;'lAssessment/AnRaly$sis cAS epolbs SW 'ttit ,., w' i '' .... ,j ~~~~~~~Report E0090 t¢if 4 ,';' i ,., . ' : . ., ,,,,,,* ,,,, ,(,,,1 , . . .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ :XrX~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, j$^/+t,,'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ii . ' 0 @ t ; i,~~~~~~~~.. . ... ..7 THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSM:ENT REPORT FOR CHINA SIcHuAN POWER TRANSMISSION PROJECT (Final Report) Document for The World Bank Appraisal BA-OOS-B Sichuan Electric Power Company Chengdu, China Sep., 1994 -. U * t *ilA*E~~~~~~~~~~~-a- $ {..*S;~~~~~~~~ 1-p * i,$- "a . @~~~~~~~ OR t1 Cs 1 1. _ 'fl, ; Ctv'W$ FIrfrmr:r_ M>, siN rnF.1 -S A . oA sH E. % h a h t O d .. F>,¢^s . akt* { ,_ ;rcM t a ssi~~~~~c Urua k{wt iW r 'HIP, ) 1; - ;oup Bi ! I'-Al >4 I4i ' RI :%' v..P4 ^t Mt + vct. .. . FRI .~1x t>'I Y ta byeXaReRSSWiBCv '-W ' }XE'B1t ° 4A,L W' 40 Ww' s Xi+ ffiX e WW X a W7f y A- Vf *z-f 7g ag jV 7Y gg 7;Urtwg 'A .w- ta±. 4 t. - 'tk E kf V 4 W J ' rt b' > 4-V Ir -Dal W 'SS#Rg'X'wt-~W 'FXt °X V >w--,Ir -ff 4' Mt iWRt 3 so. k;W I tV WsCf't 1'%4W 4flY M4flY 'q'f l4 i~ rt Y I j u )-~Iae -rt-fl.. 49R Al * S w W + w ~ ~ * - g N e v4 W ' ES'' 4 -i> \$; E S 9 g NK§ 414 N- 1k',) fia is > 'MB Xw 'Il fl 9 _ od h9iX$ 7:Y 40 -, o s;-. i 4Wt~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4 C ,tg,§ t . b ,' . a - r i I 'ME 1 ' -h' x, * 6'' .:i ffi .1 a- Ž-- rt o 6- ={1 W- *'iI- *-X fl *r -is -4 9Z $ -Ilk tzdeA .~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~4 -.S China Sichuan Power Transmission Project (Ertan 500kV Transmission Project) Environmental Impact Assessment CONTENTS 1 Preface 1.1 General 1.2 Scope and the Purpose of EnvironIment Impact Assessment 2 Brief Description of the Project 2.1 Project Owner 2.2 Proposed Project 2.3 Necessity of the Project and Constuction Scale and Schedule 2.4 Location of the Project 2.5 Introduction to the Project 3 Environmental Conditions of the Impacted Region 3.1 Ertan to Zigong Honggou 500 kV Transmission line 3.1. 1 Natural Environment 3.1.2 Ecological Resource 3.1.3 Social Environment 3.1.4 Quality of Life 3.2 500 kV Substations and Switching Station 3.2.1 Zhaojue 500 kV Switching Stadon 3.2.2 Panzhihua 500 kV Substation 3.2.3 Zigong Honggou 500 kV Substation 3.2.4 Chengdu Longwang 500 kV Substation 3.2.5 Chongqing Chenjiaqiao 500 kV Substation 3.2.6 Changshou 500 kV Substation 4 Environmental Impact Forecast, and Control and Treatment Measures 4.1 Transmission Line Impacts on Environment 4.1.1 Impact on the Forest and Economic Trees 4.1.2 Potential Impact on Industrial Facilities and Mineral Resources 4.1.3 Impact on Wildlife and Conservation Areas 4.1.4 Impact on the Surrounding Scenery and Anesthetics 4.1.5 Construction Impacts 4.1.6 Occupation of Farmland 1 4. 1.7 Relocation 4.2 Impact of the Environment on the Transmission Line 4.2.1 'Unfavorable Geological Conditions 4.2.2 High Elevations 4.2.3 Heavy Icing 4.2.4 Air Pollution 4.2.5 Forest Fire 4.3 Electromagnetic Environmental Compatibility 4.3.1 The Impacts of the Ground Electric Field on the People, Domestic Animal and Preventive Measures 4.3.2 The Impacts of the Transmission Line on the Wired and Radio Facilities 4.3.3 The Impacts of Audible Noise and Preventive Measures 4.4 Envirom-nental Assessment of 500 kV Substations 4.4.1 Land Occupation, Relocation and Felling of Trces 4.4.2 Construction Impacts and Mitigation 4.4.3 Operational Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4.4.3.1 Electromagnetic Field Effects 4.4.3. 1.1 The hnpacts on the Wired and Radio Communication Facilities 4.4.3.1.2 The Inpacts of the Electromagnetic Field on Human 4.4.3.2 Noise Control 4.4.3.3 Waste Water Treatment 4.4.3.4 Greening Design 4.5 Envirorunmental Impacts on the Substation s Analysis of Alternatives 5.1 Technical and Econoomical Comparisons of Route Schemes 5.2 Relative Electromagnetic Impact Evaluation and Impacts of the Three Alternative Aligmnents 6 Mitigation Management and Monitoring Plan 6.1 Offices Responsible for Environmental Protection, Supervision and Monitoring 6.2 Major Monitoring Programs 6.2.1 Meteorological Observation 6.2.2 Earthquake Forecasting 6.2.3 The ESDD Observations 6.2.4 Health and Sanitation Monitoring 6.2.5 Vegetation, Wildlife and Fish Monitoring 6.2.6 Electromagnetic Environmental Compatibility Monitoring 2 7 Estimated Expenditures for Environmental Protected Mitigation and Monitoring 7.1 Estimated investment for transmission line Environmental Protection 7.2 The Estimated Expenditure for the Environmental Protection Mitigation and Monitoring 7.3 The Investment for the Substations Environmental Protection Mitigation and Monitoring 8 Public Participation 9 Conclusions FIGURES A. Ertan to Zigong 500 kV Tansmission Line Corridors and.Panzhihua, Zigong Honggou 500 kV Substations, Zhaojue 500 kV Switching Station Site Location (FIGURE A, DRW. No.50-XO5I K-X6-0 1) B. Zigong-Chengdu, Zigong-Chongqing and Chongqing-Changshou 500 kV Transmission Line Corridors and Longwang, Zigong Honggou, and Chargshou 500 kV Substations Site Location (FIGURE B, DRW. No. 50-X05 1K-X6-02) ANNEXES A. Ecological Resource (Nature Reserves) B. The Polity and Rules for the Administration of Forest Reserves Issued by State and Local Government C. Cultural Property D. Special Sections and Its Construction Methods in Er-Zi 500 kV Transmission Line Project E. Brief Introduction to the Environmental Protection Mitigation and Monitoring Departments (SRIEP and SEMC) FIGURES OF ANNEXES 1. Dafengding Nature Reserve Sketch Map (Figure 1) 3 2. Mt. Luoji Nature Reserve Sketch Map (Figure 2) 3. The Special Construction Methods Sketch Map (Figure 3) 4. Cable way Map (Figure 4) 5. The Park of Helicopter and Storage Yard for Er-Zi 5OOkV Transmission Lines (Figure 5) TABLES IN TEXT 1. The Construction Scale of the Initial and the Final Stage of the Transformation Projects 2. Minimum Vertical Distances from Transmission Lines Overhead 3. The Inductive Voltage Permitted Value of wired Telecommunication Devices 4. The Interference Protection Distance of Different Radio Station Classes 5. The Information of Land Taken and Relocation for Substation Projects 6. The Economical and Technical Comparisons of Ertan-Zigong 500 kV Transmission Line Alternatives 7. Relative Electromagnetic Impact Evaluation 8. Relative Impacts of the Three Alternative Aligunents 9. The Estimated Investment Expense of Er-Zi 5OOkV Transmission Line Environmental Impact 10. The Estimated Expenditure of the Environmental Protection MGPrt*_.ing 4 1 Preface 1.1 General In 1976, a report entitled < was submitted by CIGRE No.22 Research Committee. This report pointed out that overhead transmission lines have little effect on the natural environment, because they do not pollute the air, soil or water. Envirormental considerations were incorporated into the selection process for the best route alignment and preliminary design for the 500 kV Ertan transmission and transformation systems. Considerable efforts were made to avoid populated areas, good farmland, industrial facilities, nature reserves, forests, historic landmarks, and scenic areas. The primary effects of trnmission lines on the environment are the steel tower which occupy land and affect the landscape, and the felling trees duning construction. In addition, the corona and electromagnetic field caused by transmission lines may have hannful effects on people, domestic animals and communication lines. On the other hand, the natural environment can have adverse effects on tras=mission line planning, construction, operation and maintenance. Potential adverse effects include ice and snow sticking to the conductors, unfavorable geological conditions, and earthquakes. Three altemative routes were designed and evaluated, and on the basis of environmental and other considerations, the middle altemative was chosen (see Figure A, DRW. No.50-XO5lk-X6-01). The chosen route was judged to have the least enviromnental impact of the three. The project complies with applicable environmental protection requirements. All the environmental protection departnents located along the transmission line route have taken part in the environmental impact preventive research. 1.2 Scope and the Purpose of Environmental Impact Assessment The Ertan hydroelectric power station transmission project include 500 kV transmission lines and 500 kV transformation projects. The transmission line projects include Ertan to Honggou substation near Zigong via Zhaojue (3 x 470 km transmission lines), Honggnu substation to Chenjiaqiao substation near Chongqing (one 162 kan transmission line), Zigong to Longwang substation to the north of Chengdu( 2 x 190 kn transmission lines), Chenjiaqiao substation to Changshou substation near Fuling (one 100 kn transmission line). 500 kV transformation projects include Panzhffihua, Zigong Honggou, Chengdu Longwang, Chongqing Chenjiaqiao substations as well as Zhaojue switching station. Adopted geneal planning for the Ertan 500 kV transmission project, and according to the l locatl condition individual design and construct cvery 500 kV transmission line and substation. Ertaii to Zigong H-onggou 500 kV transmission lincs are the main transmission lines, which will tTansfer the uower generated in Ertan hydroelectric station to the main cities whtich are locat-d in Sichuan basin. The length of the transmission lines from Ezlan hydroelectric power station to Zigong Honggou 500 kV substation is seventy fivc percent of the total transmission line length of the project. Between Ertan and Zigong, the environmental condition is especially complex. The other 500 kV transmission line segments are: Zigong to Chongqing (Chenjiaqiao substation), Zigong to Chengdu (Longwang substation), Chengjiaqiao to Changshou substation, they are all located at the Sichuan basin, where the topographic, geologLcal conditions are relatively good. The Environmental Impact Assessment focuses on the Er-Zi 500 kV transmission lines route altematives (for every route, the assessment corridor of 30 km was considered), and the 500 kV substations and switching station which have been deternined in the feasibility Study of the project In this report, we only provide a map (Figure B, Drawing No. 50-X051k-X6-02) concerning the route alternative alignment of other transmission line segments. The Purposes of the Environmental Assessment Report are to: A. Forecast the short- and long-term adverse environmental impacts of the project; B. Adopt a series of protection measures so as to eliminate or/and minimize the adverse environmental impacts during the construction and operation periods; C. Establish the environmental facilities and carry out environmental monitoring as well as supervise the implementation of protection measures; and D. Calculate the investment needed for environmental protection. 2 Document of Sichuan Environmental Protection Administration Reference No.:Chuan Huan Fa (1994) Kai Zi 038 Re: Review Comments of «c The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report of Ertan Hydroelectric Station Transmission Project> Sichuan Electric Power Administration: Your document named ( Ref. No.:Chuan Dian Chao Zi (1994) 3) has been received. This project is the sub- project of Ertan hydroelectric power station, National Environmental Protection Administration (NEPA) has already entusted Sichuan Environment Protection Administration to approve the ELK report of Ertan hydroelectric power station (Document ref. No.:(86) Huan Jian Zi 016). After the review by the relevant engmeers, the following comments are given: 1. The Ertan transmission line is long, with high voltage and wide impacted area. The selection of the Transmission line route has significant impact on the environment. The selected transmission line routes not only considered the economical factors, but also eliminated the environmental impact to the practical extent, especially worth to mention is that the selected routes avoid natural conservation zone, densely populated regions, so as to minimize the impact. From the view of environmental impact, the selected middle route scheme is feasible. 