CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH) Annual Performance Monitoring Report For 2014 April 30, 2015 A. KEY MESSAGES Improving nutrition and health is at the center of the CGIAR Strategic Results Framework (SRF). The A4NH results framework contributes to intermediate development outcomes (IDOs) at scale for improving diet quality and reducing exposure to agriculture-associated disease, including food safety risks. Achieving these two nutrition and health IDOs relies on two other IDOs – empowering women and poor communities to make decisions related to agriculture, food, care, and health and enabling nutrition and health through better cross-sectoral policies, programs and investments. At the June 2013 Nutrition for Growth Summit, the CGIAR and national governments, donors, and private sector partners made a number of commitments. In 2014, contributions from A4NH and our partners were central to CGIAR progress towards fulfilling those commitments – in adoption of biofortified crops, in providing evidence on the impacts of integrated agriculture-nutrition programs, and on understanding and evaluating progress of national and sub-national efforts to achieve nutrition and health outcomes from agriculture and other sectors. Partners are critical for A4NH research to contribute to development outcomes. Public and private value chain actors, development program implementers, and policy and investment enablers play critical roles in our impact pathways. Given our focus on nutrition and health outcomes, we have built partnerships that span the agriculture, nutrition, and health communities. The research portfolio remains organized into four research flagships - Value Chains for Enhanced Nutrition, Biofortification, Agriculture-Associated Diseases, and Integrated Programs and Policies – with three clusters of activities under each flagship as described in our approved Extension Proposal. Beyond the broader A4NH results framework and impact pathways, teams of A4NH researchers and partners made progress in 2014 in developing detailed theories of change (ToCs) around major research outputs, many of which will be published in 2015.The process of developing ToCs has clarified assumptions and the available supporting evidence on how agricultural research contributes to diet and health outcomes. We are using these detailed ToCs to refine how A4NH research and activities will lead to nutrition and health outcomes at scale through the delivery of biofortified crops in individual target countries, for improving food safety of animal source foods and vegetables, and in aflatoxin control. Synthesis of two most significant achievements/success stories The growing evidence base and rising momentum for iron beans was a significant 2014 achievement for A4NH. Preliminary results from two efficacy studies conducted by HarvestPlus and its partners demonstrated that consumption of iron beans had a significant impact on micronutrient status and functional indicators of micronutrient status, like physical activity. Preliminary results were presented to the Rwanda Ministry of Health and to researchers attending a symposium at Experimental Biology. To date, nine varieties of beans with up to 94% of the target iron increment have been released in Rwanda. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has ten varieties of iron bean with up to 100% of the target iron increment. By the end of 2014, a cumulative estimated 800,000 households were reached with iron beans in Rwanda and about 350,000 households in eastern DRC. It is estimated that one-third of Rwanda’s 1.9 million households grow and consume iron beans, largely due to an initiative between HarvestPlus and the Rwandan government. Progress on research and delivery of iron beans coincides with the increasing importance of nutrition in Rwandan public policies. Lastly, innovative marketing plans and outreach campaigns were implemented in 2014 to increase consumer awareness as iron beans start to enter urban markets. A music video and outreach tour by Rwanda’s top musicians touted the benefits of growing and consuming iron beans, including live performances to more than 30,000 people alongside exhibitions and sales of iron bean seeds. 1 A second noteworthy achievement was the publication of Food Safety and Informal Markets, a summary of 10 years of research on food safety in informal markets. With 25 case studies of meat, milk, egg, and fish products drawn from eight countries in East, West and Southern Africa, the book offers policy makers and public health experts several examples of challenges and solutions in managing food safety in informal markets. Most meat, milk, eggs, and fish produced in developing countries is sold in informal markets, or markets where actors are not licensed or do not pay tax, like wet markets, milk hawking systems, street food stalls, or backyard poultry systems. Most of these markets lack modern infrastructure and effective health and safety regulation and inspection. The book shows how the participatory food safety risk assessment can help provide a realistic and pragmatic strategy for reducing the risk of foodborne diseases for consumers while ensuring market access for poor producers. Evidence also highlighted the gendered aspects of food safety risks and control options. Another key message from the book is that effective food safety management in low-income contexts must start with making the distinction between the potential food-borne hazards, such as bacteria, chemical and toxins, and the actual health risks they pose to consumers. This book was published as part of the BMZ-GIZ funded project, Safe Food, Fair Food. Overall financial summary Given that the 2012-2014 PIA would be wrapped up by the end of 2014, we planned to expend all the expected revenues, including the 2013 carryover, early in 2014. We mainly continued with strengthening the new initiatives from 2013. Unfortunately, there was a 10% budget cut in late 2014, and by then most of the revenues were expended or entered into commitments to be carried forward to 2015. We continued as planned with no cuts to the 2014 budget to centers. This had an impact on the 2015 budget allocation. In 2014, similar to prior years, A4NH had a large proportion of Window 3/bilateral grants. With the constraints of Window 1/Window 2 (W1/W2) grants, A4NH research continues to depend on W3/bilateral grants. It will be a challenge to establish and grow new areas of research and the necessary partnerships. Cumulative - Planned vs Actual Planned Actual Cumulative 2012 - 2014 Cumulative, Financial Actual expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Variance (PIA Summary (in US millions) (PIA/Consortium Cumulative 2014 2014 or POWB) financial Plans) Total Expenditure $191.40 $ 182.53 $ 74.00 $ 91.84 -5% Window 1($10.4m income) $93.6 (PIA) $43.6 (PIA) $ 61.3 $ 26.7 Window 2 ($52.4m income) $61.3 $24 -33% $96.7 (PIA) $25.3 (PIA) Window 3/Bilateral $ 121.3 $ 65.2 $121.3 $50 +25% Gender Research Expenditure (estimated)* $ 12.5 *Estimated expenditure- Gender research expenditure is integrated within the flagships B. IMPACT PATHWAY AND INTERMEDIATE DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES (IDOS) In 2014, A4NH made progress in developing four ToCs that lay out the logical links between research outputs and IDOs and synthesize the available evidence about whether the links are likely to occur. We are developing ToCs around major research outputs, rather than by flagship or cluster of activity. ToCs are being used to assess the overall logic and plausibility of development-oriented research and identify gaps where further work is needed. Together with results from ex ante impact assessment and other analyses and consultations, ToCs are helping to guide research planning and the design of interventions. 2 Further progress was made on defining IDOs and related indicators. During 2014, A4NH remained active in the CGIAR IDO working group to identify common IDOs and to harmonize IDO definition and indicator selection among CRPs with IDOs on nutrition and gender. We provided substantial inputs into the process of developing the new CGIAR SRF. Once the SRF is finalized in 2015, the results of our ongoing work to use available secondary data, primarily from household consumption and expenditures surveys (HCES), to construct indicators of diet quality at national and sub-national levels should be useful for establishing baselines and as an input into the planned country consultations. A4NH had important outputs this year related to identifying and validating nutrition-related indicators. A4NH researchers contributed evidence and support that led to consensus for a dichotomous indicator to measure women’s dietary diversity, the Minimum Dietary Diversity - Women (MDD-W). Since then, the MDD-W has been featured in high-level discussions laying out desirable indicators for the post-2015 development agenda and goals. The focus on the first 1,000 days has been high on the nutrition and health development agenda as one strategy to reduce the global burden of stunting. An article in the Journal of Nutrition showed that the use of height-for-age Z-scores has led to a misconception that the process of growth faltering is generally over by the time children reach two years of age (i.e. the first 1,000 days). Using a new metric, the absolute “height-for-age difference,” 1 the authors found a steady increase in children’s height deficit from birth all the way through age five, with no plateauing after 1,000 days as previously thought. These findings do not challenge the global consensus that the first 1,000 days is the most critical period for intervening in nutrition, but expands the window of opportunity for maternal and child interventions aimed at improving nutrition. C. PROGRESS ALONG THE IMPACT PATHWAY C.1 Progress towards outputs A4NH researchers generated a number of high-quality research outputs this year, including 15 products, 22 tools, and 137 articles in ISI journals. Major achievements are described in this next section by clusters of activity, starting with clusters where we have the most advanced ToC. Delivery and nutritional efficacy of biofortified varieties. One of the major pathways through which A4NH will contribute to development outcomes is through delivery at scale of biofortified crop varieties. Many varieties have already been released (see Section C.2) and others are in the final stages of development. During 2014 in India, both zinc wheat and iron pearl millet hybrids were commercialized for test marketing. With partners, HarvestPlus is experimenting with innovative marketing strategies to increase uptake and adoption of iron beans, including music videos in Rwanda and films in Nigeria. The evidence base on the nutritional efficacy of biofortified crops, which supports a critical link in the pathway from consumption of biofortified foods to better nutritional status, was substantially strengthened. As previously mentioned, two nutritional efficacy studies for iron beans were completed in 2014. In Rwanda, iron-depleted university-age women showed a significant increase in hemoglobin and total body iron after consuming biofortified beans for 4.5 months. Results of a vitamin A maize efficacy trial in Zambia with 5–7-year-old children showed that, after three months, the total body stores of vitamin A in the children who were in the orange maize group increased significantly compared with those in the control group. Preliminary findings from efficacy trials presented at a symposium held at Experimental Biology suggested that vitamin A maize, iron beans, and iron pearl millet have 1 The “height-for-age difference” (HAD) is the simple difference in centimeters between the actual height of the child and how tall the child should be according to the height standard. 3 demonstrated impact on micronutrient status and functional indicators of micronutrient status. Beyond the delivery and nutritional efficacy work in HarvestPlus priority countries, research is also ongoing on micronutrient-enhanced potato and sweet potato. Manuals on lab procedures for mineral analysis have been refined and used with the Rwanda Agricultural Board through the CIP-led Nutritional Quality Assurance and Enhancement Network (NQAEN). Food safety of perishable products. A4NH scientists generated a number of tools and products focused on supporting the supply and demand of nutrient-dense and safe foods. Of particular importance in terms of strengthening the evidence base around participatory risk-based approaches to managing food safety in informal markets was the publication of Food Safety and Informal Markets, which we described in Section A. Other food safety research conducted by ILRI and IFPRI in India was published in 2014 describing the positive economic impact of training and certification programs for milk traders in Assam, the role of credible certification on consumers’ willingness-to-pay for safe food in a controlled market experiment on grapes in Mumbai, and a risk-based assessment of the pork production chain, from live animal to consumer, in Nagaland, which reported several important food-borne hazards in the region for the first time. In addition, results characterizing health hazards and possible control options for goat meat and ready-to-eat chicken in South Africa are now available. Food safety related to aflatoxin risks. More evidence was published in 2014 by A4NH-affiliated scientists from ICRISAT, IFPRI, IITA, and ILRI on the drivers and scale of aflatoxin contamination in maize, groundnut, and cassava; human exposure to aflatoxin in the Gambia, India, Kenya, and Nigeria; and the effectiveness of different pre- and post-harvest control methods. Findings from a framed field experiment in western Kenya found that farmers valued maize they had grown themselves 20% higher than purchased maize. If information on taste and food safety was available, the gap could be reduced by about half. The findings support other studies that suggest consumers in developing countries care about food safety and would change their behavior based on credible information. The first report of a field evaluation of an endemic atoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus mixture, a form of biocontrol, found that the blended product was effective in reducing aflatoxin contamination during maize development in Nigeria. Significant progress was made in 2014 in making biocontrol available to farmers in Africa. The National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) granted full registration status of the Aflasafe™ biocontrol product for Nigeria, paving the way for commercialization. In its first full year of production, an Aflasafe™ manufacturing and demonstration plant in Nigeria has become crucial for meeting Aflasafe™ demands in the continent. The plant manufactured and supplied 218 tons of country- specific Aflasafe™ products to eight countries in Eastern, Southern and Western Africa. Interest from the private sector in being involved in the commercialization of Aflasafe™ is growing: implementers of the AgResults initiative purchased Aflasafe™ from this plant in 2014. In Kenya, ground was broken in November 2014 for the construction of a modular manufacturing plant, designed by IITA and USDA-ARS, at one of the Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO)’s research stations. Evaluating and strengthening nutrition-sensitive agriculture and development programs. The primary objective of our work on integrated programs is generating evidence on the effectiveness of alternative program models to deliver nutrition and health outcomes. Last year, two evaluations of nutrition-sensitive development programs - Alive and Thrive (A&T) in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Vietnam and Preventing Malnutrition in Children under Two Years of Age (PM2A) in Burundi and Guatemala - were completed. In A&T, impacts were documented on health and nutrition behaviors, in particular. The 4 evaluation of two nutrition-sensitive agriculture programs - Helen Keller International’s (HKI) Enhanced- Homestead Food Production Programs (E-HFP) in Burkina Faso and the process evaluation round of Concern Worldwide’s Realigning Agriculture for Improve Nutrition (RAIN) - were also completed. In the case of HKI, the findings showed positive impacts of the E-HFP program on women’s empowerment, prevalence of thinness, and children’s hemoglobin, prevalence of anemia, wasting and diarrhea as well as on a number of positive impacts of the program along the hypothesized program impact pathways. Two other projects wrapped up activities in 2014. A series of briefs from the IITA-led project Making Agricultural Innovations Work for Smallholder Farmers Affected by HIV and AIDS in Southern Africa (MIRACLE) targeted local level stakeholders in designing and implementing similar research and development programs. The longitudinal cohort study of vitamin A status among mothers and children participating in the CIP-led Mama SASHA project also ended in 2014. Understanding, supporting, and evaluating cross-sectoral policy processes. Significant products and tools developed in 2014 were designed to improve the understanding of policy processes and support an enabling environment for agriculture, nutrition, and health at national, regional, and global levels. A bibliography and toolkit on guidelines and lessons on how research can engage in and influence outcomes of cross-sector policy processes, from the 2013 A4NH-PIM workshop were made available online in 2014. A4NH-affiliated researchers contributed to the 2013 Hunger and Nutrition Commitment Index (HANCI) Report, which ranks governments on their political commitment to tackling hunger and undernutrition. With the launch of an interactive biofortification priority index, interested national governments and partners will be able to identify the “highest opportunity” countries for expanding biofortification. A4NH involvement in national and global initiatives provided opportunities to raise awareness and understanding about particular issues and policy options that can improve human health and nutrition. In Kenya, the national project coordinator for the Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition (BFN) project, coordinated by Bioversity, was invited to represent BFN on the Nutrition Interagency Coordinating Committee (NICC) of the Scaling up Nutrition (SUN) movement. This connection complements other country-level partnerships and activities to develop biodiversity conservation policies and promote best practices. The BFN team in Brazil has made progress with the National Fund for Education Development (FNDE) and the School Feeding Programme (PNAE) to develop activities linked to policy reforms and the mainstreaming of agrobiodiversity into relevant policies and practices. Enhancing value chains at local and global levels. A4NH researchers working on the new cluster of activities currently known as nutrition-sensitive landscapes developed and introduced their research approach to partners interested in understanding how to better integrate health and nutrition into existing ecological systems research. Five