From Africa Development Indicators 37262 The Little Data Book on Africa Basic indicators Human development National accounts Agriculture and rural development Millennium Development Goals Labor, migration, and population Paris Declaration indicators HIV/AIDS Private sector development Malaria Trade Capable states and partnership Infrastructure Household welfare Copyright ©2006 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing September 2006 ISBN-10: 0­8213­6704­8 ISBN-13: 978-0-8213-6704-9 eISBN: 0-8213-6705-6 DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-6704-9 The Little Data Book on Africa 2006 is a product of the Operational Quality and Knowledge Services Unit and the Office of the Chief Economist for the Africa Region of the World Bank. Editing, design, and layout by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, D.C. Cover design by Grundy & Northedge, London, UK. 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Contents Acknowledgments 5 Introduction 6 Data notes 7 Country tables (in alphabetical order) Algeria 8 Angola 10 Benin 12 Botswana 14 Burkina Faso 16 Burundi 18 Cameroon 20 Cape Verde 22 Central African Republic 24 Chad 26 Comoros 28 Congo, Dem. Rep. 30 Congo, Rep. 32 Côte d'lvoire 34 Djibouti 36 Egypt, Arab Rep. 38 Equatorial Guinea 40 Eritrea 42 Ethiopia 44 Gabon 46 Gambia, The 48 Ghana 50 Guinea 52 Guinea-Bissau 54 Kenya 56 Lesotho 58 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 3 Contents (continued) Country tables (continued) Liberia 60 Libya 62 Madagascar 64 Malawi 66 Mali 68 Mauritania 70 Mauritius 72 Morocco 74 Mozambique 76 Namibia 78 Niger 80 Nigeria 82 Rwanda 84 São Tomé and Principe 86 Senegal 88 Seychelles 90 Sierra Leone 92 Somalia 94 South Africa 96 Sudan 98 Swaziland 100 Tanzania 102 Togo 104 Tunisia 106 Uganda 108 Zambia 110 Zimbabwe 112 Glossary 114 4 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Acknowledgments The Little Data Book on Africa 2006 was produced by the Office of the Chief Economist for the Africa Region and the Operational Quality and Knowledge Services in collaboration with the Development Economics Data Group. It was prepared by a team led by Jorge Arbache and Vildan Verbeek-Demiraydin and comprising Rose Mungai, Christophe Rockmore, and Mehdi Akhlaghi. John Page, Chief Economist for the Africa Region, provided overall guidance and supervision. Communications Development Incorporated provided design, editing, and lay- out, led by Meta de Coquereaumont and Christopher Trott. 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 5 Introduction The Little Data Book on Africa 2006 is a pocket edition of Africa Development Indicators 2006. It is intended as a quick reference for users of the Africa Development Indicators 2006 book and CD-ROM. Together they cover about 1,200 indicators on Africa. The country tables in The Little Data Book 2006 present the latest available data for World Bank member countries. For more information about Africa Development Indicators and The Little Data Book on Africa, please visit our Web site at www.worldbank.org/africa or email us at ADI2006@worldbank.org. To order the Africa Development Indicators 2006 book or CD-ROM, please visit the publications Web site at www.worldbank.org/publications. 6 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Data notes Dollars are current U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified. Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year. Data are for 2004 or 2005, except where otherwise noted. Figures in italics indicate that data are from 2000­03. .. indicates that data are not available. -- is not applicable. 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 7 Algeria Country North data Africa Population (millions) 32.4 150.5 Population growth (%) 1.5 .. GNI per capita ($) 2,270 1,784 Economic density ($/km2) 35,694 48,640 GDP ($ millions) 85,014 279,114 GDP growth (%) 5.2 4.6 GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,992 1,879 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.6 2.5 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 132 99 Current account balance (% of GDP) 13.1 6.2 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 7.4 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 36 16 Total external debt (% of GDP) 26 32 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 46.8 28.1 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 32.4 24.8 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 13.1 14.1 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 81 77 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 20 24 Startup procedures for new business 14 11 Time required to start a business (days) 26 .. Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 52 .. Time required to enforce a contract (days) 407 .. Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 .. Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 504 .. Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 59 .. Average time to clear customs (days) 22 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 51 .. Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. .. Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. .. Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 126 Real interest rate (%) 2 2 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 35 .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 27 .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 45 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 51 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 12 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 13 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 26 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 6.9 .. Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 98 1,930 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,467 1,467 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 41 38 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 31 34 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 109 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 620 2,314 Remittances received ($ millions) 2,460 .. 8 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Country North data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 71 71 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 35 30 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 40 37 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 96 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 140 127 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 10 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 81 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.1 .. AIDS deaths (thousands) 1 .. Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 1.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 94 .. Student­teacher ratio, primary 27 25 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 112 105 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 90 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 99 .. Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 83 .. Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 37 .. Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 92 96 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 80 84 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 82 57 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 99 89 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. .. Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. .. Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 215 .. Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. .. Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. .. Internet users (per 1,000 people) 26 .. Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 313 2,804 Net aid (% of GDP) 0.4 1.2 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 10 19 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 235 2,036 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 91 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 78 677 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) .. .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. .. Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 9 Angola Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 15.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 930 600 Economic density ($/km2) 15,693 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 19,564 528,146 GDP growth (%) 11.1 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 799 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 7.9 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 158 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 4.2 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 0.2 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 37 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 49 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 24.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 9.2 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 4.3 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 17 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 14 11 Time required to start a business (days) 146 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 334 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 1,011 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 656 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 33 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 64 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 26 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.2 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 522 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 70 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 66 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 134 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 853 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 10 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 41 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 154 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 260 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 45 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,700 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 31 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 64 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 2 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 3.7 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 30 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary .. 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 72 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school .. 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 92 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 76 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 70 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 40 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 16 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 56 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 54 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 11 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.6 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,144 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 5.8 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 74 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,015 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­2 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 131 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 317.1 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 11 Benin Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 8.2 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 450 600 Economic density ($/km2) 36,589 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 4,047 528,146 GDP growth (%) 3.1 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 324 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­0.2 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 153 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­8.0 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­3.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 16 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 47 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 5.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.2 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 12.1 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 26 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 8 11 Time required to start a business (days) 32 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 50 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 570 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 270 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 53 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 53 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 2 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.4 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 48 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,147 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 14 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 27 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 92 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 47 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 55 7,339 12 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 55 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient 36 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 90 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 152 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 66 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 850 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 23 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 85 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 7 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 1.8 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 10 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 49 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 52 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 99 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 45 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 71 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 87 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 55 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 79 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 60 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 12 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 58 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 50 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 6 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 38 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 9 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 1 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 12 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 32 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.7 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 378 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 9.3 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 46 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 210 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 168 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 2,868.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 460 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 13 Botswana Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 1.8 726.4 Population growth (%) ­0.1 .. GNI per capita ($) 4,360 600 Economic density ($/km2) 15,834 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 8,974 528,146 GDP growth (%) 4.9 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 3,671 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 5.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 138 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 9.0 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­1.8 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 45 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 6 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 38.2 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 30.6 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 13.2 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 74 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 6 5 Startup procedures for new business 11 11 Time required to start a business (days) 108 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 69 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 154 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 140 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 53 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 30 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 5 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.3 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 5 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 241 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 52 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 50 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 98 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 58 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 39 7,339 14 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 35 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 84 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 116 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 94 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 100 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 13 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 90 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 24.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 18 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.4 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 92 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 26 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 104 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 94 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 102 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 69 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 47 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 100 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 90 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 25 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 57 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 396 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 34 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 6 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 5 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 39 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 0.4 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 22 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 33 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­2 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 8 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) .. .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 15 Burkina Faso Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 12.8 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 350 600 Economic density ($/km2) 17,631 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 4,824 528,146 GDP growth (%) 3.9 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 248 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.6 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 152 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­9.6 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­9.1 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 14 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 41 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 4.8 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.1 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 10.8 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 12 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 12 11 Time required to start a business (days) 45 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 107 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 446 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 270 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 48 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 84 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 2 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 2 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 941 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 11 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 23 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 127 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 21 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 50 7,339 16 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 48 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 46 .. Gini coefficient 40 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 97 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 192 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 38 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,000 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 38 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 78 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 7 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 2.0 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 12 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 29 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 49 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 53 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 31 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 76 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 90 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 80 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 82 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 44 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 5 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 45 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 40 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 0 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 37 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 18 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 4 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 25 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.8 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 610 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 12.6 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 48 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 331 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 278 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,687.3 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 930 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 17 Burundi Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 7.3 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.4 .. GNI per capita ($) 90 600 Economic density ($/km2) 25,862 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 664 528,146 GDP growth (%) 4.8 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 107 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 1.3 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 85 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­7.2 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­19.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 20 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 209 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­8.4 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 13.7 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 2.7 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 12 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business 11 11 Time required to start a business (days) 43 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 94 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 433 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 1 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 140 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 174 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 69 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 174 125 Real interest rate (%) 3 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 3 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,329 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 9 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 35 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 0 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 18 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 44 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 114 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 190 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 25 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,000 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 45 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 75 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 3.3 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 13 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 33 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 51 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 80 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 73 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 82 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 93 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 93 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 90 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 78 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 35 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 47 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 45 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 0 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 12 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 3 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.0 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 351 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 52.8 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 48 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 184 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 166 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,575.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,472 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 19 Cameroon Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 16.0 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.8 .. GNI per capita ($) 810 600 Economic density ($/km2) 33,896 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 15,775 528,146 GDP growth (%) 3.7 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 737 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 1.8 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 134 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­3.4 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­0.8 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 15 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 60 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 18.