Metadata T0.1 Table 0.1: Sample Composition (# of Households) T0.2 Table 0.2: Contact Rate Figure 1 Number of Attempts T0.3 Table 0.3: Result of Interview T0.4 Table 0.4: Language of interview Figure 2 Duration of Interview T0.5 Table 0.5: Sample Compostition Basic Information T1.1 Table 1.1: Respondent Characteristics (Age and Sex) T1.2 Table 1.2: Respondent relationship to head T1.3 Table 1.3: Respondent education* T1.4 Table 1.4: Characteristics of Household T1.5 Table 1.5: Older Adults and Dependency Knowledge, behavior, and concerns T2.1 Table 2.1: Knowledge of measures that risk of contracting COVID-19/ coronavirus (% of HH) T2.2 Table 2.2: Knowledge of government actions to curb the spread of coronavirus (% of HH) Table 2.3: Satisfaction with government response to the coronavirus crisis (% of HH that know about actions of the government or declare that T2.3 there is no action) T2.4 Table 2.4. COVID-19 outbreak - awareness & government action T2.5 Table 2.5. Prevalence of safe practices, since mid-March T2.6 Table 2.6. COVID-19 precautions - knowledge & behavior (% of respondents) T2.7 Table 2.7. Degree of worry about self/inmediate family becoming seriously ill from Coronavirus T2.8 Table 2.8. Degree of perception of threat to household's finance caused by coronavirus Access T3.1 Table 3.1. Access to basic needs, past 7 days T3.2 Table 3.2. Reasons basic needs were not available (% of HHs that could not buy) T3.3 Table 3.3. Food Security Problems T3.4 Table 3.4. Medical treatment since mid-March 2020 T3.5 Table 3.5. Reasons unable to access medical treatment (% of HHs where one of the members needed medical treatment) T3.6 Table 3.6. Coronavirus restrictions - effects on education* T3.7 Table 3.7. Types of learning activities, past 7 days T3.8 Table 3.8. Means of contact with teachers T3.9 Table 3.9. Access to financial institutions (ATM, bank, money agents) # Official Use Employment T4.1 Table 4.1 WORK LAST WEEK (any work for pay or any income generating activities) T4.2 Table 4.2. Work stoppages, by industry of main job T4.3 Table 4.3. Work stoppages, main reason T4.4 Table 4.4. Type of work of those respondents working T4.5 Table 4.5. Type of work of those respondents working T4.6 Table 4.6. Main industry of those respondents working T4.7 Table 4.7. WAGE WORKERS, respondents only - underemployment indicators T4.8 Table 4.8. Family businesses and farms T4.9 Table 4.9. Family business - Revenues by enterprise T4.10 Table 4.10. None/Less revenues in family business T4.11 Table 4.11. Family farms - prevalence T4.12 Table 4.12. HH Income sources in the last 12 months T4.13 Table 4.13. Percentage of HHs with Non-Farm Businesses (only HHs interviewed in COVID-19 phone survey) Safety Nets T5.1 Table 5.1 SAFETY NETS since mid-March 2020 T5.2 Table 5.2 Source of Assistance since mid-March 2020 Agriculture T6.1 Table 6.1. Prevalence of Crop Farming in 2020 Agricultural Season T6.2 Table 6.2 Number of Household growing one of the three main crops 2019/20 Agricultural Season T6.3 Table 6.3. Progress in Crop Harvest, by region T6.4a Table 6.4a. Proportion of Households Whose Harvesting Decision were affected by COVID 19 T6.4b Table 6.4b. Distribution of How COVID 19 Affected Crop Harvesting, by region and Land Quintiles T6.5 Table 6.5 Distribution of Measures Taken to Ensure Safety from COVID 19 During Crop Harvesting, by region T6.6 Table 6.6 Distribution of Reasons for not Hiring During Crop Harvesting, by region T6.7a Table 6.7a. Demand and Receipt of Agricultural Extension Services, by region T6.7b