papers from the team were accepted for the International Conference on Integrated Systems. Following a March 2014 workshop on value chains for nutrition, a preliminary framework was prepared with inputs from researchers from several A4NH-participating Centers and partners. The framework is designed to support the identification, design and evaluation of value chain for nutrition interventions. The framework will be tested with the World Food Program (WFP) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) in 2015, particularly to identify potential entry points for gender-sensitive interventions in value chains for nutritious foods. The concept of “convergent innovation for food systems,” the integration of multi-sector innovations to achieve both economic growth and human development, was promoted with partners from academia and the private sector through a series of workshops in Canada and India and via two journal articles. A4NH researchers from Bioversity provided technical inputs into the identification of a shortlist of 15 5 indicators for sustainable diets and food systems. Results on the cost-efficiency of models, such as homegrown school feeding programs, which included a framework that is being applied in Mali and Ghana, were published. Scientists from ICRAF developed and disseminated ‘seeds of nutrition’ kits to female farmers in Kenya participating in training sessions on fruit processing. The kits contained seeds of important fruit trees for planning and information about the value of the respective fruit species for nutrition and health. A4NH experts in collaboration with experts from Humid Tropics published a new set of maps on global livestock distribution. One unique feature of the maps is that they can be easily updated as new data become available via a dedicated geo-wiki. The maps include a level of species detail that is important for epidemiological investigations and improves the ability of researchers to study zoonotic disease risk and estimate the impacts of diseases. The authors note that poultry distributions have already been used in avian influenza risk assessments in Asia. C.2 Progress towards the achievement of research outcomes and IDOs A4NH is committed to not only generating relevant research, but also applying the knowledge with our partners to practical situations that can improve diet quality, health, empowerment of women and poor communities, and create a more enabling environment for nutrition and health. A4NH is tracking our progress by focusing on the recognition and use of research knowledge by our partners, extension of technology/materials, and support to decision makers to create a more enabling environment for nutrition and health. Support for more enabling environments for nutrition and health. Activities within A4NH are increasingly focused on raising awareness about the evidence-based options policy makers and other enablers have for scaling up nutrition and health. The 2nd Global Conference on Biofortification, hosted by the Government of the Republic of Rwanda and organized by HarvestPlus, was an interactive consultation on how to use biofortified crops to address hunger and malnutrition. Key outcomes were the Kigali Declaration on Biofortified Nutritious Foods, which identifies pressing challenges in access to more nutrition foods and proposes how policies, programs, and markets can address these challenges to support and sustain delivery at scale, and commitments from the WFP to incorporate biofortified crops into its nutrition policy and Purchase for Progress initative and from CGIAR to mainstream breeding for mineral and vitamin traits into conventional food crop development programs. Momentum for biofortification is building. Statements by national policymakers at the 2nd International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2) of their support for biofortified crops and inclusion of these crops in national practices and strategies came from representatives of target countries (Uganda, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and Pakistan) and but also from others, like Malawi. There has also been progress toward recognition of biofortification by Codex Alimentarius, a collection of internationally recognized standards on foods, food production, and food safety. Delegates to the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods of Special Dietary Use agreed to refer a discussion paper and project document on biofortification to the Executive Committee of Codex for evaluation. Furthermore, members of the Codex Coordinating Committee for Africa (CCAfrica) consisting of 53 Member Governments have now officially recognized/endorsed biofortification as one nutritional intervention to address hidden hunger. The publication and launch of the first ever Global Nutrition Report and associated products highlighted the data gaps necessary to monitor progress in reducing malnutrition. The nutrition country profiles, country datasets, and the events, which use the report as starting point for conversations that highlight country-specific nutrition issues and reflect on ways to strengthen accountability, was already evident in 2014. With endorsements from a wide-range of partners of the key messages in the report, this 6 initiative has already proven to be a powerful tool for improving global, regional, and country-level policies, programs and investments for nutrition. In 2014, A4NH had many opportunities to synthesize and present evidence to decisionmakers in South Asia, in particular. The Together for Nutrition conference in India brought together evidence that can inform and support current policy and program initiatives for nutrition that require multi-sectoral action. More than 150 decisionmakers representing 14 states, including representatives from more than 20 INGOs and NGOs, attended the conference, coordinated by the Transform Nutrition consortium and Partnerships and Opportunities to Strengthen and Harmonize Actions for Nutrition in India (POSHAN). A series of policy notes, implementation notes, and research notes on working multisectorally to improve nutrition in India, were shared and posted online. Evidence generated by the Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition in South Asia (LANSA) partnership on impact, design, delivery and cost-effectiveness of nutrition-sensitive agricultural programs has provided foundational work to ground understanding of the agriculture-nutrition context in South Asia. Evidence reviews for India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh synthesized the current environment for nutrition-sensitive agriculture policy, which will guide future work on identifying and designing effective nutrition-sensitive agriculture policies and programs. A closer examination of the rapid progress in Bangladesh to reduce child undernutrition revealed factors key to their achievements, results which will complement IFPRI’s policy engagement in Bangladesh through the Policy Research and Strategy Support Program and a new A4NH initiative which began in 2014 to analyze the drivers and pathways of change in nutrition in a set of country-level case studies. These Stories of Change, expected to be completed in 2015, will draw lessons for understanding how change happens and can be promoted in other contexts. Donors and program implementers have been using the brief, “Child Stunting and Aflatoxins,” which was part of the 2020 Vision series on aflatoxins, as a summary of the latest scientific evidence on aflatoxin and stunting. IDRC and their research grantees used the brief for the design of a research project in Zimbabwe looking at aflatoxin control and the links with stunting. The lead author of the brief was invited to present at an expert meeting organized by the Global Donor Platform for Rural Development in Berlin, and at a meeting with Mercy Corps in Guatemala City. The 2012 study on zoonoses and poverty commissioned by DFID continues to influence both investors and researchers: DFID now requires that it be taken into account for applicants in their most recent call for zoonotic disease proposals. In 2014, A4NH was successful in obtaining funding to work on zoonoses in Kenya and FAO requested the data to use as part of a global disease report. Donors are demanding more of the types of evaluations and evidence generated by A4NH research on integrated programs. A4NH started several new projects in 2014 including one with HKI - Innovative Approaches for the Prevention of Childhood Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa (PROMIS), which aims at linking the prevention of chronic undernutrition with the treatment and management of severe acute malnutrition. Many of the current and new projects include components to explore women’s empowerment as a pathway for improving nutritional outcomes. The A4NH researcher seconded to IFAD was the lead author on Improving Nutrition through Agriculture, which outlines its goals, vision, and approach to nutrition and the qualifying characteristics of a nutrition-sensitive project. This serves as an important framework for IFAD’s nutrition strategy, of which the A4NH-supported researcher is supervising the development. 7 Use of A4NH evidence by implementers. During 2014, high-yielding micronutrient-rich varieties were made available to NARES and implementing partners, including zinc rice for boro season released in Bangladesh; three vitamin A cassava varieties released in Nigeria; and two OFSP varieties released in Uganda. A4NH evaluation results have been used to design HKI’s new E-HFP programs in Burkina Faso and Tanzania, as part of the CHANGE project, which started in 2013. The new programs specifically incorporated and are now testing several of the key recommended improvements made following the 2012 evaluation of the E-HFP program in Burkina Faso conducted by A4NH researchers. A piece in the Global Nutrition Report summarized the impacts of the E-HFP program on women’s and children’s nutritional outcomes and women’s empowerment as well as on the outputs and outcomes along the program impact pathways such as women’s ownership of assets, women’s agriculture production, household consumption and women’s knowledge of optimal health and nutrition practices. C.3 Progress towards Impact Biofortification is the nearest to achieving development impacts at scale, and systems are in place to track uptake among beneficiary populations. In 2014, HarvestPlus and its partners delivered biofortified crops to more than 1 million farming households, including iron beans to 330,000 farming households in Rwanda and 127,000 in DRC, and vitamin A maize to more than 100,000 households in Zambia. A critical piece in this next phase of HarvestPlus is the development of partnerships with actors that can disseminate biofortified varieties. Delivery partnerships have been developed in individual country contexts. For example, in India HarvestPlus works with Nirmal Seeds and other private seed companies to develop, test, and market iron pearl millet hybrids and develop zinc wheat. Two iron pearl millet hybrids were test marketed for the first time in 2014. In Zambia, HarvestPlus engaged private sector partners in food processing to support the market for biofortified crops. By working closely with the AgResults project, the links between farmers and millers were strengthened: in 2015, it is expected that 60 MT of maize grain will be procured by millers to be processed for retail markets. HarvestPlus is also expanding to include international NGOs, to deliver biofortified crops in both target and expansion countries. In 2014, HarvestPlus signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with World Vision. This partnership will initially focus its efforts on disseminating biofortified crops in Burundi, Tanzania, Malawi, Ghana, and Sierra Leone. HarvestPlus has started preparation to assess the impact of iron bean in Rwanda in 2015. The study will measure adoption and diffusion rates, as well as additional intake from iron bean. Additionally, it will assess the impact of biofortified crops specifically for women and girls, not only nutritional outcomes but also potentially gendered adoption outcomes, such as time allocation, income, and market participation. In addition, A4NH made progress in 2014 to position for impact across other flagships, like Integrated Programs and Policies. An assessment of how development implementers use research to design and monitor and evaluate nutrition-sensitive agricultural programs was conducted and made available in 2015. The first Global Nutrition Report provides a great opportunity for A4NH to support the enabling environment for nutrition at global, national, and subnational levels. D. GENDER RESEARCH ACHIEVEMENTS In addition to the gender dimensions of the outputs and outcomes described previously, a significant gender achievement in 2014 was the completion of the strategic gender assessment (SGA) for HarvestPlus. The SGA was conducted by a team of external gender experts (in agriculture, nutrition, food security) to evaluate what has been done to date and make recommendations for what more HarvestPlus could be doing to strengthen program results by explicitly addressing gender opportunities and constraints. The findings of the SGA on research suggested that even though HarvestPlus research 8 outputs are “overall, excellent” in quality, and sex-disaggregated data are collected systematically, there are opportunities to improve the integration of gender considerations in hypothesis development, data collection and analysis. The SGA made several actionable recommendations, including re-analyzing previously collected data with a gender lens; developing a better understanding of gender and intra- household decision making among target households; and identifying key gender-related research hypotheses during the design of new research projects. Implementation of several recommendations began in 2014. For example, data on consumer acceptance of biofortified foods is being re-analyzed with a gender lens to understand better if men and women’s acceptance of these crops differ. HarvestPlus is planning to include a version of the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) in the upcoming impact assessment study on the adoption of iron beans in Rwanda in order to investigate hypotheses on the role of gender in adoption of these varieties and the impact of varietal adoption on various outcomes for women (e.g., iron intake, time allocation, and income). Findings from A4NH supported research is improving understanding and awareness of gender considerations in nutrition-sensitive agricultural programs and how women’s empowerment can be a useful pathway for improving nutrition and health. For example, in the CIP-led Rwanda Super Foods project, the team understood that traditionally sweet potato is considered a woman’s crop and were aware that when crops commercialize, men tend to dominate the value chain. The project design dictated that 75% of direct beneficiaries had to be female sweetpotato farmers. Preliminary results at the end of the project suggest that both male and female participants more than doubled their production and tripled the amount of sweetpotato sold on average compared to non-participants. A4NH-affilated researchers with USAID released a cross country baseline report in May 2014, based on analyses of the WEAI in 13 Feed the Future Initiative countries. As the WEAI has been rolled out to the Feed the Future countries, there is now growing interest in adapting it for project-level use. Work on the WEAI and on linkages between agriculture, gender and nutrition have led to interest by developing country governments (e.g., Bangladesh Ministry of Agriculture) to design interventions to close empowerment gaps identified by the WEAI. Work continued in 2014 on synthesizing findings from eight mixed-method evaluations of the impacts of agricultural development projects on individual and household assets in seven countries in Africa and South Asia, a collaboration between A4NH and PIM in the Gender, Agriculture and Assets Project (GAAP). The results, to be published in 2015, show that assets both affect and are affected by projects, suggesting it is feasible and important to consider assets in the design, implementation, and evaluation of nutrition-sensitive agricultural projects. All projects were associated with increases in asset levels and other benefits at the household level; however, only four projects documented significant, positive impacts in women’s ownership or control of assets relative to a control group, and of those only one project provided evidence of a reduction in the gender asset gap. Several A4NH-affiliated researchers participated in cross-CRP case studies for the CGIAR Global Study on Gender Norms and Agency in Agricultural Innovation study. A more in depth analysis of the OFSP system has been undertaken through RTB funding of three case studies, which will further illuminate the gender dimensions of the A4NH-linked work on OFSP in Bangladesh. An RTB-funded training course was carried out in December to train the teams to carry out these cases and this training has had the spill-over benefit of strengthening the team in gender analysis. Bioversity conducted a case study to complement the nutrition-sensitive landscapes case study in Vietnam. Together with the Institute for Development Studies (IDS), the data collection tools were modified to have more focus on diets and nutrition and any related gender differences. With IITA, a case study on the commercializing cassava value chains in Nigeria and Tanzania was conducted. Results on all three are expected in 2015. 