/ 14? STUDIES OF ECONOMIES IN TRANSFORMATION I Statistical Handbook States of the Former USSR Country Department III, Europe and Central Asia Region 3 FILE COPY Report No. :11232 Type: (PUB) Tit1e: 9TATISTI9CAL HANDBOOK: STATES 01 Author: WORLD BANK / .t 34 drExt .: O Room : Dept .: /_ ~~~~STUD IES ECONOMSI ES I N TRANSI T ION SEPT L & L I _ i~~~~~~~ /~~~~~~~H WORLD B A-\\N RECENT STUDIES OF ECONOMIES IN TRANSFORMATION PAPERS No. 1 Country Departmnent 111, Europe and Central Asia Region, Food and Agricultural Policy Refonms in the Former USSR: An Agenda for the Transition No. 2 Michalopoulos and Tarr, Trade and Payments Arrangements for States of the Former USSR STUDIES OF ECONOMIES IN TRANSFORMATION PAPER NUMBER 3 Statistical Handbook States of the Former USSR Country Department III Europe and Central Asia Region The World Bank Washington, D.C. Copyright © 1992 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ME WORMD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing September 1992 Papers in the "Studies of Economies in Transformation" series present the results of policy analysis and research on the states of the former USSR. The papers have been prepared by World Bank staff and consultants and issued by the World Bank's Europe and Central Asia Country Department III. Funding for the effort has been provided in part by the Technical Cooperation Program of the World Bank for states of the former USSR. In light of the worldwide interest in the problems and prospects of these countries, dissemination of these findings is encouraged for discussion and comment. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. 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Permission to copy portions for classroom use is granted through the Copyright Clearance Center, 27 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, U.S.A. The complete backlist of publications from the World Bank is shown in the annual Index of Publicaions, which contains an alphabetical title list (with full ordering information) and indexes of subjects, authors, and countries and regions. The latest edition is available free of charge from the Distribution Unit, Office of the Publisher, Department F, The World Bank, 1818 H Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A., or from Publications, The World Bank, 66, avenue d'Iena, 75116 Paris, France. ISSN: 1014-997X Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Statistical handbook: states of the former USSR / Country Department HI. Europe and Central Asia Region; [... under the supervision of Misha V. Belkindas]. p. cm. - (Studies of economies in transofmration; paper no. 3) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8213-2264-8 1. Former Soviet republics-Statistics. L. Belldndas, Misha. II. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Europe and Central Asia Region. Country Dept III. m. Series. HA1444.S72 1992 314.7-dc2O 92-32882 CIP Ackno wledgements The Statistical Handbook has been prepared at the World Bank by the staff of Country Department 111, Europe and Central Asia Region (EC3) under the supervision of Misha V. Belkindas in close collaboration with the International Economics Department (IEC). Principal contributors to the handbook are Rosalinda C. Dacumos, Misha V. Belkindas, and Timothy Heleniak (EC3DR), Boris Blazic-Metzner and Iris Balvany (IECSE). The report was reviewed by John O'Connor (IBRD) and Professor Vladimir G. Treml (Duke University). System support was provided by Reza Farivari, Asieh Kehyari, Aelim Chi, and Oty Harun. General data collection and processing were provided by Gregory Kisunko and Hannah Jude. The review of specific country data was carried out by Victor Gabor, Carlos Hinayon, Barbara Ossowicka, and others too numerous to mention. Logistical support was rendered by Shirlene Coward. The contributors wish to acknowledge the guidance received from Constantine Michalopoulos, advice and comments received from others in the Bank notably Ramesh Chander (DECVP), Mario Blejer, Lars Jeurling, Adil Kanaan, Yukon Huang, Wafik Grais, Kadir Tanju Yurukoglu, Michael Gould, Jonathan Brown, Robert Liebenthal, Daniel Kaufmann, Edward Cook, Sunil Gulati, and John Hansen (EC3). iii t Fore word The breakup of the Soviet Union into fifteen new independent states raised world-wide interest to these economies. As their centrally planned economies evolve into market-oriented economies, the statistical and accounting systems based on Marxist methodology are also in need of reform. The Soviet statistical system differs widely from the statistical systems in the market economies. To accelerate transition to a market-based economy, the former U.S.S.R. countries need to adjust their data collection methodologies, systems and techniques. The compilation of statistical information in a comparable basis vis-a-vis the global environment will greatly facilitate economic analysts and policy makers in evaluating the implementation of their market reforms. Hopefully with improved macroeconomic statistics consistent with market economies, the social and economic impact of policy changes can be formed and assessed without too much difficulty. This statistical handbook is the first attempt to present a coherent set of statistical indicators for the fifteen newly independent states of the former U.S.S.R. If the need for such a statistical compendium is clear, its limitations are also obvious, given the array of methodological and quantitative problems in data processing and availability from national sources. In an effort to come closer to the international practices and standards used in other World Bank publications, the information in this handbook is presented in similar format for all fifteen countries. Since homogeneity and comparability have not been considered as main priority by the regional statistical offices of the former U.S.S.R., official data are not always suited for intertemporal and interregional comparisons. This handbook is an effort by the Bank staff to start presenting data suitable for cross-country and international comparisons. As our knowledge about these economies grows, the coverage of the handbook will become more comprehensive. We intend to publish this statistical handbook annually. Russell J. Cheetham Director Europe and Central Asia Country Department 1/l v t Initials, Acronyms, and Abbreviations BOP balance of payments CG consumer goods C/S Commonwealth of Independent States CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance e(O) life expectancy at birth e(15) life expectancy at age 15 EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development ha hectare GDP gross domestic product GFS government finance statistics GNFS goods and nonfactor services GNP gross national product Goskomstat Gosudarstvennvv komitet Do statistike (State Committee on Statistics: the name of the statistical offices of the former U.S.S.R. and each of the republics) IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development IMF International Monetary Fund vii IMR infant mortality rate Narkhoz Narodnove khozvavstvo (National Economy: the usual title of the large, general statistical yearbooks for the former U.S.S.R. and each of the republics) MPS material product system NMP net material product (a socialist concept of national accounts) NRR net reproduction rate OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development PHRHN Population and Human Resources Department, Population, Health, and Nutrition Division, World Bank q(5) mortality rate before age 5 POL petroleum, oil, and lubricants R & D research and development SFTC Soviet Foreign Trade Classification SNG Sodruzhestvo nezavisimvkh Qosudarstv (Commonwealth of Independent States) SITC Standard International Trade Classification SNA system of national accounts SSSR U.S.S.R.: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Tsifrakh Figures (the usual title of the short, general statistical yearbooks for the former U.S.S.R. and each of the former republics) viii Table of Contents Introduction 1 Comparative Tables 3 International Transaction Tables 19 Country Tables 23 Armenia 25 Azerbaijan 53 Belarus 81 Estonia 109 Georgia 137 Kazakhstan 165 Kyrghyzstan 193 Latvia 221 Lithuania 249 Moldova 277 Russia 305 Tajikistan 333 Turkmenistan 361 Ukraine 389 Uzbekistan 417 Technical Notes 445 Bibliography 455 Annex 459 ix Introduction The primary goal of the statistical system growth. For a more complete discussion of of the former U.S.S.R. was to collect data changes in the statistical system of the to measure plan fulfillment. Keeping track former U.S.S.R. and other historically of economic and social changes was a planned economies, readers are referred to secondary goal. In the shift towards market- part 1 of Historically Planned Economies: A oriented economy, the countries have Guide to the Data (Marer and others, 1992). attempted to restructure their statistical processes to measure new and different Unlike market economies, where economic and social phenomena. The national accounts are compiled in restructuring of the statistical system to accordance with the United Nations' System fullifll new needs takes time. At the present of National Accounts, the former centrally point in time the statistical agencies of the planned economies used (and continue to new countries are in a period of transition. use) a system called material product system They continue to collect data and estimate which covered only productive sectors of indicators using the material product system the economy. Many services, as well as the (MPS), and are starting to introduce the financial sector, were left out of the system of national accounts (SNA) into accounting framework. In addition, the statistical practice. For this reason both old aggregates calculated were net of and new data series that ostensibly measure depreciation. Therefore the information the same thing are included in this presented in this handbook contains GDP handbook. The prime example of this is the estimates prepared by Bank staff, given the inclusion of both net material product non-availability of official estimates. (NMP) and gross domestic product (GDP) accounts measuring overall economic -1 - Statistical Handbook The handbook consists of two parts. In some cases, estimates made by outside The first part presents comparative tables experts were used. In the past the former with cross-country information by topic. U.S.S.R. and each country have issued a The second part presents main statistical general statistical yearbook (Narodnoye indicators by country. khozyaystvo --- v 19--, or National Economy statistical committees and ministries during Data in the comparative tables are World Bank missions to the countries. In oriented toward a cross-country comparison many instances, especially for 1990 and of the main statistical indicators. In addition 1991, World Bank staff estimates were to a basic summary, this section is divided prepared and are shown. of the -- in 19--). into five main topics: Human Resources, In addition, during the late 1980s and early Production, Domestic Absorption, Fiscal 1990s, until it was dissolved at the end of and Monetary Accounts, and External 1991, the U.S.S.R. State Committee on Trade. The international transaction section Statistics (Gosudarstvenny komitet SSSR po covers the former U.S.S.R. balance of statistike, or Goskomstat) issued a number payments and debt situation. of topical statistical handbooks (for example, on industry, agriculture, and labor) from The country tables report data for each which data were taken. of the fifteen countries and include the same set of standard tables, divided into eight In applying for membership in the main sections. Section one covers World Bank (and the IMP), each country of population, employment and labor force the former U.S.S.R. was required to provide including the emerging private sector, and certain types of economic and social section two, national accounts using both indicators. This handbook is a compilation concepts. Section three presents data on of data from the standard country economic external trade by commodity composition, memoranda (CEM) tables adding to it other destination, and by end use categories. sources available to the Bank staff. No Sections four to eight cover public finance attempts were made to assess data or including a breakdown of transfers from and reestimate indicators. to the central all-Union budget, monetary statistics, sectoral information on industry, This is a first attempt by the Bank staff agriculture and data on prices and wages. to compile a comprehensive and comparable The country tables are followed by technical set of data for the fifteen former U.S.S.R. notes, where basic definitions and countries and it is envisioned that this will methodology are discussed. be an annual publication to update and improve whatever data deficiencies exist. The sources used in putting together this handbook are standard Soviet statistical sources listed in the bibliography and new data obtained directly from the state -2- Compara tive Tables 1) Basic Indicators Human Resources 2) Population Growth and Projections 3) Demography and Fertility Production 4) Growth of Production 5) Growth of Net Material Product 6) Structure of Production 7) Structure of Net Material Product 8) Agriculture and Food 9) Commercial Energy Domestic Absorption 10) Growth of Consumption and Investment 11) Structure of Demand 12) Structure of Net Material Product Fiscal and Monetary Accounts 13) General Government Expenditure 14) General Government Revenue 15) Monetary Statistics External Trade 16) Structure of Merchandise Imports by End Use Categories 17) Structure of Merchandise Exports by End Use Categories -3 COMPARATIVE TABLES BASIC INDICATORS Population (rmid-1990, thousands) 3,325 7,149 10,278 1,583 5,462 16,746 4,395 2,686 Area (thou. sq. km.) 30 87 208 45 70 2,717 199 65 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles) 2,915 2,056 3,902 5,039 2,731 2,706 1,893 4,542 GDP per capita growth (percent) 1985-90 .. .. .. 0.5 .. .. 3.2 2.7 1991 .. .. .. .. .. -7.7 -4.8 Average annual rate of inflation (percent) 1985-90 1.6 2.6 .. 6.4 6.6 .. 1.6 2.3 1991 100.3 50.0 92.5 118.9 116.1 83.3 93.6 103.0 Life expectancy at birth (1991) 72.6 71.2 73.3 71.4 72.6 68.7 69.0 71.0 HUMAN RESOURCES Popudaion Growvh and Projectons Average annual growth of population (percent) 1985-90 0.8 1.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.9 0.5 1990-95 0.7 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.6 0.6 1995-00 0.9 1.2 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.0 1.7 0.3 Population (millions) 1990 3.3 7.1 10.3 1.6 5.5 16.7 4.4 2.7 2000 3.6 8.0 10.8 1.7 5.8 18.3 5.2 2.8 2010 4.0 8.9 11.3 1.7 6.1 20.2 6.1 2.9 Population by age group (percent) 0-14 years 1990 30.2 33.1 23.1 22.5 24.1 31.9 38.2 21.8 2010 21.9 23.1 20.2 20.2 20.8 23.2 28.9 19.7 15-64 years 1990 63.0 61.3 64.9 65.6 65.2 61.7 56.2 65.7 2010 68.0 69.1 64.9 64.7 65.4 68.3 65.4 64.5 Demography and Fertlity Crude birth rate (per 1000 population) 1985 25.0 26.6 17.1 .. 18.5 25.1 32.0 1990 20.1 24.6 15.4 15.2 16.3 21.9 29.1 14.4 Crude death rate (per 1000 population) 1985 6.1 6.8 10.1 .. 8.7 8.0 8.1 1990 6.1 6.3 9.8 11.5 8.7 7.7 7.1 11.9 Total fertility rate 1985 2.5 3.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 3.0 4.1 2.0 1990 2.5 2.7 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.8 3.7 2.0 Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births) 1985 22.9 29.6 14.0 15.2 23.4 28.4 34.9 11.7 1990 19.7 25.2 12.4 14.2 18.9 25.0 31.0 10.8 -4- COMPARATIVE TABLES _ :_~*~:3~*as.. BASIC INDICATORS 3,731 4,367 148,255 5,302 3,669 51,860 20,532 Population (mid-1990, thousands) 65 34 17,075 143 488 604 447 Area (thou. sq. km.) 3,561 2,920 4,224 1,341 2,002 3,177 1,579 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles) GDP per capita growth (percent) 2.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1985-90 1991 Average annual rate of inflation (percent) 1.9 3.3 3.2 .. .. 2.5 .. 1985-90 175.9 .. 104.7 .. .. 79.3 .. 1991 Life expectancy 72.5 69.2 71.8 69.4 65.9 72.7 69.2 at birth (1991) HUMAN RESOURCES Populion Growth and Projecions Average annual growth of population (percent) 0.8 0.8 0.6 2.9 2.5 0.4 2.5 1985-90 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.6 2.1 0.4 2.1 1990-95 O.5 0.6 0.4 2.6 1.9 0.3 2.1 1995-00 Population (millions) 3.7 4.4 148.3 5.3 3.7 51.9 20.5 1990 4.0 4.6 155.2 6.9 4.5 53.8 25.2 2000 4.2 5.1 162.2 8.6 5.3 55.3 30.1 2010 Population by age group (percent) 0-14 years 22.6 31.9 23.6 44.7 41.3 21.4 41.6 1990 19.9 23.8 20.0 34.3 29.7 19.9 30.2 2010 15-64 years 66.2 59.6 65.1 51.4 54.7 65.1 54.2 1990 65.4 66.6 65.6 61.7 66.0 63.9 65.3 2010 Demography and Fertility Crude birth rate (per 1000 population) 21.5 16.6 40.0 36.0 15.6 37.4 1985 15.1 18.3 14.7 37.4 33.2 12.7 31.9 1990 Crude death rate (per 1000 population) 10.9 11.3 7.0 8.1 11.6 7.2 1985 10.1 9.2 10.4 6.3 7.4 12.1 6.1 1990 Total fertility rate 2.0 3.1 2.4 5.3 4.6 2.1 4.5 1985 2.0 2.7 2.3 5.0 4.1 2.1 3.9 1990 Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births) 11.2 27.2 19.8 51.3 52.8 14.7 40.1 1985 10.4 19.8 17.2 42.7 53.1 12.9 36.4 1990 -5- COMPARATIVE TABLES * = E . Life expectancy at birth 1985 71.2 69.8 71.4 69.3 71.3 67.1 67.7 69.2 1990 72.2 70.7 73.0 70.8 72.2 68.4 68.6 70.5 Assumed year of reaching net reproduction rate of 1 1995 2000 1990 1990 1990 2000 2015 2030 PRODUCTION Growth of Plroducton GDP 1985-90 .. .. .. 1.2 .. .. 5.1 3.3 1991 .. .. .. -11.0 .. 6.8 -3.6 -8.0 Agriculture 1985-90 .. .. .. -0.2 .. .. 5.5 -1.9 1991 .. .. .. -6.5 .. .. -8.0 -3.9 Industry 1985-90 .. .. .. 0.9 .. .. 5.6 6.0 1991 .. .. .. -13.4 .. .. 0.3 0.0 Construction 1985-90 .. .. .. 1.2 .. .. 4.5 6.6 1991 .. .. .. -18.4 .. .. -6.2 0.0 Transport and conmmunications 1985-90 .. .. .. 5.8 .. .. 4.7 2.7 1991 ... . -3.9 ... 1.7 . Material services 1985-90 .. .. .. 5.3 .. .. 3.0 4.5 1991 .. .. .. -34.9 .. .. -4.3 Nonmaterial services 1985-90 .. .. .. -0.1 .. .. 0.0 2.4 1991 .. .. .. -17.7 .. .. 0.0 Growth of Net Material Produd NMP 1985-90 1.2 .. .. 1.9 -0.9 .. 5.2 4.0 1991 -11.8 -0.4 -3.1 -12.0 -28.1 -11.6 -4.4 -3.8 Agriculture 1985-90 -12.4 .. .. 0.2 -3.3 .. 6.1 -2.3 1991 15.3 -1.0 -7.0 -17.2 -19.2 -14.2 -8.8 -3.6 Industry 1985-90 1.3 .. .. 1.4 -3.9 .. 5.4 6.4 1991 -8.5 8.5 -1.5 -4.1 -23.3 -1.9 0.1 2.3 Construction 1985-90 10.8 .. .. 1.5 0.7 .. 3.6 6.7 1991 -33.2 -5.9 -1.7 -19.6 -24.9 -24.5 -5.9 -17.0 Other 1985-90 2.2 .. .. 5.8 -2.0 .. 3.9 6.3 1991 -13.8 -14.5 -0.9 -23.6 -63.3 -9.5 -3.9 -14.9 Stucture of Producion GDP (current mill. rubles) 1985 8,101 14,098 .. 4,951 .. .. 6,109 10,611 1990 9,692 14,697 40,100 7,977 14,915 45,322 8,320 12,201 Distribution (percent): Agriculture 1985 .. .. .. 20.7 .. .. 29.9 17.7 1990 .. .. .. 15.6 .. .. 33.7 18.3 Industry 1985 .. .. .. 39.0 .. .. 31.1 31.6 1990 .. .. .. 39.6 .. .. 28.2 42.4 -6- COMIPARATIVE TABLES Life expectancy at birth 70.4 67.9 69.3 68.3 64.5 71.3 67.7 19SS 72.0 68.9 71.3 69.1 65.5 72.5 69.1 1990 Assumed year of reaching 2030 2000 199S 2020 2015 1990 2015 net reproduction rate of 1 PRODUCTION Growth of Produedon GDP 3.1 .........1985-90 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ~~~~~~~~~~~1991 Agriculture 0.4 .........1985-90 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ~~~~~~~~~~~1991 Industry 7.9 .........1985-90 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ~~~~~~~~~~1991 Construction 3.4 .........1985-90 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ~~~~~~~~~~1991 Transport and communlications 0.8 .........1985-90 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ~~~~~~~~~~~1991 Mdaterial servi-es 1.2 .........1985-90 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. i~~~~~~~~~~~991 iSonmnaterial services 1.7 .........1985-90 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ~~~~~~~~~~~~1991 Grovwh of Net Materfia Produict N'MP 4.1 3.6 1.S .. .. 1985-90 -lS.l -11.9 -11.0 ... -11.3 ..1991 Agriculture 0.3 0.9 ... .. .1985-90 .. -14.1 ... . -13.4 ..1991 Industry 9.3 6.4 ... .. .1985-90 .. -7.6 ... . -9.2 ..1991 Construction 4.1 5.7 ... .. .1985-90 .. -18.0 ... . -7.0 ..1991 Otber 4.1 0.6 ... .. .1985-90 .. -17.6 ... . -14.5 ..1991 Sftrgture of Productzn GDP (currnt mill. rubles) 9,897 8,576 .. 5,910 .. 128,270 ..1985 13,28-7 12,750 626,300 7,112 7,344 164,761 ..1990 Distribution (percent): Agriculture 25.9 1.. .. .. 985 27.5 .. 16.0 ......1990 Industry 30.3 1.. .. .. 985 31.7 .. 36.4 . .. .19 COMPARATIVE TABLES Construction 1985 .. .. .. 8.0 .. .. 10.5 5.8 1990 .. .. .. 7.1 .. .. 10.1 6.6 Transport and communications 1985 .. .. .. 5.6 .. .. 4.6 6.9 1990 .. .. .. 6.4 .. .. 4.8 8.3 Material services 1985 .. .. .. 7.5 .. .. 8.2 8.4 1990 .. .. .. 8.1 .. .. 7.4 8.5 Non-material services 1985 18.4 .. .. 19.3 .. .. 15.7 14.7 1990 25.0 .. .. 23.1 12.6 .. 15.8 15.8 Struure of Nd Material Product NMP (mill. rubles) 1985 6,144 10,523 .. 3,462 .. .. 4,438 6,350 1990 6,976 10,712 28,017 5,456 10,866 34,961 6,027 8,849 Distribution (percent): Agriculture 1985 18.1 32.8 .. 26.4 .. .. 37.2 25.7 1990 17.3 37.6 29.3 20.3 37.2 39.9 43.1 21.8 Industry 1985 54.6 42.8 .. 46.0 .. .. 36.3 45.0 1990 45.4 34.8 44.0 50.5 35.0 27.6 31.8 51.2 Construction 1985 12.5 12.2 .. 11.2 .. .. 12.8 8.6 1990 J 25.4 11.7 11.8 10.5 11.0 15.3 11.9 8.1 Transport and communications 1985 2.9 3.4 .. 6.1 .. .. 3.5 7.2 1990 4.1 5.2 5.1 7.2 4.9 9.3 3.8 7.5 Other 1985 11.8 8.9 .. 10.4 .. .. 10.2 13.5 1990 7.8 10.8 9.8 11.5 11.9 7.9 9.2 11.3 Agriculture and Food Net value added in agriculture (current mill. rubles) 1985 1,115 3,441 .. 913 3,133 .. 1,649 1,629 1990 1,205 4,014 8,206 1,107 4,046 13,937 2,599 1,931 Net grain trade (mill. metric tons) 1985 1.1 1.2 2.4 0.9 1.4 -2.6 1.3 0.5 1988 1.1 1.9 3.1 1.2 1.3 -4.9 0.9 0.7 1989 0.9 1.4 3.3 1.1 1.7 -2.4 1.1 1.3 Fertilizer Application Rates on Major Crops (kg/ha): Grain 1985 198 179 221 262 203 23 149 260 1988 206 166 267 267 201 24 161 298 Corn 1985 169 200 .. .. 244 355 388 1988 .. 188 .. .. 233 268 366 Cotton 1985 .. 266 .. .. 370 370 586 1988 .. 274 .. .. .. 282 498 Sugarbeets 1985 468 .. 396 .. 455 354 .. 617 1988 414 .. 399 .. 350 335 .. 650 Potatoes 1985 417 305 376 333 383 219 392 347 1988 363 189 328 309 373 142 287 351 -8- COMPARATIVE TABLES _E E _ W_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . Construction 10. .. 1985 10.4 9.1 .. .. .. .. 1990 Transport and communications 5.1 .. .. .. .. 1985 5.9 6.9 .. .. .. .. 1990 Material services 13.9 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1985 10.4 .. 5.5 .. .. .. .. 1990 Non-material services 14.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1985 14.1 .. 26.0 .. .. 16.3 .. 1990 Strcture of Net Material Produt NMP (mill. rubles) 7,513 6,537 352,700 4,433 .. 94,000 20,000 1985 10,000 9,443 444,600 5,261 5,321 118,000 23,402 1990 Distribution (percent): Agriculture 31.0 33.1 14.1 36.7 .. 24.0 35.5 1985 33.4 41.7 19.9 38.3 47.9 30.3 44.0 1990 Industry 32.6 42.1 48.6 35.1 .. 44.3 35.0 1985 34.1 34.4 42.2 28.6 15.7 41.3 23.8 1990 Construction 13.7 8.8 10.5 12.3 .. 10.0 13.0 1985 13.4 9.0 12.7 14.7 17.9 9.7 14.9 1990 Transport and communications 4.9 3.4 6.5 3.4 .. 5.7 5.5 1985 5.9 4.8 6.9 4.2 8.5 6.0 5.7 1990 Other 17.8 12.7 20.4 12.6 .. 21.7 11.0 1985 13.3 10.1 18.3 14.3 10.1 19.4 11.4 1990 Agricdlture and Food Net value added in agriculture (current mill. rubles) 2,322 2,154 49,700 1,625 .. 22,600 7,100 1985 3,330 3,934 88,475 2,015 2,549 35,765 10,300 1990 Net grain trade (mill. metric tons) 1.3 1.1 18.8 1.1 0.8 7.7 3.6 1985 1.0 0.5 21.1 1.1 0.7 -0.5 3.8 1988 1.4 0.7 20.4 1.4 0.7 -0.9 3.9 1989 Fertilizer Application Rates on Major Crops (kg/ha): Grain 188 207 69 79 196 106 141 1985 215 197 88 78 196 133 126 1988 Corn 244 160 411 242 182 491 1985 242 207 444 304 200 486 1988 Cotton 453 327 .. 391 1985 395 460 321 .. 432 1988 Sugarbeets 531 392 426 .. .. 488 .. 1985 530 359 423 .. .. 418 .. 1988 Potatoes 369 159 295 443 177 258 375 1985 344 143 276 343 405 237 408 1988 -9- COMIPARATIVE TABLES Food consumption per capita (kilograms): Meat 1980 47 32 61 82 43 56 38 76 1985 49 35 70 89 47 58 40 85 1990 56 34 73 84 46 70 51 85 Milk and dairy 1980 432 281 369 453 309 275 177 403 1985 433 293 399 489 309 260 182 455 1990 446 292 425 487 289 307 266 454 Eggs (number) 1980 146 134 294 305 135 206 10S 259 1985 148 155 315 296 148 217 124 295 1990 163 143 323 289 140 221 154 259 FishD 1980 4 3 16 25 8 10 6 2 1985 5 5 20 25 9 11 6 24 1990 8 5 20 24 9 10 6 24 Sugar 1980 31 40 43 46 45 38 33 46 1985 29 37 44 45 43 37 32 47 1990 39 36 49 45 39 39 37 48 Vegetable oil 1980 3 2 7 9 5 8 7 9 1985 2 3 8 9 6 10 9 9 1990 3 3 9 7 6 11 11 8 Potatoes 1980 55 25 200 122 46 86 56 128 1985 65 28 185 113 49 89 65 122 1990 58 27 170 103 41 85 69 125 Vegetables 1980 118 72 77 83 79 84 74 72 1985 135 62. 81 79 87 90 98 80 1990 132 67 78 64 82 75 78 69 Bread 1980 140 160 140 96 190 147 149 107 1985 134 158 131 92 190 146 144 104 1990 129 151 126 77 183 146 139 107 CommeKJwd Energy Average annual growth of energy production (percent) 1985-90 .. -1.9 1.4 -0.7 -3.2 1.7 6.2 3.0 1991 ......... 3.3 . Energy inmports as a percentage of merchandise exports, interrepublic trade, 1990 33.6 30.5 36.0 27.7 29.6 48.0 35.7 30.2 Energ,v impozts as a percentage of merchandise exports, foreign trade, 1990 0.0 0.7 1.3 30.5 0.2 0.5 0.0 20.1 DOMESTIC ABSORPIION Growth of Consuwmpafon and Investment (vercert) General government consumption 1985-90 ... . 2.5 ... 7.1 . 1991 ... .. . 2.0 -3.2 . Private consumption 1985-90 ... . 4.7 ... 3.9 . 1991 ... .. . -10.1 -19.3 . Gross domestic inrvestmenlt 19S5-90 ... . 1.9 ... 4.4 . 1991 ... .. . -28.0 -3.0 . -1 0- COMPARATIVE TABLES Food consumption per capita (kilograms): Meat 81 49 62 32 44 61 31 1980 87 54 67 31 41 66 31 1985 84 57 75 29 44 69 31 1990 Milk and dairy 415 265 328 164 174 331 185 1980 409 294 344 152 168 350 180 1985 480 303 386 161 212 373 210 1990 Eggs (number) 253 183 279 79 87 239 90 1980 285 209 299 104 92 276 107 1985 305 203 297 111 101 272 120 1990 Fish 17 14 22 3 5 17 4 1980 18 13 22 3 5 IS 5 1985 19 13 20 4 5 18 5 1990 Sugar 41 47 47 24 26 52 22 1980 43 45 45 25 27 46 22 1985 40 49 47 28 32 53 25 1990 Vegetable oil 6 10 9 10 8 10 10 1980 8 12 10 11 8 10 11 1985 7 14 10 12 8 11 13 1990 Potatoes 150 75 118 35 23 133 29 1980 134 79 109 35 31 139 26 1985 157 69 106 35 26 131 29 1990 Vegetables 78 115 94 95 105 115 116 1980 84 129 98 91 111 124 107 1985 81 112 89 95 123 102 107 1990 Bread 111 177 126 177 165 146 177 1980 107 173 119 178 168 138 177 1985 111 171 119 167 165 141 170 1990 Commercial Energy Average annual growth of energy production (percent -1.2 1.4 1.2 1.5 0.4 4.2 1985-90 .. -12.6 .. . .. .1991 Energy imports as a percentage of merchandise 61.0 40.7 7.9 45.2 7.1 31.8 38.1 exports, interrepublic trade, 1990 Energy imports as a percentage of 0.3 8.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 2.4 0.4 merchandise exports, foreign trade, 1990 DOMESTIC ABSORPTION Growth of Consumption and Investment (percent) General government consumption 1985-90 1991 Private consumption 1985-90 1991 Gross domestic investment 1985-90 1991 -11 - COMPARATIVE TABLES Sructure of Demand Distribution of GDP (percent): General government consumption 1985 ... . 16.2 ... 15.5 9.7 1990 ... . 13.2 .. 8.8 16.5 11.0 Private consumption 1985 ... . 64.1 ... 65.3 45.3 1990 ... . 64.6 .. 53.9 67.0 56.5 Gross domestic investment 1985 .. 20.0 .. 32.9 ... 35.4 30.1 1990 .. 15.4 33.7 30.2 .. 25.8 33.5 33.3 Gross domestic savings 1985 ... . 20.0 ... . 30.1 1990 ... . 22.3 ... . 32.6 Resource balance 1985 ... . -12.9 ... -16.0 0.0 1990 . . -2.0 -7.9 .. -16.7 -16.9 -0.7 S"tmutr of Net Materild Product Distribution of NMP (percent): Private consumption 1985 ... . 79.4 ... 2.9 72.0 1990 69.7 .. 74.2 75.5 76.0 69.9 88.2 67.8 Government conusumption 1985 ... . 12.7 ... 12.2 10.2 1990 9.0 .. 1.8 12.5 11.0 11.5 10.9 11.2 Net accumulation of investment 1985 .. 26.9 ., 25.9 ... 27.2 24.0 1990 32.4 21.2 25.8 25.1 16.1 33.4 24.2 20.0 Losse-s 1985 .. 2.0 .. 1.6 .... 1.1 1990 4.4 3.0 0.9 1.6 1.3 . . 1.5 Net exports 1985 .. 12.4 .. -19.5 .. 6.9 -22.3 -7.3 1990 -15.5 0.9 -2.8 -14.7 -4.4 -21.7 -23.4 -0.6 FISCAL AND MONETARY ACCOUNTS General Government Expenditure Distribution of expenditure (percent): Administration 1990 1.5 1.4 3.6 32.7 1.6 .. 43.1 10.8 1991 2.5 3.7 2.4 15.1 3.6 .. 53.1 0.2 Defense 1990 1991 .. 3.7 . .. Subsidies 1990 ... 29.5 21.0 ... 17.9 32.2 1991 ... . 5.3 ... 15.9 12.6 National economy 1990 53.6 46.0 ... 44.0 52.8 1991 35.8 26.6 40.9 .. 48.5 33.3 Domestic debt service 1990 1991 . . 0.3 . Socioculturul expenditure 1990 41.0 45.9 31.7 11.2 46.1 38.1 .. 16.3 1991 40.1 55.6 27.5 .. 43.5 43.2 .. 87.2 -12- COMPARATIVE TABLES Structure of Demand Distribution of GDP (percent): General government consumption 20.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1985 19.5 .. 22.4 .. .. .. .. 1990 Private consumption 58A .. .. .. .. .. .. 1985 62.5 .. 47.1 .. .. .. .. 1990 Gross domestic investment 32.0 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1985 29.5 .. 32.8 .. .. .. .. 1990 Gross domestic savings 21.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. 1985 18.0 .. 30.7 .. .. .. .. 1990 Resource balance -10.7 ... ......1985 -11.5 .. 0.4 .. .. .. .. 1990 Structure of Net Material Product Distribution of NMP (percent): Private consumption 71.2 .. 57.6 78.5 .. 67.9 75.0 1985 73.1 .. 60.5 87.3 .. 72.8 79.9 1990 Government conusumption 11.2 .. 4.3 9.6 .. 8.8 10.0 1985 10.5 .. 4.9 10.6 .. 9.7 11.1 1990 Net accumulation of investment 24.3 20.2 26.5 29.6 .. 21.0 29.0 1985 23.5 20.0 20.3 16.7 .. 17.9 23.5 1990 Losses 1.5 1.1 1.1 .. .. .. 4.0 1985 1.2 1.5 1.7 .. .. .. 8.1 1990 Net exports -8.3 -4.2 .. .. .. 2.3 -18.0 1985 -8.3 -3.9 .. .. .. -0.3 -22.6 1990 FISCAL AND MONETARY ACCOUNTS General Government Expenditure Distribution of expenditure (percent): Administration 2.9 1.4 .. .. 1.6 .. .. 1990 5.4 1.7 .. 1.6 2.7 .. .. 1991 Defense .. 0.1 .. . .. .1990 2.5 .. .. .. 5.8 .. 1991 Subsidies 28.9 .. .. .. 0.5 38.1 .. 1990 14.0 20.0 .. .. 1.2 38.9 17.0 1991 National economy 49.4 .. .. 43.0 .. 54.4 1990 18.2 .. .. 28.4 .. 35.7 1991 Domestic debt service 1990 1991 Sociocultural expenditure 44.3 38.6 96.7 .. 37.3 23.1 41.6 1990 57.4 50.9 .. 62.5 56.9 33.7 35.4 1991 -13- COMPARATIVE TABLES Otier 1990 3.9 3.8 22.3 26.3 4.6 3.2 .. 32.6 1991 21.6 10.4 28.9 68.1 4.4 17.8... Capital expenditure 1990 .. .. 12.9 8.8 .. .. 15.1 7.4 1991 ... . 11.6 ... 4.0 . Transfers to all union budget 1990 .. 2.9 .. .. 3.7 5.8 23.9 0.7 1991 .. .. .. .. .. 5.6 27.1 Total expenditure including transfers as a percentage of GNP 1990 35.6 31.9 34.4 32.8 32.1 36.8 38.2 42.7 1991 28.5 37.4 40.5 42.4 29.3 42.3 29.9 12.4 Overall surplus/deficit (-) as a percentage of GNP 1990 7.1 1.2 3.5 2.9 1.3 2.8 0.4 1.6 1991 0.6 -52 2.2 6.6 -4.8 -8.6 4.4 23.9 Generd Governmne Revenue Percentage distribution of revenue: Tax revenue 1990 52.4 68.6 79.7 72.7 81.3 64.6 67.9 82.3 1991 74.1 76.4 69.4 95.1 100.0 67.7 49.0 93.1 Profit taxes 1990 11.9 15.6 23.5 19.3 15.6 15.6 13.1 24.5 1991 14.9 21.1 20.8 20.7 25.3 26.0 13.8 19.5 income tax 1990 5.1 5.4 5.9 11.9 8.7 7.5 6.2 10.4 1991 11.6 8.3 7.8 18.0 11.5 11.8 7.0 7.9 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes 1990 35.4 37.4 40.5 36.9 36.4 26.8 36.4 39.3 1991 26.8 46.6 25.1 11.7 36.2 22.6 21.5 27.2 Value-added tax 1990.. .......... 1991 .. .. .. 18.6 .. .. 5.5 Customs duties 1990 *- .. .. 3.2 .. 1991 .. .. 0.7 0.3 .. Social security contributions 1990 .. 9.8 8.5 .. .. 9.8 11.2 8.1 1991 20.8 .. 6.8 23.1 .. .. .. 29.0 Other 1990 .. 0.3 1.3 1.5 20.7 4.8 0.9 1991 .. 0.4 8.1 2.6 27.0 7.2 1.1 9.5 Nontax revenue 1990 32.7 15.9 10.5 18.2 .. 2.4 3.7 9.6 1991 8.8 23.6 14.3 4.9 .. 9.2 15.5 6.9 Grants 1990 .. .. .. .. 18.7 .. 28.3 1991 .. .. .. .. .. .. 35.5 Transfers from all union budget 1990 14.9 15.5 9.8 9.1 .. 33.0 .. 8.2 1991 17.1 .. 16.3 .. .. 23.1 Total revenue including grants and transfers as a percentage of GNP 1990 42.7 33.1 37.9 35.7 33.4 39.6 38.6 44.2 1991 29.1 32.1 42.8 49.0 24.5 33.7 34.3 36.3 -14- COMPARATIVE TABLES Other 3.1 9.9 3.3 .. 1.2 10.4 4.0 1990 13.7 6.6 .. 35.9 0.2 8.4 11.9 1991 Capital expenditure 8.1 . ... 16.4 11.0 ..1990 9.5 . ... 10.6 7.2 ..1991 Transfers to all union budget 12.7 0.5 ... . 17.5 ..1990 6.0 ..1991 Total expenditure including transfers as a percentage of GNP 47.8 34.6 6.9 .. 42.4 38.1 45.9 1990 40.9 28.8 .. 38.1 44.4 45.9 55.2 1991 Overall surplus/deficit (-) as a percentage of GNP -2.8 0.5 24.7 .. 1.7 -0.6 -0.9 1990 3.2 . . 3.3 4.5 -12.8 -5.5 1991 General Government Revenue Percentage distribution of revenue: Tax revenue 88.4 74.7 100.0 .. 48.0 90.8 54.1 1990 92.4 86.2 100.0 46.2 30.4 94.1 38.9 1991 Profit taxes 24.5 22.2 40.0 .. 12.5 32.5 13.0 1990 16.2 26.8 41.4 11.1 1.9 30.5 12.5 1991 Income tax 11.3 6.8 15.4 .. 5.1 11.7 6.2 1990 12.3 7.8 17.1 6.1 5.4 10.6 5.7 1991 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes 34.7 34.8 37.1 .. 24.1 33.0 27.4 1990 30.8 44.2 30.0 21.5 18.3 33.0 20.7. 1991 Value-added tax 1990 Customs duties 0,8 . 0.5 . ....1990 0.2 .. 2.5 . . 0.5 ..1991 Social seurity contributions 16.8 9.5 . . 5.8 .. 7.5 1990 22.7 . .......1991 Otier 0.2 1.2 7.0 .. 0.5 13.6 ..1990 8.6 7.4 9.0 7.5 4.8 19.5 ..1991 Nontax revenue 6.7 15.9 ... 29.5 .. 2.7 1990 7.6 13.7 .. 7.2 47.9 .. 18.2 1991 Grants 1990 Transfers from all union budget 4.9 9.5 ... 22.5 9.2 43.2 1990 0.1 .. 46.6 21.7 5.9 42.9 1991 Total revenue including grants and transfers as a percentage of GNP 44.9 35.0 31.6 .. 44.1 37.5 45.0 1990 44.1 28.8 23.1 41.5 48.9 33.0 49.7 1991 -15- COMPARATIVE TABLES ...*. .. .. . ... . ... ... . *...***.. .*. *.. ~ ************* .*** .*. . ..... *~ Monealy S&s*ics Monetary holdings, broadly defined average annual nominal growth (percent) 1990 13.3 19.9 21.1 22.8 22.8 .. .. 6.9 1991 70.5 90.2 74.0 177.4 66.3 122.3 84.0 98.8 Average annual rate of inflation 1985-90 1.6 2.6 .. 6.4 6.6 .. 1.6 2.3 1991 100.3 50.0 92.5 118.9 116.1 83.3 93.6 103.0 Average outstanding as a percentage of GDP 1990 85.0 112.6 77.7 69.9 139.7 61A 64.6 61.1 1991 89.6 140.4 75.7 113.1 147.5 80.6 62.4 66.4 Composition of monetary holdings (percent): Net foreign asset 1990 42.1 59.2 52.6 26.7 44.9 7.0 32.8 62.1 1991 53.1 54.2 30.3 30.6 50.9 10.6 40.3 100.4 Net domestic assets 1990 57.9 40.8 47.4 73.3 55.1 93.0 67.2 37.9 1991 46.9 45.8 69.7 69.4 49.1 89.4 59.7 -0.4 Credit to government (net) 1990 -8.8 -3.0 17.0 -3.7 -1.6 22.7 2.8 -8.7 1991 -6.6 -3.3 24.8 40.6 0.4 22.1 -1.5 -16.8 Credit to state enterprises 1990 54.4 48.5 32.1 38.1 48.4 74.6 71.9 43.1 1991 45.6 50.9 41.7 27.2 42.8 81.2 84.9 52.1 Credit to cooperatives 1990 .. .. .. 2.2 .. 4.0 1991 .. .. .. 7.0 .. 2.8 Credit to households and other private sector 1990 7.0 .. 2.8 0.8 1.2 13.3 .. 2.5 1991 5.2 .. 1.9 0.3 0.9 6.1 .. 1.1 Other items (net) 1990 5.3 -4.6 -4.5 35.9 7.2 -21.6 -7.6 1.0 1991 2.7 -1.8 1.3 35.4 5.0 -22.8 -23.7 -36.8 EXrERNAL TRADE Stntwure of Merchandise Imports by End Use, 1990 (percent): Food 12.0 10.7 5.1 5.1 13.6 5.2 18.4 7.1 Other consumer goods 13.5 4.6 4.3 8.8 8.7 7.1 8.1 8.1 POL and other energy 18.3 28.1 28.6 16.6 15.7 24.7 19.0 21.0 Intermediate goods, primary 6.5 5.6 5.7 7.1 7.2 6.7 6.9 6.4 Intermediate goods, manufactures 25.1 23.6 22.2 24.6 26.4 21.3 21.9 23.2 Capital goods 24.6 27.4 34.0 37.7 28.4 35.0 25.6 34.2 Stnrudure of Merchandhe Exports by End Use, 1990 (percent): Food 3.6 8.1 3.1 16.7 19.2 12.8 10.9 8.2 Other consumer goods 29.2 5.6 7.0 20.0 12.9 3.4 2.6 19.3 POL and other energy 0.4 41.6 18.9 9.3 5.5 33.2 7.7 3.5 Intermediate goods, primary 7.4 3.2 2.4 3.1 3.9 17.1 13.5 2.0 Intermediate goods, manufactures 20.8 21.0 18.5 23.6 28.6 23.9 10.5 29.0 Capital goods 38.6 20.5 50.2 27.3 29.9 9.7 54.9 38.0 -16- COMPARATIVE TABLES I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ..... .*.*. ....*. ..*..... Monetary Statistics Monetary holdings, broadly defined average annual nominal growth (percent) 55.4 96.1 .. .. 23.2 15.2 .. 1990 143.0 28.0 135.5 67.5 171.1 78.0 132.6 1991 Average annual rate of inflation 1.9 3.3 3.2 .. .. 2.5 .. 1985-90 175.9 .. 104.7 .. .. 79.3 .. 1991 Average outstanding as a percentage of GDP 119.6 43.5 81.4 72.7 92.0 79.4 76.5 1990 105.2 31.9 115.5 65.8 138.0 88.8 102.6 1991 Composition of monetary holdings (percent): Net foreign asset 61.1 32.2 -1.3 43.0 41.0 45.7 43.2 1990 52.6 57.4 36.5 33.8 27.6 36.7 51.3 1991 Net domestic assets 38.9 67.8 101.3 57.0 59.0 54.3 56.8 1990 47.4 42.6 63.5 66.2 72.4 63.3 48.7 1991 Credit to government (net) 3.9 -7.8 68.5 -5.4 4.5 7.1 2.6 1990 -7.1 -13.7 -11.7 -9.0 0.1 20.7 6.5 1991 Credit to state enterprises 28.4 20.1 45.8 55.1 47.9 36.7 58.2 1990 24.2 15.6 62.9 72.4 52.1 40.4 55.4 1991 Credit to cooperatives 0.1 .. .. 1.3 .. .. .. 1990 .. .. .. ~~~~~2.1 ... .1991 Credit to households and other private sector 4.5 2.9 .. 1.8 .. 1.2 .. 1990 6.7 3.0 .. 1.2 .. 0.7 .. 1991 Other items (net) 2.0 52.6 -13.0 4.2 6.6 9.3 -4.0 1990 23.5 37.8 12.3 -0.5 20.1 1.4 -13.2 1991 EXrERNAL TRADE Strcture of Merchandise Inports by End Use, 1990 (percent): 3.9 5.8 10.3 10.2 12.2 4.8 11.6 Food 7.4 9.6 7.1 9.2 12.1 6.8 7.1 Other consumer goods 31.4 19.3 7.5 21.4 7.2 22.4 21.4 POL and other energy 5.3 7.9 6.2 13.5 2.7 9.4 8.5 Intermediate goods, primary 18.3 24.3 23.1 19.6 20.5 21.1 20.1 Intermediate goods, manufactures 33.8 33.1 45.9 26.1 45.3 35.5 31.2 Capital goods Structure of Merchandise Exports by End Use, 1990 (percent): 9.4 26.7 1.6 8.6 4.1 7.7 3.9 Food 7.7 10.0 4.5 5.1 3.6 4.3 6.1 Other consumer goods 21.6 4.1 35.6 6.5 61.8 8.3 22.8 POL and other energy 3.0 4.0 10.4 39.2 1.7 6.7 11.2 Intermediate goods, primary 16.4 21.8 16.2 28.8 27.5 28.5 36.9 Intermediate goods, manufactures 42.0 33.3 31.6 11.8 1.3 44.5 19.1 Capital goods -17- In terna tional Transaction Tables 1) Balance of Payments in Convertible Currencies 2) External Debt in Convertible Currencies of the former U.S.S.R. -19- TABLE 1: BALANCE OF PAYMENTS IN CONVERTIBLE CURRENCIES, 1986-91 (MILLIONS OF U.S. DOLLARS) .. : :.: - : -:- -. :: : :: .:: : ::. -: - ::-:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .. . .. Current account (excluding gold) 1,800 6,601 1,552 -3,868 -7,300 -4,200 Current account (including gold) 2,721 7,270 2,935 -759 4,834 -813 Trade balance 3,579 8,236 4,753 -146 -1,700 2,400 Exports 26,809 31,348 33,449 35,234 33,600 37,700 Imports -23,230 -23,112 -28,696 -35,380 -35,300 -35,300 Services balance -1,826 -1,681 -3,306 -3,840 -5,600 -9,200 Transport and insurance 235 366 -365 -419 -780 -700 Travel 132 191 206 201 215 200 Interest, net -I1,373 -1,846 -2,049 -2,916 -3,700 -3,600 (Interest, gross) (-235 1) (-2652) (-2841) (-3674) (4700) (-4200) Other -820 -392 -1,098 -706 -1,335 -5,100 Gold exports (excluding gold swaps) 921 669 1,383 3,109 2,466 3,387 C'apital account -1,890 -6,523 -4,070 -5,511 3,034 5,713 ransfers 47 44 107 117 . . 2,600 Medium- and long-term -1,593 -3,461 -1,667 -2,545 3,301 4,800 Foreign direct investment -210 -196 502 -262 ...200 Loans received (net) -2,024 -3,890 -2,711 -2,456 2,801 4,300 Disbursement 3,379 2,215 2,532 3,160 10,900 12,500 Amortzation -5,403 -6,105 -5,243 -5,616 -8,099 -8,200 -2,545 Amortization received a/ 883 860 823 506 500 300 Other -242 -235 -281 -333 . .. Trade credits al 4,138 -8,004 -7,042 -7,365 -1,151 . Errors and omissions 3,841 4,942 4,639 4,399 884 913 Overall balance 831 747 -1,134 -6,270 -1,800 4,900 Financing -831 -747 1,134 6,270 1,800 -4,900 Net foreign assets -831 -747 1,134 5,770 -2,700 4,400 Gross VEB reserves b/ -1,400 200 -1,500 -100 7,400 1,400 Short-em liabilities c/ 569 -947 2,634 5,870 -10,100 4,600 Other commercial banks a! .. .. .. .. .. -1,200 Arrears .. .. .. 500 4,500 -800 Debt deferral .. .. .. .. .. 300 a. A change in the coverage of countries took place betwveen 1990 and 1991 as Pinland and the former German Democratic Republic were included in the convertible currency area in 1991. In 1990, exports woand imports from those two countries accounted for $10 billon and $18 billion, respectively. b. A minta 0plus) sign indicates and increase (decrease) in reserves. c. Sizort-tenn financial libltes of the Vneshekonoibn VEB). Sources: lUPEconomic Revew, April1992. -20- TABLE 2: SUMMARY OF THE EXTERNAL DEBT OUTSTANDING OF THE FORMER U.S.S.R. .............. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ o 113/9 MEDIUM AND LONG-TERM DEBT, TOTAL 56.50 of which: UNTIED LOANS 20.40 BONDS 1.70 TIED LOANS 24.90 SUPPLIER CREDlTS 4.60 of which: guaranteed by VEB 4.10 not guaranteed by VEB 0.50 OTHER DEBT GUARANTEED BY VEB 2.90 NON-GUARANTEED (LICENCED) DEBT (1) 2.00 SHORT-TERM DEBT, TOTAL 13.60 of which: UNTIED LOANS 3.00 of which: correspondent bank accounts 0.30 accounts of lVs, embasdies, etc. 0.40 shiort-term trade credits 0.20 bank deposits and NlPs 0.30 gold swaps 1.80 TIED LOANS 0.10 IMPORT L/Cs 5.00 of which: relating to centralized funds, sight 0.40 relating to decentralized agencies, sight 1.40 relating to supplier credits, term 0.90 relating to medium-term credits, term 2.30 THIRD COUNTRY LlCs 1.20 OVERDUE lMPORT PAYMENTS REGISTBRED W1TH VEB 4.20 OVERDUE FREIGHT CHARGES 0.10 DEBT ON LEND 0.70 GRAND TOTAL 70.80 Source: USSR Vehenoan (VEB), (I) - estimates. Exrchange rate used for conversion is SVR 0.5571 = USD 1. Not Included: Debts to former socialist countries & clearing debt. -21 - - ----- = Country Tables Population, Employment and Labor Force Public Finance 1.1 Total Population and Employment by 4.1 General Government Budget, 1985- Sector, 1985-91 91 1.2 Population by Age Group, 1985- 2030 Monetary Statistics 1.3 Employment by Form of Ownership, 5.1 Monetary Survey, 1985-91 1985-91 1.4 Employment by Sector as Percentage Industry of Total Employment, 1985-91 6.1 Industrial Production by Sector, 1985-91 (Millions of Current National Accounts Rubles) 2.1 Gross Domestic Product at Current 6.2 Industrial Production by Sector, Prices, 1985-91 1985-91 (Millions of Constant 2.2 Gross Domestic Product at Constant Rubles) Prices, 1985-91 6.3 Electricity Production and 2.3 Net Material Product at Current Consumption, 1985-91 Prices, 1985-91 2.4 Net Material Product at Constant Agriculture Prices, 1985-91 7.1 Agricultural Production, 1985-91 2.5 GDP and NMP Implicit Price (Millions of Current Rubles) Deflators, 1985-91 7.2 Agricultural Production in Millions 2.6 Capital Investment at Current Prices, of Constant 1983 Rubles, 1985-91 1985-91 7.3 Production and Average Yield of 2.7 Capital Investment at Constant Major Agricultural Crops, 1985-91 Prices, 1985-91 2.8 Money Incomes and Expenditures of Prices and Wages the Population 8.1 Wholesale and Retail Price Indices, 1985-92 Foreign Trade 8.2 Average Monthly Wages by Sector, 3.1 External Trade at Foreign Prices, 1985-91 1989-90 3.2 Extemal Trade at Domestic Prices, 1989-90 3.3 Foreign Trade By Origin and Destination, 1990 3.4 External Trade By End Use Categories, 1990 -23- Armenia ARMENIA khhEVYEEAN a 1990 Population (millions): 3.3 Area (thous. sq. km): 29.8 Neighboring countries: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkey, Iran Capital city: Yerevan (1.2 million) Titular nationality: Armenian (95%) Language: Armenian Natural resources: Agricultural land Major agricultural products: Grain, potatoes, vegetables, grapes Main industrial activities: Light industry, machine building and metallurgy, food processing, chemical production Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 9,692 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 2,915 .25- ARMENIA TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) TOTAL POPULATION (MDYEAR) 3198 3,225 3,251 3,277 3,291 3,325 3,360 Urban .. .. .. .. ...2,261 Rural . . .. .. .. 1,064 TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 1,546 1,609 1,633 1,642 1,652 1,690 MATERIAL SECTOR 1,113 1,159 1,159 1,166 1,156 1,200 Industry a/ 603 628 637 640 677 693 Constructfon .. .. .. .. .. .. Agriculture b/ 309 322 310 296 297 321 Foreatry .. ...... Transport c/ 108 113 114 115 83 85 Communication .. .. ...... Trade and other material services 93 97 98 115 99 101 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 433 451 474 476 496 490 Houg and municipal serice.. .. Science, research & development ..... .. Education d/ 309 322 343 345 363 355 Culture and arts .. .. ..... Hlealt care, social security .. .. ......... Banking, finance & credit institutions .. .. .. Tovernment 31 32 33 33 33 34 Othernonmaterial services 93 97 98 99 99 101 a. InCludes construcion. b. Inl-desforestry. c. Inudes ommunication . d. Iludes sciene, health care, social security, and sports. Source: Word Bant data. -26- ARMENA TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 000s with NRR+ 1 by 1995) TOTAL M+F 3,198 3,325 3,445 3,608 3,954 4,268 4,528 MALES 0-4 187 171 142 138 158 154 148 5-9 167 181 167 142 148 159 149 10-14 145 162 178 167 137 157 154 15-19 140 140 160 177 141 147 159 20-24 134 132 135 159 165 136 156 25-29 156 124 126 134 176 140 146 30-34 138 147 118 125 157 164 135 35-39 101 131 142 117 133 174 139 40-44 ~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~61 96 127 141 123 154 162 45-49 64 58 92 125 114 130 170 50-54 82 60 55 90 135 119 150 55-59 72 76 56 52 116 108 123 60-64 60 66 70 52 80 123 110 65-69 21 52 57 61 44 100 95 70-74 14 17 42 47 39 63 101 75+ 26 21 22 42 69 65 122 TOTAL 1,567 1,633 1,691 1,769 1,935 2,092 2,219 FEMALES 0}4 177 164 136 132 151 147 142 5-9 158 171 160 136 141 152 142 10-14 138 154 169 160 132 151 147 15-19 129 133 151 168 136 141 152 20-24 138 120 128 151 160 131 150 25-29 163 127 115 128 168 135 141 30-34 145 154 123 114 150 159 131 35-39 108 139 151 122 127 167 135 40-44 66 104 136 150 113 149 158 45-49 69 63 102 135 121 126 166 50-54 88 67 62 101 147 112 147 55-59 77 85 65 61 131 118 123 60-64 72 73 81 63 97 142 108 65-69 33 66 69 77 57 124 113 70-74 26 28 59 63 56 88 132 75+ 46 44 48 79 132 133 221 TOTAL 1,631 1,693 1,754 1,840 2,019 2,176 2,310 (average annual rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 55.1 58.8 56.9 52.6 47 53.9 58.3 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 21.4 17 15.6 16.2 14.5 13.1 DEATH RATE 6.8 6.4 6.3 7.2 7.4 7.5 RATE OF NAT. INC. 1.46 1.06 0.93 0.9 0.71 0.56 NET MIGRATION RATE -6.7 -3.5 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 0.78 0.71 0.92 0.89 0.71 0.56 TOTAL FERTILITY 2.574 2.225 2.099 2.086 2.075 2.065 NRR. 1.215 1.055 1 1 1 1 e(0) - BOTH SEXES 71.47 73.06 74.58 76.86 78.66 80.61 e(l5) - BOTH SEXES 58.67 59.99 61.22 63.08 64.52 66.1 IMR - BOTH SEXES 21.7 18.Z 15.1 10.7 7.3 3.9 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.026 0.022 0.0 19 0.013 0.009 0.005 a. Raes are for five years ending in specific year. Source: World Bank (PHRN) projections. -27- ARMENIA TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) TOTALLABOR .FORCE.. ..... ..... .. .... Of working age 1,222 .. .. .. .. 1,360 1,413 1,391 Under 16 .... .. ... . .... Over working ago .. ..e..... .. .. .. .. TOTAL EMPLOYED 1,546 1,609 1,633 1,642 1,652 1,690 STATE SECTOR 1,388 .. .. .. .. 1,350 1,330 1,217 COOPERATIVES .. Industry & construction Agrnculture Collective Farms .. .. .. .. .. 44 38 38 Other PRiVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED HOUSEHOLD SERVICES Source: World Bal data. -28- ARMENIA TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUS 1,546 1,609 1,633 1,642 1,652 1,690 MATERIAL SECTOR 72.0 72.0 71.0 71.0 70.0 71.0 Industry 39.0 39.0 39.0 39.0 41.0 41.0 Construction.. ... Agriculture 20.0 20.0 19.0 18.0 18.0 19.0 Forestry .. .. .. . .. .. Transport 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 5.0 5.0 Communication .. .. ... ........ Trade and other material services 6.0 6.0 6.0 7.0 6.0 6.0 NONMATERIUAL SECTOR 28.0 28.0 29.0 29.0 30.0 29.0 House and municiple services...... ........ .. Science, research and development ... .. .. ...... Education 20.0 20.0 21.0 21.0 22.0 21.0 Culture and arts .. .. .. ........ Health care, social security .. .. .. ... .. .. Banking, finance, and credit institutions .. .. .. ...... 5OVernment 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Othernonmaterial services 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 Source: Tamic 1.1. -29- ARMENIA TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~.. ., ., . .......... ... ... . .. . (millions of cumnt rubls) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciatioa Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications .. .. .. Net value added Depreclation Other material services .. .. Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services al 1,491 1,559 1,652 2,034 2,233 2,419 3,183 Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 8,101 8,199 8,292 8,054 9,490 9,692 15,671 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption .. .. Government consumption Gross domestic investment .. Gross fixed investment .. Increase in stocks Resource balance (percentage share of GDP) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. .. Other material services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation .. Nonmaterial services a/ 18.4 19.0 19.9 25.3 23.5 25.0 20.3 Net value added .. .. .. .. Depreciation . . .. Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Net value added .. .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. .. .. BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption .. .. .. .. Private consumption .. .. .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. Gross domestic investment .. .. .. .. Gross fixed investment .. .. .. .. Increase in stocks .. .. .. .. Resource balance a. Erludes expenditure on social and cultural servicesfinished by enterprises of the material sphere to thicr employees. Source: World Bank data. -30- ARMENIA TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESIIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ................~~~~~~. .............. ,. . ...... ......... . ... ........... ........ . ........... . -..................... ......., ,, , , . ,.., , , , ,8 ..... .0 P.9. (mElon,s of consan 19_ rublas) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture .. . . . .. Net value added .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. .......... Industry .. .. Net value added .. .. .. .. ........ Depreciation .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. Construction .. .. .. .. .. ..... Net value added .. .. .. .. .. ..... Depreciation . . .. ....... .. Transport & communications of .. .. ... .. Net value added Depreciation Other materbal services . .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial serices. Not value added Depreciation Gross domestic product . .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Privat consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment . .. .. .. Increase in stocks . .. .. .. Resource balance .. .. (perc.ttg. grow*h) BtY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN A^griculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation OtIer material services NRe value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks -31- ARMENIA TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 . ............................................... .~. . ...... (mios of cUrrt ule) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 6,144 6,082 6,064 5,779 6,915 6,976 12,328 BY ORIGIN Industry 3,356 3,386 3,365 3,157 3,473 3,165 5,959 Construction 769 686 682 622 1,463 1,773 1,800 Agriculture a/ 1,115 1,099 1,108 1,071 993 1,205 3,166 Forestry .. .. .. Trsnsport & communications 177 185 199 239 243 287 274 Trade & catering 228 241 243 207 300 320 689 Material technical supply .. Other material services 499 485 467 207 443 226 440 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. 4,470 4,810 5,489 10,310 Private Consumption .. 3,908 4,240 4,860 9,550 Govt. Consumption .. 562 570 629 760 Investment (accumulation) .. 575 2,708 2,260 3,025 Fixed Capital .. .. 899 1,636 1,488 3,010 Other .. .. .. -324 1,072 772 15 Losses .. .. .. 1,532 356 306 457 Net exports .. .. .. -797 -962 -1,084 -1,460 Exports Inports (as perceNage of d materid product) NrET MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry 54.6 55.7 55.5 54.6 50.2 45.4 48.3 Construction 12.5 11.3 11.2 10.8 21.2 25.4 14.6 Agriculture a/ 18.1 18.1 18.3 18.5 14.4 17.3 25.7 Forestry Transport & communications 2.9 3.0 3.3 4.1 3.5 4.1 2.2 Trade & catering 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.6 4.3 4.6 5.6 Material technical supply Other material services 8.1 8.0 7.7 3.6 6.4 3.2 3.6 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. 77.3 69.6 78.7 83.6 Private consumption .. .. .. 67.6 61.3 69.7 77.5 Government consumption .. .. .. 9.7 8.2 9.0 6.2 Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. 9.9 39.2 32.4 24.5 Faxed Capital .. .. .. 15.6 23.7 21.3 24.4 Other .. .. .. -5.6 15.5 11.1 0.1 Losses .. .. .. 26.5 5.1 4.4 3.7 Net exports .. .. .. -13.8 -13.9 -15.5 -11.8 Exports Imports a. Incudcsforestiy. Source: World Bank data. -32- ARMENIA TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (millions of constan 1983 rulbles) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 5,982 6,084 6,055 5,898 6,735 6,161 5,437 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 3,382 3,540 3,611 3,553 3,636 3,654 3,343 Construction 782 726 704 618 1,457 1,081 722 Agriculture al 908 931 849 783 566 491 566 Forestry .. .. .. ........... Transpor t &_omuiatin 176 184 199 239 243 205 187 Trade &catering 232 242 241 217 311 331 253 Material technical supply ............. .. Other material services 502 461 451 488 522 399 366 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. ... Private consumptionDu .. .. .. .. .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. ........ Investment (accumulation) . .. .. .. Fixed capital........... Other .. .. .... . .. Losses .. .... . .... Net expots .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Exports .. .. .. ..b.e.. Imports . .. .. .. NET MATERLAL PRODUCT 1.7 -0.5 -2.6 14.1 -8.5 -11.6 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. 4.7 2.0 -1.6 2.3 0.5 -8.5 Construction .. -7.2 -3.0 -12.2 135.8 -25.8 -33.2 Agriculture a/ .. 2.5 -8.8 -7.8 -27.7 -13.3 15.3 Forestry Transport & communications .. 4.5 8.2 20.1 1.7 -15.6 -8.8 Trade & catering .. 4.3 -0.4 -10.0 43.3 6.4 -23.6 Material technical supply Other material services .. -8.2 -2.2 8.2 7.0 -23.6 -8.3 BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumnption Government consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Other Losses Exports Imports a. Includesifores try. Source: World Bank data. -33 - ARMENIA TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICiT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . ......... . . . . ...................... ......... ........ ....--;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ..... (9 =100) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industqy Net value added Depreciatdon Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications .. .. Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDllTlRE CATEGORY: Consumption Private consumption Yovernment consumption .. ........ Gross domestic investment GSross fixed investment Increase in stocks 98=100) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 102.7 100.0 100.1 98.0 102.7 113.2 226.7 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 99.2 95.6 93.2 88.9 95.5 86.6 178.3 Construction 98.3 94.5 96.9 100.6 100.4 164.0 249.3 Agriculture a/ 122.8 118.0 130.5 136.8 175.4 245.4 559.4 Forestry Transport & communications 100.6 100.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 140.0 146.5 Trade & catering 98.3 99.6 100.8 95.4 96.5 96.7 272.3 Material tehnical supply Other catenal services BY FINAL USE Consumption Privaat consumption Government consumptions Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Other .. .. .. ..servi Exports ..... Imports,..... a. Incladesforest. Source: Tables 2.1- 2.4. -34- ARMENIA TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (milions of rubles) TOTAL, MATERIAL&NONMATERIAL 19,710 21,228 22,277 21,914 23,517 24,843 . MATERIAL SPHEREF 12,499 13,598 14,212 14,006 15,324 16,048 . Agriculture a/ 2,725 2,866 2,984 2,946 3,033 3,102 Forestry .. .. .. .. .. ..... Industry 6,116 6,609 6,863 6,669 7,594 7,890 . Construction 691 738 772 777 869 1,047 . Other inMaterial Sphere 2,967 3,385 3,593 3,614 3,828 4,009 . NONMATEIAL ... SPHERE 7,211 7,630 8,065 7,908 8,193 8,795 Housing 3,826 3,998 4,207 4,013 4,252 4,488 . Other 3,385 3,632 3,858 3,895 3,941 4,307... (as percentage of total) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 . MATERIAL SPHERE 63.4 64.1 63.8 63.9 65.2 64.6.. Agriculture a/ 13.8 13.5 13.4 13.4 12.9 12.5 . Forestry .. . . ..... ..... Industry 31.0 31.1 30.8 30.4 32.3 31.8 . Construction 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 4.2 .. OtherinMateri..Sphere 15.1 15.9 16.1 16.5 16.3 16.1 .. NONMATERIAL SPHERE 36.6 35.9 36.2 36.1 34.8 35.4 .. Housing 19.4 18.8 18.9 18.3 18.1 18.16. Other 17.2 17.1 17.3 17.8 16.8 17.3 . a. Includiesforestry. Source: World Bank: data. -35- ARMENIA TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ..'..".... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ... .. ..... .... .'.... " '.,"" "."''''' - . S' a S1 'fS-t' S 19_'bI)......... ...... TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industry Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other (ercentage growth) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agniculture Forestry Industry Construction OtXher in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE.... ........ Housing ..... .. .. .. .. .. Other .. .. ........... -36- ARMENIA TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) . . . , , . . ... .... .... .... ................. . N . N ..... , , , , , ,, ., . ,. ............ ........... = ~~~~~~~~~. ... .... . . . . .. .... ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ;,S. * ... ... ... ................ ...... .......... . ..... .. .. .. ..... . INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME .......3,65 3,99 4,855 5,665 Regular wage....... 3,255 3,369 3,93 4,392 Wages paid by co-op.s....... 98 476 758 Other wages & compensations ..94 109 137 172 Income paid by Collective Farms . ...154 142 121 141 Income from sale of farm products 155 201 183 202 TOTAL TRANSFER RECEIPTS .... 1,017 1,385 3,595 2,293 Pensions and allowances /I . .. 538 641 2,487 852 Scholarships .. . 30 31 33 36 Income from financial system ...222 316 788 693 Other income .... 227 397 287 712 Adjustment ..... 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME 4,675 5,304 8,450 7,958 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES .. 3,648 3,784 4,346 4,982 Retail trade purchases .. 3,258 3,366 3,890 4,495 Purchased services, of which: ...390 418 457 488 Rent and utilities .. 114 110 119 114 Commnunications .. 9438 41 45 48 .lealth &other services ...5 5 5 7 Incooperatives Farms 1 14 8 21 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS .. .. 871 1,070 2,749 1,883 Taxes, fees, duties, others .. .. 550 599 711 844 Savings ls .. .. 313 460 2,038 1,040 Other .. .. 8 11 0 0 Adjustment .. .. 0 0 0 -I TOTAL OUTLAYS .. .. 4,5 4,854 7,095 6,865 Income less expenditurS .. .. 155 449 1,356 1,093 a. 1989 incrcase due to 6ardzqua38 relief Source: Goskometat. -37- ARMENIA TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 198990 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) TO)TAL TRADE2,63,9203365 FOreign 73 482 64 500 InierrepUblic 2,292 3,212 1,989 3,155 OIL AND GAS 0 714 0 623 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrpublic 0 714 0 623 ELECTIC ENERGY 18 20 9 27 Foreign 0 0 0 0 IntrrePUbicG 18 20 9 27 COAL 0 14 0 12 Foreign 0 0 0 0 InterrePUblie 0 14 0 12 OTHER ENERGY (PEAl) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrpublic 0 0 0 0 PERROUS METALS -23 326 18 252 Foreign 1 4 0 3 InterrepUblic 22 322 17 249 NONFERROUS METALS 126 156 142 162 Foreign 7 35 6 19 Lnertepublic 119 121 137 143 C'HEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 267 269 182 292 Foreig 6 48 6 53 Intemrpublic 262 221 175 239 MAACHINE BUILDING3 978 1,049 832 934 Foreign 39 67 42 91 lIterrepublic 940 982 790 843 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 10 84 ....6 . 113 Foreign 0 29 ..... 0 . 41 InterrePUbliC 10 55 6 72....... CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 44 77 ....47 . 57 Foreign 0 6 ......0 Interrepublic 44 71 ....47 . 49 LIGHT INDUSTRY 533 315 491 34S Foreign 11 7 8 2 7 o74 Interrepublic 522 237 1 .484 3 275 FOOD INDUSTRY 147 393 72 305 Foreign 6 132 3 137 nterrepublic 140 261 68 168 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 192 139 230 139 Foreign 3 3 0 4 Interrepublic 190 136 2 AGRTCULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 3 131 4 144 Foreign 0 80 0 70 Intemrepublic 3 51 4 74 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 24 7 21 247 Poeign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 24 7 21 247 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share Of tOtal eXPOrta & importa Foreign 3 3 3 14 Interrepubic 97 87 121 97 86 Source: Goskoms&u USSR. -38-. ARMENIA TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (AMIL. OF CURR. RUB.) ~~~~~~~. . . . . . . .. . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. TOTAL TRADE 3,691 4,898 3,523 4,868 Foreign 93 1,056 95 1,154 Inteffepublic 3,598 3,842 3,428 3,715 OIL AND GAS 0 407 0 273 Foreign0000 Interrepublic 0 407 0 273 ELECTRIC ENERGY 12 13 6 18 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 12 13 6 18 COAL 0 15 0 13 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Intbrrepublic 0 15 0 13 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Intemrpublic 0 000 PERROUS METALS 19 284 14 210 Foreign 1 3 0 2 Interrepublic 19 281 14 208 NONFERROUS METALS 112 141 89 113 Foreign 5 49 4 25 Interrepublic 107 91 85 87 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 338 385 213 370 Foreign 9 74 9 75 Interrepublic 329 312 204 295 MfACHINE BUILDING 861 1,005 828 974 Foreign 34 87 56 125 Inerrepublic 827 918 772 850 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 18 136 9 173 Foreign 0 48 0 74 Interrepublic 18 88 9 100 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 38 98 44 83 F=oreign 0 20 0 26 lnberrepublic 38 78 44 57 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,427 1,107 1,501 1,166 Foreign 27 309 17 277 Interrepublic 1,400 799 1,483 889 FOOD IN.DUSTRY 641 946 412 754 Foreign 14 350 8 387 Intemrpublic 627 595 404 368 OTHER INDUSTRJAL BRANCHES 193 156 377 213 Foreign 2 6 0 15 Interrpublic 191 150 376 199 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 10 200 12 290 Foreign 1 111 1 148 Interrepublic 9 89 11 142 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 23 6 19 218 Foreign 0 0 0 1 Interrepublic 22 6 19 217 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 3 22 3 24 Interrepublic 97 78 97 76 Source: Goskometa USSR. -39- ARMENIA TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 M ilhiw~ t~(Ferei~u. ..w. ........ ..... ............ .. TOTAL 103 877 100.0 100.0 of which Europe 69 585 66.9 66.8 Austria 1 14 1.0 1.6 Belgium 2 4 1.9 0.5 Bulgatia 12 67 11.7 7.6 Great Britain 3 10 2.9 1.1 Hungasy 6 49 5.8 5.6 Spain 1 0 1.0 0.0 Italy 4 20 3.9 2.3 Neherlands .. 3 0.0 0.3 Poland 7 84 6.8 9.6 Romania 4 20 3.9 2.3 Germany 11 139 10.7 15.8 Filand 3 22 2.9 2.5 France 3 27 2.9 3.1 Czechoslovakia 9 80 8.7 9.1 Switzerland 0 10 0.4 1.1 Yfugoslavia 2 28 1.9 3.2 Asia 11 148 10.3 16.9 'Jiet Nam 2 9 1.9 1.0 India 2 25 1.9 2.9 china 2 24 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic Peeple's Republic 2 8 1.9 0.9 MongoGia 0 5 0.2 0.6 Syian Arab Republic .. 10 0.0 1.1 Turkey 0 3 0.1 0.3 Japan 1 33 1.0 3.8 Afiica 0 6 0.2 0.7 America 8 98 7.7 11.2 Cuba 6 41 5.8 5.8 United States 1 32 1.0 3.6 Australia and Oceania 0 4 0.0 0.4 Note: Rubles are according to official exchange rates. Source: Goskomstat SNG, Vneshnyaya torgovlya suverenny respublk ipribalsiys gosndarstv v 1990g., 1992. -40~ ARMENIA TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) , i' g ..:'-':' E d Ed- i---i-d,- i EiEE,l-E~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 7443 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 600 493 POL and other energy 9 668 Intermediategoods 578 1,157 Prnmary goods 152 239 Manufactured goods 426 918 Capital goods 792 898 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 2,052 3,655 EXITRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 4 191 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 5 67 POL and other energy 0 0 Intermediate goods 15 155 Primary goods 6 25 Manufactured goods 9 130 Capital goods 42 86 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 64 500 INTRA1EUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 70 247 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 595 426 POL and other energy 9 667 Intermediate goods 563 1 ,002 Primary goods 146 214 Manufactured goods 417 788 Capital goods 751 812 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 1,988 3,155 Source: World Ban* staff estimates based on ofiial reports. -41 - ARMENIA TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET, 1985-91 (MLLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) . ... .... ....................................... .................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . .. TOTALREVENUE,GRANTSAND. TRANSFERS .. . .. .. 4,947 4,141 4,564 Grants .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Transfers from all-union Budget .. 2,285 61. 781 TOTAL REVENUE .. .. .. .. 2,662 3,523 3,783 Tax revenue . .. .. .. 1,800 2,171 3,383 Profits taxes . . ..... 347 494 682 Income. .. .. .. 196 213 529 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes .. .. 1,257 1,464 1,221 Value added tax .. .. .. .. .. .... Customs duties .. .. .. .. .. . .. Social security contributions . . ............951 Other ..... .. .. .. .. .. Nontax revenue .. ..*.. .. 862 1,352 400 Transfers to all union Budget TOTAL EXPENDlTURE ........ 4,680 3,454 4,466 Current expenditure .. ... . 4,680 3,454 4,466 Administration a/ .. ... .32 52 113 Defense ...... .. .. . . .. .. Subsidies .. .. .. .. .. ..... National economy ...... 2,176 1,850 1,599 foreign expenditure.. .. .. .. .. ... .. Of which: external debt service .. 78 Social-cultural expenditure bl 1,222 1,417 1,790 of which: social benefits c/ .. .. .. .. 300 377 Other .. .. .. .. 1,251 135 964 Capital expenditure Investment SURPLUSIDEPICIT (-) .. .. .. .. 267 688 98 FINANCING Foreign (net) Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states Disbursement of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank a. Refers to polce and state authorites. b. Includes education, science, health care, phrysical cultures, social security, and allowance for mothers and children. c. Includes social security and allowance for mothers and children. Source: World Banka data. -.42- ARMENIA TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) ~~~~~~~x............. ................. ..... ..............I................. , ,................. .................................................................... .................... ...................... ........ ............ .............. ...... NET FOREIGN ASSETS b/ .. ...463 806 3,691 3,469 7,456 Foreign assets.. .. 3,111 3,319 5,386 5,671 9,903 Foreign liabilities .. ..2,648 2,513 1,695 2,202 2,447 NEI- DOMESTIC ASSETS .....3,590 3,779 3,581 4,771 6,591 Credit to government (net) .. . -233 -1,206 -1,090 -727 -929 Credit to state enterprises c/ .. ...4,630 4,188 3,774 4,481 6,410 Credit to cooperatives .. .. .. Credit to households & otfier private sector .. ...7 109 236 580 726 Other item.s (net) d/ ......-814 688 661 437 384 BROAD MONEY .. .. 4,053 4,585 7,271 8,239 14,048 Money ,..876 1,089 1,933 1,940 2,112 Currency in circulation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Demand deposits.. .. 876 1,089 1,933 1,940 2,112 Quasi money .. ..3,177 3,496 5,338 6,299 11,936 Time.deposits e/ .. 3,177 3,494 5,326 6,216 11,167 Savings deposits .. ........ .. Other deposits £t . .. 0 1 12 84 768 F-oreign currency deposits .. .. .. .. .. .. .. a. Figuressfor 1991 are esdmates using October1991 data. b. Includes depo2s43iabii0es wi2th the rest of thefinancial system. Thefinancial system incudes the banking system and other nonbandc financial institutions §1. e., state insurance commerdial companies). c. Indicates enterprises. d includes of iceial apital and reserves e. Inctudes saving deposits. M Includes pyivate capital and money transfer in transit; also includes deposits of social insurance companies and deposits of trade unions which are rather small. Source: IsF Economi eReview Apsnl 1992. -43- ARMENIA TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) :: ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~. ... .. .: ........... .... .... ... .. :.::.:.:..:::: :..-:. "'.,., ..' , .'' ..'. . . ........' . .- . .- . .. .. . .. . '--. .. . .. . ," ...'. . . ALL INDUSTRY, of which: .......2,561 2,38 2,14 1,351 FUEL ENERGY NDUSTRY . ..... 296 25 225 Electricity ....296 258 225 Fuel industry METALLURGY MACHIINE BUILDING .........201 178 168 136 PUL AND PAPER INDUSTRY CEMICAL INDUSTRY ........211 167 67 166 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS . .. ....39 40 39 96 LIGHT INDUSTRY .. .......625 594 617 .. Tetiles ..... .. ...349 309 282 522 Clothing .........50 42 38 .. Leather and shoes .. .. .. ...226 243 297 431 FOOD INDUSTRY 296 2899 190 Food processing Meat and daixy products Fish Source: Worl;d Bank data. -44- ARMENIA TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ .............. %-...-..-~.... .......~. ..........' ' ''' '" "'"'" ' " ............... ..X ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 4,069 4,264 4,396 4,585 4,737 4,888 . FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY .. ..... Electricity 293 293 304 304......... Fuel industry .. .. .. .. .. ..... METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING 2,461 2,664 2,854 2,781 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 517 570 607 564 FORBSTRYIWOOD PRODUCTS 173 184 195 19 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 450 478 505 47 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,958 1,986 2,041 2,6 T'extiles Clothing Leather end shoes FOOD INDUSTRY 1,544 1,659 1,672 1,4 Food processing . Mest snd d.iry products .. ..... Fish .. a. In 19282 prices. Source: D. Diamond, and G. Kisunko, "Synthfietc Measures of Industrial Growthi by Republic in the Former USSR;"# US Bureau of the Census, C enter for Intentoa Research, Washington, D. C., 1992. -45- ARMA TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF KWH) PRODUCTION .. .. .. .. ... ..... Thermal .. .. .. .. .. ...... Hydro .. .. .. .. ........ Nuclear . ... .. . IMPORTS Interrepublic TOTAL SUPPLY DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION Industry and construction Agriculture Transport Other sectors Households Losses EXPORTS Interrepublic TlOTAL USES -46- ARMENIA TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MLLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . i . .. .. . . .. . ;.'.'...'...'..'..''..... ..".;. ..". ..."."..... .... .. .....'.. .- .... .. .. GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ... .... .. CROP PRODUCTION, of which: Grains Potatoes Vegetables Fruit(excluding gr-apes) Grapes Tobacco Cotto,n Sugarbeeta Oilseeds LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and goats Poultry Egs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS bl Crop pro,duction Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 1,115 1,099 1,108 1,071 993 1,205 3,166 cro,p production .. .. .. .. ..... .. Animal production .. ................. Agricultural services-, . .... . a. Data for 1991 are estimates.' b. Includea forestry. Source: Tabke 2.3. -47- ARMENIA TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . ... . : ,: . ... . ..: GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION .. .. .. 2,663 2,045 1,792 2,135 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: .... .. 1,364 901 811 1,089 Grains .. .. ...47 22 31 3S Potatoes .. ... 68 51 41 60 Vegetables .932 659 5 S05 Fruits(excluding grapes) .. .. .. 168 99 100 85 Grapes .. . ..126 56 56 92 Tobacco .. .. .. 5 2 1 1 Cotton.......... Sugarbeets .. .. .. .. ........ O .iseeds .. . .. . .. .. .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: .. .. 1,299 1,145 981 1,046 Livestock, of which: .. .. ...685 623 542 553 Cattle .. .. . 685 623 542 553 Pigs .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Sheep and goats.......... Poultry .. .. .. .. ....... Milk .. ...210 196 169 160 Eggs .. .. .. 64 54 50 48 Wool ... .34 28 24 20 A SGRICULTURAL SERVICESD61 MATERIAL INPUTS of ..i.. 1,880 1,479 1,301 1,569 Crop production . .. .. .. Animal production . .. .. .. Agricultural services . .. .. .. NET MATERIAL PRODUCT a! 908 931 849 783 566 491 566 Crop production . .. .. .. Animal production . .. .. .. Agnicultural servrices . .. .. .. a. Inctludesforesty. Sourc: Annenan authorities, Bank estiats, and IMF Economic Review, April1992. -48- ARMENIA TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MA.JOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 (uroduction in thousands of tons) Grain - cleanweight 311 255 349 180 254 306 Whleat (winter) .. 144 142 180 100 155 .. (spring) Coarse grain Rye . ....... Corn .. ....... Barley (winter) .. 