Table 6.7b. Share of Households that needed to Extension Servides but Could Not Access. T6.8 Table 6.8. Prevalence of Livestock and Crop Farming Households, by region T6.9a Table 6.9a Proportion of Households Whose Livestock Activities were affected by COVID 19 T6.9b Table 6.9b. Distribution of How COVID 19 Affected Livestock Activities, by region T6.10a Table 6.10a. Sell of Agricultural Produce T6.10b Table 6.10b. Share of Households that needed to Sell Agricultural Produce but Could Not. # Official Use nt or declare that # Official Use Table 0.1: Sample Composition (# of Households) Sector Design Strata Total Urban Urban Urban Rural Rural Rural Urban Rural North Center South North Center South Sample size, IHPS 2019 2,337 779 1,558 123 390 266 202 658 698 Household Phone 1,993 736 1,257 117 370 249 158 534 565 Phone Number Availability Only 344 43 301 6 20 17 44 124 133 Reference HHs called for Round 1 (sample size) 2,337 779 1,558 123 390 266 202 658 698 HHs fully interviewed 1,729 617 1,112 107 292 218 149 443 520 HHs reached but not fully interviewed 4 3 1 1 1 1 - - 1 HHs refused 10 7 3 1 3 3 - 2 1 HHs unable to reach 594 152 442 14 94 44 53 213 176 # Official Use Table 0.2: Contact Rate Average # per HH % of Total HHs Calls made - all HHs 3.85 Calls made, HHs interviewed 3.13 76.89 Calls made, HHs refused 4.20 0.44 Calls made, no contact 6.46 20.36 Calls made, other non-response 4.63 2.31 # Official Use Number of Attempts Reached Not reached Reached Not Reached 1 649 166 0.372 0.162 2 323 134 0.185 0.131 3 225 62 0.129 0.061 4 169 92 0.097 0.090 5 117 94 0.067 0.092 6 78 76 0.045 0.074 7 45 42 0.026 0.041 8 35 56 0.020 0.055 9 27 32 0.015 0.031 10 25 86 0.014 0.084 11 19 38 0.011 0.037 12 6 28 0.003 0.027 13 8 28 0.005 0.027 14 2 22 0.001 0.022 15 1 6 0.001 0.006 16 6 14 0.003 0.014 17 1 6 0.001 0.006 18 1 14 0.001 0.014 19 0 2 0.000 0.002 20 6 24 0.003 0.023 Number of Attempts 0.400 0.300 0.200 0.100 0.000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Reached Not Reached # Official Use # Official Use Table 0.3: Result of Interview Residence OVERALL Urban Rural # of % of overall # of % of urban # of % of rural households sample households sample households sample Reached Complete 1729.0 74.0 617.0 79.2 1112.0 71.4 Partially Complete 4.0 0.2 3.0 0.4 1.0 0.1 Refused 10.0 0.4 7.0 0.9 3.0 0.2 Language barrier Not Reached Nobody answering 21.0 0.9 9.0 1.2 12.0 0.8 Number does not exist 54.0 2.3 9.0 1.2 45.0 2.9 Phone turned off 467.0 20.0 119.0 15.3 348.0 22.3 Wrong number (don't know the household) 29.0 1.2 6.0 0.8 23.0 1.5 Reference person can't connect to household 23.0 1.0 9.0 1.2 14.0 0.9 # Official Use Table 0.4: Language of interview % of Interviews Chewa 88.4 Nyanja 0.3 Yao 3.6 Tumbuka 5.3 Lhomwe Nkhonde Ngoni Sena 0.1 Nyakyusa Tonga 2.2 Lambya 0.1 Senga Sukwa/Ndali English 0.1 Other # Official Use Total time spent in all sections for complete interviews (minutes) Ag All sections Safety Concerns Income FIES Employment Access Behaviour Household Roster Mean 34.0 1.7 0.4 1.4 1.9 1.5 2.3 2.9 1.8 2.0 Median 32.3 1.7 0.3 1.4 1.9 1.5 2.2 2.8 1.7 1.8 Min 20.0 0.2 0.1 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.0 0.5 Max 74.5 3.4 0.8 2.5 3.7 2.6 4.7 5.2 3.3 6.0 # Official Use Table 0.5: Sample Composition* IHPS - Full Sample IHPS - Selected Sample Phone sample Characteristic Unweighted Weighted Unweighted Weighted Unweighted Weighted Sample size (successful interviews) 3181.0 2337.0 1729.0 Average household size 4.6 5.0 4.7 5.0 4.8 5.0 Household head characteristics Female head (%) 26.5 