Page 1 World Bank Loan Funded Turpan Water Conservation Project In Xinjiang, China Executive Summary of The Overall EIA Report Prepared by: Environmental Expert Panel of World Bank Loan Funded Project Management Office of Turpan Prefecture Water Resources Bureau Entrusted by: World Bank Loan Funded Project Management Office of Turpan Prefecture Water Resources Bureau (Project Implementing Unit) September 2009, Urumqi E2332 V2 Page 2 1 World Bank Loan Funded Turpan Water Conservation Project, Xinjiang, China Executive Summary of the Overall EIA Report Project Name : World Bank Loan Funded Turpan Water Conservation Project in Xinjiang Report Prepared by : Environmental Expert Panel of World Bank Loan Funded Project Management Office of Turpan Prefecture Water Resources Bureau Entrusted by : World Bank Loan Funded Project Management Office of Turpan Prefecture Water Resources Bureau Leader of the Expert Panel : Yu Liang Technical Principal : Liu Lashan Chief Author : Li Rongxi Technical Advisor : Wang Li English Translation : Zang Yanling, Huo Jingying (Chapter 7&8) Page 3 2 Table of Contents 1 General Description............................................................................................................................3 1.1 Project Background.................................................................................................................3 1.2 References Used in Preparation of This Report....................................................................16 1.3 Environmental Standards Used in the Assessment ...............................................................17 1.4 Characteristics of the Project and Considerations and Methodology of the EIA..................17 1.5 Process of the Environmental Assessment Conducted..........................................................19 2 Project Description...........................................................................................................................21 2.1 Project Components..............................................................................................................21 2.2 Tasks of the Projects..............................................................................................................21 2.3 Construction Methods of the Main Structures......................................................................22 2.3.1 Reservoir construction.......................................................................................................22 2.4 Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan..............................................................................24 2.5 Main Economic Indexes of the Project.................................................................................25 3 Description of and Assessment on Current Environmental Status ...................................................26 3.1 Description of Current Environmental Status.......................................................................26 3.2 Main Environmental Problems Existing in the Region.........................................................29 3.3 Investigation and Assessment of Current Status of the Environmental Quality ...................30 3.4 Basic Information regarding Concerns of the WB Safeguard Policies.................................31 4 EIA and Protective Measures............................................................................................................34 4.1 Identification of Environmental Impacts ..............................................................................34 4.2 Analysis of Main Environmental Problems and Preventive Measures.................................35 4.3 Assessment of Regional Accumulative Environmental Impacts...........................................37 5 Alternative Analyses.........................................................................................................................43 5.1 With and Without-Project Analysis.......................................................................................43 5.2 Alternative Analyses of Various Dam Sites(for reservoir construction sub-projects)...........43 5.3 Alternative Analyses of Various Construction Techniques (for canal rehabiltiation and construction sub-projects)...........................................................................................................46 5.4 Alternative Analysis of Irrigation Methods (for water-saving irrigation sub-projects).........48 5.5Alternative Analysis of Karez Protection Sub-project...........................................................48 6 Environmental Management Plan.....................................................................................................50 6.1 Environmental Management System ....................................................................................50 6.3 Environmental Protection Measures.....................................................................................53 6.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan............................................................................................53 7 Public Participation and Infomation Publication.............................................................................74 7.1 Execution Arrangement........................................................................................................74 7.2 Results and Conclusions of Public Participation into EIA Preparation................................75 7.3 Information Publication BP 17.50 .................................................................................77 8 Resettlement and Social Impacts......................................................................................................80 8.1 Brief Introduction of Resettlement.......................................................................................80 8.2 Project Impacts.....................................................................................................................80 8.3 Policy Framework and the Rights Reserved ........................................................................80 8.4 Institutional Organization ....................................................................................................81 8.5 Vulnerable Groups ...............................................................................................................81 8.6 Machenism to Settle Complaints and Grievance.................................................................82 8.7 Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)......................................................................................83 8.8 Funding and Implementation of the RAPs...........................................................................85 9 Conclusions ......................................................................................................................................86 Page 4 3 1 General Description 1.1 Project Background Turpan Prefecture is located in the middle eastern part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China (China), being one of the driest desert area in China. With total water resources of merely 535 million m 3 , the prefecture suffers most serous resources-limited water shortage problem, especially in recent years when water uses are increasing along with economic development and the conflicts between water supply and demand are becoming increasingly outstanding. In order to meet water requirements of normal living and production, people in the region have started extensive groundwater abstraction, which has resulted in sharp drop of groundwater table and a series of environmental problems. Therefore, water-saving in a planned approach and development of water-saving agriculture have become the only way to agricultural economic devleopment in Turpan Prefecture. In order to broaden funding sources for this Water Conservation Project, Turpan Prefecture Water Resources Bureau consulted with Xinjiang Regional Development and Reform Commission (Xinjiang DRC) and Xinjiang Regional Finance Bureau (Xinjiang Finance Bureau), and decided jointly with the World Bank (WB) and water resources bureaus in Turpan City, Shanshan County and Tuokexun County to apply for use of the World Bank loan of USD100 million to implement the proposed Water Conservation Project in Turpan Prefecture. Entrusted by Turpan Prefecture Water Resources Bureau, the Environmental Expert Panel undertook environmental assessment on the World Bank Loan Funded Water Conservation Project in Turpan Prefecture (the Project). According to requirements of environmental screening and classification stated in the World Bank safeguard policy for environmental assessment (OP4.01), the Project is classified as a Class-A construction project, for which Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report, Executive Summary of the EIA report and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) need to be prepared and submitted to the WB. This report is the Executive Summary of the EIA report. 1.1.1 Geological Location of the Project Area The project is located in Turpan Prefecture, Map 1.1-1 is the map illustrating the location of the prefecture. Location of the project area within Turpan Prefecture is shown in Attachment Map 2. Page 5 4 Map 1.1-1 Location of Turpan Prefecture in China Turpan Prefecture Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region P. R. China Page 6 5 1.1.2 Project Components The Project consists of engineering construction and management system development as its main components. Included in engineering construction are: (a) Construction of 3 medium and small size mountainous reservoirs, rehabilitation and lining of main and branch irrigation canals of 47.5 km (Taerlang branch canal in Turpan City of 22.82 km, Ertang branch canal of 18.82 km in Shanshan County and Alagou main canal of 6.50 km in Tuokexun County); (b)Agricultural water-saving irrigation: the Project shall adopt new concept and method of water-saving irrigation in construction of 160 thousand mu of water- saving irrigation area; (c) Karez preservation: a selected Karez system shall be recovered to preserve historic cultural heritage and ancient water conveyance system. Development of management system includes: (d) Integrated water resources and environmental management of Turpan Prefecture; (e) Institutional capacity building, covering consulting service, Water User Association (WUA) development, monitoring and evaluation (M&E), operation and maintenance (O&M), management information system (MIS), training, and project replication focusing on sustainable development; (f) Project management, including preparation of project documents and daily project management. 1.1.3 Project Objectives 1.1.3.1 Overall Objectives Through adopting non-beneficial evapotranspiration (NBET) reduction based integrated water resources and environmental management and new concepts and methods for agricultural water saving irrigation, improve regional on-farm water infrastructures and focus on relevant software development, so as to promote sustainable water resources development and utilization and sound economic and social development of Turpan Prefecture. 1.1.3.2 Specific Objectives (1) Upgrade regional flood prevention capacity; (2) Make effective uses of flood resources; (3) Increase urban employment opportunities for the immigrant farmers; (4) Increase canal and irrigation water use coefficients; (5) Reduce NBET in the project area; (6) Reduce total evapotranspiration (ET) in the project area; (7) Increase agricultural production value of the project area; (8) Mitigate and slow down drop of groundwater table of the project area; (9) Preserve the cultural heritage, or the Karezes; (10) Keep project management in the region in track with international practice. 1.1.4 Environmental Significance of the Project Implementation 1.1.4.1 Environmental Crisis and Challenges the Project Area is Confronted with (1) Poignant conflicts between water supply and demand and great crisis of groundwater resources Page 7 6 Turpan Prefecture has scarce precipitation but strong evaporation, being an area suffering serous resources-limited water shortage problem. However, along with social and economic development and rapid growth of population, demands for water in the region have doubled and redoubled, making the conflicts between water supply and demand even more poignant. Additionally, due to the improper structure of water uses in the river basin, unscientific spatial regulation and allocation of water resources, lower water use efficiency, water resources in Turpan Basin, especially groundwater resources, are now faced with serious crisis that has impacted on regional development and will inevitably constrain sustainable overall development of the region. Figures 1.1-3 through to 1.1-5 illustrate changes of groundwater tables of the one city and two counties in Turpan Prefecture in the period from 1988 to 2000. From the figures it can be seen that groundwater table kept falling in Shanshan County and Turpan City, and in Shanshan County groundwater drop was especially serious and daunting, by nearly 20 m in 15 years. Such situation makes it clear that preventing groundwater table from falling in Turpan Prefecture is a task that brooks no delay. Figure 1.1 - 3 Changes of Groundwater Table in Turpan City Year Groundwater Table (m) 218.5 469.1 7.1 3.7 0 : \03 Page 8 7 (2) Outstanding Conflict between Expansion of Oasis Eco-environmental System and Regional Groundwater Drop Caused by Irrigation Water Uses in the Oases Turpan Prefecture is dominated by agricultural development. After the 1960s, along with rapid growth of population, the region saw a great increase of cropping area. Before 1980s, there had been a big fluctuation of cultivated areas in Turpan Prefecture. After 1980s, along with improvement of agricultural techniques, actual irrigated area in the region has been expanded, while the cultivated land area has been relatively reduced. Vegetation coverage data of Turpan Prefecture are derived based on interpretation of the SPOT remote sensing images of 3 periods including 1986, 1998 and 2004, respectively. Multi-spectra image in 1986 with resolution rate of 20m was used to obtain data of vegetation coverage of 1986, multi-spectra image in 1998 with resolution rate of 20m and syncretized full-color image of 1999 with resolution rate of 10m were used to obtain data of vegetation coverage of 1998, and multi-spectra image of 2004 with resolution rate of 10m was used to derived data of 2004. Figure 1.1-4 Changes of Groundwater Table in Shanshan County \03 Figure 1.1 - 5 Changes of Groundwater Table in Tuokexun County \03 Groundwater Table (m) 227.0 689.8 7.1 3.7 0 : \03 Groundwater Table (m) 235.4 461.1 7.1 3.7 0 : \03 Year 328.5 351.1 7.1 3.7 0 : \03 Year \03 Page 9 8 Figure 1.1-6 Vegetation Coverage in 1986 Figure 1.1-7 Vegetation Coverage in 1998 Vegetation Coverage Area: 623.67 km 2 Shanshan Yila Lake Turpan Vegetation Vegetation coverage area was 867.39 km 2 , with an increase by 243.72 km 2 compared with that in 1986 Shanshan Yila Lake Turpan Vegetation Page 10 9 Figure 1.1-8 Vegetation Coverage in 2004 Changes of vegetation coverage in Turpan Prefecture in 3 time periods are quite obvious in the above 3 figures: in 1986 the coverage area was about 623.67 km 2 ; in 1998 it increased to around 867.39 km 2 , with an average annual increase of about 20.31 km 2 in the 12 years from 1986 to 1998; in 2004 the vegetation coverage in the region reached 1081.34 km 2 or so, with an average annual increase of about 35.66 km 2 in the 6 years from 1998 to 2004. In terms of spatial distribution of the vegetation, it should be noted that the originally scattered small patches of vegetation had been adjoined and formed clusters of vegetation. According to Turpan Prefecture Agricultural Bureau, increase of vegetation coverage in Turpan Prefecture from 1986 to 2004 is mainly because of expansion of irrigated areas, resulting from nonrestraint of land reclamation and irrigation development. Water resources are the constraint to development of irrigated agriculture in the oases. When the conflict between expansion of irrigated area and water shortage became fierce and surface water and water from Karezes could not satisfy water requirements for irrigation, people in the region started to drill electricity-driven wells, but the powerful abstraction capacity of the wells has resulted in increasingly serious overuse of groundwater. Sharp drop of groundwater table has caused difficulties in areas previously irrigated with Karez water. From above analysis, it can be seen that expansion of irrigated area in Turpan Prefecture is one of the main reasons for drop of groundwater table in the region. Implementation of the Project in the involved city and counties will greatly reduce irrigation water uses of per unit area of the crops without reducing production of the cultivated land, and thus realize real water-saving. Meanwhile, under the Project, the plans to close up electricity-driven wells and retire cultivated land shall be implemented to save agricultural water use in the region and help to use some part of really saved water for industrial development, so as to upgrade economic value of per unit of water and increase overall income of the region. Farmers impacted by cultivated land retirement shall be compensated following the policy of industries “feed” agriculture in return, so that the limited water resources can be used to create more social wealth without lowering the living standards of the farmers. (3) Preservation of the Ancient and Traditional Heritage of Karez in Turpan Basin Becomes Extremely Urgent Vegetation coverage area was 1081.34 km 2 , with an increase by 213.95 km 2 compared with that in 1998 Shanshan Yila Lake Turpan Vegetation Page 11 10 As a kind of special underground water conservancy project created by the hard-working and intelligent people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang based on the local natural and hydro- geological conditions, Karez is still playing an important role in agricultural production, social and economic development and environmental protection in the Turpan and Hami Basins. Therefore, it is called by people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang as “the spring of life”. Turpan City is a national level tourism resort attracting each year thousands upon thousands tourist both at home and abroad to come to see the great project of Karez, from which it is clear that the ancient water conservancy project has irreplaceable ecological and humane values. In the 1950s, irrigated area using water from the Karezes accounted for 50% of the total irrigated area in the basins, indicating that Karezes were the main irrigation water source then. However, population growth, expansion of irrigated areas and industrial development in Turpan Basin in recent years have caused over-diversion of surface water, over-abstraction of groundwater and thus the tendency of groundwater drop that are seriously impacting on water yield of the Karezes. Consequently, lots of Karezes are found dried up already. Additionally, lacking maintenance in the years past and lacking investment for repair for quite a long period is also one of the important causes for dry-up of a lot of Karezes. In 2005, Xinjiang Water Resources and Hydropower Scientific Research Institute and Turpan Prefecture Water Resources Scientific Research Institute jointly prepared the Report on Surveys to Karezes in Turpan and Hami Basins, in which amount of Karezes and their water yield in various years are presented, the statistical details are shown in Figure 1.1-9 and Figure 1.1-10. Figure 1.1-9 Change of Amount of Karezes in Turpan Basin Page 12 11 Figure 1.1-10 Change of Water Yield of Karezes in Turpan Basin From the above 2 figures, it is clear that the amount of Karezes in Turpan Basin reduced in the end of 1960s and early 1970s due to rapid expansion of irrigated area in Turpan Prefecture and the resulted dry-up of some Karezes, and the overall water yield of the Karezes also reduced to some extend. From 1961 to 1963, repair of some Karezes resulted in resumed water yield of some dried up Karezes and helped to mitigate the problem of dry-up of some Karezes. But since 1963, water demands of industrial and agricultural water uses could no longer be met if merely depending on water supplied from the Karezes, therefore, people started to drill electricity-driven wells in great amount, which resulted in a sharp rise of groundwater abstraction and rapid drop of groundwater table and, as a result, dry-up of Karezes in this period tended to be more serious. Based on relevant data, one out of every 3 Karezes dried up already and the die-out speed of the Karezes is really astonishing: totally 833 Karezes dried up as of 2003, only 404 Karezes were found with water running, but the water yield reduced to 26.8 thousand m 3 from 66.1 thousand m 3 of 1963. According to prediction by experts of Turpan Prefecture Karez Preservation and Research Association, if without timely measures taken and the current dry-up speed remains, the remaining 404 Karezes will dry up and disappear in about 20 years. From above data, it can be concluded that preservation of Karezes has become extremely urgent and the fundamental rescue method is to stop further drop of groundwater table and gradually recover groundwater table. To address this need, the basic objectives of the Project is designed as: to gradually reduce groundwater abstraction and stop drop of groundwater table through reducing water consumptions of various sectors in the region while maintaining economic development. It is then clear implementation of the Project is the best approach to rescue the Karezes. (4) The Concept and Method for Integrated Water Environmental Management Needs to Be Established and Enhanced Water resources in Turpan Prefecture are scarce. In order to lead water resources utilization in Turpan Prefecture into a sustainable track, the local governments and water administrations have done a great deal of work including investigations, researches and trials, based on which the ultimate result is: there are only two approaches to solve the conflicts between water supply and demand in the region, one of them is “exploring new water sources”, and the other is “water-saving”. Page 13 12 The approach of exploring new water sources started in the 1950s in Turpan Prefecture, and the main method used was drilling electricity-driven wells in great amount. Groundwater abstraction using the wells did mitigate in a certain period the conflict between economic development and shortage of water resources. However, the resulted rapid drop of groundwater table gave rise to a series of environmental problems in 1980s, when people gradually realized the serious consequences of exploring new water sources. According to newly obtained statistical data, overuse of groundwater in Turpan Basin currently reaches 247 million m 3 . After having seen such consequences, relevant departments in Turpan Prefecture started to enforce compulsory limits to both the quantity of new wells and water abstraction of the existing wells. However, what Turpan Prefecture adopted in doing so was the water resources management model based on balanced water supply and demand, which itself has certain irrationalities. Consequently, groundwater table in Turpan Prefecture is continuously falling. It is obvious that reform of the currently used water resource management model is very much needed if the purpose is to change the current situation of groundwater overuse in Turpan Prefecture. In pursuit of totally solving groundwater overuse problem in Turpan Prefecture, the Project shall adopt the most advanced water resources management model in the world, or the ET management-based model, to complement construction of various water conservancy structures. 1.1.4.2 Necessity and Urgency of the Project From the above analysis of water environment and eco-environment in Turpan Prefecture, it can be summarized that: over abstraction of groundwater is the primary cause for various environmental problems existing in Turpan Prefecture. Since the Project aims at totally solving the problem of over abstraction of groundwater in Turpan Prefecture, it is necessary for both promotion of water-saving irrigation method to save groundwater resources and mitigation of the conflicts between water supply and demand to mitigate groundwater environmental crisis and preserve the special local cultural heritage of Karez. 1.1.4.3 Social and Environmental Significance of the Project (1) Through implementation of the Project and its introduction of the concept and method of integrated river basin management, the problems relating to rational water resources utilization can be totally solved, and optimized allocation of water resources, reduction of NBET and groundwater abstraction in the regional can be realized. Along with completion of objectives of the Project, the currently unsustainable economic growth model of Turpan Prefecture that is based on overuse of groundwater resources and destruction of environment can be changed to a sustainable model based on proper water resources planning and management. (2) After construction of the reservoirs, flood prevention capacity of the river basin can be upgraded to reduce losses caused by floods in the region, so that a safer production and living environment can be provided to the local people. (3) As the most ancient water diversion project, Karez has irreplaceable ecological and humane values. Turpan City is a national tourism resort attracting each year thousands upon thousands tourists both at home and abroad to see such a great water conservancy project. Preservation of Karez is preservation of history, and, of course, implementation of the Page 14 13 project activities for preservation of Karez will not only protect the historical and cultural resources, but also protect local tourism resources. (4) After the project implementation, the really saved water because of water-saving irrigation activities under the Project can be used to support local industrial development, and the economic value of per unit of water resources can be increased through raising water price for industrial uses, thus the limited water resources can be used to create more social wealth. (5) Turpan Prefecture is a region where people of multiple ethnic groups are living together. The beneficiaries of the Project will be the ethnic minorities that account for the majority proportion of the total population in the project area. Along with industrial development, more employment opportunities can be created, which is favorable to promoting social stability in the region inhabited by ethnic minorities and upgrading living standard of the local people. 