23 19 19 11 17 . (spring) 126 82 132 5S 73 Oats ..4 3 4 3 2 . Millet .. ...... Rice Flax .. ...... Oilseeos . .. .. .. Sunflowerseed . .. .. .. Soybeans In ..o.. a ..s..f.. .. Other ..*.. .. .. Cotton (raw) . .. .. .. (fiber) . .. .. .. Sugarbeets .. 132 105 117 . .. Potatoes ..266 2.96 207 266 213 277 P-ulses .. 3 2 3 3 3 . Vegetables .. 570 571 567 485 390 438 Fruit .. 451 316 455 289 300 314 Grapes .. 240 169 214 119 144 195 Other .. 211 147 241 170 156 119 Crorn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. . .. Hay .. .. .. .. . .. (average ie ld Xn CenneS/ha) Grain .. 23.3 19.2 26.3 13.7 18.4 20.1 WVheat (winter) .. 24.1 21.7 27.6 15.9 21.3 (spring) Coarse grain Rye .. .. .. .. Corn .. .. .. .. Barley (winter) 31.7 25.6 24.3 18.5 24.7 (spring) 22.7 16.2 26.6 11.1 14.6 Oats .. 15.8 12.3 14.7 10.2 7.7 Millet . .. .. .. Rice Flax .. .. .. .. Oilseeds .. .. .. .. Sunflowerseed .. .. .. .. Soybeans .. .. .. .. Other .. .. .. .. Cotton (raw) .. .. .. .. (fiber) .. .. .. .. Sugarbeets .. 363.0 293.0 347.0 Potatoes .. 133.0 148.0 98.0 128.0 95.0 125.0 Pulses .. 15.0 13.8 19.9 17.3 22.4 Vegetables .. 310.0 310.0 306.0 259.0 211.0 210.0 Fruit Grapes .. 91.9 64.5 81.7 44.6 57. Other .. 61.0 40.8 68.0 46.4 42.6 Corn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. Hay .. .. .. .. Source: World Bank data. -49- ARMENIA TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 ...........;. ...........-.-....................................... . ...... ........... ... .. . ... : .. .. . .. ... .. .:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19_ = 10) WHOLESALE PRICES . . .. .. .. .. .. Indust.y . .. .. .... .. Const. . .tion.. Construction imports .. . .. .. ........ HouBing .. .. .. .. .. ... Investment goods .. . Agriculture. .. ................ Agriculture imports Foreign trade ..... .. .. ..... Exports .. .. . .. .. ..... lmports .. .. .. .. .. .. .. CONSUMER PRICES .. .. .. .. .. .. .. State and cooperative paices . .. .. .. Food (excluding alcohol) . .. .. .. Alcoholic beverages . .. .. .. Non-food products State prices . .. .. .. PAries of cooperae ves Prices on the ikolkhoz marketsr Overall price index (19_ = 100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 1UL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry .. prices Construction prod Construction imports . .. .. .. .. Housing . .. .. .. .. XInvestment goods . .. .. .. .. Agrcultures Agriculture imports markets' Foreign trade x Exports . .. .. .. .. imports . .. .. .. .. CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries . .. .. .. .. Nongoceriesu Public restaurants Servicesu. Groceries and nongroceries . .. .. .. .. (9_ =1I") OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN92 FEB 92 MAR92 APR92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry ........ Constraction . .. .. .. .. Construction imnports . .. .. .. .. Housing.... Investment goods Agriculture .. nongrocerie Agriculture imports . .. .. .. .. Foreign trade.. .......... Exports . .. .. .. .. Imports . .. .. .. .. CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries . .. .. .. .. Nongroceries PubIsc restgurants Services Groceres and nongroceres. -50- ARMENIA TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) AVERAGE 10 l5191 197 220 21. MATERIAL SECTORS Industry 209 213 219 222 249 264 Electricity .. .. .. . . .. Fuel industry .. . ... .. .. .. Metallutgy .. .. . ..... .. Machine building .. .. ........ Chemicals ........ .. Wood processing and paper industry .. ........ .. .. Const.uction material .. .. .. .. .. .. Textile .. .. .. . .. .. Clothing .. ... .. .. .. .. Leather and shoe industry .. ..... .. . .. Meat and dairy... .. ..... .. Fish .. .. .. ........ Other food processing . .. .. .. .. .. Construction 288 299 308 313 367 421 Asgriculture 147 153 153 160 173 191 Transport 204 210 218 230 237 248 Communications 275 287 298 306 363 411 Trade (retail and wholesale) 136 134 135 138 147 170 Other material producdion 140 144 149 149 177 195 NONMATERIAL SECTORS .. .. ..... Housing and commnunal services 123 125 130 140 157 181 . Science, research & development 177 181 188 205 246 262. Education 139 144 156 160 159 166 .. ture 100 103 105 111 110 134 . . Arts 139 127 133 136 141 162 . Health care, social security, sports a/ 289 297 320 302 344 459 . Bankring, finance, credit, insurance .. .. .. ... .. . .. Government 157 163 168 171 204 296 a. Includes social insurancc. SoMrce: World Bn . -51- I Azerbaijan 1990 Population (millions): 7.1 Area (thous. sq. kn): 86.6 Neighboring countries: Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Turkey Capital city: Baku (1.8 million) Titular nationality: Azerbaijani (83 %) Language: Azerbaijani Natural resources: Agricultural land, oil, natural gas, iron ore Major agricultural products: Grapes, cotton, tobacco, fruits, vegetables Main industrial activities: Oil, oil production equipment, petrochemicals, food and beverages, clothing, electrical equipment Currencies: Ruble and manat 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 14,697 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 2,056 -53- AZERBAUAN TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) .. . . . - . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . ... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... . .. .. .. s : . s: s s s s ~~.. ........... ..s::s:::s sss Z6...... ..... :. .-. ss ........... .. .......S..S. .. . ............ . .. ......: . .......S. :: : :: - ....... . . .. 1-195. 1.. I..- . .. ......m... TOTAL POPULATION (MID-YEAR) 6,669 6,779 6,893 7,004 7,084 7,149 7,219 Urban .. .. .. .. . . 3,861 .. Rural .... 3,289 . TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 2,615 2,671 2,749 2,753 2,794 2,808 2,839 MATERIAL SECTOR 1,905 1,947 2,009 1,977 2,002 2,011 2,029 Industry 471 480 487 482 483 469 463 Construction 210 218 228 225 243 251 248 Agriculture 870 880 920 897 905 914 934 Forestry 5 5 5 5 6 5 5 Tranpor a/ 144 145 143 138 133 143 143 Communication .. ... .. .. .... Trade and other material services 205 220 226 230 232 230 233 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 710 724 740 776 793 797 810 Housing and municipal semvces 81 84 87 92 108 99 101 Science, research & development 60 60 61 60 60 58 60 Education 243 249 254 265 277 280 341 C.ulture and arts 40 41 43 47 52 58 .. HIealth care, social security 138 143 149 157 168 170 173 Banking, finance&creditinstitutions 10 10 10 10 11 11 GAOvernment 62 60 59 63 61 62 62 ther nonmaterial services 76 77 77 82 56 60 73 a. ncludes conmun2ca25ons. Soulrce: World Bank data. -54- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in OOOs with NRR+ 1 by 1995) ..... . . ,.,.,,,. . ., . . .. .. ap vwtp 19#$ JPP.......O....... .... 1995 ZQ 21( 13 331 TOTAL M+F 6,669 7,149 7,540 7,987 8,887 9,804 10,584 MALES 0-4 422 442 376 337 370 383 360 5-9 370 410 433 375 340 386 368 10-14 331 362 403 432 335 368 382 15-19 347 323 355 402 373 339 385 20-24 314 332 311 352 428 333 366 25-29 319 295 316 308 397 369 336 30-34 258 301 281 313 347 423 329 35-39 180 244 289 278 303 391 364 40-44 106 169 234 285 307 341 416 45-49 117 99 161 228 269 295 382 50-54 161 110 94 155 270 293 329 55-59 130 150 103 88 210 250 278 60-64 92 117 136 93 136 242 268 65-69 38 79 101 117 71 176 217 70-74 23 29 62 80 67 102 191 75+ 44 35 35 60 112 99 193 T1OTAL 3,252 3,498 3,689 3,904 4,335 4,789 5,165 FEMALES 0-4 397 425 362 324 354 367 344 5-9 351 386 417 360 327 370 353 10-14 316 343 380 416 323 353 366 15-19 312 307 336 380 360 326 370 20-24 339 296 295 336 415 322 353 25-29 352 320 282 294 379 359 325 30-34 275 337 308 281 334 414 321 35-39 190 264 329 307 292 377 357 40-44 114 183 258 327 279 332 411 45-49 127 110 179 256 304 289 374 50-54 177 123 107 177 321 274 327 55-59 141 171 120 105 249 296 283 60-64 114 134 164 116 169 309 266 65-69 65 105 126 155 98 235 283 70-74 49 57 94 114 103 154 287 75+ 98 89 94 135 246 238 399 TOTAL 3,417 3,652 3,850 4,083 4,552 5,015 5,419 (average annud rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 60.1 63 61.9 57.2 44.7 49.2 54.7 1985-99 1990-95 199-2009 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 26.2 20.9 17.4 17 15.8 13.6 DEATH RATE 6.8 6.1 5.9 6.3 6.5 6.5 RATE OF NAT. INC. 1.94 1.47 1.15 1.07 0.93 0.71 NET MIGRATION RATE -5.5 -4.1 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 1.39 1.06 1.15 1.07 0.93 0.71 TOTAL FERTLITY 2.903 2.535 2.214 2.091 2.078 2.066 NRR 1.362 1.196 1.051 1 1 1 e(0) - BOTH SEXES 70.04 71.61 73.15 75.54 77.51 79.66 e(15) - BOTH SEXES 57.8 58.96 60.13 62.01 63.54 65.23 BIR - BOTH SEXES 27.9 23.3 19.2 13.5 9 4.6 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.034 0.028 0.023 0.016 0.011 0.006 a. Rates are forfive years ending in specific year. Source: World Bank (PHREl1) projec on,. -55- AZEBAUAN TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ................ !............ . ........ ..... . . . . . . . . ....... . . . . TOTAL LABORPFORCE 3,816 3,870 3,903 3,932 3,959 3,977 3,986 Of working age .. .. .......... Under 16 .. .. .. .. ...... ...w di g .... ... ...... .. ........ Over working age TOTAL EMPLOYED 2,615 2,671 2,749 2,753 2,795 2,808 2,839 STATE SECT'OR 1,954 2,009 2,218 2,209 2,173 2,171 2,170 COOPERATrIS Industry & constructon Agricutur Collective Farms 471 480 314 304 308 312 325 Other PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED 189 181 216 236 241 260 265 HOUSEHOLD SERVICES 851 846 822 815 721 729 707 Somrce: Goskoatat -56- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 ...,.19*6 ......... .......... - 8 ' 0 ' TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUSANDS) 2,615 2,671 2,749 2,753 2,794 2,808 2,839 MATERIAL.. SECTOR 72.8 72.9 73.1 71.8 71.6 71.6 71.5 Industry 18.0 18.0 17.7 17.5 17.3 16.7 16.3 Consteuction 8.0 8.2 8.3 8.2 8.7 8.9 8.7 Agriculture 33.3 32.9 33.5 32.6 32.4 32.5 32.9 Forestry 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Transport 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.8 5.1 5.0 Comlnunication .. .. ... WV Trade and other material services 7.8 8.2 8.2 8.4 8.3 8.2 8.2 NONMATBRIAL SECTOR 27.2 27.1 26.9 28.2 28.4 28.4 28.5 House and municiple services 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.9 3.5 3.6 Science, research and development 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 Education 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.6 9.9 10.0 12.0 Culu and arts 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 .9 Health care, social security 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.7 6.0 6.0 6.1 Raing, nance, and credit instittions 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 *- GovernmeR S 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 Other nonmaterial services 2.9 2. 2.8 3.0 2.0 2.1 2.6 Souruc: Tabkle1.1. -57- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ........~ ~ ~ ~ ~~...... (inMw of cwrez rubks) BY lNDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation . Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications .. Net value added Depfeciation .. Other material services .. Net value added Depreciation .. Nonmaterial services .. Net value added Depreciation Gross domesfic product 14,098 13,774 14,656 14,604 15,484 14,697 22,409 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption .. Private consumption .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. Gross domestic investment 2,826 2,248 2,439 2,165 1,107 2,268 2,749 Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance .. (vercentage share of GDP) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture .. Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. Industry .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation .. .. Construction .. Net value added Deprdciation .. .. . Transport & communications .. Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. .. Otber material services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. .. Nonmaterial services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. .. Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. .. BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption .. .. .. .. Private consumption .. .. .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. Gross domestic investment 20.0 16.3 16.6 14.8 7.1 15.4 12.3 Gross fixed investment .. .. .. .. Increase in stocks .. .. .. .. Resource balance .. .. .. .. Source: World Bank dat. -58- AZERBAUAN TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 8 a ;>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ,..... ......... .i (milons of constant 19_ ruble) a/ BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 13,961 13,672 14,594 Net value added 11,639 11,291 12,220 Depreciation 2,322 2,381 2,374 BY EXPENDITIRE CATEGORY Consumption Private consunmption Govermnent consunption Gross domesdc investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance (percentage growth) BY INDUSTRlAL ORIGIN Agrculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & conununications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nontnaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consunption Private consumption Govermnent consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks a. 1988=100 (1989), 1989=100 (1990), 1990=100 (1991) Source: World Bank data. -59- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .........} S.. ... . . .., ... .... .. (milin of aurcat rbe) NETMATERIALPRODUCT 10,523 10,163 10,774 11,115 10,919 10,712 17,752 BY ORIGIN Industry 4,503 4,217 4,685 4,597 4,722 3,727 9,625 Consteuction 1,280 1,405 1,470 1,457 1,277 1,255 1,877 Agriculture 3,441 3,224 3,271 3,297 3,350 4,014 4,636 Forestry 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 Transport & communications 354 385 360 356 331 555 519 Trade & catering 672 666 676 1,102 833 888 818 Material technical supply 115 113 151 142 158 113 116 Other material services 151 146 154 157 242 t54 tS5 BY FINAL USE Consumption 6,184 6,377 6,691 7,049 7,283 8,027 12,449 Private consumption .. ............... Government consumption .. .. .. .. Investment (accumulation) 2,826 2,248 2,439 2,165 1,107 2,268 2,749 Fixed capital 2,826 2,248 2,439 2,165 1,107 2,268 2,749 Other .. .. .. ........ . Losses 213 131 158 111 200 319 319 Net exports 1,300 1,406 1,486 1,788 2,329 98 2,235 Exports .. . . ........ .... Imports. .. .. ...... (a percenwage of net ateriaprodu) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 100.01 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry 42.8 41.5 43.5 41.4 43.2 34.8 54.2 Construction 12.2 13.8 13.6 13.1 11.7 11.7 10.6 Agriculture 32.7 31.7 30.4 29.7 30.7 37.5 26.1 Forestry 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 Transport & communications 3.4 3.8 3.3 3.2 3.0 5.2 2.9 Trade & catering 6.4 6.5 6.3 9.9 7.6 8.3 4.6 Material technical supply 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.1 0.7 Other material services 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 2.2 1.4 0.9 BY FINAL USE Consumption 58.8 62.7 62.1 63.4 66.7 74.9 70.1 Private consumption Government consumption .. .. .. .. Investment (accumulation) 26.9 22.1 22,6 19.5 10.1 21.2 15.5 Fixed capital 26.9 22.1 22.6 19.5 10.1 21.2 15.5 Other Losses 2.0 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.8 3.0 1.8 Net exports 12.4 13.8 13.8 16.1 21.3 0.9 12.6 Exports Imports Source: Azerhwaijan Stare Comni#ee on Statietics; IML E:conomic Review, May 1992. - ~~~~~~~~~-60- AZERBAUAN TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... ... ... ... . . . ............ ... ......... . (inilioiw of nsbles) a! NET MATBRIL~LPRODUCT 10,520 10,719 11,190 11,664 10,129 9,661 10,670 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding consttuction 4,804 5,109 5,3S0 5,593 4,445 3,913 4,046 Consttuction 1,306 1,393 1,495 1,461 1,213 643 1,181 Agriculture b/ 3,119 2,905 3,002 2,898 3,003 3,423 3,981 .orestiy . . .. .. .. .. . Transport & communications 355 384 362 357 312 537 506 Trade & catering . ............. Material technical supply .. .. ..... .. .. .. Other material services 937 928 951 1,356 1,156 1,146 956 BY PINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Private consumption .. .. .. .. .. ..... Governm.ent consumption .. .. .. .. .. ..... Investment (accumulation) .. .. ........ Fixed capital . .. .. .. Others .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Losses .. .. .. ........... Net exports .. .. .. .. .. ..... E.xports .. .. .. .. .. ..... fmgotts .. .. .. .. .. .. ..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~......... ................. ..... .... (ercentage grow*t) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. 1.9 4.4 4.2 .. .. .. BY ORIGIN Industty excluding constraction .. 6.3 5.3 4.0 .. .. .. Construction .. 6.7 7.3 -2.3 .. .. .. Agriculture b/ .. 6.9 3.3 -3.5 .. .. .. Foretry Transport & communications .. 8.4 -5.9 -1.5 .. .. .. Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services -3.. 1.0 2.6 42.5 .. .. .. BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption .. .. .. .. Government consumption Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. Fixed capital Others Losses Exports Imports a. 198S-1988 are in 1983 rub7les, 1989-1991 are in previous year's rubles. b. excludesiforestry. source: Azedaijan Commiase on Sasiics. -61- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICiT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 =_f BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agricultue Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Constretion Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other materal services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestie product a/ 110.9 107.5 153.5 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDrrURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic invesmentm Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 94.8 96.3 95.3 107.8 110.9 166.4 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 93.7 82.5 87.1 82.2 106.2 95.3 237.9 Construetion 98.0 100.8 98.3 99.7 105.3 195.3 158.9 Agricuture bl 110.3 111.0 109.0 113.8 111.5 117.3 116.5 Forestry Transport & communications 99.9 100.2 99.5 99.8 1063 103.3 102.5 Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Other Exports Imports a. 1983 =100 (1985-88), 1988=100 (1989), 1989=100 (1990), 1990=100 (1991). b. incldesforesty. Soree: Tabes 2.1 - 2.4. -62- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .. ........... ...............d eus.1 r bla TOSTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Foretq Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other (as predatag of toa) T-OTaAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE A gricultuare Forestry Industr Constuction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE ....... . Housing .. .. .. .. .. ..... O ther ........... .. ...... -63- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 2.7: CAP1TAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 .....................~..... .......... ...............-17..... . (mia Qf constA 1991 RMbes) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 4,892 .. .. 4,194 3,609 MATERMIL SPHERE 4,359 .. .. 3,362 2,766 Agriculture 1,106 610 550 Forestty Industry 2,065 1,536 1,291 Construction 101 .. .. 94 96 OterinMaterialSphere 1,087 .. 1,122 829 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 533 .. 832 843 Housing 533 .. .. .. .. 832 843 Other (perceaage gronw*) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL .. .. .. .. .. .. -13.9 MATERIAL SPHERE .. .. -17.7 Agriculture .. .. .. .. .. .. -9.8 Forestgry... . .. Industry .. .. .. .. .. .. -16.0 Construction .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.1 Other in Material Sphere .. .. .. .. .. .. -26.1 NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.3 Housing .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.3 Other Source: Azerbaijan State Committee on Stadstics. -64- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDfTURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) 19862 1X8 *:.' *.*~. . .**.**. . . *.~. .*.*.... .. .*.*..... ....... INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME 5,509 5,572 5,606 5,847 6,346 7,235 11,824 Regular wages 4,208 4,323 4,418 4,628 4,808 5,368 8,520 Wages paid by co-ops 23 142 247 279 Other wages & compensations 108 106 105 118 133 147 289 Income paid by Colective Farms 751 704 636 613 614 769 1,261 Income from sale of farm products 442 439 447 465 649 704 1,475 TOTALTRANSFERRECEIfIS 1,213 1,294 1,362 1,687 1,727 2,513 6,911 Pensions and allowances 824 894 945 1,008 1,045 1,227 3,515 Scholarships 52 52 54 48 49 60 155 Icome from financial system 206 234 252 421 386 811 1,421 Other income 131 114 111 210 247 415 485 Adjustment a/ 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,335 TOTAL INCOME 6,722 6,866 6,968 7,534 8,073 9,748 18,735 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES 4,931 5,094 5,261 5,624 6,119 6,774 12,254 Retail trade purchases 4,394 4,522 4,657 4,961 5,421 6,068 11,258 Purchased services, of which: 538 572 604 664 698 706 996 Rent and utilities Communications Health & other services Cooperatives TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS 1,103 1,152 1,198 1,241 1,547 2,527 5,067 Taxes, fees, duties, others 603 634 670 710 740 848 1,016 Savings 440 460 483 491 739 1,534 3,913 Other 60 58 45 40 68 145 138 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 6,034 6,246 6,459 6,865 7,666 9,301 17,321 Income less expenditure 688 620 509 669 406 448 1,413 a. Compensation. Soumre: 1985-87from Gosplan; 1988-92firom Goskomsa. -65- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) .. . .. .......... ... ......... .. ...... . . .. . .. .. .. . . . ..... . . . . . . tSAS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ..E ..'........... Foteign 401 689 423 826 Interm pubhc 4,590 3,545 4,576 4,308 O1L AND GAS 1,663 758 1,941 1,337 Foreign 166 2 25S 2 Intermepublic 1,497 756 1,683 1,334 ELECTRIC ENERGY 61 35 70 25 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Inle mepublic 61 35 70 25 COAL '0 6 0 5 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 6 0 5 OTHIER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interepublic 0 0O FERROUS METALS 107 347 94 332 Foregn 4 106 10 65 Inlterrepublic 104 241 84 266 NONFERROUS METALS 176 140 136 168 Foreign 18 0 2 0 Interrepublic 158 140 134 168 =H-ZICALS AND PRODUCTS 453 391 432 492 Foreign 6 64 4 62 Intermepublic 447 328 427 430 MACHINE BU1LD]NG 1,145 1,402 1,064 1,427 Foreign 106 142 106 301 Interrepublic 1,039 1,260 958 1,126 W'OOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 12 82 9 100 F -oreign 0 76 0 16 Interrepublic 12 6 9 84 CONSTRUCTION MATERTALS 38 107 54 98 Foreign 0 3 0 4 lntermepublic 38 104 54 94 LIGHT lNDUSTRY 560 266 472 311 Foreign 82 94 29 103 Interrpublic 478 172 442 208 FOOD INDUSTRY 411 430 375 423 Foreign 11 151 10 177 lIntrrepublic 400 279 365 247 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 116 123 161 121 Foreign 0 3 0 3 Interrepublic 116 120 161 118 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 99 132 48 163 Foreign 2 105 1 92 Interrpublic 97 28 48 71 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 149 15 144 133 Foreign 6 0 3 0 Interrepublic 143 15 141 133 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 8 16 8 16 Interreublic 92 84 92 84 Sonrce: Goskomstat USSR. -66- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) .......,,,.,..... .....f.......... .. ... .- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............ . .. ... .. .. ........ TOTAL TRADE 7,123 5,190 6,430 5,752 Foreign 448 1,396 325 1,505 Interrepublic 6,675 3,794 6,105 4,247 OIL AND GAS 989 294 849 430 Foreign 103 2 102 2 lIntrrepublic 886 292 747 428 ELECTRIC ENERGY 40 23 46 16 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 40 23 46 16 COAL 0 6 0 5 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 6 0 5 OTHER ENERGY (PEAI) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 lntemrpublic 0 0O FERROUS MET'ALS 92 288 78 268 Foreign 3 82 7 49 interrepublie 89 206 71 219 NONFERROUS METALS 114 91 81 101 Foreign 12 0 1 0 Interrepublic 102 91 80 101 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 610 501 524 576 Foreign . 9 94 6 88 Interrep)ublie 601 407 518 488 MACHINE BUILDING 1,118 1,272 1,049 1,468 Foreign 106 167 112 349 Interrepublic 1,012 1,104 936 1,119 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 22 131 15 144 Foreign 0 32 0 26 Interrpublic 22 99 15 117 CnONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 46 123 63 108 Foreign 0 12 0 14 Inerrepublic . 46 111 63 94 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,652 983 1,427 1,111 Foreign 173 363 61 403 Intbrrepublie 1,479 620 1,366 708 FOOD INDUSTRY 1,859 1,052 1,779 932 Foreign 30 410 30 431 Interrepublic 1,828 642 1,749 501 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 116 130 254 200 Foreign 0 5 0 11 Interrepublie 116 125 254 189 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 321 280 137 277 Foreign 9 228 3 131 Interrepublie 313 52 134 146 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 145 14 128 118 Foreign 5 0 3 0 Inerepublie 141 14 125 117 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 6 27 5 26 Interrepublic 94 73957 Source: Goskomstat USSR. -67- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 . . .... . .j . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .... ........... ..................................................... . f. . . . R*.' - '-'" - ''""''' '..-,'. - ..'....' ............... 'B " ' =.=== Z *~~~~~~~~~~~. . R i. R :. ' R.'. "'.. ,...................... ..-- R: '. '- ,'''"A. Sa. *..... ... ... *.. . I. .. . s . ;......... . TOTAL 456 1,280 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 286 836 62.7 65.3 Austria 7 18 1.5 1.4 Belgium 9 5 2.0 0.4 Bulgaria 41 92 9.0 7.2 Great Britain 14 12 3.1 0.9 Hungary 27 60 5.9 4.7 Spain 5 4 1.1 0.3 Ital 11 54 2.4 4.2 Netherlands 9 10 2.0 0.8 Poland 26 140 5.7 10.9 Romania 16 30 3.5 23 Germany 49 172 10.7 13.4 Filand 10 39 22 3.0 France 12 22 2.6 1.7 Czechoslovakia 33 109 7.2 8.5 Switzedand .. 17 0.0 1.3 Yugodavia 11 37 2.4 2.9 Asia 72 262 15.9 20.5 Viet Nam 8 17 1.8 1.3 India 9 57 2.0 4.5 China 8 28 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 5 16 1.1 1.3 Mongolia 7 .. 1.5 0.0 Syrian Arab Republic 1 24 0.2 1.9 Turkey 5 12 1.1 0.9 Japan 11 53 2.4 4.1 Africa 6 6 1.3 0.5 America 31 131 6.9 10.2 Cuba 26 67 5.7 5.2 United States 4 39 0.9 3.0 Australia and Oceania 1 0 0.1 0.0 Note: RPbles are according to official exchange rates. Source: Goskomst SNG, Vneshnaa torgovlya suverennykh respubli ipriba hysh gosudaretv v 1990 g., 1992. -68- AZERBAUAN TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) ,,, ,., ;, ,., , , , , , ,, ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .., . ..... ........ ......... - - ......... ...;.;.;;,; TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 394 536 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 417 377 POL and othier energy -2,016 1 ,400 Internediate goods 1,174 1,457 Primarty goods 156 278 Manufactured goods 1,018 1,179 Capital goods 994 1,366 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 4,997 5,134 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 11 241 Other consumer goods includinag staitistical discrepancy 0 56 POL and other energy 263 3 Intermediate goods 60 235 Primary goods 2 12 Manufactured goods 58 223 Capital goods 87 291 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 423 826 INTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 383 295 Othier consumner goods including staitistical discrepancy 417 319 POL and other energy 1,753 1,397 Intermediate goods 1,114 1,222 P-rimary goods 154 266 Manufactured goods 960 956 Capital goods 908 1,075 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 4,574 4,308 Source: World Rank zt4ff eadiates b7ased on official repor2s. -69- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) TOTALREVBNUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS 3,100 3,160 3,453 3,716 4,130 4,867 7,199 Grants .. .. .. .. 225 .. Transfers from all union Budget 234 283 376 273 225 755 0 TOTAL REVENUE 2,865 2,877 3,077 3,443 3,680 4,112 7,199 Tax revenue 2,440 2,405 2,736 3,114 3,295 3,337 5,498 Profit taxes 1,149 1,106 1,100 975 940 761 1,519 Income tax 215 221 226 235 247 265 599 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes Value added tax 1,048 1,050 1,056 1,505 1,641 1,819 3,352 Customs duties Social security contributions 325 367 415 476 Other 27 28 29 32 51 16 28 Nontax revenue 426 472 341 329 386 775 1,701 TOTAL EXPENDITURE AND TRANSFERS 3,008 3,161 3,337 3,591 3,861 4,693 8,375 Transfers to all union Budget 39 61 127 212 90 138 0 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE 2,969 3,100 3,210 3,379 3,772 4,555 8,375 Current expenditure 2,969 3,100 3,210 3,379 3,772 4,555 8,375 Administration 41 39 38 39 43 67 311 Defense 309 Subsidies National economy 1,371 1,399 1,380 1,388 1,637 2,158 2,229 Foreign expenditure of which: external debt service Social-cultural expenditure 1,467 1,550 1,663 1,798 1,983 2,153 4,653 of which: social benefits Other 90 112 129 155 109 178 873 Capital expenditure Investment SURPLUS/DEFICIT (-) 92 0 116 125 269 174 -1,176 FINANCING Poregin (net) Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states Disbursement of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank Source: Budget Handbooks, various years; and MiF Economic Review, May 1992. -70- AZERBAUAN TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF pERIOD) *!w w ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ * t%8 1G. .$# 19$%* lS9 - L9 b " 10g NET FOREIGN ASSETS .. .. 7,435 9,786 17,040 Foreign assets b/ 7,435 9,786 17,040 Foreign liabilities NET DOMEBSTIC ASSETS .. .. 6,365 6,756 14,414 Credit to government (net) .. .. -414 -503 -1,038 Credit to stat. enterprises c/ .. 6,677 8,013 16,023 Credit to cooperative. Credit to households & other private sector Otber items (net) .. 102 -755 -571 BROAD MONEY .. .. 13,800 16,542 31,454 Money .. .. .. 10,453 11,603 18,535 Currency in circulation d/ 8,551 9,116 10,849 Demand deposits 1,902 2,487 7,686 Quasi money .. .. .. .. 3,347 4,939 12,920 Trme deposits e/ .. .. .. .. 3,347 4,939 12,920 Savings deposits Other deposits Forcign currency deposits a The banidng system iclides the ANB, andfour specialized banks (Sberbank, Agroprombank, Promstroibank, and uhilsousbank before liquldason). Coopereave and counercial banks and the Azerbaijan branch of she Vneshekonombank are not included b. Includes deposits whthe rest of thefinancial system. 7he.fina l system includes the banking system plus the commercial and cooperative banks, he Azerbaijan branch of the Vneshekonombank and other nonbankfinancial insituions (such as the state insurance companies); also includes cowuterpartfor curency in circulation. c. Indicates "credit to the economy". d ANB esimates of currency put into circulation by the republican braich of theformer USSR Gosbank minus mthdrawaLs of used currency notes. Actual currency In circulation would differ by the amount of cash in bank vaults and the netflow of currency in and out of Azerbaijan. e. Includes savings deposits. Source: IMF Economic Review, Apil 1992. -71- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~................................................... ... ...... . ........ ...-_ ALL I.DUSTRY, of which:.......... ................... .. FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY Eiectricity Fuel industry METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY FORESTRYJWOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS LIGHT INDUSTRY Textiles Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY Food processing Meat and dairy products Fish -72- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 1,720 12,465 12,926 13,366 13,460 12,612 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 1,735 1,795 1,833 1,812 1,690 1,571 Electricity 399 411 436 452 447 446 Fuel industry 1,336 1,384 1,397 1,370 1,243 1,125 METALLURGY 483 486 515 530 503 410 MACHINE BUILD1NG 1,959 2,132 2,304 2,403 2,441 2,274 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 199 212 215 218 219 209 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 834 848 868 855 836 712 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 373 386 406 386 366 333 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,472 2,493 2,493 2,472 2,521 2,237 Textilea Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY 4,600 3,702 3,852 4,375 4,756 4,618 Food processing.... .... ........ Meat and dairy products... .... . Fish .. .. . . ....... a. In 1982 prices. Source: D. Diamond, and G. Kirunko, "Synthedc Measures of Indusial Growth by Republic in the Former USSR;5 US Bureau of the Census, nerPfor intE Research, Washington, D. C., 1992; and Aze2a2an v 218kh, 1992. -73- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF KWH) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... . .. . . . .......... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... , . . .. . . . . .. . . ..... . . . .. ... PRODUCTION 20,702 21,542 22,909 23,572 Thermal. . .. Hydro .. .. .... Nuclear ... . .. .. IMPORTS 2,346 2,382 2,477 2,324 Int .r..public .. .. ... TOTAL SUPPLY 23,048 23,924 25,386 25,896 DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION 21,161 22,051 22,588 23,087 Indury nd conruction 10,096 10,351 10,278 10,346 Agriculture 3,099 3,195 3,257 3,370 Transport 1,495 1,558 1,569 1,649 Other sectors 3,374 3,568 3,687 3,892 Households Losses 3,097 3,379 3,797 3,830 EXPORTS 1,887 1,873 2,798 2,809 Interepublic TOTAL USES 23,048 23,924 25,386 25,896 Source: ANrhoz Azebayijan, 1988. -74- AZERBAUAN TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... ... ... .. .. . ....... .. ..... 19~$ 1~t69........... ............. ... 1 1.......... .... GROSS AG}RICULTURAL PRODUCTION . .... ......... ............. CROP PRODUCTION, of which: Grains Potatoes Vegetables Fruit(excluding grapes) Grapes Tobacco Cotton Sugarbeets Oilseeds LIVESTOCK PRODUCIION, of which: Livestclc, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and gosts Poultryr Mik Eggs AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 3,441 3,224 3,271 3,297 3,350 4,014 4,636 Crop production .. .. ..... ... Animal production .. .. .. .. .. .. Agricultural services .. .. ..... . .. a. Data for 1991 are estimates. Source: Table 2.3 -75- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 8 -', ....~~~~~~~... .... ..... .'., 8. ...... 8B8 '' :: . -. ... . ....... GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION .. . .. ..... CROP.PRODUCTION, of which:.............. Grains... .. . .. .. ..... Potatoes .. .. . .. ......- Vegetables .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Fraits(excluding grapes) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. G.rapes .. .. .. ............ Tobacco .. .............. .. Cotton .. ........ Sugarbeets .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Oilseeds . .. .. .......... .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Catte Pigs Sheep and goats Poultay Milk Eggs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES -MATERIAL 1NPUTS Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT Crop production Animal production Agricultural services Source: -76- AZERBAUAN TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 ... ,., , ,.,., -.,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... @rodatidoa a thowwands of toMr) Grain - cleanweight .. 1,024 1,073 1,356 832 1,364 1,303 'Wheat (winter) *-618 649 782 542 877 * (spring) Coarse grain Rye .. ...... . Corn ..74 54 70 24 18 22 Barey (winter) .. 310 348 474 250 443 .. (spring) -3 2 2 2 3 Oats .. 5 5 7 4 5 .. Millet .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Rice Flax .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. Oilseeds .. .. .. .. .. .. Surflowerseed .. .. . . .. .. .. Soybeans .. .. .. .. .. ..... Other - .. .. .. .. .. ..... Cotton (raw) 784 697 616 582 543 540 (fiber) .. .. .. .. .. ..... Sugatbeets .. .. .. .. .. ..... Potatoes .. 189 202 165 184 185 191 Pubses ..13 12 13 9 12 . Vegetables - ..p896 855 880 915 856 820 Fruit .. 1,942 1,242 1,807 1,6 1537 1,516 1,580 GArapes .. 1,539 1,448 1,250 1,057 1,196 1,152 Other .. 403 432 429 480 320 428 Corn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. Hay (ai'erage yield in ceatnen/ha) Grain .. 24.9 23.2 25.2 2 3.4 20.1 Wheat (winter) .. 25.0 24.3 25.7 22.8 23.9 (spring) Coarse grain Rye Comn .. 26.7 17.8 21.1 11.7 14.3 14.3 Barley (winter) *- 25.2 23.7 26.5 21.0 23.7 . (spring) 12.4 7.7 10.3 5.8 8.9 Oats .. 15.1 16.1 16.2 12.0 15.5 . Millet . .. .. .. Rice Flax Oilseeds Sunflowerseed Soybeans Other Cotton (raw) .. 26.1 23.0 20.6 20.8 20.6 22.0 (fiber) Sugarbeets Potatoes .. 79.0 87.0 70.0 83.0 78.0 86.0 PUIEOS 15.9 14.3 15.4 14.0 19.4 Vegetables .. 223.0 200.0 202.0 207.0 200.0 203.0 Fruit Grapes .. 73.9 82.6 73.2 65.1 76.5 . . Other .. 37.7 39.7 44.2 42.7 28.1 Corn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. Hay Source: World Bank Sara. -77- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAL PRICE INDICES, 1985-1992 < ,,~~. ................ .. .. .,,......... .... ..... .. . , -...... -:.... .... ...:.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... ...... ............... ... .. (19 = 100) WHIOLESALE PRICES .. .. .............. Industry ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .. .. ....... ....... Consoctdon .. . .. .......... Construction imports .. ... ........ Housing.. ... .. ... Investment goods . .. .. .. Agriculture .. .. .. .......... Agriculture imports Foreign trade .. .. .. .. ... Exports .. ..... ... .. .. .. Imports. ... ... ... ... . CONSUMER PRICES StIte and coop. puies. Food (excluding alcohol) Alcoholic beverages . .. .. .. Non-food products State prices . .. .. .. PAies of cooperatives. Pries on the ikolkrotz markets Overall prtce index (19_ = 100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES Iue ndu coo. pi Construcidon Construction import[s Investment goods ASgricature Agicoulture imports F-oreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Aroceures Non grocedies Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries (9s = 100) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MAR 92 APR 92 MAY92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Constuction inports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries -78- AZERBAIJAN TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ... ... ... .. . ......... - ..... ... ... . ... .... .... ... ... ..:: : : . - . ... : . .... . . . AVERAGE 163 162 165 171 179 195 280 MATERIAL SECTORS Industiy 182 184 188 197 209 219 370 Electricity .. .. . .. .. Fuel industy .. .. . .. .. .. ..... Me.allurgy... .. ..... ..... .. *.Machine building .. . .. .. ..... Chemicals. .. .. .. .. ...... Woodt processing and paper inustry Conatruction material Textile . .. .. .. Clothing .u.....g Leather apnd shoe industry Meat and dairy Fish Other food processing Construction 240 246 254 271 277 291 420 Agriculture a/ 159 142 133 134 140 164 227 Transport 175 177 180 191 202 216 290 Communications 132 135 136 143 161 175 295 Trade (retail and wholesale) 121 122 126 125 133 151 238 Other material production NONMATERIAL SECTORS Housing and comnmunal services 114 115 116 122 127 141 249 Science, research & development 170 173 177 195 224 247 357 Education 146 150 163 165 166 177 288 Culture 108 106 112 122 122 125 290 Arts 134 133 146 142 151 176 359 Health care, social security, sports 109 110 116 122 123 132 234 Banking, finance, credit, insurance 144 142 154 155 171 271 595 Government 147 153 157 162 182 259 370 a. Includesforesny. Source: World Bank data. -79- Belarus 1990 Population (millions): 10.3 Area (thous. sq. km.): 207.6 Neighboring countries: Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Latvia, Lithuania Capital city: Minsk (1.5 million) Titular nationality: Belarusian (78%) Language: Belarusian Natural resources: Agricultural land, potassium salts, peat Major agricultural products: Potatoes, barley, rye, flax, livestock Main industrial activities: Machine building, electronics, chemicals, light industry, prefabricated construction materials Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 40,100 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles):- 3,902 -81- BELARUS TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ... . . . . ..... .... ............... .. .. .. .... .. .. . .. .. ...... .. . ...... . . .. ... .... . ..... . ... ........ .. ... . TOTAL POPULATION (MID-YEAR) 9,975 10,043 10,111 10,170 10,229 10,278 .. Urban 6,214 6,337 6,461 6,580 6,700...... Rural 3,761 3,706 3,650 3,590 3,529 .. .. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 5,112 5,136 5,144 5,172 5,198 5,149 5,129 MATERIAL SECTOR 3,926 3,929 3,916 3,916 3,930 3,868 Industry 1,564 1,578 1,596 1,610 1,616 1,593 Construction 422 439 445 498 549 570 Agriculture a/ 1,182 1,148 1,111 1,075 1,042 985 Fore-try Transport Communication b/ 283 281 274 253 238 238 Trade and other material services 566 577 589 576 587 580 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 1,187 1,208 1,228 1,256 1,268 1,281 Housing and municipal services .. .. .. .. Science, research & development .. .. .. .. Education Culture and arts Health care, social security Banking, finance & credit institutions .. .. .. Government Other nonmaterial services a. Inclhdesforestry. b. Includes transport. Source: World Bank data. -82- BELARUS TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in OOOs with NRR+ 1 by 1995) i~~~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ..............h ...~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. . . ... .. . ..... ........ ........... ......................................... TOTAL M+F 9,975 10,278 10,545 10,811 11,290 11,702 12,097 MALES 0-4 410 410 384 381 397 395 389 5-9 393 409 409 383 387 399 390 10-14 364 392 409 408 379 396 394 15-19 349 363 391 407 382 386 398 20-24 343 347 360 388 405 377 394 25-29 424 340 344 357 402 378 382 30-34 411 420 337 341 383 400 373 35-39 354 406 415 334 352 397 374 40-44 254 348 400 410 334 377 395 4549 253 247 340 392 324 344 389 50-54 295 243 238 328 390 321 365 55-59 273 276 229 225 362 304 326 60-64 223 246 251 209 289 351 296 65-69 119 191 213 219 184 307 267 70-74 68 94 152 172 154 224 286 75+ 124 99 107 160 244 251 399 TOTAL 4,657 4,832 4,977 5,113 5,368 5,606 5,817 FEMALES 0-4 394 393 368 364 379 378 372 5-9 380 394 392 367 370 381 373 10-14 354 380 393 392 364 379 377 15-19 345 354 380 393 367 370 381 20-24 350 345 353 379 391 363 378 25-29 419 350 345 353 392 366 369 30-34 411 418 349 344 378 389 362 35-39 359 410 416 348 351 390 364 40-44 263 357 407 414 341 376 388 45-49 277 260 354 404 345 348 387 50-54 348 272 257 349 408 337 371 55-59 345 339 267 252 395 337 342 60-64 347 331 328 259 337 395 328 65-69 234 324 313 313 238 377 325 70-74 157 208 295 290 236 312 372 75+ 333 311 352 475 631 599 789 TOTAL 5,318 5,446 5,568 5,697 5,922 6,096 6,279 (averge annai rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 50.2 54 56 57 54.1 60.2 64.3 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 16.1 14.7 14.1 14 13.4 12.7 DEATH RATE 10.3 9.5 92 10 10 9.5 RATE OF NAT. INC. 0.58 0.51 0.5 0.4 0.35 0.32 NET MIGRATION RATE 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 0.6 0.51 0.5 0.4 0.35 0.32 TOTAL FERTILrrY 2.21 2.091 2.085 2.077 2.07 2.063 NRR 1.055 1 1 1 1 1 e(o) - BOTH SEXES 72.14 73.65 75.09 77.25 78.98 80.86 (15) - H SEES 58.59 59.95 61.23 63.14 64.67 66.33 BAR - BOTH SEXES 13.5 11.7 10 7.5 5.7 3.8 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.017 0.015 0.012 0.010 0.007 0.005 a. Rates areforfive years ending in specific year. Source: World Bank (PHRHN) projectons. -83- BELARUS TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) _ , .....................~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............ TOTALLA......... ..L.. . F ..... . . .. Of workEng age ...... .. .. .. .. ........ U nder 16 .......... .. .. ..... .... Over wor ng a........... ...... TOTAL EMIPLOYED 5,112 5,136 5,144 5,172 5,95145,2 STATE SECTOR COOPERATIVES . Industry & cotruct.on.. Agriculture .. Collective Farm.s .. Otner 16 PRATE SECTOR S3ELF-EMPLOYED HOUSEHOLD SERVICES Source: World Bank data. -84- BELARUS TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 _~~ ~~ .... .. .. .. _.v. ... . .. . . .. . . .. . .- -..-.. TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUSANDS) 5,112 5,136 5,144 5,172 5,198 5,149 5,129 MATERIAL SE.CIOR 76.8 76.5 76.1 75.7 75.6 75.1 Industry 30.6 30.7 31.0 31.1 31.1 30.9 Consttuction 8.2 8.5 8.6 9.6 10.6 11.1 Agriculture 23.1 22.3 21.6 20.8 20.0 19.1 Forestgry ... . . . .. Transport .. .. .. Communication 5.5 5.5 5.3 4.9 4.6 4.6 Trade and othier material services 11.1 11.2 11.5 11.1 11.3 11.3 NONMATEEUAL SECTOR 23.2 23.5 23.9 24.3 24.4 24.9 House and municiple services.. ..... Science, research and development .. .. ....... Education .. .. ........... Culture and arts .. .. .. .. ..... Health care, social security .......... ... .. anking, finance, and credit institutions .. .. .. .... .. Government .. .. .. .. .. .. Other nonmaterial services .. .. .. .. .. .. Source: Table 1.1. -85- BELARUS TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 g S0 . ' ,£.,: gS g g' . . SWiggS'. gSS , X> ..................... .......................... . . ..I ......... .... '" '' sgs s gSg-g:x. isS :Sgg .g (mlieons of curent ubkes) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Other material services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product .. .. 40,100 71,600 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY a/ Consumption .. .. .. .. 25,800 48,300 Private consumption .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. Gross domestic investment .. .. .. .. .. 13,500 21,700 Gross fixed investment .. .. .. 11,200 16,300 Increase in stocks .. .. .. .. .. 2,300 5,400 Resource balance .. .. 800 -700 (percentage share of GDP) BY INDUSTRLAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Other nuterial services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation .. Gross domestic product .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY a/ Consumption .. .. .. .. .. 64.3 67.5 Private consumption .. .. .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. Gross domestic investment .. .. .. .. .. 33.7 30.3 Gross fixed investment .. .. .. .. .. 27.9 22.8 Increase in stocks .. .. .. 5.7 7.5 Resource balance .. .. .. .. .. -2.0 -9.8 a. Excludes sta4stical discrepancies. Source: World Bank data. -86- BELARUS TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 .N.x. - . - ..... .......~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~........ ; § .: . ' . : : . . ..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....... (mlsu of cotam 19_ rubls) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agricuiture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construcion Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial sewvices Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Governmn consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance (percentage growlh) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nomateril services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domesdc investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks -87- BELARUS TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (millon, of cwrrent robins) NET MATERlAL PRODUCT ...28,017 52,300 BY ORIGIN Industry .. ... .. ..12,333 26.847 Consbulctionl .. .. .. .. . . 3,293 6,409 Agriculture a/ .. . .. 8,206 12,120 Forestry .. .. .. .. Transport & communications .. .. .. .. ...1,423 1,767 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. *. 1,SS2 2,674 Material technical supply . Other Material services 1,210 2,483 BY FINAL USE Consumption 21,287 40,558 Private Consumuption ... .. . 20,791 39,540 Govt Consurption 8496 1,018 Investment (aconuulation) 1 7,242 13,042 Fixed Capital ... .. . 3,810 7,134 Other adecatering3,432 2,908 Losses ... .. .259 500 Net exports ... ... -771 -1,800 Ex;pors ... .. . 18,995 38,265 IMports tel-19,766 40,065 aS peracntage of net t 1erbil product) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT ... .. . 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry ... .. .44.0 Sl13 Constucption 211.8 124 3 Agriculture a/ Consumpti029.3 23.2 Forestry Transport ommunications o65.1 3 Trade & catering (acumuatin)2 5.5 5.1 Material technical supply 0 70.0 Other rnaterial services 4.3 4.7 BY FINAL USE Consumnption ... .. .76.0 77.5 Private consumption *.. ...74.2 75.6 Government consumption ... .. .1.8 1.9 Investmnent (accumulation) ... .. .25.8 24.9 Fixed Capital ... .. .13.6 13.6 Other ... .. .12.2 11.3 Losses 509 1.0 Net expors -2.8 -3.4 Exports ... 67.8 73.2 Imports -70.6 -76.6 a. Includer forest5y. SoTrac: World Banic data. -88- BELARUS TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (ml on: of constan 1990 rubles) NEI- MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. ..... .. 28,017 27,162 BY ORIGIN Industry exeluding construction .. ...... 12,333 12,148 Construction .. . .... .. .. 3,293 3,237 Agriculture l ... . . . ... .. 8,206 7,629 Porestry .. .. .. .. .. ..... Transport&communi-ations .. .. .. .....1,423 1,346 Trade&terbnng .. .. ....... 1,552 1,545 Material technical supply .. .. .. .. .. ..... Other material services b/h...... .. .. 1,210 1,257 BY FINAL USE Consumption 3. 21,287 21,500 Private consumption .. .. 20,791 20,980 Tovernment consumptions .. .. . 496 520 Invesment (ae ulation) .. .. .. .. .. 7,242 6,458 Ftied capital .. .. .. .. .. 3,810 3,884 Odhers .. .. .. .. .. 3,432 2,574 Losses ut.. .. 259 250 Net exports .. .. .. .. .. -771 -1,046 Etxports .. .. .. .. .. 18,995 18,501 Imports ...*. .. .. -19,766 -19,547 P eerceapnge growt2) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. .. .. .. .. -3.1 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. .. .. .. .. .. -1.5 Construection .. .. .. .. .. .. -1.7 Agriculture a/ .. .. .. .. .. .. -7.0 Forestry .. 2. Transport & communications .. .. .. .. .. .. -5.4 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. .. .. -0.5 Material technical supply gr.... Other maTErial services bl .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.9 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.0 Privabt consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.9 Govera nent consumnption .. .. .. .. .. .. 4.8 InveTdment (aecumulaon) .. .. .. .. .. .. -10.8 Fixed eapital .. .. .. .. .. .. 1.9 Others .. .. .. .. .. .. -25.0 Losses .. .. .. .. .. .. -3.5 Exports .. .. .. .. .. .. -2.6 a. Inclds frestry. b. Incltdes satcal discrepancy. SoFre: Worldakda. -89- BELARUS TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMiP IMPLICIT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 W. ......,...,.,.,..,..,(=0 BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Tansport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDrrURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Oovernment consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks 01990=100) NET MATERLAL PRODUCT .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 192.5 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 221.0 Construction .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 198.0 Agriculture a/ .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 158.9 Forestry .. .. .. .. Transport & communications .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 131.3 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 173.1 Material technical supply Other material services .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 197.5 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 188.6 Private consumption .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 18.5 Government consumption .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 195.8 Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 202.0 Fixed capital .. .. .. .. .. 52.6 110.5 Other .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 229.5 Exports .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 206.8 imports .. .. .. .. .. 100.0 205.0 a. Inchidesforestry. Source: Tablks 2.1 - 2.4. -90- BELARUS TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 . ..................................... ....... ... . ..... ... ... ... .. ........ ......-- . ..i . . ;.; .................;- .. ,,., , , , , , , ,~~~~~~~~~~~. . . , ., j.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 198 i 198 198E9 E 1-90 1991 (mal on, of n*bles) TOTAL, MATERIUAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industiy Construction Other in Maternal Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other (as percentage of totlt) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMZATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture .Forestry Industry Conastruction Otber in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. ..... Housg .. ........ Other .. .. .. .. .. .. .. -91 - BELARUS TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1981-91 :::: '..: I ..... ::s B - -- - ... R: S ...S::::::: .S ....: .....:::::S: .... R:::.:::-.:. 5 s . ,, ,,,,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. _... ........... ..... ,.... . ........ ..j ..B B B - : R SS :SS . .....:...B. . . . (mlkxON of const&* 1984 tbla) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 10,176 15,350 14,110 MATERIAL SPHERE 6,889 10,199 9,180 Agriculture a/ 2,373 .. 4,429 4,097 Forestry Industry 3,203 .. 3,741 3,138 Construction 312 .. .. 485 466 Other in Material Sphere 794 1,131 1,072 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 3,287 .. .. .. .. 5,151 4,930 Housing 2,050 .. .. .. .. 3,013 3,084 Other 1,237 .. .. .. .. 2,138 1,846 (pawr aga growth) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL ...1 MATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. .. .. .. -10.0 Agriculture a/ .. .. .. .. .. .. -7.5 Porestry Industry .. .. .. .. .. .. -16.1 Construction .. .. .. .. .. .. -3.9 Other in Materal Sphere .. .. .. .. .. .. -5.2 NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. .. .. -4.3 Housing .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.4 Other .. .. .. .. .. .. -13.7 a. Includesforestry. Source: World Bank datn. -92- BELARUS TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) 0, W f0},o\O WE ~~~~~............ ,,....... .. . i.., INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME 13,370 14,612 16,442 19,171 Regular wages 10,634 11,662 12,914 14,814 Wages paid by co-ops 78 427 658 Other wages & compensations 300 356 412 529 Income paid by collective farms 1,515 1,575 1,666 1,866 Incomefromsaleoffarmproducts 921 941 1,023 1,304 TOTAL TRANSFER RECEIPTS 3,545 3,967 4,320 5,273 Pensions and allowances 2,300 2,508 2,697 3,482 Scholarships 101 105 105 117 Income from financial system 599 728 811 1,087 Other incomen 545 626 707 587 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME 16,915 18,579 20,762 24,444 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES 14,413 15,399 16,958 20,196 Retail trade purchases 13,021 13,818 15,267 18,386 Purchased services, of which: . 1,392 1,581 1,691 1,810 Rent and utilities 395 423 436 439 Communications 128 146 162 183 Health & other services 24 27 27 32 Cooperatives 2 38 56 69 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS 2,986 3,652 4,176 4,422 Taxes, fees, duties, others 1,792 2,013 2,351 2,758 Savings 1,163 1,581 1,825 1,664 Other 31 58 0 0 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 17,399 19,051 21,134 24,618 Income less expenditure -484 -472 -372 -174 Source: Goskomtt. -93- BELARUS TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) Foreign 2,203 2,871 2,010 3,073 Inberrepublic 16,547 17,359 16,043 17,259 OIL AND GAS 2,555 5,250 3,336 5,402 Foreign 304 4 567 6 Interrepublic 2,252 5,246 2,768 5,396 ELECIRICBENERGY 83 222 62 231 Foreign 32 0 0 0 Interrepublic 50 222 62 231 COAL 0 73 0 59 Foreign 0 22 0 21 Interrepublic 0 51 0 38 OTENR ENERGY (PAl) 1 1 0 1 Foreig 1 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 1 0 1 FERROUS METALS .223 1,556 249 1,642 Foreign 22 82 24 73 hnerepublic 201 1,475 225 1,569 INONFERROUS METALS 114 641 136 687 Foreign 1 8 6 2 Interrepublic 113 633 131 685 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCIS 2,082 1,779 2,001 1,935 FXoreign 364 328 247 320 Interrepublic 1,718 1,451 1,754 1,615 MACHINE BUILDING .10,644 7,571 9,469 7,191 Foreign 1,256 1,395 970 1,576 Interrepublic 9,388 6,176 8,498 5,615 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 316 341 326 359 Foreign 30 55 27 4 lIterrepublic 285 286 299 311 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 224 268 260 199 Foreign 10 16 7 15 Interrepublic 214 252 253 184 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,020 746 1,042 787 Foreign 46 267 52 300 Interrepublic 974 479 990 488 FOOD LNDUSTRY 799 804 499 736 Foreign 19 372 20 363 lIntrrepublic 781 433 479 372 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 337 272 322 242 Foreign 102 10 83 32 Inerrepublic 235 262 240 210 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 99 471 108 532 Foreign 7 312 3 315 lInerepublic 92 159 105 216 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 255 234 244 330) Foreign 12 3 5 2 lIterrepublic 243 232 238 328 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Shareof toalexors &impors Foreign 12 14 11 15 Interrpublic 88 86 89 85 Source: Goskomsrar USSR. -94- BELARUS TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-9 (MIL. OF CURR. RUB.) * , /. , - ..... ,:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... .... .......~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............................ ............. .. ... .... .............. xx .. ............... ........... .. .. . . . ............ . . ... ....... .... .......... ... .......... TOTAL TRADE 20,302 19,348 18,995 19,766 Foreign 1,991 4,513 1,770 4,925 lntrempublic 18,310 14,834 17,224 14,841 OIL AND GAS 1,498 1,850 1,445 1,702 Foreign 187 4 241 5 Intorreublic 1,311 1,846 1,204 1,697 ELECTIIC ENERGY 55 147 42 154 Foreign 21 0 0 0 Interrepublic 33 147 42 154 COAL 0 70 0 55 Foreign 0 14 0 15 hInt emepub lic 0 56 0 40 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 1 1 1 1 Foreign 1 0 1 0 Interrpublic 0 1 0 1 FERROUS METALS 190 1,372 207 1,387 Foreign 18 62 18 54 Interrepublic 172 1,309 189 1,333 NIONFERROUS MEIALS 74 423 82 413 Foreign 1 12 4 2 Interrepublic 73 411 78 410 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 2,649 2,455 2,419 2,429 Foreign 422 467 291 448 Intbrrepublic 2,227 1,987 2,128 1,980 MACHINE BUILDING 8,871 6,572 8,743 6,930 foreign 978 1,599 887 1,885 Interrepublic 7,893 4,972 7,856 5,045 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 508 480 486 481 Foreign 53 84 44 74 Interrpublic 455 397 442 408 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 246 283 298 205 Foreign 11 26 8 28 Interrepublic 236 258 290 177 LICHT INDUSTRY 3,679 2,606 3,389 2,715 Foreign 111 1,059 119 1,163 lntemrpublic 3,568 1,547 3,270 1,552 FOOD INDUSTRY 1,610 1,699 1,027 1,523 Foreign 43 557 44 614 Interrepublic 1,568 1,143 984 909 OTHER ]NDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 395 293 398 463 Foreign 118 19 99 104 Intertepublic 277 274 299 359 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 283 892 239 999 Foreign 20 608 11 531 Interrepublic 263 283 228 468 OlTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 243 205 220 309 Foreign 9 3 6 3 Intermpublic 234 202 214 306 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of totall exports & importa Foreign 10 23 9 25 Intereublic 90 77 91 75 Soursc: Goslkomnat USSR. -95- BELARUS TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 .... ) >2.2 ,.,., . .. , ., . . . .. a. . .. .,. . .. . ... . . . .. . .. . . ....~msq a ,u e R s, , ,., , , ,f,, , , , , , , , , , , , ,,., , ,. ... ... ... .. ...... .... . TOTAL 2,515 3,296 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 1,814 3,727 72.1 113.1 Austria 21 65 0.8 2.0 Belgium 38 13 1.5 0.4 Bulgarna 240 427 9.5 13.0 Great Britain 77 28 3.1 0.8 Hungary 164 310 6.5 9.4 Spain 28 6 1.1 0.2 Italy 87 35 3.5 1.1 Netherlands 66 23 2.6 0.7 Poland 202 830 8.0 25.2 Romania 98 159 3.9 4.8 Germany -293 893 11.7 27.1 Finiland 74 149 2.9 4.5 France 68 44 2.7 1.3 C2zechoslovakia 220 486 8.7 14.7 Switzerland 9 52 0.4 1.6 Yugoslavia 76 125 3.0 3.8 Asia 378 493 15.0 15.0 Vilet N1am 46 48 1.8 1.5 India 50 111 2.0 3.4 China 47 86 1.9 2.7 K.orea, Democratic People's Republic S6 29 2.2 0.9 Mfongolia 41 25 1.6 0.8 Syrian Arab Republic 4 27 0.2 0.8 Turkey 26 15 1.0 0.5 Japan 54 107 2.1 3.2 A^frica 47 40 1.9 1.2 Amnerica 183 594 7.3 18.0 Cuba 141 283 5.6 8.6 United States 23 211 0.9 6.4 Australia and Oceania 2 31 0.1 0.9 Note: Data for unports are as tey appear in the source. See technical notes for explanation. Source: Goskomsta SNG, Vneshnyaya torgovlya suvremrk respublil; i prialyskikh gosudarstv v 1990g8., 1992. -96- BELARUS TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 199 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 561 1,045 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 1,256 880 POL and other energy 3,409 5,810 Intermediate goods 3,757 5,683 Primary goods 426 1,166 Manufactured goods 3,331 4,516 Capital goods 9,069 6,913 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 18,052 20,331 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 24 574 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 100 199 POL and other energy 578 27 Intermediate goods 396 766 Primary goods 22 84 Manufactured goods 374 682 Capital goods 912 1,508 T'OTAL MERCHANDISE 2,010 3,073 INTRAREUBLIC TRADE AT- FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 537 471 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 1,156 681 POL and other energy 2,831 5,783 Intermediate goods 3,361 4,917 Primary goods 404 1,083 Manufactured goods 2,957 3,834 Capital goods -8,157 5,406 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 16,042 17,258 Source: World Banlk staff estimates bwased on official reports. -97- BELARUS TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) TOTAL REVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS .. .. .. .. .. 15,300 30,700 Grants .. .. .. ... .. ... Transfers from all union Budget .. .. .. .. .. 1,300 5,000 TOTAL REVENUE .. ........... 13,800 25,700 Tax revenue .. .. . .. .. 12,200 21,300 Profit taxes.. . .. .. .. 3,600 6,400 Income tax .. . .. . 900 2,400 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes . . . .. 6,200 7,700 Value-added tax ...... Customs duties sl .. .. .. .. ...... Social security contributions .. . ... .. 1,300 2,100 Other bl/. ... .. .. 200 2,300 Nontax Revenue .... .. .. 1,600 4,400 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE AND TRANSFERS .. 13,900 29,100 Transfers to all union Budget .. ..... TOTAL EXPENDlTURE 13,900 29,100 Current expenditure .. .. .. .. 12,100 29,100 Administration cl .. .. .. 75700 D}efense . .. .. .. Subsidies . .. .. .. 4,100 National economy d/ ..n..b..o...0.. 11,900 Foreign expenditure e/ 100 of which: external debt service . .. .. .. Social culturalexpenditure .. 4,400 8,000 of which: social benefits . TOTher flX.. .. .. 3,100 8,400 Capital expenditure .. 1,800 .. investment .. .. 1,800 SNPLUSaDEFICT (-) .... .. 1,400 1,600 FINANCING . .. .. .. Foreign (net) .. .. .. .. Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states Disbursement of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank a. includes tax onforeign transactions in 1991. b. Includes statistical discrepancy in 1991. c. Includes operating expenses in 1990. d. All other expenditures including capital expenditures. e. Possibly domestic debt service. f Includes statisical discrepancy in 1990 and 'Reserve * and -Chernobyl 'flids in 1991. Somrce: JMF Economic Review, April 1992. -98- BELARUS TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MELLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) .i......... NEr FOREIGN ASSETS 14,900 16,400 16,400 Foreign assets a/ 14,900 16,400 16,400 Foreign Liabilities NEr DOMESTIC ASSETS 10,830 14,751 37,811 Credit to government (net) 3,790 5,282 13,446 eredit to state enterprises bi 10,623 9,994 22,613 Credit to cooperatives Credit to households & other private sector cl 780 886 1,034 Other iteMS (net) -4,363 -1,411 718 BROAD MONEY 25,730 31,151 54,211 Money 18,725 21,262 35,985 Currency in circulation 3,124 3,270 5,100 Demand deposits 15,601 17,992 30,8S5 Quasi money 7,005 9,889 18,226 Time deposits 6,775 8,786 16,940 Savings deposits Other deposits 230 1,103 1,286 Foreign currency deposits a. Caims on Sberbatk - USSR enterpises which are provisionaL b. Indicates 'crdit so enteprises. c. Refers to 'credit to populaion. Soume: lPF Economic Revew, Apil 1992. -99- BELARUS TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRLAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~., -... .. ... ..-. .. .. . ... .. . ,,. .......... ... . , .... .......... ..... ... ...... ALL INDUSTRY, of which:... .. .. .. .. ... FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY Electricity Fuel industiy METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCIION MATERIALS LIGHT INDUSTRY Textiles ClIothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY Food processing Meat and dairy products Fish -100- BELARUS TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a! ~~~~~~~~~~~~. . ... :...... .. .... ......................... :....................... ............ . ...... . :.................. ... .. .. .............. . .................. .................................................................... ~~~~~~. . ..... . .......... . ...... . ........ .. ..... ... .. . . ..... ...... ................. AL;L INIDUSTRY, of which: 32,194 38,962 40,754 41,610 40,986 E UEL ENSERGY INSDUSllRY Elec.ricity 873 984 977 1,007 1,010 Fuel industry 1,764 1,904 1,934 1,889 1,813 MdETALULURGY MACHINEE BUnLLDING 10,406 13,418 14,406 14,881 15,461 PUnLP AdND PAPE3R INDUSllRY CHECE2ICAUL INDUSTRY 2,912 3,637 3,745 3,742 3,461 FORuel RYIWOOD PRODUCTS 1,453 1,716 1,778 1,821 1,898 CONSlRUCTION AMTERIALS 1,180 1,412 1,487 1,509 1,593 LIGHT INDUSTRY 6,387 7,085 7,297 7,319 7,238 Textiles Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY 4,999 5,713 5,934 6,039 5,697 Food procasing Meat and dairy products Fish a. In 1982 prices. Source: World Bank data. -101- BELARUS TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTMON, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF KWH) ~~~~,,,,,,....,. ..... .............. ................ .................. ,. .............. . . . . PRODUCTION .. .. . .. Thermal .. .......... .. Hydro. .. ......... . Nuclear. .. ...... .. .. .. IMPORTS berrepublic TOTAL SUPPLY DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION Industry and construction Agriculture Transport Other sectors Households Losses EXPORTS Interrepublic TOTAL USES -102- BELARUS TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . , , --. . . . .. I . . . .. . . . . . . .. .. . .. .,00 ~~~~~~~~~~~~........ .. .. ;v ........ ... ij. j... .... .. ... ...... ....... .ji. ................ ... . ......... iij............ ..... . GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ............. .. .. CROP PRODUCTION, of which: Grains Potatoes Vegetables Fruit(excluding grapes) Grapes Tobacco Cotton Sugarbeets Oilseeds LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and goats Poultry Milk Eggs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERLAL INPUTS Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NETMATERIALPRODUCT b/ .. .. .. .. .. 8,206 12,120 Crop production Animal production Agricultural services a. Data for 1991 are esdmates. b. Includesforestry. Source: Table 2.3. -103- BELARUS TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MELLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 12,008 12,839 12,852 11,919 12,977 11,847 11,475 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 5,108 5,744 5,538 4,393 5,460 4,378 4,567 Grains 482 800 1,049 783 956 923 .. Potatoes 1,119 2,565 2,248 1,474 2,122 1,642 . Vegetables 132 261 260 269 241 216 . Pr.its(.xcluding grapes) . . . .... Grapes .. .. .. .. .. ..... Tobacco .. .. .............. Coton .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Sugarbeets 50 83 76 81 93 76.. Oilsees ...d- . .. . .. .. . LIVESTOKPRODUCTION, of which: 6,900 7,095 7,314 7,526 7,517 7,469 6,908 Livestock, of which: 2,295 3,464 3,562 3,655 3,626 3,572 . Cattle .. .. ..... .. ..... Pigs . . . . . . .. Sheep and goats .. .. ..... .. ..... Poultr .... .. .. -- .. .. M . Milk 1,377 2,774 2,874 2,956 2,940 2,955 Eggs 309 326 335 342 350 350 egool 6 11 11 11 9 8 AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS . .. .. .. Crop production .Animal production . .. .. .. Agricultural services NET MATERCLK PRODUCT a/ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Crop production .. .. ........ Animal production .. .. .. .. . .. Agricultural services . .. .. .. a. IncPeul frestry. Soorce: 6SSR S,tical Yearboo 1990 (p. 211). -104- BELARUS TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 , , , , ,~~~~~~~.,. ,... .,,..... ... ... - O7roductlion in thousands of tons) Grain - cleanweight .. 6,050 7,804 5,906 7,384 7,035 6,300 Wheat (winter) .. 265 350 280 376 353 .. (spring) 98 81 43 43 28 Coarse grain Rye .. 1,951 2,602 1,998 2,635 2,652 .. Corn .. .. .. ..... Barley (winter) . .............. .. (spring) 2,595 3,304 2,480 2,976 2,906 Oats . 828 984 714 915 806 .. Millet .. .. .. .. . Uice Flax ..94 126 85 87 52 . Oilseeds .. ..... -. . .. Sunflowerseed... .. .. .. .. .. .. Soybeans in ..us.nd . .. ..n.. Other . .. .. .. Cotton (raw) (fiber) Sugarbeets .. 1,609 1,485 1,579 1,810 1,479 1,160 Potatoes .. 13,414 11,755 7,708 11,097 8,591 8,872 Pulses .. 297 460 356 346 252. eetables 893 868 809 894 749 911 Fruit .. 833 180 261 704 373 324 Girapes . .. .. .. Olher .. 833 180 261 704 373 324 Corn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. Hay . .. .. .. (average yie6l in ceniners/ha) Grain .. 21.7 28.5 22.0 27.4 26.6 24.2 Wbeat (winter) .. 26.2 32.3 22.2 30.8 28.3 (spring) 19.5 26.2 19.5 21.4 18.7 Coarse grain .Rye .. 21.7 27.0 22.6 22.4 28.9 . Corn . .. .. .. Barley (winter) (spring) 25.0 34.2 24.8 29.0 28.2 Oats .. 20.2 26.1 19.2 24.9 22.4 Millet Rice Flax .. 4.8 6.1 4.4 5.0 3.5 .. Oilseeds . greench .. Sunflowerseed .. i. c. .e..l.a. Soybeans . .. .. .. Other . .. .. .. Cotton (raw) -. .. .. .. (Siber) . .. .. .. Sugarbeets .. 302.0 279.0 303.0 355.0 320.0 259.0 Potatoes .. 192.0 172.0 117.0 169.0 135.0 137.0 Pulses .. 11.4 17.8 14.4 15.8 14.6 Vegetables .. 187.0 185.0 174.0 195.0 178.0 174.0 Fruit Grapes .. 56.0 59.8 46.2 53.9 57.4 Other .. 66.2 14.6 21.6 59.4 31.9 Corn (silage + greendop) .. .. .. ... Hay . .. .. .. Source: World Bankn dsa. -105- BELARUS TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 * ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . .. . .S -S-SS ...... S SSS S : R S: R RSR....... R . . . ... *~~~~~~~~~~.... .. . . .. .. ...... . . .... . RRSSR'S.... . SRS ..R.R.R (19_ = 100) WHOLESALE PRICES Industy Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agricuhure. Agrculture imports Foreign trade Exports imports CONSUME PRICES State and coopertive prices Pood (excluding alcohol) Alcoholic beverages Non-food products State prices Prices of cooperatives Prices on the 'kolkhoz markets' Overall price index (19 =109o) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction inports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imorts CONSUMR PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries (19 =109) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MAR 92 APR 92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing lnvestment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries -106- BELARUS TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) AVERAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. ..~~.............. AVERAGE MATERLAL SECTORS Industty Electricity Fuel iustry Metallurgy Machine building Chomicals Wood processing and paper industry Condruction material Textile Clothing Leather and shoe industry Meat and dairy Fish Other food processing Construction Agriculture Transport Communications Trade (retail and wholesale) Other material production NONMATERIAL SECrORS Housing and communal services Science, rearh & development Education Culture Arts Health care, social secrity, sports Banking, finance, credit, insurance Govermentm -107- Estonia 1990 Population (millions): 1.6 Area (thous. sq. km): 45.2 Neighboring countries: Russia, Latvia Capital city: Tallinn (0.5 million) Titular nationality: Estonian (62%) Language: Estonian Natural resources: Timber, oil shale, limestone Major agricultural products: Grains, potatoes, vegetables, livestock Main industrial activities: Fish and fish products, textiles, furniture Currency: Kroon 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 7,977 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 5,039 -109- ESTONIA TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) TOTAL POPULATION vfDYEAR) 1,332 1,543 1,554 1,565 1,576 1,583 . Urban .. .. ..... .. 1,140 .. RUMaI .. .. 