83252 v2 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Sustainable Futures: A Legacy of Reconstruction Volume 2: Project Fact Sheets Cover Photos clockwise from left to right: 1. Nearly 20,000 houses were constructed or rehabilitated under the MDF using a community-driven approach, demonstrating that community- government partnerships can achieve transparent, cost-effective and high quality results. Photo: MDF Secretariat 2. Coffee grader Fitra Cahyadi at the new coffee warehouse outside Takengon set up under the EDFF. The subproject, implemented by the International Organisation for Migration (IOM), aims to give small farmers more control over the quality, marketing and sale of their coffee. Photo: Tarmizy Harva 3. The Oyo bridge, the longest suspension bridge in Indonesia, connecting the remote villages of Lahagu and Taraha in Nias, was built under the Nias Rural Access and Capacity Building Project (RACBP), and has even become a local tourist destination. Photo: ILO projects collection Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Sustainable Futures: A Legacy of Reconstruction Volume 2: Project Fact Sheets This report was prepared by the Secretariat of the Multi Donor Fund with contributions from the Partner Agencies (UNDP, WFP, ILO and the World Bank) and the project teams. The Multi Donor Fund is led by the MDF Manager Shamima Khan, with team members: Safriza Sofyan, David Lawrence, Anita Kendrick, Akil Abduljalil, Inayat Bhagawati, Lina Lo, Eva Muchtar, Shaun Parker, and Nur Raihan Lubis. The team is supported by Inge Susilo, Friesca Erwan, Olga Lambey, and Deslly Sorongan. Feature Stories: Rosaleen Cunningham, Lesley Wright, Nur Raihan Lubis, and ILO project team. Photographers: Mosista Pambudi/Antara News Agency, Tarmizy Harva, Maha Eka Swasta, Irwansyah Putra, Akil Abduljalil, Shaun Parker, Andrew Bald, Kristin Thompson, and Abbie Trayler-Smith/Panos/Department for International Development (UK), and projects teams. Senior Editorial Support: Kate Redmond, Rosaleen Cunningham, Lesley Wright, Devi Asmarani, and Nia Sarinastiti Design & Layout: Studio Rancang Imaji Printer: PT Astana Artha Mulya Contents Volume 2 Table of Contents 4 Recovery of Communities 6 1 Community Based Settlement Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project 7 (CSRRP or Rekompak) 2 Kecamatan Development Program (KDP) 10 3 Community Recovery through the Urban Poverty Project (UPP) 13 4 Kecamatan Based Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Planning 16 Project in Nias (KRRP) 5 Reconstruction of Aceh Land and Administration System Project (RALAS) 19 Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport 22 6 Banda Aceh Flood Mitigation Project (BAFMP) 23 7 Infrastructure Reconstruction Enabling Program (IREP) 26 8 Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing Facility (IRFF) 29 9 Lamno-Calang Road Maintenance Project (LCRMP) 32 10 Sea Delivery and Logistics Programme (SDLP) 35 11 Tsunami Recovery Ports Redevelopment Programme (TRPRP) 38 12 Nias Rural Access and Capacity Building Project (RACBP) 41 • MDF Feature: Ferrying to School 44 Strengthening Governance and Capacity Building 46 13 Capacity Building for Local Resource Based Rural Roads (CBLR3) 47 14 Support for Poor and Disadvantaged Areas Project (SPADA) 50 15 Support to Strengthen the Role and Capacity of Civil Society Organizations (CSO) 53 Project Fact Sheets Sustaining the Environment 56 16 Aceh Forest and Environment Project (AFEP) 57 17 Tsunami Recovery Waste Management Programme (TRWMP) 60 Enhancing the Recovery Process 64 18 Technical Assistance (TA) to BRR and Bappenas 65 19 Making Aceh Safer Through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development (DRR-A) 68 20 Aceh Government Transformation Programme (AGTP) 72 21 Nias Islands Transition Programme (NITP) 75 Economic Development and Livelihoods 78 22 Economic Development Financing Facility (EDFF) 79 23 Nias Livelihoods and Economic Development Project (LEDP) 83 • MDF Feature: Coffee Farmers: Reaping the Benefits at Last 86 Acronyms and Abbreviations 90 8 Project Recovery of Communities Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities Fact Sheets Elementary students eager to get back to school. Reconstruction of public building facilities was deemed key Photo: to restoring the communities and enabling them to return to everyday life. Kristin Thompson Project Fact Sheet 1 9 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Community Based Settlement Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project (CSRRP or Rekompak) The Community Based Settlement Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project (CSRRP, or Rekompak)1 provided grants directly to communities to rebuild and repair houses, and rehabilitate their settlement infrastructure through a community-driven approach. The project completed its objectives and closed on April 30, 2010. Permanent housing was a key focus of the by the Government of Indonesia in other post- reconstruction effort following the 2004 disaster, disaster reconstruction contexts. which destroyed over 139,000 houses in Aceh. The MDF funded Rekompak project pioneered MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS a community-based approach to housing Through Rekompak, almost 8,000 new houses reconstruction, bringing together affected were constructed and a further 7,000 damaged communities to lead their own recovery and homes were rehabilitated. Rekompak was take ownership over the reconstruction effort. one of only a few projects to also target the The project set a high standard in housing rehabilitation of damaged homes. This proved reconstruction, in large part because of the to be a successful approach, with a 100 percent community-driven approach. The Rekompak occupancy rate by project completion. Newly approach has since become a model replicated built homes had an occupancy rate of 97 percent. Grant Amount US$85.00 million Implementation Period November 2005-April 2010 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry of Public Works Final Disbursement Amount US$84.97 million2 Many new houses dot the skyline in Lambung, Banda Aceh. With support from MDF funded Rekompak, nearly 8,000 houses were rebuilt and almost 7,000 damaged homes were repaired, allowing for the emergence of new and vibrant communities in tsunami- affected areas. Photo: Tarmizy Harva 1 Rekompak is an acronym based on the Indonesian name of the project, Proyek Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Masyarakat dan Permukiman Berbasis Komunitas. 2 The small amount of unspent residual funds remaining at project closing was returned to the MDF. 10 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities Children pose in front of their new neigborhood built with support from the MDF’s Rekompak project in Pidie Photo: Jaya District, Aceh. Tarmizy Harva Rekompak provided housing in 130 villages training and contributed to community recovery employing a community-driven approach, which by stimulating the local economy. Project funds was more cost effective than other approaches stayed in the community as raw construction for delivering housing. Communities jointly materials were purchased from local suppliers mapped and assessed the scale of damage and community members were hired as the and construction needs, and identified housing labor force. Through Rekompak, communities beneficiaries. Community Settlement Plans were introduced to earthquake resistant (CSPs), in which communities were involved in building techniques, contributing to safer and the process of planning for the reconstruction more resilient communities. of their homes and other community infrastructure, were completed in 126 villages. Rekompak promoted the role of women in A crucial disaster preparedness component was the community planning and decision making included in these plans. processes. Women’s active participation and greater input to decisions through the project The project provided block grants to rebuild led to positive changes in the design and community infrastructure in 180 villages, selection of housing and local infrastructure directly benefiting more than 79,000 people and encouraged women to play a greater role in with village roads, drainage systems, bridges, community decision-making processes. Almost and public water and sanitation facilities. The a third of Rekompak houses constructed were project also strengthened capacities of local registered in the names of women or with communities through technical management women as joint owners. The Rekompak approach is based on partnerships Based on the successful implementation of 11 between communities and government. The Rekompak in Aceh and later disasters in Java Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report project worked through government systems and Sumatra, the community-based model and channeled funds to communities through for housing and settlement reconstruction the national budget. The approach was cost- has been adopted by the Government of effective, delivering housing of the same or Indonesia as its policy for post-disaster better quality at up to 40 percent lower cost community reconstruction. than other housing projects that did not use a community-based approach. Beneficiary satisfaction rates are high. Rekompak (CSRRP) Results Results as of project closing April 2010 Achievements Destroyed houses reconstructed 7,964 Damaged houses rehabilitated 6,999 Houses registered in women’s names or as joint owners 3,816 (29%) Community Settlement Plans 126 Village roads repaired/constructed (km) 185 Irrigation and drainage repaired/constructed (km) 171 Clean water, water storage and wells (unit) 2,057 Omiyah, 60, stands in front of her new home in Lancang Village, Pidie Jaya. MDF funded Rekompak put Photo: communities in charge of the reconstruction of homes and local infrastructure, and empowered comunity Tarmizy Harva members, including women, to have a voice in decision making. 12 Project Fact Sheet 2 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities Community Recovery through the Kecamatan Development Program (KDP) The Kecamatan Development Program (KDP) provided block grants directly to villages for community-led reconstruction. Through this community-led process, KDP supported the restoration of community infrastructure in over 3,000 villages across Aceh and Nias. The project successfully completed its objectives and closed on December 31, 2009. Communities across Indonesia have been reconstruction and rehabilitation in Aceh and driving their own development under a Nias following the earthquakes and tsunami. nationwide community development program implemented by the Ministry of Home Affairs MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS launched in 1998. The Kecamatan Development Through KDP, communities across Aceh and Program (KDP), which has now transitioned Nias identified their own development priorities into the PNPM Mandiri Pedesaan program, and were given the financial, technical and strengthened the role of local government social support to turn ideas into tangible results and community groups to respond quickly that strengthen community resilience against and efficiently to localized needs. The MDF poverty and other vulnerabilities. leveraged this successful community-driven development model through the national KDP The majority of KDP funds went into block to channel funds and support community-led grants to subdistricts in tsunami-affected areas. Grant Amount US$64.70 million Implementation Period November 2005-December 31, 2009 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry of Home Affairs Final Disbursement Amount US$64.70 million A mother and her children use a makeshift bridge in Gido, Nias as a safer, more reliable bridge is under construction nearby. The Kecamatan Development Project enabled thousands of villages in Aceh and Nias to identify, budget and build key infrastructure items such as bridges. In remote areas prone to disasters such as Gido, reliable bridges will improve access in and out of more remote communities. Photo: Antara News Agency 13 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Girls in Aceh Utara district go to school in newly built School for Koran Studies as part of the MDF Kecamatan Photo: Development Project. Nearly 300 schools were constructed during this four-year project that put communities Kristin Thompson in charge of the post-tsunami reconstruction and recovery. A democratic process determined which villages level for local-level planning and management received funds and the amount to be disbursed of reconstruction and future development to each subproject. Overall, the project provided activities was one of the most important planning, training and capacity building support outcomes of the project. to over 6,000 communities in Aceh and Nias. Approximately 3,000 villages received MDF- Over 29,000 people were involved in the financed block grants. community-planning process and received training. The project was particularly successful More than 90 percent of MDF funding disbursed in empowering women to have a voice in through KDP block grants was used to build or community planning, with women accounting repair local-level infrastructure, including village for about 45 percent of all participants in roads, bridges, schools, markets, health clinics, community-planning activities. KDP also irrigation and drainage facilities, and provision contributed indirectly to community recovery of clean water. MDF funds were also used by stimulating the local economy. Project funds for social support needs such as microcredit, stayed in the community as raw materials were scholarships, and emergency relief funds for purchased from local suppliers and community families. Capacity building at the community members were hired as the labor force. Through KDP, communities across Aceh and Nias identified their own development priorities and were given the financial, technical and social support to turn ideas into tangible results. 14 KDP proved to be a cost-effective mechanism for institutions in delivering programs through its large-scale community recovery in post-disaster extensive coverage and network. The project Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities Nias and Aceh, allowing the communities to transitioned to the National Program for have a voice in identifying and planning for Community Empowerment (PNPM Mandiri) and their own recovery. It also created synergies communities in Aceh and Nias have continued to with other projects by serving as a vehicle for benefit from the community-driven development other development agencies and government approach after the reconstruction ended. KDP Results Results as of project closing December 2009 Achievements Roads repaired/constructed (km) 2,399 Bridges repaired/constructed (units) 932 Irrigation and drainage (km) 1,238 Clean water projects (units) 844 Water storage reservoirs (units) 180 Sanitation units (MCK) 778 Village-level markets 26 School buildings 292 Health clinics/posts 11 Value of scholarships (US$) 326,270 Number of recipients 6,074 Amount for loans (US$) 1,415,460 Number of recipients 7,001 Number of businesses/groups 554 Persons employed through subprojects 265,000 Workdays generated 3,500,000 Emergency relief funds (US$) 4,369,310 Teamwork and community social cohesion have improved the lives of residents in 3,000 villages in Aceh Photo: and Nias through the Kecamatan Development Project. Bulk grants provided by KDP helped communities Kristin Thompson realize development needs identified by the affected community, such as the construction of schools, markets, offices and clinics. Project Fact Sheet 3 15 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Community Recovery through The Urban Poverty Project (UPP) The Urban Poverty Project (UPP) provided block grants directly to 273 communities to rehabilitate and develop community infrastructure in municipalities in Aceh. The project successfully completed its objectives and closed in December 2009. Community participation informed all Urban process was crucial to the success of the Poverty Project (UPP) activities. The project project and strengthened the potential for promoted a bottom-up participatory planning long-lasting community-driven development. approach so that communities identified their core needs for reconstruction and the revival MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS of economic activities. Democratically-elected UPP focused on urban communities hardest hit neighborhood committees and volunteers by the earthquake and tsunami. The primary conducted damage assessments, formulated beneficiaries of the project consisted of some community development plans, and 697,600 persons living in 402 kelurahan (urban prioritized activities to be funded through the neighborhoods) in Aceh. Kelurahan residents project. The empowerment that communities, benefited both directly and indirectly from and particularly women, experienced in the social service assistance grants and improved Grant Amount US$17.96 million Implementation Period November 2005-April 2009 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry of Public Works Final Disbursement Amount US$17.45 million1 UPP restored community infrastructure in over 270 communities in municipalities in Aceh. All assets contructed under UPP, such as this urban road, were handed over to communities or local governments for continued operations and maintenance. Photo: MDF Secretariat 1 Unspent residual funds were returned to the MDF pool of funds. 16 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities Community infrastructure that was affected by the earthquake and tsunami was reconstructed or built Photo: under the Urban Poverty Project (UPP). Block grants were used to improve living conditions through Kristin Thompson small infrastructure like drainage and waste disposal sites. community infrastructure and services, and were represented in the community planning participated in planning and implementing process and in the implementation of block these activities through a community-driven grant-funded reconstruction activities. development process. Based on needs, 273 of Women who participated in this program these 402 targeted kelurahan were selected successfully went on to direct activities, to receive grants for the reconstruction and administer proposals, submit accountability rehabilitation of community infrastructure. reports and manage relationships with other stakeholders. Achievements in the reconstruction of physical infrastructure surpassed initial planned The UPP project was one of several MDF- targets in many areas. The largest share of supported community-driven development project-financed block grants for community projects that were designed to transition infrastructure was allocated to roads and into a nation-wide community development bridges, drainage, and water supply and program, PNPM Mandiri, which will further sanitation facilities. Nearly 39,000 households strengthen the long-term sustainability (about 48 percent of the population in the 273 of this valuable investment to empower kelurahan selected to receive block grants) communities. The project helped communities received social assistance grants. to prepare community spatial plans that not only helped identify infrastructure needs to The project included a significant component be constructed through UPP block grants, but for the empowerment of women. This also helped to mobilize additional funding component ensured that women’s needs from other post-tsunami recovery projects. All community-level physical assets and standard operating procedures for post- 17 constructed under UPP such as roads, bridges, project operations and maintenance which Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report schools and health facilities were handed will increase the likelihood that project over to communities or local governments. initiatives will be sustained long after The project formulated training modules project closure. UPP Results UPP Results as of project closing December 2009 Achievements Roads repaired/constructed (km) 231 Reconstruction of bridges (in meters) 1,380 Drainage (km) 176 Clean water projects (units) 4,915 Waste disposal facilities 806 Sanitation units (MCK) 405 School buildings 159 Building of town/village hall 120 Health clinics/posts 29 Number of students receiving scholarships 3,430 Value of scholarships distributed (US$) 74,043 Workdays generated 1,124,126 Social assistance funds distributed (US$) 1,218,374 Empowerment of women was a significant component to UPP, as it ensured the women’s needs were Photo: well represented, and strengthened the potential for long-lasting community-driven development. These Kristin Thompson women joined in the construction of a road in their community. 