Acknowledgments The State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF) Secretariat in the Fragility, Conflict and Violence Group at the World Bank, led by Valery Ciancio, Program Manager, and under the leadership of Nabila Assaf, Manager, prepared the 2020 SPF Annual Report. Core team members include Sara Agostini, Sarah Craig, Ezequiel Miranda, Suh Yoon Kang, Irina Galimova, and Francisco Lazzaro. Agnes Said and Jane Kirby-Zaki provided consultant support. The team is grateful to Raja Rehan Arshad, Stephan Massing, Mouna Couzi, Ghizlane Aqariden, Jaya Sharma, and Nicolas Perrin, who provided input and support. The SPF Secretariat extends its gratitude to the SPF development partners: the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade; Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs; French Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs; German Federal Ministry for Economic Development and Cooperation; Dutch Ministry for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation; Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency; Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; and U.K. Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office. The SPF Secretariat is also grateful to the SPF Council for its leadership and strategic guidance, and to the SPF Technical Advisory Committee members for contributing their expertise and time to ensure high-quality grant-making. The SPF Secretariat extends its thanks to the project teams and the 64 beneficiary countries and executing agencies of SPF grants for their dedication to advancing state and peacebuilding programs across the world. Lastly, the SPF Secretariat would like to thank Franck Bousquet, former Senior Director, and Stefan Emblad, Acting Senior Director, from the World Bank Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Group for their overall guidance, advice, and support. Contributing Members Australia Denmark France Germany Netherlands Norway Sweden Switzerland United IBRD Kingdom Beneficiary Countries Afghanistan Albania Argentina Armenia Bangladesh Benin Burundi Central African Chad Colombia Republic Côte d’Ivoire Democratic Djibouti El Salvador Ethiopia The Gambia Georgia Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Republic of Congo Haiti Honduras India Iraq Jordan Kenya Kosovo Kyrgyz Republic Lebanon Liberia Libya Mali Mauritania Mexico Nepal Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Pakistan Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic Rwanda Senegal Solomon Somalia South Sudan Sri Lanka Sudan of Yemen Islands Syrian Arab Tajikistan Thailand Togo Tunisia Turkey Tuvalu Uganda Ukraine Uzbekistan Republic Vanuatu Venezuela West Bank Zimbabwe and Gaza 1 Abbreviations & Acronyms CMU Country Management Unit FCV Fragility, conflict, and violence GBV Gender-based violence GP Global Practice HDP Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IDA International Development Association LFF Lebanon Financing Facility MDTF Multi-Donor Trust Fund MSMEs Micro, small and medium enterprises NGO Nongovernmental organization NWC National Women Commission (Nepal) RRRA Regional risk and resilience assessment SPF State and Peacebuilding Fund TAC Technical Advisory Committee WBG World Bank Group 3RF Reform, Recovery and Reconstruction Framework (Lebanon) 2 SPF Annual Report 2020 Foreword In the last 10 years, fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV) have been on the rise, and by 2030, as many as two- thirds of the world’s poorest people may be living in FCV settings. The World Bank Group (WBG) released its FCV Strategy in 2020 to address the full spectrum of FCV challenges in all impacted countries. The focus of the strategy is to support countries in addressing the drivers and impacts of fragility, strengthening their resilience, remaining engaged in crisis situations, and ensuring inclusion of the most vulnerable and marginalized populations. The emergence of the global COVID-19 pandemic has further strained already struggling countries. The effects of the pandemic threaten to reverse years of advancements in development and poverty reduction and to exacerbate existing risks of FCV. Against this background, the WBG has tailored its approach to address FCV risks. As of January 2021, the WBG has supported more than 30 fragile and conflict-affected countries to address the COVID-19 crisis, including through $2.5 billion in new financing. The State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF) has played an important role, ramping up its support and providing rapid financing to a number of operations addressing the challenges of COVID-19, as described in Section 1 of this report. In addition to its role in the implementation of the WBG FCV Strategy and the crisis stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, the beginning of the process to design and establish a successor fund, SPF 2.0, made 2020 a seminal year for the SPF. This 2020 Annual Report highlights progress and results over the past year, details SPF support for implementation of the WBG FCV Strategy and for responding to COVID-19 in FCV contexts and describes the current status of SPF 2.0. Since its establishment in 2008, the SPF has helped countries address the drivers of FCV, strengthened partnerships and collaboration with development partners and stakeholders, and helped disseminate knowledge critical for informing projects and policies with a wider reach. In 2020, the SPF added 20 new grants to the portfolio and provided a direct transfer to the Sudan Transition and Recovery Support Trust Fund, for a total of $15.3 million in new commitments and an active portfolio of $65.7 million. The SPF has proved to be flexible, agile, and responsive, addressing urgent needs as they arise. For example, the Beirut Explosion Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment was processed under the SPF fast-track approval process in just 3 days, allowing for rapid assessment of the disaster effects and of recovery and reconstruction needs in the wake of the explosion in the port of Beirut. The achievements of the SPF can only be upheld with the support of partners. With SPF 2.0 about to launch in mid-2021, I would like to thank you, our development partners, for your continued support. We look forward to working and engaging with you on this critical agenda in the months and years ahead. Stefan Emblad Acting Senior Director Fragility, Conflict, and Violence Group The World Bank 3 4 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: World Bank/UNOPS Table of Contents Acknowledgments 1 Abbreviations & Acronyms 2 Foreword 3 Table of Contents 5 SPF at a Glance 6 Section 1: Addressing Fragility, Conflict, and Violence 9 Implementing the WBG’s Strategy for FCV 9 IDA19 – Focus on FCV 10 COVID-19 Crisis in FCV 11 Role of the SPF 15 Preparing for SPF 2.0 16 SPF In Action: Addressing the Effects of the Beirut Explosion 18 Section 2: SPF in 2020 23 Progress in SPF Focus Areas 23 Results Framework and Grant Reporting 32 Knowledge Management and Communications 36 Governance and Management 37 SPF In Action: Improving Nepal’s Response to Gender-Based Violence 39 Section 3: SPF Portfolio Overview 43 Contributions 43 Recipients and Execution Modality 44 Allocations According to Region 46 Allocations According to FCV Type 48 SPF In Action: Strengthening Resilience and Collaboration through Cross-Border Dialogue in the Lake Chad Region 50 Annexes 52 Annex 1: Financial Highlights 52 Annex 2: SPF Results Framework 56 Annex 3: SPF Active Projects 59 Annex 4: SPF Completed Projects 66 5 SPF AT A GLANCE $376.4 86% 82% Data as of December 2020 6 SPF Annual Report 2020 7 8 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: Greta Granados De Orbegoso/World Bank Section 1 ADDRESSING FRAGILITY, CONFLICT, AND VIOLENCE The State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF) is the achieving the WBG’s twin goals. The FCV Strategy World Bank’s largest global trust fund supporting (2020–25) is structured around a set of guiding implementation of the Fragility, Conflict, and principles and four pillars of engagement (figure 1). Violence (FCV) Strategy. It operates within the Aiming to support a tailored approach, these four context of the World Bank Group’s (WBG) broader pillars provide specific guidance on how to engage in FCV engagement, which rests on two primary pillars: different types of FCV settings. the FCV Strategy and the 19th replenishment of the International Development Agency (IDA19) with Figure 1. Pillars of Engagement in the an expanded FCV envelope. This section provides WBG FCV Strategy an overview of the World Bank’s approach to FCV and the role of the SPF and the forthcoming new fund, SPF 2.0. Implementing the WBG’s Strategy for FCV The last decade has seen a dramatic increase in violent conflicts around the world. There are more conflicts globally than at any time in the past 30 years, and emerging global trends such as climate change, demographic change, migration, inequality, violent extremism, and illicit financial flows transcend borders and increase vulnerability. If they are not addressed, their effects can last for generations. By 2030, as many as two-thirds of the world’s poorest people may be living in FCV settings. Although conflicts tend to affect the poorest the most, the worsening fragility landscape affects low- and middle-income countries and has spillover effects all over the world. Against this background, in 2020, the WBG adopted its comprehensive FCV Strategy to address the drivers of FCV in affected countries. The strategy provides a framework for enhancing the WBG’s effectiveness in helping countries address the drivers and impacts of FCV and strengthening their resilience, especially for their most vulnerable and marginalized populations. This work is critical to 9 The strategy also emphasizes six high-priority Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office. The goals in FCV settings: investing in human RRRA explores drivers of fragility in border areas, capital; supporting macroeconomic stability and including border disputes and insecurity, poverty debt sustainability; creating jobs and economic and economic marginalization, and risks of violent opportunities; building community resilience and extremism and criminal activities. preparedness, especially regarding the impacts of Progress has also been made on systemizing climate change and environmental degradation; partnerships at the country-level in FCV settings engaging in justice and the rule of law; and (Measure 15). In the context of the COVID-19 crisis, developing approaches to addressing the security the WBG has partnered with client countries and sector within the WBG’s mandate and comparative several United Nations entities in more than 20 FCV- advantage. Interventions in FCV settings will also affected settings to strengthen health care systems, focus on gender, in line with the WBG Gender reach vulnerable communities, and support social Strategy. To strengthen the WBG’s operational safety nets. For example, in Chad, the WBG has response and impact at the country level, the FCV collaborated with the Office for the Coordination of Strategy includes 23 measures that ensure its Humanitarian Affairs, United Nations Development effective implementation. These measures fall into Programme, United Nations Children’s Fund, United four categories: policies, processes, and practices; Nations Office for Project Services, World Health programming; partnerships; and personnel. Organization, and United Nations Population Fund Despite the challenges that the COVID-19 on COVID-19 response and with the United Nations pandemic poses, the WBG has made good High Commissioner for Refugees on support for progress on supporting countries affected by refugees and host communities. More information FCV in alignment with the FCV Strategy. As of on progress under this measure can be found in January 2021, 19 of the 23 measures were on track the monitoring report, United Nations–World Bank or completed, and only four were delayed, given the Partnership in Crisis-Affected Situations.1 increased workload related to COVID-19 response. IDA19 — Focus on FCV Among others, scaling up regional and cross- Building on lessons learned in previous IDA border programs with a focus on key fragility cycles, IDA19 emphasizes the FCV special risks (Measure 11) is on track, with regional theme, which includes financing through the programs under development in the Sahel, the Lake new FCV envelope. Together with the Window for Chad region, and the Horn of Africa. This measure Host Communities and Refugees, the FCV envelope includes a commitment to conduct regional risk offers tailored support to countries facing a range of and resilience assessments (RRRAs) to inform FCV challenges, providing allocations to countries regional initiatives and programs. An RRRA in the in addition to their core IDA allocations to focus on Sahel conducted in collaboration with the United prevention and resilience, help IDA remain engaged Nations under the Sahel Alliance focused on the in a small number of countries during high-intensity regional and cross-border dimensions of FCV and conflict, and support countries emerging from a the regional drivers of fragility and conflict. The SPF’s period of conflict or crisis to transition out of fragility. contribution to addressing cross-border impacts of The Window for Host Communities and Refugees FCV includes support for an RRRA for Afghanistan’s supports operations that promote development and Central Asia’s border areas, which is underway opportunities for refugees and host communities. in partnership with the United Nations and the U.K. 1 See http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/707891612484648757/pdf/United-Nations-World-Bank-Partnership-in-Crisis- Affected-Situations-2020-UN-WB-Partnership-Monitoring-Report.pdf 10 SPF Annual Report 2020 In addition to enhanced financing mechanisms, Guided by the FCV Strategy and the pillars of IDA19 includes FCV policy commitments the WBG COVID-19 Crisis Response Approach designed to ensure that FCV drivers and sources Paper,3 the World Bank has tailored its approach of resilience are addressed in country programs, to address the FCV risks that the pandemic as outlined in Country Partnership Frameworks, has exacerbated. Work to address the effects of Country Engagement Notes, and Performance and COVID-19 in FCV settings has focused on four pillars: Learning Reviews; expand the use of digital solutions saving lives; protecting poor and vulnerable people; for project implementation and monitoring; address ensuring sustainable growth and job creation; and gender and disability in health care, education, strengthening policies, institutions, and investments and social protection; inform further support for for rebuilding better. As of January 2021, the WBG had socioeconomic development opportunities for supported more than 30 fragile and conflict-affected refugee and host communities; and enhance countries to address the COVID-19 crisis, including operational support by mobilizing staff in fragile $2.5 billion in new financing. Interventions provided and conflict-affected locations.2 As part of the medical equipment and supported front-line health “pivot to prevention,” IDA19 also addresses regional workers in Iraq; responded to rising food insecurity drivers of fragility through regional programming, in Afghanistan; supported communications to including in the Sahel, the Lake Chad region, and the prevent and counter misinformation in Haiti; and Horn of Africa. addressed the triple shock of locusts, flooding, and COVID-19 in Somalia. As part of the Bank’s efforts, COVID-19 Crisis in FCV the SPF provided a rapid response through new and The global COVID-19 pandemic threatens to reprogrammed grants throughout the year (box 1). reverse years of advances in poverty reduction and development and exacerbate existing risks of FCV. It is estimated that economic activity in FCV settings contracted by 5.4 percent in 2020—and in some countries by more than 10 percent—pushing an additional 23 million people into extreme poverty. The pre-existing risks facing FCV-affected countries make them even more vulnerable to the shocks that the COVID-19 crisis poses; 2020 saw higher levels of social unrest, with a 60 percent increase in protests since March 2020. There has been a sharp rise in gender-based violence (GBV); globally, 243 million women faced GBV, and an estimated 31 million additional GBV cases are expected if lockdowns continue. The pandemic has severely affected already-vulnerable refugees and internally displaced persons, with the crisis decreasing their limited access to health care, education, and economic opportunities. It is estimated that levels of acute Source: Ousmane Traore/World Bank food insecurity doubled to 265 million people globally in 2020. 2  he WBG list of fragile and conflict-affected situations is updated annually and is available at https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/ T fragilityconflictviolence/brief/harmonized-list-of-fragile-situations. 3 See http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/136631594937150795/pdf/World-Bank-Group-COVID-19-Crisis-Response- Approach-Paper-Saving-Lives-Scaling-up-Impact-and-Getting-Back-on-Track.pdf. 11 Box 1. State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF) and COVID-19 The SPF provided funding to a number of operations addressing the challenges of COVID-19 in the context of fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV). In Sudan, COVID-19 has put additional pressure on the already- struggling economy and risks plunging the country into a deep recession and greater fragility. Because Sudan was in arrears with the World Bank, and there are no International Development Association (IDA) programs in the country, current activities are financed using trust funds. The World Bank repurposed the Sudan Multi- Partner Fund into an umbrella multi-donor trust fund—the Sudan Transition and Recovery Support Trust Fund—to support Sudan’s economy and peacebuilding transition, but no donor funds were available when the COVID-19 pandemic hit the country. In May 2020, the SPF stepped in to provide a $7,000,000 transfer to the fund, providing much-needed seed funding for the Sudan Emergency COVID-19 Health Response project, which is designed to prevent, detect, and respond to the threat of COVID-19. Based on the Sudan Preparedness and Response Plan, the project aims to fill critical gaps in implementing evidence-based interventions. The project supports measures to strengthen case detection and confirmation; conduct contact tracing; increase clinical care capacity; raise public awareness and promote community engagement; and improve coordination, planning, logistical support, and reporting. Sudan cleared arrears in March 2021, giving it access to IDA financing. Support from the SPF to Sudan provided a financing bridge during the period when it was unable to access IDA. The SPF also approved funding for COVID-19 response in Colombia and Peru to ensure that Venezuelan migrants are not excluded from national COVID-19 response mechanisms in the two host countries. The $3.7 million Colombia Emergency COVID Response project and the $4 million Emergency Response for Venezuelan Migrants and Refugees in Peru project provide emergency support to mitigate the impact of the pandemic on vulnerable migrants. Both projects are implemented in partnership with the United Nations: the International Organization for Migration in Peru and the World Food Programme in Colombia. The grants mainly provide emergency cash transfers to vulnerable Venezuelan households that have not been covered by social protection emergency programs. In Colombia, the project aims to provide almost 18,900 migrant households (~75,500 people) with a one-time lump-sum cash transfer of COP 480,000 (~$129), which is the same amount vulnerable Colombian families are receiving. In Peru, more than 13,000 vulnerable families (~54,000 people) will receive a one-time emergency transfer of PEN 760 (~$235), which is what the Peruvian government is providing to nationals. The grants will also support measures to strengthen institutional frameworks for the COVID-19 emergency response in both countries and mitigate exclusion and xenophobia. The Monitoring Unrest and Conflict during COVID project received $565,000 from the SPF in December 2020. This activity is a component of the Global Conflict Risk Monitoring project, which provides conflict risk data and analysis to the broader Global Crisis Risk Platform compound risk index and dashboard. The project aims to build a system to monitor social unrest, conflict, and violence, focusing on the role and impact of COVID-19. The SPF grant allowed for the scope of the project to be expanded from two pilot countries to include six more countries (Myanmar, Tajikistan, Iraq, Sierra Leone, Madagascar, and Ethiopia). Based on a rapid research paper completed in May 2020 that outlined a number of transmittal pathways from COVID to conflict, this grant is testing a set of COVID-related hypotheses that will inform the Bank’s work on COVID response and future risk-monitoring efforts in response to global external shocks. 12 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: Fonds Social de la RDC COVID-19 has also affected ongoing SPF-funded operations. Cancelled workshops, trainings, missions, and other activities have affected implementation of a number of operations, resulting in requests for deadline extensions. Twenty grants requested extensions because of COVID-19 to allow for implementation and finalization of activities. For example, the Profiling of Afghan Nationals in Pakistan Urban Areas grant had to pause household surveys because of social distancing measures, the Strengthening Inclusive Infrastructure and Service Delivery in Uzbekistan grant was extended to allow for in-person capacity building for local communities when lockdown restrictions are lifted, and the Operationalizing Conflict Prevention in Tunisia grant received an extension to pivot from local and regional planning workshops for identifying FCV risks to a virtual model using innovative data methods. 