443 .. TAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERA..) 811 820 818 818 812 796 . MATERIAL SECTOR 590 596 593 591 583 568 .. Industry 273 274 271 270 263 259... Construction 71 73 75 78 81 79 . Agriculture 100 101 99 96 97 95 . Forery 8 8 8 8 8 7 .. Transport a! 51 50 50 48 44 44 . Communication .. .. ..... ..... .. Tradesnd othernasteial serviees 88 90 91 90 89 85 . NONMATERIAL SECTOR 221 224 225 228 229 228 . Housing and municipal services 35 36 35 38 37 35 . Science, researchx & development 18 18 18 18 19 18 . Education ..... .. . .. . .. Culture and arts . .. .. .. Health care, social secudity 47 47 47 46 50 49 . Bankring, finance & crdit institutions 4 4 4 4 4 4 * Government 18 19 19 19 17 17 .. Othernonmaterial services 27 26 26 25 24 245 a. lncludes communicatons. . Incltdes education, culture and as, and spor. Source: World Bank dana -1 10- ESTONIA TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 0Os with NRR+ Iby 1995) TOTAL M+ 1,532 1,583 1,633 1,669 1,739 1,798 1,851 MALES 0-4 61 61 59 59 61 61 60 5-9 58 62 61 59 60 61 60 10-14 55 59 62 61 59 61 60 15-19 58 56 59 62 59 60 61 20-24 52 59 57 59 61 59 60 25-29 59 54 60 56 61 58 59 30-34 59 60 54 59 58 60 SS 35-39 55 59 60 54 55 60 58 40-44 44 54 58 59 58 57 59 45-49 45 43 53 57 52 54 59 50-54 45 43 41 51 56 55 55 55-59 41 41 40 39 53 49 51 60-64 -33 36 37 37 45 50 51 65-69 19 27 31 32 32 44 42 70-74 13 15 21 25 26 34 40 75+ 20 18 18 23 34 40 58 TOTAL 716 747 774 792 829 862 892 FEMALES 0-4 59 58 57 57 58 58 57 5-9 56 60 59 57 57 58 57 10-14 53 56 60 59 57 58 58 15-19 52 55 57 60 57 57 51 20-24 50 54 56 57 59 56 58 25-29 58 52 56 56 60 56 57 30-34 60 60 53 55 57 59 56 35-39 57 61 60 53 56 60 56 40-44 48 57 61 60 55 57 58 45-49 50 47 57 60 52 55 59 50-54 52 49 47 56 59 54 56 55-59 51 50 48 46 59 51 54 60-64 50 48 48 46 54 57 53 65-69 38 46 45 46 43 56 49 70-74 27 33 41 41 41 49 53 75+ 57 50 53 67 87 94 119 TOTAL 816 837 859 876 910 936 960 (average annmal rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 50.8 52.4 53.5 54.1 54.6 59.9 62.9 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 05-10 2015-20 2025-30 B]RTH RATE 15.4 14.5 14.2 14 13.4 12.8 DEATH RATE 12.3 10.8 9.9 10.1 10.2 10 RATE OFNAT.INC. 0.3 0.37 0.43 0.39 0.32 0.28 NE2 MIGRATION RATE 3.6 2.5 0 0 0 0 GROW3 H RATE 0.66 0.62 0.43 0.39 0.32 0.28 TOTAL FERTILiTY 2.2 2.096 2.09 2.08 2.073 2.065 NRR 1.047 1 1 1 1 1 0) -4BOTH SEXES 69.89 71.9 73.74 76.28 78.14 80.18 4159- BOHSEXES 56.45 58.33 60.01 62.27 63.9 65.7 50R- BOTH SEXES 15 13.3 11.4 8.5 6.4 4.2 q(6)- BOTHSEXES 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.008 0.006 a. Rates are forfive years ending in specific year. Source: World Bankc (PHRHFN) projections. -1 11- ESTONIA TABLE 1.3: EMNPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ... . ..... .... . ...... .......... .....~~~~~~.. .: : TOTAL LABOR FORCE Of working age Under 16 Over working age TOTAL EMPLOYED 811 820 818 818 812 796 STATE SECTOR COOPERATIVES Industry & construction Agriculture Collective Farms Other PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED HOUSEHOLD SERVICES Source: World Bank data. -1 12- ESTONIA TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 , -. , -- - . - .....~~~~~.............. . -.............. , .,..-. ....~~~~~~~~~......... ............. ................. ...... .......... ........ . ........ ........ . .... .. ..... . ...... .. ............. . TOTAL EMPLOYED (rHOUSANDS) 811 820 818 818 812 796 MATERIAL SECTOR 72.7 72.7 72.5 72.2 71.8 71.4 Indut 33.7 33.5 332 33.0 32.4 32.6 Construction 8.7 8.9 9.1 9.5 10.0 9.9 Agriculture 12.3 12.4 12.1 11.7 12.0 11.9 Foretry 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 Transport 6.3 6.1 6.1 5.9 5.5 5.5 Comnunication Trade and other material services 10.8 10.9 11.1 11.0 11.0 10.6 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 27.3 27.3 27.5 27.8 28.2 28.6 House and municiple services 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.5 Science, research and development 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 Education Culture and arts Health care, social security 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.6 6.1 6.2 Banking, finance, and credit instutions 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Government 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 Other nonmaterial services 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.1 Source: Table 1.1. -113- ESTONIA TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOM[ESTIC PIRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-.91 ... ............. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ **...**~ . . * ..*. ...** ** .........................cu ren ru les BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN~~~~~~~~......... Agriculture a/ 1,03 1.095 1,071 1,12 1,272 1,246 2,11 Construction 396 402 422~~~~(mflkn 456 51e 570u683 Net value added Depreciation Trndsport 1omu9atos278 29047 2337 3867 4,01 5,13 6369 Net value added Depreciation Conterumateialsevie 371 379 421 434 515 644 766 Net value added Depreciation Tnson rteracoservics ions 955 2943 1,07 1,86 1408 51,3 6,388 Net value added Depreciation Gross dmaestial peroducts 4,91 5,19 5431 4345 6,42 7,97 13683 Net value added Depreciation Consumpteionsricsb 3979 94,14 4,414 4,410,70 6,9 10,3 ,9328S Privatue osmton315 32de,0d,57 389 5,5 ,2 Gross domestic ipvestmet 1,639161 15 ,661 1,8593 6,099 2,411 13,913 BY EXPNDUSTRE ORIEGINY Agrncumpture a32079 21.2 19.74 19.50 19.80 6195. 15.42 Netivalue addedon315 328 ,0 ,57 389 5,5 ,2 Doepreitionsmto80 590 9 9104 140 Induestry tok 39.0 397 3926 37.8 35.8 39.6 51.89 Netsvalue baadded Net value added Depreciation ..... Trndsporty om ain 59.6 59.7 69.2 6.7 635 69.4 4.6 Net value added Depreciation ... . Othermateial sevce .5 7.3 7.7 7.5 B.0; 8.1 5.6 Net value added ... . Depreciation Tansonmtera servuuicsh ns/ 1.35 1.31.206192.175 Net value added ..... Depreciation... .. Gross domtesticl peroduct 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Net value added Depreciation ..... Consumpteionsricsb 80.4 180.3 819.2 76. 741 77.7 175.5 Privatue osmtin6.1 6.d4.e11d026466. Goernmenationsupin1. 661. 551. 321. Gross domestic investmet 320.9 32.6 30.5 320.9 320.7 30o.2 28.6 Gronsumpfixed inetmn80.3 31.3 30.1 29.3 74.8 23.8 15.4 Increase in stocks 2.6 1.3 0.5 3.5 3.8 6.5 13.2 Resource balance ..... a. Includes forestry. b. Excludes expendture on social and cuUural servces furnished by enterprises of rhe material sphere to their employees Source: World Bank data. -1 14- ESTONIA TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. .. -::.......... .. .. . ..... .. . ... .. ... ............ . .. ....-. .:-, , ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.... .. .. . ..........87 1:9819998 1991 (mEoxs of costn 1990 rales) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture 1,296 1,438 1,402 1,370 1,520 1,246 1,165 Net value added Depreciation Industry 3,119 3,101 3,251 3,395 3,332 3,161 3,041 Net value added Depreciation Construction 595 593 615 651 721 570 465 Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications 405 424 479 544 541 513 493 Net value added Depreciation Other material services 521 527 557 559 688 644 419 Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services 1,872 1,853 1,883 1,890 1,878 1,843 1,516 Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 7,808 7,937 8,186 8,406 8,681 7,977 7,099 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption 4,856 4,969 5,228 5,242 5,493 6,195 Private consumption 3,962 4,018 4,220 4,249 4,516 5,141 Government consumption 894 951 1,008 993 976 1,054 Groas domestic investment 2,262 2,264 2,172 2,417 2,451 2,411 Gross fixed investment 2,070 2,166 2,134 2,119 2,102 1,895 Increase in stocks 192 98 38 298 349 516 Resource balance percentage growh) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture -18.7 11.0 -2.5 -2.3 11.0 -18.0 -6.5 Net value added Depreciation Industry 0.4 -0.6 4.8 4.4 -1 .9 -5.1 -13.4 Net value added Depreciation Construction 3.8 -0.4 3.6 5.9 10.8 -21.0 -18.4 Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications 2.7 4.8 12.9 13.6 -0.6 -5.2 -3.9 Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services 0.1 -1.0 1.6 0.4 -.6 -1.9 -17.7 Net value added Depreciation Gross domesticproduct -8.8 1.7 3.1 2.7 3.3 -8.1 -11.0 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDrrURE CATEGORY Consumption 2.4 2.3 5.2 0.3 4.8 12.8 Private consumption 1.5 1.4 5.0 0.7 6.3 13.8 Government consumption 6.5 6.3 6.0 -1.5 -1.7 8.0 Gross domestic investment -1.8 0.1 -4.1 11.3 1.4 -1.6 Gross fixed investment 4.1 4.6 -1.5 -0.7 -0.8 -9.8 Increase in stocks -38.9 -49.1 -60.9 679.3 17.2 47.8 Source: World Bank data. -115- ESTONIA TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIA,L PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 i i~MW _ .. .... (niWoa of cumdt rubis) NEr MATERIAL PRODUCT 3,462 3,671 3,735 3,931 4,342 5,456 10,S08 BY ORIGIN Industry 1,592 1,702 1,751 1,794 1,898 2,755 6,454 Construction 388 401 412 447 515 571 949 Agriculture a/ 913 984 943 998 1,143 1,107 1,771 Forestry .. .. Transport & communications 210 215 219 265 284 393 457 Trade & catering 38 35 52 16 32 38 25 Material technical supply Other material servic. 321 334 358 411 470 592 951 BY FINAL USE Consumtion 3,188 3,357 3,502 3,645 3,843 4,801 7,822 Private consumption 2,749 2,886 2,999 3,123 3,312 4,119 6,870 Government consumption 439 471 502 522 531 682 953 Investment (accumulation) 896 940 832 979 1,117 1,369 3,249 Fixed capital 415 691 501 472 325 489 364 Other 481 249 331 507 792 880 2,885 Losses 54 77 91 54 76 86 84 Net exports -676 -693 -689 -748 -694 -800 -648 Exports .. .. .. .. Impotts .. .. .. .. (as peCetage of at mat),product NEr MATER1AL PRODUCT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Indtry 46.0 46.4 46.9 45.6 43.7 50.5 61.4 Construction 11.2 10.9 11.0 11.4 11.9 10.5 8.1 Agriculture a/ 26.4 26.8 25.2 25.4 26.3 20.3 16.9 Forestry .. .. .. .. Transport & communications 6.1 5.9 5.9 6.7 6.5 7.2 4.4 Trade & catering 1.1 0.9 1.4 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.2 Material technical supply .. .. .. .. Other material services 9.3 9.1 9.6 10.4 10.8 10.8 9.1 BY FINAL USE Consmption 92.1 91.5 93.8 92.7 88.5 88.0 74.4 Private consumption 79.4 78.6 80.3 79.4 76.3 75.5 65.4 Government consumption 12.7 12.8 13.4 13.3 12.2 12.5 9.1 Investment (accumulation) 25.9 25.6 22.3 24.9 25.7 25.1 30.9 Fixed capital 12.0 18.8 13.4 12.0 7.5 9.0 3.5 Other 13.9 6.8 8.9 12.9 18.2 16.1 27.5 Losses 1.6 2.1 2.4 1.4 1.8 1.6 0.8 Net exports -19.5 -18.9 -18.5 -19.0 -16.0 -14.7 -6.2 Exports Impodts . .. .... a. Incldes foresty. Source: World Bank data. -116- ESTONIA TABLE 2.4: NET MATERAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES .................... ... . . .... . . . . . . ... ..... . ..... (millions of constanf 1990 rudbles) NETMATERIALPRODUCT 5,224 5,379 5,494 5,762 6,112 5,456 4,800 BY ORIGIN Industry excludmng constkuction 2,680 2,660 2,782 2,958 2,919 2,755 2,643 Construction 589 597 608 648 732 571 459 Agriculture a/ 1,136 1,287 1,234 1,212 1,379 1,107 916 Forestry . . . .. .. Transport & communications 313 321 327 396 405 393 374 Trade & catering . .. .. .. . ..... Material technical supply... .... Other material services 505 514 543 548 677 630 408 BY FINAL USE Consumption 3,914 4,048 4,164 4,351 4,446 4,801 . Private consumption 3,431 3,529 3,607 3,773 3,866 4,119 . Government consumption 488 523 559 581 581 682 .. Invedtment (accumulation) 1,097 1,224 1,048 1,165 1,223 1,369 . Fixed capital 572 927 654 592 369 489 . Others 525 297 394 573 854 880 . ................. ... .. . . .. N.et exports .. .. ..... . .... Exports .. .. .. .. .. ..... Imports .. . .. ... (percentage growth) NEr MATERIAL PRODUCT -12.6 3.0 2.1 4.9 6.1 -10.7 -12.0 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 1.1 -0.7 4.6 6.3 -1.3 -5.6 -4.1 Construction 6.8 1.3 1.8 6.5 13.1 -22.0 -19.6 Agriculture a/ -21.3 13.2 -4.1 -1.8 13.7 -19.8 -17.2 Forestry Transport & communications 2.1 2.5 1.9 21.0 2.4 -3.1 -4.8 Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services -50.7 1.9 5.5 1.1 23.5 -7.0 -35.2 BY FINAL USE Consumption 3.0 3.4 2.9 4.5 2.2 8.04.. Private consumption 2.5 2.9 2.2 4.6 2.5 6.64.. Govermment consumption 5.4 7.3 6.9 3.8 0.1 17.3 Investment (accumulation) 1.9 11.6 -14.4 11.2 5.0 11.9 Fixed capital 18.8 62.2 -29.5 -9.5 -37.7 32.6 Others -11.9 43.4 32.7 45.4 49.0 3.0 Losses Exports Imports a. Inclades forestry. Source: World Rank data. -1 17- ESTONIA TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICIT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 ........................ . ...................... %..................... ............. .. ... .......... .. ...... .... . .......... ............................ BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture al 78.9 76.1 76.4 81.9 83.7 100.0 181.3 Net value added .. .. .. . .. .. .. Depreciation .. . ... ........ Industty .61.9 66.0 65.5 64.1 69.1 100.0 233.4 Net value added -... ..... .. .... Depreciation .. ...... ........... Construction 66.6 67.9 68.7 70.1 71.8 100.0 146.9 Net value added .. .. .. Depreciation............ Transport & commnunications 68.5 69.2 70.3 70.9 75.3 100.0 129.0 Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. .. .. ..... Other material services 71.2 72.0 75.6 77.7 74.9 100.0 182.8 Net value added......... Depreciation .. .. ........ ..... Nonmaterial services 51.0 50.9 56.2 62.8 74.9 100.0 157.5 Net value added .............. ..... Depreciation . .. .. .. .. ........ Gro)ss domestic product 63.4 65.0 66.4 68.5 74.0 100.0 192.7 Net value added ..... .. .. . ..... Depreciation .. .. .. ... .... BY EXPENMDURE CATEGORY Consumption 81.9 83.4 84.4 84.1 86.7 100.0 Private consumption 80.1 81.8 83.2 82.8 85.7 100.3 GOVernment consumption 90.0 90.0 89.8 90.0 91.3 100.0 Gross tomestic investment 72.1 74.2 76.5 78.4 85.7 100.0 Gr§oss fixed investment 72.6 74.5 76.6 79.7 88.1 100.0 Increase in stocks 66.6 68.2 6 68.68.5 70.7 100.0 (199f)=100) sNET MATERIAL PRODUCT 66.3 68.2 68.0 68.2 71.0 100.0 218.9 BY ORIGIN industry excluding construction 59.4 64.0 62.9 60.7 65.0 100.0 244.2 Construction 65.9 67.2 67.8 69.1 70.3 100.0 185.0 Agriculture s/ 80.3 76.4 76.4 82.3 82.9 100.0 193.2 Forestry .. .. .. .. . .. Transport & communications 67.1 67.1 66.9 67.0 70.1 100.0 1222 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. Material technical supply .. .. .. .. Other material sevices 71.2 72.0 75.6 77.7 74.9 100.0 182.8 BY FINAL USE Consumption 81.5 82.9 84.1 83.8 86.4 100.0 . Private consumption 80.1 81.8 83.2 82.8 85.7 100.0 Government consumption 90.0 90.0 89.8 90.0 91.3 100.0 .. Investment (accumulation) 81.7 76.8 79.3 84.0 91.3 100.0 .. Fixed capital 72.6 74.5 76.6 79.7 88.1 100.0 Other . .. .. .. Exports .. .. .. .. . .. Impotts . .. .. .. a. I,wludesfore.ury. Source: Tables 2.1 - 2.. -1 18- ESTONIA TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .... ........ . . ..... .................. .. ..... ........ .. ............. ,,,.......... . ,, ..... . :. -: . .: ~ ~ ...... . .. ..... ................98 1.8.1.8.198 90 19910 (millons of rubls) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 415 691 501 472 325 4S9 MATERIAL SPHERE 205 454 247 204 89 292 Agriculture 54 73 87 69 49 32 Forestry 4 4 5 6 4 4 Industry 87 69 45 5 -41 182 Construction 10 13 15 20 4 14 OtherinMaterial Sphere 50 295 95 104 73 60 NONMATE3UAL SPHERE 210 237 254 268 236 197 Housing 122 135 148 136 111 S9 Olher 88 102 106 132 125 108 (as percentae .totalo) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATEIAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 MATERIAL SPHERE 49.4 65.7 49.3 43.2 27.4 59.7 Agriculture 13.0 10.6 17.4 14.6 15.1 6.5 Forestry 1.0 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.2 0.8 Industry 21.0 10.0 9.0 1.1 -12.6 37.2 Construction 2.4 1.9 3.0 4.2 1.2 2.9 Other in Material Sphere 12.0 42.6 19.0 22.0 22.5 12.3 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 50.6 34.3 50.7 56.8 72.6 40.3 Housing 29.4 19.5 29.5 28.8 342 18.2 Other 21.2 14.8 21.2 28.0 38.5 22.1 Note: Indicates Net Fixed Inrvestment. Source: World BanA:data. -119- ESTONIA TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 . - .. . . . . . . .. ...... (milons of consAnt 19_ na hi ) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industry Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other (percentlage growth) ToTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE .Agriculture Forestry Industry Construction Oither in Material Sphere NONNfATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. .. . ..... .Housing... .. . .. .. .. .. Other ............... -120- ESTONIA TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) ,,:C:,;, :, ......................... .......... .... ,,,,,,,f | W - ., c-- --,, 'CC C lE.. ' ' ........... ICOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME .. 2,681 2,916 3,302 4,234 Regular wages .. 2,124 2,259 2,452 3,044 Wages paid by co-ops 46 142 323 Other wages & compensations 71 80 100 134 Income paid by collective fanns 273 297 343 399 Income from sale of farm products 213 234 265 334 TOTAL TRANSFER RECEIPTS 753 866 1,076 1,512 Pensions and allowances 464 497 528 618 Scholarships 13 15 16 22 Income from financial system 121 149 205 288 Other income 155 205 327 584 Adjustment .. 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME 3,434 3,782 4,378 5,746 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES .. 3,123 3,345 3,688 4,596 Retail trade purchases .. 2,802 2,981 3,302 4,117 Purchased services, of which: 321 364 386 479 Rent and utilities 85 88 90 104 Communications 23 27 28 32 Health &other services 5 5 6 9 Cooperatives 5 35 33 72 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS 544 625 718 594 Taxes, fees, duties, others .. 373 414 478 607 Savings 168 201 240 -13 Other 3 10 0 0 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 3,667 3,970 4,406 5,190 Income less expenditure .. -233 -188 -28 556 Source: Goskomstat. -121- ESTONIA TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-90 (MfILL. OF CURR. RUB.) Foreign 125 294 116 346 Interrepublic 1,959 3,192 1,952 3,116 OIL AND GAS 13 447 0 516 Foreign 0 0 0 0 IntanrepubIic 13 447 0 516 ELECTRIC ENERGY 179 41 168 49 Foreqrn 0 22 0 30 Interrepublic 179 19 168 19 COAL 0 10 0 8 Foreign 0 1 0 5 Interrepublic 0 9 0 3 OTHSER ENEDRGY (PEAT) 21 0 9 0 Foreign 2 0 0 0 Imerrepublic 19 0 9 0 FERROUS METALS 14 138 22 174 Foreign 7 7 15 11 Interrepublic 7 131 7 163 NONFERROUS METrALS 13 143 13 165 Forinx 0 0 0 2 Ilnterrpublic 13 143 13 163 CHEM4ICALS AND PRODUCTS 235 403 251 426 Foreign 5 32 6 38 Interepublic 230 372 245 388 MALCHIN4EBUILDING 622 1,575 585 1,365 Foreign 28 60 26 108 Imerrepublic 594 1,515 559 1,258 WVOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 72 62 87 54 ForeinB 9 5 10 4 Interrepublic 64 57 78 51 CONSTlRUCTION MATE3RIALS 28 4C 30 43 F-oreign 1 1 1 2 Interrpublic 28 45 27 42 LIGHT INDUSTRY .. 276 236 319 241 Foreign 18 53 17 69 Interrepublic 258 183 303 17 FOOD INDUSTlRY 350 134 331 150 Foreign 48 25 36 42 Interrepublic 302 110 295 107 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 65 71 47 71 Foreign 5 2 4 5 Interrepublic 60 69 43 66 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 11 109 17 76 Foreign 1 87 1 29 Inxterepublic 10 22 16 47 OTnHER (COMMUNICATION, TRLANSPOlRTATlCIO, SERVICES) 184 72 190 125 Foreign 1 1 0 1 Interrepublic 184 71 190 123 MEMORANDUM flEMS Share of total exports & inqports Foreign 6 8 6 10 Interrepublic 94 92 94 90 Source: Goskomstat USSR. - 122- ESTONIA TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MLL. OF CUIR. RUB.) = N N N§j,,,,a§ 0,.... .. .... ....... . .. ....... . TOTAL TRADE 3133,818 3,098 3,898 Foreign 220 587 198 741 Interrepublic 2,903 3,231 2,900 3,158 OIL AND GAS 8 267 0 229 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 8 267 0 229 ELECTRIC ENERGY 119 24 112 33 Foreign 0 11 0 20 Interrepublic 119 13 112 13 COAL 0 10 0 6 Foreign 0 0 0 4 Interepublic 0 10 0 3 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 17 0 14 0 Foreign 2 0 0 0 Interrepublic 15 0 13 0 FERROUS METALS 11 123 16 148 Foreign 6 5 10 8 Interrepublic 6 118 6 140 NONFERROUS METALS 8 93 8 100 Foreign 0 0 0 3 Interrpublic S 92 8 97 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 324 541 303 513 Foreign 7 47 7 53 Interrepublic 316 494 296 460 MACHINE BUILDING 561 1,128 565 1,146 Foreign 22 74 23 131 Interrepublic 539 1,054 542 1,015 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 132 93 144 80 Foreign .19 8 17 6 Interrpublic 113 85 128 74 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS .. 52 .51 Foreign 1 4 1 5 Interrepublic 27 48 29 46 LIGHT INDUSTRY 878 740 897 759 Foreign 48 205 43 278 Interreublic 830 534 854 481 FOOD INDUSTRY 757 416 716 425 Foreign 106 100 84 134 Interrepublic 650 316 632 291 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 65 78 75 110 Foreign 5 3 5 16 Interrepublic 60 75 70 94 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 35 185 48 186 Foreign 4 128 7 82 Interrepublic 32 57 42 104 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 182 69 169 112 Foreign 1 2 0 2 Interrepublic 181 67 168 111 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 7 15 6 19 Inerrpublic 93 85 94 81 Source: Goskomatat USSR. -123- ESTONIA TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 ..................i.a e Fniw. ... .R .......T e* M~.1 -.t." TOTAL 109 679 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 84 513 77.4 75.6 Austria I 11 0.7 1.6 Belgium 1 7 0.9 1.0 Bulgaria 10 52 9.2 7.7 Great Britain 1 15 0.9 2.2 Hungary 3 36 2.8 5.3 Spain 0 3 0.3 0.4 Italy 1 8 0.9 1.2 Netherlands 4 8 3.7 1.2 Poland 12 66 11.0 9.7 Romania 4 17 3.7 2.5 Germany 13 115 11.9 16.9 Finland 19 57 17.4 8.4 France 2 11 1.8 1.6 Czechoslova}ia 5 34 4.6 5.0 Switzerland 0 12 0.4 1.8 Yugoslavia 1 16 0.9 2.4 Asia 12 76 11.0 11.1 Viet Nam 1 3 0.9 0.4 India 2 8 1.8 1.2 China 1 19 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 1 4 0.6 0.6 Mongolia 2 2 1.8 0.3 Syrian Arab Republic 1 3 0.6 0.4 Turkey 1 7 0.6 1.0 Japan 2 23 1.8 3.4 Afiica 3 6 2.3 0.9 America 9 79 8.1 11.6 Cuba 7 40 6.4 5.9 United States 1 21 0.9 3.1 Australia and Oceania 0 2 0.2 0.3 Note: Rubles are according to offcial exchange rates. Source: Goskomstat SNG, Vneshnyaya torgovlya uaverennykh respubk ipribalUyskih gosudarsfv v 1990 g., 1992. -124- ESTONIA TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 346 177 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 413 303 POL sand other energy 192 576 Intermediate goods 551 1,100 Prmay goods 64 247 Manufactured goods 488 853 Capital goods 565 1,306 TOALM MERCHANDISE 2,067 3,462 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 37 4 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 14 51 POL and other enezrg 15 35 Intermediate goods 25 122 Primary goods 3 21 Manufactured goods 22 101 Capital goods 26 91 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 116 346 INTRAREPBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES -Food 309 130 Other consumer goods includingy statistical discrepancy 399 252 POL sand other energy 177 540 Intermediate goods 527 978 Primary goods 61 226 Manufactured goods 466 752 Capital goods 539 1,216 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 1,951 3,116 Source: World Bankt staff estimates b7ased on official reports. -1 25- ESTONIA TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) TOTAL REVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS 2,210 2,37S 2,280 2,297 2,541 2,848 6,622 Grants .. .. .. ........ . .. Transfers from all union Budget 401 456 427 413 454 259 0 TOTAL REVENUE 1,808 1,922 1,853 1,884 2,087 2,589 6,622 Tax revenue 1,589 1,681 1,712 1,710 1,816 2,070 6,297 Profit taxes 349 399 367 318 328 549 1,373 Income tax 112 116 121 248 268 338 1,193 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes 621 584 767 877 804 1,050 7,745 Value.added.tax .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,232 Customs dutie5 .. .. .. 15 41 90 18 Social security contributions .. .. .. .. .. .. 1,530 Other a/ 507 581 457 253 375 43 175 Nontax revenue bt 219 242 141 174 271 519 326 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE AND TRANSFERS 1,888 1,970 2,003 2,212 2,357 2,617 5,807 Transfers to all union Budget 192 198 196 216 214 0 0 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE 1,69 1,772 1,806 1,997 2,143 2,617 5,807 Current expenditure 1,550 1,642 1,615 1,779 1,881 2,386 5,136 Administration c/ 228 283 296 344 399 855 874 Defense .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Subsidies 770 790 695 760 702 550 305 National economy contributio..1.. . Foreign expenditure . .. .. .. of which: external debt service b. . . . . . Social-cultural expenditure 178 196 208 221 237 292 .. of which: social benefits 178 196 208 21 237 292 OTher d/ 373 374 415 454 543 689 3,956 Capital expenditure 146 130 192 218 262 231 672 Investment . .. .. .. SURPLUSA DEFIClT(-) e/ 322 408 277 844 14 231 815 FINANCING . .. .. .. Foreign (net)xpendi Repayment from foreign states . .. .. .. Loans to foreign states ervice Disbursement of foreign loans .. .. .. .. .. 292 Domestic (net) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Bank a. Indicates revenue transfers to USSR budget for 1985-90 (aggregate revenue and expenditure data made available by Gosbank, (Moscow); consists of social securiy, property, and other taxes for 1991. b. *ncludes local budget revenue. c. Includes wages and saLaries, and supplies and maitnne. d. Includes local budget e1penditure. e. Excludes net national USSR transfers. Source: World sank data; and e MF Economic Report, April1992. -126- ESTONIA TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) '-''R:8 U > -: , ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....,w ..... ........ NET FOREIGN ASSETS .. ........954 1,490 4,730 Foreign assets b/ .. .. .. 954 1,491 4,730 Foreign liabilities .-1 -1 - NET DOMESTC ASSETS ... 3,590 4,088 10,746 Credit to government (net) .. ... -86 -204 -6 Credit to state enteprises .. .. .1,413 2,123 4,216 Credit to cooperatives 28 122 1,091 Credit to households & other private sector .... ..44 46 52 Other itemns (net) c .. 2,191 2,002 5,473 BROAD MONEY .. .4,544 ,578 15,476 Money .. 2,051 2,992 9,345 Currency in circulation d/ . . .. .. 929 1,355 2,149 Demand deposits .. .. .. .. 1,122 1,637 7,196 Quasi mnoney .. .. .. .. 2,494 2,586 6,131 Timne deposits e/ .. .. .. .. 2,494 2,472 3,401 Savings deposits .. . ........... ... Oher deposRIs .. .. 4.730 Foreign currency deposits dl .. .. .. .. 0 114 2,730 a. Refer to end of third q6 24er. b. Foredgn assets in foreign currency accouns revaued at touriit/B ank of E:stonia exchange rate; foreign assets in nonconvengibe currencies include Cre counterpant of currency in circulat4on. c. Includes interbank transactions and revaluation adjustments. d. Foreign currency accounts revaled at tour4st/Bank of Estonia exchange rat. e. Includes savings deposits. Source: World Bankt data. -127- ESTONIA TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRLIL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ,....,. .,...... . ,.,,.,.. .. .. . . . . . . .. . ... .......... ALL INDUSTRY, of which: .. .. .. .. .. 6,670 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY .. .. .. 476 Electricily .. .. .. .. .. 336 - .Fuel indus.y .. .. .. .. 140 METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING .. . .. .. .. 1,137 PP AND PAPER INDUSTRY . . .. .. .. 68 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY .. .. . ........ FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCT'S .. .. .. .. .. 547 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS - . . .. .. .. 287 LIGHT INDUSTRY ............. 1,46S T.cxtdles .. .. .. .. 1,006 Clothing .. .. .. .. .. 257 Leather and shoes .. ... .. .. 206 FOOD INDUSTRY of whih.. 1,633 Food processing .. .... .. 328 Meat and daitry products 739 Fish .. . .. . 566 Source: World Bankdta. -128- ESTONIA TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MLLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ? a,=....,,......... . .., .. .. ..... .. , . .. . ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 6009 6,233 6,420 6,620 6,670 6,670 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY .. ........... Electricity 345 347 349 340 340 336 Fuel industry 146 151 149 146 146 140 METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING 929 986 1,046 1,083 1,105 1,137 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 61 63 62 66 70 68 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 440 466 488 510 522 516 FORESFRYI'WOOD PRODUCTS 441 467 48S 515 522 547 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 253 262 272 287 286 287 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,380 1,429 1,468 1,508 1,504 1,468 Textiles 965 986 1,020 1,037 1,027 1,006 Clothing 220 228 230 231 245 257 Lether and shoes 191 213 221 238 230 206 FOOD INDUSTRY 1,572 1,600 1,629 1,653 1,669 1,633 Food processing 331 307 310 216 329 328 Meat and dairy products 734 748 770 770 771 739 Fish 507 545 549 667 570 566 a. In 1982 p*ecs. Sourc: World Rank data. -129- ESTONIA TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICrTY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MLLIONS OF KWH) .. .. .. . 197....In 19#. 99 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~.....--... ... . ...-:-..-............ .......... .... ......,..'.'' PRODUCTION 17,827 17,951 17,900 17,627 17,611 17,181 Thermal Hydro Nuclear IMPORTS 1,379 1,304 2,375 2,442 1,490 1,475 Interrepublic TOTAL SUPPLY 19,207 19,255 20,275 20,069 19,101 18,656 DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION 9,424 9,605 10,177 10,257 10,144 10,179 Industry and construction 5,145 5,222 5,367 5,418 5,385 5,268 Agriculture 1,585 1,653 1,811 1,865 1,892 2,006 Transport 171 173 182 178 176 174 Other sectors 1,406 1,465 1,562 1,594 1,562 1,584 Households Losses 1,118 1,093 1,255 1,202 1,119 1,147 EXPORTS 9,783 9,650 10,098 9,812 8,956 8,477 Inteffepublic TOTAL USES 19,207 19,255 20,275 20,069 19,101 18,656 Source: Estonia, Statisticheslay Yezhegodnic, 1990-91; World Bank data. -130- ESTONIA TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 1,905 1,999 1,983 2,081 2,242 2,230 . CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 557 673 612 662 780 769 . .ains 139 157 161 93........ Potatoes 135 171 112 164 . .. Vegstablea 63 86 S9 120 . .. Fruit(excluding grapes) . .. .. .. Grapes .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Tobacco ................. .. Cotton .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Sugarbeets .. .. .. .. .. ..... Oilseeds .. .. .. .. .. ..... LIVESTC PRODUCTION, of which: 1,348 1,326 1,372 1,419 1,462 1,461 Livestock, of which: 727 721 746 759 .. 769 Cattle 323 315 323 .. . .. Pigs 329 327 343 93 Sheep and goats .. .. 16 Poultiy . .. .. .. Mdilk 494 467 490 515 Eggs 43 48 50 52 .W.ool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES ATERIAL INPUTS 1,013 1,035 1,061 1,107 1,122 1,148 Crop production Animal production . .. .. .. Agriculural servics NETMATERIAL PRODUCT a/ 893 964 923 975 1,119 1,082 Crop production . .. .. .. Animal production .. .. .. .. Agricultural services . .. .. .. a. Inclt esrforesry. Source: Estoman auahorizes. -1 31 - ESTONIA TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 f~~~~~~~~~. ... .. .. . .. .. . GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 1,770 1,896 1,847 1,779 1,913 1,662 CROPPRODUCTION, of which: 503 600 533 447 580 436 Grains 93 117 125 60 119 120 Potatoes 159 219 139 137 165 118 Vegetables 47 48 46 54 60 35 Fruits(excluding grapes) Grapes Tobacco Cotton Sugarbeets Oilseeds LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 1,268 1,296 1,314 1,332 1,333 1,226 Livestock, of which: 422 699 712 723 730 657 Cattle 302 308 307 300 306 280 Pigs 306 316 327 345 338 297 Sheep and goats Poultry 63 63 66 68 77 70 Milk 499 502 511 510 506 479 Eggs 51 52 53 55 58 52 Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS 978 996 985 936 801 853 Crop production Animal production .. .. . Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT a/ 792 900 862 843 1,112 809 Crop production .. .. .. .. .. Animal production . Agricultural services a. Inchudesforestry. Source: Estonian authorites. -132- ESTONIA TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 Coroducion Xn thouisand of tonls) Grain - Cleanweight 726 915 906 447 967 954 . Wheat (winter) 47 45 33 16 38 53 . (spring) 22 23 17 3 6 12 . Rye .. .. .. .. ........ Corn .. .. .. .. .. ..... Barley (winter)....... .. .. .. (spring) 478 611 654 304 684 597.. Oats 58 71 56 19 5S 93 . Millet .. .. . ....... .. Rice .. .... Flax .. ... Ojiseeds .. .. .. . . .. .. .. Sunflowers .. .. .. .. . . . .. Soybeens ..... .. .... Other .... ...... Cotton (raw) ........ ....... Cotton (fiber) .. .. ...... Sugarbeets .... .. .. ........ Potatoes 833 1,146 728 716 864 617 . Pulses 1 1 0 0 0 0 . Vegetables 124 163 116 129 144 105.. Fruit 39 49 31 22 75 22.. Grapes -... .. .. .. .... Oither .. .. .. .. .. ..... Corn (fodder) .. .. .. .. . .. Hay .. .. .. .. ...... (average yield In centines/ha) Grain - Cleanweight 17.9 22.4 23.3 11.4 24.4 24.1 Wheat (winter) 19.7 24.0 24.1 16.8 27.5 25. (spring) 218. 24.6 24.3 12.6 26.8 25.8 Rye Corn .. .. .. .. Barley (winter) .. .. .. .. (spring) 18.6 22.4 23.7 10.4 24.0 22.7 Oats 14.9 21.1 7.2 26.8 28.0 Millet . .. .. .. Rice Flax Oilseeds .. .. .. .. Sunflowers .. .. .. .. Soybeens .. .. .. .. Other .. .. .. .. Cotton (raw) .. .. .. .. Cotton (fiber) .. .. .. .. Sugarbeets .. .. .. .. Potatoes 137.0 189.0 126.0 128.0 166.0 136.0 Pulses 10.1 1 10.0 13.7 Vegetables 222.0 238.0 171.0 188.0 225.0 166.0 Fruit 41.6 52.8 33.7 23.4 79.9 23.9 Grapes .. .. .. .. Other .. .. .. .. Corn (fodder) .. .. .. .. Hay Source: Goskomstaa SSSR -133- ESTONIA TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 ... ... .. .. ... .. ... . :: :. ::. .. ... ... . . 19*0 = 1M)) WHOLESALE PRICES a/ .. .. .. 100 102 121 Industy .. ..... .. .. .. .. Consttaction .......... Consttuction imports ............. Housing . . . . . . .. Investment goods .. .. .. .. ........ Agricultue . .. Agriculture importb Foreign trade .. . . Exports .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Imporbs .................... CONSUMER PRICES 111 119 123 128 134 157 . State and cooperative prices.. . .... .. Food (excluding alcohol) b/ 100 120 124 128 133 168 . Alcoholic beverages . . . .. . ..... Non food products 111 118 123 128 136 148 . State prices .. .. .. .. ....... Prices of cooperatives . .. .. .. Prices on the "kolkhoz markets .......... Overali price index.. . . .. .. .. (198 = 100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 1UN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES a/ .. .. 121 Industry Construction .. .. .. construction imports .. Housing Investment goods .. .. .. Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade .. Exports imports . .. .. .. .. CONSUMR PRICES .. 119.. .. .. .. 157 Goods and services p.... Groceries... Nongrceries .. .. .. .. .. .. 148 Public restaurants .. ............ Services Groceries and nongroceries .. .. (9_ = 100) OCT91 NOV91 DEC91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MAR 92 APR 92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports .. .. .. .. .. Housing Investment goods .. .. .. .. Agriculture .. .. .. .. .. Agriculture imports .. .. .. .. .. Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMR PRICES Goods and services .. .. .. .. Groceries .. .. .. .. Nongroceries .. .. .. .. .. Public restaurants .. .. .. .. .. Services Groceries and nongroceries .. .. .. .. .. a. 1988 = 100. b. 198 = 1(X. SConrct: IMpEconormic Rcvw, Aprnl1992. -134- ESTONIA TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) . .. . . ............ ... AVERAGE al 215 221 229 249 270 341 586 MATERIAL SECTORS 227 234 242 263 288 358 586 Jndustiy 232 237 246 268 293 360 679 Electricity .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Pudl industry .. .. .. ........ Metallurgy .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Machine building .. .. .. .. .. ..... Chemicals .............. .. Wood procesaing and paper industy ........... Construction material . .. .. .. Textile .. .. .. .. .. ..... Clothing .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Leather and shoe industty .. .. .... ... .. .. Meat and dairy .. .. .. .. ....... Fish .. .. . .. ...... Other food processing .. .. .. .. .. ... .. Conatnaction 267 276 293 318 354 454 718 Agriculture 196 200 213 235 273 357 682 Transport bl 237 243 257 277 292 363 573 Caommunications . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Trade (retail and wholesale) 160 165 169 188 215 306 545 Other material production 139 150 151 168 174 246 458 NONMATERIAL SECTORS 186 188 197 217 230 319 501 Housin ant communal services 181 186 191 203 217 271 466 Science, research & development 204 208 221 251 306 392 554 Etducation 163 168 181 192 193 240 426 Culture 150 143 149 160 178 244 462 Arts 165 190 199 199 211 373 409 Health care, social security, Sports 147 149 157 184 180 252 460 Banking, finance, credit, insurance 187 199 208 225 250 469 737 Government 191 194 199 225 286 377 582 a. Withoan collective farmu. b. Includes c i . Source: World Bankc data. -1 35- Georgia 1990 Population (millions): 5.5 Area (thous. sq. kn): 69.7 Neighboring countries: Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey Capital city: Tbilisi (1.3 million) Titular nationality: Georgian (70%) Language: Georgian Natural resources: Manganese, coal, timber Major agricultural products: Tea, citrus and citrus products, mineral water, alcoholic beverages, tobacco Main industrial activities: Light industry, iron, steel, tea, tobacco Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 14,915 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 2,731 -137- GEORGIA TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) . .. ................ . .... ... ....... .. ... . -. -.... - -. -....................... .. .. .. ... . .. .. .. ... -. --. -... .. - .... .. .. . ... . ..-.-. ..-. ............ ............... ...... .. ........ ... . ... ....I........ :--. TOT8AL POPULATION (MDYEAR) S,299 5,341 5,382 5,421 5,448 5,462 5,478 Urban .. .. .. .. ...3,059 .. Rural .. .. .. ..... 2,403 .. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) .. .. .. .. .. .. MATERIAL SECITOR Industsy Construction Agriculture Forestry Transport Communication Trade and other material services NONMATERIAL SECTOR Housing and municipal services Science, research & development Education Culture and arts Health care, social security Banking, finance & credit institutions Giovernment Other nonmaterial services Source: World Banks data. -138- GEORGIA TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in Os with NRR+ 1 by 1995) ..,, . ., ..; .., , ... ....... .. . .. . .. .. . ...... ng~~~~~ gr...........1................ --......1995..::J 2000 21070 :20.20 20300 TOTAL M+F 5,299 5,462 5,616 5,792 6,113 6,389 6,651 MALES 0-4 234 224 215 214 220 219 217 5-9 220 231 221 214 216 220 217 10-14 216 218 229 221 213 220 219 15-19 214 214 216 228 213 215 220 20-24 200 210 210 215 219 211 218 25-29 222 195 205 209 225 211 213 30-34 198 217 191 204 212 216 209 35-39 171 193 213 189 205 223 209 40-44 122 167 189 210 200 208 214 45-49 136 119 163 185 183 200 218 50-54 161 131 114 157 201 192 202 55-59 138 151 123 108 171 172 190 60-64 128 125 137 112 138 180 176 65-69 57 110 108 119 88 145 150 70-74 39 45 88 88 82 107 146 75+ 60 53 54 89 131 127 188 TOTAL 2,514 2,600 2,676 2,761 2,919 3,067 3,206 FEMALES 0-4 223 214 206 205 211 209 207 5-9 212 221 212 205 207 211 207 10-14 208 211 219 212 204 210 209 15-19 198 206 209 219 205 207 211 20-24 206 194 203 209 212 204 210 25-29 237 202 191 203 218 204 206 30-34 211 233 200 191 208 211 203 35-39 184 209 231 199 202 218 204 40-44 134 182 207 230 189 207 210 45-49 155 132 180 205 197 200 216 50-54 178 152 130 178 226 186 204 55-59 160 174 148 127 200 192 196 60-64 164 153 167 144 171 218 181 65-69 101 153 145 160 120 190 185 70-74 82 89 138 133 130 157 205 75+ 130 138 154 212 296 298 390 TOTAL 2,785 2,862 2,940 3,031 3,194 3,322 3,444 (average annual rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 50.7 53.6 54.9 55.7 53 56.7 61.8 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 16.8 15.6 14.9 14.5 13.7 13 DEATH RATE 9.3 8.9 8.8 9.4 9.4 9 RATE OF NAT. INC. 0.75 0.67 0.62 0.5 0.42 0.39 NET MIGRATION RATE -1.4 -1.1 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 0.61 0.56 0.62 0.5 0.42 0.39 TOTAL FERTILITY 2.169 2.107 2.096 2.083 2.074 2.064 NRR 1.025 1 1 1 1 1 e(0) - BOTH SECES 71.51 73.01 74.44 76.69 78.51 80.47 e(15) - BOTH SEXES 58.7 59.87 61.01 62.86 64.35 65.97 IMR - BOTH SEXES 21.5 17.5 14.2 10.1 7.1 4 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.026 0.022 0.018 0.013 0.009 0.006 a. Rates are forfive years ending in specific year. Source: World Bank (P9RI) projectons. -139- GEORGIA TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSH, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) =vo? < ~~~~~~~~~~~~.... .. ..... ,,,,,,,X TOTAL LABOR FORCE .. .. ............ Of working age . . . . ........ Under 16 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Over working age TOTAL EMPLOYED STATE SECTOR COOPERATIVES Industry & construction Agriculure Collective Farms Other PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED HOUSEHOLD SERVICES -140- GEORGIA TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 .................................................. ............................... ... ..... .. ........................ TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUSANDS) . . . . ..... MATERIAL SECOR Inldustry Construction Agriculture Forestry Transport Communication Trade and other mterial services NONMATERIAL SECTOR ............ ...... House and tnuniciple servicea .. .. .. .. ... ..... Science, research and development... .. ...... ..... Education .. .. .. .. .. ..... Culture and atts... . ........ ... .. Health care, social security...... .. .. .. .. .. Banking, finance, and credit institutions .. .. ........ ..... ..overnment........ ........ Other nonmaterial services .. .. .. .. .. ..... Source: Table 1.1. -141 - GEORGIA TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (millions of curreni rubkes) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture .. ........... Net value added .. .. .. ........... Depreciation .. .. .. . .. . Industry .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Net value added .. .. .. ...... Depreciation . .. .. .. Constkuction .. .. .. ........... Net value added .. .. .. .. . .. Deprection .. .. ......... Transport & communications .. of .. rubks. Net value added .. .. Depreciation Other material services . .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial setvices al/.. 2,594 2,567 2,239 1,875 3,422 Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product .. .. 14,217 14,506 14,355 14,915 23,473 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. Gross domestic investment .. .. .. .. 23,.. . Gross fixed investment .. ......... Increase in stocks .. ......... Resource balance . .. .. .. (percentage shatre of GDP) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN .Agriculture . .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Industry . .. .. .. Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciation . .. .. .. Consruction Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciationsu....on Transpon & communications .. .. .. .. Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciation . .. .. .. Other material srvices .. .. .. .. Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciation stock Nonmaterial services a/ .. .. 18.2 17.7 15.6 12.6 14.6 Net value added Depreciation . .. .. .. Gross domestic product .. .. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumptions Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment...... Increase in stocks Resource balance a. Excluds expenditures on socia and cultural services furnished by enterprises of th material sphere sa teir employees. Source: World Bank data. -142- GEORGIA TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ( oxN . constnt 19 nabla) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agticulume Net value added Depreciation indus6try . .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciadon Transport & comminications Net value added Depreciation Other matrial services Net value added Depreciation Nomaterial sevices Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciadon BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic invesment Gross fixed invstment lnrease in stocks Resource balance @Wlwge growth) BY MDUSTRIAL ORIGN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Net value added Depreciation Condruction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other materal services Net value added Depreciafion Nonmatetial services Net value added Depreciaion Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gro fixed invesment Increase in docks -143- GEORGIA TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (miMls of cwrrent ublks) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. 9,690 9,898 9,989 10,866 16,961 BY ORIGIN Industry 4,111 4,032 4,009 3,800 5,835 Construction .. 1,186 1,319 1,383 1,194 1,713 Agriculture a/ .. .. 2,948 3,074 2,830 4,046 7,090 Forestry .. .. Transport & communications .. 312 399 428 532 1,001 Trade & catering .. 376 455 520 613 729 Material technical supply .. .. .. Other material services 757 621 820 681 594 BY FINAL USE Consumption 7,404 7,655 7,982 9,456 14,751 Private consumption .. 6,438 6,650 6,909 8,263 Government consumption .. .. 966 1,004 1,072 1,193 Investment (accumulation) .. 1,998 2,359 1,710 1,748 1,590 Fixed capital .. 1,361 1,360 969 589 407 Other .. .. 637 999 741 1,159 1,184 Losses .. 131 141 182 136 182 Net exports -156 256 -116 -474 -439 Exports .. .. Inports (as percenage of net mater product) NET MATERIAL PRODUCr .. .. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Indury .. .. 42.4 40.7 40.1 35.0 34.4 Construction .. .. 12.2 13.3 13.8 11.0 10.1 Agriculture a/ .. .. 30.4 31.1 28.3 37.2 41.8 Forestry Transport & communications .. .. 3.2 4.0 4.3 4.9 5.9 Trade & catering .. .. 3.9 4.6 5.2 5.6 4.3 Material technical supply Other material services .. .. 7.8 6.3 8.2 6.3 3.5 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. 76.4 77.3 79.9 87.0 87.0 Private consumption .. .. 66.4 67.2 69.2 76.0 Government consumption .. .. 10.0 10.1 10.7 11.0 Investment (accumulation) .. .. 20.6 23.8 17.1 16.1 9.4 FLxed capital .. .. 14.0 13.7 9.7 5.4 2.4 Other .. .. 6.6 10.1 7.4 10.7 7.0 Losses .. .. 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.3 1.1 Net exports .. .. -1.6 2.6 -1.2 4.4 -2.6 Exports imports a. Includesforestry. Source: World Bank data. -144- GEORGIA TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 .. ........................... ............................................................................................................. , , , , E .E., .,. .~~~~~~~~~~~............. X .............,. E (millions of constant 1992 rubles) NETMATERIAL PRODUCT 119,400 117,200 117,700 124,800 121,800 108,300 77,900 BY ORIGIN Industry excludinig construction 69,900 67,900 68,500 72,800 77,400 66,800 50,200 Construction 10,200 9,500 10,100 10,900 11,000 7,300 5,900 Agriculture a/ 26,600 27,900 25,300 27,100 21,500 23,200 17,S00 Forestry .. . .. . . .. . .. Transport& communications 2,100 1,900 1,900 2,400 2,500 1,200 1,200 Trade & catering ..... ........... Material technical supply.. .. .. .... Other material services 10,600 9,900 11,900 11,600 9,400 9,700 2,800 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. .. .. ..... Private consumnption . .. .. .. Governmnent consumption . .. .. .. Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. . .. Fixed capital . .. .. .. Others ........ .. Losses .. . ......... Net exports . .. .. .. Exports . .. .. .. EImports . .. .. .. ( mercentge grow*t) NiETMATERIALPRODUCT .. -1.8 0.4 6.0 -2.4 -11.1 -28.1 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. -2.8 0.9 6.2 6.4 -13.7 -24.9 Construction .. -6.3 5.7 8.0 1.0 -33.2 -19.2 Agriculture a/ .. 5.0 -9.3 7.1 -20.8 7.7 -23.3 Forestry Transport & comtunications .. -8.6 -1.2 27.4 1.7 -49.6 0.0 Trade & catering Material teclinical supply Other material services .. -6.6 19.7 -2.6 -18.6 3.2 -71.1 BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Govemnment consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Others Losses Exports hIports a. Includes forestry. Source: World Ba(nk daga. -145- GEORGIA TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICIT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 ................. BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN A8riculture Net value added Depreciation .. Industry .. Net value added ..... Dopreciation .. Co..truction .. Net value added . . Depreciation... Trtmsport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Nes value added Depreciation . - Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Governmont consumnptions iross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks (1992=1(M)) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. 8.2 7.9 8.2 10.0 21.8 BY ORIGIN ICndustr excluding construction .. .. 6.0 5.5 5.2 5.7 11.6 Construction .. .. 11.7 12.1 12.6 16.4 29.0 Agriculture a/ .. .. 11.7 11.3 13.2 17.4 39.8 Forestry .. i.ve.tm.. Transport & communications .. .. 16.4 16.6 17.1 44.3 83.4 Trade & castrikg Material technical supply . .. .. .. Other material services .. .. 6.4 5.4 8.7 7.0 21.2 BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumptions .1 Investment (accumulation) . .. Frxed capital Other Exports Imports a. Incvldes forestry. Source: Tabks 2.1- 2.4. -146- GEORGIA TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (millons of rubies) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Industry Contuction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Olher (as percentage of total TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE A^griculture Forestry Industy Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. .. .. ..... Housing . .... .. O.ther .. .. ..... ........ - 147- GEORGIA TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ... .......... . ... ''.' '.',' '. ' (millions of constt 1992 Rubles) TOTAL, MATERIAL&NONMATERIAL 25,730 24,980 27,040 28,210 25,960 25,450 11,030 MATERIAL SPHERE 18,320 17,540 18,630 19,860 18,030 16,960 5,230 Agniculture 4,330 4,140 4,280 4,860 3,930 4,300 S40 Forety 20 20 30 30 30 60 10 Industgy 8,460 8,090 8,800 9,220 9,450 8,020 3,050 Constnection 1,200 1,170 860 930 920 770 200 Other in Material Sphere 4,310 4,120 4,660 4,820 3,700 3,810 1,130 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 7,410 7,440 8,410 8,350 7,930 8,490 5,800 Housing 3,490 3,050 2,920 3,340 2,480 3,360 3,140 Other 3,920 4,390 5,490 5,010 5,450 5,130 2,660 (ercentage growth) T1OTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL .. -2.9 8.2 4.3 -8.0 -2.0 -56.7 MATERIAL SPHERE .. -4.3 6.2 6.6 -9.2 -5.9 -69.2 Agriculture .. -4.4 3.4 13.6 -19.1 9.4 -80.5 Forety .. 0.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 -83.3 Industry .. -4.4 8.8 4.8 2.5 -15.1 -62.0 Construction ... -2.5 -26.5 8.1 -1.1 -16.3 -74.0 Other in Material Sphere .. . 4.4 13.1 3.4 -23.2 3.0 -70.3 NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. 0.4 13.0 -0.7 -5.0 7.1 -31.7 Housing .. -12.6 -4.3 14.4 -25.7 35.5 -6.5 Other . .12.0 25.1 -8.7 8.8 -5.9 48.1 Source: World Bank data. -148- GEORGIA TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) . g* s.: ig.i 5.* .*. . .*. .*. . .*. . .. .* .*. .*.*. . .*. ... s. S.N . ..gg ... ..... . . .*. . . . . . . . v. INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME 6,623 7,365 8,124 9,398 Regular wages 5,274 5,691 5,986 6,411 Wages paid by co-ops 76 575 887 Other wages & compensations 170 193 208 236 Income paid by collective farms 499 491 509 607 Income from sle of farm products 680 914 846 1,257 TOTAL TRANSFER RECEIPTS 1,656 1,882 2,044 2,734 Pensions and allowances 1,003 1,060 1,117 1,291 Scholarships 42 41 40 45 Income from financial system 369 463 426 803 Other income 242 318 461 595 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME 8,279 9,247 10,168 12,132 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES 6,015 6,502 6,712 7,848 Retail trade purchases 5,239 5,647 5,855 6,922 Purchased services, of which: 776 855 857 926 Rent and utilities 169 176 172 164 Communications 54 57 59 61 Health & other services 15 13 13 13 Cooperatives 2 27 50 64 TRANSFIERS AND SAVINGS 1,318 1,719 2,196 3,081 Taxes, fees, duties, others 817 877 1,006 1,279 Savings 389 770 1,156 1,750 Other 112 72 34 52 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 7,333 8,221 8,908 10,929 Income less expenditure 946 1,026 1,260 1,203 Source: Goskomst. -149- GEORGIA TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) , , , 6 ..... ... ..................................................~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... ..... . . . . . . . . . .. OALTRADE 3435,476 3,153 5,366 Foreign 357 683 301 902 Interrepublic 3,096 4,792 2,852 4,464 OIL AND GAS 110 740 150 717 Foreign 102 0 140 1 Interrepublic 8 739 10 716 ELECIRIC ENERGY 48 75 19 81 Foreign 18 0 0 0 Interepubfic 30 75 19 81 COAL 6 16 4 14 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 6 16 4 14 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Inorrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 456 513 386 513 Foreign 75 17 44 26 fnterrepublic 381 496 341 486 NONFERROUS METALS 52 152 58 162 Foreign 7 8 12 0 Interrepublic 44 143 46 162 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 244 409 264 471 Foreign 5 42 12 58 lntepublic 239 367 252 413 MACHINE BUILDING 1,167 1,956 954 1,606 Foreign 68 135 57 205 Interrepublic 1,099 1,822 896 1,401 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 37 150 41 1% Foreign 0 19 0 30 Interrepublic 37 131 41 166 CONSTRUCIION MATERIAIS 33 146 47 113 Foreign 0 6 0 6 Iterrepubric 35 140 47 107 LIGHT INDUSTRY 428 373 380 407 Foreign 18 141 13 142 inempublic 410 232 367 265 FOOD INDUSTRY 624 465 509 514 Foreign 61 206 19 286 Interepubric 563 259 491 228 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 94 139 95 132 Foreign 0 3 1 10 Interrepublic 94 135 94 122 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNMROCESSED) 45 233 141 287 Foreign 1 106 2 138 Intepublic 45 127 139 148 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 106 109 105 155 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Inerepublic 106 109 104 155 MEMORANDUM rTEMS Share of total exports & importa Foreign 10 12 10 17 Inepublic 90 88 90 83 Source: Goskomstat USSR. -150- GEORGIA TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PCES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) ...... ....................... ................................. TOTAL TAE6,084 6,469 5,983 6,839 Foreign 365 1,581 259 1,891 Interrepublic 5,719 4,888 5,724 4,949 OIL AND GAS 68 360 68 285 Foreign 63 0 63 0 lInerrepublic 5 360 5 284 ELECTRIC ENERGY 32 50 13 54 Foreign 12 0 0 0 Interrepublic 20 50 13 54 COAL 7 18 5 15 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 7 18 5 15 OTHER ENERGiY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0° hiterrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS MEITALS 376 443 318 430 Foreign 61 14 34 20 Interrepublic 314 430 284 411 N3ONFERROUS METALS 48 106 37 97 Forei.gn 5 12 7 0 Inerrepublic 43 94 30 97 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 343 544 339 576 Foreign :7 64 16 81 Interrepublic 336 480 323 495 MACHINE BUILDING 869 1,522 804 1,580 foreign 47 159 47 257 Interrepublic 822 1,363 757 1,323 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 53 244 59 279 Foreign 0 35 0 52 linterrepublic 53 210 59 227 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS ....148 ... 117 Foreign 0 14 0 16 Interrepublic 33 134 47 101 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,285 1,287 1,260 1,372 Foreign 40 577 36 563 Interrepublic 1,245 710 1,225 809 FOOD INDUSTRY 2,573 1,142 2,387 1,174 Foreign 125 540 47 658 Interrepublic .2,448 602 2,340 516 OTALHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 103 144 150 222 Foreign 0 6 1 33 Interrepubric 103 138 149 190 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 190 358 404 498 Foreign 4 160 8 210 Interrepublic 187 198 397 287 OLHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 105 103 93 140 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 104 103 92 140 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 6 24 4 28 Interrepublic 94 76 96 i2 Source: Goskom.,ta USSR. -1 51 - GEORGIA TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. . ..... . ... ,., t ,, ,,, ,. ... . ....... . . ., . , ... . . ...... . .. TOTAL 298 2,369 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 213 1,687 71.4 71.2 Austnia 6 53 2.0 2.2 Belgium 7 9 2.3 0.4 Bulgaria 32 202 10.7 8.5 t Brt.in 9 25 3.0 1.1 Hungary 18 144 6.0 6.1 Spala 4 7 1.3 0.3 Ihaly 13 S3 4.4 2.2 Netherlands 8 9 2.7 0.4 Poland 25 256 8A. 10.8 RomAuia 10 57 3.4 2.4 Germany 32 420 10.7 17.7 Fiumnd 7 76 2.3 3.2 Frsace 8 30 2.7 1.3 Czecholovakia 23 227 7.7 9.6 Switzedtand 1 29 03 1.2 Hugolava 8 64 2.7 2.7 Aspi 45 377 15.2 15.9 VIWet 1am 5 14 1.7 0.6 India 6 48 2.0 2.0 China 6 34 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 4 31 1.3 1.3 Mongolia 5 5 1.7 02 Syian Arab Republic 1 76 0.2 3.2 Turkey 3 10 1.0 0.4 iapan 12 115 4.0 4.9 Africal 3 19 1.1 0.8 Amernca 22 192 7.3 8.1 Cuba 16 114 5.4 4.8 Unitet Sas 3 37 1.0 1.6 Australia and Oceania 0 10 0.0 0.4 Note: Ribles are according to official exchanzge rates. Sorce: Goskomorat SN,l Repbnc orgovya erenny resp i pribaksJdk gostv v 1990g., 1992. -1 52- GEORGIA TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) *~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. - .. ,i.... .... .. .. .............. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ *h*pot TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 605 731 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 406 466 POL and other energy 173 845 Intermediate goods 1,026 1,803 Primary goods 124 388 Manufactured goods 902 1,416 Capital goods 943 1,521 TOTAL ME3RCHANDISE 3,153 5,366 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 20 386 Other consumer goods including stadistical discrepancy 8 112 POL and other energy 140 1 Intermediate goods 75 230 Primary goods 12 31 Manufactured goods 63 198 Capital goods 57 173 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 301 902 INTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES F ood 585 345 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 398 353 POL and other energy 33 844 Intermediate goods 951 1,574 Primary goods 112 356 Manufactured goods 838 1,217 Capital goods 885 1,348 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 2,852 4,464 Source: World Bank staff ea*mae, based on official reports. -153- GEORGIA TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MLLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......... .. ..... ... .W TOTAL REVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS 4,533 4,979 5,741 Grants .. .. . .. 350 931 0 Transfers from al union Budget.. Tax revenue ... . .. 4,183 4,048 5,741 Profit taxes .. .... ... 624 776 1,451 Income tax .. .. .. .. 639 431 661 Turnover taxes and otber excise taxes ...... 1,800 1,810 2,077 Value added tax .. .. .. .. .. ..... Customs duties .. .. ... Social security contributions . .. .. .. Other ...... 1,120 1,031 1,552 Nontax revenue . .. .. .. TOTAL EXPENDITURE AND TRANSFERS 4,399 4,786 6,879 Transfers to al union Budget .. .. 71 179 0 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE 4,328 4,607 6,879 Tuaent expenditure .. .. 4,328 4,607 6,879 Administration b/ .. 53 76 250 Defense .. .. .. 661 Subsidies National economy c s 2,118 2,104 3,335 Foreign expenditure . .. .. .. of which: external debt service . .. .. .. Social-cultural expenditure .. ..... 2,009 2,206 2,991 of which: social benefits . .. .. .. Other .. .. 148 221 303 Capital expenditure .. .. 6..79 Investmenm SURPLUS/DEFIC1T(-) d/ 2.134 193 -1,138 FINANCING . .. .. .. Foreign (net)...x. . Repayment from foreign statesr Loans to foreign states . .. .. .. Disbursement of foreign loans .. 2.... Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank Note: the state budget covers the republican budget and the consolidated budgets of the local authorities, as weli as thefinancial operations of the Stabilization Fund. It does not include the operations of the Social Security Fund and other off.budget fnds. a. Preliminary data. Ercluded is the assumption by the government of an estimated 2-3 billion rubks in state enterprise debt vis-a-vis the banikng system. b. Includes law enforcement. c. Includes arrears on account of nonpayment of salaries and other expendiures. Data also include 0.5 billion rubles in government arrears to the Social Security Fund. Source: IMF Economic Report, May 1992. -154- GEORGIA TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (M1LLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) NET FOREIGN ASSETS 3,773 7,104 9,350 17,624 Foreign asets a/ 11,684 14,261 16,800 25,138 Foreignfliabilities 7,911 7,157 7,450 7,514 NET DOMESTIC ASSETS 10,186 9,855 11,480 17,011 Credit to goverment (net) -358 -330 -338 145 Credit to state enterprises 9,516 9,012 10,077 14,837 Credit to cooperatives Credit to households & other private sector 120 180 240 300 Other items (net) 908 993 1,501 1,729 BROAD MONEY .. .. 13,956 16,958 20,830 34,634 Money .. 10,315 11,886 13,926 18,809 Currency in circulation .. 8,935 10,260 11,478 13,943 Demand deposits .. 1,380 1,626 2,448 4,866 Quasi money .. 3,641 5,072 6,904 15,825 Trme deposits b. .. 3,707 5,162 6,875 13,755 Savings deposits Other deposits c/ .. .. -66 -90 29 2,070 Foreign currency deposits Note: lhe banking system includes he cenral bank (Nazional Bank of Georgia), the Bankjfor Inrey and Consmnwdon, the Agncuaural Bank, the Housing Bank, Vnehekombank-Georgia, Sberbank-Georgia, and pnvate commercial banks. a Cowepat of curny notes supplied by monetay authoritis in Moscow. b. Includes savings andfrozen deposits of 3,500 milon rubles in 1991. c. Includes private capitad and money ransfer In transit. Source: IMF Economic Report, May 1992. -155- GEORGIA TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) . ~~ S . I-.,,..,. . . . .. ..,.... ALL INDUSTRY, of which: .. .. .. .. ....... FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY Electricity Fuel industry METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING PULP AND PAPER INDUSTwRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY FORESTRY/WVOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL-S LIGHT INDUSTsRY Textiles ClIothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY Food processing Meat and dairy products Fish -1 56- GEORGIA TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) ai ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 1,179 11,436 11,722 12,097 12,182 11,488 . FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY .. .. .. .. Electricity 214 217 218 218 Fuel industry METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING 1,586 1,658 1,730 1,864 PULP AND PAPER INDUSIRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 377 422 463 479 FORESTRYI WOOD PRODUCTS 405 419 427 419 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 538 583 608 620 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,347 2,424 2,463 2,9 Textiles Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY 4,184 4,220 4,293 4,365 Food processing ... Meat and dairy products .. .. .. .. F ish - .. ... a. In 1982 prices. Source: D. Diamnond, and G. Kisunko, ZSynthetic Measures of Industrial Growth by Republic zn the Former USSR; " US Bureau of the Census, Cernerfor International Research, Washingwon, D. C., 1992. -157- GEORGIA TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF KWE) ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -, . . ................ . . . .. ... . . ... ... . . . ,~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~ ...UIwO ................ Thermal . .. .. .. Hydro Nuclear IMPORTS nepublic TOTAL SUPPLY DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION Industry and constiucton Agriculture Transport Other sectors Households Losses EXPORTS Interrepublic TOTAL USES -158- GEORGIA TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ..'.,..-,',,-.'..,..',""""'"""""''''''g'''""""-'-'-""'""'""'. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ........ GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 4,167 4,272 4,024 4,109 3,849 5,199 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: .. .. .. .. ..... Gramns .. .. ........... Potatoes ........ . . .. Vegetables . . ... Frudt(excluding grapes)......... Grapes .. .. .. .. .. . .. Tobacco ..... .. .. Cotton .. .. .. ....... Sugarbeets .. .. .. ........ Oilseeds .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and goats Poultry Milk Eggs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS 1,034 1,085 1,076 1,034 1,020 1,153 Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT b/ 3,133 3,187 2,948 3,074 2,830 4,046 Crop production Animal production Agricultural services a. Includesforestry. Source: Committee on Social and Economic Information, 7 July 1992. -159- GEORGIA TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . ,. ,,.w .. ..... . - . ..- . . ....... GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 3,224 3,371 3,141 3,251 2,748 2,938 2,783 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: .. .. .. .. .. ..... Grains ......85 87 60 81 65 Potatoes .. .. 69 62 64 56 43 Vegetables .. ...192 129 89 82 67 Pruita(excluding grapes) .. ..346 369 349 350 248 Grapes .. ...289 289 240 323 242 Tobacco .. ..... . .. Cotton .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Sugarbeets .... 3 3 2 2 1 Oilseeds .. .. .. .. .. .. .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: . .. .. .. Cattle .. 62 64 .. 43 Pigs .. .. .. 82 67 Sheep and goats -. .. .. .. Poultry . .. .. .. Mailk. 288 290 283 262 224 EDggs. .. 85 54 82 74 56 Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES ........... MATERlAL INPUTS 888 916 914 865 849 932 882 Crop production Animal production . .. .. .. AgOicultus l services NESMATERIL PRODUCT b/ 2,337 2,455 2,227 2,386 1,900 2,005 1,901 Crop production .. .. .. .. . .. Animal production . .. .. .. Agricultural services a. Data for 1991 are estiaes. b. Includesforesty. Source: Commdttee on Social and Economic Information, 7 July 1992;1ZM Economric Review, May 1992. - 160- GEORGIA TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 .. , iE ., ,..... . . ...... .. ., . ,... .., .., .t.... i . , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .....,,,,,,,, .,,,,,...... ,, .E, .. . .. -.-. 2- - - - - - .... . .... 1. - (rodction inh usands of tons) Grsin- CleanWeight 622 619 644 692 475 666 538 Wheat (winter) 173 209 189 229 100 257 * (spn.ng)... .. .. ......... COarSe grain RYe ... .. ............ COrn 321 282 333 324 286 270 209 BarleY (Winter) 51 61 65 72 29 81 * (sprnNg) 46 37 32 33 41 37 OatS 13 15 11 18 8 12 .. Millet ..... RiCe .. .. .. . ........ FlaX ... .. ........ OjlSeeds 15 14 12 24 8 12 . SUnflOWerBeed 9 6 5 17 3 9 11 SOYbeanS 6 8 7 7 6 3 . Otner . . .. ............... COttOn (raW) In .. of .o . (fiber) . .. .. .. SUgarbeetS 66 53 51 51 39 34 18 POtatOeS 394 367 360 326 332 294 226 Pulses 16 11 10 11 8 7.. VegetableS 604 662 619 641 515 443 363 Fruit 859 1,045 S17 1,090 699 874 419 9raPeS 915 703 620 620 514 691 518 Other . .. .. .. COrn (S;]age + greenChOP) .. .. .. .. . .. HaY . .. .. .. G3rain 22.8 23.2 23.8 25.4 21.4 24.7 20.4 Wheat (Winter) 21.6 24.3 22.2 26.2 19.9 28.2 * (spring) CoarSe grain Rye Corn 27.3 26.0 29.8 29.7 26.3 25.2 19.9 Barley (winter) 20.6 23.5 235 24.6 17.6 27.4 (Spring) 24.6 20.2 20.4 22.0 21.4 Oats 11.5 14.2 10.6 15.3 7.7 12.0 Millet Rice Flax OIlseeds 6.5 6.4 5.3 9.5 3.5 5.8 Sunflowerseed 7.7 6.3 4.7 13.6 1.9 6.5 8.6 Soybeans 52 6.4 5.7 5.6 5.6 4.43 Other Cotton (raw) (fiber) SUgarbeets 488.0 395.0 367.0 366.0 285.0 252.0 154.0 POtatOes 125.0 118.0 116.0 109.0 116.0 106.0 97.0 PUlSeS 8.2 5.6 5.7 6.2 4.6 4.5 . Vegetables 144.0 147.0 140.0 148.0 124.0 111-0 108.0 Fruit -71.5 89.2 70.8 92.7 59.4 71.5 Grapes 80.3 62.7 57.9 59.0 49.2 67.6 Other Corn (silage + greenchop) Hay Source: Goskomstav SSSR -1 61- GEORGIA TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 700$ 1% t#6........ . .... . ................. ......... . . . .. ,,.. .... ... . ,,X. . . . . ... ... . ---. -. . . ............... . . . . . .. . . . . . . . ....... . . . . - . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . .. ... . ... . . .. .. . . . . . . . . (19 = 190) WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing lnvestment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES State and cooperative prices Food (excluding alcohol) Alcoholic beverages Non-food products State prices Prices of cooperatives Prices on the "kolkhoz marketsW' Overall price index (19 =100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSU tM PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries (1_ =190O) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MAR 92 APR 92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries -162- GEORGIA TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) .,..-''.-,'...,..................... .... '," '- AVERAGE .. .. . .. .. ... .. MATERIAL SECTORS Endustry Electricity Fuel industry Metallurgy Machine building Chemicals Wood processing and paper industry Construction material Textile Clothing Leather and shoe industry Meat and dairy Fish Other food processing Construction Agriculture Transport communications T rade (retail and wholesale) Other material production NONMATERIAL SECTORS Housing and communal services Science, research & development Education Culture Arts Health care, social security, sports Banking, finance, credit, insurance Government -163- Kazakhstan 1990 Population (millions): 16.7 Area (thous. sq. km): 2,717.3 Neighboring countries: Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrghyzstan Capital city: Alma-Ata (1.2 million) Titular nationality: Kazakh (40%) Language: Kazakh Natural resources: Chrome, lead, wolfram, copper, zinc, gold, iron ore, coal, oil Major agricultural products: Grain, wool, meat Main industrial activities: Metallurgy, heavy machinery and machine tools, petrochemicals, food processing, textiles Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 46,322 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 2,706 -165- KAZAKHISTAN TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) TOTAL POPULATION (lAIDYEAR) 5,852 16,055 16,250 16,437 16,586 16,746 16,899 Urban .. .. .. .....9,545 .. Rural.. .. ........ 7,201 .. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 7,000 7,067 7,132 7,179 7,237 7,288... MATERIAL SECTOR 4,990 5,014 5,041 5,043 4,914 4,852 4,609 Industry 1,497 1,509 1,514 1,525 1,497 1,468 1,407 Construction 688 702 727 760 801 780 665 Agriculture 1,272 1,262 1,284 1,271 1,209 1,205 1,182 Foresty 16 16 15 15 14 13 14 Transport bl 828 830 804 769 703 702 684 Communication .. .. .. . ... Trade and other matria services 690 695 697 703 690 683 657 NONMATERlAL SECTOR 1,729 1,775 1,799 1,819 1,875 1,923 1,834 Housing and municipal services .. .............. Science, research & development .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Education .. .. Culture and arts ........ .. .. . .. Health care, social security.. .... .. .. Ran}ing, finance & credit institutions . .. .. .. Gioverment .. . . .. . . . Other nonmaterial services .. . . . . . .. a. Sum Of detais do not equal total duec to exclusion of employment outsid the state sector. h. Includies comwcae n. Source: World ank data. -166- KAZAKHISTAN TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in OOOs with NRR+ 1 by 1995) q#JF4Ii~~~p.......... ..... ZO a 202$ 22 TOTALM+F 15,852 16,746 17,473 18,332 20,154 22,004 23,518 MALES 0-4 949 975 833 759 848 860 812 5-9 829 924 956 830 779 874 825 10-14 781 811 910 953 754 843 856 15-19 718 761 795 904 824 775 870 20-24 656 682 732 785 940 746 837 25-29 745 610 646 721 885 810 766 30-34 656 700 577 636 766 922 736 35-39 536 618 669 566 700 866 799 40-44 329 504 589 652 613 745 905 45-49 344 306 478 569 538 674 843 50-54 385 320 286 454 606 578 713 55-59 260 352 294 266 509 492 628 60-64 226 229 312 262 384 527 516 65-69 98 188 191 263 205 410 411 70-74 69 74 143 148 177 274 396 75+ 96 86 85 133 219 234 430 TOTAL 7,677 8,139 8,496 8,899 9,749 10,631 11,343 FEMALES 0-4 921 937 800 729 813 825 779 5-9 809 898 920 798 748 840 793 10-14 766 793 886 919 726 811 823 15-19 673 747 778 884 796 747 839 20-24 641 639 721 777 916 724 809 25-29 743 600 609 720 881 794 745 30-34 658 708 576 607 773 912 722 35-39 552 633 690 574 715 876 790 40-44 343 535 619 685 601 767 906 45-49 379 332 524 613 565 707 868 50-54 421 367 323 515 670 590 755 55-59 305 404 355 315 592 549 690 60-64 344 286 384 341 489 642 570 65-69 197 312 264 359 290 553 521 70-74 157 166 270 235 296 436 588 75+ 265 250 258 364 533 602 979 TOTAL 8,175 8,606 8,977 9,433 10,405 11,373 12,175 (average annuad rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 59.9 62.1 59.5 54.8 46.4 52.4 53.6 j2Q 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 24.5 19.8 17 17.2 15.8 13.9 DEATH RATE 8.5 7.8 7.4 7.6 7.6 7.6 RATE OF NAT. INC. 1.6 1.2 0.96 0.96 0.82 0.62 NEr MIGRATION RATE -5 -3.5 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 1.1 0.85 0.96 0.96 0.82 0.62 TOTAL FERTILITY 3.04 2.605 2.233 2.093 2.081 2.068 NRR 1.422 1.228 1.059 1 1 1 e(0) - BOTH SEXES 67.38 69.05 70.72 73.4 75.61 78.04 e(15) - BOTH SEXES 55 56.33 57.67 59.9 61.78 63.86 IMR - BOTH SEXES 27.2 23.1 19.2 14 10.4 6.8 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.033 0.028 0.023 0.017 0.013 0.009 a. Rates areforfive year ending in specific year. Source: WorldBank (PINWprojecdons. -167- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSH[, 1985-91 (TIIOUSANDS) . , ,.,.,., , , , ,., ., ~~~~~............... ------. ... . . ... v. f........ . . ........ .,..... ... .... .... .. . .. .. . .. . . .. .... .. .. .. ; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~.................. . ....:... TOTAL LABOR FORCE 8,954 8,935 9,016 9,113 9,203 9,262 Of working age Under 16 Over working age TOTAL EMPLOYED 7,000 7,067 7,132 7,179 7,237 7,288 STATE SECTOR 6,719 6,789 6,840 6,862 6,789 6,775 COOPERATIVES Industry & construction Agriculture Collective Farms Other PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED HOUSEHOLD SERVICES Source: World Bank data -168- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUSAD)a 7,000 7,067 7,132 7,179 7,237 7,28S8. MATERIAL SECTOR 71.3 .. .. .. 67.9 66.6... Industty 21.4 .. .. .. 20.7 20.1... Construction 9.8 .. .. .. 11.1 10.7... Agriculture 18.2 .. .. .. 16.7 16.5... Forestry 0.2 .. .. .. 0.2 0.2 .. Transport 11.8 .. .. .. 9.7 9.6 . Communication .. if... Trade and other material services 9.9 .. .. .. 9.5 9.4 . NONMATERIAL SECTOR 24.7 .. .. .. 25.9 26.4 . House and municiple services .. ........... .. .. Science, researc. and development ... .. ...... .. Education ................... Culture and arts I ... ... .... ..... Health care, social security . . . .. .. Banking, finance, and credit institutions .. .. .. .. . .. Government . ... .. . . .. .. Other nonnmaterial services . .. .. .. a. Sum f details do nrot equal total due to excliwion of employment outside state sector. Source: Tabi e 1.1. -169- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (mions qf cren rMs) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added a/ 13,937 20,246 Depreciation Industry Net value added 9,648 23,546 Depreciation Construction Net value added 5,338 S,401 Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added 3,257 2,219 Depreciation Other material services Net value added 2,787 5251 Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 45,322 76,678 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDrrURE CATEGORY Consumption 28,452 48,225 Private consumption 24,442 40,789 Government consumption 4,011 7,436 Gross domestic investaent 11,693 15,734 Gross fixed investment 5,594 7,465 Increase in stocks 6,099 8,269 Resource balance (percentage shr of GDP) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added a/ 30.1 26.2 Depreciation Industry Net value added 20.8 30.4 Depreciation Construction Net value added I 1.5 7.0 Depreciation Transport & cotmunications Net value added 7.0 2.9 Depreciation Other material services Net value added 6.0 6.8 Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumnption 62.8 62.9 Private consumption 53.9 53.2 Government consumption 8. 9.7 Gross domestic investment 25.8 20.5 Gross fixed investment 12.3 9.7 Increase in stocks 13.5 10.8 Resource balance a. Inclesfores y. Source: World Bank data. -170- KAZKHTAN TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (mlWons of conastant 1990 rubles) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added .. 13,937 11,598 Depreciation industry Net value added ... .9,647 9,465 Depreciation Construction Net value added ..5,338 4,030 Deprewiation Transport & communications Net value added ..3,257 3,041 Depreciation Other material servces Net value added . .2,783 2,426 Depreciation Nonmatera services . . 2,050 2,06-9 Net value added Depreciation Oro.i domestic product ..45,322 42,228 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDrrLURE CATEGORY Consumption ...28,452 26,063 Private consumption ... . 24,442 21,973 GOvernment consumption 4,011 4,090 Giross domestic infvestment 11,693 8,414 Gross fixed investment ... .. . 5,594 4,755 Increase in stocks ... .. . 6,099 3,659 Resource balance (perceeaage growth) BY INDUSTRLAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added ....... . -16.8 Depreciation Industry Net value added . .......-1.9 Depreciation Consrtruction Net value added .... .... -24.5 Depreciation Transport & communications...... Net value added ......... -6.6 Depreciation Other material services...... Net value added .. ...... -12.8 Depreciation Nomnmateral services .........0.9 Net value added Depreciation Gross domesti product .........-6.8 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDIrURE CATEGORY Consunmption .........-8.4 Private consumption ......... -10.1 Government consumption . .. ...2.0 Gross domestic investment . .. ... -28.0 Gross fixed investmient . ... .. -15.0 Increase in stocks . ....... -40.0 Source: World Bank data. -1 71- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 . .., :.,:... .. (Millonls of ciuvent rubles) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. ...... 2,45 34,961 56,663 BY ORIGIN Industry .. .. ... .. ...5,659 9,648 23,546 Construction .... . . . .. 5,618 5,338 5,401 Ag.iculture .. . . ... .. .. 10,435 13,937 20,246 Forestry . ..... .. ...0 25 55 Transport & communicatdons .. ... 2,634 3,257 2,219 Trade & caring .. .. ... .. .. 0 1,602 3,085 Maten.al technical supply.. Other material services .. .. ..... .. 4,111 1,156 2,111 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. 28,452 48,225 Private consumpdon 24,442 40,789 Government consumption 2.. .. 4 ,011 7,436 nvestment (accumulation) .. .. 11,693 15,734 Fixed capital .. .. ....... 5,594 7,465 Others .. .. ..m ..v.. .. 6,099 8,269 Losses .. .. .. .. .. 2,407 72 Net exports .. .. .. .. .. -7,591 -7,368 exports .. .7.... Imports (As percerdage of net matl produd) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. .. .. 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry .. .. .. .. 19.9 27.6 41.6 Construction .. .. .. .. 19.7 15.3 9.5 Agriculture .. .. .. .. 36.7 39.9 35.7 Forestry .. .. .. .. 0.0 0.1 0.1 Transport & communications .. .. .. .. 9.3 9.3 3.9 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. 0.0 4.6 5.4 Material technical supply Other material services .. .. .. .. 14.4 3.3 3.7 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. .. .. 81.4 85.1 Private consumption .. .. .. .. .. 69.9 72.0 Government consumption .. .. .. .. .. 11.5 13.1 Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. .. 33.4 27.8 Fixed capital .. .. .. .. .. 16.0 13.2 Others .. .. .. .. .. 17.4 14.6 Losses .. .. .. .. .. 6.9 0.0 Net exports .. .. .. .. .. -21.7 -13.0 Exports Imports Source: World Bank data. -172- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (millons of costt 1990 rubIe) NET MATER.AL PRODUCT .. ........ ... 34,961 30,919 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. 9,648 9,465 Const.uction .. .. .. .. ...5,338 4,030 Agriculturea5/ .. .. .. .....13,937 11,958 Forestry ... Transportationd& comamunications .. .. .. ... 3,139 2,919 Trade & catering 1.. ...,602 1 ,405 Material technical supply .. .. Other muaterial services ... .. . 1,299 1,142 BY FONAL USE Consumption . ..n.. ..o.. .. 28,452 26,063 Private conumption .. .. 24,442 21,973 Government consumtion 3.. .. 4,011 4,090 Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. .. 11,693 8,414 Fried capital .. .. .. .. .. 5,594 4,755 Othera .. .. .. .. .. 6,099 3,659 Losses . .. .. .. Net exports .. .. .. .. .. -7,591 -5,717 Exports . .. .. .. Imports . .. .. .. (percentage growth) -NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .... .. .. .. .. -11.6 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. .. .. .. .. -1.9 Construction .. .. .. .. . -24.5 Agriculture a/ .. .. .. .. .. .. -14.2 Foresry Transportation & com5muications .. .. .. .. .. .. -7.0 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. .. .. -12.3 Material technical supply growth) Other material services .. .. .. .. .. .. -12.0 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. -8.4 Private consmption .. .. .. .. .. .. -10.1 Governmnent consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.0 Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. .. .. -28.0 Fixed capital .. .. .. .. .. .. -15.0 Others .. .. .. .. .. .. -40.0 Losses Exports Imports a. InCludeS foresty. Souwrce: World Banlt daM. -173- KAZAKISTAN TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMIP IMLPICIT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 ......................................... .... . .. . ........... .....I.. :.................... ............. :: . .. . ....... ....................... ............... ::-......... ...... .... ............................ ... ..... ............ ..... ............. . (19 90=190) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Net value added .. .. .. .. ...100 0 174.6 Depreciation Industry -. ... .. .. 100.0 248 8 Net value added Depreciation .. .. .. .. . . .. Construcdion Net value added ......... .. ...100 0 134.0 Depreciation Transport & communications . .. Net vahue added .. .. .. .. ...100.0 73 0 Depreciation Other material services Net value added ... .. .100.0 216.4 Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation .. ..... Gross domestic product 100.0 181.6 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlT'URE CATEGORY Consumption 100.0 185.0 Privateconsumption 100.0 1.6 ;overnment consumptions 1000 181.8 Gross domesic invedment 100.0 187.0 Geross fixed investment 100.0 157.0 Nncrease in stock 100.0 226.0 NET MATERIAL PRODUCT ... .. .100.0 183.3 BY ORIGIN Industryr excluding construction ... .. .100.0 248.8 Constrution 100.0 1340 Agriculture a/ d1000 169.3 Dorestry... Transport & communications ... .. .103.8 76.0 Trade & cateriDg uct 100.0 219.6 Materal technical supply Other mateial services BY PINAL USE Consumption 100.0 185.0 Private consumption 100.0 185.6 Government consumption 100.0 181.8 Investment (accumulation) 100.0 187.0 fixed capital ment. 100.0 157.0 OIher ease in.t.ks100.0 226.0 Exports Imports a. Includes foress,y. Source: Twables 2.1 - 2.4. -174- KVZAUHSTAN TABLE 2.6: CAPiTAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 , , ,~~~~~~~... . . ..,. . . ............ .......... ... ,C_.. ............ . . . . . . . . . . (millions of rule) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Induatty Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing other (es percerdgag of to*dl) T OTAL, MATERIAL &E NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industy Construction Other in Matenial Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE .......... .... Housing ......... ..... Other .. .... -175- KAZAKHSTAN TAL !2 .,>7: CAlPffA .STN AT COSTN P!CS 19S9 (mfllloml of conusA 1991 rsbl) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL ... .. . 19,164 18,060 MATERIAL SPHERBE.. . .. 13,203 12,520 Agriculture a/ ... .. . 4,375 4,650 Fotrety . .. .. .. Industty . .... 5,863 5,160 Construction ... .. .822 650 Odier inMatenasl Sphere ... .. . 2,048 1,955 NONMATERMAL SPHERE ... .. . 5,961 5,540 Housing - .. .. . 3,912 3,670 Other ... .. . 2,049 1,870 T(OTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL -5.8 MLATERIAL SPHERIE ......... -5.2 Agriculture a/ .........6.3 foretry . .. .. .. Industry......... -12.0 ConstruCtion ......... -20.9 Other in Material Sphere ... .... .4.5 NIONMATERIAL SPHE!RE ......... -7.1 Hfiousing .........-6.2 O ther .......... -8.7 a. Includesjorestry. Source: World Bank data. -176- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) , .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.... . E. . *. . .. ,M........ .. ......... INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME 18,950 20,548 23,160 26,697 Regular wages 16,585 17,940 19,522 21,866 Wages paid by co-ops 116 684 1,167 Other wages & compensations 547 630 742 850 Inc. paid by collective farmsn .. 606 618 614 702 Inc.fromsaleoffarmproducts .. 1,212 1,244 1,598 2,112 TOTAL TRANSFER RECEIPTS 3,928 4,447 4,611 5,606 Pensions and allowances 2,693 2,861 3,012 3,430 Scholarships 159 167 166 184 Inc. from financial sys. 700 946 795 1,286 Other income 376 473 638 706 Adjustment .. 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME .. 22,878 24,995 27,771 32,303 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES 18,375 19,620 21,366 24,039 Retail trade purchases .. 16,365 17,383 18,945 21,512 Purchased services, of which: .. .. 2,010 2,237 2,421 2,527 Rent and utilities 626 656 693 667 Communications 5.. 19 177 195 214 Health & other services .. .. 27 27 29 39 Cooperatives 3 53 78 111 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS .. 3,922 4,373 5,139 6,349 Taxes, fees, duties, oth 2,653 2,901 3,256 3,864 Savings 1,054 1,244 1,692 2,274 Other .. .. 215 228 191 211 Adjustment .. .. 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS .. .. 22,297 23,993 26,505 30,388 Income less expenditure .. .. 581 1,002 1,266 1,915 Source: Goskomswa. -177- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 198990 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) a ~ ~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ . :, ..... ........ Foreign 996 1,556 1,039 1,9C00 Interrepublic 8,410 15,076 8,449 14,550 OIL AND GAS 2,454 3,181 2,498 3,167 Foreign 49 4 43 5 Lntemrpublic 2,405 3,176 2,455 3,161 ELECTRIC ENERGY 337 560 350 630 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 337 560 350 630 COAL 284 141 286 146 Foreign 0 0 2 0 Lnterrepublic 284 141 284 146 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 1 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 1 0 0 FERROUS METALS 1,229 1,177 1,171 1,160 Foreign 227 90 244 62 Interrepublic 1,002 1,087 926 1,098 NONFERROUS METALS 1,173 400 1,292 445 Foreign 463 22 496 21 Lnterrepublic -710 378 795 424 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS S33 1,364 879 1,448 Foreign 101 79 94 150 Interrepublic 732 1,285 785 1,298 MiACHINE BUILDING 1,146 6,556 945 5,956 Foreign 72 534 50 709 Interrepublic 1,074 6,022 895 5,247 WVOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 19 601 18 569 .Foreign 0 48 1 89 mnterrepublic 19 552 17 480 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 169 279 138 293 Foreign 2 11 2 13 Interrepublic 167 267 136 280 LIGHT INDUSTRY 422 907 408 943 Foreign 58 307 62 340 Interrepublic 364 600 346 603 FOOD INDUSTRY 291 820 296 886 Foreign 16 356 23 419 lnterrepublic 275 464 272 467 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 69 298 67 294 Foreign 0 9 8 16 Interrepublic 69 290 59 278 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 749 171 923 165 Foreign 8 96 14 77 Interrepubtic 741 75 909 88 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 230 178 219 348 Foreign 1 0 0 0 Inberrepublic 229 178 218 348 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share of total exporta & irnports Foreign 11 9 11 12 Lnterrepublic 89 91 89 88 Source: Goskom*r USSR. -1 78- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) ............. ...... ..., .,.... . , . .,,.E.... . ............ .W,2 ... ... ... .. ... . . ..... -- , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......... ..... ... .. ............... .... ... TO)TAL TRADE 9,094 17,569 9,350 17,830 Foreign 893 2,998 906 3,516 Interrepublic 8,201 14,571 8,443 14,314 OIL AND GAS S75 1,447 795 1,181 Foreign 15 4 12 5 Interrepublic 860 1,443 783 1,177 ELECTRIC ENERGY 224 371 233 420 Foreign 0° lintrrepublic 224 371 233 420 COAL 312 155 306 156 Forei8n 0 0 2 0 Interrepublic 312 155 304 156 OTHER ENERGY (PEAl) 0 1 0 1 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interepublic 0 101 FERROUS METALS 1,077 1,040 1,036 986 Foreign 188 63 198 47 Interrpublic 889 977 839 939 NONFERROUS METALS 791 272 777 275 Foreign 299 20 297 20 Interrepublic 492 252 480 255 C'HEMICALS AND PRODUCTS. 1,121 1,703 1,082 1,727 Foreign 153 126 121 205 lIterrepublic 968 1,577 961 1,522 MLACHINE BUILDING 836 5,359 786 5,510 Foreign 47 605 41 806 Inteepubl.c . 790 4,754 746 4,704 .w.OOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 26 988 23 832 Foreign 0 83 1 142 InterrepubEic 26 905 22 691 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 145 313 116 331 Foreign 2 28 2 36 interrepublic 144 285 114 296 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,625 3,113 1,536 3,374 Foreign 130 1,264 141 1,392 Interrpublic -1,495 1,849 1,395 1,982 FOOD INDUSTRY 617 1,871 612 1,880 Foreign 35 525 51 647 Interrepublic 582 1,347 561 1,232 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 82 317 85 452 Foreign 0 16 9 52 InterrepubEic 82 301 75 400 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 1,146 457 1,764 392 Foreign 23 264 32 165 Interrepublic 1,123 194 1,732 227 OTHER (COMM{UNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 217 163 199 315 Foreign 1 0 0 0 Interrepublic 217 162 198 315 MEMORANDUM mITMS Share of total exporta & impOrtS Foreign 10 17 10 20 lintrrepublic 90 83 90 80 Source: Goakomstat USSR. -1 79- KAZAlUISTAN TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 199 :3. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .... TOTAL 1,112 2,433 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 720 1,752 64.7 72.0 Austria 10 35 0.9 1.4 Belgium 15 7 1.3 0.3 Bulgania 100 202 9.0 8.3 Great Britain 34 31 3.1 1.3 Hungaiy -56 151 5.0 6.2 Spain 11 8 1.0 0.3 Italy 38 80 3.4 3.3 Netherlands 31 15 2.8 0.6 Poland 70 260 6.3 10.7 Romanha 40 58 3.6 2.4 Germany 122 436 11.0 17.9 Fiand 28 83 2.5 3.4 France 30 41 2.7 1.7 Czechoslovakia 83 220 7.5 9.0 Switzerdand 4 30 0.4 1.2 YRugoslavia 33 66 3.0 2.7 Asia 198 434 17.8 17.8 Vilet Nam 20 33 1.8 1.4 India 24 48 2.2 2.0 China 39 127 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 18 64 1.6 2.6 Mongolia 19 41 1.7 1.7 Syrian ArabBRepublic 2 27 0.2 1.1 Tbrkey 13 .. 1.2 0.0 Japan 38 67 3.4 2.8 Africa 13 12 1.1 0.5 America 71 205 6.4 8.4 Cuba 57 117 5.1 4.8 United States 10 63 0.9 2.6 Australia and Oceania 1 10 0.0 0.4 Note: Rubles are according to Qiicial exchange rates. Source: Gos71oms7at SNG, Vneslyaya torgovlya suverenny respu2lik i pribaliyskh gosuv v 1990 g., 1992. -180- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ....... ........ .. . .. , :: . . . . .i .E .. . . . .E - 1 E..? .... .. . . . . . . . . .... .... .. . . ..... .......... .. . . . .... ... .... i .. ... :. .. . . .. .. . . .... .... ... . . ....... ......... TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 1,216 859 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 318 1,175 POL and other energy 3,145 4,058 Intermediate goods 3,888 4,597 Primary goods 1,618 1,094 Manufactured goods 2,270 3,502 Capital goods 921 5,761 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 9,488 16,449 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 34 442 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 10 227 POL and other energy 56 5 Intermediate goods 891 551 Primary goods 514 121 Manufactured goods 377 430 Capital goods 49 674 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 1,039 1,900 INTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 1,182 416 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 308 948 POL and other energy 3,089 4,052 Intermediate goods 2,998 4,046 Primary goods 1,104 974 Manufactured goods 1,894 3,072 Capital goods 872 5,087 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 8,449 14,549 Source: World Bank staff esimates based on ofdcial reports. -181- KAZAKESTAN TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) IP#$ 19$~~.$ .#* . . 1. . 1..91.. ......~~~~.. ,... ...................... ......................................... ......... ................. ...... ......... .. . , j i. .. . .. . . . . . . . .jj - jjj. . .... ... .. . . . . .. .. . .. .. .. i.i.i.i TOTALRBVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSPERS 11,925 11,955 12,783 14,098 15,963 18,352 26,070 Grantb .. . .. .. . .. Transfers from all union Budget 1,350 1,868 2,483 3,732 4,601 6,053 6,033 TOTAL REVENUE 10,475 10,087 10,300 10,366 11,362 12,299 20,037 Tax revenue 10,158 9,746 9,984 10,114 11,070 11,853 17,649 Profit taxes 2,753 2,699 2,394 2,232 2,223 2,869 6,778 Income tax 1,571 1,646 1,722 1,891 2,170 1,370 3,088 Turnover taxes6and other excisebtxes 4,164 3,845 4,108 4,142 4,438 4,925 5,897 Value added tax ..... .. Customs duties .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Social security contributions 1,138 1,263 1,352 1,467 1,573 1,805 .. Other 532 293 408 382 666 884 1,886 Nontax revenue 317 341 316 252 292 446 2,388 TOTALEXPENDurUREANDTRANSD ARS 11,512 11,765 12,498 13,499 15,377 17,055 32,758 Transfers to a union Budget 122 136 625 515 479 995 1,842 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE 11,390 11,629 11,873 12,984 14,898 16,060 30,916 Current expenditure 11,390 11,629 11,873 12,984 14,898 16,060 30,916 .Administration . . . .. .. Defense . . . .. .. Subsidies .. .. .. .. .. .. .. National economy 6,701 6,682 6,615 7,323 8,695 9,009 10,924 Foreign expenditure . . . .. .. Of which: external debt service . . . .. .. Social-cultural expenditure 4,377 4,676 4,999 5,385 5,830 6,498 14,156 of which: social benefits Other 312 271 259 276 373 553 5,836 Capital expenditure .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Investmenlt . . . .... SURPLUS/DEFICIT (-) 313 190 285 599 586 1,297 -6,688 FINANCING . . . .. .. Foreign (net) a. .. .. .. .. .. .. Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states Disbursement of foreign loansexpend Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank Source: World Bank data. -182- iAZAKEISTAN TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) NEr FOREIGN ASSE1S a/ .. .. 1,942 6,555 Foreign assets Foreign liabilities NET DOMESTIC ASSETS .. .. 25,872 55,273 Credit to goverunmnt (net) 6,304 13,670 Credit to state enterprises .. 22,389 22,361 20,763 50,177 Credit to cooperatives 2,442 2,179 1,100 1,726 Credit to households & other private sector .. 2,788 3,395 3,708 3,787 Other items (net) .. -6,003 -14,087 BROAD MONEY 27,814 61,828 Money .. 6,580 13,865 Currency in circulation b/ .. .. 6,580 13,865 Dmad deposit. Quasi money 15,003 17,004 21,234 47,963 Time deposits Savings deposits .. .. .. .. .. 14,158 20,211 Other deposits c/ .. .. .. .. .. 7,076 27,752 Foreign currency deposits Note: Estdmates are as of December 31 in each year shown. a. Incbdesforeign exchange held by the government. Ths item includes certain rubk claims and liabilities of Kazakhstan vs-a-vis other republics of thefomer USSR. Figuresfor ruble and eonvertiblecurrency assets are not available separatelyfor l990 or 1991. It has been assumed that convertubl currency assets were zero prior to 1992. b. Assuned to be eqwivalent to the stock of currency issued to the National Bank of Kazathssan. c. Includes deposits ofpub&c enterprses, other bank deposits, and other deposit labilides. Sourwe: lUF conomic Review, Apri 1992. -183- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ALL INDUSTRY, of which: ;----- -- FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY Electricisty Fuel industry MEI~ALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS LIGHT INDUSTRY Textiles Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTsRY F. ood processing Mdeat and dairy products Fish -184- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 2,572 27,927 29,128 30,205 30,961 30,713 . FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY .. .. Electricity 1,637 1,702 1,767 1,767 . .. .. Fuel indutry . .. .............. METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING 4,479 4,748 4,882 4,972 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 1,605 1,765 1,909 2,070 FORESTRY/IVOOD PRODUCTS 647 693 731 757 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 1,545 1,592 1,700 1,824 LIGHT INDUSTRY 4,189 4,273 4,398 4,608 Teaxtiles Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY 3,941 4,217 4,493 4,611 .. . .. Food processinDg ..... . Mealt an,d dairy products .. .. .. ........... Pish~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... .. ....... .... a. In 1982 prices. Source: Diamond D., Ki,wako G. Synthetic Measures of Industrial Growth by Republic in the Former USSR. US Bureau oftrhe Census, Center for itraonlResearch. Research Note, 19 June, 1992. -185- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICrTY 1PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 198-91 (MILLIONS OF KWH) PRODUCTION 81,263 85,094 88,490 88,417 89,657 87,379 78,033 Thermal Hydro 5,228 4,774 5,728 6,988 7,292 7,366 Nuclear IMPORTS 22,067 23,126 23,815 25,265 27,497 31,426 Intermepublic TOTAL SUPPLY 103,330 108,220 112,305 113,682 117,154 118,805 DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION 91,825 95,391 99,668 101,662 103,655 104,717 101,596 Industry and construction 56,865 59,343 61,934 63,783 64,474 63,935 Agriculture 10,669 10,947 11,474 11,808 12,320 13,708 Transport 5,356 5,482 5,934 6,256 6,355 6,469 Other sectors 10,983 11,327 11,855 11,702 12,157 12,423 Households Losses 7,952 8,292 8,471 8,158 8,349 8,192 EXPORTS 11,505 12,829 12,637 12,020 13,499 14,088 nterrepublic TOTAL USES 103,330 108,220 112,305 113,682 117,154 118,805 Source: NArhoz Kazakhstan, 1990. -186- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION .. .. .. .. .. ..... CROP PRODUCTION, of which: Grains Potatoes Vegetables Fruit(excluding grapes) Tobacco Cotton Sugarbeets Oiseeds LlVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and goats Poultry Milk Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. .. .. 10,435 13,937 20,246 Crop production .. ............ Animal production .. .. .. ........... Agricultural services .................... a. Data for 1991 are esdmat~es. Source: Table 2.3. - 187- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 X ................ . ......... ... . .. . ........ ..... . . . . . . . ... ....... . GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION .. .. .... CROP.PRODUCTION, of which: ..... . . .. ..... a > -............ ... ......... .... ................... . ..... Potatoes .. . . . .. .. .. Vegetables .. .. .. .. P uits(excluding grapes) .. .. .. .. .. Grapes . Tobacco ... ....... Cotton .. ... .. .. ........ Sugarbeets .. ............... Oilseeds .. .. .. ..... LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: iavestock, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and gots Poultry Milk Eggs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT Crop production Animal production Agicultural services -188- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 - '-,',-'':"--''' :-~.,---.-.---......... .......... -: :: .- . . . (t'roduc*on Xn thousainds of tfons) Grain - oleaniweight 22,694 26,562 25,721 20,970 18,797 28,488 11,931 Wheat (winter) 935 1,328 2,255 1,354 1,451 1,966 .. (spring) 13,256 15,415 13,853 10,808 9,332 14,231... Coarse grain Rye 136 369 338 548 745 839... Corn 598 505 477 561 479 442 328 Barley (winter) 72 91 122 84 50 111.. (spring) 5,883 7,004 6,807 5,766 5,260 8,389 Oats 539 616 459 345 251 610 Millet 402 391 549 577 459 940 235 Rice 620 586 606 626 555 579 520 Flax Oilseeds 129 139 182 216 167 230 155 Sunflowerseed 93 83 117 139 105 141 108 Soybeans 17 35 45 41 33 33 Other Cotton (raw) 305 333 312 325 315 324 290 (fiber) Sugarbeets 1,888 1,721 1,804 1,321 1,188 1,134 723 Potatoes 2,197 2,137 2,066 2,260 1,784 2,324 2,153 Pulses 113 150 145 132 107 154 Vegetables 1,085 1,211 1,190 1,354 1,254 1,136 928 Fruit 133 386 209 275 118 501 71 Grapes 69 158 141 94 48 139 60 Other Corn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. Hay (average yield In centeru/ha) Grain 9.0 10.8 10.5 8.6 7.9 12.2 5.2 Wheat (winter) 9.4 12.5 19.5 14.8 13.2 16.4 (spring) 8.7 10.6 9.8 7.7 7.0 11.1 Coarse grain Rye 5.9 8.5 6.9 9.5 10.3 10.9 8.5 Corn 44.5 42.5 40.3 40.9 35.8 34.9 27.2 B-rley (winter) 10.8 10.8 19.6 20.0 17.2 21.2 (spring) 8.7 10.6 10.0 8.3 7.8 12.7 Oats 15.4 13.7 9.5 9.8 6.1 16.0 4.5 Millet 4.9 5.6 8.2 8.2 5.9 12.0 2.8 Rice 43.6 45.5 45.4 46.5 41.6 46.5 44.0 Flax Oilseeds 6.0 7.2 7.6 7.2 5.9 8.6 5.1 Sunflowerseed 9.0 8.7 11.2 11.4 8.0 10.3 5.7 Soybeans 12.6 11.0 12.0 14.7 13.4 14.4 Other Cotton (raw) 23.4 25.9 24.4 25.4 26.4 27.0 25.0 (fiber) Sugarbeets 264.0 279.0 320.0 316.1 266.9 259.9 147.8 Potatoes 115.1 112.0 108.3 112.0 85.7 112.9 98.9 Pulses 6.8 9.1 7.9 7.2 6.2 9.7 Vegetables 161.0 179.0 165.0 169.0 156.2 154.4 127.2 Fruit 18.4 53.6 29.6 37.9 16.1 41.9 14.6 Grapes 32.8 77.4 73.2 49.9 25.6 80.5 38.5 Other Corn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. .. Hay Source: Goskometat (SSC), April 1992. -189- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE NDICES, 1985-1992 (1s90 = 100) WHOLESALE PRICES .. .. . .. .. .. Industry .. .. .. .. .... Construction . Construction imports.. ....... Housing . . .. .. .. .. Investment goods.. ....... Agriculture.. ....... Agriculture imnports Foreign trade. ..... Exports .. .. .. .. ..... lImports .. .. .. .. .. .. CONSUMER PRICES State snd coop. prices 100 288 Food (excluding alcohol) 1. . . .. 00 285 Alcoholic beverages.. ....... Non-food products 100 291 State prices Prices of cooperatives Prices on tue ikolkhoz marketst Overall price index (D}ecemnber 1991 = 100) TAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES Industa y .. .. prices Consttuctionducts CZonstruiction irmports.. . ... ...... Housing.. ... ....... Investment goods.. .... ...... Agriculture .. Agriculture imoports foreign trsde .. . .... Exports.. ... ....... imports.. ... ....... CONSUMER PRICES.. .... ...... Goods and services.. .... ...... Garoceries.. ... ....... Nong,roceries.. ... ....... P-ublic restaurants.. .... ...... Services inde Groceries and nongroceries... ......... (December 1991 = 100) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MARU92 APRU92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES.. .... ...... Industry 100 632 2,012 4,700 Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries Source: World Ban: da(a. -190- KAZAKHSTAN TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) ................ ... .. ... ,., :, ..-. AVERAGtE 187 193 199 25234 265 434 MATERIAL SECTORS Indaustry 212 218 224 245 267 296 531 Electricity .. .. .. ........... Fuel ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. i t.. Metallurgy. Machine building . .. .. .. Chemic..s .. .. .... .. .. .. Wood processing and paper industry ........... Construction material . .. .. .. Textile... . . .. .... Clotbing .. ... . .. . ..... Leather an shoe industry .. Meat and dairy Fish . .. .. .. Other food processing .. .. ..d..ustry Construction 234 240 250 276 305 330 539 Agriculture 198 211 217 225 244 292 406 Transport 221 226 235 255 273 303 493 Commtications 145 147 156 185 198 228 389 Trade (retail and wiholesale) al 137 140 140 149 169 213 353 Other material production 121 126 137 144 161 176 NXONMATElUAL SECTORS ousing and co l services 142 144 148 164 178 199 338 Science, research & deveopment 203 213 221 261 293 320 458 EdCaaition 139 144 156 162 172 182 319 Culture 105 106 109 118 129 161 288 irmt 120 122 126 131 141 170 288 Heslth care, social security, spors 125 127 134 141 158 178 351 Banking, finance, credit, insurance 158 169 173 176 202 354 741 Government 155 161 173 197 228 335 474 a. Includes material & technical. Source: World Bank data. -1 91- Kyrghyzstan 1990 Population (millions): 4.4 Area (thous. sq. km): 198.5 Neighboring countries: China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan Capital city: Bishkek (0.6 million) Titular nationality: Kyrghyz (52%) Language: Kyrghyz Natural resources: Hydroelectricity, coal, gold, mercury, uranium Major agricultural products: Livestock, cotton, wool, silk, hemp, fodder, vegetables, fruit, grain Main industrial activities: Metallurgy, agricultural and other machinery, food and tobacco processing, electronics, textiles, sugar refineries, leather Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 8,320 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 1,893 -193- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91(THOUSANDS) _ *- .. 1,.98 19917W... ......9 - TOTAL POPULATION (MID-YEAR) 3,996 4,076 4,161 4,245 4,328 4,395 4,448 Urban 1,670 Rural 2,725 TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 1,614 1,651 1,703 1,716 1,739 1,748 1,750 MATERIAL SECTOR 1,203 1,225 1,265 1,267 1,273 1,269 Industry a/ 441 451 456 462 487 486 Construction Agriculture bl 530 540 577 577 577 573 Forestry .. .. .. .. Transport cl 121 122 118 112 96 94 Communication Trade andothermaterialservices 111 112 114 117 113 115 NONMATERlAL SECTOR 412 426 438 450 466 479 Housing and municipal services Science, research & development Education Culture and arts Health care, social security Banking, finance & credit institutions Banking, finance & credit inst. Government Other nonmaterial services a. Includes consmctdon. b. Inchldesforestry. c. Includes communications. Source: World Bank data. -194- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 000s with NRR+ 1 by 1995) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~................. ...... , - . . : - 9o............... .. ......... ..... ... , .,........ ...,,,............ ., S;:,0 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . ...; .. ;... .; .;.;;,;.;;., ;., ,;- TOTAL M+F 3,996 4,395 4,757 5,189 6,060 6,868 7,645 MALES 0-4 293 325 297 292 305 295 299 5-9 245 285 319 296 298 296 297 10-14 217 240 281 318 290 303 294 15-19 195 212 235 279 294 296 295 20-24 170 186 204 233 314 287 300 25-29 177 159 176 201 274 289 293 30-34 147 166 150 173 228 308 284 35-39 114 138 158 147 196 269 285 40-44 63 107 132 155 168 222 303 45-49 69 58 101 127 140 189 261 50-54 76 64 54 96 144 159 212 55-59 65 70 59 51 115 129 176 60-64 55 57 62 53 82 126 142 65-69 25 46 48 53 39 93 108 70-74 15 19 36 38 36 59 95 75+ 25 21 21 34 49 47 95 TOTAL 1,950 2,154 2,335 2,547 2,971 3,366 3,738 FEMALES 0-4 287 313 286 281 292 283 286 5-9 240 280 307 285 287 284 286 10-14 215 235 276 307 280 291 283 15-19 188 209 231 276 284 286 284 20-24 170 179 202 230 306 279 291 25-29 180 159 170 201 275 283 285 30-34 149 171 152 169 229 305 278 35-39 116 143 166 152 200 273 282 40-44 64 112 139 164 168 227 303 45-49 69 62 109 138 150 197 271 50-54 82 67 60 108 161 165 224 55-59 77 79 65 59 133 145 193 60-64 74 72 75 62 102 154 159 65-69 46 67 67 70 54 124 137 70-74 32 39 58 60 54 91 140 75+ 58 54 58 81 115 114 206 TOTAL 2,046 2,241 2,422 2,642 3,088 3,503 3,906 (average annual rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 73.8 77.9 76.1 68.7 53 49.7 49.3 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 31.9 26.5 23.7 20.8 17.6 15.8 DEATH RATE 7.6 6.8 6.3 6 5.6 5.6 RATE OF NAT. INC. 2.43 1.98 1.74 1.49 1.2 1.02 NET MIGRATION RATE -5.2 -3.9 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 1.91 1.58 1.74 1.49 1.2 1.02 TOTAL FERTIL]TY 3.944 3.524 3.104 2.456 2.085 2.069 NRR 1.831 1.649 1.463 1.169 1 1 e(O) - BOTH SEXES 67.98 69.32 70.76 73.28 75.52 77.97 *(15) - BOTH SEXES 56.29 57.16 58.15 60.06 61.83 63.78 IMR - BOTIH SEXES 33.5 28.7 23.9 17 11.9 6.7 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.041 0.035 0.029 0.021 0.015 0.009 a. Rates ar forfive years ending in spec*fic year. Source: World Bank (PHRI) projectons. -1 95- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ~~.... ... ..... . .. .. . .... .., .........,.. TOTAL LABORPFORCE .... .............. Of working age 825 .. .. ....881... Under 16 630 .. .. ..692... Over worng age 160 . . .. .. TOTAL EMPLOYED 1,614 1,651 1,703 1,716 1,739 1,748 1,750 STATE SECTOR 1,271 1,295 1,294 1,289 1,294 1,295 .. COOPERATIVES 237 235 232 242 254 264 Industry & construction . .. Agriculture ....... Collective F.rms 192 .. .. . 176 178 Other PRSVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED HOUSEHOLDOSERVICES .. .. .. .. .. 26 Source: World Sank dlata. -1 96- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 .,,,, , ... .X .< . X ... .,j , , ....... .~~~.. . .... ... TO)TAL EMPLOYED (THOUSANDS) 1,614 1,651 1,703 1,716 1,739 1,748 1,750 MATERIAL SECT*OR 74.5 .. .. .. .. 73.2 72.6.... .. ndustry 27.3 .. .. .. .. 28.0 27.8 ... .. Construction ... .. .. .. .... ....... Agriculture 32.8 .. .. .. .. 33.2 32.8... .. Forestry .......... ......... Transport 7. 5 .. .. .. . 5.5 54 ... .. Communication .. .. ... .. .. . .. .. ...... Trade and other material services 6.9 .. .. .. .. 6.5 6.6 .. .. NONMATERI AL SEC OR 25.5 . . .. .. 26.8 27.4 House and municiple services... ....... . Science, reerh and development... ....... . Education Culture and arts.2 .8 Heslth care, social security BTaning, finance, and credit institutions .. .. .. .. . . . 3overnment... ........ . Hoter nod nterial services Scoice: Table 1.1. -197- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (mlldlons of careNt rs) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture a/ 1,826 1,905 2,002 2,160 2,510 2,805 4,505 Net value added 1,649 1,717 1,806 1,960 2,315 2,599 4,058 Depreciation 177 188 196 200 195 206 447 Industry 1,898 1,755 1,875 2,081 2,250 2,348 5,985 Net value added 1,612 1,449 1,569 1,708 1,849 1,919 5,054 Depreciation 287 306 306 373 401 429 931 Construction 639 643 648 760 785 840 1,100 Net value added 568 567 587 647 671 720 864 Depreciation 71 76 61 113 114 120 236 Transport & communications 284 306 314 351 357 397 672 Net value added 155 169 169 188 200 231 307 Depreiation 129 137 145 163 157 166 365 Other material services 503 518 421 489 562 617 1,011 Net value added 454 466 379 444 520 557 869 Depreciation 49 52 42 45 42 60 142 Nonmaterial servicesb/ 958 971 1,018 1,100 1,157 1,313 2,566 Nd value added /b 714 711 753 796 813 969 1,784 Depreciation 244 260 265 304 344 344 782 Gross domestic product 6,109 6,098 6,278 6,940 7,620 8,320 15,839 Net value added 5,152 5,079 5,263 5,742 6,367 6,995 12,936 Depreciation 957 1,019 1,015 1,198 1,253 1,325 2,903 BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption 4,935 4,911 5,142 5,595 6,286 6,942 10,481 Private consumption 3,991 3,967 4,112 4,495 5,036 5,572 7,971 Government consumption 944 944 1,030 1,100 1,250 1,370 2,510 Gross domestic investment 2,163 2,200 2,301 2,493 3,015 2,785 5,445 Gross fixed investment 1,707 1,797 1,882 1,943 2,390 2,337 4,353 ]ncrease in stocks 456 403 419 550 625 448 1,092 Resource balance percentage share of GD) BY INDUSTRLAL ORIGIN Agriculture a/ 29.9 31.2 31.9 31.1 32.9 33.7 28.4 Netvalueadded 27.0 28.2 28.8 28.2 30.4 31.2 25.6 Depreciation 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.1 2.9 3.5 Industry 31.1 28.8 29.9 30.0 29.5 28.2 37.8 Net value added 26.4 23.8 25.0 24.6 24.3 23.1 31.9 Depreciation 4.7 5.0 4.9 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.9 Construction 10.5 10.5 10.3 11.0 10.3 10.1 6.9 Net value added 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 8.8 8.7 5.5 Depreciation 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5 Tmsnsport&communications 4.6 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.7 4.8 4.2 Net value added 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.8 1.9 Depreciation 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.3 Other material services 8.2 8.5 6.7 7.0 7.4 7.4 6.4 Net value added 7.4 7.6 6.0 6.4 6.8 6.7 5.5 Depreciation 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 Nonmaterial services bl 15.7 15.9 16.2 15.9 15.2 15.8 16.2 Netvalueaddedbl 11.7 11.7 12.0 11.5 10.7 11.6 11.3 Depreciation 4.0 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.9 Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Not value added 84.3 83.3 83.8 82.7 83.6 84.1 81.7 Depreciaton 15.7 16.7 16.2 17.3 16.4 15.9 18.3 BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption 80.8 80.5 81.9 80.6 82.5 83.4 66.2 Private consumption 65.3 65.1 65.5 64.8 66.1 67.0 50.3 Government consumption 15.5 15.5 16.4 15.9 16.4 16.5 15.8 Gros domestic investment 35.4 36.1 36.7 35.9 39.6 33.5 34.4 Gross fixed investment 27.9 29.5 30.0 28.0 31.4 28.1 27.5 increase in stocks 7.5 6.6 6.7 7.9 8.2 5.4 6.9 Resource balance a. Includesforestry. b. Excudes expendioure on social and cultural servwesfurnished by enterprises of the material sphere to their employees. Source: World Bank data. -198- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (millions of constnt 1983 rubla) BY INDUSTRUAL ORIGIN Agriculture 1,644 1,749 1,788 1,966 2,047 2,160 1,988 Netvalueadded 1,489 1,568 1,609 1,782 1,873 1,986 1,812 Depreciation 155 181 179 184 174 174 176 Industry 1,924 1,897 1,933 2,292 2,404 2,381 2,388 Net value added 1,672 1,602 1,653 1,950 2,045 2,019 2,021 Depreciation 252 295 280 342 359 362 367 Con*tuction 624 644 652 740 750 761 714 Not value added 562 571 596 636 648 660 621 Depreciation 63 73 56 104 102 101 93 Transport & communications 268 301 302 338 324 348 354 Net value added 155 169 169 188 184 208 210 Depreciation 113 132 133 150 140 140 144 Odier material services 484 497 428 464 537 561 537 Net value added 441 447 390 423 499 511 481 Depreciation 43 50 38 41 38 51 56 Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 5,846 6,045 6,076 6,869 7,133 7,361 7,094 Net value added 5,005 5,063 5,148 5,770 6,012 6,242 5,950 Depreciation 841 982 928 1,100 1,121 1,118 1,144 BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption 4,967 4,956 5,083 5,509 6,078 5,947 5,008 Private consumption 4,023 4,010 4,049 4,408 4,846 4,637 3,740 Government consumption 944 946 1,034 1,101 1,232 1,310 1,268 Gross domestic investment 1,930 2,113 2,056 2,325 2,775 2,182 2,116 Gross fixed investment 1,500 1,732 1,720 1,783 2,138 1,973 1,717 Increase in stocks 431 381 336 542 636 209 399 Resource balance (percentage growth) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture .. 6.4 2.2 9.9 4.2 5.5 -8.0 Net value added .. 5.3 2.6 10.8 5.1 6.0 -8.8 Depreciation .. 16.8 -1.1 2.8 -5.4 0.0 1.1 Industry .. -1.4 1.9 18.6 4.9 -1.0 0.3 Net value added .. -4.2 3.2 17.9 4.9 -1.3 0.1 Depreciation .. 17.1 -5.2 22.4 4.8 0.9 1.3 Construcion .. 3.2 1.2 13.5 1.4 1.5 -6.2 Net value added .. 1.7 4.4 6.7 1.9 1.8 -5.9 Depreciation .. 16.3 -23.9 86.0 -1.7 -0.7 -8.2 Ttansport & communications .. 12.2 0.2 11.9 -3.9 7.4 1.7 Net value added .. 8.8 0.0 11.2 -2.1 13.2 1.1 Depreciation .. 16.9 0.4 12.9 -6.1 -0.2 2.8 Other material services .. 2.7 -13.9 8.4 15.7 4.5 -4.3 Net value added .. 1.3 -12.9 8.5 18.1 2.3 -5.8 Depreciation .. 16.6 -23.4 7.6 -9.0 34.8 10.6 Nonmaterial services .. .. .. .. Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product .. 3.4 0.5 13.1 3.8 3.2 -3.6 Net value added .. 1.2 1.7 12.1 4.2 3.8 -4.7 Depreciation .. 16.8 -5.6 18.5 2.0 -0.2 2.3 BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption .. -0.2 2.6 8.4 10.3 -2.2 -15.8 Private consumption .. -0.3 1.0 8.9 9.9 -4.3 -19.3 Government consumption .. 0.2 9.3 6.5 11.8 6.4 -3.2 Gross domestic investment .. 9.5 -2.7 13.1 19.4 -21.4 -3.0 Gross fixed investment .. 15.5 -0.7 3.7 19.9 -7.7 -13.0 Increase in stocks .. -11.6 -11.7 61.1 17.5 -67.2 90.9 Source: World Rank data. -199- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES (millons of cgurrent 'irbler) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 4,438 4,368 4,510 4,946 5,554 6,027 11,152 BY ORIGIN Industry 1,612 1,449 1,569 1,708 1,849 1,919 5,054 Construction 568 567 587 647 671 720 864 Agriceulture a/ 1,649 1,717 1,806 1,960 2,315 2,599 4,058 Forestry .. .. .. .. .. ..... Transport & eommunications 155 169 169 188 200 231 307 Trade & catering 63 58 0 2 15 20 10 Matt nal technical supply . ... ............ Other material services 391 408 379 442 505 537 859 BY FINAL USE Consumption 4,220 4,200 4,389 4,799 5,473 5,973 8,614 Private consumtion 3,678 3,671 3,824 4,200 4,855 5,316 7,314 Government ConsUmnptiOn 542 529 565 599 618 657 1,300 Investment (accumnulation) 1,206 1,181 1,286 12,395 1,762 1,460 2,542 Fixed capital 750 778 867 745 1,137 1,012 1,450 *Dther 456 403 419 550 625 448 1,092 Losses .. .. .. .. .. ..... Net exports -989 -1,014 -1,166 -1,147 -1,681 -1,407 -4 Exports .. ......... I.ports .. . . .. .. .. (as perg of t tia prod) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry 36.3 33.2 34.8 34.5 33.3 31.8 45.3 Construction 12.8 13. 13.0 13.1 12.1 11.9 7.7 Agriculture a/ 37.2 39.3 40.0 39.6 41.7 43.1 36.4 Forestry Transport & communications 3.5 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.8 2.8 Trade & catering 1.4 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.1 Material technical supply Other material services 8.8 9.4 8.4 8.9 9.1 8.9 7.7 BY FINAL USE Consumption 95.1 96.2 97.3 97.0 98.5 99.1 77.2 Private consumption 82.9 84.1 84.8 84.9 87.4 88.2 65.6 Glovernment consumption 12.2 12.1 12.5 12.1 11.1 10.9 11.7 Investment (accumulation) 27.2 27.0 28.5 26.2 31.7 24.2 22.8 Fixed capital 16.9 17.8 19.2 15.1 20.5 16.8 13.0 Other 10.3 9.2 9.3 11.1 11.3 7.4 9.8 Losses Net exports -22.3 -23.2 -25.9 -23.2 -30.3 -23.4 0.0 Exports .. .. .. .. Imports .. .. .. .. a. Indudeu forest 53. Source: World Bankz data. -200- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ,,., . ... ,. , ;, ,., , ., , ; ;. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~........ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.............. ,....., E.., , ,.E..i.. (millons of CosAnt 1983 rubIes) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 4,319 4,357 4,417 4,979 5,250 5,384 5,146 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 1,672 1,602 1,653 1,950 2,045 2,019 2,021 Construction 562 571 596 636 648 660 621 Agriculture a/ 1,489 1,568 1,609 1,782 1,873 1,986 1,812 Forestry . .. .. ........... Transportation & communications 155 169 169 188 184 208 210 Trade & cstering 62 57 0 2 14 24 15 Material technical supply . .. .. Other material services 379 390 389 421 486 487 466 BY FINAL USE Consumption 4,636 4,201 4,353 4,719 5,316 5,088 4,177 Private consumption 4,094 3,671 3,786 4,119 4,706 4,460 3,521 G}overnment consumption 542 530 567 600 609 628 657 Investment (accumulation) 734 1,180 1,129 1,225 1,654 1,063 971 Fixed capital 659 750 792 684 1,017 854 572 Otbers 75 430 336 542 637 209 399 Losses .. ....... .. Niet exports -1,051 -1,024 -1,064 -965 -1,720 -768 -2 Exports .. .. 2,425 2,804 2,565 3,104 2,999 Impotts .. .. 3,490 3,769 4,285 3,871 3,001 (ercenJage growth) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. 0.9 1.4 12.7 5.4 2.6 -4.4 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. -4.2 3.2 17.9 4.9 -1.3 0.1 Construction .. 1.7 4.4 6.7 1.9 1.8 -5.9 Agriculture a/ .. 5.3 2.6 10.8 5.1 6.0 -8.8 Forestry Transportation&communications .. 8.8 0.0 11.2 -2.1 13.2 1.1 Trade & catering .. -8.2 -99.8 2,100.0 522.7 72.3 -36.4 Material technical supply Other material services .. 2.8 -0.2 8.0 15.5 0.4 -4.3 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. -9.4 3.6 8.4 12.6 -4.3 -17.9 Private consumption .. -10.3 3.1 8.8 14.3 -5.2 -21.1 Government consumption .. -2.2 7.0 5.8 1.5 3.1 4.5 Investment (accumulation) .. 60.8 -4.3 8.6 35.0 -35.7 -8.7 Fixed capital .. 13.9 5.6 -13.7 48.8 -16.0 -33.1 Others .. 472.9 -21.8 61.1 17.5 -67.2 90.9 Losses Exports .. .. .. 15.6 -8.5 21.0 -3.4 Imports .. .. .. 8.0 13.7 -9.7 -22.5 a. Includes foresory. Source: World Bank data. -20 1- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP TMLICJT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 . .......... .. .......... ........................... ....... ............ .......... ............. ......... BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculturea/ 111.1 108.9 112.0 109.9 122.6 129.9 226.6 Net value added 110.7 109.5 112.2 110.0 123.6 130.9 224.0 Depreciation 114.2 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 254.0 Industry 98.6 92.5 97.0 90.8 93.6 98.6 250.6 Net value added 96.4 90.4 94.9 87.6 90.4 95.1 250.1 Depteciation 113.9 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 253.7 Construction 102.3 99.8 99.4 102.7 104.6 110.3 154.0 Net value added 101.1 99.3 98.4 101.6 103.5 109.1 139.1 Depreciation 112.7 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 253.8 Transport & communications 105.9 101.6 104.1 104.0 110.1 114.0 189.7 Net value added 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 108.8 111.1 146.0 Depreciation 114.2 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 253.5 Other material services 103.9 104.2 98.5 105.3 104.6 109.9 188.2 Net value added 102.9 104.3 97.4 104.9 104.1 109.0 180.6 Depreciation 114.0 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 253.6 Nonmaterial sevices Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 104.5 100.9 103.3 101.0 106.8 113.0 223.3 Net value added 102.9 100.3 102.2 99.5 105.9 112.1 217.4 Depreciation 113.8 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 253.8 BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption 99.4 99.1 101.2 101.6 103.4 116.7 209.3 Private consumption 99.2 98.9 101.6 102.0 103.9 120.2 213.1 Government consumption 100.0 99.8 99.6 99.9 101.5 104.6 198.0 Gross domesic investment 112.1 104.1 111.9 107.2 108.7 127.7 257.3 Gross fixed investment 113.8 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 253.5 Increase in stocks 105.9 105.9 124.7 101.5 98.2 214.6 273.9 0(1983=100) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 102.7 100.3 102.1 99.3 105.8 111.9 216.7 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 96.4 90.4 94.9 87.6 90.4 95.1 250.1 Construction 101.1 99.3 98.4 101.6 103.5 109.1 139.1 Agriculture a/ 110.7 109.5 112.2 110.0 123.6 130.9 224.0 Forestry Transport & communications 100.0 99.8 100.0 100.0 108.8 111.1 146.0 Trade & cateing 101.3 101.8 100.0 100.0 106.6 85.2 66.7 Material technical supply Other material services 103.9 104.2 98.5 105.3 104.6 109.9 188.2 BY FINAL USE Consumption 91.0 100.0 100.8 101.7 103.0 117.4 206.2 Private consumption 89.8 100.0 101.0 102.0 103.2 119.2 207.8 Govemment consumption 100.0 99.8 99.6 99.9 101.5 104.6 198.0 Investment (accumulation) 164.3 100.1 114.0 105.7 106.5 137.3 261.9 Fixed capital 113.8 103.7 109.4 109.0 111.8 118.5 253.5 Other 607.9 93.8 124.7 101.5 98.2 214.6 273.9 Exports Imports . .. .. .. a. Includesforestry. Source: Tabks 2.1 -2.4. -202- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (m5e,ws of rubls) TOTAL, MATERIAL &E NONMATERIAL MLATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industry Con struCti on Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other TOAL, MATERIAL &c NONMTERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industrv Con strtucti on Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. ..... Housing .. .. .. .. .. ..... Other. . ... -203- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL UNVEST1ENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ..................................................................................................................................... .~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~ . .: ...... * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ... . . . .... ........... ... ...- . . ... ...... ... . (mllons of consan 1984 rubles) TOTAL, MATERIAL&NONMATERIAL 1,382 ... .. 1,601 MATERIAL SPHERE 981 ............1,000 Agriculture a/ 418 .. .. .. 340 .oresty .. .. . . . . lndust.y 386..... .. .. 500 Conœtruction 47. .. .. .. 78 Other in Materia 9phere 130 ...... 82 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 401 ... ... 601 Housing 244 .. ..... 373 Other 157 .. .. .. .. 228 (persentage grow*t) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 13 1.601 MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture a/ Foreshy Industry Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. .. Housing .. 373 Oiter . 228 a. Inadestforestry. Source: World sain data. -204- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) W<,§ MEljSj~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. .. . . ..... .. , ,. , ..j TOTAL LABOR INCOME .. .. 3,517 3,827 4,305 4,755 Regular wages ..... 2,719 2,891 3,177 3,474 Wages paid by co-ops ....... 32 101 139 Other wages & compensations .. .. 92 105 119 140 Income paid by cllective farms .. ..365 380 401 455 Income from sale of farm products .341 419 507 547 TO)TAL TRANSFER RECEIPT*S .. .. 895 1 ,066 1,043 1 ,284 Pensions and allowances .. .. 632 671 714 818 Scholarships .. .. 37 38 38 44 Income from financial system .. .. 138 231 163 293 Other income .. .. 88 126 128 129 Adjustment .. .. 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME .. .. 4,412 4,893 5,348 6,039 OUTLAYS TOT-AL PURCHASES .. ...3,675 4,109 4,536 5,031 Retail trade purchases 3,302 3,689 4,091 4,560 Purchased services, of which: ...373 420 445 471 Rent and utilities 9 90 92 93 Communications 27 30 33 36 O ealth&other se ices 11 13 12 14 Cooperatives .. 3650 12 12 20 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS 85610 698 819 912 Taxes, fees, duties, others 424 466 550 599 Savings . 7184 228 269 313 Other .. ..2 4 0 0 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 4,285 4,807 5,355 5,943 Income less expenditure ...127 86 -7 96 Source: Goskomsta. -205- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 189-90 (LL. OF CUIR. RUB.) , .................. . .... ...... . ........... .. .. .. ,,. . , . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . .... TOTAL TRADE 2,197 3,706 2,006 3,669 Foreign 43 615 52 759 Int&republic 2,154 3,092 1,954 2,910 OIL AND GAS 35 547 34 605 Foreign 0 000 lInerrepublic 35 547 34 605 ELECTDRIC ENERGY 121 43 101 51 Foreign 0 0 0 0 linterrepublic 121 43 101 51 COAL 20 29 21 36 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Inerrepublic 20 29 21 36 OTHERENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign . 0 0 0 0 linterrepublic 0 0O FERROUS METALS 13 187 9 194 Toreign 2 6 0 4 Interrepublic 11 181 9 189 NONFERROUS MEIALS 173 123 267 157 Foreign 24 6 32 1 nbtrepublic 148 117 235 156 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 19 314 20 307 Foreign 0 45 1 37 Inteiepublic 19 269 19 269 MACHRIE BUILDING 1,386 1,258 1,112 985 Foreign 8 55 13 79 Ihnterpublic 1,378 1,203 1,099 906 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 3 84 2 89 Foreign 0 4 0 9 lIerrepublic 3 79 2 80 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 16 66 13 67 Foreign 0 2 0 3 Intempublic 15 64 13 64 IGHT INDUSTRY 158 277 176 290 Foreign 2 83 2 90 Interrepublic 156 194 174 200 FOOD INDUSTRY 176 497 184 580 Foreign 4 354 3 477 Interapublic 172 142 182 103 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 23 67 16 43 Foreign 0 0 0 3 Interrepublic 23 67 16 43 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 33 123 31 146 Foreign 2 59 1 53 Interrepublic 31 64 31 93 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 22 93 20 115 Foreign 0 1 0 1 Interepublic 22 92 20 114 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 2 17 3 21 terrepublic 98 83 97 79 Source: Goakomstaz USSL. -206- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 198990 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) ~.... S........ . . , . . ........ ..... . . . . ....., ... .. .. . . , , ... . ........ . .. . ..... . ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ... ...... . . . ... ....- -- : - :: : : :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~X . . - - : : - : : . . . : : .. a . . , . . . . % . . TOTAL TRADE 2,600 4,296 2,499 4,243 Foreign 51 934 53 1,063 Interfepublic 2,549 3,362 2,446 3,179 OIL AND GAS 11 325 10 269 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interepublic 11 325 10 269 ELECTIRC ENERGY 80 29 67 34 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 80 29 67 34 COAL 22 32 22 38 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Inteffepublic 22 32 22 38 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 11 173 8 171 Foreign 2 5 1 3 Interrepublic 9 168 7 167 NONFERROUS METALS 142 99 164 98 Foreign 18 8 19 1 Interrepublic 124 91 145 96 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 24 409 24 374 Foreign 0 60 1 51 Interrpublic 24 349 23 323 MACHINE BUILDING 951 1,089 893 985 Foreign 5 70 11 106 Interfepublic 946 1,020 882 879 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 5 136 4 130 Foreign 0 8 0 15 Interrepublic 5 129 4 114 CONSTRUCIION MATERIALS 17 72 13 80 Foreign 0 5 0 1 1 Interrepublic 17 67 13 69 LIGHT INDUSTRY 660 895 648 966 Foreign 10 335 9 364 literrepublic 650 560 640 602 FOOD INDUSTRY 529 692 516 663 Foreign 10 348 8 415 Inteffepublic 519 344 508 248 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 26 71 21 87 Foreign 0 1 0 16 Interrepublic 26 71 21 71 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 102 183 92 247 Foreign 6 95 5 80 Ifterrepublic 96 88 87 167 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 20 91 19 102 Foreign 0 1 0 1 Inbrrepublic 20 90 19 102 MEMORANDUM TIEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 2 22 2 25 Interrepublic 98 78 98 75 Source: Goskomnat USSR. -207- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 TOTAL 67 870 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 41 574 61.5 66.0 Austrba 1 29 0.9 3.3 Belgium .. .. 0.0 0.0 BulgarA 6 66 9.0 7.6 Great Britain 1 10 1.5 1.1 Hungary 3 54 4.5 6.2 Spain 1 5 1.0 0.6 Italy 8 20 11.9 2.3 Netherlands 2 3 3.0 0.3 poland 3 63 4.5 7.2 Romania 2 14 3.0 1.6 Germany 6 157 9.0 1S.0 Finland 1 26 1.5 3.0 France 1 13 1.2 1.5 Czechoslovakia 4 81 6.0 9.3 Switzerland .. 2 0.0 0.2 Yugoslavn 2 25 3.0 2.9 Asia 24 145 35.4 16.7 Yiot Nam 1 9 1.5 1.0 Inda 1 25 1.5 2.9 China 10 30 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 8 9 11.9 1.0 Mongolia 1 5 1.5 0.6 Sydran Arab Republic .. 4 0.0 0. Turkey 0 6 0.6 0.7 .-apan 1 42 1.5 4.8 Africa 0 3 0.0 0.4 Amesca 4 50 5.4 5.7 Cuba 3 26 4.5 3.0 United States 1 10 0.9 1.1 Austalia andOceania 0 3 0.0 0.3 Note: Rbkles are according to official exchange rates. Source: Goskoms SNO Vneshnyaya wrya suverennyh respu-bik i prhbayskh gosudarss v 1990g., 1992. -208- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 MILLIONS OF RUBLES) TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 219 676 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 52 297 POL and other energy 155 697 Intermediate goods 480 1,060 Primary goods 270 255 Manufactured goods 210 805 Capital goods 1,101 939 TOTAL MBRCHANDISE 2,006 3,669 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 3 513 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepanwy 1 61 POL and other energy 0 0 Intermediate goods 35 116 Primary goods 32 11 Manufactured goods 3 106 Capital goods 13 70 TOTAL MERCHLANDISE 52 759 3NTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 215 163 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 51 237 POL and other energy 155 697 intermediate goods 445 944 Primay goods 238 244 Manufactured goods 207 699 Caspital goods 1,088 870 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 1,954 2,910 Source: World Bank stqffestiats based on of ficial reports. -209- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) Grants af .. .. 390 620 540 910 1,930 Transfers from all union Budget .. .. .. .. ........ TOTAL REVENUE .. .. 1,990 1,980 2,350 2,300 3,500 Tax revenue .. .. 1,760 1,830 2,130 2,180 2,660 Profits taxes .. .. 360 320 320 420 750 Income tax bI .. .. 260 280 320 200 380 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes .. .. 860 920 1,150 1,170 1,170 Value added tax .. .. .. .. .. 300 Custom duties ................. SociAl security contributioNs c/ .. .. 260 290 310 360 .. Other d/ .. .. 20 20 30 30 60 Nontax revenue .. .. 230 150 220 120 840 TOTAL EXPED14DTURE AND TRANSFERS .. .. 2,230 2,510 2,730 3,180 4,730 Transfers to all union Budget .. .. 520 590 710 760 1,280 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE .. .. 1,710 1,920 2,020 2,420 3,450 Current expenditure .. .. 1,400 1,530 1,630 1,940 3,260 A^dministration e/ .. .. 1,030 1,130 1,250 1,370 2,510 Defense.. ... Subsidies .. .. 370 400 380 570 750 Niational economy.. ........ Foreign expenditure . .. .. .. Of which: external debt service . .. ... Social-cultural expenditure.. ........ Of which: social benefits .. .. . Oter . . .. Capital expenditure .o .x 310 390 390 480 190 unvestmenties SURPLUS/DEFICiT (-) .. .. 150 90 160 30 700 FINANCING Foreign (net) Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states 59 76 1 Disbursement of foreign loans.. .... Domestic (net) Bsnk a. Incutes 200 milion rubes payment to the Union in 1991 that was classifed in the budget as expenditure. b. The revenue from the personal income tax was split between the republic and the Union in 1990. In other years, the entirefiunds went to the republic. c. The social security tax prior to 1990 was colected by the repubic and trered to the trade unions that ran the pension fu3nds. As of 1991, a separate pension fund was established that collects the contributions directly. dN Loa taxes, cnema tax, and others. e. Regers to wgae, goods, services and mainenance expenditures. Source: Worltd Bank dana. -210- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) .......................... ...... {,, ,{ ,, j,.... ....~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~................... ..... NET FOREIGN ASSETS .. ............1,765 3,983 Foreign assets .. .. .. .. .. ..... Foreign a.abilities .. .... .. .. .. .. NET DOMESTIC ASSETS ....3,608 5,905 Credit to government (net) .. VW.. 153 -145 Credit to state enterprises a/ .. ...... 3,864 8,398 Credit to cooperatives .. ..... Credit to households & other private sector .. .. ... ... ....... Other items (net) b/.h.i.. .. -409 -2,348 BROAD MONEY .. ..... 5,373 9,888 Money .. .. .. .. .. 1,766 2,883 Currency in circulation .. .. .. .. 1,766 2,883 Demand deposits Quasi money .. .. .. .. .. 3,607 7,005 Tine deposits . .. .. .. Savings deposits .. .. .. .. 2,093 3,146 Other deposits c/ .. .. .. .. .. 1,514 3,859 Foreign currency deposits .. .. .. Note: Data arefor December 31 in each year. The monetary survey was prepared on the basis of a 'uses and resources ' table that NBRK used to compilefor the USSR Gosbank and the consolidated balance sheet of the banking system. 7here are senous probkms of consistency and classficaiton with these data, and, consequendy, the resulting monetary survey is at best prelimunary. In general, it is not possibke to unambiguously iden4fy the ownership of a number of accounts or the maturity of the deposits. Moreover, there are more assets than iiabiiities in the consolidated balane sheet of the banking system. Important items, such as the reserveffund and the loanfund, are recorded as off-balance-sheet items. In addition, swings bank deposits (which includes viradly all household deposits), are not included in the balance sheet of the banking system a. Includes credit to cooperatives and credit to household and other private sector. b. Includes the difference between identified assets and liabilities of the savings bank, also includes discrepancy, which is calculated as a residual, and noncash advances from the Union. c. Might include demand, time, andforeign currency deposits. Source: IMF Economic Review, May 1992. -211 - KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) . .... . ........ .. .. .. . ........ .... . ...7 . .. L ... ........ -- } SSS.S- S:s . S. S .......... . . . . . . , . . . . . ., S . S .s :S:S :S - -- -S S . ... ... .. .. . ... .... ... . .. . ALL INDUSTRY, of which: FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY Electricity Fuel industry METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY FORESTRYIWOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS LIGHT INDUSTRY Textiles Clo'1t0g Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY Food processing Meat and dairy products Fish Source: -212- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (EILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) at ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 5,545 5,784 5,875 6,278 6,585 6,501 6,508 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 266 282 250 334 356 332 343 Electricity 205 221 190 272 295 274 289 Fuel industry 61 61 60 62 61 58 54 METALLURGY 154 177 208 242 268 289 294 MACHINE BUILDING 1,422 1,517 1,596 1,688 1,705 1,669 1,744 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 105 106 107 114 115 107 128 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 246 268 276 305 304 310 303 L.IGHT INDUSTRY 1,600 1,626 1,642 1,785 1,882 1,873 1,955 Textiles Clothing Leather and ahoes FOOD INDUSTRY 1,289 1,343 1,303 1,297 1,395 1,452 1,302 Food processing Meat and dairy products Fish c. In 1982 prices. Source: World Bank data. -213- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 MLLIONS OF KWH) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . .... ........... ...,. . .. , .. .. .. .. ~~~~~~~.. .. . ...... ... .... ..- -.. .. .. . . .. . . . .. ...... PRODUCTION 10,473 11,394 9,347 14,230 15,116... Thermal .. .. .. .. .. ..... Hydroa.. .. .. .. ........ Nuclear .. ............. IMPORTS 3,146 2,791 3,364 2,823 2,698w. Interr.public ....... .. . .. .. TOTALSUPPLY 13,620 14,185 12,711 17,053 17,814 ..... DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION 7,816 8,142 8,208 8,675 9,207... Industry nd construction 3,430 3,496 3,717 3,811 4,02 .. Agriculture 2,106 2,203 2,186 2,274 2,497... Transport 112 116 129 135 136... Other sectors 1,254 1,271 1,304 1,340 1,403... Households .. .... . ...... .. Losses 915 1,057 873 1,116 1,142 EXPORTS 5,803 6,042 4,504 8,378 8,608 Intepublic TOTAL USES 13,619 14,185 12,712 17,053 17,814 Source: Nahod s yrgtan, 1989. -214- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ,,, ,r ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . ., , ,,.. . . . . . . , ,,,,.. . , ...... -.-., ............. GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION .. .. .. .. .. ..... CROP PRODUCTION, of which: ......... Grains ................. .. Potatoes .. .. ... Vegesables .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Fmuit(oxcluding grapes) . .. .. .. Grapes .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Tobacco .. . .. . ....... Co.on .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Sugarbeets . .. .. .. Oilsoods . .. .. .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattle Pigs 8heep and goats Poultty Milsk Eggs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS Crop production Aniimal production Agroultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT b/ 1,649 1,717 1,806 1,960 2,315 2,599 4,058 Crop production Animal production Agricuitural services a. Data for 1991 are esctams. b. Inclhdesforestry. Source: Tabk 2.3. -215- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 .. ...... ....... .... ........................ ........ .. ................... GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 2,554 2,755 2,798 2,912 2,985 3,024 2,745 CROPPRODUCTION, of which: 1,127 1,217 1,118 1,148 1,118 1,107 933 Grans 161 179 208 192 180 171 158 Potaltoes 59 63 55 64 62 70 62 Vegetables 125 144 138 155 165 164 112 Fruits(excluding grapes) at 51 137 70 94 64 101 70 Grapes .. .. .. . Tobacco 400 301 265 262 262 281 219 Cotton . .. . Sugarbeets .. .. ............ ...................... LIVESTOCKPRODUCTION, of which: 1,427 1,538 1,680 1,765 1,867 1,917 1,812 Livestock, of which: . .. .. .. Cattle 235 265 273 299 355 379 369 Pigs 100 122 138 156 161 173 164 Sheep and goasb 252 284 287 306 321 330 298 Proulty 69 77 90 97 96 101 99 Mfilk 305 360 395 421 476 469 448 Eggs 51 55 59 64 68 69 64 Wool 279 308 321 326 331 335 313 AGRICULTURAL SERVICES . .. .. .. MATERIAL INPUTS ~~~~1,065 1,187 1,189 1,130 1,112 1,038 933 Crop production Anial production . .. .. .. Agricultural services NEs MATERIAL PRODUCT b/ 1,489 1,568 1,609 1,782 1,873 1,986 1,812 Crop prouction . .. .. .. Ansimal production . .. .. .. Agvcultural setvices a. Allfndg2ts. b. Includes foresthy. Source: State Statistical Committee and Rankt a&C esdmates. -216- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 (spring) 14.19.20.27 1791 Oratn-s eawih 123 136 187 167610 15 03156 MWleat .wn.)4656 8 2 6 6 Ryce Soybts 12 13 47 16 4 3 Sufotwers. Cotton (raw) 58 68 73 79 74 81 62 Cotton (fiber) . Sugarbeets ... .13 Potatoes 307 329 288 332 324 365 303 Pulses 4 5 6 6 4 4 Vegetables 445 512 491 553 585 487 397 Fruit 76 196 89 145 82 141 60 Grapes 27 63 36 28 33 43 27 Other...... Corn (fodder)...... Hay (average yield in ceninerslha) Grain - cleanweight 26.8 29.3 33.2 30.4 30.4 28.0 24.6 Wheat (winter) 23.1 27.2 31.8 28.3 29.9 25.4 (spring) 18.6 21.2 25.1 21.4 20.7 17.1 Rye Corn 64.4 66.1 68.6 69.8 68.1 61.8 56.6 Barley (winter) 19.1 29.1 27.6 23.5 31.7 30.7 (spring) 21.6 22.1 25.5 22.4 20.6 20.1 oats 24.1 21.5 30.1 21.5 24.1 24.8 Rice Flax Oilseeds ..... Sunflowers ..... Soybeens 17.4 19.1 20.5 17.7 22.2 17.4 Other .. .. Cotton (raw) 20.4 23.5 23.5 24.7 27.5 27.2 24.1 Cotton (fiber) ..... Sugarbeets ..... Potatoes 137.0 141.0 126.0 146.0 134.0 136.0 127.0 Pulses 12.5 13.3 12.2 13.1 12.1 12.9 Vegetables 199.0 225.0 207.0 201.0 215.0 196.0 174.0 Fruit 21.2 55.5 25.7 42.3 24.1 41.2 Grapes 39.8 92.2 57.5 44.6 50.1 63.2 Other . .. .. Corn (fodder) . .. .. Hay Source: Goskomstat SSSR. -21 7- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 , .. ........................... ........ (990 = 100) WHOLESALE PRICES . .. ........ Industry .. .. .. .. .. ..... Construction .. ....... Construction imports .. . . ..... Housing .................... Investment goods . .. .. .. Agriculture .. .. .. .. .. ..... Agriculture imports Foreign trade . .. .. .. Expod.s .. .. .. ....... Imports .. .. .. .. .. ..... CONSUMER PRICES 100 173 State and cooperative puices Food (excluding alcohol) . .. .. .. alcoholic beverages . .. .. .. Non-food products State prices Prices of coopeortives Prices on the 'kolkhoz market? Overall price index . .. .. .. (19_ =100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES . . . .. .. .. Industry. . . .. .. .. Construction . . . .. .. .. Construction imports Housing . . . .. .. .. Investment goods . . . .. .. .. Agriculture . . . .. .. .. Agriculture imports . . . .. .. .. Foreign trade . . . .. .. .. Exports. . . . . .. .. Imports CONSUMER PRICES .. 173 Goods and serces priew Gcroceries rages Nongroceries Public restaurants Services of ... ........ Groceries and nongroceries (9_ = 100) OCT 91 NOV91 DEC91 JAN92 FEB 92 MAR 92 APR 92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries Soarce: World Bank aor. -218- KYRGHYZSTAN TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............ ........ ...... ...... . . ........... . AVERA<3E 163 166 171 184 198 219 MATERIAL SECITORS Industry 188 194 198 215 237 264 Electricity 190 188 202 228 247 284 Fuel industry 262 272 282 290 318 343 Metallurgy 267 279 3S3 306 320 344 Machine building 204 210 213 228 251 282 Chemicals 201 211 218 226 245 268 Wood processing and paper industry 189 192 196 216 222 242 Construction material 195 198 211 227 256 297 Textile 177 181 181 206 242 271 Clothing 131 139 139 154 167 183 Leather and ahoe industry 169 171 168 192 217 235 Meat and dairy 166 177 186 186 204 221 Fish 145 153 155 171 176 194 Other food processing 157 166 177 182 199 215 Construction 199 205 212 238 248 274 Agriculture 151 151 152 162 180 198 Transport 185 192 198 211 223 239 Communications 142 147 153 174 187 214 Trade (retail and wholesale) 134 136 137 145 160 194 Other msterial production NONMATERlAL SECTORS Housing and communal services 136 139 144 154 161 180 Science, research & development 191 198 206 236 269 301 Education 146 151 163 166 166 168 Culture 108 109 113 115 118 132 Arts 130 131 133 135 138 150 Health care, social security, sports 121 122 130 138 143 167 Banking, finance, credit, insurance 157 165 174 180 188 319 Governmnent 152 162 167 181 207 297 Source: World Bank data -219- Latvia LAIM~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1990 Population (millions): 2.7 Area (thous. sq. kIn): 64.6 Neighboring Countries: Estonia, Russia, Belarus, Lithuania Capital city: Riga (0.9 million) Titular nationality: Latvian (52%) Language: Latvian Natural resources: Peat, dolomite, limestone, gypsum, amber, gravel, sand Major agricultural products: Potatoes, grains, vegetables, sugarbeets, livestock Main industrial activities: Machinery, food products, textiles, chemicals Currency: Latvian ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 12,201 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 4,542 -221- LATVIA TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (TMOUSANDS) , ., , ... ,, .. ................ .. h ............ ............................ .. . ... . .. .. .. . ... .... . . . ....... . . ...... ....... ....... ,, , , ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ............ , ,. . ..... ...,... .,;, TOTAL POPULATION (MDYEAR) 2,621 2,636 2,652 2,668 2,684 2,686 . Urban .. .. .. . .. 1,907... Rural ..... ..779 .. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 1,395 1,404 1,413 1,413 1,407 1,409 1,398 MATERIAL SECTOR 1,028 1,030 1,028 1,021 1,008 1,018 1,007 Industg .. .... Construction .. .. .. .. ...... Agriculture . .. .. .. Forestry .