9 A4NH undertook a number of activities to build capacity for gender research across CGIAR and to external partners. In May, the Gender Nutrition Idea Exchange, a blog hosted on the A4NH web site was launched to improve understanding of how to conduct high-quality agriculture research that considers gender and nutrition issues. At the end of the year, researchers from nine CRPs and partners from FAO, IFAD, and other academic institutions attended the second Gender-Nutrition Methods workshop. Lastly, A4NH was a partner in several successful gender post doc proposals related to developing measures of women’s empowerment, which will be hired in 2015. E. PARTNERSHIP BUILDING ACHIEVEMENTS A4NH had a successful year in implementing its partnership strategy with enablers, implementers, and researchers. We increased awareness and knowledge among different groups working on understanding the concepts in integrating agriculture and food systems with nutrition and health goals. A4NH co- organized with the ISPC, a joint meeting on nutrition as part of follow-up activities to the 2013 Science Forum. The meeting focused on research approaches for access to affordable, nutritious and safe diets and evaluating the impacts of interventions on nutrition. A4NH convened current and potential partners at the IFPRI 2020 Conference for two side events on resilience in local food systems and food safety. Enablers. A4NH considers the two major partnership events in 2014 – the Together for Nutrition conference in India and the 2nd Global Conference on Biofortification in Rwanda – and associated outputs cited throughout this year’s report as significant partnership building achievements in and of themselves and examples of progress. A4NH made contributions to the discussions and briefs of the Global Panel on Agriculture and Food Systems for Nutrition. Inputs from the A4NH seconded researcher to IFAD have supported the development of evidence-based nutrition strategies and the IFAD 10 Pledges, in which all country strategies and 30% of IFAD grants/loans will be nutrition-sensitive. Over the course of 2014, A4NH strengthened its involvement with the Scaling up Nutrition (SUN) movement. The SUN Civil Society Network and A4NH co-organized a workshop at the 6th African Nutrition Epidemiology Conference (ANEC) and HarvestPlus was accepted as a member of the Network. During 2014, the Aflatoxin Policy and Programs for the East Africa Region’s (APPEAR) initiative, led by IITA, mobilized 13 research teams to develop technical and policy papers spanning health, agriculture, trade, environment and communication issues related to aflatoxin control. The team will finalize and present the papers to leaders in the East African Community (EAC) in 2015 in order to increase awareness and understanding of aflatoxin issues and increase regional capacity to manage aflatoxin programs. In 2014, WHO convened delegates from countries with endemic neurocysticercosis 2, tropical disease experts and pharmaceutical industry executives to work out how best to lower or even eliminate the burden of the infection. An A4NH scientist, jointly appointed by ILRI and Liverpool University, chaired the meeting. Participants agreed to create a global network, led by WHO, to support efforts by endemic countries. The A4NH- supported event on nutrition at ReSAKSS, in addition to the support on nutrition and gender have supported the African Union in its development of the CAADP results framework for the next 10 years. Development Implementers and Value Chain Actors. This year, we expanded food safety partnerships with value chain actors involved with fish in Zambia (with local partners and WorldFish and ILRI); vegetables in India (with a social enterprise called eKutir and McGill University and the Indian Institute of Management – Bangalore); and private seed companies in Bangladesh. In order to promote the production and distribution of Aflasafe™ across Africa, IITA strengthened its ties to the Partnership for 2According to WHO estimates, cysticercosis has become the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. Caused by infection with a stage of the pig tapeworm, the infection can also cause chronic headache, meningitis, hydrocephalus, dementia, blindness, and even death. 10 Aflatoxin Control in Africa (PACA) to encourage engagement of the private sector and local partners. IITA has actively engaged private sector partners through an innovation platform between AgResults implementers and 20 Feed the Future companies in Nigeria. A4NH also responded to an invitation to participate in the bi-annual meeting of the International Union of Food Science and Technology in 2014, which will result in innovative partnership arrangements with the food science community in the future. As part of the MOU between HarvestPlus and World Vision, the teams held a workshop to identify priority expansion countries/crops on which the partnership will focus. Country-level MOUs with World Vision national offices are now being developed. A4NH continues to partner with HKI, Concern Worldwide, and BRAC, among others, in several ongoing program evaluations. Researchers. Our research collaborations continue to grow and fill important gaps. The Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI) has become a strong partner with A4NH in our research on agriculture- associated diseases, agriculture-nutrition, and policy process research. PHFI is a core partner in Transform Nutrition and played a strong role in the Together for Nutrition conference in India in October 2014 and the first South Asian Transforming Nutrition short course. PHFI has committed to taking a leadership role in coordinating a regional consultation with agriculture and health stakeholders in India in 2015. Conversations with new partners in human health began in 2014 and will likely translate into new arrangements in 2015 following the series of regional public health consultations A4NH is planning in West/Central Africa, East/Southern Africa, and South Asia in order to expand this part of the portfolio in Phase 2. CRPs. In 2014, systems CRPs began benchmarking the degree and type of nutrition and health mainstreaming in their programs, including utilizing common diet diversity indicators for monitoring. This achievement occurred primarily through a group of A4NH scientists in partnership with Wageningen University and Earth Institute/Columbia University collaborating on a research theme known as nutrition-sensitive landscapes. This year, this team started conducting multi-disciplinary nutrition pilot studies together with the CRPs on Aquatic Agricultural Systems (AAS) in Zambia and Humid Tropics in Kenya and Vietnam. Joint outputs are expected in 2015. There is also substantial interaction between the research conducted in the Poverty, Health and Nutrition division (PHND) in IFPRI under A4NH and related research conducted for PIM in the same division. PHND’s research on social protection under PIM is increasingly focused on the effects of social protection on agricultural productivity and nutrition outcomes. Another important strategic interaction concerns methods for conducting behavior change communication (BCC) around nutrition and how to measure the impacts of these approaches. PHND has done a great deal of research on effective BCC strategies and now these programs and approaches to measuring their impacts are being scaled up in several PIM social protection program evaluations in Bangladesh and Ethiopia. With McGill University and the INCLEN Trust in India, A4NH is a core partner in the Convergent Innovation Coalition (CIC). One of the primary activities is on food system innovations. With our CIC partners and the CRP on Grain Legumes, we are starting a Pulse Innovation Partnership in 2015, which will be linked to activities led by the pulse sector as part of the United Nations’ International Year of Pulses in 2016. F. CAPACITY BUILDING Capacity building is an important component of our ToC. Training provided by A4NH and partners in production, management, commercialization and nutrition education built capacity among more than 347,000 farmers, technicians, community resource persons, retailers and marketing representatives, caregivers, and policymakers. Three initiatives are highlighted here. In Bangladesh, a cadre of nutrition scholars received training on nutrition and agriculture themes as part of CIP’s project in the USAID Feed 11 the Future region of Southern Bangladesh. By year’s end, the scholars reached 21,840 women with nutrition and agriculture messages as well as hygiene and other health tips. Researchers from Transform Nutrition contributed to the three short courses for policymakers and practitioners designed to build understanding of the nature, causes and consequences of undernutrition, explore ways of addressing undernutrition, and examine nutrition’s evolving role and profile in the development agenda. One course, tailored to the South Asia context, was offered for the first time in India, thanks to the leadership from partners at PHFI. As part of the APPEAR initiative, nine workshops were held with the EAC to build regional capacity and validate cross-sectoral aflatoxin policies in the health, agriculture, trade, and environment sectors. A knowledge platform has been formed for the EAC to support all stakeholder interests, including public health. One hundred and eighty master’s and PhD-level students received mentoring and support from A4NH researchers to conduct agriculture, nutrition and health research. More efforts are planned to support postgraduate capacity development with our partners in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. With A4NH support, LANSA launched a responsive window call for research proposals in South Asia. From 90 concept notes, four were selected and research started in 2014. Efforts by A4NH and the Leverhulme Centre for Integrative Research on Agriculture and Health to develop ideas for the Agriculture, Nutrition and Health Academy have been fruitful; the Academy will be officially launched in June 2015. G. RISK MANAGEMENT A4NH and other CRPs have been created to add value to existing research efforts by CGIAR Centers and partners by creating critical mass and coordinated action on larger research challenges, enhancing performance management and evaluation systems, and improving impact orientation. These are difficult tasks, particularly when bridging the agriculture, nutrition and health sectors. While A4NH has made significant progress in these added values in its first three years, there are still many risks to the challenging tasks of supporting results sustainably and at scale. We provide below three major risks that we have planned for that may hinder our expected delivery of results. However, each of these risks have been exacerbated by the increasing uncertainty of core program funding which supports the additional efforts needed to add value. Surprisingly, given the growing importance of nutrition and health outcomes for the CGIAR, A4NH is in the group of CRPs with the lowest proportion of W1 and W2 funding. However, increasingly even the annual Window 1 (W1) and Window 2 (W2) budget is uncertain, either cut very late in the year or without a clear commitment until well into the year, undermining commitments to partners and interruption investments in coordination and management improvements that are central to CRP performance. 1. Fostering partnerships in order to achieve development impact. A4NH is working to make its partnerships more inclusive and effective so they reflect the central role of national partners in owning and leading country agriculture, nutrition and health plans and actions. The Global Nutrition Report was an excellent partnership for getting buy-in with supportive coordination by A4NH-affiliated researchers at IFPRI. The Together for Nutrition conference in India highlighted how individual states and partners in those states took the lead with support. A4NH support to ReSAKSS and the CAADP results framework managed by the African Union Commission is another example of how partnerships with regional bodies can provide evidence. These considerations also extend to partnerships around more specific technical research. Supporting the capacity of national partners to play a greater role is critical. Two examples from food safety research that we need to build on are the successful coalition of national partners involved in the Safe Food Fair Food program and in the partnership around the production and delivery of Aflasafe™. While these are good examples of what can be done, the demands and expectations of 12 inclusive and effective partnerships with national partners exceed our ability to respond effectively. We will have to be innovative in developing and managing partnerships for impact with a smaller subset of national partners, and use the experiences to extend support more broadly to other countries. 2. Clarifying results – outputs, immediate and intermediate development outcomes – to demonstrate progress. Past systematic reviews have shown that agricultural research has been weak at demonstrating nutrition and health impacts. To meet the legitimate demands of donors and clients for more evidence of impact, A4NH has created a large portfolio of evaluations of integrated program interventions, which include agriculture. One of the key issues in demonstrating evidence of progress is to set the right expectations. Together with the ISPC, A4NH contributed to clarifying that the key contribution of agriculture can be improved diets. This is now reflected in the new CGIAR SRF. The other key risk is to show short-term progress in complex longer-term research for development. Again, considerable progress in developing impact pathways and ToCs, metrics and indicators, and understanding the enabling and empowering factors such as gender are all strengthening our ability to demonstrate short-term immediate results that are plausible in contributing to longer-term impacts. 3. Performance management and accountability systems. A key demand from donors and clients is for better performance management through improved monitoring and information systems. In 2014, we have been working on a number of recommendations from the internal audit of A4NH in strengthening project information systems, such as developing a project description database and repository for deliverables. Many of the internal audit recommendations cannot be met at the CRP level alone, but require system level (Consortium) actions as well. To clarify expectations with A4NH-participating Centers, A4NH developed a tool in 2014 called the Center Performance Summary. This document was used as the framework for discussions with Center management on performance in Phase 1 of A4NH and provided an opportunity to clarify expectations for the 2015-16 Extension Phase and for Phase 2. H. LESSONS LEARNED In 2014, progress across the four flagships has been mixed, largely due to differences in resources (critical mass of people and funding) and experience. For the larger and more mature research flagships of Biofortification and Integrated Programs and Policies, there is much more experience and skill in managing all the elements of resource mobilization, and research planning, management, and reporting required to achieve results. These flagships are 80% funded by restricted grants. However, for newer research areas, like the flagships on Value Chains for Enhanced Nutrition and Agriculture-Associated Diseases, the relatively low W1 and W2 funding in A4NH (approximately 30% of total funding in 2014 and declining in 2015-16) constrains how quickly new research areas can grow. This constraint will be exacerbated in the 2015-16 extension period with W1/W2 budget reductions and all W1/W2 funding for 2012-14 expended by the end of 2014. We will be working to diversify funding and partnerships for these two flagships. Currently, the issue in A4NH is less about research not producing expected results, but more about what can be done to accelerate outcomes and impacts at scale. The Integrated Programs and Policies flagship has completed, or will complete by the end of 2016, a range of evaluations that will provide support to governmental and non-governmental program implementers. We do not expect major changes to the research directions with the current stream of work until 2018, at the earliest. The policy research and analysis of country progress indicators is expanding. There are new results in terms of assessing implementation of country programs that will be shared with countries. As highlighted in the Global Nutrition Report, current analyses are constrained by lack of consistent data collection by countries for 13 the six World Health Assembly indicators used to assess country progress in improving maternal and infant and young child nutrition. In 2014, HarvestPlus began a new delivery phase. Each country team is preparing or has prepared delivery plans with impact pathways and ToCs. This is a new area of research and we expect some variability in the progress made in each of the nine target countries and potentially some adjustments in 2016-17. In 2015, we will finalize a CRP-commissioned external evaluation of A4NH research on food safety. This is very timely, as improved food safety has an IDO in the new CGIAR SRF. The evaluation is expected to provide lessons on how to improve current work – mainly food safety in dairy value chains and aflatoxins in maize, groundnuts, and feed – and assess plans for scaling up food safety research in future. These lessons will be built into the food safety part of the Phase 2 pre-proposal. In its first three years, analyses of A4NH research in evaluating nutrition outcomes has shown that improving diet diversity and increasing micronutrient bioavailability and consumption are achievable short-term targets for interventions. Acceptance of this evidence is reflected in the adoption of these indicators at CGIAR level. In order to reduce stunting, multi-sectoral inputs are required, which will have important implications for A4NH’s contributions to broader partnerships. Initial results show that gender is critical to progress, so we will continue to intensify efforts to strengthen gender and nutrition tools and methods across the CGIAR. For most of A4NH, we have a high quality of research. However, in some areas there are opportunities to strengthen the quality of research design, measurement and collection of data and analysis. We plan to use our core capacity of nutrition and health epidemiology, linked to platforms such as the growing community of practice around gender and nutrition, and our support to nutrition studies in the systems CRP sites to support research quality improvements in all participating Centers and partner CRPs. 14 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L101 I. FINANCIAL REPORTS CRP No.4.0 A4NH Period: 01/01/2014 - 12/31/2014 Cumulative Financial Summary Amounts in USD (000's) Report Description Name of Report: Cumuative Financial Summary (2012-2014) Frequency/Period: Annual Deadline: Every April 15th Summary Report - by CG (a) Total POWB budget since inception (b) Actual cumulative Expenses (c) Variance / Balance Partners Windows Windows Bilateral Windows Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center funds Total Funding Window 3 Center funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center funds Total Funding 1&2 1&2 Funding 1&2 1. BIOVERSITY 5,160 404 6,193 11,757 4,759 260 3,858 8,877 401 144 2,335 - 2,880 2. CIAT 13,316 947 29,955 44,218 14,205 333 30,184 44,722 (889) 614 (229) - (504) 3. CIMMYT 3,425 - 3,245 - 6,670 3,228 - 3,041 - 6,270 197 - 204 - 400 4. CIP 1,380 1,723 3,647 6,750 1,379 2,737 905 5,021 1 (1,014) 2,742 - 1,729 5. ICARDA - - - - - - - 6. ICRAF 1,120 230 2,136 3,486 1,120 230 558 1,908 - - 1,578 - 1,578 7. ICRISAT 5,115 2,840 96 8,051 4,840 1,458 80 6,378 275 1,382 16 - 1,673 8. IFPRI 13,814 17,389 31,900 407 63,510 13,777 18,832 35,691 749 69,049 37 (1,444) (3,791) (342) (5,540) 9. IITA 6,765 2,019 19,859 28,643 6,389 2,478 12,019 20,886 376 (459) 7,840 - 7,757 10. ILRI 10,112 1,427 7,294 18,833 9,434 1,138 6,093 16,664 678 289 1,201 - 2,169 11. IRRI 2,018 2,018 1,856 1,856 162 - - - 162 12. WORLDFISH 310 617 927 291 610 901 19 - 7 - 26 Total for CRP 62,535 26,978 104,942 407 194,862 61,278 27,466 93,039 749 182,532 1,257 (488) 11,903 (342) 12,330 32% 14% 54% 0% 100% 34% 15% 51% 0% 100% 10% -4% 97% -3% 100% 15 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L106 CRP : 4 "A4NH" Period: 01/01/2014 - 12/31/2014 Amounts in USD (000's) Report Description Name of Report: Annual Funding Summary Frequency/Period: Annual