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the SOCIAL impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambetha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The members of KISITE Community Boat Operators present were urged to give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We only see vehicle written KCDP with people group are aware of the project with big stomach passing but do not know in details about the project. One time we saw some adverts in the newspaper on training at KWS training college and applied. We have not receive response up to now Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Fishing • Tourism : offering boat trips Kiste Marine Park ,Mpunguti island and Pemba, Taking tourist around to see dolphin by men and youth, • Kitchen farming: Growing Kales, green Social Assessment Report Page 60 gram (Pojo), Tomato, cowpeas among others. Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • Handcraft making • merry ground and rental house • Entraining tourist by board walk challenges /constraints we lack fishing gears , modern boat, training on use of Modern boat , training on BMU Governance Land: As Wakifundi community land ownership is major problem , land is stony and farming is difficult Beaches : our beaches are dirty; we need financial support to clean beaches lack of market for Hand craft negative impact of the project we think if the project introduce large fishing in the ocean, if will affect us since it will chase away dolphin to the deep sea Support to the project If the project brings benefit to Wakifundi community we fully support it. support needed from the project • Storage facilities • Training and capacity building on fish marketing • Project assist us in acquiring speed boat • Training and capacity building on governance to BMU members Conservation : how does group assist in • Plant mangroves conservation • Ensure that anybody cutting mangroves or trees must have permit • If a person cuts trees without permit he/she is taken to local administration Conclusion The meeting ended at 2:30 pm with a word of prayer from a volunteer participant. The group resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the need for the project to involve them in all aspects of the project. Social Assessment Report Page 61 Public consultation meeting with Wachwaka community at Fikirini village on 18th November, 2014/Minutes of the public Baraza held at Fikirini Primary School Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Cylus O. Ogango -county community Mobilizer • Haji Mududu -Local mobilizer • Bakari Wayusufu -local mobilizer Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Fikirini Primary School ground. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watswaka community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambetha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We are not conversant with the project. group are aware of the project However, sometimes in April some people came around collecting some information. We do not whether KCDP is the project were talking about Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Growing Kales , green gram( Pojo), Tomato , cowpeas among others • Fishing • Beekeeping • Poultry farming • Fish farming • Goat keeping alternative source of livelihood • Quarrying • Firewood fetching • Charcoal burning • Mangrove conservation Social Assessment Report Page 62 Issues Response challenges /constraints Land: As Watswaka community land ownership is major problem. we have do not have title deeds, we have only numbers Education: most of community members have not gone to school Destruction of crops by wild animals Negative impact of the project we think if the project introduce large fishing in the ocean , if will affect us since it will chase away dolphin to the deep sea Support to the project If the project brings benefit to Watswaka community we fully support it Support need from the project Project should assist us in: • caves management for tourist attraction • Training and capacity building on fish marketing and provision of modern fishing equipment • Training and capacity building on horticulture farming and marketing as well as provision of storage facilities • Stating poultry farming project Conservation : How Does community assist in • Plant mangroves conservation • Ensure that anybody cutting mangroves or trees must have permit • If a person trees without permit he/she is taken to local administration Conclusion The meeting ended at 5:30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watswaka community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the project them to be involved in all aspects of the project. Social Assessment Report Page 63 Public consultation meeting with Watha community at Kilibasi village on 19th November, 2014/Minutes of the public Baraza held under tree next to the Kilibasi dispensary Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Cylus O. Ogango -county community Mobilizer • Hassan Abadawa - Local Mobilizer • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction The meeting was convened at under Tree next to the dispensary in Kilibasi. The stakeholder consultation started by screening of those present. This was followed by word of prayers and self- introduction followed which gave the area residents the opportunity to get to know those present. This public meeting started at 2.30 pm. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders including women, and Elders. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Before the meeting started Prof Nyambetha requested participants to be in two groups of men and women. The meeting started with group men and then followed by group of women Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the we have not heard a about the project group are aware of the project historical background and occupation of the Community original place is Tana River and community main occupation was hunting. And gathering we reached Kilibasi while following wild animal Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Subsistence farming: Growing maize cowpeas among others • Goat rearing • Beekeeping • Wood curving Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • Maize farming Social Assessment Report Page 64 Issues Response • Charcoal burning • Goat and cattle rearing • Poultry farming challenges /constraints Our major problem is water. Other constraints destruction of crops by pest , wild animals( monkey , wild beast , elephant , baboon , hyena Goat diseases Unavailability of farm inputs and lack of training of modern farming Poor road network Education: lack of secondary schools , schools are2 hour walk away Negative impact of the project we think the project has no negative on community Support to the project If the project brings benefits such as water and schools as Watha community we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: • Getting water domestic use and irrigation • In adequate rainfalls • Project should assist our children to get further education • Cultural dance project • Farm inputs • Beekeeping • Training and capacity building on horticulture farming and marketing as well as provision of storage facilities • Starting poultry farming project institutions : Masowat (Community based organization) : area of operation are Kilibasi , Maungu , Makina , shirango , kisimeni and Kajire • Watha community group (Inuka part 2 ) Moribund conservation we are involve in forest conservation , cultural trails (screed places Conclusion The meeting ended at 5:30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the project them to be involved in all aspects of the project. Social Assessment Report Page 65 Public consultation meeting with Watha Community at Kikobeni village on 20th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at Nursery school Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Cylus O. Ogango -county community Mobilizer • Hasan Abadawa -Local Mobilizer • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction The meeting was convened under a tree next to a nursery school at Kikobeni village in Kwale County. The stakeholder consultation started with a word of prayer at 10.30:00 AM. A moment of self- introduction followed which gave the area residents the opportunity to get to know those present. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We are not conversant with the project. group are aware of the project However, sometimes in April some people came around collecting some information. We do not whether KCDP is the project were talking about Source of Livelihood our main source of livelihood Are: • Charcoal burning • Poultry farming: • Tree planting • Goat rearing • Farming Growing onions pojo • Mangrove conservation challenges /constraints • Lack of water • Destruction of crop by wild animals • Lack schools • Lack of health facilities Negative impact of the project no negative impact Support to the project If the project brings benefit to Watha a community we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: Social Assessment Report Page 66 Issues Response • Water for domestic use and irrigation • Construction cultural centre including cottages • Construction of stalls for selling vegetables • Construction of schools • Construction of health facilities • Completion of nursery school • Goat rearing institutions • DOKI Mazingira group ( membership 13 women and 2 men • Masowat Conclusion The meeting ended at 5:30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the project them to be involved in all aspects of the project. Social Assessment Report Page 67 Public consultation meeting with Watha community at Shirango Village Kwale County on 20th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at under trees Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Cylus O. Ogango -county community Mobilizer • Hasan Abadawa -Local Mobilizer • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Shirango Village. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the none group are aware of the project Source of Livelihood : our main source of livelihood Are: • Farming • Charcoal burning • Washing clothes (women) • Goat rearing • Poultry keeping • Masonry • Casual work • Car wash (youth ) special to men • Farming • Cattle and goat rearing challenges /constraints • Water is major problem • Discrimination when come distribution of resources by larger communities Social Assessment Report Page 68 Issues Response • Drought • Pest and diseases • High level of illiteracy among community members • High level poverty • Pest and disease for poultry and goats Negative impact of the project : do you think None KCDP have negative on your lives Support to the project yes, we support project fully Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: • Water for irrigation • Poultry (youth ) • Getting Modern Bee hives • Assist in starting project to assist orphan and disable local institutions/group Masowat Conclusion The meeting ended at 3:30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community from Shirango village resolved to support the project, form groups with one months and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and be involved in all project activities from the beginning. Social Assessment Report Page 69 Public consultation meeting with Watha community at Dabaso village Kilifi On 21th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the homestead of one of the stakeholders Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction The public consultative meeting took place in Dabaso village at the homestead of one the stakeholders. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that respect, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We do not know about the project. We just big group are aware of the project vehicle passing. In April some three people came by and asked us some questions and they mentioned to us KCDP Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Fishing (crabbing ) • Coconut farming • Cattle , goat and sheep rearing • Bee keeping • Subsistence farming Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • Selling Makuti • Firewood • Poultry keeping • Cattle and goat rearing • Social Assessment Report Page 70 Issues Response challenges /constraints High level of illiteracy among community members • High level poverty Pest and disease for poultry and goats Negative impact of the project we think if the project introduces large fishing in the ocean , if will affect us since it will chase away dolphin to the deep sea Support to the project If the project brings benefit to Watha Support from the project Project should assist us in: • Getting Modern Bee hives • Reclaiming Dabaso stone for bee harvesting • Building cultural centre • Fishing net • Cold storage facilities • Assist in starting project to assist orphan and disable farming project local groups / institution The community does not have existing groups. They have been having difficulty in registration Conservation : How Does community assist in • Plant mangroves conservation • Ensure that anybody cutting mangroves or trees must have permit • If a person trees without permit he/she is taken to local administration Conclusion The meeting ended at 3:30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community from Dabaso village community resolved to support the project, form groups with one months and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and be involved in all project activities . Social Assessment Report Page 71 Public consultation meeting with Watha community at Mabuani village in Kilifi County on 21th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan --Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Mabuani village in Kilifi County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We do not know about the project. We just big group are aware of the project vehicle passing. In April some three people came by and asked us some questions and they mentioned to us KCDP Source of Livelihood our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Growing Maize , cassava , Cow peas green gram( Pojo), among others • firewood • Boda Boda (youth) • Tree nursery • Merry go round • Poultry farming • Goat keeping • Bee keeping challenges /constraints • Lack of schools within locality : Watha community children should be allowed to join form one with 250 points • Community have been denied access to the forest by KWS, hence denied their Social Assessment Report Page 72 Issues Response usual food such as debela , honey • Employment, the youth from the community have been discriminated in terms of employment because they have limited Education: • Destruction of the crop by wild animals Negative impact of the project None Support to the project If the project assist in accessing forest , encourage KWS to employ our youth to assist in conservation of wildlife and forest we fully support it Support need from the project Project should assist us in: • Hand craft • Dairy and cattle rearing • Conservation of forest and wildlife project • Development of Cultural site and museum for Watha community artefacts’ local institution /groups Watha Watho youth group (not registered Balacha Watha group (not registered) Conservation : How Does community assist in • Project should convince KWS to involve conservation us in conserving ARABUKO SOKOKE forest Conclusion The meeting ended at 6 pm with a word of prayer from a volunteer participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project and stressed that they should be involved fully especially in the area of conservation and more awareness creation on the project be carried out. The meeting also resolved to register the groups and Jacob Kokan agree to assist in registration of the groups Social Assessment Report Page 73 Public consultation meeting with Watha community at Chakama Location, Katana Hakei village, Kilifi County on 22th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held under tree Near River Sabaki Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Makongeni Sub-location, Katana Hakaei village. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. Before the start of the meeting the group were disaggregated by gender. This was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. Discussions then started with men stakeholders The they were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area by Jacob Kokan in vernacular or local language Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the some stakeholders said they heard of the project group are aware of the project through the radio and project was encouraging communities on tree planting history of the community Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Growing Maize , cassava, tomatoes ground nuts paw paw , cabbage , egg plants and capsicum • Charcoal burning women : our main source of livelihood • Farming (pumpkin, Tomato and kales • Charcoal burning Social Assessment Report Page 74 Issues Response • Casual labour challenges /constraints • Conflict with KWS over poaching hence community is denied access of forest • high level of illiteracy • drought • crocodile prevalence • Collapse of Galana Foot Bridge • Poor road network • Destruction of crop by wild animal • Insecurity Negative impact of the project none Support to the project If the project brings benefit to Watha community we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: • Rehabilitation of Galana foot bridge • Provide water pump for small scale irrigation • Training on the farm inputs and marketing • Bee keeping • Fish farming • Goat rearing • Poultry farming conflict resolution use council of elders groups/local institution • no group presenting women or men Mahonyeso-Makongeni youth group Conservation : How Does community assist in • Project should convince KWS to involve conservation us in conserving wildlife local institution • Conclusion The meeting ended at 2:30 pm with a word of prayer from a volunteer participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the project them to be involved in all aspects of the project. The meeting also resolved that community shall register group for women and men, since KCDP project shall use groups as a vehicle for implementation and Jacob Kokan agree to assist in registration of the groups. Social Assessment Report Page 75 Public consultation meeting with Watha community at Chamari Gigitole village, Kilifi County on 24th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at homestead of the elders Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Chamari Gigitole village. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We had about the project from the enumerators group are aware of the project sometimes in April they came around collecting some information and radio Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Pineapples, cassava , tomato , passion , beans and capsicum • charcoal burning • Beekeeping Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • Maize , pineapple , cassava , kunde , green gram o goat rearing o charcoal burning o business , hotels , vegetable retailing o beekeeping challenges /constraints • poor road network • water -10 km away during dry seasons • lack of knowledge on modern farming • lack of health facilities Social Assessment Report Page 76 Issues Response Negative impact of the project None Support to the project If the project brings benefit to Watha community we fully support it Support needed from the project Projects should assist us in: Men : • Dairy goat and cattle rearing • Conservation of forest birds, 25000 acres available for conservation ,CCA the community conservation • Development of cultural centre • Training and capacity building on modern agriculture Women special interest • Farming • Dairy goat rearing • Local poultry farming • Rabbit farming • Rental house • Posho mill conflict resolution We have local council of elders (Abagasa ) -this act as local court group /local institution s Kasakaa women group (not registered) pongezi women group (not registered ) Conservation : at the moment we are not involved any conservation but is assisted we can start Conservation of forest birds, 25000 acres available for conservation ,CCA the community conservation Conclusion The meeting ended at 12:30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the project them to be involved in all aspects of the project. It was agreed that community form groups and register the existing ones Social Assessment Report Page 77 Public consultation meeting with Watha community in Gede Sub-Location, Shirango Village, and Kilifi County on 25th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the local church Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist/mobilizer • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Gede sub location Shirango village Kilifi County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups(VMGs) in the project area. Prof. Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We are not aware of the project group are aware of the project Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Charcoal burning • Farming : maize , pojo and kunde • Hunting for meat Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • Food for work • Charcoal burning • Farming Maize kunde and pojo challenges /constraints • Unavailability of water • community has been denied access to their source of income by KWS • lack leadership (no chief , ward representative • discrimination( not allowed to hunt animal , no land( living in game reserves ) • schools Social Assessment Report Page 78 Issues Response • lack health facilities • low level of education among the youth • since Watha children have limited education , they not get employment in game reserves • if GOK find that wild animals are killed , Watha community are the first suspect Negative impact of the project we think if the project introduce large fishing in the ocean , if will affect us since it will chase away dolphin to the deep sea Support to the project we fully support it Support needed from KCDP project Project should assist us in: special to men Water is our priority project • Starting business • Tree planting special to women • water for small for irrigation • dairy goat rearing • tree planting groups /local institution no existing group for Watha community Conservation : • KWS should involve community conservation like the Masai by employing their children at the gate for gate collection. • KWs should set aside fund some education fund for Watha children , this will encourage community to conserve animal • KFS should involve the community in conserving forest • Since the government took over the management wild animal from the community the number of wild animals have continue declining Conclusion The meeting ended at 4.30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and project should involve community through the elders. At the end of the meeting it was resolved that the community was going to form groups and Jacob Kokan was to facilitate the process of registration Social Assessment Report Page 79 Public consultation meeting with WATHA community in Tezo sub location, Majivuno Village, Kilifi County on 26th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held under a tree in the homestead of one the elders Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place in Tezo sub Location, Majivuno Village, Kilifi County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We are not conversant with the project. group are aware of the project However, sometimes in April some people came around collecting some information. We do not whether KCDP is the project were talking about Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Maize, cashew nut and cow peas • masonry • block making • Charcoal burning challenges /constraints • Lack of access to credit • Low level of education among community members • Unemployment • Destruction of crops by wild animals Negative impact of the project none Support to the project we fully support it Social Assessment Report Page 80 Issues Response Support from the project Project should assist us in: special to men • block making • dairy cow • horticultural farming special top women • local poultry farming • bore hole project • dairy cow • selling vegetables local institution communities are not in groups Conservation : How Does community assist in • KWs should set aside fund some conservation education fund for Watha children , this will encourage community to conserve animal • KFS should involve the community in conserving forest Conclusion The meeting ended at 12 noon pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and be involved in all aspects of the project. In addition it was resolved that the community was going to form groups and Kokan was going to facilitate group’s registration. Social Assessment Report Page 81 Public consultation meeting with Watha community in Watamu Baraka jembe Village, Kilifi County on 26th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the homestead elders Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Watamu, Bahati jembe Village. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We are not conversant with the project. group are aware of the project However, sometimes in April some people came around collecting some information. We do not whether KCDP is the project were talking about Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Fishing • Masonry • Tuk tuk • Brewing Mnazi • Moto cycle transport challenges /constraints Poverty Unemployment among the youth lack of fishing material and equipment Negative impact of the project None Support to the project If the project brings benefit to Wachwaka community we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: special to men Social Assessment Report Page 82 Issues Response • Fishing material and equipment • Dairy goat Special to youth (girls ) • Sewing machine • Tailoring training Special to youth( Boys ) • Local poultry farming • Farming • Moto cycle transport project Special to women • Dairy goat rearing • Dairy cow groups /local institutions Bahati jembe Marginalized group Dae Marginalized group Conclusion The meeting ended at 2 pm with a word of prayer from a volunteer participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and be involved in all aspects of the project. In addition it was resolved that the community was going to form groups and Kokan was going to facilitate group’s registration. Social Assessment Report Page 83 Public consultation meeting with Watha community in Buguta Sub Location, Matingi Village, and Taita Taveta County on 27th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held under a tree next to the homestead of one of the stakeholders Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place in Buguta Sub Location, Matingi Village, and Taita Taveta County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We are not conversant with the project. group are aware of the project However, sometimes in April some people came around collecting some information. We do not whether KCDP is the project were talking about Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Goat and cattle rearing • Farming ( maize , Pojo , and cowpeas) masonry / quarrying • Gemstone Mining challenges /constraints • Access to water , water available is 27 km away • Destruction of crops by elephant ( community live between sagala and Maungu ranch ) • High price of water during dry season • Lack of access to health facilities • Lack school and polytechnic around Social Assessment Report Page 84 Issues Response • Poor road network Negative impact of the project None Support to the project we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: Special to women • Dairy goat • Dairy cow • Local poultry farming • Biashara ( selling vegetables ) • Shallow well project special to men • Borehole project • Rock water harvesting • School for children /adult • Road network • Hospital • Construction of Watha cultural centre • Youth employment by ranchers conflict resolutions • Nyumba Kumi • Number Ishrini • Court of 5 council of elders local institution/group • Community does not have registered groups Conservation : How Does community assist in • Plant trees conservation • Ensure that anybody cutting mangroves or trees must have permit • If a person trees without permit he/she is taken to local administration Conclusion The meeting ended at 1.00 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and be involved in all aspects of the project. In addition it was resolved that the community was going to form groups and Kokan was going to facilitate group’s registration. Social Assessment Report Page 85 Public consultation meeting with WATHA community in Kaloleni Sub Location, Birikani Village, and Taita Taveta County on 28th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the Watha cultural centre Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place in Birikani Village, Taita Taveta County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We are not conversant with the project. group are aware of the project However, sometimes in April some people came around collecting some information. We do not whether KCDP is the project were talking about Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Maize , cowpeas among others • weaving ,beading, hand craft • brick making • Ballasting/Masonry challenges /constraints • Tsavo –National Park employ from all over Kenya but Watha youth are not employed due to low level of education • Destruction of crop by wild animal (elephant) • Lack of bee hives Negative impact of the project None Support to the project we fully support it Social Assessment Report Page 86 Issues Response Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: • Dairy goat rearing • Dairy cow • Local poultry farming • Fish farming (Market readily available) • Brick making • Bee keeping (most bees are in Tsavo East and we have been denied access to the park) • Watha cultural centre (started in 2007), it bring Watha together. Activities include traditional dance , hand craft displaying among others , Supported needed are :fencing , construction of restaurant and cottages groups /local institution Watha cultural centre group ( registered Conservation : How Does community assist in • Kishamba group ranch has 25 acre for conservation conservation • Conclusion The meeting ended at 11:30 am with a word of prayer from participant. The participants resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and be involved in all aspects of the project. Additionally the member resolved that the money levied from cultural centre will be used to pay school fees for children. Social Assessment Report Page 87 Public consultation meeting with Watha community in shamba Sub Location, Kajire Village, Taita Taveta County on 28th November, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the Watha cultural centre Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Patrick Gwada -KCDP • Martin Simba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place in Shamba Sub Location, Kajire Village Taita Taveta County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute (KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the only one of the participant has heard of KCDP group are aware of the project from research assistant Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Maize , Pojo, cow peas • charcoal burning • casual labour • goat rearing Youth • Quarrying / masonry • Jua kali • Charcoal burning Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • farming: Maize , Pojo, cow peas • charcoal burning challenges /constraints Destruction of crops by elephants low level of education lack of schools (primary and secondary ) lack of market infrastructure Negative impact of the project None Social Assessment Report Page 88 Issues Response Support to the project we fully support it Support need from the project Project should assist us in: special to men • Meat goat rearing • Pig farming • Mushroom farming • Beekeeping • Cotton farming special to women • Dairy Goat rearing • Local poultry farming • Dairy cow • Water tanks for water harvesting ) conflict resolution mechanism • We have council of elders and Nyumba Kumi Conclusion The meeting ended at 1.30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and be involved in all activities of the project. Social Assessment Report Page 89 Public consultation meeting with Wailuana and Wamoyaya community in Madogo Sub Location, Madogo Village, Tana River County on 2nd December 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the Madogo health centre compound Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant (Irrigation /Agriculture Specialist) • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Victor Gatie -community mobilizer • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place in Madogo Sub Location, Madogo Village Tana River County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Wailuana and Wamoyaya community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We have heard about the project over the radio group are aware of the project Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Farming: Mango , Maize , Pojo , cassava , sugar cane , water melon and tomato • Casual labour • Bee keeping • Charcoal burning Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • Weaving • Charcoal burning • Washing clothes in Somali houses • Farming : maize Pojo cow peas etc • Leasing of acacia trees challenges /constraints • Destruction of crops by animal such as elephant, Baboon, warthog and pigs • Discrimination in employment by the Social Assessment Report Page 90 Issues Response government and government related institutions • Low level of education among the Wailuana and Wamoyaya community • Lack of water pump for small scale irrigation along river Tana • Consumption of forest by mathenge • Access of bursary from CD|F and government offices • High level of poverty Negative impact of the project None Support to the project the two community fully support the project Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: Special to men • Dairy goat rearing • Meat goat rearing • Water pump for small scale irrigation • Training and capacity building on fish and modern farming as well as marketing Special to women • Fencing of the game reserves • Water pump for small scale irrigation • Small business such as selling vegetables , mandazi • Fish farming • Tree planting Conflict resolution Council of elders are the peace makers Groups • Arboma farm (registered ) • Madogo community environment group (registered ) • M.S.G farm • Abafotha farm Conclusion The meeting ended at 1.00 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Wailwana and Munyoyaya community resolved to support the project and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and representative from marginalized communities be involved in the implementation. Social Assessment Report Page 91 Public consultation meeting with Watha community in Sombo Sub Location, Sombo Village Tana River County on 2nd December, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the community hall within Sombo Dispensary compound Present; • Prof .Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Martin Simba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • Victor Gatie -Health Officer ( community mobilizer ) • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place in Sombo Sub Location, Sombo Village Tana River County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We have not heard of project group are aware of the project Source of Livelihood our main source of livelihood Are: • farming: Mango , Maize , Kunde (cow peas), cassava • charcoal burning( major income) • Beekeeping • Local Poultry farming • Goat keeping challenges /constraints • Water is the major problem • Lack of ambulance , people are carried by donkeys when taken to hospital • Lack of inputs • Lack of market for the produce • Lack of access to credit • Destruction of crops by wild animal Social Assessment Report Page 92 Issues Response • Low level of education • Discrimination in employment by the government , government related institutions • In ability to access services such as bursary and scholarship from CDF and government related institutions respectively • Pest and diseases Negative impact of the project None Support to the project we fully support the project Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: Special to women • Goat rearing • Poultry farming • Donkey rearing • Small business such as selling vegetables , chips Special to men Bee keeping Business (goat selling Small scale irrigation Training and capacity building of fish farming , modern farming and marketing Cattle dip for Cattle and goats Groups • Aburu self-help group • Warembuli self-help group • Hidhole SHG • Sombo Kanisa SHG • Ayutha Women group • Sombo women group Conclusion The meeting ended at 5.00 pm with a word of prayer from a volunteer participant. Participant resolved to support the project and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and representative from marginalized communities is involved in the implementation. Social Assessment Report Page 93 Public consultation meeting with Watha community in Mikinduni Sub Location, Hamesa Village Tana River County Tana River County on 3nd December, 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the community hall in Hola Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Martin Simba -KCDP • Jacob Kokan -Watha community Activist • • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place in Mikinduni Sub Location, Hamesa Village Tana River County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the Some of stakeholders have heard of the project group are aware of the project and visited the offices in hola Source of Livelihood Men: our main source of livelihood Are: • Casual labour • Small scale business • Farming: Maize , kales , tomato , pojo , cowpeas and capsicum • Charcoal burning Women : our main sources of livelihood are : • Weaving • Hand craft • Domestic work • Charcoal burning Youth : • Bead making • Farming challenges /constraints • Water is the major problem Social Assessment Report Page 94 Issues Response • Low level of education • Discrimination in employment • High number of school drop out Negative impact of the project None Support to the project we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: Special to women • Farming • Small business (selling vegetables • Dairy goat farming • Guest house • Posho mill Special to men • Poultry farming • Borehole • Posho mill • Goat rearing • Bee keeping Special to youth • Computer project for vocational training • Green house • Bead making • Farming Groups 1. Watha Omara youth group ( registered 2. Watha Omara IPSA farmer groups(CBO) 3. Watha Omara Women group s Conservation : How Does community assist in • conservation Conclusion The meeting ended at 1.30 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Watha community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the project them to be involved in all aspects of the project. Social Assessment Report Page 95 Public consultation meeting with Boni at Mokowe shopping centre , Lamu County on 5nd December , 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the community hall Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Martin Shimba -KCDP • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Mokowe town Lamu County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized Communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We have not heard of the project group are aware of the project Source of Livelihood Women : our main source of livelihood Are: • Small business – Selling Chapati , vegetables • Weaving of mats • Charcoal burning • Farming maize , cassava cow pea pojo and ground nut challenges /constraints • Lack of market infrastructure • Destruction of crop by wild animal • Lack hospitals • Lack of clean water • Lack schools (secondary schools ) • Poor road network • Lack of electricity Negative impact of the project None Support to the project we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: • Dairy goat rearing • Local poultry farming Social Assessment Report Page 96 Issues Response • Weaving of mats • Fish farming • Groups no group conflict resolution council of elders elected by community Conservation : How Does community assist in • Plant trees conservation • Ensure that anybody cutting r trees must have permit • If a person trees without permit he/she is taken to local administration Conclusion The meeting ended at 3pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Boni Community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and of the project them to be involved in all aspects of the project. Social Assessment Report Page 97 Public consultation meeting with Wasaanye community at Mokowe shopping centre , Lamu County on 5nd December , 2014/Minutes of the meeting held at the community hall Present; • Prof Erick Nyambedha -Consultant (Team Leader) • Eng Julius O Amala -Consultant • Martin Simba -KCDP • Stakeholders as per attached attendance list. Introduction This public consultative meeting took place at Mokowe town Lamu County. It was attended by diverse project stakeholders (Watha community) including women, youths and Elders. The meeting was preceded by prayers led by one of the community elders. The members of the stakeholders who were in attendance then introduced themselves. This was followed by Consultants introduction and who went on to explain their presence at the locality. The participants were made aware that the consultants were there to assess the social impact of Kenya Coastal Development project(KCDP) being implemented Kenya Marine and fisheries research institute(KEMFRI) on Vulnerable and Marginalized communities (VMGs) in the project Area. Prof Nyambedha and Mr. Amala made the presentation in that regard, informing the participants’ about the project. The consultants then informed the Meeting on the processes they would follow while conducting the RAP and SIA exercise. Discussions The stakeholders at the meeting were urged to participate in the discussions freely and give their views on the project, which they did, a summary of the consultative exercise is tabled below; Issues Response Awareness of KCDP: Are the members of the We have not heard of the project group are aware of the project Source of Livelihood our main source of livelihood Are: Bee keeping • Farming (maize , pojo , cassava , banana , rice cashew nut and Mango • Local poultry farming • Weaving of mat • Fishing challenges /constraints • Clean drinking water • Lack of market infrastructure • Destruction of crop by wild animal • Lack hospitals • Lack of clean water • Lack schools (secondary schools ) • Poor road network Negative impact of the project None Support to the project we fully support it Support needed from the project Project should assist us in: special to men Social Assessment Report Page 98 Issues Response • Boat for fishing • Fishing net • Cold storage facilities • Scholarship for those pupils who have finished form four special to women • Fishing net • Farming • Bee keeping • Dairy goat rearing • Tree planting • Water tank for water harvesting Groups Wasaanye Ishakale women group Wasaanye shakale development group Bahati Njema Marginalized group Conflict Resolution council of elders elected by community Conservation : How Does community assist in • We ensure that no member of the conservation community cut trees without permit • We also ensure those members of the communities who fetch firewood , pick only dry one • Members who burn charcoal must plant at least one tree Conclusion The meeting ended at 5 pm with a word of prayer from participant. The Wasaanye community resolved to support the project to its conclusion and stressed the need for more awareness creation on the project and representative from community be involved in implementation activities such as sensitization and mobilization Social Assessment Report Page 99 Annex V: Photographs Meeting with KISTE Community Boat Operators Date 18/11/2014 Meeting with BMU official at Shimoni Date 18/11/2014 Social Assessment Report Page 100 Meeting of Wachwaka community at Fikirini village Kwale Date 18/11/2014 Meeting in Kilibasi- Kwale Date 19/11/2014 Meeting in Kikobeni Village- Kwale Date 20/11/2014 Social Assessment Report Page 101 Meeting in Shirango- Kwale Date 20/11/2014 Meeting in Dabaso Village Kilifi Date 21/11/2014 Meeting in Bombi village Kilifi Date 22/11/2014 Social Assessment Report Page 102 Meeting at Gede Sub Location, Shirango Village, Kilifi County Date 25/11/, 2014 Meeting with Watha community in Matingi Village, and Taita Taveta County Date 27/11/2014 Meeting with Watha community in Birikani Village, Taita Taveta County Date 28/11/2014 Social Assessment Report Page 103 Meeting with Wailuana and Wamoyaya community in Madogo Village, Tana River County Date 2/12/2014 Meeting with Watha community in Sombo Village Tana River County Date 2/12/2014 Meeting with Watha community in Hamesa Village Tana River County 3/12/ 2014 Meeting with Boni community at Mokowe 5/12/2014 Social Assessment Report Page 104 Annex VI: Stakeholder’s Consultation (FDGS) Social Assessment Report Page 105 Social Assessment Report Page 106 Social Assessment Report Page 107 Social Assessment Report Page 108 Social Assessment Report Page 109 Social Assessment Report Page 110 Social Assessment Report Page 111 Social Assessment Report Page 112 Social Assessment Report Page 113 Social Assessment Report Page 114 Social Assessment Report Page 115 Social Assessment Report Page 116 Social Assessment Report Page 117 Social Assessment Report Page 118 Social Assessment Report Page 119 Social Assessment Report Page 120 Social Assessment Report Page 121 Social Assessment Report Page 122 Social Assessment Report Page 123 Social Assessment Report Page 124 Social Assessment Report Page 125 Social Assessment Report Page 126 Social Assessment Report Page 127 Social Assessment Report Page 128 Social Assessment Report Page 129 Annex VII: Map of VMGS Operation Areas Map 1: Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in Mkwasini Social Assessment Report Page 130 Map 2 Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in Kishamba Social Assessment Report Page 131 Map 3: Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in Kaloleni Social Assessment Report Page 132 Map 4: Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups in Buguta Social Assessment Report Page 133 Map 5: Gede Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups Social Assessment Report Page 134 Map 6: Dabaso VMGs Social Assessment Report Page 135 Map 7 Chamari VMGs Social Assessment Report Page 136 Map 8Arabuko Sokoke VMGs Social Assessment Report Page 137 Map 9: Marafa VMGs Social Assessment Report Page 138 Map 10 Lamu VMGs Map Social Assessment Report Page 139 Map 11: VMGs Map of Tana River Social Assessment Report Page 140 Map 12: VMG Maps of Mulanjo and Madogo Villages Social Assessment Report Page 141 Annex VIII: VMGS Inventory (Spatial data) Taita Taveta Name Subloc Village Latitude (S) Longitude (E) ACK Kajire Girls Kishamba - 3°30'56.088 " 38°36'40.044 " Kaijire Diaspensary Kishamba - 3°31'3.426 " 38°36'28.972 " Chief's Office Miaseni Hinji 3°33'34.146 " 38°44'58.006 " Bondeni Nur.Sch. Miaseni Hinji 3°34'45.066 " 38°44'22.578 " Buguta Health Care - Kisimenyi 3°41'17.892 " 38°40'5.136 " Buguta Pri. School - Kisimenyi 3°41'25.266 " 38°40'0.444 " Everest Community Library - Kisimenyi 3°41'24.186 " 38°39'54.678 " Ass.Chief's Office - Kisimenyi 3°41'15.138 " 38°39'37.074 " Zungulukani Pri. Sch. - Kasigau 3°57'13.278 " 38°55'38.706 " Respondent - Birikani 3°23'48.838 " 38°35'41.038 " Respondent - Birikani 3°24'8.562 " 38°35'50.146 " Respondent - Birikani 3°24'0.732 " 38°35'46.94 " Village Latitude Longitude Description SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°43' 42.966 " 39°1'16.056 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°57' 25.05 " 38°57'42.69 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°58' 44.856 " 38°55'44.506 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°43' 40.476 " 39°1'25.218 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°43' 41.844 " 39°1'19.72 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°43' 49.272 " 39°1'8.292 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°38' 34.45 " 39°22'52.465 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°31' 52.254 " 39°25'35.22 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°31' 53.306 " 39°25'35.172 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°31' 51.456 " 39°25'33.294 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°43' 24.774 " 39°2'41.352 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°58' 50.886 " 38°55'35.7 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°43' 37.38 " 39°1'23.394 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°59' 1.386 " 38°55'31.926 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 3°57' 25.056 " 38°57'42.834 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°36' 1.842 " 39°19'47.568 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°36' 18.42 " 39°21'2.682 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°36' 1.842 " 39°19'47.568 " Households SHIRANGA 'B' VILLAGE 4°36' 6.858 " 39°20'59.048 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 56.478 " 39°0'57.126 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 54.636 " 39°1'6180 " Households Social Assessment Report Page 142 MACKINON 3°43' 52.782 " 39°0'56.916 " Households MACKINON 3°44' 4.594 " 39°0'50.772 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 52.98 " 39°1'0.516 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 50.52 " 39°1'10.01 " Households MACKINON 3°44' 6.18 " 39°0'54.66 " Households MACKINON 3°44' 0.702 " 39°1'7.044 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 42.648 " 39°1'13.848 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 55.584 " 39°1'3.21 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 53.928 " 39°1'2.298 " Households MACKINON 3°44' 6.996 " 39°1'18.73 " Households MACKINON 3°44' 8.08 " 39°0'49.966 " Households MACKINON 3°44' 9.138 " 39°0'53.774 " Households MACKINON 3°44' 6.474 " 39°0'50.385 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 26.734 " 39°1'34.043 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 42.459 " 39°1'19.929 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 43.36 " 39°0'57.375 " Households MACKINON 3°43' 53.616 " 39°0'53.579 " Households MACKINON 3°57' 21.006 " 38°57'41.976 " Households SHIMONI 3°58' 41.478 " 38°56'0.132 " Households SHIMONI 3°43' 39.558 " 39°1'24.93 " Households SHIMONI 4°36' 7.08 " 39°21'10.206 " Households SHIMONI 4°36' 1.68 " 39°21'21.702 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 32.7 " 39°22'50.55 " Households SHIMONI 3°43' 40.111 " 39°1'21.456 " Households SHIMONI 4°35' 17.91 " 39°22'58.772 " Households SHIMONI 3°43' 40.11 " 39°1'21.456 " Households SHIMONI 4°36' 22.9758 " 39°24'61.892 " Households SHIMONI 4°35' 20.986 " 39°23'60.884 " Households SHIMONI 3°58' 41.478 " 38°56'0.13 " Households SHIMONI 3°58' 41.476 " 38°56'0.132 " Households SHIMONI 3°58' 41.478 " 38°56'0.132 " Households SHIMONI 4°31' 51.57 " 39°25'34.692 " Households SHIMONI 4°31' 48.456 " 39°25'34.032 " Households SHIMONI 4°36' 1.686 " 39°21'22.726 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 53.5342 " 39°22'58.398 " Households SHIMONI 3°43' 39.558 " 39°1'24.93 " Households SHIMONI 3°58' 41.478 " 38°56'0.132 " Households SHIMONI 3°57' 21.006 " 38°57'41.976 " Households SHIMONI 4°35' 17.91 " 39°22'58.772 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 48.534 " 39°22'59.388 " Households SHIMONI 4°31' 51.572 " 39°25'34.692 " Households SHIMONI 4°31' 52.458 " 39°25'34.032 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 32.7 " 39°22'50.55 " Households SHIMONI 4°31' 51.572 " 39°25'34.692 " Households SHIMONI 4°31' 52.458 " 39°25'34.032 " Households Social Assessment Report Page 143 SHIMONI 4°38' 34.1 " 39°22'59.412 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 34.996 " 39°22'59.412 " Households SHIMONI 3°43' 40.452 " 39°1'24.732 " Households SHIMONI 3°58' 41.724 " 38°56'4.116 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 48.42 " 39°22'57.048 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 48.424 " 39°22'59.049 " Households SHIMONI 4°38' 48.466 " 39°22'62.058 " Households VMG Inventory continued Adm.Unit Village Latitude Long Description Bamba Shirango 3⁰31῾23.503”S 39⁰45´56.521”E River Rare Shirango 3⁰29῾41.042”S 39⁰15”28.829”E Market Place Shirango 3⁰29´38.412”S 39⁰15´28.575”E Mosque Ndarako Shirango 3⁰29῾42.822”S 39⁰15´27.081”E House Holds Shirango 3⁰32῾09.018”S 39⁰40´01.140”E Water Tanks Shirango 3⁰32῾01.898”S 39⁰39´34.640”E Community Water Vendor point PETANGO PRIMARY Shirango 3⁰32῾11.830”S 39⁰37´54.181”E SCHOOL PETANGO PRIMARY Shirango 3⁰32῾29.452”S 39⁰31´20.929”E SCHOOL Shirango 3⁰20῾57.886”S 39⁰58´11.941”E HOUSE HOLDS PRIMARY Shirango 3⁰21῾04.900”S 39⁰58´11.335”E SCHOOL Shirango 3⁰20῾55.988”S 39⁰58´15.100”E CHURCH KOMOEO TINGAL TAP Shirango 3⁰32῾04.587”S 40⁰00´15.701”E WATER Shirango 3⁰16῾59.146”S 40⁰00´11.969”E CHURCH HALAKO Shirango 3⁰17῾08.028”S 40⁰00´04.189”E BALONI Shirango 3⁰17῾01.266”S 39⁰59´59.028”E HOUSEHOLDS Shirango 3⁰21῾02.759”S 39⁰59´43.042”E HOUSEHOLDS Shirango 2⁰54῾20.438”S 39⁰53´57.147”E HOUSEHOLDS NGALA MEMEORIAL Shirango 3⁰21῾02.789”S 39⁰59´43.042”E SECONDARY Matsangoni Kararacha 3⁰23῾44.361”S 39⁰54´56.686”E HOUSEHOLDS Kararacha 3⁰23῾49.061”S 39⁰54´58.289”E HOUSEHOLDS Kararacha 3⁰23῾52.679”S 39⁰55´05.280”E DISPENSARY Kararacha 3⁰23῾51.531”S 39⁰55´09.645”E SCHOOL Kararacha 3⁰23῾33.353”S 39⁰55´09.279”E PETER BARISA FUNGO Kararacha 3⁰23῾33.526”S 39⁰55´10.506”E LUCKY BARISA FUNGO Roka 3⁰32῾34.618”S 39⁰54´32.761”E ROKA Roka 3⁰26῾37.499”S 39⁰54´26.196”E HOUSEHOLDS Roka 3⁰23῾49.022”S 39⁰54´59.006”E HOUSEHOLDS Matsangoni 3⁰25῾49.022”S 39⁰54´59.006”E HOUSEHOLDS Social Assessment Report Page 144 Matsangoni 3⁰23῾52.759”S 39⁰55´04.656”E HOUSEHOLDS Matsangoni 3⁰23῾53.472”S 39⁰55´06.448”E HOUSEHOLDS Matsangoni 3⁰23῾52.690”S 39⁰55´11.164”E HOUSEHOLDS Shirango 3⁰17῾07.884”S 40⁰00´04.362”E HOUSEHOLDS Shirango 3⁰17῾05.136”S 39⁰59´53.034”E HOUSEHOLDS MARKET Shirango 3⁰29῾41.042”S 39⁰15´28.829”E PLACE MOSQUE Shirango 3⁰29῾38.412”S 39⁰15´28.575”E NDARAKO PRIMARY Shirango 3⁰29῾42.822”S 39⁰15´27.086”E SCHOOL GANZE HEALTH CARE Shirango 3⁰32῾31.715”S 39⁰41´30.821”E CENTRE GUYO GALGALO Shirango 3⁰20῾57.886”S 39⁰58´11.941”E HOUSEHOLD PRIMARY Shirango 3⁰32῾01.898”S 39⁰39´34.640”E SCHOOL Shirango 3⁰20῾55.988”S 39⁰58´15.100”E CHURCH K0MEO TINGAL TAP Shirango 