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Transport . .. . .. .. . Communication Trade and other mateial services. NONMATERIAL SECTOR 367 374 385 392 399 391 391 Housing and municipal services . .. .. .. Science, research & development . .. .. .. Education Culture and arts Health care, social security . .. .. .. Banking, finance & credit institutions Government . .. .. .. Other nonmaterial services Source: World Bani dava. -222- LATVIA TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 000s with NRR+ 1 by 1995) I0-5 19 19 2000 2010 202 TOTALM+F 2,621 2,686 2,765 2,813 2,904 2,982 3,054 MALES 0-4 104 97 98 97 99 99 98 5-9 94 106 99 98 97 99 98 10-14 87 96 107 98 96 99 98 15-19 94 88 97 107 98 97 99 20-24 94 95 90 96 98 96 98 25-29 103 96 97 89 105 96 96 30-34 98 104 97 96 94 96 95 35-39 88 98 105 96 87 104 95 40-44 74 87 97 103 94 93 95 4549 83 72 85 94 92 85 102 50-54 78 79 69 82 97 90 89 55-59 71 72 73 65 87 86 S0 60-64 55 63 65 66 71 87 82 65-69 34 46 53 56 52 72 75 70-74 22 26 36 42 47 54 69 75+ 39 31 30 38 56 66 92 TOTAL 1,218 1,257 1,299 1,323 1,371 1,417 1,460 FEMALES 0-4 100 93 94 92 95 94 93 5-9 91 102 95 94 93 95 93 10-14 84 92 104 95 92 94 94 15-19 88 86 94 103 94 93 95 20-24 88 91 89 94 94 92 94 25-29 103 92 94 89 103 93 93 30-34 99 105 95 94 93 94 92 35-39 92 101 107 95 89 103 93 40-44 80 93 101 106 94 93 94 4549 92 80 92 100 93 88 102 50-54 92 91 79 91 104 92 92 55-59 88 89 88 77 98 91 86 60-64 91 84 86 86 87 101 90 65-69 67 84 79 81 72 93 88 70-74 47 58 75 72 77 80 94 75+ 100 88 95 121 155 168 201 TOTAL 1,403 1,429 1,466 1,490 1,533 1,565 1,593 (average annual rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 49.7 52 53.5 53.8 55.1 59.6 64.2 1985-90 19095 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 14.3 14.1 13.7 13.5 13.1 12.7 DEATH RATE 12.9 11.2 10.3 10.6 10.6 10.2 RATE OF NAT. INC. 0.15 0.29 0.34 0.3 0.25 0.24 NEr MIGRATION RATE 3.4 2.9 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 0.49 0.58 0.34 0.3 0.25 0.24 TOTAL FERTErITY 2.03 2.03 2.03 2.041 2.051 2.061 NRR 0.97 0.972 0.974 0.983 0.991 0.999 e(O) - BOTH SEXES 69.86 71.87 73.69 76.21 78.07 80.12 e(15) - BOTH SEXES 56.12 58.02 59.71 62.04 63.76 65.66 BMR - BOTH SEXES 11.5 10.2 8.9 6.9 5.6 4.3 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.014 0.013 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.006 a. Rates are for five years ending in specific year. Source: World Bank (PHRH projecnions. -223- LATVIA TABLE 1.3: EMIPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ,,B, .: m§gE ...........~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ............ , ......... ........ .. ... .... ............... .. ...... ~~~~~~~~~~~~............. .,,..----'--........ . .... ..:. TOTAL LABOR FORCE 1,451 1,458 1,468 1,479 1,482 1,476 1,473 Of working age ........ Under 16 .. ... Over worldng.. age.. .... .. .. .. .. .. TOTAL EMPLOYED 1,395 1,404 1,413 1,413 1,407 1,409 1,398 STATL SLCAOR 1,249 1,255 1,259 1,253 1,211 1,139 1,083 COOPERATIVES Industry & construction Agdculture Collecfive Farms 138 139 140 141 146 152 145 Other PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED 1 1 3 4 8 12 18 HOUSEHOLD SERVICES sowrce: World Bank dzta. -224- LATVIA TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 *''''''' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 9* 1''''''""""''''''''''"'"''''''"''"''"'' TOTAL EMPLOYED (THXOUSANDS) 1,395 1,404 1,413 1,413 1,407 1,409 1,398 MATERIAL SECTOR 73.7 73.4 72.8 72.3 71.7 72.3 72.0 Indust .. .. .. ..y.. .. .. Construction .. .. .. ...... Agriculture .. .. ..... ...... Foreatry ........... Tranaportt .. ....... .. . .. .. Communication ....... .. Trade and other material servicea. .. .. .. NONMATERL1AL SECTOR 26.3 26.6 27.2 27.7 28.3 27.7 28.0 House and municiple services Science, reaearch and development . .. .. .. Eduction Culture and arts Heolth care, social security ranking, financ, and credit institutions. Covernment.. .... OTrer nonmaterial services Source: Table 1.1. -225- LATVIA TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. . .. . . ,.. . . . . . . . . .x . . . .. . .. . . ., ,.E.; . ,!,. ........ ; (mllions of curren rables) BY INDUSTRLAL ORIGIN Agriculture al 1,882 1,823 1,649 2,086 2,098 2,233 Net value added 1,629 1,559 1,372 1,802 1,805 1,931 Depreciation 253 264 277 284 293 302 Industry 3,348 3,617 3,774 3,657 4,043 5,178 Net value added 2,855 3,109 3,241 3,099 3,436 4,534 Depreciation 493 508 533 558 607 644 Construction 613 576 636 726 833 807 Net value added 548 513 559 640 744 717 Depreciation 65 63 77 86 89 90 Transport & communications 733 772 794 862 884 1,009 Net value added 459 466 475 526 551 668 Depreciation 274 306 319 336 333 341 Other material services 893 933 934 990 1,133 1,043 Net value added 859 898 896 954 1,094 1,004 Depreciation 34 35 38 36 39 39 Nonmaterial services bl 1,561 1,604 1,675 1,635 1,937 1,931 Net value added b/ 1,284 1,318 1,370 1,302 1,585 1,563 Depreciation 277 286 305 333 352 368 Gross domestic product 10,611 11,113 11,381 11,957 12,637 12,201 22,305 Net value added 7,634 7,863 7,913 8,323 9,215 10,417 Depreciation 1,396 1,462 1,549 1,633 1,713 1,784 BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption 5,839 5,972 6,148 6,210 6,789 8,226 Private consumption 4,811 4,892 4,991 5,010 5,546 6,889 Government consumption 1,028 1,080 1,158 1,200 1,243 1,337 Gross domestic investment 3,194 3,396 3,505 3,616 3,892 4,057 Gross fixed investment 2,910 3,193 3,286 3,420 3,493 3,338 Increase in stocks 284 203 219 196 399 719 Resource balance (percentage share of GDP) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture a/ 17.7 16.4 14.5 17.4 16.6 18.3 Net value added 26.9 28.0 28.5 25.9 27.2 37.2 Depreciation 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.8 5.3 Industry 31.6 32.5 33.2 30.6 32.0 42.4 Net value added Depreciation Construction 5.8 5.2 5.6 6.1 6.6 6.6 Net value added 5.2 4.6 4.9 5.4 5.9 5.9 Depreciation 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 Transport & communications 6.9 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.0 8.3 Net value added 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.4 5.5 Depreciation 2.6 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.8 Other material services 8.4 8.4 8.2 8.3 9.0 8.5 Net value added 8.1 8.1 7.9 8.0 8.7 8.2 Depreciation 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Nonmaterial services b/ 14.7 14.4 14.7 13.7 15.3 15.8 Net value added bl 12.1 11.9 12.0 10.9 12.5 12.8 Depreciation 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0 Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Net value added 71.9 70.8 69.5 69.6 72.9 85.4 Depreciation 13.2 13.2 13.6 13.7 13.6 14.6 BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption 55.0 53.7 54.0 51.9 53.7 67.4 Private consumption 45.3 44.0 43.9 41.9 43.9 56.5 Government consumption 9.7 9.7 10.2 10.0 9.8 11.0 Gross domestic investment 30.1 30.6 30.8 30.2 30.8 33.3 Gross fixed investment 27.4 28.7 28.9 28.6 27.6 27.4 Increase in stocks 2.7 1.8 1.9 1.6 3.2 5.9 Resource balance a. Includesforestry. b. Ercludes expenditure on social and cultural servicesfurnished by enuerprises of the material sphere to rkeir employees. Source: World Bank data. -226- LATVIA TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ... .. .. . .. . .. . ... (miWons Qf constant 1990 rubkes) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture 2,542 2,698 2,554 2,554 2,675 2,233 2,145 Net value added 2,246 2,385 2,221 2,215 2,330 1,931 Depreciation 296 313 334 339 345 302 Industry 3,886 4,134 4,389 4,663 4,937 5,178 5,178 Net value added 3,310 3,532 3,747 3,998 4,222 4,534 Depreciation 576 603 642 665 715 644 Consttuction 622 619 636 732 80S 807 Net value added 546 544 543 629 703 717 Depreciation 76 75 93 103 105 90 Transport & communications 915 968 1,006 1,086 1,095 1,009 Net value added 595 605 621 685 702 668 Depreciation 320 363 384 401 392 341 Other material services al 879 884 888 933 1,092 1,043 Net value added 839 843 842 890 1,046 1,004 Depreciation 40 42 46 43 46 39 Nonmaterial services 1,768 1,810 1,908 1,991 2,030 1,931 Netvalue added 1,444 1,471 1,541 1,594 1,615 1,563 Depreciation 324 339 367 397 415 368 Grossdomestic product 10,612 11,114 11,380 11,958 12,636 12,201 11,225 Net value added 8,979 9,379 9,516 10,011 10,619 10,417 Depreciation 1,632 1,734 1,865 1,947 2,018 1,784 BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption .. .. .. Government consumption .. Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment .. .. Increase in stocks Resource balance (percentage growt) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture -7.7 6.1 -5.3 0.0 4.8 -16.5 -3.9 Net value added -9.7 6.2 -6.9 -0.3 5.2 -17.1 Depreciation 10.9 5.7 6.7 1.5 1.8 -12.5 Industry 2.1 6.4 6.2 6.2 5.9 4.9 0.0 Net value added 0.4 6.7 6.1 6.7 5.6 7.4 Depreciation 12.5 4.7 6.5 3.6 7.5 -9.9 Construetion 0.3 -0.5 2.8 15.0 10.4 -0.1 Netvalue added -1.1 -0.3 -0.1 15.7 11.8 2.0 Depreciation 11.1 -1.6 24.1 10.5 2.3 -14.2 Transport & communications 1.7 5.8 3.9 8.0 0.8 -7.8 Net value added -1.5 1.8 2.7 10.3 2.5 -4.9 Depreciation 8.4 13.3 5.8 4.2 -2.1 -13.1 Other material services 3.9 0.6 0.5 5.1 17.0 -4.5 Net value added 3.6 0.4 -0.1 5.6 17.6 -4.0 Depreciation 9.2 4.5 10.2 -6.2 7.1 -15.1 Nonmaterial services 2.4 2.3 3.9 3.1 2.3 -3.9 Net value added 0.7 1.8 2.9 1.9 1.7 -2.0 Depreciation 11.0 4.6 8.3 8.2 4.5 -11.3 Gross domestic product -0.5 4.7 2.4 5.1 5.7 -3.4 -8.0 Net value added -2.3 4.5 1.4 5.2 6.1 -1.9 Depreciation 10.9 6.2 7.6 4.4 3.7 -11.6 BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consunption . . . .. Government consumption . . .. Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks a. Includes statsdcal disperancy. Source: Wortd Bank dma. -227- LATVIA TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~....... . .... .. .. ..... ..... .................... ...... ....... .. . ..... ... .. . ........... .. .. ....... . ... (millons of ciuvent iwbies) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 6,350 6,545 6,542 7,021 7,630 8,849 17,283 BY ORIGIN Industry 2,855 3,109 3,241 3,099 3,436 4,534 10,565 Construction 548 513 559 640 744 717 1,585 Agriculture a/ 1,629 1,559 1,372 1,802 1,805 1,931 2,S35 Forestry .. .. .. .. ....... Transport & communications 459 466 475 526 551 668 680 Trade & catering ......... . ........... Material technical supply .. .. .. .......... Other material services 859 898 896 954 1,094 999 1,618 BY FINAL USE Consumption 5,222 5,367 5,511 5,803 6,109 6,990 15,221 Private consumption 4,572 4,684 4,779 5,044 5,323 5,996 13,391 Government consumption 650 683 732 759 786 994 1,830 Investment (accumulation) 1,521 1,648 1,651 1,650 1,827 1,774 506 Fixed capital 864 933 1,007 800 803 799 -965 Other 657 715 644 850 1,024 975 1,471 Losses 69 62 70 66 73 137 160 Nt exports -462 -532 -689 -498 -379 -52 1,396 Eports . .. .. .. Imports . .. .. .. (as percentage of net merialproduct) NEr MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 109 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry 45.0 47.5 49.5 44.1 45.0 51.2 61.1 Constuction 8.6 7.8 8.5 9.1 9.8 8.1 9.2 Agriculture al 25.7 23.8 21.0 25.7 23.7 21.8 16.4 Forestry . .. .... Transport & comunications 7.2 7.1 7.3 7.5 7.2 7.5 31.9 Trade & catering . .. .. .. Material technical supply .. .. .. .. . .. Other material sevices 13.5 13.7 13.7 13.6 14.3 11.3 9.4 BY FINAL USE Consumption 82.2 82.0 S4.2 82.7 80.1 79.0 88.1 Private consumption 72.0 71.6 73.0 71.8 69.8 67.8 77.5 Government consumption 10.2 10.4 11.2 10.8 10.3 11.2 10.6 Investment (accumulation) 24.0 25.2 25.2 23.5 23.9 20.0 2.9 Fixed capital 13.6 14.3 15.4 11.4 10.5 9.0 -5.6 Other 10.3 10.9 9.8 12.1 13.4 11.0 8.5 Losses 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.5 0.9 Net exports -7.3 -8.1 -10.5 -7.1 -5.0 -0.6 8.1 Exports Inports .. .. .. .. a. includes forestry. Source: World Bank da(d. -228- LATVIA TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 --..,,............ . .. . . .: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............................ .............. .. ... ...... . . .. (millions of constat 1990 rubles) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 7,418 7,759 7,875 8,364 8,9S3 8,849 8,513 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 3,310 3,532 3,747 3,998 4,222 4,534 4,638 Construction *546 544 543 629 703 717 595 Agriculture a/ 2,246 2,385 2,220 2,215 2,330 1,931 1,861 Forestsy .. ......... .. .. Transportation & communications S95 605 621 685 702 668 563 Trade & catering .. .. . .. .. . Material technical supply ...... ........ Other material services b/ 723 693 744 837 1,026 999 856 BY FINAL USE Consumption 6,151 6,214 6,323 6,626 6,788 6,990 5,631 Private consumption 5,446 5,473 5,528 5,804 S,948 5,996 4,959 Government consumption 705 741 795 822 840 994 672 Investment (accumulation) 1,890 2,139 2,145 2,106 2,020 1,774 . F7ixed capital 965 1,031 1,066 821 653 799 . Others 925 1,107 1,079 1,285 1,367 975 . Losses 92 87 100 86 77 137 . Net exports -714 -682 -693 -454 98 -53 . Exports .. .. ........ Imports .. .. .. .. .. ..... (percensage growth) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT -0.2 4.6 1.5 6.2 7.4 -1.5 -3.8 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 0.4 6.7 6.1 6.7 5.6 7.4 2.3 Construction -1.1 -0.3 -0.1 15.7 11.8 2.0 -17.0 Agriculture al -9.8 6.2 -6.9 -0.2 5.2 -17.1 -3.6 Foresty Transportation & communications -1.5 1.8 2.7 10.3 2.5 4.9 -15.7 Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services b/ 46.6 4.1 7.3 12.5 22.6 -2.6 -14.4 BY FINAL USE Consumption 3.3 1.0 1.7 4.8 2.4 3.0 -19.4 Private consumption 3.0 0.5 1.0 5.0 2.5 0.8 -17.3 Government consumption 5.4 5.1 7.3 3.4 2.1 18.4 -32.4 Investment (accumulation) 6.6 13.2 0.3 -1.8 4.1 -12.2 .. Fixed capital 20.8 6.9 3.4 -23.0 -20.4 22.3 Others -5.1 19.7 -2.6 19.1 6.4 -28.75 Losses 1.2 -5.4 14.5 -13.7 -10.9 78.1 Exports Imports . .. .. .. a. Includesforestry. b. Includes stacnstcal discrepancy. Source: World Rankr data. -229- LATVIA TABLE 2.5: GDP & N IMPLICrT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 SSS: :S . ........... .... . ..s : :. S 'S : . : . ..:: .. . .... .............::::::S .. .. . ....S ''' s SS . .. -S. - - ' ''.. ., S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' - ' '.. ' - ' ' ' S-'.. .'S . .. . ... . .. .. . S-':S''S-S' -. ...... .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. . BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture a/ 74.0 67.6 64.6 81.7 78.4 100.0 . Net value added 72.5 65.4 61.8 81.3 77.5 100.0 . Depreciation 85.5 84.3 83.0 83.9 84.9 100.0 . Industry 86.2 87.5 86.0 78.4 81.9 100.0 . Net value added 86.3 88.0 86.5 77.5 81.4 100.0 .. Depreciation 85.5 84.3 83.0 83.9 . .... ........ 84.9 1000 Construction 98.6 93.1 100.0 99.2 103.1 100. .. Net value added 100.4 94.3 102.9 101.7 105.8 100.0 . Depreciation 85.5 84.3 83.0 83.9 84.9 100.0 . Transport & communications 80.1 79.8 79.0 79.4 80.8 100.0 . Nes value added 77.2 77.0 76.5 76.7 78.4 100.0 . Depreciation 85.5 84.3 83.0 83.9 84.9 100.0 . Other material servicea 101.6 105.5 105.2 106.1 103.7 100.0 . Net valu, added 102.3 106.5 106.4 107.2 104.6 100.0... Depreciation 85.5 84.3 83.0 83.9 84.9 100.0 Non material serv.cea 88.3 88.6 87.8 82.1 95.4 100.0. Net value added 88.9 89.6 88.9 81.7 98.2 100.0.. Depreciation 85.5 84.4 83.1 83.9 84.8 100.0 .. Gross domestic product 85.1 83.9 83.1 83.3 86.5 100.0 198.7 Net value added 85.0 83.8 83.2 83.1 86.8 100.0 .. Depreciation 85.5 84.3 83.0 83.9 84.9 100.0 . BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Private consumption ............I...... Government consumption .. .. .. ........... Gross domeatic investment .. .. .. .. Gross fixed investment .. .. .. .. ... ..... Increase in stoctcs . ....... . .. (1990=100) -NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 85.6 84.4 83.1 83.9 84.9 100.0 203.0 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 86.3 88.0 86.5 7.5 81.4 100.0 227.8 Construction 100.4 94.3 102.9 101.7 105.8 100.0 266.3 Agriculture as 72.5 65.4 61.8 81.3 77.5 100.0 152.3 Forestry .. .. .. .. .9 .... Transport & communications 7.2 77.0 76.5 76.7 78.4 100.0 120.8 Trade & catering . .. .. .. Material technical supply .. .. .. .. . .. Other material services 101.6 105.5 105.2 106.1 103.7 100.0 BY FINAL USE Consumption 84.9 86.4 87.2 87.6 90.0 100.0 270.3 Private consumption 84.0 85.6 86.5 86.9 89.5 100.0 270.1 Government consumption 92.2 92.2 92.1 92.3 93.6 100.0 272.3 Investment (accumulation) 80.5 77.1 77.0 78.4 90.4 100.0 Fixed capital 89.6 90.5 94.4 97.5 122.9 100.0 Other 71.0 64.6 59.7 66.1 74.9 100.0 Losses 74.7 71.0 70.0 76.4 94.9 100.0 Exports .. .. .. .. . .. Imports .. .. .. .. . .. a. Includes fores'r. Source: Tables 2.13- 2.4. -230- LATVIA TABLE 2.6: CAPlTAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (mlllons of rubles) TOTAL,MATERIAL&NONMATER1AL 950 1,029 1,120 1,259 1,360 1,324 1,581 MATERIAL SPHERE 665 644 750 809 989 910 954 Agriculture 238 230 269 261 250 253 324 Fore*.ry .. .. .. ..... .... Industry 282 256 290 363 511 438 410 Construction .. . .....-.. ........ Other inMaterial Sphere a/ 145 158 191 185 228 219 220 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 254 274 298 320 361 372 627 Housing 143 151 162 170 182 184 309 Other 111 123 136 150 179 188 318 (as percecntae of toal TOTAL, MATERIUAL & NONM[ATERIAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 MATERIAL SPHERE 70.0 62.6 67.0 64.3 72.7 68.7 60.3 Agriculture 25.1 22.4 24.0 20.7 18.4 19.1 20.5 Forestry .. .. .. .. .. ..... Industry 29.7 24.9 25.9 28.8 37.6 33.1 25.9 Construction .... ... .. ........ Other in Materiel Sphere a/ 15.3 15.4 17.1 14.7 16.8 16.5 13.9 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 26.7 26.6 26.6 25.4 26.5 28.1 39.7 Housing '15.1 14.7 14.5 13.5 13.4 13.9 19.5 Other 11.7 12.0 12.1 11.9 13.2 14.2 20.1 a. Calculated as a residual. Source: World Bwnsk data. - ~~~~~~-231 - LATVIA TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (milons of constant 19_naMes) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. Agriculture .. ..... Forestry .. .. .. lndustay .. . Construction .. .... Other in Material Sphere .. ..... NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. Housing Other fiercenabge grovak) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture F^orestry Industry C'onstruction O)ther in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHlERE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Hlousing .. .. .. .. .. ..... ther .. .. .. . . .. .. .. -232- LATVIA TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) . ....:::::S, *.*...*...*..............................198$ '1~6~~ 1k... RR:R '.' R Rt' ,, , , R~~~~~ ...... .....:... INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME 4,144 4,574 5,308 6,370 Regular wages 3,285 3,522 3,7S0 4,184 Wages paid by co-ops 82 392 S58 Otherwages&compensations 105 116 128 15S Income paid by collective farmns 421 441 505 588 Income from sale of farm products 333 413 503 582 TOTALTRANSFER RECEIPTS 1,208 1,323 1,514 1,684 Pensions and alowances 728 775 810 925 Scholarships 23 26 26 29 Income from financial system .. 192 236 262 369 Other income 265 286 416 361 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME 5,352 5,897 6,822 8,054 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES 4,902 5,281 5,792 6,866 Retail trade purchases 4,419 4,741 5,196 6,204 Purchased services, of which: 483 540 596 662 Rent and utilities .. 134 144 153 153 Communications 44 48 50 56 Health & other services 9 9 9 10 Cooperatives 1 21 39 70 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS 830 976 1,049 962 Taxes, fees, duties, others 565 628 744 857 Savings 257 333 305 105 Other 8 15 0 0 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 5,732 6,257 6,841 7,828 Income less expenditure -380 -360 -19 226 Source: Goskomsut. -233- LATVIA TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) .. .................. ... ... . ...... ........ Foreign 264 893 178 960 Interrepublic 4,149 4,747 3,939 4,873 O1L AND GAS 10 810 13 1,008 Foreign 0 1 0 2 Interrepublic 10 808 13 1,006 ELECTRIC ENERGY 122 184 131 167 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 122 184 131 167 COAL 0 39 0 42 Foreign 0 36 0 33 Interrepublic 0 2 0 9 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 lnerepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 137 406 120 425 Foreign 14 19 5 11 Interrepublic 123 388 115 415 NiONFERROUS MET'ALS 22 212 22 233 Foreign 1 2 0 1 nerrempublic 21 210 22 232 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 525 498 540 584 Foreign .9 60 6 107 Interrepublie 517 438 534 478 MACHINE BUILDING} 1,943 2,294 1,660 2,106 Foreign 114 271 94 311 Interrepublic 1,829 2,023 1,566 1,795 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 94 112 91 113 Foreign 16 13 13 12 Iterepublic 78 99 78 100 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 65 88 53 70 Foreign 3 2 4 2 Inlterrpublic 62 86 50 68 LIGHT INDUSTRY 291 236 326 292 Foreign 10 105 11 108 Interrepublic 281 131 314 184 FOOD INDUSTRY 619 373 617 357 Foreign 51 261 29 277 Interrepublic 567 112 589 80 OTHlER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 167 125 142 119 Foreign 8 4 3 10 Intbrrepublic 159 120 139 109 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 47 188 36 134 Foreign 16 118 4 84 Inbtrreublic 31 70 32 50 OTHIER (COMMUSNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 371 78 367 182 Foreign 23 3 9 2 Inerepublic 34X 75 358 17?9 MEMORANDUM 1TEMS Share of total expolu & imports Foreign 6 16 4 16 Interrepublic 94 84 96 84 Source: GoskomtsW USSR. -234- LATVIA TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) TOTAL TRADE 5,413 6,030 5,~~~283 6,327 Foreign 374 1,510 255 1,616 Iraerrepublic 5,039 4,520 5,028 4,711 OIL AND GAS 6 487 6 449 Foreign 0 1 0 1 Interrepublic 6 486 6 447 ELECIRIC ENERGY 81 122 88 111 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 81 122 88 111 COAL 0 26 0 33 Foreign 0 24 0 23 Inbterepublic 0 3 0 10 OTHlER ENERGY (PEAI) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 117 347 100 355 Foreign 15 14 5 8 Interrepublic 102 333 95 347 NONFERROUS METALS 14 138 13 140 Foreign 0 2 0 1 Interrepublic 14 136 13 139 CHE!MICALS AND PRODUCTS 693 701 653 733 Foreign 11 83 7 137 Interrepublic 683 618 646 596 MACHIlNE BUILDING 1,518 1,823 1,474 1,979 Foreign 115 321 98 392 Interrepublic 1,404 1,501 1,376 1,588 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 148 159 137 155 Foreign 28 20 22 19 laterrepublic 119 140 115 136 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 83 93 73 72 Foreign 3 6 4 6 lnterreoublic 80 88 69 65 LIGHST INDUSTRY 875 873 915 1,033 Foreign 24 417 27 416 Interrepublic 852 456 888 617 FOOD INDUSTRY 1,196 693 1,140 626 Foreign 107 380 58 396 Interrepublic 1,089 313 1,082 231 OTH{ER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 169 137 253 191 Foreign 8 8 4 33 Interrepublic 161 129 249 159 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 143 356 109 288 Foreign 41 232 23 181 Interrepublic 102 124 87 107 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 370 76 323 162 Foreign 22 3 8 3 Interrepublic 348 73 315 159 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Shlare of total exports & imxports Foreign 7 25 5 26 Interrpublic 93 75 95 74 Source: Gos*omstat USSR. -235- LATVIA TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 .. . . . ........... , . .. ..................... . Thud .. . ......... a. TOYTAL 1013 0. 0. of which: Europe 117 996.1 83.4 74.5 Austrna 6 13 4.3 1.0 Belgium 6 7 4.3 0.5 Bulgarn S 105 5.7 7.9 Great Britain 1 12 0.7 0.9 Hungaty 5 124 3.6 9.3 Spain 2 3 1.4 0.2 Ibaly 7 31 5.0 2.3 Netherlands 1 11 0.7 0.8 Pohand 13 140 9.3 10.5 Romania 5 31 3.6 2.3 Germany 14 241 10.0 18.0 Fnand 12 45 8.6 3.4 Prance 2 18 1.4 1.3 Czechoslovakia 6 121 4.3 9.1 Switzerland 1 1 . . Yugoslavia 3 31 2.1 2.3 Asia 16 118.8 11.5 8.9 'Viet Nam 2 8 1.4 0.6 India 2 28 1.4 2.1 China 4 12 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 1 9 0.7 0.7 Mongolia .. .. 0.0 0.0 Syrian Arab Republic .. 10 0.0 0.7 Turkey 1 4 0.5 0.3 .apan 4 32 2.9 2.4 Africa 4 8 2.5 0.6 Ametica 6 151 4.4 11.3 Cuba 5 70 3.6 5.2 United Statea 1 51 0.7 3.8 Australia and c 4 0. 0.3 Note: Rubles are according to ofial exchange rotes. Source: Gos3om3s6t SNG, Vnehnyaya torgovlya swerennyk respublik i pribablyskikh gosudarsv v 1990g8., 1992. -236- LATVIA TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 339 415 Ofther consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 795 473 POL and other enrgyW 144 1,226 Intermnediate goods 1,277 1,725 Primagy goods 84 373 Manufactured goods 1,193 1,351 Capital goods 1,563 1,994 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 4,117 5,832 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 28 315 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 20 102 POL and olher energy 0 36 Intermediate goods 38 235 Primagy goods 7 21 Manufactured goods 31 214 Capital goods 92 271 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 178 960 INTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 310 100 Othner consumer goods including ststisticsl discrepancy 775 371 POL and other energy 144 1,190 Intermediate goods 1,239 1,489 Primaty goods 77 352 Mianufactured goods 1,162 1,137 Capital goods 1,471 1,723 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 3,939 4,873 Soure: World BanJc stuff estimates based on of ficial reports. -237- LATVIA TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) .. ... -:.- ......:: - . ... .. :-. ..-:.... ,.: . :: : : .::: . :. - . :. . . ::::: ::: ~ ~ ~ . . ..... ..... TOTAL REVENUE , GRANTS AND TRANSFR 4,657 4,844 4,950 5,388 5,659 5,490 10,444 Grants .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Transfers from all union Budget 567 599 452 595 544 540 0 TOTAL REVENUE 4,091 4,244 4,498 4,793 5,115 4,950 10,444 Tax revenue 3,628 3,790 3,897 4,128 4,360 4,475 9,897 Profit taxes 1,329 1,417 1,533 1,515 1,554 1,420 2,087 Income tax 320 333 349 381 416 462 1,035 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes 1,768 1,760 1,726 1,923 2,053 2,124 3,234 Value added tax .. . .. .. Customs duties .. . .. .. ....11 Social security contributdons 210 279 289 310 329 442 2,962 Other .. .. .. .. 8 28 568 Nontax revenue 463 455 601 665 755 474 547 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE AND TRANSFERS 4,630 4,806 4,917 5,333 5,573 5,242 8,566 Transfers to all union Budget 1,412 1,462 1,555 1,635 1,624 36 0 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE 3,218 3,344 3,362 3,699 3,949 5,205 8,566 Current expenditure 2,958 3,086 3,062 3,354 3,538 4,728 7,935 Administration a! 556 586 623 622 715 827 1,933 Defenlse . . . .. .. Subsidies 1,115 1,115 1,006 1,230 1,266 1,677 962 National economy . . . .. .. Foreign expenditure . . . .. .. of which: external debt service . . . .. .. Social-culturalexpenditurexb/ 930 990 1,041 1,9 1,152 1,313 3,042 of which: social benefits Other 357 395 393 394 406 910 1,998 Capital expenditure 260 258 300 344 411 4M7 632 Inlvestment . . . .. .. SURPLUS/DEFICIT (-) 28 38 33 54 87 248 1,877 FINANCING Foreign (net)...n. . Repayment from foreign states . . . .. .. Loans to foreign states ervice Disbursement of foreign loans b. .. .. .. .. .. .. Repayment of foreign loansefi Domestic (net) Bank . . . .. .. a. Wages and salaty plus supplies and mainteace. b. Transfers to enterprises and individuals including other funds (Social Insurance, Enionetl Protection, Privatization, Agriculnural Staaion and Foreign Cetrency). Source: World Bank data; IMF1Economic Review, April 1992. -238- LATVIA TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) I_RSS~~~~~~~1* S9* Z9J S~8 19g 19f l; S NET FOREIGN ASSETS 1490 1,549 1,615 1,642 1,809 6,031 14,872 Foreign assets al 1490 1,549 1,615 1,642 1,809 6,031 14,872 Foreign liabilities .. 1,405 0 NET DOMESTIC ASSETS 3442 3,710 4,078 4,844 5,167 2,829 -52 Credit to government (net) -9 18 75 94 145 -646 -2,489 Credit to state enterprises b/ 3527 3,394 3,408 3,126 3,019 3,213 7,716 Credit to cooperativeS Credit to households & other priva sector 60 77 103 167 183 190 169 Other items (net) -136 221 492 1,457 1,820 72 -5,448 BROAD MONEY 4932 5,259 5,693 6,486 6,976 7,455 14,820 Money 1467 1,526 1,576 1,601 1,763 1,863 2,886 Currency in circulation 1467 1,526 1,576 1,601 1,763 1,863 2,886 Demand deposits Quasi money 3465 3,733 4,117 4,885 5,213 5,592 11,934 Tune deposits Savings deposits c/ 2521 2,753 2,999 3,312 3,587 3,630 5,788 Other deposits d/ 944 980 1,118 1,573 1,626 1,962 6,146 Foreign currency deposits a. Includes the cowaterpart of currency in circuladon. b. Denotes figurefor 'enteqpnses. c. Refers so hoasehold deposits. d. Refers to enterpnse deposits. Source: Fconomic Review, April1992 (1985-89); and Worl Rank daa. -239- LATVIA TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) : : ~~. . .. . . . ... . -.. ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 9,379 9,686 10,053 10,452 10,828 10,987 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 214 220 230 219 249 272 Electrici4y 166 169 182 174 200 229 Fuel industiy 47 51 47 45 49 44 METALLURGY 166 169 171 174 174 165 MACE{INE BUILDING 2,429 2,562 2,680 2,766 2,844 2,885 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 110 109 114 117 119 115 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 673 708 731 763 812 795 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS 456 479 505 522 504 498 CONSTRUCIION MATERIALS 302 319 334 347 335 348 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,885 1,901 1,932 1,975 2,007 1,977 Textiles 1,339 1,358 1,360 1,387 1,408 1,391 Clothing 315 309 323 329 337 344 Leather and shoes 223 224 239 246 248 228 FOOD INDUSTRY 2,422 2,475 2,602 2,725 2,827 2,739 Food processing 788 776 847 910 1,022 1,030 Mdeat and dairy products 1,020 1,063 1,117 1,132 1,130 1,083 fish 614 637 638 684 676 626 Source: World Bankc data. -240- LAT VIA TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (AMILIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ..................... ...........9 89........... ALL INDUSTRY, ...o . .h.ch 61.892.932.960.984.973 FUEL ....ENER ...Y INDUSRY.17 184 . 199...1..3..199..214. Eectr.........c...ty .. 130.133 .15 137...150..170. Fuel industry 48.......48...4...49...44 M ..ALL.... 166.....169 ... 17 174. 174.168 MACH ...E.BUILDING. 2,48 2,29.2779 2,88s2,51.,99 PULP AND .......PAPER .. INDUSTRY..110.109.114.118.119.115 CHEMICAL .......INDUS... ..Y 67 711 743 764 810 79 FORESTRY/WOOD~ PRDUT 438.463 485.504.481.468 CONSTRUCTION ... MAEIAS31 1734 36 33 3 LIGHT INDUSTRY .. 1,03 1,28 1,64 2,08 2,33 1,9 Textiles 1,346 1,366 1,370 1,399 1,409 1,390.................. Clothng .......321....320. 337 341 354 359. Lea ....her ...and ...shoes ...228...232...247...256. .248...234. FOOD .INDSR 2,366....2,414.. 2,538 2,635 2,741 2,64 Food ..proc.ssing 726.716.793.854.969.98 Mea .an .dary.rodcts99 1,029.. . 1,078 1,090.1,092 1,042 ...... . Fish.. . 644................ 669...667 691 680.....621.. a..I 1982 .. pr.......ce...s.I... So.........rce .I......... W orl Ban....... da.....-ta.................. .......................24 1 -. ...... LATVIA TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 198-91 (IMILLIONS OF KWH) ....~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .. . ........ ...................... ................... . ... .. ................................................... .......... . .... . .. . . . ........ ... ;....... .. . ...... .. ...... . ..... . ..... ............................... ....: ......... . . . . . . . . . . . i . ; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... . i.i --v i ....... i . i .i . -. ...........ii i .i v.......iii.ii - PRODUCTION 4,961 5,184 5,937 5,110 5,801 6,647 5,644 Thermall .. .. .. .. .. ..... Hydro .. .. .. .. .. ..... Nuclear .. .. .. .. .. ..... IMPORTS 8,373 7,850 8,175 8,500 7,740 7,138 7,054 Inbtrrepublic 8,373 7,850 8,175 8,500 7,740 7,138 7,054 TOTAL SUPPLY 13,334 13,034 14,112 13,610 13,541 13,785 12,698 DOMESTIC CONSUMPTI1ON 9,451 9,680 10,211 10,361 10,257 10,230 9,869 Jndustry and construction 3,682 3,786 3,914 3,970 3,933 3,766 3,606 Agriculture 1,833 1,860 2,074 2,116 2,103 2,166 2,033 Transport 400 421 445 434 423 390 350 Other sectors 2,302 2,406 2,484 2,606 2,591 2,722 2,719 Households ........ ... .. Losses 1,234 1,207 1,294 1,235 1,208 1,186 1,161 EXPORTS 3,883 3,354 3,901 3,249 3,284 3,555 2,829 .nterrepublic . . .. .. .. .. .. TOTAL USES 13,334 13,034 14,112 13,610 13,541 13,785 12,698 Source: Na,*hz latia, 1990., World Rank data. -242- LATVIA TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) .................... ,,,,, , --.. - .-.......... ... . . .. . .. . . . . GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 3,356 3,338 3,211 3,752 3,844 4,132 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 1,047 1,145 1,036 1,211 1,290 1,421 Grains 236 248 263 280 298 328 Potatoes 224 243 191 247 263 290 Vegetables 90 84 91 99 106 117 Fruit(excluding grapes) .. ... .. Grapes ..... .. Tobacco .. .. .. .. .. .. Cotton .. .. .. .. .... Sugarbeets 17 17 17 19 21 23 Oilseeds .. .. : .. .. .. .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 2,309 2,194 2,174 2,541 2,554 2,711 Livestock, of which: 1,212 1,198 1,187 1,369 1,375 1,460 Cattle 550 564 537 628 631 670 Pigs 521 501 504 580 583 619 Sheep and goats 22 21 21 24 24 26 Poulty 115 109 121 131 132 140 Milk 844 776 787 916 920 977 Eggs 82 85 84 96 46 102 AGRICULTURAL SERVICES .. MATERIAL INPUTS 1,727 1,779 1,839 1,950 2,039 2,202 Crop production 546 566 596 627 675 678 .Animal production 1,181 1,213 1,243 1,323 1,364 1,523 Agicultural services iNET MATERIAL PRODUCT b/ 1,629 1,559 1,3X7 1,802 1,805 1,931 Crop production 501 578 440 584 615 743 Animal production 1,128 981 932 1,218 1,190 1,187 Agricultural services......... a. Data for 1991 are estimates. b. Includes forestny. Source: LIan Statirtical Comion. -243- LATVIA TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 .. . . . . .... .......... . ... . . ............. ... . . ........ -.. . ... ...... . ............... ..... GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 2,878 3,035 2,984 2,940 3,054 2,743 . CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 860 977 898 863 990 793 . Grains 166 200 213 149 201 206 . Potatoes 243 299 217 212 252 194 . Vegetables 111 69 65 68 62 54 . Fruits(excluding grapes) .. .. .. .. .. ..... Grapes .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Tobatcco .. .. .. . .. .. .. Cotton................. Sugarbects 18 19 18 23 20 23 . Oilseeds .. .. .. .. .. ..... LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 2,087 2,035 2,086 2,0 2,064 1,950 Livestock, of which: 1,093 1,113 1,128 1,112 1,101 1,029 Cattle 529 525 537 526 527 502 . Pigs 429 449 444 440 424 397 Sheep and goats 13 2 12 13 15 14 Poultry 117 122 130 129 131 113 . Milk 775 776 788 782 783 750 E3ggs 84 88 88 88 85 78 . Wool . .. .. .. AGRICULTURAL SERVICES ........... MATERIAL INPUTS 1,580 1,646 1,690 1,650 1,622 1,613 . Crop production 530 568 595 520 572 538 . Animral production 1,050 1,078 1,096 1,130 1,050 1,075 . Agricultural segrices. NETMATERlALPRODUCT s/ 1,299 1,389 1,294 1,291 1,432 1,130 . Crop production 330 409 304 344 418 256 . Animal production 968 980 990 947 1,014 875 . Agricultural services . .. .. .. a. Incps sforesty. Source: Laian Srajnstical Commws.ion. -244- LATVIA TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . . .....-----:---- (productlon in thosands of tons) Grain - cleanweight .. ..*.. .. .. .. .. Wheat (winiter) 217 22S 296 270 360 370. (spring) .. .. .. Coarse grain Rye a/ 170 246 189 239 337 324 . Corn . .. ........ Barley (winter)... .. .. .. .. .. (spring). .. . .. .. . .. Oats 130 152 151 90 149 176 . Millet .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Rice Flax .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Oilseeds In .. of . . Sunflowerseed . .. .. .. Soybeansw.... Other . .. .. .. Cotton (raw) (fiber) Sugarbeebts. .... .. Potatoes .. .. .. .. . Pulses Vegetables . .. .. .. *=ruit . .. .. .. Grapes . .. .. .. Other Coorn (silage + greenchop) Hlay . .. .. .. (ave(bge yield in ceanersha) Wheat (winter) 23.0 23.6 28.9 25.8 30.6 26.3 . (spring) Coarse grain Rye /1 16.9 22.9 23.1 23.6 26.2 24.8 . Corn . .. .. .. Barley (winter) (spring) Oats 14.2 19.7 22.4 13.7 19.7 21.4 Millet Rice Flxn Oilseeds Sunflowerseed Soybeans Other Cotton (raw) (fiber) Sugarbeeb. Potatoes Pulses Vegetables Fruit Grapes Other Corn (silage + greenchop) Hay a. Winter rye only. Source: Latvian Statisdcal Yearbook, 1990. -245- LATVIA TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 ...............~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ..... . . . . .... ............... (1987 = 100) WHOLESALE PRICES .. .. Industry ........ Construction .. .. .. .. .. .... Constructdon imports .. .. .. .. .. .... Housing .. .. .. .. . Investsnent goods .. .. .. ... Agriculture .... .. .. ....... Agriculture imports Foreign trade .. .. . .. ..... Exports .. .. .. .. Imports ..... . ........ CONSUMER PRICES .. 100 104 109 120 326 State and cooperative pices. Food (excluding alcohol) . .. .. .. Alcoholic beverages . .. .. .. Non-food products State prices Prices of cooperatives . .. .. .. Prices on the ikolkhoz mat ets. Oveall pince index (JDecember1990 = 100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES . . . .. .. .. Industryr. . . .. .. .. CZonstruction . . . .. .. .. Construction imports Housing . . . .. .. .. Investment goods . . . .. .. .. Agriculture . . . .. .. .. A^griculture imnports . . . .. .. .. Foreign trade . . . .. .. .. Exports . . . .. .. .. Imports CONSUMER PRICES 129 147 153 184 192 187 198 199 234 Soods and services prices Groceries 206 221 222 220 226 229 n/a 263 291 Nongroceines alcohol) Public restaurants Services Griceries and nongroceres (December 1990 = 100) OCI 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 EB92 MAR92 APR92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports imports CONSUMER PRICES 252 270 417 .. .. .. .. .. .. Goods and services Groceries n2a n/a 942 .. .. .. .. ... Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries Source: World anks data. -246- LATVIA TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) AVERAGE .. ........ MATERIAL SECTORS .. ................. Industry 212 218 225 248 271 309 .602 Electricity .. .. .............. Fuel industry .. .. . .. .. .. .. Met.allurgy .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Machine building .. .. .. .. ....... Chemicals .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Wood processing and paper industry .. .. ... .. ........ Construction material .. .. .. .. . .. Textile....... - .. Clothing .. .. .. ........... Leather and shoe industry .. ................. Meat and dairy . .. . .. .. Fish .. .. .........- Other food processing......... .. ........ CZonstruction 242 250 266 295 333 385 674 Agriculture 214 224 227 235 259 281 473 Trqsort Communications Trade (retail and wholesale) *Other material production NONMATERLAL SECTORS Housing and communal services Science, research & development . .. .. .. Education 155 160 168 172 178 196 459 Culture . .. .. .. Aetauug Health care, social security, sports 142 144 154 163 176 204 452 Banking, finance, credit, insurance Government . .. .. .. Source: WorldsBank data. -247- Lithuania 1990 Population (millions): 3.7 Area (thous. sq. kin): 65.2 Neighboring countries: Latvia, Russia, Belahns, Poland Capital city: Vilnius (0.6 million) Titular nationality: Lithuanian (80%) LXanguage: Lithuanian NMatural Resources: Agricultural land, forests Major agricultural products: Grain, potatoes, vegetables, livestock Main industrial activities: Machinery and machine parts, processed foods, light industrial products (textiles, apparel, leather and fur goods, furniture, household appliances) Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 13,287 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 3,561 -249- LITIUANIA TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) , . ......................... .... ... .. . . . . ... . . .. .. ..... ........ A.... ...... ... .......'........ TOTAL POPULATION (MDYEAR.) 3,578 3,608 3,636 3,668 3,698 3,731 . Urb n .. . . ... 2,537 .. Rural .. 1. .. ...,194 .. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 1,860 1,875 1,893 1,899 1,903 1,853 1,860 MATERIAL SECIYOR 1,439 1,438 1,444 1,445 1,443 1,399 . Industry 571 576 581 585 575 552 .. Construction 180 180 197 224 227 217 . Agriculture 359 352 333 330 335 330 . Forestlry 7 8 8 6 6 6 . Transport al 149 146 146 123 118 111 . Communication .. .. .. .. . .. .. Trade and other material services 173 176 180 177 183 183 . NONMATERIAL SECTOR 420 437 449 454 461 454 . Housing and municipal services 67 71 74 72 74 78 . Science, research &development 39 39 40 38 38 39 . Eiducation bl 164 167 174 182 187 185 . Culture and arts.. . .. .. ........... Health care, social security 104 107 110 112 114 115 . Banking, finance &credit institutions 9 9 10 10 10 9 . 9OVernment 37 43 42 40 38 28 . Other nonmaterial services .. .. .. .. .. .. .. a. Includes commwuncations. h. includes culture and arts. Source: World Bank data. -250- LITHUANIA TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in OOOs with NRR+ 1 by 1995) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . . . ......,,,,,,,;,,,,,;,; ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... TOTAL M+F 3,578 3,731 3,901 4,007 4,199 4,356 4,494 MALE9 0-4 147 142 145 143 143 144 143 5-9 136 150 145 145 142 144 143 10-14 130 138 152 144 142 143 143 15-19 142 132 140 152 144 142 143 20-24 140 145 135 139 143 141 142 25-29 153 144 149 134 150 143 140 30-34 134 157 148 148 137 142 140 35-39 117 136 158 146 132 148 141 40-44 98 117 136 156 145 135 140 45-49 104 97 115 133 142 129 145 50-54 98 100 93 111 149 139 131 55-59 91 91 94 88 123 133 122 60-64 72 81 83 86 98 134 128 65-69 48 61 70 72 72 105 117 70-74 27 37 48 56 63 76 109 75+ 57 42 43 54 77 94 137 TOTAL 1,693 1,771 1,855 1,907 2,004 2,090 2,165 FEALES 0-4 141 136 139 136 137 137 137 5-9 131 144 139 138 136 137 137 10-14 127 134 147 139 136 137 137 15-19 132 130 136 147 138 136 137 20-24 132 138 135 136 138 136 137 25-29 150 139 144 135 146 138 135 30-34 136 156 144 144 136 138 135 35-39 122 139 158 144 134 146 137 40-44 107 124 140 158 143 135 137 45-49 117 107 123 139 142 133 145 50-54 117 115 106 122 155 141 133 55-59 115 113 113 104 136 139 131 60-64 110 110 110 109 117 150 137 65-69 81 . 102 104 105 98 129 134 70-74 51 71 92 96 99 108 141 75+ 117 102 116 151 205 227 279 TOTAL 1,885 1,960 2,046 2,101 2,195 2,266 2,329 (average annua rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 49.9 51 52.3 52.4 52.8 56.9 64.2 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 15.2 14.8 14.3 13.6 13.1 12.6 DEATH RATE 11.2 9.6 8.9 9.3 9.6 9.6 RATE.OF NAT. INC. 0.4 0.52 0.54 0.43 0.35 0.3 NET MIGRATION RATE 4.4 3.7 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 0.84 0.89 0.54 0.43 0.35 0.3 TOTAL FERTILITY 2 2 2 2.02 2.039 2.059 NRR 0.957 0.958 0.96 0.973 0.986 0.998 e(0) - BOTH SEXES 71.13 73.04 74.75 77.14 78.87 80.77 e(15) - BOTH SEXES 57.35 59.15 60.74 62.93 64.51 66.25 IMR - BOTH SEXES 11 9.8 8.5 6.6 5.2 3.9 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.014 0.012 0.011 0.009 0.007 0.005 a. Rates are for five years ending an apec~ifc year. Source: World Ban.. (PIR. N) proj. e.t.on.. -251- LrrHUANIA TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) < = fi U 4, 4 t tAmEr ~~~~~~~~~~~~.. .. .... . . . .. . . . . ....... .... ......... . ........ .. .... %~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... ..... ............ .... TOTALLABORPFORCE . .. .. .. ........ Of workngage8 1,709 1,726 1,737 1,739 1,747 1,696 1,703 Under16 151 148 156 160 157 157 157 Over working age .............. ..... TOTAL EMPLOYED 1,860 1,875 1,893 1,899 1,903 1,853 1,860 STATE SECTOR 1,563 1,580 1,600 1,591 1,523 1,459 1,377 COOPERATIVES Industr & constrction A gricul. . .. ... . ... .... Cofllve Farms 228 227 223 . 221 227 227 214 Other... .. .. .. .. .. .. PRiVATE SECTOR 29 26 23 25 35 60 105 *SELF-EMPLOYED 5 5 6 13 11 9 14 HOUSEHOLD SERVICES .. ..... ..... .. .. Sore: Worid a . -252- 1'1 a7q±l :0a0nos ..ooos Jo1mo S I OZ ITZ Z Z £-Z O Z UOU1U1OAOD 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 5,0 S0 9UOn1fl$ wJo pUg S oUUUg '"UBa Z 9 0 9 69 B'S L S 9SIBI.OO9 '- IpT-H 0 01 86 9 6 Z 6 62 B's UOB4wOnpg l-Z O-Z O-Z T-Z T-Z l Z wuQdojAOp pw IpVsaJ ' U°S Z't 6-£ E8 6-£ S-£ 9£ Muas dpO n pwu OMnOH 517Z ZtZ 6-EZ L-£Z £-£Z 9ZZ dOiLDS Wf 13aLVNmON 6 6 9 6 £ 6 S 6 V 6 £ 6 M!aol"a Miutl"m Jqo pug OPB .. .. .. .. *. *- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~UOflBOUnEfltUOD 0 9 Z9 S C9 L-L S-L O' Siodsuuij £-O £ £0 0t' 0 0 0 JC@Od SLI 9Ll t'Ll 9L1 SI £V61 .IwlnouSv LC l 6-11 SIll tOT 9-6 L-6 uoIplnjpuoD 8W6Z ZOE 8 LOE LOE £OE LOE£ Asnpul S-SL S8-L 1'9L S-9L L'9L t-LL -dO13aS IVIUaLYV 09S'1 £S'IT £06'1 66S'T £6S'1 SLS'I 099'T (saNvsdnoHj) aAoriam a'vio1 16-S861 'IN3WAO1dWY3 'IVI J 0 VIYDE W21JV SY XOIC)3S Ag INAOId3 :t'1 3'aIU . . ...F.. . . . LlTHUANIA TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .........~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... (mllons of curent rubles) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture a/ 2,565 2,8S2 2,699 3,119 3,366 3,658 Net value added Depreciation Industry 2,998 3,486 3,679 3,815 4,257 4,213 Net value added Depreciation Construction 1,067 1,129 1,244 1,296 1,309 1,377 Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications 509 568 550 607 653 777. Net value added Depreciation Other material services 1,377 1,362 1,264 1,358 1,336 1,382 Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services b/ 1,383 1,360 1,522 1,641 1,768 1,879 Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 9,897 10,786 10,960 11,836 12,689 13,287 36,700 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption 7,785 8,489 8,962 9,792 10,895 Private consumption 5,776 6,166 6,669 7,298 8,308 Government consumption 2,009 2,323 2,293 2,494 2,587 Gross domestic investment 3,171 3,641 4,493 4,221 3,921 Gross fixed investment 2,989 3,584 4,047 3,910 3,735 Increase in stocks 182 57 446 310 186 Resource balance (percentage shre of GDP) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture a/ 25.9 26.7 24.6 26.4 26.5 27.5 Net value added Depreciation bIdustry 30.3 32.3 33.6 32.2 33.5 31.7 Net value added Depreciation Construction 10.8 10.5 11.4 10 9 10.3 10.4 Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications S. 5.3 5.0 1 5 5.9 Net value added Depreciation Other material services 13.9 12.6 I.5 1.5 10.5 10.4 Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services b/ 14.0 12.6 13.9 13.9 13.9 14.1 Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDIIURE CATEGORY Consumption 78.7 77.5 75.7 77.2 82.0 Private consumption 58.4 56.3 56.3 57.5 62.5 Govemment consumption 20.3 21.2 19.4 19.7 19.5 Gross domesdc investment 32.0 33.2 38.0 33.3 29.5 Gross fixed investment 30.2 32.7 34.2 30.8 28.1 Increaseinstocks 1. 0.5 3.8 2.4 1.4 Resource balance a. Includesforestry. b. Excldes expenditure on social and culural services furnshed by enterprises of the material sphere to dir employees. Source: World Bank data. -254- LITHUANIA TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ................................................. ......... ......... ...... ................ (millons of coaut' 1990 rube) BY INDUSTRAL ORIGIN Agriculture 3,511 4,253 4,033 4,150 4,115 3,658 . Net value added ................... Depreciation .... ........... .. Industry 2,966 3,252 3,415 4,149 4,281 4,213 . Net value added .. I.. .. Depreciation .. .. ... Conatruction 1,138 1,282 1,420 1,440 1,375 1,377 . Net value added .. .. .. .. .. .... Depreciation .. .. .. ...... Transport & communications 794 895 855 955 980 777 . Net value added . . .. .. .. .. .. Depreciation ...... .. .. ..... Othler material servicea a/ 1,382 1,401 1,273 1,453 1,540 1,382 . Net value added .. .. .. .. .. .... Depreciation .. .. .. .. ........ Nonmaterial servicea 1,78 9 1,798 1,908 1,980 1,986 1,879 . Net value added .. . Depreciation .. .. . .. .. ... .. Gross domeatic product 11,581 12,880 12,903 14,127 14,277 13,287 . Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciation . . .. .. ..... .. . .. BAY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption .. .. ...... Private consumption .. .. .......... .. OVetnment conaumption .. Gross domeatic inveatment .. Gross fixed inveatment .. .. . .. .. Incuase in stocs .. .. .. .. 4.2.3 Rteaource baanced (percentage growtlh) BY INDUSRIUAL ORIGIN Agriculture -22.6 21.1 -5.2 2.9 -0.8 -11.1 . Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciation Industry -1.0 9.6 5.0 21.5 3.2 -1.6 .. Net value added Depreciation Constucotion 0.2 12.6 10.7 1.4 -4.5 0.2 Net value added Depreciation Transpot &communications 7.8 12.7 -4.5 11.7 2.6 -20.71. Net value added Depreciation Other material services -0.5 1.4 -9.1 14.1 6.0 -10.3 .. Net value added Depreciation Nonmateridl servicea 4.9 0.5 6.1 3.8 0.3 -5.4 . Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. ........ Gross domestic product -7.4 11.2 0.2 9.5 1.1 -6.91.. Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption .. .. .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. Gross domestic investment .. .. .. .. Gross fixed investment .. .. .. .. Increase in stocks .. .. .. .. a. Details exclude satsca discrepncy. Source: Word Baan . -255- LITHUANIA TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ......., .. , ..,. , . .,. . . .. . .. . .. . . .. X . (nuhilon of cumwu 'H) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 7,513 7,922 8,280 8,913 9,550 10,000 23,423 BY ORIGIN Industry 2,447 2,780 3,059 3,073 3,481 3,407 14,717 Construction 1,026 1,014 1,173 1,225 1,251 1,338 1,499 Agrnculture 2,322 2,422 2,379 2,810 3,029 3,330 4,032 Forestry -10 11 11 13 14 12 13 Transport & communications 367 403 384 435 461 586 9S1 Trade &catering 401 419 412 471 530 599 1,1S7 Material technical supply 162 154 170 179 179 166 403 Other material services 778 719 691 707 607 561 622 BY FINAL USE Consumption 6,189 6,379 6,652 7,174 7,760 8,360 14,804 Private consumption 5,349 5,494 5,704 6,188 6,739 7,305 10,892 Government consumption 840 885 948 986 1,021 1,055 3,912 Investment (accumulation) 1,829 2,189 2,065 2,642 2,301 2,351 6,975 Fixed capital 1,100 1,274 1,77 1,325 1,209 803 . Other 729 914 293 1,317 1,092 1,548 . Losses 116 106 113 114 114 120 3,306 Net exports -621 -752 -550 -1,017 -626 -S31 -1,662 Exports .. .. .. .. .. ..... Imports .. .. .. .. .. .. .. (aspaerge of weat rNlprod NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry 32.6 35.1 36.9 34.5 36.4 34.1 62.8 Construction 13.7 12.8 14.2 13.7 13.1 13.4 6.4 Agriculture 30.9 30.6 28.7 31.5 31.7 33.3 17.2 Forestry 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Transport & communications 4.9 5.1 4.6 4.9 4.8 5.9 4.1 Trade & catering 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.6 6.0 5.1 Marial technical supply 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.7 Other material services 10.4 9.1 8.3 7.9 6.4 5.6 2.7 BY FINAL USE Consumption 82.4 80.5 80.3 80.5 81.3 83.6 63.2 Private consumption 71.2 69.3 68.9 69.4 70.6 73.1 46.5 Government consumption 112 112 11.4 11.1 10.7 10.5 16.7 Investment (accumulation) 24.3 27.6 24.9 29.6 24.1 23.5 29.8 Fixed capital 14.6 16.1 21.4 14.9 12.7 8.0 Otber 9.7 11.5 3.5 14.8 11.4 15.54 Losses 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 14.1 Net exports -8.3 -9.5 -6.6 -11.4 -6.6 -8.3 -7.1 Exports imports .. .. .. .. Source: World Rank data. -256- LrrHUANIA TABLE 2.4: NET MATERL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ~ ~~~~. ................ ....... ................................... ..... (millions of constant 1990 ru(bles) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 8,491 9,026 9,459 10,471 10,639 10,000 8,491 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 2,324 2,447 2,670 3,263 3,397 3,407 .. Constuction 1,088 1,152 1,338 1,350 1,304 1,338 Agriculture 3,284 3,731 3,731 3,820 3,763 3,330 .. Forestry 10 10 11 13 14 12 Transp~ortation & communications 644 707 676 763 777 586 . Trade & catering 464 465 459 515 583 599 . Material technical supply 156 163 170 163 179 166 . Other material services 713 664 646 766 757 561 . BY FINAL USE Consumption............ Private consumption . . . ........... Governmen.t consumption .. .. .. .. ........ investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. . .. Fixed capital...... .. .. . .. .. Ot.ers . .. . .. .. . .. Losses .. .. .. ........ Net exports . .. .. .. Exports . . .. .. .....-..... Imports .. .. .. ... .. .. . .. (percentage grow*t) NET MATERIAL PRODUCTr -4.4 6.3 4.8 10.7 1.6 -6.0 -15.1 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 2.0 5.3 9.1 22.2 4.1 0.3 Construction 7.0 5.9 16.2 0.9 -3.4 2.61. Agriculture -19.9 13.6 0.0 2.4 -1.5 -11.53.3. Forestry 0.0 3.8 2.8 18.0 8.8 -10.4 Transportation & communications 3.9 9.8 -4.5 13.0 1.8 -24.6 Trade & catering 5.1 0.2 -1.4 12.3 13.3 2.6 Material technical supply -1.8 5.0 4.0 -4.3 10.1 -7.1 Other material services 2.6 -7.0 -2.7 18.6 -1.2 -25.8 BY FINAL USE -.4 6.3 4.8 10.7 1.6 -6.0 -15.1 Consumption Private consumption Government consumption .. .. .. .. Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. Fixed capital Others Losses Exports Imports Note: Details do not add up due to satical discrepancy. Source: World RaBk data. -257- LXTHUANIA TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICIT PRICE DEFLATORS, 198591 . , , ,. , , ., S , , ,, ,, , , ,,., , ............ 2 v~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . (1990=100) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture 73.0 67.8 66.9 75.2 81.8 100.0 Net value added Depreciation Industry 101.1 107.2 107.8 91.9 99.4 100.0 Net value added Depreciation Constuction 93.7 88.1 87.7 90.0 95.2 100.0 Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications 64.1 635 64.3 63.6 66.6 1000 Net value added Depreciation ..0 Other material services 99.6 97.2 99.3 93.5 86.7 100.0 Net value added Depreciation Nonniaterial services 77.3 75.6 79.8 82.9 89.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciation Gross domedc product 85.5 83.7 84.9 83.8 88.9 100.0 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDIrURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domesdc investment Gros fixed investment Increase in stocks (1990 =100) N-Er MATERIAL PRODUCT 88.5 87.8 87.5 85.1 89.8 100.0 275.9 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 105.3 113.6 114.6 94.2 102.5 100.0 Construction 94.3 88.1 87.7 90.7 95.9 100.0 Agriculture 70.7 64.9 63.8 73.6 80.5 100.0 Forestry 102.9 103.0 103.0 103.0 97.5 100.0 Transport & communications 57.0 57.0 56.8 56.9 59.3 100.0 Trade & catering 86.5 90.0 89.9 91.5 90.9 100.0 Matrl technical supply 103.8 94.3 99.8 110.1 99.8 100.0 Other material services 99.6 97.2 99.3 93.5 86.7 100.0 BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Invedment (accumulation) Fixed capital Other Exports Imports Source: Tabks 2.1- 2.4. -258- LrTHUANIA TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (nulllons of nibles) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATER1AL 2,449 2,800 2,943 3,192 3,133 2,809 3,833 MATERIAL SPHERE 1,644 1,932 2,009 2,226 2,109 1,818 2,629 Agriculture 596 717 751 827 814 743 1,075 Forestry 5 6 4 5 5 7 9 industry 680 813 861 1,003 877 895 1,004 Construction 115 114 109 120 113 103 148 Other in Material Sphere 248 282 284 271 300 70 393 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 805 868 934 966 1,024 991 1,204 Housing 467 509 527 570 584 599 726 Other 338 359 407 396 440 392 478 fias percentage of totail) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 MATERIAL SPHERE 67.1 69.0 68.3 69.7 67.3 64.7 68.6 Agriculture 24.3 25.6 25.5 25.9 26.0 26.5 28.0 Forestry 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 industry 27.8 29.0 29.3 31.4 28.0 31.9 26.2 CZonstuction 4.7 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.9 Other in Material Sphere 10.1 10.1 9.7 8.5 9.6 2.5 10.3 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 32.9 31.0 31.7 30.3 32.7 35.3 31.4 Housing 19.1 18.2 17.9 17.9 18.6 21.3 18.9 Other 13.8 12.8 13.8 12.4 14.0 14.0 12.5 Sorsce: World Bank dA. - ~~~~~~~-259- LITrEUANIA TABLE 2.7: CAP1TAL INVESITENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 , ~~~~~~~~~~~..... ...... .. . .. ... ... ... .. ... . . . .. .... ... . . . . ... ... ........ ... .. . ...... . . ,. ............. ,.0 . .. .. .....5... ...... . 1 8 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~........ .-.::........ .. :.: .......... .... .... :.... (rAZw of contAit 1984 mRa) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 2,449 2,800 2,943 3,192 3,133 2,809 1,679 MATERLAL SPHERE 1,644 1,932 2,009 2,226 2,109 1,818 1,152 Agricultue 596 717 751 827 814 743 471 Foresty 5 6 4 5 5 7 4 Industry 680 813 861 1,003 877 695 440 Construction 115 114 109 120 113 103 65 Other in Material Sphere 248 282 284 271 300 270 172 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 805 868 934 966 1,024 991 527 Housing 467 509 527 570 584 599 318 Other 338 359 407 396 440 392 209 (percenge grow*) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 6.8 14.3 5.1 8.5 -1.8 -10.3 40.2 MATERIAL SPHERE 7.2 17.5 4.0 10.8 -5.3 -13.8 -36.6 Agriculture 0.0 20.3 4.7 10.1 -1.6 -8.7 -36.6 Porestry 0.0 20.0 -33.3 25.0 0.0 40.0 -42.9 Industry 3.2 19.6 5.9 16.5 -12.6 -20.8 -36.7 Constuction -2.5 -0.9 -4.4 10.1 -5.8 -8.8 -36.9 Other in Material Sphero 49.4 13.7 0.7 -4.6 10.7 -10.0 -36.3 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 6.1 7.8 7.6 3.4 6.0 -3.2 -46.8 Housing 5.7 9.0 3.5 8.2 2.5 2.6 -46.9 Other 6.6 6.2 13.4 -2.7 11.1 -10.9 -46.7 Souree: World Bank data. -260- LITHUANIA TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) .......... .,.,,,.,..... .. ........... .. .. . ........... . .. .. .... . .. . .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .........i.: .198.5: 196187 18 9 ~199 INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME .. 5,457 6,011 6,917 7,892 Regular wages .. .. 4,097 4,455 4,873 5,473 Inc. paid by collective farms .. 66 277 476 Other wages & compensations 129 144 172 183 Income paid by collective farms .. 566 596 731 875 Income from sale of farm products .. 665 750 864 885 TOTALTRANSFERRECEIPTS 1,405 1,600 1,941 2,114 Pensions and allowances .. 863 927 1,031 1,209 Scholarships .. .. 36 38 39 39 Income from financial system .. 263 333 345 563 Other income .. .. 243 302 526 303 Adjustment .. 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME .. 6,862 7,611 8,858 10,006 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES .. 5,807 6,410 7,185 8,010 Retail trade purchases .. 5,245 5,778 6,488 7,194 Purchased services, of which: 562 632 697 816 Rent and utilities 179 184 195 196 Communications 47 54 61 71 Health & other services 9 8 10 10 Cooperatives .. 2 23 54 153 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS 1,299 1,534 1,824 1,244 Taxes, fees, duties, others 785 862 1,037 1,193 Savings 505 658 787 7 Other .. 9 14 0 42 Adjustment .. 0 0 0 2 TOTAL OUTLAYS .. .. 7,106 7,944 9,009 9,254 Income less expenditure .. .. -244 -333 -151 752 Source: Goskomsta. -261- L1IHUANIA TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CUI. RUB.) TOTAL TRADE 4,8198094,18,1 Foreign 496 920 397 902 Intorrepublie 4,322 7,171 4,155 7,169 OIL AND GAS 785 2,325 679 2,360 Foregn 263 1 161 1 Interrpublic 522 2,324 518 2,359 ELECTRIC ENERGY 304 141 300 148 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 304 141 300 148 COAL 0 27 0 13 Foreign 0 0 0 0 lnterrepublic 0 27 0 13 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 1 0 2 0 Foreign 1 0 2 0 Interrpublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS MEIALS 27 383 21 375 Foreign . 4 28 2 18 Interrepublic 24 355 19 357 NONFERROUS METALS 13 248 12 264 Foreign 0 4 0 1 linterrepublic 13 243 11 263 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 306 638 310 72 Foreign 15 99 12 1 10 Interrepublic 292 539 298 611 MACHINE BUILDING 2,005 3,148 1,980 2,818 Foreign 128 316 147 401 ntrepublic 1,877 2,832 1,833 2,417 WYOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 177 139 140 143 Foreign 22 9 20 8 lnerrepublic 155 131 120 135 cONSTRUCTION MATERLbALS 73 85 68 113 Foreign . 6 9 5 8 Interrepublic 68 76 63 105 LIGHT INDUSTRY .436 288 446 311 Foreign 12 106 14 122 Interrepublic 424 183 432 189 FOOD INDUSTRY 474 287 371 275 Foreign 41 209 30 172 Interreublic 433 78 341 103 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 47 79 39 97 Foreign 2 3 3 11 Interrpublic 45 77 36 86 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 65 179 75 104 Foreign 2 136 1 51 Interrepublic 63 43 74 53 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATO, SERVICES) 105 122 108 329 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 104 122 108 328 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 10 11 9 11 Interrepublic 90 89 91 89 Source: Goslcomatat USSR. -262- LrrEUANIA TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) ... ... ... ... . . ... ...S.. ... ..9. . . . . . ........... . , . .,., .... ........... ..................... Foreign 475 1,563 414 1,616 Interrepublic 5,850 5,789 5,349 6,022 OIL AND GAS 485 1,010 305 880 Foreign 163 1 73 1 Interrepublic 322 1,009 233 879 ELECIRIC ENERGY 201 93 200 99 Foreign 0 0 0 0 luberre,oublic 201 93 200 99 COAL 0 30 0 14 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 30 0 14 OT HER ENERGY (PEAT) 2 0 3 0 Foreign .2 0 3 0 Interrepublic 0° FERROUS MET'ALS 32 333 23 320 Foreign 4 22 1 14 Interrepublic 29 311 21 306 NONFERROUS METALS 9 163 7 159 Foreign 0 6 0 2 Interrpublic 8 157 7 158 cHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 429 851 386 881 Foreign 22 137 16 145 Itemrpublic 407 714 370 735 MACHINE BUILDING 1,966 2,492 2,007 2,56S Foreign 118 372 175 499 ntTerrepublic 1,848 2,120 1,832 2,069 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 277 210 190 196 Foreign 39 15 33 13 Interrepublic 238 195 157 183 C-ONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 80 95 71 127 Foreign 6 14 6 14 Interrepublic 73 81 66 113 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,477 1,053 1,426 1,156 Foreign 31 406 32 492 Interrepublic 1,446 647 1,394 664 FOOD INDUSTRY 1,009 499 788 554 Foreign 82 336 67 284 linterrepublic 927 164 720 270 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 52 88 51 161 Foreign 2 5 3 36 Interrepublic 50 83 48 126 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 204 314 211 235 Foreign 7 249 6 117 Interrepublic 197 65 205 118 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 104 121 96 289 Foreign 0 1 0 1 Interrpublic 104 121 96 289 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 8 21 7 21 Intem,opublic 92 79 93 79 Source: Goskomsts USSR. -263- LflUANIA TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, O90 TO7TAL 407 1,294 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 292 945 71.6 73.0 Austria 3 19 0.7 1.5 Belgium 6 5 1.5 0.4 Bulgaria 32 113 7.9 8.7 Great Britain 13 11 3.2 0.9 Hungaty 21 87 5.2 6.7 Spain 4 4 1.0 0.3 Italy 11 26 2.7 2.0 Netherlamds -8 6 2.0 0.5 Poland 38 180 9.3 13.9 Romnia 17 31 4.2 2.4 Germany 46 221 11.3 17.1 Fmblnd 24 44 5.9 3.4 France 11 17 2.7 1.3 .Zzechoslovakia 32 106 7.9 8.2 Switzerland 2 15 O.5 1.2 Yugoslavia 8 35 2.0 2.7 Asia S0 118 12.2 9.1 V iet Nam 7 13 1.7 1.0 India 8 37 2.0 2.9 China 9 10 1.9 2.7 K'orea, Democratic People's Republic 3 S 0.7 0.6 Mongolia 7 4 1.7 0.3 Syrian Arab Republic .. .. 0.0 0.0 Turkey 4 5 1.0 0.4 Japan 9 30 2.2 2.3 Africa S 7 1.1 0.5 America 28 152 7.0 11.7 Cuba 23 67 5.7 5.2 United State. 4 49 1.0 3.8 Australia and Oceania 0 6 0.0 0.4 I'te: Rubles are according to official exchange rates. Source: Goakornata SNG, Vneshnaa torgovlya auverennyk reapublik i pribaltiyskk gosuaav v 1990g., 1992. -264- LITUANIA TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~. ... .... . ... ... ... ... ................ ........ ........ .. .. ... ....... ......... ... ... ... .................... . ....- ............. . . .... ..... .................... TOTwAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 429 312 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 351 594 POL and other energy 981 2,534 Intermnediate goods 882 1,904 Primary goods 136 427 Manufactured goods 746 1,477 Capital goods 1,910 2,726 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 4,552 8,071 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food -30 195 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 12 97 POL and other energy 164 1 Intermediate goods 61 232 Primary goods 10 - 16 Manufactured goods 51 216 Capital goods 131 378 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 398 902 INlTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 398 117 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 338 498 POL and other energy 818 2,533 Intermediate goods 821 1,672 -Primary goods 126 412 Mfanufactured goods 695 1,261 Capitaltgoods 1,779 2,349 TOTAL MERCHANDISE .4,154 7,169 Source: World Baksmiffcetmaics based on of fidial reports. -265- UTHUANIA TABLE 4.1: GENERAIL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) TOTALREVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS 4,776 5,153 5,011 5,490 6,160 5,970 16,188 GrantS .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Transfers from all union Budget 96 263 109 202 90 292 0 TOTAL REVENUE 4,679 4,S90 4,902 5,288 6,070 5,679 16,188 Ta xrevenue 4,032 4,187 4,236 4,530 4,991 5,276 14,951 Profit taxes 1,195 1,321 1,306 1,216 1,282 1,463 2,616 Income tax 396 415 445 . 504 611 677 1,987 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes 1,779 1,736 1,727 1,993 2,198 2,074 4,984 Value added tax 0 0 0 0 0 0 260 Customs duties 83 88 74 74 80 49 38 Social security contributions 571 619 675 733 809 1,003 3,677 Other 9 9 9 9 10 10 1,390 Nontax revenue 647 703 666 758 1,080 403 1,237 TOTAL EXPENDlTl)RE AND TRANSFERS 4,771 5,131 5,393 5,809 6,597 6,345 15,021 Transfers to all union Budget 667 780 630 720 1,025 805 0 TOTAL EXPENDITURE 4,104 4,351 4,763 5,089 5,572 5,540 15,021 Current expenditure 3,516 3,782 4,112 4,483 4,931 5,026 13,601 Administration 79 74 68 73 86 186 811 Defense .. .. . .. .. .. .. Subsidies .1,763 1,881 1,739 2,027 2,150 1,834 2,104 National economy .. .. .. .. .. ..... Foreign expenditure Of which: external debt service .. .. .. .. Social-cultural expenditure 1,519 1,607 2,192 2,278 2,552 2,808 8,621 of which: social benefits 650 709 1,215 1,236 1,416 1,655 0 Other 155 220 115 105 143 198 2,064 Capital expenditure 588 569 651 606 641 514 1,420 Inveatment ....... SURPLUS/DEFICIT (-) 5 22 -382 -320 -437 -374 1,167 FINANCING Foreign (net) Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states Disbursement of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Grants Source: World Bank data. -266- LXrHUANIA TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PEROD) ....~~b~5 i~86 i* .. -.-. .,.. ....................... NET FOREIGN ASSETS 5,252 5,694 7,964 10,796 11,641 9,715 20,291 Foreign assets a. 11,336 11,998 12,804 22,267 Foreign liabilities .........539 357 3,090 1,976 NET DOMESTIC ASSETS 1,829 1,789 279 -1,837 -1,413 6,177 18,320 Credit to goverlnment (net) 598 637 741 797 931 624 -2,733 Credit to statc enterprises bt 5,305 4,704 4,459 3,909 3,941 4,515 9,354 Credit to cooperatives .. .. ..I13 11 15 16 Credit to households & other private sector 148 173 199 329 399 713 2,596 Other items (net) cl -4,222 -3,725 -5,120 -6,885 -6,695 310 9,087 BROAD MONEY 7,081 7,484 S,243 8,960 10,227 15,891 38,611 Money 5,502 5,775 6,330 6,843 8,0S6 11,471 17,641 Currency in circulation 1,011 1,098 ,81 1,371 1,687 4,000 5,000 Demand deposibts 4,491 4,677 5,149 5,472 6,399 7,471 12,641 Quasi monCey 1,579 1,709 1,913 2,117 2,141 4,420 20,970 Time deposit dl - 1,579 1,708 1,912 2,115 2,138 2,237 2,239 SaviCgs deposits to .. . .. .. .. .. Other depoms in. .. .. .. .. .. . ForeigA currency deposits 1 1 2 3 2,182 18,731 Note: Monetary survey datafor 1985-87my be subject to sizabk erors because of incomp6ete inforation from Gosban6k a. Includes the corulerpati of curency in circulat6on (1988-91). b. Includes credit to cooperatives (1985-87). c. Includes bandc capital, reserves, valaton adjustmen*s, and net errors and omissions (1985-87); includes claims of the savings bankc on Gosband in Moscow and other claims, including reserve requirements (1988-91). d Includes savings deposit. Source: IMF Economic Report, Aprnl 1992 (1985-87J; and World Bank data. -267- LTrHUANIA TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~,$g......... .. . . ... .......... ... .... . ... . ...... ....... ........ ........ ... .... . . . . . ALL 1NDUSTRY, of which: 11,074 11,782 12,559 13,054 13,893 13,554 FUEL ENERGY 1NDUSTRY.. . Electricity 372 395 526 561 600 584 Fuel industry 467 496 524 549 552 428 METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING 2,251 2,408 551 2,753 3,057 3,104 PUL AND PAPER INDUSTRY 199 206 205 212 209 195 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 466 504 519 540 523 486 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS 381 402 428 441 449 427 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 587 610 636 662 677 857 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,443 2,498 2,598 2,695 2,797 2,865 Textiles 1,591 1,628 1,705 1,768 1,815 1,871 C:lothing 429 437 450 474 512 536 Leathersand shoes 423 433 443 453 470 458 FOOD INDUSTRY 2,766 2,859 2,930 3,005 3,033 2,846 Food processing... .. .. .. ..... Meat and dairy products .. .. .... Fish ................. Sofrsce: JMF Economic ReVieW, May 1992; and World Bank data. -268- LITHUANIA TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......... ......... ......... .. ........... ..... . .. .... . ALL INDUSTRY, of which: b/9,628 9,857 10,406 10,937 11,438 11,194 FUEL ENERGY lNDUSTRY Electricity 332 339 512 565 625 611 Fuel industry METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING 2,288 2,462 2,601 2,829 3,137 3,164 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 199 206 205 212 209 195 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 466 504 519 541 523 481 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS 579 400 425 439 446 425 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 588 610 635 661 676 649 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,473 2,540 2,645 2,752 2,836 2,890 Textiles 1,597 1,635 1,711 1,776 1,815 1,865 Czlothing 431 445 466 495 526 548 Leather and shoes 445 460 468 481 495 477 FOOD INDUSTRY 2,703 2,796 2,864 2,938 2,986 2,779 Food processing Meat and dairy products Fish a. In 1982 prices. b. E&chudes other industrial branches. Source: World Rank data. -269- LrHUANIA TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICrTY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMTON, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF KWH) PRODUCTION 20,963 22,416 22,755 26,000 29,158 28,405 . Thermal 11,090 12,157 13,213 12,801 12,133 10,959 . Hydro 395 378 359 389 379 414 . Nuclear 9,478 9,881 9,183 12,809 16,646 17,033 . IMPORTS 4,993 4,208 4,534 4,144 4,245 4,539 . Interrq,ublic .. .. .. .. .. .. .. TOTAL SUPPLY 25,955 26,623 27,289 30,144 33,402 32,944 . DOMESTIC CONSUMPTI1ON 14,742 15,313 16,108 16,780 17,024 16,430 . Industey and constcon 7,462 7,778 8,322 8,684 8,855 .. . Agriculturo 3,064 3,170 3,321 3,546 3,667 3,674 . Transport 254 258 276 271 261 ..... Other sectors 2,377 2,488 2,600 2,603 4,241 . Househ.olds 258 260 272 288 268 258.. ....... 1,585 1,613 1,590 1,677 1,636 1,552 . EXPORTS 11,213 11,311 11,181 13,364 16,378 16,513 . Interrepublic .. ...... TOTAL USES 25,955 26,623 27,289 30,144 33,402 32,943 Source: Statisdchsk Ezhegodniki*iy, 1989; World Banks data. -270- LITHUANIA TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 . ................... . , ........... ... ................ . .. . GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 4,775 4,986 4,939 5,565 5,918 6,335 . CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 1,406 1,703 1,590 1,886 2,091 2,378 . Grains. .. .. .. ... Potatoes .. .. .. .. ........ Vegesables .. .. ............ Fruit(excluding grapes) ...... .. ... Grapes .. .. . .. ....... Tobacco . .. .. . ....... Cotton .................... Sugaxbeets .. .. .............. Oilseeds .. . . .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 3,369 3,283 3,348 3,679 3,827 3,957 . Livestock, of which: . .. .. .. Cattle .. .. .. . ........ Pigs ..... .. .. ... ..... Sheep and goats . .. .. .. Poultry . .. .... Milk Eggs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES .. .. .. .. .. 