1.1.4.4 Eco-environmental Significance Turpan prefecture suffers resources-limited water shortage problem. In order to meet water requirements of industrial and agricultural devleopment, people in the region have started extensive groundwater abstraction, which has resulted in serous overuse of groundwater and decline of groundwater table year on year, as well as serious deprivation of eco- environmental water uses in the region that has caused gradual degradation of vegetation in the desert area. Through construction of on-farm water conservancy structures and introduction of advanced water management model, the Project shall reduce NBET and groundwater abstraction of all sectors in the region, so as to stop the tendency of rapid drop of groundwater table and thus promote virtuous development of the eco-environment in Turpan Prefecture. Additionally, after construction of the reservoirs under the Project, flood prevention capacity of the river basin can be upgraded to reduce water and soil erosion caused by floods in the region. 1.1.5 Compliance with Relevant Policies and Plans 1.1.5.1 Compliance with the “Western China Development Strategy” The policy of the “Western China Development Strategy” aims at speeding up economic development of the provinces/regions in the western part of China. Along with implementation of this strategy, Xinjiang has been included as one of important provinces/regions for resources development and economic construction, which provides the prefectures in Xinjiang with new development opportunities. Turpan Prefecture is endowed with advantageous natural resources, including an abundance of mineral resources, and has great potential for economic development. At present, based on continuous agricultural economic growth and development of mineral resources and in line with national industrial policies and regional economic development strategy, Turpan Prefecture is using mineral resources development and their deep processing as the driving force, taking grapes and fruits planting and processing, chemical industry and tourism as the leading industries for the purpose of realizing full-rounded economic development. Economic development will inevitably result in increase of water uses, however, the Page 15 14 outstanding water-related problems in Turpan Prefecture, including scarce water resources and uneven temporal and spatial distribution reflected by spring and autumn droughts, summer floods, more water in the southern part than in the northern part, are impacting seriously on the local economic development and make it clear that guaranteed water supply has become the key to realization of the above mentioned development strategy. Therefore, it is a must for Turpan Prefecture to combine water-saving with water supply increase and take water-saving irrigation as the main approach to ensure sustainable economic development. The Project proposed takes “construction of water-saving society” as the ultimate goal and consists of components such as reservoir construction aiming at solving the problem of uneven temporal and spatial water distribution in Turpan Prefecture, water-saving irrigation development that will reduce agricultural water uses without reducing unit yield of the crops, and introduction of the ET-management based advanced water resources management model aiming at realizing scientific management and rational allocation of the limited water resources in Turpan Prefecture and ensuring virtuous and sustainable local economic development. So, implementation of the Project is consistent with the policy of “Western China Development Strategy”. 1.1.5.2 Compliance with Industrial Policies (1) Guiding Objectives of Industrial Structure Adjustment (issued in 2005) The development objective of reservoir construction projects included in the Project is to supply water to industrial and agricultural sectors in Turpan Prefecture, the construction projects belong to the encourage category of “Water Source Development Projects in Areas Suffering Water Shortage Problem” as defined by the “Guiding Objectives of Industrial Structure Adjustment (issued in 2005). Therefore, construction under the Project is in line with the requirements in the “Guiding Objectives of Industrial Structure Adjustment (issued in 2005)”. (2) Water Sector Policy The national “Water Sector Policy” (issued in September 1997) aims at promoting rational development and sustainable utilization of water resources, preventing in an effective approach flood and drought disasters, and mitigating constraint of water to national economic development. It defines that “The nation implements policy that gives priority to development of water conservancy industry, and encourages investments in water conservancy projects by all circles of the society and foreign investors from multiple channels and by multiple means. Effective approaches should be explored to realize water conservancy industrialization on the premise of adhering to social benefits, so as to speed up the industrialization progress; efforts should be made to increase economic benefits of the water conservancy projects; water demands for living of residents in the urban and rural areas should be met, and overall plan and thorough consideration are required in meeting water demands of industry, agriculture and navigation; attention should be paid to protection of water environment and diversified operations, so as to gradually form a virtuous operation mechanism for water conservancy input and output.” The Project is to be funded using the WB loan, such funding source meets requirements of the national industry policy. At the same time, the Project belongs to Category-B water conservancy construction projects that focus mainly on economic benefits and producing concurrently certain social benefits. Page 16 15 The purpose of the Project is to solve water shortage problem of agricultural and industrial production and development of Shanshan County of Turpan Prefecture. Therefore, the construction purpose of the Project is in line with the requirements in the “Water Sector Policy”. 1.1.5.3 Compliance with Relevant Plans (1) Compliance with the “11 th Five Year Plan of Turpan Prefecture” The objectives of the “11 th Five Year Plan of Turpan Prefecture” are: Based on optimizing industrial structure and increasing benefits, make efforts to realize GDP of 26.09 billion yuan in 2010, with an annual average growth of 16.0%; local financial revenues of 1.26 billion yuan, with an annual average growth of 16.0%; per capita production value of above 40 thousand yuan, with an annual average growth of more than 14.2%; and also realize obvious improvement of living standard of the residents, full development of all undertakings, further improvement of basic infrastructures including water conservancy and transportation infrastructures, etc., as well as improvement of living environment, etc. Turpan Prefecture has abundant land resources, favorable heat and light resources and rich reserves of oil, gold, coal and natural gas, which provides a good condition for national economic development of Turpan Prefecture. Nevertheless, extremely scarce water resources and the lower water use efficiency have resulted in conflicts between water supply and demand and between water uses for oil development and agricultural production, forming a serous constraint to national economic development of Shanshan County. In order to solve the water shortage problem, it is clearly stated in the “11 th Five Year Plan of Turpan Prefecture—Overall Development Considerations, Objectives and Tasks for Water Conservancy Undertaking in the 11 th Five Year Period” that “preliminary work for construction of Ertanggou reservoir should be accelerated to promote formulation and construction of the construction project, so as to mitigate the conflicts between economic development and water shortage problem.” Construction of Ertanggou reservoir can help to make full use of water resources, upgrade water use efficiency and provide guaranteed water supply to enable sustainable and stable economic development in Shanshan County. Therefore, construction of Ertanggou reservoir pivotal project is consistent with requirements in the “11 th Five Year Plan of Turpan Prefecture”. (2) Compliance with the “Plan of Turpan Prefecture on Construction of a Water- saving Society in the 11 th Five Year Period” The objectives of the plan are: “conduct extensive awareness raising and educational activities to fully upgrade water-saving awareness of the public, form the atmosphere of caring for water, cherishing water, saving water and protecting water in the whole society, and integrate water-saving into national economic development and the whole process of people’s production and daily life; reform the water management and investment systems that are inconsistent with construction of a water-saving society; establish complete policies and regulations, extend use of water-saving techniques, realize remarkable improvement of quality of irrigation facilities and the service capacity, and further upgrade comprehensive agricultural productivity of the irrigation districts; adopt in broad areas water-saving irrigation techniques, greatly increase agricultural water use efficiency and comprehensive benefits; fully extend and promote new water-saving techniques, develop water-saving Page 17 16 industries, construct water-saving cities, optimize water use structure and realize the transformation from extensive water utilization to intensive water utilization. The short term objective (for year 2010) as defined in the plan is to preliminarily establish the basic framework of a water-saving society and realize optimized water resources allocation and sustainable utilization; and the long term objective (for year 2020) defined is to realize the fundamental change from extensive irrigated agriculture to water-saving and high efficiency agriculture and ecological agriculture. The main tasks of the Project are to save water from agricultural uses and upgrade water supply guarantee degree for industrial water uses without lowering agricultural production. While conducting construction activities, the Project will introduce advanced water resources management model to realize real water-saving. Implementation of the Project will promote formation of rational water resources management and operation mechanism and proper water pricing mechanism, improve quality of the irrigation facilities and upgrade the service capacity, all of which are of great significance to construction of a water-saving society. 1.2 References Used in Preparation of This Report Table 1.2-1 References Used No. Names of Laws/Regulations/Documents A National Laws and Regulations on Environmental Protection 1 Law of the P. R. C. on Environmental Protection promulgated on Dec. 26, 1989 2 Law of the P. R. C. on EIA promulgated on Oct. 28, 2002 3 Law of the P. R. C. on Prevention of Water Pollution and the Detailed Rules for Implementation promulgated on Feb. 28, 2008 4 Law of the P. R. C. on Prevention of Air Pollution promulgated on Apr. 29, 2000 5 Law of the P. R. C. on Prevention of Noise Pollution promulgated on Oct. 29, 1996 6 Law of the P. R. C. on Prevention of Solid Waste Pollution promulgated on Apr. 1, 2005 7 Water Law of the P. R. C. promulgated on Aug. 29, 2002 8 Law of the P. R. C. on Water and Soil Conservation promulgated on June 29, 1991 9 Law of the P. R. C. on Protection of Wild Animals promulgated on Aug. 28, 2004 10 Law of the P. R. C. on Fishery promulgated on Oct. 31, 2000 11 Law of the P. R. C. on Protection of Cultural Relic promulgated on Dec. 29, 2007 12 Law of the P. R. C. on Flood Prevention promulgated on Aug. 29, 1997 13 Law of the P. R. C. on Land Management promulgated on Aug. 28, 2004 14 Grassland Law of the P. R. C. promulgated on Dec. 28, 2002 15 Law of the P. R. C. on Prevention of Infectious Diseases promulgated on Aug. 28, 2004 16 Law of the P. R. C. on Prevention of Radioactive Pollution promulgated on June 28, 2003 17 Bylaw on Implementation of the Law of the P. R. C on Water and Soil Conservation promulgated on Aug. 1, 1993 18 Bylaw of the P. R. C. on Natural Reserves promulgated on Oct. 9, 1994 19 Bylaw of the P. R. C. on Protection of Wild Plants promulgated on Sept. 30, 1996 20 Bylaw on Management on Environmental Protection of the Construction Projects promulgated on Nov. 29, 1998 21 Outline of National Eco-environmental Protection Program ( promulgated on Apr. 10, 2001) 22 Tentative Method for Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment ( SEPA Document No. 2006[28]) 23 Circular on Strengthening Eco-environmental Management of Natural Resources Development and Construction Projects ( SEPA document issued in December 1994) 24 “Letter regarding Distributing the (Tentative) Technical Guidance for EIA of River Ecological Water Uses, Low Temperature Water and Fish Pass Facilities in Water Resources and Hydropower Construction Projects( Document No.[2006]4) B The World Bank Policies Page 18 17 1 OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment 2 OP 4.04 Natural Habitats 3 OP 4.09 Pest Management 4 OP 4.10 Indigenous Peoples 5 OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources 6 OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement 7 OP 4.36 Forestry 8 OP 4.37 Dam Safety 9 OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways 10 OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas C Technical Guidance and Norms 1 HJ/T2.1-93 Technical Guidance for EIA: General Provisions 2 HJ/T2.2-2008 Technical Guidance for EIA: Air Environment 3 HJ/T2.3-93 Technical Guidance for EIA: Surface Water Environment 4 HJ/T2.4-1995 Technical Guidance for EIA: Acoustic Environment 5 HJ/T19-1997 Technical Guidance for EIA: Non-pollution Ecological Impacts 6 HJ/T88-2003 Technical Guidance for EIA: Water Resources and Hydropower Construction Projects 7 HJ/T169-2004 Technical Guidance on Environmental Risk Assessment of Construction Projects 8 HJ/T192-2006 (Tentative)Technical Norms for Assessment Eco-environmental Status 9 GB/T16453.1 6 -1996 Technical Norms for Integrated Water and Soil Conservation 10 GB/T50433-2008 Technical Norms for Water and Soil Conservation of Development and Construction Projects 1.3 Environmental Standards Used in the Assessment Table 1.3-1 Environmental Standards Used in the Assessment Categories No. Environmental Standards 1 Quality Standards for Ambient Air GB3095-1996 2 Quality Standards for Surface Water Environment (GB3838-2002 3 Quality Standards for Acoustic Environment GB3096-2008 Environmental Quality Standards 4 Quality Standards for Irrigation Water GB5084-2005 5 Comprehensive Discharge Standards for Air Pollutants GB16297-1996 6 Comprehensive Discharge Standards for Waste Water (GB8978-1996 7 Noise Limits for Construction Sites GB12523-90 Pollutant Discharge Standards 8 Noise Discharge Standards for Factory Ambient Environment of Industrial Enterprises GB12348-2008 1.4 Characteristics of the Project and Considerations and Methodology of the EIA 1.4.1 Characteristics of the Project (1) Engineering Characteristics a) The construction project covers a broad scope of activities, although the overall quantity of the construction project is huge, it will be distributed in 10 individual construction project areas, each with small amount of construction; b)Types of construction included are: reservoir construction, canal construction or rehabilitation, on-farm water-saving irrigation and Karez preservation projects, all of which are common water conservancy construction projects that can be done using matured construction techniques and rich experiences. (2) Environmental Characteristics Page 19 18 a) Reservoir construction projects: They are all located in mountainous areas with little population and less industrial pollution sources, thus the local environment remains unpolluted; b) Canal construction projects: Projects of this type are all located in the piedmont alluvial and diluvial plain areas that are flat (gobi areas mostly). With little population and without big size industrial or mining enterprises, such areas remain unpolluted; c) Water-saving irrigation projects: Areas for such projects all have high land use degrees, being typical agricultural development and utilization areas. d) Karez preservation project: Wudaolin Karez preservation project is partially located in the gobi area, and partially in the farm land. Such project areas are flat and still in good quality environmentally, because there is little population, no big size industrial or mining enterprise there. e) All projects are located in rural areas with backward economic development. 1.4.2 Considerations and Methodology of the EIA (1) Based on reviewed and approved EIA reports of all sub-projects, summarize the environmental problems of all sub-projects during their construction and operation periods; then adopt regional environmental assessment methods to integrate the sub-projects in the one city and two counties for overall environmental assessment of the whole project; (2) Fully apply the WB safeguard policies on environmental assessment, pest management and involuntary resettlement in the environmental assessment, and respond to WB safeguard policies on dam safety, physical cultural resources and indigenous peoples, etc.; (3) Take sufficient consideration of the suggestions and comments by the WB identification mission in conducting the environmental assessment, and provide in the EIA report analyses of and responses to the problems and suggestions raised by the WB experts; (4) Strengthen collection and analyses of relevant basic data, conduct surveys to the project areas and analysis of the environmental status using an objective and scientific approach; (5) Use assessment methods and technical tools including mathematical model, analogy analysis, ecological mechanism analysis and landscape ecology, etc. to analyze and predict the positive and negative, direct and indirect environmental impacts caused by the Project during construction and operation periods, propose feasible and practical mitigation measures to address the negative environmental impacts, and give ample attention to practicality of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP); (6) Conduct alternative analyses, including analysis of “Without Project Analysis”, analysis of various dam sites, different construction methods and irrigation methods; (7) For public participation, questionnaires will be distributed to the public and expert consultation will be conducted to understand the opinions and comments of the impacted people, administrative departments and other organizations; For information disclosure, notification posters, news paper and websites will be used disseminate information; (8) Draw conclusions on feasibility of the Project from the environmental protection point of Page 20 19 view, and provide scientific references for project design and management on environmental protection. 1.4.3 Scope of Assessment The scope of environmental assessment of the Project is consistent with the approved EIA reports of the sub-projects. More specifically, the scope of environmental assessment is: For surface water environment: Meiyaogou River, Ertanggou River, Alagou River; For groundwater environment: areas that have hydraulic connection with the rivers involved in the Project; For eco-environment: the whole Turpan Basin, based on consideration of ensuring ecological integrality; Focus of the assessment: environmentally sensitive area, or the Aiding Lake; For social environmental assessment: main beneficiary area of the Project, or the whole Turpan Prefecture, including two counties and one city. 1.4.4 Overall Structure of the EIA Report The EIA report includes 14 chapters, including: Chapter 1 General Description Chapter 2 Policies, laws, Regulations and Administrative Structures Chapter 3 Project Description Chapter 4 General Environmental Situation in the Project Areas Chapter 5 EIA Chapter 6 Assessment of Regional Accumulative Environmental Impacts Chapter 7 Mitigation Measures Chapter 8 Analysis of Environmental Risks and the Mitigation Measures Chapter 9 Alternative Analysis Chapter 10 Analysis of Environmental Benefits and Costs Chapter 11 Public Participation and Information Disclosure Chapter 12 Resettlement and Social Impacts Chapter 13 Summary of EMP Chapter 14 Conclusions and Suggestions 1.5 Process of the Environmental Assessment Conducted To complete the environmental assessment work, 10 EIA reports for the sub-proejcts and an overall EIA report need to be produced. Hunan Survey and Design Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower was entrusted to prepare the EIA report for Alagou reservoir construction project, while Xinjiang Survey and Design Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower was entrusted for preparation of the other 9 EIA reports. The main activities conducted in the process of the environmental assessment are shown in Table 1.5-1. Page 21 20 Table 1.5-1 Process of Environmental Assessment Time Activities Aug. to Sept., 2008 y Turpan Water Conservation Project Environmental Expert Panel conducted field surveys, colleted data, conducted investigations and monitoring of current environmental status, and organized first round of public participation Sept. to Dec., 2008 y EIA reports completed by the institutions entrusted to prepare EIA reports for the sub-projects, and approvals of the EIA reports were obtained y The Environmental Expert Panel completed the Overall EIA Report (draft) Jan. 2009 y WB preparation mission reviewed the relevant reports prepared by the Environmental Expert Panel, Hunan Survey and Design Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower and Xinjiang Survey and Design Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, and provided guidance on improvement of the reports March 2009 y The Environmental Expert Panel conducted the second round public participation y The Environmental Expert Panel conducted supplemental surveys of current environmental status according to requirements in the Aide-memoire by the WB preparation mission y PMO organized the The Environmental Expert Panel to conduct concentrated preparation work Apr. to June, 2009 y The Environmental Expert Panel invited domestic environmental experts to consult on the Overall EIA Report y The Environmental Expert Panel and PMO revised and improved the Overall EIA Report according to requirements of the WB preparation mission and suggestions by the consultants, for review by the next pre-appraisal mission of the WB Page 22 21 2 Project Description 2.1 Project Components The Project involves engineering construction and development of management system, as shown in the following Table 2.1-1. Table 2.1-1 Project Components Project Components Names Locations Code Scale Remarks Meiyaogou Reservoir Turpan City TLF1 Class- , small (1) size reservoir with total storage of 5.84 million m 3 New Ertanggou Reservoir Shanshan County SS1 Class- , medium size reservoir with total storage of 25 million m 3 New Reservoir Construction Alagou Reservoir Tuokexun County TKX1 Class- , medium size reservoir with total storage of 45.67 million m 3 New Turpan City Water-saving Irrigation Turpan City TLF2 60.2 thousand mu New Shanshan County Water- saving Irrigation Shanshan County SS2 50 thousand mu New Water-saving Irrigation Tuokexun County Water- saving Irrigation Tuokexun County TKX2 51.1 thousand mu New Total 161.3 thousand mu Taerlang Branch Canal Turpan City TLF3 Class- , small (1) type, with a total length of 22.82 km New Ertang Branch Canal Lining and Rehabilitation Shanshan County SS3 Class- , small (1) type, with a total length of 18.82 km Rehabilitation Canal Cnstruction and Rehabilittaion Alagou Main Canal Tuokexun County TKX3 Class- , small (1) type, with a total length of 6.50 km New Total 48.14km Engineering Construction Karez Preservation Preservation of Wudaolin Karez Turpan City TLF4 Culvert of 2.7 km, open canal of 0.18 km New Integrated River Basin Water Resources and Environmental Management Development of Management System Institutional Capacity Building: (a) M&E; (b) MIS; (c) O&M Plan; (d) WUA development; (e) necessary office facilities and off-road vehicles; (f) policy formulation and researches 2.2 Tasks of the Projects (1) Reservoir construction: make effective use of flood resources for water supplies to industrial and agricultural uses; upgrade flood prevention capacities of Meiyaogou, Ertanggou and Alagou river basins. (2) Canal construction and rehabilitation: upgrade canal and irrigation water use coefficients. (3) Water-saving irrigation: reduce NBET of the project areas; reduce total ET of the project areas. (4) Karez preservation: preserve the cultural heritage, or the Karez. (5) Integrated river basin and environmental management and institutional capacity building: mitigate the tendency of falling groundwater table; bring project management in the region into the track of international practice; upgrade economic value pf per unit water resources; Page 23 22 increase employment opportunities for the immigrant farmers and promote sustainable social and economic development of Turpan Prefecture. 2.3 Construction Methods of the Main Structures 2.3.1 Reservoir construction Earth-rock excavation: Excavators and manual excavation shall be used, and self-tipping trucks shall be used to transport the waste to the spoil area. Filling of water-retaining structure: Excavators shall be used to load the material onto the self-tipping trucks that will transport the material to the filling area. Then bulldozers shall be used to level the material, and vibratory rollers or manual tamping shall be used to compact the material. Concrete casting: Concrete aggregate shall be provided by the processing factory, and the finished concrete shall be provided by mixing plants. Concrete mixers shall be used to transport the concrete to casting areas. Support: Concrete injectors shall be used to spray concrete. Manual drills shall be used to drill the anchor rods, and automatic injectors shall be used to compact the concrete. 