DeadlineEvery April 15th PART 1 - Annual FINANCE PLAN (Totals for Windows 1 and 2 combined) Approved Level for Year - Initial Approval (as per PIA) Approved Level for Year - Final Amount PART 2 - Funding Summary for Year 2014 Actual Funding Windows 1&2 Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding ACIAR 394 394 AU-IBAR 265 265 Austria - 174 174 BMGF 254 2,350 2,604 Carasso Foundation - - 171 171 CFC 138 138 CGIAR Fund 26,670 319 26,989 CIAT 158 735 894 DELOITTTE 506 506 DFATD - - 1,950 1,950 DFID 855 1,660 2,515 EC/IFAD - 1,308 1,308 FAO - - 94 94 FAO/GEF - - 651 651 FHI - - 4,488 4,488 Finland - - 781 781 GAIN - - 316 316 Germany/GIZ 610 610 DFID,Syngenta Foundation, USAID, BMGF through 17,805 17,805 HarvestPlus from other donor - - 5,814 5,814 HKI - - 230 230 IFAD 321 321 IFPRI 326 228 554 Imperial College - - 46 46 JSI - - 314 314 LSTM 110 110 Luonnonvarakeskus (MTT) - - 373 373 MERIDIAN 419 419 MSSRF - - 279 279 NERC 339 339 NESTEC LTD 32 32 Shiree - SIDA 191 191 UNEP/GEF - - 502 502 UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURG 83 83 USAID 54 54 USAID/WB - 5,678 1,397 7,075 USDA 905 905 Various - 11,058 101 11,159 WELCOME TRUST 77 77 World Bank 42 42 Others < $30,000 31 342 373 Total 26,670 20,580 44,352 342 91,944 16 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L111 CRP No.4.0 A4NH Period: 01/01/2014 - 12/31/2014 Annual Financial Summary by Centers Amounts in USD (000's) Report Description Name of Report: Annual Financial Summary by Centers & Other Participants Frequency/Period: Annual Deadline: Every April 15th Summary Report - by CG (a) CRP 2014 POWB approved budget (b) CRP 2014 Expenditure (c) Variance this Year Partners Windows Windows Windows Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center funds Total Funding 1&2 1&2 1&2 1. BIOVERSITY 2,305 227 1,768 4,300 1,902 170 1,535 - 3,607 403 57 233 - 693 2. CIAT 3,495 335 9,789 - 13,619 3,157 56 17,804 - 21,017 338 279 (8,015) - (7,398) 3. CIMMYT 3,426 - 288 - 3,714 3,228 - 289 - 3,517 198 - (1) - 197 4. CIP 461 1,059 977 - 2,497 460 2,073 906 - 3,439 1 (1,014) 71 - (942) 5. ICARDA - - - - - - - 6. ICRAF 528 230 - 758 528 230 - - 758 - - - - - 7. ICRISAT 1,958 550 32 - 2,540 1,638 326 29 - 1,993 320 224 3 - 547 8. IFPRI 6,961 13,800 17,546 527 38,834 7,685 15,243 18,571 342 41,841 (724) (1,443) (1,025) 185 (3,007) 9. IITA 2,855 1,754 4,861 - 9,470 2,969 2,030 3,201 - 8,200 (114) (276) 1,660 - 1,270 10. ILRI 4,947 359 2,065 - 7,371 4,270 394 1,786 - 6,450 677 (35) 279 - 921 11. IRRI 795 - - - 795 651 - - - 651 144 - - - 144 12. WORLDFISH 196 - 238 - 434 182 - 181 - 363 14 - 57 - 71 Total for CRP 27,927 18,314 37,564 527 84,332 26,670 20,522 44,302 342 91,835 1,257 (2,208) (6,738) 185 (7,503) 33% 22% 45% 1% 100% 29% 22% 48% 0% 100% -17% 29% 90% -2% 100% 17 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L121 CRP No.4.0 A4NH Annual Financial Summary by Natural Classification Period: 01/01/2014 - 12/31/2014 Amounts in USD (000's) Report Description Name of Report: Financial Summary by Natural Classification lines Frequency/Period: Annual Deadline: Every April 15th Windows Windows Windows Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding 1&2 1&2 1&2 Total CRP"4.0" POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 9,528 4,880 7,375 200 21,983 9,360 5,294 7,654 130 22,437 168 (414) (279) 70 (454) Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers 14,651 12,267 10,399 - 37,317 14,890 12,267 9,595 - 36,752 (239) - 804 - 565 Collaborator Costs - Partners 3,980 7,012 13,975 148 25,115 3,044 8,374 18,621 96 30,134 936 (1,362) (4,646) 52 (5,019) Supplies and services 9,303 2,737 8,629 62 20,731 8,775 3,575 11,301 40 23,691 528 (838) (2,672) 22 (2,960) Operational Travel 1,044 698 1,865 22 3,629 1,406 698 1,747 14 3,865 (362) 0 118 8 (236) Depreciation 289 913 1,310 6 2,518 282 303 471 4 1,060 7 611 839 2 1,459 Sub-total of Direct Costs 38,795 28,507 43,553 438 111,293 37,756 30,509 49,389 284 117,938 1,038 (2,002) (5,836) 154 (6,645) Indirect Costs 3,783 2,074 4,410 89 10,356 3,804 2,280 4,508 58 10,650 (21) (206) (98) 31 (294) Total - All Costs 42,578 30,581 47,963 527 121,649 41,560 32,789 53,897 342 128,587 1,017 (2,208) (5,934) 185 (6,939) LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers (14,651.0) (12,267.0) (10,399.0) - (37,317.0) (14,890.0) (12,267.0) (9,595.0) - (36,752) 239 - (804) - (565) Total Net Costs 27,927 18,314 37,564 527 84,332 26,670 20,522 44,302 342 91,835 1,256 (2,208) (6,738) 185 (7,504) Amounts for each participating center below: BIOVERSITY POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 1,263 66 396 1,725 906 25 275 1,205 357 42 121 - 520 Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 311 33 871 1,215 208 61 840 1,108 103 (28) 31 - 107 Supplies and services 404 104 350 858 420 69 303 792 (16) 35 47 - 66 Operational Travel 36 7 54 97 65 3 24 92 (29) 4 30 - 5 Depreciation - 4 4 - (4) - - (4) Sub-total of Direct Costs 2,014 210 1,671 - 3,895 1,598 160 1,442 - 3,200 416 50 229 - 695 Indirect Costs 291 17 97 405 304 10 93 407 (13) 7 4 - (2) Total - All Costs 2,305 227 1,768 - 4,300 1,902 170 1,535 - 3,607 403 57 233 - 693 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total Net Costs 2,305 227 1,768 - 4,300 1,902 170 1,535 - 3,607 403 57 233 - 693 CIAT POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 897 3 1,887 2,787 912 40 2,442 3,394 (15) (37) (555) - (607) Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers 5,740 4,725 10,465 5,979 3,921 9,900 (239) - 804 - 565 Collaborator Costs - Partners 939 258 1,632 2,829 410 6,874 7,284 529 258 (5,242) - (4,455) Supplies and services 984 7 3,624 4,615 1,120 9 5,618 6,747 (136) (2) (1,994) - (2,132) Operational Travel 113 7 259 379 141 730 871 (28) 7 (471) - (492) Depreciation 6 39 737 782 3 184 187 3 39 553 - 595 Sub-total of Direct Costs 8,679 314 12,864 - 21,857 8,565 49 19,769 - 28,383 114 265 (6,905) - (6,526) Indirect Costs 556 21 1,650 2,227 571 7 1,956 2,534 (15) 14 (306) - (307) Total - All Costs 9,235 335 14,514 - 24,084 9,136 56 21,725 - 30,917 99 279 (7,211) - (6,833) LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers (5,740.0) - (4,725) - (10,465) (5,979) - (3,921) - (9,900) 239 - (804) - (565) Total Net Costs 3,495 335 9,789 - 13,619 3,157 56 17,804 - 21,017 338 279 (8,015) - (7,398) CIMMYT POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 1,089 113 1,202 993 61 1,054 96 - 52 - 148 Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 70 25 95 20 24 44 50 - 1 - 51 Supplies and services 1,642 42 1,684 1,640 124 1,764 2 - (82) - (80) Operational Travel 152 (18) 134 117 10 127 35 - (28) - 7 Depreciation 32 89 121 39 34 73 (7) - 55 - 48 Sub-total of Direct Costs 2,985 - 251 - 3,236 2,809 - 253 - 3,062 176 - (2) - 174 Indirect Costs 441 37 478 419 36 455 22 - 1 - 23 Total - All Costs 3,426 - 288 - 3,714 3,228 - 289 - 3,517 198 - (1) - 197 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total Net Costs 3,426 - 288 - 3,714 3,228 - 289 - 3,517 198 - (1) - 197 18 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L121 Windows Windows Windows Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding 1&2 1&2 1&2 CIP POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 117 47 336 500 93 407 304 804 24 (360) 32 - (304) Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 56 634 149 839 49 1,084 181 1,314 7 (450) (32) - (476) Supplies and services 199 124 240 563 209 290 246 745 (10) (166) (6) - (182) Operational Travel 44 12 118 174 46 51 70 167 (2) (39) 48 - 7 Depreciation 120 120 4 38 42 (4) 82 - - 78 Sub-total of Direct Costs 416 937 843 - 2,196 401 1,870 801 - 3,072 15 (933) 42 - (877) Indirect Costs 45 122 134 301 59 203 105 367 (14) (81) 29 - (66) Total - All Costs 461 1,059 977 - 2,497 460 2,073 906 - 3,439 1 (1,014) 71 - (943) LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total Net Costs 461 1,059 977 - 2,497 460 2,073 906 - 3,439 1 (1,014) 71 - (943) ICRISAT POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 767 64 12 843 569 64 12 645 198 - - - 198 Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 64 223 287 61 89 9 159 3 134 (9) - 128 Supplies and services 725 190 16 931 720 124 844 5 66 16 - 87 Operational Travel 79 10 4 93 55 9 8 72 24 1 (4) - 21 Depreciation 50 50 4 3 7 46 (3) - - 43 Sub-total of Direct Costs 1,685 487 32 - 2,204 1,409 289 29 - 1,727 276 198 3 - 477 Indirect Costs 273 63 336 229 37 266 44 26 - - 70 Total - All Costs 1,958 550 32 - 2,540 1,638 326 29 - 1,993 320 224 3 - 547 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total Net Costs 1,958 550 32 - 2,540 1,638 326 29 - 1,993 320 224 3 - 547 IFPRI POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 2,742 3,948 3,136 200 10,026 2,742 4,144 3,301 130 10,317 - (196) (165) 70 (291) Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers 8,911 12,267 5,674 26,852 8,911 12,267 5,674 26,852 - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 1,953 5,628 9,661 148 17,390 1,953 6,640 10,519 96 19,208 - (1,012) (858) 52 (1,818) Supplies and services 1,542 1,555 2,326 62 5,485 1,542 2,143 2,562 40 6,287 - (588) (236) 22 (802) Operational Travel 233 415 372 22 1,042 233 438 393 14 1,078 - (23) (21) 8 (36) Depreciation 140 655 481 6 1,282 140 190 139 4 473 - 465 342 2 809 Sub-total of Direct Costs 15,521 24,468 21,650 438 62,077 15,521 25,822 22,588 284 64,215 - (1,354) (938) 154 (2,138) Indirect Costs 1,075 1,599 1,570 89 4,333 1,075 1,688 1,657 58 4,478 - (89) (87) 31 (145) Total - All Costs 16,596 26,067 23,220 527 66,410 16,596 27,510 24,245 342 68,693 - (1,443) (1,025) 185 (2,283) LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers (8,911.0) (12,267) (5,674) - (26,852) (8,911) (12,267) (5,674) - (26,852) - - - - - Total Net Costs 7,685 13,800 17,546 527 39,558 7,685 15,243 18,571 342 41,841 - (1,443) (1,025) 185 (2,283) IITA POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 869 592 926 2,387 1,250 495 702 2,447 (381) 97 224 - (60) Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 150 145 1,155 1,450 13 293 46 352 137 (148) 1,109 - 1,098 Supplies and services 1,259 548 1,279 3,086 875 749 1,642 3,266 384 (201) (363) - (180) Operational Travel 156 195 864 1,215 331 171 331 833 (175) 24 533 - 382 Depreciation 55 99 3 157 65 68 63 196 (10) 31 (60) - (39) Sub-total of Direct Costs 2,489 1,579 4,227 - 8,295 2,534 1,776 2,784 - 7,094 (45) (197) 1,443 - 1,201 Indirect Costs 366 175 634 1,175 435 254 417 1,106 (69) (79) 217 - 69 Total - All Costs 2,855 1,754 4,861 - 9,470 2,969 2,030 3,201 - 8,200 (114) (276) 1,660 - 1,270 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total Net Costs 2,855 1,754 4,861 - 9,470 2,969 2,030 3,201 - 8,200 (114) (276) 1,660 - 1,270 ILRI POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 1,404 105 514 2,023 1,278 64 494 1,836 126 41 20 - 187 Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 428 79 335 842 258 195 128 581 170 (116) 207 - 261 Supplies and services 2,292 92 740 3,124 1,885 74 719 2,678 407 18 21 - 446 Operational Travel 178 36 210 424 295 10 169 474 (117) 26 41 - (50) Depreciation - 15 49 64 (15) - (49) - (64) Sub-total of Direct Costs 4,302 312 1,799 - 6,413 3,731 343 1,559 - 5,633 571 (31) 240 - 780 Indirect Costs 645 47 266 958 539 51 227 817 106 (4) 39 - 141 Total - All Costs 4,947 359 2,065 - 7,371 4,270 394 1,786 - 6,450 677 (35) 279 - 921 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total Net Costs 4,947 359 2,065 - 7,371 4,270 394 1,786 - 6,450 677 (35) 279 - 921 19 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L121 Windows Windows Windows Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding Window 3 Bilateral Funding Center Funds Total Funding 1&2 1&2 1&2 IRRI POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 380 380 337 337 43 - - - 43 Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - Collaborator Costs - Partners 10 10 10 10 (1) - - - (1) Supplies and services 256 256 203 203 53 - - - 53 Operational Travel 53 53 27 27 26 - - - 26 Depreciation 6 6 - 6 - - - 6 Sub-total of Direct Costs 704 - - - 704 577 - - - 577 127 - - - 127 Indirect Costs 91 91 74 74 17 - - - 17 Total - All Costs 795 - - - 795 651 - - - 651 144 - - - 144 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total Net Costs 795 - - - 795 651 - - - 651 144 - - - 144 WORLD AGROFORESTRY POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 176 55 231 203 55 258 (27) - - - (27) Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers 5 5 - 5 - - - 5 Collaborator Costs - Partners 100 12 112 62 12 74 38 - - - 38 Supplies and services 88 117 205 113 117 230 (25) - - - (25) Operational Travel 70 16 86 70 16 86 - - - - - Depreciation 20 20 12 12 8 - - - 8 Sub-total of Direct Costs 459 200 - - 659 460 200 - - 660 (1) - - - (1) Indirect Costs 69 30 99 68 30 98 1 - - - 1 Total - All Costs 528 230 - - 758 528 230 - - 758 - - - - - LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers (5.0) - - - (5) - - - - - (5) - - - (5) Total Net Costs 523 230 - - 753 528 230 - - 758 (5) - - - (5) WORLDFISH POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 49 55 104 77 63 140 (28) - (8) - (36) Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers 4 4 - 4 - - - 4 Collaborator Costs - Partners 17 147 164 - 17 - 147 - 164 Supplies and services 71 12 83 48 87 135 23 - (75) - (52) Operational Travel 34 2 36 26 12 38 8 - (10) - (2) Depreciation 2 2 2 2 2 - (2) - - Sub-total of Direct Costs 177 - 216 - 393 151 - 164 - 315 26 - 52 - 78 Indirect Costs 23 22 45 31 17 48 (8) - 5 - (3) Total - All Costs 200 - 238 - 438 182 - 181 - 363 18 - 57 - 75 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers (4.0) - - - (4) - - - - - (4) - - - (4) Total Net Costs 196 - 238 - 434 182 - 181 - 363 14 - 57 - 71 PMU POWB Approved Budget Actual Unspent/Variance Personnel 820 - - - 820 808 - - - 808 12 - - - 12 Collaborators Costs - CGIAR Centers 15 - - - 15 15 - - - 15 0 - - - 0 Collaborator Costs - Partners 558 - - - 558 550 - - - 550 8 - - - 8 Supplies and services 411 - - - 411 405 - - - 405 6 - - - 6 Operational Travel 64 - - - 64 63 - - - 63 1 - - - 1 Depreciation 33 - - - 33 32 - - - 32 0 - - - 0 Sub-total of Direct Costs 1,901 - - - 1,901 1,873 - - - 1,873 28 - - - 28 Indirect Costs 299 - - 299 295 - - - 295 4 - - - 4 Total - All Costs 2,200 - - - 2,200 2,168 - - - 2,168 32 - - - 32 LESS Coll Costs CGIAR Centers -15 - - - -15 (15) - - - (15) (0) - - - (0) Total Net Costs 2,185 - - - 2,185 2,153 - - - 2,153 32 - - - 32 20 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L131 Annual Financial CRP No.4.0 A4NH Summary by Flagship Period: 01/01/2014 - 12/31/2014 Amounts in USD (000's) Project Report Description Name of Report: Financial Summary by Flagship Project Frequency/Period: Annual Deadline: Every April 15th Current Year Actual POWB Approved Unspent Budget Expenditures Summary Report - by Flagship Project FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 7,110 7,082 28 FS-2 Biofortification 43,514 51,260 (7,746) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 13,241 11,670 1,571 FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 18,286 19,671 (1,385) CRP Management/Coordination 2,185 2,153 32 Total - All Costs 84,335 91,835 (7,500) BIOVERSITY FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 2,602 2,053 549 FS-2 Biofortification - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 1,699 1,554 145 CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 4,301 3,607 694 CIAT FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition FS-2 Biofortification 13,619 21,017 (7,398) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 13,619 21,017 (7,398) CIMMYT FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - FS-2 Biofortification 3,714 3,518 196 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 3,714 3,518 196 CIP FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 1,204 1,915 (711) FS-2 Biofortification 1,065 1,235 (170) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 228 289 (61) CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 2,497 3,439 (881) ICARDA FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - FS-2 Biofortification - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs - - - 21 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L131 Current Year Actual POWB Approved Unspent Budget Expenditures ICRISAT FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - FS-2 Biofortification 1,238 908 330.00 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 1,302 1,085 217.00 FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 2,540.00 1,993.00 547.00 IFPRI FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 1,158 1,248 (90) FS-2 Biofortification 18,642 20,086 (1,444) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 488 526 (38) FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 16,359 17,828 (1,469) CRP Management/Coordination 2,185 2,153 32 Total - All Costs 38,832 41,840 (3,009) IITA FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 732 634 98 FS-2 Biofortification 4,441 3,845 596 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 4,297 3,721 576 FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 9,470 8,200 1,270 ILRI FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 217 111 106 FS-2 Biofortification FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 7,154 6,338 816 FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 7,371 6,449 922 IRRI FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - FS-2 Biofortification 795 651 144 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 795 651 144 WORLD AGROFORESTRY CENTRE (ICRAF) FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 758 758 - FS-2 Biofortification - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 758 758 - WORLDFISH FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 439 363 76 FS-2 Biofortification - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - CRP Management/Coordination - Total - All Costs 439 363 76 22 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L136 CRP No.4.0 A4NH Annual Financial Summary Period: 01/01/2014 - 12/31/2014 Amounts in USD (000's) of Gender by Flagship Project Report Description Name of Report: Financial Summary of Gender Expenditure by Flagship Project Frequency/Period: Annual Deadline: Every April 15th Current Year Actual POWB Approved Unspent Budget Expenditures Summary Gender Report - by Flagship Project FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 199 109 89.89 FS-2 Biofortification 1,416 1,417 (0.74) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 2,019 1,984 34.89 FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 8,372 8,959 (586.28) Total - All Costs 12,007 12,469 (462) BIOVERSITY FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 26 21 5 FS-2 Biofortification - - - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - - - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 170 16 154 Total - All Costs 196 36 160 CIAT FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition FS-2 Biofortification 136 210 (74) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - - Total - All Costs 136 210 (74) CIMMYT FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - FS-2 Biofortification 907 858 49 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - Flagship Project 