13 Figure 2. SPF Timeline 14 SPF Annual Report 2020 Role of the SPF The objective was to provide development partners The SPF is a multi-donor trust fund (MDTF) with one point of entry to access FCV expertise, established in 2008 to consolidate the World resources, and partnerships. This process resulted Bank’s strategic approach to conflict and in a redesign of the SPF’s architecture along five fragility and streamline related processes and focus areas, a new SPF governance structure, the procedures. The SPF replaced two trust funds that adoption of a new work plan for 2018-2020, and a had been financing interventions related to fragility and new results framework. In 2020, the closing date of conflict, the Post Conflict Fund and the Low-Income the SPF was extended from September 30, 2021, to Countries under Stress Trust Fund. This consolidation December 31, 2022. aligned with the merger of two Bank units responsible for fragility and conflict. The two previously separate processes of state building and peacebuilding became the core of the new trust fund, representing a more harmonized approach to engagement in fragile situations. The thought was that state building and peacebuilding should be understood as interrelated and complementary processes rather than separate objectives. The goal of the SPF is thus to address the needs of state and local governance and peacebuilding in fragile and conflict-prone and -affected situations. To achieve this, it pursues two overarching objectives: • Statebuilding: Greater institutional capacity and legitimacy to manage stresses and support prevention and recovery from conflict and fragility. • Peacebuilding: Reduction and management of internal and external stresses that increase vulnerability to conflict and fragility. The SPF was reformed in 2014. The reform package sought to increase the speed and responsiveness of SPF grantmaking. SPF governance arrangements were revised in line with the WBG’s latest operating model, and the SPF was extended for 5 years, to September 30, 2021. In 2017, as part of the Bank’s continued consolidation process and ongoing trust fund reform, the SPF’s structure was redesigned, Source: PCU – SLDP project coordination unit further consolidating existing funding mechanisms. 15 Nine donors (Australia, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom) support the SPF, which also receives resources from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). The donors constitute an important forum for strategic leadership and collective thinking on FCV in the development community. The SPF targets interventions in five focus areas across the two cross-cutting themes of mainstreaming gender interventions and increasing the role of information and communications technology to enhance knowledge and operations in FCV situations. Prevention and Recovery. The SPF Forced Displacement. Particular is working to mainstream prevention attention is paid to activities that generate approaches into Bank operations. knowledge and provide services and Preventing entry and relapse into a solutions to assist in increasing the stability cycle of conflict has the potential to save and socioeconomic opportunities of lives, avoid immense losses in human refugees, internally displaced persons, and and economic capital, and safeguard host communities. development gains. Financing Solutions. The SPF promotes Crisis Response. Emphasis is on activities promising, new financial solutions that that support countries’ abilities to manage catalyze resources for low- and middle- shocks and build resilience to shocks, income FCV countries, and provides address internal displacement crises, and financing when conventional financing is enable transitions from violence to peace. unavailable and seed funding to single- country MDTFs. Humanitarian-Development-Peace (HDP) Nexus. The SPF supports programs and projects that bridge the gap between HDP actors (including United Nations entities), based on their comparative advantages. The governance structure of the SPF streamlines on project proposals. The SPF Secretariat’s role is to the grant-making process. The SPF Council, co- facilitate the overall work of the SPF, including review chaired by the United Nations Assistant Secretary- of project proposals, monitoring and evaluation, and General for Peacebuilding and the World Bank knowledge management and communications. Senior Director for the FCV Group, meets annually to Preparing for SPF 2.0 provide strategic guidance, take stock of operations, After more than a decade of operation, the and facilitate high-level coordination between the current SPF MDTF is scheduled to close in World Bank and the United Nations. The Technical December 2022. The World Bank and SPF Advisory Committee is a Bank-wide representative development partners expressed interest in the governance body that reviews proposals and Fund’s continuation. The SPF Council thus decided approves SPF grants. Its members represent all of the to establish a new, updated SPF 2.0, aligned with the regional, operational, and functional areas of the Bank, WBG FCV Strategy. ensuring access to a full range of technical feedback 16 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: PCU – SLDP project coordination unit SPF 2.0 is expected to focus on supporting in developing and disseminating FCV knowledge implementation of the WBG FCV Strategy, and continue supporting partnerships, in particular particularly on the drivers of fragility and sources with the United Nations and other multilateral of resilience. The consultation process for the new organizations, at the Fund and country levels. SPF 2.0 kicked off at the virtual SPF Council meeting The next step in the SPF 2.0 process is finalization in March 2020, where participants discussed the of an SPF 2.0 concept note. During 2020, the core design principles of the new Fund. Recognizing Secretariat conducted consultations with donors, the SPF’s role in supporting previous innovations that the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund, and internal have been incorporated into the FCV Strategy, donors stakeholders to seek their views on the design and have asked that SPF 2.0 focus on frontier areas, both priorities of the new trust fund. Consultation feedback geographically and operationally, combined with a was used to prepare a concept note that will inform strong knowledge and learning agenda. SPF 2.0 will a SPF 2.0 board paper, to be presented in the first act as a catalyst and enabler to expand financing half of 2021. Once the Board approves SPF 2.0, it under IDA and other financing resources and will operate in parallel to the legacy SPF through provide seed financing where needed. It will retain December 2022, after which SPF 2.0 will be the sole the flexible, agile model of the legacy SPF in order to financing vehicle. maintain its capacity to respond rapidly to needs as and where they emerge. SPF 2.0 will also invest more 17 SPF In Action Addressing the Effects of the Beirut Explosion Over the last decade, Lebanon has faced several As the country was grappling with a myriad of crises and shocks that have severely affected its challenges in the middle of a global pandemic, on economy and stability. The influx of Syrian refugees, August 4, 2020, a massive explosion destroyed who now account for almost 25 percent of the the Port of Beirut, killing more than 200 people, population, has severely strained the economy wounding more than 6,500, and displacing some and public service delivery. Lebanon’s financial 300,000. The country’s largest port was destroyed, and economic crisis has shrunk its gross domestic together with most of Lebanon’s grain reserves. product and resulted in negative credit ratings. Neighboring dense residential and commercial areas Massive public debt, corruption, weak governance, were severely damaged. The ensuing mass protests and political unrest add to the instability. In 2020, led the government to resign. The additional strain on COVID-19 put additional pressure on the health care resources and institutions, as Lebanon grapples with system and the economy. its most severe economic crisis in modern history, has exacerbated the fragility of the state. Source: Ipsos Risk Analytics/World Bank 18 SPF Annual Report 2020 The SPF provided two grants to address the effects of the explosion. The first, $300,000 processed under the SPF fast-track approval process (3 days), financed a Beirut Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment to inform stakeholders, including the Lebanese government, on disaster effects and recovery and reconstruction needs. A report was written under the grant that identified damage, losses, and needs and recommended priority interventions for the critical social, infrastructure, and productive sectors and the cross-cutting governance and cultural heritage sectors. The report also set out recommendations and priority areas for design of a reconstruction framework, including financing and coordination arrangements. The assessment, which was completed in 3 weeks, was developed in collaboration with the United Nations and the European Union. To provide follow-up support in operationalization Source: Ipsos Risk Analytics/World Bank of the assessment and its recommendations, the SPF provided another $300,000 grant to develop all and enables sustainable economic recovery; the Reform, Recovery, and Reconstruction and implementation of reforms as an essential Framework (3RF) for Lebanon. Like the assessment, requirement to restore trust, support reconstruction, the 3RF is a collaboration of the WBG, European and improve governance. To achieve this, the 3RF Union, and United Nations. It is a people-centered pursues two parallel tracks: (1) socioeconomic recovery and reconstruction framework addressing recovery and (2) reform and reconstruction. immediate humanitarian response and medium-term recovery and reconstruction efforts to put Lebanon The 3RF was based on collaboration between the on a path toward sustainable development. government, civil society, the private sector, and development partners. An unprecedented level of The 3RF, presented at the Paris Conference in broad, in-depth consultations by the WBG, European support of the Lebanese population and launched Union, and United Nations with government, donors, in Beirut on December 4, 2020, provides a common private sector, and civil society was achieved, with a reference point and costed action plan on what needs special focus on women-led organizations. to be done over the next 18 months. Its objective is to help Lebanon achieve three central goals in The 3RF estimates the cost of reform, recovery, and response to the Beirut port explosion: a people- reconstruction to be $2.6 billion. It calls for urgent centered recovery that addresses people’s basic support beyond humanitarian assistance to address needs, restores their livelihoods, provides social the impact of the explosion on the most vulnerable, justice for all, and ensures participatory decision setting out a two-phase financing strategy that making; reconstruction of critical assets, services, highlights the critical role that grant resources and infrastructure that provides equal access for must play in bridging the gap between immediate 19 The 3RF has helped prepare the ground for mobilizing resources to support the explosion response. The LFF has been able to mobilize initial donor pledges of close to $60 million and will help operationalize key 3RF investment priorities, such as a business recovery program to support micro and small enterprises with a strong focus on women-led businesses. This will promote sustainable economic and social recovery and a rapid reduction in poverty. Other LFF financing priorities include support of emergency housing and cultural rehabilitation on a pilot basis, social welfare services (notably psycho-social support) to Source: Mohamed Azakir/World Bank the most vulnerable communities to be delivered via NGOs and civil society organizations, and urgent humanitarian assistance and future financing for environmental and waste management interventions reconstruction. It also proposes the new Lebanon in the port combined with technical support to Financing Facility (LFF) to pool grant resources implement comprehensive port sector reform and a and increase the coherence and coordination of governance-strengthening initiative. financing. The LFF was set up shortly after the launch The 3RF aims to adopt a different way of working of the 3RF. It will provide direct support to capable focused on institutional arrangements that allow nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), civil society for a strong role for civil society, within the context organizations, and private sector intermediaries to of a strong development partner collaboration and reach micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises dedicated institutional, financing, and monitoring (MSMEs) that the explosion has affected using arrangements. a variety of flexible, innovative nongovernmental implementation modalities combined with strong fiduciary, environmental, and social safeguards for monitoring and oversight. Guiding principles for LFF engagement are transparency, inclusion, and good governance. 20 SPF Annual Report 2020 21 Source: World Bank/UNOPS 22 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: World Bank/UNOPS Section 2 SPF IN 2020 The SPF’s portfolio of grants contributes to development at the country, regional, and global levels across the five focus areas: prevention and recovery, crisis response, HDP nexus, forced displacement, and financing solutions. The SPF’s overall performance is tracked through a results framework agreed upon with donors, and lessons learned from SPF-funded projects are disseminated through the SPF’s knowledge management and communications efforts. Progress in SPF Focus Areas The five focus areas align with the Fund’s overarching objectives of state building and peacebuilding. To receive funding from the SPF, activities must demonstrate their contribution to the overarching goals and at least one of the Fund’s focus areas, along with the two cross-cutting themes of gender and information and communications technology. A project can fall under one or more focus areas. This subsection presents examples of ongoing and completed interventions that the SPF supports according to focus area and how they help achieve focus area objectives. I. PREVENTION AND RECOVERY Building on the first pillar of the Bank’s FCV Strategy by violent extremist groups. Tajikistan has many to prevent conflict and interpersonal violence, Islamic State recruits and is one of four countries that the prevention and recovery focus area funds the World Bank has selected for additional financing interventions that initiate innovative solutions and under the IDA18 Risk Mitigation Regime. The study support recovery from FCV. The objective of this defined a development approach to violent extremism focus area is to tailor development solutions to that can complement security approaches and FCV causes and consequences, prioritizing recommended development interventions to support prevention and risk mitigation. The SPF pays the government in preventing violent extremism special attention to initiatives that explore ways to and addressing recruitment and reintegration. integrate conflict prevention and recovery into Bank It highlighted the specific risks of radicalization operations. and recruitment of young men and women into violent extremism, as well as factors that support Central Asia: Development Approaches for resilience against the radicalization processes. The Preventing Violent Extremism COMPLETED / 2018-2019 study informed the design of the Risk Mitigation BANK-EXECUTED / $500,000 Regime in Tajikistan with recommendations that are shaping the Bank’s program and the FCV agenda in This grant supported an analytical study of violent Central Asia and beyond, and the report continues extremism in Tajikistan, the first in a multi-country to inform policy dialogue with the governments of series across Central Asia analyzing the youth, gender, Tajikistan and Kyrgyz Republic, where the second and local dimensions of radicalization and recruitment 23 country study is implemented. The study findings management principles in the areas of intervention. and recommendations were disseminated across The SPF-funded operation, implemented by the the Bank, including to the Afghanistan Country United Nations Office for Project Services, served as Management Unit, in view of the report’s relevance a pilot for other projects by developing replicable best for addressing multiple drivers of fragility in border practices and implementation arrangements and areas with Afghanistan, and to the Niger Country highlighting lessons learned. It also led to preparation Management Unit, another Risk Mitigation Regime of a larger project, the $45 million IDA-financed country experiencing similar challenges. Rural Connectivity Project, which was designed to reinforce the results of this operation. Central African Republic: Local Connectivity Emergency Project Conflict Prevention and Youth Inclusion in Benin COMPLETED / 2016-2019 ONGOING / 2019-2021 RECIPIENT-EXECUTED / $4,900,000 BANK-EXECUTED / $271,000 Landlocked, bordered by unstable neighbors, and Sixty-three percent of Benin’s population is under rocked by conflict, the Central African Republic is one the age of 25, and every year, approximately of the poorest and most fragile countries in the world. 200,000 young people reach working age, putting Its infrastructure deficit is substantial, particularly its an enormous strain on the labor market. Youth road network. Many communities are isolated because inclusion is a big challenge and has become more of long transit times, and many roads are accessible challenging as the economy contracts because of the for only some months of the year because adverse COVID-19 pandemic and as the country experiences weather conditions make them impassable. This lack increasing risks of violent extremism due to the of accessibility has led to a prolonged absence of expansion of violence in neighboring countries. This state presence in many regions, made it difficult to grant supports mainstreaming of conflict prevention provide remote populations with basic services, and into the IDA-funded Benin Youth Inclusion project, marginalized remote regions, prompting intermittent which aims to increase economic inclusion of under armed rebellion. The SPF quickly mobilized financing employed and under educated youth (ages 15-30) and for this critical operation to ensure transport strengthen employment services and the technical connectivity between poorly connected areas in and vocational training system. Under the grant, the lagging regions in the northeast of the country. an assessment of drivers of violence and conflict, The project supported rehabilitation of National including drivers of GBV, will identify development Road No. 8, a gravel and earth road section of approaches to increase youth inclusion. The grant approximately 333 kilometers, to enable the isolated is also developing a methodology for geographic rural populations of the northeast to be connected targeting of the project, to prioritize areas most at risk to the capital and the country’s other urban centers, of violence and reviewing current training curricula providing access to markets and trade. By restoring to include conflict resolution sensitization to address transport connectivity, the project has helped GBV risk factors. A robust citizen engagement prevent the de facto partition of the country and mechanism will be developed to mitigate risks and has reestablished territorial presence and security feelings of marginalization. by the central government and basic road asset 24 SPF Annual Report 2020 II. CRISIS RESPONSE SPF’s second focus area, crisis response, is fully eligibility for social protection programs. The aligned with the WBG FCV Strategy and its pillar on COVID-19 crisis revealed high demand for a social remaining engaged in conflict and crisis situations. registry that can enable an efficient and targeted The objective of this focus area is to develop and response to shocks. The grant supports design of an increase the capacities of the Bank and national urban targeting methodology for the Social Registry, and local actors to provide timely, effective which currently focuses mainly on the rural poor. responses to crises and transitions, including The grant is also developing a sustainability plan for through quick, flexible HDP engagement; the Social Registry to help bridge the gap between structured data collection, analysis, and sharing; donor-financed crisis response and a longer-term, and development-driven stabilization. Special government-owned social registry. attention is paid to activities that support countries’ Study on Agriculture Value Chains in abilities to manage shocks and build resilience to Solomon Islands future shocks, address internal displacement crises, ONGOING / 2020-2021 and transition from violence to peace. In this context, BANK-EXECUTED / $350,000 the SPF aims to support coordinating and planning Spread across more than 900 islands, Solomon activities that allow for a more effective crisis Islands is a small, fragile country facing varying response of partners in target countries. The World degrees of food insecurity, which Cyclone Harold Bank has strengthened its partnerships with United and the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated. With Nations entities and other key actors working on 80 percent of the population living in rural areas and crisis management and response in this focus area. the agricultural sector employing approximately 60 Crisis Information Tools in the Gambia percent of the population, enhancing productivity ONGOING / 2020-2021 and growth of the agricultural sector will improve BANK-EXECUTED / $300,000 the lives of smallholder farmers and increase social This grant supports two activities aimed at improving stability and economic growth. This grant generates the government’s social protection response, evidence on emerging fragility and food security risks including to the COVID-19 pandemic. Technical to inform the pipeline Solomon Islands Agriculture assistance to the Gambia Bureau of Statistics and Rural Transformation project. The grant finances facilitated high-frequency surveys related to the a rapid analysis of the effects of COVID-19 on pre- impact and consequences of COVID-19. Three existing and emerging fragility risks in rural areas, waves of the survey have been concluded, and data with a focus on food security and agricultural value collection for a fourth wave is almost completed. The chains. Workshops and consultations based on the findings of the survey will help create an evidence rapid analysis will identify policy and operational base for decision making and crisis response during recommendations to respond to COVID-19 risks for the pandemic. The grant also supports a re-design the agriculture sector. of the Social Registry, which is used to determine 25 Global Crisis Risk Platform ONGOING / 2020-2021 BANK-EXECUTED / $800,000 The Global Crisis Risk Platform was created in 2018 to help the World Bank enhance its ability to identify, monitor, and address risks in various sectors and locations. This work has become even more relevant in the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic. The platform is an institutional mechanism that promotes risk-informed investments to support crisis prevention and preparedness and increases institutional capacity for early response. This grant supports activities to enhance the Bank’s capacity to identify, anticipate, and monitor potential risks and crises that threaten poor and vulnerable individuals and economies. Grant activities are testing innovative, new approaches in the area of crisis risk monitoring and analytics and facilitating cross-sectoral collaboration on crisis preparedness. Ultimately, the grant will enhance in-house capacity to monitor risk indicators systematically across sectors, increase the ability to identify and monitor early-warning signs to support timely response to crises, and promote greater understanding