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.9 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 15.7 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 44 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 5 5 Startup procedures for new business 12 11 Time required to start a business (days) 37 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 93 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 585 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 1,300 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 48 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 56 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 45 125 Real interest rate (%) 5 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.4 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 35 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,728 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 23 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 28 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 96 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 242 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 11 7,339 20 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 46 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 40 .. Gini coefficient 45 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 87 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 149 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 62 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 730 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 18 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 64 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 5.4 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 4.6 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.2 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 63 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 53 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 114 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 87 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 82 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 54 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 84 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 41 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 33 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 63 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 85 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 21 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 103 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 4 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 10 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 20 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.3 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 762 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 4.8 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 47 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 572 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 189 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 245.3 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 2,800 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 21 Cape Verde Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 0.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.3 .. GNI per capita ($) 1,720 600 Economic density ($/km2) 235,265 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 948 528,146 GDP growth (%) 4.4 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,292 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 148 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­6.5 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­7.5 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 22 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 55 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­12.2 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.4 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 11.6 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 66 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 6 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 6.1 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 156 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 34 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 66 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 97 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 39 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 92 7,339 22 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 70 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 27 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 36 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 150 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 69 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.5 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 95 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 27 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 111 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 100 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 79 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 37 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 86 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 73 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 19 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 61 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 281 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 50 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 4.1 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 140 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 14.7 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 282 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 91 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 49 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 602.9 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 23 Central African Republic Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 4.0 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 310 600 Economic density ($/km2) 2,099 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 1,307 528,146 GDP growth (%) 1.3 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 225 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 146 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­3.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­5.5 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 8 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 82 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 13.2 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 4.1 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 12 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business 10 11 Time required to start a business (days) 14 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 69 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 660 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 504 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 61 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 76 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.1 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 1 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,042 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 9 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 14 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 78 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 6 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 24 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 39 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 115 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 193 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 44 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,100 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 24 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 35 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 10.7 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 24 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary .. 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 64 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 59 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school .. 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 89 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 71 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 93 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 61 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 12 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 47 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 8 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 0 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 18 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 2 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.4 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 105 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 8.0 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 26 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 55 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 50 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 649.7 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 25 Chad Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 9.4 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.4 .. GNI per capita ($) 250 600 Economic density ($/km2) 3,421 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 4,307 528,146 GDP growth (%) 29.5 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 261 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 25.2 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 175 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­6.0 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­3.6 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 11 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 39 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 30.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.9 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 15.3 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 15 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 19 11 Time required to start a business (days) 75 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 44 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 526 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 122 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 51 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 72 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 8 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.8 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 18 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 671 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 53 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 64 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 479 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 26 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 44 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 117 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 200 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 14 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,100 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 37 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 56 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 3.5 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 11 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 29 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 69 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 71 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 38 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 58 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 77 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 66 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 40 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 32 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 0 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 30 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 9 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 0 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 14 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 6 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 5 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.9 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 319 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 7.4 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 34 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 162 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 3 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 154 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,665.9 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 260 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 27 Comoros Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 0.6 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.1 .. GNI per capita ($) 560 600 Economic density ($/km2) 165,602 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 369 528,146 GDP growth (%) 1.9 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 378 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­0.2 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 166 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­2.6 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­4.4 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 15 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 83 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­1.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.2 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 4.2 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 35 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 0 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,338 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 16 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 29 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 133 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 1 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 12 7,339 28 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 63 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 52 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 70 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 62 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 480 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 25 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 73 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 50 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 35 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 85 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 84 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 87 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 60 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 90 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 96 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 15 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 38 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 52 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 20 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 26 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 14 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.4 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 25 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 6.6 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 42 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 14 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 11 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 757.4 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 29 Congo, Dem. Rep. Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 55.9 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 110 600 Economic density ($/km2) 2,925 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 6,632 528,146 GDP growth (%) 6.8 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 88 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 135 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­5.8 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­3.8 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 10 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 179 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 3.9 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.8 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 10.0 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 23 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 5 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 155 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 106 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 909 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 312 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 135 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 90 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 18 125 Real interest rate (%) ­4 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.1 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 11 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 767 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 31 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 44 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 135 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 435 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 30 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 44 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 129 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 205 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 61 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 990 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 31 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 64 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 1 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 3.2 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 90 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary .. 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 64 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 70 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school .. 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 91 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 63 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 83 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 29 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 23 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 43 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 37 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 1 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 26 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.8 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,815 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 27.4 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 32 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,164 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 650 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 826.6 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 10,389 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 31 Congo, Rep. Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 3.9 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.0 .. GNI per capita ($) 760 600 Economic density ($/km2) 12,717 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 4,343 528,146 GDP growth (%) 3.6 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 940 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.6 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 119 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 2.6 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 3.6 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 32 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 134 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 51.4 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.2 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 16.6 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 32 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 4 5 Startup procedures for new business 8 11 Time required to start a business (days) 67 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 103 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 560 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 576 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 67 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 80 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 5 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.4 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 806 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 83 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 80 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 172 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 551 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 1 7,339 32 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 52 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 81 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 108 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 510 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 65 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 5.3 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 11 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.2 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 66 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 83 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 89 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 87 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 87 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 56 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 72 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 17 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 2 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 14 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 102 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 9 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.8 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Implementing -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 116 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 2.7 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 30 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 48 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 68 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 47.9 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 2,881 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 33 Côte d'lvoire Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 17.9 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.5 .. GNI per capita ($) 760 600 Economic density ($/km2) 48,663 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 15,475 528,146 GDP growth (%) 1.6 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 574 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.1 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 151 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 1.8 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­2.6 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 18 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 76 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 20.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.8 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 7.1 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 25 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 5 Startup procedures for new business 11 11 Time required to start a business (days) 45 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 369 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 525 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 270 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 47 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 45 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 49 125 Real interest rate (%) 1 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.1 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 109 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,262 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 49 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 45 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 113 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 175 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 148 7,339 34 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 46 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient 45 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 117 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 194 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 68 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 690 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 17 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 49 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 7.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 65 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 43 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 42 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 72 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 61 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 68 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 89 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 40 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 98 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 74 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 23 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 61 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 86 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 23 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 98 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 17 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.5 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 154 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 1.0 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 9 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 196 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) ­43 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 43.6 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 35 Djibouti Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 0.8 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.8 .. GNI per capita ($) 950 600 Economic density ($/km2) 23,848 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 553 528,146 GDP growth (%) 0.7 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 774 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­2.3 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 100 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­7.7 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) .. .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 22 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 47 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­5.3 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.9 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) .. 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 22 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,667 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 48 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 64 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 9 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 36 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 53 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 101 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 126 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 61 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 730 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 60 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 1 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.2 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 34 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 39 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 75 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 84 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 55 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 82 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 67 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 27 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 55 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) .. 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) .. 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.1 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 64 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 12.9 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 82 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 39 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­3 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 27 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,419.4 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 37 Egypt, Arab Rep. Country North data Africa Population (millions) 72.6 150.5 Population growth (%) 1.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 1,250 1,784 Economic density ($/km2) 79,157 48,640 GDP ($ millions) 78,796 279,114 GDP growth (%) 4.2 4.6 GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,615 1,879 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.2 2.5 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 67 99 Current account balance (% of GDP) 4.3 6.2 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­3.1 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 0 16 Total external debt (% of GDP) 38 32 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 16.2 28.1 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 16.6 24.8 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 11.8 14.1 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 87 77 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 29 24 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 34 .. Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 193 .. Time required to enforce a contract (days) 410 .. Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 .. Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 504 .. Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 32 .. Average time to clear customs (days) 10 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 53 .. Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. .. Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. .. Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 126 Real interest rate (%) 3 2 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 66 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 51 .. Courts as major constraint (%) 27 .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 82 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 39 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 27 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 28 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 30 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 99.9 .. Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 1,269 1,930 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 7,554 1,467 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30 38 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30 34 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 124 109 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 252 2,314 Remittances received ($ millions) .. .. 38 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Country North data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 70 71 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 17 .. Gini coefficient 34 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 26 30 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 36 37 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 69 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 84 127 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 9 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 97 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.0 .. AIDS deaths (thousands) 1 .. Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.5 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 95 .. Student­teacher ratio, primary 22 25 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 100 105 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 94 .. Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 77 .. Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 22 .. Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 100 96 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 97 84 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 56 57 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 84 89 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. .. Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. .. Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 235 .. Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 45 .. Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 11 .. Internet users (per 1,000 people) 54 .. Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,458 2,804 Net aid (% of GDP) 1.8 1.2 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 20 19 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,177 2,036 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 20 91 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 261 677 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 31.7 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. .. Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 39 Equatorial Guinea Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 0.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.3 .. GNI per capita ($) 710 600 Economic density ($/km2) 115,330 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 3,235 528,146 GDP growth (%) 10.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 4,101 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 7.5 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 160 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­2.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 23.4 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 34 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 9 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) .. 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 30 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 1 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 83 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 76 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) ­159 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 40 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 43 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 122 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 204 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 65 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 880 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 19 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 51 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.3 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 50 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 30 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 99 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 95 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 82 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 94 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 52 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 45 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 42 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 46 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 60 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 106 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 10 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 30 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 0.9 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 60 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 23 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 7 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 324.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 41 Eritrea Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 4.2 726.4 Population growth (%) 4.3 .. GNI per capita ($) 190 600 Economic density ($/km2) 9,189 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 928 528,146 GDP growth (%) 2.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 174 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­2.3 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 126 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­11.3 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­46.0 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 33 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 73 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­62.9 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 22.8 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 5.3 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 28 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 0 11 Time required to start a business (days) 91 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 91 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 385 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 216 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 66 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 9 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 27 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 65 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 94 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 256 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 184 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 32 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 3 .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) 1 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 31 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 54 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 38 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 5 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 41 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 3.7 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 4 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 217 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 9 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 68 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 72 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 10 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 3 7,339 42 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 54 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 52 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 82 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 28 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 630 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 40 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 84 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 37 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 2.4 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 6 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 44 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 47 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 66 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 73 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 91 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 60 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 72 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 54 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 3 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 34 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 81 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 2 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 14 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 11 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 12 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.5 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 260 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 28.0 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 61 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 178 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­5 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 86 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 668.6 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 43 Ethiopia Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 70.0 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 110 600 Economic density ($/km2) 9,731 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 9,731 528,146 GDP growth (%) 12.3 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 132 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 10.1 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 106 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­5.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­9.4 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 16 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 68 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 4.1 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 21.3 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 12.1 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 28 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business 7 11 Time required to start a business (days) 32 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 56 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 420 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 1 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 52 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 44 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 14 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 41 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 106 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 131 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 9 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 39 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 39 .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) 10 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 74 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 40 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 43 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 5 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 18 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 105 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,253 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 16 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 69 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 101 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 133 7,339 44 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 42 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 44 .. Gini coefficient 30 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 110 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 166 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 6 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 850 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 47 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 71 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 2 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 4.4 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 120 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 51 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 72 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 77 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 73 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 91 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 74 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 81 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 11 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 4 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 19 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 76 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 0 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 8 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 8 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 2 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 17 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.4 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,823 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 18.7 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 26 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,026 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 37 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 760 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,455.9 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 3,275 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 45 Gabon Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 1.4 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.6 .. GNI per capita ($) 4,080 600 Economic density ($/km2) 28,054 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 7,229 528,146 GDP growth (%) 1.4 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 3,860 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­0.2 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 137 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 5.5 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 8.4 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 29 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 57 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 46.4 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 25.4 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 19.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 50 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 5 125 Real interest rate (%) 2 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.4 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,641 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 54 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 46 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 144 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) ­51 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 6 7,339 46 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 54 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 60 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 91 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 86 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 420 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 12 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 55 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 7.9 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 5 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.3 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 66 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 36 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 130 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 96 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 84 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 64 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 95 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 47 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 30 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 37 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 388 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 17 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 1 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 29 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 38 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 0.5 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 28 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 24 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 14 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 16.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 47 Gambia, The Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 1.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.7 .. GNI per capita ($) 280 600 Economic density ($/km2) 40,061 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 401 528,146 GDP growth (%) 5.1 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 327 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.2 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 83 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­11.8 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­10.2 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 21 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 168 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 10.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 28.1 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 13.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 34 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 1,118 125 Real interest rate (%) 10 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.6 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 1 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,123 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 51 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 73 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 89 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 50 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 8 7,339 48 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 56 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 89 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 122 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 55 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 540 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 17 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 90 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 2.4 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 1 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 37 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 79 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 85 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 87 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 60 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 95 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 77 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 46 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 72 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 99 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 33 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.1 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 63 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 15.7 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 43 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 12 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 51 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 217.5 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 90 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 49 Ghana Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 21.7 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.1 .. GNI per capita ($) 380 600 Economic density ($/km2) 37,884 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 8,620 528,146 GDP growth (%) 5.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 275 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.8 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 145 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­6.8 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­1.6 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 26 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 82 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 11.4 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.2 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 16.2 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 42 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 12 11 Time required to start a business (days) 81 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 382 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 200 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 7 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 304 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 45 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 34 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 32 125 Real interest rate (%) 10 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 31 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,458 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 36 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 51 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 116 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 70 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 82 7,339 50 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 57 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 68 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 112 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 47 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 540 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 22 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 83 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 5 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 2.3 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 29 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.2 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 65 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 32 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 81 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 71 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 91 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 76 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 72 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 93 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 68 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 46 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 74 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 82 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 21 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 93 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 14 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 1 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 17 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.9 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Implementing -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,358 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 15.7 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 63 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 897 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 9 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 451 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 357.2 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 3,500 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 51 Guinea Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 9.2 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 410 600 Economic density ($/km2) 15,365 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 3,775 528,146 GDP growth (%) 2.7 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 381 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.5 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 108 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­6.2 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­6.3 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 11 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 94 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 6.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.8 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 7.1 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 26 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 49 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 104 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 306 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 416 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 51 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 48 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 3 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 5.4 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 3 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,468 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 22 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 28 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 98 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 42 7,339 52 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 54 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 101 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 155 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 56 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 740 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 33 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 73 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 1.5 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 7 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 48 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 45 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 79 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 47 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 72 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 89 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 83 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 78 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 38 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 6 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 25 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 54 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 2 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 15 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 5 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.0 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 279 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 7.4 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 30 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 178 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 101 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 276.3 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 800 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 53 Guinea-Bissau Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 1.