3⁰17῾04.587”S 40⁰00´15.701”E WATER Shirango 3⁰16῾59.146”S 40⁰00´11.969”E CHURCH HALAKO Shirango 3⁰17῾08.028”S 40⁰00´04.189”E BALONI HAMISI Shirango 3⁰17῾07.266”S 39⁰59´59.028”E BAJILA WATER Marafa Chamaria 3⁰32῾09.018”S 39⁰40´01.140”E TANKS COMMUNITY WATER VENDOR Chamaria 3⁰32῾01.898”S 39⁰39´34.640”E POINT PENTAGO PRIMARY Chamaria 3⁰32῾11.830”S 39⁰37´54.181”E SCHOOL Chamaria 3⁰32῾29.452”S 39⁰31´20.929”E POSHO MILL DHUKALE Chamaria 2⁰54῾13.715”S 39⁰53´57.445”E GALDESA SHEDRACK Chamaria 2⁰54῾20.438”S 39⁰53´57.147”E WARIO Gede 3⁰21῾03.344”S 39⁰59´14.450”E DAABASO Tana River Coordinates of VMGs Description of No Y X Lat Long Village Name Feature Mulanjo 1 0⁰19´04.222S 39⁰30´58.588E -0.317839444 39.51627444 Mulanjo dispensary Mulanjo 2 0⁰19′04.394S 39⁰31′06.781E -0.317887222 39.51855028 Mulanjo Madrasa(Islamic) Social Assessment Report Page 145 Mulanjo Islamic 3 0⁰19′04.355S 39⁰31′08.733E -0.317876389 39.5190925 Mulanjo Marsa Mulanjo main 4 0⁰19′06.632S 39⁰31′05.154E -0.318508889 39.51809833 Mulanjo road Maroel high 5 0⁰27'59.025 39⁰36′25.238E -0.466395833 39.60701056 Madogo school 6 0⁰28'09.394 39⁰36′23.916E -0.469276111 39.60664333 Madogo Samira Mosque Marvel high 7 0⁰27'56.454 39⁰36′28.446E -0.465681667 39.60790167 Madogo school road 8 0⁰27'66.233 39⁰36′27.100E -0.468398056 39.60752778 Madogo Mulanjo road 9 1⁰30'46.2025S 40⁰02′12.889E -1.512833889 40.03691361 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 10 1⁰30'44.594S 40⁰02′12.610E -1.512387222 40.03683611 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 11 1⁰30'45.120S 40⁰02′12.745E -1.512533333 40.03687361 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 12 1⁰30'46.009S 40⁰02′14.984E -1.512780278 40.03749556 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 13 1⁰30'44.667S 40⁰02′15.508E -1.5124075 40.03764111 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 14 1⁰30'43.542S 40⁰02′15.504E -1.512095 40.03764 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 15 1⁰30'42.505S 40⁰02′15.004E -1.511806944 40.03750111 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 16 1⁰30'41.432S 40⁰02′13.801E -1.511508889 40.03716694 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 17 1⁰30'40.577S 40⁰02′14.230E -1.511271389 40.03728611 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 18 1⁰30'46.099S 40⁰02′15.184E -1.512805278 40.03755111 Hamesa Hamesa mosque 19 1⁰08′54.024 39⁰58′17.41 -1.14834 39.97150278 Ngomeni Ngomeni mosque 20 1⁰08′58.27 39⁰58′17.62 -1.149519444 39.97156111 Ngomeni Ngomeni mosque 21 1⁰08′59.71 39⁰58′19.23 -1.149919444 39.97200833 Ngomeni Ngomeni mosque 22 1⁰08′55.24 39⁰58′19.60 -1.148677778 39.97211111 Ngomeni Ngomeni mosque Mitobini primary 23 1⁰08′16.30 39⁰58′01.51 -1.137861111 39.96708611 Mitobini school Mitobini primary 24 1⁰08′37.36 39⁰57′25.18 -1.143711111 39.95699444 Mitobini school Mitobini primary 25 1⁰08′31.72 39⁰57′08.84 -1.142144444 39.95245556 Mitobini school Social Assessment Report Page 146 Annex IX: NGO Board registered NGOs in Coastal region by Counties Project Postal Physical Sector Amount Return SN Organization Name Address Address Telephone Email Name Kenya Year LAMU COUNTY P.O Box 184 +254 - 0701 - AFRIKA ABLE - 80500 Alipenda 517850/ 0725 - info@afrikable 1 ORGANIZATION Lamu House, Lamu 490608 .org 2012 P.O Box 3328 - +254 - 042 - ECO-ACTION 80100 Mpeketoni, 2164020/0721 - ecoaction34@ 2 ORGANIZATION Mombasa Lamu district 971849 gmail.com 2011 AYUDA NINOS DE AFRICA ( i.e HELP FOR P.O. Box 254 733 CHILDREN OF 249 - 80500 726894,0721 - 3 AFRICA) - KENYA Lamu Wiyooni 510852 2011 EE'MAH'S P.O Box 213 ORPHANAGE - 80500 +254 - 042 - muyahundi@y 4 PROJECT Lamu 633589 ahoo.com Children 15,000.00 2012 TANA RIVER COUNTY Nduru Village, P.O Box Chara LIVING 40215 - Location Tana livingecosyste ECOSYSTEMS 80100 Delta (Tana +254 - 0721 - ms@yahoo.co 1 PROGRAMME Mombasa River) 721444 m 2010 P.O Box Idsowe village, TANA - RIVER 41730 - shirikisho LIFE 80100 location,Tana +254 - 0723 - gabrielteo@ya Agricult 1,520,750. 2 FOUNDATION Mombasa river district 521774 hoo.com ure 00 2011 KILIFI COUNTY P.O. Box 43544 GPO 80100 254 041 charity@swift 893,822.0 1 CHARITY PEOPLE Mombasa Mtwapa Kilifi 5485627/722 msa.com Children 0 2010 EAST AFRICAN Takaingi CENTER FOR THE village in EMPOWERMENT P.O. Box takaungu sub OF WOMEN AND 85085 location, kilifi sjeneby@easta Educati 2,041,018. 2 CHILDREN Mombasa distr +254 721 712848 ficancenter.org on 00 2011 GAPEKA P.O Box 306 Opposite CHILDREN'S - 80108 seahorse hotel, +254 - 0734 - richardkarani 3 HOPE CENTRE Kilifi Kilifi 408472 @yahoo.com 2011 KENYAMED AID FUNDS FOR PROMOTION OF NATURAL MEDICINE IN PO BOX Ntepeni Kilifi info@KENYA 4 KENYA 608 Mtwapa District 254 721 227985 MED.ORG Health 80,043.00 2011 P.O BOX New Titantic +254 - 0417 - 117 - 80108 Building , 522442/0713 - info@komaza. Environ 33,534,75 5 KOMAZA KENYA Kilifi Kilifi Town 942780 org ment 6.45 2010 RAFIKI Al- Guwerah PARTICIPATORY P.O Box 350 complex, DEVELOPMENT - 80108 Biashara st. +254 - 0722 - rchilumo@yah Agricult 771,300.0 6 PARTNERS Kilifi Kilifi 708906 oo.com ure 0 2012 TEACH THE P.O Box 986 +254 - 0716 - gkkemei@gma Educati 7 WORD Mtwapa Mtwapa, Kilifi 807837/0727 - il.com on 40,600.00 2011 Social Assessment Report Page 147 Project Postal Physical Sector Amount Return SN Organization Name Address Address Telephone Email Name Kenya Year INTERNATIONAL 511731 Kilifi district, UPENDO kanamai - Off CHILDREN'S P.O Box 401 Mombasa - DEVELOPMENT - 80109 Malindi +254 - 0721 - info@upendoh Agricult 865,342.0 8 ORGANIZATION Mtwapa highway 425818 ome.org ure 0 2010 P.O. Box 974 80108 Mnarani Kilifi Kilifi plot Plantation no. Kilifi farm shop off WILD LIVING group v/280 Mombasa- 254 20 robbernett@wi Environ 3,815,070. 9 RESOURCES Mnarani Malindi Road 3872964/38728 ld-living.com ment 00 2012 JUHUDI COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT P.O Box 496 +254 - 0722 - Agricult 156,500.0 10 ORGANIZATION Kilifi 597981 ure 0 2011 KENIA - HILFE P.O Box 775 Malindi +254 - 041 - info@kenia- Educati 145,984.0 11 BUXHEIM e.v Kilifi Casuarina 525277 kinder-hilfe.de on 0 2010 STRENGTHENING Populati COMMUNITY on and PARTNERSHIP P.O Box 203 Biashara Rd Reprodu AND - 80108 Arcade +254 - 041 - scope@scopek ctive 3,035,758. 12 EMPOWERMENT Kilifi Building 522419/126 enya.org Health 00 2010 P.O Box 886 TUUNGANE - 80108 +254 - 041 - tuunganepwani 13 PWANI Kilifi 522385 @yahoo.com Energy 12,000.00 2012 MOMBASA P.O.Box 88987, Off Airport CAMP DAVID Mombasa Rd, Chaani 3430182,072187 campdavidcent Governa 2,077,901. 1 CENTRE 80100 Mombasa 5745 re@yahoo.com nce 00 2010 CENTRE FOR HUMANITARIAN PLOT 322 choicek@afric OUTREACH AND MOMBASA aonline.co.ke, INTER- P.O.BOX MUNICIPALI www.choicehu CULTURAL 82120 TY +254 - 041- maniatarian.or 446,000.0 2 EXCHANGE NAIROBI MOMBASA 224406 g Relief 0 2011 P.O. Box CHILDREN OF 34012 Plot 1197 Chui childtochildke AFRICA Mombasa Road Nyali nya@hotmail.c 3,285,138. 3 ORGANISATION 80118 Mombasa +254 720 947012 om Children 00 2009 P.O Box +254 - 0714 - coastlifefounda COAST LIFE 99653 Mtongine 881251/0722 - tionorganizatio 4 FOUNDATION Mombasa Mombasa 590122 n@yahoo.com 2010 COAST ORGANIZATION Karimi FOR THE P.O.Box Building Moi PHYSICALLY 80708,Mom Avenue 254-2-225830 / coastorg@yah 5 IMPAIRED basa Mombasa 22412 oo.com 2009 ARROW PLAZA, JOMO DARAT HIV/AIDS P.O BOX KENYATTA INTERNATIONAL 92648 AVENUE +254-0722-221- darathivaid@y HIV/AI 1,749,325. 7 AGENCY MOMBASA MOMBASA 907 ahoo.com DS 00 2009 DT 72 P.O. Box info@dicktiger INTERNATIONAL 96674- Kisauni 254 725 808151, 72olympianher Disabilit 2,577,548. 8 NGO 80103 Mombasa 721 525221 o.org y 00 2010 Social Assessment Report Page 148 Project Postal Physical Sector Amount Return SN Organization Name Address Address Telephone Email Name Kenya Year Mombasa P.O Box Youth 96690 - Empowerment HATUA LIKONI 80110 center Likoni - +254 - 0710 - info@hatualik Educati 3,704,273. 9 ORGANIZATION Mombasa Mombasa 668742 oni.org on 00 2011 Tss Investment building, Moi HEALTH AND P.O Box Avenue NUTRITION 80093 - Mombasa DEVELOPMENT 80100 Opposite +254 - 041 - viconsultants HIV/AI 10 SUPPORT Mombasa Equity bank 2229359 @yahoo.com DS 22,000.00 2010 P.O BOX Msanifu info@hepa- HEART PASSION 924 80100 Kombo Street international.or 11 INTERNATIONAL NAIROBI Mombasa 0722954391 g 2012 Hacot Centre vijiweni HUMANITARIAN Pumwani AND P.O Box Village CHARITABLE 84686 - Mtongw +254 - 0713 - ONE TRUST 80100 Mombasa 101911/0722 - info@hacot.or Informat 12 KENYA Mombasa Kenya 831014 g ion 12,500.00 2010 P.O Box 16028 - INTER AFRICA 80111 Sokomjinga, +254 - 0721 - interafricareso RESOURCE Mtongwe Mto Ngwe - 650211/0725 - urceorg@gmai Agricult 150,000.0 13 ORGANIZATION MSA Mombasa 768242 l.com ure 0 2012 INTERNATIONAL P.O. Box Shree Links EDUCATION AND 34098 - House #3Links SPORTS 80118 Nyali 254 41 473650, mwalimu@ma 14 CONSULTANTS Mombasa Mombasa 725 844062 il.com 2010 P.O Box 352 Vescon 1, +254 - 020 - JABULANI - 00200 Bamburi, 2198750/0721 - jabufoundation 15 FOUNDATION Nairobi Mombasa 647211 @gmail.com 2010 JUHUDI COMMUNITY P.O Box SUPPORT 99836 Moi avenue +254 - 0722 - juhudicenter@ Governa 16 CENTER Mombasa Mombasa 657112 gmail.com nce 60,000.00 2011 KENYA YOUTH P.O Box Port Sacco ECONOMIC 43269- Building Moi EMPOWERMENT 80100 Avenue +254 - 0736 / Peace 17 ORGANIZATION Mombasa Mombasa 507440 Building 20,000.00 2009 Malindi- Mombasa Highway opp KUHENZA FOR Gede petrol THE CHILDREN'S P.O Box 49 station +254 - 042 - 18 FOUNDATION Gede Watamu 32570 Children 31,000.00 2011 P.O Box 294 LIFE - SPRING - 80109 Mtwapa FOUNDATION Mtwapa Mombasa near +254 - 0720 - sobiakenya@y 100,000.0 19 (AFRICA) KENYA Mombasa post office 785607 ahoo.com Welfare 0 2010 P.O Box LIVIU JOSEPH 80059 - NYAGA 80100 Off - Lunga +254 - 0721 - liviujnyaga@g 20 FOUNDATION Mombasa Rd. Mombasa 361729 mail.com Youth 50,000.00 2012 P.O BOX Mombasa County 96718 80110 21 Youth League LIKONI MOMBASA 2012 22 PEOPLE OF P.O Box LR no +2542553015 info@equip.co 2012 Social Assessment Report Page 149 Project Postal Physical Sector Amount Return SN Organization Name Address Address Telephone Email Name Kenya Year AFRICA 18093 00500 209/9722 .ke INTERNATIONAL Mombasa FOUNDATION PEOPLE UNITED P.O Box Noia Kuu, Old TO SAVE THE 81729 Town, +254 - 041 - push06@safe- 200,000.0 23 HARBOURLINE Mombasa Mombasa 2222989 mail.net Welfare 0 2010 P.O. Box 53176 - Mombasa Rd ( POVERTY RELIEF 00200 South C +254 735 needy200ke@ 24 AID Nairobi Bellevue) 173211/735 1 yahoo.com 2010 Along new mombasa p.o Box maling road SAUTI YA AKINA 42455 opposite +254 - 0726 - sautikenya@ya Environ 25 MAMA KENYA Mombasa ziwala ngombe 922272 hoo.com ment 76,000.00 2010 P.O. Box SAVEDA 40151- CHARITY 80100 +254 722 saveda_childre 435,220.0 26 SAVINGS Mombasa Mombasa 886898/720 rn@yahoo.com Children 0 2010 Archbishop Makarios, SOLIDARITY P O Box road, WITH WOMEN IN 17038, Gankjoni, solwodi@iken HIV/AI 15,457,15 27 DISTRESS Mombasa Mombasa 254-11-222327 ya.com DS 1.00 2009 MIKINDANI MOMBASA CHANGAMW STAR OF HOPE P.O.BOX E INTERNATIONAL 86346 CONSTITUE +254 041 sohif@africao 28 FOUNDATION MOMBASA NCY 3434875/072 nline.co.ke Children 2010 TECHNOLOGY AND CARE FOR P.O Box +254 - 0723 - IMPROVED 88470 Sheetal plaza 809252/020 - tecafili@gmail 29 LIVELIHOOD Mombasa Mombasa 3548029 .com 2010 THE COAST P.O. Box No. 1320 RESIDENTS 1919 Beach Rd, 30 PLATFORM Mombasa Mombasa Others 2,000.00 2010 Kilifi district, UPENDO kanamai - Off CHILDREN'S P.O Box 401 Mombasa - DEVELOPMENT - 80109 Malindi +254 - 0721 - info@upendoh Agricult 865,342.0 31 ORGANIZATION Mtwapa highway 425818 ome.org ure 0 2010 P.O.Box Old Mombasa wema@africao 88820- Malindi road- nline.co.ke/inf 80100 Bamburi +254 041 o@wemacentr HIV/AI 1,795,368. 32 WEMA CENTRE Nairobi Uyange 473843/ 072 e.org DS 00 2011 P.O. Box 974 80108 Mnarani Kilifi Kilifi plot Plantation no. Kilifi farm shop off WILD LIVING group v/280 Mombasa- 254 20 robbernett@wi Environ 3,815,070. 33 RESOURCES Mnarani Malindi Road 3872964/38728 ld-living.com ment 00 2012 KWALE COUNTY COASTAL AID P.o box 308- lualenyi Daivy coastalaiadken 1 KENYA 80300 Taita building +254 20 823000 @yahoo.com 2011 PLOT 179 EARTH PEACE P.O.BOX 7- CHACHEWA earthpeaceint_ INTERNATIONAL 80302 ROAD kenya@yahoo. Environ 2 - KENYA TAVETA TAVETA 0722471451 co.uk ment 15,000.00 2010 Social Assessment Report Page 150 Project Postal Physical Sector Amount Return SN Organization Name Address Address Telephone Email Name Kenya Year LEGAL AID AND ENLIGHTENMEN P.O. Box Utumichi Hse HIV/AI 373,985.0 3 T NETWORK 255 Nairobi Taveta 254 043 5352217 DS 0 2009 UTAMADUN P.O.BOX I ROAD TECHNICAL 93-80302 TAVETA HIV/AI 4 LINKAGE KENYA TAVETA TOWN 043-5352026 DS 40,000.00 2010 TAITA TAVETA COUNTY COASTAL AID P.o box 308- lualenyi Daivy coastalaiadken 1 KENYA 80300 Taita building +254 20 823000 @yahoo.com 2011 PLOT 179 EARTH PEACE P.O.BOX 7- CHACHEWA earthpeaceint_ INTERNATIONAL 80302 ROAD kenya@yahoo. Environ 2 - KENYA TAVETA TAVETA 0722471451 co.uk ment 15,000.00 2010 LEGAL AID AND ENLIGHTENMEN P.O. Box Utumichi Hse HIV/AI 373,985.0 3 T NETWORK 255 Nairobi Taveta 254 043 5352217 DS 0 2009 UTAMADUN P.O.BOX I ROAD TECHNICAL 93-80302 TAVETA HIV/AI 4 LINKAGE KENYA TAVETA TOWN 043-5352026 DS 40,000.00 2010 Social Assessment Report Page 151 Annex X: Status of project implementation in Coastal Region by Counties A: Lamu County Project Name Cost estimates Time Frame Implementing Source of Implementation Status. (Kshs) Agency Funds AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT NALEP SIDA 6.1 M 2012-2017 County SIDA The programme is Agriculture ongoing and has covered Officer. 60% of the county. Cotton Development 2M 2012-2017 County GOK The programmes are Agriculture ongoing and embraced by Officer. 30% of farmers. Njaa Marufuku Kenya 2.1 M 2012-2017 County GOK The programmes have Agriculture achieved 40% of its Officer. objectives. National acceleration of 16.84 M 2012-2017 County GOK The programmes agricultural inputs access Agricultural enrolment is at 60%. Programme Officer Water harvesting for crop 12 M 2012-2013. County G)K (CDF) The programme is at 20% Irrigation Programme Agricultural implementation. Officer. Witu Livestock Development 6.8 M 2012-2014 County Livestock GOK The programme is at 60% Farm Production implementation. Officer. County Livestock 2 M 2012-2015 County Livestock GOK The programme covers Production services Production Officer 60% of the target group. Ranch revitalization under 10 M 2010-2014 Ranch GOK- The enrolment of the Economic Stimulus management. Economic programmes stand at 40% Programme. Stimulus Programme. Disease control programme 2.5 M 2012-2013 County Veterinary GOK The programme coverage Officer is at 80% Faza cold storage plant 16 M 2012-2013 County Fisheries GOK The project is at 70% (Stalled Project). Officer. complete Fish land sites and offices 0.7 M 2012-2013 County Fisheries World Gazettment Officer Wildlife Fund. The programme is at 20% complete. Fish farming enterprise 10.7 M 2012-2013 County Fisheries GOK The programme is at 60% productivity programme Officer complete. (phase 2) Mokowe Physical 1M 2012-2013 Physical Planning GOK Ongoing with 90% Development plan Office, Lamu complete County Council Muhamarani Local Physical 1M 2012-2013 Physical Planning GOK Ongoing with 90% Development Plan. Office, Lamu complete County Council Development Plan. 1M 2012-2013 Physical Planning GOK Ongoing with 80% Office, Lamu complete County Council Natural Forest 5M 2012-2013 County Forest GOK Programmes ongoing and Social Assessment Report Page 152 Project Name Cost estimates Time Frame Implementing Source of Implementation Status. (Kshs) Agency Funds Conservation Programme Officer. has achieved 60% of the objectives. Dry land Forest Development 5 M 2012-2013 County Forest GOK Programmes ongoing and Programme Officer. has achieved 40% of the objectives. National Youth Service 2M 2012-2013 National Youth GOK Programmes ongoing and Agro Forestry Programme Service. has achieved 60% of its objectives. ENERGY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND ICT Customs Jetty 394 M 2012-2013 Ministry of Public GOK The project is at 50% Works implementation Headquarters. Matondoni Jetty and Sea 131 M 2012-2013 Ministry of Public GOK wall Extension Works The project is at 60% Headquarters. implementation Ndau Sea wall construction 312 M 2012-2013 Ministry of Public GOK The project is at 60% and Repair of Kizingitini Works implementation. Seawall and Lamu Sea Headquarters. walls. Rural Electrification 16 M 2012-2013 Kenya Power and GOK The programme is at 40% Programme Lighting implementation (County wide) Corporation. Road No. C112 Nyongoro- 3M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going Mokowe Jetty Road No. D565 Mkunumbi 11.3 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (C112)- (Hongwe) Road No. D 567 C112 0.4 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Witu) - T/River County Boundary Road No. D568 C112 3.8 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Hindi) - Bodhei Road No. E 865 D 568 22 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Bodhei) - Somali border Road No. E 866 E 865 11.4 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Kiunga) - Mkokoni \Road No. E 867 D 568 1.3 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Bargoni) - Ndununi Road No. E 881 C 112 0.6 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Nongoro)- Moa Road No. E 882 C 112 1M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Witu) - Maleli Road No. E 883 C 112 11 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Witu) - Pandanguo C 112 to (Mkunumbi) Road No. E 884 C 112 0.6 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Witu) T/river dist. Boundary (Dide Waride) Road No. E 885 C 112 2.3 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Mokowe) to Mashudwani Road 886 C 112 (Mokowe) 1.9 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going Mararani Social Assessment Report Page 153 Project Name Cost estimates Time Frame Implementing Source of Implementation Status. (Kshs) Agency Funds Road 887 D 565 0.7 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Mkunumbi) Kizuke Road 888 D 565 5M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Mpeketoni) – Baharini Tewe-Kiongwe – Ngoi Road 991 Mtangawanda 9.8 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going Kizingitini Road No. G 3301 C 112- 1M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going Mkunumbi 1.5 Road No.L 3301 D 565 0.9 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Mapenya)- E 888(Tewe) Road No.L 3302 D 1M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going 565(Mapenya) -Bomani Road No.L 3303 D 565 0.6 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Mpeketoni)- L3301 Road No.L 3304 D 565 0.2 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Mpeketoni) Lake Kenyatta Road No.L 3305 E 888 0.5 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going L3301 Road No.L 3306 D 565 – 0.2 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going Mpeketoni sec. school Road No.L 3307 E 888 1.2 M 2012-2013 KERRA GOK On-going (Baharini) Lake Amu L 3308 E 888 (Tewe) L 2.8 M 2008-2014 KERRA GOK On-going 3307 (lake Amu) URP 1 E866(Mambore) – 6.9 M 2012-2017 KERRA GOK On-going E886(Mkokoni) GENERAL ECONOMICS, COMMERCIAL AND LABOUR AFFAIRS Joint Loan Board 7M 2012-2017 CTDO GOK and Lamu The loan advancement Programme County Council and repayment is at 60% implementation. HEALTH Malaria Control 7M 2012-2013 County Public GOK The programme is at 70% programme Health Officer implementation. Shanga Ishakani 3.5 M 2012-2013. County Public Lamu East The project activities Dispensary Health Officer. CDFC. cover 40% implementation Kizingitini Health Centre. 