of crisis preparedness and the interaction between various risks. The SPF grant helped kickstart this work with support from the Bank and other key donors, including Germany and the United Kingdom, through the Global Risk Financing Facility MDTF. 26 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: Fonds Social de la RDC III. HDP NEXUS The objective of this focus area is to support Strengthening HDP coordination in Yemen implementation of initiatives in diverse FCV ONGOING / 2020-2021 BANK-EXECUTED / $325,000 settings by bridging the gap between HDP actors based on their comparative advantages. Under Since the onset of the conflict in Yemen in 2015, this focus area, the SPF supports implementation there have been no systematic household surveys of programs and projects focused on integrated, on human development outcomes and the service results-driven, collaborative responses to countries delivery landscape, resulting in an incomplete in crisis and post-crisis situations, developing joint evidence base for crisis response and reconstruction analyses, needs assessments, or diagnostic tools needs. Moreover, although it is likely that the ongoing and facilitating engagement between humanitarian conflict has exacerbated existing challenges that organizations and the private sector. women face, no gender-disaggregated data have been gathered since the onset of the conflict. The Operationalizing Conflict Prevention in Tunisia ONGOING / 2019-2021 lack of national-level data reduces the ability to BANK-EXECUTED / $515,000 coordinate actions between humanitarian actors, national agencies, and development partners, as Building on the joint United Nations—World Bank well as with World Bank projects. This grant supports study, Pathways for Peace: Inclusive Approaches to implementation of the nationally representative Preventing Violent Conflict, this grant aims to gather Yemen Human Development Survey to identify evidence of the risks of conflict and violence in key human development shortfalls among women Tunisia, particularly related to perceptions of exclusion and men in Yemen, assess the coverage of human and inequality. This pilot project is identifying and development programs and services, and strengthen quantifying the risk of conflict and violence by coordination between humanitarian and development designing and initiating a FCV Risk Monitoring institutions. The grant will inform the next phase of Framework, piloting an innovative statistical method World Bank engagement in Yemen in the human to analyze data on perceptions of inequality in development sector. conjunction with census data, and using big data and machine learning techniques to examine grievances Central Asia and Afghanistan RRRA and produce a sub-nationally representative dataset ONGOING / 2020-2021 BANK-EXECUTED / $450,000 on grievances. This work will result in a more granular and comprehensive understanding of FCV risks in The border areas of Central Asia and northern Tunisia, enabling the country team to better identify Afghanistan face complex fragility risks, including and target salient risks, including at the sub-national political insecurity, illegal trade, entrenched poverty, level. The work is already feeding into the upcoming economic marginalization, disputes over natural Systematic Country Diagnostic (2021), ensuring that resources, lack of infrastructure and services, and it is conflict sensitive. internal displacement. In this challenging cross- 27 border context, the SPF is financing an RRRA to supports qualitative fieldwork to engage communities promote shared understanding of risk and resilience in border areas and will explore opportunities to factors in the region in support of better-coordinated establish or leverage community-level mechanisms regional strategies and programming. Conducted to monitor risks and resilience. The regional effects of as a joint exercise between the World Bank, United COVID-19 on conflict, social cohesion, and regional Nations, and U.K. Foreign, Commonwealth & cooperation are also being assessed. The RRRA will Development Office, the RRRA focuses on two identify opportunities for joint World Bank-United subregions: the Ferghana Valley, encompassing parts Nations engagements to increase resilience to FCV of southern Kyrgyz Republic, eastern Uzbekistan in the region and subregions. The RRRA received and northern Tajikistan, and border areas between co-funding from the United Nations Humanitarian- Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. The RRRA Development-Peacebuilding and Partnership Facility. IV. FORCED DISPLACEMENT The objective of the focus area on forced displacement economic, and environmental impacts of refugees is to operationalize a global development in host communities. The SPF grant aimed to response to forced displacement to improve the increase understanding of the specific GBV risks in socioeconomic condition of forcibly displaced refugee-hosting districts to ensure sufficient focus persons and host communities and to catalyze on prevention of GBV under the parent project policy dialogue with host governments. Special and to inform a tailored approach to mitigate attention is paid to activities that support building those risks during project implementation. Another a full suite of services and solutions to provide priority was to better understand gender norms and socioeconomic opportunities for refugees and expectations that contribute to the acceptability of internally displaced persons, host communities, and GBV, which informed the design and introduction returnees and building data and evidence on good of a communications and awareness strategy. The practices. Gender aspects of forced displacement are work had a strong focus on raising awareness and a priority. challenging the acceptability of GBV among refugees and host communities. Prevention and Response to Gender-Based Violence in Refugee Hosting Districts in Uganda Sustainable Livelihoods for Displaced COMPLETED / 2018-2020 and Vulnerable Communities in Eastern BANK-EXECUTED / $105,000 Sudan—Phase 2 COMPLETED / 2016-2021 Uganda is the largest refugee-hosting country RECIPIENT-EXECUTED / $4,480,000 in Africa, with a refugee population of 1.4 million, of which 82 percent are women and children, This grant supported the second phase of the many of whom, as well as women and girls in Sustainable Livelihoods for Displaced and Vulnerable host communities, have experienced GBV. This Communities in Eastern Sudan project, which aimed grant supported implementation of an IDA project, to develop durable solutions to internal displacement Development Response to Displacement Impacts and build the capacity of local stakeholders, including in the Horn of Africa, that addresses the social, state authorities, displaced persons, and vulnerable 28 SPF Annual Report 2020 host communities, to plan and implement sustainable Turkey Support to Transition of Refugees Project natural resource management practices and improve ONGOING / 2019-2021 RECIPIENT-EXECUTED / $800,000 livelihood techniques. This was achieved through a portfolio of small projects aimed at mitigating This grant supports socioeconomic activities to and adapting to the effects of climate change and prepare for the transition of Syrian refugees from environmental degradation. Implemented by the temporary accommodation centers to independent Ministry of Finance, Economy, and Labor in Kassala living in host communities. This group is considered State, which has experienced drought and conflict, to be the most vulnerable and dependent on the project sought to use livelihoods support as an humanitarian support. Camp settings can isolate economic incentive to engage internally displaced refugees and limit their inclusion in the local society. persons and host communities in sustainable natural To catalyze a development approach to forced resource management. The grant activities included displacement, this project helps refugees prepare capacity building, communication activities, and to live outside of the temporary accommodation support of youth entrepreneurship. The project centers by providing information on life in Turkey and reached 48,174 beneficiaries (42.5 percent female) needed psycho-social support. Vulnerable refugees and completed 33 small projects. Eighty percent often lack psychological readiness and skills to live of beneficiaries reported an understanding of independently, and the project provides a holistic the linkages between improved natural resource service package tailored to their needs. Implemented management practices and sustainable livelihoods. by the Turkish Red Crescent, the package includes information and counseling on adapting to life in communities and referral services to livelihood support and psycho-social support activities. As of December 2020, 171 beneficiaries had participated in harmonization seminars, 73 of whom had been referred to psycho-social support. The grant also finances implementation support to pilot projects, which will feed into an operational note on how to transition from dependence on humanitarian assistance to self-sufficiency. Source: PCU – SLDP project coordination unit 29 V. FINANCING SOLUTIONS The objective of this focus area is to promote national social registry will be written, building on on- innovative financial solutions that mobilize going work led by the Ministry of Gender, Labor, and resources, channel financing to address critical Social Development. challenges, and support investment in FCV West Bank and Gaza Development countries. Under this focus area, the SPF supports Impact Bonds activities that address the design and implementation ONGOING / 2017-2022 of innovative financing instruments in low- and RECIPIENT-EXECUTED / $2,000,000 middle-income FCV countries. It also fills a critical Under this SPF grant, the World Bank launched its gap by providing financing for situations in which first development impact bond for skills development conventional financing is not available or financing and employment in a fragile and conflict-affected is needed immediately. This includes providing environment. The Ministry of Finance and financing for countries that are not eligible for IDA Planning implements the development impact or IBRD financing and providing seed financing to bond component, which is designed to improve single-country MDTFs. skills development and employment outcomes Shock-Responsive Social Protection in Uganda for some 1,200 youth (ages 18-29), including 500 ONGOING / 2020-2021 women, under the Finance for Jobs II project. The BANK-EXECUTED / $240,000 development impact bond connects graduates to Uganda’s existing social protection programs are job openings and allows for employer input to be inadequate to respond quickly to crises, as evidenced incorporated into training needs and design, ensuring by the country’s response to COVID-19 and a recent that job seekers have the skills that employers seek. locust invasion. This grant supports development The development impact bond provides upfront of a national shock-responsive social protection financing to service providers that provide training, system that will enhance the resilience of poor and job search, and placement services to job seekers. vulnerable households, including in host and refugee Four private impact investors provide the upfront communities. The grant supports development of financing, which is then repaid using funding from a roadmap with short-, medium-, and long-term this grant once results are achieved. This provides an actions for designing a comprehensive national incentive structure to ensure that the investments are social protection system that is shock responsive. results-centered. A broader objective of the project is Analytical work will assess current data systems to test whether this approach is more effective than to determine whether they can be collated into a traditional input-based approaches, which an impact registry of vulnerable groups and review the existing evaluation will measure. The first output payment digital payment systems architecture to identify how for the development impact bond was made in such systems can provide rapid digital cash transfers November 2020 for an initial group of more than 500 to poor and vulnerable households. An approach beneficiaries who received skills training. paper on requirements for the design of a dynamic 30 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: Fonds Social de la RDC Liberia: Medium and Small Enterprise and Rural increase lending to MSMEs. At project closure, 2,600 Finance Post Ebola Reconstruction loans had been disbursed, significantly more than CLOSED / 2016-2019 the 300 envisioned at project start. The project also RECIPIENT-EXECUTED / $4,360,000 enhanced the capacity of banks and microfinance The fallout of the Ebola epidemic hit the Liberian institutions to lend profitably through extension of economy hard. Recognizing that MSMEs play a an affordable line of credit. By providing low-interest leading role in providing employment and promoting loans, the project enabled microfinance institutions— economic activity but face challenges in accessing which do not have the same access to investment finance, this project aimed to increase the availability capital as banks in Liberia—to increase their lending of credit to MSMEs and implement best practices and revenue significantly. Ultimately, $3.9 million in government to support MSME lending. Liberia’s in loans to microfinance institutions enabled an Ministry of Finance and Development Planning additional $4.8 million in financing to the MSME implemented the project, which helped develop sector. The project’s impact continued after project a framework to provide finance to MSMEs on closure because maturity was extended, which sustainable terms. A line-of-credit facility was allowed microfinance institutions to continue lending established to provide MSMEs affordable investment to MSMEs after the project closed. capital based on market principles, which helped 31 Results Framework and Grant Reporting defined in the FCV Strategy. Definitions of some Results and performance of the SPF are reported results indicators were also updated for clarification, annually through the Fund-level results frame- although to ensure continuity and consistency of work, which was redesigned in July 2018 to reflect the reporting, changes to the results framework are SPF’s value proposition and its consolidated struc- kept to a minimum. “Soft” targets signal expected ture, which is rooted in five focus areas. Three levels future developments of the SPF over the coming of results are reported through the results framework: year, but these targets are not finalized until the Outputs indicate key characteristics of grant activi- SPF Council meeting to allow for changes as new ties that the SPF supports; Intermediate outcomes priorities emerge. Such flexibility is necessary for the measure short-term results such as partnerships sup- results framework of a dynamic, demand-driven fund ported and the demonstration effect of SPF grants; like the SPF. and Outcomes describe the impact of SPF activities, In 2020, the SPF had notable improvements in including their catalytic leveraging and their contri- results for most outcome indicators. Results butions to inclusive policies, institutional reform, and met or exceeded targets for seven of nine outcome collective outcomes. indicators. The result for SPF grants that support SPF grants apply tailored results indicators implementation of risk and resilience assessment to their activities, which are then aggregated findings or recommendations was 16 percent (by for Fund-level reporting. At the proposal stage, volume of funding), versus a target of 8 percent. The task teams identify planned output and outcome catalytic impact of SPF grants is another success indicators related to specific grant activities. Task story in 2020. Almost half of the portfolio (47 percent teams reference the SPF results framework to ensure by volume of funding) leveraged additional financing that the proposed activities contribute to the Fund- from IDA, IBRD, other trust funds, or external level outcomes, and the SPF Secretariat advises donors, and the ratio of leveraged funding to SPF teams on appropriate indicators and targets. Results commitments was 5.45. (See box 2 for more on for these indicators are reported by the close of the the leveraging effect of SPF grants.) The result for grant through standard Bank reporting documents. supporting institutional reforms also exceeded the Results that contribute to Fund-level indicators are target, with a result of 36 percent against a target aggregated and reported against targets set annually of 30 percent, although the result for advancing and endorsed by the SPF Council. Reporting is done or promoting inclusive approaches or policies for three categories of SPF-financed activities: the fell short of the target; 31 percent of the portfolio active portfolio, which includes all grants under contributed to this outcome, relative to a target of operation during the reporting year; the subset of 40 percent. In part, this reflects the demand-driven grants approved during the reporting year; and the SPF portfolio and shifts in focus and priorities under stock of closed grants that illustrates trends in the SPF grants from year to year. The annual stakeholder historical portfolio performance. questionnaire revealed that 80 percent of SPF donors, grant recipients, and stakeholders affirm Mirroring the flexibility and agility of the SPF, the SPF’s value proposition, catalytic support, and the results framework has adapted over time. In thought leadership. (See figure 3 for a comparison of 2020, with the launch of the WBG FCV Strategy, a outcome results relative to targets for 2019 and 2020, new output-level indicator was added to track SPF and Annex 2 for full reporting of 2020 results.) grants that target the areas of special emphasis 32 SPF Annual Report 2020 Figure 3. SPF Outcome-Level Results, 2019 and 2020 Portfolios Note: Outcome 7 (Ratio of funding leveraged) is not included because it uses a different measurement approach. The 2020 intermediate outcome and output project activities and deliverables beyond information results reveal areas for improvement in two sharing, and efforts are underway to encourage such critical priorities for the SPF: gender inclusion partnerships under SPF grants and to better capture and partnerships with United Nations entities. information on partnerships. Despite exceeding the target for supporting collective Support for gender inclusion and empowerment outcomes (35 percent versus the target of 30 percent), is another priority for the SPF for which results did there is room for improvement on joint activities not meet targets. In 2020, 6 percent of the portfolio with United Nations entities. Eleven percent of the primarily addressed gender inclusion or equality, SPF portfolio supported joint activities with United versus a target of 20 percent. In large part, the strict Nations entities, versus a target of 20 percent. Forty- definition applied for this indicator, whereby only one percent of the portfolio included collaboration grants whose primary objective is addressing gender with United Nations entities, versus the target of are counted, explains this result. In recognition of 45 percent, and 17 percent were implemented in the limitations that this narrow definition poses and collaboration with NGOs or civil society organizations, the unsatisfactory results for this indicator, a gender versus a target of 25 percent. Partnerships with a assessment is underway to identify how the SPF range of organizations, and in particular joint work can better capture and measure results related to with United Nations entities, are core to the SPF’s gender empowerment and inclusion. (See box 3 for value proposition and to implementation of the more information.) WBG FCV Strategy. The partnership indicators reflect substantive engagement and collaboration on 33 Box 2. Leveraging effect of SPF grants The SPF is a catalyst for operations in fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV) contexts, providing seed funding for activities that inform larger World Bank projects and leverage other sources of financing, including the International Development Association (IDA) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). The SPF works within the World Bank’s operational system, which is focused on long-term engagement in country programs in partnership with governments on agreed-upon strategies. SPF-financed pilots, tools, and analytical work lead to large-scale country operations financed by IDA, IBRD, and other financing facilities such as trust funds and the Global Concessional Financing Facility. Projects leveraged or catalyzed through SPF grants include full-scale projects and project components building on SPF-financed work that informs project design, preparation, and implementation, and subsequent “co-funding” of SPF-supported work or follow-on activities, normally financed by other trust funds, the World Bank budget, or bilateral donor contributions. Examples of SPF’s catalytic effect include: • The SPF provided two grants totaling $700,000 to the Ebola—Community Engagement in Emergencies project that were instrumental in leveraging additional funding for the social response to the Ebola crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo through a $150 million IDA operation. In 2019, a cash-for-work pilot program provided temporary employment to more than 12,000 vulnerable people in hard-hit communities (50 percent women) and rehabilitated rural roads in five health zones. In 2020, the program was expanded and reached an additional 23,000 vulnerable people in an additional six health zones. As of September 2020, more than 35,000 direct beneficiaries have worked more than 1 million person-days under the program. The SPF-financed project was critical to successful implementation and expansion of the pilot phase of the social response to the Ebola program and taught valuable lessons for the response to COVID-19. • The Iraq Road Maintenance Microenterprises project received $200,000 from the SPF to assess the feasibility of microenterprise-based road maintenance in pilot governorates in Iraq. The operation helped local communities form microenterprises and provided training and contracts to perform basic maintenance activities aimed at preventing damage, slowing deterioration of roads, and ensuring continued access. The grant helped raise awareness of the use of road maintenance microenterprises and their potential impact on rural accessibility, jobs, and stability. The grant informed the design and preparation of the Iraq Road Maintenance Microenterprises project, which leveraged $5 million from the Iraq Recovery and Reconstruction Fund and aims to provide entrepreneurship and employment opportunities to rural inhabitants in lagging areas and increase their road access to markets and critical social services. • The Global Crisis Risk Platform: Agriculture and Food Security Risk Financing grant of $100,000 supported four innovation challenges to identify new agricultural risk financing tools and methods being adopted in the Democratic Republic of Congo and several other Southern Africa Development Community countries. The grant also supported an assessment of the impact of a variety of risks, including climate risks, animal and plant health, and price fluctuations, on agriculture and food security. Identifying multi-hazard risk financing modelling technologies focused on regional food security challenges, the grant leveraged $23 million from the Global Risk Financing Facility to prepare a risk transfer solution for the National Agriculture Development Program in the Democratic Republic of Congo, which aims to increase agricultural productivity and market access for smallholder farmers. 