2. The << Environmental Impact Assessment Report>> compiled by South West Electric Power Design Institute (SWEPDI), Ministry Of Electric Power, relatively completed analyzed the potential environmental impact factors, the corresponding preventive measures are feasible. We agree the analysis opinion of environmental impact factors of the project. 3. The impact of transmission lines of Ertan transmission project on the ecological environment and their potential electromagne Uc radiation are the main environmental problems of the project. 3.1 The middle and west segments of the transmnission line will pass through Da Liang mountainous region, except on Mt Luoji and Dafengding nature reserves, with good vegetation and forest resources, the forest coverage rates of the other parts are low, with weak ecological environment and landslip, mud flow and landslide, etc- unfivorable geological conditions. The construction of transmission lines must avoid passing through forest areas and miniimize the felling of trees to the maximum practical extent, the excavation 4 and the storage of the excavated soil must fully consider the surrounding environmental conditions, it is forbidden to create new landslide, mud flow and landslip risks. 3.2 The west segment (Anning river valley ) and east Min river region, where there are relatively dense human populations, corresponding measures should be adopted to minimize electromagnetic impact on near by residents and animals. Shield nets should be set up in the densely populated areas, the design must strictly follow limited value requirements of transmission line induced current for different distances, so as to ensure the safe operation of the transmission line. 4. Enhance the environmental impact monitoring. Due to the transmission line is long, the electric voltage is high, and the enviromnental condition along the transmission line corridor between Ertan and Honggou are very varied. In order to protect human health and the environment against potential impacts and to collect information about the impact of envizonment on transmission line, it is necessary to establish monitoring facilities along the transmission line routes and designate specified personnel to monitor the items which are mentioned in the <«Environmental hmpact Assessment Report>>, local Electric Power Bureau may be responsible for the monitoring. Sichuan Environmental Protection Administration Feb. 6, 1994 Key Words:Power Transfer, Environmental Analysis, Review Copy: Sichuan Province Planning Commission Sichuan Province Construction Bureau Sichuan Province Territory Bureau SWEPDI, Ministry Of Electric Power 5 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS USED Er-Zi - Ertan-Zigong 500 kV transmission lines ESDD - Equivalent Salt Density Detection SEMC - Sichuan Environr. ent Monitoring Center SEPA - Sichuan Envirommental Protection Administration SEPC - Sichuan Electric Power Company SRIEP - Sichuan Research Institute of Environmental Protection SWEPDI - South-West Electric Power Design Institute 2 Brief Description of the Project 2.1 Project Owner The Owner of Ertan transmission project is Sichuan Electric Power Company (SEPC), Ministry Of Electric Power, PRC. 2.2 Proposed Project Type According to the classification principle of the loan project environmental assessment of the World Bank, the project belongs to class A. 23 The Necessity of the Project and Construction Scale and Schedule This pro3ect is the main transmission line of the Sichuan electric network system and holds a very important position in the system. The Ertan hydroelectric station which is under construction will transfer 3300 MW of electric power to the center of Sichuan basin. The Ertan hydroelectric station is located at the Yalong river, 40 an north of Panzihihua, and 660 km south of Chengdu city. It is the largest hydroelectric station currently under construction in China. Its construction began in September 1991, and the expected test running date of the first unit is June 1998. It wfll be put into commercial operation in October 1998. After evaluation of the <> by the forner Ministry of Energy Power (MOEP), it was decided that the planned 500 kV transmission lines between Ertan and Zigong will be four circuits, three transmission lines will be constructed initially. The construction of the first line is expected to be completed by the end of 1997, of the second by the end of 1998, and of the third by June 1999. In order to distribute the generated electrc power of Ertan power station, five Substations will be constructed at Panzhihua, Zigong Honggou, Chongqing Chenjiaqiao, Changshou, Chengdu Longwang, as well as the Zhaojue 500 kV Switching Station. The inifial total capacity will be 5250 MVA, and the final capacity 7500 MVA. .The construction scale of Substation and Switch-station is listed in table 1. -3 Table I The Construction Scale of the Initial and the Final Stage 500 kV Main 500 kV TIL 220 kV T/L High-Voltage Name Transformer Number Number Reactance (MVA) (MVA) - , ! Ini. ! Fin. Ini. f Fin. I Ini. | Fin. I Ini. Fin.1 IPanzhihua SS 3x250 16x250 I1 (4161 9 1 Y HonggouSS I 3x250 I 6x250 1 7 | 10 J 6 12 1 3X1501 4x150] | Chenjiaqiao SI 6x250 I 6x250 | 3 8 1 12 14 IChangshouSS(3x250 16X250 1 6 J 8 I1 1- 1 ILongwang SS (6x250 6x250 j2 (6-8 1101121 IZhaoiue SW I 1 6 | 8 1 14x1501 4x150J 2.4 Location of the Project The Ertan to Zigong 500 kV transmission lines will across the boundary of the Sichuan basin with the western mountain area and pass through the Liang mountains. The proposed North, Middle, South route schemes will pass through Panzhihua city, Xichang region, Leshan region, Yaan region, Zigong city of Sichuan province and Zhaotong region of Yunnan province. We have determined tiree route schemes along the three parallel roads between Ertan and Zigong. This is shown on the attached drawing (No.50-XO05K-X6-01, Figure 2). According to the decision arising from the feasibility study, the rniddle route is recommended route. 2.5 Introduction to the Project The project is to construct a 500 kV main transmission line to form part of the Sichuan electric network in which it will hold a very important position. Its route will pass through the Liang mountains, as well as other mountainous regions, earthquake zones, and intensive lightning regions. The highest elevation of the line will be 3200 meters, and along the route unfavorable geological conditions will be experienced including areas subject to landslips, landslides, mud flows, and soil erosion. In addition, about 100 km of the transmission line pass through a heavy icing area. In order to obtain reliable data on icing a large scale ice observation station has been established which has already provided ten years of continuous records. Data obtained by the station show that the greatest ice weight that will be experienced is 24 kg/rn (equivalent to an ice thickness of 90 mm). As a result the 4 construction and operating conditions will all be very difficult and of a type which is rarely found in China or elsewhere. Unlike normal transmission line projects the proposed line necessitates that many special technical and economic problems be studied and evaluated. The feasibility study of the project began in December 1990 and has been finished successfully. j 3 Environmental Condition of the Impact Region 3.1 Ertan to Zigong Honggou 500 kV Transmission line 3.1.1 Natural Environment The land around the proposed route can be divided into the eastern and western areas, with the Ming river as the dividing line. The eastern area forms the Sichuan basin and adjacent hilly land, whereas the westem area comprises mountains and plateaux. Of the total length of the transmission line, 80% runs through the mountainous areas, and 20% passes through hilly areas. In the mountainous area, the geological structure is complex, there are areas prone to landslips, mud flows, and soil erosion, and the basic potential earthquake intensity is 9 degrees ( about equivalent to 5 on the Richter scale). This is quite high but there is ample information for the proper design of towers to withstnd such a shock- Between the east and the west extents of the transmission line there significant differences in climate. The western mountainous area, where the Yalong river runs, has a subtropical climate with just a wet and a dty season and subject to a south-west monsoon. The middle section of the line pass through the west Sichuan plateau area which has a plateau climate and great vertical differences: at the higher altitudes, the average temperature is 5 to 10 degree, the minimum temperature is -10 to - 25 degree, and ice is expected between October and March. Road traffic in the region is frequently stopped because of ice and snow. The greatest ice weight observed by the ice observation station is 24 kg/nL The easten section of the line passes through the wet subtropical zone which experiences a south-east monsoon and four seasons including a wet winter, a dry spring, and a hot surnmer. The annual air temperature is 15 to 18 degree, and the minimum air temperature is between -2 and -5 degree. 3.1.2 Ecological Resources In some areas along the route the forests is rich, but most are newly-planted forest Few areas could be termed virgin forest, and the average forest cover is about 30% } in the mountains, and about 10% O in the hills. The main trees include pine, Chinese fir, birch, camphor, cypress etc. Adjacent but some way from the transmission line route itself there are densely-forested mountamous regions where important and threatened species of wildlife can be found such as giant and lesser panda, golden monkey, etc. as well as rare Chinese medicinal plants. Wihin the general area of the transmission line there are two gazetted conservation areas: Dafengding Nature Reserve and Mt. Luoji Nature Reserve. 6 Dafengding is located in the Daliang Mountains in Mabian, Meigu and Lebo counties. At higher altitudes there are bamboo forests which form important panda habitat. The selected transmission line routes avoid any possible impact on this conservation area, by making the minimum distance between the Nature Reserve boundary and the trnsmission line conidors over 5 kmn. Mt Luoji Nature Reserve is about 30 km south of Xichang city, but its area lies within the administrative area of the city, as well as within Dechang county and Puge county. The selected transmission line routes avoid any possible impact on this nature reserve. Detailed information of these two nature reserves is given in Annex A. Along the route, the main crops and other economic plants are potato, buckwheat, coin, and tea in the moutainous area, rice, wheat, cotton, fiber crop, mulberry, sugar cane, tobacco, etc. in the hilly land area. 3.1.3 Social Environment The transmission lines will pass mainly through agricultural regions. During the selection of the route great care was taken to avoid industrial areas. The main socio-cultural impact of the line is its electromagnetic interference with overhead communcation lines. There are a few areas with mineral resources (such as copper, coal, lead, zinc, phosphorus) along the transmission line route but due to their limited extent, they are not exploited. Due to the generaly mountainous terrain, road transport svstems are not well developed. There are, however, main roads and rilroads between Chengdu and Kunmmng, and along the Jinsha river and the Ming river, as well as the airline routes from Xichang, Yibin to major cities of Sichuan province. Except for a few factories in villages and small towns, industry and agriculture in the western mountainous areas are poorly developed. The population density in the area is about 60 people per square kilometer. In the eastern hilly area, the population density is about 625 people per square kilometer, with relatively developed agriculture and industry. 