21.2 M 2012-2013 CMOH GOK- The project is at 50% Lamu west CDFC Economic implementation. Stimulus Programme Pharmacy and Laboratory 2012-2013 CMOH GOK- The project is at 45% block at Faza Sub District Economic implementation. Hospital. Stimulus Programme Witu Health centre 21.2 M 2012-2013 CMOH GOK- The project is at 8% Economic implementation Lamu West CDFC EDUCATION Social Assessment Report Page 154 Project Name Cost estimates Time Frame Implementing Source of Implementation Status. (Kshs) Agency Funds Mpeketoni Secondary 7M 2012-2013 Education GOK The project is at initial stage - 20% implementation Basuba Primary school 4M 2012-2013 Lamu East CDFC Lamu East C On-going. DFC Tewe Secondary school 5M 2012-2013 Lamu West CDFC Lamu West C On-going DFC Lamu Girls Secondary 5M 2012-2013 GOK Lamu West The project is at initial CDFC phase -20% implementation PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Poverty Eradication Fund 4M 2012-2017 County GOK The loan repayment is at Development 40% implementation Planning Officer FM radio services N/A 2012-2017 CDC GOK The programme reach is at 20% implementation SOCIAL PROTECTION, CULTURE AND RECREATION Cultural activities and 2M 2012-2017 Curator –Lamu GOK On-going international heritage days museums Drought management 20 M 2012-2017 CMO GOK . On-going. initiative Coordination of drought 0.6 M 2012-2017 NDMA K.R.D.P- The mitigation measures management activities ASAL DM can be ranked at 50% Women Enterprise 4M 2012-2017 CSDO GOK The repayment stands at Development Fund 50% Youth Enterprise 2M 2012-2017 County Youth GOK The repayment stands at Development Fund Officer 50% Programme GOVERNANCE ,JUSTICE LAW AND ORDER SECTOR Registration and issue of 0.1 M 2012-2017 County Registrar GOK identification(ID) card of Persons The programme implementation stands at 60% Community policing 0.1 M 2012-2013 OCPD GOK The programme penetration is at 10% ENVIRONMENT ,WATER AND SANITATION SECTOR Lamu water supply. 10 M 2012-2013 County Water Co- GOK The project is at initial ordinator. phase of implementation at 20% Mokowe water supply 7M 2012-2013 County water GOK The project is at initial . Coordinator. phase of implementation estimated at 20% Bargoni water supply 5M 2012-2013 County water Co- GOK The programme is ordinator ongoing at 30% implementation Rehabilitation of 2M 2012-2013 County Co- GOK The programme is dams/pans in the county ordinator; Coast ongoing at 20% Water Board. implementation Water Harvesting for 4M 2012-2013 County Irrigation GOK The programme is Irrigation officer. ongoing at 40% Social Assessment Report Page 155 Project Name Cost estimates Time Frame Implementing Source of Implementation Status. (Kshs) Agency Funds implementation Drilling of five Boreholes 23 M 2012-2013. CWO GOK Project On-going 30% to serve the LAPPSET area complete. and its environs. Construction of 7.5 km 6M 2012-2013. CWO GOK Project On-going 50% water project from complete Magogoni to Port Area. Distilling and expansion of 1.5 M 2012-2013 CWO GOK At the procurement stage. Koreni water pan Mangai Shallow wells 1.2 M 2012-2013 CWO GOK At the procurement stage. Tchundwa primary school 0.462 M 2012-2013 CWO GOK Project On-going 90% Water harvesting complete. Rehabilitation of Ndau 0.8 M 2012-2013 CWO GOK At the procurement stage. Djabias and well Patte wells 1M 2012-2013. CWO GOK At the tendering stage. Bargoni water supply 2M 2012-2013. Lamu West CDFC Lamu West On-going at the tendering Hindi/ Magogoni Location CDFC stage. Hindi /Magogoni Division Ishakani village water 0.25 M 2012-2013. CWO GOK At the tendering stage. harvesting. B: Tana River County Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Agricultural and Rural Development Sector Crop, Pests and Disease Control and 14M Continuous MoA, GOK. 50% complete Management (County Wide) MoLD Agricultural Extension 7.9M Continuous MOA GOK. 50% complete Services (County Wide) Improved Nutrition 2M Continuous MoA, GOK. Not stated (County Wide) MoLD High Value Banana Promotion 15M Continuous County Agricultural GOK; 50% complete (County Wide) Office (HCDA); Red Cross; Catholic Diocese of Garissa. Oil crop promotion 20M Continuous Ministry of GOK; Not stated (County Wide) Agriculture World Bank Cotton promotion 5M Continuous Ministry of GOK Not stated (County Wide) Agriculture Value addition 1.5M Continuous Ministry of GOK; Not stated (County Wide) Agriculture World Bank Water harvesting for high value crop 10 M Continuous Ministry of SIDA 100% complete production Agriculture (County Wide) Citrus Fruit project 0.8M Continuous County Agricultural GOK; Not stated (County Wide) Office HCDA. Mango Promotion 15M Continuous County Agricultural GOK. 50% complete (County Wide) Office Social Assessment Report Page 156 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Promotion of 4 K and young farmers 2M Continuous County Agricultural GOK. 75% complete (youth in agriculture) Office; County Wide County Livestock Production Office; County Education office Revival of Tana Delta Irrigation To be Continuous TARDA TARDA Not stated Project determined (Garsen Constituency) by TARDA Mumias Sugar Company Cottage Industries for Mangos 7.5M Continuous Private investors; Private investors; 40% complete (Galole and Bura Constituencies NDMA,; County GOK; Agricultural Office World Bank. Promotion of food security through 0.8M Continuous County Agricultural GOK 5% complete improvement of storage capacity Office (County Wide) NALEP-SIDA 30M Continuous County Agricultural GOK; 100% complete (County Wide) Office; SIDA. County Livestock Production Office. Njaa Marufuku Kenya 7.7M Continuous County GOK 75% complete (County Wide) Coordinating Unit Livestock Improvement 2M Continuous CLPO GOK; Not stated (County Wide) World Bank. Bee keeping 3.5M Continuous CLPO GOK; Not stated (County Wide) World Bank; Action Aid. Disease and Pest Control 5M Continuous Veterinary GOK; Not stated (County Wide) department World Bank; ADB. Clinical Services 2.5M Continuous Veterinary Private Sector; Not stated (County Wide) department and GOK. private service providers. Hides and Skins 2.5M Continuous Veterinary GOK. Not stated Improvement department (County Wide) Upgrading of indigenous poultry 5M Continuous CLPO GOK; Not funded (County Wide) World Bank. Dairy goats small ruminants project, 7M 2008-2015 CLPO GOK; Not stated (County Wide) World Bank. Veterinary Public Health service 2.5M Continuous Veterinary GOK; Not stated (County wide) Department ADB; TRCC. Fodder bulking and conservation 12.5M Continuous CLPO GOK Not stated (County Wide) Auction Yards (Hola, Nanighi and 4M Continuous CLPO GOK; Not stated Charidende) World Bank; Galole and Bura Constituency CDF; LATF. Land Adjudication (County Wide) 5M By 2015 Land adjudication GOK Not stated and Settlement Department. Planning of 13 trading centres 16M By 2015 Department of GOK; TRCC Not stated Minjilla, Tarasaa, Kipini, Hola, Bura, Physical Planning; Madogo, Bangale, Wenje, Tana River County Social Assessment Report Page 157 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Charindende, Kalkacha, Hara, Council. Waldena. County Wide Ndera Integrated Agricultural Not stated Continuous Ministry of Lands GOK Not stated Development Project local part development plan Garsen Constituency Ngao land adjudication 1.2M Continuous Ministry of Lands GOK Not stated Garsen Constituency Kilelengwani Market survey 0.99M Continuous Ministry of Local GOK Being Garsen Constituency Government redesigned Forest Extension Services 17.5M Continuous Forestry GOK; World Bank; Not stated (County Wide) department; Arid TRCC. Lands Resource Management Project; Kenya Wildlife Services Afforestation 12M Continuous Forest Department GOK; World Bank; Not stated County Wide Community; TRCC. Demonstration Plots 4M Continuous Forestry GOK; Not stated County Wide Department; Kenya World Bank. Wildlife Services Indigenous Forest Management and 8M Continuous Forestry GOK Not stated Conservation Department County Wide NDMA; KWS Protection of Mangrove 5M continuous KFS GOK; Not stated Garsen Constituency RECOMP Conservation of Bio-Diversity of the 50M Continuous KWS GOK Not stated Tana Primate National Game Reserve Gazettement of Forests 10M Continuous Forestry GOK Not stated County Wide Department; Survey Department. Agro-forestry Programme 4M Continuous Forestry GOK Not stated County Wide Department and Agriculture Department. Promotion of gums and resins 0.8M Continuous Forestry GOK; Not stated County Wide Department and Private investors Agriculture Department Cooperative Education and Training 6M Continuous Co-operatives GOK Not stated County Wide Department Renovation of Kipini and Tarasaa 3.0M Continuous DFO (fisheries) GOK Not stated fisheries offices and residential houses at Kipini Garsen Constituency Aquaculture development 1.8M Continuous DFO (Fisheries) GOK; Not stated Garsen Constituency World Bank Kipini Fish Market 0.7M Continuous Ministry of County Not stated Garsen Constituency Fisheries Social Assessment Report Page 158 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Development Council of Tana River Transport acquisition and security for 2.46M Continuous Director of GOK Not stated the speed boat Fisheries Garsen Constituency Surveillance and patrols 3M Continuous DFO (fisheries) GOK Not stated Garsen Constituency General Economic, Commercial and Labour Affairs Trade Courses 5M Continuous Trade Development GOK; Not stated County Wide Department Business persons. County Joint Loan Board Funding 6M Continuous Trade Development GOK; Not stated Scheme Department TRCC. County Wide Construction and Rehabilitation of Jua 21M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated Kali Sheds Hola, Bura, Garsen, Kipini, Enterprise CDF; Tarasaa, Madogo and Bangale Towns Development TRCC. Form and Strengthening Jua Kali 5M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated Association Enterprise Jua Kali artisans. County Wide Development Tana River Tourism Marketing 50M Continuous Kenya Tourist GOK Not stated Campaign Programme Board County Wide Construction and certification of 6 30M Continuous Kenya Tourist GOK; TRCC; Not stated home stay sites Board; Ministry of Private investors. County Wide National Heritage and Culture; KWS; Tana River County Council; Private investors Expansion of Mchelelo tented camp 4M Continuous Kenya Wildlife GOK. Not stated Wenje Division Services. Galole Constituency Energy, Infrastructure and ICT Routine Roads Maintenance County 600M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 60% Wide Board; Roads Department complete Resealing of Malindi-Garsen Road 300M Continuous Department of GOK Feasibility Garsen Constituency Roads study, Engineering design. Boka-Bangale Road 180 M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 100% Bura Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Bura town-Bura East Bridge Road 50M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 70% Bura Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Hola- Wenje Road (E874) 64.5M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 40% Galole Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Hola- Garsen Road- B8 2.3 B Continuous Kenya Roads GOK; Construction Galole Constituency Board; Roads Donors. Department; on going by Social Assessment Report Page 159 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status National Youth NYS Service Masalani- Boji- B8 Road 100M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK; Under Galole Constituency Board; Roads Donors. Department design Hola-Rhoka-Bura (E869) 70.2M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 15% Galole Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Bura Manyatta-Bura Bridge (E863) 38.1M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. On-going Bura Constituency Board; Roads Department Hola- Waldena-Mutha Road (E723) 600M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 40% Galole Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Junction A3-Mbalambala Road (E981) 210M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 100% Bura Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Makere to B8 Junction Road 40M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 40% Galole Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Hola-Haroresa and Kalkacha- Dayate 200M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 15% roads Board; Roads Galole Constituency Department complete Daba-Waldena Road along Lagha 24M 20013-2015 Kenya Roads GOK. Due to start Galole drift Board; Roads Galole Constituency Department Bura-Chewele-Ghamano Road 120M 2013-2015 Kenya Roads GOK. 30% Bura Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Nanighi-Sala-Dokanotu Road 170M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 40% Bura Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Madogo-Mbalambala Road 350M 2013-2015 Kenya Roads GOK. 40% Bura Constituency Board; Roads Department complete Bura-Chifiri-Wayu Road 100M Continuous Kenya Roads GOK. 100% Bura and Galole Constituencies Board; Roads Department complete Graveling of Ozi-Manono Road 40M Continuous Department of GOK 40% Garsen Constituency Roads complete Gravelling of Gamba-Kitere Road 120M Continuous Department of Government of 70% Garsen Constituency Roads Kenya complete Kilelengwani –Kau Road 10M Continuous Department of Garsen CDF 90% Garsen Constituency Roads LATF CDTF complete Government of Kenya Beautification and street lighting of 10M Continuous Tana River County TRCC. Not stated Hola town Council Galole Constituency Construction of modern market in 44M Continuous Tana River County TRCC. Not stated Hola and Garsen. Galole and Garsen Council Constituencies Electrification of Government offices 150M Continuous KPLC; GOK Not stated and houses in Hola Government Galole Constituency Ministries Social Assessment Report Page 160 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Electrification of Madogo Government 24M Continuous KPLC; GOK; Not stated institutions and households Private investors; Private investors. Bura Constituency Government institutions Electrification of Bura, Wenje and 72M Continuous KPLC; GOK; Not stated Bangale Markets Private investors; Private investors. Bura, and Galole Constituencies Government institutions Extension of Rural Electricity to 1,2B 2008-2015 Department of GOK Not started Kilelengwani, Ozi, Kone Mansa, Energy Chara, Oda, Golbanti and Kipao Garsen Constituency Extension of Electricity to Idsowe Cost not Continuous KPLC GOK Not stated Garsen Constituency known Supply of Solar Power on commercial 10M 2008-2015 Private investors; GOK; Not started Basis at affordable Price Ministry of Energy Private investors. County Wide Exploitation of Other Alternative 30M 2008-2015 Private investors; GOK; Not started Sources of Power Ministry of Energy Private investors. County Wide Environmental Protection, Water and Housing Hola Water Supply Sanitation Project 45.5M Continuous Coast Water GOK 55% Galole Constituency Services Board/ GOK complete Ngao Water Supply 60.5M Continuous Coast Water GOK 46% Garsen Constituency Services Board complete Chirfa and Hirimani wells. 