Crisis Assessment Series GAZA STRIP Photo credit: © Richard Harvey | Dreamstime.com Context I GFDRR’s role n the aftermath of the 2014 Gaza War, a number T of rapid assessments were conducted to assess the situation following the ceasefire announced he Gaza DNA marked the first government request to on August 26, 2014. These included Palestinian Authority-led sectoral assessments, the Multi-Cluster implement the Guide to Developing Disaster Recovery Initial Rapid Assessment (MIRA) and a rapid physical Frameworks (DRF Guide) following a disaster or conflict. In damage assessment carried out using before-and- coordination with support from GFDRR, a multi-sectoral team led after satellite imagery. These assessments formed the basis for designing the Palestinian Authority’s “Gaza the damage assessment and recovery needs process on behalf Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan 2014-2016” of the PA’s international partners for all infrastructure sectors (GERRP), which was used as a tool to raise funds at an (housing, water and sanitation, transport, energy, and municipal international donor’s conference in October 2014. infrastructure). GFDRR also designed and provided guidance to To guide the implementation of these funds, the implement the process to develop Gaza’s recovery framework, Palestinian Authority (PA), with the support of key ensuring a uniform approach across all sectors. donors, requested the Gaza Detailed Needs Assessment (DNA). The DNA aimed to articulate the GERRP and develop a medium- to long-term recovery plan by formulating and prioritizing programming interventions The infrastructure sector accounted for across sectors, and guiding institutional and 64 percent of all estimated damages implementation arrangements. The specific objectives of the DNA were to (i) to validate, the immediate damages of the conflict; (ii) to estimate the expected US$1.4 billion and 60 percent of all estimated losses US$1.7 billion economic losses induced by those damages; and (iii) to develop a detailed strategy for the recovery and reconstruction process, all in order to form the basis on which a need-oriented, but prioritized recovery process, is managed across the various sectors, accounting as much as possible for the critical parameters of the Gaza’s GDP was contracted by longer term vision of reconstruction and livelihoods restoration of Gaza. 15 percent as a result of the conflict Above: Residents stand atop a pedestrian bridge destroyed by Israeli air strikes in the Al Mughraqa area of the Gaza Strip. The bridge crossed an area regularly flooded by Israeli wastewater. Photo credit: rrodrickbeiler/ Thinkstock.com Published April 2016 Crisis Assessment Series GAZA STRIP Key Results ➊ A detailed needs assessment that verified and further articulated damages and economic losses resulting from the conflict. It also presented prioritized needs for recovery across all sectors along with a year-by-year financing plan. ➋ A national consensus-building workshop that brought together all key ministries, agencies, A man combs amid the rubble of the Palestinian National Authority Council of Ministers building. It was one of many Palestinian government buildings destroyed by Israeli air strikes. and international partners to present the Photo credit: © rrodrickbeiler | Dreamstime.com findings and the recovery and reconstruction priorities presented in the DNA. This workshop served to generate buy-in of the DNA findings—mainly cross-sectoral priorities, SUMMARY TABLE OF RECOVERY NEEDS as well as institutional and implementation (US$ M) arrangements. Sector Subsector Recovery needs Housing 930 ➌ The methodologies and processes used in the Energy 238 Gaza DNA to develop the recovery framework Infrastructure Water 156 would go on to inform the development of Transport 54 subsequent recovery frameworks in post- Explosive ordinance disposal 5 crises applications. The application of the DRF Agriculture 297 Guide in the Gaza conflict serves as evidence Non-agriculture productive 301 as to the flexibility of the Guide as a tool Productive Tourism 1 applicable to a number of contexts. ICT 3 Livelihoods and social Livelihoods and social 763 protection protection Health 383 Social Development Education 150 Culture 13 Governance Governance 581 Total 3,875 Day care center, Gaza Strip. Photo credit: Marius Arnesen | Wikimedia The Gaza DNA marked the first application of the joint EU-UN-WB Guide to Developing Disaster Recovery Frameworks, helping the government in planning recovery according to priority and phase of recovery.