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.0 .. GNI per capita ($) 160 600 Economic density ($/km2) 9,599 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 270 528,146 GDP growth (%) 2.2 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 134 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­0.8 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 131 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­3.4 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­32.3 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 17 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 283 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­1.7 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 13.2 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) ­6.7 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 18 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 0 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 3 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 4.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 2 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,220 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 36 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 55 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 81 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 23 7,339 54 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 45 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 126 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 203 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 35 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,100 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 25 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 80 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 27 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 44 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 70 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 65 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 93 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 63 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 79 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 49 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 23 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 57 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 8 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 17 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.7 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 76 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 28.2 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 50 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 29 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 48 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 457.6 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 790 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 55 Kenya Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 33.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 480 600 Economic density ($/km2) 28,266 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 16,088 528,146 GDP growth (%) 4.3 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 427 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 113 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­1.4 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­1.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 21 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 42 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 12.6 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.3 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 7.5 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 48 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 12 11 Time required to start a business (days) 54 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 73 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 360 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 372 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 68 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 9 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 28 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 44 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 84 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 81 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 52 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 74 .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 51 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 70 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 68 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 58 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 48 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 23 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 28 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.0 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 143 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,309 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 27 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 101 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 108 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 494 7,339 56 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 48 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 79 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 120 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 42 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,000 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 20 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 73 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 5 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 6.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 140 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 89 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 40 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 111 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 80 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 94 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 90 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 71 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 89 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 46 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 43 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 56 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 48 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 4 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 85 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 33 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 6 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 45 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.6 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 5 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 635 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 3.9 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 19 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 470 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 166 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 166.1 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 57 Lesotho Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 1.8 726.4 Population growth (%) ­0.1 .. GNI per capita ($) 730 600 Economic density ($/km2) 45,052 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 1,367 528,146 GDP growth (%) 3.1 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 543 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.3 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 140 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­4.3 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 3.4 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 45 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 56 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­7.7 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 41.1 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 33.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 36 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 9 11 Time required to start a business (days) 92 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 101 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 285 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 2 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 564 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 38 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 42 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 7 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.9 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 11 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 936 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 79 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 101 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 121 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 53 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 355 7,339 58 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 36 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 80 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 112 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 60 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 550 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 18 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 70 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 23.2 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 23 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 71 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 44 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 131 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 104 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 74 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 49 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 88 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 74 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 32 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 61 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 109 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 24 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.5 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 102 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 7.5 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 57 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 35 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 68 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 385.1 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 59 Liberia Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 3.2 726.4 Population growth (%) 0.6 .. GNI per capita ($) 120 600 Economic density ($/km2) 5,109 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 492 528,146 GDP growth (%) 2.6 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 130 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 117 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­13.3 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­0.3 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 14 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 550 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­0.6 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.3 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 3.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 32 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 16 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 917 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 25 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 87 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 0 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 60 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 42 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 157 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 235 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 51 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 760 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 27 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 42 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 5.9 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 7 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 38 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 99 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 73 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 84 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 56 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 72 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 52 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 7 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 49 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 3 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 0 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 210 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 42.8 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 65 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 162 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 48 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 9,304.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 61 Libya Country North data Africa Population (millions) 5.7 150.5 Population growth (%) 2.0 .. GNI per capita ($) 4,400 1,784 Economic density ($/km2) .. 48,640 GDP ($ millions) .. 279,114 GDP growth (%) .. 4.6 GDP per capita (2000 $) .. 1,879 GDP per capita growth (%) .. 2.5 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) .. 99 Current account balance (% of GDP) .. 6.2 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) .. .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) .. 16 Total external debt (% of GDP) .. 32 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 28.1 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 24.8 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) .. 14.1 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 104 77 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 56 24 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. .. Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. .. Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. .. Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. .. Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. .. Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. .. Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. .. Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. .. Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. .. Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 126 Real interest rate (%) .. 2 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 21.9 .. Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 62 1,930 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 627 1,467 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 38 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 34 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. 109 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. 2,314 Remittances received ($ millions) 10 .. 62 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Country North data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 74 71 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 30 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 20 37 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 97 127 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 99 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.3 .. AIDS deaths (thousands) .. .. Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 1.3 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. .. Student­teacher ratio, primary .. 25 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 112 105 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 103 .. Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 82 .. Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 32 .. Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 72 96 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 68 84 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 96 57 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 97 89 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. .. Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. .. Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 156 .. Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. .. Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. .. Internet users (per 1,000 people) 36 .. Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) .. 2,804 Net aid (% of GDP) .. 1.2 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) .. 19 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) .. 2,036 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) .. 91 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) .. 677 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) .. .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. .. Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 63 Madagascar Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 18.1 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.7 .. GNI per capita ($) 290 600 Economic density ($/km2) 7,504 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 4,364 528,146 GDP growth (%) 5.3 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 229 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.4 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 105 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­10.8 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­13.0 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 12 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 79 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 7.8 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.3 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 11.8 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 38 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 134 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 280 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 400 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 59 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 7 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 59 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 50 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 78 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 54 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 42 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 47 .. Courts as major constraint (%) 35 .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 45 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 38 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 45 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 63 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 41 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 15 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 31 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 30.6 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 9 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 2,380 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 33 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 51 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 135 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 53 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 16 7,339 64 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 56 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient 47 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 76 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 123 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 51 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 550 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 42 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 59 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.5 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 3 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.3 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 45 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 52 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 134 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 70 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school .. 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 86 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 80 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 75 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 34 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 27 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 49 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 48 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 5 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 19 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 5 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.5 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,236 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 28.3 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 68 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 685 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 552 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 964.4 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,900 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 65 Malawi Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 12.6 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 160 600 Economic density ($/km2) 20,226 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 1,903 528,146 GDP growth (%) 7.1 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 154 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 4.8 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 98 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­19.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­20.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 23 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 180 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­9.1 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.3 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 1.8 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 29 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 0 5 Startup procedures for new business 10 11 Time required to start a business (days) 35 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 118 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 277 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 782 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 57 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 21 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 23 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.2 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 193 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,095 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 27 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 52 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 90 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 44 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 1 7,339 66 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 40 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 110 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 175 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 61 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,800 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 22 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 80 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 36 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 14.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 78 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 58 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary .. 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 125 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 76 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 98 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 90 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 86 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 96 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 62 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 42 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 66 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 29 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 1 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 25 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 4 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.4 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 476 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 25.0 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 38 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 308 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 2 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 166 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 252.9 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,000 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 67 Mali Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 13.1 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.0 .. GNI per capita ($) 330 600 Economic density ($/km2) 4,001 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 4,882 528,146 GDP growth (%) 2.2 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 237 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­0.8 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 157 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­4.9 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­6.6 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 16 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 68 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 10.7 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 19.0 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 11.5 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 22 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 42 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 44 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 340 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 270 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 44 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 10 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 66 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 32 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 11 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 51 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 11 125 Real interest rate (%) 6 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 22 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 49 .. Courts as major constraint (%) 17 .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 33 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 22 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 37 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 57 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 24 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 4 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 21 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 5.0 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 42 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 839 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 29 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 34 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 104 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 62 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 154 7,339 68 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 48 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 121 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 219 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 41 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,200 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 33 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 75 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 8 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 1.7 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 11 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 44 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 52 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 64 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 24 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 74 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 86 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 75 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 76 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 35 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 38 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 59 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 37 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 2 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 36 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 9 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 4 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.7 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 567 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 11.6 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 43 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 328 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 241 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,742.