18 Project Fact Sheet 4 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities Kecamatan Based Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Planning Project in Nias (KRRP) The Kecamatan Based Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Planning Project in Nias (KRRP) provided block grants for the reconstruction of houses, schools, local government offices and other public infrastructure in Nias. The project successfully completed its objectives and closed in June 2011. As one of Indonesia’s poorest and most programs implemented in Nias such as the remote areas, Nias reconstruction and Kecamatan Development Project (KDP). By rehabilitation efforts following the 2011, KRRP had successfully contributed earthquakes and tsunami faced unique to key infrastructure construction, training challenges in capacity, infrastructure, of community and local government social services and access. As such, the actors, preservation of a unique culture, MDF funded KRRP project sought to and environmental sustainability of the strengthen the resilience of Nias people by remote island. supporting community-driven development in 126 villages. The project built on the MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS participatory planning process of other Nias is one of Indonesia’s unique cultures MDF-supported community recovery and recovery intervention required local Grant Amount US$25.75 million Implementation Period February 2007-June 2011 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry of Home Affairs Final Disbursement Amount US$20.21 million1 KRRP helped to build almost 4,500 houses in Nias following the earthquake. KRRP targeted some of the island’s most remote and hard-to-reach areas. Photo: KRRP Projects Collection 1 Unspent residual funds remaining at project closing were returned to the MDF. 19 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Village pathway in Teluk Dalam, Nias. Reconstruction of community infrastructure was fundamental in Photo: supporting the recovery of the island’s most remote and hard to reach areas. Catrini Kubontubuh solutions that respect community norms remote and hard-to-reach areas that had and values. KRRP placed a high value not received housing support. The project on the meaningful contribution of the also built 100 schools, 110 village office community in its construction and capacity buildings and supported nearly 150 basic development initiatives. community infrastructure projects including access roads, bridges, wells and drainage KRRP reconstructed almost 4,500 houses— systems. All construction met standards for about 37 percent of the total number of earthquake-prone areas. houses reconstructed in Nias. This is a significant achievement considering the Furthermore, the project strengthened project targeted some of the island’s most local curriculum and education systems to KRRP also addressed environmental concerns through its successful tree re-planting program. More than 110,000 seedlings of mahogany and other species were planted by communities as part of the project’s timber management plan for mitigating impacts of the reconstruction on the local forests. 20 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities Men and women community members in Nias built roads and paths in some of the island’s most remote Photo: areas. Under KRRP, access was improved for 126 villages in Nias in works that included the construction of KRRP Project roads, bridges, wells and drainage systems. Collection incorporate cultural heritage preservation actors, shortage of legally-sourced timber, in partnership with the Nias Museum. poor quality of infrastructure and frequent The project also addressed environmental natural hazards plaguing this island. KRRP concerns through its successful tree re- overcame some of the challenges it faced by planting program. More than 110,000 increasing its expenditures and lengthening seedlings of mahogany and other species its project duration. Specific challenges were planted by communities as part of faced by KRRP included high transportation the project’s timber management plan for costs to bring in outside material, and most mitigating impacts of the reconstruction on significantly, sourcing and retaining qualified the local forests. field facilitators, which is vital to the viability of community-driven development. The project Reconstruction in Nias had been particularly successfully navigated these challenges to difficult due to widespread poverty, lack of deliver substantial results for communities in capacity of key government and community Nias by project closure in 2011. KRRP Results Results as of project closing June 2011 Achievements Houses 4,491 Schools 100 Village office buildings 110 Basic village infrastructure (subprojects) 149 subprojects Project Fact Sheet 5 21 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Reconstruction of Aceh Land Administration System Project (RALAS) The Reconstruction of Aceh Land Administration System (RALAS) project assisted the government in the reconstruction of land property rights, development of a computerized land records management system, and reproduction of cadastral maps (maps of specific land boundaries) in post-tsunami Aceh. The project closed on June 30, 2009. RALAS was founded to support the disappeared. The National Land Agency (BPN) government in the reconstruction of property which oversees the allocation of land titles, rights and rebuilding the land administration was itself severely affected by the disaster systems in the province following the tsunami. with about 30 percent of its workforce in Aceh The impact of the tsunami on property rights killed or missing as a result of the tsunami, and and the land administration system was all its offices were destroyed. It was therefore enormous: homes and buildings were not crucial that the recovery efforts addressed only destroyed but in some places whole land tenure issues, and as a result, RALAS was parcels of land disappeared into the sea, and one of the first projects approved by the MDF landmarks and records of land ownership also Steering Committee. Grant Amount US$14.83 million Implementation Period August 2005 2005-June 2009 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency National Land Agency Final Disbursement Amount US$14.83 million1 Mukhaddis, 45, holds his new certificate for his post-tsunami home in Meuraxa, Banda Aceh. He holds one of over 222,000 titles provided under the MDF funded Reconstruction of Aceh Land Administration System Project (RALAS). Photo: Tarmizy Harva 1 Allocation to the project was revise at project closure to $14.83 million. 22 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Communities One of the main challenges government officials faced in the years immediately following the disaster Photo: was the surveying and identification of land parcels. Under RALAS, over 275,000 parcels of land were Kristin Thompson surveyed and registered, and out of these over 222,000 land titles were distributed. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS needs in the province. RALAS also supported Eighty percent of land documents, including the computerization of land records and maps, almost all cadastral maps, were lost or damaged and provided agency training to maintain this in the disaster. RALAS addressed this issue online tool aimed at improving monitoring and by contributing to restoring land rights and efficiency of the agency going forward. offering technical support to BPN. By project closure, RALAS helped to restore over 220,000 RALAS addressed concerns regarding land titles and over 300,000 land maps. In protection of property rights and provided addition, the project helped to increase public training to local facilitators (including civil awareness of legal rights related to land titling society representatives) on Community and ownership, particularly with women, Driven Adjudication (CDA). Training and who often face land ownership challenges. capacity building in CDA supported by RALAS RALAS worked closely with local government will continue to have an impact in terms of officials to develop guidelines for land government delivery of land titling services. inheritance rights. Perhaps most importantly, increased public awareness and understanding of land-titling RALAS contributed to rebuilding land procedures will impact the demand for, and administrative systems in the province through transparent delivery of these services into the its support of BPN. The project trained almost future. RALAS contributed to the prevention 500 BPN personnel in the adjudication and of large-scale land speculation and the CDA registration of land titles, which better prepares approach facilitated the resolution of land the agency to respond to ongoing land tenure disputes at the village level. The project also emphasized the protection of women’s these challenges precluded the full achievement 23 property rights through joint land titling. of the project’s targets. Nevertheless, at closing, Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report more than 220,000 land title certificates had RALAS faced enormous challenges in been distributed, of which 63,181 were issued implementation in nearly every sphere: political, in the name of women or jointly in the name of social and technical issues as well as weak women. Aceh’s land administration system has capacity in project and financial management, been significantly strengthened, and there is procurement, and other administrative now a high level of public awareness of property functions – in addition to the magnitude of the rights issues in Aceh and growing demand for issues it was designed to address. The impact of land registration and certification. RALAS Results RALAS Results as of project closing June 2009 Achievements Total number of land title certificates distributed 222,628 Total number of land parcels publicly notified 272,912 Number of government land offices reconstructed or rehabilitated 5 Number of BPN personnel trained 760 Number of civil society facilitators trained in community land mapping 700 Total number of community land maps completed 317,170 A homeowner reviews her land title in Sigli. Due to MDF funded RALAS advocacy to local officials, women Photo: in Aceh have stronger land titling rights than ever before. Kristin Thompson 24 Project Recovery of Larger Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Fact Sheets Infrastructure and Transport A builder on the Kuala Bubon bridge that forms a key part of the strategic highway along the west coast of Aceh Photo: completing the link between Aceh Jaya and Aceh Barat districts. The construction of the bridge, which ended Akil Abduljalil in December 2012, was financed through the MDF’s Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing Facility (IRFF) project as part of the MDF’s last major allocation of funding for infrastructure reconstruction. Project Fact Sheet 6 25 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Banda Aceh Flood Mitigation Project (BAFMP) The Banda Aceh Flood Mitigation Project contributed to re-establishing the functionality of the flood protection systems damaged by the tsunami. The project helped to protect the central business district of Banda Aceh against flooding caused by tides and heavy rain. BAFMP achieved its objectives and closed on December 31, 2009. Flooding from tidal incursion and heavy and drainage system in the city’s Zone 2, the rainstorms present a constant challenge for flood-prone northern part of Banda Aceh. This Banda Aceh due to its location in a coastal flood project has contributed towards making Aceh’s plain. During the tsunami, the flood gates and most densely populated urban area a more pumping stations that mitigated the effects resilient city. of flooding were destroyed. This resulted in periodic tidal flooding of low-lying areas of the MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS city, and left the newly reconstructed public and To mitigate the post-tsunami vulnerability of private assets prone to new damage. The BAFM Banda Aceh, the project was instrumental project closely coordinated with the overall in both reinforcing and building new flood drainage and flood prevention reconstruction prevention infrastructure like flood valves and plan of the municipality. BAFMP installed pumping stations. Four meters above sea level, rubber flood valves and restored the pumping the city is prone to flooding from high tides Grant Amount US$6.50 million Implementation Period May 2006–December 2009 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Muslim Aid Final Disbursement Amount US$6.27 million1 This BAFMP-built water pump house in Banda Aceh helps to control the water levels in the city and relieves the burden on smaller drains and canals. Photo: Tarmizy Harva 1 The unspent funds have been returned to the MDF. 26 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport A girl rides her bicycle past a canal in Banda Aceh. Valves installed under the MDF funded BAFMP prevent Photo: debris backlog into drainage pipes and subsequent flooding as a result. Kristin Thompson and heavy rains, and was left without defenses agencies continued to build houses, roads and following the tsunami. public buildings. In line with Banda Aceh’s long-term drainage Partial protection against storm water flooding plans, BAFMP contributed to the physical was achieved after 15 months through cleaning protection of the central business district and repairing the existing system. BAFMP against flooding. Due to the flood protection constructed 4.4 kilometers of new drains that the project offered, the former residents and repaired 13.3 kilometers of damaged of the flood-prone zone in northern Banda drains. Full protection against the storm flows Aceh could quickly and efficiently rebuild estimated in the five-year design was reached their homes. in 2009 after three new pump stations were constructed and operational. In early 2006, BAFMP installed 11 flood valves, which prevent flooding from tidal backflow Waste discarded into drains, canals and natural into the drainage systems. This pilot valve waterways clogged drains, which resulted program was successful in stopping tidal in overflowing and damage, particularly incursion within six months of startup. This during heavy rains. As a result, pilot waste initial work also provided flood protection management activities were initiated in to the ongoing reconstruction efforts in the several villages under the project to collect city as the government and international and remove household waste to municipal waste pick-up points. Motorized three-wheel The project also ensured that the municipal 27 waste collection vehicles are used in this government would have the skills and know- Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report process. To build local awareness and capacity, how to properly maintain and operate the participating communities undertook a study new infrastructure. Equipment operators tour of community waste management, participated in training programs that ensured composting and recycling projects. BAFMP the sustainability of both the physical linked up with another MDF funded project, investment and the ability of the municipal the Tsunami Recovery Waste Management government to respond to the natural Programme (TRWMP) to align objectives, conditions that present risks to the investment. eliminate a duplication of efforts and further enhance impacts. BAFMP Results Results as of project closing December 2009 Achievements Immediate flood reduction through flood valves 31 flood valves installed Drainage system reconstructed Pumping stations 3 stations Flood valves (zone two) All flood valves in Zone Two Drainage (reconstructed/ rehabilitated) 4.4km/13.3km Vehicle handed over to local Sanitary Agency 28 three-wheeled waste collection vehicles Keeping the drains clear of waste has reduced the risk of flooding in Banda Aceh. This motorized waste Photo: collection vehicle and the waste bins were supplied through the BAFMP project. Shaun Parker 28 Project Fact Sheet 7 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Infrastructure Reconstruction Enabling Program (IREP) The Infrastructure Reconstruction Enabling Program (IREP) provided technical assistance in strategic planning, designed physical infrastructure and gave infrastructure implementation support, enabling the coordinated reconstruction of infrastructure in Aceh and Nias. IREP closed in December 2011. IREP supported the government’s reconstruction for the strategic planning, design, supervision agenda by strengthening capacity for strategic and quality assurance required to realize this planning for large infrastructure reconstruction tremendous investment, and also worked to during the recovery period. Infrastructure needs strengthen the capacity of government to carry had to be planned and executed with both short- out similar duties in the longer term. term recovery and longer-term development in mind. IREP provided the collaborative umbrella MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS under which the Government of Indonesia IREP provided support to infrastructure projects and MDF’s Infrastructure Reconstruction funded by the MDF through IRFF as well as Financing Facility (IRFF) could deliver large- those financed directly by the Government of scale infrastructure projects. IREP’s support Indonesia. IREP prepared all 52 infrastructure through technical assistance teams allowed packages implemented by IRFF for the Grant Amount US$42.00 million Implementation Period September 2006-December 2011 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry of Public Works Final Disbursement Amount US$35.66 million1 Further key responsibilities of IREP were to ensure that proper safeguard measures were integrated into project preparation and implementation. This notice board in Aceh Utara, erected by an IRFF-funded project, highlights the importance of not mining sand off beaches for construction. Photo: Shaun Parker for MDF Secretariat 1 The unspent fund has been return to the MDF. 29 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report IREP supported the rehabilitation of infrastructure projects through the provision of construction designs Photo: and supervision of works. The Malahayati port pictured above is one of five ports supported through IREP Mosista Pambudi and implemented through IRFF. construction of roads, water systems, and ports. ongoing monitoring and quality control of all These packages comprised plans and detailed IRFF’s projects, which ensured consistency and designs, as well as procurement documentation, transparency across the board. This was a key which enabled smooth contracting and responsibility of the project. procurement procedures, and sound technical designs. IREP also provided technical input to Prior to the closure of the national government’s central, provincial and district governments for Agency for the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction the design and implementation of infrastructure of Aceh and Nias (BRR) in 2009, IREP developed projects funded through other sources. the Strategic Infrastructure Plan, Annual Infrastructure Investment Plans, and Annual This technical input included providing Procurement Plans for Aceh and Nias, which construction supervision, financial management, were approved by BRR. When the closing date IREP provided the collaborative umbrella under which the Government of Indonesia and MDF’s Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing Facility (IRFF) could deliver large scale infrastructure projects. 