Tamil Nadu Social Inclusion Progress across social groups has been uneven in Tamil Nadu. For the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, poverty remains higher than for other groups. These groups also lag behind others in schooling and access to salaried jobs. Moreover, open defecation is higher among households belonging to these groups. One area where most households in the state face a challenge is access to drinking water, with levels of access being lower than the national average. More poverty among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Tamil Nadu Population below poverty line, (%) 60 Households by Social Group, 2012 (%) All India Tamil 49 50 Nadu Scheduled Tribe 9 1 42 Pace of poverty 40 reduction Scheduled Caste 19 21 Other Backward Caste 43 74 30 27 26 -7% per year General 29 3 20 19 -13% per year 10 10 -13% per year 10 2 -23% per year 0 2005 2012 ■ Scheduled Tribe ■ Scheduled Caste ■ Other Backward Caste ■ General Poverty among Scheduled Castes in Tamil Nadu is lower than in many other states SC population below poverty line, 2012 (%) 60 51 50 47 44 41 40 40 40 39 33 33 30 29 29 24 21 20 19 19 19 19 20 18 18 16 16 16 16 15 15 13 10 10 0 0 0 BH CG MN UP JH MP OD KA GA AI AS HR WB MH DL TN RJ JK GJ SK KL HP NL PJ UK AR AP TR MG MZ Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. 1 June 20, 2017 Tamil Nadu Social Inclusion There is variation in schooling levels by social group in Tamil Nadu Education attainment, 2012 (% adults) Scheduled Tribe 52 20 10 18 Scheduled Caste 29 24 17 30 Other Backward Caste 21 23 16 41 General 6 12 14 68 0 20 40 60 80 100 ■ Illiterate ■ Literate or primary school completed ■ Middle school completed ■ Secondary school or higher completed More casual wage jobs for those belonging to the Scheduled Castes in Tamil Nadu Share of employed, 2012 (%) Scheduled Tribe Scheduled Caste 16 38 48 22 61 14 ■ Casual Wage ■ Salaried Other Backward Caste General ■ Self-employed 17 27 38 36 56 26 2 June 20, 2017 Tamil Nadu Social Inclusion Open defecation is high among the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Tamil Nadu Households practicing open defecation, 2012 (%) 100 80 69 61 62 59 60 48 42 44 40 38 21 20 11 0 All Scheduled Scheduled Other General Tribe Caste Backward Caste ■ Tamil Nadu ■ All India Access to drinking water is lower than the national average for most households in Tamil Nadu Households with drinking water on premises, 2012 (%) 100 79 80 69 60 56 58 47 49 44 40 33 33 27 20 0 All Scheduled Scheduled Other General Tribe Caste Backward Caste ■ Tamil Nadu ■ All India 3 June 20, 2017