3.1.4 Quality of Life Since 1979, China's economy has developed rapidly and the people's quality of life has greatly improved. In the mountainous region, the problems of obtaining 7 adequate food and clothing are already solved. National policies for the development of agriculture as the foundation of the economy, according to the local resource conditions, determined the long term industrial and agricultural development plans. The development of highways has already been given a very high priority. The abundant water resources have been utilized for small-scale hydroelectric power stations to improve the local people's quality of life. Cultural; physical and health facilities are improving. For example, in and around urban areas 95% of school-age children attend elementary and middle school. The socioeconomic conditions of the eastem hilly region have developed faster than in the western region. With the improvement of the people's quality of life, local tourism resources have been developed. For example, along the transmission line, the tourist resources include Qiong Hai lake, Lu mountain in Xichang city, the glacier relic of Luoji mountain, the Zigong dinosaur fossils, and Dafengding Nature Reserve. 3.2 500 kV Substations and Switching Station 3.2.1 Zhaojue 500 kV Switching Station Some 5 km to the north-east of Zhaojue town, and 0.5 km from Puti village is the switching station. The elevation here is 2075-2100 meters. Since the west side of the switching station is close to the Zhaojue-Puxiong road, the communi- cations and transportation conditions are good. Around the site area are sparsely scattered vegetation and arable land. There are no unfavorable geological conditions such as landslides or faults across the site, so the site foundation is relatively stable. The basic potential earhiquake intensity is 7 degrees. There is no source of in dustrial pollution nearby and so the area has good atmospheric environmental quality. Zhaojue is an agricultural county, with very few industrial facilities. Apart from the air and water immediately around the industrial plants the environmental quality is good. The Zhaojue river water quality index and the well water quality index are all widtin the potable water national standards of China. The Zhaojue river water quality is shown below . (Source: Zhaojue county epidemic prevetion station) Item Value Unit pH value 7.1 - 7.8 Dissolved oxygen 7.3 - 20.1 mg/i Chemical oxygen demand 7.11 - 8.43 mg/I Chlorine 0.60- 0.85 mg/I 8S' Iron 0.04 - 0.06 mg/i Total hardness 6.22 -- 75.30 mg/i Arsenic < 0.001 mgll Chromium < 0.001 mg/l Mercuy < 0.001 mg/i Sulfide No The likelihood of drought at the site section of Zhaojue river is 97 percent, the water flow at the section is 0.5 cubic meter per second. Because of the wide bed of the river, wells can be dug on the river beach to satisfy the need of station operation and the staff living there (about 25 tons per hour). The site occupies a total of 4.94 ha, and there is no problem of relocating any residents. 3.2.2 Panzhihua 500 kV Substation Some 15 kan south-east of Panzhihua city center is the substation. About 3 km to the north of the site is Jinjiang train station. The terrain slopes from west to cast, gently sloping down to the Jinsha river, the elevation difference between the ground and the river is about 300 meters. The elevation of substation site is 1288.5-1345 meters, with a relative elevation difference of 66 meters. No problematic geological conditions, such as landslides and paraclase, exist in the site area, and so the site foundation is basically stable. The basic potential earthquake intensity is 7 degrees. Panzhihua city is a medium-sized industrial city, with the main industries being mine exploitation, steel and smelting manufactung. The atmospheric pollution of Panzhihua city is serious, with the main pollutants being suspended particles containing various heavy metals. In the 1982, the total annual discharged amounts of dust, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides were 95,300 tons, 35,500 tons, 72,800 tons, 10,200 tons. The pollutants level at Huomeikou, Luoluopin, and Midi districts are especially serious, but the substation is located in the relatively clean Jinjiang district, far away from the pollution resources. The Jinsha river is the main source of water for Panzhihua city but it also receives most of the domestic and industrial waste water. Water quality monitoring of the Jinsha river shows that in the section flowing through Panzhihua, the suspended solid, colitic bacteria, total bacteria, and iron content all exceed their specified stizidard. The pH value, ammonia, and nitrogen contents occasionally exceed the standard. 9 The environmental protection bureau of Panzhihua city is improving the Jinsha river water quality. It is proposed that the water for the operation and staff needs of the substation will be taken from the Dukou steel plant, which is 3 kilometers away from the site. The site occupies a total area of 9.97 ha, 6.98 ha of which is dry land,' and 2.99 rice land. Two households currently within the site location will be removed (252 square meters). 3.2.3 Zigong Honggou 500 kV Substation The substation site is located in the Tianpu village of Fushun county, south of the site is the Zifu road (from Zigong city to Fushun county), and to the east, the Yuantan to Washi road pazses nearby. The communications and transportation conditions are good. The site terrain is hilly with five small hills, their natural slope is less than 10 degrees and the maximum elevation difference is about 30 meters. The site is located in farm land, 70% of which is dry-land, the remaining 30% is irrigated. The site is located upwind of Yuantan town and is about 10 km away from the area of chemical industries. The site is located in a slightly polluted area. The Fuxi river water is polluted by industrial waste water and domestic waste which are discharged upstream, and the former contains various poisonous metals and cannot be used as irrigation or potable water. The water used for the substation will be supplied from the Yuantan water treatment plant. The site occupies a total area of 8.22 ha, 6.58 ha of which is dry land, and 1.64 is irrigated land. Two households within the site location will be resettled (325 square meters). 3.2.4 Chengdu Longwang 500 kV Substation The site is located 2 km from Longwang town of Qingbaijiang district, and 31 km from Chengdu city. Two country roads run 600 meters away on two sides of the site. The transportation conditions are good. The site is on a small hill, the relative elevation difference between its summit and base is only about 20 meters. There are no unfavorable geological phenomena associated with the site, and so the site foundation is stable. The basic potential earthquake intensity is 7 degrees. The site is located in an agricultural region, most of which is poor-quality dry fields. The main crops include rice, wheat, corn, rape, etc. There are no sources of pollution nearby, and the atmospheric environmental quality is good. 10 The substation is located in an area of poor water availability. It is proposed to pump groundwater from a location near the Xi river as the reliable water resource for the substationL The site occupies a total area of 10.61 ha. Within the site area, one household will be resettled (126 square meters). 3.2.5 Chongqing Chenjiaqiao 500 kV substation The site is located at the Yupin, Chengjiaqiao town region of Ba county and is about 50 Km away from Chongqing city. To the west of the site is the Longfong river, to the east is Jiaoding mountain. The Xiyong train station is 6 kan away from Chenjiaqiao town. There is a road which connects the site with the Chengdu- Chongqing highway, and so the communications and transportation conditions are very good. The substation site is situated in hilly land below a mountain. Gentle slopes and shallow valleys are crisscrossed with weathered geomorphic features, and there is a natural gully nnming through the site. The geological structure of the site is simple with no fault, no landslide, or other unfavorable geological phenomena. The site foundation is therefore stable. The basic earthquake intensity is 6 degrees. West of the site is the Longfeng river, the flow in which is not reliable. Water will be pumped from a relaibale phreatic source 3 km to the west of the substation, the discharge from which can meet the operation, living and fire fighting requirements of the substation. Apart from a few small-scale plants in Chenjiaqiao, there are no important sources of mdustrial pollution. The environmental quality here is good. The site occupies a total area of 11.14 ha, 7.8 ha of which is dry land, 3.34 is irrigated land. One household within the site location will be resettled (205 square meters). 3.2.6 Changshou 500 kV Substation This substation lies 14 km to the north of Changshou county, near Weixin village, Zbitong town. Vilage roads pass to the east and south-west sides of the site, and so the transportation conditions are good. The site is located in hilly land. The -elevation of the north-west side is higher than that of the souti-east side. The average slope is 6 degrees. The basic potential earthquake intensity is less than 6 degrees. Most of the land around the site is dry and irrigated land, the main crops being corn, potato, and rice. The site occupies a total area of 12 ha, 8.5 ha of 11 which is dry land, and 3.5 ha is irrigated rice fields. Witiin the site area, three houses will be removed (532 square meters). There are no sources of pollution around the site. 12 4 Environmental Impact Forecast, and Control and Treatment Measures 4.1 Transmission Line Impacts on Environment and Preventive Measures 4.1.1 Impact on the Forest and Economic Trees Chinese regulations stipulate that when transmission lines pass through forest land, a cleared right-of-way must be established with a width at least twice the width of outer phase spacing plus the height of the trees. The felling of trees can disturb the ecological conditions of an area and may cause soil erosion. Protection of forest reserves in China is an important policy (see Annex B «c The Policy and Rules for the Management of Forest Reserves Issued by State and Local Government»>). Transmission lines are not permitted to pass through virgin forest or areas of economic trees, or through scenic locations or nature resenres, unless there is no other alternative. If the transmission lines do pass through forest land, the height of the trasmission line across the forest land is generally increased, and the felling of trees is minimized. After comparison, the delta configuration steel tower can reduce the width of transmission line conidor by 13 to 15 m compare with that of flat configuration steel tower, so in te forest and densely-populated built-up areas, the delta configuration steel tower will be adopted, because it can decrease by 20-30% the forest feUled and the buildings removed. In the mountainous area, if the net height of the conductors above the valley trees is over 30 m, the trees need not be cut. 4.1.2 Potential Impact on Industrial Facilities and Mineral Resources Chinese design criteria stipulate the safe distance between transmission lines and combustive, explosive and other dangerous facilities, as well as from factory buildings, storehouse, etc. For example,the minimum safe fire protection distance between transmission lines and any first class dangerous workshop, store house, and combustible material stockyards, as well as combustible gas storage tanks can not be less than 1.5 times the height of the tower. Furthermore, there are basic requirements for the transmission line crossing or running along a highway, railway, river, telecommunication line, power line, etc. These requirements must be followed in designL The minimum vertical distances between the transmission line and various facilities under the line are shown in the following table. 