5 - Total - All Costs 907 858 49 CIP FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 12 19 (7) FS-2 Biofortification 11 12 (2) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - - - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 23 29 (6) Total - All Costs 45 60 (15) ICARDA FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - FS-2 Biofortification - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - Total - All Costs - - - 23 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L136 Current Year Actual POWB Approved Unspent Budget Expenditures ICRISAT FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - FS-2 Biofortification 124 91 33 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 130 108 22 FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - Total - All Costs 254 199 55 IFPRI FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 12 12 (1) FS-2 Biofortification 186 201 (14) FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 49 53 (4) FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies 8,180 8,914 (735) Total - All Costs 8,426 9,180 (754) IITA FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 7 6 1 FS-2 Biofortification 44 38 6 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 430 372 58 FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - Total - All Costs 481 417 65 ILRI FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 130 39 91 FS-2 Biofortification - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases 1,411 1,451 (41) FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - Total - All Costs 1,541 1,491 50 IRRI FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition - - FS-2 Biofortification 8 7 1 FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - - - Total - All Costs 8 7 1 WORLD AGROFORESTRY CENTRE (ICRAF) FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 8 8 - FS-2 Biofortification - - - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - - - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - - - - Total - All Costs 8 8 - WORLDFISH FS-1 Value chains for enhanced nutrition 4 4 1 FS-2 Biofortification - - - FS-3 Agricultural Associated Diseases - - - FS-4 Integrated Programs and Policies - - - Total - All Costs 4 4 1 24 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L211 Report L211 CRP Partnership Report CRP No.4.0 A4NH Period: 01/01/2014 - 12/31/2014 Amounts in USD (000's) Report Description Name of Report: CRP Partnerships Report Frequency/Period: Annual Deadline: Every April 15th TOTAL FOR CRP 4.0 Actual Expenses - This Year Windows Item Institute Acronym Institute Name Country Window 3 Bilateral Center Funds TOTAL 1&2 1 AAU Assam Agriclutral Univeirsty India 3 3 2 ADAF Adaf-Galle 1 - - - 1 3 AFEC Accion Fraterna Ecology Centre India 4 - - - 4 4 AFRICSANTE Agence De Formation, De Recherche & Burkina Faso - - 227 227 D'Expertise En Sante Pour L'Afrique 5 ANGRAU Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University India 1 - - - 1 (Angrau) 6 ANSA Associação De Nutrição E Segurança Alimentar Mozambique - - 103 103 7 ARDAP Appropriate Rural Development Agriculture Kenya 10 10 Programme 8 ARI Agricultural Research Institute Tanzania - 11 - - 11 9 AS Ajeet Seeds India - 0 - - 0 10 AS Ltd Ajeet Seeds Ltd India - 1 - - 1 11 AVRDC The World Vegetable Center Taiwan 1,084 1084 12 BAU Bihar Agricutlrual University India 4 4 13 BCience Pvt. Ltd Bayer Bioscience Pvt. Ltd India - 2 - - 2 14 BINARDA Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - - 70 70 15 BIOCROPS Biocrops Uganda Ltd Uganda 6 6 16 BOKU Universitat Fur Bodenkulfur Wien Austria 7 7 17 BSA&RD Benue State Agricultural & Rural Dev Nigeria - 62 31 93 18 BScience Bayer Bio Science India - 2 - - 2 19 BSearch Private Limited Bioseed Research India Private Limited India - 5 - - 5 20 CARE-ZAMBIA Care International Zambia Zambia (155) -155 21 CCHAU Ccs Haryana Agricultural University India - 17 - - 17 22 CEDO Community Enterprises Development Organization Uganda - 122 - 122 23 CELAGRID Center For Livestock And Agriculture Development Cambodia 0 24 Centre De Recherce Pou CENTRE DE RECHERCE POUR LE Senegal 0 72 - 72 DÉVELOPPEMENT ECONOMIQUE ET SOCIAL 25 CIAT International Center For Tropical Agriculture Colombia 0 26 CIVAS Center For Indonesia Veterinary Analytical Studies Indonesia 0 27 CMU Chiang Mai University Thailand 0 28 COMESA Common Market For Eastern And Southern Africa Zambia 100 100 29 CORNELL UNIVERSITY Cornell University United States 95 8 117 220 30 Corporacion CLAYUCA Corporacion - Consorcio Latinoamericano Y Del Colombia (4) - - - -4 Caribe De Apoyo A La Investigacion Y Al Desarrollo De La Yuca 31 CP, LLC Cultural Practice, Llc United States - 6 132 138 32 CREADIS Community Research In Environment And Kenya 9 9 Development Initiatives 33 CRI - GHANA Crops Research Institute ,Ghana Ghana 12 12 34 CRS Catholic Relief Services Rwanda 39 39 35 CSRS Centre Suisie De Recherches Sciencetifique En Ivory Coast 96 96 Cote D'Ivoire 36 DAH-HCMC Department Of Animal Health, Regional Health Vietnam 4 4 Centre 37 DARS Department Of Agriculture Research Services Malawi (15) -15 38 DATA Data Analysis & Tech Asst Bangladesh - - 542 542 39 DDs And Crop Technology Devgen Seeds And Crop Technology Private India - 6 - - 6 Private Limited Limited 40 DGR Directorate Of Groundnut Reasearch (Dgr) India 4 - - - 4 41 DLF-MAF Department Of Livestock And Fisheries, Ministry Of Lao Pdr 0 Agriculture And Forestry, 42 EICU Earth Institute Columbia University Usa - 7 - - 7 43 Embrapa/Funarbre Empresa Brasileira De Pesquisa Agropecuaria/ Brazil 913 - 30 - 943 Fundacao Arthur Bernardes. 44 ENVOY CONSULT Envoy Consult Agric Prod Nigeria - - 97 97 AGRICULTURE PRODUCE 45 ETH-ZURICH Eth-Zurich Switzerland - 407 - 407 46 FARM RADIO Farm Radio International Canada - 102 - 102 INTERNATIONAL 47 FL. Firetail Limited United Kingdom - - 64 64 48 FREIBURG Univ. Freiburg University Germany - 320 - 320 49 FUMA Fédération Des Unions Des Producteurs De Niger 2 - - - 2 Maradi  50 FUNBIO Brazilian Biodiversity Fund Brasil - - 287 - 287 51 Funiv. Flinders University Australia - 698 276 974 52 FVM/CMU Faculty Of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai Thailand 0 University 53 GENOTYPIC Genotypic In Bangalore, India India 24 - - - 24 54 GHGI Global Health Group International Thailand 0 55 GRi Seeds PVT Ganga Kaveri Seeds Private Limited India - 6 - - 6 56 GU Ghent University Belgium 100 - - - 100 57 GW LLC Groundwork Group Llc Switzerland 168 41 - 208 58 HBF Healthbridge Foundation Vietnam 30 - - - 30 59 HD India Pvt. Ltd Hytech Seed India Pvt. Ltd India - 2 - - 2 60 HDs Hytech Seeds India - 3 - - 3 61 HGD Humanitas Global Development United States - 168 - 168 62 HKI Helen Keller International United States - - 152 152 63 HSP Hanoi School Of Public Health Vietnam 105 105 64 HUA Hanoi University Of Agriculture Vietnam 90 90 25 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L211 Report L211 65 IAR Institute For Agricultural Research Nigeria 10 10 66 ICDDR International Center For Diarrheal And Desease Bangladesh - - 267 267 Research 67 ICRAF The International Centre For Research In Kenya 2 2 Agroforestry 68 ICTA Icta-Instituto De Ciencia Y Tecnologia Agricola Guatemala 49 - - - 49 69 IDS Institute Of Dev Studies United Kingdom 76 191 593 859 70 IDS Institute For Development Strategies Germany, The Netherl - 152 37 189 71 IEHSD Institute Of Environmental Health And Sustainable Vietnam 113 113 Development (Iehsd) Of The Vietnam Union Of Science And Technology Associations (Vusta 72 IITA International Institute Of Tropical Agriculture Nigeria 6 0 6 73 IKUAT Jome Kenyatta Univeirsty Of Agricutlure And Kenya 1 1 Technology 74 IKURU Ikuru Sarl Mozanbique (1) -1 75 IMBARAGA Imbaraga Farmers Organization Rwanda 11 11 76 INERA Institut De L'Environment Et De Recherch Burkina Faso - 43 188 231 77 INERA CONGO Institut De L’Environnement Et De Recherches Dr Congo 10 10 Agricoles 78 INN Instituto De Investigacion Peru 50 50 79 INRAB Institut National Des Recherches Agricole Du Benin 2 2 Bènin 80 IOOP Institute Of Oil And Oil Plants (Ioop), Hochi Minh Vietnam 5 - - - 5 City, Viet Nam 81 IOWA STATE UNIV. Iowa State University United States - - 151 151 82 IPA Innovations For Poverty Action Usa 291 - - 291 83 IRD Inst De Recherche Pour Le Developpement Burkina Faso 176 150 - 326 84 ISABU Institut Des Sciences Agronomiques Du Burundi Burundi 22 22 (Institute Of Agronomic Sciences Of Burundi) 85 ISDS Institute For Social Developent Studies Vietnam 26 - - - 26 86 ISMS Institute Of Social And Medical Studies Vietnam - - 335 335 87 ISTEEBU Isteebu Burundi - - 242 242 88 JAU Junagadh Agricultural University India - 4 - - 4 89 JEnetics Limited J K Agri Genetics Limited India - 5 - - 5 90 JHU Johns Hopkins University United States - - 1,708 1708 91 JIC John Innes Centre United Kingdom - - 80 80 92 JKTural Jk Agricultural India - 2 - - 2 93 KARI Kenya Agricultural Research Insitute Kenya 24 12 48 84 94 KAZEMBE Kazembe-2014/06/Hkaz/230 Malawi - - 9 - 9 95 KDs Kaveri Seeds Private Limited India - 7 - - 7 96 KRprises Kesar Enterprises India - 3 - - 3 97 LSHTM London School Of Hygiene And Tropical Medicine London 0 98 Makerere Univ. Makerere University Uganda 4 4 99 MBARARA Univ. Mbarara University Of Science & Technology Uganda - 56 - 56 100 MCGILL Mcgill University Canada 49 84 133 101 MG Malawi Government Malawi 7 7 102 MLifesciences Pvt. Ltd Metahelix Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd India - 4 - - 4 103 MTalix Metalix India - 2 - - 2 104 NaCRRI National Crops Resources Research Institute Uganda 18 18 105 NARC National Agricultural Research Centre Pakistan - - 66 66 106 NARO National Agricultural Research Organisation Uganda ` 234 - - 234 107 NASFAM National Smallholder Farmers’ Association Of Malawi 3 3 Malawi 108 NDs Pvt. Ltd Nirmal Seeds Pvt. Ltd India - 4 - - 4 109 NDUAT Narendra Dev University Agriculture and India 3 0 3 Technolgoy 110 NIS INC. Nutrition Impact Solutions Inc. Canada - 73 - 73 111 NISIR National Institute For Scientific And Industrial Zambia 12 12 Research 112 NLU Nong Lam University, Department Of Animal Vietnam 6 6 Physiology And Biochemistry 113 NRCRI National Root Crops Research Institute Nigeria - - 132 132 114 NSeeds Limited Nuziveedu Seeds Limited India - 4 - - 4 115 Oruwera Oruwera Limitada Moçambique 6 6 116 OSDP Oyo State Development Programme - - 74 74 117 PATH Program For Appropriate Technology In Health Usa 15 15 118 PEds Pioneer Seeds India - 4 - - 4 119 PHFI Public Health Foundation India - - 188 188 120 PIAM Poultry Industry Association Of Malawi Malawi 4 4 121 PIHCMC Pasteur Institute Vietnam 5 5 122 PSC Productores De Semilla De Copandaro Spr De Rl Mexico 17 17 123 PUNJAB AGRIC. Univ. Punjab Agricultural Univ India - 105 30 135 124 RAB Rwanda Agriculture Board Rwanda - 29 161 190 125 RGU Rakuno Gakuen University Japan 24 24 126 RVC Royal Veterinary College United Kingdom 0 127 SAN Ltd Smile Africa Network Ltd Nigeria - 100 - 100 128 SAVE THE CHILDREN Save The Children India, United Kingdom - - 110 110 129 SAWEC Senator Adeyemo Women Empowerment Nigeria - - 56 56 Cooperative 130 SDhak Hybrid Seeds Pvt Ltd Shakti Vardhak Hybrid Seeds Pvt Ltd India - 1 - - 1 131 SG, LLC Satory Global, Llc United States - 150 - 150 132 SINA Sina Gerard / Enterprise Urwibutso Rwanda 3 3 133 SKNAU Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University India - 5 - - 5 134 SLU Swedish: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet) Swedish Sweden 164 - - 164 University Of Agricultural Sciences 135 SPI Samaritan'S Purse International Uganda - 82 - 82 136 SR&C PVT Sambodhi Res & Comm Pvt India - - 112 112 137 SRI Ministry Of Environment Sri Lanka - - 94 - 94 138 SUA Sokoine University Of Agriculture Tanzania 6 31 37 139 Suniv. Sabanci University Turkey - 145 451 596 140 TAGEM General Directorate Of Agricultural Research And Turkey - - 391 - 391 Policy 141 TANGO Tango International, Inc United States 78 - - 78 142 TNAU Tamilnadu Agricultural University (Tnau) India 3 - - - 3 143 U OF WISCONSIN-MADISON University Of Wisconsin- Madison United States 77 - - 77 144 UAC University Of Abomey-Calavi Benin - - 20 - 20 26 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L211 Report L211 145 UAS University Of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur India 4 - - - 4 146 UniLurio Lurio University Mozambique 6 6 147 UNIV. OF AARHUS University Of Aarhus Denmark - 225 - 225 148 UNIV. OF BRITISH COLUMBIA University Of British Columbia Canada 191 - - 191 149 UNIV. OF GREENWICH University Of Greenwich United Kingdom 64 - 70 134 150 UNIV. OF MELBOURNE University Of Melbourne Australia - 130 81 212 151 UNIV. OF OKLAHOMA University Of Oklahoma United States - - 204 204 152 UO University Of Oxford Uk 17 - - - 17 153 USDA-ARS United States Department Of Agriculture, United States 117 117 Agricultural Research Services, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center 154 VEDCO Volunteer Efforts For Development Concerns - 96 - 96 155 VOX LATINA Vox Latina Guatemala - - 740 740 156 WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY Wageningen University The Netherlands - 64 - 64 157 WHO World Health Organization Switzerland - 250 - 250 158 WORLD VISION World Vision International, Uganda Uganda - 116 - 116 159 WUR-FSE Wageningen University Netherlands 34 11 - - 45 160 WVI World Vision Malawi Malawi 0 161 YALE UNIVERSITY Yale University United States - - 55 55 162 YWCA Young Women'S Christian Association Of Rwanda Rwanda 12 12 163 ZAGRA Zagra Zambia 24 24 164 ZARI Zambia Agriculture Research Institute. Zimbabwe 12 - - - 12 165 ZARI Zambia Agricultural Research Insitute Zambia 24 24 166 OTHER PARTNERS (<$50K) All Other Partners (<$50K) 131 2,400 9,419 96 12047 Total for CRP 3,044 8,375 18,619 96 30,134 - - - - 3,044 8,375 18,619 96 30,134 1. BIOVERSITY Actual Expenses - This Year Item Institute Acronym Institute Name Country Windows Window 3 Bilateral Center Funds TOTAL 1&2 1 KARI Kenya Agricultural Research Insitute Kenya - - 48 - 48 2 SRI Ministry of Environment Sri Lanka - - 94 - 94 3 GU Ghent University Belgium 100 - - - 100 4 UO University of Oxford UK 17 - - - 17 5 WUR-FSE Wageningen University Netherlands 34 11 - - 45 6 HBF HealthBridge Foundation Vietnam 30 - - - 30 7 ISDS Institute for Social Developent Studies Vietnam 26 - - - 26 8 EICU Earth Institute Columbia University USA - 7 - - 7 9 UAC University of Abomey-Calavi Benin - - 20 - 20 10 TAGEM General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Turkey - - 391 - 391 11 FUNBIO Brazilian Biodiversity Fund Brasil - - 287 - 287 12 ARI Agricultural Research Institute Tanzania - 11 - - 11 13 NARO National Agricultural Research Organisation Uganda - 32 - - 32 Total for Center 208 61 840 - 1108 2.CIAT Actual Expenses - This Year Item Institute Acronym Institute Name Country Windows Window 3 Bilateral Center Funds TOTAL 1&2 1 Embrapa/Funarbre Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria/ Brazil 279 - - - 279 Fundacao Arthur Bernardes. 2 Corporacion CLAYUCA Corporacion - Consorcio Latinoamericano y del Colombia (4) - - - -4 Caribe de Apoyo a la Investigacion y al Desarrollo de la Yuca 3 ICTA ICTA-Instituto De Ciencia Y Tecnologia Agricola Guatemala 29 - - - 29 4 Others Others Others 106 - 6,874 - 6980 0 Total for Center 410 - 6,874 - 7284 3.CIMMYT Actual Expenses - This Year Item Institute Acronym Institute Name Country Windows Window 3 Bilateral Center Funds TOTAL 1&2 1 ICTA INSTTITUTO DE CIENCIA Y TECHNOLOGIA AGRICOLAGUATEMALA 20 20 2 MG MALAWI GOVERNMENT MALAWI 7 7 3 PSC PRODUCTORES DE SEMILLA DE COPANDARO SPR DEMEXICO 17 17 - Total for Center 20 - 24 - 7284 4. CIP Actual Expenses - This Year Item Institute Acronym Institute Name Country Windows Window 3 Bilateral Center Funds TOTAL 1&2 1 RAB Rwanda Agriculture Board Rwanda 25 25 2 ICRAF The International Centre for Research in Agroforest Kenya 2 2 3 CRS Catholic Relief Services Rwanda 39 39 4 RAB Rwanda Agriculture Board Rwanda 26 26 5 BIOCROPS BioCrops Uganda Ltd Uganda 6 6 6 Makerere University Makerere University Uganda 4 4 7 NaCRRI National Crops Resources Research Institute of NaroUganda 18 18 8 AVRDC The World Vegetable Center Taiwan 1,084 1,084 9 MCGILL MCGill University Canada 49 49 10 CREADIS Community Research in Environment and DevelopmKenya 9 9 11 ARDAP Appropriate Rural Development Agriculture Program Kenya 10 10 12 PATH Program for Appropriate Technology in Health USA 15 15 13 SINA SINA Gerard / Enterprise URWIBUTSO Rwanda 3 3 14 YWCA Young Women's Christian Association of Rwanda Rwanda 12 12 15 IMBARAGA IMBARAGA Farmers Organization Rwanda 11 11 Total for Center 49 1,084 181 - 1253 27 CGIAR TEMPLATE: L211 Report L211 5. ICRAF Actual Expenses - This Year Item Institute Acronym Institute Name Country Windows Window 3 Bilateral Center Funds TOTAL 1&2 1 INN Instituto de investigacion Peru 50 50 2 IKUAT Jome Kenyatta Univeirsty of Agricutlure and Techno Kenya 1 1 3 Other Partners costs 11 11 4 KARI Kenya Agricutlrual Resarch Isnitue Kenya 12 12 5 Total for Center 62 12 - - 74 6. ICRISAT Actual Expenses - This Year Item Institute Acronym Institute Name Country Windows Window 3 Bilateral Center Funds TOTAL 1&2 GENOTYPIC Genotypic in Bangalore, India India 24 0 0 0 24 ZARI Zambia Agriculture Research Institute. Zimbabwe 12 0 0 0 12 Institute of Oil and Oil Plants (IOOP), HoChi Minh 5 0 0 0 5 IOOP City, Viet Nam Vietnam DGR Directorate of Groundnut Reasearch (DGR) India 4 0 0 0 4 UAS university of agricultural sciences, raichur India 4 0 0 0 4 AFEC Accion Fraterna Ecology Centre India 4 0 0 0 4 TNAU Tamilnadu Agricultural University (TNAU) India 3 0 0 0 3 Fédération des unions des producteurs de Maradi  2 0 0 0 2 FUMA Niger Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University 1 0 0 0 1 ANGRAU (ANGRAU) India ADAF ADAF-GALLE 1 0 0 0 1 Ajeet Seeds Ltd INDIA 0 1 0 0 1 Bayer BioScience Pvt. Ltd INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 Hytech Seed India Pvt. Ltd INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 J K Agri Genetics Limited INDIA 0 5 0 0 5 JAU Junagadh Agricultural University INDIA 0 4 0 0 4 Kaveri Seeds Private Limited INDIA 0 3 0 0 3 Kesar Enterprises Ltd INDIA 0 1 0 0 1 Metahelix Lifesciences Pvt. Ltd INDIA 0 4 0 0 4 Nirmal Seeds Pvt. Ltd INDIA 0 3 0 0 3 Nuziveedu Seeds Limited INDIA 0 3 0 0 3 Pioneer Overseas Corporation INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 Ajeet Seeds INDIA 0 0 0 0 0 Bayer Bio Science INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 Bioseed Research India Private Limited INDIA 0 5 0 0 5 CCHAU CCS Haryana Agricultural University INDIA 0 17 0 0 17 DeVGen Seeds and Crop Technology Private 0 6 0 0 6 Limited INDIA Ganga Kaveri Seeds Private Limited INDIA 0 6 0 0 6 Hytech Seeds INDIA 0 3 0 0 3 JK Agricultural INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 Kaveri Seeds INDIA 0 4 0 0 4 KAZEMBE-2014/06/HKAZ/230 MALAWI 0 0 9 0 9 Kesar Enterprises INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 Metalix INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 Nirmal Seeds INDIA 0 1 0 0 1 Nuziveedu Seeds INDIA 0 1 0 0 1 Pioneer Seeds INDIA 0 2 0 0 2 Shakti Vardhak Hybrid Seeds Pvt Ltd INDIA 0 1 0 0 1 SKNAU Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University INDIA 0 5 0 0 5 