2.3.2 Water-saving Irrigation Excavation of trenches: Manual excavation shall be adopted; the opening of the trenches shall be 1m in width in the flat areas, and widened in areas where topographic condition is complex and the trenches need to be deeper, based on geological condition; Leveling of the trench bottom: Before installation of the pipes, the trenches should be leveled, and the stiff stuff including debris and grass roots, etc. should be removed; Backfilling: Before starting backfilling, use wet soil and crushed rocks to backfill both sides of the pipe and compact. 2.3.3 Canal Construction and Rehabilitation Earth-excavation: Use excavators to cooperate with manual excavation. The surplus earth along both sides of the canals shall be leveled using bulldozers. Pebble collection: Collect pebbles manually, use machines and manual work to load them onto self-tipping trucks for transporting to areas along the canals. Earth backfilling: Try to use as much as possible the excavated material for backfilling, use smaller vibratory roller to compact and manual work to level the slopes. Backfilling of Gobi material cushion: Gobi material shall be transported by self-tipping trucks to construction sites and placed manually, water shall be sprayed manually before leveling and compacting. Grouted masonry: Pebbles shall be selected and washed manually at the collection sites; after the pebbles are placed, fine stone concrete shall be cast and small vibratory rods shall be used to tamp the concrete before jointing. Page 24 23 Concrete construction: Concrete needed for the construction shall be mixed by using the mixers and transported to the construction sites using self-tipping trucks, and then sent to the bin via chuting flume; flat-plate vibrators shall be used for compaction, floating and finishing shall be done manually. 2.3.4 Karez Preservation (1) Seepage prevention at the bottom of the water storage pond: After dredging, place lime- soil layer onto the bottom of the pond, and then place sheet stones on top of the lime-soil and side walls of the pond. (2) Reinforcement of the earth masses of the open canal and canal headwork section: Grouted sheet stones shall be used to reinforce the slopes of soil mass along both sides of the open canals from the water storage pond to the headwork section, and reinforce the loose and prone-to-collapse soil mass on top of the canal headwork section. (3) Routine Reinforcement of the Culvert i) Shaft wells: Brick masonry shall be used to support side walls of the shafts and lids shall be used to cover the openings. ii) Culvert: Dredging: Remove the silt and humus soil on the surface of the culvert; Bottom paving: Pebbles and gravels shall be used to pave the bottom after dredging is done; Mending by inserting: Grouted sheet stones shall be inserted to mend the impost parts of both sides of the culvert; Anchoring: Glass fiber anchor rods shall be used to anchor the top and sides of the culvert. (4) Focal Reinforcement of the Culvert i) Shaft wells: Protection of openings of the shaft wells: Brick-masonry shall be used to support the sides of the openings, and lids shall be used to cover the openings; Support of the side walls at the bottom of the shaft wells: Glass fiber anchor rods shall be used to reinforce the joint parts of the bottom of the wells and the culvert. Anchor stabilizing agent shall be injected into the holes of the anchor to stick the rods to the anchors. ii) Culvert Dredging: Remove the silt and humus soil on the surface of the culvert; Bottom paving: Pebbles and gravels will be used to pave the bottom after dredging is done; Mending by inserting: Grouted sheet stones will be inserted to mend the impost parts of both sides of the culvert; Page 25 24 Anchoring: Glass fiber anchor rods shall be used to anchor the top and sides of the culvert, and metal bands shall be used to connect the horizontal anchor rods; Masonry: Blue and red bricks that have similar colors to the walls shall be used to protect the joint parts between the culvert and the shaft wells. 2.4 Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan 2.4.1 Land Acquisition by the Construction Table 2.4-1 Statistics of Land Acquisition by the Construction Unit: hm 2 City/County No. Name of Sub-project Temporary Land Occupation Permanent Land Occupation Total Land Occupied 1 Meiyaogou Reservoir 41.37 165.64 204.01 2 Water-saving Irrigation 169.14 6.28 175.42 3 Taerlang Branch Canal 0.415 124.16 124.58 Turpan 4 Wudaolin Karez Preservation 1.40 0.04 1.44 5 Ertanggou Reservoir 70.71 141.59 212.30 6 Water-saving Irrigation 508.57 0.53 509.10 Shanshan 7 Ertang Branch Canal Lining 16.99 40 56.99 8 Alagou Reservoir 13.40 22.20 35.60 9 Water-saving Irrigation 241.77 1.83 243.6 Tuokexun 10 Alagou Main Canal 2.18 37.37 39.55 Total 1065.94 539.64 1602.58 \03 2.4.2 Statistics of Physical Objects Impacted by Land Acquisition and Measures to Deal with the Impacts (1) Statistics of Physical Objects Impacted by Land Acquisition i) People to be Resettled Situation of the people to be resettled : Only Ertanggou reservoir will cause resettlement, totally 97 people in 20 households shall be resettled, and they are all Uygur herding people in Qialekan Village of Shengjin Township, Turpan City. Resettlement arrangement: Part land area ( 43 º 7 51.5 N, 89 º58 40.3 E) in Bakaner Village of No. 4 Brigade, Lianmuqin Township, Shanshan County shall be allocated to the 97 people to be resettled as their resettlement area. Each household shall get allocation of 2 mu of land as house building area (incl. animal pens), and each person shall get 2 mu of grassland. ii)Cultural Relics Situation of cultural relics : Only Ertanggou reservoir area has cultural relics, including 5 ancient grave yards with totally 20 ancient tombs, 1 ancient residential site covering an area Page 26 25 of 300 in total, and 1 rock painting. In the inundated area of the reservoir, there is no cultural relic classified at national, regional, prefectural or county level of protection. Disposal method : Rescue excavation shall be conducted to the cultural relics in the reservoir area before commencement of the construction, and budgetary arrangement has been made to ensure protection of the relics. 2.5 Main Economic Indexes of the Project The static investment of the Project is 1.326 billion yuan (an equivalent of USD 206 million), including 334.3 million yuan (USD 51.1 million) for Turpan City of, 418.2 million yuan (USD 64.3 million) for Shanshan County, and 573.7 million yuan (USD 90.9 million) for Tuokexun County. Table 2,5-1 Main Economic Indexes of the Project Unit: 100 million yuan Quantity No. Items Turpan City Shanshan County Tuokexun County 1 Total Investment 3.343 4.182 5.737 2 Investment for Compensation to the People Resettled 918.39 2607.76 1948.44 3 Investment for Water and Soil Conservation 990.16 984.88 1120.6 4 Investment for Environmental Protection 318.76 311.43 277.86 WB Loan 34290 27671 38420 Governmental Counterpart Funds 106282 236336 328064 5 Funding Sources Beneficiaries Contribution 3850 2318 2850 Page 27 26 3 Description of and Assessment on Current Environmental Status 3.1 Description of Current Environmental Status 3.1.1 Climate Features Turpan Prefecture is located in the hinterland of the Eurasia, characterized by abundant heat, extreme aridity, high temperature and frequent and strong winds, scarce precipitation, strong evaporation, long frost-free period. 3.1.2 River Systems and Lakes Totally, there are 14 river systems in Turpan Prefecture, as shown in Map 3.1-1. Page 28 2 7 M a p 3 . 1 - 1 R i v e r S y s t e m s i n T u r p a n P r e f e c t u r e \03 T u r p a n C i t y T u o k e x u n C o u n t y S h a n s h a n C o u n t y T T a a e e r r l l a a n n d d R R i i v v e e r r M M e e i i y y a a o o g g o o u u R R i i v v e e r r E E r r t t a a n n g g R R i i v v e e r r A l a g o u R i v e r Page 29 28 3.1.2.1 River Systems The Project involves totally 5 rivers in the prefecture, including Taerlang river, Meiyaogou river and Yaernaizi galley in the part of Tianshan Runoff Catchment Zone to the east of Turpan City, Ertanggou River in the part of Tianshan Runoff Catchment Zone to the north Shanshan County, and Alagou River in Western Tuokexun Runoff Catchment Zone, as listed in Table 3.1-1. Table 3.1-1 Rivers Involved in the Project City/County Rivers Water Source and Elevation Total Length km Runoff 10 9 m 3 Relationship with the Project Meiyaogou South of Bogeda Peak of Southern Slope Tianshan Mountains 45 0.81 Meiyaogou reservoir is to be built along the middle reach of Meiyaogou River to dam flood water and supply water to the irrigation areas Taerlang East of Bogeda Peak of Southern Tianshan Mountains 50 0.79 Water-saving irrigation sub-project in Turpan City will use water from Taerlang River as water source Turpan Yaernaizi Formed by groundwater outcropping in the region 38.6 0.71 Water-saving irrigation sub-project in Aidinghu Township will use water from the existing Yaernaizi reservoir along Yaernaizi River as water source Shanshan Ertanggou Southern Slope of Bogeda Peak of Tianshan Mountains 44.6 0.79 Ertanggou reservoir will be constructed along the middle reach of Ertanggou River to dam river water in winter and flood season for water supply to irrigation districts in the southern and northern mountainous areas. Tuokexun Alagou Southern Slope of Tiangeer Peak of Tianshan Mountains 60.0 1.22 Alagou reservoir will be constructed in the middle and upper reaches of Alagou River to dam water in winter and flood season for water supply to irrigation districts in Tuokexun County. 3.1.2.2 Lakes Aiding Lake is located in Qiatekale Township of Turpan City, being the terminal and receiving areas of the river systems in Turpan Basin. According to newly released measurement data, depression of Aiding Lake is at -154.31m above sea level and is thus second lowest depression in the world, with features of a wetland ecological system. At present, Aiding Lake covers a total area of about 450km 2 , consisting of three parts, the outer part is a circle of hard salty land with a width of 0.5km-1km, the middle part is a circle of salty swamp and the center part is white and glittering salt crystal. The lake is now in the drying up period, or the late stage of a salt lake, according to the evolvement process of a lake in arid area, which is especially proved by appearance of carnallite in the lake basin. Recharge to Aiding Lake includes mainly surface inflow, groundwater undercurrents and flows in the catchment area of the lake. Surface inflow to the lack is mainly the surplus water from Tuokexun irrigation area that uses water from Baiyang River, which receives water from Alagou River within the territory of Tuokexun County. Page 30 29 Groundwater replenishment to the lake comes mainly from the undercurrents of rivers on the southern slope of Bogeda Mountain of the Eastern Tianshan Mountains. 3.1.3 Terrestrial Ecology In the reservoir construction areas, the types of soil include mainly brown desert soil, brown calcium soil and chestnut calcium soil, and the vegetation is mainly natural vegetation. In the construction areas of canals, water-saving irrigation and Karez preservation, the types of soil include mainly brown desert soil and irrigated soil, and the vegetation is mainly irrigated plants. In areas surrounding the Aiding Lake, desert soil including mainly salinized soil is commonly seen. Vegetation in the Aiding Lake area is built up singly by salty plant clusters, with a coverage rate of about 30% to 50%. Due to impact of the highly salty water, the vegetation is kept at a lower level of development, including mainly bristle tamarisks, Halocnemum, Halostachys, Kalidium, Salicornia, etc. 3.1.4 Aquatic Ecology Entrusted by Turpan Prefecture Aquatic Technology Extension Center, Xinjiang Research Institute of Aquatic Sciences conducted surveys on aquatic ecological environment to the water bodies in Turpan Prefecture in August 2008. According to the results in Turpan Prefecture Fishery Development Plan, aquatic fauna communities in the water bodies in Turpan Prefecture are built up mainly by phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish, there is basically no benthon in the water bodies in the river basins. The current status of instability and high mineral concentration of water in the Aiding Lake determines that there are extremely limited aquatic fauna and flora species in the lake water, including mainly Artemia spp., or the brine shrimp. 3.2 Main Environmental Problems Existing in the Region 3.2.1 Problems Relating to Natural Environment (1) Extremely scarce water resources; (2) Uneven temporal and spatial distribution of water resources; (3) Ever increasing groundwater abstraction and the resulted continuous drop of groundwater table; (4) Serious sandstorm disasters and land desertification, fragile eco-environment; (5) Severe flood and waterlogging disasters. 3.2.2 Social Environmental Problems (1) Low water use efficiency; (2) Improper cropping mix; (3) Ever decreasing amount of Karezes; (4) Problems with ecological resettlement; (5) Irrational layout and incompletion of water conservancy structures, lacking of complete and sound management system. Page 31 30 3.3 Investigation and Assessment of Current Status of the Environmental Quality 3.3.1 Investigation and Assessment of Current Status of Surface Water Environment (1) Investigation of Current Status Water quality data for environmental assessment were provided by Water Environmental Monitoring Center of Xinjiang Regional Hydrological Bureau and Turpan Prefecture Hydrological and Water Resource Investigation Bureau. Following the principle of “Try as much as possible to collect and use routine monitoring data” for the assessment, data collected include mainly routine water quality monitoring data of Alagou River, which are results monitored by Turpan Prefecture Hydrological and Water Resource Investigation Bureau at the cross-section of Alagou Hydrological Station in 2007. Since there has been no additional pollution source along the Alagou River since 2007 and the inter-annual variation of flow in the river is little, the data obtained can be used to represent the current water quality status of Alagou River. Actual measurements were conducted for Ertanggou River and Yanaierzi reservoir since there has been no routine monitoring and measurement conducted there. (2) Assessment Results In accordance with water environment zoning of Xinjiang, Alagou River is classified as Class-I water quality of current status, the other rivers the Project involves are classified as Class-II. According to monitoring results, all rivers involved in the Project have good water quality and can meet the Class-II standards defined in the Quality Standards for Surface Water Environment. Except that current water quality of Alagou River can not meet the objective for current water quality defined in the water environment zoning, water quality of each of the other rivers can meet requirement for its current water quality, but water quality of Taerlang River can still meet water quality standards for irrigation water. Table 3.3-1 Results of Monitoring and Assessment of Current Water Quality of Rivers Involved in the Project City/County Rivers Location of Cross-section for the Monitoring Time of Monitoring Objective of Water Quality Current Water Quality Meiyaogou Cross-section at dam site of the planned Meiyaogou reservoir Taerlang Cross-section at headwork of Taerlang Main Canal Turpan Yanernaizi Reservoir Water release cross-section of Yaernaizi Reservoir Shanshan Ertanggou Cross-section at dam site of the planned Ertanggou reservoir 2008-9 Tuokexun Alagou Cross-section of Alagou hydrological station 2007-10 (with Cd exceeding the Standard) Page 32 31 3.3.2 Assessment of Current Air Quality Table 3.3-2 Assessment of Current Air Quality of the Project Area Project Components Assessment of Current Air Quality Reservoir Construction The construction sites and impacted areas are all in rural mountainous areas, with scattered residents and limited amount of people settled down. There is no big industrial enterprise or air pollution source in the areas, current air quality in the environment remains its original background status. Water-saving Irrigation, Canal Construction and Rehabilitation, Karez Preservation The construction sites are all located in rural areas with limited amount of residents settled down. There is no industrial or mining enterprise in the areas, air quality in the environment remains good quality background status, and self-purification capacity of air there is strong, thus air environment remains its natural unpolluted status. 3.3.3 Investigation and Assessment of Current Acoustic Environment Table 3.3-3 Assessment of Current Acoustic Environment in the Project Area Project Components Assessment of Current Acoustic Environment Reservoir Construction The project impacted areas are all rural areas without industrial or mining enterprise. Additionally, the construction sites are far away from the roads and thus less impacted by traffic noises. Therefore, the current acoustic environment remains its original background status. Water-saving Irrigation, Canal Construction and Rehabilitation, Karez Preservation The project impacted areas are all rural areas with limited amount of residents. Traffic noises of the existing roads are the main noise sources currently. But, since the traffic volume of the roads existing in the project area is quite limited, acoustic environment of the project areas basically remains original background status. 3.4 Basic Information regarding Concerns of the WB Safeguard Policies After screening and identification, 7 out of the 10 safeguard policies of the World Bank are found triggered, namely, OP4.01 “Environmental Assessment”, OP 4.04 “Natural Habitats”, OP 4.09 “Pest Management”, (OP 4.37 “ Dam Safety”, OP 4.11 “Physical Cultural Resources”. Basic information regarding all the safeguard policies is as follows. (1) Environmental Assessment (OP4.01) In line with the environmental screening and categorization requirements in the World Bank safeguard policy OP4.01, the Project is categorized as Category-A project based on the type, location, sensitivity, scale and potential environmental impacts and significance of the Project. (2) Natural Habitats (OP 4.04) According to investigation by Xinjiang Research Institute of Aquatic Sciences to the water bodies in Ertanggou River, 4 types of native fish were found in the water bodies, including small-eyed strip loach, small size strip loach, Turpan plateau loach and Triplophysa Schizothoracin. Reservoir construction in the Project, or construction of Ertanggou reservoir, will cause certain impact on the native fish in the Ertanggou river system. Therefore, the Project will trigger the World Bank safeguard policy OP4.04. (3) Pest Management (OP 4.09) Page 33 32 The Project includes water-saving irrigation improvement activities, and the project area is the important production bases of grapes, sweet melons and other special fruits in Xinjiang. Pesticides used in the project area are mainly insecticides, bactericides and herbicides, but the dosages to crops are usually not big in normal years. Along with change of irrigation method, use of agricultural chemicals may increase. Therefore, the Project will trigger WB safeguard policy OP 4.09 and, to address this issue, a Pest Management Plan for the Project has been prepared. (4) Forestry (OP/BP 4.36) No activities included in the Project are located in the forestry areas. (5) Dam Safety (OP 4.37) The Project involves construction of three dams, and there are altogether 18 existing reservoirs in the project area (see Table 4.5-1), including 4 reservoirs (see Table 4.5-2) whose bank failures will destroy structures to be built under the Project and cause failure of the project investment. Hence, the Project will trigger the WB dam safety policy (OP 4.37). The PMO has conducted review and assessment of the 4 dams relating to the project construction, and the details are included in the Dam Safety Report. After identification of dams relating the Project, the relevant basic information has been provided to the WB. In the process of environmental assessment, the dams relating to the Project were screened and identified and are listed in Table 4.5-3. In June 2008, the PMO, together with water resources bureaus of Shanshan County, Tuokexun County and Turpan City, entrusted Nanjing Scientific Research Institute of Water Conservancy and Management Center of Dam Safety of Ministry of Water Resources to conduct assessment of dam safety. According to the results of assessment by the dam safety experts, 3 out of the 4 dams relating to the Project are classified as safe dams, and 1 dam is classified as Class- B dam. The review and assessment was done in accordance with method provided by the WB. The WB and PMOs of the prefecture and involved city and counties will supervise implementation of the dam reinforcement plan to ensure compliance with the WB safeguard policy OP 4.37. Detailed information in relation to dam safety is included in the WB special report on dam safety. After identification of dams that are likely related to the Project, the obtained basic information has been provided to the WB. In November 2007, the WB sent its experts to conduct safety review of the relevant dams. (6) Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11) According to investigations by Xinjiang Regional Bureau of Cultural Relics, there are cultural relics distributed in the construction areas of Ertanggou and Alagou reservoirs. Additionally, Karez preservation component of the Project relates to physical cultural heritage. Therefore, the Project will trigger the WB safeguard policy for physical cultural resources. (7) Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) Page 34 33 Included in the Project, the only sub-project that involves resettlement is construction of Ertanggou reservoir. In the planning year, totally 98 people, all being Uygur herding people, shall be resettled. Therefore, the Project will trigger the WB safeguard policy for involuntary resettlement. (8) Indigenous Peoples (OP/BP 4.10) Turpan Prefecture is inhabited by people of multiple ethnic groups, including Uygur, Han, Hui, Kazak, Mongolian, Sibo, Russia, Manchu, Uzbek, Tatar, Daur, etc., among which Uygur accounts for 70.4% of the total population of the prefecture. Since the Project involves the 2 counties and 1 city administered by the Turpan Prefecture, the Project will trigger the WB safeguard policy for indigenous peoples. (9) International Waterways (OP/BP 7.50) The 5 rivers involved in construction of the sub-projects of the Project are Meiyaogou River, Taerlang River, Yaernaizi Galley, Ertanggou River and Alagou River, all of which originate from the Bogeda Mountain of the Tianshan Mountains in the territory of Xinjiang and terminate in the plain area of Turpan Prefecture. Therefore, construction under the Project won ’t involve international waterway issue. (10) Projects in Disputed Areas (OP/BP 7.60) The Project is not located in any of the known disputed areas. Page 35 34 4 EIA and Protective Measures 4.1 Identification of Environmental Impacts 4.1.1 Identification of Environmental Impacts during Construction Period Table 4.1-1 Identification of Environmental Impacts during Construction Period Environmental Factors Sources of Impacts Pollutants and Discharge Concentration Impacted Objects ·Wastewater from Sand and Stone Aggregate Processing SS 15000mg/L Water quality of rivers in the reservoir construction area ·Wastewater from by Tunnel Construction SS 2000mg/L Water quality of rivers in the reservoir construction area SS 5000mg/l ·Wastewater from Concrete Mixing and Washing PH 12 Water quality of rivers in the reservoir construction area ·Wastewater from Machine Washing Oil 40 mg/L Water quality of rivers in the reservoir construction area COD 400mg/L NH 3 -N 40 mg/l Water Environment Sanitary Wastewater in construction sites Coli-groups 80000/l Water quality of rivers in the reservoir construction area Air Environment ·Explosion, Transportation, Fuel machines TSP NO 2 Adverse impacts on air quality of construction site and areas along the transportation roads, and on construction staff and residents in the nearby area Acoustic Environment ··Explosion, Transportation, Concrete Mixing, Vibration of Machines Noise Adverse impacts on construction staff and residents in the nearby area Solid Waste ·Construction Sites Production solid waste and sanitary waste Adverse impacts on landscape of the surrounding areas and on health of the construction staff Water and Soil Erosion ·Disturbance to ground surface by construction, and solid waste pileup Mud, Sand Eco-environment of the construction sites Social Environment Concentration of workers during peak construction periods / Construction staff and residents in the nearby areas Resettlement ·Reservoir Inundation / 97 people in 20 households to be resettled \03 4.1.2 Identification of Environmental Impacts during Operation Period The 4 types of construction included in the Project all belong to non-pollution projects. The project itself won ’t produce contaminants during operation period. Except that the reservoir projects will cause some adverse impacts during operation period, the other projects won’t cause any adverse impact. Page 36 35 Table 4.1-2 Identified Environmental Impacts during Operation Period Environmental Factor Impacting Factors Impacted Objects Remarks Sanitary Wastewater Discharge Water Quality of Rivers Sanitary wastewater of reservoir operating staff Water Quality of Reservoirs Flow speed slows down, self-purification capacity becomes weakened Water Environment Reservoir Storage Hydrological Regime Damming of upstream inflow may cause contraction of river channel or dry-up of river sections Geological Environment Reservoir