SFG2390 V3 1.5 Million Natural Gas Connections Project in 11 Governorates Site-Specific Environmental and Social Impact Assessment El Khosous /Qalyubeya Governorate September 2016 EGAS Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company Developed by Petrosafe EcoConServ Environmental Solutions Petroleum Safety & Environmental Services Company Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 List of acronyms and abbreviations AFD Agence Française de Développement (French Agency for Development) BUTAGASCO The Egyptian Company for LPG distribution CAPMAS Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics CDA Community Development Association CO Carbon monoxide CRN Customer Reference Number CULTNAT Center for Documentation Of Cultural and Natural Heritage EEAA Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency EGAS Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company EGP Egyptian Pound EHDR Egyptian Human Development Report 2010 EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ER Executive Regulation E&S Environmental and Social ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESIAF Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Framework ESM Environmental and Social Management ESMF Environmental and Social Management framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FGD Focus Group Discussion GAC governance and anticorruption GDP Gross Domestic Product GIS Global Information Systems GoE Government of Egypt GPS Global Positioning System GRM Grievance redress mechanisms HDD Horizontal Directional Drilling HDPE High-Density Polyethylene pipes HH Households HHH Head of the Household hr hour HSE Health Safety and Environment IBA Important Bird Areas IDSC Information and Decision Support Center IFC International Finance Corporation IGE/SR Institute of Gas Engineers/Safety Recommendations LDCs Local Distribution Companies LGU Local Governmental Unit LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas mBar milliBar MDG Millennium Development Goal MOP Maximum operating pressure MP Management Plan MTO Material take-off NG Natural Gas NGO Non-Governmental Organizations NO2 Nitrogen dioxide Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 OSH Occupational Safety and Health P&A Property and Appliance Survey PAP Project Affected Persons PE Poly Ethylene PM10 Particulate matter PPM Parts Per Million PRS Pressure Reduction Station RAP Resettlement Action Plan RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SDO Social Development Officer SIA Social Impact Assessment SO2 Sulphur dioxide SSIAF Supplementary Social Impact Assessment Framework SYB Statistical Year Book T.S.P Total Suspended Particulates Town Gas The Egyptian Company for Natural Gas Distribution for Cities WB The World Bank WHO World Health Organization $ United States Dollars € Euros Exchange Rate: US$ = 8.83 EGP. as of March 2016 Exchange Rate: € = 9.8949 EGP as of March 2016 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Contents LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS _____________________________________________ I LIST OF TABLES _______________________________________________________________ V LIST OF FIGURES _____________________________________________________________ VI 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 PREAMBLE ________________________________________________________ 1 1.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVES __________________________________________________ 1 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (ESIA) ____________________________ 1 1.4 CONTRIBUTORS _____________________________________________________ 2 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3 2.1 BACKGROUND ______________________________________________________ 3 2.2 PROJECT WORK PACKAGES DURING CONSTRUCTION_________________________________ 4 2.3 PROJECT EXECUTION METHODOLOGY _________________________________________ 5 2.4 ACTIVITIES OF THE OPERATION PHASE ________________________________________ 12 3. LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 13 3.1 APPLICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL LEGISLATION IN EGYPT ________________________ 13 3.2 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ________________________________________ 14 4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE 16 4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE _____________________________________________ 16 4.2 SOCIOECONOMIC BASELINE _____________________________________________ 29 5. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS 38 5.1 POSITIVE IMPACTS __________________________________________________ 38 5.2 ANTICIPATED NEGATIVE IMPACTS __________________________________________ 39 5.3 POTENTIAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION _____________________________ 40 5.4 POTENTIAL NEGATIVE IMPACTS DURING OPERATION _______________________________ 48 5.5 WOMEN AND VULNERABLE GROUPS ________________________________________ 49 6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 50 6.1 NO PROJECT ALTERNATIVE ______________________________________________ 50 6.2 ENERGY ALTERNATIVES ________________________________________________ 50 6.3 INSTALLATION COSTS _________________________________________________ 50 6.4 PRS SITING ______________________________________________________ 51 7. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT & MONITORING PLAN 52 7.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE ESM&MP ___________________________________________ 52 7.2 MANAGEMENT OF MITIGATION AND MONITORING ACTIVITIES DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE ________ 52 7.3 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT MATRIX DURING CONSTRUCTION ______________ 67 7.4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING MATRIX DURING CONSTRUCTION _______________ 75 7.5 MANAGEMENT OF MITIGATION AND MONITORING ACTIVITIES DURING OPERATION PHASE __________ 77 7.6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT MATRIX DURING OPERATION _________________ 81 7.7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MONITORING MATRIX DURING OPERATION __________________ 86 7.8 REPORTING OF MITIGATION AND MONITORING ACTIVITIES ____________________________ 87 7.9 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ESM&MP IMPLEMENTATION _________________________ 88 8. STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT AND PUBLIC CONSULTATION 91 8.1 DEFINING THE STAKEHOLDER _____________________________________________ 91 8.2 CONSULTATION METHODOLOGY AND ACTIVITIES _________________________________ 92 8.3 FINAL CONSULTATION EVENT _____________________________________________ 93 8.4 SUMMARY OF CONSULTATION OUTCOMES _____________________________________ 99 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 8.5 SSESIA DISCLOSURE _________________________________________________ 99 ANNEX 1: CONTRIBUTORS TO THE ESIA _____________________________________________ 100 ANNEX 2: PROCEDURES FOR CHANCE FINDS AND ESM&MP FOR PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES _____ 101 ANNEX 3: SITE AIR MEASUREMENTS METHODOLOGY ___________________________________ 104 ANNEX 4: IMPACT ASSESSMENT __________________________________________________ 105 ANNEX 5: COMPLAINT FORM ____________________________________________________ 108 ANNEX 6: EGYPT GAS HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDELINES__________________________________ 109 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 List of Tables Table 2-1: Planned connections ................................................................................................... 6 Table 4-1 8 hours average results at the Qalyub general hospital (µg/m3) .................................. 17 Table 4-2 Ambient Noise Levels Readings at the general hospital .............................................. 18 Table 4-3: National and World Bank limits for ambient noise levels .......................................... 19 Table 4-4 Monthly Average Temperatures ................................................................................. 20 Table 4-5: Monthly Average precipitation (P) for the Year 2015 ................................................ 20 Table 4-6 Monthly Wind Speed (WS) in Qalyubeya (last 19 years (Km/h)) .............................. 21 Table 4-7 Wind Directions at the urban, suburban and rural areas in Qalyubeya (1995-2000) ... 21 Table 4-8:Distribution of Qalyubeya and Khosous population by educational status ................. 31 Table -4-9: % Distribution of Khosous population by work status ........................................... 32 Table 4-10: % Distribution of the problems related to LPG cylinders ....................................... 34 Table 4-11: Household Roles related to LPG cylinder acquisition and installation ..................... 35 Table 7-1 Handling of Solid Wastes during Construction Phase ................................................ 58 Table 7-2 Wastes Common for Construction of gas pipelines.................................................... 59 Table 7-3: Environmental and Social Management Matrix during CONSTRUCTION .............. 67 Table 7-4: Environmental and Social Monitoring Matrix during CONSTRUCTION ................ 75 Table 7-5: Environmental and Social Management Matrix during OPERATION ...................... 81 Table 7-6: Environmental and Social Monitoring Matrix during OPERATION ........................ 86 Table 8-1: Summary of Consultation Activities in Qalyubeya Governorate ................................ 92 Table 8-2: Key comments and concerns raised during the Final Public Consultations ............... 97 Table 8-3: Management matrix for cultural sites (if encountered) ..............................................102 Table 8-4: Monitoring matrix for cultural sites (if encountered) ................................................103 Table 8-5: Standard reference methods followed for the collection of ambient air pollutants....104 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 List of Figures Figure 2-1: General components of the city’s distribution network .............................................. 3 Figure 2-2: Typical backfill arrangement (Source: EGAS technical drawings)............................... 9 Figure 2-3: Typical layout of U-shaped concrete slab (Source: EGAS technical drawings) ......... 10 Figure 4-1: Distribution of cities in Qalyubeya governorate ....................................................... 16 Figure 4-2: Average monthly RH%............................................................................................ 21 Figure 4-3: Example of an urban secondary street in El Khosous .............................................. 24 Figure 4-4: Example of an urban secondary road and a kiosk leading to a local street ................ 24 Figure 4-5: Example of an urban secondary street in El Khosous .............................................. 25 Figure 4-6: Example of a local street in El Khosous .................................................................. 26 Figure 4-7: Location of Waste Disposal Site 13 km North East of El Khosous ......................... 27 Figure 4-8: Typical red brick structures in El Khosous .............................................................. 28 Figure 4-9:prevalent building type .............................................................................................. 30 Figure 4-10: Khosous dwellings from Balaqs PRS ..................................................................... 30 Figure 4-11: Khosous Street width and conditions..................................................................... 30 Figure 4-12: % Distribution of population by work status of the breadwinner .......................... 32 Figure 4-13: % Distribution by Current Price of LPG in Khosous and sex of respondent ......... 36 Figure 4-14: Preferred System of Installments in El Khosous .................................................... 37 Figure 7-1 Proposed Grievance and Redress Mechanism ........................................................... 63 Figure 7-2: Egypt Gas ESMP organogram ................................................................................. 88 Figure 8-1: Advertisement published in El Gomhoria newspaper ............................................. 94 Figure 8-2: % Distribution of participants by sector and sex ...................................................... 95 Figure 8-3: % Distribution of participants by occupation and sex .............................................. 95 Figure 8-4: The panel................................................................................................................ 96 Figure 8-5: EGAS representative ............................................................................................... 97 Figure 8-6: Female participation .............................................................................................. 97 Figure 8-7: Community people ................................................................................................. 97 Figure 8-8: Participants .............................................................................................................. 97 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 1. Introduction 1.1 Preamble The Government of Egypt (GoE) has immediate priorities to increase household use of natural gas (NG) by connecting 1.2 million households/yr to the gas distribution network to replace the highly subsidized, largely imported Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG). The total installed domestic connections until 2015 reached 7.2 million customers and 14.8 thousand commercial customers and 2.3 thousand industrial clients. That was achieved in full cooperation with the local distribution companies. The GoE is implementing an expansion program for Domestic Natural Gas connections to an additional 1.5 Million households over the next 4 years. The project presented in this study is part of a program that involves extending the network and accompanying infrastructure to connect 1.5 million Households in 11 Governorates between 2016 and 2019 with the assistance of a World Bank Loan of up to US$500 Million and the Agence Française de Développement (French Agency for Development) financing of up to €70 Million. The program is estima ted to cost US$850 Million. 1.2 Project Objectives The proposed project represents an integral component of the National energy strategy which aims for greater use of natural gas for domestic users and reduction of government subsidies of the energy sector (LPG). The project is planned for completion within 3 years. The following results are envisaged: - Wider NG coverage and stable household energy supply - Reduced leakage and fire risk compared to LPG - Reduced LPG cylinder prices due to lower demand - Reduced hardships to the physically challenged, women, and the elderly - Reduced costs compared to butane gas (LPG) and electricity in Egypt - Reduced strategic dependence on imported fuel (LPG) - Rationalization of subsidies for LPG cylinders. 1.3 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard policies require an Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) of the proposed project. In 2013 an Environmental and Social impact Assessment framework (ESIAF) and a Supplementary Social Impact Assessment Framework (SSIAF) were prepared for the 11 governorates. This ESIA has been prepared based on the Terms of Reference prepared by EGAS and cleared by the World Bank. A joint venture between Petrosafe (Petroleum Safety & Environmental Services Company and EcoConServ Environmental Solutions was contracted in November 2015 to develop the governorate-level and site-specific ESIAs. ESIA is undertaken to assess and propose mitigations for environmental and social impacts of off-takes from the national network to the project areas, pressure reduction stations, and Page 1 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 distribution networks serving the various project areas. Impacts of NG exploration, extraction, refining, and transmission are outside the scope of the ESIA. The objectives of the ESIA include: - Describing project components and activities of relevance to the environmental and social impacts assessments - Identifying and addressing relevant national and international legal requirements and guidelines - Describing baseline environmental and social conditions - Presenting project alternatives and no project alternative - Assessing potential site-specific environmental and social impacts of the project - Developing environmental & social management and monitoring plans in compliance with the relevant environmental laws - Documenting and addressing environmental and social concerns raised by stakeholders and the Public in consultation events and activities As the project involves components in various areas within the 11 governorates, the parties to the project agreed that Site-Specific Environmental and Social Impact Assessments (SSESIAs) for each of the project sub-areas within the governorate will be prepared. Guided by the 2013 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Framework (ESIAF) and Supplementary Social Impact Assessment Framework (SSIAF), this is the site specific ESIA for the connections network and the capacity expansion planned for the existing Pressure Reduction Station in El Khosous, Qalyubeya Governorate. The project in El Khosous encompasses expansion of an existing PRS up to 20,000 m3/h as well as 80,000 households which will be connected over 3 years as follows: 3,000 in year 1, 27,000 in year 2, and 50,000 in year 3. The local distribution company responsible for project implementation in El Khosous is Egypt Gas or )‫)شركة غاز مصر‬. No major environmental or social risks could be foreseen to prevent reaching the targeted customer over the proposed 3-year timeframe. The extensive experience gained, by EGAS and affiliates, through implementation of the previous WB- and GoE-funded Natural Gas Connection project in Greater Cairo (and all over Egypt) plays a critical role in minimizing environmental and social risks and maximizing public ownership and acceptance. 1.4 Contributors The ESIA has been prepared by a Joint Venture between Petrosafe (Petroleum Safety & Environmental Services Company and EcoConServ Environmental Solutions (Cairo, Egypt) with collaboration, and facilitation from EGAS, Egypt Gas, Regas and Town Gas HSE and Engineering Departments. The names of the Petrosafe and EcoConServ experts who have participated in the preparation of the ESIA study are listed in Annex 1 of this report. Page 2 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2. Project Description 2.1 Background Natural Gas is processed and injected into the high pressure lines of the national Grid (70 Bar) for transmission. Upon branching from the main lines to regional distribution networks, the pressure of the NG is lowered to 7 Bar at the Pressure Reduction Stations (PRS). An odorant is added to the NG at PRSs feeding distribution networks to residential areas1 in order to facilitate detection. Regulators are then used to further lower the pressure to 100 mbar in the local networks, before finally lowering the pressure to 20 mbar for domestic use within the households. In addition to excavation and pipe laying, key activities of the construction phase also include installation of pipes on buildings, internal connections in households, and conversion of appliance nozzles to accommodate the switch from LPG to NG. Project components planned for El Khosous area are enclosed in a box in the figure below: Transmission Lines (main Line) Receive from processing facilities at 70 Bar Feed Pressure Reducing Stations (PRS) Pressure Reduction Stations (PRSs) Typically located at the borders Odorant addition (facilitate of serviced areas Reduce pressure to 7 Bar detection) Local Distribution Network: Distribution mains 7 Bar (intermediate pressure) Steel or polyethylene (PE) pipes Local Distribution Network: City gate regulators 0.1-2 Bar medium pressure 0.1 Bar low pressure mains PE pipes Local Distribution Network: Connection lines Lateral connections from mains Output pressure at home Enter households via meters, to residential units (steel pipes) regulators is 22.5 mBar connects to appliances Figure 2-1: General components of the city’s distribution network 1 Because natural gas is odorless, odorants facilitate leak detection for inhabitants of residential areas. Page 3 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2.2 Project Work Packages during Construction 2.2.1 Pressure Reduction Station (PRS) PRS consists of equipment installed for automatically reducing and regulating the pressure in the downstream pipeline or main to which it is connected. Included are piping and auxiliary devices such as valves, control instruments, control lines, the enclosure, and ventilation equipment. PRS expansion planned for El Khosous has an inlet pressure range (70-18 bar) and outlet pressure 7 bar and maximum flow rate 20,000 SCMH. 2.2.2 Main feeding line/network “7 bar system – PE 100” A gas distribution piping system that operates at a pressure higher than the standard service pressure delivered to the customer. In such a system, a service regulator is required to control the pressure delivered to the customer. Main feeding lines are mainly constructed from polyethylene pipes with maximum operating pressure (MOP) below 7 bar. 2.2.3 Distributions network “Regulators, PE80 Networks” A gas distribution piping system in which the gas pressure in the mains and service lines is substantially the same as that delivered to the customer’s Meters. In such a system, a service regulator is not required on the individual service lines. Distribution networks are mainly constructed from polyethylene pipes with MOP below 100 millibar. 2.2.4 Installations (Steel Pipes) A gas distribution piping system consist of steel pipes which is connected from individual service line to vertical service pipe in a multistory dwelling which may have laterals connected at appropriate floor levels; in addition to service pipe connected to a riser and supplying gas to a meter and gas appliances on one floor of a building. Internal Installation consists of a pipe connecting the pressure reducing regulator/district Governor and meter Outlet (MOP 25 millibar) to appliances inside the customer’s premises. 2.2.5 Conversions Conversions involve increasing the diameter of the nozzle of the burner of an appliance to work with natural gas as a fuel gas rather LPG or others. Page 4 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2.3 Project Execution Methodology 2.3.1 Project area selection criteria Preliminary project planning has applied social, economic, safety, and technical criteria to identify sub-areas (districts and villages that might be increased subject to availability of resources and compliance with technical, economic, and social criteria) as targets for connecting the customers (households). The project shall introduce the service in new areas, which have not been connected before, and shall further extend the network in areas which are partially covered. A preliminary estimate was generated through a general survey (outlined below), followed by a Property & Appliance (P&A) survey. The outcome of the P&A survey is a detailed listing of individual households to be connected after passing safety and technical evaluations. The detailed listing is then used to finalize pipeline sizing and routing. 2.3.2 General survey - Data collection on potential households to be connected from all relevant authorities - Field visits to record road and building conditions. - Approximation of the number of customers not meeting safety and technical criteria. - Identifying availability of utilities in the area and their conditions (Electricity, Water, telephone lines, and sanitation pipelines) through data and maps from the relevant authorities. - Identifying the location of the nearest PRS or gas networks, if available. 2.3.3 Property & Appliance (P &A) survey - Obtain the latest aerial maps of the project areas from the Egyptian Survey Authority - Identifying Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates of the sites - Locating each road and building and inserting them on the corresponding map - GPS team develops a survey map to be used by the P&A survey team to generate a unique customer reference number (C.R.N) based on building, block, and sector - The final (C.R.N) will be associated to customer name, address, appliances, and data. - An isometric drawing for each building, location of service, and riser routes is created, reviewed by the surveyors, and delivered to the Installations department - Data is entered into a central database and G.I.S system for review by a design team - Design team finalizes pipe sizing, type, regulator capacity & locations, routing, and number of appliances to be converted 2.3.4 Criteria for selection of structures eligible for connections - Areas with pre-existing utilities especially underground (electricity, water, sewerage, telecommunication) - Structures in residential areas cannot be made from clay or wood - Structures must comply with British Standards and Egyptian Building Codes - Residential areas must be in proximity to the gas network Page 5 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Based on the above, potential connections in El Khosous are presented below: Table 2-1: Planned connections Governorate First year Second year Third year Total 2016/2017 2017/2018 2018/2019 (Thousand units) El Khosous 3 27 50 80 2.3.5 Design and material take-off (MTO) including procurement Once the final number and location of project components and households is finalized, a final design of the distribution pipelines is utilized to estimate the materials needed to implement the project. Procurement of the materials includes local and international components. Local purchases typically include PE piping for the distribution networks. The main international purchases may include critical components, regulators, and metering stations 2.3.6 Construction works of PRS 2.3.6.1 Pressure Reduction Station Civil Works No new PRSs are anticipated in El Khosous. However, the project entails upgrade of the existing PRS to increase capacity from 10,000 to 20,000m3/h. This will not require land acquisition or resettlement nor does it entail major construction/excavation works. El Khosous existing PRS site was selected according to international best-practice and guided by minimizing the possible negative impacts on surroundings: the safety of neighboring areas from possible gas release accidents and noise associated with reducers operations. The PRS is surrounded by a wall for safety and security purposes (including reducing noise impacts of the PRS reducers on the surrounding receptors). There are scattered building in the agricultural land surrounding the PRS. In case new buildings arise in the area around the PRS, Institute of Gas Engineers Safety Recommendations require the following buffer zones: - Minimum distance between high pressure line (70 bar) and buildings outside the PRS will be 90 meters from the center line. - PRS should maintain free areas from each side to allow for emergency vehicle access. - At least 20 meters between reducers and any building which may arise in the future to minimize noise impacts. The PRS consists of equipment installed for automatically reducing and regulating the pressure in the downstream pipeline or main to which it is connected. Included are piping and auxiliary devices such as valves, control instruments, control lines, the enclosure, and ventilation equipment. PRS expansion for El Khosous shall be designed for an inlet pressure range (70-18 bar) and outlet pressure 7 bar and maximum flow rate 20000 SCMH. PRS design is in accordance with Institute of Gas Engineers/ Safety Recommendations IGE/SR/9, 10, 16, 18, 22, 23, 24, 25; Institute of Gas Engineers/ Transmission Distribution IGE/TD/13; and National Fire Protection Association NFPA 15. Page 6 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2.3.6.2 Pressure Reduction Station Mechanical Works Constructing Pressure Reduction Stations and City gate Regulators are regular construction works in addition to connections between transmission mains and distribution mains. The PRS comprises two types of pressures, the first is the upstream pressure, which a high pressure is ranging from 30 to 70 Bar, while the second pressure is the downstream pressure, which is a low pressure (7 Bar). PRS design is in accordance with Institute of Gas Engineers/ Safety Recommendations IGE/SR/9, 10, 16, 18, 22, 23, 24, 25; Institute of Gas Engineers/ Transmission Distribution IGE/TD/13; and National Fire Protection Association NFPA 15. 