Total for Center 61 89 9 0 158 28 ANNEXES Annex 1. CRP indicators of progress, with glossary and targets CRPs Indicator Glossary/guidelines for defining and measuring Deviation 2013 2014 2015 concerned the indicator, and description of what the CRP narrative* by this includes in the indicator measured, based upon indicator the glossary Target Actual Target Actual Target KNOWLEDGE, TOOLS, DATA All 1. Number of flagship See documentation in Annex 1a * 13 7 8 15 12 “products” produced by CRP All 2. % of flagship products See documentation in Annex 1a 0% 43% 67% 40% 40% produced that have explicit target of women farmers/NRM managers All 3. % of flagship products See documentation in Annex 1a 0% 29% 50% 40% 30% produced that have been assessed for likely gender- disaggregated impact All 4. Number of ”tools” See documentation in Annex 1a 26 20 22 22 15 produced by CRP All 5. % of tools that have an See documentation in Annex 1a 46% 55% 67% 27% 40% explicit target of women farmers All 6. % of tools assessed for See documentation in Annex 1a 12% 5% 50% 22% 20% likely gender-disaggregated impact All 7. Number of open access Databases include (not exhaustive): food * 3 5 7 10 8 databases maintained by CRP composition tables, fruit trees, delivery of biofortified crops, biorepository, country-level data for Global Hunger Index, and country-level data for Global Nutrition Report All 8. Total number of users of unknown unknown unknown unknown unknow these open access databases n All 9. Number of publications in See documentation in Annex 1b * 72 93 115 137 120 ISI journals produced by CRP 1,2,3, 4, 6 10. Number of strategic value Animal source food value chains: * 14 25 25 33 20 chains analyzed by CRP Pork value chain in Uganda Pork value chain in Vietnam 29 Pork chain in Nagaland, India Ready to eat chicken value chain in South Africa Informal dairy chain in Assam, India Dairy chain in Ethiopia Poultry chain in Ethiopia Small ruminant value chain in Ethiopia Dairy chain in Kenya Dairy value chain in Tanzania Tilapia value chain in Egypt Milk in India Milk in Senegal Small dried fish in Bangladesh Biofortified crop value chains: Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) processed product value chain in Rwanda HarvestPlus OFSP planting material value chain, southern Bangladesh OFSP root marketing system, southern Bangladesh-Dhaka OFSP in Uganda Iron beans in Uganda Iron beans in Guatemala Fruit and vegetable value chains: Rural fruit value chain in Kenya Baobab value chain in Kenya Hmong apple value chain in Vietnam Vegetables in Bangladesh Vegetables in India Vegetables in South Africa Other value chains: Maize in Kenya Maize in Nigeria Cassava chips and flour in Rwanda Cassava chips and flour in Tanzania Pulses in India Groundnuts in Ghana Infant foods in 22 countries 30 CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT AND INNOVATION PLATFORMS All 13. Number of trainees in Training topics (not exhaustive): productivity, * 10,148 39,273 40,600 174,500 50,000 short-term programs processing and value addition, application of facilitated by CRP (male) new technologies, business management, nutrition education, risk assessment, gender, and understanding and supporting enabling environments for nutrition and health All 14. Number of trainees in Same as above. * 10,116 50,732 50,650 172,990 50,000 short-term programs facilitated by CRP (female) All 15. Number of trainees in Not all were specified. * 20 48 50 73 50 long-term programs facilitated by CRP (male) All 16.Number of trainees in Not all were specified. * 15 80 70 107 50 long-term programs facilitated by CRP (female) TECHNOLOGIES/PRACTICES IN VARIOUS STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT All 18. Number of See documentation in Annex 1a 175,007 150,018 150,010 150,038 150,000 technologies/NRM practices under research in the CRP (Phase I) All 19. % of technologies under See documentation in Annex 1a 0% 0% 50% Less than 0% research that have an explicit 1% target of women farmers All 20. % of technologies under See documentation in Annex 1a 0% 0% 50% Less than 0% research that have been 1% assessed for likely gender- disaggregated impact All, except 23. Number of technologies Technologies (not exhaustive): mechanical and * 1,209 1,050 1,000 1,031 1,000 2 /NRM practices field tested physical (maize dryers), biological (aflasafe, new (phase II) varieties of staples and fruits, vaccines), chemical (insecticide treated nets), and management and cultural practices (OFSP vine distribution system, integrated ag-nutrition- health intervention) Geographical locations: Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, 31 Nigeria, Peru, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda, and Sub Saharan Africa All, except 27.Number of Technologies: release of new varieties; 6 16 19 19 15 2 technologies/NRM practices commercialized OFSP-based products; aflasafe released by public and private products approved for use; and biogas for sector partners globally abattoirs in use (phase III) Geographical locations: Bangladesh, India, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, POLICIES IN VARIOUS STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT All 28. Numbers of Policies/ Type of policies/regulations/administrative * 59 12 15 27 15 Regulations/ Administrative procedures related to: agricultural resource, Procedures food, market standards and regulation, public Analyzed (Stage 1) investment, and natural resource of water management All 29. Number of policies / Type of policies/regulations/administrative 2 6 7 7 5 regulations / administrative procedures related to: agricultural resource, procedures drafted and food, market standards and regulation, and presented for public investment public/stakeholder consultation (Stage 2) Geographical locations: global, East Africa; Rwanda, Vietnam, and India All 30. Number of policies / Type of policies/regulations/administrative 1 1 1 1 1 regulations / administrative procedures related to: agricultural resource, procedures presented for food, and public investment legislation(Stage 3) Geographical location: Nigeria All 31. Number of policies / Type of policies/regulations/administrative * 1 1 1 4 1 regulations / administrative procedures related to: agricultural resource, procedures prepared food, and public investment passed/approved (Stage 4) Geographical locations: Ethiopia, Pakistan, and Rwanda All 32. Number of policies / 0 0 1 0 0 regulations / administrative procedures passed for which implementation has begun (Stage 5) 32 OUTCOMES ON THE GROUND All 33. Number of hectares under New and continuing in Nigeria, Rwanda, and unknown 231 unknown 7,408 unknow improved technologies or Zambia n management practices as a result of CRP research All 34. Number of farmers and 34 (a) number of women farmers concerned 304,600 Total: Total: Total: 1,000,00 others who have applied new 34(b) number of male farmers concerned 645,075 1,128,200 1,089,13 0 technologies or management 9 practices as a result of CRP 5,075 18,200 research 1,000 10,000 Deviation narrative: An (*) indicates indicators where the actual exceeds the target by at least 10%. This is explained by improved reporting procedures in A4NH. 33 Annex 1a. Additional documentation (Indicators 2, 3, 5, 6, 19, 20) 1. …flagship “products” produced by CRP 2. … have 3. … have been explicit target assessed for of women likely gender- farmers/ NRM disaggregated managers impact Promotion of the concept “Convergent Innovation for Food Systems” in two journals a series of workshops in India and Canada No No Zinc rice fully deployed in Bangladesh No Yes Zinc wheat test marketed in India No Yes Strategic gender assessment Yes No Biofortification Priority Index No No 2nd Global Conference on Biofortification in Rwanda and associated products No No Innovative marketing strategies to promote biofortified crops, such as music videos in Rwanda and films in Nigeria No No Food Safety and Informal Markets book Yes No Interactive livestock distribution maps on geo-wiki No No Publication and launch of the Global Nutrition Report and related products Yes No Together for Nutrition Conference in India and associated products Yes No HANCI products - The Hunger and Nutrition Commitment Index (HANCI 2013): Measuring the Political Commitment to Reduce Hunger Yes Yes and Undernutrition in Developing Countries, new primary research from 6 countries, and The 2013 HANCI Donor Report Publication on linear growth deficit beyond the 1,000 days in Journal of Nutrition No Yes Publication on link between increasing income and associated changes in diet, unhealthy weight gain and child growth in Journal of No Yes Nutrition Measuring Progress toward Empowerment, a cross country baseline report based on analyses of the WEAI in 13 Feed the Future Yes Yes Initiative countries 4. …tools produced by CRP 5. … have 6. … assessed explicit target for likely of women gender- farmers/NRM disaggregated managers impact Identification of 15 potential indicators for sustainable diets and food systems No No Manual, plus fact sheets, poster, brochure, and seasonal food availability calendars for nutrition training on complementary feeding and Yes Yes diversifying diets through locally available resources for community health workers in Kenya Adapted methodology guide, Innovation and Development through Transformation of Gender Norms in Agriculture and Natural Yes Yes Resource Management Suite of resources describing the nutrition-sensitive landscape approach No Yes Flyers on OFSP and vegetables developed for use in Bangladesh Yes No Set of training manuals on fruit processing and fruit tree propagation in Kenya, plus a ‘seeds of nutrition’ kit with seeds and nutrition Yes No and health information, tailored to female farmers in Kenya Typology: understanding the context for agriculture and nutrition research No No 34 Training manuals, plus brochures and guides for farmers and processors to raise awareness of East African standards for cassava and No No potato and associated processed products and improve quality assurance Manual on procedures for sampling and sample preparation of sweet potato roots and potato tubers for mineral analysis; used in No No training course at Rwanda Agriculture Board Manual on procedures for chemical analysis of potato and sweet potato samples at CIP’s quality and nutrition lab; used in training course No No at Rwanda Agriculture Board Orange maize info guide for Zambia No No Orange maize training manual for Zambia No No Cassava seed production guide for DRC No No Cassava disease and pest identification manual for DRC No No Agronomic manual guide for DRC No No Guide for biocontrol application in Nigeria No No Mycotoxin training manual and video No No Decision support tool to predict risk of HPAI No No Decision support tools for Rift Valley fever No No Dichotomous indicator for Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women Yes Yes Counseling cards for nurses in Kenya, Mama SASHA Yes Yes Bibliography/toolkit providing guidelines and lessons on how research can engage in and influence outcomes of cross-sector policy No No processes (joint output with PIM) 18. Number of technologies/NRM practices under research in the CRP (Phase I) 19. … have an 20. …have been explicit target assessed for of women likely gender- farmers disaggregated impact OFSP adapted varieties for southern Bangladesh No Yes 12 Varieties of 8 species of fruit trees for Kenya No No Development and acceptability trials of two nutritious fish-based food products; a chutney for pregnant and lactating women and a Yes Yes complementary food for infants and young children in Bangladesh 150,000 lines of biofortified crops in on-station testing No No Qualitative lateral flow strip for aflatoxin B1 in groundnuts tested in the lab No No 2 aflasafe biocontrol products (Aflasafe ZM01 and Aflasafe ZM02) No No 11 pro-vitamin A enriched hybrids selected, multiplied and supplied to CRI to support trials in Ghana and Nigeria No No pro-vitamin A-rich synthetics identified from regional trials, multiplied, supplied to partners to support trials in Nigeria No No Biocontrol for aflatoxins in food and feed in Kenya No No application of animal vaccination and optimizing delivery No No optimising integrated disease control No No 35 Annex 1b. List of A4NH 2014 ISI publications (Indicator 9) Flagship List of 2014 ISI Publications Value Chains for 1. Allen, T., Prosperi, P., Cogill, B., & Flichman, G. (2014). Agricultural biodiversity, social–ecological systems and sustainable diets. Proceedings of the Nutrition Enhanced Nutrition Society, 73(04), 498-508. 2. Belton B, van Asseldonk JM, Thilsted SH (2014). Faltering fisheries and ascendant aquaculture: Implications for food and nutrition security in Bangladesh. Food Policy, 44, 77-87. 3. Boedecker, J., Termote, C., Assogbadjo, A. E., Van Damme, P., & Lachat, C. (2014). Dietary contribution of Wild Edible Plants to women’s diets in the buffer zone around the Lama forest, Benin–an underutilized potential. Food Security, 6(6), 833-849. 4. De Brauw, A., & Eozenou, P. (2014). Measuring risk attitudes among Mozambican farmers. Journal of Development Economics, 111, 61-74. 5. Dubé, L., Jha, S., Faber, A., Struben, J., London, T., Mohapatra, A., ... & McDermott, J. (2014). Convergent innovation for sustainable economic growth and affordable universal health care: innovating the way we innovate. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1331(1), 119-141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12548 6. Jha, S. K., McDermott, J., Bacon, G., Lannon, C., Joshi, P. K., & Dubé, L. (2014). Convergent innovation for affordable nutrition, health, and health care: the global pulse roadmap. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1331(1), 142-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12543 7. Johnston, J. L., Fanzo, J. C., & Cogill, B. (2014). Understanding sustainable diets: a descriptive analysis of the determinants and processes that influence diets and their impact on health, food security, and environmental sustainability. Advances in Nutrition: An International Review Journal, 5(4), 418-429. 8. Termote, C., Raneri, J., Deptford, A., & Cogill, B. (2014). Assessing the potential of wild foods to reduce the cost of a nutritionally adequate diet: An example from eastern Baringo District, Kenya. Food & Nutrition Bulletin, 35(4), 458-479. 9. Wiehle M., Goenster S., Gebauer J., Mohamed S.A., Buerkert A., Kehlenbeck K. (2014). Effects of transformation processes on plant species diversity in homegardens of the Nuba Mountains, Sudan. Agroforestry Systems 88: 539-562. 10. Wiehle M., Prinz K., Kehlenbeck K., Goenster S., Mohamed S.A., Buerkert A., Gebauer J. (2014). The role of homegardens and forest ecosystems for domestication and conservation of Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Willd. in the Nuba Mountains, Sudan. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 61: 1491-1506. 11. Wiehle M., Prinz K., Kehlenbeck K., Goenster S., Mohamed S.A., Finkeldey R., Buerkert A., Gebauer J. (2014) The African Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) – morphological and genetic variability of a neglected population in the Nuba Mountains, Sudan. American Journal of Botany 101: 1498-1507. Biofortification 12. Aciksoz, SB; Ozturk, L; Yazici, A; Cakmak, I. 2014. Inclusion of urea in a 59FeEDTA solution stimulated leaf penetration and translocation of 59Fe within wheat plants. Physiologia Plantarum. 151(3): 348-357. 13. Bresnahan, KA; Chileshe, J; Arscott, S; Nuss, E; Surles, R; Masi, C; Kafwembe, E; Tanumihardjo, SA. 2014. The Acute Phase Response Affected Traditional Measures of Micronutrient Status in Rural Zambian Children during a Randomized, Controlled Feeding Trial. The Journal of Nutrition. 44(6): 972-978. 14. De Moura, FF; Palmer, AC; Finkelstein, JL; Haas, JD; Murray-Kolb, LE; Wenger, MJ; Birol, E; Boy, E; Pena-Rosas, JP. 2014. Are Biofortified Staple Food Crops Improving Vitamin A and Iron Status in Women and Children? New Evidence from Efficacy Trials. Advances in Nutrition. 5(5): 568-570. 15. Fan, Huajie; Zhang, Zhaoliang; Wang, Ning; Cui, Yan; Sun, Hua; Liu, Yi; Wu, Huilan; Zheng, Shusong; Bao, S; Ling, H-Q. 2014. SKB1/PRMT5-mediated histone H4R3 dimethylation of Ib subgroup bHLH genes negatively regulates iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal. 77(2): 209-221. 16. Fiedler, JL; Afidra, R; Mugambi, G; Tehinse, J; Kabaghe, G; Zulu, R; Lividini, K; Smitz, M-F; Jallier, V; Guyondet, C; Bermudez, O. 2014. Maize flour fortification in Africa: markets, feasibility, coverage, and costs. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1312(1): 26-39 17. Guzman, C; Medina-Larque, AS; Velu, G; Gonzalez-Santoyo, H; Singh, RP; Huerta-Espino, J; Ortiz-Monasterio, I; Pena, RJ. 2014. Use of wheat genetic resources to develop biofortified wheat with enhanced grain zinc and iron concentrations and desirable processing quality. Journal of Cereal Science. 60(3): 617-622. 18. Hogh-Jensen, H; Kamalongo, D; Ngwira, A; Myaka, FA. 2014. Yields And Quality Of Phaseolus Bean Cultivars Under Farmers' Conditions In Eastern And Southern Africa. Experimental Agriculture. 50(2): 178-190. 19. Kyriacou, B; Moore, KL; Paterson, D; de Jonge, MD; Howard, DL; Stangoulis, J; Tester, M; Lombi, E; Johnson, AAT. 2014. Localization of iron in rice grain using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy and high resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry. Journal of Cereal Science. 59(2): 173-180. 20. La Frano, MR; de Moura, FF; Boy, E; Lönnerdal, B; Burri, BJ. 2014. Bioavailability of iron, zinc, and provitamin A carotenoids in biofortified staple crops. Nutrition Reviews. 72(5): 289-307. 36 21. Menkir, A; Gedil, M; Tanumihardjo, S; Adepoju, A; Bossey, B. 2014. Carotenoid accumulation and agronomic performance of maize hybrids involving parental combinations from different marker-based groups. Food Chemistry. 148: 131-137. 22. Mugode, L., Ha, B., Kaunda, A., Sikombe, T., Phiri, S., Mutale, R., ... & De Moura, F. F. (2014). Carotenoid Retention of Biofortified Provitamin A Maize (Zea mays L.) after Zambian Traditional Methods of Milling, Cooking and Storage. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 62(27), 6317-6325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf501233f 23. Oliva, N; Chadha-Mohanty, P; Poletti, S; Abrigo, E; Atienza, G; Torrizo, L; Garcia, R; Duenas, C; Poncio, M; Balindong, J; Manzanilla, M; Montecillo, F; Zaidem, M; Barry, G; Herve, P; Shou, H; Slamet-Loedin, IH. 2014. Large-scale production and evaluation of marker-free indica rice IR64 expressing phytoferritin genes. Molecular Breeding. 33(1): 23-37. 24. Paget, M; Amoros, W; Salas, E; Eyzaguirre, R; Alspach, P; Apiolaza, L; Noble, A; Bonierbale, M. 2014. Genetic Evaluation of Micronutrient Traits in Diploid Potato from a Base Population of Andean Landrace Cultivars. Crop Science. 54(5): 1949-1959. 25. Petry, Nicolai; Egli, Ines; Gahutu, Jean B.; Tugirimana, Pierrot L.; Boy, Erick; and Hurrell, Richard. 