13 Table 2 Minimum Vertical Distances from Transmission Lines Overhead Permitted Facility Minimum Vertical Distance The Ground Surface of Non-esidential Areas 12 The Ground Surface of Residential Areas 14 The Ground Surface of Areas that Rarely Have People Passing Through 9 Frequently Used Railway Track 14 In Frequently Used Railway Track 13 Highway 14 Road 12 Navigable River, The Maximum Flood Level in 5 Years 1 0 The Masdicad of Ship 6 Non-navigated River, The Maximum Flood Level 7 The C-round Wire of Power Line 6 The Top of Tower of Power Line B.5 I-II Communication Line 8.5 Ropeway _.5 Source: Technical Design Rules for Overhead Transmission Lines, Issued by the Ministy Of Energy ,PRC. Near the transmission line corridor there are mine resjurces. The route should also avoid passing over mineral deposits that potentially could be exploited . If it is not possible, approval must-be sought from the local authorities. Where transmission line runs parallel to a telecommunication line, the electromagnetic field of the extra-high voltage transmission line can induce a high potential. In order to avoid possible accidents during the construction and maintenance of parallel lines, protectors and grounding devices should be installed. 4.1.3 Impact on Wildlife and Conservation Areas In order to protect rare and endangered species of wildlife, China has establshed, and is still establishing, a variety of conservation areas. For example, in the densely forested region between Meigu county and Mabian county, is the Dafengding Nature Reserve established to protect vanous species of threatened species, including the giant panda. Based on the national environmental protection policy, the alignment of the transmission line was designed to avoid natrwe reserve boundaries by a minimum of five kilometers. The elevation of the line at this point 14 is lower han the favored habitat for the threatened species. The minimum distance from the transmission line to the bamboo forests occupied by the giant panda is over 20 kdlometers. By running over rivers, there will be no impact on the aquatic resources. The selected transmission line routes have already avoid the possible impact on the nature reserves within the study area (See Annex A). 4.1A Impact on the Surrounding Scenery and Anesthetics Transmission line towers have visual impacts on surrounding landscapes. It is necessary to carefully consider the harmony between the transmission line and surrounding environment. Based on foreign experience, the following measures have been considered: A. Select a route which will have the least effect on the natural environment (for example, the transmission lines will not be permitted to pass through forest), and avoid installing towers on mountain ridges; B. avoid passing through natural scenic areas and areas with cultural and anesthetic values (See Annex C); C. provide natural screning or concealment using natural topography; D. conceal the towers by painting them to blend into the background and to reduce reflectivity; and E. select the tower with a handsome appearance. 4.1.5 Construction Impacts Project construction will require land acquisition, tree felling, loss of crops, and earth excavation. In addition, blasting will cause loud noise, which will have adverse effects on the residents and any wildlife near the construction site. According to the construcfion experience, in order to minimi e the construction iInpact on the environment, the following measures should be taken: A. Adopt the stdnging of conductors under tension and minimize the width of the construction passway to less than 4 meters; B. adopt small-piece erection techniques; 15 C. if it can meet the requirements of the construction schedule, line stringing should be done after the fall harvest in agricultural areas in order to minimize the damage to the crops; D. adopt compression method to connect conductors, and use noise control measures during the excavation. Excavated soil will be stocked at specified locations. E. adopt aerial cable ways to transport the parts, if possible; F. rent existing houses for construction offices rather than building temporary facilities; G. using helicopter, flying machines (e.g. model airplanes, airships, etc.) in those sections that are in forest and have difficult access (See Annex D). 4.1.6 Occupation of Farmland In China, the transmission line corridor does not require the expropriation of land, only the foundation of tower and newly- built and extended roads will require land acquisition. Thus, the land under the lines between the tower will sfll belong to the onginal owner, and the plating of the crops will not be affected. The expropriation of the land will follow the corresponding Chinese policy, the compensation fee being about 10 to 20 times that of the value of the crops. This policy is important because it minimizes the area of farmland lost to the project. The selected transnmssion line route should avoid impacts to farmland to the maximum practical extent; 80% of the transmission line runs through mountainous country, where uncultivated land comprises about 60% of the area, only 5% is cultivated, and forest land comprises 35%. 4.1.7 Relocation In the mountainous areas the human population is sparsely distributed, but it becomes dense in the hilly areas. The transmission alignments were planned so as to avoid the necessity of displacing houses to the maximum extent practical. The principles for the displacement of house are as following: A. the route of the transmission line will not pass through residential regions; B. relocation problems will be avoided to the maximum practical extent The houses which will impact the safety of the constuction and opeation of the 16 transmission line, before they will be displaced, must get the agreement of the owners and the local government; C. the compensation fee is based on the square meter of the house and the price of rebuilding a new house provided by the local government, D. there are clear differences between the resettlement requirements of a ransnission line and of a hydroelectric power station with a reservoir. For example, in the Ertan-Zigong segment of this project the impacted individuals number less than 2.4 per kilometer and relocation is still within the original village. According to the policies of China, based on the principle of avoiding impacts from the transmission line, the displaced house awner can.select a location for the new house within his original village. Normally, the new house is only about 100 to 1,000 meters away from the original position. Alternative housing should be completed before relocation is needed. The compensation fee also include the house foundation fee and the fee needed for the conversion of the original house foundation to ihe farmland. Due to this favorable policy, house owners are normally willing to move to a new location and to build a new house. E. Transission Line Relocation The criteria for house removal are: A). under a no-wind deviation condition, -the houses that. are within the scope of tansmission line outer phase and those that are within a further five meters on both sides will be removed. B). under a maximum deviation condition, the houses which are within 8.5 meters net distance of the transmission line outer phase will be removed C). outside the outer phase, under a no-wind deviation condition, the houses will be removed where, one meter above the ground, the electrostatic induced electric field intensity is over 4 kV/m. F. Minority Nationality Region Relocation Along Ertan to Zigong 500 kV transmission line, 27Q,akm will pass through Liangshan Yi Nationality Autonomous Region, Zhaojue switch station is also located within the region. This region has relative high density of Yi people, about 60 persons per square kilometer. The houses of Yi people are sparsely scattered. The selection of transmission line route and switch station site is based strictly on the policies of minority nationality, much attentions are paid to protect the culture, local condition and customs of Yi people. The selected transmission line route 17 avoids passing through residential areas of Yi peoplc and the TDt is arrangied to pass through uncultivated land and low-yield land as far as possible. The Ertan transmission project has no Yi people relocation problem. In this project, considerable attention has been paid to avoiding densely populated areas; consequently, the nunber of houses which will be demolished is much less than that of similar projects. For the Ertan-Zigong transmission line segment the estimated average total area of the houses removed for the three circuits is about 32,900 square meters (265 families and 1140 individuals). - - 4.2 Impact of the Environment on the Transmission line 4.2.1 Unfavorable Geologic Conditions The transmission line will pass through mountainous areas where the geological texture is complex. The potential earthquake risks and intensities are high and are a potential threat to the safety of the transmission line. Remote geological sensing techniques have been used, so as to choose the zones of the least unfavorable geological conditions. The calculation of the earthquake loading and tower foundations is based on Chinese civil structure design regulations. In addition, unequaled tower legs and unequaled foundations will be used to niuniize disturbance to the earth surface.To the extent permitted by tower strucualra stability,it is planned that each leg foundation will be get into the existing topography to avoid extensive excavation.The lower portions of the legs of the towers will be adjusted in length to compensate for differences in elevation of the foundations. 4.2.2 High Elevations The elevation of 67% of the transmission line is over 1000 meters, and the highest elevation is over 3200 meters. The higher the elevation, the lower the air density and the absolute humidity, so the discharge voltage of the insulator and the air span decrease. In order to provide the necessary insulation level during standard meteorological conditions, it is necessary to increase the standard insulation to compensate for the conditions. The regulation of the insulation coordination uses a method similar to that of the International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC). The necessary meteorological data will be obtained from the meteorological observation stations, which have been located along the transmission line route. It has been proved that the flash-over voltage of the ice-covered insulator will decrease, but whether the elevation variation has an impact on the flash-over voltage of ice-coveied insulators wil be the subject of further research. is 4.2.3 Heavy Icing -* The transmission line will pass through the Da Liang Mountains where the climate can be extremely cold, and the ice loading of the conductor will be very heavy. The characters of a heavy ice- covered transmission line are higher loads and mateijal waste, as well as higher accident rate, and greater operating and maintenance difficulties. During operation, ice dropping from the lines can cause large vibrations, and the ice may form unevenly. If the line is too thin, it may break or there may be insulator damage and/or frequent tripping problems. On the other hand, if the line is unnecessarily thick there will be a wastage of cable material. It is clearly important to make the right design for the cable, the number of the subconductors, the arrangement of subconductors and tower head, etc. An ice observation station has been established along the transmission line route, and it has provided some valuable data for design models. However, it is still difficult to accurately forecast the ice covering value. Our design and operation experience of Utansmission line in the heavy ice area are to try to avoid the-heavy ice zone, and then to increase the reliability of the tmrnsmission line. Ertan Hydroelectric station has four 500 kV circuits, in order to increase the reliability, there are two tranission line pathways. In order to get the advanced transmission line design technologies concerning the high elevation and heavy ice loading, the project will invite foreign specialists to offer advice. 