30 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Project supervision was a key component of the services provided through IREP. SMEC International Pty Photo: Ltd was the consultant firm appointed through IREP for the supervision of this provincial road project in Shaun Parker Aceh Tengah. of the BRR was approaching in 2009, IREP also of ongoing infrastructure activities for ensured that a transition strategy was developed Aceh and Nias. IREP also contributed to and in place to ensure the smooth transfer of the sustainability of the grant investments infrastructure responsibilities and oversight. through continued technical and capacity building support to government at various After the closure of the BRR, a liquidation levels. This capacity development enabled team and a Supervisory Project Management local governments to play a stronger role in Unit were formed to assist in the coordination future economic development. IREP Results Results as of project closing December 2011 Achievements Development of a sustainable and strategic long- Completed in collaboration with IREP, BRR, and term infrastructure reconstruction plan for Aceh local government; plan was utilized throughout and Nias the project Development of a monitoring framework for IREP applied the framework to guide its post-tsunami infrastructure reconstruction momentum with tangible targets Proper safeguard measures are integrated into All projects prepared by the World Bank as project preparation partner agency included safeguard frameworks and all projects implemented under IRFF adhered to the safeguards framework Project Fact Sheet 8 31 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing Facility (IRFF) The Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing Facility (IRFF) provided funds for key infrastructure reconstruction projects in Aceh and Nias identified through another MDF project, IREP. The project contributed to a strategic transportation network in Aceh and Nias in line with government priorities. IRFF closed on December 31, 2012. The IRFF project provided flexible funding for projects supported the BRR transition strategy the reconstruction of infrastructure in Aceh and and, following the closure of BRR in 2009, project Nias with an emphasis on filling gaps not covered implementation was transferred to the Ministry by other sources. The project worked in tandem of Public Works. The Government of Indonesia with the MDF’s companion Infrastructure provided co-financing of US$107.3 million for Reconstruction Enabling Program (IREP). IRFF through the BRR. Infrastructure needs at the national, provincial and district levels were identified through the MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS IREP framework and financed by IRFF. Both IRFF The Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing and IREP strongly emphasized capacity building Facility (IRFF) project was approved as a for local and provincial governments. Both flexible mechanism for funding infrastructure Grant Amount US$128.70 million Implementation Period March 2007–December 2012 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency BRR and later Ministry of Public Works Disbursement as of Sept. 30, 2012 1 US$109.99 million The Banda Aceh New Town Road, funded through IRFF, has improved transportation links in this fast- growing city of over 300,000 people, many of whom are car and motorcycle owners. Photo: Tarmizy Harva 1 The project continued implementation until December 31, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 32 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport IRFF was a flexible funding facility for the reconstruction of large infrastructure, such as this clean water Photo: supply system in Sabang. Other projects included the reconstruction of roads, drainage, coastal protection Tarmizy Harva systems, and ports. reconstruction. IRFF utilized the government’s environmental safeguards were in place. As infrastructure investment plans and the part of this, IRFF introduced the Contractor IREP strategy to identify possible projects Environmental Action Plan (CEAP), which for implementation. contractors were required to submit for each of the subprojects implemented under IRFF. IRFF The IRFF project financed a range of high strongly emphasized capacity building for local quality infrastructure reconstruction works and provincial government through targeted that include national, provincial and district support for planning, design, supervision, and roads, ports, water and sanitation projects, implementation oversight. The project put irrigation, drainage and flood control works, in place mechanisms to ensure that assets and coastal protection initiatives. IRFF were transferred to the relevant line agencies significantly contributed to the reconstruction on completion. IRFF also contributed to of a strategic transport network in Aceh and strengthened government capacity to properly Nias, overcoming many obstacles including operate and maintain the infrastructure assets difficult conditions in mountainous areas, rain created, including sufficient budgeting for and flooding, and landslides. these purposes. Environmental impact assessments and The project was implemented in two phases. associated management plans ensured that Under the first phase, IRFF completed a total of 52 subprojects, with a combined value of of the critically important Kuala Bubon bridge. 33 US$182 million. Phase 1 activities ended on This strategic portion of road between Aceh Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report December 31, 2011. The project’s second phase, Jaya and Aceh Barat districts opens access to for which additional MDF financing of US$36.7 communities along the west coast of Aceh, million was approved in 2010, funded 49 decreases travel time and provides a safer, kilometers of road construction along the west more reliable transportation link. coast of Aceh and included the reconstruction IRFF Results Value of Subprojects Results as of project closing December 2012 Achievements (in US$ millions) National roads (km) 304 63.91 Provincial roads (km) 317 63.99 District roads (km) 102 23.66 Water systems & Coastal Protection 11 30.72 Ports 5 31.90 The Kuala Bubon bridge under construction. The bridge forms a key section of the provincial road from Photo: Meulaboh to Calang, a strategic 50 kilometer stretch of road that completes the reconstruction of the heavily Akil Abduljalil damaged west coast link between Banda Aceh and North Sumatra. 34 Project Fact Sheet 9 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Lamno-Calang Road Maintenance Project The Lamno-Calang Road Maintenance Project maintained the 103 kilometer stretch of road from Lamno to Calang from November 2006 to December 2007. The objective of the project was to ensure uninterrupted overland access to tsunami-affected communities on the west coast of Aceh, thereby facilitating the reconstruction and recovery process, and promoting social and economic recovery. The project closed on December 31, 2007. Large portions of the road system, particularly coast corridor operational for a period of 13 on the west coast of Aceh, were damaged or months. Today, this corridor is serviced by a destroyed by the 2004 tsunami. The Lamno- permanent modern road provided by USAID, Calang road is the main transportation route which began works following MDF-UNDP’s for materials along Aceh’s west coast. In 2006, project closure. this stretch of road was in critical condition as overloaded trucks and lack of maintenance MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS often rendered the road impassable to traffic, Due to its critical role in keeping the crucial especially during the rainy season. This road links along Aceh’s west coast open during project provided urgently needed continuous the early recovery period, the project provided maintenance services to keep this major west a valuable and effective service during its Grant Amount US$1.46 million Implementation Period December 2006–December 2007 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency United Nations Development Programme Final Disbursement Amount US$1.46 million The repair works on the Lamno Calang road helped to reduce travel time from six to eight hours down to two to four hours between Lamno to Calang. The improved access was vital to the recovery efforts and the increased travel needs following the disaster. Photo: UNDP Collection 35 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Entire sections of the road between Lamno and Calang were badly damaged. Providing emergency Photo: transportation links was among the first priorities of the MDF in the recovery of Aceh and Nias. UNDP Collection lifespan. The maintenance work undertaken An unforeseen benefit of the project reduced the travel time between Lamno and was that the two major route diversions Calang by half, from between six to eight hours provided much better access to the to three to four hours. As a result, it is estimated coast road for some inland villages, and that traffic increased by about 50 percent with provided alternative, shorter routes for additional vehicles diverting from other roads reaching Calang. in worse condition. Early work on this corridor focused on repairing crucial sections of The use of hired equipment and day labor damaged road to speed up the reconstruction was appropriate and preferable to contracting and recovery response to the west coast. out the work given the short time frame and The maintenance work undertaken reduced the travel time between Lamno and Calang by half, from between six to eight hours to three to four hours. As a result, it is estimated that traffic increased by about 50 percent with additional vehicles diverting from other roads in worse condition. 36 uncertainty of the work required. Contracting emergency maintenance work within the village labor for manual work proved to be a limited time frame when it was needed Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport cost-effective approach and increased local underscores the importance of this project. ownership of the road maintenance activity. This project is seen as a great success and, although relatively small, a key investment The lack of government funding, expertise in filling the gap in the reconstruction and and equipment needed to undertake this recovery process. LCRMP Results Results as of project closing December 2007 Achievements Roads graveled (km) 52 Ditch excavation and lining (km) 132 Bridge decks repaired (units) 21 Bailey bridges installed (units) 4 Short-term local labor created (workdays) 3,000 Motorcyclists take advantage of in-process road improvements under the Lamno-Calang Road Photo: Maintenance Project. UNDP Collection Project Fact Sheet 10 37 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Sea Delivery And Logistics Programme (SDLP) The World Food Programme’s Sea Delivery and Logistics Programme (SDLP) addressed the urgent need for reliable transportation systems immediately following the December 2004 disaster. Between 2006 and 2007, SDLP provided a full shipping service with the primary goal of coordinating the transport and shipping of reconstruction materials. Once the commercial sector took over the shipping of goods, the project shifted focus to provide logistics support and capacity building for more effective port management and disaster risk reduction. Following the successful completion of shipping operations, WFP went on to develop a Logistics Support Unit to focus on capacity development for port officials and disaster management agencies in Aceh and Nias. These objectives were achieved and the project closed in June 2012. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS Simeulue. Access to areas which were cut In the first phase of SDLP activity, the off by the disaster were opened up for relief project provided emergency rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts, and the essential measures to selected ports in Aceh, Nias and shipping services provided by the SDLP Grant Amount US$25.03 million Implementation Period February 2006-June 2012 Partner Agency World Food Programme Implementing Agency World Food Programme Final Disbursement Amount US$25.03 million The movement of goods from ship to final destination relied on the availability of heavy equipment, which SDLP provided. The project also ensured key port staff received training on the proper implementation of logistics and transportation systems. Photo: WFP Collection 38 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Many ports were badly damaged or destroyed after the tsunami and earthquakes, making the delivery Photo: of construction materials and supplies to affected areas challenging. Here a SDLP landing craft is used for Syariful A. Lubis deliveries to Lafakha, Simeulue. brought timely and much needed necessities For enhanced sustainability, WFP collaborated and relief supplies to these isolated towns and with the University of Syiah Kuala to register regions. The WFP Shipping Service operated in the courses within their modular system for 30 locations from October 2005 until March Masters Degrees and with the Provincial 2008 and served 84 different humanitarian Training and Human Resources Agency (Badan organizations including NGOs, UN and Kepegawaian Pendidikan dan Pelatihan, BKPP) government agencies. WFP transported over to have the courses officially recognized within 98,000 metric tons or over 256,000 cubic the governments’ civil service training system. meters of construction materials to rebuild Aceh. Related cost recovery activities raised Prior to project closure, SDLP incorporated a approximately US$2.4 million which were disaster risk reduction element to its training used to fund subsequent SDLP activities. that targeted Aceh’s Provincial Disaster Management Agency (BPBA), its rapid response Port Management Training was provided to team, and other affiliated organizations. WFP government officials from 18 ports in Aceh provided training in Humanitarian Logistics and and Nias. This training program was comprised Emergency Telecommunications. The program of 25 Port and Maritime training modules, involved 13 distinct, practical training courses which were delivered through 138 separate which were delivered to 395 participants courses to more than 2,000 trainees between over 79 training days. Additionally WFP and December 2008 and September 2010. BPBA jointly conducted an in-depth logistics 39 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report The SDLP provided training for key staff from 18 ports in Aceh and Nias related to effective operation and Photo: maintenance of the infrastructure investments and systems implemented. Over 2,000 participants took part WFP in the ports management training courses. Collection capacity assessment of Aceh and Nias and activities helped to better prepare Aceh’s key produced corresponding recommendations disaster management experts to face future for planning logistics operations in disaster disasters. responses. This inclusion of DRR related SDLP Results SDLP Results at project closure June 2012 Achievements Users of shipping and logistics services since 1,095 records of logistics support given: project start: Government of Indonesia 561 United Nations agencies 221 Commercial Sector 168 NGOs 145 Reconstruction Material Shipped (until December 98,185 2006, metric tons) Monitored commercial cargo movement (since 1,200,925 October 2006, metric tons) Port management training sessions held 138 courses(2,063 participants) Disaster Risk Reduction training program 13 training packages (395 participants) 40 Project Fact Sheet 11 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Tsunami Recovery Port Redevelopment Programme (TRPRP) This project helped to restore essential transportation networks after the earthquake and tsunami by providing designs and technical support for the reconstruction of major seaports and one river port. The redevelopment of these critical ports ensured that equipment and materials could be delivered to isolated areas for the rebuilding of communities and livelihoods during the early phase of reconstruction. The project was completed and closed on December 31, 2007. Aceh and Nias ports were hard hit by the therefore it was essential to have the Aceh disasters in 2004 and 2005. In some areas and Nias ports operational as soon as possible. like Calang, ports were completely destroyed, and other ports were badly damaged. The The Tsunami Recovery Port Redevelopment sea provided a crucial point of entry for Programme (TRPRP) improved functionality of much of the early relief and recovery effort the ports by providing temporary wharves, and as many roads were impassable. Ports also technical assistance toward the construction continued to play an important role as hubs of permanent ports in accordance with the of transportation links for people and goods; overall port redevelopment strategy that was Grant Amount US$3.78 million Implementation Period March 2006-December 2007 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency United Nations Development Programme Final Disbursement Amount US$3.78 million Motorcyclists wait to board a ferry in Aceh. Ports were badly damaged in the earthquake and tsunami and restoring basic emergency transportation links meant that vital access was provided for people and materials in the early reconstruction phases. Photo: Kristin Thompson 41 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report The Tsunami Recovery Ports Redevelopment Programme (TRPRP) targeted key ports and wharves for Photo: immediate temporary reconstruction like this one in Calang that was destroyed in the disaster. This Kristin Thompson allowed the early opening of access routes in the immediate aftermath of the tsunami. endorsed by the Agency for the Reconstruction and shorelines. Economic feasibility studies and Rehabilitation of Aceh and Nias (BRR). were also completed for these ports, as well TRPRP focused on ports in three townships in as for the Kuala Langsa port. Calang (Aceh Jaya), Sinabang (Simeulue) and Gunung Sitoli (Nias), and minor works at ports Temporary wharves in Calang and Sinabang in Sabang, Meulaboh and Lamno. were completed and handed over to BRR. These works enabled better docking conditions MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS and storage of cargo, and were mainly used by TRPRP conducted assessments and studies the World Food Programme (WFP) and NGOs of seaports damaged or destroyed by the operating in the surrounding areas. tsunami in Calang, Meulaboh, and in Sinabang on the island of Simeulue, and a river port Restoring a degree of functionality of the in Lamno, as well as developed plans for the ports in Aceh and Nias was critical in opening redesign of these ports. In Gunung Sitoli the up access routes in the immediate aftermath project reviewed a previous design for future of the tsunami. This enabled the delivery construction and development. of reconstruction materials and immediate emergency supplies to remote areas and Environmental impact assessments were underscored the critical importance of basic, completed for Calang, Sinabang, Gunung albeit temporary, infrastructure networks in Sitoli, Meulaboh and Singkil ports to ensure facilitating emergency response and initial limited impact on local vegetation, wildlife, reconstruction activities to affected areas. 