34 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: Greta Granados De Orbegoso/World Bank Box 3. Assessment of State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF) results on gender inclusion An assessment of the SPF’s approach to defining and measuring work addressing gender inclusion, empowerment, and equality was launched in December 2020, spurred by recognition that the current results indicator was not capturing a broad range of SPF-supported activities related to gender inclusion and empowerment. The current gender indicator is defined to apply only to activities whose primary objective is addressing gender inclusion or empowerment (as defined by the Project Development Objective and outcome indicator). Many SPF grants incorporate gender-sensitive designs or support gender assessments, GBV risk analysis, or targeted outreach to women and girls but do not meet the criteria to contribute to the current indicator. The gender assessment will inform new criteria for defining and reporting gender-related activities that the SPF supports. The assessment includes a portfolio review of SPF grants from 2018 to the present to record activities already occurring related to gender inclusion and empowerment, consultations with the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund regarding their Gender Marker and with select World Bank trust funds to learn from their approaches to defining and measuring gender results, engagement with the World Bank Gender Group to ensure alignment with the World Bank Gender Tag methodology and the World Bank Group Gender Strategy, and vetting the proposed new indicator and measurement methodology against the current SPF portfolio and with a selection of SPF task team leaders with experience in this space. The assessment will be completed in spring 2021, and the findings will inform the approach to gender under SPF 2.0. 35 Knowledge Management and Five knowledge events to share findings from Communications SPF grants were held in 2020, and seven lessons- The SPF began implementing its first knowledge learned notes were published. The knowledge management strategy in mid-2019, based on events focused on grants including Gender-Based the recommendations of the 2019 independent Violence and Violence Against Children in evaluation, and this has had tangible results in Uganda, with involvement of a representative from 2020. A systematic approach to capturing knowledge the United Nations Children’s Fund Uganda; Cross- has been embedded in the SPF grant cycle. Teams Border Collaboration in the Lake Chad Region; are required to submit a completed lessons-learned and Leveraging the HDP Nexus during the Ebola template at the close of each grant that captures Epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo. information on the successes and challenges of the All events are recorded and the videos posted on activities, the operational value and sustainability the SPF intranet site. In addition to the knowledge of the grant results, and lessons learned relevant events, two introduction-to-the-SPF learning events for other Bank operations in FCV contexts. These were held to promote SPF funding opportunities and lessons are then refined and published as two-page eligibility. 2021 has seen an increase in task team lessons-learned notes. Once the task team leader and leaders’ requests to have their grants featured in a the SPF Secretariat clear the notes, they are posted SPF knowledge event, with three knowledge events on the SPF internal website and further disseminated planned for the first quarter of calendar year 2021 and through the FCV Group internal newsletter to all FCV at least five new lessons-learned notes scheduled for practitioners at the World Bank. The notes have also the first half of the year. served as the basis for blogposts that allow external Despite the constraints that the COVID-19 audiences to learn about SPF-supported work. pandemic has brought on, in 2020, the SPF Knowledge curated from innovative projects and continued to expand its external communications pilots is also shared through knowledge events open to increase its visibility with donors, the to all World Bank staff. These events complement the development community, and other international lessons-learned notes and provide audiences with a partners. Noteworthy are the SPF 2.0 consultations deeper understanding of grant activities and results. that took place with all SPF donors to inform the new SPF 2.0 concept note. In addition, several blogposts, feature stories, and videos were published to The SPF is an invaluable showcase projects that benefitted from SPF grants. resource in difficult Other highlights include the launch of a redesigned external website4 and publication of two SPF partner contexts where funding updates. SPF success stories were also featured in the is hard to access but Development Finance Vice-Presidential Unit’s Trust technical assistance and Fund Annual Report, which demonstrates results analytics are often rare and innovations achieved under World Bank trust and very much needed. funds. Under SPF 2.0, the Secretariat is planning to invest further in SPF knowledge capture, generation, World Bank task team leader in response and dissemination. to 2020 SPF Stakeholder Questionnaire 4 https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/state-and-peace-building-fund 36 SPF Annual Report 2020 Governance and Management The SPF Secretariat works with individual task The SPF Council, which the World Bank and teams as they develop proposals to ensure the United Nations co-chair, met in March alignment with SPF objectives and relevance and and June 2020. The Council provides strategic sustainability of grant results. SPF grant proposals direction and guides SPF operations, which the are reviewed on a rolling basis. Proposals are often SPF Secretariat, based in the World Bank FCV made for one activity or project of national, regional, Group, conducts on a day-to-day basis. Reporting or global scope, but the SPF has also approved directly to the Bank’s Managing Director for omnibus proposals encompassing multiple grants, Operations, the FCV Group works in all regions and such as the Operationalizing Forced Displacement sectors of the World Bank. During 2020, the SPF Program in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda and the Secretariat conducted stakeholder consultations Response to Forced Displacement in Uganda. for the purpose of informing a concept note for a The SPF has also financed special allocations subject new trust fund umbrella program, SPF 2.0, that will to a subsequent rapid proposal process, such as for replace the current SPF when it closes in December GBV in 2017, under which $1 million was offered to 2022. Bilateral consultations with all current 20 teams for incorporating GBV prevention and donors to the SPF and colleagues from the United mitigation components into World Bank projects and Nations Peacebuilding Fund and Humanitarian- advisory work. Development-Peacebuilding and Partnership Facility A Technical Advisory Committee composed were held in October and November 2020. A donor of senior World Bank FCV technical leaders plenary session convening all SPF stakeholders was approves proposals virtually. The service standard held on November 25, 2020. for regular review and approval by the Technical Advisory Committee (figure 4), is 5 business days, with emergency approval provided within 3 business days—a factor that underpins the SPF’s flexibility and The SPF proves time and rapid response. All activities that the SPF finances, again to be [a] testing whether on the emergency or regular approval ground for new, innovative track, are conducted under the World Bank Policy work that can then be fed and Procedure Framework and financial controls. The SPF received an unqualified opinion under the into more mainstream Bank’s single audit for fiscal year 2020.5 Bank operations. World Bank task team leader in response to 2020 SPF Stakeholder Questionnaire 5 A  nnually, management reports on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting, which is integrated with the audit of the combined financial statements of all modified cash basis trust funds that the WBG administers (collectively referred to as the single audit). 37 Source: PCU – SLDP project coordination unit Figure 4. SPF Review Process 38 SPF Annual Report 2020 SPF In Action Improving Nepal’s Response to Gender-Based Violence Source: Transcultural Psychosocial Organization Nepal Although Nepal is party to several international inequality. Nepal has one of the world’s highest agreements and conventions ensuring women’s rates of child marriage, despite the practice being rights, the country has a long way to go to ensure outlawed for decades. UN Women reports that 37 that women have equal rights and protection percent of girls marry before age 18 and 10 percent under the law. In 2015, Nepal adopted a new before age 15.8 Women are subject to physical and constitution, resulting in a number of progressive sexual violence, with rates rising during COVID-19 laws guaranteeing representation of women and and the subsequent lockdowns because women are marginalized groups. The country’s international unable to leave their homes. human rights commitments on gender equality, non- In 2016, the SPF provided $2,000,000 to the discrimination, and social justice guided the 2017 Integrated Platform for Gender-Based Violence legal reform, which saw the adoption of new codes Prevention and Response in Nepal, which is in areas such as criminal and civil law, although the designed to raise awareness of and improve response situation of women is still dire. The United Nations to GBV by improving the quality and increasing the Development Programme Human Development reach of services for GBV survivors through a helpline Report 2020 ranked Nepal 142 of 189 countries on hosted by the National Women Commission (NWC); the Gender Inequality Index.6 Women in Nepal face promoting greater awareness of key stakeholders; myriad challenges, including unequal protection and increasing the capacity of the NWC, one of under the law, child marriage, harmful ancestral Nepal’s GBV service providers, which was the main practices such as chhaupadi,7 sexual violence, recipient of this grant. domestic violence, and other forms of violence and 6 See http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf 7  form of menstrual taboo that prohibits women and girls from participating in normal family activities while menstruating because they A are considered "impure." 8 See https://asiapacific.unwomen.org/-/media/field%20office%20eseasia/docs/publications/2020/03/np-mapping-progress-on- womens-rights.pdf?la=en&vs=4936 39 Source: Legal Aid & Consultancy Center Nepal One of the most important achievements of the twice as many calls related to domestic violence from project is the establishment of a GBV referral platform, April to June 2020 as in the same period the previous including the first 24-hour GBV helpline. It is the year, which the effects of COVID-19 and the national country’s only 24x7 national toll-free helpline service lockdown may explain. addressing violence against women and girls by Started as a pilot in only four districts, the helpline providing response services. The grant also financed is responding to calls from remote and rural areas training activities for staff operating the helpline across the country. The project operates on a digitized and set up a network of service providers for legal case management system (one of the pioneering assistance, psycho-social counseling, shelter, and contributions of the project), which tracks all helpline support to girls and women. By October 2020, NWC services and facilitates coordination and referral with had provided more than 1,000 legal services, almost the four project partners. It has eliminated the need for 600 psycho-social services, 155 shelter services, and survivors to recount trauma every time they contact 173 child protection services through its partner civil the NWC or a partner service and allows multiple society organizations. By January 2021, the helpline service providers to track services in a coordinated had provided more than 13,000 integrated services way. It allows coding for maintaining confidentiality of to more than 21,000 clients. Almost nine in 10 cases survivors and provides information to track outcomes that the NWC reports are domestic violence cases; and impact. the rest are violence against women. NWC reported 40 SPF Annual Report 2020 The helpline standard operating procedure prepared under the project has been a guiding document for helpline staff and project service providers to standardize response protocols while following referral pathways. The project also supported the NWC in data collection and analysis, which is central to monitoring and evaluating its achievements. A set of indicators was developed to monitor the quality of processes and outputs. NWC staff were trained to use the data for analysis to support further research and advocacy. The project faced delays because of COVID-19, and the project closing date has been extended twice, but even though some project activities were put on hold during the pandemic, the helpline and the psycho-social and legal services continued to operate remotely. Shelter services remained open for survivors. During 4 months of lockdown (March 24–July 21, 2020), the helpline received 1,545 information calls, with 387 of those calls registered as cases. The helpline also received 1,566 follow- up calls and 232 linked referrals during this period. NWC coordinated and collaborated with government agencies and NGOs to provide effective, efficient services to survivors of violence during this period. In collaboration with the Nepal police and the local authorities, NWC facilitated rescue of survivors and provision of relief packages and developed a protocol on shelter management during COVID-19, considering the need to address the risks facing survivors in shelters. The Ministry of Women, Children, and Senior Citizens endorsed the protocol, which is currently being implemented across the nation. Source: National Women Commission 41 42 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: Greta Granados De Orbegoso/World Bank Section 3 SPF PORTFOLIO OVERVIEW In 2020, the SPF supported interventions in a range Development and Cooperation; Dutch Ministry of countries across all World Bank geographic for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation; regions and globally, approving 20 grants and one Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Swedish transfer to a MDTF, for more than $15.2 million in new International Development Cooperation Agency; commitments. As of December 31, 2020, the Fund’s Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation; active portfolio comprised 56 grants with almost $39 and U.K. Foreign, Commonwealth & Development million in commitments. The net value of the SPF is Office. IBRD has contributed the largest share of more than $371 million. funding since inception, with 67 percent of overall contributions to the Fund (figure 5). Contributions in Contributions 2020 totaled $16.5 million from five donors: Denmark, The SPF was established in 2008 with a pledge the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, and IBRD. of $100 million from IBRD9 over the first 3 fiscal Total contributions were greater in 2020 than in 2019, years. Nine development partners currently support which can be attributed to greater demand for SPF the Fund: the Australian Department of Foreign support resulting from COVID-19 and to the closing Affairs and Trade; Danish Royal Ministry of Foreign of the United Nations-World Bank MDTF, after which Affairs; French Ministry of Europe and Foreign Norway and Switzerland agreed to transfer the pro Affairs; German Federal Ministry for Economic rata shares of their refund balance to the SPF. Source: Scott Wallace/World Bank 9 IBRD contributions were allocated from IBRD’s net income and provided on a grant basis. 43 Figure 5. SPF Contributions 2009-2020 (US$ Equivalent, %) Recipients and Execution Modality recipient.10 Although the cumulative number of Bank- The SPF provides grants to recipients for executed activities over the life of the SPF exceeds execution, as well as grants that the Bank the number of recipient-executed activities (figure executes. Recipients of SPF grants include partners 6), the share of SPF funding to Bank-executed such as governments, United Nations entities activities accounts for only 20 percent of the Fund and regional organizations, local and international portfolio (figure 7). The smaller size and shorter NGOs, and academic institutions. In exceptional duration of Bank-executed interventions, which circumstances, such as active conflicts or if the mainly support activities such as assessments and capacity of local institutions is severely constrained, analytics, partnership building, and policy dialogue, the Bank can execute activities on behalf of the explains this. 10 T  he Bank has executed only 19 grants in the SPF portfolio on behalf of recipients. These grants supported interventions in Guinea, Kosovo, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, and West Bank and Gaza. 44 SPF Annual Report 2020 Figure 6. SPF Grants According to Figure 7. SPF Grants According to Recipient, 2009-2020 Recipient, 2009-2020 (number and % of grants) (US$ millions, %) Note: *Including four grants totaling $7.2 million for which recipient governments contracted United Nations agencies for implementation. Government entities implement most recipient- commitments, also exceeding the share of Bank- executed grants. Recipient-executed grants to executed commitments. SPF grants to United government entities account for 43 percent of Nations entities account for 2 percent of all grants committed funding—exceeding even the share of and 4 percent of commitments. The range and share Bank-executed commitments. Grants that local of partner organizations that implement SPF grants and international NGOs implement constitute 10 are detailed in figures 6 and 7. percent of all SPF grants and 24 percent of SPF 45 Bank-executed grants and associated funding migrants and refugees in Colombia and Peru, to be commitments have increased significantly implemented by the World Food Programme and the over the past few years, whereas the number International Organization for Migration, respectively. of recipient-executed grants has decreased. Allocations According to Region This shift toward more Bank-executed grants SPF grants respond to FCV challenges in reflects SPF support for advisory and analytical all geographic regions and diverse country activities, including pilots, assessments, and primary contexts. As illustrated in figure 8, almost half of all data collection, that are intended to inform other SPF allocations since inception have gone to Africa programming and operations. There is insufficient in support of 108 grants.12 The prevalence of grants time remaining for implementation of most recipient- in this region did not continue in the 2020 portfolio. executed grants because all SPF-supported activities Although one-quarter of grants approved in 2020 must be completed by June 30, 2022, given the were in Africa (5 of 20 new grants), these accounted closing date of the current Fund.11 Almost all of the for just 14 percent of new commitments. (This does new grants approved in 2020 were Bank-executed not include a transfer of $7 million to the Sudan grants. Although they were not yet active at the end of Transition and Recovery Support MDTF.) 2020, two recipient-executed grants were approved in 2020 to provide cash transfers to Venezuelan Figure 8. SPF Grants According to Region, 2009-2020 11 T  he implementation period of Bank-executed grants varies from 12 to 18 months, whereas it takes an average of more than 3 years to complete a recipient-executed project. 12 In July 2020, the World Bank reorganized its geographic regional structure and split Africa into two regions: eastern and southern Africa  and central and western Africa. For consistency with previous SPF reporting, the SPF portfolio is still presented using the combined Africa region. 46 SPF Annual Report 2020 This shift in funding between regions is evident Caribbean also increased significantly, from 7 percent across the 2020 portfolio. There was a considerable in the historical portfolio to 17 percent of new 2020 increase in funding for grants in Europe and Central commitments, reflecting grants supporting COVID-19 Asia, from 9 percent in the historical portfolio to 28 response in Colombia and Peru. No new grants in percent of new commitments in 2020 (figure 9). New South Asia were approved in 2020, a reduction from grants in Europe and Central Asia support analytical 4 percent of commitments in the historical portfolio. work on economic recovery in eastern Ukraine and Only one new grant in East Asia and Pacific was an RRRA in Central Asia and the Afghanistan border approved in 2020, which the prominence of the regions, as well as technical assistance and capacity Korea Trust Fund for Economic and Peacebuilding building to improve service delivery in Uzbekistan Transitions in financing FCV-related activities in the and strengthen youth resilience to violent extremism region can largely explain.13 in Tajikistan. Commitments in Latin America and the Figure 9. SPF Grants Approved in 2020 According to Region 13  he Korea Trust Fund for Economic and Peacebuilding Transitions closes in June 2022. As that fund winds down, it is expected that T there will be an increase in proposals from East Asia and the Pacific channeled to the SPF. 47 Figure 10. SPF Financing According to Country Eligibility for IDA and IBRD, 2009-2020 Including blend countries, i.e. countries eligible for IDA and IBRD financing. The only blend countries in the current portfolio are * Pakistan and Uzbekistan. Allocations According to FCV Type In 2020, the largest share of committed A core feature of the SPF is its ability to operate funding—46 percent—went to countries in in all countries and regions affected by fragility. arrears and non-members. This total reflects a All developing countries facing FCV challenges are transfer of $7 million to the Sudan Transition and eligible for SPF funding regardless of geography, Recovery Support MDTF to support the response income level, or arrears status, and the SPF may also to the COVID-19 pandemic, including prevention finance activities in territories and non-members. and detection (figure 11). Funding for IDA countries Furthermore, SPF financing is not limited to countries accounted for 21 percent of total commitments in on the annually updated fragile and conflict-affected 2020 and supported coordination across the HDP situations list.14 The SPF is thus a source of critical nexus in Yemen; citizen engagement in Burundi; and financing for countries in arrears, non-members, and a rapid assessment of the effects of COVID-19 in middle-income countries that have no access to IDA Solomon Islands. Allocations to global and regional funding. SPF funding between 2009 and 2020 was initiatives amounted to 17 percent in 2020 in support of almost equally distributed across the three priority activities including the Central Asia and Afghanistan beneficiary categories, with 36 percent of funding RRRA and the Global Crisis Risk Platform. Allocations committed to IDA countries, 29 percent to countries to IBRD countries with pockets of fragility, including in arrears and non-members, 27 percent to middle- Lebanon, Colombia, Peru, and Ukraine, constituted income countries, and 8 percent to global and 16 percent of commitments. regional initiatives (figure 10). 