6 .33. MATERIAL INPUTS 2,453 2,564 2,560 2,755 2,889 3,005 C'rep production . .. .. .. Animal production . .. .. .. Agricultural services . .. .. .. NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 2,322 2,422 2,379 2,810 3,029 3,330 . Crop production ... .... .. Animal production . .. .. .. Agricultural services. Source L asthorities. -27T1o- LlTHUANIA TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 4,564 4,773 4,775 4,891 4,966 4,519 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 1,511 1,624 1,586 1,640 1,703 1,400 Grains 332 369 411 355 421 413 Potatoes 354 442 267 354 368 301 Vegetables 83 93 83 98 86 79 Fruits(excluding grapes) .. .. .. ....... Grapes .. .. .. .. ..... Tobacco .. .. .. .. ... .. Cotton . . ........... Suga.beets.. . .... Oilseeds . . .. ....... LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 3,053 3,149 3,189 3,251 3,263 3,119 Livestock, of which: 1,728 1,769 1,776 1,793 1,809 1,687 Cattle 924 949 923 917 903 849 Pigs 657 663 690 698 719 660 Sheep and goats Poultry 130 140 148 162 174 166 Milk 1,177 1,209 1,236 1,271 1,282 1,254 Eggs 107 116 122 129 127 122 Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS 2,524 2,455 2,457 2,516 2,632 2,464 Crop production 859 867 835 Animal production 1,657 1,765 1,629 Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 2,040 2,318 2,318 2,375 2,340 2,071 Crop production 781 844 580 Animal production 1,594 1,496 1,491 Agricultural services Source: L4ihuanian au*horiges. -272- LrTXUANIA TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... E... . . __.. ...... . ... .; . ;, . ,, ;, ,,,, ;,,; , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ............. ........... ....... ... .... ~. ... .... (roduction in thousanlds of tons) Grain - cleanweight 2,461 2,756 3,063 2,688 3,272 3,265 . Wheat (wirdet) 613 636 749 858 1,151 1,176 . (spling) .. ... . .. .. .. .. R ye .. ..... .. ......... Corn .. ................. Bardey (wirter) .. ....... (sprin) 1,090 1,199 1,334 970 1,128 1,191.. Oats 180 197 241 186 201 196 . Millet .. .. .. .. .. ..... Rice~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .......... ....... .. . Plax .. .. .. .. .. ..... Oileed. .. ... .. .. - Sunflowers .. in .. of tow) Soybeens . .. .. .. Other ........... Cotton (raw) Cotton (fiber) .. .. Sugarbeets 933 906 838 1,212 1,075 912 .. Potatoes 1,851 2,312 1,397 1,850 1,927 1,573 Oilses 236 308 328 256 253 200 Vegetables 331 354 317 370 326 295 . Fruit 183 204 65 127 253 86 . arapes .. .. .. .. . .. Other .. .. .. .. Corn (fodder) .. .. .. .. Hay . .. .. .. (aveiwge yield in centus/ho) 3rain - cleanweight 2 3. 7.3 24.0 29.1 30.1 Wheat (witder) 23.5 26.2 33.1 31.1 36.1 33.9 (spring) .. .. .. .. Rye Corn .. .. .. .. Barley (winter) .. .. .. .. (spring) 22.8 23.8 27.1 22.4 27.8 29.9 Oats 17.8 20.4 26.0 19.3 22.4 25.3 Millet . .. .. .. Rice Flax Oilseeds .. .. .. .. Sunflowers .. .. .. .. Soybeens .. .. .. .. Other .. .. .. .. Cotton (raw) .. .. .. .. Cotton (fiber) .. .. .. .. Sugatbeets 268.0 261.0 238.0 350.0 313.0 285.0 Potatoes 141.0 173.0 107.0 146.0 161.0 140.0 Pulses 19.3 19.1 23.6 18.2 21.2 24.4 Vegetables 166.0 172.0 153.0 180.0 180.0 171.0 Fruit 46.5 51.9 17.6 35.3 71.3 24.5 Grapes .. .. .. .. Other .. .. .. .. Corn (fodder) .. .. .. .. Hay Source: Goskomst SSSR. -273- LITrHUANIA TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 ......................................... ............................ ............. ....................... ....... ........ ....... ,~~~~~~~~~~~.. , ... ....... . ........ .... . .. .... -. . i~~~~~~~~~~~A* '~# .9* -* -9 :Y .'.' ' (1955 = loo)) WHOLESALE PRICES.. .. .. .. . .... Industry . .. . .. . .. .. Condtruction .... .. .. ........ Construction imports .. .. .............. Housing .. . .. . .. ..... Investment goods . . .. .. . ...... Agriculture .. .. . ... .. Agriculture irnports Foreign trade.. .. .. .. .. .. .. Exports .. ................. Imports .. ..... CONSUMER PRICES 100 105 109 112 114 124 403 State and cooperative prices.. .. .. .. ... ..... Food (excluding alcohol) 100 110 118 119 120 131 420 Alcoholic beverages .. ... Non-food products b/ 100 99 102 107 110 119 390 State prices .. .. .. .. ........ Prices of cooperatives... .. .. .. ... .. .. Prices on the .kolkhoz m.arketsa" .... .. . .. .. .. Ovemall price index .. .. .. ......... (198 = 100) IAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports .. .. Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports .. Foreign trade .. Exports Imports CONSUME PRICES .. .. .. .. .. .. 403 Goods and services ..pnc Groceries .............. Nongroceries .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. PAublic restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries .. .. (19_= 100) OCT91 NOV91 DEC91 JAN 92 FEB92 MAR92 APR92 MAY 92 JUN92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction .. .. .. .. .. Construction imports .. .. .. .. .. Housing Investment goods .. .. .. .. .. Agriculture .. .. .. .. .. Agriculture imports .. .. .. .. .. Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services .. .. .. .. .. Groceries .. .. .. Nongroceries .. .. .. .. .. Public restaurants .. .. .. Services Groceries and nongroceries .. .. .. .. .. a. Used weigh",. b. Indicatr s oerproducts. Source: u Mti Economic Reew, April1992. -274- LTHUANIA TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) AVERAGE 189 195 204 223 246 286 MATERIAL SECTIORS Industry 209 214 222 242 263 303 S76 Electricity Fuel industry MeSallurgy Machine building Chemicals Wood processing and paper industry Construction material Textile Clothing Leather and shoe industry Meat and dairy Fish Other food pro n Construction 246 253 270 300 332 393 829 Agriculture 187 194 202 216 244 275 484 Tmnsport 210 216 228 246 263 304 702 Communications Trade (retail and wholesale) Other mrial production NONMATERIAL SECTORS Housing and communal services Science, research & development Education 155 161 171 174 175 185 583 Culture Arts Health care, social security, sports 135 136 143 150 163 187 660 Banking, finance, credit, insurance 183 191 201 214 249 400 950 Government Source: World Bank data. -275- Moldova XMWV 1990 Population (millions): 4.4 Area (thous. sq. km): 33.7 Neighboring countries: Ukraine, Romania Capital city: Chisinau (0.7 million) Titular nationality: Moldovan (65%) language: Moldovan Natural resources: Agricultural land Major agricultural products: Grapes, other fruits and berries, vegetables, tobacco Main industrial activities: Food processing, textiles, consumer durables, light industry Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 12,750 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 2,920 -277- MOLDOVA TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) .... . .. ... .. ....... ......... ... .... --...... .. ... .. ..... -. ,,-.... ........ .......... .,. ... ....... ...................------ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~........... ...... ...... .. ... ... ..... ..... ... . ... ........ ........ .... . . .......... ................ ... ... .. ... ... ........................ .. .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .. .. . . .-: . :. . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . TOTAL POPULATON (MDY EAR) 4,192 4,231 4,273 4,314 4,350 4,367 4,3S4 Urban .. .2,053. Rural .. ..2,315 .. TOTAL.EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 2,0S0 2,0S2 2,085 2,067 2,091 2,071. MATERIAL SECTOR 1,609 1,605 1,592 1,562 1,581 1,553 . Industry 432 430 435 435 446 456 . Constructdon 147 146 150 147 165 172 . Agriculture 752 742 725 700 712 673 . Forsy 5 5 5 5 S 5 . Transport 74 73 69 67 52 51 . Communication 20 20 20 19 19 19 . Trade and other material services 179 186 188 189 182 177. NONMATERIAL SECTOR 471 479 493 506 511 519 . Housing and municipal services 43 45 47 50 46 46 .. Scienice, research & development 30 30 31 30 32 33 . Education 179 181 185 190 198 203 Culture and arts 26 27 28 29 29 29 HeAlth care, social security 103 103 107 111 113 115 . Banking,finu nce&creditinstitutions 8 8 8 8 9 9 Covernment 31 31 27 26 24 24 .. OTher nonmaterial services 51 54 60 62 61 60177 Hource: World muni dala. -278- MOLDOVA TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in OOOs with NRR+ 1 by 1995) .. , CA- N '''''''''''''}'"''' ' ' '.''........ .. ... ............ -'. ,S, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............. i. , ,,, ,..,. , , , , .U.;. . . ..,.. TOTAL M+F 4,192 4,367 4,498 4,640 5,105 5,593 5,953 MALES 0-4 216 221 187 174 242 225 206 5-9 197 212 219 186 204 244 207 10-14 182 193 210 218 173 241 224 15-19 161 178 191 208 185 203 243 20-24 141 155 174 189 215 171 240 25-29 172 133 149 171 204 182 201 30-34 172 164 128 147 185 211 169 35-39 164 165 159 126 167 200 180 40-44 90 157 159 155 142 180 208 45-49 103 85 150 154 120 161 195 50-54 105 96 81 143 145 135 172 5S-59 90 97 89 75 138 110 150 60-64 77 80 86 80 122 127 121 65-69 55 65 67 73 58 112 93 70-74 30 42 50 52 54 88 96 75+ 41 38 44 54 69 71 128 TOTAL 1,995 2,082 2,143 2,206 2,424 2,660 2,831 FEMALES 0-4 386 213 179 166 232 215 197 5-9 174 381 210 179 196 234 198 1014 161 171 379 210 166 232 215 15-19 140 158 169 379 178 195 233 20-24 135 134 155 169 209 165 231 25-29 167 128 130 154 377 178 195 30-34 164 161 124 130 16S 208 165 35-39 158 160 158 124 153 375 177 40-44 91 154 157 157 128 167 207 45-49 108 89 1S1 155 122 151 371 SO 54 113 104 86 149 153 126 164 5S-S9 103 108 101 84 150 118 147 60-64 -100 96 103 96 140 146 121 65-69 77 91 88 95 77 139 112 70-74 47 65 78 78 82 124 133 75+ 72 71 86 110 149 159 255 TOAL 2,197 2,285 2,355 2,434 2,681 2,932 3,122 (avEerage annual iu*e) DEPENDENCY RATIO 64.1 67.8 66.5 52.4 50 .59.4 53 1985-91) 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 .2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 21 17 15.1 19.3 .16.2 13.9 DEATH RATE 9.6 9.2 8.9 8.7 .8.1 7.8 RATE OF NAT. INC. 1.14 0.77 0.62 1.07 . 0.81 0.6 NET MIGRATION RATE -3.2 -1.8 0 0 . 0 0 GROWTH RATE 0.2 0.59 0.62 1.07 ..0.81 0.6 TOTALFERTILITY 3.1 2.632 2.234 2.088 . 2 .078 2.069 NRR 1.455 1.245 1.064 1 . 1 1 e(D - BOTH SEXES 68.05 69.51 71.03 73.56 .75.76 78.19 e(15) - BOTH SEXES 55.37 56.38 57.59 59.77 61.73 63.92 0M- BOTH SEXES 23.8 18.6 14.9 10.8 8.4 5.9 1(0) - BOTH SEXES 0.029 0.022 0.018 0.013 0.011 0.008 a. Rates are for five years ending hn specific year. Source: Worid Rank (PHRHJ V) proJeccRons. -279- MOLDOVA TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (T'HOUSANDS) ............................ ...... ...... . ........................................ . . . .............................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... ... , ............ ........... ......... . ... . ........... .. ............ ..... . . ....... .... .. ..... ........... ......... .. .. ... .. .. . . . .... .. .. .. .. '' '': - - -: : . .......:. .......... .......... .- -:...'. ..: TOTAL LABOR FORCE 2,421 .. .... 2,439 2,429 Of working age 2,323 .. . .. 2,349 .. Under 16 11 .. ......11 .. Over working age S7 .. .. . SO .. TOTAL EMPLOYED 2,080 2,082 2,085 2,067 2,091 2,071 STATE SECTOR 1,643 .. .. ...1,529 1,467 COOPERAT.VES 306 .. .. .. 397 457 lndustty & construction . .. .......... Agriculture .. .. .. .. ..... Collective Far.s 306 ... 344 372 Other PRiVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED 130 .. .. 164 148 HOUSEHOLD.SERVICES 176 .. 198..... 204 Source: World Bank data. -280- MOLDOVA TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. .. ... .... .. ... .. .. . ..... ..,. .. ....... ,, .... ........... TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUSANDS) 2,080 2,082 2,085 2,067 2,091 2,071 MATERUAL SECTOR 77.4 77.1 76.4 75.6 75.6 75.0 Industy 20.8 20.7 20.9 21.0 21.3 22.0 Construction 7.1 7.0 7.2 7.1 7.9 8.3 Agricule 36.2 35.6 34.8 33.9 34.1 32.5 Foretry 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 Transport 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.2 2.5 2.5 Communication 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 Trade and other material services 8.6 8.9 9.0 9.1 8.7 8.5 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 22.6 23.0 23.6 24.5 24.4 25.1 House and municipl services 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 Science, research and development 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 Education 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.2 9.5 9.8 Culur and ats 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 Health care, social security 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.4 5.4 5.6 Banking, finance, and credit institutions 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Government 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 Other nonmaterial services 2.5 2.6 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.9 Souce: Tabk e.1. -281- MOLDOVA TABILE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (mElee of ciaetrbe) BY INDUSIRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added .. Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Ndt value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 8,576 9,143 9,433 9,830 11,218 12,750 22,252 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDrIURE CATEGORY Consumption erivate consumption Government consumptions Gross doaestic investment Gmrss fixed investment Increase in stock Resource balance Netvae ae of GD BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Gndustty Net value added Depreciation Consruction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communicadons Net value added Depreciation Other material services . Net value added Depreciasion stock Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumptions Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment . Increase in stock Resource balance Sosrsc: WorldS ieskmat. -282- MOLDOVA TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 .,., - m ......-.i .................... . . ............ . ..... . . . .... ..B.' . ..... . . .- g (MiElions of constant 19_ ruIes) BY XNDUSThIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation .. .. ..... Industty Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Othler material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Grosu domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Priivate consumption Government consumption . Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance (percentage growth) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks -283- MOLDOVA TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 , ............... .. . ...... ... ......... ..... . ... ......................... .......... .............. ....... .. ... .. ....,,,,,,,,,.... (MWIous of cwveu rabin) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 6,537 6,969 7,190 7,361 8,272 9,443 . BY ORIGIN Industry 2,750 2,572 2,918 2,872 2,913 3,245 . Construction 577 608 655 687 826 852 . Agrnculture 2,154 2,700 2,629 2,730 3,312 3,934 . Forestry 8 8 8 S 9 9 . Transport&commuriicatdons 219 231 221 292 316 452 . Trade & catering 791 803 709 707 817 871... Material tchnical spply .. .. .. .... Other material services 39 48 50 66 79 80 .. BY FINAL USE Consumption .5,419 5,551 5,751 6,168 6,860 7,777 .. Private consumapdon .... .. .. .. . .. Government consumpton .. .. .. ..... .. .. Investment (accumulation) 1,320 1,862 1,418 1,985 2,352 1,889 * Fixed capitsl.. ..... .. .. Other .. ... .. ... .. Losses 74 75 110 83 52 141 . Net exports -275 -519 -89 -875 -992 -364 . Exports .. .. .. .. .. ..... Imports .. .... (os purcentage @1 n matrilproduct) NEF MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 100.0 1000 100.0 100.0 100.09 BY ORIGIN Industry 42.1 36.9 40.6 39.0 35.2 34.45 Construction 8.8 8.7 9.1 9.3 10.0 9.0 Agriculture 33.0 38.7 36.6 37.1 40.0 41.73.. Forestry 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Transport & communications 3.4 3.3 3.1 4.0 3.8 4.8 Trade & catering 12.1 11.5 9.9 9.6 9.9 9.2 Material technical supply .. .. .. .. Other material services 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.8 BY FINAL USE Consumption 82.9 79.7 80.0 83.8 82.9 82.47. Private consumption Government consumption .. .. .. .. Investment (accumuladon) 20.2 26.7 19.7 27.0 28.4 20.0.. Fixed capital Other Losses 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.1 0.6 1.4 Net exports -4.2 -7.4 -1.2 -11.9 -12.0 -3.9 Exports imports Source: World Ban t data. -284- MOLDOVA TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~.. . .. .. . .. . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . ... . .. . .. . . ,.,,,,,,,,,,,.,,.,,.,..,...,, , ,, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~......... . ... {. .. 2 ............ . . . (in! ons of/constn 1983 rubls) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 6,962 7,513 7,606 7,735 8,416 8,292 7,309 BY ORIGIN Indusry excluding construction 2,798 2,753 2,958 2,995 3,257 3,895 3,599 Construction 631 614 654 646 773 810 664 Agriculture al 2,479 3,076 2,972 2,988 3,206 2,570 2,208 Forestry .. .. .. ....... Transportation & communications 219 231 221 292 . .. Trade & catering 644 627 598 586 . .. .. Material technical supply .. .. .. .. .. ..... Other mterial sevces 191 212 203 228 1,180Ob/ 1,017 b/ S38 b/ BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. .. .. ..... Private consumption . .. .. .............. Govt. consumption .. .. . .. . .... Investment (accumultion) .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Fixed capital . .. .... Others . .. .. .. Losses . .. .. .. Net exports . .. .. .. Exports.. .... .. Imnports .. .. .. .. ;percentage growth) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT -8.6 7.9 1.2 1.7 8.8 -1.5 -11.9 BY 0ORII Industry excluding construction -4.6 -1.6 7.4 1.3 8.7 19.6 -7.6 Construction 0.6 -2.7 6.5 -1.2 19.7 4.8 -18.0 Agriculture a/ .. 24.1 -3.4 0.5 7.3 -19.8 -14.1 Foresty Transportation&communications .. 5.5 -4.3 32.1 Trade & catering .. -2.6 -4.6 -2.0 Material technical supply Other material services .. 11.0 -4.2 12.3 6.7 -13.8 -17.6 BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Govt. consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Others Losses Exports Imports a. Includes foress,y. b. Incuydes trunsponrution and cs trade and catng, and mat1ril techical supples. Soure: Ado Economic Review, May 1992. -285- MOLDOVA TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICiT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 ,== = aS. Are S :iC., .......................... } i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ......... ...... (9_=100) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Nes value added Deprecbadon Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communi.cations . Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciadion .. .. Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciaton Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY CZonsumption Private consumption Government consumption . . ...... ross domestic investment .. .. .. Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks 1983=100) NIET MATERIAL PRODUCT 93.9 92.8 94.5 95.2 98.3 113.9 BY ORIGlN Intdustry excludiog construction 98.3 93.4 98.6 95.9 89.4 83.3 Construction -88.3 99.0 100.2 106.3 106.9 105.2 Agriculture a/ 86.9 87.8 88.5 91.4 103.3 153.1 Forestry Transport & communications 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Trade &catering 122.8 128.1 118.6 120.6 'Material technical supply Other material aervices BY FINAL USE Consueption Private consumption Government consumptions Investment (accunulaton)d Fixed capital Other mtrasev. Exports lmporta aD Incldes fornsty. Source: Sables 2.1 - 2.4. -286- MOIDOVA TABLE 2.6: CAPfTAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 <>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . .. .. . . .. ... . . .. ... .. . .. . . . . ... .. . .. . . .. . . (m)l Won: of rabint) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Porestry Industry Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other (as persctg. of total) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industry Construction Other in Mateial Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. .. ........... Housing .. .. .. .. .. ..... Other .. . . ........... -287- MOLDOVA TABLE 2.7: CAP1TAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 *~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~. ....... ....... . .. . ....... .,. .. ...... .- . . ......... .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... ........... ............ . ... . . . ..... . .. .... .... :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :- (ndllions of coutt 19U rbls) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 2,005 2,06S 2,258 2,347 2,486 2,474 2,424 MATERIAL SPHERE 1,371 1,349 1,417 1,523 1,633 1,643 1,600 Agricuhture s! 660 696 660 678 725 738 730 Forestry .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Industry 469 404 502 582 618 615 598 Constuction 55 64 51 62 59 51 41 Other inMMaterial Sphere 187 185 204 201 231 239 231 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 634 712 841 824 853 831 824 Housing 354 401 437 442 427 451 443 Other 280 311 404 382 426 380 381 (Wwa_g growth) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERUIL .. 3.1 9.2 3.9 5.9 -0.5 -2.0 MATERIAL SPHERE .. -1.6 5.0 7.5 7.2 0.6 -2.6 Agriculturea! .. 5.5 -5.2 2.7 6.9 1.8 -1.1 Forestry .. .. .. Industry .. -13.9 24.3 15.9 62 -0.5 -2.8 Construction .. 16.4 -20.3 21.6 -4.8 -13.6 -19.6 Other in Material Sphere .. -1.1 10.3 -1.5 14.9 3.5 -3.3 NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. 12.3 18.1 -2.0 3.5 -2.6 -0.8 Housing .. 13.3 9.0 1.1 -3.4 5.6 -1.8 Other .. 11.1 29.9 -5.4 11.5 -10.8 0.3 a. Inchiesforesiry. Source: MNa*hoz Moldova 1988; Respublika Moldow v Tafhakh, 1991. -288- MOLDOVA TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) .... ., :, < d > > = > > < > <.'.......... ........... .. ..... .. .................. ... ......... ... ......... .... . ... .. .... .. . .....I.... .. .. ... ... TOTAL POPULATION (~¶DYEAR) 4,580 4,717 4,867 5,021 5,178 5,302 5,412 Urban .. .. .... .. 1,697 .. Rural .. .. .. .. .. 3,605 .. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE$) 1,681 1,714 1,775 1,820 1,879 1,93S8. MATERIAL SECTOR 1,279 1,298 1,335 1,364 1,411 1,463 . Industry 241 247 251 251 254 261 . Construction 118 126 131 132 160 161 . Agriculture at 722 720 743 763 790 831 . . Forestby . ..... Transport b/ 79 81 81 84 68 65 Co . unication .. .. .. ..... .. Trade and other material services 120 124 129 135 138 146 . NONMATE3UAL SECTIOR 401-41 40 416 40 456 468 475 . HoUing and municipal services 40 42 48 50 51 51 Science, research & development 30 31 31 30 30 296 Education cl 17 180 189 199 211 217 Culture and arts .. .. .. .. .. 8. Health care, social security 79 83 91 95 102 104 . Banking, finance & credit institutions .. .. .. .. . .. Government dl 39 41 42 41 39 40 . Other nonmaterial services .40 40 40 40 35 35 . a. Incudesforestry. b. Includes con ons. c. Includes clure and arts. d. Incdes bmng, innce, and credt u S.ource: World Bank data. -334- TAJKISTAN TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 000s with NRR+ 1 by 1995) *~~~~ ~ ~ . . ..... TOTAL M+F 4,580 5,302 6,046 6,874 8,577 10,169 11,641 MALES 0-4 411 493 479 48 519 482 494 5-9 318 400 485 476 500 513 478 10-14 267 312 396 483 484 516 480 15-19 237 261 308 395 473 498 511 20-24 205 227 254 306 479 480 513 25-29 198 192 218 253 390 468 493 30-34 146 186 184 216 302 473 475 35-39 106 137 180 182 248 385 463 40-44 64 100 132 177 211 296 466 45-49 72 60 95 129 176 241 376 50-54 74 68 57 92 167 202 285 55-59 61 69 63 54 118 164 227 60-64 50 56 63 58 80 149 183 65-69 24 44 49 55 44 99 140 70-74 15 19 35 39 42 60 116 75+ 28 22 22 34 54 56 107 TOTAL 2,276 2,644 3,021 3,438 4,290 5,083 5,807 FEMALES 0-4 399 472 459 467 497 461 472 5-9 310 389 465 456 479 491 457 10-14 261 305 386 464 464 495 460 15-19 236 255 301 385 455 478 491 20-24 213 225 248 300 462 463 494 25-29 199 199 216 247 383 453 477 30-34 147 189 193 216 298 460 461 35-39 109 140 184 192 245 381 451 40-44 61 104 137 182 213 296 457 45-49 64 58 101 135 189 242 377 50-54 75 62 57 100 178 209 291 55-59 66 72 60 55 130 183 236 60-64 57 63 69 58 94 170 201 65-69 38 53 59 64 50 121 172 70-74 26 33 46 52 50 83 153 75+ 42 40 47 63 97 100 186 TOTAL 2,304 2,657 3,025 3,436 4,287 5,086 5,834 (average awal rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 87.7 94.9 93.8 84.3 61.9 52 46.9 1985 90 199995 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 41.6 34.9 30.8 25.7 19.6 17.3 DEATH RATE 6.8 5.8 5.1 4.6 4.1 4.2 RATE OF NAT. INC. 3.48 2.91 2.57 2.11 1.55 1.31 NET MIGRATION RATE -5.5 -2.8 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 2.93 2.63 2.57 2.11 1.55 1.31 TOTAL FERTILITY 5.1 4.8 4.2 3.066 2.224 2.073 NRR 2.316 2.196 1.943 1.442 1.06 1 e(0) - BOTH SEXES 68.44 69.59 70.9 73.36 75.65 78.11 e(I5) - BOTH SEXES 58.12 58.73 59.41 60.87 62.27 63.81 1MR - BOTH SEXES 47.3 41.7 35.2 24.4 15.1 5.8 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.060 0.052 0.044 0.030 0.019 0.008 a. Rates are forfive years ening in specific year. Source: World Bank (Pffi7 projecdons. -335- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ...... ...,,. . . ... .............. ....,. > :- ,: . - ,, . , , . . ,.. .....:... ... ...: -.: .. . .. .... ........ .. ..,,,,,,,,,0,,N............. ... ... ... .. TOTALLABORFORCE 1,954 1,714 1,775 1,82 2,194 2,237 . Of worig. .. age.. .. .. .. .. Under.16 .. ........ Overworkigap ~~~... ...... ....... .. ... ... ...... &dury&coatucdon .. .. .. .. 32 52 .. Agriculture .. .. .. .. ...... Colectve Farms 237 ... .253 263 . Otner 16 PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED .270 ... .344 370 HOUSEHOLDSERVICES 273 2315 29 Source: World Bank data. -336- TAJBISTAN TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 .. , ......... ...... ...... , .k.. ..... .... ..... ...... ... TOTAL EMPLOYED (FHOUSANS 1,681 1,714 1,775 1,820 1,879 1,938 MATERIAL SECTOR 76.1 75.7 75.2 75.0 75.1 75.5 Industry 14.3 14.4 14.2 13.8 13.5 13.5 Conskauction 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.2 8.5 8.3 Agriculture 42.9 42.0 41.8 41.9 42.0 42.9 Forestry .. ........ Transport 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.6 3.6 3.3 Communication .. ..... Trsde snd other material services 7.1 7.3 7.2 7.4 7.4 7.5 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 23.9 24.2 24.8 25.0 24.9 24.5 House snd municiple services 2.4 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.6 Science, research and development 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 Education 10.3 10.5 10.7 11.0 11.2 11.2 Culture and arts.. .0 .8 .9 .0 .9 Health care, social security 4.7 4.8 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.4 Banking, finance, and credit institutions .. .. .. ..... NovernmeRn 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.0 Other nonmaterial services 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.9 1.8 Sorce: rable 1.1. -337- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (.M.l.. .c. r ) BY INDUSRIUAL ORIGIN Agniculture Net value added Depreciation Industty Net value added Depreciadion Consrcion Net value added Depreciation Transport & commrnicadions .. Net value added Depreciation Other material services... M Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterisi services Net value added De pre ciat ion Gross domestic product 5,910 5,863 6,027 6,716 6,636 7,112 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURB CATEGORY Consumption Private consmption Government consunption ros domesa c invesd ment Giross fxed investment lincresse in stocks... R^esource balance @ewtge share aeIG BY INDUSRIRAL ORIGIN AgriculXtue Net value added Depreciation Industry . .. .... Net value added Depreciation Construction Net vaue added Depreciation Transport & communications . .. Net value added Depreciation Other masterial services.... Net vaue added Depreciation .ptio. Nonmateriad services . .. Net value added . Depreciation... Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Ne value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consmption overnm et consumrption. Grossl domestic investmenlt .. .. ........ Gross fxdinvestment Incresse in tocks Resourcerbal ncervice Soure: Worl add -338- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 >v:,:>,T,,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.'.'..... . .. . ." ... ....... , <, f , ,l :,^~~~~~~~~~.2 . .h. ,...., ,..,, ....., ,A ....... -10 (ul WOnA of cowitan 19_ tIl) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Not value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other materil srvices Net value added Depreciation Nomatial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value adcted Depreciation BY EXPENDrfURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance (entage grow*J BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Trnport & communications Net value added Deprciation Oher material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Grosa domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDIrTi CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Governnent consumption Gros domestic investment Gross fixed investment Incse in stocks -339- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL ]PRODUCT AT ClRRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . ............. ... ... ... . ... . . ......... .... . . ... . ... . . . .. . .... .. ... . . . . . . .. ....... ....................... . ............... ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ..... ... . . .... ....-i-.-------. (om of curext nrab) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 4,433 4,295 4,355 4,878 4,817 5,261 9,617 BY ORIGIN Industry 1,555 1,340 1,501 1,509 1,285 1,503 Construction 544 609 640 711 737 772 Agriculture at 1,625 1,603 1,541 1,794 1,793 2,015 Forestry Transport & communications 151 167 161 184 185 221 Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services 558 576 511 680 818 751 BY FINAL USE Consumption 3,903 4,042 4,135 4,358 4,638 5,148 Private consumption 3,479 3,598 3,663 3,875 4,115 4,591 Government consumption 424 444 472 483 523 557 Investment (accumulation) 1,312 1,109 1,099 1,282 1,066 879 Fixed capital Other Losses Net exports Exports Imports (as pawr age of et ndwr prodduct) N*ET MATERIAL PRODUCT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry 35.1 31.2 34.5 30.9 26.7 28.6 Construction 12.3 14.2 14.7 14.6 15.3 14.7 Agriculture a/ 36.7 37.3 35.4 36.8 37.2 38.3 Forestry .. .. .. .. Transport&communications 3.4 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.2 Trade & catering Material technical supply .. .. . .. Other material services 12.6 13.4 11.7 13.9 17.0 14.3 BY FINAL USE Consumption 88.1 94.1 95.0 89.3 96.3 97.9 Private consumption 78.5 83.8 84.1 79.4 85.4 87.3 Govenmment consumption 9.6 10.3 10.8 9.9 10.9 10.6 Investment (accumulation) 29.6 25.8 25.2 26.3 22.1 16.7 Fixed capital .. .. .. .. Other .. .. . .. Losses .. .. .. .. Net exports .. .. .. .. Exports .. .. .. .. Imports .. .. .. .. a. Includesforestry. Source: World Bank data. -340- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . ........ , : ,- . .. ....... . .. . .............. ........... .. ---..-- ..........,wJ--r-- (millios of consant 19_ nbLels) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT . . .. BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction .. ..... Construction.. . . .. Agricultute .. Forestry.. .. .. Transportation & communications . .. Trade & catering .. .. .. Material technical supply.... Other material serices .. . BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. .. Private consumptdon .. . .. Guovernment consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital . .. O>hers . .. Losses '. .. Net exports Exports Inports . .. O mercetAige growth) NlET MATERIAL PRODUCT .... BY ORIN Industry excluding construction . .. Construction Arivcultureonsumpt Forestry ... Transportation & communications Trade & cstering ..c..a. Mateixal technical supply Other material services BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption growth) Goveryment consumptionn..r..t.. Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Others .. ..v.. Losses . .. Exports . .. Imports .. .. -341 - TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMW IMPLICiT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 (19 =1(1) 8Y INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciadion Industty Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other materuial senrvtces Net value added Depreciattion Nonmnaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Go0vernment consumption tGross domestic investment G3ross fixed investment Increase in stocks (19_=100) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. .. .. .. ..... BY ORIGIN Industy excluding construction. Construc. ion.... .. .. .. .. . Agriculture . .. . ..... Forestgr .. .y. ... Transport & communications.................... Trade &. catering . .. ... Material technical supply.. .. .. I. Other material services . .. .. ....... BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. ........ ..... Private consumption .. .. .. ........ .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Investment (accumulation).. ...... .. ... Fixed capital .. .. . . . Other .. ..... .. ........ Exports.. .. . . . ..... Imports . .. .. . .. ..... -342- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ........ . .. .. .;..;,.......... .. ..........;.. .. ..... . . . . . ..... .... .... ; - ,; 1985 1986 198i 1988 199. i . ...... (mi orn, of ubies) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industqr Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other (as percetage of total) T OTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERALL MATERAL SPHERE .A.griculture Forestry Industy Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMLATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other -343- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.7: CAPlTAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (WWons of constant 1984 Rabie) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL 1,363 1,470 1,598 1,726 1,763 1,856 MATERIAL SPHERE 1,042 1,114 1,218 1,265 1,231 Agriculture s/ 282 299 300 305 354 Foresky Industry 450 478 504 533 488 Construction 58 62 59 71 66 Other in Material Sphere 252 275 355 356 323 NON MATERIAL SPHERE bl 321 356 380 461 532 Housing 221 257 288 356 330 Other bl 100 99 92 105 202 (Percentage growth) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL .. 7.9 8.7 8.0 2.1 5.3 MATERIAL SPHERE .. 6.9 9.3 3.9 -2.7 Agriculture a/ .. 6.0 0.3 1.7 16.1 Forestry Industry .. 6.2 5.4 5.8 -8.4 Consdtuction .. 6.9 -4.8 20.3 -7.0 Other in Material Sphere .. 9.1 29.1 0.3 -9.3 NON MATERIAL SPHEREbl .. 10.9 6.7 21.3 15.4 Housing .. 16.3 12.1 23.6 -7.3 Other b/ .. -1.0 -7.1 14.1 92.4 a. Includesbforessly. b. Residual. Source: Narkhoz TaJiksa, 1989; A.unhoz SSSR, 1990. -344- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) TOTAL LABOR INlCOME ...3,106 3,409 3,846 4,254 Regular wages .. .. 2,378 2,577 2,782 3,055 Income paid by collective farms .. 15 132 203 Ouher wages &t compensaitions .. .. 85 96 120 137 Income paid by coD.ective farms .. .. 433 47S 528 535 hIcome from sale of farm products .. .. 210 243 284 324 TOTAL TANSFER RECEIPTS .. 836 942 1,094 1,346 Pensions and alowances .. .586 631 672 801 Scholarships .. .. 31 32 34 44 Income from financial istem ... 127 151 154 249 Other income . .. 92 128 234 252 Adjustment .. .. 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME .. 83,942 4,351 4,940 5,600 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES ...3,470 3,754 4,069 4,630 Retail trade purchases .. .. 3,147 3,391 3,664 4,207 urchased services, of which: . 323 363 40 423 Rent and utilities ..e.. 88 89 103 90 Comunications 920 22 24 26 Healthr&a otherservices s ..7 8 9 15 Cooperatives 1 6 12 14 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS .. .. 589 670 859 964 Taxes, fees, duties, others 363 394 443 510 Savings . 224 274 416 452 Other .. 2 2 0 0 Adjustment 0 0 0 2 TOTAL OUTLAYS 4,059 4,424 4,928 5,594 Income less expenditure -117 -73 12 6 Source: Goskomsat. -345- TAJIISTAN TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-0 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) .. . .j j . ...... . ..... i. .... . ....... TOTAL TRADE 1,0 3,7 1,9 3_-6 Foreign 321 330 356 383 Interreublic 1,483 3,046 1,643 3,081 OIL AND GAS 40 505 32 610 Forugn 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 40 505 32 610 ELECIRIC ENERGY 70 125 94 106 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 70 125 94 106 COAL 3 11 4 7 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepubi1c 3 11 4 7 OTLHER ENERGY 4PE) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Intefrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 4 125 4 138 Foreign 0 11 0 9 lnerrepubEic 4 117 4 129 NONERROUS METALS 677 351 7 367 Foreign 218 53 231 4S Interrepublic 458 298 496 322 CHEICALS AND PRODUCTS. 84 269 92 297 Foreign 1 39 2 39 Intrrepublic 84 231 91 258 MACHINE BUILDING 280 1,124 246 944 Foreign 7 51 4 84 Interrpublic 274 1,073 242 859 FOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 4 74 2 95 Foreign 0 9 0 7 bepublic 4 65 2 88 cONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 34 67 28 56 Foreign 0 1 0 2 Intrrpublic 34 66 28 54 LIGHT INDUSTRY 446 212 474 233 Foreign 93 68 68 76 Inrempublic 353 145 406 158 FOOD lNDUSTRY 75 228 146 232 Foreign 2 45 2 62 lInepubfic 73 184 144 170 WOHER ANDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 4 71 3 63 Foreign 0 1 0 1 hterrepublic 4 70 3 62 AORICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 21 131 33 155 Foreign 1 54 1 58 lterrepubfic 20 77 32 97 OTHER (CMUIA TO, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 63 80 65 161 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interpublic 63 80 65 161 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share of total exports & i pors Foreign 18 1 18 11 Intenepublic 82 90 82 89 Source; Goskoms&u USSR. -346- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 3.2: EXIERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 MLL. OF CURR. RUB.) ................................................................................ .... .... ..... . . j ,. ........ :. . . .. . . ...... : j. j. e . i. i ... ..........ii ... ,h.,,,....,. ...... . . . ... .. TOTwAL TRADE 2,527 3,930 2,686 4,127 Foreign 351 681 308 767 Inbterepublic 2,176 3,249 2,377 3,359 OIL AND GAS 13 300 10 271 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Intemrpublic 13 300 10 271 ELECTRIC ENERGY 46 83 63 71 Foreign 0 0 0 O Interrepublic 46 83 63 71 COAL 4 13 5 8 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 4 13 5 8 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreien 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0° FERROUS METALS 4 116 4 117 Foreign 0 8 0 7 Interrepublic 4 108 4 110 NONFERROUS METALS . 443 243 466 232 Forei-n 141 50 168 39 Itrepublic 302 192 298 193 CHBMICALS AND PRODUCTS 115 367 121 379 Foreign 1 57 2 57 Inerrepublic 114 310 119 322 MACHINE BUILDING 249 932 232 909 Foreign 6 68 3 113 Interiepublic 243 864 228 796 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 7 126 3 137 Foreign 0 16 0 13 Inerepublic 7 110 3 124 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 33 70 29 59 Foreign 0 4 0 5 Intorrepublic 33 66 29 54 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,234 769 1,187 856 Foreign 193 284 126 298 lnerepublic 1,040 485 1,061 558 FOOD INDUSTRY 235 568 410 576 Foreign 4 113 5 151 Interrepublic . 231 455 405 424 TER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 4 76 4 109 Foreign 0 2 0 4 Interepublic 4 74 4 105 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 81 190 96 263 Foreign 6 79 4 81 Interrepublic 76 111 92 182 EHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 60 79 59 142 Foreign 0 0 0 0 lIerrepublic 60 79 59 142 MEMIORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 14 17 11 19 Jerrepublic 86 83 89 81 Source: Goskomsw USSR. -347- TAJKSTAN TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... . '-... .. .... .. ~~~~~~.. .......... .. . . . . . , ...... - - - ..... TOCTAL 413 750 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 252 507 61.1 67.6 Austria 4 31 1.0 4.1 Belgium 6 2 1.5 0.3 Bulgaria 37 55 9.0 7.3 Great Britain 13 8 3.1 1.1 Hungary 13 39 3.1 5.2 Spain .. 2 0.0 0.3 Ialy 15 35 3.6 4.7 Netherlands 10 3 2.4 0.4 Poland 21 61 5.1 8.1 Romania 17 17 4.1 2.3 Germany 46 118 11.1 15.7 Fmland 12 28 2.9 3.7 France 11 12 2.7 1.6 Czechoslovakia 32 60 7.7 8.0 Switterland 2 7 0.5 0.9 Yugoslavia 10 18 2.4 2.4 Asia 77 128 18.5 17.0 Viet Nam 8 8 1.9 1.1 India 8 18 1.9 2.4 China 10 28 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 8 14 1.9 1.9 Mongolia 7 5 1.7 0.7 Syynan Arab Republic 1 3 0.2 0.4 Turkey 4 3 1.0 0.4 Japan 14 19 3.4 2.5 Africa 6 3 1.4 0.4 America 29 80 7.0 10.7 Cuba 23 39 5.6 5.2 United States 4 28 1.0 3.7 Australia and Oceania 0 0 0.0 0.0 Noae: Rtbks are according to official exchange rates. Source: Goskosu SNG, Vneshnyaya torgovlya s-wrennykh respublik iprbaysh gosuda v 1990 g., 1992. -348- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 173 353 Other consumaer goods including statistical discrepancy 102 320 POL and other energy 130 743 Intermediate goods 1,358 1,146 Primary goods 783 466 Manufactured goods 575 679 Capital goods 236 903 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 1,998 3,464 EXTRAJEPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 2 106 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 0 48 POL and other energy 0 0 Intermediate goods 351 154 Prmnary goods 282 49 Manufactured goods 70 105 Capital goods 3 74 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 356 383 INTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 171 247 Oilier consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 102 272 POL and other energy 130 743 intermediate goods 1,007 991 Primary goods 502 417 Manufactured goods 505 574 Capital goods 233 829 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 1,642 3,082 Source: World Banks staff estbnares based on offlicial reports. -349- TAJIIUSTAN TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) TOTAL REVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS 1,805 1,968 2,224 2,351 2,673 5,457 Grants .. 244 420 321 0 Transfers from all unon Budget 164 442 234 53 219 2,543 TOTAL REVENUE 1,642 1,526 1,746 1,879 2,132 2,914 Tax revenue 1,464 1,305 1,548 1,658 1,889 2,519 Profit taxes 324 329 375 376 373 604 Income tax 104 111 222 240 261 .. 333 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes 888 702 772 843 1,019 .. 1,174 Value added tax Customs duties Social security conlrbutions 130 145 160 177 197 Other 17 18 19 23 39 408 Nontax revenue 178 221 198 221 243 .. 395 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE AND TRANSFERS 1,727 1,925 2,111 2,211 2,562 5,020 Transfers to all union Budget 14 50 95 52 70 0 TOTAL EXPENDrI`URE 1,713 1,875 2,016 2,159 2,492 .. 5,020 Current expenditure 1,257 1,678 1,802 1,926 2,236 .. 5,020 Administration 29 28 28 29 31 .. 82 Defense Subsidies National economy Foreign expenditure of which: external debt service Social-cultural expenditure 896 979 1,069 1,213 1,287 3,138 of which: social benefits 180 197 214 233 256 Other 332 671 705 684 918 .. 1,800 Capital expenditure 456 197 214 233 256 Investment 276 SURPLUS/DEFICIT(-) 79 42 113 140 111 .. 437 FINANCING Foreign (net) Repayment from foreign states Repay. from foreign states Disbursemen of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank Source: Bdget Handbooks, vanouas years; and 1MF Economic Review, May 1992. -350- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) NEr FOREIGN ASSETS 2,225 2,928 Foreign assets Foreign Liabilities NET DOMESTIC ASSEIS 2,946 5,733 Credit to government (net) -278 -779 Credit to state enterprises a/ 2,850 6,274 Credit to cooperatives 65 179 Credit to households & other private sector .. 92 104 Other items (net) 217 45 BROAD MONEY 5,172 8,660 Money 1,588 1,715 Currency in circulation 1,588 1,715 Demand deposits Quasi money 3,584 6,945 rime deposits Savings deposits Other deposits b/ 3,584 6,945 Foreign currency deposits Note: Data refer to banking sector accounts. a. Indicates "enterpri Is. b. Might include demand, time, savmings, andforeign cwvency deposits. Source: IMF conomic Review, May 1992. -351- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL ]PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~........ ;.....- ALL INDUSTRY, of which: a/ 4,629 .. .. 4,773 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 297 .. .. .. .. 357 Electricity 274 .. .. 341 Fuel industry 23 .. 16 METALLURGY 341 521 MACHINE BUILDING 415 .. .. .. 442 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 184 232 FORESTRYIWOOD PRODUCTS 82 59 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 233 .. .. .. .. 157 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,143 .. .. .. .. 2,118 Textiles.. ....... Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY 934 .. .. .. .. 887 Food processing Meat and dsiry products Fish a. Evcludes other indwatry. Source: IDF Economic Review, May 1992. -352- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MIILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . ..................... . .... ............ . .... ............. ........ ..... . ...... .... ..... .......,,., ... ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 5,895 5,995 6,295 6,641 6,761 6,842 . FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 362 31S 355 408 339 .. .. Elec.ricity 320 271 311 366 306 ... Fuel industry 42 47 44 42 33 .. . METALLURGY MLACHINE BUILDING 520 570 603 649 665 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 32 34 37 36 36 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 298 331 358 401 413 FORESTRY/W{OOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 294 312 332 352 357 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,685 2,662 2,731 2,777 2,891 Te .tile. .. . . . .. LI°6D8 .. .. .. .. ..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.................. Leather and shoe. .. ........ .. FOOD INDUSTRY 927 935 935 962 1,005 Food processing - .. .. ..... M .eat and dairyr product..-... .. .. .. F .sh .. ..... a. In 1982 prices. Source: D. Diamond, and G. Kisunko, Syntheuie Measures of Industrial Growt by Republic in the Former USSR; " US Bureau of the Census, Center for Intern,asonal Research, Washington, D. C., 1992. -353- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MIOLLIONS OF KWH) ,,g....;,........... . . . ....... .............. ... ..... . .,........ -. ....... .. ......... . .. . .. . . . . . . . ... . ..... .... . ... Tne m i ..... . .. .. . . ..... . .. ...... . ..... ............. . .. .. .. .. . .......... .... ... . ... .. . IMPORTS .. .~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~~. .. .. .. .... PRODUCTION Thermal Hydro Nuclear ]MPORTS Interrepublic TOTAL SUPPLY DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION Industry and construction Agriculture Transport Other sectors Households Losses EXPORTS Interepublic TOTAL USES -354- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ....... .... . . ................. .................. ................................. ... ... ................ .. .. . . . . . . . . .............. ...... ....... ...... GROSS ACRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 2,433 2,523 2,346 2,566 2,290 2,354 2,122 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 1,642 1,711 1,543 1,744 1,490 1,583 1,423 Grains 27 37 48 53 42 43 43 Potatoes .. .. .. .. .. .... Vegetables 105 174 174 183 185 176 209 Fruit(excluding grapes) 153 279 207 244 216 234 154 Grapes .. .......... ..... Tobacco .. .. .. .. .... Cotton 590 968 847 999 791 844 801 Sugarbeets .. .. .. .. .. ..... Olseads.... LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 791 812 802 821 799 772 699 Livestock, of which: . .... - .. .. .. Cattle 144 231 223 235 217 208 186 Pigs .. ... .. Sheep and goats 68 107 103 109 101 103 93 Poultry 37 51 42 42 48 49 26 Milk 112 226 225 228 230 227 222 Eggs 43 53 55 61 59 57 48 Wool .. ........... AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS 808 920 805 772 497 339 Crop production .. .. .. .. .. Animal production .. .. .. . .. Agricultural services...... ..... .. NET MATERIAL PRODUCT b/ 1,625 1,603 1,541 1,794 1,7932,1 Crop production . Animal production .. .. ..... Agricultural services .. a. Data for 1991 are essmates. b. Includes forestry. Sotrce: Goskomsta5 Tajilrstan (IFEconomc Review, May 1992, p. 35). -355- TAJIHSTAN TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 ...............~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ...., ... GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION .. .. .. .. .. .. .. CROP PRODUCTION, of which:............. ...... aAiM ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... .... .. .. ..... .. ..... Pot.toes .. . .. . .. . . Vegetables .. .. .. .. ... .. F.ui..(excluding grapes).. . .. .. Grapes .. .. .. Tobacco .. .. .. .. Cotton .. ..... ...... Sugarbeebt..s.. .. .. .. ..... Oilseeds .. .. .... LIVEST PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and goat Poulti Oilk Eggs WSool A^GRICULTURAL SERVICES . .. .. .. MATE UIAL INPUTS '. .. .. .. Crop production . .. .. .. Animal production . .. .. .. A^gricultural sernices . .. .. .. NES MATOCRIAL PRODUCT of which Crop production -. .. .. .. Animal production . .. .. .. Agiull services. -p56- ShaT and goiLts ~~~ ~356 TAJIIUTAN TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 1986...... ......I... .... ..... - 1 ....0 9 ... ... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. . . . . .. ... .. ...... .. ... ... .. ... ... .. ... .. .. ... .. ... ... .. ....o. ...a. ... - .o f .to n....) rai.......e.. we. gh......2.8.345.36. 293.... 303....... 283.. Corn ~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..-O 73.8588.10.85.6 Oats 1 2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~8 2 2,; 3. M rnet .... ...... .... ..... R ice 27~~~~~~~~~......... ................ 27.......................-.. 30 28.. 26......... 23. . ...... .. . . . ..Fla x . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (raiblener) ht2938 261 294 290 25628 Potatoes ner 919 192 183 217 120718 Puses ng a 62 6 8 7 Farit (wntr 174 329 393 371 30529 (srapes g) 199 132 178 174 18911 oathe .24 21 21 19 2238 Rcoe 23lg rechp .. .. Flay Cufoaerseegai Rye cotn(sriag) 692 8.8 7.64 925 8.38 (fiber 233. 3610 3194 29.1 27562. Sungawrbeets Cotatonerw)s 29.5 126. 130. 29.8 27.7 2875 Pulses .687555 6.3 6. Vegetables .2805 208. 209. 207. 15.0 1294. Fruit443439374027 Grapes 1994. 5632 1718 67.5 71896 Other 2450. 43.3 41.7 36.2 39.818 Corn (silage + greenchop) ..... Hay Sowve: World Rank data.~~aveag yidIn enmnha Grain 15.5 14.9 1.9 15.4 13.-357- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 , ... ... .... .................. ........ ...................... ............. ..~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a1s89 = 100) WHOLESALE PRICES .. .. .. ......... ..... Indust.. ............... .. .. Construction .. .. .. ............. Construction imports . .. .. ......... .. .. Housing . .. .. ............. Investment goods .. .. .. ......... .. .. Agriculture .. .. .. ............. Agriculture imports Foreign trade .. .. .. ..... Exports ...... .. .. Imports . .. .. CONSUMER PRICES .. 100 104 211 Ste and cooperative prices Food (excluding alcohol) Alcoholic beverages Non-food products State prices Prices of cooperatives Prices on the ikolkhoz markets Overall price index (19_ = 100) JAN 91 FEBB91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91AU9 SE1 WHOLESALE PRICES .. .. 211 Industrt .. coop.at...p..c. Constructionducts Construction imports .. .. . .. .. Hlousing . .. .. .. investment goods .. .. . .. .. Agricultures Agriculture imports markets' Foreign trade .. Exports . .. .. .. Imports .. .. . .. .. CONSUMER PRICES .. Gods and services ..t Giroceries.. ........ Nongroceries .. .. .. Public restaurants .. Services aroceries and nongroceries ........... (19 = 190) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MLAR 92 APR 92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry .. ..serv Construction .. ......... Construction imports .. . .. .. Housing . .. .. .. Investment goods.. ........ Agriculture .. Agriculture imports Foreign trade.. ....... Exports... ....... Imports . .. .. .. CONSUMER PRICES... ...... Goods and services .. .. .. .. .. Groceries.. .......... Nongroceries ... .. . .. .. Public restaurants .. .. ........... Services .. .. . Groceries and nongroceries .. .. .. Source: IMP Economic Review, April 1992. -358- TAJIKISTAN TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) ............. .... .. ..... ...... ....... . . .............. .........,,., ,,,,,,,E *~~~~~~~~~~~. . . .....-.-.--:.,-....--: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~.......... ..... .. ... . ..,,,. . , AVERAGE a/ 158 162 166 177 188 207 . MATERIAL SECTO)RS . Industry 175 179 182 199 214 231 . Electricity .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Fuel industry ..... ...... Metallurgy .. ... .. .. .... Machine building . .. .. .. Chemicals ..... ..... .. ..... Wood processing and paper indusiy . .. .. .. Construction material . .. .. .. Textile .. . ........ .. Clothing . .. .. .. Leather and shoe industry .. .. . Meat and dairy . .. .. .. Fish . .. .. .. Other food proceasing . .. .. .. Construction 200 205 212 233 253 276 . Agriculture 138 144 140 155 160 177 . Transport 176 178 182 195 204 223 Communications 136 139 144 160 173 191 . Trade (retil and wholesale) -135 138 138 143 155 190 . Other material production NONMATERIAL SECTORS .. .. .. .. . .. Housing andcomnal servicea 119 121 122 130 143 160 Science, researc:&development 185 188 197 230 214 2S88. Education 161 167 179 180 180 183 Culture 112 113 113 117 119 143.. Arts 137 138 143 146 151 173 . Health care, social security, sports 131 132 133 145 146 167 Bankig, finance, credit, insurance 158 164 167 179 192 296 Government 152 157 166 179 211 300 a. WWwut wages of coiiecdvefann wo,*ers. Sournc: ato TaWd , 1989; Nariz SSSR 1990; MEconomic Review, Me 1992. -359- - Turkmenistan 1990 Population (millions): 3.7 Area (thous. sq. km): 488.1 Neighboring countries: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Afghanistan Capital city: Ashkhabad (0.4 million) Titular nationality: Turkmen (72%) Language: Turkmen Natural resources: Natural gas, oil, iodine-bromine, sodium sulphate, salts Major agricultural products: Cotton, grains, vegetables, fruits, livestock Main industrial activities: Textiles, oil and gas production, chemicals, electricity-generating industries Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 7,344 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 2,002 -361- TURKAENISTAN TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) .,.c , , ,~~~~~~~.. . . .. ........ .. ..,. ... . .., ..... . . . . .. . . .... .... ...... '.' ..X.: :,'. .. . . .. .. . . ... . . TOTAL POPULATION (MDYEAR) 3,244 3,327 3,409 3,493 3,578 3,669 3,748 Urban .. .. .. .. .1,651. Rural .. . ... .. 2,018 .. TOTAL BMPLOYMENT (YEARLYAVERAGE) 1,342 1,372 1,411 1,447 1,494 1,546 1,585 MATERIAL SECTOR 1,012 1,028 1,055 1,074 1,112 1,149 1,175 Industry 150 153 157 158 160 166 168 Construction 130 133 136 131 149 154 151 Agriculture 543 552 572 592 623 649 673 Forestry 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Transport a/ 77 76 75 77 65 63 64 Communication Trade and other material services 110 111 113 114 114 115 117 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 330 344 356 373 383 397 410 Housing and municipal services 67 70 69 71 69 68 65 Science, research & development 27 26 27 27 28 28 29 Education b/ 135 141 149 159 168 176 184 Culture and arts Health care, social security 64 67 71 77 81 86 91 Banking, finance & credit institutions .. .. .. .. oovernment Other nonmaterial services 38 39 40 39 37 39 42 a. Incudes comnwucasons. b. incldes culture and arts. Source: MF Economic Review. -362- TURKPENLSTAN TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 000s with NRR+ 1 by 199S) _,e gvwtp 7945 199w 1395 201)0 20W .....2.. .. TOTAL M+F 3,244 3,669 4,067 4,479 5,308 6,082 6,804 MALES- 0-4 261 303 273 263 274 268 269 5-9 215 253 297 270 267 267 269 10-14 188 211 250 295 260 272 266 15-19 173 184 208 249 268 265 266 20-24 149 166 180 205 291 257 269 25-29 145 140 160 177 244 263 262 30-34 114 138 135 158 201 286 254 35-39 84 108 133 133 172 239 259 40-44 4S 79 104 130 153 195 280 45-49 50 45 75 100 127 166 232 50-54 52 47 42 72 121 144 186 55-59 43 48 43 40 90 115 154 60-64 34 38 43 39 61 105 128 65-69 16 29 32 36 31 72 95 70-74 10 12 22 25 26 43 77 75+ -16 14 14 21 32 34 69 TOTAL 1,598 1,813 2,012 2,214 2,617 2,990 3,335 FEMALES 0-4 254 293 264 254 264 258 259 5-9 211 247 287 261 258 258 260 10-14 186 207 245 286 252 263 257 15-19 164 182 204 244 260 257 258 20-24 152 157 178 204 285 251 262 25-29 151 144 153 178 243 259 256 30-34 118 144 141 153 203 284 250 35-39 87 114 142 140 176 241 258 40-44 49 84 111 140 151 201 281 45-49 50 47 82 110 138 174 238 5054 53 48 46 81 137 148 197 55-59 47 51 47 45 106 133 169 60-64 43 44 48 44 76 130 141 65-69 28 39 40 45 41 97 124 70-74 21 24 34 35 38 66 115 75+ 30 30 34 45 65 73 144 TOTAL 1,646 1,856 2,055 2,265 2,692 3,092 3,469 (average arale rate) DBPENDENCY RATIO 79.5 82.8 78.8 69.6 51.6 47.9 47.9 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 37 29.6 25.5 21.9 18.3 16.1 DEATH RATE -8 6.9 6.2 5.6 5.4 5.5 RATE OF NAT. INC. 2.9 2.27 1.93 1.63 1.29 1.06 NET MIGRATION RATE -4.4 -2.1 0 0 0 o GROWH RATE 2.46 2.06 1.93 1.63 1.29 1.06 TOTAL FERT1LtwY 4.35 3.787 3.225 2.511 2.108 2.075 NRR 1.941 1.706 1.474 1.173 1 1 e(0) - BOT SEXES 64.76 66.38 68.08 71.02 73.59 76.33 e(15) - BOTH SEXS 55.39 56.59 57.56 59.24 60.81 62.52 IMR - BOTH SEXES 53.8 49.8 43.2 31.1 20.7 10.4 q(S) - BOTH SEXES 0.071 0.065 0.055 0.038 0.026 0.013 a. Rates are for five years ending in specifc year. Source: Word Bankr (PHRHA%) projecions. -63- TURKMENISTAN TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ~~~~~~. ............ -. - -. -,.- . : ..., . ......... TOTAL LABOR FORCE 1,604 1,775 1,847 Of working age Under 16 Over working age TOTAL EMPLOYED 1,342 1,372 1,411 1,447 1,494 1,546 1,585 STATE SECTOR 857 918 929 COOPERATIVES Industry & construction 16 33 Agriculture Collective Farms 326 345 356 Other PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED 156 212 229 HOUSEHOLD SERVICES 262 281 301 Source: World Bank dat. -364- TURKMENISTAN TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EOPLOYMENT, 1985-91 ,, , , ,,, ,~~~~~. ., .,,,,,;...................... ....... TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUSANIDS) 1,342 1,372 1,411 1,447 1,494 1,546 1,585 MATERIAL SECTOR 75.4 74.9 74.8 74.2 74.4 74.3 74.1 Industry 11.2 11.1 11.1 10.9 10.7 10.8 10.6 Construction 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.1 10.0 10.0 9.5 Agriculture 40.4 40.3 40.5 40.9 41.7 42.0 42.4 Forestry 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Transport 5.7 5.5 . . . . . Communication.. . Trade and other material services 8.2 8.1 8.0 7.9 7.6 7.5 7.4 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 24.6 25.1 25.2 25.8 25.6 25.7 25.9 House and municiplo services 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.1 Science, research and development 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 Education 10.1 10.3 10.5 11.0 11.2 11.4 11.6 Culture and arts . .. .. .. Health care, social security 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.7 Banking, finance, and credit insitutions Government -. .. .. .. Other nom aaterial services 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.6 Source: Tabn le 1.. -365- TUIRMENILSTAN TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 198-91 (xmbase efcwreatn0ebs) BY INDUSTRl4L ORIGIN Agicu. . . ure . . Net value added Depreciation Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreiation Tnnsport & communications Net value added Depreciation Odher material senices Net value added Depreciation Nonmatrial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product 6,542 6,733 7,344 Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlrURE CATEGORY Consmption Private consumption Goverment consumption Gross domesic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance rcaaage shr of GDP) BY INDUSIILAL ORIGIN Agriculture Nat value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nomnaterial services/a .. .. Net value added/a Deprciation .. .. Gross domestic product 100.0 100.0 100.0 Net value added Depreciion .. .. BY EXPENDIT^UR CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gros fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance Source: World Brank data. -366- TURKMENISTAN TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC P!RODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ...... .. ................. . . ............... ..... .. ......... ..... ............ (milions o conant 19 rublas) BY INDUSTR1AL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Deprecation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Govermment consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Icrease in stocks Resource balance (percentage growth) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Deprechition Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks -367- TURIMNISTAN TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (Aokins of current ra) NEr MATERIAL PRODUCT .. 4,718 4,828 5,321 13,771 BY ORIGIN Industry .. 1,231 1,101 835 2,699 Construction .. 967 874 952 3,126 Ageiulture a/ .. 1,840 2,095 2,549 6,390 Forestry .. .. Transport & communications .. 297 309 452 578 Trade & catering Material technical supply .. Other material services .. .. 382 454 537 978 BY FINAL USE Consumption .. .. Private consumption .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Other .. Losses Net exports .. .. Exports imports (as pemr age of Xet M i produd) NErI MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. .. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIGIN Industry .. .. .. 26.1 22.8 15.7 19.6 Construedon . .. .. 20.5 18.1 17.9 22.7 Agriculture a/ . .. . 39.0 43.4 47.9 46.4 Forestry Transport & communications .. .. .. 6.3 6.4 8.5 4.2 Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services .. .. .. 8.1 9.4 10.1 7.1 BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumpfion Government consumption .. .. .. .. Investment (accumulation) .. .. .. .. Fixed capital Other Losses Net exports Exports Imports .. .. .. a. Includesforestry. Source: World Bank data. -368- TU1RMNISTAN TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ;.- ;. ; ... ...;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. .... . ,, . .. .. ....... . .. . ...... .... . . (millo,&r of consant 19_ rubles) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT......... BY ORIGIN Industry excluding constructdon.. ... Construction .. .. .. Agiiculture .. ... .. Forestry . . .. .. Transporta.ion & communications...... .. Trade & caterin g .. .. .. Material technical supply . .. Other Material services BY INAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumption s nvestment (accumulation)c Fixed capital supply Others .. ..v.. Losses . .. Net exports . .. Exports . .. Imports -. .. (percentage growth) NBT MATERIAL PRODUCT BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction Construction Agriculture Forestry Transportation & communications Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Investment (accumulation) Others Losses Exports imports -369- TlIBlENISTAN TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMEP IMPLICiT PRCE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 .. .... ... ... .. .. . ..,' ... .. . . ... .. ...,-'.... ' . ' ' . ' . .... .. .. '. ''''' " ....... "' BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agnculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Conatruction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material aervices Net value added Depreciation Nonmatbrial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Govetnment consumnption Gross domestic investment G3ross fixed investenert increase in stocks (19=100) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. .. .. ... BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction . .. .. .. Construction .. .. . .... Agriculture . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Forestrgy.. .. .. .. .. .. .. Transport & communications .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Trade & catering W .. . . . . Material technical supply.. .... .. Other material services . .. .. .. BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital . .. .. .. Other .. services Exports . .. .. .. -370- TURMOISTAN TABLE 2.6: CAPiTAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... .. ......... .......... ........ .... .... .. ............ .......... .. , , .v ........................... ...... ...... .... .. ............................ ............... ..................... ............ .. ............... (anlhes of rul) TOTAL, MATER.IL & NONMATERIAL .. MATERIAL SPHER. .. Agriculte . Forest.y . bldu6ty~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. ..... Construction * Other in Material Sphere . NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. Housing* Other (apcnrge of total) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Indusfty Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE HousiDg Other -371 - TUREMENISTAN TABLE 2.7: CAPffAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (mWirs of commtat 1984 ruq) TOTAL,MATERIAL&NONMATERLAL 1,826 1,980 1,955 2,045 1,961 MATERIAL SPHERE 1,397 1,533 1,429 1,475 1,413 Agriculture a/ 476 506 480 437 420 Fore-try Industry 721 803 758 825 790 Construction 44 51 21 42 41 Odier in Material Sphere 156 173 170 171 162 NONMATERI4L SPHERE 429 447 526 570 548 Housing Other (oerentge growth) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATEIUAL .. 8.4 -1.3 4.6 -4.1 MATERIAL SPHERE .. 9.7 -6.8 3.2 -4.2 Agriculture a/ .. 6.3 -5.1 -9.0 -3.9 Forestry Industry .. 11.4 -5.6 8.8 -4.2 Constucdon .. 15.9 -58.8 100.0 -2.4 Other in Material Sphere .. 10.9 -1.7 0.6 -5.3 NONMATERLAL SPHERE .. 4.2 17.7 8.4 -3.9 Housing Other a. Includesforestry. Souce: Narkhoz 7krbnenistan, 1989; Narkho2 SSSR, 1990. -372- TURKMENISTAN TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) INCOMES TOTAL LABOR NCOME .. .. 3,083 3,365 3,759 4,350 Regular wages .. . . 2,212 2,377 2,545 2,780 Income paid by collective farms .. .. 17 78 174 Other wages & compensations .. .. 72 77 101 125 Income paid by collective farms .. .. 591 675 740 929 Income from sale of farm products 20 219 295 342 TOTAL TRANSFER RECEIPTS 621 747 860 951 Pensions and allowances .. ..430 460 484 562 Scholarships ......23 25 25 28 Income from financial system .. ..90 131 104 204 Other income ...78 131 247 157 Adjustment ..... 0 0 0 0 TOTAL DICOME .. .. .3,704 4,112 4,619 5,301 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES .. ..2,945 3,242 3,566 3,977 Retail Trade Prices 2,649 2,910 3,200 3,595 Purchased services, of which: ...296 332 366 382 Rent and utilities .. 1796 96 100 89 COmmunications 72 19 21 22 24 I ealthid other sevices ..i.. 6 7 8 9 Cooperatives of .. 0 6 14 23 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS .. 478 579 713 883 Taxes, fees, duties, others 431 348 394 456 Savings hips145 219 306 413 Other incoe15 7 12 13 14 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 3,423 3,821 4,279 4,860 Income less expenditure 281 291 340 441 Source: Goskomsta,. -373- TURE1ENISTAN TABLE 3. 1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 199-90 (AMIL. OF CUIRR. RUB.) Foreign 124 271 114 306 Interrepublic 2,467 2,595 2,773 2,438 OIL AND GAS 1,478 162 1,682 177 Foreign 3 0 23 0 Interrepublic 1,474 162 1,659 177 ELECTRIC ENERGY 105 15 101 15 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 105 15 101 15 COAL . 0 6 0 5 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 6 0 5 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign0000 linterrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 3 115 4 132 Foreign 0 24 0 10 Interepublic 3 91 4 122 NONFERROUS METALS 8 15 10 15 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrublic S 15 10 15 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 151 174 157 188 Foreign 1 14 5 19 Intrrpublic 151 160 152 169 MACHINE BUILDING 41 1,501 38 1,277 Foreign 1 73 2 85 nterrepublic 40 1,427 37 1,192 WOOD AND PAPERPRODUCTS 0 78 0 69 Foreign 0 7 0 5 Interrepublic 0 71 0 64 EONSTRUCTION MATER1ALS 25 54 31 45 Foreign 0 2 0 2 lIterrepublic 24 52 31 43 LIGHT INDUSTRY 601 209 616 226 Foreign 108 59 75 65 Interpublic 492 150 541 162 FOOD INDUSTRY 31 257 115 248 Foreign 1 55 4 69 Inbterrepublic 31 201 112 179 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 1 131 1 119 Foreign 0 1 0 5 Interrepublic 1 130 1 114 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 42 51 45 116 Foreign 1 36 1 46 lIterrepublic 42 16 44 70 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 105 99 88 112 Foreign 10 0 5 0 Interrepublic 95 99 83 112 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 5 9 4 11 Interrepublic 95 91 96 89 Source: Goakomata USSR. -374- TUPRMENISTAN TABLE 3.2: EXNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) ,. . . ... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .......... ... . .. . ... ................. ..... ., . , .. .. ... . , ........ .. ... ... .. .... .. .......................................... .. .. ... .. . . .. ... . .. . . . TOTAL TRADE 2,659 3,333 2,641 3,608 Ponnign 241 5S9 172 685 Intreublic 2,418 2,744 2,469 2,923 OILAND GAS 745 100 705 79 Foreign 2 0 9 0 Interrepublic 743 100 696 79 ELECTRIC ENERGY 70 10 67 10 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Intarrepublic 70 10 67 10 COAL 0 705 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 7 0 5 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Intrrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 3 102 3 113 Foreign 0 19 0 7 Irntrrepublic 3 84 3 106 NONFERROUS METALS 5 10 6 9 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Inte rr epublCc 5 1 0 6 9 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 152 230 153 229 Foreign 1 21 7 27 Interrpublic 152 209 147 203 MACHINE BUILDING 39 1,042 37 1,078 Foreign 1 93 2 120 Interrpublic 39 949 35 959 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 0 137 0 106 Foreign 0 12 0 9 fnterrepubSic 0 125 0 97 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 24 59 28 56 Foreign 0 5 0 6 Interrepublic 24 54 28 50 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,299 697 1,221 805 Foreign 223 243 139 255 Interrepublic 1,076 453 1,083 551 FOOD INDUSTRY 87 622 213 630 Foreign 2 144 7 185 Interrepublic 85 478 206 445 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 1 135 1 197 Foreign 0 3 0 17 lIterrepublic 1 133 1 180 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 133 84 127 192 Foreign 5 51 4 60 Interrepublic 128 34 124 132 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 101 99 78 98 Foreign 8 0 5 0 Interepubl.c . 93 99 74 98 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total eaxporta & importa Foreign 9 18 7 19 Interrepublic 91 82 93 81 Source: Gosksoms&zs USSR. -375- TURKEENISTAN TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 ...................................... ............................. . ............. . .... ................................. .. ..... ., . - - -.. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~....... . jj;; .............. .... ;;- ;;.;; .; . j; ;;......... - TOTAL 140 566 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 89 402 63.6 71.0 Austria 1 5 0.7 0.9 Belgium 2 2 1.4 0.4 Bulgaria 13 41 9.3 7.2 Great Britain 1 2 0.7 0.4 Hungary 8 33 5.7 5.8 Sp.in 2 .. 1.4 0.0 Italy 5 10 3.6 1.8 Netherlands 2 2 1.4 0.4 Pohand 7 S1 5.0 9.0 Rornania 6 14 4.3 2.5 GMermanly 16 144 11.4 25.4 Fmnland 4 18 2.9 3.2 France 4 7 2.9 1.2 Czechoslovakia 10 46 7.1 8.1 Switzerland 3 6 2.1 1.1 fugoslavia 3 18 2.1 3.2 Asia 31 113 22.1 20.0 Viet Nam 3 6 2.1 1.1 India 4 32 2.9 5.7 China 4 28 1.9 2.7 K.orea, Democratic People's Republic 2 5 1.4 0.9 M.ongolia .. .. 0.0 0.0 S.yrian Arab Republic .. 6 0.0 1.1 Turkey 2 2 1.4 0.4 Tapan 3 17 2.1 3.0 Africa 1 3 0.6 0.6 America 9 41 6.7 7.2 Cuba 8 16 5.7 2.8 Unitd States 1 17 0.7 3.0 Australia and Oceania 0 0 0.0 0.0 Note: Rubules are according to official exrchange rate. Source: Goslomvtat SNG, Vneshdyaya torgovla suverenmykh respublik i pribalt7yskkh gosudarstv v 1990g., 1992. -376- TUR1KENISTAN TABLE 3.4: ExTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 119 336 Oiter consumner goods including statistical discrepancy 104 332 POL and other energy 1,783 198 Inemdate goods 844 636 Primary goods507 Manufactured goods 793 564 Capital goods 38 1,242 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 2,887 2,744 EXTRREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 3 106 Other consumner goods including statistical discrepancy 4 39 POL and ofther energy 23 0 Intermediat goods 82 85 Primar ygoods 0 2 Manufactured goods 82 83 Cpital goods 2 76 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 114 306 INTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 116 230 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 99 293 POL and other energy 1,760 198 Intrmediate goods 761 552 Primary goods 50 71 Ma,nufactured goods 711 481 Capital goods 37 1,166 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 2,773 2,438 Source: WorldRankr staff esdm4ates based on offcal reports. -377- TURKMENISTAN TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) *i -- y- ji jj j j j- im- ji i-a - j; j ; im i vi TOTAL REVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFBRS 1,630 1,786 1,845 2,154 2,303 3,236 6,489 Grants 169 213 230 345 433 0 0 Transfers from al1 union Budget 94 164 192 259 218 728 1,409 TOTAL REVENUJE 1,367 1,409 1,423 1,551 1,652 2,508 5,080 Tax revenue 1,173 1,216 1,275 1,366 1,482 1,552 1,972 Profit taxes 277 308 331 367 329 404 640 Income tax 194 202 210 224 245 166 349 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes 583 576 593 619 711 780 669 Value added tax..... .. .. .. .. Customs duties .. .. .. .. .. ..... Social security contributions 104 116 126 140 I72 187 . Other aJ 13 14 14 16 24 15 314 Nontax revenue 194 193 149 185 170 956 3,108 TOTAL EXPENDIllURE AND TRANSFERS 1,542 1,703 1,767 2,053 2,221 3,114 5,897 Transfers to all union Budget 21 41 139 61 60 0 0 T_OTAL EXPENDlTURE 1,521 1,662 1,628 1,992 2,161 3,114 5,897 Current expenditure 1,233 1,355 1,311 1,533 1,712 2,604 5,270 .Administration 31 31 31 32 30 49 161 Defense.. ............. Subsidies 17 17 18 19 18 17 69 Niational economy 444 506 384 496 584 1,338 1,675 Foreign expenditure .