42 All TRPRP activities were coordinated with the BRR, the Agency for Transport, and the Restoring a degree of Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Department of Sea Communications to ensure functionality of the ports in cohesion and synchronization of the larger port redevelopment and complemented work done Aceh and Nias was critical in other ports of Aceh. TRPRP also consulted in opening up access routes with local governments, communities and in the immediate aftermath representatives of local fishers and other sea- of the tsunami. related stakeholders. TRPRP Results Results as of project closing December 2007 Achievements Design and assessments for ports completed Designs completed for 5 ports; environmental impact assessments undertaken at 5 ports; Economic assessments undertaken at 6 ports Functionality of ports improved Landing sites 11 Temporary wharves 2 With provisions from the Multi Donor Fund (MDF), TRPRP constructed temporary wharves at Calang and Photo: Sinabang, which enabled much-needed supplies and materials to reach affected areas cut off by the tsunami. UNDP Collection 1 Scope was reduced (no works in Balohan) since local government had taken up the works. Project Fact Sheet 12 43 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report NIAS RURAL ACCESS AND CAPACITY BUILDING PROJECT (RACBP) The Nias Rural Access and Capacity Building Project (RACBP) focused on the cost- effective and durable improvement of the rural transport network in selected economic cluster areas in Nias through the rehabilitation, reconstruction and maintenance of core road links. The project completed its objectives and closed in December 2012. The Nias Rural Access and Capacity Building designed and run in collaboration with the Project (RACBP) focused on improving rural Nias Livelihoods and Economic Development transportation routes to improve access to Project (LEDP) as part of a two-pronged economic opportunities and social services approach to promote economic development for residents in remote areas of the Nias through increasing agricultural productivity Islands. The project built all-weather bridges, and improving access to rural areas. roads and trails in 21 subdistricts across the four districts and one municipality of the Nias Implemented by the International Labour Islands and helped to build the capacity of Organisation (ILO), RACBP engaged local labor local government and communities to easily and used durable construction material. The maintain the completed links. The project was project provided on-the-job training and Grant Amount US$16.00 million Implementation Period October 2009-December 2012 Partner Agency International Labour Organisation (ILO) Implementing Agency International Labour Organisation (ILO) Disbursement as of September 30, 2012 1 US$16.00 million The RACBP used a local resource- based approach to construct 70 kilometers of roads, trails, and footpaths across Nias Island. More remote communities have improved access to economic opportunities and social services as a result of road construction. Photo: RACBP Project Collection 1 The project continued implementation until December 31, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 44 Project Fact Sheets - Recovery of Larger Infrastructure and Transport Children traverse a newly-built bridge in Gido, Nias. Under the Nias Rural Access and Capacity Building Photo: Project (RACBP), almost 2,000 meters of bridges were constructed to make journeys for Nias residents Akil Abduljalil much safer. capacity development for local government The project increased the economic benefits and communities to increase the long-term to the local workforce employed in the sustainability of RACBP works. A cultural construction and also drew on traditional heritage subcomponent enhanced public knowledge to design and construct the roads. awareness and ownership of Nias’ unique The project provided practical training for 42 cultural heritage, facilitated preservation site supervisors from the area­­—of whom 30 and sustainable use of valuable cultural percent were women—all of whom supervised heritage assets, and preserved traditional the construction of RACBP works. The project construction techniques. provided almost 27,000 training days attended by local government, contractors and MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS members of the community to build capacity The project made positive contributions for implementing, operating and maintaining towards reducing the poverty and isolation small local roads and infrastructure. of Nias’ rural poor through improving transportation links to remote rural areas. The project introduced innovative bridge From 2009 to 2012, RACBP constructed a building techniques for remote river crossings total of about 70 kilometers of road and using technologies adapted from Nepal. trails, and almost 2,000 meters of bridges. Through a pioneering South-South knowledge These constructions opened up access to exchange initiative with the NGO Helvetas, areas that previously were unreachable by Nepalese engineers came to Nias to provide motorized vehicles and in some cases were technical support and capacity building on cut off from the rest of the island for months bridge design and construction techniques each year due to high river waters and poor appropriate to Nias’ terrain and needs. A total weather conditions. of 80 bridges were constructed which opened up access to villages that previously could not preservation and restoration of key heritage 45 be reached during much of the rainy season. sites. Nias’ traditional construction techniques Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report The impacts of these bridges are far-reaching: were employed in the restoration of 140 they reduce travel time and difficulty, allow traditional houses, one community meeting students and teachers to reach schools year hall and five megalith sites. round, provide access to clinics and health workers and improve incomes by increasing The capacity of local governments and access to markets for agricultural products. communities in Nias to maintain the infrastructure assets built by the project The project limited the impact on the may challenge sustainability, both in terms environment by using environmentally- of technical capacity and funding resources. sound materials and techniques to build the The project approached this risk by using roads and bridges. Project designs included durable materials and investing in training and efforts to stabilize the foundations of the capacity building in the simple construction works to prevent degradation, improving techniques used so that local governments, the sustainability of the constructions in contractors, and communities can continue to Nias’ fragile environment. These included use this approach for road maintenance and techniques such as planting bamboo and construction going forward, contributing to other vegetation on slopes to prevent erosion, the future development of the Nias Islands. and stabilization works such as terracing and Teams from several District Public Works gabions in landslide prone areas. departments from Aceh and North Sumatera have attended these activities with the aim of RACBP also aimed to strengthen the unique replicating the innovative approaches used in cultural heritage of Nias through the their respective districts. RACBP Results Results as of Project Closure December 2012 Achievements Construction Works: Approximately 70km of roads, trails and All weather access roads and motorbike trails footpaths Small bridges and river crossings Almost 2,000 meters Training and Capacity Building: On-the-job training 23,945 training days completed Classroom training 2,854 training days completed 46 MDF Feature MDF Feature 1. Until the Kuala Bubon bridge is complete pedestrians and motorcyclists must queue to take the makeshift ferry across the river. 2. High school student Rosa takes the ferry to and from school each day. The Kuala Bubon bridge will speed up her journey and make it safer. 3. The Kuala Bubon bridge during construction. Photo: 1 Mosista Pambudi 2 & 3 Akil Abduljalil 1 Ferrying to School Rosa is propped up against her moped. She is wearing her school uniform. Fellow scholars and some other people from her village surround her. Everyone is waiting for the ferry to come back to their side of the river so that they can return to their village on the opposite bank. She smiles shyly from beneath her moped Rosa shakes her head and frowns. helmet. The Kuala Bubon bridge is under “Sometimes I wait for thirty minutes,” she construction behind her. blurts out, louder now, and with an impatient gesture. “I live over there, in Tengah” – she Rosa attends high school in the neighboring wags her finger in exasperation to the other village, Suak Tima. She talks softly, side of the river. uncertainly, at first, looking to her peers for reassurance. Brightly colored fishing boats are moored across the river. The houses she is pointing “I use the ferry every day to go to school,” to lie beyond, only about 200 meters away she says, “and if I need to go to the village.” from where she stands. She is referring to Each crossing costs her Rp 2,000 ($0.22) if the central part of Kuala Bubon village, a she is using her moped, but it’s free if she fisherman’s community on the West Coast of crosses as a pedestrian. Aceh. This area was hard hit by the tsunami of December 2004. Houses and infrastructure When asked how long she has to wait for were destroyed. Many people also lost their the ferry each time, her friends shuffle at lives. Some remain missing to this day. the question and mutter a few disgruntled replies in Indonesian. 47 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report 2 3 “I think that when the bridge is finished, it Rosa has to wait for a while longer before will be very quick and easy for me to come she can get home - maybe another thirty and go,” she says. “And free!” minutes or so. It is easy to see what a huge difference the bridge will make in Rosa’s life, The people around her voice their approval, and the life of the other inhabitants of Kuala some of them even breaking into smiles and Bubon village. nodding assent. “Before the tsunami there was a bridge too, but that was a long time The ferry pulls away from the shore. Rosa ago,” Rosa says. Rosa was a small child when settles in to wait for it to return. In the the tsunami struck, young to have been background, the construction of the new exposed to such a calamity. Today, waiting Kuala Bubon Bridge continues. on the riverbank in her school uniform, she looks reassuringly like a normal teenager. The ferry approaches, and the little The construction of the Kuala Bubon assembled crowd starts buzzing, everyone bridge was financed through the MDF’s readying themselves for the scrambled Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing rush to board. The impatient pedestrians Facility (IRFF) project, as part of the MDF’s last that have been waiting with Rosa start major allocation of funding for infrastructure pushing aboard even before the last people reconstruction. The Kuala Bubon bridge have disembarked. Although the ferry is forms a key part of the strategic highway not crowded, it pulls away from the shore along the west coast of Aceh completing without Rosa and her moped. the link between Aceh Jaya and Aceh Barat districts. This road is expected to impact She explains, “The ferry alternates trips the lives and economic possibilities of for pedestrians and passengers with approximately 900,000 people. motorcycles. The rest of us will go on the next trip.” 48 Project Strengthening Governance Project Fact Sheets - Strengthening Governance and Capacity Building Fact Sheets And Capacity Building Students in Nias walk home from school on a road built with support from SPADA. The project not only Photo: focused on infrastructure, but also supplied basic education provisions like books, desks and schools, as well Geumala Yatim as contributed to the enhancement of teaching skills for local educators. Project Fact Sheet 13 49 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Capacity Building for Local Resource-Based Rural Roads (CBLR3) The Capacity Building for Local Resource-based Rural Roads (CBLR3) project built the capacity of local governments, small contractors, and communities in undertaking road and other infrastructure works using a local resource-based (LRB) approach. It rehabilitated district roads, as well as some irrigation facilities in six districts in Aceh and Nias, drawing on local resources and creating short- and long-term employment opportunities. The project closed in November 2012. Following the disasters, the need to increase quality, and important access routes through community access to local employment, some of Aceh and Nias’ rural or more remote economic opportunities and social services areas. CBLR3 employed a local resource-based to reduce poverty and increase resilience was (LRB) approach to rehabilitate the roads, identified. With this in mind, the CBLR3 (also bridges, and irrigation facilities in rural areas widely referred to as “ILO roads”) project in Aceh and Nias with positive and sustainable focused on rehabilitating or constructing district results. Following this successful model, the and rural roads by contracting a local workforce LRB approach was scaled up in Nias through the and using proven construction techniques and MDF funded Rural Access and Capacity Building replicable methods to build cost-effective, high- Project. Grant Amount US$13.90 million Implementation Period March 2006-November 2012 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency International Labour Organization Disbursement as of Sept. 30, 2012 1 US$13.90 million Locally-sourced materials used to build roads under CBLR3 limit the impact on the environment and also increase the likelihood that roads will be maintained going forward. Photo: ILO Projects Collection 1 The project continued implementation until November 31, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 50 Project Fact Sheets - Strengthening Governance and Capacity Building The highest quality and most durable materials, like those used in Aceh Besar, increase the lifespan of roads Photo: built under CBLR3. Improved access for rural communities will reduce travel times to marketplaces and open Kristin access to more social services. Thompson MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS works. A Road Management Information CBLR3’s rural road construction and rehabilitation System (RMIS) was developed and trainings improved the quality of life for thousands of were provided to the relevant staff of Public residents in six districts in Aceh and Nias. By the Works and Bappeda in the districts. The Project time of project closure, 166 kilometers of roads also established five-year road master plans were rehabilitated to a high standard of quality which will assist selected local governments and 229 kilometers of roads were maintained. in planning and prioritizing for investment Additionally, the project built 10 kilometers of in road infrastructure. Other CBLR3 training bridges and three irrigation facilities using the emphasized an objective contracting system and LRB approach, and also created around 440,000 quality assurance, which resulted in transparent cumulative workdays for communities. bidding processes and improved quality of road supervision. In tandem with capacity development of community beneficiaries and local contractors, the project also built the capacity of local CBLR3 employed a local government staff, especially within district-level Department of Public Works and Bappeda, to resource-based (LRB) manage investment in infrastructure (including approach to rehabilitate the maintenance). Strong management ensured roads, bridges, and irrigation the longer-term sustainability of infrastructure and thus created a long lasting foundation for facilities in rural areas in accelerated economic development and poverty Aceh and Nias with positive reduction. Systems, procedures and tools were and sustainable results. developed for the planning, budgeting, resource allocation and programming of LRB rural roads CBLR3 used a gender-inclusive approach in its The impact of this work on the people of Aceh 51 work. Female worker-days constitute 28 percent and Nias will be felt for years to come. In the Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report of the total number of created worker-days for the five CBLR3-supported districts, travel times to road rehabilitation and maintenance works. The local markets are reduced and hence increase project has worked together with the National profitability of farmers; land bordering the Community Empowerment Program (PNPM) to improved roads is of higher value, and access build capacity of community facilitators in Aceh to educational, health, and other social facilities and Nias to carry out routine road maintenance. are improved. The CBLR3 Project has created an Manuals and guidelines on LRB approaches enabling environment for accelerated economic and techniques as well as community based development in the areas where it worked, road maintenance were developed in support thus making a substantive contribution to of PNPM. poverty reduction. CBLR3 Results Results as of project closing November 2012 Achievements Total roads rehabilitated (km) 166 Total roads maintained (km) 229.5 Number of local contractors’ staff trained 400 Number of local governments’ staff trained 189 Workdays created 440,000 A local worker spreads asphalt in Aceh Besar under the ILO Rural Roads project, CBLR3. By employing a local Photo: workforce that used tried and tested techniques and durable materials, the project ensured benefits go Kristin directly to the people who need it most, and the results will have lasting impact. Thompson 52 Project Fact Sheet 14 Project Fact Sheets - Strengthening Governance and Capacity Building Support for Poor and Disadvantaged Areas Project (SPADA) The Support for Poor and Disadvantaged Areas Project (SPADA) strengthened district government capacity to incorporate bottom-up (village, subdistrict and inter- subdistrict) planning and needs analysis into rural district planning and budgeting. SPADA linked the participatory subdistrict planning process of the National Program for Community Empowerment (PNPM Mandiri) to district government planning processes and decision making, and provided block grants to improve public services and budgeting for the recovery of basic infrastructure, education, and health services. The project completed its objectives and closed in December 2011. In Aceh and Nias’ hardest hit areas, many programs aligned its strategy with the national community and government initiatives relied on the capacity empowerment model (PNPM Mandiri) and of district level governance, which was low or BRR’s priorities to improve basic infrastructure, disrupted following the disaster. The national and health and education services in poor and program SPADA, funded by MDF to work in Aceh disadvantaged areas through block grants. and Nias, focused on building the capacity of local government officials to increase the efficiency MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS and effectiveness of their work. SPADA also SPADA provided 19 districts with up to US$50,000 Grant Amount US$25.61 million Implementation Period February 2007–December 2011 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry for the Development of Disadvantaged Areas (KPDT) Final Disbursement Amount US$19.72 million1 Workers in Nias build a bridge under MDF funded SPADA, which supplied block grants to improve small infrastructure across Aceh and Nias. Eighty-seven bridges were built in total during the project’s lifetime. Photo: SPADA Project Collection 1 Unspent funds were returned to the MDF and reprogrammed to other projects. 