14 See Section 1 and https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/fragilityconflictviolence/brief/harmonized-list-of-fragile-situations. 48 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: Greta Granados De Orbegoso/World Bank Figure 11. SPF Financing According to Country Eligibility for IDA and IBRD, 2020 Including blend countries, i.e. countries eligible for IDA and IBRD financing. The only blend countries in the current portfolio are * Pakistan and Uzbekistan. **Including transfer of US$7 million to Sudan Transition and Recovery Support MDTF. 49 SPF In Action Strengthening Resilience and Collaboration through Cross-Border Dialogue in the Lake Chad Region Nestled between Niger, Chad, Nigeria, and Cameroon, million refugees and internally displaced persons at the Lake Chad region has served as a regional hub the end of June 2020.15 Moreover, it has been facing for neighboring countries for centuries. Despite its climate change–related shocks, rapid demographic abundance of natural resources, the region has one growth, and weak governance, which increase of the highest concentrations of extreme poverty fragility. The security and development challenges in the world and is behind on most development go well beyond the borders of individual countries, indicators. Since 2009, it has experienced sustained requiring a cross-border response. Recognizing levels of intense conflict, causing people to flee their the immense challenges that the region has been homes and severely affecting the most vulnerable, facing, the WBG has designated it as a priority area especially women and youth. The region hosted 2.7 for support. 15  ffice for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Lake Chad Basin - Humanitarian Snapshot. June 29, 2020. O https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/20200629_LCB_humanitarian%20snapshot_en%20covid.pdf. 50 SPF Annual Report 2020 Source: https://blogs.worldbank.org/nasikiliza/together-we-are-stronger-supporting-regional-dialogue-lake-chad-region Against this background, the SPF provided $450,000 will provide stakeholders with information on the to the Cross-Border Collaboration in the Lake socioeconomic context and risk landscape in the Chad Region project in 2018. The project objective region to support them in making well-informed was to support the governments of Chad, Niger, investment decisions. Cameroon, and Nigeria develop a regional recovery With assistance from the project, regional workshops and development program focusing on enhanced were held with national government representatives cross-border collaboration. The SPF grant activities and representatives of the Lake Chad Basin were aligned and coordinated with project activities Commission to discuss the countries’ regional under the Lake Chad Region Recovery and vision and ongoing activities. In addition, four Development Project to avoid overlap and ensure regional workshops were held in Cameroon, Chad, mutual reinforcement. and Niger to support the governments' transition The SPF-funded project supported regional exchange from a humanitarian to a development response in and advisory services activities, including preparation the region. of two discussion papers on regional youth issues Building close partnerships and collaborations and cross-border trade and the regional economy. between countries takes time and effort and requires These papers informed the discussion of the plenary strategy building and dialogue between governments. meeting of the Lake Chad Basin Governors’ Forum for Although the project was completed in January Regional Cooperation on Stabilization, Peacebuilding 2020, work in the region continues and is benefitting and Sustainable Development, which took place in from what has been achieved with support from the Niger in July 2019. SPF. The project acted as a steppingstone for two The project also supported design of a knowledge larger World Bank interventions to help increase and monitoring platform for the Lake Chad region, resilience and support livelihoods in the region: which includes a geospatial data center. Because the aforementioned $170 million Lake Chad Region of technical and legal constraints, the platform is Recovery and Development Program, and additional not online yet but will continue to be developed financing of $176 million to the Multi-Sectoral and operationalized under the Lake Chad Region Crisis Recovery Project for North Nigeria, approved Recovery and Development Project. The platform in May 2020. 51 Annex 1 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS Statement of Receipts, Disbursements and Fund Balance (as of December 31, 2020) Note 2020 2019 2018 2009-2017 Total (in calendar years and expressed in US dollars) Opening balance 64,744,628.67 68,347,684.61 55,058,481.21 0.00 - Receipts Donor contributions 1 16,503,866.51 14,601,393.68 38,805,180.81 297,389,404.98 367,299,845.98 Net investments & 2 621,321.01 1,792,492.70 1,370,032.38 5,334,148.29 9,117,994.38 other incomes Total Receipts 17,125,187.52 16,393,886.38 40,175,213.19 302,723,549.50 376,417,836.59 Disbursements Grant disbursements 3 9,574,759.65 16,296,922.45 24,671,332.82 194,646,230.02 245,189,244.94 Program management 4 719,968.69 700,019.87 1,214,676.97 6,504,429.00 9,139,094.53 Net transfers to 3 7,000,000.00 3,000,000.00 1,000,000.00 44,000,000.00 55,000,000.00 single-country MDTFs World Bank 5 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,176,539.65 1,176,539.65 administration fee Refund to donors 6 0.00 0.00 0.00 1,337,870.32 1,337,870.32 Total Disbursements 17,294,728.34 19,996,942.32 26,886,009.79 247,665,068.29 311,842,748.74 Ending balance 64,575,087.85 64,744,628.67 68,347,684.61 55,058,481.21 Less: Committed funds 7 13,184,028.03 16,645,728.00 32,254,405.00 (active grants) Fund balance (available for new 8 51,391,059.82 48,098,900.67 36,093,279.61 programming) Pipeline of operational activities (first half 9 18,105,811.00 of 2021) 52 SPF Annual Report 2020 Note 1 - Donor Contributions The SPF has received US$16,503,867 in the calendar year ending December 31, 2020 from five donors: Denmark, The Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, and IBRD. With the closing of the United Nations-World Bank Multi Donor Trust Fund, Norway and Switzerland agreed to transfer their pro rata shares of the refund balance to the SPF, reflecting $842,691 from Norway and $991,033 from Switzerland. Since it was established, the SPF has received US$362,299,846 from nine bilateral donors and from the IBRD. The IBRD will contribute US$5,000,000 in CY2021. The following table provides details of contributions received and contributions receivable by Donor in respective calendar years. Contributions 2020 2019 2018 2009-2017 Total Receivables Amount in Amount in Amount in Amount in Amount in Contribution Amount Amount Amount Amount Amount Amount in Donor Contribution Contribution contribution Contribution Contribution Currency in US$ in US$ in US$ in US$ in US$ US$ Currency Currency currency Currency Currency Australia Department of Foreign AUD - - - - 1,000,000 741,800 8,110,500 7,607,417 8,349,217 Affairs and Trade Denmark Royal Ministry of DKK 35,000,000 5,777,008 30,000,000 4,530,353 70,000,000 11,267,062 60,000,000 10,713,276 32,287,698 Foreign Affairs France Ministry of Europe and USD - - - - - - 180,992 180,992 180,992 Foreign Affairs Germany Federal Ministry for EUR - - - - 3,000,000 3,419,100 2,500,000 3,034,840 6,453,940 Economic Development and Cooperation International Bank for Reconstruction and USD 5,000,000.00 5,000,000.00 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 5,000,000 226,665,640 226,665,640 241,665,640 Development The Netherlands EUR - - - - 10,000,000 11,918,620 10,000,000 14,051,000 Ministry for Foreign 28,769,620 Trade and Development Cooperation USD 2,800,000 2,800,000 - - - - - - Norway NOK - - 30,000,000 3,341,501 28,414,000 3,416,580 107,000,000 15,181,431 22,782,203 Ministry of Foreign Affairs USD 842,691 842,691 Sweden Swedish International SEK - - - - 12,500,000 1,377,942 73,969,280 9,689,720 11,067,662 Development Cooperation Agency Switzerland CHF 1,000,000 1,093,135 1,500,000 1,505,734 1,500,000 1,506,550 700,000 727,969 Swiss Agency for 5,824,421 Development and Cooperation USD 991,033 991,033 - - - - - - United Kingdom Foreign, Commonwealth GBP - - 170,000 223,805 120,000 157,527 2,800,000 4,537,120 4,918,452 53 & Development Office TOTAL (in US$) 16,503,867 14,601,394 38,805,181 292,389,405 362,299,846 The actual US$ equivalent is based on the exchange rate on the date of the fund transfer. Note 2 - Investments and Other Incomes Net investments and other incomes in the amount of US$621,321 for calendar year 2020 consist of the SPF’s share of the interest income earned by the World Bank’s trust fund portfolio including realized gains/losses from sale of securities and other incomes. Note 3 - Disbursement for SPF’s Operational Activities Cumulative disbursements to SPF grants in the amount of US$245,189,245 have been made since the establishment of the Fund, of which US$9,574,760 was disbursed in calendar year 2020. The following table provides details of the grant distribution and disbursements by region: Number of Distribution in Disbursement Distribution in Region grants percentage ($ million) percentage Africa 108 42% 122.4 50% Middle East and North Africa 39 15% 41.6 17% South Asia 19 7% 9.9 4% Global 29 11% 12.5 5% Latin America and Caribbean 20 8% 15.3 6% East Asia and Pacific 19 7% 21.8 9% Europe and Central Asia 25 10% 21.7 9% 259 100% 245.2 100% The following table provides details of the grant distribution by execution type. Number of Distribution in Total Grants Distribution in Execution Type grants percentage Amount ($ million) percentage Recipient-Executed, of which by 100 38.6% 206.2 79.8% Governments* 47 18.1% 111.7 43.2% UN entities and regional organizations 5 1.9% 10.3 4.0% Local and international NGOs 26 10.0% 62.9 24.3% Academic institutions 3 1.2% 1.9 0.7% WB on behalf of the recipient 19 7.3% 19.4 7.5% Bank-executed (BE) 159 61.4% 52.2 20.2% 259 100% 258.4 100% *includes 4 grants for a total of US$7.2 million with UN Agencies contracted by recipient governments for implementation. The SPF has also provided $55 million in net transfers to single-country MDTFs since the establishment of the Fund. Country MDTF SPF Transfer Amount ($ million) Somalia Private Sector Development Re-engagement Phase II Program (2 transfers) 5.00 Somalia Multi-Partner Fund 8.00 Jordan Emergency Services and Social Resilience Project Trust Fund 10.00 Haiti Reconstruction Trust Fund 2.00 Lebanon Syrian Crisis Multi Donor Trust Fund 10.00 Colombia Peace and Post-Conflict Support Multi Donor Trust Fund 4.00 Zimbabwe Reconstruction Fund (3 transfers) 9.00 Sudan Transition and Recovery Support Fund 7.00 Total Amount 55.00 54 SPF Annual Report 2020 Note 4 - Program Management The cost of the SPF program management for calendar year 2020 amounted to US$719,969. There has been a modest increase in the program management costs in 2020 compared to 2019. These higher costs reflect additional staff and consultant support for knowledge management and for the design of SPF 2.0. The following table provides details of expenses by the SPF Secretariat for program management. Cumulative Expense categories (in $) 2020 2019 2018 2009-2017 disbursement Staff costs 440,106.21 324,729.95 815,206.73 4,751,029.39 6,331,072.28 Consultant fees 256,636.31 357,330.01 275,546.26 904,564.86 1,794,077.44 Travel expenses 10,224.00 - 65,894.45 713,812.08 789,930.53 Other expenses 13,002.17 17,959.91 58,029.53 135,022.67 224,014.28 Total 719,968.69 700,019.87 1,214,676.97 6,504,429.00 9,139,094.53 Staff costs include salaries and benefits for the SPF Secretariat staff. Other expenses include overhead expenses; contractual services such as editing, graphic design, translation, publishing and printing; and representation and hospitality. Note 5 - Administration Fee The World Bank administration fee covers indirect costs related to corporate services provided in support of operational work. Indirect costs include institution-wide services such as human resources, information technologies, office space services, etc. The World Bank administration fee is not specific to the SPF but applies to all trust funds administered by the World Bank. No administration fee was charged in calendar year 2020, as under the World Bank’s New Cost Recovery Model the administration fee is deducted at the disbursing fund level. This means that the administration fee is not deducted at the time of receipt of contributions into the trust fund, as was done before 2017. Note 6 - Refund to Donor Refund to The Netherlands in the amount of US$1,337,870.32 was made in calendar year 2014 following the Donor’s early exit from the Fund. The refund amount was based on the pro-rated share of the uncommitted balance of the Fund at the time of exit. Note 7 - Committed Funds Commitments in the amount of US$13,184,028 are outstanding as of December 31, 2020. These are the remaining balances (funds committed but not yet disbursed) of the grants that the SPF has approved for operational activities and program management, i.e. active grants. Note 8 - Fund Balance Fund balance in the amount of US$51,391,060 is outstanding as of December 31, 2020 and can be used to finance new operational activities and program management. Note 9 – Pipeline of Operational Activities The estimated pipeline of operational activities for the first half of 2021 amounts to US$18,105,811. 55 Annex 2 SPF RESULTS FRAMEWORK 2020 Results Results Results 2020 2020 Indicator 2020 Closed Chain Target Approved Portfolio* Grants*** Grants** Support implementation or uptake of RRA findings 1.  8% 16% 4% and recommendations Support implementation or uptake of RPBA findings 2.  10% 11% 1% and recommendations 3. Advance or promote inclusive approaches and policies 40% 31% 48% 4. Support institutional reform 30% 36% 41% Outcomes 5. Support implementation of collective outcomes 30% 35% 17% 6. Catalytic leveraging of other (non-SPF) funding 35% 47% 25% 7. Ratio of funding leveraged 2.50 5.45 3.04 SPF-funded projects that are replicated, mainstreamed, or 8.  25% 28% 41% scaled (either within WBG or in external organization) Partners, donors, and other stakeholders recognizing SPF's 9.  100% 80% catalytic support, innovation, and thought leadership1 1. SPF grants providing demonstration effect 40% 44% - 47% SPF grants completed with “moderately satisfactory” 2.  85% 85% rating or higher2 3. SPF grants that support joint FCV activities with UN entities 20% 11% 25% 10% 4. SPF grants coordinating with UN entities 45% 41% 54% 25% 5. SPF grants implemented in partnership or coordination with: a) Regional or international (non-UN) organizations 15% 17% 32% 17% Intermediate Outcomes b) NGOs or civil society organizations 25% 17% 8% 43% c) Local governments 15% 11% 7% 13% Partners reporting satisfaction with quality of collaboration 6.  85% 97% and coordination3 Knowledge sharing events or exchanges held for local and 7.  15 32 0 97 international stakeholders4 Datasets produced or data sharing platforms/protocols 8.  8 5 1 16 developed4 1. SPF grants by focus area:5 (a) Forced Displacement 25% 37% 12% 17% (b) H-D-P Nexus 20% 13% 23% 14% (c) Prevention and Recovery 25% 67% 42% 97% (d) Crisis Response 20% 16% 21% 12% (e) Financing Solutions 10% 12% 2% 8% 2. SPF grants primarily addressing gender equality 20% 6% 2% 10% Outputs a) SPF grants with gender-based violence focus6 10% 5% 2% 8% SPF grants targeting the WBG FCV Strategy areas of 3.  50% 46% 49% 67% special emphasis 3. SPF grants that are: a) in countries in arrears or non-members 25% 17% - 26% b) in Middle Income Countries with FCV pockets 20% 25% 30% 23% c) Regional / trans-national 10% 5% 10% 5%  PF grants using innovative designs, ICT applications, delivery 4. S 30% 32% 56% 17% mechanisms, financing instruments, or risk mitigation strategies 56 SPF Annual Report 2020 2020 Results Reported as Number of Grants Results Results 2020 Indicator 2020 Closed Chain Approved Portfolio* Grants*** Grants** 1. Support implementation or uptake of RRA findings and recommendations 11 4 2. Support implementation or uptake of RPBA findings and recommendations 6 5 3. Advance or promote inclusive approaches and policies 32 79 4. Support institutional reform 14 57 5. Support implementation of collective outcomes 23 33 Outcomes 6. Catalytic leveraging of other (non-SPF) funding 23 53 7. Ratio of funding leveraged 5.45 3.04 SPF-funded projects that are replicated, mainstreamed, or scaled 8.  15 68 (either within WBG or in external organization) Partners, donors, and other stakeholders recognizing SPF's catalytic support, 9.  80% innovation, and thought leadership1 1. SPF grants providing demonstration effect 36 - 85 2. SPF grants completed with “moderately satisfactory” rating or higher 2 131 3. SPF grants that support joint FCV activities with UN entities 15 4 16 4. SPF grants coordinating with UN entities 48 11 57 5. SPF grants implemented in partnership or coordination with: Intermediate a) Regional or international (non-UN) organizations 19 6 33 Outcomes b) NGOs or civil society organizations 15 2 56 c) Local governments 8 2 15 6. Partners reporting satisfaction with quality of collaboration and coordination3 97% Knowledge sharing events or exchanges held for local and 7.  32 0 97 international stakeholders4 8. Datasets produced or data sharing platforms/protocols developed4 5 1 16 1. SPF grants by focus area: 5 (a) Forced Displacement 50 10 34 (b) H-D-P Nexus 35 13 20 (c) Prevention and Recovery 58 15 151 (d) Crisis Response 23 12 19 (e) Financing Solutions 11 3 9 2. SPF grants primarily addressing gender equality 9 1 32 Outputs a) SPF grants with gender-based violence focus6 7 1 30 3. SPF grants targeting the WBG FCV Strategy areas of special emphasis 38 11 80 3. SPF grants that are: a) in countries in arrears or non-members 6 - 27 b) in Middle Income Countries with FCV pockets 18 6 39 c) Regional / trans-national 8 2 13 4. SPF grants using innovative designs, ICT applications, delivery mechanisms, 27 9 34 financing instruments, or risk mitigation strategies TOTAL 94 20 165 57 Notes All targets and results measured as proportion of committed SPF grant funding. Transfers to single-country multi-donor trust funds are not included in results reporting. 2020 Portfolio includes all SPF grants active during calendar year 2020, including those grants approved * in 2020. **Results only for active grants approved in calendar year 2020. Closed Grants is comprised of grants that were legally closed as of December 31, 2019 and therefore not *** part of the 2020 Portfolio. 1 R  esults come from the stakeholder questionnaire conducted via Google Forms in February 2021. The survey had an overall response rate of 43% (61 individual respondents). The result for this indicator reflects the percentage of respondents selecting “Strongly Agree” or “Somewhat Agree”, averaged across all survey questions. 2 This indicator applies only to closed grants. 3  esults come from the Client Satisfaction Survey issued by the World Bank to the Client Points of Contact R for lending operations and Advisory Services and Analytics projects. Surveys are triggered automatically upon achievement of specified project milestones. 38 surveys were triggered for SPF-funded projects and there were 11 responses received (response rate of 29%), six for lending projects and five for ASAs. The result for this indicator reflects the percentage of respondents selecting “Strongly Agree” or “Agree”, averaged across all six survey questions. 4 R  esults for 2020 Portfolio and 2020 Approved Grants reflect knowledge sharing events held and data platforms developed during calendar year 2020. Results for Closed Grants are cumulative across the lifetime of the grants/projects. 5 G  rants may fall under more than one focus area. Grants approved since July 2018 follow a different process for assigning across focus areas than grants approved prior to calendar year 2018. This accounts for some of the differences in focus area results between the 2020 Approved Grants and the 2020 Portfolio. 6 . This indicator is a sub-set of the previous indicator “SPF grants primarily addressing gender equality” 58 SPF Annual Report 2020 Annex 3 SPF ACTIVE PROJECTS (AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2020) REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT 1 TITLE DATE OBJECTIVE (MILLION) Benin: Conflict Prevention and October Support the Government of Benin and the CMU $0.27 Youth Inclusion 2019 to mainstream conflict prevention in the context of vulnerable youth inclusion. The grant will focus on TF0B1471 understanding the drivers of fragility and violence in local communities and identifying and designing innovative and experimental development solutions to FCV causes. Burundi: Citizen Engagement June Build capacity for citizen engagement in priority $0.35 2020 service delivery sectors. The broader goal of TF0B2975 the grant is to strengthen the legitimacy of state institutions as a means of promoting stability and helping to address the political and institutional dimensions of the country’s fragility trap. Democratic Republic of May Provide the Government of DRC, the UN Ebola $0.70 Congo: Ebola – Community 2019 Emergency Response, and other partners with Engagement in Emergencies just-in-time analytics and technical assistance for an efficient and coordinated social response TF0B0336; TF0B1765 to the Ebola crisis, and ensure conflict sensitive approaches and prevention of sexual abuse in the response to the Ebola crisis. Democratic Republic of December Establish a call center for remote data collection $0.50 Congo: Crisis Observatory 2019 to fill critical data gaps, produce high frequency analytics, collaborate with other donor agencies, TF0B1698 and inform World Bank projects. The activity will also increase analytical capacity through training AFRICA and capacity building. Ethiopia: Exploring Options January Provide the Government of Ethiopia with policy $0.15 for Delivering Reproductive 2019 and service delivery recommendations to improve Health Services in Refugee access to and quality of reproductive health Hosting Areas services. The grant supports a mapping of existing health services available in refugee hosting areas TF0A9578 with a focus on reproductive health services, including profiling demand and supply issues and identifying options for streamlining access to – and improving the quality of – public health services for reproductive, maternal, and child health. The Gambia: Crisis and June Increase the information available to the $0.30 Post-Crisis Information Tools 2020 Government of The Gambia for its decision-making on social protection responses. The grant supports TF0B2999 high-frequency surveys to understand the impact and consequences of COVID-19. The grant also informs adaptations to the design of the Social Registry to identify the poor and vulnerable among urban populations and to increase the sustainability of the Social Registry. Guinea: Maximizing Risk April Promote the World Bank’s conflict prevention $0.30 Mitigation Regime Impact 2019 agenda in Guinea by supporting implementation of the IDA18 FCV Risk Mitigation Regime. TF0B0148 Humanitarian-Development Peace Nexus (HDP) Gender-Based Violence (GBV) Grants added since last annual report 1 A project may be supported by one or several grants toward the same objectives. 