2.3.6.2.1 Inlet stage Inlet components of the PRS should be completely isolated from the cathodic system applied to the feeding steel pipes by installing isolating joint with protection. 2.3.6.2.2 Filtration stage The aim of the filtration stage is to remove dust, rust, solid contaminants and liquid traces. Two filters and two separators are installed in parallel; each filter-separator operates with the full capacity of the PRS. Filter-separator lines are equipped with safety devices such as differential pressure gauges, relief valves, liquid indicators, etc. 2.3.6.2.3 Heating stage Because the difference between the inlet and outlet pressure is relatively high, icing normally occurs around outlet pipes. This may cause blockings and accordingly reduce or stop the gas flow. To avoid such circumstances, a heater is installed to keep the temperature of outlet pipes over 7°C. Each PRS is equipped with two heaters in parallel in order to allow for a standby heater in emergencies. 2.3.6.2.4 Reduction stage Each PRS includes two reduction lines in parallel, also to allow for a standby line. The lines are equipped with safety gauges, indicators and transmitters to maintain safe operation conditions. According to the IGEM standards, the reduction unit should be installed in a well-ventilated- closed area or, alternatively, in an open protected area. 2.3.6.2.5 Measuring stage After adjusting the outlet pressure, gas flow and cumulative consumption are then measured to monitor NG consumption from the PRS and to adjust the dosing of the odorant as indicated below. Measuring devices are sensitive to low gas flow, which normally occurs during first stages after connecting a small portion of targeted clients. 2.3.6.2.6 Odorizing stage The objective of the odorant is to enable the detection of gas leaks in residential units at low concentration, before gas concentration becomes hazardous. The normally used odorant is composed of Tertiobutylmercaptin (80%) and Methylsulphide (20%). The normal dosing rate of the odorant is 12-24 mg/cm3. The system consists of a stainless steel storage tank, which receives the odorant from 200-liter drums, injection pumps and associated safety devices. 2.3.6.2.7 Outlet stage Page 7 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 The outlet stage includes an outlet valve gauge, temperature indicators, pressure and temperature transmitters and non-return valves. The outlet pipes are also, like inlet pipes, isolated from the cathodic protection by an isolating joint. 2.3.7 Construction works of Main feeding line/network “7bar system – PE100” The distribution system shall consist of 7-Bar mains extending from the PRSs through city gate regulators, which in turn feeds low pressure networks via district regulators. Distribution mains are typically Polyethylene (PE) pipes connected to regulators. Regulators are fed by 7-Bar piping which is orange in color (referred to as PE100) with diameters between 16mm to 355mm according to GIS PL2-8. 2.3.7.1 Excavation and pipe laying: In general, the least expensive and most commonly used excavation technique is the Open cut technique. Alternatively, borings may be excavated using hydraulic drive, and finally Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) technique. HDD is only utilized in the case of railway crossings, waterways, and major streets where traffic cannot be interrupted. In the case of HDD under railway crossings steel or reinforced concrete sleeves will be installed to further protect the piping from fatigue. It should be noted that intersections with waterways of the Nile or its major branches are not anticipated in this project. 2.3.7.2 Site preparation and excavation: Prior to excavation works, pipeline routes shall be identified and marked in the field. Excavation works start by removing the asphalt layer using either a mechanical trencher or a jack hammer. The mechanical trencher also removes broken asphalt and the base stone layer. In case the jack hammer is used, road layers are then removed by excavator. The road base soil, underneath asphalt and stones, is then excavated either by a backhoe excavator or by manual excavation. The advantage of manual excavation is that it reduces the risks of breaking water, sewerage, electric or telecommunication lines which are unmapped. Typically the trench for PE pipes is 0.4-0.6 meter wide, and about 1.5 meter deep, depending on pipe diameter. For steel pipes the trench width is 0.6-0.8 meters with the same depth, also depending on diameter. Excavated soils, broken asphalt and other waste materials during excavation are loaded onto trucks, for transfer to disposal sites. Because of limited space on most streets, loading waste trucks shall be done upon excavation in order to avoid stockpiling waste. In some cases, where groundwater table is shallow, the trench should be dewatered before pipe laying. Dewatering pumps typically discharge into a drain or sewer manhole, according to arrangements with local authorities. To conserve water, if dewatered groundwater is free of perceivable pollution, it will be- to the extent possible- used on- or around the work site or discharged into the nearest canal to be used for irrigation. Page 8 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2.3.7.3 Pipe laying: During the excavation works, welding works may take place above-ground. Once the trench is excavated, the pipe stretch shall be laid down. Welding may involve a built-in coil electrical fusion weld (fittings with heating coils installed inside) or butt welds (hot plate softening the tips of the PE pipes before joining). In both cases, adequate electrical units are needed onsite (diesel generators, cables). 2.3.7.4 Backfill and road repair: Natural gas PE pipes should be surrounded by sand in order to absorb loads from the road. After laying and welding works, the trench is then filled with sand either by a front loader or manually. The sand should be effectively compacted in the trench in order to avoid road settlements, and subsequent cracks. A yellow warning tape marked “Natural Gas” is placed on top of the sand layer. Figure 2-2: Typical backfill arrangement (Source: EGAS technical drawings) In some cases, an inverted U-shaped reinforced concrete slab is constructed around the pipeline after laying in order to improve shock resistance. Page 9 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 2-3: Typical layout of U-shaped concrete slab (Source: EGAS technical drawings) 2.3.7.5 Leakage testing: Following construction activities, the piping should be tested to locate possible leaks using either hydrostatic testing or pneumatic air-gas testing. In the former, the pipe is filled with water and then pressurized to the desired level, along with pressure testing at different locations to detect leaks, then water is drained. In the second process, air, or an inert gas, is used instead of water. In both cases, pressure is increased to 1.5x the operating pressure. Pressure drop indicates leakage. Hydrostatic testing is more complicated than the pneumatic, as it requires highly efficient water drainage. This drainage takes place by the "pigging process", which includes forcing an object, the "pig", through the pipe by liquid or air pressure to totally drain the line before NG is fed. In the case of pneumatic testing, Nitrogen gas purge to remove air after the test. In order to prevent deformation, dislocation, and rupture of the pipes, leakage testing through pressurization must be performed AFTER backfilling the excavation under (10 cm), around (10 cm), and above the pipes (20 cm, at least). Page 10 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2.3.8 Construction works of distribution network “regulators, PE80 networks”: The distribution system shall consist of 100 mbar mains extending from the city gate regulators through, Distribution networks are typically Polyethylene (MDPE) pipes connected to regulators. Regulators are feed by 100 mbar piping which is yellow in color (referred to as PE80) with diameters between 16mm to 250mm according to GIS PL2-2. 2.3.9 Construction works of household installation After testing the piping for leakage, connections to the buildings commence. The connection starts from the main line (PE) and crosses the road to the buildings on both sides. At the edge of the building, a riser (steel) feeds different laterals which ends at the customer gas meter then to different appliances. Traffic may be affected by the connection works due to obstructions by scaffolding structures. The underground portion of the riser is sleeve-protected, while above- ground pipes are painted. Risers and laterals are fixed on walls by steel clips. This will involve drilling the walls to attach the necessary bolts and rivets. The laterals enter the household through the wall. Connections are tested for leakage by increasing pressure to 2Bar and monitoring pressure drop. - Connections work will connect the distribution network to the households. - Gas will be feed into the property at 100 mbar maximum, through risers and laterals for flats and an external meter box service termination for singly occupied premises. - Sizes of risers depend on the number of dwellings in the block of flats but laterals will be normally 1 inch or 3/4 inch. - Gas meters will be installed with a suitable regulator (governor) at internal pressures of 20 mbar. - Internal piping inside the household will be steel pipes of 1 inch, 3/4 inch and 1/2 inch diameter and will generally supply a cooker and a water heater. Connections from steel pipes to appliances are typically flexible rubber tubing in the case of stoves and copper tubing for water heaters 2.3.10 Conversion of home appliances Conversion of home appliances shall be carried out on 2 appliances (stove and water heater). The majority of appliances will be converted by drilling out existing injector nozzles to accommodate the targeted gas flow. Burner drilling is necessary to increase the flow of low- pressure NG in order to maintain the calorific value that was previously available from high- pressure LPG. Typically, injector nozzles are drilled to become 1.25 to 1.5 times larger in diameter. The installation contract between the household owner and the implementing company includes the cost of converting 2 appliances. Conversion involves increasing the diameter of the gas injectors of the stove and water heater to accommodate the difference in operating pressures and calorific value of natural gas in comparison with LPG. Conversion works are practiced at the client's flat, by changing the injectors' properties of the appliance. Typical drill bit sizes used for conversions are either 35 or 70mm. Page 11 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Conversion also involves flue gas outlet/stack installation for bathroom heaters. The stack must lead to external/ambient atmosphere outside the HH. In order to allow the installation of the conversion of the heater and installation of the stack, the bathroom volume must exceed 5.6 cubic meters. Installation of the stack may require scaffolding and breaking of the wall or ceiling. 2.3.11 Hotline During construction activities, a 24-7 Hotline (129) is available for customers and the public to report leaks, damage, emergencies, and/or incidents related to gas connections, components, infrastructure, and activities (inside or outside households) and to request repairs/emergency response/assistance. This includes possible damage to other underground utility lines (water, wastewater, electricity, phone, Internet) and to buildings and physical structures or cultural sites during excavation/construction activities. It also includes reporting issues resulting from construction activities such as excessive/prolonged noise, vibration, waste, traffic, accessibility, visual, and other community health and safety impacts. 2.4 Activities of the operation phase 2.4.1 Operation of the network The operation of the system is undertaken by LDCs. Normal operation will include routine audits on pressures and condition of the network. Normal maintenance and monitoring works for the network include: - Monitoring valves at selected points on the pipeline. Gas leaks are routinely monitored using gas detection sensors; In case of a leak detection, or damage to part of the network, the damaged pipe is replaced. The following procedures are usually followed: - Stopping leaking line by valves when available or by squeezing the lines before and after the damaged part. - Excavating above the effected part (in case of distribution main or underground line) - Venting the line - Removing affected pipe, replacing effecting part and welding it with the two ends, filling and road repair 2.4.2 Repairs in households Repairs in residential units include appliance adjustments or piping/metering replacement. 2.4.3 Hotline A 24-7 Hotline (129) is available for customers and the public to report leaks, damage, emergencies, and/or incidents related to gas connections, components, infrastructure, and activities (inside or outside households) and to request repairs/emergency response/assistance. Page 12 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 3. Legislative and Regulatory Framework 3.1 Applicable Environmental and Social Legislation in Egypt  Law 217/1980 for Natural Gas  Law 4 for Year 1994 for the environmental protection , amended by Law 9/2009 and law 105 for the year 2015 Executive Regulation(ER) No 338 for Year 1995 and the amended regulation No 1741 for Year 2005, amended with ministerial decree No 1095/2011, ministerial decree No 710/2012, ministerial decree No 964/2015, and ministerial decree No 26/2016  Law 38/1967 for General Cleanliness  Law 93/1962 for Wastewater  Law 117/1983 for Protection of Antiquities  Traffic planning and diversions o Traffic Law 66/1973, amended by Law 121/2008 traffic planning during o Law 140/1956 on the utilization and blockage of public roads o Law 84/1968 concerning public roads  Work environment and operational health and safety o Articles 43 – 45 of Law 4/1994, air quality, noise, heat stress, and worker protection o Law 12/2003 on Labor and Workforce Safety o Book V on Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) o Minister of Labor Decree 48/1967. o Minister of Labor Decree 55/1983. o Minister of Industry Decree 91/1985 o Minister of Labor Decree 116/1991.  International Plant Protection Convention (Rome 1951)  African convention on the conservation of nature and natural resources (Algeria 1968)  UNESCO Convention for the protection of world cultural and natural heritage (Paris, 16 November 1972)  Basel Convention on the control of trans-boundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal (1989)  United Nations convention on climate change (New York 1992).  United Nations Convention on climate change and Kyoto Protocol (Kyoto 1997) Page 13 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 3.2 World Bank Safeguard Policies Three policies are triggered for the project as a whole: Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01), Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP 4.11), and Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12). However, OP/BP 4.12 will not be applicable to El Khosous as no land acquisition or resettlement activities are anticipated. Particularly, as the network will pass through the main urban roads/streets and side roads without causing any damage to private assets or lands 3.2.1 OP 4.01 – Environmental Assessment According to the World Bank Operational Policy OP 4.01, the Natural Gas Connection Project is classified among Category A projects. Projects under this Category are likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts that are sensitive2, diverse, or unprecedented. Likely environmental impacts shall be analyzed and mitigation measures proposed for expected negative impacts in an Environmental Management/Monitoring Plan. 3.2.2 OP 4.11 – Physical Cultural Resources Project areas may include sites, buildings and monuments that fall under the definition of Physical Cultural Resources3. As the project involves excavations in many locations, which may be near sites of cultural value, there has been specific attention in this study to identify the locations of such sites, and to develop mitigation measures for controlling the effects on such sites. These mitigation measures are also reflected in the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan. 3.2.3 OP/BP 4.12 – Involuntary Resettlement According to the WB’s safeguard policy on Involuntary Resettlement, physical and economic dislocation resulting from WB funded developmental projects or sub-projects should be avoided or minimized as much as possible. Unavoidable displacement should involve the preparation and implementation of a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) or a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF), to address the direct economic and social impacts resulting from the project or sub- project’s activities causing involuntary resettlement. It is not envisaged that the project will result in any physical or economic dislocation of people in El Khosous as there will be no new PRSs and the upgrade of the existing PRS will not require expansion of current PRS lands. Additionally the gas network will pass through the main urban roads/streets and the local roads. It will not go inside any agriculture lands or damage any assets. Therefore, no safeguards instruments for OP 4.12 will be triggered for this specific area. In addition to the above mentioned safeguards policies, the Directive and Procedure on Access to Information4 will be followed by the Project. 2 A potential impact is considered “sensitive” if it may be irreversible (e.g., lead to loss of a major natural habitat) or raise issues covered by OP 4.10, Indigenous Peoples; OP 4.04, Natural Habitats; OP 4.11, Physical Cultural Resources; or OP 4.12, Involuntary Resettlement. 3 Physical Cultural Resources are defined as movable or immovable objects, sites, structures, groups of structures, and natural features, and landscapes that have archeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. 4 https://policies.worldbank.org/sites/ppf3/PPFDocuments/Forms/DispPage.aspx?docid=3694 Page 14 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 3.2.4 World Bank Group General Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines & WBG Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines for Gas Distribution Systems Gaps between requirements outlined by WBG guidelines and actions detailed by the ESIA have been analyzed. There are no significant differences between the requirements outlined by the WBG EHS GUIDELINE on GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS and the management and monitoring actions outlined by the ESIA. Page 15 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4. Environmental and Social Baseline 4.1 Environmental Baseline El Khosous is a city in the governorate of Qalyubeya, which is located in the Nile east region near the head of the Delta. It is bordered from the south by both Cairo and Giza governorates, from the north by Dakahlya and Gharbia governorates, from the east by El-Sharkia governorate and from the west by El-Monofia governorate. Kafr Shukr Banha Shebin El Qanater Tookh Al Qanater Al Khairyia Khanka Qalyoub El Khosous Shubra El Kheima Figure 4-1: Distribution of cities in Qalyubeya governorate Page 16 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.1.1 Climatology and Air Quality 4.1.1.1 Site Specific Ambient Air Quality 8-hour average measurements were conducted for pollutants of primary concerns, namely, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), Total Suspended Particulates (T.S.P) and particulate matter (PM10). Location N coordinates E coordinates Qalyub General hospital 30°10’41.4” N 31°13’16.7” E The methodology for site selection and instrumentation are detailed in Annex 3. Results The following tables present the results for ambient air quality measurements conducted at the monitoring location. Daily average results are shown in the following table for all the measured parameters Table 4-1 8 hours average results at the Qalyub general hospital (µg/m3) Time NO NO2 NOx SO2 CO PM10 T.S.P 10:00 (AM) 26.3 17.8 43.9 15 1.2 11:00 19.3 12.6 31.6 9.6 1.2 12:00 17.4 18.7 35.9 11.4 1.2 13:00 23.6 23.2 46.6 12.7 1.2 134.22 141.8 14:00 12.4 9.3 25 9.1 1.2 15:00 15.9 9.3 30.9 11.7 1.2 16:00 17.5 13.6 30.9 11.7 1.2 17:00 23.2 18.2 41.3 12 1.3 Limits 10 National (24 hrs) 150 150 150 150 150 230 (mg/m3, 8 hrs) 200 WB (24 hrs) - - 125 N/A 150 230 (1 hr) The concentrations of measured air pollutants are below national and WB guidelines. All the measurements for the gaseous pollutants were complying with the maximum allowable limits according to law 4/1994 for Environment protection and its amendments by law No.9/2009 and the executive regulation issued in 1995 and its amendments no. 710 in 2012 and 964 in April 2015”. Construction equipment and machinery to be used in the project are certified, i.e., exhaust emissions are below permissible levels. Ambient concentrations of gaseous pollutants, NOx, SOx and CO are unlikely to surpass permissible levels due to operation of construction equipment. Management and mitigation plans for ambient air pollution are further addressed in chapters 5 and 7. Page 17 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 During the construction phase, excavation and rehabilitation activities will likely cause dust levels to surpass permissible levels in construction areas. That said, excavation and rehabilitation are done on the same work day. Therefore, the duration of permissible levels being surpassed will be intermittent for the duration of the work day i.e., 8-10 hours. Management and mitigation plans for dust concentration beyond permissible levels are further addressed in chapters 5 and 7. 4.1.1.2 Site specific noise measurements Noise level measurements were conducted in the same location of the ambient air quality measurements. The duration of the measurements is 8 hours with one hour averaging intervals. Methodology Instrumentation for noise levels measurements Ambient noise levels were measured using two B & K 2238 Mediator, Integrating Sound Level Meters, Type I (precision grade), compliant with IEC 1672 Class 1 standard and a B & K 4198 Outdoor Weatherproof Microphone Kit. Results The table below presents the results of ambient noise measurements and their corresponding national and international permissible limits. Table 4-2 Ambient Noise Levels Readings at the general hospital Sound Level Equivalent & Percentile Recordings in dBA for 24 Hours Time LAeq LA10 LA50 LA90 LA95 LCpeak 10:00 55.79 41.58 31.58 25.04 23.63 108.85 11:00 57.2 45.41 51.53 50.03 52.47 100.74 12:00 67.12 44.43 37.99 33.89 32.81 118.63 13:00 66.83 45.48 38.11 32.58 31.71 88.82 14:00 71.9 52.54 41.9 36.13 34.77 93.7 15:00 69.98 56.19 47.64 38.16 36.34 95.32 16:00 68.12 56.87 47.47 39.7 37.8 104.96 17:00 70.5 58.67 49.75 38.61 36.17 99.24 Page 18 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Table 4-3: National and World Bank limits for ambient noise levels Egyptian Law 4 Requirements WB Requirements Permissible noise One hour LAeq intensity decibel (dBA) DAY NIGHT Receptor Day Night 7 a.m. TYPE OF AREA 10 p.m. to 07:00– 22:00 - to 10 7 a.m. 22:00 07:00 p.m. Sensitive Areas (Schools- Residential; hospitals- rural areas) 50 40 Institutional; 55 45 educational Residential with limited Industrial; Noise 55 45 70 70 traffic commercial Urban residential areas with 60 50 commercial activities Residential adjacent to roads 65 55 less than 12m wide Residential adjacent to roads 12m wide or more, or light 70 60 industrial areas. Industrial areas (heavy 70 70 industries) Typically due to noise from passing traffic on the road near the measurement locations, baseline ambient noise levels are marginally higher than the national (Sensitive Area: Hospital for low- pressure network connections) World Bank permissible limits for residential, educational, and institutional receptors and higher than national permissible limits for sensitive receptors. Furthermore, excavation and construction activities may cause noise levels to further surpass permissible levels at the site. Overall, the duration of permissible levels being further surpassed during excavation and construction activities will be intermittent for the duration of the work day i.e., 8-10 hours. Management and mitigation plans for noise levels beyond permissible levels are further addressed in chapters 5 and 7. Page 19 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.1.2 Climate 4.1.2.1 Temperature Temperature ranges between 13 °C and 28°C in winter and summer, respectively. The figure below shows the monthly average temperatures for the year 2015 (www.weatherbase.com). Table 4-4 Monthly Average Temperatures Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec T (oC) 13.7 15 17.3 21.3 24.6 27.2 28 27.7 26.4 23.7 19.3 15.3 4.1.2.2 Rainfall The maximum annual rainfall ranged between 16.3 mm in February and 28.45 mm in March. The table below shows the monthly average precipitation Table 4-5: Monthly Average precipitation (P) for the Year 2015 Month / Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Property Average 5.9 4.1 2.9 1.3 1.4 - - - - 0.8 4.1 5 P (mm) Source: (www.weatherbase.com) 4.1.2.3 Relative humidity The mean relative humidity (RH%) ranges from 45.7% in May, to 60% in December (Egyptian Meteorological Department.) Maximum and minimum monthly average RH% are shown in the figure below (Source: www.weatherbase.com) Page 20 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 90 80 70 60 Humidity % 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Morning Evening Month Figure 4-2: Average monthly RH% 4.1.2.4 Wind The tables below show the wind speed and direction, respectively. Table 4-6 Monthly Wind Speed (WS) in Qalyubeya (last 19 years (Km/h)) Month Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov Dec. WS 14 16 12 14 14 14 12 12 12 12 9 12 Source: www.weatherbase.com Table 4-7 Wind Directions at the urban, suburban and rural areas in Qalyubeya (1995- 2000) Page 21 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.1.3 Geology 4.1.3.1 Topography The topography of the Qalyubeya governorate decrease gradually in elevation from the South, where El Khosous is located, to the North-East. The highest topographical area is in the South Eastern corner of the governorate, where the topography reaches 20 m above sea level. 