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 895 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 69 Mauritania Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 3.0 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.0 .. GNI per capita ($) 530 600 Economic density ($/km2) 1,496 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 1,534 528,146 GDP growth (%) 6.9 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 437 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 118 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­35.5 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­5.2 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 27 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 150 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­18.8 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 21.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 6.0 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 20 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 11 11 Time required to start a business (days) 82 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 49 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 410 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 696 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 76 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 73 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 6 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 9.8 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 3 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 842 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 36 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 79 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 105 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 7 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 2 7,339 70 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 53 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 46 .. Gini coefficient 39 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 78 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 125 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 57 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,000 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 32 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 64 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.7 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 1 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 43 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 45 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 94 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 61 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 96 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 85 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 56 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 63 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 45 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 9 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 64 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 50 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 3 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 135 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 7 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 5 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.2 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 5 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 180 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 11.7 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 60 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 83 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 96 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 437.1 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,100 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 71 Mauritius Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 1.2 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.0 .. GNI per capita ($) 4,640 600 Economic density ($/km2) 2,974,356 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 6,038 528,146 GDP growth (%) 4.4 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 4,223 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.4 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 116 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 1.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­5.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 20 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 38 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 23.6 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.2 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 14.5 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 80 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 17 5 Startup procedures for new business 6 11 Time required to start a business (days) 46 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 210 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 367 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 158 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 38 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 37 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 20.8 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 25 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 3,455 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 57 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 57 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 89 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 35 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 215 7,339 72 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 73 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 14 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 15 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 99 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 24 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 98 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 1.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 100 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 22 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 103 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 95 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 103 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 84 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 46 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 100 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 100 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 99 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 100 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 700 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 146 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 38 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 0.6 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 31 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 15 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) ­2 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 25 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 15.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 73 Morocco Country North data Africa Population (millions) 29.8 150.5 Population growth (%) 3.4 .. GNI per capita ($) 1,570 1,784 Economic density ($/km2) 112,101 48,640 GDP ($ millions) 50,031 279,114 GDP growth (%) 4.2 4.6 GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,349 1,879 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.7 2.5 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 124 99 Current account balance (% of GDP) 2.2 6.2 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­2.3 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 28 16 Total external debt (% of GDP) 35 32 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 18.8 28.1 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 25.0 24.8 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 20.5 14.1 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 47 77 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 11 24 Startup procedures for new business 5 11 Time required to start a business (days) 11 .. Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 82 .. Time required to enforce a contract (days) 240 .. Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 .. Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 690 .. Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 55 .. Average time to clear customs (days) 3 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 60 .. Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. .. Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. .. Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 129 126 Real interest rate (%) 2 2 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 15.4 .. Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 399 1,930 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,507 1,467 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 34 38 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 42 34 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 98 109 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 822 2,314 Remittances received ($ millions) 4,221 .. 74 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Country North data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 70 71 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 38 30 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 43 37 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 63 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 220 127 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 10 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 95 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.1 .. AIDS deaths (thousands) .. .. Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.5 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 75 .. Student­teacher ratio, primary 28 25 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 106 105 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 70 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 88 .. Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 84 .. Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 29 .. Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 99 96 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 56 84 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 31 57 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 83 89 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. .. Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. .. Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 357 .. Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 66 .. Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 29 .. Internet users (per 1,000 people) 117 .. Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 706 2,804 Net aid (% of GDP) 1.4 1.2 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 24 19 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 393 2,036 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 70 91 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 242 677 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 36.0 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. .. Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 75 Mozambique Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 19.4 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 270 600 Economic density ($/km2) 7,540 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 5,912 528,146 GDP growth (%) 7.5 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 276 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 5.4 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 110 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­14.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­12.0 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 13 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 79 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 12.3 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.7 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 11.3 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 11 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 14 11 Time required to start a business (days) 153 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 42 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 580 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 2 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 230 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 51 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 61 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 16 125 Real interest rate (%) ­3 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.6 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 25 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 941 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 32 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 46 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 89 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 245 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 58 7,339 76 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 42 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 104 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 152 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 48 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,000 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 24 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 77 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 4 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 16.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 140 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 29 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 65 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 95 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 82 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 83 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 85 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 76 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 24 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 14 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 51 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 26 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 2 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 27 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 6 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 7 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.5 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,228 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 20.8 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 63 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 728 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 4 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 497 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 2,099.8 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 77 Namibia Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 2.0 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 2,380 600 Economic density ($/km2) 6,938 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 5,712 528,146 GDP growth (%) 6.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 2,035 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 4.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 140 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 10.3 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­5.0 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 30 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 14 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 26.7 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 25.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 17.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 58 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 6 5 Startup procedures for new business 10 11 Time required to start a business (days) 95 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 28 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 270 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 50 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 44 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 27 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 1 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 1.0 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 439 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 47 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 48 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 96 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 246 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 15 7,339 78 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 47 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 47 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 63 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 76 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 300 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 24 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 70 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 19.6 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 17 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.3 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 81 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 28 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 101 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 92 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 105 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 65 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 49 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 98 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 72 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 14 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 66 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 206 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 37 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 179 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 3.1 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 89 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 130 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 16 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 34 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 116.1 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 79 Niger Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 13.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.4 .. GNI per capita ($) 210 600 Economic density ($/km2) 2,410 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 3,053 528,146 GDP growth (%) 0.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 155 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­3.3 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 146 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­8.0 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­8.9 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 11 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 64 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 5.8 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.8 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 6.8 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 8 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 35 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 49 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 330 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 270 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 49 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 90 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 8 125 Real interest rate (%) 6 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 5 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 397 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 16 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 26 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 120 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 18 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 26 7,339 80 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 45 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 152 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 259 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 16 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,600 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 40 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 74 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 6 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 1.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 8 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 25 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 44 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 45 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 37 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 71 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 96 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 73 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 80 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 36 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 4 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 43 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 37 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 0 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 13 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 2 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 37 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.3 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 536 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 17.6 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 40 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 306 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 230 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 3,496.7 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,190 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 81 Nigeria Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 128.7 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 430 600 Economic density ($/km2) 79,113 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 72,053 528,146 GDP growth (%) 6.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 402 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 139 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 4.6 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 7.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 43 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 50 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 39.6 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 22.4 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 13.2 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 35 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 10 5 Startup procedures for new business 10 11 Time required to start a business (days) 43 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 274 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 730 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 1,120 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 27 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 18 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 38 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 1 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) 36 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 97 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.8 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 166 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,057 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 55 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 54 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 125 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 4,409 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 2,273 7,339 82 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 44 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient 44 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 101 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 197 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 35 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 800 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 29 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 35 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 1 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 3.9 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 220 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.3 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 75 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 36 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 99 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 84 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 86 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 47 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 72 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 49 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 30 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 48 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 84 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 28 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 79 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 12 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 2 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 14 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 47 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.1 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Implementing -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 573 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 0.8 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 4 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 314 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 260 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 22.1 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 83 Rwanda Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 8.9 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.4 .. GNI per capita ($) 210 600 Economic density ($/km2) 74,373 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 1,835 528,146 GDP growth (%) 4.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 250 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.5 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 83 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­3.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­12.1 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 14 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 90 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 2.4 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 20.