59 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE OBJECTIVE (MILLION) Niger: Maximizing the May Promote the World Bank’s conflict prevention $0.30 Development Impact of 2019 agenda through generation and dissemination of the IDA18 FCV Risk knowledge stemming from implementation of the Mitigation Regime IDA18 Risk Mitigation Regime in Niger. TF0B0357 Somalia: Supporting Drought April Support communities affected by drought while $4.53 Response and Resilience 2017 strengthening institutional capacities to ensure durable impacts in targeted areas by (i) developing TF0A4904; TF0A4859 local infrastructure for response and early recovery, focusing on community water storage; (ii) scaling- up an existing cash transfer program implemented using mobile payments, in collaboration with the World Food Programme; and (iii) building a roadmap for future development of a national shock-responsive social protection system. Sudan: Strengthening June Improve the efficiency and effectiveness of state- $1.50 Sub-National Fiscal 2017 level fiscal policy management and financial Policy Management accountability processes, including credibility and transparency in the use of public funds and reduced TF0A4717 opportunity for corruption in the pilot states of Red Sea, River Nile, Sinnar, and North Kordofan. Uganda: Support to Refugee October Assist the Government of Uganda with gathering $0.20 Response Plan and Preparation 2018 relevant data to respond to the refugee emergency for Uganda Secondary in an evidence-based manner with a view to Education Expansion achieving more equity in secondary school access, Project (USEEP) and support development of an education profile of the secondary school-age refugee population to TF0A8709 allow for more effective and efficient intervention AFRICA and implementation of USEEP and other programs. Uganda: Local Government November Strengthen local government capacity to (i) plan $0.25 Capacity to Integrate Refugee 2018 for and manage humanitarian crises and facilitate Issues in Planning and transitions towards longer-term development Budgeting solutions; (ii) improve channels for data collection and management for planning, risk assessment, TF0A9031 and crisis management at local level; and (iii) establish coordination mechanisms for enhanced planning. Uganda: Forced February Contribute to the sustainability of the Government $0.53 Displacement ASA 2019 of Uganda’s progressive policies and practices through generating data and evidence. The TF0A9525 activities will strengthen the capacity of central and local governments to plan for and manage humanitarian crises and to facilitate transitions to medium- and long-term development solutions. Uganda: Refugee and Host August Provide technical assistance to the Uganda $0.30 Wellbeing Monitoring 2019 Statistical Bureau (UBOS) for the inclusion of refugees in the next official household survey, TF0B0809 and design and pilot a frequent monitoring system to be managed by UBOS to track a select set of indicators of the wellbeing of refugees and host communities. Uganda: Prevention and March Support a pilot activity for mitigating risks and $0.19 Response to Gender Based 2020 addressing drivers of GBV in one refugee hosting Violence in Refugee district. The grant supports integration of activities Hosting Districts to reduce exposure to GBV as a result of the project or within the community; promotion of norms that TF0B2535 foster long-term social and cultural change toward gender equality; and facilitation of assistance for survivors through referrals to safe and ethical care by existing service providers in the district. 60 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE OBJECTIVE (MILLION) AFRICA Uganda: Shock-Responsive November Support development of a national shock- $0.24 Social Protection 2020 responsive social protection system to enhance the resilience of poor and vulnerable households in host TF0B4327 and refugee communities. Papua New Guinea: March Contribute to rebuilding post-conflict social $4.92 Inclusive Development in 2011 capital at the community level by strengthening Post-Conflict Bougainville the capacity of women’s organizations and women-focused civil society organizations and TF098558 by implementing women-inclusive community development activities with a more explicit focus on the development priorities of women. EAST ASIA & PACIFIC Philippines: Attaining Just August Provide the Government and peace partners with $1.25 and Lasting Peace 2017 access to a series of technical assistance and knowledge products designed to support the TF0A5594 effective delivery of the peace and development agenda. Solomon Islands: Study on August Increase food security and provide improved market $0.35 Agriculture Value Chains 2020 access in selected commodities and value chains, as well as enhance institutional capacity. The grant TF0B3664 will undertake a rapid impact analysis of COVID-19 on rural communities and selected agricultural commodities both from fragility and food-security perspectives, to strengthen the understanding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock on emerging fragility and food security risks. Central Asia and September Promote a shared understanding of risk and $0.45 Afghanistan: Regional Risk 2020 resilience factors between international partners and Resilience Assessment as a foundation for better coordinated and (RRRA) impactful regional and cross-border strategies, policy dialogue with Governments, financing and TF0B3863 programming. The RRRA focuses on two sub- regions: the Ferghana Valley and border areas between Afghanistan and Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. The RRRA will be undertaken as a joint exercise between the World Bank, United Nations and the UK’s FCDO. Tajikistan: Risk April Promote the World Bank’s prevention agenda in $0.30 EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA Mitigation Regime 2019 Tajikistan through support for implementation of the IDA18 Risk Mitigation Regime. TF0B0136 Tajikistan: Strengthening April Enhance the capacity of the National Social $1.0 Youth Resilience 2020 Investment Fund of Tajikistan (NSIFT) to deliver high quality socio-economic support services to at- TF0B2688 risk youth and female-headed households through the Socio-Economic Resilience Strengthening Project. The grant will engage youth development specialists, psychologists, and experts in prevention of violent extremism, along with UNICEF, to deliver technical implementation support to NSIFT. Turkey: Support to Refugees August Support the transition of refugees to community $0.80 Transitioning to Communities 2019 living in target provinces in Turkey by piloting a socio-economic support package aimed at TF0B0893 preparing the transition of residents from temporary TF0B0894 accommodation centers in two select camps to independent lives amongst host communities. 61 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE OBJECTIVE (MILLION) Ukraine: Conflict Response May Build the capacity of the Ministry of Temporarily $3.65 and Recovery Pilot and 2016 Occupied Territories to address the development Capacity Building impacts of the conflict through capacity building, knowledge generation and pilot recovery and TF0A3307; TF0A1863; peacebuilding activities. TF0A2694 Ukraine: Economic Recovery April Undertake a mixed-method, multi-sectoral $0.45 of Eastern Ukraine 2020 analysis to generate policy and investment recommendations for socio-economic recovery EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA TF0B2674 and growth of eastern Ukraine. The study will draw on innovative data collection methods, economic modeling, and in-depth consultations with Ukrainian and international stakeholder to generate an evidence-based and pragmatic forward-looking vision for economic recovery of conflict-affected regions. Uzbekistan: Strengthening January Increase the capacity of the Government of $0.45 Inclusive Infrastructure and 2020 Uzbekistan, NGOs, and local self-governing Service Delivery bodies to implement at scale a new approach to delivering local infrastructure and services that is TF0B1925 inclusive, conflict- and gender-sensitive. The grant will assist the Ministry of Economy and Industry to test and fine-tune conflict-sensitive approaches for participatory and inclusive service delivery to be scaled through the Prosperous Village Project and the Obod Qishloq state program. The grant will also develop and disseminate operational tools for conflict-sensitive development. Colombia: Health System February Improve the overall capacity of the Government $0.45 and Migration 2020 of Colombia (through the Ministry of Health) to meet the health needs of Venezuelan migrants TF0B2050 in a coordinated fashion with development agencies. The grant will identify sustainable health interventions for Venezuelan migrants and contribute to global and regional knowledge creation and dissemination on health in FCV contexts. Colombia: Emergency September Provide emergency support to mitigate the $3.70 COVID Response 2020 impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable migrants and refugees while avoiding potential TF0B4001 migration-related conflicts with host communities LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN (RETF grant pending) in Colombia. The RE grant will provide emergency cash transfers through WFP to vulnerable migrants and refugees in Colombia who have not been covered by social protection emergency programs. The BE grant will contribute to strengthening the institutional framework for the COVID-19 emergency response in Colombia, mitigating exclusion and xenophobia. Peru: Emergency Response September Support the inclusion of and support for Venezuelan $4.0 for Venezuelan Migrants and 2020 migrants in Peru, improve the country’s response to Refugees COVID-19, and reduce exclusion and xenophobia. The RE grant implements emergency cash transfers TF0B3893 to Venezuelan migrants and refugees through IOM. (RETF grant pending) The BE grant supports strengthened response coordination, policy making and anti-xenophobia work, and project supervision. Venezuela: Supporting July Support the development of a prioritization strategy $0.98 Recovery, State Building, and 2019 for reconstruction and for recovery and peace- and Social Inclusion in Venezuela state-building, setting a path for the economic, institutional, social and physical recovery and TF0B0826 reconstruction of Venezuela. 62 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE OBJECTIVE (MILLION) MENA: Social Media July Support the creation of a MENA Social Media $0.35 Monitoring 2020 Lab that integrates social media monitoring through Twitter with high frequency mobile TF0B3311 phone monitoring already under implementation as part of the COVID-19 response. The MENA Social Media Lab will capture trends linked to state- and peacebuilding through major reform and developmental processes in MENA through messaging content and social network analytics. Lebanon: The National February Increase youth civic engagement that in the $4.00 Volunteer Service Program 2013 medium term will contribute to improved social cohesion across communities and regions by: TF010404 (i) expanding youth volunteerism, particularly in communities other than the communities from which the volunteers come; and (ii) improving the employability of youth through enhanced (soft) skills. Lebanon: Beirut August Undertake a Rapid Disaster and Needs Assessment $0.30 Explosion RDNA 2020 (RDNA) to inform the Government of Lebanon, the World Bank and the international community TF0B3756 on the impacts of the explosion on the population, physical assets, infrastructure and service delivery; and conduct a preliminary estimate of physical MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA infrastructure reconstruction and service delivery restoration needs. The assessment will estimate damages, losses, and needs and will produce a preliminary reconstruction framework based on these findings. Lebanon: Reform, Recovery, October Provide the programmatic framework for $0.30 and Reconstruction Framework 2020 an integrated platform for multi-stakeholder engagement around Lebanon and Beirut’s reform, TF0B4167 recovery and reconstruction process, building on the RDNA. Tunisia: Operationalizing April Accelerate development of marginalized geographic $0.52 Conflict Prevention – 2019 areas by supporting the capacity of local actors Mitigating Risks and to identify and address grievances of exclusion. Supporting Resilience This pilot aims to strengthen the ability of the Government of Tunisia to address mounting TF0B0139 grievances related to inequality across regions and social groups which, if left unaddressed, may undermine the country’s historic transition. West Bank and Gaza: September Contribute to funding output and outcome $2.00 Development Impact Bond 2017 payments of the Development Impact Bond, which for Jobs is being tested under the World Bank Finance for Jobs Project to catalyze private investment TF0A5113; TF0A5114 to enhance skills and job readiness in a more market-oriented way, thereby fostering improved employment outcomes. Yemen: Strengthening January Strengthen the evidence base for improved $0.33 Humanitarian-Development 2020 humanitarian-development coordination in the Coordination provision of key social protection, health and education services. The activity also seeks to assess TF0B1950 gender-disaggregated education, health and social protection outcomes five years into conflict. 63 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE OBJECTIVE (MILLION) Afghanistan: Forced February Strengthen the enabling environment for economic $0.20 Displacement Engagement 2019 opportunities in cities where there is a high influx of displaced people. This will be pursued by increasing TF0A9798 returnees’ access to civil documents; providing short-term employment opportunities; improving market enabling infrastructure; and supporting investor-friendly regulatory reforms. Bangladesh: Supporting September Support a coordinated and evidence-based $0.60 Rohingya Crisis Response 2019 medium- to long-term planning framework for refugees and hosts. The grant aims to improve crisis TF0B1048 response coordination; produce diagnostics for an expanded knowledge base on the vulnerabilities of refugees and hosts; and prepare a roadmap to inform a comprehensive medium- to long-term strategy. Nepal: Integrated Platform May Raise awareness about, and improve the response $2.00 for Gender-Based Violence 2016 to, GBV in Nepal and improve the quality and Prevention and Response reach of services for GBV survivors through a helpline, promoting greater awareness among key TF0A2450; TF0A2451; stakeholders, and strengthening the capacity of the TF0A2452 National Women Commission. SOUTH ASIA Nepal: Risk Mitigation Regime July Promote the World Bank’s conflict prevention $0.30 2019 agenda through support to implementation of the TF0B0776 IDA18 Risk Mitigation Regime. Pakistan: Profiling of Afghan October Deepen the understanding of socio-economic $0.35 Nationals in Pakistan’s 2018 outcomes of Afghan refugees and Afghan nationals Urban Areas living in Pakistan's urban areas by supporting primary data collection in the three major urban TF0A8674 centers with the highest concentration of Afghan nationals: Karachi, Peshawar and Quetta. Pakistan: Response and June Provide strategic support on gender and social $0.50 Prevention of Gender Based 2019 inclusion issues to help define key operational, Violence in Conflict-Affected in technical and analytical work for impact on Khyber Pakhtunkhwa the implementation of the Pakistan 2015 Country Partnership Strategy. This includes: (i) TF0B0452 strengthening GBV-related referral services across all World Bank projects in the region; (ii) enhancing the capacity of Government counterparts to prevent and respond to GBV; and (iii) pilot a behavioral intervention to change attitudes that normalize violence amongst women and men. Operationalizing Conflict November Promote innovation in knowledge sharing $0.72 Prevention in Community 2018 and technical support to community-driven Driven Development development projects in FCV environments, as part Operations of the operationalization of the joint UN-World Bank Pathways for Peace study. GLOBAL TF0A9183 Risk Mitigation Regime: March Promote the World Bank’s conflict prevention $0.50 Global Knowledge 2019 agenda through generation and dissemination of knowledge stemming from the TF0A9906 implementation of the IDA18 Risk Mitigation Regime in four pilot countries. 64 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT DEVELOPMENT GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE OBJECTIVE (MILLION) Strengthening the Security July Strengthen the definition and practice of the World $0.70 Development Nexus 2019 Bank’s contribution to the security-development agenda at the country and corporate level. TF0B0706 The broader aim is to provide an overarching strategic narrative on the role that development programming can play in supporting efforts to tackle key issues such as insecurity, violent extremism, irregular migration, and organized crime. Investing in Justice for Peace, September Produce and disseminate a Flagship Report that $0.12 Growth and Poverty Reduction 2019 examines, for the first time, how justice contributes to poverty reduction, shared prosperity, and TF0B1079 the prevention and mitigation of conflict and violence. The grant supports the development and dissemination of the theme related to the role of justice in the prevention and mitigation of conflict and violence. Epidemic Risk Modeling December Develop epidemic crisis identification and risk $0.10 2019 modeling methods and capacities for a more TF0B1760 comprehensive and accurate understanding of the potential effects that epidemic risks pose to a given country and to help inform programming for preparedness. Operationalizing HDP Nexus December Strengthen national health systems in FCV settings $0.25 for Health, Nutrition, and 2019 to meet the health needs of displaced populations Population Operations in and contribute to global and regional knowledge GLOBAL FCV Contexts creation and sharing with regards to health in FCV contexts. TF0B1532; TF0B1837 Global Crisis Risk Platform September Contribute to strengthening the World Bank’s $0.80 2020 capabilities on identification, analysis and TF0B4019 monitoring of multi-dimensional risks. This grant will allow the Bank to test new and innovative approaches to support this objective and facilitate cross-sectoral collaboration. Food Security Information Hub December Provide a one-stop-shop to support access to all $0.40 2020 of the relevant food security data produced by the TF0B4616 World Bank and by external sources, and produce critical analysis to support early detection and diagnosis of emerging food insecurity crises. These will be undertaken through the launch, testing, and roll-out of an “Early Warning for Early Action: Food Security Information Hub” and associated tools and analytical services. Monitoring Unrest and Conflict December Support country teams in identifying, monitoring, $0.57 during COVID 2020 and addressing risks of social unrest and conflict associated with COVID-19. The grant will build TF0B4743 a system to monitor social unrest, conflict and violence, with a specific focus on the role and impact of COVID-19, across six countries to allow governments and others to craft prevention and mitigation responses. 65 Annex 4 SPF COMPLETED1 PROJECTS (AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2020) REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT 2 TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Africa: Afrobarometer October $3.21 Governance Perception 2017 Surveys: Peacebuilding and Statebuilding TF014918 Africa: Ebola Response – April $0.12 Liberia, Guinea, and 2019 Sierra Leone TF0A1990 Africa: Pastoralism and December $2.4 Stability in the Sahel and 2017 Horn of Africa (PASSHA) TF0A1108; TF0A1109 Africa: GBV Initiative in Great March 2018 $0.05 Lakes Trade Facilitation Project TF0A5348 AFRICA Africa: Cross-Border January The grant supported the Governments of Chad, $0.44 Collaboration in the 2020 Niger, Cameroon and Nigeria in developing a Lake Chad Region regional recovery and development program focusing on enhanced cross-border collaboration. TF0A8979 The project activities were aligned with the activities under the Lake Chad Region Recovery and Development Project (PROLAC). The SPF- funded activity supported the design of the Knowledge and Monitoring platform for the Lake Chad Region which, once operational, will provide stakeholders with information on the socio-economic context and risk landscape in the region in order to support them in making more informed investment decisions. The grant also funded a series of workshops with national government representatives and representatives of the Lake Chad Basin Commission to discuss the countries’ regional vision and ongoing activities as well as workshops to discuss the transition from a humanitarian to a development response in the region. Gender-Based Violence (GBV) 1 T  his list includes projects that closed on or after January 1, 2014. Summaries are provided only for projects that closed in calendar year 2020. For summaries of projects that closed earlier, please see earlier annual reports published at http://www.worldbank.org/en/ programs/state-and-peace-building-fund. 2 A project may be supported by one or several SPF grants toward the same objective(s).  