Environment Reservoir Seepage, Induced Earthquake 4.2 Analysis of Main Environmental Problems and Preventive Measures 4.2.1 Main Adverse Environmental Impacts during Construction Period (1) Adverse Impacts Caused by Construction Wastewater Discharge on Water Quality of Nearby Water Bodies Wastewater discharged during construction period includes production wastewater and sanitary wastewater. Production wastewater includes pollutants such as suspended solid (SS, in wastewater containing oil discharged from mechanical maintenance). Sanitary wastewater includes main pollutants such as bacteria, COD, ammonia-N, etc. Production and sanitary wastewater generated during construction period will be 980.42m 3 /d and 286.93m 3 /d, respectively. Arbitrary discharge of production wastewater would result in deposition of silt that would cover and put pressure on vegetation in the receiving areas, which would then cause desertification and other impacts. If production and sanitary wastewater is discharged into the rivers, water quality of the river sections may be demoted. (2) Adverse Impacts by Dust and Exhaust Emission on Air Environment Exhaust emission from fueled-machines, coal-burning by construction teams for production and living purposes and dust from excavation and transportation will all cause impacts on air environment in the construction areas. Air environmental sensitive sites: Residential areas and school along both side of the transportation road connecting to the dam site of Meiyanggou reservoir (the closest distance is within 5m). There are no sensitive sites in other project areas and the surrounding areas. (3) Adverse Impacts by Construction Noises to Acoustic Environment Acoustic pollution sources during construction period include stable acoustic sources, unstable acoustic sources and mobile acoustic sources. Stable and unstable acoustic sources are distributed in the pivotal structures ’ construction sites, mobile acoustic sources are mainly transportation vehicles. Based on the environmental features of the construction sites and the surrounding areas, the main environmentally sensitive objects are: residential areas and a school along the road sides of the transportation roads to the upper stream dam site of Meiyaogou reservoir (the closest distance is within 5m) and Page 37 36 the residential areas in South Mountain Mining Area distributed about 4km from the dam site of Alagou reservoir (closest distance to the construction site is 2km ). Construction staff and the local residents will be impacted in the construction process of these two projects. Impacted objects of the construction noises are: construction staff and the above mentioned acoustic environmental sensitive objects. (4) Adverse Environmental Impacts by Discharge of Solid Waste The solid waste generated during construction period includes mainly spoil and detritus, etc. from excavation and domestic waste from the construction staff. Waste piles are prone to soil and water erosion; domestic waste piles without planning will cause adverse impacts on landscape of the residential environment, while increasing the probability of spread of diseases since they are the areas attracting flies and mosquitoes. (5) Adverse Impacts of Construction Activities on Eco-environment Main impacts of construction of regional eco-environment are: impacts of land occupation and inundation by construction on soil and vegetation, impacts of construction noises on wild animals, and soil and water erosion caused by excavation and waste piles. (6) Adverse Impacts on Health of Construction Staff During construction , population density at the construction sites will increase rapidly, which may potentially bring adversely impact on health of the construction staff, especially in peak construction periods in summer, when the staff concentrate at the construction sites. Due to higher density of mosquitoes, flies and rats and less than adequate sanitary provisions in the living areas, which is liable to cause occurrence and spread of diseases. There are also possibilities that contagions like hepatitis-A are caused by some construction staff member who is the epidemic source. Additionally, accidental injure or malnutrition are possible among the construction staff members. (7) Adverse Impacts on People Resettled Through investigation to the resettlement areas on the current environmental situation, soil quality there is found relatively poorer than the cultivated land the people currently have. Without proper measures taken to address this issue, the life quality of the people will be impacted after the resettlement. 4.2.2 Main Environmental Protection Measures Various environmental protection measures are proposed to address the adverse environmental impacts project construction and operation may cause, as shown in the following Table 4.2-1 through to Table 4.2-7. Page 38 37 4.3 Assessment of Regional Accumulative Environmental Impacts 4.3.1 Identification of Environmental Impacts The comprehensive task of the Project is to save agricultural water uses and reduce total ET in the project area, so as to reduce groundwater abstraction and mitigate the current status of overuse of groundwater and, at the same time, properly increase proportion of industrial water supply, upgrade economic value of per unit of water and speed up regional economic development. More specifically, the Project will support construction of reservoirs, construction or rehabilitation of canals, and water-saving irrigation activities, with the purpose of upgrading surface water use efficiency and reducing abstraction of groundwater. Implementation of the Project will inevitably cause impacts on surface water environment of Meiyaogou River, Ertanggou River and Alagou River and the groundwater environment of the same hydro-geological unit where the three rivers are located. Meanwhile, the Aiding Lake, the terminal of all rivers at the edge of the Turpan Basin, will surely be impacted to a certain degree. Another important task of the project construction is to properly increase water supply to industrial uses in Turpan Prefecture. Turpan Prefecture is endowed with rich oil and mineral resources, after completion of the Project, the guarantee degree of industrial water supply will be greatly improved. Since economic value produced by industry sector is far beyond that by agriculture, implementation of the Project will help to create more social wealth using limited water resources. The Project will occupy a lot of land resources for construction of engineering structures, which may cause some impacts on eco-environmental integrity in the region. Additionally, the advanced managerial concepts, methods introduced in the process of project implementation and the institutional development under the Project will cause some impacts on the social environment in Turpan Prefecture. To summarize, the impacts of the project implementation on regional environment involve regional water environment, ecological environment and social environment. Based on the above analyses, the matrix of identified comprehensive environmental impacts is set up as follows. Table 4.3-1 Matrix of Identified Accumulative Environmental Impacts Impacted Factors Water Environment Eco-environment Social Impacts Construc. Period Groundwater Eco. Integrity Aiding Lake Local Economy Employment Income of Residents Life Quality Cultural Relics Tourism Operational Period L -S S L L L M M M Page 39 38 4.3.2 Impacts on Water Environment 4.3.2.1 Impacts on Water Uses After completion of Meiyaogou reservoir, Taerlang branch canal and Turpan City Water Conservation Projects: The main tasks of construction of Meiyaogou reservoir is to supply water to Zone I of Meiyaogou. Based on water demands of all sectors in the Zone I, the proportion of agricultural water use in the planning year will gradually reduce from 98.32% in the current year to 79.09% in 2020, while proportion of industrial water use will increase from 0.1% in the current year to 18.95% in 2020. Such changes are due to the great efforts in developing water-saving irrigation, which results in great reduction of irrigation water uses, and increase of industrial water uses. In terms of total water use, in 2015 there will see an increase by 433 thousand m 3 compared with the current year, while in 2020 the increase will be 11.057 million m 3 compared with the current year. After completion of Ertanggou reservoir, Ertang branch canal rehabilitation and Shanshan County Water Conservation Projects: At present, water from Ertangou River is consumed by irrigation uses, evaporation and seepage, among which irrigation water diversion totals 49.97 million m 3 /a. Surface water diversion is only for agricultural uses. Construction of the reservoir will change the current situation of water resources allocation. More specifically, on the premise of guaranteeing ecological water uses (with a total amount of no less than 7.9584 million m 3 /a), water supply to irrigation areas in Shanshan County will be 39.4751 million m 3 /a, water supply to Dikan Industrial Garden will be 9.9054 million m 3 /a, and water supply for oil industry and fishery uses will be 1.2032 million m 3 /a and 50 thousand m 3 /a, respectively. Changes of surface water supplies to various sectors due to construction of the reservoir are shown in Table 4.3-2. Table 4.3-2 Surface Water Supplies to Various Sectors before and after Construction of the Reservoir Time Periods Water Allocations Before Construction of the Reservoir 10 4 m 3 /a After Construction of the Reservoir 10 4 m 3 /a Remarks Total Surface Water Resources 7958 7958 Unchanged Irrigation Uses 4997 3947.51 Reduce by 10.4949 million m 3 /a Water Supply to Industrial Garden 0 990.54 Increase by 9.9054 million m 3 /a Water Supply to Oil Industry 0 120.32 Increase by 1.2032 million m 3 /a Water Supply to Fishery Uses 0 5 Increase by 50 thousand m 3 /a Evapo. Seepage and Other Consumptions 2961 2894.63 Reduce by 66.37 (? Unit) Surface Water Use Coefficient 62.79% 63.63% Increase by 0. 84% It is clear from the table that construction of Ertanggou reservoir will re-distribute inflow from the upstream of the dam site, and help to saving irrigation water uses and increase water supply to industrial and fishery uses, as well as increasing surface water use coefficient in the region from 62.79% in the current year to 63.63% in the planning year. This will, to a certain extend, mitigate the present water shortage problems of all sectors in Shanshan County. The adverse impacts on downstream eco-environment due Page 40 39 to construction of the project can be effectively lessened through releasing basic ecological flow to the downstream. Therefore, construction of the project will make allocation of surface water resources in the river basin more rational. After completion of Alagou reservoir, Alagou main canal and Tuokexun County Water Conservation Projects: In 2005, the total water use in Alagou River Basin was 199.306 million m 3 , including irrigation water use totaling 184.294 million m 3 and accounting for 92,4% of the total, being the major user of water; industrial water use totaling 3.1592 million m 3 and accounting for merely 1.59%; and water uses of other sectors and domestic water uses accounting for only 6.01% of the total. In 2015, the total water demand in Alagou River Basin will be 209.8019 million m 3 , including irrigation water demand of 153.4371 million m 3 (total of surface water and groundwater, including annual water diversion from Baiyang River of 36 million m 3 ), fishery water demand of 3.913 million m 3 , domestic water demand of 1.4167 million m 3 , animal water demand of 1.9688 million m 3 , industrial water demand of 42.0603 million m 3 , and water demand of South Mountain Mining Zone of 7 million m 3 . After construction of the reservoir, proportion of industrial water uses will increase to 23.38%, while agricultural water uses will reduce to 73.13%. 4.3.2.2 Impacts on Groundwater Environment After completion of Meiyaogou reservoir, water use efficiency can be upgraded because of water regulation by the completed reservoir, and water needs of the Shenhong chemical industrial garden can be guaranteed. At the same time, groundwater abstraction for irrigation purposes using traditional method can be reduced, which can mitigate in certain degree the status of over-abstraction of groundwater in No. 1 Zone of Meiyaogou area. In 2015, over-abstraction use of groundwater can be reduced to 19.09291 million m 3 from 47.861 million m 3 of the current year; and, in 2020, it can be reduced to 11.44061 million m 3 . Similarly, completion of Ertangou reservoir will mitigate groundwater over-abstraction in Ertanggou irrigation area, where groundwater over-abstraction is 55.1624 million m 3 in the current year and can be reduced to 37.422 million m 3 in the planning year. Construction of Alagou reservoir will also contribute to mitigation of groundwater over-abstraction in Alagou irrigation areas. 4.3.3 Eco-environmental Impacts 4.3.3.1 Impacts on Regional Ecological Stability (1) Impacts on Regional Ecological Stability Impacts of engineering construction on natural ecological systems should be measured in two aspects, i.e. resistance stability and recovery stability of the impacted ecological systems. Measurement of recovery stability of the ecological systems is based on measurement of the biomass of the systems. After the project implementation, an additional water Page 41 40 area of 3.81 km 2 shall be created in the Turpan Prefecture, and increased land uses for construction of dams, reservoir management facilities, roads and canals will be 2.82 km 2 . Correspondingly, reduction of forest land, grass land, cultivated land and unused land will be 0.21 km 2 , 0.62 km 2 , 0.07 km 2 and 5.73 km 2 , respectively, which will result in certain decrease of regional productivity. But, increase of water area in the region will compensate markedly to the regional productivity. Therefore, overall speaking, the project implementation will not cause major impacts on the regional productivity and thus will not cause apparent impacts on the recovery capability of the ecological systems in Turpan Prefecture. Resistance stability is determined by the quantity, spatial distribution and the heterogeneity degree of the elements in the eco-systems. Normally, the heterogeneity degree of the vegetation in the eco-systems is used to indicate the resistance stability. Influenced by land occupation of the constructed structures, especially by roads constructed, the original landscape pattern will be fragmented to some extend, resulting in increase of landscape fragmentation degree and that the total amount of patches increase from 1156 to 1172, with average size of the patches reduces slightly. Meanwhile, remarkable increase of total water area upgrades heterogeneity degree of vegetation in Turpan Prefecture. As a whole, land use pattern in the assessed area has no qualitative change, with unused land area remaining the major part of the land uses. At the same time, the project implementation will change neither constitutes nor the heterogeneity feature of the desert vegetation in the ecological assessment area. Therefore, the background resistance stability of the natural eco-systems in the assessed area will not have big changes after the project implementation. Based on analyses of both the recovery stability and resistance stability of the natural eco-systems, it is clear that implementation of the Project won ’t cause apparent impacts on stability of the eco-systems in Turpan Prefecture. (2) Impacts on Comprehensive Quality of the Regional Ecological Systems Impacted by the project implementation, variation of the landscape predominance of construction land and water area is obvious, and predominance of cultivated land increases slightly, due to fragmentation function of the construction under the Project and the resulted increase of amount of cultivated land patches. On the other hand, landscape predominance of forest, grassland and unused land reduces, but the reduction is small. As a whole, implementation of the Project increase the predominance of water area and causes favorable impacts of improvement of comprehensive quality of the eco- systems in the assessed area. However, reduction of predominance of forest and grassland causes certain adverse impact on the comprehensive quality, while the unused land, as the basic landscape in the Turpan Prefecture, has very little change in its predominance and remains its original ranking in the landscape constitutes. Based on the landscape analysis, it is clear that the project implementation has limited impact on the comprehensive quality of the regional eco-system in Turpan Prefecture. 4.3.3.2 Impacts on the Aiding Lake (1) Impacts on Water Area and Water Level of the Aiding Lake Replenishment sources of the Aiding Lake include mainly confluence flow on the slope area by the lake, surface runoffs and undercurrents of rivers on the southern slope of Page 42 41 Bogda Mountain of the Eastern Tianshan Mountain Range, and infiltration from the irrigated land areas. Among them, confluence flow on the slope is quite small, without much variation; groundwater runoff and surface runoff are the main replenishment sources to the lake. However, due to construction of various water structures in the past decades, surface water diversion has been increased, resulting in great reduction of replenishment to the lake and gradual dry-up of the lake. The water diversion is mostly for irrigation uses. Along with expansion of area of irrigated oases in Turpan Prefecture, ET of the plants increases and thus replenishment to the lake reduces. To prevent further destruction to Aiding Lake by water structure construction, adequate ecological water uses by the lake should be taken into account in constructing water conservancy structures. Conclusions based on calculation indicate that, to maintain a water area of 4km 2 and the current salty swamp area of 120km 2 , replenishment to the Aiding Lake should be no less than its evaporation that totals 444.8 million m 3 . According to the regional natural conditions and current status of ecological protection, ecological protection objective of the Aiding Lake is defined in the Two Rivers’ Planning Report of Tuokexun County as to guarantee ecological water uses of Aiding Lake and the desert vegetation, and water releases to achieve this objective are calculated based on proportions of water resources in Turpan City, Tuokexun County and Shanshan County, i.e., 162.9 million m 3 /a, 185.3 million m 3 /a and 99.8 million m 3 /a, respectively. Based on analysis and calculation, replenishment to the Aiding Lake from the rivers in the counties /city can be realized after the project implementation, therefore, the Project won’t speed up shrinkage of water area of the Aiding Lake. (2) Analysis of Impacts on Eco-environment of Aiding Lake from the Point of View of Water-saving Activities under the Project The tasks of the Project are to upgrade surface water use efficiency through constructing on-farm water conservancy structures, reduce groundwater abstraction, and realize real water saving and the balance between ET and available water resources in all parts of the prefecture through reducing NBET by implementing the advanced ET-management based optimization of water resources. The ultimate purpose of the Project is to recover groundwater table within certain period of time, through putting an end to groundwater over-abstraction and shutting down the electricity driven wells. Consequently, the project implementation will cause positive impacts on the Aiding Lake. 4.3.4 Impacts on Social Environment After completion of the project, the current overall water allocation in Turpan Prefecture will be improved and the guarantee degree of industrial water uses can be upgraded while ensuring agricultural water supply, thus more social wealth can be created using the same amount of water resources. Therefore, implementation of the Project will greatly benefit rapid social and economic development of Turpan Prefecture. Additionally, implementation of the Project can further accelerate construction of on- farm water conservancy structures and reduce groundwater abstraction using various engineering measures, so as to avoid further drop of groundwater table, solve the problems of serious groundwater over-abstraction and deterioration of eco-environment in the local areas and create favorable conditions for sustainable social and economic Page 43 42 development in the region. (2) Flood Prevention and Improved Safety of Local Residents Completion of construction of the reservoirs will greatly improve the flood control capacity of Meiyaogou River, Ertanggou River and Alagou River, which will guarantee safety of the lives and properties in the downstream and create a safer living environment for people living in the river basins. (3) Increase of Local Employment Opportunities Large amount of laborers will be needed during construction period of the Project, which will provide more employment opportunities for the local residents. Meanwhile, completion of the Project will push forward development of the third sector, or service sector, which will then create more employment opportunities. (4) Protection of Historical and Cultural Heritages Wudaolin Karez protection sub-project is one important component in the Project. Implementation of the Project is of great significance to protection of the Karez systems, the historical and cultural heritage in the project area. Besides, Karez is also an important tourism resort in Turpan Prefecture, through implementing the Karez protection component, the Project will not only protect the Karez itself, but also the tourism resources in Turpan Prefecture. (5) Capacity Building for Environmental Management Over the construction and operation processes of the Project, the World Bank will help the Turpan Prefecture to introduce brand-new water resources management model and planning method, and provide well-designed training to relevant managerial staff to enhance local institutional capacity. This will benefit improvement of management efficiency of local governments, including the water environmental management departments. (6) Other Impacts Construction of the engineering structures, establishment of ET management system and development of WUAs, etc., will make the water use system in the project area more equitable. At the same time, ethnic minority communities, farmer households, especially the poorer villager groups can gradually shake off poverty caused by water shortage and increase their income through water-saving irrigation, development of high efficiency agriculture, so that the gap between the villages, villager groups and among the farmer households can be narrowed step by step. Page 44 43 5 Alternative Analyses Alternative analyses of the Project include with and without-project analysis and alternative analyses of various dam sites (for reservoir construction sub-projects) and construction techniques (for canal rehabilitation and construction sub-projects), and of various irrigation methods (for water-saving irrigation sub-projects). 5.1 With and Without-Project Analysis With and without-project analysis is conducted based on environmental costs and benefits and social economic evaluation, the results are shown in the following table. Table 5.1-1 With and Without-Project Analysis Items With-Project Scenario Without-Project Scenario Advantages - Implementation of the Project is in line with the 11 th Five Year Water Conservancy Development Plan of the Turpan Prefecture; - Industrial water supply shall be increased and thus economic benefits can be achieved; - Upgraded agricultural productivity with guaranteed water agricultural water supply; - Improved flood control capacity of the three river basins(Meiyaogou, Ertanggou and Alagou); - Mitigated tendency of falling groundwater table in the project area; - Gradually improved eco-environment of the project area; - Protection of cultural heritage, the Karezes; - Strengthened institutional capacity. - Current environmental status will be maintained, without environmental impacts caused by construction under the Project Disadvantages - Occupation of some land resources; - Short term adverse impacts caused by construction and resettlement because of the Project. -Serious flood disasters caused to lives and properties in the downstream of the rivers and in the agricultural areas -Low irrigation water use efficiency and low economic value of water resources; -Unsustainable water resources utilization that results in further eco-environmental deterioration. Conclusion from Alternative Analysis The with-project scenario is better than the without-project scenario based on social and economic analysis. From the above table, it is clear that, although the without-project scenario has no environmental impacts, it will end up with continuous threats to production and living of the local people and retarded economic and social development in the three river basins, since the conflict between water supply and demand and eco-environmental deterioration in Turpan Prefecture is becoming increasingly serious if improvement of administrative and water resources management level is kept slow. The with-project scenario, though bringing with it certain environmental impacts, will produce long- lasting social and economic benefits, and the environmental impacts, which are in construction period and thus temporary, can be avoided or mitigated by using corresponding environmental protection measures. Therefore, based on social and economic analysis, the conclusion is that the with-project scenario is better than the without-project one, and that the project is very much necessary. 5.2 Alternative Analyses of Various Dam Sites(for reservoir construction sub- projects) Page 45 4 4 T a b l e 5 . 