EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA DEMOGRAPHICS 81817 WOMEN GENDER AT A GLANCE POPULATION BY AGE, 2010 MEN Source: UN, World Population Prospects. 100+ POLAND 90-94 80-84 70-74 GNI per capita (Atlas Method) US$12,6701 60-64 Population living below US$2.50 1%2 50-54 Most recent... 40-44 Government Gender Action Plan 2013-20153 30-34 Country Gender Assessment 2012, OECD 20-24 Source: 1WDI, 2012. 2EU-SILC, 2010. Estimated as of September, 2013. 10-14 Note: 3Pending. 0-4 EQUALITY IN POLAND, 2000-2011 Source: GenderStats, UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union. WOMEN Female gross EDUCATION secondary MEN 2000* enrollment 100 SHARE OF TERTIARY GRADUATES BY AREA OF STUDY (%), 2010 2011** Source: GenderStats. 50 Education Female labor Humanities and arts Share of women force Health 0 in parliament participation (ages 15-64) Social science, business, and law Agriculture Services 0% 50% 100% Women's monthly wages as a share of men's WOMEN (unadjusted) JOBS MEN *Women’s wages as a share of men’s (2001). **Female gross secondary enrollment (2010); Women’s wages as a share of men’s (2010); Share of women in parliament (2013). LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15-64) , 2000- 2011 Source: GenderStats. 75 GLOBAL INDICES Score Max Rank Year 70 World Economic Forum 65 Global Gender Gap Index 0.7015 1 53/135 2012 60 UNDP 55 Gender Empowerment Measure 0.631 1 38/109 2009 50 OECD 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Social Institutions & Gender Index - 0 - - SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR*(%), 2012 Source: EuroStat. *Sectors include those with over 5% of total employment. Sector share of total employment Human health and social work 6% Education 7% Wholesale and retail trade; repairs 15% Public administration and defence 7% Agriculture, forestry and fishing 12% Manufacturing 19% Transportation and storage 6% Construction 8% 0% 50% 100% LEGAL FRAMEWORK The constitution of Poland guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership and inheritance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are laws re- stricting women from being employed in jobs which are particularly onerous or harmful for health. As of June 17, 2013, changes were introduced to the Labor Code in the area of maternity leave. Women are now entitled to 20 weeks of obligatory maternity leave with an additional 6 weeks with 100% of wages paid. Parents are addition- ally entitled to 26 weeks of paternal leave with 60% of wages paid, which they can share among themselves. The law guarantees pregnant and nursing women workplace protections from dismissal as well as placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave; however, the law does not guarantee rights to a flexible schedule. The law stipulates public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. In 2012, the statutory retirement age was increased to 67 for both men and women. This will be implemented gradually at the rate of 3 months per calendar year. As a result, the retirement age will be 67 for men retiring at the end of 2020 and for women retiring at the end of 2040. There is legislation specifically addressing domestic violence that includes emotional, financial, physical, and sexual abuse. Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013), Labor Code of Poland (2013), Poland Act on Pensions from the Social Insurance Fund (2013). Poland Europe & Central OECD High Income Year* Asia KEY INDICATORS Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 99 98 103 102 105 104 103 103 2010 Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 98 96 100 97 99 99 102 102 2010 Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 58 87 54 66 62 74 65 81 2010 Primary completion rate (% of relevant age group) 96 95 98 99 101 101 100 101 2010 Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 100 99 99 98 99 98 2010 Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 21 35 25 31 32 37 2011 Ratio of female to male secondary enrollment - 99 - 98 - 100 - 99 2010 Life expectancy at birth (years) 73 81 73 80 77 82 76 82 2011 Maternal mortality rates (per 100,000 live births) - 5 - 21 - 19 - 16 2010 Fertility rates (births per woman) - 1.3 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.7 2011 Access to Economic Opportunity Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64) 73 59 77 62 79 62 79 65 2011 Unemployment (% of labor force) 9.0 10.4 8.9 8.7 8.0 7.9 8.0 7.8 2011 Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 23.6 28.9 19.9 20.5 17.2 16.5 18.0 17.0 2011 Self-employed (% of employed men/women) 25 20 22 15 18 13 15 10 2011 Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3 92 69 2010 living in household Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms) - 48 - - - 2009 Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's - 15 - - - 2010 wages, unadjusted) Share of women employed in the non-agricultural sector (% of - 48 - 47 - 46 - 48 2009 total non-agricultural employment) Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 72 68 73 66 86 80 92 87 2011 Agency Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments(%) - 22 - 24 - 25 - 24 2013 Firms with female top managers (%) - 31 - - - 2009 Share of women among ministers (%) - 22 - 19 - 24 - 20 2012 Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife *Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year. Data from GenderStats (downloaded September 10, 2013), UNECE, Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of September 1, 2013), and the central statistics office of Poland. DATA Please note that where possible, data is from harmonized, internationally comparable sources. WANT TO KNOW MORE? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at www.datatopics.worldbank.org/gender