66 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Africa: Support to IDA18 June The grant supported implementation of the IDA 18 $0.41 Sub-Window for Refugees and 2020 sub-window for refugees and host communities Host Communities—Burundi, (RSW). In Burundi the grant supported analytical Kenya, Rwanda inputs to inform the IDA 18 RSW-funded Burundi Integrated Community Development Project, TF0A9081 including assessments of refugee freedom of movement and grievance redress systems and of how to include refugees into local planning systems. The grant also reviewed the environmental impacts of the refugee presence, which was identified as a major trigger of conflict between refugees and host communities. Initially planned technical assistance to the Government of Kenya for the adoption of the CRRF was canceled as refugee-oriented discussions did not develop to the point envisioned and Kenya chose not to access the IDA 18 RSW. Africa: Global Crisis Risk June The grant delivered four successful innovation $0.10 Platform: Agriculture and Food 2020 challenges which produced new agriculture risk Security Risk Financing financing tools and methods that are being adopted in several SADC countries. A regional policy note TF0B1657 on the improvement of the agriculture and food security risk financing framework was well received by SADC and some member countries and will serve as a guiding note for both regional and national activities. Finally, the grant developed a network of experts and institutions (private, public, academia and international organizations) working towards the improvement of the management of risk financing in food security and agriculture, which AFRICA is expected to inform a series of analytical pieces on drought resilience and digital agriculture. Central African Republic: October $2.25 Safe and Reliable Public 2016 Electricity Project TF094990 Central African Republic: March $0.05 GBV Initiative in Natural 2018 Resources Governance Project TF0A4651 Central African Republic: September This critical operation ensured transport $4.84 Local Connectivity 2019 connectivity between poorly connected areas in Emergency Project the lagging regions in the Northeast of the country. The grant enabled the rehabilitation of the National TF0A2340; TF0A2082 Road No. 8, a gravel and earth road section of about 333 km, thus enabling the isolated rural populations of the Northeast to be physically connected to the capital and the country’s other urban centers, and giving them access to markets and trade. The project also rehabilitated and equipped the Ministry of Public Works prefectural service chief offices in Kaga-Bandoro and Ndélé to ensure proper supervision. By the time the project closed, the road was able to reopen. The SPF-funded operation also led to the preparation of a larger project, the US$45 million IDA-financed Rural Connectivity Project, which was designed to further strengthen the results of this project. 67 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Chad: GBV Initiative February $0.05 in Hydrological and 2019 Meteorological Services Modernization Project TF0A6009 Democratic Republic of January $4.67 Congo: Community Recovery 2016 and Resilience Project TF016616 Democratic Republic of January $4.0 Congo: Prevention and 2017 Mitigation of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) in North and South Kivu TF018380 Democratic Republic of January $0.05 Congo: GBV Initiative in 2018 Growth with Governance AFRICA in the Mineral Sector Project TF0A5095 Democratic Republic of June $0.99 Congo: Learning from Sexual 2018 and Gender-Based Violence Prevention Pilot TF0A0297 Democratic Republic of July $0.05 Congo: GBV Initiative in 2018 Kinshasa Urban Development and Resilience Project TF0A4718 Ethiopia: GBV Initiative in March $0.05 Electrification Program 2019 TF0A5829 68 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Ethiopia: Operationalizing September The grant supported new analytical work on the $1.42 Forced Displacement 2019 socioeconomic integration of refugees to support Program in Ethiopia the Agency for Refugees and Returnees Affairs (ARRA) with the integration agenda. The grant TF0A7316 supported an extensive desk review and field- based data collection in refugee-hosting areas within Somali, Benishangul-Gumuz, and Tigray regions. Stakeholder consultations were held with refugees and hosts, as well as with ARRA, other key government agencies, development and humanitarian partners, and the private sector. A synthesis report and three regional analyses were produced based on the field research. The reports provided an overall analysis of factors for socioeconomic integration and proposed key recommendations to support the implementation of the new Refugee Proclamation and to operationalize socioeconomic integration. Ethiopia: Social and Gender December The grant produced a new social analysis report to $0.16 Analysis of Sustainability of 2019 deepen the understanding of the social dynamics Refugee-Hosting Areas present in various refugee-hosting regions. The report was commissioned to help the Ethiopian TF0A8645 government in its efforts to promote the self- reliance and socioeconomic integration of refugees AFRICA by examining the impact of displacement on the lives of refugees and host communities. Activities included a desk review and fieldwork with extensive data collection, including semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and a collection of life histories. The final report, Impact of Refugees on Hosting Communities in Ethiopia, was published in July 2020 and highlights the socioeconomic impacts of displacement and proposed development response and policy implications with four case studies of Addis Ababa, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, and Somali Region. Ethiopia: Refugee and November The grant filled data and analytical gaps on $0.07 Host-areas Household Survey 2019 socioeconomic outcomes of refugees and host communities by designing a refugee and host- TF0B0081 areas household survey in collaboration with the Central Statistical Agency and the Agency of Refugee and Returnees Affairs. The grant supported technical discussions on the possibility of including refugees in the national household survey and on the potential survey questionnaire, sampling strategy, and design. During this initial phase, the team worked closely with UNHCR on available data sources and possible ways forward. 69 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Ethiopia: Refugee and June The grant contributed to filling data and analytical $0.05 Host-areas Household 2020 gaps on the socioeconomic outcomes of refugees Survey in Ethiopia and host communities by funding preparatory activities to include refugees in the national TF0B2496 household survey. Given that refugees are not included as part of the national household survey, it is currently not possible to systematically compare socioeconomic and welfare outcomes of refugees and host populations. Technical assistance was provided to the Central Statistics Agency on designing a sampling strategy and the survey questionnaire and on understanding the opportunities and challenges of collecting data from refugee populations. A sampling methodology note was produced in collaboration with the Central Statistics Agency and a survey questionnaire was drafted with contributions from the Ethiopian Administration for Refugee and Returnee Affairs, the Joint Data Center, and UNHCR. Data collection from a sample of 2,500 to 3,000 households – including camp-based refugee groups, host communities, and refugees in Addis Ababa – was being prepared at the time of the grant closing. The comparative data on refugees and host communities collected in the survey will inform analysis of the social dynamics and long-term socio-economic viability of refugee hosting areas. The Gambia: Understanding June The grant funded a migration study based on a $0.30 International Migration in 2020 mixed-methods approach utilizing quantitative and West Africa qualitative data collection. The research aimed to AFRICA describe patterns of international migration and TF0B0856 its determinants; understand the consequences of migration on the welfare of households and communities; and identify the vulnerabilities and opportunities for return migrants. The large scale household survey was completed with 3,000 households; almost 200 focus group discussions and key informant interviews were also completed. The survey results revealed that international and return migration have significantly increased since 2010, particularly to Europe; international migrants are significantly more educated and skilled, in part because of the training and learning they undergo during their stay abroad; and international migration contributes to the welfare of households left behind and is a driver for cultural change. Guinea: Public Sector March $0.12 Governance and 2016 Accountability Project TF014366 Guinea: Public Sector September $1.81 Governance and 2016 Accountability Project TF014085 Guinea-Bissau: Extractive July $2.08 Industries Sectors Technical 2016 Assistance TF016304; TF016305 70 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Guinea-Bissau: Participatory June $5.00 Rural Development 2015 TF094746 Guinea-Bissau: GBV Initiative June $0.05 in Strengthening Maternal 2018 and Child Health Service Delivery Project TF0A5792 Kenya: GBV Initiative in February $0.05 Development Response to 2018 Displacement Impacts Project in the Horn of Africa TF0A4565 Kenya: Socio-Economic February The grant contributed to increasing UNHCR’s $0.20 Refugee Profiling 2020 capacity to design and implement refugee surveys. The grant supported UNHCR in designing refugee TF0A9033 surveys and data collection and monitoring AFRICA processes, and a socio-economic assessment of Kalobeyei was produced in collaboration with UNHCR. Other stakeholders such as the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, county government entities and NGOs benefited from the grant by increasing their capacity to design evidence-based programs and projects for Kenya's displaced populations. Liberia: Land Sector Reforms: March $2.98 Rehabilitation and Reform 2014 of Land Rights Registration Project TF094864 Liberia: Strengthening March $1.63 Governance - Civil 2016 Service Reforms TF010792 Liberia: Strengthening March $1.23 Governance - Improving 2016 Access to Justice and Enhancing Accountability TF011340 71 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Liberia: Medium and Small March This grant aimed to improve the availability of $4.41 Enterprises (MSMEs) and 2019 credit to MSMEs and implement best practices Rural Finance Post Ebola in government to support MSME lending. It Reconstruction supported the development a framework to provide finance to MSMEs on sustainable terms. The TF0A2356; TF0A1788 project helped to establish a line of credit facility to provide MSMEs affordable investment capital based on market principles, which helped increase lending to MSMEs. At project closure, 2,600 loans had been disbursed, significantly more than the 300 envisioned at project start. The project also enhanced the capacity of Participating Financial Institutions to lend profitably through the extension of an affordable line of credit to increase their lending. By providing low interest loans, the project enabled Microfinance Institutions to significantly increase their lending and revenue. The anticipated application of the financing facility’s financing framework onto other financing schemes in the country stands to magnify the impact of the project. Mali: Jobs for Youth in May The grant designed a psycho-social support $0.37 Central Mali 2020 curriculum for youth in conflict-affected areas of central Mali. Surveys and focus group discussions TF0A7806 of youth aspirations, economic opportunities, and fragility were held, and psychometric questionnaires were designed to better understand the ways in which conflict shapes youth outlooks. The psycho- social support curriculum was intended to inform the design of programming to support for jobs for youth. However, operational challenges arising from AFRICA the conflict environment, political volatility and the pandemic led to implementation delays and the originally-planned evaluation of the psycho-social support curriculum was not completed. Mauritania: Refugee inclusion January The grant successfully supported the Adaptive $0.03 in the social safety net system 2020 Social Protection agenda during its first phase (2015-2020) through technical assistance by which TF0A9163 the Government of Mauritania was able to establish mechanisms, programs, and tools that can protect household well-being during and after a shock and strengthen long-term resilience. The grant supported two studies: “Economic interactions between refugee areas and nearby cities” and “Refugee profile analyses to define options and modalities to include them in national social safety net schemes.” The grant activities defined the conditions under which the refugees living in the Hodh el Chargui region would be included in governmental programs in a context of shrinking humanitarian resources and structural vulnerability of host communities in a pastoralist economy. Niger: GBV Initiative in May $0.05 Governance of Extractive 2019 industries for Local Development TF0A7549 Niger: Refugee Survey June $0.40 2019 TF0A7877 72 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Nigeria: GBV Initiative in June $0.05 Nigeria for Women Project 2018 TF0A5000 Nigeria: Humanitarian June $0.47 Development Peace Initiative 2018 for North East Nigeria TF0A5089 Rwanda: Economic April $0.04 Opportunity & Activity 2019 Assessment for Refugee and Host Community Integration in Rwanda TF0A9360 Senegal: Community September $2.55 Peacebuilding Initiatives in 2015 Casamance TF013474; TF013598 Senegal: GBV Initiative June $0.04 in Unlocking Youth 2018 Potential Project TF0A4706 AFRICA Somalia: Knowledge for April $1.93 Operations and Political 2014 Economy Program (SKOPE) TF099423 Somalia: Additional Financing October $2.04 for the Somalia Knowledge 2015 for Operations and Political Economy (SKOPE) TF016301 Somalia: Support to March $2.00 the Information and 2016 Communication Technologies Sector TF017370; TF017371 Somalia: Public Financial March $4.50 Management Capacity 2016 Strengthening Project TF016181 Somalia: Somaliland Water for July $1.99 Agro-pastoral Livelihoods Pilot 2018 TF0A0646; TF0A0684 Somalia: Towage Services in June $0.06 Berbera Port 2017 TF0A0407 73 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) South Sudan: Dynamics June This grant supported a study to provide an in $0.45 of South Sudan’s 2020 depth understanding of the conflict dynamics in Conflict Economy South Sudan, as the magnitude and dynamics of the conflict and the war economy remain poorly TF0A9011 understood. The study focused on the implications of conflict for agricultural production and food security, informal trade and financing flows, people’s movements including human trafficking and migration, and dynamics of spillovers to neighboring countries. The study drew on new sources of data, information technology and artificial intelligence that are starting to change the understanding of economic systems in conflict and shocks propagation. The knowledge generated by this work helped strengthen the understanding of how illicit flows may finance the macro-fiscal framework of the war economy, informing new economic approaches in conflict areas. The study findings also informed regional approaches to South Sudan and formed the basis for a different understanding of the risks of food crisis. The work informed the new Country Engagement Note as well as IDA operations. South Sudan: Third Party December Upon a return to the country after evacuation $2.00 Monitoring of South 2019 in July 2016, the grant helped to strengthen risk Sudan Portfolio management in World Bank operations through third-party monitoring (TPM) in a highly volatile TF0A5171 and difficult environment. In turn, it informed the preparation of new operations through conflict analytics, forced displacement data, and service AFRICA delivery mapping. The grant allowed for the verification of activities through monthly site visit monitoring and the later evaluation of two IDA projects: the Local Governance and Service Delivery Project and the Rapid Results Health Project. IOM served as third-party monitor but following a shift in the CMU portfolio to implement all projects with third party agencies, including UN agencies, it was agreed that it would be inappropriate for IOM to act as a TPM for projects executed by UN agencies. The grant activities then focused on data and analytical work supporting Bank teams in designing future projects with a focus on forced displacement and return; provision of local services; and social cohesion, exclusion, and conflict. South Sudan: Health April $0.14 Innovation and Resilience 2019 TF0A1989 South Sudan: Strengthening September $2.35 Core Functions for Managing 2017 Resource Dependence TF010157 Sudan: Sustainable March $2.78 Livelihoods for Displaced and 2016 Vulnerable Communities in Eastern Sudan TF015559; TF015561 74 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Sudan: Peacebuilding for March $4.99 Development Project: Phase 2 2017 TF016068 Sudan: Budgeting Capacity June $4.52 Strengthening Project 2017 TF018013 Sudan: Sustainable January This grant supported the second phase of the $4.48 Livelihoods for Displaced and 2020 Sustainable Livelihoods for Displaced and Vulnerable Communities in Vulnerable Communities in Eastern Sudan project. Eastern Sudan: Phase 2 The second phase project aimed to build the capacity of local stakeholders, including state TF0A3002; TF0A3003; authorities, displaced persons and vulnerable host TF0A2654 communities, to plan and implement sustainable natural resource management practices and improve livelihood techniques. The project sought to use livelihoods support as an economic incentive to engage IDPs and host communities in sustainable natural resource management. This was achieved through a portfolio of small- scale works aimed at mitigating and adapting to the effects of climate change and environmental degradation. The grant activities included capacity building, communication activities, and support of youth entrepreneurship. The project reached 48,174 beneficiaries (42.5 percent female) and completed 33 small-scale works. At project closing 80 percent of beneficiaries reported an understanding of the linkages between improved natural resource management practices and sustainable livelihoods. AFRICA Togo: Private Sector September $1.09 Revitalization 2015 TF096690 Uganda: GBV Initiative in June $0.04 Development Responses to 2019 Forced Displacement Project TF0A7178 Uganda: Refugee Monitoring December The grant led to the inclusion of refugees in the $0.20 and Analysis 2019 Local Development Plans of refugee hosting areas in terms of access to basic services TF0A7679 (education, health and sanitation services) and livelihood support. The grant funded the design, implementation and analysis of the Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey, which culminated with the production and launch of the report “Informing the Refugee Policy Response in Uganda” analyzing the living conditions, wellbeing and socio-economic profile of refugees and host communities. The report was instrumental for local administrative levels to incorporate the refugee population in the design of the Local Development Plans. In addition, the grant built the technical expertise of Uganda Bureau of Statistics in collecting refugee-related data, which has led the government to consider the inclusion of refugees in the National Statistical System (initial plans to include them in 2020 were halted by COVID-19). 75 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Uganda: Development of February The grant supported analysis of woodland $0.23 Evidence-Based Investment 2020 degradation resulting from the rapid influx of Plans for Biomass Energy and displaced peoples into western and southwestern Woodland Management in Uganda to inform a comprehensive response Refugee-Impacted Areas to woodland management, biomass energy security, and district planning. The grant piloted a TF0A8461 methodology for assessing the impacts of increased refugee populations on natural resources. Field work was undertaken jointly with UN FAO and included geospatial analysis and mapping in three refugee-hosting districts as well as analysis of local priorities for action. A final report included investment options and recommendations for sustainable environmental management that would support biomass energy access and livelihood resilience for refugees and host communities. Uganda: Strengthening April The grant supported technical assistance to $0.15 Provision of Water Supply and 2020 improve the provision of water services in refugee Sanitation Service Delivery in settlements and hosting communities through Districts Hosting Refugees effective sector reforms and sustainable service delivery models. The grant supported a deep-dive TF0A8701 assessment of the provision of water services in selected refugee settlements and host communities and an analysis of options for user fee structure and management models in refugee settlements. A workshop on building resilient water systems was held and support provided to the government to standardize water system designs and operating and maintenance procedures in refugee settlements. The grant support informed sector policy dialogues and institutional reforms as well AFRICA as greatly enhanced overall sector coordination, external collaboration with UN agencies and regional knowledge sharing and learning. Uganda: Prevention and January This grant supported implementation of an $0.11 Response to Gender Based 2020 IDA project, Uganda Development Response Violence in Refugee Hosting to Displacement Impacts in the HOA, which Districts in Uganda addresses the social, economic, and environmental impacts of refugee presence in host communities. TF0A9227 The SPF grant provided additional resources to ensure that there is sufficient focus on prevention and mitigation of GBV and violence against children risks through the components of the project. The SPF grant enabled increased access of women, girls and boys to basic services, including health, education, water and sanitation. It also strengthened existing women’s groups to support social empowerment and agency both among refugees and hosting communities. The work had a strong focus on raising awareness about and challenge the acceptability of gender-based violence among refugees and hosting communities. Uganda: Integrated March The grant produced a physical and investment $0.14 Framework for Comprehensive 2020 planning framework for integrated spatial and Response to Forced socioeconomic interventions in four refugee-hosting Displacement in West Nile districts in Northern Uganda. The framework recommendations were mainstreamed in the TF0A9228 national development plan as well as the Planning framework for Local Governments in Uganda. The framework also contributed to the Uganda Support to Municipal Infrastructure Development Program, which includes a focus on refugee hosting districts and urban centers. 