4.1.3.2 Geomorphology The lithostratigraphy of El Khosous and surrounding area consists of Miocene sediments having thickness reaching 40 m in their outcrops at El-Menaiyer Quarries and Holocene deposits consisting of Nile silt and clay. 4.1.4 Water resources 4.1.4.1 Surface water In El Khosous, the Isamilia canal is the main surface water resource. This canal water runs eastward upon the low relief of Pelsium and El-Tumilate branches of the old Nile Delta5. A small irrigation canal runs from the Ismailia Canal to the cultivated area. For the first section, the canal runs underground below the public roads. The projected work is planned along existing roads; no pipelines will be passing through any of the aforementioned surface waters. 4.1.4.2 Groundwater The ground water consists of deep Eocene, Miocene and Oligocene and Quaternary aquifers commonly composed of graded sand, rock fragments and gravels with clay intercalations6 During the project construction activities, the excavation depth does not exceed 1 m, therefore groundwater is unlikely to be encountered. 4.1.5 Terrestrial Environment The connections of pipelines to households are planned in urbanized areas, where flora and fauna of significance do not occur. 4.1.5.1 Flora Vegetation in and around the designated area is representative of arid sub-Sahara and Sahara areas, which includes grasses, shrubs and trees. The common field crops in the surrounding area are zea mays, rice, wheat, tomato, grape, and citrus species, in addition to eucalyptus and date palm trees. The bankside of the Ismailia canal consist of piled and dried mud as well as reed and castor bean plant, palm trees, and sub-shrubs. As gas connection works are planned in urbanized and semi-urbanized areas, no flora associated with surface waters or flora of significance will be encountered. 5 Arnous, M. O. (2004): Geo-environmental Assessment of Cairo-Ismailia Road Area, Egypt Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), PhD. Thesis. 6 El-Ghawaby, A. (2012): Preparation of database for landuse management in North East of Cairo, PhD. Thesis. Page 22 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.1.5.2 Fauna As the natural gas connections project will only take place in urbanized and semi- urbanized areas, in streets that have already been excavated and include underground utilities, flora and fauna of significance will not be encountered. 4.1.5.3 Statutorily protected areas El Khosous is not located within any statutorily Protected Area7. 4.1.5.4 Birds El Khosous does not lie within the Important Bird Area (IBA)8 4.1.6 Road distribution network No works are planned on main roads. Urban primary and secondary arterial streets Urban arterial streets are 3-4 lanes wide, partially paved with asphalt and partially dusty and rocky. Urban roads carry major portions of traffic in and out of urban areas. Urban streets are congested with pick-up trucks, cars, Tuk Tuks, carriages pulled by donkeys, bicycles, motorcycles and pedestrians. Unpaved secondary streets are sometimes dusty and rocky. Small local businesses such as cafes and kiosks may be present on urban streets. The figures below show typical secondary streets in El Khosous. 7 http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/Portals/0/eeaaReports/N-protect/Protectorates2013_A3En_Ar_Existing_Future.pdf 8 http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/userfiles/file/IBAs/AfricaCntryPDFs/Egypt.pdf Page 23 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 4-3: Example of an urban secondary street in El Khosous Figure 4-4: Example of an urban secondary road and a kiosk leading to a local street Page 24 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 4-5: Example of an urban secondary street in El Khosous Local streets Local streets are 2 lanes wide and serve residential and commercial areas. Local and distributor streets within the city of El Khosous are dusty. Street parking is allowed. Those streets are congested with vehicles such as Tuk Tuks, carriages pulled by donkeys, pedestrians, and bicycles. Page 25 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 4-6: Example of a local street in El Khosous Considering the dusty aspect of the urban and local streets of El Khosous, excavation works are likely to cause increased dust emissions. The impact assessment and mitigation measures are addressed in chapters 5 and 7. Page 26 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.1.7 Waste management Construction waste such as excavation waste, if not used for backfilling, is disposed in the local waste disposal site based on an agreement between the excavation contractor and the local government unit (Al Khosous City Council). Pipe remains are stocked for shipping to the company central depot in Abu Rawash where they are sold as scrap metal. Empty paint cans are also collected to and sent back to the central depot for disposal as hazardous waste at licensed facilities. The Nasreya & UNICO facilities in Alexandria are the only designated entities in Egypt for disposal of non-medical hazardous waste. The disposal site for municipal waste used by the local unit in El Khosous is located about 13 km North East of the city. Figure 4-7: Location of Waste Disposal Site 13 km North East of El Khosous Project activities in El Khosous will take place in the city, where project workers will have access to public sanitary facilities. Therefore, no extra sanitary waste is anticipated. 4.1.8 Physical cultural resources As the natural gas connections project will only take place in urbanized and semi- urbanized areas, no physical cultural resources are expected to be disturbed by project activities. In addition, one of the conditions for connecting natural gas to a given area is the presence of all other underground utilities in that area. This means that excavation will take place in streets that have already been excavated and include underground utilities. Page 27 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 No historical or antiquities sites were identified in El Khosous project areas. However, should any chance finds occur, the procedure outlined in the Annex 2 titled ‘Chance Find Procedure’ will be followed. 4.1.9 Physical structures The majority of buildings are informal red brick houses in relatively tight streets. The construction materials of the walls and ceilings are one of the main bases and conditions required to install the NG. It was reported that all of the sample surveyed live in buildings that are constructed of concrete and red brick. The figure below shows typical structures in El Khosous. Figure 4-8: Typical red brick structures in El Khosous Page 28 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.2 Socioeconomic Baseline El Khosous is located in the jurisdiction of Qalyubeya governorate. Shubra El Kheima district is located in the south. Khanka district is located in the northern borders. In the west, Qaluob district is located. 4.2.1 Administrative affiliation Qalyubeya governorate's total area comes to 1124.30 km2, forming 0.1% of the country's total area. It is divided into 7 Markaz, 10 cities, 2 districts, and 50 rural local units with 147 affiliated villages. El Khosous total area is estimated by 7.35 km2. It comprises of one city (Qalyubeya Statistical Year Book of Qalyubeya Governorate 2015) 4.2.2 Urbanization trends El Khosous city is of a mixed nature. It encompasses agriculture lands, small industries, residential and commercial zones. The limited agriculture lands are quickly being replaced by unplanned residential areas. Some of the newly constructed buildings on agricultural land have been built without any legal permits. 4.2.3 Demographic characteristics 4.2.3.1 Total Population The total population of Khosous city was estimated to be 337,121 residents in 2013 in 74,226 households. 4.2.3.2 Rate of Natural Increase The birth rate in Qalyubeya is 27.30 births per 1000 persons. The adult mortality rate is relatively identical among the three communities; the mortality rate is 5 per 1000 people. That gives a natural growth rate which of 22.30 per thousand persons in Qalyubeya. The IDSC 2012 Description of the Egyptian Governorate reported that the neonatal mortality rate is 4.80 per 1000, while infant mortality is 14.4 per thousand live births. With regards to the children below five years of age, the mortality rate is 12.10 per thousand live births. 4.2.4 Living Conditions 4.2.4.1 Household Size and Density A household is defined as “Family (and non-family) members who share residence and livelihood, and operate as one social and economic unit”. The average family size in Qalyubeya Governorate is about 3.97 persons and 3.95 in El Khosous. 4.2.4.2 Dwelling characteristics Almost all of the sample surveyed live in an apartment. The majority of buildings are illegally constructed houses. Page 29 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 4-9:prevalent building type Figure 4-10: Khosous dwellings from Balaqs PRS The construction materials of the walls and ceilings are one of the main bases and conditions required to install the NG. It was reported that all of the sample surveyed live in buildings that are constructed of concrete and red bricks. Regarding the legality of the buildings, group discussions reflected that a low percentage of the houses are constructed with no legal documents. Regarding street conditions, the width of streets vary between 3-25 meters width and most are technically eligible for NG installation. Streets in Khosous are mostly paved but not covered with asphalt. This is an important factor for determining street restoration plans and cost as well as management of construction waste. Figure 4-11: Khosous Street width and conditions Page 30 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.2.5 Access to Basic Services 4.2.5.1 Access to Electricity The number of subscribers of the electricity utility company in Qalyubeya Governorate is 1,655,810 and 87,316 families for Khosous. Census showed that the majority of households use electricity as the main source of lighting. All surveyed sample have access to electricity. 4.2.5.2 Access to potable water and sanitary system The governorate depends almost entirely on Nile water for all its water needs. Accessibility to potable water is high in Qalyubeya Governorate, and almost all the households in Khosous City have access to running potable water. The Statistical Year book of Qalyubeya Governorate reported that the total number of subscribers to potable water in Khosous is 28,016 and 631,101in Qalyubeya Governorate. The coverage of sanitary system among the sample surveyed was high. All of the surveyed sample in El Khosous have access to sanitary system. 4.2.5.3 Education Secondary data indicates that intermediate education levels are prevalent: 31.49% of the total population have completed their intermediate education. Basic education represents 23.7% of the total population. University graduates represent only 6.16% of the total population. Khosous shows higher secondary education and university degree ratios than Qalyubeya governorate levels. Table 4-8:Distribution of Qalyubeya and Khosous population by educational status Level Illiterac Illiterac Read Illiterac Primary Illiterate Secondary Interme University y rate y /writ y class education education diate degree among e diplom females a Qalyoub 885817 27.52% - 40716 35249 686633 882160 109286 271778 eia 3 Khosous 56875 29.67% 34.33% 2298 1905 50555 65420 8530 13143 0 Source: National Census 2006 Page 31 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.2.5.4 Unemployment and Work Status The total labor force (above 15 years) in Qalyubeya Governorate is estimated at 1,406,100; of which 1,122,581 are employed. The unemployment ratio is 9.99% on the governorate level and 5.12 % on El Khosous. These rates are considerably low in comparison with the national average of 24%. Table -4-9: % Distribution of Khosous population by work status Workers Unemployed Level Permanen Temporar Seasonal Intermitten Total Unemploymen Female Total t Job y Job Job t Job Workers t Rate Unemploy Unemployed me t Rate Qalyoube 784344 137743 34503 165991 1122581 9.99% 114418 ia El 62511 5119 1015 12068 80713 5.21% 12.8968 4206 Khosous % Source: National Census 2006 With regards to the type of work performed by the breadwinner of the sample surveyed, 31.5% of the total sample surveyed work as skilled laborers, 19.5 as factories operational staff and an average of 12% were unemployed, housewives or students. For female headed households, 88.9% are unemployed while 11.1% work as low skilled laborers. 100% .8% .8% .8% .8% 9.1% 12.0% 90% 3.7% 4.0% police and army leaders 80% 20.2% Police and army force 19.5% 70% unemployed/housewives/student Low skilled laborers 60% Factories operational staff 88.9% 50% Skilled laborers 32.6% 31.5% Farmers and dishermen 40% Services and sales laboreros .4% .4% Administrative 30% 8.3% 8.0% Technision and specialists assitants 20% 9.5% Specialists 9.2% 2.1% 2.0% Legislators and high managerial 10% 5.4% 5.2% 11.1% 7.0% 6.8% 0% Male Female Total Figure 4-12: % Distribution of population by work status of the breadwinner Page 32 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4.2.5.5 Health Facilities Qalyubeya Governorate has 11 general hospitals with an inhabitant/bed ratio of 576.03 and an inhabitant/physician ratio of 2457.47. El Khosous has 1 hospital with 27 beds. 4.2.6 Poverty index According to poverty mapping developed by CAPMAS in 2013, the poor in Qalyubeya governorate are estimated to be 22.99% of the total population as compared to a national average of 26.3% whereas the percentage of poor in El Khosous is 19.15%9. 4.2.7 Income and expenditure As the sample surveyed was more willing to talk about expenditure rather than income, the study focused on the breadwinner who supports the family financially. The expenditure and income of surveyed Khosous households reflected that around 75.5% of the surveyed sample earns less than 2000 EGP per month. This was an indication of poor economic conditions of the target beneficiaries. The average expenditure value is estimated with 1448.16 EGP per household per month with around 40% of the total surveyed Khosous population spending between 300 – 1000 EGP. 4.2.8 Fuel currently used in households 99.6% of the sample surveyed reported that the main type of fuel used for cooking is the LPG cylinders. The source of aforementioned type is mainly the LPG informal distributors (87.2%). The second source is the LPG cylinder distribution vehicle (5.6%). The LPG distribution system suffers interference of informal distributors. The formal legal ones are those groups working in the LPG distributor outlets affiliated to Butagasco and those who received loan from the Social Fund for Development. The informal group includes the venders, grocers, house guards and community based organizations. The Local Governmental Unit participates in distribution only during the shortage of LPG. It is worth noting that the LPG fuel is used also for baking in house ovens that cannot be operated by the NG. That was one of the main concerns raised by the community during the consultation activities. With regards to the fuel used for water heating, it is mainly electricity that operates electric water heating. 60.2% of the sample surveyed in Khosous rely upon electric water heaters whereas 39.4% rely on LPG. 4.2.9 Problems faced with the current household fuel The study aimed at highlighting problems associated with the LPG cylinders in order to verify the willingness of community people to convert to the natural gas: - 44.8% of Khosous sample reported the high cost of LPG and price fluctuations, particularly, during the shortage period - 36.1% of the sample surveyed in Khosous reported that the LPG is not available all the time. 9The extreme poverty measure is very close to US$1.25 per day (MDG 1), whereas the upper poverty measure is very close to US$2.5 per day. The equivalence is calculated at a purchasing power parity (purchasing power parity) exchange rate of US$1=LE3.1 for 2008/2009. (Handousa, 2010). Page 33 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Table 4-10: % Distribution of the problems related to LPG cylinders Problems faced with the current fuel Percent High cost of LPG/ price fluctuations/ greedy salespeople 44.8% Unavailability LPG 36.1% LPG cylinder leaks 4.1% The LPG cylinder is empty/ does not last long 3.6% Cost of transporting cylinder/ up the stairs 2.5% Fear during installation and usage 1.8% Long queues to obtain LPG 1.1% No Problems 3.6% Other 2.2% Electricity used in electric water heaters fuel is becoming increasingly expensive, weak water flow prevents electric heaters from working properly, and frequent power outages affect the availability of hot water from electric heaters. Additionally, the efficiency of electric heaters is low than NG gas heaters. 4.2.10 Perception towards the project Throughout the various consultation and engagement activities, the team experienced and recorded remarkable and overwhelming public acceptance, even eagerness, by the community and the governmental stakeholders towards the proposed project. The indignity and financial hardships experienced by scores of Egyptian families (especially women) in obtaining LPG cylinders (the current household fuel) was revealed through testimonies over all targeted governorates during the preparation of the framework and the site specific studies. Aside from a limited number of concerns regarding street rehabilitation after construction works and options of installation fee payment; the glaring message from governmental and community consultations was to commence and speed up implementation (with repeated requests to expand coverage beyond what is planned for the project). Community perceptions were investigated in order to gain better understanding for the hosting communities’ attitudes towards the project. It is very obvious that almost all of the sample have positive perception about NG. The majority of the sample surveyed reports NG has many remarkable benefits: - Saves time and effort - Available and reliable - Safer than LPG - Reduces LPG and electricity shortages - Ends the indignity and hardships of acquiring the LPG cylinder 4.2.11 Gender dimension of the current type of fuel Females are the main player when it comes to play a major role in the domestic labor relating handling LPG. While women seem less involved in bringing LPG cylinders from the store (2.5%), their role increases to 12.3% to carry the cylinder up the stairs once it reaches the house and 23.5% to install it to the stove. According to respondents from El Khosous, the LPG salesperson is the main person responsible for fetching the cylinders and carrying them up the Page 34 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 stairs. It is worth noting that the role of the salesperson decreases significantly to 40% in the installation process once the cylinder is inside the house. The LPG sales persons are responsible for selling the LPG cylinders as well as delivering it upstairs to the house for an additional cost. Table 4-11: Household Roles related to LPG cylinder acquisition and installation Person father/ mother/ son daughter LPG other other unrelated husband wife salesman female male males relatives relatives Action Individual takes the 5.9% 2.5% 3.0% - 88.6% - - - LPG from outlet Individual takes the 20.9% 12.3% 6.6% - 59.0% - 1.2% - LPG upstairs Individual installs the 27.5% 23.8% 6.6% .4% 40.2% .4% .8% .4% LPG to your cooker 4.2.12 Willingness and affordability to pay The majority of sample surveyed expressed willingness to be connected to the NG regardless of the amount of money they can afford to pay. Such attitude is attributed to the high and fluctuating LPG prices (reaching in some cases over 60 EGP). At the time of the current ESIA, the LPG crisis has been overcome and over 70% of the respondents in Qalyubeya and El Khosous indicated that the price of LPG cylinder falls in the price range of 11-20 EGP. Page 35 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 80.0% 72.6% 69.9% 71.7% 70.0% 60.0% Less than 11 EGP 50.0% 11-20 EGP 21-30 EGP 40.0% 31-40 EGP 30.0% 41-50 EGP 20.0% 51 plus EGP 10.0% .0% Male Female Total Figure 4-13: % Distribution by Current Price of LPG in Khosous and sex of respondent Source: Collected Data On average each household consume 1.2 LPG cylinder for cooking, indicating that each house will pay about 23.86 EGP per month for cooking fuel. The average cost of electric water heating could not be extracted from the total amount of the electricity bill. Monthly installment value was investigated among the sample. The methods of payments discussed revealed that 56.6% of the sample surveyed are willing to pay in cash. The households surveyed reported that they can pay on average in cash between 630.36 EGP and 925 EGP. Concerning the lowest advance payment value they can pay on average was about 334.42 EGP and the highest was about 534.88 EGP. With regards to the installation cost, the majority of them reported 1500- 1650 EGP. 49.0%of the sample surveyed reported that they can pay 138 EGP for 12 months. While a third of the sample were willing to pay 75 EGP for 24 months. The majority of poor respondents reported the ability to pay in installment. Some respondents suggested forming a money pool while others suggested lending to support poorer households. However, project stakeholders indicate that NGOs should support the poor to cover installation costs. Potential mechanisms to support poorer households (who spend less than 1500 EGP per month) should be developed. Page 36 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Preferred System of Installment 13.7% 16.7% 138 LE over 12 months 74 LE over 24 months 52 LE over 36 months 16.7% 10.6% 42 LE over 48 months 35 LE over 60 months 31 LE over 72 months 11.5% 18.5% 28 LE over 84 months 12.3% Figure 4-14: Preferred System of Installments in El Khosous The most preferred installment is 52 EGP/month over 3 years followed by 16.7% for 31 EGP/month over 6 years and 138 EGP/month over one year. The community socioeconomic characteristics and the willingness of people to convert from LPG cylinders to household NG is remarkable. Community people are much in favor of the project. However, there is a need to provide clear information about the project in order to warrantee full support to the project. Page 37 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 5. Environmental and Social Impacts The environmental and social advantages of switching household fuel from LPG cylinders to natural gas pipelines are quite diverse. On the residential level, the proposed project provides improved safety, reduced physical/social/financial hardships, and secure supply. On the national level, it promotes the utilization of Egyptian natural resources and reduces the subsidy and import burden. Even on the global level, the project involves cleaner fuel with reduced carbon footprint. A thorough analysis of environmental and social impacts is important to detail an effective management and monitoring plan which will minimize negative impacts and maximize positives. The assessment of impacts distinguishes between the construction phase and the operation phase. 