29.6 24.0 26.2 22.2 29.3 Age 41.9 45.9 41.4 44.9 41.8 45.4 Literate (%) 79.2 74.2 86.1 81.5 88.4 76.4 Asset ownership Mobile phone 62.2 58.9 83.7 81.8 88.5 79.8 Television 18.1 15.2 24.2 20.8 27.5 16.4 Refrigerator 9.5 8.0 12.9 11.2 14.7 8.4 Car 3.5 2.5 4.7 3.4 5.6 2.9 Generator 1.4 1.1 1.9 1.4 2.0 1.1 IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles Q1 20.0 19.4 10.8 10.5 7.9 15.5 Q2 20.0 21.4 15.8 17.2 13.7 19.3 Q3 20.0 21.6 21.7 23.3 20.8 24.4 Q4 20.0 20.8 24.8 25.9 26.7 22.4 Q5 20.0 16.7 26.9 23.1 30.9 18.3 * Based on information from the IHPS only. # Official Use Table 1.1. Respondent Characteristics - AGE & SEX By Sex Number of % of Male Female respondents respondents respondents respondents Median age of respondents 37 38 36 15-24 years 192 8.9 8.0 10.1 25-39 years 789 38.9 34.0 46.1 40-49 years 351 23.9 26.1 20.5 50-64 years 281 19.4 22.0 15.3 65 years and above 116 9.0 9.8 7.9 Total 1082 647 Percent 60.1 39.9 # Official Use Table 1.2: Respondent relationship to head Number of respondents Distribution of respondents Relationship to HH Head: Total Male Female Total Male Female Head 1353 1039 314 79.3 94.0 57.0 Spouse 290 8 282 14.4 0.8 34.9 Child (own/step/adopted) 60 23 37 4.4 3.6 5.6 Other relative 25 11 14 2.0 1.6 2.6 Not related 1 1 0.1 0.1 # Official Use Table 1.3: Respondent education* Number of respondents Distribution of respondents Education Total Male Female Total Male Female Literate (in any language) 1516 987 529 76.7 81.5 69.3 Level No school 94 38 56 11.5 7.1 18.3 Primary - partial 841 492 349 58.0 55.7 61.4 Primary - completed 607 417 190 25.9 31.1 17.9 Secondary - partial 155 120 35 4.6 6.0 2.4 Secondary - completed Tertiary - partial & completed Religious *Excludes respondents that are new hh members # Official Use Table 1.4: Characteristics of Household IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles Overall Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Household size (average # individuals) 5.18 4.67 5.25 5.19 5.16 5.52 Household head, female (%) 26.8 29.2 32.7 32.8 23.7 14.5 Education level of HH Head: No school 11.3 15.4 20.0 11.8 7.1 3.3 Primary - partial 60.0 78.7 70.0 65.9 59.7 27.5 Primary - completed 24.0 6.0 10.0 21.5 30.3 48.4 Secondary - partial 4.7 0.0 0.7 3.0 20.7 Secondary - completed Tertiary - partial & completed Religious # Official Use Table 1.5: Older Adults and Dependency IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles Overall Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural Individuals 50 - 64 years old (%) 6.6 6.9 4.9 6.5 7.4 7.5 65 years old and older (%) 3.9 6.6 2.8 4.2 4.2 2.3 Household HHs with at least 1 person 50 - 64 (%) 27.6 25.8 20.5 27.0 30.6 33.5 HHs with at least 1 person 65+ (%) 17.4 24.5 13.3 20.0 17.4 12.1 HHs with at least 1 person 50+ (%) 38.6 44.6 30.3 37.9 42.1 39.0 Average share of members 50 - 64 7.5 8.7 5.0 6.9 9.1 8.1 Average share of members 65+ 5.8 9.8 4.3 5.5 6.3 3.6 HHs with at least 1 person below 15 82.3 78.6 85.2 86.4 77.8 82.6 Dependency ratio 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.1 # Official Use Table 2.1: Knowledge of measures that risk of contracting COVID-19/ coronavirus (% of HH) % of HHs % of respondents by residence Overall Urban Rural Handwashing with soap 98.6 97.3 98.9 Use of sanitizer 21.9 36.6 18.6 No Handshake / physical greetings 52.4 49.0 53.2 Use of mask 37.7 50.2 34.9 Use of gloves 22.6 27.5 21.5 Avoid travel 29.7 31.1 29.4 Staying at home and avoid going out unless necessary 35.9 39.0 35.2 Avoid crowded places or gatherings with many people 61.2 64.2 