76 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Uganda: Mitigating March The grant developed an Environmental and $0.15 Environmental and Social 2020 Social Management Plan (ESMP) detailing Impacts in Host Districts mitigation measures for addressing the identified and potentially negative environmental and social TF0A9735 impacts resulting from the refugee influx. The report was disseminated nationally during an online validation workshop that convened stakeholders including relevant government ministries; officials from affected refugee-hosting districts; NGOs and CSOs; representatives of international organizations involved in refugee response; community leaders; and members of refugee and refugee-hosting communities. Uganda: Scoping Economic February The grant supported analysis of financial and $0.17 Opportunities for Host 2020 market-based solutions with the potential to Communities and Refugees create economic opportunities for refugees and host communities. Three rapid diagnostic reports AFRICA TF0A9827 identified private sector opportunities and barriers to business in Arua and Isingiro counties with a focus on the Rhino and Nakivale settlements. The reports identified areas for potential intervention, including fostering market linkages between micro- entrepreneurs and farmers and buyers located in the settlement areas; piloting a skilling program for refugees and host communities; increasing the proximity of financial access points; developing financial services tailored to MSMEs; and deepening digital financial services ecosystems. The diagnostic findings were presented to national and district-level government officials as well as humanitarian and development partners, private sector stakeholders (agribusiness firms, telecommunications operations, and banks), and communities in Arua and Isingiro. The findings have also been incorporated in the design of the Uganda-Investment for Industrial Transformation and Employment Project. Pacific Islands: Addressing October This grant was instrumental in informing the World $0.12 Gender Based Violence (GBV) 2019 Bank’s GBV/VAC strategies across the Pacific and Violence Against Children transport portfolio and strengthening capacity (VAC) in the Pacific to prevent and address GBV/VAC in transport projects. The grant supported World Bank task TF0A7116 teams and clients on adapting codes of conduct using a human rights-based and survivor-centered approach and best interest determination for children. The grant team also worked with clients to develop response and accountability frameworks based on best practices with step-by-step EAST ASIA & PACIFIC responses for potential cases. A GBV/VAC law fact sheet was developed for Pacific Island countries that outlined the national laws and policies relevant to GBV and child protection, labor laws, and customary laws. In collaboration with regional partners and local NGOs, a mapping of local service providers and programs with prevention and support services was completed. Workshops were delivered to World Bank task teams on integrating GBV/VAC strategies into infrastructure projects and on how to work with local service providers, and to clients to help strengthen their capacity to prevent, mitigate and address GBV/ VAC on transport projects. The grant activities are relevant beyond the transportation sector, with interest in developing GBV/VAC codes of conduct voiced by other operational sectors, such as agriculture, energy, extractives and water. 77 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Papua New Guinea: June $0.75 Addressing Family and 2018 Sexual Violence in Extractive Industry Areas TF0A0714 Papua New Guinea: August $1.80 Piloting Rural Service Delivery 2017 and Local Governance TF018447 Philippines: Encouraging September $2.55 More Resilient Communities in 2014 Conflict-Affected Areas TF096569; TF096577; EAST ASIA & PACIFIC TF096578 Philippines: Health October $0.15 Knowledge Support 2018 TF0A1991 Solomon Islands: Rapid June $3.35 Employment Project 2017 TF095966; TF096068 Thailand: Expanding December $4.20 Community Approaches 2017 in Conflict Situations Southernmost Provinces TF015382 Tuvalu & Vanuatu: GBV February $0.08 Initiative in Tuvalu Aviation 2018 Investment Project Additional Financing III and Vanuatu Aviation Investment Project Additional Financing TF0A5016; TF0A5525 Central Asia: Development December This grant supported analytical work on Prevention $0.49 Approaches for Preventing 2019 of Violent Extremism (PVE) in Tajikistan, the Violent Extremism first part of a multi-country study “Central Asia: Development Approaches for Preventing TF0A6915 Violent Extremism” analyzing the youth, gender EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA and local dimensions of radicalization and recruitment by violent extremist groups and presenting policy approached to address them. The study defined a development approach for VE that can complement security approaches and recommended possible development interventions to support the government in preventing VE and in addressing recruitment and reintegration. The study informed the design of the RMR in Tajikistan with recommendations that are shaping the Bank’s program and the FCV agenda in the country. It is the first such type of engagement in the country and serves as a pilot for similar studies in other Central Asian countries, in particular Kyrgyz Republic. 78 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Albania: GBV Initiative in February $0.05 Roads Connectivity Project 2019 TF0A6774 Armenia: Promoting March $0.47 Youth Inclusion 2016 TF016980 Georgia: Youth Inclusion May $0.48 2016 TF016978 Georgia: Strengthening November $0.48 Capacity for Prevention 2017 and Response to Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV) TF0A1364 EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA Kosovo: Northern Kosovo July $0.07 Engagement 2019 TF0A9063 Kosovo: Social Inclusion and March $4.82 Local Development (SILED) 2014 TF098559 Kosovo: Second Youth June $1.98 Development Project 2014 TF098547 Kosovo: Youth Development January $2.00 Project Additional Financing 2017 TF017534; TF017535 Kyrgyz Republic: Building December $1.40 Capacity for Effective Local 2016 Governance TF018720 Kyrgyz Republic: Social December $2.00 Cohesion through Community- 2017 Driven Development (CDD) TF015803 Western Balkans: Youth in April $0.12 the West Balkans - Promoting 2019 Peace and Security TF0A5305 79 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Central America: October $0.90 Regional Citizen Security 2015 Knowledge Network TF014894 Central America: Youth June 2019 $0.30 Employment and Crime and Violence in Central America - Measuring Soft Skills, Mental Health, Crime, and Violence TF0A1800 Latin America: Dialogue February $0.19 Series on Citizen Security 2016 in LAC TF014850 Latin America: Responding June The grant supported selected host countries of $0.50 to the Venezuelan Migration 2020 Venezuelan refugees and migrants in assessing Crisis at the Regional and the main developmental impacts emerging from National Levels this migration; proposed national frameworks for response; and developed tools to respond in a LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN TF0A8787 coordinated manner at the sub-regional level. The grant produced original datasets on socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, food security, health, labor, and access to services for Venezuelan migrants in Peru and Ecuador, as well as maps of service provision gaps for Venezuelan migrants. The grant also financed rigorous comparative analyses on the economic costs and benefits associated with migration for Ecuador and Peru, and country- specific analyses of host communities’ perceptions of Venezuelan migrants (vis a vis other migrants) in Ecuador, Venezuela and four other hosting countries (Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Panama). The grant informed the dialogue for decision making and collective action at the sub-regional level by generating just-in-time evidence on which to base effective policy design. Argentina: GBV Initiative in September $0.05 Integrated Habitat and 2018 Housing Project TF0A5743 Colombia: Analysis of Impacts August $0.14 of Venezuelan Migration in 2018 Colombia TF0A7785 Colombia: Protection of Land December $5.84 and Patrimony of Internally 2014 Displaced Persons - Phase III TF094596 80 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Colombia: Supporting December The grant effectively impacted the response to $0.13 Institutional Strengthening 2019 the Venezuelan migration, informing key policies and Resilience to Face the and programs by the Government of Colombia. Venezuelan Migration The grant supported preparation and subsequent implementation of a National Policy of Response TF0A9633 (CONPES 3950) for addressing the development needs emerging from the Venezuelan migration. The approval of CONPES 3950 enabled the Government of Colombia to respond to the unprecedented challenges of the migration crisis and position itself as a regional leader in the response. An impact evaluation was conducted of a pilot undertaken by UNICEF to promote integration of Venezuelan and Colombian children through provision of education services in key host communities, and informed the scale-up of the model in other communities through the Ministry of Education and local municipalities. El Salvador: Municipal January $0.63 LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN Citizen Security 2017 TF015978 Guatemala: Municipal January $0.12 Citizen Security 2017 TF015977 Haiti: GBV Initiative in Local June 2018 $0.01 Development Project TF0A5835 Honduras: Regional Program January $0.66 for Municipal Citizen Security 2017 TF016069 Mexico: Reducing Crime and September $0.03 Violence through CBT and 2019 Mindfulness TF0A5840 Nicaragua: GBV Initiative in May $0.05 Health Care Services Project 2019 TF0A7140 Djibouti: Transport February The grant supported activities to support the $0.23 Technical Assistance 2020 Government of Djibouti’s efforts to improve the MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA efficiency and performance of the transport TF0A7726 sec-tor. A Transport Sector White Paper provided a diagnostic of the transport sector including a thorough assessment of the efficiencies of each mode of transport (air, rail, road, and ports) and a benchmarking against similar countries. The Paper also identified factors hindering the competitiveness of the sector and proposed a list of key reforms to increase the sector’s efficiency and improve the enabling environment for private sector participation. A pipeline Public-Private- Partnership road corridor project was identified as an opportunity for further Bank engagement. 81 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Djibouti: Education November This grant financed a study to deepen the under- $0.07 Refugee Needs 2019 standing of the educational needs of refugees, vulnerable children, concerned teachers, and host TF0A8991 communities. The report helped the Government better identify and understand the educational needs of refugees and vulnerable children, which will contribute to developing policies to better absorb these groups into the national public education system. The findings of the study were presented to the Secretary General and Director General of the Ministry of Education for discussion and approval, and were also shared with the Local Education Donor Group in Djibouti (including UNHCR, AfD, UNICEF, USAID, WFP, and JICA). The findings of the study in-formed the design of the Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project (P166059). Iraq: Consultative Service February $4.79 Delivery Program Project 2014 Phase 2 TF010402 Iraq: Action Plan to Mitigate April $0.49 Power Cuts in the Kurdistan 2017 Regional Governorate of MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA Iraq (KRG) TF0A1816 Iraq: Damage and Needs April $0.50 Assessment (DNA) of Recently 2018 Liberated Areas TF0A5815 Iraq: Bringing Back Business August $0.12 2018 TF0A5887 Iraq: Road Maintenance November The grant financed a feasibility assessment of a $0.20 Microenterprises 2019 pilot program using microenterprises to provide road maintenance services. Local communities TF0A7665 were assisted to form microenterprises that were subsequently trained and contracted to carry out basic maintenance activities aimed at preventing damage and slowing down the deterioration of the roads. The analysis confirmed the feasibility and relevance of the microenterprise-based approach to create private sector jobs and improve rural accessibility and the sustainability of road infrastructure. Capacity building work-shops were held with public and private sector counterparts to strengthen their understanding of managerial and contractual issues related to microenterprise-based road maintenance. The grant findings informed the pipeline Iraq Road Maintenance Microenterprises project supported by the Iraq Recovery, Reconstruction and Reform Trust Fund. Jordan: Mitigating the July $0.90 Socioeconomic Impact of 2014 Syrian Displacement TF012844 82 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Jordan: Delivering Legal Aid March $1.83 Services to Displaced Iraqis, 2016 Palestinians, and Poor Jordanians TF010040 Jordan: Enhancing Delivery March $2.54 of Judicial Services to Poor 2019 Jordanians and Refugees in Host Communities TF0A1764; TF0A2524 Lebanon: Mitigating the January $0.89 Socio-economic Impact of 2015 Syrian Displacement (Save the Children Lebanon) TF015288 Lebanon: The Role of December $0.05 Financial Services to Manage 2017 the Syrian Refugee Crisis MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA TF0A1833 Lebanon: The Role of February $0.50 Financial Services to Manage 2019 the Syrian Refugee Crisis TF0A4123 Libya: Transitional March $2.65 Assistance Program 2017 TF011413 Libya: Reconstruction November This grant supported preparations for $1.00 Preparation 2019 re-engagement, building on an earlier SPF grant. In a fragmented and conflict context, the TF0A6185 grant was critical to maintaining a dialogue with stakeholders and gathering data on various sectors in preparation for deeper engagement. A Libya Economic Dialogue brought together stakeholders from many parts of the country to discuss needed reforms and prioritization. Hosting the Dialogue in a third country allowed parties separated by the conflict to come together to discuss reforms for macroeconomic stabilization and recovery from the crisis and to identify common issues. The Dialogue also supported donor coordination and enabled the Bank to gather information on the situation on the ground at a time when the Bank was out of the country. The grant also supported a Risk and Resilience Assessment in collaboration with the UN and EU as well as sector assessments on health and energy that can inform future World Bank engagement in the country. 83 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Libya: Developing a March While the project was initiated at a time when $0.21 Framework for Recovery 2020 the situation in Libya looked more favorable, the and Peacebuilding deterioration of the conflict context in Libya resulted in cancellation of the grant before all the intended TF0A9185 activities could be completed. A mapping study was completed and made a significant contribution to the knowledge base on Libya and redefined the working relationship with the UN and EU. A key lesson learned is that flexible response to a fluid and the evolving circumstances conflict context allowed the team to venture into new areas of engagement such as generating baseline data and analysis to support recovery and peacebuilding and building a platform for information sharing and analysis on recovery and peacebuilding. This ability to adapt to an evolving environment will pave the road for a full RPBA once the situation on the ground permits. Syria: Economic and June $0.65 Social Impact Assessment 2017 of the Conflict TF0A4319 Syria: Damage and April $0.10 Needs Assessment in 2019 MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA the Health Sector TF0A2105 Syria: Recovery and Peace September $0.29 Building Analysis 2018 TF0A6019 Tunisia: Participatory Service March $4.7 Delivery Reintegration 2015 TF011069 West Bank and Gaza: April $3.65 Water Supply and Sanitation 2017 Improvements for West Bethlehem Villages TF010431 West Bank and Gaza: GBV May $0.04 Initiative in Social Protection 2018 Project in Palestine TF0A4519 West Bank and Gaza: December Masar Ibrahim/ Abraham Path: 2018 Economic Development across Fragile Communities TF016302 West Bank and Gaza: April $0.40 Health Sector Global 2019 Knowledge Support TF0A2007 84 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Yemen: Securing Imports of June $0.36 MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA Essential Goods 2018 TF0A4396 Yemen: Pre-DDR Assessment December $0.20 2018 TF0A5648 South Asia: Restoring and March $0.35 Rebuilding Livelihoods 2016 through CDD approaches in Conflict Settings TF014279 Bangladesh: Building an September $0.35 Evidence Base on Short and 2019 Medium-term Consequences of the Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh TF0A7307 Bangladesh: Cox’s Bazar December $0.10 Rapid Impact, Vulnerability and 2018 Needs Assessment TF0A7560 India: GBV Initiative in Mumbai December $0.05 Urban Transport Project 2018 SOUTH ASIA TF0A6629 Nepal: Program for September $3.71 Accountability in 2014 Nepal (PRAN) TF095128; TF098650 Pakistan: Improving October $0.10 SME Entrepreneur 2018 Well-Being, Resilience and Decision-Making TF0A6200 Pakistan: Forced June The grant documented ley lessons learned from $0.30 Displacement Program 2020 Pakistan’s experience in managing a large and complex refugee situation over 40 years, in order TF0A7571 to inform policy dialogue and the design of future refugee and host community programs in Pakistan and the policy and operational approaches in other refugee-hosting countries. The grant provided solid evidence for the preparation of five World Bank projects under the IDA18 Refugee Sub-Window. 85 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Pakistan: Balochistan June The grant financed a social assessment to under- $0.02 Social Assessment 2020 stand issues pertaining to social exclusion, gender, community mobilization, citizen engagement, and TF0B1182 grievance redress among both Afghan refugees and host communities. Interviews were conducted with government officials, representatives from NGOs concerned with health and education services as well as those working for victims of gender-based violence, and representatives of international development agencies. The grant also supported focus group discussions with men and women from host communities and Afghan refugee communities in four districts to assess SOUTH ASIA access to health and education facilities; utilization of the facilities; support systems for victims of GBV, if any; and experiences with citizen engagement mechanisms and dispute resolution mechanisms. The assessment facilitated the Bank’s engagement in the most fragile province in Pakistan and informed the design of inclusive, accessible and transparent citizen engagement and beneficiary feedback and grievance redress mechanisms under the Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project (P166308). Sri Lanka: Strategic Social December $0.10 Assessment of the Conflict 2017 Affected North and East in Sri Lanka TF0A4150 Knowledge Exchange and December $0.30 Support for Community-Driven 2015 Development (CDD) Projects in FCS TF016966 Impact Evaluation in FCS – March $0.35 Towards a New Science 2016 of Delivery TF016089 Assessment of Lessons May $0.17 Learned on Livelihood 2016 Rehabilitation for Refugees and Internally Displaced People TF097336 Reducing Conflicts through January $0.26 Extractive Industry Disclosure 2018 GLOBAL TF0A1928 Strategic Platform for IDA18 June $2.49 Refugee Window 2018 TF0A4629; TF0A5905 Supporting Citizen Monitoring January $1.00 of IDA18 Programs in FCV 2019 Context TF0A5048 Data Desk: Micro-Data in November $0.51 Crisis and Conflict 2018 TF0A5070 Risk and Resilience April $0.25 Assessments (RRA) 2019 Center of Excellence TF0A5487 86 SPF Annual Report 2020 REGION COUNTRY AND START PROJECT RESULTS FOR NEWLY GRANT AMOUNT PROJECT TITLE DATE CLOSED GRANTS (MILLION) Security and Justice Sector December $0.25 Public Expenditure Reviews 2018 TF0A5495 Agriculture Intelligence August $0.25 Observatory 2018 TF0A5833 Dissemination of Pathways for October $0.18 Peace Study 2018 TF0A6159 Famine Early Action July 2019 $0.85 Mechanism TF0A7049 IDA18 Sub-Window Country/ December $1.9 Global Operationalization and 2018 Mid-Term Review TF0A7255; TF0A7753 RPBA Support Facility May $2.00 2019 TF0A4072; TF0A6150 IDA18 Stock take and April The grant documented lessons learned from the $0.32 Consolidation 2020 IDA18 Refugee Sub-Window engagement and informed the IDA18 mid-term review with respect TF0A9477 to policy dialogue, analytics, operations, and partnership with UNHCR. The evidence collected GLOBAL was based on intensive consultations with client governments, operational teams, and partners on the experience of the Refugee Sub-Window (RSW) both in World Bank headquarters and in countries benefiting from RSW support. It further provided recommendations for how the refugee sub-window needs to be adjusted during IDA19 and informed the preparations for the IDA19 Window for Host Communities and Refugees. Preventing School-Based March The grant piloted capacity-building programs $0.25 Violence and Bullying in 2020 for prevention of school-based violence (SBV) in FCV Contexts Dominican Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Nepal. The grant was instrumental TF0A9538 in starting a mainstreaming process within the education sector for strategic interventions to ensure that all girls and boys are safe to learn. Assessments in each country produced evidence on a range of SBV issues including physical, sexual, and emotional violence and bullying among peers and between teachers and students. In the Dominican Republic, capacity building on violence prevention in schools was provided to teachers and Ministry of Education Advisors. In DRC, a qualitative study in Kinshasa and South Kivu was completed to better understand the prevalence and forms of violence in schools that negatively impacted access and learning experiences of girls and boys; the study findings informed the Education Quality Improvement Project to mitigate risk factors for SBV. In Nepal, the work was carried out in collaboration with UNICEF as part of the Safe to Learn Initiative. A SBV prevention e-course was developed to provide an introduction to violence prevention in schools. 87 Disclaimer, Rights, Permissions, Photo Credits © 2021 The World Bank Group All rights reserved. Disclaimer This paper has not undergone the review accorded to official World Bank publications. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Rights & Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because the World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. 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 Web Address: www.worldbank.org/spf The State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF) is a global fund to �nance critical development operations and analysis in situations of fragility, con�ict, and violence. The SPF is kindly supported by Australia, Denmark, France, Germany, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, as well as IBRD.