5.1 Positive Impacts 5.1.1 During the construction phase Provide direct job opportunities to skilled and semi-skilled laborers The project is expected to result in the creation of job opportunities, both directly and indirectly. Based on similar projects implemented recently by EGAS and the local distribution company, the daily average number of workers during the peak time will be about 200 workers. The local community of Qalyubeya Governorate could provide a proportion of this temporary labour force depending on the skills needed and the strategies of the individual contractors in sourcing their workforce. - The total number of new short term job opportunities within the project areas is estimated at 400-500 temporary jobs. They are segregated as follows: - Up to 20% semi-skilled workers on a temporary basis - Up to 30% local construction workers for water heater vent installations - Up to 50% daily wage workers for street drilling In order to maximize employment opportunities in the local communities it is anticipated that training will be required for currently unskilled workers. On-the-job training will also supplement opportunities for the local workforce for both temporary construction roles and for long-term operation phase position, where these are available. Create indirect opportunities As part of the construction stage, a lot of indirect benefits are expected to be sensed in the targeted areas due to the need for more supporting services to the workers and contractors who will be working in the various locations. This could include, but will not be limited to accommodation, food supply, transport, trade, security, manufacturing,… etc. 5.1.2 During the operation phase • As indicated in the Baseline Chapter, women are the key players in the current domestic activities related to handling LPG cylinders and managing its shortage. Being the party affected most from the shortfalls of the use of LPG cylinders, the NG project is expected to be of special and of major benefits to women. This includes, but is not limited to, clean and continuous sources of fuel that is safe and does not require any Page 38 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 physical effort and is very reasonable in terms of consumption cost. Time saving is among the benefits to women. The use of a reliable source of energy will allow women to accomplish the domestic activities in less time and this will potentially open a space for better utilization for the saved time. • Constantly available and reliable fuel for home use • Reduced expenditure on LPG importation and subsidies. Each household consumes 1.5 LPG cylinders monthly. The 80,000 NG household connections will save 120 thousand LPG cylinders per month. The subsidy value is about 70 EGP per cylinder. Consequently, the total saved monthly subsidy will be about 8.4 million EGP monthly. That will result in total annual savings of 100.8 million EGP. Additionally, significant savings will result due to replacing the electric water heater by NG heater • Significantly lower leakage and fire risk compared to LPG • Improved safety due to low pressure (20 mBar) compared to cylinders • Beneficiaries to benefit from good customer service and emergency response by qualified personnel/technicians • Eliminate the hardships that special groups like physically challenged, women, and the elderly had to face in handling LPG. • Limiting possible child labor in LPG cylinder distribution 5.2 Anticipated Negative Impacts 5.2.1 Impact Assessment Methodology To assess the impacts of the project activities on environmental and social receptors, a semi- quantitative approach based on the Leopold Impact Assessment Methodology with the Buroz Relevant Integrated Criteria was adopted. Detailed assessment matrices shown in Annex 4. The table below presents the classification of impact ratings and respective importance of impact values. Importance of Impact Impact rating 0-25 None or irrelevant (no impact); 26-50 Minor severity (minimal impact; restricted to the work site and immediate surroundings) 51-75 Medium severity (larger scale impacts: local or regional; appropriate mitigation measures readily available); 76-300 Major severity (Severe/long-term local/regional/global impacts; for negative impacts mitigation significant). Page 39 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 5.3 Potential Negative Impacts during Construction 5.3.1 Reduction of Traffic Flow (disruption of local and regional traffic) Environmental impacts PRS and HP Off-take PRS site is located in a relatively light traffic area. No major traffic impacts are expected during construction of the PRS as the construction activities are contained on the existing PRS premises and the construction period is limited. The PRS expansion will utilize the existing HP of-take and significant construction activity is expected for HP connections. Low Pressure distribution Network During the mobilization, preparation phases and construction phases: Mobilization of heavy machinery, asphalt breaking, excavation, placement of piping, and backfill activities are bound to limit traffic and accessibility. The impact of works on traffic flow and local access will be dependent on the type of road accessed during project activity. Main roads (highways) No works are planned on main roads; therefore, the project will not directly impact circulation on main roads. An indirect impact can be increased flow of vehicles as urban roads are avoided. Urban roads On urban roads, mobilization, preparation and construction phases will entail narrowing roads by longitudinal and/or lateral excavation or totally blocking narrow or side roads as well as limiting or prohibiting parking along the length of the works. Access to buildings and shop entrances may be limited or constricted in cases where excavations form obstacles for pedestrians and cargo. Coordinating with and obtaining approvals from local government and traffic police is vital to avoid delays, objections, and public inconvenience to the work program. On urban roads, the impact on traffic flow and local accessibility are of medium severity. Local roads As pipeline installation will be taking place on roads, local access on select parts of the road will be ceased and will likely restrict local access to residents into and out of their households. As regular sized vehicles are not the principal mode of transport on local roads, congestion of cars is not anticipated. The inconvenience is expected to affect the flow of Tuk Tuks by slowing them down. However, considering their small size, congestion is not likely to be significant. Inconvenience to the residents will last for the duration of the construction phase activities, namely, excavation and rehabilitation of the road, which will be done on the same day with no pits being left open overnight. Therefore, the duration of inconvenience and slowed traffic of Tuk Tuks etc. in affected areas will last for the duration of the work day i.e., 8-10 hours. Page 40 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 On local roads traffic congestion of regular sized vehicles will be insignificant. The main impact will be inconvenience to residents in accessing residential buildings and will likely be of minor severity. On local roads, traffic and access limitation impacts are temporary, local, and of minor severity Socioeconomic impacts The project will result in inconvenience and disturbance to local communities and business and delay in the various daily activities due to the following: Traffic congestion will result in various unfavorable socioeconomic impacts. i.e.: 1- Microbuses and tuk tuks may find difficulty in maneuvering the streets that will be dug during the project construction. This will increase their fuel consumption and reduce their ability to move quickly and transport less clients as each errand will take more time. 2- There might be a disturbance to community people due to the traffic congestion 5.3.2 Air Emissions Environmental impacts PRS and Low Pressure distribution network WB requirements and Law 4/1994 (modified by laws 9/2009 & 105/2015) stipulates strict air quality standards . Air emissions (gases and particulates) during construction shall arise from: - Particulate matter and suspended solids from excavation/backfilling operations - Possible dispersion from stockpiles of waste or sand used for filling trenches. - Exhaust from excavation equipment and heavy machinery (excavators, trenchers, loaders, trucks) containing SOx, NOx, CO, VOCs, etc. - Traffic congestions resulting from road closure or slowing down of traffic. Dust Impacts from dust generated during PRS expansion activity are limited to site workers and staff as other receptors are separated from the PRS by a buffer zone. It is expected to be controllable using standard dust control Best-Practice. The impact of dust generation (particulate matter) will be limited to the working hours as excavation and backfilling are carried out within the same day. Excavation on dusty or rocky roads such as local roads and some urban roads are likely to generate more dust compared to asphalted streets due to the dusty status of those roads. Gaseous pollutants emissions Impacts from gaseous emissions generated during PRS expansion activity are limited to site workers and staff as other receptors are separated from the PRS by a buffer zone. It is expected to be controllable using standard Best-Practice. Provided machinery used during construction is certified and maintained as per guidelines, the increase in emissions stemming from the exhaust of machinery is unlikely to increase ambient levels beyond national and WB permissible levels. On urban roads, traffic congestion may lead to increased exhaust emissions. Traffic management with local authority will reduce the impact of works on road congestion and associated emissions. Page 41 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Socioeconomic impacts Air emission might result in health problems to allergic community members. Air emissions impacts are expected to be temporary, local, and of minor severity. 5.3.3 Noise Environmental impacts Construction activities of the PRS upgrade and gas distribution network will likely increase noise levels due to excavation and heavy machinery. Typical construction noise includes noise intensity due to engine operation, and intermittent impacts which may take place during demolition of asphalt, either by a trencher or by a jack hammer. As discussed previously, the WB/IFC guidelines and Law 4/1994-9/2009-105/2015 have defined standards for noise intensity and exposure periods in the work place, in addition to certain limits for ambient noise levels for different types of urban and rural areas. Noise impacts on construction workers, technicians and engineers in direct vicinity of the excavation works and heavy machinery are considered more significant than those on residents. Traffic congestions, which could be caused by excavation works, may increase ambient average noise intensity levels. Socioeconomic impacts Noise might result in health problems to the workers, engineers and technicians. Noise impacts are expected to be temporary, local, and of minor severity. 5.3.4 Risk on Infrastructure and underground utilities Environmental impacts PRS It is highly unlikely that underground infrastructure and utilities shall be encountered during construction works of the PRS as they are to take place within the space of the existing PRS with minimal and shallow excavation.. Gas network connection Underground utilities and infrastructure pipelines (such as water, sewerage and telecommunication) have been installed years ago without accurate documentation and maps for its routes and depths. Therefore, the risk of damage to such utilities during excavations for natural gas pipeline installation is possible. The most significant potential environmental impact will arise in case a sewerage pipe is broken and wastewater potentially accumulating in the trench. There is also the possibility of overflowing to the streets causing nuisance to the surrounding environment. Socioeconomic impacts Page 42 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Breaking a water supply pipe may result in cutting the supply to a number of residential units, which may lead residents to use other sources of water which may be either expensive or unsafe. Damaging sanitary system pipelines, electricity and water supply result in severe disturbance to community people. Yet such problem takes short time (no more than 4-8 days). Additionally, the contractor will be responsible of compensating for damaged pipes. Impacts on underground utilities are expected to be temporary, local, and of minor severity 5.3.5 Impacts related to land The project will not entail any land acquisition in El Khosous as there will be no need for any land during construction or operation. There will be no new PRS. Additionally, the connection network will pass through the main urban streets and local roads. This will not result in any land acquisition either temporary or permanent. Land acquisition impacts are of irrelevant severity because no involuntary resettlement will take place 5.3.6 Possible effects on vulnerable structures10 Environmental impacts PRS The PRS expansion is only limited to upgrading the electrical and mechanical equipment inside the PRS. It is highly unlikely that vulnerable structures will be encountered during PRS expansion as the current PRS site is separated from such structures by a buffer zone. Gas network connection Dewatering activities: Excavation for natural gas pipelines is usually shallow and does not exceed 1.0 meter depth. Groundwater is typically not encountered at shallow depths. However, if groundwater is encountered, dewatering will be applied. If dewatering activities are sustained for a long duration, differential settlement of the fine soil can jeopardize the integrity of weak structures in the surrounding area. Drilling vibrations: Workers are accustomed to manually drill to prevent vibrations near sensitive structures. Another possible impact on structurally-vulnerable buildings is weakening the structural system during drilling holes in the walls for riser connections on the side of the building or for internal connections to the household. The hole for the pipe usually is small compared to the wall section. Moreover, beams can easily be avoided by carefully selecting the distance of the drilling from the ceiling. For skeleton type buildings, drilling in columns or beams could have a significant effect on the structure, but this risk is well understood among connection workers and could be avoided. Structural impacts on vulnerable buildings are of irrelevant severity 10 If encountered within project areas. Page 43 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 5.3.7 Effect on Culturally Valuable Sites11 Effects on culturally valuable sites (monuments, archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic or other cultural significance) may involve: 1. Structural damage to a monument due to dewatering during excavation. 2. Damages to monuments' foundations due to excavation works. 3. Damage to the monument body by vibration of machinery. 4. Reducing the aesthetic appeal of the site or building. 5. Improper management of discovered antiquities during excavation (chance finds). If dewatering is needed, may lead to differential settlement of the soil surrounding the monument foundations could result. Shallow foundations may be affected by excavation works. This may cause differential settlement and may cause cracks and stability risks to the monument body. Vibrations caused by machinery such as a trencher and jack hammer may cause cracks and surface damage to the stones of the monument, and risks to its stability. According to the CULTNAT classification, a site may be classified as architecturally-valuable for its artistic design, its elevation view, artistic balcony, windows, domes or other components. Fixing gas risers and connections next to such components may reduce their artistic value. Chance finds during excavation are highly unlikely within the project area as the streets have been previously excavated for installing underground utilities. However, Antiquities Law provides clear guidelines for action in the case of chance finds. It also states that a representative of the antiquities department must be present during excavations in areas adjacent to antiquities sites. Please see Annex 2 that outlines procedures in case of chance finds. The works for the gas distribution network are not planned nearby physical cultural resources as described in the baseline of the project area in chapter 4. Impacts on culturally valuable sites and buildings are of irrelevant severity 5.3.8 Effect on ecological systems (green areas/farmland) Environmental impacts During construction of the gas distribution network, excavations and pipe laying will mostly be aligned along routes previously excavated or paved. No protected areas will be encountered in the alignment of the lines. Impacts on ecological systems are expected to be irrelevant. 5.3.9 Solid, Hazardous Wastes and Liquid Waste Management PRS and Low Pressure Gas Network Connections Environmental impacts 11 If encountered within project areas. Page 44 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Wastes that are generated during the construction phase include: - Excavated soil and excess sand; concrete and bricks waste; - Broken asphalt in the case of paved roads; - Cans containing paint used on steel pipes in household connections - Containers of chemicals and lubricant oils used for construction machinery; - Possibly damaged asbestos water pipes during excavation; and - Possibly Dewatering product from trenches. - Construction waste estimates are in the range of 100-120 m3/km. Excavated soil and concrete/bricks waste are inert materials. Improper disposal of such wastes will only have aesthetic effects on the disposal site. The legal standards of Law 4/1994-9/2009- 105/2015 for the Environment and Law 38/1967 stipulate that these wastes should be disposed of in licensed sites by the local authority, which minimizes any aesthetic effects of such waste. Asphalt waste may contain hazardous components, such as tar, lubricating oils, some heavy metals, etc. However, its solid nature minimizes the transport risk of such components to the environment. Disposal of asphalt waste to a construction waste disposal site is common practice in Egypt, and is not normally associated with environmental risks because of dry weather. Empty containers of chemicals, lubricating oils, and paint are considered hazardous waste. They should be disposed of in an approved hazardous waste handling facility. This is not a direct result of construction activities, but rather relates to maintenance of equipment. By preventing fueling/lubricating activities on construction sites no empty containers will need disposal. Asbestos waste could result if an underground water pipe is broken during excavation. If encountered, wasted parts of the pipe must be sprayed with water, to prevent emissions of asbestos-containing dust, and transported to an approved hazardous waste landfill. Asbestos waste may pose significant health risks to workers, pedestrians and residents of neighboring areas. Therefore, efficient management of such waste, if generated, will be very important. The probability of generating asbestos waste is relatively low as the damage is usually repaired locally without the need for pipe replacement. Management and disposal of the generated waste is the responsibility of the Water Authority performing the repairs. It is highly unlikely that groundwater may be encountered at the PRS location and routes of the low pressure distribution networks as these have been previously excavated with no record of groundwater. In the unlikely case that groundwater is encountered during excavation, improper drainage of dewatering water may result in forming stagnant water ponds around the construction site, which can develop, if not drained, infiltrated or evaporated, to form nuisance and an environment for breeding of insects. Normally dewatered product is relatively clean water, which should be drained to the sewer system. To conserve water, if dewatered groundwater is free of perceivable pollution, it will be- to the extent possible- used on- or around the work site or discharged into the nearest canal to be used for irrigation When dewatering is performed from a contaminated trench or near a source of pollution seepage to groundwater, contaminated water is collected for certified treatment/disposal according to WB/IFC guidelines and National Laws 93/1962 and 48/1982, respectively. Page 45 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 As mentioned previously, site offices will be located in residential areas during excavation of the low pressure distribution network. Workers and employees typically utilize the bathrooms of surrounding facilities; especially mosques. In the case of construction of HP pipeline offtakes or PRSs, work locations may take place in low-population density areas without sanitary facilities. In such cases, portable toilets are provided for workers and employees. This or similar arrangements shall require septic tanks to be utilized. The septic tanks are purged and emptied as needed by means of a local contractor, in coordination with the local unit. The Local Distribution Company (ReGas) will ensure that the agreement for disposal of the wastewater will stipulate the disposal at certified wastewater treatment facilities and shall require sanitation contractors to produce documentation to that effect. Management of sanitation waste water shall be carried out according to applicable National laws and WB/IFC guidelines. Socioeconomic impacts Waste contractors and recycling/disposal sites will benefit from waste disposal contracts. If waste is not managed properly, it will result in health problems to the surrounding communities. Overall, waste generation impacts are of minor severity 5.3.10 Street condition deterioration Environmental impacts Streets rehabilitation or restoration following pipeline network installation: is referred to by an Egyptian legal/institutional expression (‫ )رد الشئ إلصله‬that signifies the responsibility to “restore to original condition”. In the context of the project, it applies to the responsibility of the implementing company to provide the necessary resources to re-pave roads and streets to the original state after natural gas excavation and installation works. The current arrangement is that the implementing entity performs the backfilling of the excavated trenches and agrees a restoration fee with the local government unit (district) to cover the balance of the restoration and pavement cost. The local unit uses the fee to include the restoration and re-pavement of the streets in its “pavements plan”. Socioeconomic impacts Delays in street restoration may lead to varying degrees of damage to vehicles, loss of access and business, traffic congestions with associated delays and emissions, and a potentially significant public discontentment. Impacts associated with Street Rehabilitation are limited to the low-pressure connections network as no street excavation takes place for PRS expansion Although the restoration impact may be temporary, localized, and of minor severity, it is perceived by the public as major inconvenience. Page 46 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 5.3.11 Overconsumption of community resources Environmental impacts No probability of environmental impacts pertaining to overconsumption of community resources. Socioeconomic impacts Generally speaking having workers in small cities might result in unfavorable impact on the available resources, e.g. pressure on accommodation, food, health care and medication and potable source of water. Given the size of population in project sites and the availability of most of services; the limited number of workers (100 worker) will not result in any significant impact on the community resources. The impact of overconsumption of community resources is of irrelevant severity given that the limited number of workers is small in comparison to the number of residents in the area. 5.3.12 Community health and safety Environmental impacts No probability of environmental impacts on community health and safety other than the impacts discussed elsewhere in this section. All excavation, network installation, household installation, and appliance conversion activities should comply with Egypt Gas H&S Guidelines (Please see Annex 6 for details). Socioeconomic impacts Negligent workers may cause accidents harmful to the community members, particularly children and old people, especially close to the digging sites. The workers should support children and old people in case of crossing digging areas. There should also be caution tapes to stop community people from accessing construction sites. In case of the workers and contractor adhere to such procedures the community health and safety impact will be limited. Impacts associated with Community Health and Safety are limited to the low-pressure connections network as virtually all PRS expansion activities are contained with the existing PRS premises which is surrounded by a buffer zone to separate it from community receptors. With compliance to the health and safety measures, impact related to the community health and safety during the construction phase will be minor 5.3.13 Visual intrusion Project activities will entail piling of sands and moving of vehicles in various construction sites. Moreover, the temporary storage areas will be used to store pipes, painting materials and safety equipment. That will result in significant visual intrusion impact. Impact related to the visual intrusion during the construction phase is irrelevant Page 47 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 5.3.14 Labor conditions and occupational health and safety Throughout this phase there will be many occupational health and safety risks to workers on the sites. These are generic risks associated with construction sites and include slips and falls; moving lorries and machinery; exposure to chemicals and other hazardous materials; exposure to electric shock and burns; weather related impacts (dehydration; heat stroke). This is short term (6-12 months) but because of the large number of unskilled workers who are reluctant to use Personal Protective Equipment, there might be some level of risk. Impact related to Occupational health and safety during the construction phase is of medium severity 5.4 Potential Negative Impacts during Operation 5.4.1 Community health and safety In addition to a full array of safety and emergency precautions taken by EGAS and the implementing entities (local Distribution companies: Egypt Gas for El Khosous ), user safety is prioritized by stating emergency precautions on the household gas meter and by setting up emergency response centers. Impacts on user health and safety may occur through improper handling of piping and valves by the user. This may be due to a lack of awareness, illiteracy, or failures in piping or sealants. Considering the low probability of occurrence and the lower density of natural gas (compared with current practice of LPG), impacts on community health and safety due to gas leaks is of minor severity. 5.4.2 Integrity of natural gas piping Environmental impacts Low-probability events may impact the integrity and safety of the NG network and components during the years of the operation phase. - Geological and geotechnical events: earthquakes may result in geotechnical instabilities that lead to network breakage or leakage in multiple locations simultaneously. The geological and geotechnical history of the area may also lead to possible events. - Sabotage: pipelines and other components may be targeted for sabotage. Socioeconomic impacts Adverse impact is expected in raising the fear of disruption of Gas supply Leak impacts may be permanent and highly severe, however, considering the extremely low probability of occurrence, the impact is of minor severity. 5.4.3 Visual intrusion impacts The installation of house connection and the chimney will affect the building There is a probability to affect the building, particularly, unique old buildings. Under certain technical and Page 48 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 safety conditions it is not possible to avoid visually impacting the entrance of the apartment and dwellings with installed pipes. Visual intrusion Impacts will be of irrelevant severity 5.4.4 Economic disturbance to the LPG distributors There could be a Minor negative economic impact on LPG cylinders distributors. (Governmental sector- private sector who have license to distribute LPG cylinders- non official distributors). The LPG distributors will lose their income. However, their ability to move to other areas or change their business is high. Various previous NG projects have not influenced the informal LPG vendors. The probability of such impact is minor as LPG distributors manage to perform alternative job. 5.5 Women and Vulnerable Groups Vulnerable groups12 are more exposed to the implications of various impacts and are more likely threatened to get in more impoverishment. The level of vulnerability of a certain group and the severity of the impact on these groups has been assessed. It is believed that certain groups are more vulnerable than others due to higher level of exposure to these impacts or lack of alternatives or survival methods that allow for coping with these impacts. It is expected that poor women and female headed households will be able to access the project benefits through the installment schemes that EGAS is making available to encourage citizens to get connected to the project. The same benefits that women will gain from this project apply also to other vulnerable groups of elderlies and people with disabilities. It is foreseen that the project will not have any unfavorable impacts on women and vulnerable groups. 