2014. Phytic acid concentration influences iron bioavailability from biofortified beans in Rwandese women with low iron status. Journal of Nutrition 144(11): 1681-1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.192989 26. Pillay, K; Siwela, M; Derera, J; Veldman, FJ. 2014. Provitamin A carotenoids in biofortified maize and their retention during processing and preparation of South African maize foods. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 51(4): 634-644. 27. Pucher, A; Hogh-Jensen, H; Gondah, J; Hash, CT; Haussmann, BIG. 2014. Micronutrient Density and Stability in West African Pearl Millet-Potential for Biofortification. Crop Science. 54(4): 1709-1720 28. Rabbi, I., Hamblin, M., Gedil, M., Kulakow, P., Ferguson, M., Ikpan, A. S., ... & Jannink, J. L. (2014). Genetic Mapping Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing in the Clonally Propagated Cassava. Crop Science, 54(4), 1384-1396. 29. Sanchez, T; Ceballos, H; Dufour, D; Ortiz, D; Morante, N; Calle, F; Zum Felde, T; Davrieux, F. 2014. Prediction of carotenoids, cyanide and dry matter contents in fresh cassava root using NIRS and Hunter color techniques. Food Chemistry. 151: 444-451. 30. Schmaelzle, S; Gannon, B; Crawford, S; Arscott, SA; Goltz, S; Palacios-Rojas, N; Pixley, KV; Simon, PW; Tanumihardjo, SA. 2014. Maize Genotype and Food Matrix Affect the Provitamin A Carotenoid Bioefficacy from Staple and Carrot-Fortified Feeds in Mongolian Gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 62(1): 136-143 31. Smale, Melinda; Birol, Ekin; and Asare-Marfo, Dorene. 2014. Smallholder Demand for Maize Hybrids in Zambia: How Far do Seed Subsidies Reach? Journal of Agricultural Economics 65(2): 349-367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12046 32. Suwarno, WB; Pixley, KV; Palacios-Rojas, N; Kaeppler, SM; Babu, R. 2014. Formation of Heterotic Groups and Understanding Genetic Effects in a Provitamin A Biofortified Maize Breeding Program. Crop Science. 54(1): 14-24. 33. Zarina, Y; Paltridge, N; Graham, R; Huynh, Bao- Lam; Stangoulis, J. 2014. Measuring genotypic variation in wheat seed iron first requires stringent protocols to minimize soil iron contamination. Crop Science. 54(1): 255-264. 34. Zhang, Y; Wu, H; Wang, N; Fan, H; Chen, C; Cui, Y; Liu, H; Ling, H-Q. 2014. Mediator subunit 16 functions in the regulation of iron uptake gene expression in Arabidopsis. New Phytologist. 203(3): 770-783. Agriculture- 35. Abass, A., Ndunguru, G., Mamiro, P. *., Alenkhe, B., Mlingi, N. & Bekunda, M. (2014) Post-harvest food losses in a maize-based farming system of semi-arid Associated Diseases savannah area of Tanzania. Journal of Stored Products Research, 57. 49— 57. 36. Amenu K, Spengler M, Markemann A and Zárate AV. 2014. Microbial quality of water in rural households of Ethiopia: Implications for milk safety and public health. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition 32(2): 190-197. http://www.jhpn.net/index.php/jhpn/article/view/2614/1023 37. Anitha, S., Raghunadharao, D., Waliyar, F., Sudini, H., Parveen, M., Rao, R., & Kumar, P. L. (2014). The association between exposure to aflatoxin, mutation in TP53, infection with hepatitis B virus, and occurrence of liver disease in a selected population in Hyderabad, India. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 766, 23-28. 38. Atehnkeng, J., Ojiambo, P. +., Cotty, P. & Bandyopadhyay, R. (2014) Field efficacy of a mixture of atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Link: Fr vegetative compatibility groups in preventing aflatoxin contamination in maize (Zea mays L.). Biological Control, 72. 62— 70. 39. Birol, E., Karandikar, B., Roy, D., & Torero, M. (2014). Information, Certification and Demand for Food Safety: Evidence from an In‐store Experiment in Mumbai. Journal of Agricultural Economics. doi: 10.1111/1477-9552.12089 40. Boqvist S, Dekker A, Depner K, Grace D, Hueston W, Stärk KDC and Sternberg-Lewerin S. 2014. Contagious animal diseases: The science behind trade policies and standards. The Veterinary Journal 202(1): 7-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.06.020 37 41. Castelino JM, Dominguez-Salas P, Routledge MN, Prentice AM, Moore SE, Hennig BJ, Wild CP and Gong YY. 2014. Seasonal and gestation-stage associated differences in aflatoxin exposure in pregnant Gambian women. Tropical Medicine and International Health 19(3):348-354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12250 42. Chotinun S, Rojanasthien S, Unger F, Tadee P and Patchanee P. 2014. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from carcasses, processing facilities and the environment surrounding small scale poultry slaughterhouses in Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 45(6): 1392-1400. http://www.tm.mahidol.ac.th/seameo/2014-45-6-abstract/16-627110.pdf 43. Corman VM, Jores J, Meyer B, Younan M, Liljander A, Said MY, Gluecks I, Lattwein E, Bosch B-J, Drexler JF, Bornstein S, Drosten C and Müller MA. 2014. Antibodies against MERS coronavirus in dromedary camels, Kenya, 1992–2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases 20(8). http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2008.140596 44. Custer B, Koné B, Kouassi E, Ontiri E, Watts P and Yi Z-F. 2014. News from the IAEH. EcoHealth 11(3): 286-289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-014-0957-4 45. Dewey C, Bottoms K, Carter N and Richardson K. 2014. A qualitative study to identify potential biosecurity risks associated with feed delivery. Journal of Swine Health and Production 22(5): 232-243. http://www.aasv.org/shap/issues/v22n5/v22n5p232.html 46. Dione MM, Ouma EA, Roesel K, Kungu J, Lule P and Pezo D. 2014. Participatory assessment of animal health and husbandry practices in smallholder pig production systems in three high poverty districts in Uganda. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 117(3-4): 565-576. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.10.012 47. Ezekiel, C. N., Atehnkeng, J., Odebode, A. C. *. & Bandyopadhyay, R. (2014) Distribution of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus section Flavi in commercial poultry feed in Nigeria. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 189. 18— 25. 48. Ezekiel, C. N., Warth, B., Ogara, I. *., Abia, W. *., Ezekiel, V. *., Atehnkeng, J., Sulyok, M., Turner, P., Tayo, G. *., Krska, R. & Bandyopadhyay, R. (2014) Mycotoxin exposure in rural residents in northern Nigeria: A pilot study using multi-urinary biomarkers. Environment International, 66. 138— 145. 49. Fadiga ML and Katjiuongua HB. 2014. Issues and strategies in ex-post evaluation of intervention against animal disease outbreaks and spread. Food Policy 49(2): 418-424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.10.007 50. Fahrion AS, Jamir L, Richa K, Begum S, Rutsa V, Ao S, Padmakumar VP, Deka RP and Grace D. 2014. Food-safety hazards in the pork chain in Nagaland, North East India: Implications for human health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11(1): 403-417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110100403 51. Gelan A and Omore A. 2014. Beyond tariffs: The role of non-tariff barriers in dairy trade in the East African Community free trade area. Development Policy Review 32(5): 523–543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12071 52. Gibbons CL, Mangen M-JJ, Plass D, Havelaar AH, Brooke RJ, Kramarz P, Peterson KL, Stuurman AL, Cassini A, Fèvre EM and Kretzschmar MEE. 2014. Measuring underreporting and under-ascertainment in infectious disease datasets: A comparison of methods. BMC Public Health 14: 147. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-14-147.pdf 53. Gilbert M, Golding N, Zhou H, Wint GRW, Robinson TP, Tatem AJ, Lai S, Zhou S, Jiang H, Guo D, Huang Z, Messina JP Xiao X, Linard C, Van Boeckel TP, Martin V, Bhatt S, Gething PW, Farrar JJ, Hay SI and Yu H. 2014. Predicting the risk of avian influenza A H7N9 infection in live-poultry markets across Asia. Nature Communications 5: 4116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5116 54. Grace D. 2014. The business case for One Health. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research 81(2), Art. #725, 6 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ojvr.v81i2.725 55. Hackett F, Berrang Ford L, Fèvre EM and Simarro P. 2014. Incorporating scale dependence in disease burden estimates: The case of human African trypanosomiasis in Uganda. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8(2): e2704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002704 56. Hamidou, F., Rathore, A., Waliyar, F., & Vadez, V. (2014). Although drought intensity increases aflatoxin contamination, drought tolerance does not lead to less aflatoxin contamination. Field Crops Research, 156, 103-110. 57. Hoffmann, V., & Gatobu, K. M. (2014). Growing their own: Unobservable quality and the value of self-provisioning. Journal of Development Economics, 106, 168- 178. 58. Hotez PJ, Alvarado M, Basáñez M-G, Bolliger I, Bourne R, Boussinesq M, Brooker SJ, Brown AS, Buckle G, Budke CM, Carabin H, Coffeng LE, Fèvre EM, Fürst T, Halasa YA, Jasrasaria R, Johns NE, Keiser J, King CH, Lozano R, Murdoch ME, O'Hanlon S, Pion SDS, Pullan RL, Ramaiah KD, Roberts T, Shepard DS, Smith JL, Stolk WA, Undurraga EA, Utzinger J, Wang M, Murray CJL and Naghavi M. 2014. The global burden of disease study 2010: Interpretation and implications for the neglected tropical diseases. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 8(7): e2865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002865 38 59. Kanyima BM, Båge R, Owiny DO, Ntallaris T, Lindahl J, Magnusson U and Nassuna-Musoke MG. 2014. Husbandry factors and the resumption of luteal activity in open and zero-grazed dairy cows in urban and peri-urban Kampala, Uganda. Reproduction in Domestic Animals 49(4): 673-678. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/rda.12346/full 60. Knight-Jones TJD, Bulut AN, Gubbins S, Stärk KDC, Pfeiffer DU, Sumption KJ and Paton DJ. 2014. Randomised field trial to evaluate serological response after foot-and-mouth disease vaccination in Turkey. Vaccine. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.12.010 61. Kouamé PK, Dongo K, Nguyen-Viet H, Zurbrügg C, Lüthi C, Hattendorf J, Utzinger J, Biémi J and Bonfoh B. 2014. Ecohealth approach to urban waste management: Exposure to environmental pollutants and health risks in Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11(10): 10292-10309. www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/11/10/10292 62. Levy M, Dewey C, Weersink A, Mutua F, Carter N and Poljak Z. 2014. Evaluating critical factors to the economic feasibility of semi-intensive pig rearing in western Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production 46(5): 797-808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0568-7 63. Lwande OW, Venter M, Lutomiah J, Michuki G, Rumberia C, Gakuya F, Obanda V, Tigoi C, Odhiambo C, Nindo F and Sang R. 2014. Genetic diversity of West Nile virus isolated from the tick, Rhipicephalus pulchellus, in Kenya. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 21(Suppl. 1): 229–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.899 64. Lwande O, Venter M, Lutomiah J, Michuki G, Rumberia C, Gakuya F, Obanda V, Tigoi C, Odhiambo C, Nindo F, Symekher S and Sang R. 2014. Whole genome phylogenetic investigation of a West Nile virus strain isolated from a tick sampled from livestock in north eastern Kenya. Parasites & Vectors 7: 542. http://www.parasitesandvectors.com/content/7/1/542 65. Maurice, John, 2014, Of pigs and people—WHO prepares to battle cysticercosis, The Lancet, 384 , (9943) , 571 – 572, http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(14)61353-2/fulltext 66. Mc Laws M, Priyono W, Bett B, Al-Qamar S, Claassen I, Widiastuti T, Poole J, Schoonman L, Jost C and Mariner J. 2014. Antibody response and risk factors for seropositivity in backyard poultry following mass vaccination against highly pathogenic avian influenza and Newcastle disease in Indonesia. Epidemiology and Infection. FirstView Article, 11 pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268814002623 67. Müller MA, Corman VM, Jores J, Meyer B, Younan M, Liljander A, Bosch B-J, Lattwein E, Hilali M, Musa BE, Bornstein S and Drosten C. 2014. MERS coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in camels, eastern Africa, 1983–1997. Emerging Infectious Diseases 20(12). http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2012.141026 68. Mutiga, S. K., Were, V., Hoffmann, V., Harvey, J. W., Milgroom, M. G., & Nelson, R. J. (2014). Extent and drivers of mycotoxin contamination: inferences from a survey of Kenyan maize mills. Phytopathology, 104(11), 1221-1231. 69. Nguyen V, Nguyen-Viet H, Pham-Duc P, Stephen C and McEwen SA. 2014. Identifying the impediments and enablers of ecohealth for a case study on health and environmental sanitation in Hà Nam, Vietnam. Infectious Diseases of Poverty 3: 36. http://www.idpjournal.com/content/3/1/36 70. Nguyen V, Nguyen-Viet H, Pham-Duc P and Wiese M. 2014. Scenario planning for community development in Vietnam: a new tool for integrated health approaches? Global Health Action 7: 24482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v7.24482 71. Nsadha Z, Thomas LF, Fèvre EM, Nasinyama G, Ojok L and Waiswa C. 2014. Prevalence of porcine cysticercosis in the Lake Kyoga Basin, Uganda. BMC Veterinary Research 10: 239. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/10/239/abstract 72. Oguttu JW, McCrindle CME, Makita K and Grace D. 2014. Investigation of the food value chain of ready-to-eat chicken and the associated risk for staphylococcal food poisoning in Tshwane Metropole, South Africa. Food Control 45: 87-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.04.026 73. Okello A, Ash A, Keokhamphet C, Hobbs E, Khamlome B, Dorny P, Thomas L and Allen J. 2014. Investigating a hyper-endemic focus of Taenia solium in northern Lao PDR. Parasites & Vectors 7: 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-134 74. Perrone, G., Haidukowsky, M., Stea, G., Epifani, F., Bandyopadhyay, R., Leslie, J. & Logrieco, A. (2014) Population structure and Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus Sect. Flavi from maize in Nigeria and Ghana. Food Microbiology, 41. 52— 59. 75. Pham-Duc P, Nguyen-Viet H, Hattendorf J, Cam PD, Zurbrügg C, Zinsstag J and Odermatt P. Diarrhoeal diseases among adult population in an agricultural community Hanam province, Vietnam, with high wastewater and excreta re-use. BMC Public Health 14: 978. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471- 2458/14/978 39 76. Probst, C., Bandyopadhyay, R. & Cotty, P. (2014) Diversity of aflatoxin-producing fungi and their impact on food safety in sub-Saharan Africa. IN International Journal of Food Microbiology, 174. 113— 122. 77. Qekwana DN, McCrindle CME and Oguttu JW. 2014. Designing a risk communication strategy for health hazards posed by traditional slaughter of goats in Tshwane, South Africa. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 85(1), Art. #1035, 4 pages. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v85i1.1035 78. Robinson TP, Wint GRW, Conchedda G, Van Boeckel TP, Ercoli V, Palamara E, Cinardi G, D’Aietti L, Hay SI and Gilbert M. 2014. Mapping the global distribution of livestock. PLOS ONE 9(5): e96084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096084. 79. Saint-Charles J, Webb J, Sanchez A, Mallee H, van Wendel de Joode B and Nguyen-Viet H. 2014. Ecohealth as a field: Looking forward. EcoHealth. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-014-0930-2 80. Shaw APM, Wint GRW, Cecchi G, Mattioli RC and Robinson TP. 2014. Mapping the economic benefits to livestock keepers from intervening against bovine trypanosomosis in Eastern Africa. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 113(2): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.10.024 81. Sindato C, Karimuribo ED, Pfeiffer DU, Mboera LEG, Kivaria F, Dautu G, Bett B and Paweska JT. 2014. Spatial and temporal pattern of Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Tanzania; 1930 to 2007. PLoS ONE 9(2): e88897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088897 82. Sudini, H., Rao, G. R., Gowda, C. L. L., Chandrika, R., Margam, V., Rathore, A., & Murdock, L. L. (2014). Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags for safe storage of groundnuts. Journal of Stored Products Research. 83. Sulyok M., Beed F., Boni S., Abass A., Mukunzi A. & Krska R. (2014): Quantitation of multiples and cyanogenic glucosides in cassava samples from Tanzania and Rwanda by an LCMS/MS-based multi-toxin method, Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2014 84. Torgerson PR, de Silva NR, Fèvre EM, Kasuga F, Rokni MB, Zhou X-N, Sripa B, Gargouri N, Willingham AL and Stein C. 2014. The global burden of foodborne parasitic diseases: An update. Trends in Parasitology 30(1): 20-26. http://www.cell.com/trends/parasitology/abstract/S1471-4922%2813%2900191-8 85. Tung Bui Huy, Tran Thi Tuyet-Hanh, Johnston R and Nguyen-Viet H. 2014. Assessing health risk due to exposure to arsenic in drinking water in Hanam Province, Vietnam. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11(8): 7575–7591. http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/11/8/7575 86. Usui M, Ozawa S, Onozato H, Kuge R, Obata Y, Uemae T, Ngoc PT, Heriyanto A, Chalemchaikit T, Makita K, Muramatsu Y and Tamura Y. 2014. Antimicrobial susceptibility of indicator bacteria isolated from chickens in Southeast Asian countries (Vietnam, Indonesia, and Thailand). Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 76(5): 685-692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.13-0423 87. Waliyar, F., Osiru, M., Ntare, B. R., Kumar, K. V. K., Sudini, H., Traore, A., & Diarra, B. (2014). Post-harvest management of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut. World Mycotoxin Journal, 1-8. 88. Wesonga FD, Gachohi JM, Kitala PM, Gathuma JM and Njenga MJ. 2014. Theileria parva infection seroprevalence and associated risk factors in cattle in Machakos County, Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production. Online First http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0690-6 89. Yapo R, Koné B, Bonfoh B, Cissé G, Zinsstag J and Nguyen-Viet H. 2014. Quantitative microbial risk assessment related to urban wastewater and lagoon water reuse in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Journal of Water and Health 12(2): 301-309. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2013.051 90. Yobouet BA, Kouamé-Sina SM, Dadié A, Makita K, Grace D, Djè KM and Bonfoh B. 2014. Contamination of raw milk with Bacillus cereus from farm to retail in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire and possible health implications. Dairy Science & Technology 94(1): 51-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13594-013-0140-7 Integrated 91. Alderman, Harold; Hawkesworth, Sophie; Lundberg, Mattias; Tasneem, Afia; Mark, Henry; and Moore, Sophie E. 2014. Supplemental feeding during pregnancy Programs and compared with maternal supplementation during lactation does not affect schooling and cognitive development through late adolescence. American Journal of Policies Clinical Nutrition 99(1): 122-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.063404 92. Aberman, Noora-Lisa; Rawat, Rahul; Drimie, Scott; Claros, Joan M.; and Kadiyala, Suneetha. Food security and nutrition interventions in response to the aids epidemic: Assessing global action and evidence. AIDS and Behavior (June 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-014-0822-z 93. Alderman, Harold; Behrman, Jere R.; Grantham-McGregor, Sally; Lopez-Boo, Florencia; and Urzua, Sergio. 