4.2.4 Air Pollution The contamination flash-over vo]tage of the insulators will decrease- considerably in the heavily-polluted air and induce the tripping of the line. Thus, the number of the insulators will be determined by the leakage distance under the power frequency voltage. Over twenty ESDD observation stations have been established along the transmission line to correctly classity the pollutant classes. 4.2.5 Forest Fire Forest fires could threaten the safety of the transmission line. The potential for fire can be solved by clearing the right of way and creating a safety distance, and it is necessary to enhance the supervision of potential fires along the transmission line, especially in forest areas. The most effective fire preventive measure is to avoid potential fire situations. 19 4.3 Electromagnetic Environmental Compatibility 4.3.1 The Impacts of the Ground Electric Field on People, Domestic Animals and Their Preventive Measures Around the extra-high voltage transmission lines, there exist insensitive electrostatic fields. The electrostatic effect can create either transient electric shocks or stable electric shocks to people and aniimals. Isolated conductive objects located in the electric field will induce an electric charge. If the induction voltage is relatively high, and a person comes into contact with the isolated conductive object, the person will sense a tansient electric shock If the contact time is longer, there will be a stable electric shock. If the discharge current through the human body exceeds the safety limit, the person will suffer the first type electric shock which can be very serious, the second electric shock will cause the victim annoyance, itching etc. To avoid these adverse impacts, Chinese regulations stipulate that it is forbidden for the first type electric shock to occur, and the incidence of the second type electric shock must be reduced. The regulations thus stipulate that, for isolated conductors, such as people, trucks or cars temporarily beneath the transmission line, the induction current must not exceed 5 mA at one meter above the ground, the maximum unperturbed field intensity of a 500 kV transmission line must limited: for highway at 7 kV/m, farmland at 9.5 kVIm, residential areas at 5 kV/in, and at the edge of the route passage at 4 kV/mL The planting of trees or the installation of a shield net near buildings can reduce the strength of the ground electric field. The test and research results of China National Electric Science Research Institute have shown that the area of high electric field beneath delta configuration steel towers is less than tat beneath flat configuration steel towers, such that the area with a 4 kV/m electric field will be reduced by 35%. It is therefore best to use the delta configuration steel towers in the eastem region because of the high human population density. 4.3.2 The Impact of the Transmission line on Wired Communication and Radio Facilities The power frequency of the electric, and magnetic fields of transmission line will interfere with the wired and radio telecommunication facilities and may cause dangerous electromagnetic problems. In addition, the corona and the interval discharge of the transmission line will cause radio interference. hi order to effectively solve the interference problem between the tansmission line and the telecommunication facilities, relevant regulations stipulate hat the impact must be limited to ensure the safe and normal operation of the telecommunication 20 facilities. If the transmission line route cannot be avoided, it is necessary to negotiate with the local telecommunication departnent and adopt acceptable protection devices and measures. The permitted value for various telecommunication devices are listed in table 3 and table 4. Table 3 The Inductive Voltage Permitted Value of Wired Telecommunication Devices Power Wire Situation Comminication Common Ground Noise Device Type Module Voltage Voltage ______________ Voltage (V) (V)., (mV)L Grouding Fault Wire 650 (Transsit) Cable 60% Udct 65% Udct 85% Uact 85% Uact Communication Lines 650 Normal Operation Communication Lines _ _ 4.5 Note: Udct means the direct current test voltage; Uact means the altermative current test voltage. Table 4 The Interference Protection Distance of Different Radio Station Classes .__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ m(M) T1L Voltage Class (500 kV) The Name of Devices Radio Station Class _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~~~I I I In Broadcast Radio Sta. 1200 900 500 Moni.Sta. 2000 1000 500 Short Wave Radio Dire. Sta. 2000 Short Wave Radio Signal RPep. Sta. 1800 1100 700 TV Transfer & Reception Station VHF(I) 500 uHF(li) 400 Warning,Guiding Radar Sta. VHF 1600 UHF 1000 Middle Wave Navigation Sta. 500 Super-Short Wave Dire. Sta. 700 Navigation Beacon Sta 3000 Flying Beacon Sta. 900 Note: When these protection distances cannot be met, based on th actual condition, calculate the safety distance, or determine it by experiments. 21 In China, the radio interference level (RI) of the transmission line corridor has been linited by relevant regulations. It is required that, during sunny days when the frequency is I Hz, the RI value can not exceed 50 dB 20 m from the edge of the transmission line. According to experience, the formula recommended by International Electric Engineering Committee when the elevation reaches 3,200 m, using 4 x 400 square millimeter conductors, the RI value is 40 dB. Due to the importance of the transmission line, construction and operation conditions of the line will- have to be improved. In the mountainous area, the transmission line route is normally along the same route as the overhead telecommunication lines. The consequence is that there exists the potential for interference and electromagnetic danger of the transmission line with the overhead comaunication lines. For the class I telecommunication line from Xichang to Xinshi, the recommended preventive measure against interference is to change the line to the optical fiber cable. For the other Class II and III telecommunication lines, the recommended preventive measures include installation of dischargers, shielding of the line, and partially changing the route of the communication line. 4.3.3 The Impact of Audible Noise and Preventive Measures With the increase of the factories and other kinds of noise sources, more attention has been paid to the noise pollution problem, and noise control has become a very important part of environmental protection in every country. People are aware that the Extra High Voltage (EHV) trnsmission line is a new kdnd of noise source. During the humid weather condition, the collision of water drops may create corona Audible Noise (AN). During humid weather conditions or rainy days, and when the frequency is between 20 Hz to 20 KHz, the AN level is especially high. In order to protect the environment, some countries have limits for ihe audible noise at the edge of the transmission line corridor. For example, in America, the AN level is one of the limiting factors for the design of the EHV transmission lines. In China, however, there not yet any relevant regulations to limit AN. As we know that the AN value is related to the electric field intensity on the surface of transmission line, so careful selection of the arrangement of bundle conductors can reduce the AN value. Calculations show that, in the eastern densely populated area, using 4 x 400 square millimeter conductors during rainy days, the AN value is 49.79 dB at a horizontal distance of 20 meters away from the wire. That is below the control value of 55 dB, which is the stadard limiting value in the United States. In addition, as the distance increases, the AN value 22 decreases, so the influence of the transmission line on residential areas far away from the transmission line is slight. 4.4 Environmental Assessment of 500 kV Substations 4.4.1 Land Occupation, Relocation and Felling of Trees For the transformers to be instaled in substation and switching station no PCB's containing oils will be used.The main environmental impacts of-this project are farm land occupation, relocation, and tree felling during construction. While the project was being designed, efforts were made to select sites on slopes or low productivity farmland, and to make the layout as compact as possible (using Gas Isolate Switchguards(GIS) and hard bus), and to align the tansmission line routes along the exising roads so as to shorten any new roads needed for access to the substation sites. In addition, the selected sites avoided the forest land and dense residential areas, thereby miniMizing the impact on forest land area and the number of houses to be demolished. . The information concerning the land occupation and the number of demolished houses for the construction of the five substations and one switching station are listed in following table 5. Table 5 The Information of Lanal Occupation and Relocation for Substation Projects Land Taken ha) Houses Demolished Item Dry Wet Total Area Household Individual _(sq m) Panzhihua 6.98 2.99 9.97 252 2 6 Honggou 6.58 1.64 8.22 325 2 7 Longwang 10.61 10.61 126 1 4 Chengjiaqiao 7.798 3.342 11.14 205 1 5 Changshou 8.5 3.5 12 532 3 10 Zhaojue 4.94 / 4.94 / I / Total 45.408 11.292 56.88 1440 9 32 23 4.4.2 Construction Impacts and Mitigation Rain water runoff has erosion impact on the bare earth surfaces exposed during construction. It is necessary to do detailed planning for the excavation and refilling in order to control soil erosion. The relevant preventative measures include limiting the slope of excavated ground to less than 6 percent, constructing sewers and retaining wall, as well as planting grass, shrubs and trees on the excavated earth surface, and changing the excavated area into farmland, etc. Suitable preventive measures will be used to control the construction noise, vibration, fly dust and to minimize or/and eliminate their impacts on the surrounding residents and underground water, so as to meet the requirements of environmental protection standards. During the construction phase of the substations and the switching station, there will be temporary enviromnent pollution and destruction. However, with suitable management and control measures, it is possible to eliminate or minimiize the harm to the environment and to limit the environmental impact wiftiin the permitted range. 4.4.3 Operational Impacts and Mitigation Measures 4.4.3.1 Electromagnetic Field Effects 4.43.1.1 Impact on the Wired and Radio Communication Facilities Same as the Extra High Voltage(EHV) transmission line, the 500 kV substation and switching station will also induce an electromagnetic field and a corona discharge, which may interfere with the nearby communication lines and the radio facilities, and cause dangerous electromagnetic effects. In order to prevent these impacts, China has stipulated a series of rules and regulations, such as G136830-80 «The Tolerable Limits of Danger on Telecommunication Lines From Power Lines>> and GB749-87<>, < Electromagnetic Environment Requirements for Aeronautical Radio Navigation Stations>>, etc. These rules and regulations are standards for the design and construction of electric engineering projects. The field test and calculations show that as the distance increases, so the impact of the electromagnetic field will decrease, until, when a certain distance is reached, its impact is judged to be tolerable. As mentioned above, the Chengdu Longwang and Chongqing Chenjiaqiao substations are extension projects, based on the existing 220 kV substations. During their initial design and construction, the possibility of fiurther extending the 500 kV substations has been considered. 