12 According to World Bank definition, a vulnerable group is a population that has some specific characteristics that make it at higher risk of falling into poverty than others living in areas targeted by a project. Vulnerable groups include the elderly, the mentally and physically disabled, at-risk children and youth, ex-combatants, internally displaced people and returning refugees, HIV/AIDS- affected individuals and households, religious and ethnic minorities and, in some societies, women. Page 49 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 6. Analysis of Alternatives 6.1 No Project Alternative This Natural Gas Connections to Households Project is expected to yield many economic and social benefits in terms of providing a more stable energy source, achieving savings in LPG consumption and enhancing safety in utilizing energy. The No-Project alternative is not favored as it simply deprives the Egyptian Public and Government of the social, economic, and environmental advantages detailed in section 5.1. 6.2 Energy Alternatives - Maintain LPG use: Introduction of piped natural gas to replace LPG will help to remove subsidies and reduce imports. The proposed project would also improve the safety of gas utilization as appliance standards are strictly controlled and only qualified personnel carry out installations and respond to emergencies. In the case of LPG, installations are not carried out by trained personnel resulting in possible unsafe installations and unsafe use of LPG. - Convert to Electricity: The second alternative is to convert all homes to use electricity for all energy supply applications. Additional power stations would be needed to cope with the additional demand created by utilization of electricity in homes, which most probably would operate also by natural gas. Power losses in transmission and distribution are also significantly higher than their natural gas equivalents which would add to the overall inefficiency. - Use Renewables: the renewables market does not present feasible, practical, and affordable alternatives to connecting 1.5 million households at this point in time in Egypt. Biogas requires large amounts of agricultural and domestic waste, while solar panels and heaters remain in pilot phase. Energy alternatives do not provide favorable options to the proposed NG networking 6.3 Installation costs The average natural gas connection installation cost is about 5600 EGP and consumers contribute a part of 1700 LE because the connection is heavily subsidized by the Government. This payment can be made either upfront or in installments over a period of time. Installment schemes are available to all community people. The government of Egypt is negotiating with the project’s financing organizations in order to secure additional subsidy to poor and marginalized groups. They also provide facilitation payments strategies through offering various installment schemes. The following are the main types of installments: 138 EGP/Month for 12 months,74 EGP/Month for 24 months, 52 EGP/Month for 36 months, 42 EGP/Month for 48 months, 35 EGP/Month for 60 months, 31 EGP/Month for 72 months and 28 EGP/Month for 84 months13. 13 In case of any change of the value of NG installation cost, the installment value might be changed Page 50 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 6.4 PRS siting As mentioned in section (5.3.5 Impacts related to land), the main criteria for PRS siting are: - Proximity to High-pressure gas main lines to minimize offtake length - Availability of space with adequate dimensions and affordability of the land for PRS construction and possible expansion - Presence of standard buffer zones between PRS and nearest buildings or receptors As per national and WBG guidelines, PRS siting avoids habitat alteration and seeks to minimize environmental, occupational health and safety, and community health and safety impacts. These are general criteria for PRS siting. They are, however, not applicable to this specific ESIA as no new land was acquired for the PRS. The PRS component in this ESIA is an expansion of an existing PRS within the same land. Page 51 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7. Environmental and Social Management & Monitoring Plan 7.1 Objectives of the ESM&MP The objective of the Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan (ESMMP), is to outline actions for minimizing or eliminating potential negative impacts and for monitoring the application and performance of mitigation measures. The ESMMP identifies roles and responsibilities for different stakeholders for implementation and monitoring of mitigations. This section also presents an assessment of the institutional capacity and institutional responsibilities for implementing the ESMMP. Wherever applicable, the ESMMP is designed to accommodate alternative context-specific mitigations and monitoring measures. Overall, the following Environmental and Social measures are complementary to and do not substitute compliance to the detailed HSE guidelines, procedures, and actions adopted by EGAS and its subsidiary LDCs. In the following Management and Monitoring measures the term Local Distribution Company (LDC) refers to the gas company in charge of project implementation: Egypt Gas. 7.2 Management of Mitigation and Monitoring activities During Construction Phase 7.2.1 Hotline During construction activities, a 24-7 Hotline (129) is available for customers and the public to report leaks, damage, emergencies, and/or incidents related to gas connections, components, infrastructure, and activities (inside or outside households) and to request repairs/emergency response/assistance. This includes possible damage to other underground utility lines (water, wastewater, electricity, phone, Internet) and to buildings and physical structures or cultural sites during excavation/construction activities. It also includes reporting issues resulting from construction activities such as excessive/prolonged noise, vibration, waste, traffic, accessibility, visual, and other community health and safety impacts. 7.2.2 Management of Traffic Impacts The following mitigation measures are proposed to minimize traffic disruptions: 1. Construction During Off-peak Periods: Times of construction are identified by the local Traffic Department in a conditional excavation permit issued to the implementing company, based on the Traffic Department operational experience in the area, 2. Signage and Markings: Construction works require proper information disseminated to motorists. This can be done by provision of informational and directional signs posted prior to the construction. Pedestrian crossings can be also provided at proper locations. 3. Traffic Detour: To maintain traffic in critical streets at a reasonable level of service, the Traffic Department may implement traffic detouring Page 52 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 4. Re-structuring the Road Right-of-Way: The arterial road network generally exhibits a wide right-of-way. Normally, it would be possible to re-structure the road’s cross section to accommodate the construction works and maintain traffic movements along the road. Coordination between Egypt Gas/EGAS and the local traffic authority is imperative as the above mentioned mitigation measures will be implemented by, or in coordination with, the local Traffic Department. Monitoring will be carried out by the local Traffic Department to make sure that flow reduction is within acceptable levels. Coordination should be established between the Traffic Department and the HSE Departments of the implementing gas companies (Local Distribution Companies- LDCs) to ensure compliance and adequate implementation of the identified mitigation measures. LDC HSE should record any comments by the Traffic Department regarding violation of excavation permits by the contractor. 7.2.3 Management of Air Emissions The following mitigation measures are considered minimum standards: 1. Excavated soil stockpiles and stored sand should be located in sheltered areas. Stored fine sand should be covered with appropriate covering material14, such as polyethylene or textile sheets to avoid soil dispersion. 2. Transportation of excavation/construction waste should be through licensed and sufficiently equipped vehicles with a suitable special box or provided with a cover to prevent loose particles of waste and debris from escaping into the air or dropping on the road. 3. Disposal of excavation/construction waste should be in locations licensed by the local authority. Air emissions of excavation machinery and diesel-powered electrical units should be within allowable legal limits. Because dust emissions from construction works include non-point sources such as excavation, direct emission levels cannot be measured. On the other hand, monitoring ambient total suspended particles or PM10 could be misleading because of the interference of other sources. Therefore, monitoring activities should ensure point sources, i.e., exhaust of excavation machinery, are within the standards stipulated by the Law. Mitigation measures must be documented. Documentation should consist of standard operating procedures and monitoring reports for emission tests and complaints. Leaks of natural gas A natural gas leak can result if integrity of pipes is jeopardized. The Local Distribution Company must coordinate with the local municipality to safely evacuate the area and deploy trained personnel to repair broken pipe based on an Emergency Response Plan. 7.2.4 Management of Noise Mitigation measures for avoiding unacceptable, and illegal, noise levels include: 1. Prevent exposure of construction workers to different noise levels and noise impacts according to the Egyptian legal standards. This could be achieved through adjusting working hours, breaks, and exposure duration to be within permissible limits. 14 Sufficient sheets should accompany work groups during the construction phase. Cost of sheets should be included in ESMP budget Page 53 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2. Provide construction workers with ear muffs. 3. Minimize construction through nighttime whenever possible. Implementing this measure should be balanced with avoiding peak hours of heavy traffic. If construction works are to take place on important traffic roads, avoiding traffic disturbance in day time may outweigh reducing noise levels in afternoon or night times and vice versa. Monitoring of noise levels during construction shall include: 1. Measurements of noise intensity at the locations of construction, where workers are exposed to the noise. 2. At locations where mechanical hammers are used, measurements of noise intensity of impacts, and the corresponding number of impacts at the construction location. 3. Recording complaints of the neighboring areas regarding the noise levels. Documentation should consist of standard operating procedures and monitoring reports for noise measurement tests and complaints. 7.2.5 Management of Excavation Activities Posing Risk on Utilities LDCs follow established procedures to deal with emergency situations related to breaking underground utility and infrastructure lines. The company supervisor stops work in the affected area, calls the Police Department and emergency department in the relevant utilities company for immediate repair of the damage, which the contractor is invoiced for. The mitigation measures below focus on preventive measures and documentation. Mitigation measures for avoiding breaking underground utilities and infrastructure pipes: 1. Collecting most accurate maps for underground utilities and infrastructure routes from Information Centers in the various Governorates and asking them for site markings, whenever available, and making such data available to the contractor prior to commencing the works. 2. Boreholes to locate underground utilities before using mechanical excavation. 3. Once underground utilities are mapped or uncovered, horizontal and vertical clearances between natural gas lines and electricity lines must be respected for safety considerations. 4. In case an underground utility and infrastructure pipe has been damaged, standard procedures should be followed, as described before, in addition to preparing a documentation report for the accident. The documentation report should include: a. Time and place of accident; b. Name of contractor; c. Type of underground utilities and infrastructure line; d. Description of accident circumstances and causes; e. Actions taken and responses of different parties, such as infrastructure company; f. Duration of fixing the damage; and g. Damage caused (description shall be according to observation, expertise judgment, reports of infrastructure company). Monitoring activities for such risks, are basically documenting, analyzing reasons that led to the accident and updating procedures to avoid future accidents. Monitoring environmental consequences of such accidents, such as depth of effected soils, volumes of effected groundwater, and other social effects are believed to be unnecessary actions by the implementing Page 54 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 company, though it might be recommended for the authority owning the infrastructure line (Water and Wastewater Company or Telecommunication Authority) for their research activities. 7.2.6 Management of Activities Posing Risk on Structures Stability15 1. Screening by a technical committee from the Design, Projects and Operations Departments of LDCs to identify areas/sectors including buildings with potential structural problems. Areas with potential problems should be excluded from the project. 2. In areas of high groundwater level, dewatering activities would be needed. Dewatering activities should follow a tight excavation/dewatering schedule through preplanning and supervision of implementation to avoid lengthy dewatering activities. If water resulting from dewatering is contaminated, it should be transferred to an adequate facility. 3. Minimize excavation intensity and vibrations from heavy equipment in the vicinity of vulnerable structures, if any. In case vulnerable structures are identified, excavation should be done manually. Monitoring activities will be mainly performed through supervision of the work of LDCs, and reviewing site reports by the HSE supervisor. 7.2.7 Management of Culturally Valuable Sites16 Law 117/1983 for the Protection of antiquities has set certain standards that should be followed during excavation works near a registered antiquity site. Proposed mitigation measures include: 1. Identifying a comprehensive list of all registered antiquities falling within the domain of the project and possibly at risk from construction activities. 2. Provide supervision by the Supreme Council of Antiquities on implementation of construction works at identified locations. 3. If dewatering activities are to take place, the process should be undertaken under the supervision of foundation engineers who shall perform necessary soil investigations. 4. Reduce vibration, in identified locations of antiquities: a. using manual tools whenever possible; b. phasing work to eliminate vibrations from several machinery; and c. Establish cutoff barrier through a vertical trench to absorb vibrations. 5. Fixing gas risers on the back of architecturally valuable structures. 6. Chance find process, in case an antiquity is found during excavation, includes stopping excavation works, and contacting the Supreme Council of Antiquities to handle the site. Monitoring activities will be site specific according to the requirements and conditional permits granted by the Supreme Council for Antiquities. 1. Monitor vibration levels at the monument location during excavation. 2. Undertake geophysical survey for some locations prior to construction, according to the instructions of the Supreme Council of Antiquities. The LDC site supervisor will be responsible for documenting the monitoring activities in monthly reports delivered to EGAS. 15 If encountered within project areas. 16 If encountered within project areas. Page 55 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 These mitigation measures, if required, shall be implemented by the Council, while the costs will be covered by LDCs. 7.2.8 Management of Waste Disposal In El Khosous, the local unit is responsible for the pick-up and disposal of solid waste. Construction waste such as soil waste is disposed of. .Domestic waste is collected from domiciles and collection sites and disposed. 7.2.8.1 Solid Waste 1. Allocating certain areas, in each Sector, for stockpiling waste soil and construction waste, in coordination with the local authority. 2. No soil stockpiling is allowed on banks of waterways. 3. Maximize re-use of excavation waste as backfill for natural gas pipeline trenches. 4. Normally asphalt waste could be disposed of with other excavation waste/aggregates in the local non-hazardous waste site. 5. Solid waste from unlikely scenarios such as domestic site activities (such as temporary offices or resting areas) should be addressed in specific waste management plans, as appropriate 7.2.8.2 Liquid and hazardous waste 1. Empty cans of oil-based paint resulting from painting the steel connection pipes to households are to be collected and sent back to nearest LDC depots for temporary storage until disposal at a hazardous waste facility (Nasreya or UNICO in Alexandria). 2. As an important pollution prevention measure, fueling, lubricating or adding chemicals for excavation should not take place at the construction site. Accordingly, no empty chemicals/oils containers will be generated by direct project activities. 3. Further to the above measure, in case waste containers of hazardous materials are generated in the construction site due to unusual circumstances, the LDC is responsible for ensuring that contractor should collect these containers and transfer it to the hazardous waste landfill in Nasreya or UNICO in Alexandria17. This measure should be specified in the construction contract and supervised by LDCs site supervisor. 4. If hazardous waste quantities generated are too small for isolated transport to the Nassreya landfill, a temporary storage site can be created. Coordination with waste authority will be imperative to secure a location and implement adequate procedures for storage depending on quantities and type of wastes until collection and shipping to Nassreya landfill. . 5. In case of damaging of asbestos pipes during excavation, the Water Authority, which will carry out the repairs, will be responsible for handling the waste asbestos according to their procedures. 17The Nasserya hazardous waste facility is currently being operated under supervision of Alexandria Governorate while UNICO (also in Alexandria) is approved by EEAA to treat and dispose of petroleum wastes. Page 56 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 6. Preplanning drainage of dewatering water and taking necessary permits from the Water and Wastewater Company, or irrigation authority. No land disposal should be accepted for the water 7. If dewatering is taking place from a contaminated trench, or contains hydrocarbons that could be observed or smelled, contaminated water should be collected in barrels and transported to a wastewater treatment facility. 8. Asphalt waste may contain hazardous components, such as tar, lubricating oils, heavy metals, etc. However, its solid nature minimizes the transport risk of such components to the environment. Disposal of asphalt waste to the municipal waste disposal site is common practice in Egypt as this is normally not associated with significant environmental risks because of the dry weather nature of the country. In order to minimize risk of spillage of hazardous liquid wastes, the following general precautions should be taken: - Pre-Plan the anticipated amounts of hazardous liquid materials (such as paint, oils, lubricants, fuel) to be used in the various activities in order to minimize leftovers and residuals. - To the extent practical, seek to combine leftovers or residuals of the same liquid material/waste in order to minimize the number of containers containing hazardous residuals - Ensure hazardous liquid material/waste containers are always sealed properly and secured from tipping/falling/damage/direct sunlight during transportation and storage (temporary and long-term) - In case of spillage: o avoid inhalation and sources of ignition o cover and mix with sufficient amounts of sand using PPE and tools o collect contaminated sand in clearly marked secure containers/bags o Add sand to inventory of hazardous waste Solid wastes generated during the construction phase are classified as non-hazardous (which includes inert wastes) and hazardous wastes. They are summarized in the tables below where the waste type, description, classification and method of treatment or disposal is explained. Medical or healthcare wastes containing pathologic, contagious, or radioactive constituents as per the definitions of Ministry of Health decree 192 for the year 2001 should be collected, stored and transported separately from any other wastes. Several certified incinerators are available across Egyptian governorates in designated healthcare facilities. In the unlikely case of medical waste, arrangements should be made immediately with the local office of the ministry of health for safe handling and disposal. The tables below present other solid wastes that are generated during the construction phase during the proposed gas connection project. It worth mentioning Construction wastes will be generated only during a relatively short period. Page 57 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Table 7-1 Handling of Solid Wastes during Construction Phase Waste Type Description Classification Treatment and Disposal Excavated soil and Excess sand not used in Non-Hazardous Dispose to an approved non- excess sand construction, and hazardous waste disposal excavated soil other facility: Abu Zaabal Landfill than broken asphalt. site North East of El Khosous (to be agreed with local unit) Metal - Scrap Includes sheet metal, Non-Hazardous Disposal: piping, tubing, wire, - Preferred: Sell to scrap yard cable, , welding residue, for recycling. valves, fittings, and vehicle and equipment - Alternative: Dispose to an parts. approved non-hazardous waste disposal facility: Abu Zaabal Landfill site North east of El Khosous (to be agreed with local unit) Paint Containers – Pails used for latex paint Non-Hazardous Dispose to an approved non- Water Based and paint related solvent hazardous waste disposal containers. facility. Which in is the Abu Zaabal Landfill site North East of El Khosous (to be agreed with local unit) Paint Containers – Pails used for oil based Hazardous Dispose to an approved Oil Based paints, solvents and hazardous waste disposal paints that contain lead, facility, Nasreya Hazardous silver, chromium or Waste disposal Centre. other toxic heavy metals. Welding Rods Generated from piping Non-Hazardous Dispose to an approved non- welding. Remaining hazardous waste disposal portions of used rods or facility. Which in this case Abu unused but opened Zaabal Landfill site North East packaged. of El Khosous (to be agreed with local unit) Concrete and bricks Excess liquid cement Non-Hazardous Dispose to an approved non- waste that not used in hazardous waste disposal cementing operations, facility: Abu Zaabal Landfill loose fragments of site North East of El Khosous solidified cement , (to be agreed with local unit) concrete debris from construction, and bricks waste Broken asphalt Streets excavation will Non-Hazardous Dispose to an approved non- produce broken asphalt hazardous waste disposal facility: Abu Zaabal Landfill site North East of El Khosous (to be agreed with local unit) Page 58 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Table 7-2 Wastes Common for Construction of gas pipelines Waste Type Description Classification Treatment and Disposal Possibly damaged Any waste material Hazardous Dispose to an approved asbestos water pipes containing more than 1 wt% hazardous waste disposal during excavation asbestos including facility: Nasreya Hazardous piping/equipment/vehicle Waste Treatment Centre gaskets, pump packing brake pads, etc. Batteries Scrap wet and dry cell Hazardous - Preferred: Recycle batteries from vehicles and - Alternative: Dispose to an equipment. approved hazardous waste disposal facility, Nasreya Hazardous Waste Treatment Centre. Contaminated Soil – Contaminated soil from Hazardous Dispose to an approved Refined Fuel and Oil routine activities and minor hazardous waste disposal accidental releases spills or facility Nasreya Hazardous leaks. Waste Treatment Centre. Domestic Waste Food waste, paper and Non- Dispose to an approved packaging discarded from Hazardous non-hazardous waste kitchens, living quarters, disposal facility. Which in bathrooms, laundries, this case Abu Zaabal warehouses and offices. Landfill site North East of El Khosous (to be agreed with local unit) Filters – Lube Oil Lube oil filters used to Hazardous Disposal: (Drained) remove solids and impurities - Filters - Dispose to an originating from vehicles, approved hazardous waste machinery and equipment disposal facility Nasreya maintenance and repair. Hazardous Waste Treatment Centre. - Drained liquids - Manage same as Lubricating Oil Oil Containers – Drums and barrels used for Hazardous Dispose to an approved (Including Drums bulk oils and lubricants. hazardous waste disposal and Barrels) facility, Nasreya Hazardous Waste Treatment Centre. Shop Towels (Not Shop towels, rags, Nomex, Hazardous Dispose to an approved Laundered - and other cloth wipers that hazardous waste disposal Contaminated) are contaminated with a facility, Nasreya Hazardous hazardous waste or that Waste Treatment Centre. exhibit a hazardous characteristic and are not commercially dry cleaned or laundered Page 59 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Monitoring activities shall depend mainly upon observation of waste stockpiles of soil and construction waste to ensure the frequency of removal from site, and whether they contain hazardous components. 7.2.9 Management of Street Restoration after asphalt breaking Standard protocols adhering to national/local administrative requirements are to be followed: - Close and early coordination between the LDC (and the excavation contractor, if applicable), the local unit, and any other relevant authorities (in the case of public roads, the Roads and Bridges Directorate may become the counterpart to the LDC) - Agreement on the restoration arrangements, schedules, fees, and payment schedules - Coordination with the General Utilities before starting work especially the Traffic Department, sewerage, water, telephones and electricity departments. - Payment of restoration fees by the LDC before works commencement - Documentation of the agreement and adoption by all involved parties - Communication with the Public and relevant authorities (such as the security and the traffic departments) regarding excavation and restoration plans As mentioned in the impacts section of the study, restoration and re-pavement of streets post- construction and excavation is one of the impacts which are highly perceived by the public. The implementing entity agrees a restoration fee with the local administration unit in charge of the area. The fee is used by the local unit to include the restoration in their re-pavement plans. In some cases, the restoration and re-pavement job is carried out by the Roads and bridges directorate who, in turn, schedule the re-pavements in their own plans. A key to minimize public discontentment and socioeconomic impacts of excavated streets is quick restoration and effective communication with regarding work and restoration schedules. 