53 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Communities, like this one in Aceh Besar, learn how to engage in local planning and decision making. Through Photo: SPADA support, communities gained the know-how to effectively participate in the Musrembang process, Kristin a mechanism that feeds community-identified needs into local government action plans. Thompson in block grants to contribute to reconstruction, project. In addition, 679 community infrastructure reconciliation and development in some of Aceh subprojects were undertaken to address priority and Nias’ more vulnerable areas. Thirty percent of needs from water supply to bridges. Business- these grants supported quality improvements in government forums assessed obstacles to local health and education, such as training for staff or private sector development in five districts and public information materials. By project closure, a as a result, new business registration increased total of 1,738 subprojects in health, education, and during SPADA’s lifetime. infrastructure were completed in Aceh and Nias — reaching 99 percent of the total proposals over the Through a combination of training, practical four-year period from 2007 to 2010. exercises, professional technical support, and the establishment of learning networks, SPADA built A total of 14,677 health workers received training government and community capacity at district funded by SPADA. These health workers included and subdistrict levels. SPADA provided funding nurses, mid-wives and health managers, whose to expand the USAID-financed Local Governance increased capabilities present a long term benefit Support Project (LGSP) to build capacity in 10 for those seeking treatment, particularly pregnant Aceh districts on local development planning and women: Aceh and Nias have some of the highest budgeting. Implementation of the SPADA Economic rates of maternal deaths in Indonesia. SPADA Governance in Aceh (SPADA-EGA) component, also provided training for 5,134 educators and co-funded by the MDF and the Department for upgraded the quality of teaching materials and International Development (DFID) of the United school infrastructure. More than 2,300 vulnerable Kingdom and implemented by the Asia Foundation, women, internally displaced persons (IDPs), and has improved the local business climate in the conflict victims were also supported through this targeted districts. 54 Project Fact Sheets - Strengthening Governance and Capacity Building Women played a central role in SPADA activities through their contributions to local government planning Photo: and decision making. The project worked to ensure the voices of women were heard and their needs were SPADA Project translated into action that improved their lives. Collection SPADA Results Results as of project closing December 2011 Achievements Participatory planning processes being used 100% of districts now participate in GoI’s for budgeting and financing of development participatory planning and budgeting process activities at district level (musrenbang). SPADA supported this process and helped build capacity. Subprojects proposed and funded • Roads (376 units/97 km) • Bridges (87 units/7 km) • Drainage (192units/10km) • Irrigation (23 units/2 km) • Clean Water (94units) • School Rehabilitation (125units) • Village Health Clinic (29) Education/health activities implemented (focus Health: (total subproject 469) on improving the overall quality of services) • Training (301) • Rehabilitated Health Clinics (29) • Other (nutrition program, health information, books) (139) Education: (total subproject 520) • School-based management training (75) • Other training (125) • School Rehabilitation (125) • Books, tools, furniture (185) • Scholarships (10) Project Fact Sheet 15 55 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Support for Civil Society Organization Strengthening in the Recovery of Communities in Aceh and Nias (CSO) The Civil Society Organizations (CSO) project built the technical and organizational capacity of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) in Aceh and Nias. Small grants enabled NGOs and CBOs to engage in demand-oriented reconstruction activities. The project closed on May 31, 2010. UNDP’s Support for Civil Society Organization participate in training, served as a foundation Strengthening in the Recovery of Communities for communication between stakeholders, and in Aceh and Nias (CSO) employed a bottom-up provided a space for the transparent competition approach to the reconstruction of Aceh and Nias for small MDF funded grants. The small grants based on the premise that fostering a stronger provided helped to restore basic social services, civil society results in lasting positive impact on empowered women through participation in the development of vulnerable areas. The CSO various development initiatives and provided project encouraged a reciprocal relationship income-generating activities. between government and civil society through the establishment of Civil Society Resource MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS Centers (CSRC), which allowed beneficiaries to The CSO project established an effective Grant Amount US$6.0 million Implementation Period December 2005–May 2010 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency United Nations Development Programme Final Disbursement Amount US$6.0 million A woman in Blang Bintang, Aceh Besar stands with a goat provided under UNDP’s CSO project. Families received a male and female goat on loan and were able to keep the offspring. The male and female goats were then sent on to a different family to encourage the spread of the economic benefits of the goat project. Photo: UNDP Collection 56 Project Fact Sheets - Strengthening Governance and Capacity Building Local fishing groups supported by the CSO project helped to enhance a cooperative spirit and social Photo: cohesion. With this grassroots approach, the project contributed to trust building and networking of affected UNDP communities. institutional setup to facilitate consultation more than 100 trained facilitators available for and cooperation among stakeholders and rapid response deployment. proponents for the enhancement of CSOs’ roles in the rebuilding of post-disaster Aceh and The project trained more than 200 CSOs/ Nias. One Provincial Coordinating Team and CBOs in Aceh and Nias in a set of community 13 Technical Working Groups were established development competencies, which included in Aceh, while two District Coordinating Teams monitoring of rehabilitation and reconstruction were formed in Nias. These bodies were involved activities, project management, strategic in the selection of small grant proposals, planning, leadership, and gender-related issues. monitoring of CSO project implementation, CSOs introduced community-based monitoring, and facilitating community-based monitoring of which facilitated communities to monitor the reconstruction activities. The CSO-supported The CSO project was instrumental in establishing two CSRCs: IMPACT in Aceh and FORNIHA in women’s activities improved Nias. These CSRCs have enabled civil society and participants’ quality of life organizations to more effectively communicate and provided the financial their individual and institutional needs, and communities now have a platform through and social capital necessary which to lobby government on development to allow them to develop priorities and needs. Through training and their potential in planning, coaching, the CSRCs have created extensive CSO decision making and networks in both Aceh and Nias, with a roster of income generation. rehabilitation and reconstruction process, facilitated increased income in communities 57 and created a space for communities and through various economic activities such as Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report government to interact on issues and problems goat-raising, handicraft production and chili encountered during reconstruction. farming in Aceh, and cacao farming and pig- raising in Nias. Overall, the CSO-supported Small grants to CSOs enhanced basic social women’s activities improved participants’ services, income generation, and women’s quality of life and provided the financial and empowerment. In some cases the small grants social capital necessary to allow them to develop were used for community social facilities, their potential in planning, decision making and including early childhood centers in Nias and income generation. Aceh and a public well in Nias. Other small grants CSO Results Results as of project closing May 2010 Achievements Number of small grants provided 142 Value of grants provided US$2.38 million Beneficiaries of livelihood grants 33,398 (44% women) CSRC staff trained (training of trainers) 83 (30% women) CSO staff trained 1,100 (30% women) Women in civil society development under the CSO project reported an increase in self-confidence, self- Photo: esteem and skills after training. They reported that they felt more involved in decision making and their MDF Secretariat ability to contribute to the family income. 58 Project Sustaining the Environment Project Fact Sheets - Sustaining the Environment Fact Sheets The Blang Bintang Regional Landfill in Aceh Besar prior to its commissioning at the end of 2012. Built under Photo: TRWMP, the landfill is the first of its kind in Aceh and will become a showcase facility for all of Indonesia’s Faisal Ridwan sanitation departments. Project Fact Sheet 16 59 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Aceh Forest and Environment Project (AFEP) The Aceh Forest and Environment Project (AFEP) helped protect Aceh’s Leuser and Ulu Masen forest ecosystems and promoted sustainable forest management. The protection of this 3.3 million hectare area contributes to the safeguarding of the water supply of approximately 60 percent of Aceh’s population, as well as Southeast Asia’s richest remaining source of biodiversity. Aceh’s forests contain a rich biodiversity of unique planning process, and helped build sustainable and endangered species of flora and fauna, and capacity and institutions for forest protection. are the source of many livelihoods in the region. The project built the capacity of government Aceh’s Ulu Masen and Leuser ecosystems, two forest and park management agencies and of the largest swathes of natural rainforests in strengthened community awareness and Southeast Asia covering an area of 2.5 to 3.3 capacity to monitor and protect forest resources. million hectares, faced possible negative impacts The project also worked to protect and improve from reconstruction efforts. AFEP worked the livelihoods of communities in the forest areas to mitigate these impacts, mainstreamed through mitigating human-wildlife conflicts and environmental concerns into Aceh’s overall supporting livelihood development activities. Grant Amount US$17.53 million1 Implementation Period February 2006–December 2012 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Leuser International Foundation (LIF) and Fauna and Flora International (FFI) Disbursement as of September 30, 20122 US$17.53 million Muktar, age 44, and his colleague patrol the Ulu Masen forest in Aceh to help deter illegal loggers, hunters and gatherers. The Forest Rangers unit was trained by MDF funded Aceh Forest and Environment Project (AFEP) implemented by Fauna and Flora International. The rangers, mostly volunteers and former loggers, protect the forest and spread environmental awareness throughout their communities. Photo: Abbie Trayler-Smith/Panos/DfID 1 The Steering Committee approved additional funds of US$88,370 to the project in November 2012 to cover costs associated with preparing for handing over the three ultralight planes purchased under the project to the Aceh provincial government. The planes will be operated by the provincial government for continued forest monitoring after the project closes. 2 The project continued implementation until December 31, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 60 Project Fact Sheets - Sustaining the Environment Indonesian school children visit a Conservation Response Unit on the edge of the Ulu Masen forest in Photo: Aceh to learn about why the forest is important for the local community. Fauna and Flora International Abbie Trayler- set up the Conservation Response Unit through the Aceh Forest and Environment Project. Smith/Panos/DfID MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS monitor and report illegal forest activities. Local The AFEP project contributed to protecting governments and other donors have adopted Aceh’s forests from large-scale degradation and oversight of this successful rangers program. encroachment during the reconstruction. The project achieved all expected results related The project developed a multi-pronged to providing data and information about approach to addressing human-wildlife conflict. deforestation and illegal logging using satellite Conservation Response Unit (CRU) engaged monitoring and ground patrols. AFEP also met community members to help protect farmers’ its objectives in terms of engaging communities crops from wild elephants. The CRU continues to and building capacity through locally selected operate in both the Ulu Masen and Leuser forest community forest rangers to address Human areas with external support. Two protocols for Wildlife Conflict (HWC) and to monitor human-wildlife conflict, one for tigers and one issues related to illegal logging, poaching and for elephants, were developed through a multi- forest encroachment. stakeholder process with AFEP support. AFEP’s Community Ranger program provided The project promoted effective protection and enviromentally sustainable alternative sustainable management of the Leuser and Ulu employement to former illegal loggers, Masen forests. Over 60 local-level agreements, ex-combatants, and poachers as forest monitors. at the gampong or mukim3 level, on forest The project trained groups of rangers to monitoring and conservation were developed 3 Gampong is the word used in Aceh for a village (called desa in other parts of Indonesia). A Mukim is a traditional Acehnese level of government between the gampong (village) and subdistrict. with project support. More than 620 forest AFEP has trained teachers, developed curriculum 61 guards were trained through the project, and and materials on environmental awareness for Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report more than 60 conservation agency staff received schools, and established student eco-clubs with advanced training in forest crime prevention over 9,750 members across Aceh. The project and detection. Multi-stakeholder monitoring also initiated community nurseries to improve and law enforcement networks created under sustainable tree-crop based livelihoods. the project are continuing under leadership of the local government. The project successfully integrated environmental concerns into the overall reconstruction and The project significantly contributed to development processes in Aceh, and supported Aceh’s spatial planning process, ensuring that the provincial government’s Aceh Green initiative environmental considerations are integral to in identifying sustainable funding mechanisms these plans. AFEP assisted with the preparation for Aceh’s long-term sustainable development. of spatial plans for seven districts in Aceh as well Activities initiated under AFEP continue with as with two provincial spatial plans. other donor funding. AFEP Results Results as of project closure December 2012 Achievements Spatial plans drafted with environmental and 1 Province conservation inputs reflected 7 Districts Local level agreements and legislation on forest Ulu Masen: 14 Mukim management and conservation developed Leuser: 27 Gampong School teachers trained and provided with 1,007 (65% women) environmental and conservation curriculum materials Nurseries established and operational 47 Forest area replanted/restored (in hectares) 5,238 Human-wildlife conflict protocols prepared 2 (1 for tigers, 1 for elephants) 62 Project Fact Sheet 17 Project Fact Sheets - Sustaining the Environment Tsunami Recovery Waste Management Programme (TRWMP) The Tsunami Recovery Waste Management Programme (TRWMP) built capacity in local government to clear, recycle and dispose of tsunami waste, implement sustainable waste management systems that benefit the environment through the collection, recovery, recycling and safe disposal of waste materials, and promote waste management-related livelihoods. The project closed in December 2012. TRWMP was designed to provide a departments, major landfill infrastructure coordinated response to the public health works, and creation of livelihood opportunities and environmental concerns associated with from waste management. TRWMP has been tsunami and earthquake debris as well as one of the MDF’s longest running programs municipal solid waste management during that responded to all phases of the recovery, the rehabilitation and recovery of Aceh and reconstruction and long term development of Nias. The program focused on demolition and Aceh and Nias. By program closure, TRWMP had recycling of earthquake damaged buildings, achieved its intended objectives and significantly tsunami waste collection and land clearance, contributed to putting in place more sustainable capacity building of local municipal solid waste waste management practices. This pioneering Grant Amount US$39.40 million Implementation Period December 2005–December 2012 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency United Nations Development Programme Disbursement as of September 30, 2012 1 US$39.40 million Farmers in Kareung Ateuh, Aceh Jaya, return to their fields after almost eight years away. The tsunami left a layer of silt and debris over their rice paddies and in 2011, TRWMP helped to clear the path for hundreds of farmers to get back to work. Over all, the project helped to clear over 1,200 hectares of arable farm land along Aceh’s west coast, benefiting almost 2,000 families. Photo: Faisal Ridwan 1 The project continued implementation until December 31, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 63 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report The TRWMP team meets with local contractors and national, provincial and district government officials Photo: detailing the plans to build the Blang Bintang Regional Landfill serving Aceh Besar and Kota Banda Aceh. The Faisal Ridwan US$10 million facility has an immediate lifespan of ten years and space for decades to come. initiative provides models of best practice for program removed over one million cubic meters an important sector that had so far received of debris out of an estimated five million cubic insufficient attention in Indonesia. meters. Once urban areas had been cleared, the program turned its attention to the clearance of MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS agricultural land to restart farming livelihoods. In TRWMP’s early programming, cash-for-work By program closure, TRWMP restored over provided much-needed income to the survivors 1,200 hectares of irrigated rice paddies, dry of the disasters and created a workforce that farmland and several fish ponds. Approximately enabled the rapid cleanup of damaged housing, 2,000 households directly benefited from this ditches, drains and roadways in Aceh and Nias activity, most notably from the restoration of hard hit areas. Around 700 people received daily rice cultivation. wages, a quarter of whom were women. The material collected and recycled through cash-for- TRWMP shifted its focus in 2007 from emergency work and the demolition of over 550 structures response to the longer-term improvement of was reused in the reconstruction, helping to Aceh and Nias’ waste management system. reduce the burden on natural resources. During These core components, including an emphasis this phase TRWMP provided training and on building private sector recycling capacity, capacity development to the district sanitation were linked and mutually reinforcing. Efficient departments, and initiated training for residents sanitation systems require community buy-in in how to use recycled debris for making and a robust private sector, and also depend on furniture and other topics included composting adequate and reliable infrastructure for waste and health and safety for waste pickers. management. The project helped develop all of these areas in rebuilding a stronger waste TRWMP was instrumental in clearing rubble, management system in Aceh and Nias after debris and mud following the disaster. The the disasters. 