2 - 1 A l t e r n a t i v e A n a l y s i s o f t h e U p p e r a n d L o w e r D a m S i t e s o f M e i y a o g o u R e s e r v o i r O p t i o n s F a c t o r s C o n s i d e r e d U p p e r D a m S i t e ( R e c o m m e n d e d ) L o w e r D a m S i t e T o p o g r a p h i c a l a n d G e o l o g i c a l C o n d i t i o n s T h e u p p e r d a m s i t e i s l o c a t e d o n t h e r i v e r b e d o f M e i y a o g o u R i v e r i n t h e h i l l y a r e a . T h e s l o p e o f t h e l e f t b a n k o f t h e r i v e r i s s t e e p a n d n e e d s s c a l i n g . T h e r e a r e t h r e e g a l l e y s d e v e l o p e d t h e r e . S a n d y g r a v e l i s f o u n d b e n e a t h t h e L e v e l - I I I t e r r a c e t o t h e r i g h t o f t h e m a i n d a m s i t e a n d n e e d s c l e a n u p . T h e w h o l e d a m a r e a i s c o v e r e d w i t h Q u a t e r n a r y d e p o s i t s , n o o u t c r o p p i n g b e d r o c k i s f o u n d t h e r e . T h e l o w e r d a m s i t e i s l o c a t e d o n t h e r i v e r b e d o f t h e M e i y a o g o u R i v e r o n t h e p i e d m o n t i n c l i n e d p l a i n , w h e r e t h e v a l l e y i s U - s h a p e d w i t h b a s i c a l l y e q u a l h e i g h t o f b o t h b a n k s . T h e l e f t b a n k i s s l i g h t l y s t e e p a n d n e e d s s c a l i n g . A g a l l e y h a s d e v e l o p e d a l o n g t h e l e f t b a n k . T h e w h o l e d a m a r e a i s c o v e r e d w i t h Q u a t e r n a r y d e p o s i t s , n o o u t c r o p p i n g b e d r o c k i s f o u n d t h e r e . C o n s t r u c t i o n C o n d i t i o n s T h e c o n s t r u c t i o n s p a c e a t t h e d a m s i t e i s b r o a d , d a m a r e a t h a t n e e d s c l e a n u p a n d s e e p a g e p r e v e n t i o n u s i n g g e o m e m b r a n e i s s m a l l . I n t e n s i t y o f d a m b o d y f i l l i n g i s l o w e r , a n d d i s t a n c e s t o p o w e r s u p p l y a n d w a t e r s o u r c e a r e s h o r t . L a y o u t o f c o n s t r u c t i o n r o a d f o r d a m c o n s t r u c t i o n i s e a s i e r a n d t h e d i s t a n c e f r o m t h e d a m s i t e a n d s p o i l a r e a i s a b o u t 1 . 5 k m . T h e c o n s t r u c t i o n s p a c e a t t h e d a m s i t e i s b r o a d , d a m a r e a t h a t n e e d s c l e a n u p a n d s e e p a g e p r e v e n t i o n u s i n g g e o m e m b r a n e i s b i g g e r . I n t e n s i t y o f d a m b o d y f i l l i n g i s g r e a t e r , a n d d i s t a n c e s t o p o w e r s u p p l y a n d w a t e r s o u r c e a r e s h o r t . T h e d i s t a n c e f r o m t h e d a m s i t e a n d s p o i l a r e a i s a b o u t 3 . 5 k m . I n d u s t r i a l W a t e r S u p p l y M e t h o d s G r a v i t y w a t e r s u p p l y c a n b e r e a l i z e d . C o n s t r u c t i o n o f a p u m p i n g s t a t i o n i s n e e d e d , a n d q u a n t i t y o f c o n s t r u c t i o n i s b i g g e r t h a n t h e r e c o m m e n d e d d a m s i t p l a n . Main Structures Q u a n t i t i e s o f E a r t h a n d R o c k W o r k D a m f i l l i n g t o t a l s 1 . 4 6 9 m i l l i o n m 3 a n d e a r t h e x c a v a t i o n i s 2 . 2 0 7 m i l l i o n m 3 D a m b o d y f i l l i n g i s 1 . 1 2 1 m i l l i o n m 3 , a n d e x c a v a t i o n i s 1 . 8 1 7 m i l l i o n m 3 L a n d O c c u p a t i o n a n d I n u n d a t i o n D a m a g e s L a n d o c c u p i e d b y t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n i s m a i n l y b a r r e n r o c k a n d g r a v e l a r e a , m o u n t a i n a r e a a l o n g b o t h b a n k s o f t h e r i v e r a n d r i v e r b e d o f b a r e g r a v e l s , w h e r e b a s i c a l l y t h e r e i s n o v e g e t a t i o n . S o m e p h y s i c a l o b j e c t s w i l l b e i n u n d a t e d , a n d t h e i n u n d a t i o n a r e a o f t h e r e s e r v o i r i s 0 . 5 6 k m 2 L a n d o c c u p i e d b y t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n i s m a i n l y b a r r e n r o c k a n d g r a v e l a r e a a n d r i v e r b e d o f b a r e g r a v e l s , w h e r e b a s i c a l l y t h e r e i s n o v e g e t a t i o n . B a s e d o n f i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n , i n u n d a t i o n l o s s e s a r e s m a l l e r t h a n t h e u p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n , w i t h r e s e r v o i r i n u n d a t i o n a r e a o f 0 . 6 k m 2 . R e s e t t l e m e n t N o r e s e t t l e m e n t w i l l b e c a u s e d . R a r e F a u n a a n d F l o r a S p e c i e s T h e r e i s n o d i s t r i b u t i o n o f r a r e f a u n a o r f l o r a s p e c i e s f o u n d i n t h e p e r m a n e n t l y o r t e m p o r a r i l y o c c u p i e d l a n d a r e a s . I m p a c t s o n R i v e r E c o - e n v i r o n m e n t E c o - e n v i r o n m e n t o f t h e r i v e r c h a n n e l a t t h e d o w n s t r e a m i s s i m i l a r . B a s i c a l l y t h e r e i s n o f l o w i n t h e r i v e r c h a n n e l , e x c e p t f l o o d i n s u m m e r f l o o d s e a s o n . I m p a c t s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l E r o s i o n E a r t h a n d r o c k e x c a v a t i o n a n d f i l l i n g f o r t h e u p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n a r e b o t h b i g g e r t h a n t h o s e f o r t h e l o w e r d a m s i t e p l a n , t h u s r e s u l t i n g i n m o r e w a t e r a n d s o i l e r o s i o n b e c a u s e o f s o i l d i s t u r b a n c e a n d s p o i l . E n v i r o n m e n t a l S e n s i t i v e A r e a s N o n a t u r a l r e s e r v e i s i n v o l v e d ; W i t h o u t d i s t r i b u t i o n o f t h e T h r e e A r e a s f o r f i s h s p e c i e s ; W i t h o u t e x i s t i n g v a l l e y f o r e s t ; C o n s t r u c t i o n a r e a o f t h e l o w e r d a m s i t e i s l o c a t e d i n t h e g o b i a r e a , f a r f r o m t h e r e s i d e n t i a l a r e a s ; t h e u p p e r d a m s i t e r e q u i r e s u s e o f t h e v i l l a g e r o a d o f M e i y a o V i l l a g e a s e n t r a n c e r o a d t o t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n a r e a , a l o n g t h e r o a d a r e r e s i d e n t i a l a r e a a n d a s c h o o l , w i t h a c l o s e s t d i s t a n c e t o t h e r a o d o f w i t h i n 5 m . Environmental Rationality R e s u l t s f r o m E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A n a l y s i s C o n s t r u c t i o n c o n d i t i o n s o f t h e u p p e r a n d l o w e r d a m s i t e p l a n s a r e b a s i c a l l y i d e n t i c a l i n t e r m o f n o n - e x i s t e n c e o f e n v i r o n m e n t a l c o n s t r a i n t s ; l a n d o c c u p a t i o n o f b o t h p l a n s a r e b a s i c a l l y o f t h e s a m e t y p e , t h e i n u n d a t i o n a r e a o f t h e u p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n i s b i g g e r t h a n t h e l o w e r o n e , b u t t h e l o s s e s c a n b e m i t i g a t e d u s i n g c o m p e n s a t i o n m e a s u r e s ; C 4 a n d C 5 s t o c k g r o u n d o f t h e u p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n c a n r e a l i z e u s e o f e x c a v a t i o n v o l u m e i n f i l l i n g ; U p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n c a n r e a l i z e g r a v i t y w a t e r s u p p l y w h i c h r e d u c e s l a b o r a n d e n e r g y i n p u t f o r w a t e r s u p p l y ; E a r t h e x c a v a t i o n o f t h e u p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n i s b i g g e r a n d t h u s m a y c a u s e g r e a t e r s o i l a n d w a t e r e r o s i o n b u t c a n b e m i t i g a t e d b y u s i n g s o i l a n d w a t e r c o n s e r v a t i o n m e a s u r e s ; C o n s t r u c t i o n u n d e r t h e u p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n m a y c a u s e i m p a c t s o n l i v i n g o f t h e r e s i d e n t s i n M e i y a o g o u V i l l a g e a n d s c h o o l i n g o f t h e k i d s t h e r e , b u t s u c h i m p a c t s c a n b e m i t i g a t e d u s i n g s t r i c t m a n a g e m e n t m e a s u r e s . T h e r e c o m m e n d e d u p p e r d a m s i t e p l a n i s e n v i r o n m e n t a l l y r a t i o n a l . Page 46 45 Table 5.2-2 Alternative Analysis of the Upper and Lower Dam Sites of Ertanggou Reservoir Factors Considered Upper Dam Site Option Lower Dam Site Option(Recommended) Current Environmental Status Along both banks of the dam site are high and broad mountains, with summit elevation ranging from 1505m to 2000m, and the valley at the dam site is north-southward, being a cross valley. Level-I to Level-IV terraces are located along both banks, with slopes with angles from 30° to 50° and being abrupt in some parts. On the right bank of the dam site are outcropping base rocks. The terraces along the river banks are of desert grassland type, with mainly dryland bushes and semi- dryland bushes consisting of caragana, semi-Equiseti Hiemalis and fructus kochiae as the main species, and also various species of grass, with vegetation coverage ratio of about 20%.There are no rare plants distributed there. The valley at the dam site is U-shaped, its right bank is abrupt with upright slope in some parts and its left bank is gentle compared to the right bank, with slope with angle ranging from 30° to 50° but being abrupt in some parts. On the left bank Level-I to Level-Iv terraces are scattered. The terraces along the river banks are of desert grassland type, with mainly dryland bushes and semi-dryland bushes consisting of caragana, semi-Equiseti Hiemalis and fructus kochiae as the main species, and also various species of grass, with vegetation coverage ratio of about 10%.There are no rare plants distributed there. Sensitive Areas Without any natural reserve; Without fish habitat, spawn or migration areas; Without forest in the valley. Land Occupation Land occupied belongs to desert grassland. Permanent land occupation by the dam belongs to similar type. But because of the need to construct a water diversion canal of 1 km in length to connect with the existing Ertanggou main canal, land occupation is bigger than the lower dam site. Land occupied belongs to desert grassland. Permanent land occupation by the dam belongs to similar type. Since the irrigation water release tunnel can directly connect with the existing Ertanggou main canal, there is no need of construction of new canal. Land occupation is smaller than the upper dam site. Inundation Losses The reservoir backwater is 2.5 km in length, and the inundated area of the backwater is 86.41 hm 2 . The reservoir backwater is 2.00 km in length, and the inundated area of the backwater is 83.95 hm 2 . Resettlement 97 people to be resettled in total. 97 people to be resettled in total. Water and Soil Erosion Spoil and disturbed ground surface area are greater. Spoil and disturbed ground surface area are smaller. Investment of construction Results from Environmental Impact Analysis Both options have no environmental constraints from the point of view of environmental impact analysis. Based on inundated physical objects, the losses caused by the upper dam site option is bigger than the lower dam site option, and the upper dam site option needs to construct a water diversion canal of about 1 km in length, while the lower dam site option does not have such a need and thus its earth and rock quantity, temporary and permanent land occupations are all much smaller than the upper dam site option. Additionally, impacts of the lower dam construction on water, acoustic, air and ecological environment are smaller than the upper one. Therefore, the lower dam site option is better than the upper one based on environmental impact analysis. \03 Table 5.2-3 Alternative Analysis of the Upper and Lower Dam Sites of Alagou Reservoir Options Factors Upper Dam Site Lower Dam Site (Recommended) Topography The valley at the dam site is dissymmetrical U-shaped, with nearly upright right bank and relatively gentle left bank with angel of above 50º. Terraces are well-developed, and the Level- II and Level-III terraces are serioius denudated. Mountains on the left bank are thin and dissymmetrical. The bottom width of the valley is 164m. The valley at the dam site is dissymmetrical U-shaped, with relatively well-developed Level-III terraces that extend as terrace scarp; On the left bank only Level-III base terraces extend as narrow, discontinuous strip. The two banks are dissymmetrical and the bottom with of the valley is 135m. Engineering Geology Rock mass at the dam site presents mainly strong corrugation deformation, and totally 6 small faults are found with well- developed joint fractures; Physical weathering of the rocks is strong. The rocks include mainly thin tufaceous layers intermingled with calcium argillaceous shales, and the latter are soft with low mechanical strength and easily get intenerated if getting water after being ripped away Fault and joint fractures are well-developed, there are 36 faults found but all in small scale. Physical weathering of the rocks is strong at the lower dam site. The bottom depth of the layer that is strongly weathered within the dam site is 13m 20m on the left ban, and 0m 2m on the river bank, and 12.5m 26.8m on the right bank. Transportation Layout of the construction road for the upper dam site is easy and the distance to building material ground is short. The stock ground for filling material of the dam body is on average 4.8 km to the dam site, with relatively poor transportation condition. The dam site is about 7.8 km to the spoil area. Layout of the construction road for the upper dam site is relatively difficult. The distance to the building material is short. The stock ground for filling material of the dam body is on average 2 km, with good transportation condition. The dam site is about 5 km to the spoil area. Reservoir Inundation Inundated land area is 1.3 km 2 , including cultivated land of 45.3 mu. Inundated area is 1.2 km 2 , including mainly desert area. Resettlement No resettlement caused by inundation. No resettlement caused by inundation. River Section with Reduced Flow River section with reduced flow is relatively longer, 2.8 km more than that of the lower dam site. River section with reduced flow is relatively shorter. Page 47 46 Flow Eco- environment The upper and lower sections of the river are separated, which impacts on free exchange of organisms and causes change of hydrological regimes of the reservoir area. Since the river section with reduced flow is longer, the impacts on aquatic ecology are greater. The upper and lower sections of the river are separated, which impacts on free exchange of organisms and causes change of hydrological regimes of the reservoir area. Since the river section with reduced flow is shorter, the impacts on aquatic ecology are smaller. Impacts on Water Quality Located within the fishery water use area, level-III water quality standards should be followed. Construction of this dam has similar impacts on water quality of the river section in the reservoir area to those of the lower dam site Located within the fishery water use area, level-III water quality standards should be followed. Construction of this dam has similar impacts on water quality of the river section in the reservoir area to those of the upper dam site. Sensitive Objects Limited residents in the nearby area Limited residents in the nearby area Resettlement No resettlement No resettlement Investment 357.388 million yuan 311.916 million yuan 5.3 Alternative Analyses of Various Construction Techniques (for canal rehabiltiation and construction sub-projects) Table 5.3-1 Alternative Analysis of Canal Lining Sub-project in Turpan City Options Factors Trapezoid-arch shaped stone masonry Trapezoid cast-in-situ concrete slab lining (Recommended option) Construction Condition Difficult construction and longer construction duration Less difficult construction and shorter construction duration Operational Condition With trapezoid-arch shaped cross-section, the flow in the canal section is concentrated with smaller evaporation but bigger seepage losses, poor anti-frost capability, making operational maintenance difficult. The flow in the canal section is dispersed with stronger anti-abrasion capability. Settlement of the canal is smaller and anti-frost capability is stronger, providing better condition for operational maintenance . Sensitive Area Without residential area along the canal. Without residential area along the canal. Land Occupation Total area of land occupied is 124.58 hm 2 , including permanently occupied land of 124.16 hm 2 and temporarily occupied land of 0.415 hm 2 . Total area of land occupied is 124.58 hm 2 , including permanently occupied land of 124.16 hm 2 and temporarily occupied land of 0.415 hm 2 . Vegetation Status Small amount of Sophora alopecuroide, Peganum harmala, gobi Chenopodium album and Kochia scoparia found Small amount of Sophora alopecuroide, Peganum harmala, gobi Chenopodium album and Kochia scoparia found Investment 316.93 yuan /m 300.40 yuan / m Table 5.3-2 Alternative Analysis of Canal Lining Sub-project in Shanshan County \03 Options Factors Option 1 (Recommended) (Trapezoid-arch shaped masonry bottom and concrete sides canal) Option 2 (Trapezoid-arch shaped total masonry canal) Option 3 (Trapezoid-shaped bottom masonry and concrete sides canal) Construction Condition Not difficult to construct; after removing original lining, the canal can be cut straight to have better strike. The canal appears artistic after completion of the construction. But due to removal of original canal lining, the canal can not be used to divert water, which makes water use during construction period difficult and water transportation will be needed. Not difficult to construct; after removing original lining, the canal can be cut straight to have better strike. The canal appears artistic after completion of the construction. But due to removal of original canal lining, the canal can not be used to divert water, which makes water use during construction period difficult and water transportation will be needed. Dry masonry pebble grouting is convenient compared to concrete construction, and needs less water for maintenance. The original canal line in some sections is not regular, difficult to construct some canal sections that are seriously damaged due to frozen-heave; since the original pebble structure of the canal is not removed, the canal may not be artistic after completion of the construction. Sensitive Area Without residential area along the canal. Without residential area along the canal. Without residential area along the canal. Land Occupation Total area of land occupied is 56.99 hm 2 , including permanently occupied land of 40 hm 2 and temporarily occupied land of 16.99 hm 2 . Total area of land occupied is 56.99 hm 2 , including permanently occupied land of 40 hm 2 and temporarily occupied land of 16.99 hm 2 . Total area of land occupied is 56.99 hm 2 , including permanently occupied land of 40 hm 2 and temporarily occupied land of 16.99 hm 2 . Vegetation Status Along both sides of the canal there are a few trees, including Along both sides of the canal there are a few trees, including mainly planted willow Along both sides of the canal there are a few trees, including Page 48 47 mainly planted willow and poplar trees, etc. Vegetation at the edge of the canal includes mainly reaumuria soongorica, salsola and other desert plants. and poplar trees, etc. Vegetation at the edge of the canal includes mainly reaumuria soongorica and salsola and other desert plants. mainly planted willow and poplar trees, etc. Vegetation at the edge of the canal includes mainly reaumuria soongorica, salsola and other desert plants. Investment 517 yuan/m 645 yuan/m 630 yuan/m Table 5.3-3 Alternative Analysis of Alagou Main Water Diversion Canal Options Factors Total cross-section grouting masonry canal (Recommended) Canal of grouting masonry bottom and concrete slab side Topographic and Geological Conditions With topographically complicated areas along the canal line, being scarps and alluvial flats eroded by river water. Outcropped rocks in the river basin include mainly calc-tufa and tufaceous sandy rocks. At the downstream of the river basin is widely distributed Quaternary loose accumulative formations, with depth of above 60m and less clay content. Groundwater table is shallow, within 10m or so. Located in a region that is structurally stable. With topographically complicated areas along the canal line, being scarps and alluvial flats eroded by river water. Outcropped rocks in the river basin include mainly calc- tufa and tufaceous sandy rocks. At the downstream of the river basin is widely distributed Quaternary loose accumulative formations, with depth of above 60m and less clay content. Groundwater table is shallow, within 10m or so. Located in a region that is structurally stable. Natural Building Material Pebbles needed can be collected in the river bed close by, where the pebbles can meet quality and quantity requirements of the construction. Pebble transportation is convenient with a distance of 2.0 km. Concrete aggregate stock ground is selected in the river bed of Alagou River at 1 km downstream of the mountain mouth, where there is an abundance of aggregate material. Average distance of transportation of the aggregates is relatively long, being 4.0 km. Construction Condition Without big amount of earth work and construction is easy. But rock work of masonry is of big amount, while construction duration is relatively long. Easy to get water for construction purpose. Without big amount of earth work, but maintenance of concrete will take longer time, while water-seal treatment of the concrete slab on the sides is complicated. Sensitive Area Without residential area along the canal. Without residential area along the canal. Land Occupation Total area of land occupied is 39.55 hm 2 , including permanently occupied land of 37.37 hm 2 and temporarily occupied land of 2.18 hm 2 , including mainly river bed, terraces and gravel desert. Total area of land occupied is 39.55 hm 2 , including permanently occupied land of 37.37 hm 2 and temporarily occupied land of 2.18 hm 2 , including mainly river bed, terraces and gravel desert. Vegetation Status Plants are growing only along the river bed, belonging to typical vegetation in extremely arid desert valley. Vegetation species include Xinjiang Poplar, tamarix, achnatherum splendens, reeds, peganum harmals, etc. Plants are growing only along the river bed, belonging to typical vegetation in extremely arid desert valley. Vegetation species include Xinjiang Poplar, tamarix, achnatherum splendens, reeds, peganum harmals, etc. Investment 7.2366 million yuan 8.0900 million yuan Page 49 48 5.4 Alternative Analysis of Irrigation Methods (for water-saving irrigation sub- projects) Table 5.4-1 Alternative Analysis of Water-saving Irrigation Sub-projects Options Factors Recommended Option Alternative Option Analysis Water Supply Methods Well and pressure water supply Well and gravity water supply Pressure water supply has small investment and water supply is relatively dispersed, so easier to operate. Water source is stable. Pipe Material Glass reinforced plastic pipe Pre-reinforced concrete pipe Glass reinforced plastic pipe has bigger discharge capacity than pre-reinforced concrete pipe, but lower cost. Irrigation Methods Drip Irrigation 1. Ordinary water saving 2. Low pressure pipe irrigation 3. Sprinkler irrigation Water Saved 40% —60% 1. about 10% 2. 10 20 3. 15 25 Crop Yield Increase 30 40% 1. 5 8% 2. 7 10% 3. 10 25% M a i n S t r u c t u r e s Investment Bigger 1. Smaller 2. Similar to sprinkler irrigation 3. Smaller than drip irrigation Overuse of groundwater in the project area is serious. Comprehensive analysis indicates drip irrigation is most effective in saving water. Besides, the winds in the project area are strong, irrigation is uneven, so sprinkler irrigation is not suitable for application. Water and Soil Erosion Earth excavation and filling of the options is of similar amount, so the water and soil erosion impact of the options has no big discrepancy. Environmental Feasibility Land Occupation Of same amount. Results of Environmental Impact Assessment Based on comprehensive analysis, the recommended option has stronger water-saving capacity and can reduce agricultural water use, improve irrigation condition in the irrigation areas while reducing abstraction of groundwater and mitigating overuse of groundwater. Therefore, in the environmental impact perspective, the recommended option is better than the others. 