7.2.10 Management of Community health and safety In addition to all the environmental and social management and monitoring measures in this section which aim for health and safety, awareness-raising actions and signs should be provided to workers and community members to promote safety and health, safety supervisors should be hired by the LDCs to oversee work sites and they will be largely responsible for children and their safety around the construction site. Following are some mitigation procedures to be adopted - Using caution tapes that help to keep people away of the sit, - Informing residents and shopkeepers about the timeline of the project (street by street) in order for the residents to know when to avoid certain streets - A worker should help people crossing excavation, especially on the wooden crossing 7.2.11 Management of occupational health and safety (OH&S) A comprehensive and practical occupational health and safety management system must be enforced. The OH&S measures are to comply with all relevant national legal requirements well as international Best Practice such as the IFC EHS General Guidelines. Practical and administrative measures should be taken by EGAS and the LDC to ensure adherence of site crews to OH&S procedures and measures; especially: - Use of relevant Personal Protective Equipment at all times Page 60 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 - Special procedures for working at heights and working in confined spaces - Earthing to prevent electric shock and fire hazards - Defensive driving and operation of machinery, equipment, and vehicles - Diligent reporting of incidents and “near-incidents” in order to take corrective steps - Other OH&S measures, as detailed by the latest editions of the Egypt Gas HSE Manuals 7.2.12 Management of grievances (E&S Grievance Redress Mechanism) EGAS and the LDCs aim to be recognized as a responsible operator exemplary in the management of the impacts of its activities. As such, EGAS and the LDCs are committed to preventing, limiting and, if necessary, remedying any adverse impacts caused by its activities on local populations and their social and physical environment. Identifying, preventing and managing unanticipated impacts are facilitated by a grievance redress mechanism (GRM). As the World Bank’s governance and anticorruption (GAC) agenda moves forward, grievance redress mechanisms (GRMs) are likely to play an increasingly prominent role in Bank-supported projects .Well-designed and -implemented GRMs can help project management significantly enhance operational efficiency in a variety of ways, including generating public awareness about the project and its objectives; deterring fraud and corruption; mitigating risk; providing project staff with practical suggestions/feedback that allows them to be more accountable, transparent, and responsive to beneficiaries; assessing the effectiveness of internal organizational processes; and increasing stakeholder involvement in the project. For task teams more specifically, an effective GRM can help catch problems before they become more serious or widespread, thereby preserving the project’s funds and its reputation18. Effective grievance management helps to:  Build trust through having a dialogue with stakeholders.  Detect weak signal and propose solution.  Reduce risk of conflict between the affiliate and local communities.  Reduce risk of litigation by seeking fair solutions through mediation in the event of an established impact.  Identify and manage unanticipated impacts of operation.  Avoid delays to operations and additional costs.  Avoid future impacts through analysis of weak signals. The detailed grievance mechanism (GRM) below is to be shared with the community beneficiaries. Posters will be prepared and made available to the beneficiaries in the contracting office19. Additionally, they will be availed in the customer services office. Thus, sufficient and 18 http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ 19 Falls under the budget of the LDCs Page 61 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 appropriate information about the GRM will be disseminated to the communities prior to the construction phase. Information dissemination about the GRM should be shared with the beneficiaries during the process of contracting and disclosed in the contracting office and other publically accessible venues. Following are the various stages of grievances. The proposed mechanism is built on three tiers of grievances: 1- The level of site engineer and regional branch of Egypt Gas in El Khosous 2- On the level of LDC headquarter 3- On the level of EGAS Page 62 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 7-1 Proposed Grievance and Redress Mechanism Page 63 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.2.12.1 First tier of grievances In order to ensure high level of responsiveness to the local communities, it is essential to ensure that a local grievance mechanism is functioning and that the communities are aware of it. Egypt Gas will assign a Social Development Officer (SDO) (can be more than one) who will be working closely with the assigned SDO of EGAS. It is the responsibility of Egypt Gas SDO to ensure that the GRM system is widely known and well explained on the local level. Moreover, s/he will follow up on the complaint until a solution is reached. The turnaround time for the response/resolution should be 10 days and the complainant should know that he/she should receive response by then. The grievances should be presented to the following: - The foreman working on the ground in El Khosous , - The project manager in El Khosous , - The regional department of Egypt Gas in Qalyubeya Governorate It is worth noting that most of the previous experience of EGAS is suggesting that complaints are usually handled efficiently and resolved on the local level. However, the management of the complaints including level of responsiveness, providing feedback and the documentation of the complaints needs to be significantly strengthened. In case the problem is not solved, the complainant may reach out to the second level of grievance. 7.2.12.2 Second tier of grievances: If the aggrieved person is not satisfied with the decision of the first tier, they can present the case to Egypt Gas headquarter. Complaint form is attached in Annex 5. SDO where they should provide resolution within 15 days, following is the second level of grievances: 1. The Social Development Officer in Egypt Gas headquarter will handle technical, environmental and land acquisition complaints. Egypt Gas headquarter SDO should receive the unsolved problems. Thereafter, the SDO gets in contact with the petitioner for more information and forwards the complaint to the implementing entities for a solution. 2. The SDO should follow the complaints and document how they were solved within 15 days. 3. The SDO should update the complainant on the outcome of his/her complaint. 7.2.12.3 Third tier of grievances: If the aggrieved person is not satisfied with the decision of the SDOs of Egypt Gas at Stage 2, they can present the case to EGAS SDO where they should provide resolution within 15 days. The following section presents the third level of grievances: 1. The Social Development Officer in EGAS will handle technical, environmental and land acquisition complaints. He should receive the unsolved problems. Thereafter, they get in contact with the petitioner for more information and forwards the complaint to the implementing entities for a solution. Page 64 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 2. The SDO should follow the complaints and document how they were solved within 15 days. 3. The SDO should update the complainant on the outcome of his/her complaint. 7.2.12.4 Grievance channels Due to the diversity of the context in different Governorates and the socioeconomic characteristics of the beneficiaries, the communication channels to receive grievances were locally tailored to address all petitioners concerns and complaints. The following are the main channels through which grievances will be received: 1. Foremen act as the main channel for complaints. They are always available on the construction sites. However, complaints raised to him/her are mostly verbal. Thus, s/he should document all received grievances in writing form using a fixed serial number that the complainant should be informed about to be able to follow up on the complaint 2. Hotline: 129 is the hotline in Egypt Gas. 3. The SDO within the LDC and EGAS 4. Trustworthy people, community leaders and NGOs/CDAs will be an appropriate channel to guide petitioner about the various tiers of grievances, particularly, in rural areas. 7.2.12.5 Response to grievances Response to grievance will be through the following channels 1. The response to grievances should be through an official recognized form to ensure proper delivery to the complainant. It is the responsibility of the SDOs to ensure that complainants were informed about the results of handling their complaints. 2. Response to grievances should be handled in timely manner as mentioned above, thereby conveying a genuine interest in and understanding of the worries put forward by the community. 3. EGAS and Egypt Gas should maintain record of complaints and results. 7.2.12.6 Monitoring of grievances All grievances activities should be monitored in order to verify the process. The monitoring process should be implemented on the level of EGAS and the LDC. The following indicators will be monitored: Monitoring dimensions Means of verification and indicators GRM is fully operational o Number of received grievances monthly (Channel, gender, age, basic economic status of the complainants should be mentioned) o Type of grievance received (according to the topic of the complaint o Documentation efficiency Page 65 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Efficiency of responses o Number of grievances solved and closed and corrective o Feedback offered to the grievances procedures o Number of unsolved grievances and the reasons behind not solving them o Time consumed to solve the problem Efficiency of information o Dissemination activities undertaken sharing about GRM o Total number of brochures distributed (if any) o Total number of awareness meetings conducted (if any) 7.2.12.7 Institutional Responsibility for the Grievances The entity responsible for handling grievances will mainly be the Environmental Affair Department within the implementing agency (EGAS). The Social Development Officer (SDO) working within EGAS in cooperation with the Egypt Gas will address all grievances raised by community members. The main tasks related to grievances of the SDOs on the various levels are: 1. Raise awareness about channels and procedures of grievance redress mechanisms 2. Collect the grievances received through different communication channels 3. Document all received grievances 4. Transfer the grievance to the responsible entity 5. Follow up on how the problem was addressed and solved 6. Document, report and disseminate the outcome of received grievances 7. Ensure that each legitimate complaint and grievance is satisfactorily resolved by the responsible entity 8. Identify specific community leaders, organizations and citizen groups required to enhance the dialogue and communication through a public liaison office to avoid or limit friction and respond effectively to general concerns of the community 9. Monitoring grievance redress activities Page 66 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.3 Environmental and Social Management Matrix during CONSTRUCTION Table 7-3: Environmental and Social Management Matrix during CONSTRUCTION Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision Excavation during off-peak periods  LDC + Contractor has valid Excavation  Traffic conditional permit + Field Time limited excavation contractors departm supervision permits granted by local unit & ent traffic department Announcements + Signage  LDC Contractor indicating location/duration of costs  LDC HSE works prior to commencement  Excavatio  Local of work Ensure inclusion in contract + LDC n Unit Field supervision management Local traffic Traffic congestion contractor  Traffic costs and (and associated s departm accessibility noise/air emissions) ent Apply Horizontal Directional Drilling under critical intersections whenever Contractor LDC HSE Field supervision possible to avoid heavy traffic delays Field supervision for detouring efficiency Additional Traffic detours and diversion Traffic Traffic Complaints received from budget not Department Department traffic department required Road restructuring and closing Fluidity of traffic flow of lanes Increased Controlled wetting and Contractual clauses + Field compaction of Excavation supervision  Contractor Ambient air emissions of dust excavation/backfilling LDC HSE costs quality and gaseous Contractor pollutants surrounding area  LDC Page 67 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision Isolation, covering, Contractual clauses + Field manageme transportation in equipped supervision nt costs vehicles and disposal of stockpiles Compliance to legal limits of Measure and document air emissions from all relevant emissions of machinery by equipment regular audits request emission measurements  Availability of 24-7 hotline service (129) to all beneficiaries and the public for reporting possible leaks, damages or emergencies LDC LDC HSE Field Supervision  Quick response to gas leaks by evacuation of the affected area  Repair or replacement of failed component Ear muffs, ear plugs, Contractual clauses + Field  Ambient certified noise PPE for  Contractor Increased noise  LDC supervision (audits) noise levels workers costs  levels beyond  Excavatio Local WB/National LDC HSE Field supervision  LDC community Avoid noisy works at night n permissible levels Complaints receipt from manageme whenever possible Contractor  Workers local administration nt costs Damage to Coordination with departments LDC HSE Official coordination  Ground of potable water, wastewater, proceedings signed by  Contractor underground utilities’ electricity, and telecom Excavation representatives of utility manageme utilities resulting in integrity authorities to obtain maps/ Contractor authorities nt costs water/wastewater  Local leaks, data on underground utilities,  Examination of site-  LDC Page 68 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision community telecommunication whenever available specific reports and managemen and electricity records t costs interruptions  Field supervision If maps/data are unavailable: LDC HSE  Contractual clauses + Field Perform limited trial pits or Supervisor supervision boreholes to explore and identify underground utility lines using non-intrusive equipment Preparation and analysis of LDC HSE  Review periodic HSE accidental damage reports reports Repair and rehabilitation of LDC HSE  Contractual clauses + Field damaged components Local supervision Government Unit Local Police  Temporary storage in areas Indicative cost with impervious floor items included  Safe handling using PPE in contractor and safety precautions bid:  Streets Chemical  Transfer to LDC depots (physical analysis of for temporary storage status) hazardous  Disposal at licensed  LDC Field supervision and review of  local waste Hazardous waste Alexandria hazardous  Excavatio LDC HSE certified waste handling, community accumulation transportation, and disposal Trucks from waste facilities (Nasreya or n and chain of custody licensed UNICO) Contractor workers handler (health and  Hand-over selected oils and lubricants and their Pre-treatment safety) containers to Petrotrade (if needed) for recycling Disposal cost at Nasreya Page 69 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision Approximate cost of the above (to be revised upon project execution): 8,000-10,000 LE per ton  Adequate management of Water Field supervision + review of asbestos and any possible Authority + Water Authority manifests hazardous waste contractor  Minimize fueling, Field supervision lubricating and any activity onsite that would entail production of hazardous materials empty containers  Pre-Plan the anticipated amounts of hazardous  Contractor liquid materials (such as costs paint, oils, lubricants, fuel)  LDC  LDC to be used in the various  Excavatio manageme activities in order to n nt costs minimize leftovers and residuals. Contractor  To the extent practical, seek to combine leftovers or residuals of the same liquid material/waste in order to minimize the number of containers containing hazardous residuals Page 70 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision  Ensure hazardous liquid material/waste containers are always sealed properly and secured from tipping/falling/damage/di rect sunlight during transportation and storage  In case of spillage: o avoid inhalation and sources of ignition o cover and mix with sufficient amounts of sand using PPE o collect contaminated sand in clearly marked secure containers/bags  Add sand to inventory of hazardous waste Page 71 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision 1. Designate adequate areas on-site for temporary storage of backfill and non- hazardous waste 2. Segregate waste streams to the extent possible to facilitate re-use/recycling, if applicable 3. Reuse non-hazardous waste to the extent possible 4. Estimate size of fleet required to transport wastes.   Contractor  LDC Contractual clauses Non-hazardous 5. Transfer waste to costs  Local  Excavatio  Monitoring of waste community waste disposal facility North LDC HSE management plan  LDC accumulation East of the project area n manageme 6. If septic tanks are used Contractor  Field supervision nt costs in case of temporary toilet facilities, make contractual arrangements with a wastewater removal contractor (in coordination with the local unit) to purge and dispose of possible septic tanks in the case they are utilized in work site Destruction of  Arrange Restoration and  LDC in - Field supervision Included in re- Local cooperation pavement streets and re-pavement ( ‫رد الشئ‬ EGAS - Coordination with community with the budget agreed pavement ‫ )ألصله‬with local unit LGU as needed LGU by LDC with Page 72 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision  Communication with local local units or community on excavation Roads and and restoration schedules. Bridges Directorate 1. Full compliance to EGAS and LDC HSE requirements, manuals, and actions as per detailed  Contractor manuals developed by Occupational LDC HSE costs Egypt Gas Excavation health and Health and safety 2. Ensure the provision of Contractor and EGAS Field supervision  LDC safety SDO managemen the appropriate personal protective Equipment and t costs other equipment needed to ensure compliance to HSE manuals Compliance with the LDC and  Ensure the Environmental management EGAS SDO implementation of plan concerning timely GRM implementation of the During  Supervision on Local Lack of accessibility construction schedule to digging Contractors communities to businesses due to minimize impact on local process performance business No cost and delay in street LDC businesses rehabilitation  Follow up the The sub- procedure of Grievance contractors Redress Mechanism  Ensure transparent information sharing Local Threat to Safety of Prepare Citizen engagement LDC and  List of awareness  2250 $ per and stakeholder plan During the EGAS SDO activities applied community users and houses awareness Awareness raising campaigns construction Health and (due to limited level LDC  Lists of participants raising safety of awareness and should be tailored in  Documentation with campaign Page 73 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of supervision Estimated Cost of Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision mitigation / supervision misconceptions) cooperation with the photos  2250 $ for community-based  Awareness reports brochure organizations and leaflets to be distributed (material available by EGAS-$ spent) Page 74 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.4 Environmental and Social Monitoring Matrix during CONSTRUCTION Table 7-4: Environmental and Social Monitoring Matrix during CONSTRUCTION Receptor Impact Monitoring Responsibility Frequency Location of Methods of Estimated indicators of monitoring of monitoring monitoring Cost of monitoring monitoring Local traffic Reduction of Comments and LDC HSE Monthly Construction Documentation LDC and traffic flow and notifications from during site in HSE management accessibility accessibility to Traffic Department construction. monthly reports costs local community Complaints log Ambient air Increased air HC, CO% and LDC HSE Once before Vehicles Measurements LDC quality emissions opacity construction licensing and reporting management + once every Department of exhaust costs six months emissions of for each construction vehicle activities machinery Complaints log Ambient Increased noise Noise intensity, LDC HSE Regularly Construction Measurements LDC noise levels levels exposure durations during site site of noise levels management and noise impacts inspections Complaints log costs and once during the night in every residential area or near sensitive receptors such as hospitals Complaints from LDC HSE Monthly Construction Documentation LDC residents during site in HSE management construction. monthly reports costs Underground Damages to Official coordination LDC HSE Monthly Construction Documentation LDC utilities underground reports with relevant during site in HSE management utilities and authorities construction. monthly reports costs Page 75 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Receptor Impact Monitoring Responsibility Frequency Location of Methods of Estimated indicators of monitoring of monitoring monitoring Cost of monitoring monitoring infrastructure Accidents documentation Observation of LDC HSE During Construction Observation LDC accumulated waste construction. site and management piles Monthly documentation costs reports Observation of water LDC HSE During Around Observation LDC accumulations construction. construction and management resulting from Monthly site documentation costs dewatering (if reports Physical encountered) state of street Waste generation Chain-of-custody and LDC HSE Zonal Construction Site inspection LDC implementation of reports site and and document management waste management document inspection costs plans examination Chain-of-custody and LDC HSE During Construction Site inspection implementation of construction. site and document domestic wastewater Monthly inspection (sewage) reports management Local Damaging to the  Streets quality after LDC, EGAS Four times Site and Checklists No cost community streets finishing digging per year, each Desk work and complaints  Number of three months log complaints due to street damage Local Threat to Safety of  Number of LDC, EGAS Quarterly Office Reports No cost community users and houses awareness raising monitoring Photos (due to limited implemented Lists of level of awareness  Number of participants and participants in misconceptions) information dissemination Page 76 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.5 Management of Mitigation and Monitoring activities During Operation Phase 7.5.1 Hotline As mentioned previously, odorant is added to odorless natural gas to facilitate leakage detection by smell/odor. A 24-7 Hotline (129) is available for customers and the public to report leaks, damage, emergencies, and/or incidents related to gas connections, components, infrastructure, and activities (inside or outside households) and to request repairs/emergency response/assistance. 7.5.2 Community health and safety Several measures are suggested to overcome obstacles to full understanding and adoption of safety measures by the clients in the social management plan. Examples include using drawings instead of written instructions to improve communication with illiterate customers, coordinating with women of local NGOs who are interested in cooperating with the project to explain safety precautions to women in the households to be connected, and constantly monitoring the performance of emergency response units. During all consultation activities conducted, participating NGOs offered to host awareness activities related to the NG project. In Qalyubeya, various NGOs were interviewed. They expressed their willingness to act actively as awareness centers for the project. Consequently, such activities will not necessitate additional cost The LDC must communicate clear instructions to clients in order to ensure that NG piping and components (both inside the household and outside) are not be altered, violated, or intruded upon in any way without written approval from, or implementation of the alteration by, the LDC. 7.5.3 Management of Repairs and Maintenance The same mitigation and monitoring measures discussed for the construction phase shall also apply to the repair and maintenance works that will require excavation. 7.5.4 Management of network integrity Rare events may threaten the integrity of the network and cause multiple failures/leaks/fires/explosions simultaneously should be addressed, despite their low occurrence probability. Such events may include the unlikely impacts from earthquakes, unexpected geotechnical settlements, and pipeline sabotage. Mitigation should involves review of geological/geotechnical history and vulnerabilities. Other measures include an emergency action plan and training drills to deal with such events with minimal damage and risk to the public. 