1.85M continuous Coast Water GOK; 0% Bura Division Services Board; World Bank Bura Constituency ARLMP 11 complete Roof catchments in schools and health 30M Continuous Coast Water GOK; 8% facilities Services Board; CDF; County Wide German Agro German Agro complete Action Action. Bangale Integrated Safe water and 25M Continuous Catholic Diocese of Catholic Diocese of 5% Sanitation project Garissa Garissa. Bangale Division complete Bura Constituency Hand Dug shallow Wells/Boreholes 95M Continuous Coast Water Red Cross; 50% Project Services Board; GOK; County Wide Arid Lands CDF; complete Resource LATF. Management Project 11; Red Cross Development of Pans 60M Continuous Coast Water GOK; 20% County Wide Services Board; CDF; Arid Lands LATF; complete Resource German Agro Management Action. Project 11 Bura Water supply and sanitation 15M Continuous Coast Water GOK 5% complete system Services Board Bura Constituency Tana River to hinterlands canals 180M Continuous Coast Water GOK; 1% complete Social Assessment Report Page 161 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Bura Constituency Services Board/ CDF; GOK Donors. Dams and shallow wells along the 4 60M Continuous Coast Water GOK; CDF; 0% complete laghas, Services Board; German Agro County wide ALRMP II Action; LATF. Ground water exploration in the 10M Continuous Coast Water GOK 55% complete hinterlands Services Board County Wide WASH Programme 33M Continuous UNICEF; County GOK; 6% complete (County wide) Education Office; Government of County Water Netherlands; Office UNICEF Community. Closure of Brooks 20M Continuous N.W.C.P.C Government of 15% complete Garsen Constituency Kenya Garsen CDF UNICEF Rehabilitation of Hola irrigation 520M Continuous National Irrigation GOK; Arab Not stated scheme Board BADEA Galole Constituency Hola Irrigation Scheme 2nd Phase 2B Continuous National Irrigation GOK; Kuwait Pre-feasibility (Gravity intake for project) Board; Donors Fund; Arab stage Galole Constituency (Kuwait Fund; BADEA; OPEC BADEA) Fund. Maramtu Irrigation Project 2.5M Continuous Irrigation and GOK. 20% complete Bura Constituency Drainage Department; County Agriculture Department Gubatu Irrigation Project 2.3M Continuous Irrigation and GOK. 80% complete Saka, Madogo Division Drainage Bura Constituency Department; County Agriculture Department Bondeni Irrigation Project 2.6M Continuous Irrigation and GOK. 90% complete Ndura, Drainage Galole Constituency Department; County Agriculture Department. Kalaule Irrigation Project 2.7M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; CDF. 0% complete Zubaki, Galole Constituency Drainage Department; County Agriculture Department. Maratani Irrigation Project 1.8M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; CDF. 0% complete Makere, Galole Constituency Drainage Department; County Agriculture Department. Kinakomba Irrigation Project 2.2M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; CDF. 0% complete Ndura, Drainage Wenje Division Department; Galole Constituency County Agriculture Department. Wardhesa Irrigation Project 2.1M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; CDF. 0% complete Chewele, Drainage Bura Constituency Department; County Agriculture Department. Social Assessment Report Page 162 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Quarboma Irrigation Project 2.7M Continuous Irrigation and GOK. 0% complete Madogo, Drainage Bura Constituency Department; County Agriculture Department. Bukuyu Irrigation Project 2.5M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; CDF. 0% complete Mororo, Drainage Bura Constituency Department; County Agriculture Department. Bohoni Irrigation Project 2.1M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; CDF. 80% complete Milalulu, Drainage Galole Constituency Department; County Agriculture Department. Ghorei Minor Irrigation Scheme 2.2M Continuous Irrigation and GOK. Design has been Galole Constituency Drainage revised and is Department; ready. County Agriculture Departmental Department. funding availed during current financial year and procurement procedures are on- going. Farmers prepared for implementation Boji Community Irrigation Scheme 2.5M Continuous Irrigation and GOK. Survey for Boji Wenje Division Drainage farmers carried out Galole Constituency Department; and project set to County Agriculture be implemented Department. through CDA. Revival of Jajavo, Jara, Almaghan and 10M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; Feasibility studies Masabubu Minor Irrigation Schemes Drainage CDF. carried out. Survey in Bura Constituency Department; for production of County Agriculture design documents Department. yet to be done. Al-mukaram Irrigation project 3.0M Continuous Irrigation and GOK; Design ready and Drainage CDF. department has Department; provided funding County Agriculture to change canal Department. supply to piped supply – 20% complete. Soil and water conservation 0.75M Continuous Ministry of GOK. On-going County Wide Agriculture; spearheaded by NEMA; Ministry of MoA, NDMA, Water and Irrigation CDF Rehabilitation of degraded areas and 12.5M Continuous NEMA GOK/World Bank. Not stated catchment areas County Wide Construction of VIP Pit latrines in 12M Continuous German Agro GOK; TRCC; Not stated institutions and in trading centres Action; German Agro County Wide Public Health Action; Catholic Office; Tana River Diocese of Garissa. County Council; Catholic Diocese of Garissa. Environmental Impact Assessments & Need basis Continuous NEMA GOK. Not stated Social Assessment Report Page 163 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Audits County Wide Rehabilitation of quarries and mine 30M Continuous Mines and Geology GOK; Mining Not stated sites Department companies. Bura Constituency Education Early Child Hood Development 15M Continuous County Education GOK; CDF; LATF; Not stated County Wide Department; Aga Khan Community Foundation School Feeding Programme County 10M Continuous County Education GOK; World Food Not stated Wide Department; World Programme Food Programme Supply of Text Books to Schools 59M Continuous County Education GOK; NGOs. Not stated County Wide Department; NGOs; CBOs; Hakoka, Daku, Makere, Laini, Bohoni, 80M Continuous County Education GOK; CDF; LATF; Not stated Kiarukungu, Kone, Dayate, Rafiki, Department; Community Shikaadabu, Ghamano, Tune, Community; CDF; Kamagur, Korati, Dokanatu Primary LATF; schools rehabilitation project NGOs/CBOs; County Wide Community. Construction of Classrooms in 190 67.6M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated Primary Schools in Garsen Education Garsen CDF; Constituency CDTF; TRCC; World Vision; US Marine Construction of 590 VIP Toilets for 29.5M Continuous Department of GOK Not stated Primary Schools in the County Education UNICEF Garsen CDF Construction of 47 No. Kitchens for 28.2M Continuous Department of GOK Not stated SFP. Education US Marine; County wide Garsen CDF; UNICEF Construction of 47 No. food stores. 4.7M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated County Wide Education US Marine; Garsen CDF; UNICEF Girl Child Education 40M Continuous Education GOK; Not stated County Wide Department; NGOs; Community; CBOs. NGOs/CBOs; Provincial administration Bursary 100M Continuous County Education GOK; CDF. Not stated County Wide Department; CDF/LATF, Donors Monitoring and Supervision and 25M Continuous County Education GOK. Not stated Evaluation Department; County County Wide Monitoring and Evaluation Committee. Community Learning Resource 8M Continuous Department of GOK; Action Aid; Not stated Centres Adult Education CDF; LATF. County Wide Literacy Campaign and Recruitment 2M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated Drive Adult Education Action Aid. County Wide Social Assessment Report Page 164 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Mobile school project for pastoral 10M Continuous ALRMP 11; County GOK; Not stated communities Education World Bank. County Wide Department; CDF; NGOs Science Laboratory Project 10M Continuous County Education GOK; CDF; Not stated County Wide Department; CDF; Donors. Donors School I. T Programme 17.5M Continuous County Education GOK; Not stated County Wide Department; CDF; NDMA; CDF; Donors. Donors Free Primary Education 320M Continuous County Education GOK. Not stated County Wide Department/ GOK Free Secondary Education 1200M Continuous County Education GOK. Not stated County Wide Department/ GOK HIV/AIDS Education County Wide 5M Continuous County Education GOK; NGOs. Not stated Department Mau Mau Girls, Wenje, Hola Boys, 40M Continuous County Education GOK; CDF; LATF. Not stated Madogo, Hirimani, Kipini, Tarasaa, Department; CDF; Garsen, Gadeni, Tarasaa, Ngao LATF; ALRMP 11; Secondary Schools Rehabilitation Department of Project Public Works. County Wide Boarding Wings Project in 13 Primary 51.5M Continuous County Education GOK; CDF; LATF. Not stated schools Department; CDF; County Wide LATF; NDMA; Department of Public Works. Children in Need of Special Protection 15M Continuous County Education GOK; NACC; Girl Not stated (CNSP) Department; Child Network; County Wide Children’s Action Aid. Department; NGOs; NACC; CBOs Prize giving awards 10M Continuous County Education GOK; TRCC; Not stated County Wide Department; Private NGOs; Private sector; NGOs; sector. CBOs Health Immunization (KEPI) 6M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated County Wide Public Health and UNICEF. Sanitation Malaria Prevention and Control 15M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated Programme County Wide Public Health and Red Cross; USAID Sanitation. (APHIA 11) IMCI 7.5M Continuous Department of GOK; International Not stated County Wide Public Health and Medical Corps. Sanitation; Department of Medical Services. TB control and care 8M Continuous Department of GOK; International Not stated County wide Public Health and Medical Corps; Sanitation; USAID (APHIA Department of 11) Medical Services. Reproductive Health 25M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated County Wide Public Health and USAID (APHIA Sanitation; 11) Social Assessment Report Page 165 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Department of Medical Services. Communicable Diseases Control/ 5M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated Disease surveillance Public Health and WHO. County Wide Sanitation. Nutrition 5M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated County Wide Public Health and UNICEF. Sanitation; Department of Medical Services. Development of Rural health Facilities 100M Continuous Department of CDF; Not stated County Wide Public Health and LATF; Sanitation GOK; DANIDA. Health Action Days/ Integrated mobile 3M Continuous Department of GOK; Not stated health service outreaches Public Health and APHIA 11; County Wide Sanitation Action AID; UNICEF; DANIDA. Upgrading Bura Health centre to Sub- 1BN Continuous Department of GOK. Not stated county status Public Health and Bura Division Sanitation; Department of Medical Services. Power supply to health facilities 25M Continuous KPLC; GOK; CDF Not stated County Wide Private electricians; Merchants Staff Quarters 100M Continuous Department of GOK; CDF; LATF. Not stated County Wide Public Works; Department of Housing. Strengthen the Rural Press 2M Continuous Ministry of GOK. Not stated County Wide Information and Communication Mobile phone services to the 20M Continuous Telkom; Safaricom; Mobile Phone Not stated Hinterlands County Wide Airtel; GOK Service Providers. Governance, Justice, Law and Order Peace Campaign Programme 10M Continuous Provincial GOK; Not stated County Wide Administration World Bank; Kenya Police; Tana Tana Peace Peace Reconciliation and Reconciliation and Development Development. Community Policing Programme 10M Continuous Police; Community GOK. Not stated County Wide Kenya Police lines at Hola, Bangale, 126M Continuous Office of the GOK. Not stated Bura, Madogo, Garsen, Gamba Police President (Police); lines Department of Public Works. Public Administration and International Relations County Treasury ICT System 0.8M 2008-2015 Ministry of Finance. GOK. Not started Galole Constituency Bura Sub-County Treasury 5M Ministry of Finance; GOK. Complete Continuous Department of Public Works. Social Assessment Report Page 166 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status County Information and 10M Continuous Ministry of GOK; Not started Documentation Centre (CIDC) Devolution and ADB (Rehabilitation of Planning DIDC completed) Feasibility and Rural appraisal 2.5M Continuous Ministry of GOK. Not started systems Devolution and County Wide Planning County Monitoring and Evaluation 5M Continuous GOK/ Ministry of GOK. On-going County Wide Devolution and Planning County Development Database and 2.5M Continuous County Statistical GOK. Not started County Statistical Abstract Office (KNBS). Social Protection Culture and Recreation Registration and capacity building of 5M Continuous Gender and Social GOK. Not stated groups Services County Wide Department. Mainstreaming Gender, PWD issues in 2M Continuous Gender and Social GOK. Not stated all sectors of development Services County Wide Department. Setting up Social Development 3.5M Continuous Gender and Social GOK. Not stated Structures Services County Wide Department. Social Development Grants 10M Continuous Gender and Social GOK. Not stated County Wide Services Department; Community Women Enterprise Fund 15M Continuous Gender and Social GOK. Not stated County wide Services Department; Community Formation and capacity building of 9M Continuous Children’s GOK. Not stated Divisional and Locational Area Department; NGOs; Action AID; Advisory Committees on children UNICEF USAID (APHIA issues. 11); UNICEF; Girl County Wide Child Network. Stop Violence Against Girl Child 130M Continuous Action Aid; Girl Big Lottery Fund. Not stated Project Child Network; County Wide Children’s Department; Big Lottery Fund. People with Disabilities Project 15M Continuous National Council GOK; Not stated County Wide for People with National fund for Disabilities; NGOs; People with CDF; ALRMP 11 Disabilities. Sports Development. 7M Continuous CDF; LATF; GOK; CDF; LATF. Not stated County Wide Sports Department; Sports Federations and Associations Model Youth polytechnic as a centre 10M Continuous Ministry of Youth GOK; CDF. Not started of specialization. Tumaini Affairs and Sports; Bura Constituency CDF Hola Youth Polytechnic 8M Continuous Ministry of Youth GOK; CDF. Complete Galole Constituency Affairs and Sports; CDF Constituency Youth Enterprise Fund 5M Continuous Ministry of Youth GOK. Not stated County Wide Affairs and Sports; Youth Enterprise Development Fund 10M Continuous Ministry of Youth GOK. Not stated County Wide Affairs and Sports; Social Assessment Report Page 167 Project Name Cost Time Frame Implementing Source of Funds Implementation Kshs Agency status Financial Intermediary Youth and Development programmes 1.75M Continuous Ministry of Youth GOK. Not stated County Wide Affairs and Sports Long term Food Security programme 43M Continuous Red Cross Red Cross Not stated County Wide HIV/AIDS Programme 40M NDMA Ministry of Health; GOK; Not stated County Wide Department of APHIA plus; Medical Services Action AID; NACC; APHI NACC; Aplus; CBOs; NASCOP; Government CBOs; Ministries International Medical Corps. C: Kilifi County Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status Agriculture and Rural Development Sector Agricultural Extension services 37.5 2012-2015 District Agricultural Office GOK Ongoing county wide (Bahari, Ganze, Kaloleni, Malindi, Magarini, Rabai) Crop Production Enhancement 20 2012-2015 District Agricultural Office GOK Ongoing (Bahari, Ganze, Kaloleni, county wide Malindi, Magarini, Rabai) Cashew nuts rehabilitation and 5 2012-2017 District Agricultural Office GOK 2 cottage industries enhancement (Bahari, Ganze, Kaloleni, Private Investors established. Malindi, Magarini, Rabai) Programme ongoing. county wide Cotton Development in Goshi, 1 2012-2017 District Agricultural Office, GOK Ongoing Ganda, Malindi, Gede, Watamu, Malindi. Jilore and Langobaya Locations Coconut Industry Revitalization 10 2012-2015 Kenya Coconut Development GOK On-going Agency (KCDA) CDF County wide KCDA KAPAP 23.5 2010-2015 KAPAP office, Kilifi World Bank Ongoing. Formation of common interest Bahari, Ganze & Kaloleni groups and enterprise constituencies development planning ongoing. Mobilization of implementing agencies and service providers has been done. Community resource assessment done. Enhancement of food security 8 2012-2017 DAOs & GOK 2 water harvesting through water harvesting DLPOs Kilifi County structures complete. County wide Njaa Marufuku Kenya 12.7 2012-2017 DAOs, Kilifi County GOK Ongoing Creation of a livestock disease free 110 2012-2015 Ministry of Livestock GOK Zone policy zone(DFZ) Development, Kilifi Development developed County wide partners Zone policy gazetted Social Assessment Report Page 168 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status Quarantine stations being surveyed and fenced Holding grounds at Mariakani being rehabilitated, Quarantine stations to be erected, stakeholders sensitizations ongoing, Vetinary labs at Mariakani being rehabilitated. Capacity Building of Co-operative 1 2013 District Cooperative Officer GOK Ongoing Unions Kilifi County wide Manyeso Dairy Value addition 0.3 2013 District Cooperative Officer GOK Ongoing Malindi Division Malindi Co-operative members Malindi Farmers Co-op Society Ltd 0.2 2013 District Cooperative Officer GOK Ongoing - Value addition Malindi Co-operative Malindi Town members Agro-forestry and Wood Fuel 9.75 2010-2013 Kilifi and Malindi Zonal Forest GOK Ongoing. 3000 Resources programme Office; Kenya Wildlife KOMAZA NGO farmers currently County wide. Services Vipingo Ridge involved in agro SIDA forestry and on farm KEFRI tree planting. Tree nurseries programme 3 2012-2017 Kilifi and Malindi Zonal Forest GOK Ongoing County wide Office; SIDA School tree planting 6 2012-2015 Kilifi Zonal and Malindi Forest GOK-( ESP, Ongoing. 100 County wide Office; District Youth Office, KKV) schools so far Kilifi County. involved in planting and nurturing. Mangrove Conservation 27.1 2012-2017 East Africa Wildlife Society DANIDA Ongoing through Malindi and Bahari Constituencies GOK community CDTF associations like Kuruwitu Community. Conservation education outreach 5 2012-2017 NEMA; Zonal Forest Office, GOK Ongoing program Kilifi and Malindi DANIDA County wide Fish Farming Enterprise Project 107 2012-2015 District Fisheries Office, Kilifi GOK Ongoing. 