64 Project Fact Sheets - Sustaining the Environment TRWMP supported recycling of tsunami debris in addition to clean up activities. These workers are recycling Photo: tsunami waste for creating furniture and other timber products. UNDP Collection One of the fundamental objectives of TRWMP municipal solid waste management in Aceh was to restart critical municipal waste services and Nias. Banda Aceh has received national to the most affected districts in Aceh and recognition for its dedication to sanitation and Nias. Once services had resumed, the program the environment through the Adipura Award for sought to build and develop the capacity of the environmental excellence four times, three of sanitation departments to deliver municipal which were awarded post-tsunami. waste services in line with national regulations and standards. The project organized a series TRWMP assisted local government to deliver of trainings for improved municipal solid waste a comprehensive public awareness campaign management held between 2010 and 2012. This that targeted schools, villages and the wider was a highly regarded comprehensive initiative public. Over 36,000 students learned recycling, that comprised 18 modules related to all composting and hygiene skills and knowledge facets of waste management such as customer and a further 4,500 community members, the service, landfill operations and qanun (or majority of whom are women, took part in bylaw) development. The qanun create a legal public awareness campaigns that included waste framework to enable good waste management segregation, the importance of hand washing practices like cost recovery for waste collection, and how to compost. landfill maintenance and operations, and budgeting mechanisms. In its lifetime, TRWMP helped to support recycling through over 233 small and medium As a result, 1,400 sanitation department staff, enterprises (SME), NGOs, individual collectors, including key decision makers like district and and school garbage banks, of which 73 percent department heads, have a strengthened ability are still active today. With an investment of to plan, prepare budget for, execute and develop US$3.2 million, TRWMP helped the private recycling sector create and maintain around and Banda Aceh. The US$10 million facility 65 2,500 direct employment opportunities while will improve the environmental conditions of Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report diverting over 72,000 tons of waste from Aceh Aceh’s most populated area, and can serve as a and Nias landfills. TRWMP also noted a shift model for other Indonesian provinces. The old in public perception regarding recycling as a landfill in Banda Aceh, at Gampong Jawa, was livelihood. Many of its beneficiaries indicated upgraded to a transfer station by the project. the stigma and judgment they faced, as well Other district landfills have been constructed as the way they felt about themselves, shifted in Pidie and Bireuen. Another district landfill from negative to positive over time. One of the is under construction in Gunung Sitoli, on the main reasons for this shift is due to the visible island of Nias. Coupled with TRWMP’s significant demonstration of improved economic condition investment in capacity development, sanitation of some of Aceh’s and Nias’ most vulnerable departments in these areas are equipped to and poor. In fact, since 2010, TRWMP-supported efficiently and effectively run these landfills well SMEs reported a combined net profit of around into the future. Detailed engineering designs for US$3.5 million. an additional six landfills have been developed and handed over to the Ministry of Public Works TRWMP’s dedicated partnerships with all levels to be constructed according to government of government contributed to the development infrastructure scheduling. of detailed engineering designs (DED) for landfills in six districts in Aceh, and the construction of By creating sustainable solid waste management four new sanitary landfills meeting international systems using international best practices, the standards. The most complex—and beneficial— project made an important contribution to of these is the Blang Bintang Regional Landfill, long-term environmental sustainability for Aceh serving one million residents of Aceh Besar and Nias. TRWMP Results TRWMP Results as of project closing Achievements December 2012 Number of dumpsites closed or upgraded to 10 sanitary landfills Households paying for household or community 29% waste collection (percent per district) Percentage of (volume) of Aceh’s solid waste 23% which goes to recycling Number of small & medium enterprises (SME) 164 SMEs with sustainable livelihoods created in waste 36 individuals management sector 12 NGOs 10 groups 8 school garbage banks 3 cooperatives 66 Project Enhancing the Recovery Process Project Fact Sheets - Enhancing the Recovery Process Fact Sheets Children in Banda Aceh participate in earthquake emergency drills as part of the revitalized “Dokter Kecil” Photo: (“little doctor”) scheme. Tarmizy Harva Project Fact Sheet 18 67 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Technical Assistance (TA) to BRR and Bappenas1 The Technical Assistance (TA) to BRR and Bappenas Project supported the BRR to efficiently enact its mandate to plan, implement, supervise and coordinate the recovery process through providing technical support and key services until the closure of BRR in April 2009. The project was extended to December 31, 2012 to provide support to Bappenas in its coordination role as well as to assist the provincial Bappeda in Aceh and North Sumatra to coordinate and complete the remaining rehabilitation and reconstruction efforts in Aceh and Nias. The project completed its objectives and closed December 2012. The TA to BRR and Bappenas project (also objectives first under BRR, then in 2009 under known as Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Bappenas. In its last phase, still under the overall Completion and Continued Coordination or coordination of Bappenas, the project also R2C3) was initially designed to provide rapid worked closely with Bappeda Aceh and Bappeda support to BRR for its technical and operational North Sumatra. The support provided by the needs in supporting the overall reconstruction. project allowed for the consistent, transparent As the recovery and reconstruction of Aceh and and effective inter- and intra-governmental Nias transitioned over time, the project adapted coordination in the reconstruction and to ongoing government needs by modifying its rehabilitation of Aceh and Nias Grant Amount US$24.78 million Implementation Period July 2005–December 2012 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency BRR (to April 2009), Bappenas (since April 2009) Disbursement as of Sept. 30, 2012 2 US$24.78 million A RAN Database training in Banda Aceh. The database was developed under the TA to BRR and Bappenas project and was designed to monitor and coordinate the overall reconstruction activities. Photo: UNDP Collection 1 After the BRR closed the TA to BRR and Bappenas project also became known as the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Completion and Continued Coordination (R2C3) Project. 2 The project continued implementation until December 31, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 68 Project Fact Sheets - Enhancing the Recovery Process With funding from the MDF through the Technical Assistance to BRR and Bappenas project, the BRR Photo: published this book series documenting the lessons learned from the reconstruction. MDF Secretariat MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS With the 2010–2012 Action Plan for the In its first four years, the project provided Continued Rehabilitation and Reconstruction technical assistance and operational support to in Aceh and Nias in place, TA for BRR and BRR to help the ad hoc national agency to achieve Bappenas provided supplemental technical and its mandate in a transparent and timely manner. operational capacity for Bappenas to fulfill its This included the development of policies and oversight on the implementation of the Action legal framework for the overall rehabilitation and Plan. The project also assisted the provincial reconstruction of Aceh and Nias, as well as the Bappeda agencies for Aceh and North Sumatra development of projects, programs, tools and (governing Nias) in streamlining and aligning its capacity for monitoring implementation of the objectives with national priorities. overall reconstruction objectives. The project supported the development of 217 strategies, The most notable contributions made by policies and guidelines, reviewed 192 proposals, the project included its support to improve and monitored 284 projects. the overall reconstruction coordination, communication between stakeholders and Most planned activities in support of BRR donors, and the effective implementation of the were completed in April 2009 as the agency Action Plan. Through its coordination support, closed and the responsibility for coordination TA to BRR and Bappenas enabled the provincial was transferred to Bappenas; however there government to formulate an acceleration remained a need for ongoing technical support. strategy that synchronized ongoing projects and aligned them with government work plans and assets, and the Data and Information Centre for 69 budgets. Furthermore, the project helped the Planning and Development. All systems were Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report provincial government to develop Aceh’s five- institutionalized with rigorous training to ensure year development plan for 2012 – 2017, a mid- the long-term sustainability of this investment. term development strategy for the province. In addition to supporting disaster-related policy Strong channels of communication and and procedure development, TA to BRR and information sharing was a priority concern in the Bappenas also provided technical assistance to years following the disaster. The project assisted develop and pioneer the streamlined process to in the completion and operation of three key perform environmental impact assessments. The management information systems (MIS) for the clustering of environmental assessments related Aceh-Nias recovery program: the Recovery of to the rehabilitation and reconstruction work in Aceh-Nias Database (RAND), a data repository Aceh was particularly relevant in meeting local to monitor and coordinate rehabilitation and development needs as well as setting future reconstruction activities funded by external national standards for environmental planning organizations, the Asset Information System and development processes. (SIMBADA), an online registry for reconstruction The TA to BRR and Bappenas project provided ongoing technical support to Bappenas and Bappeda in Photo: Aceh and North Sumatra to enhance the overall reconstruction efforts. UNDP Collection 70 Project Fact Sheet 19 Project Fact Sheets - Enhancing the Recovery Process Making Aceh Safer Through Disaster Risk Reduction in Development (DRR-A) DRR-A was designed to establish disaster risk reduction (DRR) as an inherent part of the development process in the core functions of Aceh’s local governments and their public and private partners, especially in Aceh’s local communities, where the most effective and direct actions can be taken to reduce physical, economic and social vulnerability to disasters. The project was completed and closed 30 May 2012. Making Aceh Safer through Disaster Risk government mechanisms and procedures, Reduction in Development (DRR-A) was building stronger and more knowledgeable initiated to support the government and the communities from the bottom up, enhancing public at large to better prepare for and respond the capabilities of the provincial disaster to potential disasters. This effort included science center, and building DRR awareness integrating disaster risk reduction (DRR) into among the public. Grant Amount US$9.87 million Implementation Period November 2008–May 2012 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency Ministry of Home Affairs and Provincial Government of Aceh Final Disbursement Amount US$9.87 million1 Aceh’s command center monitors tsunami standard operating procedures during the Indian Ocean Wave simulation in 2009. The event, supported by UNDP’s Making Aceh Safer through Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR-A), gave space for 18 tsunami- affected countries to practice roles and responsibilities put in place following the 2004 disaster. Photo: Fakhrurrazi 1 Unspent funds at project closure amounted to US$0.24 million and will be returned to the MDF. 71 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report School children in Aceh Tamiang take shelter under desks during an earthquake drill in 2012. DRR-A supported Photo: mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in the education system and by 2012, had helped to develop, test and UNDP Collection integrate DRR knowledge into daily lessons in school. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS DRR-A piloted a gender-sensitive community- In order to foster an enabling environment based disaster risk reduction initiative. Ten to institutionalize DRR measures, the DRR-A disaster-prone villages were selected, and DRR project drafted and facilitated an official review forums providing trainings for the establishment and approval of various legal and regulatory of Community Action Plans that sought to instruments. DRR-A was instrumental in influence village-level development planning the development of the regulation (Pergub with the awareness that hazards affect women No. 102/2009) establishing the Provincial and men differently. The project’s partnership Disaster Management Agency (BPBA, or Badan with three local NGOs also led to their capacity Penanggulangan Bencana Aceh). DRR-A development. DRR-A linked this activity with provided technical support as the new agency local governments to increase the likelihood that started operations. The project also assisted village voices would be considered in district- the government in translating its disaster level decision making. risk reduction priorities into action through policies and regulations including the Mid- The DRR-A project worked closely with the term Development Plan 2012-2017, the Local Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Action Plan for DRR (LAP-DRR), and the Disaster Center (TDMRC) at the University of Syiah Management Plan 2012 – 2017. Kuala in Banda Aceh. The project enhanced 72 Project Fact Sheets - Enhancing the Recovery Process Banda Aceh residents simulate a tsunami drill under the Making Aceh Safer through Disaster Risk Reduction Photo: project (DRR-A). Through drills and practice, residents in disaster-prone areas become better prepared Tarmizy Harva for the many hazards they face. DRR-A helped to promote a culture of safety for some of Aceh’s most vulnerable residents. the center’s institutional knowledge through TDMRC. Another successful revenue stream is capacity development, educational and technical the Disaster Studies Masters Program that was supports and enabled the center to raise its launched in 2011, which will continue to offer profile with the government and global science technical education to Aceh’s future leaders in community at large. With support from the DRR-A science and governance. project, TDMRC developed a province-wide risk map highlighting geographical vulnerabilities, Through strategically linking with government, which helped inform the government to develop media, communities, religious institutions and policies and regulations. The center also provided schools, DRR-A was able to spread awareness services for an historical disaster database, and through campaigns and education initiatives. the development of products and services that Aceh’s education system now has DRR can not only be used in-province, but have also modules incorporated into its curriculum. The attracted global attention, which will manifest project supported the Education Agency in into revenue to sustain the scientific work of developing, training teachers for, testing, and 73 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report A young boy sits inside a damaged police helicopter on the grounds of a tsunami escape building in Banda Photo: Aceh on Children’s Appreciation Day in 2011. The helicopter, destroyed in the tsunami, is now used as an UNDP education tool at the five-storey escape building, which was built to withstand a tidal surge and an 8.0 collection magnitude earthquake. institutionalizing DRR-integrated lessons for all of disaster reporting with awareness on DRR- levels of study; a similar set of modules was sensitive language and concepts, which has since developed and tested in Aceh’s religious school been put to use during earthquakes in 2012. The system. Targeting school systems increased the quakes triggered the enactment of the roles and reach of DRR messaging and directly increases