7.5.5 Management of Odorant Handling The MSDS of the odorant provides information on the required storage conditions and procedures to be followed in emergencies. For the disposal of empty containers, the MSDS indicates that the remaining product could be either destroyed by oxidation using dilute solutions of hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite, or alternatively through incineration. Page 77 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 LDCs are currently practicing the oxidation of the containers. After evacuation of odorant containers (metal barrels) in the PRS holding stainless steel tank, the PRS staff adds hydrogen peroxide or sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide and detergents to the remaining odorant in the container, with continuous rolling to ensure that all sides of the container have been exposed to the oxidation solution. These treatment procedures are documented in the instructions of the HSE department and followed by PRSs’ staff. This process destroys the hazardous properties of the remaining odorant product; however, arrangements must be made for disposal of the treatment solution remaining in the containers. Although the oxidation process is environmentally acceptable, the accumulation of treated containers in PRSs will cause area limitations inside PRSs and could affect their efficient operation. Alternatively, some PRSs may have standby odorant tanks which are taken to the company depot to be filled and replace tanks in operation upon return to PRS. In order to minimize risk of spillage of hazardous odorant, the following general precautions should be taken: - Pre-Plan the anticipated amounts of odorants to be used in order to minimize leftovers and residuals. - Handle with extreme care and always perform visual checks on the integrity of the odorant container - Avoid rough handling rolling or dropping of odorant containers - Avoid exposure to direct sunlight during storage or transportation - Ensure odorant containers are always sealed properly and secured from tipping/falling/damage during transportation and storage (temporary and long-term) - Always have sufficient amounts of sand, sodium hypochlorite and detergent on standby during usage of odorant - ALWAYS handle containers or spills with care and full PPE compliance - Never release or empty residual odorant from its container to any receptor or for any reason other than filling the odorant tank at the PRS - NEVER use empty odorant containers for any other purpose - In case of odorant spillage: o avoid inhalation and sources of ignition o immediately cover and mix with sufficient amounts of sand and sodium hypochlorite using necessary PPE and tools o collect contaminated sand in clearly marked secure containers/bags o Add sand to inventory of hazardous waste LDCs should arrange for regular transfer of empty containers to its nearest storage depot ( ‫مخزن‬ ‫ )الراكد‬for temporary storage until collected by licensed hazardous waste handlers for disposal to the hazardous waste facility in Alexandria. Licensed waste handlers should produce official chain-of- custody documents to the LDC proving that the empty containers have been delivered to the certified facility. LDCs should verify and keep these records with their Environmental Register. Trained HSE technicians should accompany drivers transporting the odorant barrels/tanks whether full or empty and treated. Page 78 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.5.6 Management of PRS noise It is not expected that noise levels caused by the reducers will affect areas outside the PRS fences if the reducers are located in the middle of the location (at least 20 meters away from all fences). Therefore the following mitigation measures are recommended: 1. Location of reducers should be at least 20 meters away from the PRS fences. 2. The reducers should be either in a well-ventilated closed area, or in a protected open area according to IGEM standards. If the reducers are in an open area there should be wall barriers to dissipate the noise from the PRS staff offices and the neighboring areas. LDCs are currently undertaking periodical monitoring of noise levels at each existing PRS bi- annually. It is expected that the noise monitoring of the new PRSs will take the same pattern. For PRSs in residential areas, it is recommended to increase noise monitoring at different locations especially at the southern border on a monthly basis, along with recording complaints from neighboring sites. 7.5.7 Management of PRS Safety Aspects 1. Remote actuation of isolation and slam-shut valves by LDCs 2. Hazardous Area Classification drawings for all Pressure Reduction Stations. 3. Planned preventive maintenance policy should be in place for the new PRS. Also there is a need to produce a 'Station Manual' for the PRS, this manual should include formalized procedures, including precautions and a site scenario specific emergency plan, which should take wind direction, stability and interfaces with others, e.g. GASCO as well as the public living nearby, into account. 4. Control room inlet door should be located in the upwind direction away from the station (Inlet door should not face the PRS station). Alternatively, the control room should be provided by a secondary means of escape at the back side of the room, which shall be used in case of blockage of the main escape route by jet. 5. Self-contained breathing apparatus (2 units at least) to be provided at each PRS for handling odorant releases. 6. Jet fire rated passive fire protection system to be applied to all safety critical shutdown valves ESDVs or Solenoid valves in order to maintain small isolatable inventories. (As applicable) 7. Pipeline marking signs should be added indicating in Arabic and in English "Do Not Dig" and "High Pressure Pipeline Underneath" in order to prevent such extreme hazards. 8. Install an elevated wind sock in the PRS site, which can be seen - from distance and from outside the fence - to determine the direction of gas migration in case of major gas leak, in addition to provision of portable gas detectors. 9. The design should fully comply with IGE TD/3 code requirements. A Quantitative Risk Assessment QRA detailing such risks and mitigation measures has been submitted in February 2016. 7.5.8 Management of financial disturbance Residential gas connection installation costs are around 5,600 EGP20. Customers pay 1700 EGP of that cost in cash. The balance is subsidized by the government of Egypt. The 1700 EGP can be 20 Converting Households from LPG to Natural Gas- Social Impact Assessment Study- 2013 Page 79 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 made either upfront or in installments over a period of time. If they pay in installment, the interest rate will added in accordance to the selected installment scheme. Typically, households opt for flexible monthly payment plans facilitated by the LDCs and local banks. Limited number of NGOs also provided financial assistance for installing gas connections for households in very low income neighborhoods. The government of Egypt does not provide additional subsidy to the poorer groups, However, they provide number of payments strategies through offering the various installments schemes21: It is worth mentioning that the Government of Egypt try to negotiate with funding agencies to provide extra support to poor. 21 In case of any change of the value of NG installation those installment might be changed Page 80 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.6 Environmental and Social Management Matrix during OPERATION Table 7-5: Environmental and Social Management Matrix during OPERATION Responsibility Means of Estimated Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision supervision Cost  Detailed review of the geotechnical and geological history of the project area  Development of a full emergency response plan  Random inspections and awareness campaigns to ensure that NG piping and - Map and local components (both inside the geotechnical household and outside) are not report review - Ambient air be altered, violated, or - Site quality - LDC Network intruded upon in any way inspections - Community LDC - LDC HSE. management integrity without written approval from, - Awareness health and costs or implementation of the actions safety alteration by, the LDC. - Periodical  Availability of 24-7 hotline trainings and service (129) to all drills beneficiaries and the public for reporting possible leaks, damages or emergencies  Quick response to gas leaks by evacuation of the affected area  Repair or replacement of failed component - Ambient air Repairs and - As with construction phase  LDC - LDC HSE - As relevant - LDC quality maintenance activities  Excavation from management - Community (network and Contractor construction costs Page 81 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of Estimated Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision supervision Cost health and households) phase safety - Strict use of chemical-resistant suits and PPE when handling odorant barrels, tanks, or spills - Evacuation of odorant from barrels into holding tank with utmost care and full PPE - Covering possible odorant spills immediately with sand and treatment with sodium hypochlorite as per EGAS and LDC practices - Ambient air - On-site treatment of empty quality containers with sodium - Occupational Management hypochlorite and detergent as Quarterly Cost to be health and of odorant Per EGAS and LDC practice PRS staff LDC HSE auditing for included in PRS safety and its - Ship empty containers to a each PRS running budget: - Community containers certified hazardous waste health and facility via company depot using safety certified handling and transportation contractors - Ensure full and empty (treated) odorant containers are accompanied by a trained HSE specialist during transportation to and from the depot and to/from the hazardous waste disposal facility (UNICO and/or Nasreya) - Others measures as per QRA Page 82 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of Estimated Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision supervision Cost - Ambient Noise of PRS - Locate noisy pressure reducers LDC Design LDC HSE Review of PRS LDC noise operation away from PRS borders in Department layout management - Occupational residential areas costs health and - Others measures as per QRA safety - Build barrier walls between Contractor LDC HSE Field Contractor costs - Community reducers and sensitive receptors supervision of health and when needed PRS safety construction - Ambient air quality - Occupational - Mitigations based on QRA LDC health and Leakage and Quantitative Risk Assessments Independent LDC HSE Document management safety fire (submitted to WB in consultant review costs & PRS cost - Community February2016) health and safety - Remote actuation of isolation Designer LDC Project PRS design Additional and slam-shut valves by LDC Dept. Document budget not for PRS and pipelines. Review required - Ambient air - Produce Hazardous Area Designer - Eng. / Elect. Drawing and Additional quality Classification drawings Dept. design budget not - Occupational Projects Dept. Document required Potential risks - Control room exit design Review health and due to PRS contractor + Engineering Policy and Included in PRS safety - Preventive maintenance policy Operation LDC Dept. manual review cost - Community and station manual health and - Provision of self-contained LDC HSE Dept. Inspection by Included in PRS safety breathing apparatus (2 pieces for operators cost each station) for handling odorant leaks - Apply jet fire rated passive fire Designer LDC Projects Component Included in PRS Page 83 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of Estimated Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision supervision Cost protection system to all critical Dept. inspection and cost safety shutdown valves ESDVs design or Solenoid valves (As document applicable) review - Place signs in Arabic and LDC Engineering Signage Additional English "Do Not Dig" and Dept. inspection and budget not "High Pressure Pipeline site visits required Underneath" - Install an elevated wind sock LDC HSE Dept. Design and Included in PRS and provision of portable gas implementation cost detectors review - The design should fully comply Designer Project Dept. Design LDC with IGE TD/3 code document management requirements review costs - Any other measures as per QRA LDC EGAS As per QRA As per QRA - Petro Trade should collect the installment immediately after the Petro trade Banks loans log Financial installation of NG (Company Complaints Economically burden on - The installments should be responsible for raised by poor disadvantaged economically collected on monthly basis in collecting the EGAS people due to No cost Community disadvantaged order not to add burden to the consumption fees the frequency of members due to the poor, as it will be easier for and the collecting the installments them to pay on monthly basis installments installments - The installment should not be high - LPG distributors should be Information Loss of Informal informed about the NG sharing activities revenue for LPG potential areas in order to Butagasco EGAS with the LPG No cost LPG distributors enable them to find alternative vendors distributors areas Grievances Page 84 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Responsibility Means of Estimated Receptor Impact Mitigation measures Mitigation Supervision supervision Cost - They should be informed about received from the GRM in order to enable them them to voice any hardship - Information should be provided to people in order to be fully Community aware about safety procedures Complaints Possibility of LDC health and - The hotline should be operating LDC raised due to No cost Gas leakage safety appropriately Gas leakage - People should be informed of the Emergency Numbers Page 85 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.7 Environmental and Social Monitoring Matrix during OPERATION Table 7-6: Environmental and Social Monitoring Matrix during OPERATION Impact Monitoring indicators Responsibility Monitoring Location of Methods of Monitoring of monitoring Frequency monitoring monitoring Estimated Cost Network - Earthquakes or geotechnical LDC HSE Bi-annual Along the - Inspection, LDC integrity settlements inspections network and leakage management - Emergency response time and and annual inside and detection, costs corrective actions during emergency emergency outside running the drills response households drills - Reports of alteration or tampering drills with ANY gas components Improper - Log of spillage incidents LDC HSE Quarterly for PRSs - Compare LDC management - Number of treated containers each PRS Environmental management of odorant - Odorant delivery forms Register with costs during odorant operation delivery forms, observation of site Noise of PRS - Noise intensity LDC HSE Quarterly for PRSs - Noise meter LDC operation each PRS management costs Financial - Number of economically LDC and Petro Quarterly Desk work - Complaints log No cost burden on disadvantaged people who Trade, EGAS - Bank reports economically complained - Petro trade disadvantaged - Number of those who can't pay the reports due to the installment installments Impact on the - Grievance received from the EGAS, LDC Quarterly Desk work - Complaints log No cost informal informal LPG distributors LPG - Information shared with them distributors Possibility of - Complaints raised by the local LDC, EGAS Four times per Site and Desk Complaints log No cost Gas leakage community year, each three work LDC - Number of leakage accidents months reported/raised Page 86 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.8 Reporting of Mitigation and Monitoring Activities LDC HSE Departments are to prepare monthly and quarterly reports to be submitted to EGAS Environment Department during the construction phase. During construction phase monthly reports should include as a minimum:  Conditional permits and any comments or recommendations by Traffic Department and Supreme Council for Antiquities  Number and date of paint cans shipped to company depot or returned to supplier  Evaluation of LDC and contractor's performance on applying his relevant mitigation measures  Any accidents or breaking of utility pipes  Monitoring results of excavation machinery exhaust emission, noise and vibrations  The number of complaints received and how they were dealt with  Communication and information sharing activities done by the LDC on the field During Operation phase monthly reports should include as a minimum:  Undertaken treatment and temporary storage and/or disposal activities of empty odorant containers in PRSs  Monitoring results of PRSs noise  Evaluation of the adherence of staff to safety measures  Pipeline leakage or damage incidents  The number of complaints received and how they were dealt with Page 87 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.9 Institutional Framework for ESM&MP Implementation 7.9.1 Environmental Management Structures EGAS is the supervisory body. Egypt Gas is the implementing body. Below is the management structure of Egypt Gas. Being the implementing body of the natural gas network in project areas, Egypt Gas has a direct involvement with the environmental management and monitoring of the natural gas network. Egypt Gas has limited environmental and social background. They will be in need to upgrade their capacity regarding the environmental and social aspects. EGAS will provide Egypt Gas staff with the needed information. One of the standard tasks of the HSE Departments of Egypt Gas, supervised by EGAS, is to ensure that the Environmental and Social Management Plan of the project is implemented in all the phases of the Project. Social Environmental H&S Manager @ Development Manager @ Egypt Egypt Gas head Officer @ Egypt Gas head office office Gas head office Environmental Social officer 1 @ Social officer 2 @ H&S officer 1 @ H&S officer 2 @ officer @ Egypt Egypt Gas Egypt Gas Egypt Gas Egypt Gas Gas Qalyubeya Qalyubeya level Qalyubeya level Qalyubeya Level Qalyubeya Level level Designated site Designated site Designated site Designated site Designated site engineer/foreman engineer/foreman engineer/foreman engineer/foreman engineer/foreman @ each work @ each work @ each work @ each work @ each work location location location location location Figure 7-2: Egypt Gas ESMP organogram Page 88 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 7.9.2 Roles and responsibilities of EGAS and LDCs Environmental and H&S Officers In the structure above, designated site engineers/foremen perform daily implementation, monitoring and reporting of activities as per the ESMP with special attention to: 1. Worker and contractor compliance to EGAS HSE manuals and procedures 2. Occurrence of HSE incidents and suggestions for incident avoidance 3. Management of broken asphalt (if any), unused backfill, solid waste, metal scrap 4. Management of paint cans, refueling & lubrication, soil contamination 5. Management of liquid waste such as leaked condensate hydrocarbons (if any) or chemicals used in heaters; and 6. Checking that handling of hazardous waste is done according to the requirements of the Environmental Law, where a permit for handling hazardous material and Hazardous wastes is issued from EGAS Environment Department 7. Using analyzers to measure noise, SO2, CO, CH4 and NO2 in ambient air, and detect possible natural gas leaks 8. Other tasks as outlined in ESM&MP Daily reports are to be compiled and sent to the governorate H&S and Environmental officers for preparation of monthly summary reports. Monthly reports are sent to H&S and Environmental officer at Egypt Gas head office for compilation into quarterly reports to EGAS. 7.9.3 Roles and responsibilities of EGAS and LDCs Social Development Officers EGAS, its subsidiary Local Distribution Companies (LDCs), and the contractors will be responsible for adopting the following procedures: 7.9.3.1 Compliance with Bank safeguards • Preparing internal guidelines for the preparation, implementation, monitoring and reporting of social documents required by various safeguard instruments; • Reviewing, as applicable, ESMP and other social safeguard documents prepared by consultants to ensure compliance with relevant safeguard policies of the government and the World Bank; • Providing recommendations to EGAS/LDC management and other subsidiary companies accordingly and make necessary changes prior to submission of relevant social documents to the World Bank – ensure consistency in the level of proficiency and presentation of the documentation; • Carrying out documentation review pertaining to social compliance (including bidding documents, reviews on-site, reports from contractors etc.) throughout project implementation; • Coordinating and facilitating the work of consultants engaged to carry out environmental and social impact assessments and resettlement planning and external monitoring of safeguard instruments implementation; Page 89 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 • Organizing the technical aspects of workshops and meetings as required, as outlined in the ESMF/RPF training and capacity building section; • Preparing training materials, and conducting technical training workshops to EGAS/LDC staff and project implementation agencies on social safeguards requirements. 7.9.3.2 Monitoring and reporting • Conducting internal monitoring of the implementation of the social component of the ESMP in matters pertaining to timely payments and the provision of temporary measures to affected persons; • Contributing to project progress reports pertaining to overall implementation of social requirements of the project; 7.9.3.3 Communication with and responsiveness to targeted communities • Design community friendly grievance redress mechanism with clear and timely bound tiers and responsibilities and ensure dissemination on the local level. • Conducting field visits to ensure that the established grievance redress mechanisms are functioning properly and that the individual projects are implemented in a socially sustainable manner; • Participate in the process of disbursing compensations and keep track record of the compensation process documentation • Reach out to local communities, including PAPs, to raise awareness about the project and the implementation schedule. • Build the capacity and provide support to the field staff as needed. 7.9.4 Required Actions Existing Environmental and social guidelines & practices of EGAS and its LDCs are following sound environmental procedures in the operation phase. EGAS is also working to institutionalize the social management in their practices and day to day business. A ministerial decree was issued in November 2015 with the effect of establishing a social unit to affiliate to the Environmental Management Unit. The social unit currently has 3 staff mapped officially to the unit (although support is also provided by other team members). EGAS assigned team is benefiting from number of capacity building activities to enable them to carry out their social management mandates in an efficient manner. 1- Deeper involvement of environmental and social officers during the design, costing, tendering, and construction phases would be advantageous. 2- Specifically, Egypt Gas should take steps to develop capacity of site engineers/foremen and HSE officers with specific courses focused on implementation of the ESMP detailed in this ESIA as well as Egypt Gas detailed HSE guidelines (Latest version: 2015). Page 90 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 8. Stakeholder Engagement and Public Consultation The public consultation chapter aims to highlight the key consultation and community engagement activities that took place as part of the preparation of the ESIAs and their outcomes. The consultation activities used multiple tools and mechanisms (scoping, interviews, focus group discussions, public hearings/consultations) with various stakeholders and community people in the host communities. Consultation activities were held for the proposed 1.5 million household NG connections project in compliance with: - WB policies and directives related to disclosure and public consultation, namely, o Directive and Procedure on Access to Information o World Bank Operational Policy (OP 4.01) - Egyptian regulations related to the public consultation o Environmental law No 4/1994 modified by Law 9/2009 modified with ministerial decrees no. 1095/2011 and no. 710/2012 Objectives of various consultation activities are summarized as follows: 1- Define potential project stakeholders and suggest their possible project roles 2- Disseminate comprehensive information about the project to enable stakeholders to identify their concerns, needs, and recommendations. 3- Document stakeholder feedback on the defined impacts as well as the social and environmental management plan and enhance the ESIA accordingly 4- Identify the most effective outreach channels that support continuous dialogue with the community 5- Discuss potential resettlement plans and impacts of involuntary resettlement (in the places where this is applicable). 8.1 Defining the stakeholder In order to ensure an inclusive and meaningful consultation process, a stakeholder analysis was conducted to get better understanding of the various groups and their roles, interests and influence on the project. For the purpose of this site specific ESIA, a focused stakeholders’ identification was conducted to identify the key groups of relevance to the project in this specific location. Local communities of both men and women of projects beneficiaries as well as the PAPs, local NGOs/CDAs were among the key stakeholders on the local level. The abovementioned stakeholders were consulted using various tools (i.e. individual interviews, structured questionnaire, group meetings and public consultation). Most of stakeholders have attended the public consultation hearings conducted during December 2013 in the Qalyubeya Governorate. Additionally, some of them were interviewed in their premises in order to enable them to spell out their concerns and worries freely. Page 91 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 8.2 Consultation Methodology and Activities The consultation process was a dynamic and evolving process which adapted with the nature and expectations of the host community. Following is a summary of community engagement activities during the preparation of the ESIAF 2013 and the site specific ESIA 2016. Table 8-1: Summary of Consultation Activities in Qalyubeya Governorate participants Number Methods Date During the preparation of framework Males Females October- Potential beneficiaries and 6 8 FGD November government officials 2013 Governmental and NGOs 3 2 In-depth Nov-13 October- Structured Community people 69 206 November questionnaire 2013 21st of Potential beneficiaries, government Public 63 8 December officials, NGO representatives consultation 2013 Total 141 224 During the site specific study Potential beneficiaries and 80 78 FGD government officials September and Governmental and NGOs 12 4 In-depth October 2015 Structured Community people 477 727 questionnaire 10h of Potential beneficiaries, government Public 64 19 February officials, NGO representatives, consultation 2016 Page 92 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 8.3 Final consultation event Consultation activities were conducted in Qalyubeya governorate on the 10th of February 2016.  Three consultants (Petrosafe/EcoConServ environmental and social) attended meeting  Five representatives of EGAS and Egypt Gas  Two representatives of EEAA accompanied the teams  2 administrative managers and numerous drivers  Media related expert was recruited to invite media people The list of invitees was developed by EEAA regional branches, environmental offices of the governorates, NGOs, governmental media centers, and various government employees, in cooperation with the Consultant. Invitees were informed of the date and location of the Public Consultation at least two weeks ahead. An executive summary was shared with them. Participants were invited through: 1- Invitations sent by EGAS via mails, Faxes and e-mails. 2- Telephone communication by EGAS and the Consultant. 