24 The sites of the other substation are all located in the farmland areas, far away from the city and town area, the selected site locations have already avoided the electromagnetic impact on wired and radio facilities. 4.4.3.1.2 The Impacts of the Electromagnetic Field on Human As mentioned in section 4.3, electrostatic fields exist around areas of extra high voltage -transmission lines and facilities, and the electrostatic effect has adverse impacts on the operators. In addition, it is necessaxy to prevent the adverse impacts of electrostatic induction on other low voltage facilities. Since there is a close relation between electrostatic effects and electric field- intensity, the ground electric field intensity is used to represent the electrostatic effect level. To minimize the impact of these electrostatic effects, Chinese design regulatons stipulate the following lnimted value for the unpeturbed electric field: The area within the electric distribution facilities: Distribution instllation area: -- - 10k/Mm Operator worldng area: 8 kV/m Substation fence (not in the outgoing direction): 5 kVtm Due to the discharge spark of electrostatic induction, the combustible and explosive outdoor facilities and building should be sited 40 m away from the charged body. 4.4.3.2 Noise Control Noise is harmful to humans, and in today's society more and more attention is paid to noise problems. The design of substations will adopt noise control measures. hI China, it is required that, inside buildings, the continuous noise levels shall not exceed the following values: In the main control building: 55 - 65 dB Office: 60 - 70 dB Duty room in the operation building: 85 - 90 dB The main noise sources in the substation and switching station are electromagnetic noise and corona noise. 25 The preventive measures are: A. during the layout of the substation, the soundproof and silence fumction of building and trees should be considered, so as to reduce the noise effect; B. in the main control building, after the silencing and soundproofing measures, the noise level in the main control room will meet the standard; C. selection of equipment with low noise levels, for example, the reactor and transformer noise level should be below 80 dB and 85 dB; and D. under the highest operation voltage, during the night and in fair weather conditions, there should be no visible corona in the high voltage facilities. 4.4.3.3 Waste Water Treatment The expected waste waters from the substation and switching station comprise production waste water, oily water from the oil system, as well as smaLl amounts of domestic waste discharged from the substationL The design is based on the principles of water saving and comprehensive treatment, and a water management system will be established. Based on the characters of these waste waters, the following treatment measures will be adopted: A. Oily water will be discharged to an emergency oil pond. After separating the oil and water, oil will be recovered and the remaining small amount of water will be discharged. Due to the small amount of water to be discharged, it will not influence the quality of the receiving water body. B. Waste acid water from the accumulators will be teated by neutralization.m a pond for that purpose .The pH value will be adjusted to within the specified range 5.5 to 9.0, then the water will be discharged. C. Domestic waste water will be treated by biochemical disinfection to ensure its quality meets the effluent standard requirements,and then it will be discharged. 4.4.3.4 Greening Design Plants not only can beautif the environment but also can prevent dust, reduce noise levels, as well as minimize radiation. According to the climate and soil conditions, trees will be selected for their suitability, speed of growth, and ability to prevent fire and dust They will be used for the greening of the substation area, 26 and this will create a more beautiful and comfortable working environment for the employees. 4.5 Environmental Impacts on the Substation The environmental impact -factors include air pollution, ice and snow, high elevation, unfavorable geological conditions, earthquakes etc. These factors were fully considered during the site selection. In this project, all substations and switching station are located in light icing areas, the geological investigation results show that the geological conditions of each site are fairly good, and the potential earthquake intensity is only 6 to 7 degrees. Apart from the elevation of the Zhaojue switching station ( 2075 - 2100 meters) and Panzihua substation (1285 - 1345 meters), all the other substations are below 1000 meters. Panzbihua, Longwang and Honggou substations are located near cities, and so it is necessary to protect conductors against pollution. Air pollution and the high elevation are the main environmental impact factors on the project With regard to the problems of corona and insulation, wbich are related to the high elevation, both China and other countries already 'have plenty of experience. This will be used directly in this project. Each substation has and established ESDD observation station, and will provide reliable data for the classification of pollutant levels for insulation design. 27 5 Analysis of Alternatir-es 5.1 Main items of Ertan to Zigong 500 kV transmission lines north, middle and south routes economical and technical comparisons are listed in table 6. Table 6 The Economical and Technical Comparisons of the North, the Middle and the South Route Scheme of Ertan-Zigang 500 kV Transmission Lines East._SSaas Rank Iseis ml. 1aste Sash Basis I. 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(lb. hersts tb. sesirnuwliee at TAL * amuse e tim Ileast tstla tlas 1_ara .Ill he me Ioaci as the dl-n sdu .ll- lh sa w Fres_e tl_jas to aes_- ,last!" I_w Ism a" *_^1r*-*t J _lasaIa Elan . tleilsl.Taejlesna.e.1ksibia sad Ti ble to Zluq N sad me-aiy. taIssia et _ tWryl lU 32 e51 4155 Eliteresas Isle 550 32 "M SI 3 Isrsat tel- yas efli Rs. T eesacasel c1h1I load a pr le th sat at. ta thI ser osfl w tep p*-e*pai n. CUt. .1 28 5.2 Relative electromagnetic impact evaluation is listed in table 7 and the relative impacts of the three altemative alignments is listed in following table 8. Table 7 Relative Electromagnetic Impact Evaluation Item Er-Zi 500 kV T/L Route Scheme North Middle South Wired Communication 3 4 3 Audible Noise 4 4 4 Micro-wave System 3 4 3 Radio TV Transfer StaL 3 4 3 Range Adjust Radio Sta. 3 4 3 Air Navigation Station 3 3 4 Comprehensive Evaluation 3 4 3 Note: Scored on the basis of 5. The higher the score, the better the condition. Table 8 Relative Impacts of the Three Alternative Alignments Item Alternative North Middle South T/L Length (km) i 577 470 530 Forest,Vegetation 33 37 30 Transfic,Communiiication Facilitie! 35 39 26 Topography 34 31 35 Geology 28 41 31 Meteorology,Ice Covering 35 32 33 Population Density 29 40 31 Environmental Impact 32 36 32 rotal 226 256 218 Note: The scores are based on a total of 100 for each aspect. The higher the score, the better the condition. After the above environmental impact analysis and evaluation of the project, it was determined that the middle a alternative has the least enviromnental impact. After the adoption of preventive measuresthe resulting electromagnetic levels can meet the environmental protection requirements. In addition, the expenditure for the mitigation measures is relatively low and technological skills are locally available. 29 6 Mitigation Management and Monitoring Plan 6.1 Offices Responsible for Environmental Protection, Supervision and Monitoring The environmental protection offices responsible for transmission lines, the substations and the switching station are Panzhihua Electric Engineering Bureau, Xichang Electric Engineering Bureau, Yibin Electric Engineering Bureau, Leshan Electric Engineering' Bureau, Zigong Electric Engineering Bureau, Chengdu Electric Engineering Bureau and Chongqing Electric Engineering Bureau. The office responsible for environmental supervision and monitoring for transmission lines, the substations and the switching station is the Sichuan Research Institute of Enviromnental Protection (SRIEP) .The office responsible for envirommental monitoring is the Sichuan Environmental Monitoring Center (SEMC). Detailed information on SRIEP and SEMC can be found in Annex E. Under the direction of SEPA and the environmental protection offices of SEPC, the organizations above will implement the environment protection work and monitoring of the mutual impact between this project and the enviromment, and provide data and reports to SEPA and SEPC. 6.2 Major Monitoring Programs 6.2.1 Meteorological Observations I - The ice observation station was established in 1982; the monitored items include: air temperature, humidity, precipitation quantity, ice covering quantity, inductive current of ice and water, wind velocity, and wind direction.etc. The main purpose is to forecast the ice cover kdng on the line. The observation will continue. 6.2.2 Earthquake Forecasting The earthquake observation stations along the transmission line will forecast any possible earthquake. 6.2.3 The ESDD Observations In order to know the pollutant situation of insulators and to adjust the insulator insulation level of transmission line in due time, 20 Equivalent Salt Density Detection (ESDD) observation stations have been establishedl 30 6.2.4 Health and Sanitation Monitoring By uilizing local quarantine facilities, health checks will be carried out. During the construcfion period, periodic health checks will be carried out on the technicians and workers. 6.2.5 Vegetation, Wildlife and Fish Monitoring The environmmental protection facility will monitor the condition of the vegetation, wildlife, and fish along the tnsmission alignment in order to identify potential problemsthus protect the environment from unnecessary damage. 6.2.6 Electromagnetic-Environmental Compatibility Monitoring Monitor the ground electric field, radio interference, radio signal field intensity, and corona audible noise. 31 7 Estimated Expenditures for Environmental Protected Mitigation and Monitoring Estimated expenditures for Er-Zi 500kV transmission line environmental protection mitigation and monitoring are given in the following tables: 7.1 Estimated investment for transmission line environmental protection is listed in table 9. Table 9 The Estimated Investment Expense of Er-Zi SOOkV Transmission Line Environmental Impact (Million Yuan,RMB) ' Itemn Route Scheme North Middle South Trces Felling 4.017 2.317 3.365 Land Expropriation 1.443 1.175 1.325 Crops Compensation 1.518 1.059 1.255 Resident Relocation 2.833 2.307 2.602 Foundation Treatment 0.236 0.192 0.217 Increasing Height of Tower Due to the Trees 0.492 0.40 0.452 Tower Reinforcement Due to the Heavy Ice 36.932 34.697 81.439 Communication Facilities 41.634 26654 28.734 Total Total Length 89.105 68.801 119.389 Per Kilomrter 0.1544 0.1464 0.2253 7.2 The estimated expenditure for the environmental protection mitigation and monitoring is listed in table 10. 7.3 The investment for the substations environmental protection and monitoring will be calculated at the preliminary design stage. 32 Table 10 The Estimated Expenditure of the Envirommental Protection Monitoring for Er-Zi 500kV T/L Item Estimated Expenditure (10,000 Yuan, RMB) Meteorological Observation 15 Earthquake Observation 5 Salt Density Observation of Insulator 23 Human Health Monitoring 10 Vegetation, Wildlife, and Fish MonitoTing 5 Electromagnetic Environmental Compatibility Monitoring 20 Total 78 33 8 Pubic Participation The recommend route is the middle route,which will pass through eleven counties, the documents expropriting land have approved by the local governments, the route corridor marked on the map. The selected substation and switching station sites have already gotten the agreement of the local govenmuents and the correspond enviromental protection departments, they have issued the written agreement docunent. 