responsibilities of emergency actors, such as the the knowledge of children, one of the most staff designated to sound the tsunami siren, and vulnerable groups in an emergency situation. although the hazards did not cause widespread damage, they were an opportunity for all DRR-A The Public Awareness Coordination Committee, stakeholders to demonstrate the lessons and founded and developed with DRR-A support, knowledge learned. linked key stakeholders in a shared objective of changing attitudes and behaviors of Aceh’s public regarding disaster risks. Journalists were also offered training to improve the quality 74 Project Fact Sheet 20 Project Fact Sheets - Enhancing the Recovery Process Aceh Government Transformation Programme (AGTP) The Aceh Government Transformation Programme (AGTP) provided strategic and essential support during the transition following the closing of BRR by ensuring that the provincial government had the necessary capacity and institutional strength to take over projects, assets, functions, capacities and resources from BRR at the end of its mandate. The project closed in June 2012. When the BRR closed as scheduled in 2009, related support, but also helped the Government AGTP offered technical support to the provincial of Aceh build long-lasting governance systems. government during the crucial transition period. The project focused on strengthening the MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS executive and key provincial agencies involved Over four years, AGTP provided strategic and in Aceh’s reconstruction, including the Training essential support by ensuring the Government and Human Resources Agency, and in its later of Aceh had the necessary capacity and work, expediting the smooth transfer of a large institutional strength to take over projects, number of rehabilitation and reconstruction assets, functions and capacities from BRR. assets. AGTP did not solely focus on transition- In 2008, AGTP helped to establish a group of Grant Amount US$16.98 million Implementation Period July 2008-June 2012 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency Ministry of Home Affairs and Provincial Government of Aceh Final Disbursement Amount US$16.98 million A civil servant uses the reference library at the Training and Human Resources Agency (BKPP) supported by AGTP. The agency built a strong foundation to strengthen the knowledge and skills required to develop Aceh’s civil service going forward. Photo: AGTP Collection 75 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Banda Aceh vice-mayor Illiza Saaduddin attends a workshop delivered by the Aceh Government Transformation Photo: Programme (AGTP). The project assisted the provincial government to take over responsibilities from BRR AGTP Collection when it closed in 2009. technical advisors to the Governor of Aceh. The in the increase of expenditure from 40 percent team, Tim Asistensi, provided the governor with in 2009 to 90 percent in 2010 and 2011. The advice and technical know-how, and played AGTP also fostered a vision for environmentally- a vital role in creating bridges between the friendly sustainable development. provincial executive and line agencies (SKPAs), national government bodies and other actors. AGTP’s work with the Provincial Training and Its work, namely the drafting of 17 policy Human Resource Agency (BKPP, or Badan documents, resulted in the development of Kepegawaian Pendidikan dan Pelatihan) has policies and regulations that supported the enabled the agency to strengthen the knowledge Law on the Governing of Aceh (LoGA). These and skills required to develop Aceh’s civil service include regulations on Special Autonomy going forward. AGTP helped the agency conduct (Otonomi Khusus, OTSUS) and Oil and Gas Funds a needs assessment of 39 out of 42 line agencies. (Minyak dan Gas, MIGAS) that have enabled the This resulted in the creation of a detailed government to adequately and effectively use training-needs map to assist the agencies in financial resources to support social programs, identifying individual capacity and human such as the health care mandate. resources development needs. The project also helped drive bureaucracy reform with the BKPP, AGTP helped to develop an online monitoring supporting the Government of Aceh to create an system to track budgets and expenditures assessment center that promotes a merit-based and this has improved budgetary expenditure system of hiring new civil servants, contributing performance of government agencies, as shown to a better-qualified civil service. 76 AGTP supported the transfer of reconstruction to over Rp 1.39 trillion worth of reconstruction assets from BRR to local government ownership assets. In addition, AGTP provided technical Project Fact Sheets - Enhancing the Recovery Process through developing capacity and regulations of support in the creation of an asset bylaw (qanun) the local governments to manage and transfer that will apply to all districts. Once legalized in assets acquired during the reconstruction. AGTP 2013, the qanun will mandate the process the enabled the Government of Aceh and its 23 districts undergo to assume and manage assets districts to identify, register and apply budgets in future development programs. AGTP provided strategic and essential support during the transition by ensuring the Government of Aceh had the necessary capacity and institutional strength to take over projects, assets, functions and capacities from BRR. In 2009, top echelon civil servants in Aceh underwent the first ever fit and proper test that assessed Photo: the capacity of its workforce. Supported by AGTP, the test set a precedent for Aceh’s future human AGTP resources standards. Collection Project Fact Sheet 21 77 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Nias Island Transformation Programme (NITP) The Nias Island Transformation Programme (NITP) aimed to enhance district capacity to successfully complete the recovery process and manage ongoing local government responsibilities, applying best practices that improve governance and reduce risks from future natural disasters. The project was completed and closed in June 2012. Following the earthquake in Nias in 2005, collaborated closely with two other MDF funded and the subsequent closure of the BRR, a gap projects, Aceh Government Transformation remained between the management capacity Programme (AGTP) and the Technical Assistance of the district governments and the skills to BRR and Bappenas Project (the project is also required for the continuing rehabilitation and known as R2C3) to support and facilitate the reconstruction work, and the safeguarding of asset verification and transfer process. post-disaster investments. NITP was established to respond to the critical needs of the transition MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS of responsibilities of BRR to local governments. According to BRR, approximately US$590 The majority of project work was dedicated million was invested in Nias following the to capacity building, especially relating to the disasters. A portion of those funds went to Nias transfer of assets to the relevant authorities, assets that required transfer to appropriate and the mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction government bodies upon closure of BRR. NITP (DRR) into government protocols. NITP was instrumental in the smooth transfer of Grant Amount US$4.59 million Implementation Period April 2009-June 2012 Partner Agency United Nations Development Programme Implementing Agency Ministry of Home Affairs, Provincial Government of North Sumatra and District Governments in Nias Final Disbursement Amount US$4.59 million Community members in Gido, Nias, learn monitoring and evaluation techniques to better assess local government’s performance in development. Part of the NITP support included building the skills of communities to liaise with governments that influence their ongoing development. Photo: Chandra Manalu 78 Project Fact Sheets - Enhancing the Recovery Process Children in Nias learn in school how to better prepare for the natural hazards they face living in this remote Photo: island chain. Under the Nias Islands Transition Programme (NITP), public school curriculum mainstreamed Chandra disaster risk reduction in its daily lessons. Manalu approximately US$71 million worth of assets during its lifetime. The project coordinated The Nias Island efforts with local, provincial, and central governments to identify, evaluate and transfer Transformation these assets such as buildings, roads and Programme helped to vehicles. The project also provided training mainstream disaster risk to Nias civil servants—27 of whom became reduction across sectors in accredited in asset management and a further 10 civil servants became certified for asset this hazard-prone area. appraisals—all of whom can continue the work of asset transfer, management and budgeting in years to come. vulnerable island. NITP helped to improve government financial management and Nias Island split jurisdictions during the lifespan effective expenditure practices through the of NITP, from two districts to five. NITP was Regional Financial Management Information instrumental in crossing district divisions System (SIPKD, or Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan to coordinate an island-wide economic Keuangan Daerah), a system in line with national development strategy: the Local Economic regulations. Critical attention was also provided Development strategic plan, which outlines to prepare the Action Plan 2010-2012 as the the way forward to improve the economic basis for transition programming. Key systems opportunities of this resource rich and poverty- have been adopted by the relevant agencies, 79 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Civil servants in Nias received training for various online-based systems implemented by UNDP’s Nias Islands Photo: Transition Programme (NITP), such as the Regional Financial Management Information System (SIPKD, or Muslim Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah) which was designed to improve government financial Nurwidodo management. and training on the planning, coordination, and responsibilities that were put to the test monitoring and evaluation of transition projects shortly thereafter. In early 2011, a landslide helped to reinforce the new systems. struck a remote community in South Nias and its BPBD was one of the first responders gaining Lastly, the project helped to mainstream disaster accolades for its effective coordination role. risk reduction across sectors in this hazard-prone To further mainstream DRR into daily practice, area. The project provided advice for and aided a DRR curriculum was devised, tested and in the establishment of Disaster Management implemented in schools on the island to prepare Agencies (BPBDs, or Badan Penanggulangan students to use DRR knowledge throughout Bencana Daerah) in Nias and South Nias districts their lives. in 2010. These new agencies required capacity development and support in developing roles 80 Project Economic Development Project Fact Sheets - Economic Development And Livelihoods Fact Sheets And Livelihoods Farmers learn techniques in cacao cultivation, pesticide manufacturing, and organic farming in Hiliserangkai, Photo: Nias. The LEDP training broadened the capacity of more than 3,700 farmers in Nias to strengthen their LEDP Project techniques and, improve the quality of their crops, thereby increasing the economic returns of their harvests. Project Fact Sheet 22 81 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Economic Development Financing Facility (EDFF) The Aceh Economic Development Financing Facility (EDFF) supported subproject initiatives for the economic development of Aceh and provided assistance to the Government of Aceh in project management and capacity building. The project completed its objectives and closed in November 2012. In the final phase of reconstruction local government capacity to manage similar programming, the MDF supported sustainable projects in the future. long-term economic development in line with the Government of Aceh’s own plans for MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS growth. The EDFF began work in 2009 and EDFF provided subproject grants (US$44.5 within a short implementation period made million of the total budget) to selected significant contributions to private sector international and local NGOs to carry out development. The sub-grants provided by activities that address critical issues affecting EDFF have helped to build a more competitive economic development in Aceh related to and supportive business environment marketing, production and competition. necessary to create job opportunities and Eight subprojects were chosen, from 121 growth. The implementation model employed proposals submitted, through a competitive supports the development of central and and transparent selection process. The Grant Amount US$50.00 million Implementation Period March 2009–November 2012 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry for the Development of Disadvantaged Areas (KPDT) and Government of Aceh Disbursement as of Sept. 30, 20121 US$44.46 million A worker shows off chocolate bars, the fruits of her working group’s labor in Pidie Jaya. The chocolate was processed from cocoa beans by farmers supported by the EDFF. Photo: Tarmizy Harva 1 The project continued implementation until November 30, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 82 Project Fact Sheets - Economic Development And Livelihoods These women, members of the KOPEMAS cooperative, package the emping melinjo crackers they have Photo: produced. The Canadian Co-operative Association (CCA) helped six women’s groups to increase their Tarmizy production of these and other snack products with support from the EDFF project. Harva projects were implemented by the Canadian government capacity building; (ix) women’s Co-operative Association (CCA), Action Aid empowerment; (x) strengthening research Australia (AAA), Swisscontact, Muslim Aid, and training centers; (xi) cattle breeding and Islamic Relief, Aceh Development Fund (ADF), fattening; and (xii) public infrastructure for International Organization for Migration economic sectors. (IOM), and Caritas Czech Republic. Each of these organizations implemented activities Notable achievements under EDFF include: in partnership with local NGO and/or private online marketing for Arabica Gayo coffee sector partners. linking farmers directly with buyers overseas (IOM); an instant messaging system of The focus of the subprojects was on activities cocoa beans pricing that increases farmers’ supporting Aceh’s key agricultural sectors awareness of their harvests’ market and and commodities including cacao, coffee, sales potential (Swiss Contact); and improved patchouli oil, agriculture (rice, peanuts, economic strength for six women’s groups soybeans, etc.), fisheries and fish processing, that increased snack production by sixfold and livestock. Activities included: (i) provision after project intervention (CCA). Under the of inputs, tools and equipment; (ii) quality subproject implemented by Caritas Czech enhancement; (iii) improved processing Republic, implemented subproject, patchouli and packaging; (iv) improved domestic and production improved dramatically, leading to international market access; (v) access to stable and quality controlled production of finance; (vi) cooperative development; (vii) essential oils, and increased profits for 2,800 improved business environment; (viii) local patchouli farmers. EDFF faced many challenges that resulted project helped to build both technical and 83 in project activities starting in late 2010, business skills and identify opportunities so Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report but despite the delay, most output targets that farmers, fishers, cooperatives, and small were met and significant outcomes were entrepreneurs will be on stronger footing for evident prior to project closure. In all, the continued economic development. EDFF Results Results as of project closure November 2012 Achievements Number of sector development plans developed 5 District master plans for cacao completed. 4 in consultation with private sector and adopted public-private sector dialogues established. by local governments. Primary producers linked to markets Total 13,822 (farmers, fishermen, aquaculturalists, cooperative members) Number of primary producers trained in 36,568 (farmers, fishermen, aquaculturalists, improved production or processing technology cooperative members), including 10,487 women. Number of Small and Medium Enterprises 380 SMEs/cooperatives/producer groups (SMEs) trained in improved value-added processing and marketing Number of producer groups established or 1,055 strengthened Number of cooperatives established or 60 strengthened Number of direct and indirect beneficiaries of 109,000 the project A Swiss Contact staff member inspects brown cacao fruit in an orchard in Pante Raja, Pidie Jaya. Routine Photo: examination of the cacao as it grows is vital to maintaining a high level of quality in the harvest. Tarmizy Harva 84 Project Fact Sheets - Economic Development And Livelihoods The project helped to build both technical and business skills and identify opportunities so that farmers, fishers, cooperatives, and small entrepreneurs will be on stronger footing for continued economic development. Samsu Bahri Replacing Rifles with Farm Tools The Aceh Economic Development Financing Facility (EDFF) program was established by the Ministry for Development of Disadvantaged Regions in 2009, with funding from the MDF. The aim of the program is to create job opportunities, and support post-tsunami economic recovery, sustainable economic growth and poverty alleviation. One of its projects, PEKA (Improved Aceh Cacao Economy) implemented by Swiss Contact, aims to restore the economic opportunities that cacao offers to poor rural communities through training and improving access to markets. Ex-combatant Samsu Bahri inherited several hundred hectares of a cacao grove from his father. “After the tsunami and the end of the conflict, I began cultivating cacao but I didn’t know anything about farming. When Swiss Contact came to the village, the community chose me to be key farmer. I learned a lot from the field school training. I used to harvest every 20 days but now I am able to harvest every week. I can harvest up to 50 kilograms a week. It’s hard work but we all help each other out. There are 34 other farmers in the group. I regularly give demonstrations, such as in how to propagate. I’ve also written our own producers’ manual for my group. I modified my own training manual to make it more practical for the whole group and now everyone has their own copy.” Last year, Samsu formed a cacao group for ex-combatants who have taken up cacao farming. He’s set aside one hectare of his land for demonstrations. “I do it because we were together in hard times, and so now that I’m making it as a farmer I want to give other ex-combatants a chance to become better farmers.” He pauses and adds, “Before, I carried a rifle; now I carry a hoe and farm tools.” Project Fact Sheet 23 85 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report Nias Livelihoods and Economic Development Project (LEDP) The Nias Livelihoods and Economic Development Project (LEDP) facilitated post- disaster economic recovery and poverty alleviation by improving the ability of the local government to work with poor rural households in Nias to identify, develop and sustain livelihood opportunities. The project completed its objectives and closed as of December 2012. Nias is one of the poorest areas in Indonesia Economic Development Project was designed to with poverty level hovering at 30 percent. This create an enabling environment for improved is almost 20 percent higher than the national livelihoods and development in the Nias Islands. average and was further exacerbated by the The project aimed to empower beneficiaries to 2004 and 2005 natural disasters. Livelihoods improve their technical, financial, management stemming from the island’s rich natural and marketing skills. The project also worked resources such as cultivating rubber trees, rice to develop management and technical capacity and cacao were disrupted after the earthquakes. within the local government to improve service To stimulate local economic recovery and help provisions for the implementation of livelihood to alleviate poverty, MDF’s Nias Livelihoods and programs in Nias. Grant Amount US$8.2 million Implementation Period October 2010– December 2012 Partner Agency The World Bank Implementing Agency Ministry for the Development of Disadvantaged Areas (KPDT) Disbursement as of Sept. 30, 2012 1 US$ 6.6 million Paddy farmers take a break from a training to improve planting techniques delivered in Nias Selatan with support by LEDP in early 2012. Many of the farmers also received household financial management training; almost 700 women benefited from learning how to better save and spend household funds. Photo: LEDP Project 1 The project continued implementation until December 31, 2012, but disbursement data was available only through September 30, 2012, at time of preparation of this report. 