2014. Economic perspectives on integrating early child stimulation with nutritional interventions. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1308: 129-138. Special issue on Every Child's Potential: Integrating Nutrition and Early Childhood Development Interventions. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12331 94. Alderman, Harold; Haddad, Lawrence James; Headey, Derek D.; and Smith, Lisa C. 2014. Association between economic growth and early childhood nutrition. Lancet Global Health 2(9): e500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70266-9 40 95. Alderman, Harold. 2014. Review of Food security and sociopolitical stability by Christopher B. Barrett. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. Journal of Economic Literature 52(3): 859-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.52.3.851.r5 96. Avula, Rasmi; Kim, Sunny S.; Ved, Rajani; Pradhan, Mamata; and Menon, Purnima. 2014. Opportunities and challenges for intersectoral convergence in the delivery of nutrition interventions in India. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 632.16. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/632.16 97. Avula, Rasmi; Kosec, Katrina; Holtemeyer, Brian; Tyagi, Parul; Hausladen, Stephanie; and Menon, Purnima. 2014. Education and work incentives for frontline workers and household socioeconomic status influence delivery of health and nutrition interventions in Bihar, India. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 624.5. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/624.5 98. Cox SE, Makani J, Soka D, L'Esperance VS, Kija E, Dominguez-Salas P, Newton CRJ, Birch AA, Prentice AM and Kirkham FJ. 2014. Haptoglobin, alpha-thalassaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase polymorphisms and risk of abnormal transcranial Doppler among patients with sickle cell anaemia in Tanzania. British Journal of Haematology 165(5): 699-706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjh.12791 99. Dominguez-Salas P, Moore SE, Baker MS, Bergen AW, Cox SE, Dyer RA, Fulford AJ, Guan Y, Laritsky E, Silver MJ, Swan GE, Zeisel SH, Innis SM, Waterland RA, Prentice AM and Hennig BJ. 2014. Maternal nutrition at conception modulates DNA methylation of human metastable epialleles. Nature Communications 5: 3746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4746 100. Fiedler, John L.; and Lividini, Keith. 2014. Managing the vitamin A program portfolio: A case study of Zambia, 2013–2042. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 35(1): 105- 125. http://nsinf.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsinf/fnb/2014/00000035/00000001/art00012 101. Fiedler, John L.; Mubanga, Freddie; Siamusantu, Ward; Musonda, Mofu; Kabwe, Kabaso F.; and Zulu, Charles. 2014. Child health week in Zambia: Costs, efficiency, coverage and a reassessment of need. Health Policy and Planning 29(1): 12-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czs129 102. Fiedler, John L.; Afidra, Ronald; Mugambi, Gladys; Tehinse, John; Kabaghe, Gladys; Zulu, Rodah; Lividini, Keith; Smitz, Marc-Francois; Jallier, Vincent; Guyondet, Christophe; and Bermudez, Odilia. 2014. Maize flour fortification in Africa: Markets, feasibility, coverage, and costs. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1312(April 2014): 26-39. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nyas.12266/abstract 103. Fiedler, John L. 2014. Food crop production, nutrient availability, and nutrient intakes in Bangladesh: Exploring the agriculture–nutrition nexus with the 2010 Household Income and Expenditure Survey. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 35(4): 487-508. http://nsinf.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsinf/fnb/2014/00000035/00000004/art00010 104. Fiedler, John L.; and Semakula, Richard. 2014. An analysis of the costs of Uganda's Child Days Plus: Do low costs reveal an efficient program or an underfinanced one? Food and Nutrition Bulletin 35(1): 92-104. http://nsinf.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsinf/fnb/2014/00000035/00000001/art00011 105. Gelli, Aulo; Masset, Edoardo; Diallo, Amadou Sekou; Assima, Amidou; Hombrados, Jorge; Watkins, Kristie; and Drake, Lesley. 2014. Agriculture, nutrition and education: On the status and determinants of primary schooling in rural Mali before the crises of 2012. International Journal of Educational Development 39(November 2014): 205-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2014.07.003 106. Gelli, Aulo; and Suwa, Yuko. 2014. Investing in innovation: Trade-offs in the costs and cost-efficiency of school feeding using community-based kitchens in Bangladesh. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 35(3): 327-337. http://nsinf.publisher.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsinf/fnb/2014/00000035/00000003/art00005 107. Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines; Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Hao, Wei; Pham, Hoa; Truong, Truong; Nguyen, Son; Martorell, Reynaldo; and Ramakrishnan, Usha. 2014. Preconception anemia and birth outcomes in Vietnam. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 804.6. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/804.6 108. Hendriks, M. E., Wit, F. W., Akande, T. M., Kramer, B., Osagbemi, G. K., Tanović, Z., ... & Schultsz, C. (2014). Effect of health insurance and facility quality improvement on blood pressure in adults with hypertension in Nigeria: a population-based study. JAMA internal medicine, 174(4), 555-563. 109. Jones, Andrew D.; Ickes, Scott B.; Smith, Laura E. ; Mbuya, Mduduzi N. N.; Chasekwa, Bernard; Heidkamp, Rebecca A.; Menon, Purnima; Zongrone, Amanda A.; and Stoltzfus, Rebecca J. 2014. World Health Organization infant and young child feeding indicators and their associations with child anthropometry: A synthesis of recent findings. Maternal and Child Nutrition 10(1): 1-17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12070 110. Jones, Andrew D.; Mbuya, Mduduzi N.N.; Ickes, Scott B.; Heidkamp, Rebecca A.; Smith, Laura E.; Chasekwa, Bernard; Menon, Purnima; Zongrone, Amanda A.; and Stoltzfus, Rebecca J. 2014. Reply to correspondence: Is the strength of association between indicators of dietary quality and the nutritional status of children being underestimated? Maternal and Child Nutrition 10(1): 161-162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12107 111. Kadiyala, Suneetha; Harris, Jody; Headey, Derek D.; Yosef, Sivan; and Gillespie, Stuart. 2014. Agriculture and nutrition in India: Mapping evidence to pathways. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1331(December 2014): 43-56. Issue on Paths of Convergence for Agriculture, Health, and Wealth. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12477 41 112. Kazianga, Harounan; de Walque, Damien; and Alderman, Harold. 2014. School feeding programs, intrahousehold allocation and the nutrition of siblings: Evidence from a randomized trial in rural Burkina Faso. Journal of Development Economics 106(January 2014): 15-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2013.08.007 113. Khandelwal, S., & Kurpad, A. (2014). Nurturing public health nutrition education in India. Eur J Clin Nutr, 68, 539-540. 114. Khandelwal, Shweta; Paul, Tanusree; Haddad, Lawrence; Bhalla,Surbhi; Gillespie, Stuart; and Laxminarayan, Ramanan. 2013. Postgraduate education in nutrition in south Asia: A huge mismatch between investments and needs. BMC Medical Education 14(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-14-3 115. Kim, Sunny; Ali, Disha; Kennedy, Andrew; Tesfaye, Roman; Rawat, Rahul; and Menon, Purnima. 2014. Assessing implementation fidelity of a community-based infant and young child feeding intervention in Ethiopia identifies gaps in delivery that limit reach to communities. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 624.11. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/624.11 116. Lapping, Karin; Frongillo, Edward A.; Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Coates, Jennifer; Webb, Patrick; and Menon, Purnima. 2014. Organizational factors, planning capacity, and integration challenges constrain provincial planning processes for nutrition in decentralizing Vietnam. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 35(3): 382-391. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsinf/fnb/2014/00000035/00000003/art00010 117. Leroy, Jef L.; Ruel, Marie T.; Habicht, Jean-Pierre; and Frongillo, Edward A. 2014. Linear growth deficit continues to accumulate beyond the first 1000 days in low- and middle-income countries: Global evidence from 51 national surveys. Journal of Nutrition 144(9): 1460-1466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.191981 118. Leroy, Jef L.; Habicht, Jean-Pierre; de Cossío, Teresa González; and Ruel, Marie T. 2014. Maternal education mitigates the negative effects of higher income on the double burden of child stunting and maternal overweight in rural Mexico. Journal of Nutrition 144(5): 765-770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.113.188474 119. Leroy, Jef L.; Ruel, Marie T.; Habicht, Jean-Pierre; and Frongillo, Edward A. 2014. Reply to Victora et al. Journal of Nutrition 144(12): 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.203083 120. te Lintelo, D. J., Haddad, L. J., Leavy, J., & Lakshman, R. (2014). Measuring the commitment to reduce hunger: A hunger reduction commitment index. Food Policy, 44, 115-128. 121. Menon, Purnima; Covic, Namukolo M.; Harrigan, Paige B.; Horton, Susan E.; Kazi, Nabeeha M.; Lamstein, Sascha; Neufeld, Lynnette; Oakley, Erica; and Pelletier, David. Strengthening implementation and utilization of nutrition interventions through research. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1331(December 2014): 39-59. Issue on A Global Research Agenda for Nutrition Science. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12447 122. Naher, Firdousi; Barkat-e-Khuda; Ahmed, Shaikh Shamsuddin; and Hossain, Mahabub. 2014. How nutrition-friendly are agriculture and health policies in Bangladesh? Food and Nutrition Bulletin 35(1): 133-146. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsinf/fnb/2014/00000035/00000001/art00014 123. Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Ramakrishnan, Usha; Katz, Benjamin; Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines; Lowe, Alyssa E.; Nguyen, Hieu; Pham, Hoa; Truong, Truong; Nguyen, Son; and Martorell, Reynaldo. 2014. Mid-upper-arm and calf circumferences are useful predictors of underweight in women of reproductive age in northern Vietnam. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 35(3): 301-311. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nsinf/fnb/2014/00000035/00000003/art00003 124. Nguyen, Tuan T.; Nguyen, Phuong Hong; and Hajeebhoy, Nemat. 2014. Determinants of the gap between breastfeeding knowledge and practices in Vietnamese mothers. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 119.1. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/119.1?related- urls=yes&legid=fasebj;28/1_Supplement/119.1 125. Nguyen, Phuong H.; Menon, Purnima; Keithly, Sarah C.; Hajeebhoy, Nemat; Tran, Lan M.; Ruel, Marie T.; and Rawat, Rahul. 2014. Understanding the implementation, utilization, and potential impact of a social franchise model to improve infant and young child feeding practices in Vietnam: A program impact pathway analysis. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 624.10. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/624.10 126. Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Nguyen, Hieu; Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines; Copeland, Erika; Strizich, Garrett; Lowe, Alyssa; Pham, Hoa; Truong, Truong V.; Nguyen, Son; Martorell, Reynaldo; and Ramakrishnan, Usha. 2014. Micronutrient intakes among women of reproductive age in Vietnam. PLoS ONE 9(2): e89504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089504 127. Nguyen, Phuong H.; Kim, Sunny S.; Keithly, Sarah C.; Hajeebhoy, Nemat; Tran, Lan M.; Ruel, Marie T.; Rawat, Rahul; and Menon, Purnima. 2014. Incorporating elements of social franchising in government health services improves the quality of infant and young child feeding counselling services at commune health centres in Vietnam. Health Policy and Planning 29(8): 1008-1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czt083 128. Nguyen, Phuong H.; Menon, Purnima; Keithly, Sarah C.; Kim, Sunny S.; Hajeebhoy, Nemat; Tran, Lan M.; Ruel, Marie T.; and Rawat, Rahul. 2014. Program impact pathway analysis of a social franchise model shows potential to improve infant and young child feeding practices in Vietnam. Journal of Nutrition 144(10): 1627- 1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.194464 42 129. Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines; Nguyen, Hieu; Pham, Hoa; Truong, Truong; Nguyen, Son; Martorell, Reynaldo; and Usha Ramakrishnan. 2014. Multi-causal determinants of anemia among women of reproductive age in Vietnam. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 804.7. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/804.7 130. Nisbett, Nicholas; Gillespie, Stuart; Haddad, Lawrence James; and Harris, Jody. 2014. Why worry about the politics of childhood undernutrition? World Development 64(December 2014): 420-433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.06.018 131. Padonou, Géraud; Le Port, Agnès; Cottrell, Gilles; Guerra, José; Choudat, Isabelle; Rachas, Antoine; Bouscaillou, Julie; Massougbodji, Achille; Garcia, André; and Martin-Prevelf, Yves. 2014. Prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation and low birth weight: Risk factors in a malaria-endemic area in southern Benin. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 108(2): 77-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trt099 132. Phuong H. Nguyen, Kuntal K. Saha, Disha Ali, Purnima Menon, Swetha Manohar, Lan Mai Tran, Rahul Rawat, and Marie T. Ruel. 2014. Maternal mental health is associated with child undernutrition and illness in Bangladesh, Vietnam and Ethiopia. Public Health Nutrition 17(6): 1318-1327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980013001043 133. Rawat, Rahul; Saha, Kuntal K.; Kennedy, Andrew; Rohner, Fabian; Ruel, Marie T.; and Menon, Purnima. Anaemia in infancy in rural Bangladesh: Contribution of iron deficiency, infections and poor feeding practices. British Journal of Nutrition (2014). British Journal of Nutrition 111(1): 172-181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114513001852 134. Smith, Ellen; Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines; Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Nguyen, Hieu; Pham, Hoa; Truong, Truong; Nguyen, Son; Martorell, Reynaldo; and Ramakrishnan, Usha. 2014. Low vitamin D intake is associated with anemia in women of reproductive age in Vietnam. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 804.17. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/804.17 135. Sraboni, Esha; Malapit, Hazel J.; Quisumbing, Agnes R.; and Ahmed, Akhter U. 2014. Women’s empowerment in agriculture: What role for food security in Bangladesh? World Development 61(September 2014): 11-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.03.025 136. Tuan, Nguyen T.; Nguyen, Phuong H.; Hajeebhoy, Nemat; Frongillo, Edward A. 2014. Gaps between breastfeeding awareness and practices in Vietnamese mothers result from inadequate support in health facilities and social norms. Journal of Nutrition 144(11): 1811-1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.198226 137. Young, Melissa; Nguyen, Phuong Hong; Addo, O. Yaw; Hao, Wei; Nguyen, Hieu; Pham, Hoa; Truong, Truong V.; Nguyen, Son; Martorell, Reynaldo and Ramakrishnan, Usha. 2014. The relative influence of prepregnancy weight and gestational weight gain on offspring birth size in Vietnam. FASEB Journal 28(1 Supplement): 620.7 http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/620.7 43 Annex 2: Performance indicators for gender mainstreaming with targets defined Performance Indicator CRP performance approaches requirements CRP performance meets requirements CRP performance exceeds requirements 1. Gender inequality Sex-disaggregated social data is being Sex-disaggregated social data collected Sex-disaggregated social data collected and used to targets defined collected and used to diagnose important and used to diagnose important gender- diagnose important gender-related constraints in at gender-related constraints in at least one of related constraints in at least one of the least one of the CRP’s main target populations the CRP’s main target populations CRP’s main target populations And And The CRP has defined and collected baseline data on The CRP has defined and collected the main dimensions of gender inequality in the baseline data on the main dimensions of CRP’s main target populations relevant to its gender inequality in the CRP’s main target expected outcomes (IDOs) populations relevant to its expected And outcomes ( IDOs) CRP targets changes in levels of gender inequality to which the CRP is or plans to contribute, with related numbers of men and women beneficiaries in main target populations 2. Institutional - CRP scientists and managers with - CRP scientists and managers with CRP scientists and managers with responsibility for architecture for responsibility for gender in the CRP’s responsibility for gender in the CRP’s gender in the CRP’s outputs are appointed, have integration of gender is outputs are appointed, have written TORS. outputs are appointed, have written TORS written TORS and funds allocated to support their in place - Procedures defined to report use of and funds allocated to support their interaction. available diagnostic or baseline knowledge interaction. - Procedures defined to report use of available on gender routinely for assessment of the - Procedures defined to report use of diagnostic or baseline knowledge on gender gender equality implications of the CRP’s available diagnostic or baseline routinely for assessment of the gender equality flagship research products as per the Gender knowledge on gender routinely for implications of the CRP’s flagship research products Strategy assessment of the gender equality as per the Gender Strategy -CRP M&E system has protocol for tracking implications of the CRP’s flagship research -CRP M&E system has protocol for tracking progress progress on integration of gender in products as per the Gender Strategy on integration of gender in research research -CRP M&E system has protocol for And tracking progress on integration of gender A CRP plan approved for capacity development in in research gender analysis And And A CRP plan approved for capacity The CRP uses feedback provided by its M&E system development in gender analysis to improve its integration of gender into research 44