Joint UNDP/Worid Bank Energy Sector Management Program Activity Completion Report No. 011/84 Country: Bu1JRIDI Activity: ENERGY ASSESSMENT STATUS RERT JÂNARY 1984 Report of the loint UNDP/WorId Bank Energy Sector Management Program This document has a restricted distribution. Its conterzs may not be disdosed without authorization from the Govemment, the UNDP or the World Bank. Energy Sector Management Program The Joint UNDP/Vorld Bank Energy Sector Management Program i; deslgned to provide a rapid and flexible response to goverrments vt. request assistance in implementing the policy, planning and institutional recommendations of the Energy Assessment Reports produced under another Joint UNDP/World Bank Program, or in carrying out prefeasibility studies for energy investments identified in these reports. The Energy Sector Management Program can provide the following types of assistance for countries which have had assessments: o assistance to improve a government's abiiity to manage its energy sector, for example by defining staffing and work programs, evaluating management information needs, identifying sources of public and private finance, develoring a medium-term investment plan; o prefeasibility work on priority investment plans, especially those which vill improve the efficiency of energy use, bring about economic fuel substitution, or provide enough affordable energy to rural areas; o specific short-term assistance in institutional and menpower development, both at the sectoral and agency levels. The Program aims to supplement, advance and strengthen the impact of bilateral or multilateral resources already available for technical assistance in the energy sector. **** ** * Funding of the Pzogram The Program is a major international effort and, while the core finance has been provided jointly uy the UNDP and the World Bank, important financial contributions to the Program have been made by the Goverrments of the United Klngdou, the Netherlands, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Australia and New Zealand. BURUNDI ENERGY ASSESSMENT STATUS REPORT JANUARY 1984 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. ...............................*****,** ,* ,,** ******* * 1. II. MAIN 3ECTOR DEVELOPMENTS, May 1981 - August 1983....... 2 III. STATUS OF ENERGY ASSESSMENT RECOMENDATIONS ............ oo IV. ONGOING TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ACTIVITIES............*6 ., 10 V. PRIORITY AREAS FOR FURTHER TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ........ 12 BURUNDI ENERGY ASSESSNENT STATUS REPORT 1/ I. BACKGROUND 1.01 In 1981, a UNDP/World Bank Energy Assessment mission 2/ idantified Burundi's most importaut energy problems to be: (i) the increasing depletion of fuelwood supplies, on which almost all Burundil's population depends for cooking and other basic energy needs, and the resulting increase in erosion in a densely populated country hard pressed W for agricultural land; (ii) the eAtraordinarily high cost of oil imports, which, gîven Burundils landlocked position, amounted to about US$100 per barrel in 1981, and the low reliability of petroleum supply; and (iii) the need to assure medium and long term supplies of electrîc power. The key recommendations made by the assessment to alleviate these problems vere to: (i) improve forestry sector management by t--aining foresters and extension workers; (il) reduce woodfuel demand by introducing more efficient firewood and charcoal cookstoves and charcoal kilns with higher yields; (iii) pursue work to define the availability of peat and identify potential uses for it; (iv) investigate alternative supply arrangements for oil and develop contingency plans for the use of stocks in case of an interruption in supply; and (v) participate in the Ruzizi II regional power project sad establish a strong unit for power planning. 1/ This report was prepared by Nr. C.N. King, based on a visit to Burundi un August 1983. 2/ Burundi: Issues and Options in the Euergy Sector, June 1982. Report of the Joint UNDP/World Bank Energy Assessment Program. -2- II. MAIN SECTOR DEVELOPMENTS, MAY 1981 - AUGUST 1983 2.01 In thei forestry sector, the Forestry Department and the major sid agencies have agreed that the formulation of a consistent national forestry policy is a high priority. When completed, the current survey of woodfuel needs by the SNES (Service National des Etudes et Statis- tiques) should help in designing this policy. Formulation of the policy should take into account basic constraints that could adversely affect its implementation, such as a lack of reliable statistice, a lack of tra;ned personnel ant management expertite, low salary levels for civil servants, and a lack of coordination among government entities and the international doncr community. The lack of trained personnel in particular remains a critical obstacle in all for 'try work, including coordination of ongoing reforestation. As the strengthening of forestry administration is considered essential, the European Development Fund (EDF) is providing technical assistance to restructure the Forestry Department. Efforts to reduce the demand for woodfuels, e.g. through improved cooking stoves, are just beginning, aostly on a limited scale in various locations. However, two larger scale improved stove programs are being launched: the production and dissemination of an improved verslon of the traditional, metal charcoal stove in Bujumbura, under the IDA Urban Development Project (Section III (ii)), and the production of a portable clay stove for dissemination in three rural areas under the IDA Forestry Project (Section III (iii)). In both of these programs, the stoves are to be produced by artisans in their established workshops and the market mechanism is relied on for dissemination. This is a sound approach which has worked in the case of the "Jiko' charcoal stove in Kenya, and the results of îhese programs should be closely monitored. Consumer response to the models put on the market muet be carefully gauged and the programs muse have the capacity and flexibility to modify the design of the current models and/or present a variety of models to meet consumer pre.