86 Project Fact Sheets - Economic Development And Livelihoods Farmers from a group in Teluk Dalam, South Nias get their hands dirty during a training to improve Photo: techniques in cultivating peppers and eggplant. Over 3,700 farmers participated in LEDP trainings over the LEDP Project project’s lifespan. MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS a stronger partnership between government Nias LEDP supported 100 livelihood groups in agencies and the communities they serve, which 92 villages located in 20 subdistricts across the will continue to thrive in years to come. island of Nias. The Nias LEDP and the Nias Rural Access and Capacity Building Project (RACBP) Improvement in agricultural practices and projects share several target areas in Nias so production was supported through the provision that rural communities could benefit from the of rice seeds, cacao and rubber seedlings as synergy between enhanced rural livelihood well as technical assistance to farmer groups. opportunities (LEDP) and the improved roads Nurseries were set up in each of the five (RACBP) that increased access to markets as districts so that farmers can continue to have well as other services and benefits contributing self-sustaining access to good quality cacao and to human and economic development. rubber seedlings. Project activities supported local government While the project approached economic and community groups through training, development from a wider perspective, its technical assistance, and the provision of key complementary work with household financial agricultural inputs. Most activities focused on management further strengthened efforts to training and group facilitation for women and reduce poverty in Nias. The project delivered agriculture livelihoods groups, and capacity household finance training to 100 community building for local government agencies under groups, of which 18 were women’s groups. the Ministry of Agriculture, with a primary The financial training at the household level focus on Nias’ key agricultural commodities— increases the sustainability of wider economic rice, rubber, and cacao. The project facilitated development initiatives; good personal financial management like savings plans create a more season, presented further challenges to project 87 economically resilient community. implementation. Despite these obstacles, the Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report project achieved its objectives of facilitating The project was the last in the MDF portfolio post-disaster economic recovery in Nias through to be approved and faced time constraints. improving livelihood opportunities for poor Conditions in Nias, including difficult access to rural households. remote project areas coupled with a long rainy LEDP Results Results by project closure December 2012 Achievements Local government officers trained • 28 field extension workers from 5 districts and one city trained in organizing farmer groups. • 16 LG staff members trained in program management and project monitoring. Livelihoods group members trained • 240 lead farmers were trained on technical skills • 100 farmer groups with 3,744 members (2,353 male, and 1,391 female) received technical training in cacao, rubber, and rice production. Block grants distributed 100 farmers groups received block grants (total value US$324,000) Nurseries developed 5 Local farmers carry rubber tree seedlings to their fields. LEDP supported rubber livelihoods, one of the main Photo: agricultural resources on the island. Over 4,500 hectares of land on the island is planted with rubber trees, LEDP Project the most widespread crop in Nias. 88 MDF Feature MDF Feature 1. The IOM field school taught Ibu Irmaini new methods of cultivation. “I even pick coffee differently now” she says. “I know which shades of red to pick, as this signifies the quality.” In the past we were paid per can of beans so we’d pick as much as possible regardless of the color. Now we know choosing the higher quality is better. We want heavy cans with quality beans!” 2. Field school extension worker Pak Lahmuddin has taught the farmers about seeding, trimming, making compost and organic farming. Photo: Tarmizy Harva 1 Coffee Farmers: Reaping the Benefits at Last The districts of Aceh Tengah, Bener Meriah and Gayo Lues form one of the most productive coffee growing areas in Indonesia. The cool climate and high altitude make it particularly suitable for the cultivation of Arabica coffee. Harun Manzola, the Head of Bappeda in “It’s been very frustrating up until now – Takengon, Aceh Tengah district, estimates we take such care with every single bean that there are over 48,000 hectares of coffee here, but we don’t know what happens planted in his district. Combined with the once the beans leave our farms. We hear neighboring district of Bener Meriah, coffee back that traders say the quality isn’t good covers a total of 83,000 hectares, the largest and that is devastating for us. We found Arabica area in Asia. out that our beans were being mixed with inferior quality beans.” Farmers are upset However, many obstacles prevent small by this current system of mixing high and farmers from benefitting from the economic low quality beans. Traders mix Arabica potential of coffee production. from different highland areas. Gayo coffee is a better quality and has a higher price, The villagers of Kebun Murni in Aceh Tengah so is used for mixing with inferior beans to are a typical example. Their families have improve the overall quality. grown coffee for generations. Ibu Irmaini, another coffee farmer, talks One of the farmers, Pak Budi, explains the of different challenges that stem from the challenges they face. past conflict: 89 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report 2 “Back before the tsunami, this was a conflict to 50 farmers, and we need more extension area, and we were constantly afraid of losing workers like me to meet the demand and our lives. We still tried to cultivate as much enthusiasm.” as possible, but because of the situation we were often too traumatized. During the Despite a lifetime of coffee-growing, for day, both sides would come with their guns the first time the farmers have learned and take away the coffee we had laid out to about seeding, trimming, making compost, dry. This is one reason why our income from and about organic farming. Pak Rahmudin coffee was very low at that time.” is one of 50 extension workers who have been trained and certified in coffee quality FIELD SCHOOLS improvement, as well as introduced to the Changes came about starting in 2009, when economics of coffee production. “Economics the International Organization for Migration is a very complicated subject for me” he (IOM), funded by the MDF through the laughs, “But I know it’s essential.” Economic Development Financing Facility (EDFF) program, began its field school COFFEE WAREHOUSE RECEIPT SYSTEM program. IOM trained 500 coffee cooperative Another problem affecting the price farmers members in how to improve their cultivation could get for their coffee was the long supply techniques, and learn more about the chain involving many intermediaries. Until international coffee market chain of which recently, there were local agents at the they are an essential part. Pak Budi is now village, subdistrict, and district level, and this one of the project’s agricultural extension meant that the middlemen reaped most of workers. the profit. “At first we had 20 farmers in this field school The new coffee warehouse receipt system but it’s become so popular we’ve increased it that was introduced in late 2011 addresses 90 MDF Feature At the new coffee warehouse in Jamur Ujung, “Q graders” check the coffee from local farmer Pak Photo: Mustasarun. Once it is graded he can decide if he will sell now or at a later date. Tarmizy Harva this, changing the balance in favor of the percent of the value of the beans that day). growers. Rahmudin explains its importance “So really our bean price is insured. The and impact on coffee growers: remaining twenty percent we can ask for when we actually want to sell the beans,” “Right now, we need to build awareness says Rahmudin. about the new warehouse system. As farmers, we will no longer carry the risk of Harun Manzola says it has been a long-term price fluctuations. Under the warehouse dream to have the coffee warehouse receipt receipt system we take the risk but we also system. “It’ll help the famers obtain loans get the benefit, whereas before, we took the and also stabilize the coffee price and allow risk but the local agent or middleman reaped them to hold on to their produce until the the benefit.” price is right,” he says. The system works like this: once the beans Pak Manzola agrees that the local middleman have been harvested, farmers follow a will lose out. But he argues, “We have 33,000 standard procedure in terms of drying and farmers here and only five hundred local storing so the quality is uniform. Then the agents. We want to increase the capacity of beans are brought and stored in the coffee the village traders so they can go straight to warehouse under good conditions in order the buyer rather than intermediary traders. to maintain the quality. Farmer groups can We don’t want to monopolize the way then withdraw money against the value farmers sell their coffee. We want to give of the beans at that time (up to eighty them more options.” 91 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report “The coffee warehouse receipt system will help the famers obtain loans and also stabilize the coffee price and allow them to hold on to their produce until the price is right.” Pak Mustasarun, representing twenty Villagers are already discussing how the farmers from Suku Wih Ilang, is the first anticipated increase in their incomes will be farmer to turn up at the warehouse outside spent: Takengon on the first day of the new receipt system, making him the very first farmer in “We’ll increase our production of compost, Indonesia to use this system. refurbish old tools, and buy new equipment. We might even buy a coffee grinding machine “I’m happy about that. I haven’t heard yet for the group. Under the old system, that if my coffee has passed the grade but I’m would have been a distant dream.” confident that it will. This new system will be a great security for us farmers – it’s a guarantee our coffee is safe. I trust this facility more than my own house. The price is good at the moment, but not good enough The Aceh Economic Development Financing for me to sell the whole batch right now.” Facility (EDFF) program, funded by a grant from the MDF, aims to create job His coffee passes the grade: good enough for opportunities and support post-tsunami export quality but not quite “specialty coffee” economic recovery, sustainable economic grade. Nevertheless, Pak Mustasarun seems growth and poverty alleviation. NGOs play content, and leaves knowing his beans—and the role of Subproject Implementing Entities his profits—are safe. (SIEs). This subproject is being implemented by the International Organization for Pak Budi, the agricultural extension worker, Migration (IOM). The project aims to give sums up the potential for the new receipt small farmers more control over the quality, system: marketing and sale of their coffee, and is restoring the economic opportunities that “We’ve grown coffee since colonial times. coffee offers to poor rural communities. Traders have always profited and we have always lost out. The change is coming at last. Now we are united and supported for the first time in history.” 92 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronyms and Abbreviations AAA : Action Aid Australia ADF : Aceh Development Fund AF : Additional Financing AFEP : Aceh Forest and Environment Project AGTP : Aceh Government Transformation Programme BAFMP : Banda Aceh Flood Mitigation Project Bappeda : Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah (Regional Development Planning Agency) Bappenas : Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (National Development Planning Agency) BKPP : Badan Kepegawaian Pendidikan dan Pelatihan (Provincial Training and Human Resource Agency) BKRA : Badan Kesinambungan Rekonstruksi Aceh (Aceh Sustainable Reconstruction Agency) BKRAN : Badan Kesinambungan Rekonstruksi Aceh dan Nias (Sustainable Reconstruction Agency for Aceh and Nias) BKRN : Badan Kesinambungan Rekonstruksi Nias (Nias Sustainable Reconstruction Agency) BNPB : Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (National Disaster Management Agency) BPBA : Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Aceh (Aceh Provincial Disaster Management Agency) BPBD : Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (Regional Disaster Management Agency) BPN : Badan Pertanahan Nasional (National Land Agency) BRR : Badan Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Aceh-Nias (Aceh-Nias Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Agency) CBO : Community Based Organization CCA : Canadian Co-operative Association CDA : Community Driven Adjudication CDD : Community Driven Development CBLR3 : Capacity Building for Local Resource Based Rural Roads CEAP : Contractor’s Environmental Action Plan CPDA : Consolidating Peaceful Development in Aceh CRU : Conservation Response Unit CSO : Civil Society Organization CSP : Community Settlement Plan CSRC : Civil Society Resource Center CSRRP : Community Based Settlement Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project DAC : Development Assistance Committee DFID : Department for International Development of the United Kingdom 93 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report DIPA : Daftar Isian Pelaksanaan Anggaran (State Budget Execution Document) DRR : Disaster Risk Reduction DRR-A : Disaster Risk Reduction-Aceh Project EDFF : Economic Development Financing Facility EGA : Economic Governance in Aceh EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment FFI : Fauna and Flora International FORNIHA : Forum Peduli Tano Niha (Nias Land Forum) GAM : Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (Free Aceh Movement) GoI : Government of Indonesia IDP : Internally Displaced Person ILO : International Labour Organization IMPACT : Inspiration for Managing People’s Actions IOM : International Organization for Migration IREP : Infrastructure Reconstruction Enabling Program IRFF : Infrastructure Reconstruction Financing Facility JRF : Java Reconstruction Fund KDP : Kecamatan Development Program KNOW : Knowledge Management Center KPDT : Kementerian Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal (Ministry for the Development of Disadvantaged Areas) KRRP : Kecamatan Based Reconstruction and Recovery Planning Project (Nias) LAN : Lembaga Administrasi Negara (National Administration Bureau) LAP : Local Action Plan LCRMP : Lamo-Calang Road Maintenance Project LEDP : Livelihoods and Economic Development Project (Nias) LGSP : Local Governance Support Project LIF : Leuser International Foundation LoGA : Laws of the Governing of Aceh LRB : Local resource-based MCK : Mandi, cuci, kakus (Bathing, washing and toilet facilities) MDF : Multi Donor Fund M&E : Monitoring and Evaluation Migas : Minyak dan Gas (Oil and Gas) 94 Acronyms and Abbreviations Acronyms and Abbreviations MIS : Management Information System MSW : Municipal Solid Waste MTR : Midterm Review NGO : Nongovernmental Organization NITP : Nias Islands Transition Programme OECD : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development O&M : Operations and Maintenance Otsus : Otonomi Khusus (Special Autonomy) PACC : Public Awareness Coordinating Committee PDAM : Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (Regional Clean Water Company) PEKA : Peningkatan Ekonomi Kakao Aceh (Aceh Cacao Economy Improvement) Pergub : Peraturan Gubernur (Governor’s Regulation) PNPM : Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (National Community Empowerment Program) R2C3 : Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Completion and Continued Coordination RACBP : Rural Access and Capacity Building Project (Nias) RALAS : Reconstruction of Aceh Land Administration System RAND : Recovery of Aceh-Nias Database RAP : Recovery Assistance Policy Rekompak : Rehabilitasi dan Rekonstruksi Masyarakat dan Permukiman Berbasis Komunitas (Community Based Settlement Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Project) RMIS : Road Management Information System SDLP : Sea Delivery and Logistics Program (Aceh) SIMBADA : Sistem Informasi Barang dan Aset Daerah (Regional Assets and Equipment Information System SIPKD : Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah (Regional Financial Management Information System) SKPA : Satuan Kerja Perangkat Aceh (Aceh Provincial Executive and Line Agencies) SME : Small and Medium Enterprises SPADA : Support for Poor and Disadvantaged Areas SKPD : Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (Regional Working Unit) TA : Technical Assistance 95 Multi Donor Fund 2012 Final Report TBSU : Trail Bridge Support Unit (Nepal) TDMRC : Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center TEWS : Tsunami Early Warning System TRPRP : Tsunami Recovery Port Redevelopment Programme TRWMP : Tsunami Recovery Waste Management Programme UN : United Nations UNDP : United Nations Development Programme UPP : Urban Poverty Project USAID : United States Agency for International Development WFP : World Food Programme NAD Nias Republic of BRR Indonesia European Union Netherlands United Kingdom BANK DUNIA | THE WORLD BANK World Bank Sweden Canada Norway Denmark Germany Belgium Finland ADB United States of New Zealand Ireland America MDF Office Jakarta Indonesia Stock Exchange Building Tower I/9th Floor Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 52-53 Jakarta 12910 Indonesia Tel: (+6221) 5229-3000 Fax: (+6221) 5229-3111 www.multidonorfund.org