34 9 Conclusions On the basis of the environmental impact analysis and evaluation of the project, it was determined that the recommended alterative has the least environmental impact After the adoption of preventive measures ,the resulting electromagnetic levels can meet the environmental protection requirements. Ih addition ,the expenditure for the mitigation measures is relatively low and technological skills are locally available. The project thus has no serious impact on the surrounding environment. The high elevation and heavy ice loading of the line are important characteristics of the project Ice preventive measures and electromagnetic considerations will be comprehensively studied as the project design stage continues. Potential danger and influence problem of transmission line with the overhead communication line, when they are at the same way as the route corridor will be solved by using the optical fiber cable. 35 10 List of Prepares Wu Huaneng Senior Engineer, Environmental Protection Department, South West Electric Power Design Institute (EPD/SWEPDI) Lu Chuan Engineer, EPD/SWEPDI Liu Mingrong Engineer, EPDISWEPDI Le An ding Senior Transmission Engineer, Transmission Department (TD/SWEPDI) and other staff members of SWEPDI and SEPC 3. 36j 'I. I =.,s..- ,$ ' X~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- sL \Se~~~~~~~~~~k,\j . ~~ N S..-~O N It ¼~~~ Vt N 37 / ~~~7/ s \ ' ' ,, - ' 1"dj i It : . 541TST ELECTRIC-MVER DESN vsx > | ^ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ' >1.IST. RY OF E^. LM WyECTRIC POlicR iliX-5i' \~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~li \ \,t - ;> ....**h _AC __H ; ' ) " t ptv * ' {.; \, rs. /.-a ===== ~\SX .- .,,; *--J t4rJC* Fr.t. B ~~~~-Vp 7V V IL; 40 N 41w- PA? ik NA 4' J]% To- Me It-I LA A tc O ga -At r. W I ;q, \0 I I-' -4 1 Si I ba K -M i I I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ; . v 6 >>,gst grF '- \ * 6~~~~~~~00 kv TraLBDSSIe LiAG Corridor IPM CE~~~~~~~~~~~~ LAK -' ¾ pJ tdjz. -. I.!U 4I .e .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~* 1 ~9 §S5 i * LI. lIEUX f-h6 1X-2 _ ~)% ,RtQ jjsb¾~A \~$R40 ANNEX A Ecological Resources (Nature Reserves) I Dafengding Nature Reserve 1.1 General Description Dafengding nature reserve is located in the Daliang mountains, within the boundary of both Mabian and Meigu counties, in southwest Sichuan province. It covers an area of 61,864 ha, and was established to protect important and threatened species such as giant panda, golden monkey, talin, and dove tree. The elevation of the middle part of the reserve is 3,500 to 4,000 m, the highest elevation is 4042 m, and it slopes down to the east and west. The relative elevation difference is over 2,000 m, and most of the slopes are over 38 degrees. The climate belongs to the subtropical zone with a south-west monsoon, characterized by humid and warm weather conditions as well as abundant rain. As a result the plant growing season is long. There are great differences in climate according to alfitude. Within the reserve, the distribution of the natural vegetation types also changes with altitude. Below 1,800 m there is evergreen broadleaf forest; between 1,800 to 2,200 m one finds mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forest; from 2,200 to 2,500 m on finds mixed coniferous and broadleaf forest, while under the trees there grow bamboos; between 2,500 to 3,500 m there is a subalpine coniferous flora with an undergrowth of bamboo and a variety of azalea; over 3500 m there are dwarf alpine plants. The reserve has many interesting species of wildlife such as the giant panda, golden monkey, takin, macaques, lesser panda, Sichuan partidge etc. According to the historicai record, there were tigers here but since the 1960s, the tracks of the tiger have not been found. According to studies of the giant panda in 1987, it lives in the higher elevations in the reserve where there is bamboo forest. 1.2 Administration Agency The No.256 document (1979) of State Council and Sichuan province government (1979) No. 34 document established Dafengding nature reserve. Because it is located within the boundary of two counties of Meigu and Mabian, there are two administration stations and theze are 8 and 15 persons working there respectively. The administration stations are under the direction of Sichuan province and county governments. In addition, several special administration stations and one observation station are established in Yonghong, Tiejue, Dayanzhi, Beijiawan, the staff of which monitor the 41 ANNEX A reserve, checking the forest and giant panda and preventing the illegal activities. The plani of investment due to the added traffic and tools and fire observation tower has been included in the 1994 financial budget. 1.3 The Socioeconomic and Traffic Situations Around the boundary of the Dafengding nature reserve, there have two districts (Dayuanzhi and Wahou), seven small towns, fifty-one villages, with 3,057 families and 17,440 people. The average land owned per person is 0.12 ha, the local economy is under developed, and the average personal income is low. The nature reserve is to stay in its virgin state. Inside it there are no roads, and unauthorized persons are forbidden to entcr it; outside the reserve, to the north- west side is the road from Meigu county to Dawan (via Wahou), to the east is the road from Mabian to Yonghong village, to the north-east is the road from Mabian county to Sanhekou (via Laishanpin), to the south is the main road from Xichang city to Yibin city. 1.4 The Relation Between Transmission line and the Nature Reserve According to the opinion of foreign and domestic specialists, four circuits of the Ertan to Zigong 500 kV transmission line will have two corridors.The location of the corridors and routes is indicated in the attached Figure 1. In order to minimize the impact on the environment and to make construction convenient and as efficient as possible, much of the selected route is along existing roads. From the Meigno to Zigong, along the Xichang to Yibin main road, defined the Huangmaogeng to Pingshan corridor, this corridor will across Daliang mountains, with heavy ice coverage and long ice zone, however, the route distance is short. Along the Meigu (via Wahou) to Mabian county road, defined Wahou corridor, which avoids passing the main peak of the Daliang mountains, the elevation is relative low; along the route, there is no extra-heavy ice coverage zone and the heavy ice coverage distance is short. The elevation of the selected transmission line route is lower than that of Dafengding Nature Reserve, and the minimm distance between the boundary of the nature reserve to the transmission line route is 5 km. Form Dawan to Laishanping section (about 10 km, Wahou corridor), there is no road, but a mountain path. According to the investigation, to improve the traffic condition of the Yi nationality region, the local govemment has planued to widen and consolidate the Dawan to Laishanpin mountain path into road. 2 Mt. Luoji Nature Reserve 42 ANNEX A 2.1 General Description Mt. Luoji Nature Reserve is located within the boundaries of Xichang city, Dechang county and Puge county, and is about 30 kn from the south side of Xichang city. It covers an area of 20,000 ha, the forest coverage rate is 52%/, about one-third of which is fir forest which covers about 6,840 ha The protected objects here are the forest ecosystem, wildlife and plant resources, and the trail of an ancient glacier as well as glacial landforms. The summit of Mt. Luoji is 4,359 m. To the west is the Anning valley (elevation 1,200 m), while to the east is the Qionghai-Puge valley (elevation 1500 m). The mountain chain runs north- south, with the north higher than the south. The gradient of the eastern slopes is steeper than the west slopes. The nature reserve itself is located around the main peak with its boundary over 2800 m, as indicated at the attached Figure 2. Mt. Luoji forest also belongs to the subtropical zone evergreen broadleaf forest. Below 1600 m is the suhftropical zone with sparsely-distributed trees but widespread cultivation of various crops; between 1600 and 2600 m, the forest is dominated by Yunnan pine, Yunnan camphor and other evergreen broadleaf frees; between 2600 to 3300 m, there are deciduous trees; above 3300 m the frees are typical of cold zone vegetation. Within the reserve there are over 200 species of higher plants, among them more than 30 species given national protection, and this is 34% of the total protected plants of Sichuan province. About 30 types of azalea grow at 1500 to 4000 mn The reserve has rich wildlife resources, with national level protected wild animals including the macaques monkey and lesser panda. 2.2 Administration Agency Document (86) No.03 issued by Liangshan Yi Nationality Autonomous Region Govermmental determined to establish Mt Luoji Natural Reserve, which is an autonomous region level nature reserve. One nature reserve administration department has been established, and 15 persons work for it. 2.3 Traffic Situation To the west of Mt. Luoji there is a road from Sichuan to Yunnan (National Highway No. 108) and a railway from Chengdu to Kunming, while to the east is die Xichang to Puge road. There is one small pat led to the Baibaiding (2800 m), and from Baibaiding one small mountain path leads to the sumuit of Mt. Luoji. 2.4 The Relation Between Transmission line and the Nature Reserve 43 ANNEX A Tlhe selected four circuits of Ertan to Zigong 500 kV transmission line avoid going directly through this region (see attached Figure 2). Among the two cornidor, the Xichang corridor goes along the Anning river valley, next to the Chengdu-Kunming railway and national highway No.108, while the Puge corridor. crosses the southern part of the Luoji mountains at the Haikou grazing land, 10 km away from the southem end of the nature reserve. Both of the corridors have avoided impacts on the nature reserve. Most sections of the two corridors go along the existing roads. Only along the Puge corridor, for a distance of only about 10 kn across the mountains, is there no road which can be used. During the construction of this section, helicopters and cableways will be used, so as to minimize the impact on the natural environment. 3 The Opinion of Environmental Protection Department In the selection of the route of transmission lines, much attention were paid to avoid Dafengding and Mt. Luoji nature reserves, so there is no effect on the ecological resource within these two nature reserves. The National Environmental Protection Admiistration (NEPA) has already entrusted Sichuan Environmental Protection Administration to review the ELA report of this project and the approval document Chuan Hun Fa (1994) Kai Zi 038 dated February 6 1994 has confirmed that this project meets the requirements of the environmental protection deparlment 44 ANNEX B The Policy and Rules for the Administrat on of Forest Reserves Issued by State and Local Government The protection of forest reserves is one of the most important environmental protection policies in China. Both the central and local Government have made policies and rules to administer forest reserves. To implement these policies and laws, pmtect natural reserves, and reduce tree felling effective measures have been adopted to avoid the impacts on forest during the design of the transmission line and substations. In addition to this, the delta configuration tower is selected to reduce the width of row, and a higher tower is selected to cross some trees etc. During the construction and operation of the project, the impact on forest and other natural reserves, cultural reserve will be reduced to the minimium The felling of trees during construction will be done according to the relevant government policy, following the relevant procedures and paying the appropriate compensation fee. The following list is some relevant policies and documents issued by Central or Local Govenment for the administration of forest reserves, felling trees and clearing vegetation. 