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 12.0 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 14 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 9 11 Time required to start a business (days) 21 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 371 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 310 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 0 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 168 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 54 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 59 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 219 125 Real interest rate (%) 7 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.6 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 15 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 984 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 11 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 31 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 55 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 4 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 10 7,339 84 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 44 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 118 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 203 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 31 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,400 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 24 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 84 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 4 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 3.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 21 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 37 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 62 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 119 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 78 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 100 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 85 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 82 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 92 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 69 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 38 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 56 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 39 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 1 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 18 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 8 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 4 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.5 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 468 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 25.5 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 53 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 217 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 250 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 2,257.4 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,400 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 85 São Tomé and Principe Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 0.2 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.3 .. GNI per capita ($) 390 600 Economic density ($/km2) 59,519 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 57 528,146 GDP growth (%) 3.8 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 354 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 1.4 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 106 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­62.1 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­52.3 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 37 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 634 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­29.0 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 34.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 15.1 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 39 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 9 11 Time required to start a business (days) 192 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 51 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 405 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 6 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 1,008 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 27 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 60 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 4 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 18.2 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) .. 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 2,273 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 44 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 113 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 9 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 1 7,339 86 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 63 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 75 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 118 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 76 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) .. 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 13 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 91 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.5 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 75 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 33 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 131 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 94 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 77 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 32 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 89 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 73 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 20 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 32 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 79 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 131 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.0 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Implementing -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 33 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 58.5 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 218 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 22 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 12 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 542.5 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 200 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 87 Senegal Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 11.4 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.4 .. GNI per capita ($) 630 600 Economic density ($/km2) 40,385 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 7,775 528,146 GDP growth (%) 6.2 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 461 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 148 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­6.5 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­5.5 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 19 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 51 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 9.8 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 23.4 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 12.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 19 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 5 5 Startup procedures for new business 9 11 Time required to start a business (days) 57 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 114 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 485 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 7 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 696 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 45 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 7 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 64 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 10 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 26 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 11 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 53 125 Real interest rate (%) 5 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 31 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 40 .. Courts as major constraint (%) 13 .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 41 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 15 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 51 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 60 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 31 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 16 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 19 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 4.8 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 33 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 975 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 29 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 44 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 102 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 109 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 511 7,339 88 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 56 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 78 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 137 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 58 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 690 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 23 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 57 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 2 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.9 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 5 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 45 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 43 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 76 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 49 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 90 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 84 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 59 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 90 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 54 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 34 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 70 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 69 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 6 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 72 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 42 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.8 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,052 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 13.5 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 92 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 755 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 296 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,166 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 850 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 89 Seychelles Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 0.1 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.0 .. GNI per capita ($) 8,190 600 Economic density ($/km2) 1,528,458 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 703 528,146 GDP growth (%) ­2.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 6,688 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­3.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 126 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 5.3 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­0.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 49 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 87 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 21.4 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 14.7 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 10.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 112 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 1 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 99 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 96 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 30 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 2 7,339 90 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 73 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 14 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) .. 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 99 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 1.5 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 106 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 14 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 113 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 99 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 97 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) .. 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) .. 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 100 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 75 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 100 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) .. 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 842 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 239 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 4 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 10 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 1.5 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 124 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 6 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 3 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 21.0 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 91 Sierra Leone Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 5.3 726.4 Population growth (%) 4.2 .. GNI per capita ($) 210 600 Economic density ($/km2) 15,148 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 1,085 528,146 GDP growth (%) 9.6 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 170 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 5.2 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 120 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) .. ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­13.6 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 12 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 159 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) ­4.9 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 10.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 5.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 26 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business 9 11 Time required to start a business (days) 26 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 58 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 305 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 399 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 164 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 80 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 4.7 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 0 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,223 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 110 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 25 7,339 92 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 41 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 70 .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 165 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 283 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 42 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 2,000 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 27 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 64 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 37 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 79 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 48 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 71 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 94 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 58 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 75 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 46 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 30 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 53 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 27 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 2 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.1 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 360 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 33.2 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 67 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 163 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 196 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 608.6 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 950 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 93 Somalia Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 8.0 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.3 .. GNI per capita ($) .. 600 Economic density ($/km2) .. 22,361 GDP ($ millions) .. 528,146 GDP growth (%) .. 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) .. 541 GDP per capita growth (%) .. 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) .. 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) .. ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) .. .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) .. 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) .. 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) .. 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 18.7 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 1 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 522 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 94 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 47 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 133 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 225 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 25 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,100 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 26 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 40 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) .. 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 .. .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary .. 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school .. 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 95 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 61 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 32 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 27 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 14 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 47 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 88 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 25 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 191 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) .. 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 24 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 139 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 51 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) .. .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 95 South Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 45.5 726.4 Population growth (%) ­0.7 .. GNI per capita ($) 3,630 600 Economic density ($/km2) 176,755 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 214,663 528,146 GDP growth (%) 4.5 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 3,346 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 5.2 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 141 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­3.2 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­1.6 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 24 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 13 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 21.7 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 14.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 90 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 15 5 Startup procedures for new business 9 11 Time required to start a business (days) 38 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 23 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 277 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 350 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 44 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 7 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 52 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 5 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 6 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 7 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 2 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 18 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 16 .. Courts as major constraint (%) 9 .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 21 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 29 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 19 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 15 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 9 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 33 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 36 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 9.5 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 965 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 2,853 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 28 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 132 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) ­1,021 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 521 7,339 96 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 45 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient 58 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 54 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 67 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 230 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 81 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 18.8 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 320 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.8 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 96 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 34 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 105 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 94 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 101 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 82 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 50 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 98 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 73 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 44 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 86 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 473 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 78 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 5 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 4 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 617 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 0.3 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 14 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 460 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 156 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) .. .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 97 Sudan Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 35.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 530 600 Economic density ($/km2) 9,033 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 21,463 528,146 GDP growth (%) 6.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 439 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 4.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 138 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­6.2 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 1.5 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 20 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 90 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 18.7 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 22.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 17.5 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 33 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 6 5 Startup procedures for new business 10 11 Time required to start a business (days) 38 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 915 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 43 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) .. 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 10.7 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 69 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 400 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 13 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 24 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 157 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 1,481 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 1,403 7,339 98 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 57 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 63 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 91 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 87 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 590 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 41 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 59 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 0 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 1.6 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 34 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 .. .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 49 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 29 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 60 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 77 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 88 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 73 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 24 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 78 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 64 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 24 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 50 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 58 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 32 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.6 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 882 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 4.1 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 25 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 745 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 25 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 112 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 280.6 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 99 Swaziland Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 1.1 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.3 .. GNI per capita ($) 1,660 600 Economic density ($/km2) 146,360 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 2,517 528,146 GDP growth (%) 2.1 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,358 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.8 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 166 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) 1.6 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­4.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 28 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 19 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 14.1 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 17.4 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 9.7 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 42 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 4 5 Startup procedures for new business .. 11 Time required to start a business (days) .. 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 3 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 26.0 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 7 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,160 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 100 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 102 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 109 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 65 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 89 7,339 100 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 42 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 108 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 156 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 74 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 370 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 10 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 70 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 33.4 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 16 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.2 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 61 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 31 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 101 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 88 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 96 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 75 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 33 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 87 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 42 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 44 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 78 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 119 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 32 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 117 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 4.6 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 104 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 105 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 12 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 444.2 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 101 Tanzania Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 37.6 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 320 600 Economic density ($/km2) 12,801 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 11,311 528,146 GDP growth (%) 6.7 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 314 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 4.