3- An advertisement was published in Gomhoryia Newspaper. 4- A community mobilizer was recruited to distribute invitations in all project sites 5- Microbuses were provided to transport community people from other areas in Qalyubeya. Consultation was held in public library hall that can host more than 200 people. The venue was close to the governorate building. That means most of community people are aware about the venue and know precisely how to get there. Page 93 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 8-1: Advertisement published in El Gomhoria newspaper 8.3.1.1 Participants profile The event was conducted on the 10th of February 2016 - 83 persons attended the consultation event: 64 males and 19 females - 32.5% were affiliated various local governmental units within the Markazs that will host the project. - 20.5% of them were affiliated to environmental sector. - 12.0% of participants were affiliated to civil society and 9.8% represented the universities. About 20% of participants work in the project areas. However, they live in areas that will not be served by the project. Such fact influenced the discussion.5 people working in EGAS and Egypt Gas attended the session. They provide detailed and clear information about the NG and its associated activities. Page 94 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 35.00% 32.80% 32.50% Main Governorate related entities 31.60% Other governmental entities 30.00% Environmental sector 25.00% Civil society 20.30% 21.10% 21.10% 20.50% 20.00% Educational sector Community people 15.00% 12.00% 10.50% Gas and oil companies 9.40% 9.40% 9.60% 10.00% Experts Army and police force 5.00% health sector 0.00% Water and wastewater sector Male Female Total Figure 8-2: % Distribution of participants by sector and sex With regards to the occupational status: - 8.2% of the participants were specialists (engineers, doctors, accountants, lawyers…etc) - 20.0% were senior managers. Head of Shebein El Qanater local unit attended the consultation event. - 27.0% administrative employees. 57.90% 60.00% 48.20% 50.00% 45.30% Legislators and high managerial 40.00% Specialists 29.70% 27.70% Administrative 30.00% 20.30% 21.10% 21.10% 20.50% Services and sales laboreros 20.00% unemployed/housewives/student Police and army force 10.00% 0.00% Male Female Total Figure 8-3: % Distribution of participants by occupation and sex Page 95 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 8.3.1.2 Summary of discussions  Mr. Taha Roshdy the head of Shebein El Qanater municipality in Qalyubeya Governorate commenced the consultation event by brief discussion about the NG and the benefits of it.  Eng. Yosra Asker, the representative of EGAS, made a brief presentation about the NG using power point. She managed to simplify the process. By the end of discussion, the participants were fully aware about the NG installation process and the project. Figure 8-4: The panel  Using PowerPoint and multimedia, EcoConServ experts presented the ESIA to the community people. Simple wording was used whenever possible by the environmental and social expert in order to be comprehended by the members of community. Thereafter, an open discussion took place for couples of hours. There was an active participation from the participants side and they were more than willing to play a role in informing people about the NG. Page 96 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Figure 8-5: EGAS representative Figure 8-6: Female participation Figure 8-7: Community people Figure 8-8: Participants Afterwards the participants were keen to ask various questions related to the project. following is the main issues raised : Table 8-2: Key comments and concerns raised during the Final Public Consultations Subject Questions and comments Responses Installation What the exact installation action There is a clear action plan that action plan plan? was developed by EGAS and Egypt Gas. The action plan will be made available in the LGU prior to the construction phase Areas that have There are many areas that were There are certain specifications to not been not selected for NG connections. install the NG to any area. In case connected to the Will they be left behind? (This the area is suitable, the Government NG question was raised by all of Egypt try to allocate financial participants resources to install the NG. Given the limited resources, the installation plan to new areas might take some time Page 97 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Subject Questions and comments Responses Narrow streets Many areas in Qalyubeya According to the technical problems Governorate have narrow streets. specification, certain street width is Will they be able to connect to required in order to be able to the NG? mitigate any emergency cases Coordination It is highly recommended to All LDCs coordinate with the Local with the Local coordinate with information Units, not only to obtain Units centers within the local units in information but also to be able to order to get information about get permissions for street closures the underground utilities. and crossings. The necessity to Why it is so essential to have Presence of Sewage/sanitation have sanitary sanitary system installed prior to infrastructure prior to installing NG system installed the NG installation? infrastructure is crucial. For safety prior to NG reasons, NG should be the final ground utility installed in any area. Street restoration After the completion of the NG The LDCs disburse the cost of construction, the contractor street restoration to the local unit never have streets rehabilitated and road authority prior to construction phase. The rehabilitation plan is then implemented by the local unit as part of their pavement plan. Regulator related There are regulators installed on Such concern is not viable due to problems the walls of buildings. In case of the coordination between the LDCs paving roads, such regulators and other entities. In case of might be covered. implementing any projects after the installation of NG, all entities should inform the LDCs. They aim at securing the project. In case if any community member noticed such practices it will be essential to inform the LDCs on 129 telephone Role of the What is the role of the NGOs? They may play an active role in the NGOs process of information sharing regarding: 1- The cost of NG connection during the project and during operation 2- The importance to install the gas during the project as subsidy will be available only during the construction phase 3- The safety measures 4- Emergency procedures 5- Hotlines Page 98 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 8.4 Summary of Consultation Outcomes The majority of consulted groups expressed their willingness to install the NG to their areas. Aside from the overwhelming acceptance, few concerns were raised during the consultation process. Traffic congestion and street rehabilitation were the main concerns raised in El Khosous. NG Safety measures were raised as a main concern. Sharing of information in full cooperation with the community stakeholders and NGOs was strongly recommended by most of the consulted groups. Site specific consultation efforts included all concerned stakeholders – be they persons/households affected by the project activities, civil society organizations representing the interest of the community, or regulatory and governmental bodies who will play a role in facilitating or regulating the implementation of site-specific project activities. While WB safeguards and regulations state that a minimum of two large-scale, well- publicized public consultation sessions are a must for projects classified as category ‘A’ projects like the one at hand22, additional consultation activities (for example through focus group discussions, in-depth meetings, and interviews) were implemented to reach the most vulnerable and hard to reach community members. Additionally, in order to obtain larger scale and more quantifiable information, the consultant has conducted surveys in the different project sites. 8.5 SSESIA Disclosure The site specific ESIA after being approved by the World Bank and EEAA, the final report will be disclosed on the WB website, EGAS and Egypt Gas websites. An executive summary in Arabic will be disclosed in EGAS and Egypt Gas websites. A copy of Qalyubeya Site specific reports will be disclosed in EEAA and in the Governorate level 22 Clause 14 of OP 4.01 states that: “For Category A projects, the borrower consults these groups at least twice: (a) shortly after environmental screening and before the terms of reference for the EA are finalized; and (b) once a draft EA report is prepared. In addition, the borrower consults with such groups throughout project implementation as necessary to address EA-related issues that affect them.” Page 99 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Annex 1: Contributors to the ESIA Team Member Role 1. Dr. Tarek Genena Senior ESIA expert and team leader (EcoConServ) 2. Dr. Khaled Gamal Senior ESIA expert and team leader (Petrosafe) 3. Ms. Zainab Hafez Senior SIA expert and project coordinator (EcoConServ) 4. Dr Amr Sobhy Senior EIA specialist (EcoConServ) 5. Eng. Khaled El Sahy Senior ESIA expert (Petrosafe) 6. Eng. Fakhry Abd el Senior EIA specialist (EcoConServ) Khalek 7. Eng. Maysara Shams EIA specialist (EcoConServ) 8. Ms. Dalia Ashour Senior SIA specialist (EcoConServ) 9. Dr Nermin Eltouny Senior EIA specialist (EcoConServ) 10. Mr. Mohamed Hassan Data analyst Expert (EcoConServ) 11. Ms. Shaimaa Mostafa SIA specialist (EcoConServ) 12. Ms. Zeinab Aly Data management manager 13. Mr. Sohy El Grouf Field manager 14. Mr. Sameh Mahrous Senior administrative coordinator (EcoConServ) 15. Mr. Mohamed Abd El Community engagement manager Hady 16. Ms. Hana Mostafa Field supervisor 17. Team of surveyors Acknowledgement The EcoConServ and Petrosafe consultant teams would like to express their deep gratitude to the scores of support staff, drivers, NGOs, collaborators and organizations who logistically supported the completion of this project under tight time limitations. EcoConServ and Petrosafe also acknowledge the invaluable knowledge and support provided by the technical, environmental, and social teams of EGAS and LDCs who accompanied the consultant teams. Page 100 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Annex 2: Procedures for chance finds and ESM&MP for physical cultural resources23 Cultural property include monuments, structures, works of art, or sites of significance points of view, and are defined as sites and structures having archaeological, paleontological, historical, architectural, religious, aesthetic, or other cultural significance. This includes cemeteries, graveyards and graves. Antiquities Law 117/1983: Article 24 states that everyone who finds by chance the part or parts of a fixed monument in its place must promptly inform the nearest administrative authority within forty-eight hours. Prior to the construction phase, the approval shall be obtained from the antiquities department and surveying department Chance Find Procedures 1. Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find; 2. Delineate the discovered site or area; 3. Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be present until the responsible local authorities and Ministry take over; 4. Notify the site manager and HSE supervisor who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the Antiquities Authority immediately (within 24 hours or less); 5. Responsible local authorities and the Antiquities Authority would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures; 6. Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the responsible authorities from the Antiquities Authority; 7. Construction work could resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities and the Antiquities Authority concerning safeguard of the heritage. These procedures must be referred to as standard provisions in construction contracts, where applicable. During project supervision, the site manager and HSE supervisor shall monitor the above regulations relating to the treatment of any chance find encountered are observed. Relevant findings will be recorded in Monitoring Reports and Implementation Completion Reports (ICRs) submitted to the World Bank. 23In the highly unlikely event that such finds are encountered in the project areas which are have been previously excavated for all underground utilities. Page 101 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Table 8-3: Management matrix for cultural sites (if encountered) Estimated Cost Responsibility Mitigation Responsibility Means of of mitigation Impact of direct measures of mitigation supervision / supervision supervision Identify areas of Contactor & LDC HSE Review LDC costs antiquities, Supreme permitting monument repair Council for procedures zones Antiquities and and ensure Local Council review of Council Supervise intensity Expert from LDC HSE Review field Indicative cost to and locations of Supreme reports + be revised and construction Council of field included in activities Antiquities supervision contractor bid $715 / site for supervision and measurement of vibration for locations identified as “monument- critical” LDC costs Control dewatering Contractor Supreme Field Indicative cost to Effects on process Council Expert supervision be revised and cultural + LDC HSE included in sites contractor bid $2,850 /site LDC costs Reduce vibrations Contractor Supreme Contractual Indicative cost to council Expert clauses + be revised and + LDC HSE Field included in supervision contractor bid $2,150/site LDC costs Preserve Contractor LDC HSE Field Contractor costs architecturally supervision (included in bid valuable sites price) + LDC costs Preserve any found Contractor + LDC HSE Field Contractor costs antiquity LDC HSE inspection (included in bid supervisor throughout price) + works and LDC costs review field reports Page 102 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Table 8-4: Monitoring matrix for cultural sites (if encountered) Impact Monitoring Responsibility Frequency Location of Methods of Estimated indicators of monitoring of monitoring monitoring Cost of monitoring monitoring Effects on Vibration test LDC HSE During Construction Calibrated ($750/meter monuments results construction site vibration + $160 and near sites test meter maintenance vulnerable identified by and buildings the Council calibration) x 11 vibration meters = $10,000 Investigate LDC HSE + Once Streets and Geophysical Contractor possible buried Supreme before areas survey costs antiquities Council for construction identified by (included in Antiquities if required the Council bid price) by the in areas council designated as antiquities or monument repair zones (to be covered by LDC) Page 103 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Annex 3: Site air measurements Methodology Site selection The selection of the site for the active air measurements is based on the prevailing wind direction, the future layout of the proposed project components. Collection of air measurement Instrumentation for measurements of ambient air pollutants Ambient air concentrations of sulfur dioxide were measured using an SO2 analyzer (Thermo Scientific SO2 Analyzer model 43i-USA) with a detection limit of ≤ 1 ppb and a precision of ≤ 0.5%. Nitrogen oxides were measured using a NOx analyzer (Thermo Scientific NOx Analyzer - Model 42i- USA) with a detection limit of ≤ 0.4 ppb and a precision of ≤ 0.5%. Carbon monoxide concentrations were measured using a CO Analyzer (Thermo Scientific Carbon Monoxide CO Analyzer model 48i-USA) with a detection limit of ≤ 0.04 ppm and a precision of ≤ 0.5%. Particulate matter, PM10, and total suspended particles, T.S.P, were measured using a Sequential Particulate sampler equipped with a Beta Ray Source. The detection limit is ≤ 1.5 µg/ m 3 and the precision is ≤ 0.4 µg/ m3 for 24 hour cycle time at a 2.3 m3/h operating flow rate. Protocols for measurements of ambient air pollutants Concentrations of ambient pollutants were measured according to the standard reference methods presented in the table below. Table 8-5: Standard reference methods followed for the collection of ambient air pollutants Pollutant Standard reference procedure NOx ISO 7996 equivalent to(U.S.A EPA Reference method – RFNA-1289-74) SO2 ISO 10498 equivalent to( U.S.A EPA Reference method – EQSA-0486-60) CO ISO 4224 equivalent to U.S.A EPA Reference method – RFCA-0981-54) PM10 EPA method, Appendix J-Reference method FR T.S.P Page 104 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Annex 4: Impact Assessment The impact of each activity on each receptor was assessed according to magnitude on a scale of -10 to 10, where negative values indicate a negative influence on the receptor, and importance on a scale of 0 to 10, which encompasses the probability of occurrence, frequency of the impact etc. The numbering system is used as a relative measure, where more negative numbers correspond to impacts having a higher negative magnitude. Susceptible receptors and corresponding activity are deduced and addressed if both magnitude and importance are of minor severity. Further, the Buroz Relevant Integrated Criteria and is used to determine the total importance, I, of the impact for each activity on all receptors and of the project overall. On the basis of the value of the importance of impact, I, obtained, the severity of the impact of an activity is assessed. Criterium Definition Scoring Scale Intensity (IN) Degree of destruction of activity on receptor 1 (lowest)-12 (highest) Extension (EX) Theoretical area of influence of the impact 1 (localized) – 8 (widespread) Momentum (MO) Period of time for manifestation of the impact 4 (immediate: <1 year) – 2 (medium: 1-5 years)- 1 (long term: > 5 years) Persistence (PE) Duration of the effect of the impact 1 (fleeting, < 1 year), 2 (temporary, 1-5 years), 4 (permanent, >5 years) Reversibility (RV) Possibility of returning to pre-activity initial conditions 1 (short term, < 1 year)- 2 (medium term, 1-5 years) – 4 ( long by rebuilding or natural means term, > 5 years or irreversible) Recoverability (MC) Possibility of reconstruction with corrective measures 1 -2 (full and immediate recovery)- 4 (partial recovery and medium term)- 8 (unrecoverable) Synergy (SI) Reinforcement ability of manifested effects 1(No synergy of actions on a receptor) -2 (moderate synergism)-4 (high synergy) Accumulation (Ac) Progressive increase of the effect 1 (no cumulative effect)-4(cumulative effect) Effect (EF) Directionality of impact-the cause (action)-effect 4 (direct)- 1 (indirect) (impact) Frequency (PR) Regularity of manifestation of the effect 4 (continuous) – 2 (irregular)-1 (periodic) Importance of Impact (I) I = ± (3×IN + 2×EX + MO+ PE + RV + SI + AC + EF + PR + MC) Page 105 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Project Phases MOBILIZATION PREPARATION CONSTRUCTION OPERATION & MAINTENANCE Traffic due to transport of equipment/machinery pipe laying: low pressure residential connections Excavation low pressure residential connections Reception & storage of equipment and materials Reception equipment & materials (unloading) Leakage (residential)-Appliance conversion Site preparation: Area delination & Fencing Excavation: low pressure (7 bar) depth 1 m ACTIVITIES Temporary infrastructure-workers' site infrastructure & permanent buildings Storage of equipment & materials Pipe laying: HP lines (30-70 bar) Leakage testing: hydrostatic Backfilling and road repair- Pipe laying main PE (7 bar) Leakage testing: pneumatic Transport of machinery Transport of equipment Gas netwrok processing Excavation: HP lines Construction of PRS Water consumption PRS operation-QRA Temporary storage Waste Generation Waste generation Odorant leakage Receptor CATEGORY COMPONENT importance magnitude RECEPTOR Soil degradation -3 -5 -5 -3 -1 -1 -1 -1 5 -1 -5 -3 -1 -5 -29 31 1 5 5 3 1 1 1 1 5 1 5 1 1 1 Soil Potential Soil pollution -1 -1 -5 -3 -3 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -5 -5 -27 19 1 1 5 3 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 Landscape & visual impact -1 -1 -1 -3 -1 -8 -4 -2 -2 -2 -5 2 -10 -36 53 1 1 1 10 1 8 10 5 5 5 5 5 1 Air quality -1 -1 -1 -1 -5 -5 -1 -3 -1 -3 -1 -1 -3 -1 -5 -30 18 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 PHYSICAL Air Air emissions (gases and dust) -1 -1 -1 -1 -8 -8 -2 -6 -2 -6 -2 -5 -10 -8 -4 -4 -67 43 1 1 1 1 5 5 2 6 2 6 2 5 -4 5 1 2 1 3 Potential pollution of ground water sources -10 -10 -10 -30 7 3 3 1 Water 0 0 Superficial water sources consumption -1 -1 -5 -1 -2 -1 -10 -10 -8 -8 -5 -8 -5 -1 -2 -5 -3 -10 -78 52 Noise Background noise levels 1 1 5 1 1 1 10 10 4 5 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 1 UG utilities Integrity of UG facilities -2 -5 -5 -5 -12 9 2 2 5 5 Visual intrusion -1 -1 -2 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -5 -28 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 Occupational Health & Safety for workers -1 -1 -2 -2 -1 -3 -3 -2 -3 -3 -4 -3 -3 -3 -3 -1 -1 -1 -2 -10 -8 -1 -58 42 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 Community Health, Safety & Security -1 -1 -1 -1 -4 -4 -4 -4 -4 -5 -2 4 -1 -10 -6 -3 -8 -51 35 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 4 1 1 1 1 2 Workforce & job opportunities 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 22 43 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 Land acquisition & involuntary resettlement 0 0 Social Local traffic & Accessibility on a main road SOCIO-ECONOMIC Local traffic & Accessibility on urban road -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 10 -7 -5 -5 -5 -5 -9 -82 83 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 10 7 5 5 5 1 1 Local traffic & Accessibilityon local road -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -9 -39 31 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 Physical cultural resources -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -5 5 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 Overconsumption of community resources 0 0 Women & vulnerable groups Infrastructure development 3 3 3 3 Community Development 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 50 50 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Economic Local economy (local supply chain) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 50 50 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Regional economy (supply chain) 3 3 3 3 -12 -12 -1 -18 -11 -12 0 0 5 -1 -57 -53 -21 -39 -24 -41 -1 -3 -5 -11 -13 -19 -12 -67 -21 -19 -12 21 21 9 22 29 22 11 10 6 7 55 54 28 52 32 46 39 14 42 19 24 12 20 14 7 18 8 -43 -19 -299 -119 Magnitude 73 85 437 47 Importance The table below is based on the Buroz’s Relevant Integrated Criteria Page 106 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 PROJECT PHASES MOBILIZATION PREPARATION CONSTRUCTION OPERATION & MAINTENANCE Activities Pipe laying: low pressure- Temporary infrastructure Area delination & fencing Excavation: low pressu(7 Pipe laying: HP lines (30- Excavation: low pressure equipment and materials repair- street restoration Transport of equipment Transport of machinery Storage of equipment & residential connections Receiving equipment & Reception & storage of materials (unloading) Appliance conversion Leakage (residential) Excavation: HP lines PRS operation-QRA- Backfilling and road Construction of PRS Temporary storage Waste Generation Waste generation Waste generation Odorant leakage Leakage testing: Leakage testing: bar) depth 1 m 70 bar) depth Gas network hydrostatic residential pneumatic materials Criteria Type of impact - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Intensity (IN)/12 5 5 1 1 1 2 2 1 8 8 8 8 5 6 2 2 6 2 2 12 12 8 1 8 6 Extension (EX)/8 4 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 5 4 4 1 4 1 Momentum (MO)/4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 Persistence (PE)/5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Reversibility (RV)/4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Sinergy (SI)/4 4 4 1 1 4 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 Acumulation (AC)/4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Effect (EF)/4 4 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 Frequency (PR)/4 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Recoverability (MC)/8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 5 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 40 40 18 19 22 28 25 28 52 52 52 52 43 47 31 28 49 24 24 67 59 47 13 46 34 Importance of impact 32.7 24.4 41.3 44.3 (I) 35.7 Page 107 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Annex 5: Complaint Form Local Distribution Company:------------------------------------------------- English Complaint Form Date:---/----/------ Time: ---:---- Aggrieved person information Name of the customer:------------------------------ ID Number:------------------------------------------ Address:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CRN:----------------------------------------------------- Name of aggrieved person:---------------------------- Relation to the customer:----------------------------- Cell phone:----------------------------------------------- Summary of the complaint: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Name of aggrieved person Signature ------------------------------- ----------------------- Complaint recipient Name of the person received the complaint------------------------------------- Signature:------------ The entity caused the complaint-------------------------------------------------- Zone:------------------ Analysis of complaint reason: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Proposed corrective procedures: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Person responsible of the corrective procedures:------------------ Signature:------------------- Page 108 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 ……………….‫شركة‬ ‫شكوى عميل‬ ………………………: -: ‫الوقت‬ ……………………/…………/……… -: ‫التاريخ‬ ‫بيـــــــــــــانـــــــــــــــــات الشاكى‬ ………………………………………… ‫ …………………………………… رقم قومي‬: ‫اسم العميل‬ …………………………: CRN …………………………………………………… -:‫العنوان‬ …………………………:‫……………… تليفون‬:‫………………………………… صفتة‬:‫اسم مقدم الشكوي‬ : ‫ملخص الشكوى‬ ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ‫مقدم الشكوي‬ : ‫التوقيع‬ ……………………………………………………………:‫االسم‬ ……………………………… ‫بيــــانـــــــــــات متلقي الشكوي‬ ………………………:‫التوقيع‬ …………………………………… : ‫اسم متلقى الشكوى‬ ………………………: ‫………… المنطقة‬..……………… : ‫الجهة المشكوي منها‬ :‫تحليل أسباب الشكوى‬ ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… :‫اإلجراءات التصحيحية‬ ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………… ………………… : ‫ …………………………… التوقيع‬: ‫اسم متخذ االجراء التصحيحي‬ Annex 6: Egypt Gas Health and Safety guidelines This is a comprehensive document in Arabic which covers H&S aspects of nearly all possible project activities with clear instructions, administrative requirements, and illustrations. Attached below is the 3rd version of the guideline. This is currently under review from Egypt Gas prior to official release. Page 109 of 107 Site-specific ESIA NG Connection 1.5 Million HHs-Qalyubeya Governorate/ El Khosous - September 2016 Page 110 of 107