1. Chapter Two, Clause Fifteen of the «c The Law of Forestry of The People's - Republic of China>> (which was issued in 09120/1984 by the State Council) stipulates that carrying out survey and design, building facility of project, mining mineral resources etc. should not occupy forest land or, if it has to, to occupy it to the minimum extent; provide the occupancy or requisition of the forest land isn't avoiding, the relevant unit should implement the relevant laws. 2. Clause nine of the «c By-laws of the Law of Forestry of The People's Republic of China >»' (which was issued in 05\10\1986 by State Ministry of Forestry ) have clearly stipulated that occupying of state own forest land due to survey and design etc.,the unit that occupy the forest land should compensation the actual loss to the forestry management ; requisition or occupying forest land of collective ownership, the unit of requisition or occupying should implement the state rules of land requisition. 3. Clause eight of «c Sichuan Province Felling Forest Administration Implement Method>> (which was issued in 04\20\1987 by the Forestry Bureau of Sichuan province) clearly-stipulated that if few trees should be fell due to survey, design and building facility of project, it should have the approval document of relevant administration, the promised by the forestry administration bureau of county level or above, and should have the promised certificate of felling trees, also a agreement with the owner of forest should be made by the construction company for the compensation of the loss and etc., the felling should following the promised certificate. 45 ANNEX B 4. In <«The Temporary Rutles of Sichuan Province for the Forest and Crop Recover Fee, the Forest Land and Plant Compensation Fee >> ( No. 4 issued by Sichuan Province Price Administration in 1993 ), it is stipulated the relevant rules and standard for the forest and crop recover fee, the forest land and plant compensation fee. The land requisition or occupant should implement it I4 46i ANNEX C Cultural Property The feasibility study of Ertan to Zigong 500 kV transmission line proposed three alternative routes, and the EPPEI has approved the recommend middle route scheme (including two small routes). The cultural and scenic spots and historical sites within the stadied scope of every route scheme were indicated on EIA attached drawing FIGURE A (DRW. No. 50-X043K-XO1-01). Here, a brief description is given of cultural and scenic spots and historical sites which are located within the approved route scheme (middle route scheme) and their relation to the transmission lines. 1 Within the study scope, cultural and scenic spots and historical sites are mainly located inside Xichang city and Zigong city. 1.1 Xichang City Xichang city is located in the south-west of Sichuan province, which is the political and cultural center of Liangshan Yi nationality autonomous region. Qiong lake, Lu mountain and Luoji mountain are the main scenic spots in Xichang region. 3 km to the south-east of Xichang city is Qiong lake, which is the second largest lake in Sichuan province. It is a typical earth subsidence lake; its distance from south to north is 11.5 kin, from east to west is 5.5. km, and the total area is 31 square kdlometers. Surrounded by mountain and dense forest, Qiong lake has rich aquatic resources, and is a ideal place for wind- surfing, swimming, rowing boats and fishing. Lu mountain is located at western shore of Qiong lake, the elevation of its main peak is 2,317 mi, 800 m above the lake water surface. Growing on it are some evergreen trees such as Han Dynasty (206 BC) cypress, fir etc. Guangfu temple and other 15 temples, which have been built since the Tang Dynasty (AD 618), are located there. There are many historical cultural relics, such as poems, inscriptions, carvings and hanging bells of Qing Dynasty. The collection of stone tablets located at the rear of Guangfii temple is a unique record of earthquakes which occurred in history. An historical museum about the Yi nafionality is located at the foot of Lu mountain 30 km to the south of Xichang city is Mt. Luoji nature reserve which is a beautifl scenic spot. Its 72 peaks, colorful lake, hot spring and ancient glacier trail attract many tourists. 1.2 Zigong City Zigong city is the so-called " Salt City", located on the banks of the Fuxin river, in the southern part of Sichuan basin. Zigong well salt mines were begun 47 ANNEX C during the Eastem Han Dynasty, and since the Tang and Song Dynasties, Zigong has been one of the most important salt production areas of Sichuan province. Zigong has developed into one of the most iinportant chemical industry bases in China. In 1979, many dinosaur fossils were found in Zigong, which won the area an important place in the world scientific and technological circles. The Zigong Salt Museum and Dinosaur Museum attract many tourists from China and overseas. 2 Relation between the Transmission line and Cultural Property, Scenic Spots and Historical Sites The towers and other components of transmission line have a degree of impact on the landscape, so the avoidance of the transrnission line going through natural scenic spots and cultural relics is an important principle in selecting the transmission line route. The selected transmission line route crosses mountains 15 kn to the south of Xichang city, and utilizes the natural topography as a protective screen. Zigong Honggou 500 kV substation is located at Yantan town, which is 12 km away from Zigong city. The transmission line enter Honggou substation from the southwest It has no impact on the scenic spots and historical sites of Zigong city. 48 ANNEX C &~~tiki4ttt~~J~A6~JiC AA*lt4] %~*ggKY #A*44A1,k *W4 74~~~~~~~~~~. -T- e=V5 OA l-K-P* E - )i- AS a Ea: ChZOOL.335.OO0.8 49 ANNEX C Document of Sichuan Cultural Department Reference No.: Sichuan cultural relic (1994) No. 15 Re: Review comments of " the Letter for Cultural Property Impact Report of Ertan 500kV Transmission Project" Sichuan Electric Power Administration: Your document named " the letter for Cultural Property Inpact Report of Ertan 500kV Transmission Project " ( Ref No.: Sichuan EHV (1994) No. 10 ) as well as Attachment < eXr fl c1e4 A 04 W s3 $4 ,o- La' t , @ t- *X tS -'g SW i 0< r $ s W + g >t ' W OW b 0E s >:* j bS @ u W tj b4e8H . , .. __ .... _ . ... . .... ... Mt3jIIt 4. ...- 44 4 d * i t'u a c v~~~~~~~~~~~~~X ht JA .P SS s-- 1lH N 1*) s ,, W *s*,%tS b1$44=44 9* <'t.7wtssMa *1g,. ,w t s9: *b- Mb;t-P.- S -R/2~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I? S t ;b¢ >A:T o k kb V :a. .o ;.. . ° t BkWK w t > ANNEX E _~ ~~~~~ . .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I X 57 ANNEX E AGREEMENT on Preserve, Monitor and Management of Environment For China Sichuan Power Transmission Project (Ertan 500kV Transmission Project) Entrust Part ( A): Sichuan Electric Power Administration Entrusted Part( B ): Sichuan Research Institute of Environment Protection And Sichuan Environmental Monitoring Center Pursuant to the negotiation, Part B accept the entrusts of part A as defined in the following Agreement: A. The scope ,content and requirement of service 1 To study the impact, preserve, monitoring , management and evaluation of the biological environment and the wild life sources of both Dafending and Mt Louji nature reserves which is caused by the construction of trasmission line(T/L) 2 To investigate, study, protect and evaluate the impact to the costume, culture, natural and social environment of the regions, where minority nationality live in compact communities, which is caused by the construction of the T/L. 3 To provide estimate, preserve measures and evaluation about the impact of natural and biological environment of forest area, where the T/L will pass through . 4 To provide preserve ,investigation and evaluation about scenic spots, cultural relic such as archaeology and history etc. 5 To provide service of managing, monitoring, supervising and evaluating to environment during the construction of the T/L. 58 ANNEX E 6 To provide service of monitoring about corona, electric and magnetic field and audio noise as well as environment evaluation during the operation of the T/L. 7 To provide advise and evaluate about the measure of mitigate the disadvantageous impact of environment caused by line. S To coordinate the relationship of Unite that is related to the environment preserve ,monitor, management and evaluation. 9 To provide other service of environment preserve and consultant as required by Part A. B. Working method I After the Agreement come into force and effect, to make sure of the member ,collect data ,definite the object and scope of work ,draw up a working program, block diagram. 2 To utility the existing monitor data of various city and county as well as site investigation, sampling, take photograph and video record etc., definite the existing situation of natural enviromnent before the implement of the project. 3 During the implement of the project, monitor the environment, acquire data, enforce the environment management, investigate at regular intervals, and supervise the implement of environment preserve measure . C. Achievement 1 To provide block diagram , organization chart and worldng program of the evaluation of environment preserve, monitor and management. 2 To provide annual of environment evaluation report including achievement of monitor, environment management, implement and advise of environment preserve etc-. 3 To cooperate with World Bank for environment check by , to provide stage report of environment evaluation , in format and content satisfied with the requirement of World Bank as well as environment preserve legal of our country. 59 ANNEX E 4 To provide the complete environment evaluation report ,for project check and acceptance. The Agreement will come into force and effect after the sign of both part. A part Sichuan Electric Power Administration Authorized Representative: B part Sichuan Research Institute of Environment Protection And Sichuan Environment Monitoring Center Authorized Representative: (Attachment: The National First-Rate Certificate of Environmental Impact Assessment of SRIEP) 60 0 k ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MoLbiaLn ItyJeigu ContI -J k135i/; 6 t\ Q ; = Uoz ( M eigu Countyt!_ i Wt~~~~~~~~~~~~ol AFiv Agure I U- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t DA FENG DING NATURE PRESERV'E SKETCH MAP 61 1 Xichan *XdeCuny 01/M<7 ; \g~~~~~~~ v0-° FI/gu~~~~~~~~~~~Fgre 2 ( \> ( w3 \,55s;\>t t >>_ 3432 LEGEND 8 Xj / \__8s | X~~~~Puge County a"_ ~~~~~~~~~~~18 1V 424 \ 8 < 1 9 7 /~420 . ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 17 624 ,o bLt¢w, v"wl.. .0; t t{ STf elite GwW VL._ memsw r 1,1 - /*- ,Cj r] xT2*rR | | JI,JCt r . = <>, > H -~o seLi- Am ibl A-$ strrea4x~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Di - J (<-' r < ja ~Jiagu -Zip! -L! u Na ture Ertan-.;antaipo *¢ / ...................... WS'~XS IT, ~ s Mt.a --oj Xiaouge S7 k -y s¢^w . ;xs 1E3 Ei3 [k feJb-iNatur Preservek H :, v ( Z B. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ _R. _ z ,~~~~~"V,- At,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. 63 X Vi'44, --;S 4-.' = -t ' 'S *4. .t's, ., * /ear*4 F 64~~~ Mature Prese 64~~~~~~1 7 X 1. -. XFIGURE 4 Ropeway '.A FIGIF 5 The Park of Helicopter and Storage Yard for Er-Zi 50OKv T/Ls (hengdu / aX a ciiX 5Xw / 3 ~~Yibin nin ciooorQ ylo tiCix~~~~~ ~~~~~~ Et ze Par- of Helicopte S ror-age Yar-d and l t.~~~~~~~~~~irstrip for Helicpte Puge clIso^) E)(53 Elevration 65