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 96 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­12.2 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­8.5 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 12 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 69 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 8.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.4 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 11.0 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 1 5 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 35 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 61 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 242 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 3 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 248 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 51 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 18 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 69 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 44 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 61 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 18 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 77 125 Real interest rate (%) 8 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 32 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 51 .. Courts as major constraint (%) 20 .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 55 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 26 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 73 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 53 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 59 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 12 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 25 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 3.6 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 7 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,472 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 18 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 106 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 478 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 11 7,339 102 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 46 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 36 .. Gini coefficient 35 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 78 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 126 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 46 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,500 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 94 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 11 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 6.5 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 140 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 57 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 58 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 101 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 78 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school .. 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 91 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 88 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 92 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 62 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 41 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 54 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 27 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 1 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 32 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 9 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 38 .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.9 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,746 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 15.4 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 46 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,029 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 3 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 714 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,753.0 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 3,000 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 103 Togo Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 6.0 726.4 Population growth (%) 2.6 .. GNI per capita ($) 310 600 Economic density ($/km2) 37,893 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 2,061 528,146 GDP growth (%) 3.0 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 244 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 0.4 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 141 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­8.8 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 1.2 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 16 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 88 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 4.5 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 18.0 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 15.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 39 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 4 5 Startup procedures for new business 13 11 Time required to start a business (days) 53 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 212 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 535 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 4 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 270 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 51 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 79 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) 5 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.3 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 17 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,058 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 40 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 56 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 103 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 125 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 149 7,339 104 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 55 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 78 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 140 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 61 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 570 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 70 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 3.2 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 9 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.0 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 66 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 44 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 101 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 74 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 73 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 90 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 52 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 80 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 36 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 15 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 71 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 41 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 2 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 48 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 37 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.5 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 61 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 3.0 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 10 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 52 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 9 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 181.2 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point No -- Reached HIPC completion point No -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 105 Tunisia Country North data Africa Population (millions) 9.9 150.5 Population growth (%) 0.9 .. GNI per capita ($) 2,650 1,784 Economic density ($/km2) 181,059 48,640 GDP ($ millions) 28,129 279,114 GDP growth (%) 6.0 4.6 GDP per capita (2000 $) 2,341 1,879 GDP per capita growth (%) 5.1 2.5 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 121 99 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­2.0 6.2 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­2.7 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 24 16 Total external debt (% of GDP) 66 32 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 21.5 28.1 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 24.8 24.8 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) .. 14.1 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 77 77 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 26 24 Startup procedures for new business 9 11 Time required to start a business (days) 14 .. Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 57 .. Time required to enforce a contract (days) 27 .. Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 0 .. Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 112 .. Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 53 .. Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 54 .. Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. .. Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. .. Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 122 126 Real interest rate (%) .. 2 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 8.0 .. Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 102 1,930 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,355 1,467 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 47 38 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 54 34 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 103 109 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 620 2,314 Remittances received ($ millions) 1,432 .. 106 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Country North data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 73 71 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient 40 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 30 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 25 37 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 90 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 120 127 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 4 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 95 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 0.1 .. AIDS deaths (thousands) 0 .. Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 1.3 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 97 .. Student­teacher ratio, primary 22 25 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 111 105 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 94 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 102 .. Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 78 .. Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 30 .. Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 94 96 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 60 84 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 62 57 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 90 89 Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. .. Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. .. Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 480 .. Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. .. Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. .. Internet users (per 1,000 people) 84 .. Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating .. -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 5 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 328 2,804 Net aid (% of GDP) 1.2 1.2 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 33 19 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 231 2,036 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 1 91 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 96 677 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 41.3 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. .. Reached HIPC decision point -- -- Reached HIPC completion point -- -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 107 Uganda Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 27.8 726.4 Population growth (%) 3.5 .. GNI per capita ($) 250 600 Economic density ($/km2) 34,613 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 6,822 528,146 GDP growth (%) 5.6 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 262 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 2.0 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 93 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­12.0 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­10.8 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 13 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 71 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 9.1 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 22.5 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 16.9 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 19 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 3 5 Startup procedures for new business 17 11 Time required to start a business (days) 36 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 48 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 209 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 7 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 237 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 43 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 13 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 26 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 71 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 25 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 53 125 Real interest rate (%) 19 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 28 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 38 .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 30 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 27 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 48 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 53 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 45 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 11 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 31 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 0.1 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 9 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,695 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 15 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 30 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 88 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 202 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) 306 7,339 108 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 49 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 38 .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 80 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 138 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 39 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 880 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 23 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 91 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 0 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 6.7 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 91 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 57 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 50 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 125 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 77 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 97 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 88 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 81 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 87 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 52 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 39 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 53 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 44 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 2 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 44 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 15 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 1 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 7 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.9 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 2 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,159 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 17.0 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 42 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 683 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 2 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 475 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 856.5 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,950 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 109 Zambia Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 11.5 726.4 Population growth (%) 1.6 .. GNI per capita ($) 400 600 Economic density ($/km2) 7,295 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 5,423 528,146 GDP growth (%) 5.4 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 339 541 GDP per capita growth (%) 3.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 139 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­10.7 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­8.4 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 18 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 134 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 18.2 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 26.0 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 15.4 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 26 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 2 5 Startup procedures for new business 6 11 Time required to start a business (days) 36 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) 77 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 274 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 10 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 132 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 39 58 Average time to clear customs (days) 5 .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 10 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 142 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 30 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 55 .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) ­2 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 57 .. Corruption as major constraint (%) 46 .. Courts as major constraint (%) 39 .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 36 .. Crime as major constraint (%) 49 .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) 58 .. Finance as major constraint (%) 68 .. Electricity as major constraint (%) 40 .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 17 .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) 36 .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.9 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 65 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,595 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 38 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 48 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 86 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 239 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 110 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 38 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient 42 .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 102 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 182 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 43 .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 750 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 23 .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 84 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 7 .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 17.0 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 98 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 0.1 .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 66 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 49 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 99 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) 69 .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 93 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 91 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 68 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 90 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 36 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 32 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 68 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 45 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 3 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 34 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 10 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 0 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 20 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 3.3 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 3 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 1,081 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 19.9 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 94 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 745 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 3 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 33 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 575.4 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 3,900 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 111 Zimbabwe Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Population (millions) 12.9 726.4 Population growth (%) 0.6 .. GNI per capita ($) 620 600 Economic density ($/km2) 12,139 22,361 GDP ($ millions) 4,696 528,146 GDP growth (%) ­4.2 5.1 GDP per capita (2000 $) 457 541 GDP per capita growth (%) ­4.7 2.9 GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 79 134 Current account balance (% of GDP) ­8.9 ­2.4 Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) ­7.1 .. Central government revenue (% of GDP) 34 24 Total external debt (% of GDP) 102 45 Drivers of growth Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 4.8 21.9 Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 12.8 18.9 Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 13.4 13.3 Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 36 29 Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 4 5 Startup procedures for new business 10 11 Time required to start a business (days) 96 64 Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. .. Time required to register a property (days) .. 118 Time required to enforce a contract (days) 350 439 Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 5 Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 216 394 Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 49 58 Average time to clear customs (days) .. .. Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 24 53 Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52 Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51 Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. .. Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. .. Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. .. Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125 Real interest rate (%) ­43 4 Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. .. Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. .. Corruption as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts as major constraint (%) .. .. Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. .. Crime as major constraint (%) .. .. Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. .. Finance as major constraint (%) .. .. Electricity as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. .. Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. .. Irrigated land (% of cropland) 5.2 3.6 Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 110 2,344 Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. .. Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 558 1,095 Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 43 35 Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 56 40 Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 93 121 Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 9 10,117 Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339 112 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Sub- Country Saharan data Africa Participating in growth Life expectancy at birth (years) 37 46 Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. .. Gini coefficient .. .. Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 79 100 Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 129 168 Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. .. Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,100 874 Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. .. Child immunization, measles (% ages 12­23 mos.) 80 .. Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. .. HIV prevalence (% ages 15­49) 20.1 6.1 AIDS deaths (thousands) 180 2,000 Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 .. .. Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 80 62 Student­teacher ratio, primary 39 46 Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 96 92 Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15­24) .. .. Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 96 84 Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15­64) 85 86 Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15­64) 65 63 Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 100 82 Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 74 45 Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 51 26 Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 69 55 Access to electricity (% of urban population) 87 51 Access to electricity (% of rural population) 8 6 Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 55 84 Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12 Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1 Internet users (per 1,000 people) 63 19 Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. .. Capable states CPIA 2005 overall rating 1.8 -- Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. -- Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 -- Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 -- Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 -- Partnership Net aid ($ millions) 186 23,871 Net aid (% of GDP) 4.0 4.5 Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 14 33 Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 165 15,331 Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 94 Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 21 8,446 Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 72.6 .. Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282 Reached HIPC decision point Yes -- Reached HIPC completion point Yes -- 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 113 Glossary Access to electricity is the percentage of the urban or rural population living in households with access to electricity as a proportion of the total urban or rural population. (Household survey data, supplemented by World Bank Project Appraisal Documents) AIDS deaths are the estimated number of adults and children that have died in a specific year based on the modeling of HIV surveillance data using standard and appropriate tools. (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/ AIDS' 2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic) Average time to clear customs is the number of days to clear an imported good through customs. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank. org/EnterpriseSurveys/) Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns. (United Nations Children's Fund's State of the World's Children 2006) Central government revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions, and other revenue such as fines, fees, rent, and other income from prop- erty sales as a proportion of total gross domestic product (GDP). Grants are also considered revenue but are excluded here. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Cereal crop yield includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Child immunization, measles, is the percentage of children ages 12­23 months at the time of survey who received a dose of measles vaccine by 12 months or at any time before the interview date. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Child malnutrition, underweight, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0­59 months. The reference population, adopted by the World Health Organization in 1983, is based on children from the United States, who are assumed to be well nourished. (World Health Organization's Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition, www.who.int/netgrowthdb/) Children sleeping under treated bednets are the percentage of children under age 5 who slept under an insecticide-treated bednet to prevent malaria. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Control of corruption measures the extent of corruption, conventionally defined as the exercise of public power for private gain. It is based on scores of variables from polls of experts and surveys.These scores are divided into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates of ­2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996­2004) Corruption as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who ranked corruption as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/) 114 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Corruption Perceptions Index score is a country's score on Transparency International 's annual Corruption Perceptions Index, which ranks more than 150 countries in terms of perceived levels of corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion surveys of business people and country analysts. (www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi) Cost of phone call to the US is the cost of a three-minute peak rate call from the country to the United States. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Cost to start a business is the cost to register a business as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) per capita. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru.worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/) Country implementing or endorsed the Extractive Industrial Transparency Initiative (EITI) shows whether a country is implementing or has endorsed the EITI, a multistakeholder approach that includes civil society, companies and government and that requires a work plan with time line and budget to ensure sustainability, independent audit of payments and disclosure of revenues, publication of results in a publicly accessible manner, and that the approach covers all companies and government agencies. (www. eitransparency.org/) Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) 2005 overall rating assesses the quality of a country's current policy and institutional frame- work. Quality refers to how conducive that framework is to fostering sus- tainable, poverty-reducing growth and the effective use of development assistance. The CPIA is conducted annually for all International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and International Development Association borrowers. Table 13.4 of Africa Development Indicators 2006 reports CPIA ratings only for Sub-Saharan African countries. Ratings are based on a set of 16 criteria, grouped into four clusters: economic man- agement, structural policies, policies for social inclusion and equity, and public sector management and institutions. These criteria seek to capture the key factors that foster pro-poor growth and poverty alleviation, without overly burdening the evaluation process. Country scores reflect a variety of indicators and judgments for each criterion that are based on country knowledge, analytical work, policy dialogue, work done by partners, and relevant publicly available information. The rating scale for each criterion varies from a low of 1 to a high of 6. The ratings are the main indicators of the likely effectiveness of current aid. Improvements in policies and institutions during the course of a year are reflected in the subsequent year's performance ratings. (World Bank Country Policy and Institutional Assessment) Courts as major constraint are the percentage of senior managers who ranked courts and dispute resolution systems as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/ EnterpriseSurveys/) Courts and property rights as major constraint are the percentage of senior managers who do not agree with the statement: "I am confident that the judicial system will enforce my contractual and property rights in busi- ness disputes." (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank. org/EnterpriseSurveys/) Crime as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who ranked crime, theft, and disorder as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/ 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 115 Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net income, and net current transfers. (International Monetary Fund's Balance of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files; World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development estimates of gross domestic product) Debt relief committed under Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Initiative is the amount of debt service relief, calculated at the decision point, that will allow the country to achieve debt sustainability at the completion point. (World Bank) Domestic credit to private sector is financial resources provided to the private sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enter- prises. (International Monetary Fund's International Financial Statistics and data files; World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development gross domestic product estimates; World Bank's World Development Indicators) Economic density is the total land area divided by gross domestic product (GDP) at market prices in current U.S. dollars. Land area refers to the land surface area of a country, excluding inland waters. GDP at market prices in current U.S. dollars is based on the GDP at market prices in local currency units, which is converted to dollars at the official exchange rate. If the official exchange rate is significantly different from the prevailing market rate or shows extreme volatility, the local currency is converted into U.S. dollars by using an alternative conversion factor. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Electrical outages are the average number of days per year that firms expe- rienced power outages or surges from the public grid. Electricity as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who ranked electricity as a major or severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/) Exports of goods and services are merchandise exports divided by gross domestic product (GDP) in current U.S. dollars. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Fertilizer use is the aggregate of nitrogenous, phosphate, and potash fertilizers. (Food and Agriculture Organization's Fertilizer Yearbook) Finance as major constraint is the average of the percentage of senior man- agers who ranked access to finance or cost of finance as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank. org/EnterpriseSurveys/) Fiscal balance is revenue (including grants) minus expense, minus net acquisition of nonfinancial assets. In the International Monetary Fund's Government Finance Statistics Manual 1986 nonfinancial assets were included under revenue and expenditure in gross terms. This cash surplus or deficit is closest to the earlier overall budget balance (still missing is lending minus repayments, which are now a financing item under net acquisition of financial assets). (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Foreign direct investment, net inflows, is the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) 116 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Gini coefficient is the most commonly used measure of inequality. The coef- ficient varies between 0, which reflects complete equality and 1, which indi- cates complete inequality (one person has all the income or consumption, all others have none). (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Government effectiveness measures the quality of public service provision, the quality of the bureaucracy, the competence of civil servants, the inde- pendence of the civil service from political pressures, and the credibility of the government's commitment to policies. These scores are divided into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates of ­2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996­2004) Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total output of goods and services for final use produced by residents and nonresidents, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of "manmade" assets or depletion and degra- dation of natural resources. GDP data are at market prices (also known as purchaser values) and have been converted to U.S. dollars using constant (2000) exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange rate does not effectively reflect the rate applied to actual foreign exchange transactions, an alternative currency conversion factor has been used. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross domestic product (GDP) growth is the average annual growth rates calculated from GDP at constant 2000 prices. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross domestic product (GDP) implicit price deflator is the one-year rate of price change in the economy as a whole (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is calculated by dividing GDP by the corresponding midyear population. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth is calculated using GDP per capita. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross domestic savings is calculated by deducting total consumption from gross domestic product (GDP) in current prices. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross fixed capital formation, formerly gross domestic fixed investment, includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, rail- ways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993 System of National Accounts, net acquisitions of valuables are also consid- ered capital formation. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross national income (GNI) per capita is GNI divided by midyear population. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross primary enrollment, total, is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to primary level of education. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 117 Gross secondary enrollment, total, is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to secondary level of education. Secondary education completes the provi- sion of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Gross tertiary enrollment, total, is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to tertiary level of education. Tertiary education, whether or not to an advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary level. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) HIV prevalence is the percentage of people with HIV infection among all people ages 15­49. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Households with own telephone are the percentage of urban or rural households possessing a telephone as a proportion of the total number of urban or rural households. (Demographic and Health Surveys) Imports of goods and services are merchandise imports divided by gross domestic product (GDP) in current U.S. dollars. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Improved sanitation is the percentage of the urban or rural population as a proportion of the total urban or rural population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connec- tion. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Improved water source is the percentage of the urban or rural population as a proportion of the total urban or rural population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a house- hold connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, or rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within 1 kilo- meter of the dwelling. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Internet users are people with access to the worldwide network, per 1,000 people. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Irrigated land is areas equipped to provide water to the crops. These include areas equipped for full and partial control irrigation, spate irrigation areas, and equipped wetland or inland valley bottoms. (Food and Agriculture Organization's Production Yearbook and data files) Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the male or female popula- tion ages 15­64 that is economically active as a proportion of the total male or female population who supply labor for the production of goods and services during a specified period. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Labor regulation as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who ranked labor regulations as a major or severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/) 118 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Labor skills as major constraint are the percentage of senior managers who ranked skills of available workers as a major or severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/) Life expectancy at birth is the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to remain the same throughout its life. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die from pregnancy- related causes during pregnancy and childbirth per 100,000 live births. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Net aid ($ millions) is net aid from members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's Development Assistance Committee (DAC), non-DAC bilateral donors, and multilateral donors. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Net aid (% of central government expenditure) is nominal total net aid divided by central government expenditure. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Net aid (% of GDP) is calculated by dividing nominal total net aid from all donors by gross domestic product (GDP), which reflects current prices and exchange rates. For a given level of aid flows, devaluation of a recipient's currency may inflate the ratios shown in the table. Thus, trends for a given country and comparisons across countries that have implemented differ- ent exchange rate policies should be interpreted carefully. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Net aid from Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donors is net aid from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's DAC donors and comprises grants and loans. Ireland and New Zealand are excluded from this compilation because their aid to Africa is negligible. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Net aid from multilateral donors is net aid from multilateral sources, such as the African Development Fund, the European Development Fund for the Commission of the European Communities, the International Development Association, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, Arab and OPEC financed multilateral agencies, and UN programs and agencies. Aid flows from the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) Trust Fund and Structural Adjustment Facility are also included. UN programs and agencies include the United Nations Technical Assistance Programme, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, the United Nations Children's Fund, and the World Food Programme. Arab and OPEC financed multilateral agencies include the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa, the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, the Islamic Development Bank, the OPEC Fund for International Development, the Arab Authority for Agricultural Investment and Development, the Arab Fund for Technical Assistance to African and Arab Countries, and the Islamic Solidarity Fund. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors is net aid from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the former Council for Mutual Economic Assistance countries, and China (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development data). (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Net aid per capita from all donors is calculated by dividing nominal total net aid by midyear population. These ratios offer some indication of the importance of aid flows in sustaining per capita income and consumption levels, although exchange rates, aid flows, and other factors vary across countries and over time. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 119 Physicians per 1,000 people are the number of physicians, including general- ists and specialists, per 1,000 people. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Policy uncertainty as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who ranked economic and regulatory policy uncertainty as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank. org/EnterpriseSurveys/) Political stability measures perceptions of the likelihood that the government in power will be destabilized or overthrown by possibly unconstitutional or violent means, including domestic violence and terrorism. These scores are divided into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates of ­2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996­2004) Population is World Bank estimates, usually projected from the most recent population censuses or surveys (mostly from 1980­2004). Refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum are generally considered to be part of the population of their country of origin. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Population growth is the one-year rate of growth in total population. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line is the percentage of the population living below the national poverty line. National estimates are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Primary completion rate, total, is the percentage of students completing the last year of primary school. It is calculated as the total number of students in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Private sector capital formation is gross fixed capital formation for the private sector. Gross fixed capital formation consists of gross domestic fixed capital formation plus net changes in the level of inventories, divided by gross domestic product (GDP), which is obtained by converting national currency GDP series in current prices to U.S. dollars at official annual exchange rates. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Protecting investors disclosure index measures the degree to which inves- tors are protected through disclosure of ownership and financial infor- mation. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru.worldbank. org/DoingBusiness/) Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school is the ratio of female to male gross enrollment rate in primary and secondary school. (United Nations Educational Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for Statistics) Ratio of paved to total roads is the length of paved roads, which are surfaced with crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized agents, with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a percentage of the length of all the country's roads. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Reached Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) decision point shows whether a HIPC with an established track record of good performance under adjustment programs supported by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank' HIPC Debit Initiative has committed to undertaking additional reforms and to developing and implement a poverty reduction strategy. (World Bank) 120 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Reached Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) completion point shows whether a HIPC has successfully completed the key structural reforms agreed on at the decision point, including developing and implementing its poverty reduction strategy and has thus received the bulk of debt relief under the HIPC Debt Initiative without further policy conditions. (World Bank) Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured by the gross domestic product (GDP) deflator. (International Monetary Fund's International Financial Statistics and data files, using World Bank data on the GDP deflator) Regulatory law measures of the incidence of market-unfriendly policies such as price controls or inadequate bank supervision, as well as perceptions of the burdens imposed by excessive regulation in areas such as foreign trade and business development. These scores are dividend into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates of ­2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996­2004) Remittances received comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages and salaries by nonresident workers. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, spe- cifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours. This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru.worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/) Road density is the total length of national road network per 1,000 square kilometers of land area. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Rule of law measures the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society. These include perceptions of the incidence of crime, the effectiveness and predictability of the judiciary, and the enforceability of contracts. These scores are divided into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates of ­2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996­2004) Rural residents within 2 km of an all-season road are the percentage of rural people who live within 2 kilometers of an all-season passable road as a proportion of the total rural population. (Sub-Saharan Africa Transport Policy Program; World Bank) Startup procedures for new business are the number of procedures required to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications to start operations. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru. worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/) Student-teacher ratio, primary, is the number of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their teaching assignment). (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Tax rates as major constraint are the percentage of senior managers who ranked tax rates as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/) Telephone subscribers are the total mainlines per 1,000 inhabitants plus cel- lular subscribers per 1,000 inhabitants. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 121 Terms of trade index measures the relative movement of export and import prices. It is calculated as the ratio of a country's export unit values or prices to its import unit values or prices shows changes over a base year (2000) in the level of export unit values as a percentage of import unit values. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Time for firm to obtain telephone connection is the average actual delay, in days, that firms experience when obtaining a telephone connection, mea- sured from the day the establishment applied to the day they received the service or approval. (World Bank Investment Climate Assessments) Time for firm to obtain electrical connection is the average actual delay, in days, that firms experience when obtaining an electrical connection, measured from the day the establishment applied to the day they received the service or approval. (World Bank Investment Climate Assessments) Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropri- ate cases, payment. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru. worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/) Time required to register a property is the time required to register property is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights to property. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru.worldbank. org/DoingBusiness/) Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of cost, is chosen. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru.world- bank.org/DoingBusiness/) Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare, file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes and social security contributions. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru.worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/) Total external debt is the ratio of total debt (sum of long-term debts in the form of official concessional, official nonconcessional, and private debt plus International Monetary Fund credit and estimates of total short-term debt and interest in arrears on public and publicly guaranteed long-term loans) to gross domestic product (GDP). (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Total tax payable is the total amount of taxes payable by a business (except for labor taxes) after accounting for deductions and exemptions as a per- centage of gross profit. (World Bank's Doing Business project, http://rru. worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/) Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land are the number of wheel and crawler tractors (excluding garden tractors) in use in agriculture at the end of the calendar year specified or during the first quarter of the following year. Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. The prob- ability is expressed as a rate per 1,000. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) 122 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa Voice and accountability measure various aspects of the political process, civil liberties, political and human rights, and the extent to which citizens of a country are able to participate in the selection of governments. These scores are divided into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates of ­2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996­2004) Youth literacy rate, total, is the percentage of people ages 15­24 who can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life. (World Bank's World Development Indicators) 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 123 ISBN 0-8213-6704-8 LGERIA ANGOLA BENIN BOTSWANA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI CAMEROON APE VERDE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CHAD COMOROS DEMOCRATIC EPUBLIC OF CONGO REPUBLIC OF CONGO CÔTE D'IVOIRE DJIBOUTI RAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT EQUATORIAL GUINEA ERITREA ETHIOPIA GABON HE GAMBIA GHANA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU KENYA LESOTHO LIBERIA IBYA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MALI MAURITANIA MAURITIUS MOROCCO OZAMBIQUE NAMIBIA NIGER NIGERIA RWANDA SÃO TOMÉ AND RINCIPE SENEGAL SEYCHELLES SIERRA LEONE SOMALIA SOUTH AFRICA UDAN SWAZILAND TANZANIA TOGO TUNISIA UGANDA ZAMBIA IMBABWE ALGERIA ANGOLA BENIN BOTSWANA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI AMEROON CAPE VERDE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC CHAD COMOROS EMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO REPUBLIC OF CONGO CÔTE D'IVOIRE JIBOUTI ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT EQUATORIAL GUINEA ERITREA THIOPIA GABON THE GAMBIA GHANA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU KENYA ESOTHO LIBERIA LIBYA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MALI MAURITANIA ÃOAURITIUSAND PRINCIPE SENEGAL SEYCHELLES SIERRA LEONE SOMALIA MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE NAMIBIA NIGER NIGERIA RWANDA AMBIAAFRICA OUTHTOMÉ SUDAN SWAZILAND TANZANIA TOGO TUNISIA UGANDA OMOROSCAMEROONALGERIA VERDEOFCENTRAL REPUBLIC OF CONGO CÔTE URUNDIZIMBABWE ANGOLA BENIN BOTSWANA BURKINA FASO 'IVOIRE DJIBOUTI ARAB REPUBLICCONGOEGYPT EQUATORIAL GUINEA DEMOCRATICCAPE AFRICAN REPUBLIC CHAD REPUBLIC RITREA ETHIOPIA GABON THE GAMBIAOFGHANA GUINEA GUINEA-BISSAU ENYA LESOTHO LIBERIA LIBYA MADAGASCAR MALAWI MALI MAURITANIA AURITIUS MOROCCO MOZAMBIQUE NAMIBIA NIGER NIGERIA RWANDA