51per cent (ESP) & Malindi of the targeted County wide fishponds are completed and stocked. Kuruwitu Community Marine 18 2012-2013 District Fisheries Officer, DANIDA; Ongoing Conservation Project Kilifi; Kuruwitu Community. East African Wildlife Society Construction of fish cold store 3 2009-2013 District Fisheries Office Kilifi GOK( MDGs) 70per cent complete. Kilifi North Constituency Kilifi Central Awaiting Three Beach phase electricity and Management finishes. Unit Mariculture Development 17 2009-2013 District Fisheries Office Kilifi GoK Ongoing CAST/ 2 ventures County wide COMRED established for prawn NGOs farming; 500 fisher Social Assessment Report Page 169 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status folk capacity built. Chakama Squatter Settlement 20 2009-2013 -District Lands Office GoK Ongoing Scheme -District Land Adjudication and Malindi Division Settlement Office -District Physical Planning Office -District Lands Surveyor -District Land Registrar, Malindi Garashi Adjudication section 0.2 2009-2013 District Lands Office, District GoK Ongoing Magarini division Land Adjudication and Settlement Office; District Physical Planning Office; District Lands Surveyor; District Land Registrar, Malindi Dagamra Adjudication section 0.2 2009-2013 District Lands Office, District GoK Ongoing Magarini division Land Adjudication and Settlement Office; District Physical Planning Office; District Lands Surveyor; District Land Registrar, Malindi Mavueni – Kaloleni -Mariakani 1300 2010-2013 KeNHA GoK At tendering stage Road Kilifi South & Kaloleni Constituencies E899 Gede-Kakuyuni Road 1 2011-2013 KeRRA GoK Tendering Stage Gede and Goshi Locations Malindi Division D898 Mere-Madunguni Road 3 2011-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going. Gede and Goshi Location Malindi Division D555 Mambrui-Baricho 13 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Magarini and Marafa Divisions. D895Msabaha-Sabaki/Mijikenda 4 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Road Ganda and Goshi Location Malindi Division D901 Marafa Garashi Road 1 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Marafa Division E891 Fundisa-Adu Road 3 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Fundisa Location Magarini Division E1921 Kabiboni-Ramada Road 3 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Marafa Division. E899 Gede-Watamu Road 1 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Malindi Division E899 Gede-Watamu Road 60 2012-2013 KURA GoK Ongoing Malindi Division E900 Malindi-Jacaranda Road 4 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Malindi Division E896: E895-Kikombetele Road 7 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Malindi Division UUA1 B8-Prison Road 2 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Malindi Division Social Assessment Report Page 170 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status E 933: Gotani- Nzovuni River 6 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Kaloleni Constituency E 931: Kibaokiche – Mkapuni 5 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Kaloleni Constituency E929: Kaloleni_ Mbuyuni Rd 5 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Kaloleni Constituency UnK4: Kizurini-Makomboani 3 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Kaloleni Constituency URA1: Kwamadaba-Kizingo Rd. 2 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Kaloleni Constituency Bamba Rd. 6 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Ganze Constituency D551: Bamba-Ganze-Kasava Rd. 5 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Ganze Constituency E915: Wachifa-Jila-Katendewa Rd. 5 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Ganze Constituency E919: Vitengeni-Ganze Rd. Ganze 4 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Constituency URA5: Kwanguma-Majanani- 6 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Mnarani Rd. Kilifi North Constituency D556: Mitangoni-Mtwapa Rd. Kilifi 4 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going South Constituency E925: Lutsangani-Pingilikani Rd. 4 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Kilifi South Constituency E928: Chasimba-Mwarakaya Rd. 3 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Kilifi South Constituency URA39: Mwarakaya-Chije- 2 2012-2013 KeRRA GoK On-going Chengoni-Mtepeni Rd. Kilifi South Constituency RAR1: Mkwajuni-Mazuka 1 2011-2012 KeRRA GoK On-going Kilifi South Constituency URA1: Mwarakaya-Kizingo Rd. 1 2011-2012 KeRRA GoK On-going Kilifi South Constituency Rural Electrification 43.2 2011-2013 REA GoK On-going Kaloleni Constituency CDF (Kinarani market, Chalani dispensary, Rabai Constituency (Mikahani Sec Sch, Changombe Sec Sch) Rural Electrification 34.8 2011-2013 REA GoK On-going Ganze Constituency (Kitwengani CDF market, Shangweni Market, Mtsara wa Tsatsu Market) Rural Electrification 42.7 2011-2013 REA GoK On-going Kilifi South Constituency CDF (Chasimba-Gadini Pry School, Majaoni Sec sch/Market, Mtepeni Market/ Tunzanani Dispensary, Bahari Pry Sch, Ezamoyo dispensary) Rural Electrification 32.1 2010-2013 REA GoK On-going Magarini Constituency (Misufini CDF mkt, Bomani mkt, Khaembeni Borehole, Magarini mkt/Sec, GIS mkt, Social Assessment Report Page 171 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status Wakala mkt, Sosoni mkt/Disp, Kwa Masaai mkt, Ulaya mkt, Baricho mkt, Bungale mkt) Rural Electrification 36.65 2010-2013 REA GoK On-going Malindi Constituency CDF (Jilore Market/Dispensary/Sec Kakoneni mkt/Girls Sec/Disp, Gede/Mijombani Mkt) Expansion/rehabilitation of the 3 2010-2013 District Development Office, African On-going DIDC Kilifi North & Malindi Bahari & Malindi; Development 95per cent complete Constituencies County Works Office Bank General Economic, Commercial and Labour Affairs Sector Joint Loans Board Funding Scheme 5.0 2012-2013 Ministry of Trade GOK Ongoing County wide Establishment of fresh produce and 50.0 2010-2013 Ministry of Local Government; GOK Ongoing wholesale market in all Ministry of public Works constituencies (ESP) Construction and equipping of 17.5 2010-2013 Ministry of Industrialization; GOK Ongoing. Constituency Jua Kali Sheds, Ministry of public Works Construction at Constituency Industrial various stages Development Centres (CIDC)- ESP County wide ILO/IPEC Child Labour Project 21.2 2009-2016 ILO/IPEC ILO Ongoing County wide Ministry of Labour SOLWODI SCOPE Moving the Goal posts Health Sector Model Health Centres (ESP) 80.0 2010-2013 Ministry of Public Health, GoK On-going Kilifi County; County Public County wide Works Office. Construction of Maternity ward at 4.0 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF Ongoing Chalani Dispensary Kaloleni Kilifi County; County Public Division (Kaloleni) Works Office. Maternity construction at 4.0 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF Ongoing Tsangatsini Dispensary. Mariakani Kilifi County; County Public Division (Tsangatsini). Works Office. Maternity ward construction at 4.0 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF Ongoing Viragoni Dispensary. Kaloleni Kilifi County; County Public Division (Mwanamwinga). Works Office. Construction of Maternity ward 4.0 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF Ongoing Shangia Dispensary. Mariakani Kilifi County; County Public Division. Works Office. Construction of Maternity ward at 4.0 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF Ongoing Kinarani dispensary. Mariakani Kilifi County; County Public division (Mwanamwinga loc.) Works Office. Mtsengo dispensary. Kaloleni 4.0 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF Ongoing division (Kaloleni loc.) Kilifi County; County Public Works Office. Health Sector Services Fund 2.7 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, GoK All GoK health County wide Kilifi County centres benefitting from the funds. Midoina dispensary staff quarters 1.9 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Ganze Ongoing Ganze Constituency Kilifi County Sokoke Dispensary staff quarter 1.5 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Ganze Ongoing Social Assessment Report Page 172 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status Ganze Constituency Kilifi County Jila Dispensary Staff Quarter 1.5 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Ganze Ongoing Ganze Constituency Kilifi County Konjora Dispensary 2.0 2009-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Bahari Dispensary block Kilifi South Constituency Kilifi County complete; toilet at starting stage Kizingo Dispensary 3.1 2010-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Bahari Finishing stage Kilifi South Constituency Kilifi County Mavueni Dispensary 4.3 2009-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Bahari Dispensary Kilifi North Constituency Kilifi County LATF complete; staff quarters and toilet under construction. Mtepeni Dispensary 1.5 2011-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Bahari Renovation of roof Kikambala Division Kilifi County complete; Kilifi South Constituency District Water Officer, Kilifi construction of well 70per cent complete Zowereni Dispensary 3.9 2008-2013 Ministry of Public Health, CDF, Bahari On-going Tezo, Kilifi County Kilifi North Constituency Health HIV&AIDS and Nutrition 5.2 2009-2013 World Vision, Bamba IPA; Government of Ongoing Project (Bamba Integrated Project, Ministry of Public Health, South korea World Vision) Kilifi Ganze Constituency Right to Health (Plan International 31.4 2011-2015 Plan International, Kilifi DFID, NORAD, Ongoing Project) USAID and Plan Kilifi South & Ganze Constituencies Finland) Education Sector Kilifi South and North Constituency 31.24 2011-2013 Ministry of education, Public GoK (CDF) On-going CDF Secondary schools. Works 80per cent complete CDF Kilifi North and South Kilifi South and North Constituency 13.8 2009-2013 Ministry of education, Public GoK (CDF) On-going CDF primary schools Works 60per cent complete CDF Kilifi North and South Construction of CDF primary 9.4 2010-2013 CDF Ganze GoK (CDF) Ongoing schools Project Management Ganze Constituency Committees Construction of CDF secondary 20.7 2010-2013 CDF Ganze GoK (CDF) Ongoing schools Project Management Ganze constituency Committees Construction of CDF classrooms 64.8 2008-2013 Ministry of Education GOK; CDF; Ongoing Kaloleni Constituency NGOs Garashi Primary school 1.7 2010-2013 Ministry of Education GOK The classrooms are LATF 20per cent complete. Chakama Secondary school 1.7 2010-2013 Ministry of Education GOK 2 classrooms are LATF 95per cent complete. Malindi CDF Seconday schools 6.7 2010-2013 Ministry of Education GOK The classrooms are CDF 70per cent complete. Malindi High School -ESP 30.0 2010-2013 Ministry of Education- GOK Project is on-going Economic Stimulus Programme and it is 80per cent ( ESP) complete. Magarini Secondary school-ESP 30.0 2010-2013 Ministry of Education- GOK The project is 90per Economic Stimulus Programme cent complete. (ESP) Magarini CDF primary schools 20.6 2010-2013 Ministry of Education GOK The project is 60per CDF cent complete. Magarini CDF secondary schools. 11.9 2009-2013 Ministry of Education GOK The project is 60per Social Assessment Report Page 173 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status CDF cent complete. Malindi ADB Secondary Schools 2.55 2010-2013 Min. of Education ADB The project is 80per cent complete. Marafa Secondary School-ADB 0.85 2011-2013 Min. of Education ADB The project is 80per cent complete. Education Project (Bamba Integrated 9.4 2007-2013 Ministry of Education; Government of Supported 20 best Program Area Development) World Vision South Korea performing pupils Ganze Constituency each year with school fees subsidy Constructed and equipped 2 early child development centres (FY10 – Mabathani, Construct 3 standard classrooms (FY10 – 3 classrooms @ Katendewa Equipped most needy schools with 900 desks ( Awarding of prizes to best pupils, schools and teacher Right to Quality Education (Plan 5.83 2009-2015 Ministry of Education About 63per cent Strengthening School International) Plan International of the funds governance and Kilifi North, Kilifi South & Ganze were raised management Constituencies through grants practices in 15 from various schools through donors (DFID, training of SMC NORAD, committees USAID and Plan -Construction of two Finland). The interconnected remaining 37 per classrooms cent was raised constructed at through child Mikuluni and Bokini sponsorship Primary schools -Learn without Fear campaign-1080 pupils engaged; Life skills training for children A total of 335 children with special needs were assessed out of which 106 were referred to schools while the rest to Hospitals for medical attention. Public Administration and International Relations Sector Community Empowerment and 11.8 2009-2013 MDP ADB Expansion of Institutional Support Project GOK Malindi DPU is at (CEISP) County wide 95per cent and Rehabilitation of Bahari DPU is at 95per cent District Poverty Eradication 8.0 2010-2013 MDP GOK On-going Revolving Loan Fund Social Assessment Report Page 174 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status Malindi and Ganze constituencies Millennium Development Goals 25.0 2009-2013 MDP Government of Ongoing. Proposals (MDGs) Phase 11 Programmes. Finland; GOK for innovative Bahari, Ganze & Kaloleni interventions in Constituencies appraisal stage; one workshop for stakeholders held. Social Protection, Culture and Recreation Sector Kick AIDS out of Kilifi - Girls 20.0 2008-2012 Moving the Goal Posts NGO Various Ongoing football stakeholders County wide Mapimo Youth Polytechnic 6.5 2008-2013 MOYAS GOK Ongoing Construction of a computer CDF laboratory,1 store and supply of equipment Magarini Division Constituency Youth Enterprise 22.5 2008- 2013 MOYAS GOK Ongoing. 202 groups Scheme. have received loans worth Kshs 9.4M as County wide at 30th September 2011. Kaloleni Youth Poly Kaloleni 1.1 2008-2013 MOYAS GOK Ongoing Division (Kaloleni) Mwabaya nyundo Youth Poly. 0.45 2008-2013 MOYAS GOK Ongoing Kaloleni Division (Kayafungo). Rehabilitation and equipping of 2 15 2008-2013 MOYAS GOK Ongoing model Youth Polytechnics as centres of specializations. Kaloleni Constituency Youth empowerment Centres. 18.1 2008-2013 MOYAS GOK Ongoing County wide Mwamtsunga Youth Poly. 0.65 2008-2013 MOYAS GOK Ongoing Rabai Division (Mwawesa). Women enterprise fund program 20.0 2008- 2013 MOCGSD GoK Ongoing.178 women groups have received County wide Kshs 9.4M with a repayment rate of 72.6per cent Cash Transfer for Older Persons 25.0 2009-2013 MOCGSD GOK Ongoing. Over 900 County wide households have benefitted with a total of about Kshs 25M. Bamba Integrated Program 25.1 2007-2017 World Vision Bamba IPA; Government of Purchased and sponsorship Project Children’s Department South Korea distributed 4000 Ganze & Kaloleni Constituencies school uniforms to needy orphans and vulnerable children -Supported construction of 20 semi-permanent structures for most vulnerable OVC families Governance, Justice, Law & Order Sector Social Assessment Report Page 175 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status Built houses for Administration 60.0 2008-2013 Provincial administration; GOK On going. 15 units Police Kilifi North & Rabai County Public Works already built; 15 Constituencies units ongoing. Construct 4 police posts 55.0 2008-2013 Provincial administration; GOK Tendering stage for 4 Kaloleni Constituency County Public Works police posts Construction of DC’s office 30.0 2008-2013 Provincial administration; GOK On going Ganze Constituency County Public Works Construction of DO’s office in 2.6 2008-2013 Provincial administration; GOK Ongoing (90per cent Langobaya Division County Public Works complete) Malindi Constituency Construction of Immigration Office 4.75 2010-2012 Immigration Office, Bahari & GOK 10per cent complete Kilifi South Constituency County Works Office Malindi Law Courts 252.0 2008-2013 Judiciary GOK Ongoing 80per cent Malindi constituency complete Environmental Protection, Water and Housing Sector Kamkunji Dam/Mariakani Water 8 .0 2010-2013 District Water Office, Kaloleni GoK Ongoing (70per cent Project complete) Kaloleni Constituency Mwele Chasimba Water Project 5.0 2010-2013 District Water Office, Kilifi GoK Ongoing (50per cent Kilifi South Constituency complete) Improvements of Bamba-Ganze line 6.0 2010-2013 District Water Office, Kilifi GoK Ongoing (70per cent Ganze Constituency complete) Jacaranda Baraka Tende WP(Jimba) 8.0 2010-2013 District Water Office, Malindi GoK Ongoing (80per cent Malindi constituency complete) Dzikunze/Ndugu Mnani pipeline 9.5 2009-2013 District Water Office, Ganze GoK Pipes purchased; Water project Plan Awaiting purchase of International fittings and laying of Vitengeni Division pipes. Ganze Constituency Kidemu Katendewa Pipeline Water 7.0 2009-2013 District Water Office, Ganze GoK Pipes purchased; Project Plan Awaiting purchase of International fittings and laying of Bamba Division pipes. Ganze Constituency Mabirikani Water Project 6.6 2010-2013 District Water Office, Kilifi CDF Ongoing Bahari Constituency Improvement/ Rehabilitation of 153 2009-2013 District Water Office, Kilifi WASSIP/ Ongoing Kilifi Reticulation International Development Agency Bamba Integrated Program Area 8.5 2011-2013 World Vision, Bamba Government of Excavation of Kajiri (Water & Sanitation) South Korea water pan; Continue Ganze Constituency capacity building and offer technical support to Emergency Response & Disaster Mitigation (ERDM) committees; Training of community and water users committees on Environmental conservation, conservation of water catchments areas and Social Assessment Report Page 176 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Project Location M Implementation Status water pan management; Training of PHAST and PHASE to primary schools and community; Support to Community Led Total Sanitation in 3 locations to Promotion latrine coverage and utilization in institutions & household level (Ongoing) Uhai Marikano Minor Irrigation 3.2 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Project Malindi Kakoneni Location, Langobaya Division Malindi Constituency Kakoneni Irrigation 2.9 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going In Kakoneni Location, Langobaya Malindi Division Malindi Constituency Mwandeje Irrigation Project 2.5 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Kaloleni Division Malindi Madoviani Irrigation Project 2.5 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Kaloleni Division Kaloleni Mtomkuu Irrigation Project 1.2 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Kaloleni Division Kaloleni Mwijo Primary Irrigation Project 0.5 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Mwanamwinga Division Kaloleni Kilonga Pan Irrigation Project 1.2 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Mariakani Division Kaloleni Lamkani Irrigation Project 1.2 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Mariakani Division Kaloleni Lutsangani Irrigation Project 3.2 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Chonyi Division Bahari CDF Kilifi South Constituency Darajani Irrigation Project 2.4 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Jaribuni Division Ganze Ganze Constituency Degudegu Dam Irrigation Project 2.1 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Vitengeni Division Ganze Ganze Constituency Kasidi Dam Irrigation Project 2.1 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Chonyi Division, Bahari Kilifi South Constituency Gongoni Irrigation Project 3.6 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Kikambala Division Bahari Kilifi South Constituency Mdachi Irrigation Project 4 2011-2013 District Irrigation Office, GoK On-going