5.5Alternative Analysis of Karez Protection Sub-project Two options are compared for the main construction activities of Wudaolin Karez protection sub-project, including water engineering structure protection option and cultural relics unit protection option, as shown in the following table. Table 5.5-1 Alternative Analysis of Construction Activities of Wudaolin Karez Protection Sub-project Options Factors 1. Water Engineering Structure Protection Option (Traditional Pre-cast Concrete Pipe Protection Structure Option) 2. Cultural Relics Unit Protection ( Recommended ) Anchor Rod and Grid Cable Concrete Spray Structure Page 50 49 Construction Methods Extend and dredge the water collection section of the culvert; line and reinforce the culvert, use new technology and measures to protect the culvert , so as to reduce future maintenance and ensure long-lasting effective protection of the culvert. Lining of culvert uses city gate shaped pre-cast concrete pipes to support, beneath the pipes is concrete base underlay, with width of 1m and thickness of 0.2m; Thickness of the city gate-shaped pre-cast concrete pipe wall is 0.10m, each pipe is 0.4m in length. In order to ensure safety and stability of the concrete pipes, double reinforced steel cable is arranged. For the convenience of construction, the city gate shaped concrete pipes will be pre- casted in two parts. Reinforce the shaft wells that have collapsed or are in the danger of collapse to ensure safety and normal water diversion; Cover the openings of the shafts to protect against wind and sandstorm by using pre- casted concrete slabs. Reinforce the outlet part of the culvert to protect against outlet collapse and prevent losses of people ’s life and property. Line the opening channel part to prevent seepage; Reinforce the pond part of the Karez and the banks that have landslide problem. Use lining and reinforcement to the whole culvert of the Karez. Use anchor rod and cable concrete spray supporting method to protect the culvert. The anchor rod is of 20 type, to be installed in the shape of plum blossom, with a spacing of 0.8m. The plastic grids with sprayed concrete will be used to protect the weathered rock surface. The bottom of the culvert will be pre-cast concrete U-shaped canal with discharge capacity as required, and concrete will be filled along the both banks of the canal. Reinforce the shaft wells that have collapsed or are in the danger of collapse to ensure safety and normal water diversion; Cover the openings of the shafts to protect against wind and sandstorm by using pre-cast concrete slabs Reinforce the outlet part of the culvert to protect against outlet collapse and prevent losses of people’s life and property Line the opening channel part to prevent seepage; Reinforce the outlet part of the culvert to protect against outlet collapse and prevent losses of people’s life and property. Construction Condition Pre-cast concrete is heavy and relatively difficult for transportation and convey (especially convey in the culvert of the Karez), making the construction complicated and resulting in more labor input. Avoid manual convey of big volume pre-cast concrete, making construction easier with less labor work needed. Adaptability The rigid concrete structure results in poor adaptability to deformation of the tunnel. Geo-grids with sprayed concrete will be used for protection, which is good to adapt to deformation. Land Occupation 2.215 hm 2 1.437 hm 2 Investment 6.10 million yuan 3.50 million yuan Construction of Main Structures Spoil 4700m 3 4636m 3 Impact on Karez Landscape While meeting the structural requirement of the Karez, the appearance of the culvert will be totally changed. With only a layer of sprayed concrete on the wall of the culvert, the appearance of the culvert will not have much change, which is in line with requirements of preservation of the culture and history of the Karez. Water and Soil Erosion Bigger volume of construction work, with more land occupied and more spoil and thus bigger water and soil erosion. Smaller volume of construction work, with less land occupied and less spoil and thus smaller water and soil erosion. Environmental Impacts Other Impacts More construction workers, with more wastewater and rubbish produced, resulting in bigger unfavorable environmental impacts. Less construction workers, with less wastewater and rubbish produced, resulting in smaller unfavorable environmental impacts. Conclusions from the alternative analysis: From the above table, it is clear that Option 2 is better than Option 1 from the perspectives of construction of main structures and environmental impacts, and is therefore reasonable to be the recommended option. Page 51 50 6 Environmental Management Plan 6.1 Environmental Management System Figure 6.1-1 Environmental Management System C o u n t y / c i t y e n v . M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n E n v . A s s e s s m e n t I n s t i t u t e D e s i g n I n s t i t u t e C o n s t r u c t i o n C o n t r a c t o r s E n v . S u p e r v i s i o n E n g i n e e r s C o u n t y / c i t y e n v . M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n O w n e r o r O p e r a t o r Autonomous Region Level Prefecture Level Project Owners Environmental Protection Bureau (EPB) WB Turpan Prefecture Environmental Protection Bureau T u r p a n C i t y E P B S h a n s h a n E P B T u o k e s u n E P B Turpan Prefecture WB Loan Project T u r p a n C i t y W R B S h a n s h a n C o u n t y W R B T u o k e s u n C o u n t y W R B County/city Level Enterprise Level Water Resources Bureau Page 52 51 Table 6.1-1 Environmental Management Institutions Nature Name Duties Turpan Prefecture PMO Project management institution Management institution Turpan Prefecture environmental management office Project environmental management institution WB Supervision and inspection over the implementation of EMP Supervision institution Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region EPB, Turpan prefecture EPB, EPBs of two counties and one city Governmental administrative supervision and management institution Implementation institution Contractor Implementation institution to finalize environmental protection measures during construction period Environmental experts group Assigned by project environmental management institution, implement environmental review, consulting and technical assistance Environmental supervision engineer Assigned by project environmental management institution, supervise and manage Contractors environmentally Project supervision engineer Establish a channel for transferring the correspondences between environmental supervision engineer and contractors Consulting institution Environmental Monitoring institution Assigned by project environmental management institution, carry out environmental monitoring \03 6.2 Environmental Management Tasks during Different Stages (1) Feasibility Study The environmental management activities during project feasibility study stage are the environmental assessment on the proposed project including EIA report and EMP. (2) Design The environmental management activities during project design stage are to review the final design report of the project so as to ensure involving in the final design of the project the various environmental protection measures (environmental protection measures to be done in project design, construction period and operation period, respectively) specified in the environmental assessment. (3) Bidding The environmental management activities during project bidding stage are to ensure the involvement of the environmental protection measures specified in the environmental assessment in the project construction contract. (4) Construction The environmental management activities during project bidding stage are to implement environmental protection measures and monitoring program particularly for construction period specified in the environmental assessment. Page 53 52 Contractors will be responsible for the implementation of environmental protection measures. Environmental supervision engineer will do supervision and management upon the construction activities carried out by contractors on the site. (5) Operation The environmental management activities during project operation stage are to implement environmental protection measures and monitoring program particularly for operation period specified in the environmental assessment. Table 6.2-1 Project Environmental Protection Monitoring Plan Period Institutions Monitoring Items Aims FS Environmental Protection Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Turpan Prefecture Environmental Protection Bureau WB Water Resources Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 1. review EIA Report (or Checklist); 2. review EMP 1. ensure overall environmental assessment contents, proper selection of special topics and focuses outstanding; 2. ensure considerations and reflections of vital potential possible problems; 3. ensure specific workable implementation plan available for environmental impact mitigation measures. Initial design period and construc tion period Government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Environmental Protection Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Water Resources Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government of Turpan Prefecture Turpan Prefecture Environmental Protection Bureau Turpan Prefecture Cultural Relic Bureau 1. review initial design of environmental protection and EAP; 2. inspect reinstatement of temporarily occupied land, restoration of vegetation, environmental restoration; 3. inspect measures in terms of duct control, noise control and pollution control, determine construction time; 4. inspect emission of air pollutants; 5. inspect discharge and treatment of living sewage and waste engine oil; 6. restoration and treatment of borrow site and disposal site; 7. make sure if there is buried relic or not. 1. strictly carry out three-concurrence; 2.ensure those sites in conformity with environmtal protection requirements; 3. reduce the impacts of construction on surrounding environment, abide by related environmental protection regulations and codes; 5. ensure water quality of inland rivers without pollution; 6. ensure sights and land resources without serious damages, avoid occurrence of land and soil erosion; 7. protect cultural relicts against damages. Operatio n period Turpan Prefecture Environmental Protection Bureau Environmental Protection Bureaus at county/city levels Water Resources Bureaus at county/city levels Public Security and Fire Fighting Departments at county/city levels 1. inspect EMP implementation during operation period; 2. inspect implementation of environmental monitoring plan; 3.identify sensitive points in need of taking further environmental protection measures (for possible environmental problems beyond expectation); 4. inspect whether or not the environmental quality at sensitive points is satisfied with related quality standards; 5. inspect implementation of water and soil conservation scheme; 6. inspect implementation of water and soil erosion monitoring plan; 7. strength monitoring, prevent occurrence of emergencies, launch a contingency plan for major emergencies, and get rid of risks in case of emergencies. 1. Finalize EMP and water and soil conservation scheme; 2. Finalize water and soil erosion monitoring plan; 3. Protect environment actually; 4. enhance environmental management and protect public health actually. Page 54 53 6.3 Environmental Protection Measures Relevant details are shown in Section 4.2 of Chapter 4. 6.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan Since canal construction/rehabilitation, water-saving irrigation and Karez Protection sub- projects all have construction activities that are smaller in construction volume and shorter in construction period and thus smaller in terms of adverse environmental impacts during construction period, and they do not cause adverse environmental impacts during operation period, their EIAs for the sub-projects do not include environmental monitoring plans. Environmental monitoring plans for reservoir construction activities during construction and operation periods are as follows. Page 55 5 4 T a b l e 6 . 4 - 1 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g o f M e i y a o g o u R e s e r v o i r P r o j e c t d u r i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n P e r i o d Time Monitoring Targets M o n i t o r i n g P o i n t s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g F r e q u e n c y U n i t P r i c e ( Y u a n / m o n i t o r i n g ) A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g I n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t Living Water for construction personnel W a t e r i n t a k e f o r l i v i n g a r e a f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r s o n n e l p H , D O , m i n e r a l i z a t i o n , c h l o r i d e , C O D M n , B O D 5 , S S , A m m o n i a N i t r o g e n , v o l a t i l e p h e n o l , W a t e r - s o l u b l e I o n i c I r o n , T o t a l M a n g a n e s e C o n t e n t , t o t a l c o p p e r c o n t e n t , t o t a l z i n c c o n t e n t , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , f l u o r i d , t o t a l a r s e n i c c o n t e n t , t o t a l c a d m i u m c o n t e n t , h e x a v a l e n t c h r o m i u m , p e t r o l e u m g r o u p , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , e t c . 2 0 i t e m s t o t a l l y M o n i t o r i n g w i l l g o t h r o u g h w h o l e c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d . S a m p l i n g w i l l b e d o n e i n r i c h w a t e r , n o r m a l w a t e r a n d d r y t o t a l l y t h r e e p e r i o d s . S a m p l i n g t w i c e i n e a c h p e r i o d a t a n i n t e r v a l o f 5 d a y s l e a s t . 1 2 4 5 3 7 3 5 . 0 0 6 8 4 7 . 5 0 Construction Period Waste water from aggregates batching system O n e m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t w i l l b e s e t a t t h e i n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t m e n t f a c i l i t i e s r e s p e c t i v e l y p H , S S M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 4 1 0 1 6 4 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 6 . 6 7 1 5 8 6 7 . 5 T u r p a n P r e f e c t u r e E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n S u r f a c e W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d ( G B 3 8 3 8 - 2 0 0 2 ) T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s O f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g Page 56 5 5 Waste water from machinery repairing system i n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f m a c h i n e r y r e p a i r i n g w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m S S , p e t r o l e u m g r o u p M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 4 1 0 1 6 4 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 6 . 6 7 Domestic sewage I n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f d o m e s t i c s e w a g e t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m i n l i v i n g a r e a C O D c r , B O D 5 , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 4 1 0 1 6 4 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 6 . 6 7 A m b i e n t a i r Air quality at construction concentrated area O n e m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t a t d a m c o n s t r u c t i o n a r e a T S P M o n i t o r i n g o n c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d , s a m p l i n g e v e r y d a y a t 0 9 : 0 0 , 1 4 : 0 0 , 1 9 0 0 r e s p e c t i v e l y 1 8 0 . 0 0 7 2 0 . 0 0 1 3 2 0 . 0 0 1 3 2 0 . 0 0 T u r p a n P r e f e c t u r e E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n S u r f a c e W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d ( G B 3 8 3 8 - 2 0 0 2 ) T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g A c o u s t i c E n v i r o n m e n t O n e m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t a t d a m c o n s t r u c t i o n a r e a ( e q u i v a l e n t n o i s e s i d e b a n d A ) L e q M o n i t o r i n g o n e d a y p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d , s a m p l i n g a t 1 0 0 0 , 1 4 0 0 , 2 2 0 0 r e s p e c t i v e l y 1 4 0 . 0 0 5 6 0 . 0 0 1 0 2 6 . 6 7 Sensitive point O n e m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t a t M e i Y a o G o u V i l l a g e l o c a t e d a l o n g t h e a c c e s s r o a d ( e q u i v a l e n t n o i s e s i d e b a n d A ) L e q M o n i t o r i n g o n e d a y p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d , s a m p l i n g a t 1 0 0 0 , 1 4 0 0 , 2 2 0 0 r e s p e c t i v e l y 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 6 8 0 . 0 0 3 0 8 0 . 0 0 4 1 0 6 . 6 7 T u r p a n P r e f e c t u r e E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n A c o u s t i c E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g ruc tio n Pe W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n Page 57 5 6 M o n i t o r e d A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g C o n t e n t s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / P e a r ) M o n i t o r i n g T i m e ( Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g i n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d - e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n Main Civil Works Area S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; P l a n t p e r c e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d - e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e , w i n d - e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f o r i g i n a l l a n d f o r m 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n Quarry/borrow Area S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; q u a r r y / b o r r o w q u a n t i t y O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d - e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n Disposal Yard S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n 1 2 9 7 6 0 2 . 5 3 2 4 4 0 0 3 2 4 , 4 0 0 W i t h w a t e r a n d s o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m o n i t o r i n g q u a l i f i c a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g ( S L 2 7 7 - 2 0 0 2 ) T o t a l C o s t o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g D u r i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n P e r i o d 3 4 5 , 7 0 0 — — — — Page 58 5 7 T a b l e 6 . 4 - 2 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g o f M e i y a o g o u R e s e r v o i r P r o j e c t d u r i n g O p e r a t i o n P e r i o d Time M o n i t o r i n g T a r g e t s M o n i t o r i n g P o i n t s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g F r e q u e n c y U n i t P r i c e ( Y u a n / m o n i t o r i n g ) A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g i n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s R e m a k r s W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t R i v e r W a t e r Q u a l i t y p H , D O , C O D M n , B O D 5 , A m m o n i a N i t r o g e n , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , f l u o r i d , h e x a v a l e n t c h r o m i u m , s u l f a t e , c h l o r i d e , i r o n , H g , l e a d , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , e t c . S a m p l i n g w i l l b e d o n e i n r i c h w a t e r , n o r m a l w a t e r a n d d r y t o t a l l y t h r e e p e r i o d s e a c h y e a r . S a m p l i n g t w i c e i n e a c h p e r i o d a t a n i n t e r v a l o f 5 d a y s l e a s t . 9 0 0 2 7 0 0 8 1 0 0 H y d r o l o g i c a l o b s e r v a t i o n C r o s s s e c t i o n s c u t a t t h e e n d o f r e s e r v o i r b a c k w a t e r a n d r e s e r v o i r w a t e r s u p p l y c u l v e r t p i p e I n f l o w , o u t f l o w , w a t e r t e m p e r a t u r e 3 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r d a y . M o n i t o r i n g f r e q u e n c y c a n b e m o r e c l o s e d u r i n g f l o o d p e r i o d — 2 5 0 0 7 5 0 0 Operation Period Q u a l i t y o f d o m e s t i c s e w a g e f r o m p r o j e c t m a n a g e m e n t a r e a I n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m f o r d o m e s t i c s e w a g e f r o m p r o j e c t m a n a g e m e n t a r e a C O D c r , B O D 5 , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t O n c e p e r y e a r 4 1 0 4 1 0 1 2 3 0 1 6 8 3 0 T u r p a n P r e f e c t u r e E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n S u r f a c e W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d ( G B 3 8 3 8 - 2 0 0 2 ) T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s O f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g M o n i t o r i n g t i m e l i m i t f o r o p e r a t i o n p e r i o d : a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n , m o n i t o r i n g s h a l l b e d o n e i n s u c c e s s i v e t h r e e y e a r s . \03 Page 59 5 8 \03 T a b l e 6 . 4 - 3 \03 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g o f E r t a n g g o u R e s e r v o i r P r o j e c t d u r i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n P e r i o d Time Monitoring Targets M o n i t o r i n g P o i n t s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g F r e q u e n c y U n i t P r i c e ( Y u a n / m o n i t o r i n g ) A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) Monitoring Institution A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t Living Water for construction personnel W a t e r i n t a k e f o r l i v i n g a r e a f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r s o n n e l p H , D O , m i n e r a l i z a t i o n , c h l o r i d e , C O D M n , B O D 5 , S S , A m m o n i a N i t r o g e n , v o l a t i l e p h e n o l , W a t e r - s o l u b l e I o n i c I r o n , T o t a l M a n g a n e s e C o n t e n t , t o t a l c o p p e r c o n t e n t , t o t a l z i n c c o n t e n t , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , f l u o r i d , t o t a l a r s e n i c c o n t e n t , t o t a l c a d m i u m c o n t e n t , h e x a v a l e n t c h r o m i u m , p e t r o l e u m g r o u p , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , e t c . 2 0 i t e m s t o t a l l y M o n i t o r i n g w i l l g o t h r o u g h w h o l e c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d . S a m p l i n g w i l l b e d o n e i n r i c h w a t e r , n o r m a l w a t e r a n d d r y t o t a l l y t h r e e p e r i o d s . S a m p l i n g t w i c e i n e a c h p e r i o d a t a n i n t e r v a l o f 5 d a y s l e a s t . 1 4 0 0 5 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 Waste water from aggregates batching system O n e m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t w i l l b e s e t a t t h e i n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t m e n t f a c i l i t i e s r e s p e c t i v e l y p H S S M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 5 2 0 2 0 8 0 5 2 0 0 Waste water from machinery repairing system i n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f m a c h i n e r y r e p a i r i n g w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m S S , p e t r o l e u m g r o u p M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 5 2 0 2 0 8 0 5 2 0 0 Construction Period Domesti c sewage I n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f d o m e s t i c s e w a g e t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m i n l i v i n g a r e a C O D c r , B O D 5 , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 5 2 0 2 0 8 0 5 2 0 0 2 8 6 0 0 Turpan Prefecture Environmental Monitoring Station S u r f a c e W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d ( G B 3 8 3 8 - 2 0 0 2 ) T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s O f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g Constructio n Period W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n Page 60 5 9 M o n i t o r e d A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g C o n t e n t s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / P e a r ) M o n i t o r i n g T i m e ( Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) Monitoring institution A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n Complex structures S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d Complex works Management station S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d Access Road Permanent road S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e , w i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f o r i g i n a l l a n d f o r m 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d Quarry/borrow area C 1-2 sand and gravel quarry site slope S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; q u a r r y / b o r r o w q u a n t i t y O n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n C 3 concrete aggregates quarry site S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; q u a r r y / b o r r o w q u a n t i t y O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n 2 2 6 1 0 0 3 6 7 8 3 0 0 6 7 8 3 0 0 With water and soil conservation monitoring qualification certificate T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g ( S L 2 7 7 - 2 0 0 2 ) Page 61 6 0 p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n D i s p o s a l y a r d S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; t e m p o r a r y s t a c k i n g q u a n t i t y o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d - e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n L i n e w o r k s S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d T o t a l C o s t o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g D u r i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n P e r i o d 7 0 6 , 9 0 0 — — — — N o t e : T h e c o s t o f r e s e r v o i r b o t t o m d r e d g i n g a n d s t u b b i n g i n a n a m o u n t o f 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 Y u a n i s i n c l u d e d i n t h e c o m p e n s a t i o n f o r r e s e r v o i r l a n d r e q u i s i t i o n a n d r e s e t t l e m e n t a n d n o t l i s t i n t h e t o t a l c o s t o f E M P a g a i n . Page 62 6 1 T a b l e 6 . 4 - 4 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g o f E r t a n g g o u R e s e r v o i r P r o j e c t d u r i n g O p e r a t i o n P e r i o d \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 152.0 80.4 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 84.7 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 88.9 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 93.2 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 97.5 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 101.7 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 106.1 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 110.3 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 114.6 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 118.8 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 123.1 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 127.4 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 131.6 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 135.8 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 140.1 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 144.5 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 148.7 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 152.0 152.9 8.5 4.3 90 : \03 T i m e M o n i t o r i n g T a r g e t s M o n i t o r i n g P o i n t s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g F r e q u e n c y U n i t P r i c e ( Y u a n / m o n i t o r i n g ) A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g i n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s R i v e r w a t e r q u a l i t y p H , D O , C O D M n , B O D 5 , A m m o n i a N i t r o g e n , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , f l u o r i d , h e x a v a l e n t c h r o m i u m , s u l f a t e , c h l o r i d e , i r o n , H g , l e a d , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , e t c . S a m p l i n g w i l l b e d o n e i n r i c h w a t e r , n o r m a l w a t e r a n d d r y t o t a l l y t h r e e p e r i o d s e a c h y e a r . S a m p l i n g t w i c e i n e a c h p e r i o d a t a n i n t e r v a l o f 5 d a y s l e a s t . 