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Of which: external debt service.. .............. Social-cultural expenditure 723 785 863 966 1,039 1,162 3,356 of which: social benefits 136 148 159 174 191 207 1,572 Other 18 15 15 20 41 38 9 Capital expenditure 288 307 317 459 449 510 627 Investment 23 . ... . SURPLUSIDEFICIT (-) 88 83 78 102 82 122 592 FINANCING Foreign (net) .. .. .. . . Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states Disbursement of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank a. Sales tar in 1991. Source: Budget Handbooks,various years; andtMF Economiuc Review, May 1992. -378- TURIMENISTAN. TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) S ' ' S p1 1 i. ........................... ..... .... .. i.. ''' ' " " ' '' NET FOREIGN ASSETS a/ .. .. .. .. 3,780 2,768 5,064 Foreign assebt..s.. .. ........... Foreign liabilities .. .. .. ........... NET DOMESTIC ASSETS ....... ...1,706 3,990 13,261 Credit to government (net) .. .. .306 21 Credit to state enterprises b/h..i.. .. .. 2,950 3,240 9,548 Credit to cooperatives........ ....... Credit to households & other private sector .. .... ........... Olher items (net) c/ .. ..... -1 ,244 444 3,692 BROAD MONEY .... .. 5,486 6,759 18,325 Money .. .. ..... 4,011 4,883 13,060 Currency in circulation .. . ... 1,604 1,823 4,471 Demand deposit . . .. .. 2,407 3,060 8,589 Quasi money .... .. 1,475 1,876 5,265 Time deposits...... .. ........ Savings deposits .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Other deposits dt .. .. .. .. 1,475 1,876 5,265 Foreign curency deposits Note: Data refer to January 1 of the following year. The preparation of a monetaty surve'yfor Tw*meniutan poses several difflculties. In particular, the figuresfor currency in circulation and the money stock are subject to a large margin of error. Since 1985, the authoridies have estimated these aggregates based on the assunption that about 65 percent of the net issue of currency leaks out of Tw*kmenistan. This ratio seems inordinately high, especially for 1991, when the balance of payments rcorded a large suplus. MOrOVer, interrepublican and otherforign assets and liabilides of the banking system are not transparent, and the accounting rules of the banking system differ from conventional practice. In addition to these dtfficulties, Ci was not possibe to provie a complete monetary surveyfor 1989 because of discrepancies between the banking system accounts on the one hand, and theriscal and external accounts on the other. a. Includes aforeign exchange account held by the govenment. This item also includes certain ruble claims and liabilities of Turkmenistan vis-a-vis other rpublics of the foimer USSR. b. Refers to Ccredit to the economy. c. Calculated as a residual in 1989; might includ credit to government. d. Mght inclu detme, savings, and foeign currency deposits. Source: IMFtEconomi Review, May 1992. -379- TUREKENISTAN TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (I[LLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) .................................................................................... .. .......... ..... .... .............. ....................... ........... ... ........ . . ~~~~~~~,,,..... .... ........ ........ . . ....... ,,-,,,,,,,- ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 4,049 4,183 4,313 4,489 4,641 4,800 FUEL ENERl}Y INDUSTRY ..... Electricityr 186 208 222 219 248 250 Fuel industiy 964 972 990 987 1,004 989 METALLURGY MACHINE BUILD1NG 223 220 236 230 244 246 PULP AND PAP3R INDUSTRY 58 67 70 67 68 64 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 145 165 192 207 184 192 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 255 271 287 271 275 285 uLGHT INDUSTRY 1,649 1,697 1,679 1,834 1,904 2,028 Textiles 1,321 1,452 1,434 1,570 1,636 1,745 Clothing Leather and shoes FOOD INDUSTRY 530 541 589 631 670 700 Food processing Meat and dairy products Fish Source: Mf Econonic Review, May 1992. -380- TURKMENISTAN TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ i , , i i E i ,, ~~~~~~~............... ...... .... .. , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.... ... . . .............. ,- E:................-E ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 4149 4,347 4,482 4,643 4,808 4,963 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY .. .. .. .. Electricity 192 214 229 225 253 258 Fuel industry 1,076 1,085 1,105 1,102 1,121 1,104 METALLURGY MACHINE BUILDING 232 229 246 240 245 256 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 57 66 69 66 67 63 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 145 165 192 207 191 192 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCT S CONSTRUCTION MLATERILUS 260 276 292 276 280 290 LIGHT INDUSTRY 1,566 1,703 1,684 1,839 1,911 2,035 Textiles 1,321 1,452 1,434 1,569 1,636 1,745 Clothing ............. Leather and shoes ........ ...... FOOD INDUSTRY 580 565 615 640 691 715 Food Processing .. .. .. .. ..... Meat and dairy products.. ..... Fish . .. .. .. ... a. In 1982 prices. Source: IMFEconomnic RVeview, May 1992. -381 - TUREMENISTAN TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICrTY PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF KWH) ~~~~~~~~..... ...... .. . . m. !!. ... .. .. .... PRODUCITION 10,987 12,396 13,267 12,891 14,508 Thermal .. .. ........ Hydro.. . . .. .. Nuclear .. .. .. .. .. IMPORTS 807 888 943 979 1,058 Interrepublic TOTAL SUPPLY 11,794 13,284 14,211 13,870 15,566 DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION 7,375 8,076 8,331 8,535 9,264 Industry and construction 2,675 2,926 3,083 3,602 4,083 Agriculture 1,297 1,405 1,467 1,610 1,643 Transport 1,090 1,337 1,236 797 809 Other sectors 1,356 1,404 1,459 1,453 1,520 Households Losses 957 1,005 1,085 1,072 1,209 EXPORTS 4,419 5,208 5,880 5,335 6,302 Interrepublic TOTAL USES 11,794 13,284 14,211 13,870 15,566 Source: Narkhoz Turbnenistw, 1989. -382- TUR1MENISTAN TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....,----.--.----. ........ ..... ................ . -. -.--.- . .:.- GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION .. . ........ .. CROP PRODUCTION, of which: Grains Potaoes Vegetables Fruit(excluding grapes) Grapes Tobacco Cotton Sugarbeets Oilseeds LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: LSivestock , of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and goats Poultiy Wool A^GRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL IN~PUTS Crop production .Animrali production Agricultural services NYET MATERIAL PRODUCT b/ .. .. .. 1,840 2,095 2,549 6,390 Crop production .. ...... Animal production .. .. ....... Agricultural services ........ a. Dana for 1991 are estiats. b. Includes forestry. Source: Table 2.3. -383- TURKAENISTAN TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSIANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . .. . .. . ..=... .. . .. ... ..... ... ............. .............. ........ GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION......... . ...... CROP PRODUCTION, of which: . .. .. Grains ..~~~~~~~~.. ....... .. ........ .. Pot ..oes . .. .. . . . .. Vege.ables .. .. .. .. .. ... Fruits(excluding grapes) . .. .. .. Grapes -. .. .. .. Tobacco . ................. Cotton .. .. .. .. ........ Sugarbeets . .. .. .. .. .. .. Oil _s .... . ... .. ... . LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattoe Pigs shee and goats Poultry Milk Eggs wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS Crop production Animal production Agricultual services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT Crop production Animal production Agricultural services -384- TUREKN'ENISTAN TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIUELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 @roductlon La tisoustuads ......of ...o..) Grain - cleanweight 293 324 408 379 449 471~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ........... Wheat (winter) 89 93 92 86~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. 130.. (spring)~ ~~~~.. .... ..... C oarse..... .....g......ai..n...... .... . R y e . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . Corn~~~~~~~~~~~~~.... .. .. 98.95.59.140135 12 Barley..(winter) . ...............6............ 88 .. 10510513 Oilseeds~~~~~~~~~~~~~(voudn ntouad o os Coetto (raww) 1389 1,27 1,34 1,82 1,471,2 Pulrse gai Grape ..15 5415 2 169 16 Oiher 384 47 50 42 47 47 Hlay Wet(winter) 35.0 14.7 415. 15.4 21.7 Coarsesgai CFrni 1975. 201. 32.8 32.3 31.0 29.9 Brarleyswne) 13.7 154. 165. 17.4 21.016 Cm(spiag) renhp Oays Wheat(itr 24.9 247 5.3 26.52.5 216.02. SuCowerseegai Cotto (rw)51.5 20.1 O321.1 21.83 23 1.4 23.79 Baly(wibter) 13.4 64.0 65.4 67.3 71.0 Ouabets Pilsees Goo rapes 178.5 78.2 80.8 72581.8 23437 Othber) 5.3.8 30. 34. 28.4 32.8 Cr(sigage+grechp Hoayos6. 6' 10''9.O 809.O Sourc:Wol Bnda Vegetbles 40.0 22.0124.0136.6111-3145- TUREIENISTAN TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 t ? e ,, , ,, ,, ? ,fi9 ............ , , , , , . j .... .. , . ............. ...... ..... . ...... . ...... ...... .... ....... -: --: ...........9.....*..- : : - :: .: (198 = 190) WHOLESALE~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .UE ......... . ...... .. . . Industry ~~~~~~~~~~~~.. .. ... .. ....... Construction .. ..~~~~~~~~....... ... ...... .. ..... .. WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing .. Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trsde Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES State and cooperative prices Food (excluding alcohol) Alcoholic beverages a/ 100 127 14S. 100 105 199 Non-food products bt 100 99 98 100 103 110 225 State prices Prices of cooperatives Prices on the 'kolkhoz markets" Overall price index 100 102 102 103 105 109 208 (December1999 = 100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WVHOLESALE PRICES .. .. .. Industry 172 174 177 225 224 227 236 241 279 Construction .. .. .. .. .. Construction imports .. Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade .. .. .. Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES .. .. Goods and services .. Groceries 103 111 117 172 176 173 160 155 159 Nongroceries 109 120 135 249 301 302 313 317 335 Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries .. (December 1990 = 100) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MAR 92 APR 92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry 284 392 396 1278 .. .. Construction .. .. .. .. .. .. Construction imports .. .. .. .. .. .. Housing Investment goods .. .. .. .. .. .. Agriculture Agriculture imports .. .. .. .. Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services .. .. .. .. .. .. Groceries 165 173 188 495 .. .. Nongroceries 342 350 367 974 .. .. Public restaurants .. .. .. .. .. .. Services Groceries and nongroceries .. .. .. .. .. .. a. 1985 = 100 (1986-87); 1989 = 100 (1990-91). b. 1985 = 100 (198687); 1988 = 100 (1990-91). Source: Worl Bank dat. -386- TUREAIENISTAN TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . AVERAGE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. MATERIAL SECTORS Electricity Fuel industgr Metallurg Machine building Chemicals Wood processing and paper industry Construction matenial Textile Clothing Leather and shoe industy Meat and dairy Fish Other food processing C'onstruction A^griculture Transport communications Trade (retail and wholesale) Other material production NONMATERIAL SECT.ORS .. .. .. .... ..... Housing and communal services....-.. .............. Science, research development.. Education .. .. .. .. .. .... CZulture ..... .. .......... .^ns .. ... ............ Health care, social security, sports .. .. .. .. ....... Banking, finance, credit, insurance .. .. .. Government . .. . .. ....... -387- Ukraine 1990 Population (millions): 51.9 Area (thous. sq. km): 603.7 Neighboring countries: Russia, Belarus, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova Capital city: Kiev (2.6 million) Titular nationality: Ukrainian (73 %) Language: Ukrainian Natural resources: Agricultural land, bitumen, anthracite coal, natural gas, oil, iron ore, manganese, uranium Major agricultural products: Grain, potato, meat and dairy, sugar beets, vegetables Main industrial activities: Heavy industry, food processing Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 164,761 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 3,177 -389- UKRAME TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMIPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ,....... ........ . . . ....... ............... ..... . . . ..... .. .. . ...... .. .. .... ..... ... ... . ........ ..... ............ ......................... . . .i .-.ii.i...... .......... i.i. i..... . - TOTAL POPULATION ( -YEAR) 50,917 51,097 51,293 51,521 51,750 51,860 Urban 33,809 29,176 34,315 .. ........ Rural 17,108 21,921 16,978 .. .. .. .. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE 20,679 20,747 20,718 20,523 20,249 19,886 MATERIAL SECTOR 15,489 15,457 15,352 15,126 14,903 14,636 Industiy 6,493 6,535 6,526 6,485 6,358 6,125 Constuction 1,592 1,618 1,657 1,724 1,903 1,889 Agriculture 4,322 4,232 4,164 3,982 3,807 3,878 Forstty 62 62 62 62 61 60 Transport Communication al 1,117 1,100 1,057 1,006 911 895 Trade and other material services 1,903 1,909 1,885 1,868 1,822 1,790 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 5,190 5,291 5,366 5,398 5,346 5,250 Housing and municipal services 744 768 808 821 810 776 Science, research & development 558 560 539 513 506 497 Education b/ 1,758 1,784 1,823 1,868 1,883 1,849 Culture and arts Healhh care, social security 1,096 1,100 1,140 1,170 1,174 1,173 Bankwg, finance & credit institutions 83 104 104 103 101 99 Government 352 373 373 369 344 338 Other nonmaterial services 600 602 580 554 527 517 a. Includes tramporL b. Includes cuture and arts. Source: World Bank data. -390- UKRAINE TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 000s with NRR+ 1 by 195) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... .. ..... . . .. ... . ...,,,,,,,.,,,, ..,.,....,..,,,.,,,,, TOTAL M+F 50,917 51,860 52,854 53,754 55,307 56,621 58,047 MALES 0-4 1,914 1,882 1,877 1,863 1,889 1,885 1,875 5-9 1,860 1,913 1,881 1,872 1,870 1,889 1,874 10-14 1,816 1,860 1,913 1,878 1,855 1,883 1,881 15-19 1,789 1,812 1,857 1,906 1,863 1,864 1,884 20-24 1,667 1,782 1,806 1,844 1,861 1,842 1,873 25-29 1,949 1,659 1,774 1,791 1,882 1,843 1,847 30-34 1,904 1,936 1,651 1,758 1,817 1,838 1,823 35-39 1,808 1,885 1,919 1,634 1,761 1,856 1,822 40-44 1,282 1,780 1,859 1,892 1,722 1,786 1,812 4549 1,489 1,251 1,739 1,819 1,583 1,716 1,817 50-54 1,708 1,427 1,203 1,676 1,797 1,650 1,725 55-59 1,303 1,596 1,339 1,132 1,668 1,475 1,623 60-64 1,262 1,174 1,446 1,218 1,458 1,605 1,512 65-69 657 1,076 1,008 1,250 914 1,399 1,285 70-74 416 512 847 805 879 1,110 1,287 75+ 674 574 587 862 1,262 1,279 1,845 TOTAL 23,498 24,121 24,707 23,198 26,082 26,917 27,786 FEMALES 0-4 1,838 1,802 1,797 1,783 1,807 1,802 1,792 5-9 1,796 1,839 1,804 1,794 1,790 1,807 1,793 10-14 1,764 1,799 1,842 1,802 1,779 1,803 1,800 15-19 1,724 1,767 1,801 1,840 1,791 1,788 1,806 20-24 1,651 1,730 1,773 1,798 1,798 1,775 1,801 25-29 1,967 1,658 1,737 1,769 1,834 1,786 1,784 30-34 1,955 1,969 1,662 1,732 1,791 1,792 1,770 35-39 -1,896 1,951 1,967 1,656 1,760 1,826 1,779 40-44 1,397 1,886 1,942 1,957 1,720 1,780 1,782 45-49 1,699 1,383 1,870 1,927 1,638 1,744 1,812 50-54 1,958 1,670 1,363 1,846 1,924 1,695 1,758 55-59 1,622 1,906 1,632 1,337 1,877 1,601 1,711 60-64 1,938 1,554 1,840 1,584 1,774 1,861 1,650 65-69 1,343 1,804 1,466 1,753 1,257 1,784 1,539 70-74 983 1,185 1,630 1,349 1,430 1,633 1,745 75+ 1,888 1,836 2,021 2,628 3,254 3,226 3,940 TOTAL 27,419 27,739 28,147 28,555 29,224 29,703 30,261 (average waanul rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 49.9 53.5 54.6 57.6 56.6 61.2 64 1985-90 1990-95 1995-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 14.6 14.2 13.9 13.6 13.2 12.8 DEATH RATE 11.4 10.9 10.5 11.1 10.9 10.2 RATE OF NAT. INC. 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.25 0.22 0.26 NET MIGRATION RATE 0.5 0.5 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE -0.37 0.38 0.34 0.25 0.22 0.26 TOTAL FERTILITY 2.1 2.094 2.088 2.079 2.072 2.064 NRR 1.001 1 1 1 1 1 e(0) - BOTH SEXES 71.65 73 74.34 76.53 78.35 80.35 e(l5) - BOTH SEXES 58.19 59.4 60.58 62.5 64.1 65.86 IMR - BOTH SEXES 14.5 12.9 11 8.3 6.2 4.1 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.011 0.008 0.006 a. Rates are forfive years ending in speci,fic year. Source: World Bankc (P,iNlW) projec*ions. -391- UKRANE TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSHP, 1985-91 (IMOUSANDS) .. . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . **-..,:... . . :.:.,. TOTAL LABOR FORCE .. . .. . .. .... Of working a.ge 23,929 .. 23,887 23,736 . Under 16 85 .. .. .. 80 88 .. Over.working.age 1,573 1,4.4 1,578 TOTAL EMPLOYED 20,679 20,747 20,718 20,523 20,249 19,886 STATE SECTOR 20,057 .. .... 29,401 29,141 .. COOPERATIVES Industry & construction Agriculture Collective Farms ..3,864 .. . ...3,469 3,412 Other PRIVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED 43 .. .. .. 51 51 HOUSEHOLD SERVICES 448 458 533 Source: World Ban da. -392- UKRMNE TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUS 20,679 20,747 20,718 20,523 20,249 19,886 MATERIAL SECTOR 74.9 74.5 74.1 73.7 73.6 73.6 Jndustiy 31.4 31.5 31.5 31.6 31.4 30.8 . Construction 7.7 7.8 8.0 8.4 9.4 9.5 . Agriculture 20.9 20.4 20.1 19.4 18.8 19.5 . Forestry 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 . Transport .... .. .. .. . .. .. Communicad.on 5.4 5.3 5.1 4.9 4.5 4.5. Trade and other material services 9.2 9.2 9.1 9.1 9.0 9.0 . NONMATERLAL SECTOR 25.1 25.5 25.9 26.3 26.4 26.4. House and municiple services 3.6 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 . Science, research snd development 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 . Educstion 8.5 8.6 8.8 9.1 9.3 9.3 Culture and arts . Heslth care, soc security 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.9 .anking, finance, and credit.institudons 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 overnment 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 TOter nonmaterial services 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 .. Sowuse: Tabk5 1.1. -393- UKRAINE TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .. .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. (milions of curreat rubes) BY INDUSTRUIL ORIGIN Agriculture . . .. .. Net value added .. Depreciation .. .. .. Industry Net value added .. . Depreciation .. .. .. ConStrUCtion Net value added .. Depreciation .. .. .. Transport & communications .. .. . Net value added .. . Depreciation .. .. Other material services Net value added .. . Depreciation .. .. .. Nonmaterial services at .. 19,000 20,900 25,200 26,800 Net value added .. .. Depreciation .. .. Gross domestic product 128,270 130,578 136,276 142,224 154,107 164,761 262,103 Net value added .. Depreciation .. BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption .. Government consumption .. .. Gross domestic investment .. Gross fixed investment .. .. Increase in stocks .. .. Resource balance .. .. .. (pceneage Share of GDP) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture .. .. .. .. Net value added .. .. .. .. Depreeiation .. .. . industry .. .. .. .. Net value added .. .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. . Construction .. .. .. .. Net value added .. .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. .. .. Transport & cormnunications .. .. .. .. Net value added .. .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. .. .. Other material services .. .. .. .. Net value added .. .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. .. .. Nonmaterial services al .. .. 13.9 14.7 16.4 16.3 Net value added .. Depreciation .. .. .. .. Gross domestic product .. .. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0. Net value added .. .. Depreciation .. .. BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption .. .. .. .. Private consumption .. .. .. .. Government consumption .. .. .. .. Gross domestic investment .. .. .. .. Gross fixed investment .. .. .. .. Increase in stocks .. .. .. .. Resource balance a. Excludes expenditure on social and cultral services furnished by enterprises of the material sphere to thidr enployees. Source: World Bank data. -394- UKRAINE TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~....,,.,, ......,j. ....... (mUl Woa of contn 19_ rubles) BY INDUSTRlAL ORIGIN A8riculture .. .. .. .. .. ..... Net value added _ ...... ..... Depreciation .. ............. Indush.y .. .. .. ..... .... Net value added...... ........ ..0. Depreciation ............ . Construction .. .. .. .. ........ Net value added .. .. .. .. .. ..... Depreciation ........ .. .. ..... Transport & communications . .. .. .. Net value added .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Depreciation .. .. .. .. .. ..... Otber material sennicea .. .... .. Net value added . .. .. .. Depreciation Of .. .. ...l.. Nonmaterial services. Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURB CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumptions Gros domestic inveatment Gross &ixed investment . .. .. .. Increase in stocks Raesource balance (grentge growth) BY INDUSTAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Inldustry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmnaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Governent consumption Gross domestic investment Gros fixed investment Increase in stocks -395- UKRAINE TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (mlioa, of can'eut rul) NET MATERIAL. PRODUCT 94,000 95,000 98,700 102,500 108,900 118S,000 210,600 BY ORIGIN Industry 41,600 41,100 44,000 46,400 46,400 48,700 90,800 Construction 9,400 10,100 10,300 10,800 11,400 11,500 29,100 Agriculturo al 22,600 23,900 25,400 25,600 30,500 35,800 60,400 Forestry .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Transport & comnmunications 5,400 5,400 5,200 5,400 5,600 7,100 9,400 Tradeo&caterng 5,400 6,300 6,100 6,900 7,500 8,000 12,000 Material technical supply .. .. . . ..... Other MateRal seovcos 15,000 14,500 13,800 14,300 15,000 14,900 20,900 BY FINAL USE Consumption 72,100 73,800 75,700 79,000 85,700 97,300 175,500 Pdvate consumption 63,800 64,900 66,400 46,500 75,400 85,900 153,400 Government consumption 8,300 8,900 9,300 9,500 10,300 11,400 22,100 Investment (accumulation) 19,700 20,000 20,400 18,100 22,200 21,100 26,100 Fixod capital 9,400 9,900 11,400 11,100 12,100 9,700 1,300 OTdher 10,300 10,100 9,000 7,000 10,1,00 24,800 Losses . .. .. .. NSet xports 2,200 1,200 2,600 5,400 1,000 -400 9,000 Exports . .. .. .. Imports -. .. .. .. (a. peredgs ofral maeraprduct) NETMATERIAL PRODUC 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 BY ORIG1N Industry 44.3 43.3 44.6 45.3 42.6 41.3 43.1 Construction 10.0 10.6 10.4 10.5 10.5 9.7 13.8 Aegriulture al 24.0 25.2 25.7 25.0 28.0 30.3 28.7 Forestry Transport&communications 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.3 5.1 6.0 4.5 Trade & catering 5.7 6.6 6.2 6.7 6.9 6.8 5.7 Material technical supply . .. .. .. Other material services 16.0 15.3 14.0 14.0 13.8 12.6 9.9 BY FINAL USE Consumption 76.7 77.7 76.7 77.1 78.7 82.5 83.3 Private consumption 67.9 68.3 67.3 67.8 69.2 72.8 72.8 Government consumption 8.8 9.4 9.4 9.3 9.5 9.7 10.5 Investment (accumulation) 21.0 21.1 20.7 17.7 20.4 17.9 12.4 Fixot capital 10.0 10.4 11.6 10.8 11.1 8.2 0.6 Other 11.0 10.6 9.1 6.8 9.3 9.7 11.8 Losses... Net exports 2.3 1.3 2.6 5.3 0.9 -0.3 4.3 Exports . .. .. .. Imports . .. .. .. a. Jncklds forestry. Source: World Bank date. -396- UERAINE TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 ...... .......... .,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,, .,. ,,,,,.. .......g..g ............... ..... ........ ........ ...................... . .1 ..... .1 9 90..9 (millons of constant rr*bles) a/ NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 96,200 97,700 102,900 105,300 106,600 105,200 104,700 BY ORIGIN Industty excluding consttuction 41,700 42,600 47,200 49,000 48,000 46,000 44,200 Constmction 9,600 10,100 10,100 10,800 10,800 11,400 10,700 Agriculture bl 24,500 25,200 26,300 26,200 27,400 28,400 31,000 Forestry .. .. ......... Transport & communications 5,400 5,400 5,200 5,300 5,300 4,900 7,100 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. .. . .. Material tecnnical supply .. .. .. .. . . .. Other material services 15,000 14,400 14,100 14,000 15,100 14,500 11,700 BY IINAL USE Consumption 72,700 73,800 74,700 77,400 83,100 87,900 90,800 Private consumption 64,400 64,800 65,300 67,900 72,900 77,000 79,600 Government consumption 8,300 9,000 9,400 9,500 10,200 10,900 11,200 Investment (accumulation) 19,000 19,700 20,700 17,500 19,900 17,200 14,800 Fixed capital 9,600 9,900 11,100 10,400 10,900 8,300 6,700 Others 9,400 9,800 9,600 7,100 9,000 8,900 8,700 Lossestry Net exports . .. .. .. Exports . .. .. .. .. .. .. Imports . .. .. .. (percentage growth) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT .. 1.6 5.3 2.3... BY ORIGIN Industry excluting construction .. 2.2 10.8 3.8 90 .0. Cionstructon .. 5.2 0.0 6.9 .. .. .. Agriculture b/ .. 2.9 4.4 -0.4 . .. Forestty . .. .. .. Transport & communicatons *- 0.0 -3.7 1.9 .. .. .. Trade & catering . .. .. .. Material technical supply.. .... .. Other material services .. -4.0 -2.1 -0.7 . .. BY FINAL USE Consumption .. 1.5 1.2 3.6 . .. Private consumption .. 0.6 0.8 4.0 . .. Government consumption .. 8.4 4.4 1.1 . .. Investment (accumulation) .. 3.7 5.1 -15.5 .. .. .. Fixed capital .6.. 3.1 12.1 -6.3 .. .. .. Others .. 4.3 -2.0 -26.0 .. .. .. Losses Exports imports a. 1985-1 988 are at 1983 rubles; 1989-1991 are at prevrous year's rubles. b. Includes forestry. Source: World Bankr data. -397- UKRAINE TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICIT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 = ..c=3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture .. Net value added * Depreciation Induatry Net value added Depreciation Construction Net value added Depreciadion Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation .. Nomnaterial services Net value added Deprecidton Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption erivate consumption Government consumption G}ros domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 97.7 97.2 95.9 97.3 102.2 112.2 201.1 BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction 9°9.S 96.5 93.2 94.7 96.7 105.9 205.4 Consruction 97.9 100.0 102.0 100.0 105.6 100.9 272.0 Agricultureb/ 92.2 94.8 96.6 97.7 111.3 126.1 194.8 Forestry... . Transport & communications 100.0 100.0 100.0 101.9 105.7 144.9 132.4 Trade & catering . .. .. .. Material technical supply . .. .. .. Other material services . .. .. .. BY FINAL USE Consumption 99.2 100.0 101.3 102.1 103.1 110.7 193.3 Private consumption 99.1 100.2 101.7 102.4 103.4 111.6 192.7 Government consumption 100.0 98.9 98.9 100.0 101.0 104.6 197.3 Investment (accumulation) 103.7 101.5 98.6 103.4 111.6 122.7 176A. Fixed capital 97.9 100.0 102.7 106.7 111.0 116.9 19.4 Other 109.6 103.1 93.7 98.6 112.2 128.1 285.1 Exports Imports a. 1983=100 (1985-88), 1988=100 (1989), 1989=100 (1990), 1990=100 (1991). b. Includes forestry. Source: Tabes 2.1 - 2.4. -398- UKRAINE TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 ........... .. ...... ... .......................... ...... ...... . . . ........ ... ....... . ....... ... ..... .......... .... ... ....... . ... ... .. ... ...... . (milons of nalbles) TOTAL, MATERIAL &NONMATERIAL 25,000 27,600 28,100 29,500 30,400 31,100 MATERIAL SPHERE 18,200 19,900 20,000 21,500 21,900 22,400 Agriculture sl 4,700 5,100 5,100 5,600 6,200 6,600 Forestry .. .. .... .. .. Industry 9,700 10,500 10,100 10,800 11,000 10,700 Consltuction 600 700 900 900 1,000 1,100 OtherinMaterialSphere b/ 3,200 3,600 3,900 4,200 3,700 4,000 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 6,800 7,700 8,100 8,000 8,500 8,700 Housing 3,900 4,500 4,600 4,800 4,900 5,000 Other 2,900 3,200 3,500 3,200 3,600 3,700 (as percentage of total) T_OTAL, MATEIUAL & NONMATERIAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 MATERIAL SPHERE 72.8 72.1 71.2 72.9 72.0 72.0 Agriculture s/ 18.8 18.5 18.1 19.0 20.4 21.2 Forestry .. .. . . Industry 38.8 38.0 35.9 36.6 36.2 34.4 Conlstruction 2.4 2.5 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.5 Other inM§aterial Sphere b/ 12.8 13.0 13.9 14.2 12.2 12.9 NONMATERiUAL SPHERE 27.2 27.9 28.8 27.1 28.0 28.0 Housing 15.6 16.3 16.4 16.3 16.1 16.1 Other 11.6 11.6 12.5 10.8 11.8 11.9 a. Includes foresury. b. Includes stadistical discrepancy. Source: World Bank data. -399- UKRAINE TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL lNVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 _,,. ........................ . ................,,, - ;. . . ... . . -- - -i. - .... .... .......... . . . . ................... . . . . . -. - ---- ....... v .i.. iii........ (millie. of coatt 19 rblbs) TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industry C on struce don Other in Material Sphero NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other TOTAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIAL -MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Industry Construction Other in Material Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE .. .. . .. . ..... Housing .. ................ Other .. .. .. .. .. ..... -400- URAINE TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDITURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) - < << 00 ~~~~585 19~ 187 189 "U 189 INCOMES-- TOTAL LABOR INCOME ..... 59,548 65,020 73,035 83,676 Regular wages .. .. 48,068 51,920 56,498 63,612 Wages paid by co-ops .. .. .. 440 2,488 3,392 Other wages & compensations .. .. 1,558 1,808 2,029 2,458 Income paid by collective &armsa .. .. 6,748 7,186 7,463 8,363 Income from sale of farm products .... 3,174 3,666 4,557 5,851 TOTALTRANSFERRECEIPTS .. .. 18,884 20,494 21,891 26,192 Pensions and allowances .. .. 12,440 13,268 13,969 16,731 Scholarships .. .. 465 500 504 554 Income from financial system 3,281 3,617 3,764 5,452 Other income .. .. 2,698 3,109 3,654 3,455 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME .. 78,432 85,514 94,926 109,868 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES .. .. 63,675 67,902 74,296 86,386 Retail trade purchases .. 56,621 60,096 65,899 77,487 Purchased services, of which: .. .. 7,054 7,806 8,397 8,899 Rent and utilities .. 2,001 2,088 2,177 2,132 Communications 589 646 710 778 Health & other services .. 107 124 136 172 Cooperatives .. 13 185 341 395 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS .. 13,918 15,903 19,539 24,031 Taxes, fees, duties, others .. 8,502 9,021 10,624 12,099 Savings .. 5,300 6,612 8,915 11,932 Other 116 270 0 0 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 77,593 83,805 93,835 110,417 Income less expenditure .. .. 839 1,709 1,091 -549 Source: Goskomstat. -401- UERADE TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-90 (MLL. OF CURB RUB.) ... .. ........... ... ... ....... ...... . .... ,,,..... ....= ~~~~~~~. .. .. .... .. .. . .... ....... .. . . i.jjj . j. : .. ........... i .. -- .. . ............ ...... :j.jj.i : . . . . . i i i i i i......i i i _ . iii..... ., i.ii-,i.......... iiii .-.j............ -.,i:i:i.j-............ .... . . j.jj........... .. ... . ......,,jj vi:j:jj: i.::j:,::-.j .i i::- : -j.-.j-j-::.:ij.jj----i .... ... ji:j,.i . ........... ..:. . ... .. .. . i,ij j: TOTAL TRADE 47,817 53,432 43,797 51,M70 Foreign 8,688 9,236 7,829 9,301 Interrepublic 39,129 44,196 35,969 42,468 OIL AND GAS 1,474 10,702 1,372 10,865 Foreign 837 70 605 89 lintrrepublic 637 10,632 767 10,776 ELECTRIC ENERGY 995 268 1,020 283 Foreign 753 0 769 0 Interrepublic 242 268 250 283 COAL 781 386 647 378 Foreign 530 119 425 86 Intemrpublic 251 267 222 293 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 3 0 2 Foroign 0 0 0 0 lntqreublic 0 3 0 2 FERROUS METALS 9,486 3,308 9,039 3,136 Foreign -2,114 489 1,702 300 Interrepublic 7,373 2,819 7,336 2,836 NONFERROUS MEIALS 1,461 3,228 1,522 3,484 Foreign 72 162 74 118 Interrepublic 1,389 3,066 1,448 3,367 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCIS 2,961 4,440 3,287 4,609 Foreign 555 1,011 672 998 Interrepublic 2,406 3,429 2,614 3,610 MACHINE BUILDING 23,397 21,252 20,315 19,448 Foreign 3,159 3,467 2,970 4,271 Interrepublic 20,238 17,785 17,344 15,178 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 292 1,261 296 1,324 Foreign 39 261 35 252 Intereublic 253 1,000 262 1,072 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 712 472 587 470 Foreign 32 53 27 51 Interrepublic 680 419 560 419 LIGHT INDUSTRY 959 2,706 753 2,856 Foreign 73 1,051 63 1,045 Interrepublic 886 1,656 690 1,812 FOOD INDUSTRY 3,028 2,897 3,025 2,207 Foreign 189 1,978 225 1,525 lIntereublic 2,840 920 2,801 681 THR INDUSTRIALBRANCHES 855 1,111 720 942 Foreign 84 98 128 123 interrepublic 771 1,013 592 819 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 836 601 751 669 Foreign 22 463 27 431 Interrepublic 815 139 7n4 238 THER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 579 796 464 1,097 Foreign 228 15 105 13 Interrepublic 351 780 359 1,084 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 18 17 18 18 Interrepublic 82 83 82 82 Sougrce: Goskomstat USSR. -402- UKRAINE TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MILL. OF CURR. RUB.) .-. . . . .. . . . . . . : : . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . .Ei iR RE -EiE Ri ~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . .... ,- ,-,,-''.'- '.'.'--".-''."-'''.' ""',"''".' E i E E i:E E E E E E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -. . . .E: ---E- Eii :,~~~.... .. . .'.-.'.'''.-.. .. . .. . . - - ---....... ... ,..-.. ,.............................................................................. ............... ....... . .... ...... ..................... TOTAL TRADE 4S,062 54,540 45,606 54,059 Foreign 7,595 14,569 7,287 15,071 Interrepublic 40,467 39,971 38,319 38,989 OIL AND GAS 863 4,381 639 3,875 Foreign 495 61 301 78 Interrepublic 368 4,321 337 3,797 ELECTRIC ENERGY 659 178 680 189 Foreign 499 0 513 0 Interrepublic 160 178 167 189 COAL 858 372 692 372 Foreign 582 79 455 60 Interrepublic 276 293 237 313 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 2 0 2 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 2 0 2 FERROUS MEITALS 8,088 2,893 7,619 2,679 Foreign 1,830 381 1,557 226 'nterrepublic 6,258 2,512 6,063 2,453 NONFERROUS METALS 965 2,188 914 2,136 Foreign 47 180 45 117 Interrepublic 918 2,008 869 2,019 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 3,944 5,883 3,923 5,711 Foreign 812 1,407 872 1,344 Interrepublic 3,132 4,476 3,051 4,367 MACHINE BUILDING 18,164 18,046 17,881 18,745 Foreign 2,251 3,846 2,381 5,025 Interrepublic 15,913 14,200 15,500 13,720 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 446 1,933 429 1,856 Foreign 67 404 60 396 tnterrepublic 379 1,529 369 1,459 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 709 508 642 499 Foreign 31 84 26 85 Interrepublic 678 424 616 414 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,674 9,694 2,326 9,738 Foreign 173 4,093 165 4,140 Interrepublic 2,501 5,601 2,161 5,598 FOOD INDUSTRY 7,790 5,058 6,659 4,046 Foreign 475 2,716 532 2,275 Interrepublic 7,315 2,342 6,127 1,770 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 870 1,251 1,128 1,809 Foreign 81 182 153 405 Interrepublic 789 1,068 976 1,403 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 1,495 1,409 1,651 1,402 Foreign 64 1,119 122 902 Interrepublic 1,430 291 1,529 500 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 537 743 423 1,000 Foreign 189 17 107 16 Intemrpublic 348 726 317 984 MEMORANDUM lTEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 16 27 16 28 Interrepublic 84 73 84 72 Source: Goskoms&at USSR. -403- UERAEE TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, 1990 ... ... ..... ......- --.-.-. ... . . .......... - . .. ..... .. --- ,............, ,...... .... .. .. . .... ......... ... .... .......... . .... TOTAL 7,874 9,739 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 5,556 7,722 70.6 79.3 Austria 61 196 0.8 2.0 Belgium 109 44 1.4 0.5 Bulgaria 732 935 9.3 9.6 Great Britain 241 122 3.1 1.3 Hungary 487 641 6.2 6.6 Spain 82 30 1.0 0.3 Italy 281 266 3.6 2.7 Netherlands 223 30 2.8 0.3 Poland 563 1,318 7.2 13.5 Romania 324 226 4.1 2.3 GerMany 908 1,726 11.5 17.7 Finland 196 353 2.5 3.6 France 212 158 ' 2.7 1.6 Czechoslovakia 678 966 8.6 9.9 Switzerland 30 132 0.4 1.4 Yugoslavia 262 403 3.3 4.1 Asia 1,016 1,033 12.9 10.6 Viet Nam 143 68 1.8 0.7 India 143 283 1.8 2.9 China 155 159 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 91 64 1.2 0.7 Mongolia 128 50 1.6 0.5 Syrian Arab Republic 23 76 0.3 0.8 Turkey 83 45 1.1 0.5 Japan 121 220 1.5 2.3 Africa 106 119 1.3 1.2 America 554 706 7.0 7.2 Cuba 440 328 5.6 3.4 United States 72 250 0.9 2.6 Australia and Oceania 4 43 0.1 0.4 Note: Rubkes are according to offiial exchange rates. Source: Goskomtat SNG, Vneshnyaya torgov.ya suverennykh respublik i prbaltykikh gosudars v 1990 g., 1992. -404- UERARE TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) ...~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~............. - ....... ..... .. ...... ... ... ............ , S.:....,...... . ---- . .,i . . ..--- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~... ... ... . I. ..,............ ........-.----.-.-.. TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 3,358 2,494 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 1,892 3,500 POL and other energy 3,648 11,614 Intermediate goods 15,404 15,762 Primary goods 2,925 4,859 Manufactured goods 12,480 10,903 Capital goods 19,496 18,399 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 43,798 51,769 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 239 1,704 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 316 928 POL and other energy .1,859 186 Intermediate goods 2,545 2,500 Primry goods 555 317 Manufactured goods 1,990 2,183 Capital goods 2,871 3,982 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 7,829 9,301 INTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 3,119 790 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 1,576 2,572 POL and other energy 1,789 11,428 Itermediate goods 12,859 13,262 Primary goods 2,370 4,541 Manufactured goods 10,489 8,720 Capital goods 16,625 14,417 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 35,969 42,468 Source: World Bank staff estbnaies based on official reports. -405- UKRAIE TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) . ... .... ... ... ... .......... .............. ... . ... .. .....~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . TOTAL REVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS .. . .. .. 53,300 61,800 86,600 Grants ..... .. .. .. . .. Transfers from all union Budget . .. 2,400 5,700 5,100 TOTAL REVENUE bl.. ... .. 50,900 56,100 81,500 Tax revenue .. .. .. .. 50,900 56,100 81,500 Profit taxes .. .. ... 19,700 20,100 26,400 Income.tax .. .. . .. 6,300 7,200 9,200 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes .. ... . 18,500 20,400 28,600 Value added tax .. . .. .. .. .. 400 Social security contributiona .. . I Other ..... .. 6,400 8,400 16,900 Nontax revenue TOTAL EXPENDlTURE AND TRANSFERS .. .. .. 52,600 62,800 120,200 Transfers to all union Budget .. .. 10,600 11,000 7,200 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE d/ .. .. 42,000 51,800 113,000 Current expenditure .. .. 35,200 44,900 104,400 ,Administration . .. .. .. Defense .. .. .. 9.. .. 7,000 Subsidies es .. .. .. .. 21,600 23,900 46,800 National economy con.b.t. ... of which: external debt service . .. .. .. Social-cultural expenditure .. 10,800 14,500 40,500 of which: social benefits . .. .. .. Other flN.. .. .. .. 2,800 6,500 10,100 Capital expenditure .. .. .. .. 6,800 6,900 8,600 Investmenit SuLUSIDEFIC1T (-) .. .. .. .. 700 -1,000 -33,600 FINANCING . .. .. .. Foreign (net) . .. .. .. Repayment from foreign states . .. .. .. Loans to foreign states . .. .. .. Disbursement of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans .. .. 40...0 Domestic (net) benefits Bank . .. .. .. a. Incl2ig sta0ical discrepancy in 1989-90 b. Excluding contri'bution to nadional social insurance. c. Including statistical discrepancy. d. Excleding expenditure of naional social insurance. e. Including unbudgeted subsidies directlyfinanced by the banking system in 1990-91. f Residual. Source: IMF Economic Review, April 1992. -406- UIRAINE TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MELLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) NEI FOREIGN ASSE1S a/ .. ..5.. .. S9,S00 59,800 85,500 Foreign assets .. .. .. ..... ... .. Foreign liablities. NET DOMESllC ASSET.S .. .. .. .. 53,700 71,000 147,300 Credit to governmenit (net) .... .. 8,300 9,300 48,200 Credit to state enterpnses b/ .. .. . .. 48,000 48,000 94,100 Credit to cooperatives . . . . .. ........ Credit to households & other private sector .. .. .. .. 1,200 1,600 1,700 Other items (net) c/ .. -3,800 1,200 3,300 BROAD MONEY ASSET. 113,500 130,800 232,800 Money .. .. .. 879,000 93,600 173,400 Currency in circulation .. . 817,200 17,400 29,800 Demand deposits .. .. .. .. 61,800 76,200 143,600 Quasi money .. .. .. 34,500 37,200 59,400 Timne deposits .. .. .. .. 34,400 37,100 58,800 Savings deposits Other deposits d/ .. .. .. 100 100 600 Note: Datafor Vneshekonombank are not inclided. a. Net claims on USSR Savings BanL b. Delotesfigurefor 'enterprises. " c. Includes statist*cal discrepancy. d. Refers to households' long-tenn deposits. Source: IMFEconornc Review, April1992. -407- UERAINE TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CuRRENT RUBLES) EdDS:.S,...',.4-""'"'"''"''""""""'"''"''"'''"", '.: ' E~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~........ FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 14,710 14,960 15,055 15,387 15,049 14,346 Electricity 4,521 4,551 4,705 4,956 4,937 5,314 Fuel induatty 10,189 10,409 10,350 10,431 10,112 9,532 METALLURGY 19,616 20,493 20,600 21,151 20,990 20,256 MACHINE BUILDING 40,443 43,779 44,723 48,637 50,907 51,228 PULP AND PAPER 1NDUSTRY 12,578 13,206 13,804 14,512 14,824 14,847 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 8,652 9,103 9,569 9,954 10,120 10,017 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCIS 3,925 4,104 4,236 4,558 4,704 4,830 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 5,146 5,355 5,471 4,729 5,821 5,741 LIGHT INDUSTRY 16,487 16,491 16,696 17,337 18,119 18,093 Textiles 7/,740 7,881 8,026 8,412 8,693 8,563 Clothing 5,808 5,645 5,626 5,778 6,273 6,278 Leather and shoes .2,889 2,913 2,987 3,082 3,080 3,180 FtOOD INDUSTRY 26,697 26,998 28,678 28,696 30,516 31,045 Food processing -15,384 15,100 16,319 15,836 17,035 17,225 Meat and dairyproducts 10,073 10,710 11,192 11,694 11,990 12,311 .F-ish 1,239 1,188 1,166 1,166 1,492 1,509 Source: World Bank daz. -408- UERANE TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .. . . . . . . . ... . . . . . - . . . . . ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 15,515 151,663 157,564 164,234 168,167 168,395 . FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 13,104 13,236 13,437 13,793 13,573 13,158 . Electricity 4,768 4,773 4,983 5,237 5,206 5,242 . Fuel industry 8,336 8,463 8,454 8,556 8,367 7,916.. METALLURGY 19,589 20,438 20,587 21,135 20,977 20,221 . MACHINE BUILDING 40,738 43,859 46,227 49,417 51,492 52,162 . PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 12,557 13,183 13,810 14,465 14,825 14,800 . CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 8,675 9,122 9,614 9,980 10,169 10,037 . FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS 3,882 4,062 4,196 4,485 4,656 4,763 . CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 5,107 5,315 5,385 5,654 5,190 5,691 . LIGHT INDUSTRY 16,587 16,754 17,073 17,704 18,253 18,326 . Trextiles -7,721 7,880 8,069 8,456 8,744 8,604 . Clothing 5,842 5,777 5,817 5,974 6,327 6,448 Leather and shoes 2,968 3,039 3,121 3,195 3,176 3,268 .D INDUSTRY 25,277 25,695 27,235 27,601 29,034 29,238 . Food processing 14,063 13,770 14,927 14,658 15,729 15,697 .. Meat and daiRy products 9,972 10,591 11,015 11,521 11,809 12,0349 Fish 1,242 1,334 1,294 1,422 1,496 1,508 a. In 1982 prices. Source: World Bank data. -409- UERAIE TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY ]PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MIDLLIONS OF KWH) .,,..,.,.,-i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. '''"... PRODUCTION 272,000 272,700 281,500 297,200 295,300 298,500 278,700 Thermal 208,000 219,300 219,300 213,100 218,700 211,600 191,600 Hydro 10,700 10,700 9,600 12,100 10,100 10,700 11,900 Nuclear 53,300 42,700 52,600 72,000 66,500 76,200 75,200 IMPORTS 10,400 12,000 14,800 12,300 14,300 15,400 18,300 Intrrepublic 10,300 11,900 14,800 12,300 14,300 15,300 17,400 TOTAL SUPPLY a/ 282,400 284,700 296,300 309,500 309,600 313,900 297,000 DOMESTIC CONSUMPION 248,200 231,590 261,800 265,800 267,500 270,000 263,800 Industry and construction 160,300 162,200 167,600 171,100 171,200 170,000 160,100 Agriculture 22,700 2,390 24,900 25,200 26,100 28,600 30,600 Transport 14,500 15,200 15,300 14,500 14,500 14,500 13,600 Other sectors 29,000 30,100 31,400 32,600 33,800 35,100 36,800 Households Losses 21,700 21,700 22,600 22,400 21,900 21,800 22,700 EXPORTS 34,100 31,600 34,500 43,700 42,100 43,900 33,200 hnbtepublic .. .. .. .. TOTAL USES a/ 282,300 284,700 296,300 309,500 309,600 313,900 297,000 a. Supply does not equW use due to rouning. Source: World Bank data. -410- UERAIE TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUICTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) .-.S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... '. . ...... GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 43,759 45,982 47,417 47,994 53,947 61,930 104,955 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 20,200 21,373 22,103 21,134 24,725 29,192 . arains 4,338 4,566 5,518 .. ... .. .. Potatoes 4,413 4,346 4,16S8.. .. 6,635 .. Vegetables 1,932 2,120 2,427 .. .. 4,713... Pruit(excluding grapeg) al 2,028 2,159 1,775 .. .. 3,907 . Grapes . . ..... ..... Tobacco 61 95 110 .. .. .. .. Cotton .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Sugarbeets . .. .. .. Oilseeds .. .. ........ .. .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 23,559 24,609 25,314 26,860 29,221 32,738 Livestock, of which: 12,062 12,807 13,451 .. 18,442 Cattle 6,136 6,649 7,092 6... Pigs 3,840 4,020 3,994 .. . .. Sheep and goats . .. .. .. Poulty1 1,755 1,809 2,018 ..4.7 Milk 8,057 8,121 8,672 .. 10,380 Eggs 1,526 1,495 1,484 .. .. 1,614 WJool . .. .. .. AGRICULTURAL SERVICES ... . MATrERIAL INPUTS 21,160 22,103 22,041 22,392 23,408 26,165 44,576 Crop production 7,591 7,762 7,770 7,327 7,913 8,722 . Animal production -13,568 14,342 14,271 15,065 15,495 17,442 . Agicultural serices. NETMATERIAL PRODUCT b/ 22,600 23,879 25,376 25,602 30,539 35,765 60,380 Crop production 12,609 13,612 14,333 13,807 16,812 20,470 Animal production 9,991 10,267 11,044 11,795 13,727 15,295 Agricultural services . .. .. .. a. Includeng grapes and berries. b. Includes forestry. Source: World Ban)k data. -41 1- UKRAINE TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 ... ............ ... .1.. . . .. . . . GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 47,094 48,107 49,150 48,357 50,821 48,954 42,605 CROPPRODUCTION, of which: 21,694 21,888 23,079 21,288 23,494 21,952 17,999 Grains 4,698 4,925 5,744 5,412 5,963 5,921 4,607 Potatoes 3,885 4,094 3,607 2,583 3,692 3,199 2,782 Vegetables 2,281 2,177 2,359 2,169 2,093 1,905 1,800 Fruits(excludinggrapes) bl 2,241 2,351 1,640 1,715 1,986 2,139 1,386 Grapes Tobacco 78 109 139 106 70 65 63 Cotton Sugarbeets Oilseeds LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 13,390 13,874 13,762 14,544 14,775 14,561 13,143 Livestock, of which: 13,390 13,874 13,762 14,544 14,775 14,561 13,143 Cattle 7,331 7,597 7,511 7,868 7,816 7,760 Pigs 4,069 4,152 4,149 4,427 4,611 4,511 Sheep and goats Poultry 1,828 1,953 1,921 2,058 2,157 2,106 Milk 9,147 9,349 9,390 9,618 9,677 9,731 8,884 Eggs 1,594 1,656 1,669 1,692 1,666 1,560 1,459 Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL INPUTS 22,553 22,928 22,872 22,173 22,792 22,907 Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIAL PRODUCT c/ 24,541 25,179 26,278 26,184 28,029 26,048 Crop production Anial production Agricultural services a. Data for 1991 are estmates. b. Including grapes and berries. c. Incldesforestry. Source: Uzbek Stae Commisteefor Statistis and Bank S4ff estiates. -412- UKRAINE 7.3: ]PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 (j,roductlon in millions of tons) Grain - cleanweight .. 1.4 19.6.211 .....1 Wheat (winter) '. 841. 172. 032. (spring) .. .. .. ........... Coarse grain Rye .. 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.0 Corn .. 8.0 8.3 8.6 7.0 4.7 4.7 Barley (winter) .. 1.0 0.7 1.1 1.4 2.0 2.0 (spring) .. 9.0 11.5 7.7 8.7 7.2 6.0 Oats .. 1.3 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.9 Millet .. 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 Rice .. 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 Flax 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Oilseedo Sunflowerseed .. 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.4 Soybeans Other Cotton (raw) (fiber) Sugarbeets .. 38.0 43.0 42.1 51.9 44.3 36.3 Potatoes .. 21.4 18.9 13.5 19.3 16.7 14.5 Pulses Vegetables .. 7.7 8.1 7.3 7.4 6.7 5.9 Fruit Grapes Other Corn (silage + greenchop) a/ .. 84.9 100.7 91.6 99.0 98.4 88.5 Hay .. 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 (averge yidd In cennrz/ha) Grain .. 2.6 3.1 2.9 3.4 3.5 2.7 Wheat (winter) .- 3.2 3.7 3.4 3.9 4.0 3.0 (spring) .. 2.6 3.0 2.1 3.0 3.0 2.2 Coarse grain Rye .. 1.8 2.2 1.8 2.4 2.4 2.0 Corn .. 2.9 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.3 Barley (winter) .. 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.6 3.7 3.2 (spring) *- 2.4 3.0 2.3 3.1 3.3 2.4 Oats .. 1.9 2.5 2.1 2.6 2.7 1.9 Millet .. 1.6 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.8 Rice .. 5.3 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.3 4.4 Flax .. 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 Oilseeds Sunflowerseed .. 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6 Soybeans Other Cotton (raw) (fiber) Sugarbeets .. 23.0 25.8 25.5 31.7 27.6 23.4 Potatoes .. 14.2 12.7 9.3 13.2 11.7 9.5 Pulses Vegetables .. 15.3 16.0 14.9 15.7 15.1 12.9 Fruit Grapes Other Corn (silage + greenchop) .. 22.8 23.5 25.3 23.6 21.3 20.9 Hay .. 3.2 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.5 a. Weight of green mass. Source: Ukrainian Minisry of Sta*stics. -413- UKRAINE TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 .-~~~~~~~~~~~# ,,8 ,g* -~$ . -9 -- . 19fl 9_ = 100) WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction inports Housing Investment goods Agricultre. Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES State and cooperative prices Food (excluding alcohol) Alcoholic bverages Non-food products State prices Prices of cooperatives Prices on the 'kolkhoz markets" Overall price index (December1990 100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP91 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing investment goods Agriculture Agrculture inports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services 105 112 120 183 183 181 180 176 178 Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries (December 1990 = 100) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC 91 JAN 92 FEB 92 MAR 92 APR92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculure imports Foreign trade Exports imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services 187 199 216 736 845 932 1024 Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries Source: World Bank data. -414- UKRAIIlE TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) AVERAGE 174 179 185 200 218 247 MATERIAL SECrORS Industry 202 206 211 228 249 278 Electricity 186 204 214 235 267 317 Fuel industry 319 323 327 337 369 407 Metallurgy 221 226 229 256 284 310 Machine building 203 207 211 228 249 277 Chemicals 190 194 200 219 242 264 Wood processing and paper industry 180 185 188 206 220 240 Construction material 182 188 192 207 224 257 Textile 171 175 179 203 217 237 Clothing 141 145 149 168 182 199 Leather and shoe industry 171 176 179 205 221 244 Meat and dairy 161 167 171 183 195 222 Fish 241 253 258 276 301 338 Other food processing 157 160 172 181 196 229 Construction 207 215 224 251 274 309 Agriculture 163 173 180 194 215 260 Transport 186 194 202 218 231 258 Communications 144 148 159 176 194 218 Trade (retail and wholesale) 134 137 138 148 169 213 Other material production 132 145 150 170 203 223 NONMATERIAL SECrORS Housing and communal services 134 137 142 153 163 186 Science, research & development 183 188 199 229 285 314 Education 142 146 157 161 163 176 Culture 108 109 112 117 123 143 Arts 141 142 144 148 156 177 Health care, social security, sports 121 123 140 135 144 163 Banking, finance, credit, insurance 169 182 183 196 214 366 Government 153 161 171 184 211 305 Source: Ukraiian Minstry of Stastics. -415- Uzbekistan 1990 Population (millions): 20.5 Area (thous. sq. kn): 447.4 Neighboring countries: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kyrghyzstan Capital city: Tashkent (2.1 million) Titular nationality: Uzbek (71 %) Language: Uzbek Natural resources: Petroleum, natural gas, coal, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, wolframite, tungsten Major agricultural products: Cotton, grains, vegetables, fruit, silk cocoons Main industrial activities: Cotton harvesters, textile machinery, chemicals, metallurgy, aircraft Currency: Ruble 1990 GDP (million current rubles): 32,430 1990 GDP per capita (current rubles): 1,579 -417- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 1.1: TOTAL POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) ........... ...... - . -... .-. ........ --..- -X...... --,-::- : .:::-::........ .. .: . :. . .. ... .. . . . .. . . - .. . .- .. . . . -.- ... . .......... TOTAL POPULATION (MID-YEAR) 18,090 18,587 19,107 19,623 20,108 20,532 20,955 Urban 8,418 Rural 12,114 TOTAL EMPLOYMENT (YEARLY AVERAGE) 6,619 7,624 7,941 8,111 MATERIAL SECTOR 4,876 5,647 5,884 6,000 Industry a/ 1,532 1,873 1,911 1,867 Construction Agriculture b/ 2,511 2,938 3,120 3,291 Forestly Transport c/ 293 242 250 250 Communication Trade and other material services 540 594 602 592 NONMATERIAL SECTOR 1,744 1,977 2,057 2,111 Housing and municipal services Science, research & development 1,289 1,494 1,569 1,617 Education Culture and arts Health care, social security Banking, finance & credit institutions Govemrnent 112 114 119 122 Other nonmaterial services 343 369 369 372 a. Inchudes constction. b. Includesforesty. c. Includes communications. Source: World Bank data. -418- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 1.2: POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, 1985-2030 (projection in 000s with NRR+ 1 by 199S) J~~* $ 199(~~~~~ . ................. ....... .. #3?...... ~~~~~~~~~~. .. ,.,.,.... . . .... ......... ..... ... ..., . .. .. ... . .... TOTAL M+F 18,090 20,532 22,765 25,224 30,147 34,682 39,007 MALES 0-4 1,490 1,684 1,545 1,526 1,578 1,527 1,553 5-9 1,204 1,462 1,659 1,536 1,548 1,528 1,546 10-14 1,039 1,187 1,446 1,655 1,515 1,569 1,522 15-19 916 1,021 1,170 1,440 1,526 1,540 1,522 20-24 832 885 993 1,161 1,636 1,501 1,558 25-29 813 793 850 983 1,417 1,507 1,524 30-34 636 778 762 841 1,140 1,613 1,484 35-39 460 607 751 752 964 1,395 1,488 40-44 262 438 585 739 821 1,117 1,586 45-49 290 246 419 570 725 934 1,360 50-54 295 274 232 402 697 781 1,072 55-59 243 273 254 218 SI1 669 875 60-64 197 217 245 230 346 613 703 65-69 89 167 185 210 172 424 567 70-74 55 69 130 145 160 252 470 75+ 115 84 80 123 195 209 438 TOTAL 8,935 10,184 11,308 12,530 14,958 17,180 19,266 FEMALES 0-4 1,448 1,620 1,485 1,465 1,512 1,463 1,486 5-9 1,180 1,423 1,598 1,479 1,486 1,465 1,481 10-14 1,020 1,164 1,409 1,596 1,458 1,507 1,460 15-19 915 1,002 1,149 1,406 1,474 1,483 1,463 20-24 842 883 976 1,146 1,590 1,454 1,504 25-29 817 804 852 973 1,401 1,469 1,479 30-34 636 786 779 849 1,141 1,583 1,448 35-39 466 614 767 775 967 1,392 1,462 40-44 261 451 600 762 841 1,131 1,572 45-49 281 252 441 594 764 954 1,378 50-54 300 272 245 433 744 824 1,112 55-59 270 288 263 239 572 741 930 60-64 245 254 274 252 409 710 793 65-69 158 222 234 256 218 531 698 70-74 113 133 192 207 217 361 643 75+ 204 1S0 193 262 394 433 831 TOTAL 9,155 10,348 11,457 12,694 15,189 17,503 19,741 (average aial rate) DEPENDENCY RATIO 81.4 84.3 80.5 70.8 53.1 48.1 48.2 1985-90 1990-95 199-2000 2005-10 2015-20 2025-30 BIRTH RATE 36 292 25.7 21.9 18.1 16.1 DEATH RATE 6.9 5.8 5.2 4.9 4.8 5 RATE OF NAT. INC. 2.91 2.34 2.05 1.7 1.33 1.12 NETr MGRATION RATE -3.7 -2.8 0 0 0 0 GROWTH RATE 2.53 2.06 2.05 1.7 1.33 1.12 TOTAL FERTELITY 4.285 3.793 3.301 2.523 2.09 2.071 NRR 1.977 1.762 1.546 1.196 1 1 e(0) - BOTH SEXES 67.92 69.34 70.82 73.39 75.64 78.09 6(15) - BOTH SEXES 56.54 57.54 58.57 60.43 62.04 63.81 DIR - BOTH SEXES 38.9 33.7 28.1 19.7 12.8 5.9 q(5) - BOTH SEXES 0.046 0.040 0.034 0.024 0.016 0.008 a. Rates are forfive years ending in specific year. Source: World Bank PHRN projecdons. -419- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 1.3: EMPLOYMENT BY FORM OF OWNERSWIP, 1985-91 (THOUSANDS) TOTAL LABOR FORCE............ ..... Of.working age .. .... .. ...... Under 16 . . ............. Over working age.. .............. .. TOTAL EMPLOYED .6,619 ... .7,624 7,941 8,111 STATE SECTOR 4,754 .. ... . 5,211 5,259 COOPERATIVES 1,208 .. .. .. .. 1,545 1,528 Indust.y & construction .. .. .. Agniculture .. .. .. ........... Coliective Farms 1,019 .. .. .. . 1,085 1,124 OUner 189 .. 460 404 PTVATE SECTOR SELF-EMPLOYED 658 ..1. 1,185 1,324 HOUSEHOLD SERVICES Source: World Bank data. -420- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 1.4: EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL EMPLOYMENT, 1985-91 . ........~~~~~~~ *. * **... ..X. TOTAL EMPLOYED (THOUSANDS) MATERIAL SECTOR Industry Consttuction Agriculture Forestry Transport Communication Trade and other material services NONMATERIAL SECTOR House and municiple services Science , research and development Education Culture and Arts Health care, social security Banking, finance, and credit institutions Government Other nonmaterial services Source: Tabk 1.1. -421- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.1: GROSS DOMESMIC PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 (ielIa .1@wat ilia BY INDUSTI1AL ORIGIN Agriculture .. .... Ned value added........ Depreciation .......... Industr .. . .. Net value added...... Depreciation .. ........ Construction ... Net value added... Depreciadon ..... Transport & communicadons. Net value added........ Depreiton Other material services Net value added . .. Depreciation .. Nonmate. al services. Net value added.... Depreciation Gros dometric product Net value added Depreciadon BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment....... Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance Net ae sdeedf GD) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture....... Net value added Depreciation Industsmpy . . o.u.. Net value added Depreciation Constrction Net value added Depreciation . ... Transport & communications Net value added Depreciadtoncks Other material services ... Net value addedl. Depreciation Normateuial services . GD1. Net value added Depreciadon Gross domesic product. Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Grs domestic investment. Gross fixed investment.... Inrease mi stocks Resource balances -422- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.2: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 (mMilIo of conatA 19_ nwlu) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agricultur. Net value added Depreciation industry Net value added Depreciadon Constuion Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmrial services Net value added DeprDciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gross domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks Resource balance (prcerdage growth) BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN Agriculture Net value added Depreciation Industry Net value added Depreciation Constcion Net value added Depreciation Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gross domestic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Gros domestic investment Gross fixed investment Increase in stocks -423- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.3: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .......... ........ .... ... .. ... .. .. (ad oas of cwrreat rubles) NET' MATERTAL PRODUCT 20,000 19,600 19,354 20,743 21,55S 23,402 45,963 BY ORIGIN Industry 7,000 6,800 6,969 6,521 5,610 5,565 15,246 Construction 2,600 2,800 2,755 3,052 3,062 3,477 4,906 Agriculture a/ 7,100 6,800 6,500 7,800 9,100 10,300 . Forestry .. .. .. .. .. ..... Transport &cormmunications 1,100 1,000 990 1,048 1,100 1,340 1,931 Trade & catering .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Material technical supply .. .. .. .. .. ..... Other material services 2,200 2,200 2,128 2,308 2,666 2,659 4,002 BY FINAL USE Consumption 17,000 17,300 17,400 18,500 19,600 21,300 35,200 Private consumption 15,000 15,300 15,300 16,300 17,200 18,700 . Government consumption 2,000 2,000 2,100 2,200 2,400 2,600 .. Investment (accumulatdon) 5,800 5,200 5,300 3,400 5,000 5,500 12,400 Fixed capital 3,400 3,900 4,100 3,800 4,600 5,200 Other 2,400 1,300 1,200 -400 400 300 . Losses 800 700 654 643 858 1,902 -737 Net exports -3,600 -3,600 4,000 -1,800 -3,900 -5,300 -900 Exports imports (as percenage of n matrlw product) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 BY ORIGIN Industry 35.0 34.7 36.0 31.4 26.0 23.8 33.2 Construction 13.0 14.3 14.2 14.7 14.2 14.9 10.7 Agriculture a/ 35.5 34.7 33.6 37.6 42.2 44.0 Forestry Transport & conimunications 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.7 4.2 Trade & catering Material technical supply Other material services 11.0 11.2 11.0 11.1 12.4 11.4 8.7 BY FINAL USE Consumption 85.0 88.3 89.9 89.2 90.9 91.0 76.6 Private consumption 75.0 78.1 79.1 78.6 79.8 79.9 Government consumption 10.0 10.2 10.9 10.6 11.1 11.1 Investment 29.0 26.5 27.4 16.4 23.2 23.5 27.0 Fixed capital 17.0 19.9 21.2 18.3 21.3 22.2 Other 12.0 6.6 6.2 -1.9 1.9 1.3 Losses 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.1 4.0 8.1 -1.6 Net exports -18.0 -18.4 -20.7 -8.7 -18.1 -22.6 -2.0 Exports Imports a. Includesforestry. Source: World Bank data. -424- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.4: NET MATERIAL PRODUCT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 .n,-~~~~~~~~~~~~. ..... ,,.., ,,E,,. ... ..., . , . ... , ... .,,.., (mWors of contant 19_rubles) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction Construction Agriculture Fory Transport & communicstions Trade & catexing Material technical supply Other material services BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Govt. consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Others Losse6 Net exports Exports Imports (percentage growh) NET MATERIAL PRODUCT BY ORIGIN Industry excluding construction Construction Agriculture Forestry Transport & communications Trade & catering Material toebnical supply Other material services BY FINAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital Others Losses Exports Imports -425- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.5: GDP & NMP IMPLICrT PRICE DEFLATORS, 1985-91 ~~~~~~~. ............... .............. .... ...... ........ ... ..... ... .... ...... . ....... ....... .............................. . .. . ..... . .................. .... . ... . ... ..... ....... .... ............. (19_=1003 BY INDUSTIUAL ORIGIN Agriculture .. ........... Net value added . .. .. ..... Depreciation .. .. .. . .. Industry .... .. ..... Net value added... .. .. 4.. Depreciation .. .. . .. .. Conuction .... .. .. .. Net value added.. . .. ..... Depreciation... .. .. .. .. Transport & communications Net value added Depreciation Other material services Net value added Depreciation Nonmaterial services Net value added Depreciation Gros domedic product Net value added Depreciation BY EXPENDlTURE CATEGORY Consumption Private consumpton Govenment consumption Gross domesdtc investent G3ross fixed investment Increase in stoc}s (19_=100) NEI MATERIAL PRODUCT BY ORI0IN Industry excluding constkuction Construction Agriculture a/ Forestry Transport & communications Trade & catering Material technical supply oter material services BY F1NAL USE Consumption Private consumption Government consumption Investment (accumulation) Fixed capital O1her Exports -426- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.6: CAPITAL iNVESTMENT AT CURRENT PRICES, 1985-91 .....................................I ........... .. .. . . ..- . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . .. . .. . .. . . .. . .. . . - :-- E- -i i-:-ii:. . .. . . . .. . .. . . .... . ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . ......... . .. ......... . .. . .. . . (iions of rbles) TOTAL, MATERIAL& NONMATERIAL 6,811 6,980 7,170 7,568 7,529 8,505 12,143 MATERIAL SPHERE 4,649 4,645 4,592 4,702 4,573 4,960 6,955 Agriculture at 2,090 2,104 2,064 2,094 1,898 2,267 3,036 Forestry 3 3 2 2 4 4 11 lndustry 1,579 1,587 1,675 1,741 1,805 1,671 2,435 Construction 276 252 210 247 246 289 390 Oth0r in Material Sphere 701 699 641 618 620 729 1,083 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 2,162 2,335 2,578 2,866 2,956 3,545 5,188 Housing 1,271 1,335 1,488 1,788 1,760 2,080 2,855 Other 891 1,000 1,090 1,078 1,196 1,465 2,333 (as percentage of total) TOTAL, MATERIAL &E NONMATERIAL 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 MATERIAL SPHERE 68.3 66.5 64.0 62.1 60.7 58.3 57.3 Agriculture at 30.7 30.1 28.8 27.7 25.2 26.7 25.0 Forestry 0.0 0.0 0.0 0°. 0.1 0.0 0.1 Industry 23.2 22.7 23.4 23.0 24.0 19.6 20.1 Construction 4.1 3.6 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.2 Other in Material Sphere 10.3 10.0 8.9 8.2 8.2 8.6 8.9 NONMATERIAL SPHERE 31.7 33.5 36.0 37.9 39.3 41.7 42.7 Hosinge 18.7 19.1 20.8 20.8 23.6 23.4 24.5 23.5 Other 13.1 14.3 15.2 14.2 15.9 17.2 19.2 a. ncludes forestry. Soruce: World Bank data. -427- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.7: CAPITAL INVESTMENT AT CONSTANT PRICES, 1985-91 .... . ¢ SB1/ ..............................__g . .. . . . .. .. .. . .................. ................. ... ....... ... ................... . . .. ... ... . ..... ... ... ... ... .. . . .. . .. ................. ... .......... (mul, of conun 9 nb_ ) TOTAL, MATERUAL & NONMATERIAL MATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture Forestry Indusry Constbuction Other in Material Sphere NONMATE3UAL SPHERE Housiing Other TarAL, MATERIAL & NONMATERIL MHATERIAL SPHERE Agriculture *Forestry Indusgtr Construction Otber in M Jtra Sphere NONMATERIAL SPHERE Housing Other -428- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 2.8: MONEY INCOMES AND EXPENDffURES OF THE POPULATION (MILL. OF CUR. RUBLES) . . s g''''0B:'B 2 g :: : , ..~~~~~~~~.......... INCOMES TOTAL LABOR INCOME .. 14,287 15,783 17,974 20,572 Regular wages 10,966 11,767 12,816 14,427 Wages paid by co-ops .. .. 170 936 1,048 Other wages & compensations .. .. 371 439 538 575 Incomepaidbycollectivefarms .. 1,670 1,815 2,118 2,475 Income from sale of farm products .. .. 1,280 1,592 1,566 2,047 TOTAL TRANSFER RECEIPTS .. 3,677 4,220 4,600 5,951 Pensions and allowances 2,501 2,658 2,903 3,415 Scholarships 147 156 165 193 Income from financial system 532 644 720 1,567 Other income 497 762 812 776 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL INCOME 17,964 20,003 22,574 26,523 OUTLAYS TOTAL PURCHASES .. 14,894 16,313 17,611 19,783 Retail trade purchases .. 13,404 14,561 15,711 17,837 Purchased services, of which: .. 1,490 1,752 1,900 1,946 Rent and utilities 437 462 479 475 Communications 85 95 108 114 Health & other services 28 30 31 33 Cooperatives 4 109 135 125 TRANSFERS AND SAVINGS .. 2,491 2,848 3,591 4,548 Taxes, fees, duties, others .. 1,630 1,768 1,974 2,342 Savings 852 1,067 1,599 2,160 Other .. 9 13 1 8 46 Adjustment 0 0 0 0 TOTAL OUTLAYS 17,385 19,161 21,202 24,331 Income less expenditure 579 S42 1,372 2,192 Source: Goskomtat. -429- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 3.1: EXTERNAL TRADE AT FOREIGN PRICES, 1989-"90 (MILL. OF CURRL RUB.) ... a.- :.- - a- :- --: : -:: :::--:...... ..... .. ... : :-~~ , . , .,,, ,,, .,, .,, , , , , ,, jj~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. . . . . . . . . TOTAL TRADE 7,754 12,460 7,702 12,289 Foreign 932 941 813 1,296 Interrepublic 6,822 11,519 6,889 10,993 OIL AND GAS 1,297 2,219 1,437 2,291 Foreign 34 2 12 3 inteffepublic 1,263 2,216 1,425 2,289 ELECTIUC ENERGY 323 282 311 258 Foreign 2 0 0 0 Interrepublic 321 282 311 258 COAL 7 38 S 45 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 7 38 8 45 OTHER ENERGY (PEAT) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 134 755 121 769 Foreign 0 26 0 18 Interrepublic 134 730 121 751 NONFERROUS METALS 690 622 741 679 Foreign 6 8 30 0 Intempublic 684 614 711 679 CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS 589 821 650 929 Foreign 38 96 44 124 Interreubfic 551 725 606 806 MACHINE BUILDING 1,772 4,305 1,570 3,711 Foreign 139 195 246 273 nterrepublic 1,633 4,110 1,325 3,438 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 19 427 12 394 Foreign 0 32 0 27 Interrepublic 19 395 12 368 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 65 214 69 197 Foreign 0 4 0 5 Interrepublic 65 210 69 193 LIGHT INDUSTRY 2,075 765 2,007 832 Foreign 677 218 465 253 Interrepublic 1,397 547 1,542 580 FOOD INDUSTRY 255 952 312 851 Foreign 15 177 5 280 Interrpublic 240 776 306 571 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 63 237 49 220 Foreign 9 2 2 23 nterrepublic 54 235 47 197 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 201 451 154 801 Foreign 10 181 8 291 Interpublic 192 269 147 511 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 264 372 262 310 Foreign 2 0 1 1 Inteffepublic 262 371 261 309 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 12 8 11 11 Inlemepublic 88 92 89 89 Source: Goskomstat USSR. -430- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 3.2: EXTERNAL TRADE AT DOMESTIC PRICES, 1989-90 (MELL. OF CURR. RUB.) : -:: . - . : - : :~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. . . . . . ..,. . . . . . TOTAL TRADE 10,169 14,15S 9,351 14,662 Foreign 1,628 2,112 1,182 2,798 IntarreFublic 8,542 12,046 8,169 11,864 OIL AND GAS 646 1,032 598 888 ForeigD 21 2 6 2 Interrpublic 624 1,030 592 886 ELECTRIC ENERGY 214 187 207 172 Foreign 1 0 0 0 Inbterepublic 213 187 207 172 COAL 8 42 8 48 Poreign 0 0 0 0 Interrepublic 8 42 8 48 OTHER ENERGY (PEAl) 0 0 0 0 Foreign 0 0 0 0 Interepublic 0 0 0 0 FERROUS METALS 112 676 99 661 Foreign 0 20 0 14 terrepublic . 112 656 99 647 NONFERROUS MEIALS 468 424 447 409 Foreign 4 11 18 0 Intrrepublic 464 413 429 409 CHIh4ICALS AND PRODUCTS 894 1,111 853 1,147 Foreign 60 137 60 174 interrepublic 833 974 793 973 MACHINE BUILDING 1,190 3,553 1,231 3,625 Foreign 86 229 180 333 Interrepublic -1,104 3,324 1,051 3,292 WOOD AND PAPER PRODUCTS 35 725 15 560 Foreign 0 58 0 47 Interrepublic 35 667 15 512 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 69 228 72 205 Foreign 0 1.1 0 14 Interrepublic 69 216 71 192 LIGHT INDUSTRY 4,659 2,761 4,242 2,963 Foreign 1,358 905 858 1,025 lnterrepublic 3,300 1,856 3,384 1,938 FOOD INDUSTRY 795 2,156 824 1,983 Foreign 33 486 14 735 lInerrepublic 762 1,669 810 1,247 OTHER INDUSTRIAL BRANCHES 66 247 75 409 Foreign 9 5 2 75 Interrepublic 57 242 73 334 AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (UNPROCESSED) 757 661 447 1,309 Foreign 54 247 43 377 lInerrpublic 704 414 405 932 OTHER (COMMUNICATION, TRANSPORTATION, SERVICES) 257 357 233 281 Foreign 2 0 1 1 Inlterrepublic 256 357 232 280 MEMORANDUM ITEMS Share of total exports & imports Foreign 16 15 13 19 lnoreublic 84 85 87 81 Sowrce: Goskcomsa. USSR. -431 - UZBEKISTAN TABLE 3.3: FOREIGN TRADE BY ORIGIN & DESTINATION, O90 ., , .X .. .. , , , . , .,, ....~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ... .,, ........... . ...... ... ... ............. .... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~.. ., .. ........ .....,g., g .._ TOTAL 875 2,051 100.0 100.0 of which: Europe 558 1,429 63.8 69.7 Austria 8 28 0.9 1.4 Belgium 15 9 1.7 0.4 Bulgaria 79 209 9.0 10.2 Great Britain 27 18 3.1 0.9 Hungary 42 104 4.8 5.1 Spain 9 24 1.0 1.2 Ihaly 32 55 3.7 2.7 Netherlands 20 13 2.3 0.6 Polant 54 218 6.2 10.6 Romania 33 46 3.8 2.2 Germany 95 309 10.9 15.1 Finland 21 72 2.4 3.5 France 24 27 2.7 1.3 Czechoslovakia 63 193 7.2 9.4 Swilzerland 3 21 0.3 1.0 Yugoslavia 20 56 2.3 2.7 Asia 200 348 22.9 17.0 Viet Nam 16 20 1.8 1.0 India 20 29 2.3 1.4 China 29 88 1.9 2.7 Korea, Democratic People's Republic 13 36 1.5 1.8 Moryop&a 16 11 1.8 0.5 Syrian Arab Republic 3 7 0.3 0.3 Turkey 9 5 1.0 0.2 ,apan 68 111 7.8 5.4 Africa 13 8 1.5 0.4 Amernca 62 189 7.1 9.2 Cuba 49 97 5.6 4.7 United States 8 52 0.9 2.5 Australia and Oceania 0 7 0.0 0.3 Note: Rubles are according to official exchange rates. Source: Gos*onsat SNG, Vneshnyaya torgovtya suve,ewzyk respubli i priblysk.ih gosudarstv v 1990 g., 1992. -432- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 3.4: EXTERNAL TRADE BY END USE CATEGORIES, 1990 (MILLIONS OF RUBLES) TOTAL TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 300 1,431 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 470 869 POL and other energy 1,756 2,629 Intermediate goods 3,702 3,523 Primary goods 860 1,049 Manufactured goods 2,842 2,474 Capital goods 1,473 3,837 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 7,701 12,289 EXTRAREPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES Food 11 391 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 3 119 POL and other energy 12 3 Intermediate goods 548 240 Primary goods 31 4 Manufactured goods 517 236 Capital goods 237 543 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 812 1,296 INTRAR~EPUBLIC TRADE AT FOREIGN TRADE PRICES FEood 289 1,040 Other consumer goods including statistical discrepancy 467 750 POL and other energy 1,743 2,626 Intermediate goods 3,154 3,283 Primary goods 829 1,045 Manufactured goods 2,325 2,238 Capital goods 1,236 3,294 TOTAL MERCHANDISE 6,889 10,993 Source: World Biank staff estnaes based on offca reporrs. -433- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 4.1: GENERAL GOVMENT BUDGET (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) TOTAL REVENUE, GRANTS AND TRANSFERS .. 9,100 9,700 10,800 14,600 28,000 Grants Transfers from all union Budget 1,900 2,300 2,900 6,300 12,000 TOTAL REVENUE 7,200 7,400 7,900 8,300 16,000 Tax revenue .. 6,800 6,900 7,400 7,900 10,900 Profit taxes .. .. 1,900 1,700 1,500 1,900 3,500 Income tax 1,000 1,100 1,300 900 1,600 Turnover taxes and other excise taxes .. 3,100 3,300 3,700 4,000 5,800 Value added tax Customs duties Social security contributions 800 800 900 1,100 Other Nontax revenuea/ ..a 400 500 500 400 5,100 TOTAL EXPENDlTURE AND TRANSFERS 9,200 10,100 11,000 14,900 31,100 Transfers to all union Budget TOTAL EXPENDlTURE 9,200 10,100 11,000 14,900 31,100 Current expenditure 9,200 10,100 11,000 14,900 31,100 Adninistration Defense Subsidies 5,300 National economy .. 4,300 4,600 5,000 8,100 11,100 Foreign expenditure of which: external debt service Social-cultural expenditure .. 4,600 5,200 5,500 6,200 11,000 of which: social benefits Other b/ .. .. 300 300 500 600 3,700 Capital expenditure 0 Investment SURPLUS/DEFICIT (-) .. .. -100 -400 -200 -300 -3,100 FINANCING Foreign (net) Repayment from foreign states Loans to foreign states Disbursement of foreign loans Repayment of foreign loans Domestic (net) Bank a. Includes other an= and statisdcal discrepancy. b. Includes rowuding errors in 1987-88. Source: .i Economic Review, May 1992. -434- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 5.1: MONETARY SURVEY, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES, END OF PERIOD) NET FOREIGN ASSEIS .. .. 10,716 29,635 Foreign assets Foreign liabilities NEr DOMESTIC ASSETS .. 14,108 28,110 Credit to government (net) .. .. 655 3,742 Credit to state enterprises a/ .. 14,458 32,008 Credit to cooperatives Credit to households & other privat sector .. .. Other items (net) .. .. .. -1,005 -7,639 BROAD MONEY .. 24,825 57,745 Money .. 10,716 19,075 Curency in circulation b/ .. .. .. 10,716 19,075 Demand deposits Quasi money .. .. .. .. .. 14,108 38,670 Trm deposits Savings deposits .. .. .. .. 8,386 18,124 Other deposits c/ .. .. .. .. .. 5,722 20,547 Foreign currency deposits Note: The data are subject to revision as new informaWon becomes availabke. a. Indicates figure for "entarpnses. ' b. Assumed to be equal so he stock of curency issued to the Uzbekistan State Bank by thefonner USSR Gosbank. c. Might inclkde demand, me, andforeign cunency deposits. Source: IM Economic Review, May 1992. -435- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 6.1: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 20,510 21,52S 22,041 22,718 23,493 24,733 55,150 FUEL ENERGY INDUSTRY 1,702 1,872 1,916 1,935 2,064 2,090 4,075 Electricity 823 911 936 907 984 1,011 1,733 Fuel industry 879 961 981 1,028 1,080 1,079 2,342 METALLURGY 1,012 1,070 1,099 1,077 1,149 1,166 2,686 MACHINE BUILDING 2,450 2,609 2,724 3,010 2,986 2,913 5,399 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 24 25 24 23 30 .40 ....136 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 63 66 69 71 75 ..70 ...... 133 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS 291 306 337 376 405 .418 ...... 764 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS 1,052 1,036 1,139 1,031 1,007 1,012 2,010 LIGHT INDUSTRY 8,417 8,815 8,696 8,894 9,367 . 9,623 ......24,863 Textiles 6,741 7,122 6,964 7,029 7,333 .7,439 ....20,487 Clothing 1,170 1,183 1,205 1,315 1,441 1,558 2,956 .ther and shoes 495 498 515 536 573 . 604.3 .......S5 FOOD INDUSTRY 2,666 2,670 2,745 2,850 2,870 ..3,156 ...... 7,674 Food processinRg 2,036 1,996 2,038 2,18 23,113 2,412 54,902 Meat and dairy products 578 616 649 662 693 675 2,637 Fish 52 58 58 60 64 69 71757 135 Source: World Rank data. -436- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 6.2: INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (MILLIONS OF CONSTANT RUBLES) a/ ALL INDUSTRY, of which: 2,805 26,194 26,849 27,735 28,733 29,250 . FUBL ENERGY INDUSTRY .. .......... Electricity 991 1,077 1,119 1,055 1,169 Fuel industiy 1,118 1,233 1,254 1,317 1,390 METALLURGY 1,153 1,205 1,236 1,215 1,288 MACHINE BUILDING 3,955 4,217 4,450 4,799 4,799 PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 1,359 1,562 1,691 1,821 1,811 FORESTRY/WOOD PRODUCTS 453 476 507 537 570 CONSTRUCTION MATE3RIALS 1,467 1,467 1,524 1,570 1,593 LIGHT INDUSTRY 9,579 10,058 9,899 10,138 10,537 Text.les.. ... Cloth.ing . .. ..... .. Leather and shoes . .. .. FOOD INDUSTRY 3,354 3,536 3,718 3,848 3,952 Food procssng .. ........ Mvfleat and dairy products .. .. .. .. .. Fish .. .. .. .. .. a. In 1982 prices. FSoure: D. Diamond, and G. Risunko, SSyndslsc Measures of Industrial Groh by Repblic in the Former USSR; 1 US Bureau of te Census, Center for ImernasoonatResearch, Washington, D.C., 1992. -437- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 6.3: ELECTRICITY ]PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION, 1985-91 (MIDLLIONS OF KWH) =:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.-'.....'i. B.. -::.......:: i PRODUCTION 47,939 52,171 54,755 50,590 55,874 56,325 54,165 Thermal 42,498 47,560 47,991 43,425 50,370 49,676 48,314 Hydro 5,441 4,611 6,763 7,165 5,503 6,648 5,851 Nuclear IMPORTS Interrepublic 14,147 13,557 13,798 17,412 16,609 16,472 17,702 TOTAL SUPPLY 62,086 65,729 68,552 68,002 72,483 72,796 71,866 DOMESTIC CONSUMPIION 46,682 48,154 50,049 51,441 53,343 54,168 53,785 Industry and construction 25,004 25,495 26,466 26,933 27,897 27,748 25,856 Agriculture 11,435 11,963 12,667 13,368 14,044 14,883 15,576 Transport 1,232 1,232 1,252 1,304 1,253 1,240 1,592 Other sectors 1,498 1,430 1,441 1,458 1,525 1,467 1,517 Households s/ 3,327 3,389 3,431 3,550 3,548 3,542 4,172 Losses 4,187 4,644 4,793 4,829 5,076 5,288 5,072 EXPORTS Interrepublic 15,404 17,575 18,503 16,560 19,140 18,629 18,082 TOTAL USES 62,086 65,729 68,552 68,002 72,483 72,796 71,866 a. Public serices and u*ili*es. Source: World Bank data. -438- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 7.1: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, 1985-91 (IN MILLIONS OF CURRENT RUBLES) GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION CROP PRODUCTION, of which: Grains Potatoes Vegetables Fruit(excluding grapes) Grapes Tobacco Cotton Sugarbeets Oilseeds LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: Livestock, of which: Cattle Pigs Sheep and goats P-oultry Milk Eggs .Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIALI.PUTS ........ .. 3,285 30,667 S,382 Crop production Animal production Agricultural services NET MATERIL LPRODUCT b/ 7,100 6,800 6,500 7,800 9,119 10,362 19,879 Crop production Animal production Agricultural services a. Daia for 1991 are estimnates. -b. Includes forestry. Source: Uzbek State Committee on Statistics. -439- UZBEIUSTAN TABLE 7.2: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN MILLIONS OF CONSTANT 1983 RUBLES, 1985-91 GROSS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 10,215 10,014 10,049 10,931 10,456 11,114 10,870 CROP PRODUCTION, of which: 6,930 6,795 6,631 7,289 6,692 7,044 . G*s~~~~~~~~~~~~~..... .. ............ Potatoes .. .. .. .. ........ Vegetables .. .. . ... Fruits(e..cluding grapes) .. .... . Grapes .. .. .. .. .. .... Tobacco .. .. .. .. ...... CO#OD~ ~ ~~~....... .. ... ......... Sugarbests .. .. .. .... Oilseeds . .. .. .. .. .. .. LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION, of which: 3,285 3,219 3,418 3,642 3,764 4,070 Livestockc, of which: Coatoes Pigs Sheep ant goats Poualtry Milk Eggs Wool AGRICULTURAL SERVICES MATERIAL IPUTS . of .. 2,771 2,901 3,261 C'rop production Animal production . Agriculturl services NET MATERIAL PRODUCIT.. .. 7,685 8,213 7,609 Crop production . ... .. Anlmal production .. .. .. .. Agricultural services .. a. Data for 1991 are estimates. Source: Uzbek State Committee for Stainics and Bank Staffestimates. -440- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 7.3: PRODUCTION AND AVERAGE YIELD OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS, 1985-91 w~~~~~.... . . . . . . .." ...... ~ ~ . .... ...i..... ! -.E. (orodrwlion in thousands of tons) Grain - cleanweight .. 1,186 1,738 2,083 1,555 1,899 1,879 Whest (winter) . 224 461 539 321 521... (spring) 17 34 24 21 32 Coarse grain Rye . . .. .. Corn ...389 421 520 460 431 421 Barley (winter) ..117 257 359 219 358... (spring) 15 32 32 27 27 Oats .. .. .. .. .. ..... Millet .. .. .. .. .. ..... Rice 399 506 581 484 503 520 Flax .. .. .. .. .. ..... Oieeds In ..o.. a ..s..f..o Sunflowerseed . .. .. .. Soybeans . .. .. .. Otber . .. .. .. Cotton (raw) 4,989 4,858 5,365 5,292 5,058 4,643 (fiber) 1,622 1,478 1,732 1,656 1,593 Sugarbeets g Potatoes 309 261 308 325 336 316 Pulses .. 4 3 5 5 6 . Vegetables .. 2,491 2,558 2,760 2,585 2,843 3,182 fruit .. 1,355 1,256 1,283 964 1,405 977 Grapes .. 695 652 655 416 745 468 Other .. 660 604 628 548 660 509 Corn (silage + greenchop) .. .. .. .. . .. Hayt (average ytedd Girain .. 16.9 17.3 19.8 17.8 18.8 17.5 Wheat (winter) .- 8.3 10.8 12.5 9.8 12.8 . (spring) 5.3 8.3 9.5 11.5 12.9 Coarse grain Rye . .. .. .. Corn .. 33.1 35.5 44.7 41.4 39.6 39.2 Barley (winter) .. 9.8 12.3 14.0 10.2 13.3 . (sprfig) 7.6 10.2 11.5 12.0 12.0 Oats . .. .. .. Millet . .. .. .. Rices 31. 32.6 34.9 30.1 34.2 32.7 Flax . .. .. .. Oilseeds 4 3 . Sunflowerseed . .. .. .. Soybesans . .. .... Other . .. .. .. Cotton (raw) 24.3 23.1 26.6 26.9 27.6 27.0 (fiber) .. 7.9 7.0 8.6 8.4 8.7 . Sugarbeets . .. .. .. Potatoes .. 102.0 85.0 99.0 92.0 80.0 80.0 Pulses .. 6.9 6.4 3.7 3.3 4.0 . Vegetables .. 196.0 201.0 209.0 193.0 192.0 184.0 Fruit Grapes .. 77.2 72.5 70.8 44.2 76.2 .. Odter .. 48.2 43.2 45.9 39.4 47.0 Com (silage + greenchop) Hay Source: World Bank data. -441 - UZBEKISTAN TABLE 8.1: WHOLESALE AND RETALF PRICE INDICES, 1985-92 (1985 = 100) WHOLESALE PRICES alJ. ... 100 102 110 271 Induat .y .. .. . ..... Construction ............ Construction imports , .. .. .. Housing .. ............ Investment goods . .. .. .. Agriculture . .. .. .. Agriculture imnports Foreign trade . .. .. .. Exports .. .. .. .. .. ..... Inports .. .. .. .. ........ CONSUMER PRICES . .. .. .. State and cooperative prices. . .... .. Food (excluding alcohol) b/ 100 105 108 109 109 111 190 alcoholic beverages 100 12S 147 147 147 147 206 Non-food products 100 99 98 98 101 104 202 State prices . .. .. .. Prices of cooperatives Prices on the ikolkhor msrkets Overall price index . .. .. .. (19 = 100) JAN 91 FEB 91 MAR 91 APR 91 MAY 91 JUN 91 JUL 91 AUG 91 SEP 91 WHOLESALE PRICES.. . Industry Construction Construction irnports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services p Groceries Nongroceries Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries (19 = 100) OCT 91 NOV 91 DEC91 lAN92 EB92 MAR 92 APR 92 MAY 92 JUN 92 WHOLESALE PRICES Industry Construction Construction imports Housing Investment goods Agriculture Agriculture imports Foreign trade Exports Imports CONSUMER PRICES Goods and services Groceries Nongrceries. Public restaurants Services Groceries and nongroceries a/1988 = 100. hi 1991 iondces reflect only state prces. Sousrce: World Bank data. -44.2- UZBEKISTAN TABLE 8.2: AVERAGE MONTHLY WAGES BY SECTOR, 1985-91 (CURRENT RUBLES) ~~~~~~..... ... ... - . ... .. ....... ...... .. ............ . . ........,,, , .. !,..,.. E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . .E AVERAGE MATERIAL SECTORS Industry Electricity Fuel industry Metallurgy Machine building Chemicals Wood processing and paper industry Construction material Textile Clothing Leather and shoe industry Meat and dairy Fish Oather food processing CZonsttuction Agriculture Transport Communications Trade (retail and wholesale) .. .. Other material production NONMATERIAL SECTORS .. ........... ..... Housing and communal services .. .. .. Science, research 8c development . .. .. .. Education .. .. . .. .. ... Culture .. .. .. .. ..... .. Arts .. .. .. .. ........ Nealth care, social security, sports . .. .. .. Banking, finance, credit, insurance . .. .. .. Government ..... ..... .. .. . -443- I Technical Notes Introduction These technical notes are arranged in the same order as the indicators. The broad The data sources and methods utilized in topics covered are: population, this handbook are explained in these notes. employment, and labor force; national The comparative and country tables use the accounts; external trade; public finance; same underlying data, thus the definitions monetary statistics; industry and energy and the methodology used in deriving and statistics; agriculture; and prices and wages. compiling the data are pertinent to both. For each indicator, the notes provide a brief explanation of what the data measure and 1. POPULATION AND LABOR FORCE explain how they may differ from standard international definitions. Because of the For most countries, population numbers conceptual differences it is important that beyond mid-1991 are World Bank staff readers pay particular attention to these estimates and projections. A de facto notes. Some indicators give a superficial population definition has been used. Thus appearance of measuring the same economic refugees not permanently settled in the host or social phenomena (for example, per country are generally considered to be part capita income), but differ vastly in content of the population of their country of origin. because of the underlying coverage and The definition of urban population varies conceptual basis utilized. among the republics of the former U.S.S.R. A fuller description of the methods and Although the statistical methodology and assumptions used to calculate the estimates classifications used in the former U.S.S.R. and projections is contained in the 1992-93 were theoretically the same across all of the edition of World Population Projections (Bos republics, there were in practice deviations and others, forthcoming). in the application of these uniform standards because of differences in economic The "vital rates" given in the lower structures. Furthermore, resources section of table 1.2 are for the five-year constraints by the statistical offices periods ending in the year specified. precluded full adherence to standards. Thus differences in coverage of the data collection "Life expectancy at birth" measures the resulted in variations in the published series. number of years a newborn infant would For this reason there are also gaps in the live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the data for many of the countries. time of its birth were to prevail at the same level throughout its life. -445- Statistical Handbook The figures for average annual growth of counted as infant death. In recent years population are period averages calculated Soviet statisticians have tried to improve the from midyear populations. methodology bringing it in line with international practices. The estimates of population by age for historical years are official national figures. "Total employment" represents the sum The data for 1995-2030 are World Bank of all persons (zanyatoye naseleniye) estimates and projections. working in the state sector, on collective farms, in private cooperatives, in private "Crude birth rate" indicates the number agriculture and self employed. The number of live births, and crude death rate the employed is the annual average number of number of deaths both occurring per employees in enterprises and organizations thousand population in a given year. within each sector of the economy. Employees are classified by sector according "Total fertility rate" represents the to the Soviet classification system. For the number of children that would be born to a state sector, tabulations of the number of woman if she were to live to the end of the workers and employees on the staff rosters childbearing years (15 to 49 years) with the of each enterprise and organization within future assumption that she would bear the republics of the former U.S.S.R. were children at each age in accordance with submitted monthly to the statistical agency. prevailing age-specific fertility rates. The annual averages are obtained as the average of twelve monthly counts. "The net reproduction rate (NRR)" Employment in agriculture includes measures the number of daughters a employment in state and collective farms newborn girl will bear during her lifetime, and private plots. assuming fixed age-specific fertility and mortality rates, and reflects the extent to 'Total labor force" is defined as the sum which a cohort of newborn girls will of the employed population, students, reproduce themselves. An NRR of 1 housewives, and the military. This concept indicates that fertility is at replacement of labor force is more encompassing than level; at this rate women will bear, on Western definitions because it includes average, only enough daughters to replace homeworkers but otherwise not gainffilly themselves in the population. The assumed employed. In the U.S.S.R. statistics the year of reaching replacement-level fertility working age for males is defined as 16 to 59 is speculative and should not be regarded as and that for females 16 to 54. Most of the a prediction. economic activity in the republics of the former U.S.S.R. took place in the state "The infant mortality rate" is the number sector; that is also the sector in which most of infants who die before reaching one year persons worked. Collective farms are of age, per thousand live births in a given nominally agricultural cooperatives. year. There is evidence that Soviet Consumer cooperatives were formerly methodology of computing infant mortality considered part of the state sector. Industrial was downward biased. For example, infants and service cooperatives are a form of born less than 1000 grams of weight who private enterprise legalized in the late 1980s die within seven days of birth were not and which grew rather rapidly. The legal -446- Statistical Handbook private sector is still small in most states of for depreciation). On the other hand, the the former U.S.S.R. The self-employed Soviet national accounting framework, based category consists of persons employed in on the Material Product System (MPS) made individual labor activities and private a distinction between "material" and "non- farming. Those employed in individual labor material" production. As noted below "non- activities consist of artisans, and persons material" production encompassed a range engaged in handicrafts and performing of services which are excluded in calculating minor repair work and other services. output. The MPS reports output or value Private farming covers the cultivation of a added on a net basis, deducting depreciation. small plot of land or raising of a small number of livestock. Those employed in Soviet statistics distinguish two groups of household services consist mostly of women services - material and nonmaterial. at home raising children or on maternity Material services are defined as services leave. directly contributing to material production such as freight transportation, communications serving production, and all 2. NATIONAL ACCOUNTS trade, public dining, and distribution activities. Nonmaterial services cover Soviet classification schemes differed passenger transportation, communication from standard international classifications. serving population, and other such as Illustrative of such differences are: education, health, etc. - Industry covers both manufacturing "Gross Domestic Product (GDP)", an and mining. Depending on context, SNA concept measures the total output for industrial statistics may or may not fial use producedt by residents or include certain types of industrial nonresidents regardless of the allocation to production undertaken by agricultural domestic and foreign claims. It is generally enterprises such as food processing, measured in purchasers' prices. The value canning, or construction materials. added by industrial origin (agriculture, Industry also includes all of electrical industry, construction, transportation and power generation as the "public communication, and other services) when utilities" sector is absent from Soviet summed equals GDP. The GDP on the statistics. Industry also includes expenditure side is simply the sum of repair of machinery. consumption, investment, net exports, and statistical discrepancy observed when the * Construction includes assembly and comparisons are made with the aggregate installation of machinery and obtained from the output side. equipment. "Gross National Product" measures the Soviet national accounting standards total domestic and foreign value added differs from international guidelines in two claimed by residents. It comprises GDP plus broad ways. The internationally used net factor incomes from abroad, which are System of National Accounts (SNA) covers the incomes residents receive from abroad all economic activity, with value added for factor services (labor and capital) less calculated on a gross basis (before deducting -447- Statistical Handbook similar payments made to nonresidents who such as material technical supply (wholesale contributed to the domestic economy. trade as a means of production), procurement, and so on. The value added The first non-Western estimates of GNP in trade in the NMP for republics included for the U.S.S.R. were carried out by the import-export balance in domestic prices Goskomstat and published in 1989 along and covered merchandise trade only. In the with an explanation of the methodology past, a substantial part of the compilation for used. The sectoral GDP breakdown was not republics was done at the central published at that time, and GNP or GDP Goskomstat and then entered into NMP estimates for individual republics were not accounts in the republics. This included the compiled. These estimates were based on a estimates on trade balances, turnover taxes, shortcut method which started with the NMP etc. figures and added to it net value added in the nonmaterial sector and depreciation in "National income" by final use, in the both the material and the nonmaterial sectors MPS context consists of consumption and of the economy. accumulation funds. Consumption covers both consumption of households and that of With the breakup of the U.S.S.R. and the goverment. Accumulation approximates the emerging economic reforms in the states to the concept of net investment in the SNA of the former U.S.S.R. the national context. The difference between the NMP statistical agencies of the new countries are by origin and the NMP by final use consists maKing attempts to introduce the SNA. of losses and net exports. The latter Estimates presented in the handbook were includes net foreign and interrepublic trade prepared by Bank or IMF staff based on measured in domestic prices. NMP data are data provided by the national statistical presented in current and constant rubles. compilers. The GDP sectoral breakdown coverage differs across countries, depending Value added figures in SNA and NMP on data availability. accounts differ because some elements that are considered intermediate consumption in In addition to GNP and GDP figures, the the SNA are included in value added in the handbook contains data on net material NMP. A good example is business travel product (NMP) according to MPS expenses which are considered part of value methodology. These figures are included added in the NMP but treated as because they were the main macroeconomic intermediate consumption in the SNA. indicators for these economies and continue to be compiled in conformity with the MPS It must be emphasized that the GDP methodology. figures presented in this handbook are provisional. An array of problems remain to "National income" is defined as net be solved before full SNA based national value added in material production and accounts for the countries of the former material services. The sector classification U.S.S.R. can be completed. The main used was: agriculture, industry, problem is the treatment of trade with third construction, transportation and countries and trade among the countries of communications serving production, trade the former U.S.S.R. This and other and catering, and other productive services, unresolved problems, together with the lack -448- Statistical Handbook of appropriate data (mainly for services and national statistical agencies. This is the depreciation), show that the data presented most comprehensive set of data on in the national accounts tables should be household receipts and outlays compiled in used with caution. the former U.S.S.R. Data sets are based on banking, retail trade, and other information. A further general observation is in order. Household survey data were used by Prices used for valuation purposes within the Goskomstat only to fill in the gaps. SNA framework reflect the rate at which However, the data do not cover certain transactions take place. Prices are thus types of services provided by the state free market determined and embodies scarcity of charge. These data cannot be included in values. On the other hand, prices in the the national accounts without appropriate former Soviet Union were set centrally adjustments. within the overall planning framework. Such prices were conventionally used for valuing output. Thus national accounting 3. EXTERNAL TRADE aggregates in the SNA and MPS frameworks reflect wholly different concepts and this The commodity composition of trade is contributes to the non-comparability of GDP expressed in current domestic and foreign and NMP estimates. trade rubles. The data were compiled by the U.S.S.R. Goskomstat and Soviet foreign "Deflators" presented in the tables are trade organizations. A complete set of data for both GDP and NMP, the GDP deflator were compiled once every five years when is a better measure of inflation because it input-output tables for all fifteen countries includes price changes in the service sectors. were constructed. The data for the years Because of data deficiencies, the GDP 1988-90 are estimates based on the 1987 deflators are shown for only a few input-output tables for 120 sectors. It countries. In some instances, the NMP should be further emphasized that the trade deflator as the proxy to the GDP deflators classification used by the Soviet Union has been used in determining the domestic differed from that used internationally. inflation rate. Domestic prices of exported goods are Estimates of accumulation, which prices paid by export organizations to approximates capital formation in the SNA domestic producers; domestic prices of context, are presented in both constant and imported goods are actual prices paid by current price terms. The estimates include final domestic buyers. capital formation financed from all sources, both state budgets and enterprise surpluses. Foreign trade export prices are actual Capital formation by households, mostly for prices received by Soviet exporters in owner occupied housing, is also included, foreign currencies converted to rubles at even though its size is small. Capital official foreign exchange rates set by the formation also covers changes in the value State Bank. Similarly, foreign trade import of inventories and the cost of major repairs. prices are prices paid by Soviet importers in foreign currencies converted to rubles. Figures for household receipts and outlays are based on data collected by -449- Statistical Handbook Domestic prices of imported goods were In the original Soviet source, trade with calculated on the basis of foreign trade 64 foreign countries is reported, about half import prices adjusted by means of special the number with which the former U.S.S.R conversion coefficients set by pricing traded. The table includes data only for authorities for groups of products.' those that had more than one percent of trade with most republics of the former Exports are reported on a f.o.b. basis. U.S.S.R. The data in table 3.3 are as they Imports are also valued on a f.o.b. basis. appear in the original source. No attempt has been made to rectify errors or Foreign trade data in foreign trade rubles inconsistencies. In nearly all cases, summing show the contribution of a particular trade across all republics produces totals that republic to the overall Soviet foreign trade match the import and export totals for each balance. Interrepublic trade figures in country to the former U.S.S.R. as a whole. foreign trade rubles show the trade relations Because trade data are not given for all among the countries of the former U.S.S.R. foreign countries, subtracting the sum of as if they had traded with third parties. imports or exports from the total given for the republics of the former U.S.S.R. should Table 3.3 shows foreign trade for each produce a small, positive residual that is of the fifteen republics of the former equal to trade with countries not identified U.S.S.R. The data are for 1990, prior to separately. The exception is imports for the dissolution of the U.S.S.R., so "foreign" Belarus, for which the sum of the countries refers to countries outside the former is nearly 50 percent higher than the total. U.S.S.R. Imports and exports are valued in The reason for this discrepancy is not foreign trade rubles. These are the same known. units used to report foreign trade in Soviet foreign trade compendia. The data that The trade data in table 3.4 utilize the appear in table 3.3 were published in one of Soviet Foreign Trade Classification (SFTC). the first publications of the new State Values of exports and imports are in current Committee on Statistics for the rubles at world (foreign) prices. SFTC Commonwealth of Independent States, based statistics have been converted into "Foreign Trade of the Sovereign Republics broad categories of the Standard and Baltic States in 1990" (VneshnWaya International Trade Classification (SITC), torgovlya suverennykh respublik i Series M, No. 34, Revision 1. These in pribaltiyskik gosudarstv v 1990, Moscow, turn, have been reaggregated into broader 1992). In 1990 the Soviet customs service SITC based groups. Food commodities are took over from the Ministry of Foreign those in SITC Sections 0 and 1 (food and Economic Relations the task of compiling live animals, beverages, and tobacco), foreign trade statistics. Data on trade by petroleum, oil lubricants, and other energy republic of origin and destination will be are the commodities in SITC section 3 more easily determined and compiled once (mineral fuels, and lubricants and related the customs services in each of the republics materials). Primary intermediate goods are are operational. Prior to this it will be those in SITC Sections 2 and 4 and Division difficult or impossible to allocate foreign 68 (crude materials, inedible, except fuels; trade among the republics of the former animal and vegetable oils and fats; and U.S.S.R. nonferrous metals). Manufactured -450- Statistical Handbook intermediate goods originate from SITC the budget definition excludes interest Sections 5 and 6 excluding Division 68 payments on external debt except perhaps (chemicals, manufactured goods classified for Belarus in 1991. As depicted in the chiefly by material excluding nonferrous tables, data for the most recent year (1991) metals). Capital goods are the commodities differ from the earlier years in structure, in SITC Section 7 (machinery and transport e.g., the value-added tax has been equipment). Other consumer goods are introduced to replace the turnover tax and calculated as the residual. The allocation other excise taxes, the transfers from the should be regarded as tentative. A more union budget are no longer included along exact allocation would require more detailed with other tax revenues. data. This is in fact a broad aggregation to classify trade by end use categories. In more than half of the republics, the distinction between current and capital expenditures is not fully articulated. Capital 4. PUBLIC FINANCE expenditures are therefore conventionally integrated in the totals for the national General government (state budget of the economy, socio-cultural outlays or other republics) is defined to include the budget of current expenditures. the central government (republican budget), local governments (local budgets), and the For a fuller understanding of the operations of the extrabudgetary units. Total dissimilarities between the Western revenues include grants, transfers from all- presentation of the budgetary accounts Union budget, tax and nontax revenues. (Government Finance Statistics) and that by Total expenditures comprise transfers to all- the former U.S.S.R., readers are Union budget, current, and capital encouraged to refer to "A Study of the expenditures. The surplus/deficit is Soviet Economy," volume 1 (IMF, World calculated as the difference between total Bank, OECD, and EBRD, 1991) revenues (including grants and transfers) and total expenditures (including transfers). This table should be used with caution. Readers 5. MONETARY STATISTICS should take particular account of the footnotes in the country tables to avoid Most of the monetary data were gathered being misled. The detailed economic directly from the IMF publications and are classification of current expenditures is not only slightly modified to achieve a readily available. In most cases, consistent presentation across countries. In expenditures are lumped together under more than a third of the countries, the administration (Estonia, Kyrghyzstan), breakdown of foreign assets and foreign national economy, or sociocultural outlays liabilities is not made. (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, In the net domestic assets category, Turkmnenistan, Uzbekistan). Defense "credit to state enterprises" includes "credit expenditures and interest payments are also to cooperatives" for almost half of the not separately identified for the early years. republics. In four republics, "credit to state In one or two countries, however, these enterprises" includes "credit to cooperatives" expenditures emerged in 1991. In general, -45 1- Statistical Handbook and "credit to households and other private withdrawn only after a specified sector." period of notice. Saving deposits are interest-earning In the classification of quasi money, nontransferable deposits in savings savings deposits are grouped with time and passbook accounts. deposits in almost half of the fifteen * Foreign currency deposits are republics. Similarly, more than a third of deposits in foreign currencies in the the republics might have included time, state and commercial banks by savings and foreign currency deposits in residents and non-residents. "other" deposits. In a third of the country tables, the 6. INDUSTRY AND ENERGY footnotes explicitly indicate that the STATISTICS monetary survey statistics are not comprehensive and are subject to a wide "Industrial production" in current and margin of error. At best, the data represent constant prices, as a total and by sector, is rough orders of magnitude. the sum of industrial output by all enterprises. Output is measured in factory Basic definitions are as follows: prices, which are comprised of primary costs of production plus profit. Output * Net foreign assets equals foreign figures include final goods as well as assets less foreign liabilities. semifinished products produced using own * Foreign assets are financial claims raw materials or raw materials supplied by on nonresidents. the client. Output figures also include * Foreign liabilities are financial industrial services rendered to outside obligations to nonresidents. clients. With some exceptions, the value of * Money is the sum of currency semifabricates produced and used within the outside banks plus demand deposits same enterprise is not included in held with the monetary institutions production. Output is measured in current by the rest of the domestic economy and constant rubles. Constant prices other than the central government. correspond to the "comparable" prices * Demand deposits are deposits centrally established for accounting and payable on demand and transferable planning purposes for a given year in the by check, or otherwise usable in past and are not the same as constant pnces making payments. conventionally understood. The national * Quasi-money are the liabilities of the sources report output in constant rubles. The monetary system (that is, the current price data available in the handbook monetary authorities and deposit are for the most part World Bank and IMF money banks) that, although not estimates. directly usable as means of payment, are convertible into money with little Electricity production and consumption delay or financial penalty upon data were compiled using the national presentation to the issuer. sources as well as information obtained by * Time deposits are deposits with World Bank missions. financial institutions that can be -452- Statistical Handbook 7. AGRICULTURE area is designated as the area that the farm is responsible for and this is the area upon The three tables containing agricultural which yields are computed. The results are data present output in current and constant presented in centners (one centner is equal (comparable) rubles and the production and to 100 kilograms; 10 centners are equal to yield of major crops in physical units. To one metric ton). arrive at gross agricultural output, physical quantities of output are aggregated by Goskomstat, then valued in current or 8. PRICES AND WAGES constant rubles. State purchase prices are used for valuation of sales to the state by The retail price index measures the price collective farms, state farms, interkolkhoz changes for the volume of goods sold to the enterprises, other productive agricultural population through the state and cooperative enterprises, and individuals. For sales by trade network and in public dining collective farms and individuals in collective establishments. The goods sold are priced in farm markets, collective farm market prices a base year and in the current year. are used. Agricultural output produced on Through 1988, the prices were based on list private plots which are either consumed by prices, and they were not weighted by the the producers or sold to other individuals volume sold. Beginning in 1989 a new are valued at average selling prices. system was introduced for non-food items; Agricultural services or inputs, for example, in the second half of 1990, for food items. rrigation services and crop spraying are Price changes are based on a register or valued at cost. Net material product is the "market basket" of 1,030 goods. Price difference between gross output and changes for these goods in 159 oblast intermediate consumption. Intermediate centers were measured and compiled into a consumption comprise everything used in summary index. The new index allows the the production process, including measurement of price changes in different depreciation, the value of the means of trade channels and is not confined to the production used within that sector, and state retail trade network. expenditures on services rendered by third parties. This methodology is the same as Estimates of "nominal wages" by sector that used in the estimate of net material are published in Soviet and republic product. statistical yearbooks. These are more in the nature of average earnings. They are Total production data are compiled on determined by dividing the wage fund by the basis of reports submitted by all state farms, number of workers and employees, collective fanrs, and other agricultural including regular or one-time bonuses, enterprises. Figures for production on premiums, and other payments from the private plots are compiled from family material stimulation fund. budget surveys. To compute average yield, the total harvest is divided by the corrected productive area. This is larger than total COMPARATIVE TABLES harvested area but is usually smaller than the total planted area. At some point Most of the indicators shown on these between planting and harvesting, a certain analytical tables have been derived from the -453- Statistical Handbook country tables. For indicators that do not INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTION appear in the country tables, the definitions TABLES are listed below: Balance of payments estimates are "Area is" the total surface area, presented for the entire former U.S.S.R. and measured in thousands of square ldlometers, cover the convertible currency area only. comprising land area and all inland waters. The international transactions of the former U.S.S.R. with the former CMEA and other "GDP per capita" figures in millions of countries conducted in local currencies and current rubles are calculated using GDP on a clearing basis are excluded from the figures in table 2.1 and population in table balance of payments and thus only pardally 1.1. reflect the transactions with non-residents. "Fertilizer" includes nitrogen, phosphate, The outstanding foreign debt of the and potassium in nutrient weight. former U.S.S.R. is presented as of December 31, 1991. Because of the "Grain" is defined as wheat, maize, uncertainties surrounding the division of the barley, oats, rye, millet, flour, groats. assets and liabilities of the former U.S.S.R. among the states, the debt and service obligations are presented for the former U.S.S.R. as an entity. -454- Bibliography Bos, Eduard, My T. Vu, Ann Levin, and statistical handbooks for Armenia. Exact Rodolfo A. Bulatao. Forthcoming. World title of volumes differs in some years.) Population Projections, 1992-93 Edition. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University GosudarstvennyykomitetAzerbaydzhanskoy Press. SSR po statistike. Narodnoye khozyaystvo Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR v 19_: Statisticheskiy Department statistiki Estonii. Various years. yezhegodnik. Baku. (State Committee on Statisticheskiy yezhegodnik Estonii 19_. 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A Study of the Soviet Economy. 3 vols. 1992. Kazakhstan (Economic Review). Washington, D.C.: World Bank. Washington, D.C. May. Marer, Paul and others. 1992. Historically - 1992. Kyrghyzstan (Economic Review). Planned Economies: A Guide to the Data. Washington, D.C. May. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. Ministerstvo fmansov SSSR. Various years. Gosudarstvenny byudzhet SSSR 19_. Kratkiy -457- Statistical Handbook statisticheskiy sborn,k. Moscow. (Ministry Statistical Yearbook. A series of annual of Finance USSR. State Budget of the USSR statistical handbooks for Ukraine. Exact title 19_: Short Statistical Handbook. A series of of volumes differs in some years.) annual statistical handbooks on the budget of the USSR and the republics.) World Bank. 1992. World Development Report 1992. New York.: Oxford University Ministerstvo (komitet) Ukrainskoy SSR po Press. statistike. Various years. Narodnoye khozyaystvo Ukrainskoy SSR v 19_: Statistcheskiy yezhegodnik. Kiev. (Ministry of Statistics for the Ukrainian SSR. National Economy of the Ukrainian SSR in 19: -458- Annex BBE,2EHIME ClICTeMMa CTaTICTUK1 6blBwero CCCP 6bira npenHa3HaLeHa gns c6opa nOKa3aTenef4 onpelenFiBwI.x BbilnonHeHme nnaHa. OTcne)K4BaHme 3KOHOMHmeCKHX H CoUHanbHbIX H3MeHeHmA 6binO BTopoCTeneHHbIM. npw nepexoge K PblHOIHOA 3KOHOMHKe CTpaHbi OJMIKHbI nepeCTpOl4T6 CBOU CTaTCTHmIeCK4e CMCTeMb6, KOTOpb6e MOrnJ 661 "3MepFlTb HOBble 3KOHOMIIeCKHe cpeHoMeHbl. C03,IaHme u BHeCJpeHHe TaKOA CUCTeMbi 3aHHMaeT onpepenereoe BpeMFi. B 3TOi CBF13M, JIBa BiUna nOKa3aTeneA - CTap6ie H HoBble, KOTOpbie, C nepBorO B3rfnFija M3MepFI0T OJ1HH H Te Ke nOKa3aTent4, BKnio4eHbI B 3TOT C6OpH"K. OjHUM 13 npMmepOB 3TOMy CnyI)KT npercTaBneHme noKa3aTeneA Hat4MOHanbHoro noxoga u BanoBoro BHyTpeHHero npofYKTa, o6a KOTOpbIX H3MepR5IT 3KOHOML4eCKMA pOCT. lnnS 6onee noiqpo6Horo 43no)KeHt4Fi npo6neM npl nepeCTpOAKe CTaTHCTH'IeCKOf CHCTeMbi B 6blBWeM CCCP m Qpyrwx cTpaHax C MCTOpHMeCKM cnO)KBWBeAcsi nnaHOBOA 3KOHOMHKOA, HUTaTenio npeAinaraeTCfl o6paTHTCSI K 'aCTm nepBoA H3MKiaHM - Historically Planned Economies: A Guide to the Data (Marer and others, 1992). B OTnJ1WM OT pblHOHHbIX 3KOHOMMK, rge MaKpO3KoHOMH4eCKHe noKa3aTenm pa3pa6aTbIBaIoTcF no CWCTeMe HaLtIIOHanbHbIX C4eTOB no MeTOJIIKe pa3pa6oTaHHor OOH, CTaTUCTUHeCKHe CI.CTeMbi CTpaH C MCTOpMHeCKM CnO)K4Bwer4cFi CHCTeMOA LteHTpanbHorO nnaHt4pOBaHHf 6binf H npoJIon)KaIoT pa6OTaTb no npl4HLAInaM pa3pa6oTaHHbIM jqnsI o6cnyXUBaHwMl CMCTeMbI LeHTpanbHoro nnaHHpoBaHL4f1, B OCHOBHOM OXBaTbiBa5l TaK Ha3bIBaeMpIo cc)epy MaTepIanbHoro npoH3BoJqcTBa. SonbWi4HcTBo ycnyr, a TaK )e d)pHaHCoBasi ccpepa He 6bl11. OXBa4eHbl CHCTeMO1 MaKpO y4eTa. B pe3ynbTaTe Bce HaLuwOHanb6H6e CTaTHCTM4eCKHe cny>K6bi npeLCTaBnFn&4 MHcpopMaLtlWO Ha 6a3e cHCTeMbI 6anaHca HapomHoro xo30RCTBa U TonbKO ceA4ac Ha4anJ pac'4tTbIBaTb nOKa3aTenf no CwCTeme Ha5LHOHanbHblX C4eTOB. 3Tm nepBbie nOnblTKH npeqCTaBJleHbi B c6opHHKe HapRpy c pac4eTa BBn npO43BeaeHHbIMM COTpyJlHUKaMM 5aHKa. CnpaBOLHMK COCTOHT U3 LBYX qacTerl. nepBaI BK1nIO4aeT cpaBHuTenbH6ie Ta6nt4Lkbi rne HctopMaauHsi no BceM CTpaHaM permoHa crpynnwpoBaHa no npe,nMeTHoMy npM3HaKy. Bo BTOpOR L4aCTw npejcTaBneHbi OCHOBHbie CTaTHCTI1'ieCKIe noKa3aTenl no Ka)KJOL4 CTpaHe. LHCoopMaLwI5 B CpaBHHTenbHbIX Ta6n1m1ax OpteHTHPOBaHa Ha Me)KCTpaHOBOe COnOCTaBneHHe OCHOBHbIX CTaTHCTHLIecKIIx noKa3aTeneA. noMHMo cBorHoro pa3jjena MHcHopMaBLAH crpynnwpoBaHHa no nFlTH OCHOBHbIM pa3MenaM: nIoKJCKHe pecypCbl, npo43BorlcTBo, BHYTpeHHee noTpe6neHle, 6o:el'eTHbie U neHe8Hbie C4eTa H BHeWHM151 ToproBnsl. OTnenbHO paccMoTpeHo nono)KeHme 6blBwero CCCP B o6nacTm nnaTexKHoro 6anaHca M BHewHero j1onra. MHcpOpMaLAHS B CTpaHOBbIX Ta6nHmLax crpynwpoBaHa no CTpaHOBOMy np43HaKy. Bce nRTHaqLA4aTb CTpaHOBbIX pa3AneJOB BKJniOLaIOT B ce6FI TOT we caMbIA Ha6op Ta6nMLA, nogpa3JleneHHblX Ha BoceMb OCHOBHbIX 4acTert. B nepsoh 4aCTm npejicTaBneHa uHCpopMaLQH4l o HaceneHmm, 3aHSITbIX H TpygOBbIX pecypcax, BKJ1IO4aFI TOnbKO 3apownaloutAcH 4acTHbIr ceKTOp. Pa3Jnen ABa BKnIO4aeT HaLt4OHanbHbie C4eTa npeACTaBneHHbie B ABYX cMcTemax - -460- ,10 HaLLMoHanbHOMy JIOXoJy 4 no BanOBOMy BHytpeHHemy npoJyKTy. B pa3ilene Tp1 npejcCTaBneHa oTpacneBas CTPYKTypa BHeLUHer TOprOBnI4 B JByX KnaccMcpLKaLmsilx: no C1TeMe npfHITOA B C3B-e m no MeB yHapogHo4 Topr0BO1 Knacc4cp4Kai$1w - SITC. B pa3jienax c 4eTBepToro no BOCbMOrl npejICTaBneHa MHcpopMaLus no cP1HaHcaM, BKnlO4asi nOKa3aTerim nepeqa14 cpeACTB B M 13 C0o03Horo 6ioJ:pKeTa, no CTaTICTWKe JeHer, OTpacneBasl 1HcpopMaL,L4s5 no nlpOMbIlwJneHHOCTH m CenbCKOMY X035I1CTBy, a TaKwe jqaHHbie no LueHaM t4 3apa6oTHoA nnaTe. B c6opHk4Ke TaK>Ke nomeLLeHbI KpaTK1e MeTO144eCKme no5icHeH14I, r,qe paCCMOTpeHbI OCHOBHbie onpeneneH14I 1 MeToJ,onormFi. OCHOBHbIMM 14CTO'4H4KaMm tni HacTosiLLtero c6opHMKa nocny)Kmnm CTaHJapTHbie COBeTCK1e CTaTMCTM4eCKme c6opHMKM, OTMe4eHHbie B cnwCKe MITepaTypbl, MHC$OpMas45 nnOyeHHaR HenOCpe8CTBeHHO U3 CTaTMCTM4eCKMX opraHOB CTpaH BO BpeMi MmCCmcc COTPy,IHMKOB EaHKa, a TaK wKe paCieTbl COTPYQH14KOB BaHKa. B HeKOTOpbIX cny4asx, pac4eTbi npoBeeeHHbie aipyrwmm 3KcnepTaMm, 6bin- mcnonb3OBaHbl. B npownom 6blBUMJ CCCP U Ka)KAasi CTpaHa ny6nMKoBana OCHOBHOl CTaTt4CTA4eCKKA c6opHMK HapoJHoe X03Rr4CTBO B 19. Bionee TorO B KoHLAe BOCbMmqecSiTbIX U Ha4ane TeBF[HOCTbIX rorloB, jAo pacnaxia CCCP B 1991 rony, FOCKOMCTaT CCCP ny6nMKoBan CTaTMCTI4eCKme C6opHWKm no nperlMeTaM (Ha npflMep no npoMbIlwneHHoCTM, no CenbCKOMY X035 ACTBy, X TpyJay) OTKyJa t4HcpopMaLt4HF TaK we 6bmna nox4epnHyTa. flpw nona4e npOCb6bl 0 npfH5IT14 fneHaMm B MwPOBO1 BaHK (i MBOI), Ka)Kna9 CTpaHa 6blBwero CCCP 6bina o6Fl3aHa npeJ4CTaBMTb onpegeneHHbie 3KOHOML44eCKme m CoU.4anbHble noKa3aTenm. 3TOT c6opHwK COCTaBneH no aaHHbiM npeJCTaBneHHbIM B Ta6nt4LJaX COnyTCBYIOLLk4X OKOHOMM4eCK14M MeMOPaHqyMaM CTpaHbI, C gO6aBneHM AemaHHbIX 143 iApyrmx 14CT04H1KOB LMmeBw1XCFi B paCnopsDKBeH414 COTpyQH1IKOB BaHKa. He 6bino npef npl HFITO ,lonblITKm aHanJ34poBaTb Ka4eCTBO 1HcpopMaL4mm Jn1 npe6CTasBTb anbTepHaT1BHble paC4eTbl. 3To nepBaa nOnbITKa npeJinp1HSFTaFl COTPYAH14KaMm BaHKa npeACTaBl4Tb MHCpopmaL010 0 nFlTHaLA4aTM 3KOHOMMKax 6blBwero CCCP B O:tHOM c6opHMKe. B 6yqyu.LeM npennonaraeTcFI OXBaT 1HcpOpMaL141 paCW14pTb M 143JqaBaTb CnpaBOHMK e)eroXlHo. -46 1- CpaBHwTenbHbie Ta6nmLAbi 1. OCHOBHbie nOKa3aTenm HaceneHme (ceperwHa 1990) TeppWTopWR 1990 BHn Ha gyuy HaceneH"S (py6ner) POCT BHn Ha nYWY HaceneHMw 1985-90 1991 CpenqHeroxioBoA YPOBeHb I4H4f1UL4I 1985-90 1991 OKw,naeMasi npOflOn4UKTenbHOCTb )KU3HU npu po)KJNeHIU (1991) JlIOJICKwe pecypcbl 2. POCT HaCeneHl4R 14 nPOrHO3bl cpegiHerogoaoro pocTa HaceneHMSI 1985-90 1990-1995 1995-2000 HaceneHme 1990 2000 2010 Bo3pacTHasi CTpyKTypa HaceneHIS (npoL&eHTOB) 0-14 neT .1990 2010 15-64 roja 1990 2010 3. 06u.we nemorpaomMeCKme Koe44lLILeHTbl 14 o6mme Koecf4Mu4eHTbl powKJaeMOCT14 PoKaaeMOCTb (Ha 1000 'enoBeK HaCeneHIM) 1985 1990 CMepTHOCTb (Ha 1000 HenOBeK HaCeneHi4fl) 1985 1990 -462- epTMfnbHOCTb 1985 1990 MnaJneHqecKas CMepTHOCTb 1985 1990 OQmnaeMas npO0On)KLTenbHOCTb )K13Hm nPU PO)K9eHWA 1985 1990 flporHo3HpyeMbIA ro,q npocToro BocnpOM3BOqCTBaH aceneHMSI npOM3BOJlCTBO 4. POCT npOI43BOflCTBa BanOBbili BHyTpeHH"I4 npOJyKT 1985-90 1991 CenbCKoe XO3FrCTBO 1985-90 1991 npOMblwlneHHOCTb 1985-90 1991 B TOM I,Cne, CTPO14TenbCTBO 1985-90 1991 TpaHcnOPT 14 CBHS3b 1985-90 1991 MaTepUanbHble ycnyrU 1985-90 1991 HeMaTepmanbHble ycnyrm 1985-90 1991 5. POCT npoi43BeJeHHoro HaWlOHanbHoro ,ioxop,a npO43BefleHHbIA HaLWOHanbHbIl npOIYKT 1985-90 1991 CenbcKoe XO3Rr4CTBO 1985-90 1991 npOMblwneHHOCTb -463- 1985-90 1991 CTpowTenbcTBo 1985-90 1991 npo4me 1985-90 1991 6. CpyKTypa npoM3BOJCTBa BBn (Mu4nnuoHoB py6ner) 1985 1991 B TOM 4icne (B npOLLeHTax): CenbCKoe X03FSlCTBO 1985 1991 npoMblwlneHHOCTb 1985 1991 B TOM qicne, CTpOL4Ten6CTBO 1985 1991 TpaHcnopT 1 CBF13b 1985 1991 MaTepwanbHble ycnyrm 1985 1991 HeMaTepmanbHble ycnyrM 1985 1991 7. CTpyKTypa npoW3Be qeHHorO HaL4HOHanbHoro gqoxoga npoM3BegeHHbIA HaBLMOHanbHbil npOJyKT (Mnnl4oHoB py6neA) 1985 1991 B TOM 4t4cne (B npOUeHTax): CenbCKoe XO3FIrlCTBO 1985 1991 npOMbl6wneHHOCTb 1985 1991 -464- CTpOwTenbCTBO 1985 1991 TpaHcnopT U CB513b 1985 1991 npoLme. 1985 1991 8. CenbcKoe X035IIlCTBO U npOJOBOnlbCTBie l6aBneHHas CTOU4MOCTb B CenbCKOM X03SI1CTBe (Mi4lnlnOHOB py6ner) 1985 1991 3epHo (MtMnntMoHoB MeTpmHeCKMX TOHH) 1985 1988 1989 fpwMeHUe ygo6peHmri npu BbipauIWBaHi*1 OCHOBHbIX KynbTyp 3epHOBbie 1985 1988 KyKypy3a 1985 1988 XnonoK 1985 1988 CaxapHaw CBseKna 1985 1988 KapTocoenb 1985 1988 CenbCKOX03slCTBeHHas npOqyKL&Mg Ha gqywy HaceneHliFi MsIc6 1980 1985 1990 MonoKo 1 MOnOWHbie npOIyKTbI 1980 1985 1990 MALua (UTyK) -465- 1980 1985 1990 Pbi6a 1980 1985 1990 Caxap 1980 1985 1990 PacTwTenbHoe Macno 1980 1985 1990 KapTocpenb 1980 1985 1990 OBoLLkw 1980 1985 1990 Xne6 1980 1985 1990 9. 3HepreTrKa Cpe,qHeroROBOR pOCT npOM3BOACTBa 3Heprmm 1985-90 1991 iMnOpT 3Heprill KaK npofLeHT OT 3KCnlOpTa TOBapOB (BO Me)Kpecny6nhKaHcKoA ToproBne) 1990 IMnOpT 3HeprMM KaK nlpOLeHT OT 3KCnOpTa TOBapOB (BO BHeWHHe ToprOBne) 1990 BHyTpeHHee noTpe6neHme 10. POCT nOTpe6JleHMFI U WHBeCTHIWHr noTpe6neHme npaBlTenbCTBa -466- 1985-90 1991 MHJKBmgyanbHOe (nM4Hoe) noTpe6neHle 1985-90 1991 BanOBble BHYTpeHHt4e WHBeCTMLMM 1985-90 1991 11. CTpyKTypa cnpoca PacnpegleneHme BBn noTpe6neHwe npaBITenbCTBa 1985 1991 WHgwBU gyanbHoe (nM4Hoe) noTpe6neHme 1985 1991 BanOBbIe BHyTpeHHUe IHBeCTLU1L.M 1985 1991 BanoBble BHYTpeHHt4e c6epeeHmsi 1985 1-991 3KcnopT TOBapOB 1 HeCpaKTOpH6IX (Henpow3Bor3cTBeHHbIx) ycnyr 1985 1991 BanaHc pecypcoB 1985 1991 12. CTpyKTypa npOM3BeJ1eHHOro HaLQlOHanbHoro aoxoxqa PacnpeIneneHme npoI3BefleHHoro HaUL1OHanbHoro Joxona MHJQMBmr4yanbHoe (nOqHoe) noTpe6neHwe 1985 1991 06LLtecTBeHHoe noTpe6neHIe 1985 1991 AKKyMynwpoBaHMe MHBeCTIMILU4r (HeTTo) 1985 1991 nOTepm 1985 -467- 1991 L4CTbI 3KCnOpT 1985 1991 6IogtKeTHbie U MeHe)KHbie c'eTa 13. 06Mu.e rocygapCTBeHHbie paCXOnbl npoLueHTHoe pacnpeneneHme pacxoJgoB AJIMWHMCTpaLUAm 1990 1991 06opoHa 1990 1991 Cy6ctjnmm 1990 1991 HapORHoe X035HACTBO 1990 1991 06cnyKi4BaHme HytpeHHero rtonra 1990 1991 Pacxorlbl Ha COLWlanbHO-KynbTypHble MepOnpHSITHIS 1990 1991 npo'ime pacxonbi 1990 1991 3aTpaTbl Ha KanfTanbHbie Bno)KeHMFI 1990 1991 nepe.i4cneHMR B o6AecoIO3HbIA 6ioaweT 1990 1991 PacXoXbl Bcero (BKnio'avi nepeq4cneHI4*I B o6ueCo0I3HbIA 6ionJeT) KaK npofLeHT. BHn 1990 1991 W3nMWKm/fleC4PMLsT KaK npofLeHT BHn 1990 1991 -468- 14. O6ue rocygapcTBeHHble 9OXOJbl npoLteHTHoe pacnpeneneHme JOXOJOB flOXOjIbl OT Hanoroo6lo)KeHM5I Hanor Ha npm6bilb 1990 1991 nomoXORHbrl Hanor 1990 1991 Hanor c o6opoTa 1 aKLIM3b1 1990 1991 Hanor Ha qo6aBneHHybo CTOMMOCTb 1990 1991 TaMoweHHbie nnaTe)KH 1990 1991 OTHwCneHMSI B cXOHI CoLtlaMlHoro CTpaXOBaHI1R 1990 1991 nlpowme Hanorw 1990 1991 npoLwe nOXOgbl 1990 1991 Be3Bo3Me3AHble CCyJbi 1990 1991 nepeqmcneHMS] M3 o61ueCol03Horo 6toaweTa 1990 1991 flOXOgbl BCerO, BKnTiOas1 6e3BO3Me3JHble CCyQbl H nepeL4cn1eH[43 U3 o6uecolO3Horo 6ioavKeTa B npofLeHTaX K BHr 1990 1991 15. CTaTICTMKa jqeHer tleHeKHble aKTLBbI B WIpOKOM CMbiCFie Cpep,HerojIOBOA HOMWHanbHbIIl POCT 1990 1991 065]3aTenIbCTBa KaK npoL4eHT OT BBn -469- 1990 1991 CpeIIHeroJIoBoA YPOBeHb UHconsThirti 1985-90 1991 CTPYKTypa aeHe)KHbIX aKTLBOB VHOCTpaHHbie aKTWBbI (HeTTO) 1990 1991 BHyTpeHHme aKTMBbI (HeTTO) 1990 1991 KpenwT6il npaBMTenbCTBY (HeTTO) 1990 1991 KpejU.Tbi rocygapCTBeHHbml npejnpuI.TSM 1990 1991 KpeflMTb6 KOonepaTUBaM 1990 1991 KpeAMTbl ,qOMaaWHM X03F1rlCTBaM U nPO4. 4aCTHOMy CeKTOPY 1990 1991 npO4e CTaTbM (HeTTO) 1990 1991 BHeWHSISI ToproBnsi 16. rpynnrpoBKa TOBapHoro IMnopTa no KOHe4HOMy noTpe6neHmio npoJQyKTbinMTaHMS 1990 npo'ie noTpe6MTenbcKme TOBapbl 1990 He4Tb, HeCoTenpoJyKTbI, cMa3blBamowIe MaTepmanbl w pyrai 3HepreTHKa 1990 nlpoMeKyTO0Hbie TOBapbl, nepBW4Hbie 1 990 npoMe)KyTO4Hbie ToBapbI, npOMbiwlneHHbie 1990 -470- TOBapbl npOM3BOICTBeHHOrO Ha3HaHeHUfl (cpeACTBa npoi43BOJCTBa) 1990 17. rpynnt4poBKa TOBapHorO 3KcnopTa no KOHe4HOMy noTpe6neHMIO npO;yKTbi nUTaHHR 1990 npoWue noTpe6tlTenbcKme TOBapbl 1990 He8CTb, HeCpTenpOjqyKTbl, cMa3bIBaiouwme MaTepmanbi 1 japyraFi 3HepreTMKa 1990 npoMe)KyTO4Hbie TOBapbl, nepBM4Hbie 1990 npoMe>KyTO0Hbie TOBapbl, npOMblWneHHbel 1990 TOBapbl nPO43BOJCTBeHHOrO Ha3Ha4eHMR (cpeACTBa npOt43BOJCTBa) 1990 -47 1- MewrqyHapOJIHbie TpaH3aKL4tM 1. BanaHc nnaTe)Kerl B KOHBepTtpyem0r BanaOTe TeKywme cLeTa (3a IICKnioLieHLmeM 3onoTa) TeKyuL.e cqeTa (BKnio'4aF 3onoTo) ToprOBblo 6anaHc 3KcnopT WMnOpT BanaHc ycnyr TpaHcnopT 14 CTpaXOBaHme TYPH3M npoLteHT (HeTTO) (npoL.eHT (6pyTTo)) npoqee 3KcnopT 3onOTa (3a MCKnJoIHoMeM 3OnOToro o6MeHa) Kant4TanbHble cqeTa TpaHCCpepTbl CpenHe- m fonrocpo4Hbie np5iMbie UHOCTpaHHbie L.HBeCTLIU4M nonyLeHHble 3aAMbl (HeTTO) nonyLieHHbie CYMMbl noraweHwe jqonra fleHbrm flOJ1y4eHHbie B CLeT noraweHW goJlnrOB npoqee ToprOBble KpegWTbt OwI.m6KM 1 ynyweHMI. BanaHc cI1HaHCLpOBaHme IHOCTpaHHbie aKTIBbl (HeTTO) BanOBble pe3epBbi BHeW3KOHOM 6aHKa KpaTKOCpO0Hbie o6R3aTenbCTBa npowe KOMMepIeCKUe 6aHKLI 3a,on>KeHHOCTw OTcpoqKa ,ionra -472- 2. HenoraweHHas WHOCTpaHHWa 3aono)KeHHOCTb 6blBwero COBeTCKoro Com3a (Mmnnmap,.oB AonnapoB CWA) CpeJIHe- m nOnroCpO4HbIi gonr, Bcero B TOM '4cne: HeueneBble 3ar4Mbl 06nwraLAmw U.eneBbie 3ar4Mbl KpegtlTbi nOCTaBLLHKa B TOM %mcne: rapaHTHpOBaHHbie BHeW3KOHOM BaHKOM He rapaHTt4pOBaHHbie BHeW3KOHOM BaHKOM npo'.e nonrm rapaHTl4pOBaHHbie BHeW3KOHOM 6aHKOM He rapaHTpoBaHHblr nqonr KpaTKOCpO0H61A nonr B TOM 4*cne: HeLueneBble 3artMbl B TOM 4Lcne: KoppecnOHjleHTCK4e 6aHKOBCKi4e C4eTa CLIeTa cOBMeCTHbIx npenlpHSITHA, nlOCOnbCTB, 1 T-.A KpaTKOCpO0Hble TOprOBbie KpeJXITbI BaHKoBcKwe qeno3MTbi m NIF 3OnOTOA o6MeH ULeneBble 3ar4Mbl MMnOpT (nnaTexHbie o6Sl3aTenbCTBa) 8 TOM 4iicne: OTHOCFtecsI K LteHTpaJ143OBaHHbIM CPOHraaM, CpO4Hbie OTHOCslim,H8C5 K He8LeHTpanJ¶3oBaHHbIM CPOHqaM, CpO4Hbie OTHOCSiJLLWeeC9 K KpeJATaM nOCTaBLLMKa, lnOBpeMeHHbie OTHOCFiLL.HeC1 K cpegHecpO4HblM KpeJTaM, nlOBpeMeHHbie TpeTbVI CTpaHbI (nnaTe)KHbie o6Fl3aTenbcTBa) flpoCpo0eHHble nnaTe)Km no LMnopTy 3aperTCTp4nOBeHHbie BO BHeW3KOHOM BaHKe flpoCpo0eHHble nnaTe)Km no cppaxTam £lonrm no 3arama O6&uLH uTor -473- Ta6nui4a 1.1. 06LLasi tMcneHHOCTb HaceneHM41 A 3aHSITOCTb no c)opMaM co6CTBeHHOCTM (TbIC^H 4enOBeK) Bcero HaceneHwe (cepenwHa rona) rOpOACKoe CenbcKoe Bcero 3aHSITO (cpejHeroJoBasi LicneHHocTb) B MaTepIanbHOM npOI3BOflCTBe flpOMblllneHOCTb CTpOWTenbCTBO CenbcKoe X03$4CTBO flecHoe X03FIOCTBO TpaHcnopT CBS13b ToproBnsl 4 npo4t4e BJAbt MaTep8anbHbIX ycnyr HenpoM3Bor,cTBeHHasi ccqepa A&nALUHo-KoMMyHanbHoe X03FIACTBO, HenpoH3BOgCTBeHHbie BAWb 6bIToBoro o6CnyK*MBaHMi. HaceneHM"S (MyHmLt4nanbHbie ycnyrw) HayKa A Hay4Hoe o6cnyK"4BaHme (HayKa, L4ccnerCoBaHMI. 1 TexHmLeCKM1 nporpecc) HapoJAHoe o6pa3oBaHme KynbTypa 4 MCKyCCTBO 3iipaBooxpaHeHme v coL%manbHoe o6ecne4eHme BaHKOBCKI4e, 4rnHaHCOBbie 1 KpeLMTHbie opraHM3aLm41 AnnapaT opraHos rocyiapcT3eHHoro ynpaBneHt4F npoqwe B4JIbl HenpOM3BOaCTBeHHbIX ycnyr -474- Ta6n4Lta 1.2. Bo3paCTHai CTpyKTypa HaCenleHMS1, 1985-2030 (TbtCFr. LienoBeK) Bo3paCTHbie rpynnbi Bcero MY)K4AH M )KeHWL.IH My)KHWHbl 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75 u CTapwe Bcero )KeHLu&Hbl 0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75 U CTapWe Bcero Koec4pnLji.eHT 3aBHcHMOcTL4 Hacenews; (oTmoweHue HaceneHI.4I B HeTpyi:ocnoco6HOM BO3paCTe (0-15 neT -475- A cTapwe 65 neT) K HaCeneHM10 B TpyJocnoco6HoM Bo3paCTe (15-65 neT)) PoxKAaeMOCTb CMepTHOCTb ECTeCTBeHHbIl npUpOCT HaceneHui YpOBeHb MIrpaLWul (HeTTO) TeMnbi pocTa HaceneHu*n 06Las cpepTunbHOCTb BocnpOM3BOACTBO HaceneHIsi (HeTTO) OKxwiaeMasf npoJonJ)lKtTenbHOCTb 143Hm npM po)KneHmm Oxwn4aeMasi npogonl)KtTenbHOCTb )KL3H4 B Bo3paCTe 15 neT MnageH4ecKas cMepTHOCTb (Ha 1000 pOAMMBUWCHx) YpOBeHb CMepTHOCTVI geTeA B B03paCTe go 5 neT -476- Ta6nuu,a 1.3. 3aHsTocTb no cXopmam Co6CTBeHHOCTM (TbIC^I 4enoBeK) Tpy,xoBbie pecypcbi scero 3aHSITbie Bcero M3 HUX: B TpyJocnoco6HoM Bo3paCTe ,qo 16 neT CTapwe TpyAocnoco6HorO Bo3paCTa B rocygapCTBeHHOM ceKTOpe B KoonepaT4BHOM ceKTope U3 HMX: npoMblwneHHOCTb U CTp01TenbCTBO CenlbCKoe X03FIIrCTBO Konxo3bi npO4Iwe B 4aCTHOM ceKTope WHAmBU4JyanbHaSI TpyJOBaq qeFiTenbHOCTb ,QoMaWHee X03RICTBO -477- Ta6nu4L%a 1.4. 3aHsTocTb no CeKTOpaM B npOLLeHTaX K o6uier 3aHAToCTH Bcero 3aHSITO (TbIC^H) B MaTept4anbHoM npOLI3BOJCTBe npoMbtluneHOCTb CTpowTenbcTBo CenbcKoe X03FIACTBO flecHoe X03SiACTBO TpaHcnopT CBR3b ToproBns u npo'Le BLIfbl fleSiTenbHOCTL MaTepmanbHoro npOM3BOJCTBa Henpo43BoxqcTBeHHav ccpepa ?KInMLLUHO-KOMMyHanbHoe X03FIl>CTBO, HenpOM3BOACTBeHH6ie BULbi 6blTOBoro oC6ny)KMBaHt4I5 HaceneHI4si (MyHwI.twnan6Hbie ycnyrw) HayKa M Hay4Hoe o6cnyKi4BaHme (HayKa, mccnenomBsHi A TeXHLmeCKLA nporpecc) HaponHoe o6paMoBaHwe KynbTypa M MCKyCCTBO 3npaBooxpaHeHt4e M coLi4anbHoe o6ecne4eHme BaHKOBCKIe, Cp1HaHCOBbie L Kpe.J14THbie opraHM3aLeui4 AnnapaT opraHoB rocyAapcTBeHHoro ynpaBneH"I1 flpoHme BUAbl HenpOLI3BOJCTBeHHbIX ycnyr -478- Ta6nHUa 2.1. BanOBbIR BHyTpeHH4I nlpOgyKT (BBnl) B TeKYLLtwx LAeHax (MMnMMOHOB py6neA) no OTpaCnsOM HaporHoro X035ILCTBa: CenbcKoe X0351ACTBO 4L4CTas jio6aBneHHas CTOI1MOCTb AMopTM3aLu4Fi npoMbllwneHHOCTb 4I4CTasi no6aBneHHas CTOMMOCTb AMOpTm3aI4si CTpoHTenbcTBo 4MCTafl qo6aBneHHaR CTOMMOCTb AMopTm3aLtmfi TpaHcnopT U CBI3b 4McTasi Jo6aBneHHasi CTOLIMOCTb AMopTm3aIt4fi fpo4Me BCi.b1 reaTenbHOCTI MaTepHanbbHOh ccXepbi 414cTas cio6aBneHHa5 CTOMMOCTb AMopTm3aLtt4 HeMaTepManbHaR ccbepa I4CTa5i no6aBneHHa,i CTOMMOCTb AMOpTm3a2LAms BanOBblr BHYTpeHHt4A npOJyKT 4ICTa5i qo6aBneHHasv CTOUMOCTb AMopTw3aw4si nO KaTeropuIM 3aTpaT noTpe6neHme flw*Hoe noTpe6neHIe PacXonbl Ha noTpe6neHme rocynapCTBeHHblX y'ipe)KJIeHMCI BanoBble BHyTpeHHUe MHBeCTILU4L BanoBble KanflTanbHbie Bno)KeHI49 W3MeHeHme B 3anacax BanaHc pecypcos (HeTTO) (B nlpOLeHTaX OT BanOBorO BHYTpeHHero nlpOryKTa) -479- Ta6nmua 2.2. BanoBbIA BHYTpeHHLA npogyKT (BBnl) B nlOCTOSHHbIX LteHax 19_ rona (MJtnnuoHoB py6neA) no OTpaCnFiM HapOJHOrO X03FIACTBa: CenbcKoe X035AACTBO HwcTas mo6aBneHHas CTOL4MOCTb AMopTMaa4ms npOMblwrneHHOCTb 4-IcTa5i go6aBneHHaFi CTOUMOCTb AMopTM3aLms CTpOMTeJ1bCTBO 4wcTasF no6aBneHHa,i CTOMMOCTb AMopTM3aLAU1R TpaHcnopT A CBSl3b LHcCTasi Jo6aBneHHai CTOIIMOCTb AMOpT3a4Lts npoHime BMHbl ileaTenbHOCTM MaTepWanbHOA ccpepbl '4cTaFi go6aBneHHasi CTOMMOCTb AMopTM3aI.mi. HeMaTepmanbHaf ccpepa 4MCTas Jqo6aBneHHasl CTOMMOCTb AMopTM3aLuirn BanoBbIA BHYTpeHHi4A npOnyKT 4wcTaq no6aBneHHasl CTOMMOCTb AMopTM3aLAmR nO KaTeropwSM 3aTpaT noTpe6neHme flwqHoe noTpe6neHme Pacxoxnbi Ha noTpe6neHme rocyjapCTBeHHbIX y4pewKneHM BanOBbie BHyTpeHHi'e mHBeCTHMLW BanoBble KanflTanbHbie Bno)KeHi4F1 I/l3MeHeHi4e B 3anacax BanaHC pecypcoB (HeTTO) (TeMnbi pOCTa) -480- Ta6nmL&a 2.3. npOM3BeneHHbIA HaLMOHanbHblA AOXoj (nHf) B TeKYLL%mX LieHax (MunnuoHoB py6ner) npOM3BeaeHHblr HaLU.OHanbHbII AOXOQ nO OTpaCnJIM HapOitHoro X03FIACTBa: npOMblWneHOCTb CTpOwTenbCTBO CenbCKoe X03RACTBO fleCHoe X03FlACTBO TpaHcnOpT U4 CBF13b ToproBnsi u o6u.teCTBeHHoe nITaHi4e MaTepmanbHo-TexHM'ecKMe cHa6)KeHme npO'.e BMnbl MaTept4anbHbIX ycnyr nO KOHe4HOMy mcnonb3oBaHL410: IloTpe6neHme flM4Hoe noTpe6neHme PacXo,abl Ha noTpe6neHIe rOCyaapCTBeHHbIX y4pe)KJIeHmf1 MHBeCTULLU (HaKonneHwe) O'CHOBHbie c,OHIbl flpo4ee 414CTbir 3KCnOpT 3KcnopT HMnOpT nOTepm (B npOLteHTaX OT npOM3BeJIeHHorO HaL'IOHanbHoro roxojia) -481- Ta6nmLAa 2.4. npoA3aeeqeHHbIP7 HaLkMOHanbHblr ,ioxoX0 (nlHfl) B nOCTOIHHbIX LieHax 19 u,eHax (Mwnnl1oHoB py6neh) npOM3BegeHHblA HaLA4OHanbHblI AOXOr nO OTpacnIM HapOJHoro X039>CTBa: npoMblwneHOCTb CTpowTenbcTBo CenbCKoe X03GACTBO flecHoe X03flACTBO TpaHcnopT M CBFI3b ToproBnm "1 o6UleCTBeHHoe nt4TaHme MaTepmanbHo-TexHM4ecKme cHa6)KeH4e flpo0we BMAbi MaTepkianbHbIX ycnyr no KOHe4HOMy t4cnonb3oBaHI4O: IloTpe6neHMe flw4Hoe noTpe6neHme Pacxoru6l Ha noTpe6neHme rocynapCTBeHHbIX y4pew,qeHl4A LIHBeCTMLU4W (HaKonneHNe) OCHOBHbIe COH,qbl Ilpo4ee 4WCTbIA 3KcnopT 3KcnopT 4MfnOpT nOTepm (TeMnbi pOCTa) -482- Ta6nmLta 2.5. fle8pnMTOpbl (CKpblTblX U8eH) p,ns BBn U HMnl (19_= 100) BanoBoh BHYTpeHHt4A npOgyKT RecpnPTOpbl: CenbcKoe X035IACTBO HwCTaVi Io6asneHHai CTOUMOCTb AMopTM3aLtmi. npOMblwlneHHOCTb 4McTa9 jqo6aBneHHas CTOUMOCTb AMopTmaaums CTpOITenbCTBO HHcTasi Jlo6aBneHHas CTOMMOCTb AMopTM3aLtm TpaHcnopT H CB5I3b 4tHCTaS JIo6aBneHHasi CTOUMOCTb AMopTH3aumi fpo4Me BMpJbl JqeaTenbHOCTH MaTepfanbHOA ccpepbl HHcTasi o6aneHHasi CTOUMOCTb AMopTm3aumsi HeMaTepwanbHasF ccjepa HMCTas go6aBneHHaSi CTOMMOCTb AMopTM3aLuws BanOBWA BHYTpeHHH"A npOgyKT 4ICTafl Jio6aBneHHaFi CTOUrMOCTb AMOpTH3ami flo KaTeropMSIM 3aTpaT foTpe6neHme flMHoe noTpe6neHIe Pacxonbl Ha noTpe6neHile rocyaapCTBeHHblX y4pewj:IeHt4A BanoBbie BHYTpeHHme HHBeCTHLUIU BanoBble KanITanbHbie Bno)KeHMSI I/13MeHeHme B 3anacax (19_ = 100) npO43BeeieHHb[r4 HaLtIOHanbHbIA QOXOI fleCpnsaTOpbl: -483- nO OTpacnJM HaporHoro X035RCTBa: CenbCKoe X03?rCTBO npOMblwneHOCTb CTpOLTen bCTBO TpaHcnOpT A CB513b ToprOBni M npoqme nO KOHe4HOMY t4cnonb3oBaHI-O: noTpe6neHme Jl14Hoe noTpe6neHwe Pacxojnbl Ha noTpe6neHIe rOCylapCTBeHHbIX yqpe*jl) -485- Ta6ntu4a 2.7. 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QeHeKHble nOXOnbl pacXOJIbl HaceneHI5 flOXOrlbi no Tpyy 3apa6OTHas nnaTa OnnaTa Tpy,qa pa6oTHMKOB KOOnepaTUBOB ,lOXO,bl pa6oqmx u cny)KaULtix OT npefnpWSTMk 1 opraHM3aw4uiA KpOMe 3apa6oTHoR nnaTbl fleHeKHble JIOXOJbI OT KOnXO30B flOXOJnbl OT npona)Ki4 npOJYKTOB cenbCKoro rxo3sCTBa TpaHCCpepTHbie nnaTe>Km neHcww L noco6viX CTmneHr¶Mw nOCTynneH145 13 CP14HaHCOBOr4 CMCTeMbI npoiie noCTynneH145 nonpaBKw Bcero goXOROB nOKynKM Bcero noKynKa TOBapOB OnnaTa ycnyr 143 HWX: KBapTnnaTa 1 onnaTa KOMMyHanbHbIX ycnyr OnnaTa ycnyr CBR3M 3,apaBooxpaHeHme m jipyrme ycnyrm OnnaTa ycnyr OKa3bIBaeMbiX KoonepaTHBaMu TpaHCcpepTHbie nnaTe*i4 L c6epe*eHwI 143 H1X: Hanorm, o6fl3aTenbHbie nnaTe)Km m no6pOBonbHble B3HOCbl npwpocT 3KnaQoB, npwo6peTeHwe o6ni4raLimA roc3arma m CepT1CH,KaTOB npow4e pacxonQ6 nonpaBKM Bcero pacxojoB npeBblweH1e JOXOJqOB HaJ pacxonamL -487- Ta6nmuia 3.1. 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O6o6uLeHHbir1 rocynapcTBeHHblA 6iogpKeT B TeKYLW4X UeHax (M1nn4 OHOB py6ner) Bcero ,noXo0oB 6e3BO3Me3WHbIe CCybl U cpeRCTBa nlepeneHHbi8 e3 CoIo3Horo 6iowKeTa no B3aMMHbIM pacLeTam Be3Bo3Me3jqHbie CCyj1bl CpeJCTBa nepeneHHbie 13 C0103Horo 6ioJpKeTa no B3au4MHbIM pac4eTaM Bcero iaOXOflOB Hanorm Hanorm Ha npm6bmib norOXOAHblr4 Hanor Hanor c o6opOTa 4 mKUM3Hbie C6opbl Hanor Ha pgo6aBneHHyIo CTOUMOCTb TaMo)KeHHa5l noWlnmHa OT'4CneHMSI Ha coLt4anbHoe CTpaXOBaH1e npo'4e Hanorm lnpo.me 0oxojbl Bcero pacXojqoB BKnJO4afi cpeqCTBa nepeneHHbie B C0103HbIA 6iogvKeT no B3aWMHbIM paC8eTaM CperCTBa nepeJeHHbIe B CO103Hb6I 6iowpeT no B3at4MHbIM paC4eTaM Bcero 3aTpaT TeKyLL4e 3aTpaTbl AJIMWHMCTpaTMBHbie 3aTpaTbl O60poHa Cy6cMrimm 06cny)KMBaHme BHYTpeHHero ,qonra BHeWHWe pacXOAbl 13 HUX: o6cnyxKMBaH4e BHewHero .ionra Pacxonbl Ha cou4anbHO-KynbTypHbie MeponpU0fl THR 13 HUX: CoL4wanbHoe o6ecneWeHme npo04e pacxoj4bi KanHTanbHbie 3aTpaTbl LHBeCTWLrn4 W3nMWKm/JIe4,4LAT(-) 0HHaHCHpOBaHme LHOCTpaHHOe (HeTTO) BbinnaTbi 4HOCTpaHHbiX rocynapcTB 3aPMbl UHOCTpaHHblM rocygapCTBaM PacnpejteneHue UHOCTpaHHbIX 3aAMOB BbinnaTbl no u4HOCTpaHHbIM 3aAMaM BHyTpeHHee (HeTTo) BaHKOBCKOe -494- Ta6nmu,a 5.1. ,eHe8KHO-Kpe,qMTHoe o6cnej,osaHme (MwnnWoHoB py6neh B TeKYLULX LAeHax, Ha KOHe8L nepmojia) LHOCTpaHHbie aKTIBbI (HeTTO) 1HOCTpaHHbie aKTMBbl LHOCTpaHHbie o6sl3aTenbcTBa BHyTpeHHMr4 KperrT (HeTTO) Kpe,iMTbi npaBt.TenbCTBy (HeTTO) KpegwTbi rOCygapCTBeHHbIM npeqnpMSTMRM Kpe,qMTbl KOOnepaTmBaM Kpe,JMTbl ,qOMawHmM X03RCTBaM I npoL. 4aCTHOMY CeKTOpy npoHe CTaTbM (HeTTO) fleHbrM B WI4pOKOM CMbICne fleHbrm HanM4HOCTb B o6pameHmm TeKyLLwe cqeTa KBa3M feHbrm CpOHHble BKnaJbl C6eperaTenbHble cqeTa npo4we c4eTa CYeTa B MHOCTpaHHOA BanlOTe -495- Ta6nMua 6.1. npoM61wneHHai flnpOyKLtMFI (no oTpacnSJM) B TeKYLU4X L6eHax (M&nnHoHoB py6neA) npoMblwlneHHOCTb Bcero Tonnl4BHo-3HepreTI44ecTasi npOMblWJneHHOCTb 3neKTpo3HepreTWKa TonnMBHasi npOMbIWneHHOCTb MeTannyprHp MaWl4HOCTpoeHMe Ueennyno3Ho-6yMa)KHaR npOMblwneHHOCTb XWMM14eCKaR npOMblWneHHOCTb flecHa.1 u fepeBoo6pa6aTbIBaioLLLas npOMblWneHHOCTb npOMblwlneHHOCTb CTpOITenbHbIX MaTepuanoB flerKasi npOMblwJneHHOCTb TeKCTmnbHas npOMblWneHHOCTb WBeiHasi npOMblWneHHOCTb KO)KaHHaFi I o6yBHai npOMbiwlneHHOCTb nluLeBasi npOMbiwJneHHOCTb nlwuJeBKycoBasi npOMblwneHHOCTb MSCHaS u MFonOWHH npOMblwJneHHOCTb Pbi6Hasi npOMbiwneHHOCTb -496- Ta6an.a 6.2. npoMblIWneHHafi npOIYKL[4, (no oTpacnfIM) B noCTofIHHbIX uAeHax 19_ (MHnnwoHoS py6ner) npOMbIwneHHOCTb Bcero Tonn4BHo--HepreTm.ecTasi npOMblwlneHHOCTb 3neKTpo3HepreTmKa TOnnMBHaSi npOMblWneHHOCTb MeTannypru5 MaWwHOCTpoeHHe llennyno3o-6yMaKHas npoMbllwFneHHOCTb XMMI4LeCKasf nPOMblWneHHOCTb flecHasi u JaepeBoo6pa6aTblBaiou.tasl npOMblWJneHHOCTb npOMblwneHHOCTb CTpOUTenbHbIX MaTepuanoB nlerKaH npOMbiwJneHHOCTb TeKCTtnbHaR npOMbiwlneHHOCTb WBerHaF flnpOMblWneHHOCTb Ko)KaHHaFi U o6yBHaSi npOMbIWlneHHOCTb nfutLeBasR npOMblwneHHOCTb nllweBKycoBafi npOMblWneHHOCTb MscHasI u MOnOHHaI npOMbiWneHHOCTb Pbi6HaH npOMblWJneHHOCTb -497- Ta6nt4L%a 6.3. npOM3BOACTBO U nOTpe6neHIe oneKTPO3Heprmm (B MmlInOHHaX KtIIOBaT 4acOB npOM3BOJACTBO B TOM 4*cne: TennoBasa rMJIpo3HepreTMKa ATOMHaF1 MMnOpT B TOM 4mcne: MeKpecny6nMKaHcKwr nOCTaBKw Bcero BHyTpeHHee nOTpe6neHme B TOM '4Cne: npoMblwlneHHOCTb H CTpOUTenbCTBO CenbCKoe X03FIICTBO TpaHcnopT npoque OTpacnf noTpe6neHme HaceneHLeM nOTepw 3KcnopT B TOM 4mcne: Mewpecny6nMKaHcKMri floTpe6neHme Bcero -498- Ta6nm4ta 7.1. npOjyKL.w51 cenbcKoro XO351CTBa B TeKYW.I4X iAeHax (M4nnMoHoB py6neA) BanoBaF npOOJYKLWHI cenbcKoro X0351LCTBa nporlyKLUtSI paCTeHeEIBOrICTBa B TOM Hmcne: 3epHOBbie KapTocpenb OBOLLW OpyKTbl (6e3 BIHorpaJa) BwHorpanq Ta6aK XnonoK CaxapHas cBeKna CeMeHa MacnIqHbIX KynbTyp npOJIyKLtMw )IHBOTHOBOaCTBa B TOM Hmciie: Msco rOBqJIHHa CBHHWHa BapaHwHa 1 K03nSITMHa Msco nTHLAbI MOnOKO AiL.u.a WepCTb CenbcKoXo3RAcTBeHHbie ycnyrw MaTepHanbHble 3aTpaTbl B TOM Hmcne: Ha npoqYKLAkIlO pacTeHLweBogcTBa Ha npoqIyKLtHIO KHBOTHOBOJCTBa Ha cenbCKOXO35lACTBeHHbie ycnyrm HaL.uoHanbHbIA noXoq npOM3BeJeHHbIl B cenbCKOM XO351ACTBe B TOM '4cne: B paCTeHIeBOJICTe B Kt4BOTHOBOJqCTBe CenbcCKOXo3SACTBeHHb6e ycnyrm -499- Ta6nu4a 7.2. npOiyKLtHlR cenbcKoro XO35lACTBa B nOCTOSHHbIX ueHax 1 983 rona (MwnnMoHoB py6ner) BanoBasi npOAyKLA4U cenbcKoro X035fl4CTBa npOAyKLtMsR paCTeHi4eBOICTBa B TOM 4mcne: 3epHoBbie KapTocpenb OBOI1Lw OpyKTbI (6e3 BHorpafla) BwHorpaJA Ta6aK XnonoK CaxapHas cBeKna CeMeHa MaCnJ4HbIX KynbTyp npOJyKLtMwI )Kt4BOTHOBOACTBa B TOM L4cne: MFIco roBwn"Ha CBUHmHa BapaHtHa 14 Ko3nJITMHa Msico nTuLLbI MonoKo 5k A4a WepCTb CenbcKoXo3lcmTBeHHbie ycnyrtu MaTepmanbHble 3aTpaTbi B TOM 4mcne: Ha nlpOJyKLLIO paCTeHMeBOMCTBa Ha nfpOlyKLt4IO )Kt4BOTHOBOACTBa Ha cenbCKOX03FICTBeHHbie ycnyr- HaLtmoHanbHbIA AOXOR npOM3BeAeHHblr4 B cenbCKOM X0351ACTBe B TOM '4cne: B pacTeHieBoncTe B )KIBOTHO0O30CTBe CenbCKOXo3flCTBeHHbie ycnyrI -500- Ta6rnmuLa 7.3. 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MHfneKCbl OnlTOBbIX 1 pO3HM4HbIX ueH (19 = 100) 1985-92 OnTOBble LIeHbI npOMblwlneHHOCTb CTpowTenbcTBo CTpoWTenbHbIA MmnopT AKWiLLkHoe X03s1CTBO TOBapbi lnpOt3BORCTBeHHorO Ha3Ha4eHL45 CenbcKoe X035l>CTBO CenbCKOX03ArICTBeHHblr4 I4MnopT BHewHlHHI TopromBa 3KcnopT VMnOpT noTpe6MTenbcKme ueHbI rocyrapcTBeHHasi ti KoonepaTHBHa35 ToproBnsi nporOBOnbCTBeHHbie TOBapbl (KpoMe anKoronbHbIX HanfTKOB) AnKorOnbHble HanMTKM HenpOjOBonbCTBeHHble ToBapbl rocynapcTeeHHasI ToprOBnSl KoonepaTwBHasl ToprOBnF U.eHbi KonXo3Horo pbIHKa CBOAHb6I MHrjeKC ueH 1 991-92 - noMecfr.H6I 14HxeKC) OnTOBble LteHbl npOMblwlneHHOCTb CTpOI.TenbCTBO CTpowTenbHbIA MmnopT )KMfnILLHoe X035UrCTBO ToBapbi npOt43BOJCTBeHHOrO Ha3Ha4eHISl CenbcKoe X03RACTBO CenbCKOX03S1CTBeHHblr MmnOpT BHe8WHHRI TOprOBnsi 3KCnOpT MMnOpT noTpe6MTenbcKwe LteHbl ToBapbl H ycnyrti BaKanes -502- npo4i4e TOBapbI PeCTOpaHbl Ycnyru BaKanesi u npo04e TOBapbI -503- Ta6nmi.a 8.2. CpeJHII 3apa6oTHaFi nnaTa no OTpacnJ1M HapoQHoro XO3Fl>CTBa M OTpacnJiM npOMbiwnIeHHOCTH (B TeKyLLIX py6nix) CpeJiHsi 3apnnaTa no HaPOXIHOMY XO3SCTBY Ccpepa MaTepwanbHoro npOM3BOUCTBa npoMblwneHHOCTb 3neKTpo3HepreTHKa TonnwBHasi npOMbIWneHHOCTb MeTannyprws MaWL4HOCTpoeHwe XLMmmeCKaS npOMbiwneHHOCTb ,fepeBoo6pa6aTblBalouwas 11 6ymaKHasi npOMblwneHHOCTb npOMblWneHHOCTb CTpOt4TenbHbIX MaTepLanOB TeKCT1IJnbHaS npOMbILuneHHOCTb WBeAHaFi npOMblWneHHOCTb Ko)KaHHa5i 1 o6yBHasi npOMblWneHHOCTb MFCHaF 14 MOnOHHaF npOMblwJneHHOCTb Pbi6Ha5i npOMblwneHHOCTb npoqasi nLLLeBasi npOMblwJneHHOCTb CTpOwTenbCTBO CenbCKoe X03qACTBO TpaHcnopT CBSB3b ToproBns (pO3HmLHaq m onTOBas) npoHme BJIbl qeqTenlbHOCT11 MaTepcanbHOA c¢epbl HenpoW3BoiIcTBeHHas ccoepa )K.LLUJHO-KOMMyHan1bHOe X03FIf1CTBO, HenpOLI3BOJCTBeHHbie BL4flbi 6brToBoro o6cny)KmBaHLiR HaceneHLa (MyHmLj4nanbHble ycnyrm) HayKa tl HayLHoe o6cny)KKlBaHt4e (HayKa, i4ccneFioBaHLI" M TeXHM4eCKLil nporpecc) HaporqHoe o6pa3oBaHme KynbTypa MCKyCCTBO 3gipaBooxpaHeHwe, coLu,anbHoe o6ecne4eHwe Pl cnopT raHKOBCKLe, 44IHaHCOBbie H KpeJLTHbie opraHM3aL3LL4 AnnapaT opraHoB rocy,napcTBeHHoro ynpaBneHLI" -504- Distributors of World Bank Publications ARGENTINA EL SALVADOR JAPAN SOUTH AFRICA, BOTSWANA Carios Hirsch, SRL Fusades Eastern Book Service For single fitils Galeria Guemes Alam Dr. Manuel Enrique Araujo #3530 Hongo 3-Chome, Bunkyo-ku 113 Oxford University Press Florida 165,4th Floor-Ofc. 453/465 Edifico SISA, ler. 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