Jaribuni Division Ganze Ganze Constituency D: Mombasa County Social Assessment Report Page 177 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Source of Project Progress Agency Funds Agricultural and Rural Development Sector 2 water pans per Constituency 6.3m 2013-2017 Ministry of Agriculture GoK-MoA Design already done; (County wide) and stakeholders awaiting funding Promotion of fruit and 13M 2013- 2017 County Agriculture GoK Continuous emerging crops processing in Officer the county Promotion of cassava free from 3M 2013- 2017 County Agriculture GoK Continuous mosaic virus, sweet potato Officer County wide Promotion of enterprise based 7M 2013 -2017 County Agriculture GoK Groups formed in 3 groups in the County Officer Constituencies and training ongoing Introduction Of Tissue Culture 1.2M 2013-2017 County Agricultural GoK; Not started Banana Office HCDA Coconut Promotion And 8M 2013-2017 County Agricultural GoK; KCDA has formulated Production Programme Office KCDA regulations in coconut production and is creating awareness on them. Cashew Nut Production 3m 2013-2017 County Agricultural GoK Not yet started Office Mushroom Production 1.5m 2013-2017 County Agricultural GoK Not yet started Office Value Addition of Mangoes 7.5m 2013-2017 Private investors; Private Not yet started into Dried Mangoes County agricultural investors; office GoK. Production Of High Yielding 2m 2013-2017 Private investors; Private Not yet started Tomatoes County Agricultural investors Office Production of the African Birds 10m 2013-2017 Private investors; Private Not yet started Eye Chilli County Agricultural investors; Office GoK. Promotion of Poultry 4m 2013-2017 County Livestock GoK. Promotion of broilers, layers Production Production Office and local poultry breeds on- (CLPO) going Promotion of Fodder 10.5m 2013-2017 County Livestock GoK On-going esp. for dairy Production and Conservation Production Office farmers Empowering Extension Service 2.9m 2013-2017 County Livestock GoK Not started; extension Providers Production Office services currently provided only by the department Rehabilitation Of Communal 16.8m 2013-2017 Veterinary Department GoK; No cattle dips in the county. Cattle Dips Department of Public CDF. Works. Vaccination of Livestock In the 4m 2013-2017 Veterinary department GoK; Farmers Vaccination against rabies Constituency and foot and mouth is done. Cooperative Education and 4m 2013-2017 Co-operatives GoK On-going Training department Revitalize Dormant Fisheries 3m 2013-2017 Cooperative and GoK Not yet started; emphasis on Co-Operative Society Fisheries departments. BMUs Promotion of New Co- 10m 2013-2017 Co-operatives GOK Continuous programme by Operative Societies department. the office. Squatter Settlement Schemes 3m 2013-2017 Lands GoK Surveying and sub-division of land ongoing Preparation Of Zonal Plan 3m 2013-2017 Lands GoK Not yet started Social Assessment Report Page 178 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Source of Project Progress Agency Funds Land Adjudication And 4m 2013-2017 Lands GoK; Land On-going Registration Owners General Economic Commercial and Labour Affairs Joint Loans Board Scheme 15M 2013– 2017 County Trade Officer GoK and Continuous; In FY 2011/2, (Mombasa Municipality COUNTY Kshs. 5M received for Trade Development Joint DIRECTOR disbursement Board) County Wide OF EDUCATIO N Traders’ Training courses 32M 2013-2017 County Trade Officer GoK Training of SMEs ongoing Traders’ Extension Services 6M 2013-2017 County Trade Officer GoK Continuous Business Development 30M 2013– 2017 County Trade Officer GoK Not yet started through E-Commerce Construction And 15m 2013-2017 Department of GoK; Jua Kali sheds constructed Rehabilitation Of Jua Kali Enterprise CDF. in Kisauni, Changamwe and Sheds Development Likoni. Equipping not done. Strengthen Jua Kali 5m 2013-2017 Department of GoK; Not yet done Association Enterprise Jua Kali Development artisans. Construction of SME park in 2013-2017 Ministry of GoK Identification of project site Likoni or Kisauni Industrialization ongoing Energy, Infrastructure and ICT Dongo Kundu By Pass 29 billion 2012-2016 County Roads GoK; Donors Design complete; surveys Engineer (JICA) ongoing; works awaiting procurement Periodic and Routine 700M 2013-2017 County Roads Office GoK On-going maintenance of selected Roads County Wide Rural Electrification 34B 2013– 2017 KPLC GoK and On-going Programme Kisauni REA CDF constituency Environmental Protection, Water and Housing Marere 1983 340M 2013-2017 Coast water Service GoK, World Rehabilitation of pipeline (Inter County) Board Bank ongoing Rehabilitation of the existing 7.9M 2013-2017 County Water Office GoK Not yet started wells County wide Barsheba-Mushomoroni 5M 2013-2017 County Water Office Coast Water Not yet started Water Project Services Board Shanzu-Utange-Kiembeni 5M 2013-2017 County Water Office Coast Water Not yet started Water Project in Kisauni Services Constituency Board Mtopanga Primary school 4M 2013-2017 County Water Office Rotary Club Done by Rotary Club water project Borehole of Mombasa Mombasa. Kisauni Constituency Sabaki/Baricho Pipeline 900M 2013-2017 County Water Office GoK Minor repairs on pipeline (Inter - County) done Social Assessment Report Page 179 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Source of Project Progress Agency Funds Mzima Pipeline Phase II 45B 2013-2017 Coast Water Service GoK Phase 1 in progress as (Inter-County) Board supported by World Bank Improvement of the 700M 2013-2017 Coast Water Service CDF On-going; repairs done on Distribution Network County Board/MOWASCO pipeline sections wide Surveying and mapping out 1M 2013-2017 County Water Office GoK Not yet started existing wells and boreholes County wide Water quality, motoring and 3M 2013-2017 Coast Water Service GoK On-going activity together surveillance Integrated with Board with Department of Public Pollution Control Health and Sanitation County wide Rain Water Harvesting 19M 2013-2017 County Water Office; GoK Sensitization ongoing to County wide CDA encourage uptake by individual households Environmental Impact Need basis 2013-2017 NEMA GoK; Continuous Assessments and Audits Donors. Mangroves rehabilitation in 24M 2013-2017 County Environment CDF On-going as supported by Kisauni constituency Officer, County KYEP Forest Officer Education Sector Classrooms construction in 30M 2013-2017 Municipal education CDF and On-going as supported by primary schools Officer, CDF County ESP, CDF and ministry. Education Classrooms construction in 60M 2013-2017 County Education GoK , and More than 30 classrooms secondary schools Office, CDF CDF constructed under ESP and CDF SMASSE (in servicing of 7M 2013-2017 County Education GoK On-going; programme Maths & Science teacher’s) Office TSC Early Child Hood 10m 2013-2017 County Education GOK; CDF; On-going with supervision Development Department; LATF; Aga from County Director of Municipal Education Khan Education Office; Community. Foundation Bursary 60m 2013-2017 County Education GoK; CDF. On-going at secondary and Department; tertiary institutions CDF/LATF, Donors supported by CDF, LATF and MoE. Free Primary Education 160m 2013-2017 County Education GoK. On-going; all primary Department/ GoK schools covered Free Day Secondary 60m 2013-2017 County Education GoK. On-going; Education Department/ GoK Community Learning 8m 2013-2017 Department of Adult GoK; CDF; 3 Community learning Resource Centres Education. LATF. Resource Centres operational in Changamwe Constituency. Health Renovation of health 34M 2013-2017 County Health Office GoK On-going with support from facilities CDF CDF, LATF, Private sector and donors. Expanded programme on 7M 2013-2017 County Health Office GoK Continuous activity for immunization Donors department. Social Assessment Report Page 180 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Source of Project Progress Agency Funds HIV/AIDS programme 70M 2013-2017 DMOH, CACC GoK VCT, Home-Based Care, Coordinator Donors and ART available at facilities and community. Behaviour change campaigns. Primary health care projects 10M 2013-2017 County Health GoK Continuous departmental Office activities. Decentralized HIV/AIDS/TB 3M 2013-2017 County Health NACC TOWA Project on-going. and reproductive health Office/ CACC Call for Proposals round 5 project completed, 24 proposals forwarded to NACC for funding. Malaria Prevention and 10m 2013-2017 Department of Public GoK ITN given to expectant Control Programme Health and Sanitation mothers at facilities; care givers trained on malaria control; Governance, Justice, Law & Order ommunity Policing 10m 2013-2017 County works GoK and Community policing County wide officer, CDF CDF committees operational from locational to Constituency level, and working with police department Construction of Constituency 7m 2013-2017 County works GoK In Changamwe, Headquarters Offices and officer, CDF construction of Divisional (2) Offices County Constituency officers near Wide. completion (funded under ESP). Community Service Order, 5m 2013-2017 Probation department GoK. Case committees Probation and After Care operational to review cases. Services Programme Probation and after care services operational Construction of Office Block 6m 2013-2017 Ministry of GoK. Not started Immigration and Registration of Persons; Department of Public Works Computerization of Registrar 1m 2013-2017 Ministry of GoK. Computerization of of persons and Registrar of Immigration and Registrar of births and births and deaths offices Registration of deaths is a countrywide Persons. programme. At pilot stage in the Constituency. Public Administration and International Relations Construction and Equipping 7.6M 2013-2017 Ministry of AfDB/GoK Construction of office 85 of an Information and Devolution and per cent complete, Documentation Centre with Planning Equipping not done modern technology at Dongo Kundu Integrated monitoring and 0.7m 2013- County planning and GoK Joint M&E done quarterly evaluation using the E- 2017 coordination and reports compiled and Promise system monitoring and forwarded. evaluation unit Social Protection, Culture and Recreation Youth Empowerment centre 4m 2013-2014 County Works office GoK Centre under construction in Kisauni/Likoni Constituency Kisauni constituency, complete in Likoni. Social Assessment Report Page 181 Project Name Cost Kshs Time Frame Implementing Source of Project Progress Agency Funds Youth Polytechnic 5.7m 2013-2015 County Works and GoK Not started Development county wide the County Youth Officer Drug Rehabilitation 4m 2013-2017 County Works and GoK Drug rehabilitation centre Centre, Kisauni the County Youth operational Officer Establish entrepreneurial 6.7m 2013-2017 County Youth GoK Some groups have been groups Officer formed and funded under YEDF Self help grants to 6m 2013-2017 County Youth GoK On-going. Community initiatives. Officer Capacity building of social 3m 2013-2017 County Youth GoK On-going as supported by groups. Officer WEF. Disbursement of Youth 15m 2013-2017 Ministry of Youth GoK. Both funding and capacity Enterprise Development affairs. building of funded groups Fund (YED)F ongoing. Youth Polytechnics 4.7m 2013-2017 Ministry of Youth GoK. Subsidized tuition for Development Affairs. students’ on-going in CITC and Mtongwe polytechnics. Posting of qualified . Empower Cultural 2m 2013-2017 Cultural GoK Not yet started Practitioners Through Development Capacity Building Cultural Festivals And 5.4m 2013-2017 Cultural GoK Not yet started Exhibitions Displaying Development Cultural Artefacts Including Songs, Drama, Dances, Mats. Flagship Projects Development of Dongo 2103-2020 Ministry of Trade GOK Not started Kundu free port Dongo - Kundu Mombasa 2013-2015 KeNHA JICA Not Started city southern bypass Dredging of Kilindini 2011 – 2012 KPA GOK Completed channel. Establishment of a Special 2011 – 2017 Ministry of Trade GoK Started Economic Zone (SEZ) SME Park 2013 – 2018 Ministry of Trade GoK Not started Social Assessment Report Page 182 E: Taita Taveta County Project Name Cost Ksh. Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Implementation (M) Status Agriculture And Rural Development Sector Kenya Agricultural 30 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture; GOK; 40% Productivity KAPAP Implementing Development partners. Programme (KAPAP) Unit. DASS/GOK 12 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture; GOK; 80% Programme Cooperative Development partners Development Dept. Soil Conservation and 4 2012-2017 KFS; GOK 30% River Bank Protection. Dept. of water and agriculture; Community Crop, Pests and 11 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture; GOK 50% Disease Control and Dept. of Livestock Management Development. Cashew Nut, Banana, 15 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture; GOK 55% Cotton Production and Community. Promotion Horticultural 3 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture. GOK 60% Production Centre Land Land Adjudication and 15 2012-2017 Lands and Settlement GOK 70% Settlement Programme Dept.; Lands Dept. Squatters Resettlement 50 2012-2017 Lands and Settlement GOK 70% Programme Dept.; Lands Dept.; Survey Dept. Livestock developmet Establishment of 10 2012-2017 Dept. of Livestock GOK 40% livestock Auction Development. Rings Ranches Rehabilitation 13 2012-2017 Dept. of Livestock GOK 60% Development Appropriate Farming 5 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture; GOK; 10% Technology Transfer Dept. of Livestock Development partners Development. Milk Cooling Plant 15 2012-2017 Dept. of Livestock GOK 20% Development. Rehabilitation and 6 2012-2017 Dept. of Livestock GOK, 70% done Construction of Development. Maungu Holding ground Dairy and beef 10 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture. GOK 30% development Fisheries development Demonstration/Nursery 10 2012-2017 Dept. of Fisheries GOK 60% fish ponds Construction of cold 7 2012-2017 Dept. of Livestock GOK 10% storage facilities Development Energy, Infrastructure and ICT Social Assessment Report Page 183 Project Name Cost Ksh. Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Implementation (M) Status Roads Mwatate Constituency 200 2012-2017 KeRRA GOK (Fuel levy fund) Continuous activity roads maintenance Voi Constituency roads 160 2012-2017 KeRRA GOK (Fuel levy fund) Continuous activity maintenance Wundanyi 150 2012-2017 KeRRA GOK (Fuel levy fund) Continuous activity Constituency roads maintenance Taveta Constituency 200 2012-2017 KeRRA GOK (Fuel levy fund) Continuous activity roads maintenance Voi-MwatateRoad 2000 2012-2017 KeNHA GOK 60% done reconstruction Rural Electrification 200 2012-2017 Rural Electrification GOK 30% Authority (REA) Jipe-Rombo solar 50 2012-2017 KWS GOK 50% completed electric fence General Economic, Commercial and Labour Affairs Joint Loans Board 20 2012-2017 Dept. of Trade; Dept. of GOK Continuous activity Cooperative Development. Poverty Eradication 12 2012-2017 GOK; District Poverty GOK Continuous activity Commission (PEC) Eradication Committee revolving funds (DPEC); Financial Intermediary (FI). Trade Courses 2 Dept. of Trade. GOK On-going 2012-2017 Tourism development 5 2012-2017 Tourism Ministry; GOK; On-going Community. Development partners. Health Curative health care 100 2012-2017 Dept. of Health GOK On-going programme. Preventive health care 30 2012-2017 Dept. of Health GOK On-going programme. TB/ STI/ HIV 3 2012-2017 Dept. of Health GOK, Development On-going programmes partners Reproductive health 4 2012-2017 Dept. of Health GOK, On-going initiatives Malaria control 100 2012-2017 Dept. of Health GOK, On-going programme Rehabilitation of 60 2012-2017 Dept. of Health GOK On-going public health facilities Education Textbook fund 80 2012-2017 Dept. of Education GOK School feeding 60 2012-2017 Dept. of Education GOK On-going programme Development partners Improvement of school 40 2012-2017 Dept. of Education GOK On-going infrastructure and facilities Free Primary 2012-2017 Dept. of Education GOK On-going Education Development partners Subsidized Secondary 4 2012-2017 Dept. of Education GOK On-going Education Bursary programme 80 2012-2017 Dept. of Education GOK On-going Social Assessment Report Page 184 Project Name Cost Ksh. Time Frame Implementing Agency Source of Funds Implementation (M) Status Increase access to 10 2012-2017 County Adult GOK; On-going Adult Education Education Dept. Governance, Justice, Law and Order Mgange police post 2 2012-2017 County Public GOK, 70% complete Works Dept. Taveta Government 10 2012-2017 County Public GOK 90% complete Offices Block Works Dept. Public Administration and International Relations Sector Community 20 2012-2017 Devolution and GOK; 10 % complete Empowerment and Planning Development partners Institutional Support Programme (CEISP) Social Protection, Culture and Recreation Registration, 5 2012-2017 Dept. of Gender and GOK On-going Mobilization; Capacity Social Development building of groups Gender and Disability 1.5 2012-2017 Dept. of Gender and Social GOK On-going Mainstreaming Development Women Enterprise 2 2012-2017 Dept. of Gender and Social GOK On-going Fund Development Youth Funds (C-YES, 7 2012-2017 Dept. of Youth Affairs GOK On-going YEDF) Youth Empowerment 6 2012-2017 Dept. of Youth Affairs GOK On-going and Development Programmes Rehabilitation and 6 2012-2017 Dept. of Youth Affairs GOK On-going equipping of a model youth polytechnics Environmental Protection, Water and Housing Construction of water infrastructure. 80 2012-2017 Water Dept. GOK, 30% Springs protection and development 100 2012-2017 Water Dept. GOK, 40% Development of rock catchments 40 2012-2017 Water Dept., WRMA. GOK, 10% River Lumi-Lake Jipe sub-catchment 200 2012-2017 Water Dept. GOK, On-going management plan JICA Mbololo farmers irrigation project 50 2012-2017 Water Dept. GOK 60% Cluster group irrigation 20 2012-2017 Water Dept. GOK 80% done Irrigation development 100 2012-2017 Water Dept. GOK On-going WRMA. Augmentation/ Rehabilitation of 50 2012-2017 Water Dept.; GOK; On-going catchments CDF. Development partners. Farm forestry development 10 2012-2017 Dept. of Agriculture; GOK Continuous Forestry Dept. Construction of Water reservoirs 12 2012-2017 Water Dept. GOK On-going Social Assessment Report Page 185