9 0 0 2 7 0 0 8 1 0 0 H y d r o l o g i c a l o b s e r v a t i o n C r o s s s e c t i o n s c u t a t t h e e n d o f r e s e r v o i r b a c k w a t e r a n d r e s e r v o i r w a t e r s u p p l y c u l v e r t p i p e I n f l o w , o u t f l o w , w a t e r t e m p e r a t u r e 3 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r d a y . M o n i t o r i n g f r e q u e n c y c a n b e m o r e c l o s e d u r i n g f l o o d p e r i o d — 2 5 0 0 7 5 0 0 Operation Period Q u a l i t y o f d o m e s t i c s e w a g e f r o m p r o j e c t m a n a g e m e n t a r e a I n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m f o r d o m e s t i c s e w a g e f r o m p r o j e c t m a n a g e m e n t a r e a C O D c r , B O D 5 , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n , m o n i t o r i n g s h a l l b e d o n e i n s u c c e s s i v e t h r e e y e a r s . O n c e p e r y e a r . 4 1 0 4 1 0 1 2 3 0 1 6 8 3 0 T u r p a n P r e f e c t u r e E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n S u r f a c e W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d ( G B 3 8 3 8 - 2 0 0 2 ) T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g \03 Page 63 6 2 T a b l e 6 . 4 - 5 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g o f A l a g o u R e s e r v o i r P r o j e c t d u r i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n P e r i o d \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 Time Monitoring Targets M o n i t o r i n g P o i n t s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g F r e q u e n c y U n i t P r i c e ( Y u a n / m o n i t o r i n g ) A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g I n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Living water for construction personnel W a t e r i n t a k e f o r l i v i n g a r e a f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r s o o n e l p H , D O , m i n e r a l i z a t i o n , c h l o r i d e , C O D M n , B O D 5 , S S , A m m o n i a N i t r o g e n , v o l a t i l e p h e n o l , W a t e r - s o l u b l e I o n i c I r o n , T o t a l M a n g a n e s e C o n t e n t , t o t a l c o p p e r c o n t e n t , t o t a l z i n c c o n t e n t , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , f l u o r i d , t o t a l a r s e n i c c o n t e n t , t o t a l c a d m i u m c o n t e n t , h e x a v a l e n t c h r o m i u m , p e t r o l e u m g r o u p , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , e t c . 2 0 i t e m s t o t a l l y M o n i t o r i n g w i l l g o t h r o u g h w h o l e c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d . S a m p l i n g w i l l b e d o n e i n r i c h w a t e r , n o r m a l w a t e r a n d d r y t o t a l l y t h r e e p e r i o d s . S a m p l i n g t w i c e i n e a c h p e r i o d a t a n i n t e r v a l o f 5 d a y s l e a s t . 1 3 5 0 4 0 5 0 1 6 2 0 0 Waste water from aggregates batching system O n e m o n i t o r i n g p o i n t w i l l b e s e t a t t h e i n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t m e n t f a c i l i t i e s r e s p e c t i v e l y p H , S S M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 4 6 0 1 8 4 0 7 3 6 0 Waste water from machinery repairing system i n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f m a c h i n e r y r e p a i r i n g w a s t e w a t e r t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m S S , p e t r o l e u m g r o u p M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 4 6 0 1 8 4 0 7 3 6 0 Domestic sewage I n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f d o m e s t i c s e w a g e t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m i n l i v i n g a r e a C O D c r , B O D 5 , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t M o n i t o r i n g t w i c e p e r q u a r t e r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 4 6 0 1 8 4 0 7 3 6 0 3 8 2 8 0 T u r p a n P r e f e c t u r e E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g S t a t i o n S u r f a c e W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d ( G B 3 8 3 8 - 2 0 0 2 ) T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s O f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g Page 64 6 3 W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r e d A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g C o n t e n t s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / P e a r ) M o n i t o r i n g T i m e ( Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g i n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n Management station S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n M a i n c i v i l w o r k s a r e a A c c e s s r o a d t o r e s e r v o i r S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n Q u a r r y / b o r r w s i t e s Y u ’ E r G o u s a n d a n d g r a v e l q u a r r y s i t e s l o p e p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g t w o s t e e l d r i l l s ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e , w i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f o r i g i n a l l a n d f o r m 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n 1 3 8 , 1 3 3 . 3 3 4 . 5 6 2 1 6 0 0 6 2 1 , 6 0 0 W i t h w a t e r a n d s o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m o n i t o r i n g q u a l i f i c a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g ( S L 2 7 7 - 2 0 0 2 ) Page 65 6 4 S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; q u a r r y / b o r r o w q u a n t i t y O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n s a n d a n d g r a v e l q u a r r y s i t e a t d o w n s t r e a m r i v e r b e d / r i v e r b e a c h S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; q u a r r y / b o r r o w q u a n t i t y O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n S t a c k i n g y a r d S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t ; t e m p o r a r y s t a c k i n g q u a n t i t y O n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d C o n s t r u c t i o n t e m p o r a r y r o a d p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g o n e s t e e l d r i l l ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n Page 66 6 5 S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n p e n e t r a t i o n m e t h o d f o r s u r v e y i n g w i n d e r o s i o n ( p e n e t r a t i n g t w o s t e e l d r i l l s ) W i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f d i s t u r b e d g r o u n d s u r f a c e , w i n d e r o s i o n a m o u n t o f o r i g i n a l l a n d f o r m 8 ~ 1 0 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d ; o n c e p e r m o n t h d u r i n g s t r o n g w i n d s e a s o n L i v i n g a r e a f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r s o n n e l S u r v e y a n d m o n i t o r i n g ( w h o l e a r e a ) r e s p o n s i b i l i t y c o m m a n d a r e a , m e a s u r e s a n d e f f e c t o f p r e v e n t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t O n c e b e f o r e c o n s t r u c t i o n , o n c e p e r y e a r d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d o n c e a f t e r p r o j e c t c o m p l e t i o n T o t a l C o s t o f E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g D u r i n g C o n s t r u c t i o n P e r i o d 6 5 9 , 9 0 0 — — — — N o t e : A l a g o u r e s e r v o i r p r o j e c t i s d e s i g n e d t o h a v e a c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d o f 4 8 m o n t h s . Page 67 6 6 \03 T a b l e 6 . 4 - 6 \03 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g o f A l a g o u R e s e r v o i r P r o j e c t d u r i n g O p e r a t i o n P e r i o d \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 Time M o n i t o r i n g T a r g e t s M o n i t o r i n g P o i n t s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g F r e q u e n c y U n i t P r i c e ( Y u a n / m o n i t o r i n g ) A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n / Y e a r ) C o s t p e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) Monitoring institution A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s Remakrs W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l R i v e r w a t e r q u a l i t y p H , D O , C O D M n , B O D 5 , A m m o n i a N i t r o g e n , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , f l u o r i d , h e x a v a l e n t c h r o m i u m , s u l f a t e , c h l o r i d e , i r o n , H g , l e a d , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , e t c . S a m p l i n g w i l l b e d o n e i n r i c h w a t e r , n o r m a l w a t e r a n d d r y t o t a l l y t h r e e p e r i o d s e a c h y e a r . S a m p l i n g t w i c e i n e a c h p e r i o d a t a n i n t e r v a l o f 5 d a y s l e a s t . 9 0 0 2 7 0 0 8 1 0 0 H y d r o l o g i c a l o b s e r v a t i o n C r o s s s e c t i o n s c u t a t t h e e n d o f r e s e r v o i r b a c k w a t e r a n d r e s e r v o i r w a t e r s u p p l y c u l v e r t p i p e I n f l o w , o u t f l o w , w a t e r t e m p e r a t u r e 3 m o n i t o r i n g s p e r d a y . M o n i t o r i n g f r e q u e n c y c a n b e m o r e c l o s e d u r i n g f l o o d p e r i o d — 2 5 0 0 7 5 0 0 Q u a l i t y o f d o m e s t i c s e w a g e f r o m p r o j e c t m a n a g e m e n t a r e a I n l e t a n d o u t l e t o f t r e a t m e n t s y s t e m f o r d o m e s t i c s e w a g e f r o m p r o j e c t m a n a g e m e n t a r e a C O D c r , B O D 5 , f e c a l c o l i f o r m b a c t e r i a c o l o n y , t o t a l p h o s p h o r c o n t e n t , t o t a l n i t r o g e n c o n t e n t , a n i o n i c s u r f a c t a n t O n c e p e r y e a r 4 1 0 4 1 0 1 2 3 0 1 6 8 3 0 Turpan Prefecture Environmental Monitoring Station S u r f a c e W a t e r E n v i r o n m e n t a l Q u a l i t y S t a n d a r d ( G B 3 8 3 8 - 2 0 0 2 ) T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n F o r E n v i r o n m e n t a l M o n i t o r i n g Monitoring time limit for operation period: after project completion, monitoring shall be done in successive three years. \03 \03 \03 Page 68 6 7 T a b l e 6 . 4 - 7 \03 \03 \03 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r W a t e r / S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g o f W a t e r - s a v i n g I r r i g a t i o n P r o j e c t o f T u r p a n C i t y P r o j e c t N a m e M o n i t o r i n g A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g P e r i o d ( Y e a r ) C o s t P e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) Monitoring institution A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h P o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d O n - f a r m p i p e l i n e a r e a R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d P r o j e c t a r e a b e y o n d f a r m l a n d R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d C o n s t r u c t i o n r o a d a r e a R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n T u r p a n C i t y W a t e r - s a v i n g I r r i g a t i o n P r o j e c t D i s p o s a l y a r d F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h 8 5 0 5 0 2 1 7 0 1 0 0 1 7 0 1 0 0 With water and soil conservation monitoring qualification certificate Technical Specifications of Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring (SL277-2002) Page 69 6 8 p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d T a b l e 6 . 4 - 8 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r W a t e r / S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g o f W a t e r - s a v i n g I r r i g a t i o n P r o j e c t o f S h a n s h a n C o u n t y P r o j e c t N a m e M o n i t o r i n g A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g P e r i o d ( Y e a r ) C o s t P e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g i n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d Pipeline area p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d n a t u r a l r e c o v e r y p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d Temporary construction and living area p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d n a t u r a l r e c o v e r y p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n S h a n s h a n C o u n t y W a t e r - s a v i n g I r r i g a t i o n P r o j e c t Construction road area F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d 1 2 2 9 0 0 2 2 4 5 8 0 0 2 4 5 8 0 0 W i t h w a t e r a n d s o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m o n i t o r i n g q u a l i f i c a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e Technical Specifications of Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring (SL277-2002) Page 70 6 9 p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d n a t u r a l r e c o v e r y p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d T a b l e 6 . 4 - 9 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r W a t e r / S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g o f W a t e r - s a v i n g I r r i g a t i o n P r o j e c t o f T u o k e s u n C o u n t y P r o j e c t N a m e M o n i t o r i n g A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g P e r i o d ( Y e a r ) C o s t P e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) Monitoring institution A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d O n - f a r m p i p e l i n e a r e a G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d P r o j e c t a r e a b e y o n d s i t e G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n T u o k e s u n W a t e r - S a v i n g I r r i g a t i o n P r o j e c t C o n s t r u c t i o n r o a d a r e a D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h 7 4 4 0 0 2 1 4 8 8 0 0 1 4 8 8 0 0 With water and soil conservation monitoring qualification certificate T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g ( S L 2 7 7 - 2 0 0 2 ) Page 71 7 0 W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h T e m p o r a r y c o n s t r u c t i o n a n d l i v i n g a r e a W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d T a b l e 6 . 4 - 1 0 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r W a t e r / S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g o f C a n a l L i n i n g P r o j e c t o f T u r p a n C i t y Project Name M o n i t o r i n g A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g P e r i o d ( Y e a r ) C o s t P e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) Monitoring institution A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n o t h e r o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n o t h e r o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n T e m p o r a r y d i s p o s a l y a r d p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e i n M a r c h a n d A p r i l r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n o t h e r o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n o t h e r o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n T r a f f i c r o a d c o n s t r u c t i o n a r e a p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e i n M a r c h a n d A p r i l r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d urpan City Canal Lining project D i s p o s a l y a r d F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n o t h e r o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n 1 7 2 7 0 0 1 1 7 2 7 0 0 1 7 2 7 0 0 With water and soil conservation monitoring qualification certificate T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g ( S L 2 7 7 - 2 0 0 2 ) Page 72 7 1 F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n o t h e r o n c e a f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f c o n s t r u c t i o n p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e i n M a r c h a n d A p r i l r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d T a b l e 6 . 4 - 1 1 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r W a t e r / S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g o f E r t a n g B r a n c h C a n a l P r o j e c t o f S h a n s h a n C o u n t y \03\03 Project Name M o n i t o r i n g A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g P e r i o d ( Y e a r ) C o s t P e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g i n s t i t u t i o n A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n d c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d M a i n c i v i l w o r k s p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d n a t u r a l r e c o v e r y p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n d c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d T r a f f i c r o a d c o n s t r u c t i o n a r e a p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d n a t u r a l r e c o v e r y p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d S h a n s h a n C o u n t y E r T a n g B r a n c h C a n a l L i n i n g P r o j e c t D i s p o s a l y a r d F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n a n d c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y 6 3 0 0 0 2 1 2 6 0 0 0 1 2 6 0 0 0 W i t h w a t e r a n d s o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m o n i t o r i n g q u a l i f i c a t i o n c e r t i f i c a t e T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g ( S L 2 7 7 - 2 0 0 2 ) Page 73 7 2 F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t O n c e a m o n t h d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p e r i o d a n d n a t u r a l r e c o v e r y p e r i o d r e s p e c t i v e l y , T a b l e 6 . 4 - 1 2 \03 \03 T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r W a t e r / S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g o f A l a g o u M a i n C a n a l P r o j e c t i n T u o k e s u n C o u n t y Project Name M o n i t o r i n g A r e a M o n i t o r i n g M e t h o d o l o g i e s M o n i t o r i n g I t e m s M o n i t o r i n g T i m e a n d F r e q u e n c y A n n u a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) M o n i t o r i n g P e r i o d ( Y e a r ) C o s t P e r P e r i o d ( Y u a n ) T o t a l C o s t ( Y u a n ) Monitoring institution A p p l i c a b l e S t a n d a r d s a n d C o d e s C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t P o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d C a n a l w o r k s a r e a G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d F l o o d c o n t r o l d i k e a r e a G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d Tuokesun County A’LaGou Main Diversion Canal project C o n s t r u c t i o n r o a d a r e a G r o w i n g s t a t u s o f p l a n t w i t h i n t r e a t e d r e g i o n R e f e r e n c e l a n d u n i t m e t h o d O n c e i n M a y a n d S e p t e m b e r r e s p e c t i v e l y e v e r y y e a r 7 6 8 0 0 2 1 5 3 5 0 0 1 5 3 5 0 0 With water and soil conservation monitoring qualification certificate T e c h n i c a l S p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f W a t e r a n d S o i l C o n s e r v a t i o n M o n i t o r i n g ( S L 2 7 7 - 2 0 0 2 ) Page 74 7 3 C u r r e n t l a n d f o r m , t o p o g r a p h y , v e g e t a t i o n s t a t u s F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e d u r i n g c o n s t r u c t i o n p r e p a r a t i o n D i s t u r b e d l a n d f o r m , s c o p e a n d e x t e n t o f d e s t r o y e d v e g e t a t i o n F i e l d i n v e s t i g a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h D i s p o s a l y a r d W a t e r / s o i l e r o s i o n a m o u n t p o s i t i o n o b s e r v a t i o n O n c e a m o n t h , a d d i t i o n a l o n e a f t e r s t r o n g w i n d Page 75 74 7 Public Participation and Infomation Publication 7.1 Execution Arrangement Since the development and operation of this project will concern land requisition, relocatees and possible local environmental variation, in accordance with the Chinese environmental protection laws, regulations and administrative rules as well as WB security policies OP4.01, the project and its reservoir components are all request to experience two turns of public participation activities least. The first turn was done during EIA framework preparation stage, while the second turn during completion of first draft of EIA. The activities in the first turn were to collect the information of the problems concerned by the public upon the project development. The activities in the second turn were to conduct exchanging with the public based on the environmental problems concerned and raised by the public during the first turn and to discuss corresponding mitigation measures. The purposes of those activities gain the understanding of the public to the project development and the mitigation measures to be taken. It is specified in the related requirements of EIA in China that only EIA summary tables are needed for the water-saving irrigation component, canal newly built (rehabilitation) component and Karez protection component of the project. No information publication is requested with the EIA summary tables in accordance with Chinese environmental protection laws, regulations and administrative rules. However, all EIA summary tables have been mad e public in parallel with the preparation EIA documents to satisfy WB’s requirements on project information publication. The public participation and organization are shown in table 7.1-1. Page 76 75 Table 7.1-1 Public Participation and Organization County/ city Time Participants Way Organizer June 2009 · field visit · disseminate public opinion questionnaires · post information notices at project influenced area · information publication Turpan Prefecture August 2009 · relocatee representatives · WRBs, EPBs, Cultural Relic Protection Bureaus, Agricultural Bureau, Forest Bureau and other related agents in Turpan Prefecture, Turpan City, Shanshan County, Tuokesun County . representatives from administrative agents · experts in terms of water-saving irrigation, environment, ecology and Karez study ·disseminate public opinion questionnaires · expert consulting services ·information publication · workshops ·WB PMOs and environmental expert panel Sep.~ Oct. 2008 ·field visit ·disseminate public opinion questionnaires · expert consulting services ·information publication · Turpan City WRB ·Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Turpan City Nov. ~ Dec. 2008 ·representatives from administrative agents of Turpan Prefecture Administrative Office, WRB/EPB/Forest Bureau of Turpan City, Karez Protection Association and other related administrative agents · representatives of local residents to suffer impacts of project components within Turpan City · experts in terms of water-saving irrigation, hydrology, geology, environment, ecology and Karez study ·field visit ·disseminate public opinion questionnaires · expert consulting services ·information publication · Turpan City WRB ·Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Sep. ~ Oct. 2008 ·field visit ·disseminate public opinion questionnaires · expert consulting services ·information publication ·Shanshan County WRB ·Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Shanshan County Nov. ~ Dec. 2008 ·representatives from administrative agents of Turpan Prefecture Administrative Office, WRB/EPB/Forest Bureau/Cultural Relic Protection Bureau of Shanshan County and other related administrative agents ·representatives of local residents to suffer impacts of project components within Shanshan County · experts in terms of water-saving irrigation, hydrology, geology, environment, ecology, Karez study and cultural relic protection ·field visit ·disseminate public opinion questionnaires · expert consulting services ·information publication ·Shanshan County WRB ·Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Tuokesun County Sep. 2007 ·representatives from administrative agents of Turpan Prefecture Administrative Office, WRB/EPB/Forest Bureau/Cultural Relic Protection Bureau of Shanshan County and other related administrative agents ·representatives of local residents to suffer impacts of project components within Shanshan County ·field visit ·disseminate public opinion questionnaires ·Tuokesun WRB ·Hunan Provincial Water Resources and Hydropower Design Institute 7.2 Results and Conclusions of Public Participation into EIA Preparation 7.2.1 Project components The EIA documents for project components are prepared in accordance with the Chinese EIA-related regulations and procedures. Since the EIA summary tables have no requirement on public participations and investigations in China, the public participations and Page 77 76 investigations with three reservoir components of this project are conducted in accordance with the Chinese procedures. The main problems raised by the people to be influenced by the project through the public participations are summarized as follows: 1 Discharge of wastewater and mucks and emission of noise during construction period would exert a certain impacts on the residents in the vicinity and disturb to some extent the living environment of local residents; 2 The land requisition and construction excavation would cause a certain impacts on the ecological environment. The main destroys would occur with vegetation and original landform; 3 The clusters of construction personnel would influence to some extent the public order of neighboring area and to the living and production security of the local residents. The project area will be located in ethnic minority communities, conflicts would arise as a result of differences in living habits and ways between construction personnel and minorities; 4 The resettlement scheme of Alagou Reservoir shall be proposed. Help local villagers obtain access to the reservoir area; 5It is planned in the ErTangGou Reservoir component that totally 98 persons will be relocated by the planning target year. Investigations over those relocatees show that their common willingness is to maintain current livelihood without worsening after resettlement and looking forward to some improvement. Herding roads are needed to be newly built in the receipt area to satisfy relocatee s’ herding demands. Solutions to public opinions: 1 Respective treatment measures will be taken against domestic sewage and production wastewater. Only qualified water after treatment can be used for sprinkling and watering green works. No discharge into project concerned water body may be allowed; 2 All construction mucks will be stacked in designated disposal yard with temporary and permanent protection measure provided. All living garbage to be occurred during construction period will be collected together and transported to the burying yard of the county; 3 For the impacts of construction noise, the measures as scheduling construction time, limiting travel speed, setting up warning signs, providing noise reduction facilities with equipment will be taken to limit the impacts of the noise to the local residents nearby the construction site; 4 After the completion of project, carry out leveling with all construction cut-over land and construction sites, do green works as much as possible, and limit destroys to the landscapes and vegetation in the reservoir area; 5 Strengthen the management and knowledge dissemination with the construction personnel, guarantee the normal living and production safety of local residents and respect Page 78 77 the local people’s customs; 6 The RAP of Alagou Reservoir Project has been completed. Its preparation has taken into account local people’s opinions. Detailed compensation and resettlement plan has been made; 7 The RAP of ErTangGou Reservoir Project has been completed. Its preparation has taken into account local people’s opinions. Detailed compensation and resettlement plan has been made. The receipt area planned has following features that receipt area is still located within Uygur communities without national cultural differences; there are canals within receipt area to make relocatees accessible to river water and Karez; there is mosque nearby the receipt area; the receipt area is flat topographically suitable for construction of house and schools and convenient traffic; the receipt area is close to present living area which facilitates relocation. 8PMO of Turpan Prefecture WRB of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region carries out resettlement action in collaboration with the local governments following the principle of fully respecting the willingness of the relocatees and accepting the reasonable requests proposed by the relocatees and guaranteeing the relocatees of ErTangGou a herding road to be built well before their relocation. 7.2.2 Project The public participation into EIA preparation of the Project will be carried out through information published in the Turpan Prefecture Daily and EIA information posted at the area to be influenced by the Project. The investigations over the relocation households and the residents in the receipt area indicate that most relocatees are not willing to leave their original townships, particularly the ethnic minorities who expressed their willingness of not leaving their hometowns or relocation within their present village groups or relocation to the area not far away from present living area least. After solicitation to the relocatees’ opinions, Turpan Prefecture Administrative Office determines that the BaKanEr Village (west side) in LianMuQin Township will be the receipt area. The investigation over the BaKanEr villagers shows that the relocatees are welcome to their village. 7.3 Information Publication BP 17.50 In accordance with the EIA process specified by the Chinese Government and WB, the information in connection with the Project has been published in Chinese and Uygur in Turpan Prefecture newspapers and water resources website. Besides, the main contents of the Project have been made public. The detailed information publicized is summarized in Table 7.3-1. The final draft of the Project reports will be made public in the library of Turpan Prefecture, meanwhile the abridged editions will be uploaded to the WB website and Turpan Prefecture water resources website. Page 79 78 Table 7.3-1 WB Funded Turpan Prefecture Water Conservation Project-EIA-EMP Preparations and Summary of Information Publication No. EIA/ EMP EIA (Yes/No) EMP (Yes/No) Chinese/ Uygur EIA/EMP submission First information publication Second information publication EIA/EMP publication ways and inquiry place 1 Turpan City MeiYaoGou Reservoir Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2008.9 2008.11 Published in newspaper (Turpan Prefecture Daily), Turpan Prefecture PMO, environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 2 Turpan City Ta’ErLang Branch Canal Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2009.7 2009.8 Project area village committee/township government post public notices, Turpan City PMO, environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 3 Turpan City Water-saving Irrigation Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2009.7 2009.8 Project area village committee/township government post public notices, Turpan City PMO, environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 4 Turpan City WuDaoLin Karez Protection Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2009.7 2009.8 Project area village committee/township government post public notices, Turpan City PMO, environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 5 Shanshan County ErTangGou Reservoir Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2008.11 2008.11 Shanshan County WRB website, Shanshan County PMO environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 6 Shanshan County ErTang Branch Canal Lining Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2009.7 2009.8 Project area village committee/township government post public notices, Shanshan County PMO environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 7 Shanshan County Water- saving Irrigation Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2009.7 2009.8 Project area village committee/township government post public notices, Shanshan County PMO environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 8 Tuokesun County Alagou Reservoir Project Y Y C/U C/2009-1 —— —— —— 9 Tuokesun County Alagou Main Canal Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2009.7 2009.8 Project area village committee/township government post public notices, Tuokesun County PMO environmental assessment institute - X injiang Hydropower Page 80 79 No. EIA/ EMP EIA (Yes/No) EMP (Yes/No) Chinese/ Uygur EIA/EMP submission First information publication Second information publication EIA/EMP publication ways and inquiry place Institute Environmental Assessment Department 10 Tuokesun County Water- saving Irrigation Project Y Y C/U C/2008-12 2009.7 2009.8 Project area village committee/township government post public notices, Tuokesun County PMO environmental assessment institute-Xinjiang Hydropower Institute Environmental Assessment Department 11 WB Funded Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Turpan Prefecture Water Conservation Project EIA Y Y C/U C/2009-9 2009.6 2009.8 Publishing in newspaper (Turpan Prefecture Daily), Turpan Prefecture water resources website, Turpan Prefecture PMO Page 81 80 8 Resettlement and Social Impacts 8.1 Brief Introduction of Resettlement Turpan Prefecture Water Conservation Project consists of reservoir component, water-saving irrigation component and canal newly built (rehabilitation) component. Only reservoir component will be concerned with resettlement issue. Except ErTangGou Reservoir Project will have livelihood restoration issue, all reservoir projects will be only concerned with production resettlement. Turpan Prefecture Water Conservation Project Leading Group Office and LG Offices of County/City will be the execution institutions of the project. PMOs of County/City in Turpan Prefecture and Project Owners will be the implementation institutions of the project. Based on the latest FS results of each project component and detailed social economical investigation and impact investigation, with the assistances from the Xinjiang Water Resources and Hydropower Design Institute and WB experts, Turpan WRB PMO has drafted MeiYaoGou Reservoir Project RAP, ErTangGou Reservoir Project RAP and Alagou Reservoir Project RAP. 8.2 Project Impacts During the period from August to October 2008, Project Owners with the collaboration of local governments at various levels, administrative villages, village group cadres, relocatees and project design institutes carried out investigations over main inventory indexes one by one in terms of population to be influenced, housing and affiliated facilities, land and specific facilities based on the preliminarily proposed land requisition scope. Those inventory indexes were re-investigated for review purpose based on the latest FS results in November 2008. Based on those field investigations, after communications with the Project Owners, project design institute has taken into account as much as possible the impacts of project on the social economy and environment that are the crucial factors to which the optimization and comparison among alternatives are subject to. In order to minimize land requisition and resettlement, both design institutes and Project Owners have taken a series of effective measures with regard to selection of alternatives and layout of completion facilities so as to bypass the residential area, limit requisition of farmland and satisfy local planning and the recommendations of the local government. 8.3 Policy Framework and the Rights Reserved In accordance with the Circular of the State Council on Intensifying the Land Control (Document No.28 in 2008), Rules of Land Administration in Turpan Prefecture , and Guidance Concerning Further Improving Compensation System for Land Requisition (GuoTuZiFa, No.28), as well as WB OP/BP 4.12 < Involuntary Resettlement > and their appendixes, the resettlement policies of this project are aimed to avoid the unfavorable impacts triggered by the land requisition and dismantling. The properties of the persons who have to suffer those unfavorable impacts will be compensated at a replacement price. Those persons will be provided with proper assistances to help them obtain adequate chances to restore or surpass original livelihood. The main principles are as follows: (1) Take every possible measures to minimize the unfavorable impacts on the relocatees; (2) Compensation and resettlement schemes can improve relocatees’ livelihood or at least help them restore previous livelihood; (3) Negotiations with the relocatees in a sincere manner, Page 82 81 involve them into the planning and implementation of resettlement scheme in an all-around way; (4) All properties to be influenced will be compensated at a replacement cost; (5) Dismantling after compensation. No land requisition and dismantling may be allowed until the relocated obtain all compensation fee, namely that land requisition and related property expropriation may be allowed upon the payment of all compensation fees or upon the provision of receipt location and resettlement subsidies; (6) The Borrower shall be responsible for the financing of resettlement fund including contingency fee for resettlement; (7) Verification of relocatee qualifications. Relocation qualification will be verified on the due date on which the land requisition notice is issued. After such date, no newly built, housing enlargement and housing rebuilt by the relocatees may be allowed; no variation of utilization purposes of housing and land may be allowed; no land leasing and housing procurement and sale may be allowed. The persons who join in this area after such date will not be deemed as relocatees; (8) All houses will be compensated at a replacement price. 8.4 Institutional Organization Turpan Prefecture PMO will assist PMOs at county/city levels and guide the Project Owners to carry out land requisition and dismantling activities in accordance with the RAP in a serious way. All counties/cities suffering impacts will set up leading groups and resettlement offices. The Project Owners of all project components will take main responsibilities for resettlement consulting services, resettlement implementation and timely delivery of rights and benefits observed. Related townships and villages will provide necessary assistances. 8.5 Vulnerable Groups The women within the project area enjoy the rights, benefits, positions the same as the men. No special cares are needed. The vulnerable groups within the project area means disadvantaged people, including the disabled, elderly person of no family, orphan and low- income families. The disabled and low-income families shall be given special attentions. During the resettlement implementation period, all vulnerable groups to be influenced by the project will be further analyzed and identified in terms of family member structure, employment situation, ownership of family resources in accordance with their objective conditions and the data provided by the Civil Affairs Department. Once a household is defined as vulnerable group, special assistance would be also given by the project execution institute during the resettlement implementation period. All relocatees will be Uygur herders (there will be 98 relocatees from 20 households by the planning target year), of which, there are 24 low-income persons from 9 households, 1 disabled person. Those people will be regarded as vulnerable groups. The basic information of vulnerable groups within submergence area is shown in Table 8.5-1. Table 8.5-1 Statistics of Basic Information of Vulnerable Groups Name Family Members person Annual income per capita Yuan Monthly subsidy per capita Yuan Total Monthly subsidy Yuan Remarks ReLiPu. WuSiMan 2 400 45 90 461.6 125.9 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 NiYaZiHan. MaiHeMuTi 1 300 55 55 461.6 106.8 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 MuTeLi. MaiHeMuTi 1 550 35 35 1 disabled person Page 83 82 KeRanMuHan.YaSeng 4 685 35 140 461.6 710.1 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 A’WaHan.KeYiMu 4 300 55 220 461.6 690.9 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 SeLiMuHan 2 300 55 110 461.6 671.8 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 SiMaYi.MaiTiNiYaZi 4 580 35 140 461.6 652.6 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 NaYiTi.WuShouEr 3 580 35 105 461.6 633.4 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 RouSiTaMu.HaiBiBu 3 520 35 105 461.6 614.5 8.5 4.2 0 : \02 All those vulnerable groups including elderly person of no family, farmer households with women headed and extremely poor households will be given additional financial support and goods support by the project. During the project implementation, all those vulnerable groups will be given additional assistances as follows in accordance with the RAP: (i) to provide labors for free to help build house and make a move; (ii) to pay special subsidies to help them maintain their livelihood during house construction period. The specific amount of subsidies will be determined in accordance with actual conditions and their demands. PMOs at county level and Project Owners are allowed to set aside part of rural resettlement compensation fund as special fund in support of the provision of direct and necessary assistances to the vulnerable groups. 8.6 Machenism to Settle Complaints and Grievance The Project establishes transparent and effective channels for the rural people to be resettled to appeal their complaints and grievance. The process is as follows. Step 1: If a resettler is not satisfied with the decision made in Step 1, she/he may submit complaints to the respective administrative village or Township Resettlement Working Group. In cases of oral complaint, the administrative village should deal with it and record it in writing. Responsive actions should be taken by the village or working group within 2 weeks after having received reasonable requirements or suggestions. Step 2: If the resettler is not satisfied with the decision made in the first step, he/she may appeal to the County Resettlement Office and its Leading Group. The said office should make responsive decision within 2 weeks after having received the complaint. Step 3: If the resettler is still not satisfied with the decision made by the County Resettlement Office, she/he may appeal to the Prefecture Project Resettlement Office; The Prefecture Project Resettlement Office should make responsive decision within 2 weeks after having received the complaint. Step 4: Page 84 83 If the resettler is, again, not satisfied with the decision made by the Prefecture Resettlement Office, she/he may can prosecute in a civil court after having received the decision made by the office. The resettlers are entitled to prosecute appeal on any aspects of the resettlement, including the compensation standards. The resettlers will be informed of the above appeal channels through meetings or other patterns, so that the resettlers will sufficiently realize their right of appeal. At the same time, information publicity will be strengthened through media tools. The opinions and proposals from all the stakeholders on the resettlement will be complied by categories for the reference of all levels of resettlement institutions. The appeal will be free of charge to the resettlers. In the case some fee incurred in the process of appealing, it will be paid by the PMO using project preliminary fund. 8.7 Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) In order for smooth implementtion of the RAPs and realizaiton of objectives of the resettlement, the Project shall conduct M&E over the whole process of land acquisition and resettlement. Such M&E includes both internal M&E and independent external M&E that are to be conducted in parallel. 8.7.1 Internal M&E (1) Institutions and Staff Internal M&E institutions for the project resettlement consists of the provincial project office, prefecture/county project offices and the relevant institutions, such as bureau of land administration. These institutions will be equipped with leaders specially in charge of the resettlement in the project. These leaders should have rich experience in resettlement issues and be capable enough to coordinate all the sectors involved in resettlement. The staff in the institutions should also knowledgeable enough in dealing with resettlement and social issues to fulfill its due responsibility. (2) Internal M&E resettlement, the distribution of house sites and the construction of new houses; the release and use of the compensation fund for land requisition, and the progress and quality of the production development activities; the resettling progress of the pu blic institutions, the release of the compensation funds, and the rehabilitation of the public structures; the reconstruction and rehabilitation of infrastructure and the special structures, and the recovery of the production and livelihood of the vulnerable groups; the investigation on and settlement of the major problems relating to the resettlers and the project resettlement institutions involved in RAP implementation; the income recovery of the resettlers after resettlement; the release and use of t he resettlement compensation funds; the public participation and consultation in the RAP implementation; technical training and the effect in the resettlers; and the working units, training, working time and efficiency of the local resettlement offices. (3) Implementation Procedures Page 85 84 In the project implementation, the project offices at county and prefecture levels should timely record and submit the information of the rural resettlement according to the monitoring formats so as to keep the monitoring activities continuous. All levels of the project offices from provincial to county levels will regularly check the project implementation. In the above mechanism of monitoring operation, information tables of stipulated format should be prepared in favor of the continuous information flow from the grass-root level of the project implementation to the provincial project office. All levels of the project management offices and resettlement offices are important components of the internal monitoring system, and regular checks will be done. (4) Internal M&E Report The county and city project resettlement offices will submit quarterly reports of project progress to county and provincial PMOs. Provincial project office will be responsible to submit semi-annual report of internal monitoring to the World Bank. The reports should include tables of information of the previous 6 months, including progress on land requisition, resettlement and compensation fund release based on comparison of actual and planned amounts. 8.7.2 External M&E (1) Baseline Survey The external M&E agency will make baseline surveys to the villages, villager groups and resettlers to be impacted due to land requisition, so that the baseline information of production and livelihood of the resettlers to be monitored will become available. The surveys of the production and livelihood will be carried out semi-annually so as to follow up the changes in the production and livelihood. The methodology of the surveys will include case study (Percentage of Random Sampling: 5% of the impacted households due to land requisition, and 20% of the impacted households due to house demolishment), interview and field observation. The data collected will then be analyzed and the evaluation is made. 2Regular Monitoring and Evaluation During the RAP implementation, the external M&E agency will carry out regular follow-up monitoring (twice a year) by means of field observation, case study and interview. The monitoring activities will include: a) the release of compensation fund (including quantity);b) the preparation of the resettlement site, whether it is sufficient; c)the construction of residential houses; d) the resettlement of the impacted people; e) training; f) the support to the vulnerable groups; g) the rehabilitation and reconstruction of infrastructures and special structures; h) the arrangement and recovery of production; i) the compensation for the lost properties; j) the compensation for the lost time of work; k) the subsidy for the transitional period; l) the schedule of the above activities (applicable any time); m) the organizational network of resettlement institutions; n) the use of the compensation fund for collective land resources, and the income of the resettlers; o) the employment of the labor forces, and income generating; and p)whether the impacted people have benefited from the project? (3) Public Consultation Page 86 85 The external M&E agency will attend the meetings of public consultation in the RAP implementation so as to evaluate the effectiveness of public consultation. (3) Receiving Complaints The external M&E agency will regularly visit the impacted villages and villager groups. It will also enquiry PMOs at all levels and the project resettlement offices that receive and deal with the complaints to understand the situation of complaints’ treatment. The agency will visit the complaining resettlers and put forward measures and suggestions for improvement to solve the existing problems, so as to ensure more effective RAP implementation. 8.8 Funding and Implementation of the RAPs Funds needed for the resettlement include shall be used to cover compensations and subsidies to the resettlers for their moving and losses of properties, subsidies to the vulnurable groups, RAP implementation fees and funds to support M&E of resettlement, etc. Totally 54.7459 million yuan is needed for the resettlement according to estimation, accouting for 4.25% of the total project investment and including 9.1839 million yuan for Turpan City, accounting for 16.78% of the total; 26.0776 million yuan for Shanshan County, accounting for 47.63% of the total; and 19.4844 million yuan for Tuokexun County, accounting for 35.59% of the total. The city and counties involving in the Project shall guarantee budgetary allocation of resettlement funds and avoid any shortage of resettlement funding in the process of realizing resettlement objectives. The schedule for resettlement implementation has been finished and defined as follows: For Meiyaogou reservoir: The process of dismantling and resettlement shall begin in the second half of 2009 and the buildings’ dismantling in the reservoir area will be finished by the end of 2009. For Alagou reservoir: The process of dismantling and resettlement shall begin in the second half of 2010 and the buildings’ dismantling in the reservoir area will be finished by the end of 2010. For Ertanggou reservoir: The construction of new houses and other buildings will begin in March 2010 and finished at the end of the same year; in June 2011 dismantling of the houses and auxiliary buildings in the reservoir inundation area will start and the people shall be resettled with relevant compensations paid. Page 87 86 9 Conclusions World Bank Loan Funded Turpan Water Conservation Project is an on-farm water conservation project and also an environmental project to maintain social and environmental functions. The Project is in compliance with both requirements in the Turpan Prefecture 11 th Five Year Plan of Water-saving Society Development and the county assistance strategy of the World Bank. The Project is ultimately aiming at “development of a water-saving society”. It consists of project components such as reservoir construction to solve the problem of uneven temporal and spatial water resources distribution in the prefecture, water-saving irrigation development to reduce agricultural water uses while maintaining unit yield of the crops, and introduction of internationally advanced ET-based water resources management model to enable scientific management and rational allocation of extremely limited water resources in Turpan Prefecture, all of which will help to fundamentally solve the problems of water shortage and sharp groundwater table drop in Turpan Prefecture, reduce losses caused by flood disasters, so as to ensure a virtuous and sustainable economic development in the prefecture. Therefore, the Project will produce very remarkable benefits. The adverse environmental impacts of the Project include land occupation and short term unfavorable impacts on environment due to construction and resettlement activities. With various compensation measures taken and environmental protection measures implemented, the adverse impacts can be effectively mitigated. From the perspective of environmental analyses, the Project will produce far more environmental benefits than adverse impacts, and is therefore feasible. Page 88 87