60.5 Maintain enough distance of at least 1 meter 75.6 78.9 74.8 Avoiding touching your face 47.0 50.1 46.3 Cough Etiquette 47.6 48.3 47.4 None of the above reported 0.2 0.1 0.3 # Official Use Table 2.2: Knowledge of government actions to curb the spread of coronavirus (% of HH) % of HHs % of respondents by residence Urban Rural At least one action to curb the spread of coronavirus 86.9 83.3 87.7 Advised citizens to stay at home 21.3 25.5 20.3 Advised to avoid gatherings 56.9 55.1 57.3 Restricted travel within country/area 3.7 5.1 3.4 Restricted international travel 5.3 8.8 4.4 Actions to curb the Closure of schools and universities 29.0 27.9 29.3 spread of Curfew/ lockdown 1.1 2.5 0.8 coronavirus Closure of non essential businesses 3.3 7.4 2.4 Sensitization/ Public Awareness 41.0 33.9 42.6 Established isolation centers 2.4 5.5 1.7 Disinfection of public places 10.0 15.5 8.7 Other 4.1 6.2 3.6 None 13.0 16.7 12.2 Don't know 0.1 0.0 0.1 Note: This was an open question, the options were not read # Official Use Table 2.3: Satisfaction with government response to the coronavirus crisis (% of HH that know about actions of the government or declare that there is no action) % of HHs % of respondents by residence Urban Rural Yes, satisfied 79.3 68.9 81.6 No 20.7 31.1 18.4 Limited testing points 16.1 16.6 15.9 No food assistance from the government 24.2 25.8 23.6 No money from the government 22.1 27.4 20.1 Reason for non- Late response by the government 22.7 21.3 23.2 satisfaction No electricity 0.0 0.0 0.1 Shortage of medical materials 25.8 21.2 27.6 Other 34.7 44.7 31.0 Note: This was an open question, the options were not read # Official Use Table 2.4. COVID-19 outbreak - awareness & government action Overall (% of % of respondents by IHPS Wealth Quintile % of respondents by residence respondents) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural Respondents - have heard of cornavirus 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.9 100.0 99.9 100.0 Respondents - aware of any government action* 99.9 99.4 99.8 100.0 99.9 100.0 100.0 99.8 Respondents - satisfied with government action 79.3 87.1 88.6 81.3 79.5 59.1 68.9 81.6 * The respondent is aware of at least one action that may have been taken by the Government according to the respondent # Official Use Table 2.5. Prevalence of safe practices, since mid-March % of respondents % of respondents by residence Urban Rural More frequent handwashing with soap 88.2 90.8 87.6 Avoid handshakes/physical greetings 68.8 68.1 69.0 Avoid groups of more than 10 people 17.7 24.2 16.2 Cancel Travel Plans 59.1 56.1 59.8 Stock up more food than normal, due to restricted movement 26.1 30.7 25.1 Reduce Trips to Grocery Store 63.6 61.9 64.0 # Official Use Table 2.6. COVID-19 precautions - knowledge & behavior (% of respondents) Overall Urban Rural Behavior Knowledge Knowledge Behavior change Knowledge change (% of (% of those that know (% of respondents about measures) respondents Frequent handwashing* 98.6 88.4 97.3 91.7 98.9 Avoid handshakes/physical greetings 52.4 68.4 49.0 73.6 53.2 Avoid crowds* 61.2 17.0 64.2 26.6 60.5 * wording in knowledge and behavior sections differ slightly, but refer to similar behaviors # Official Use Rural Behavior change (% of those that know about measures) 87.6 67.3 14.7 # Official Use Table 2.7. Degree of worry about self/inmediate family becoming seriously ill from Coronavirus % of % of respondents by IHPS Wealth Quintile % of respondents by residence respondents Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural Very worried 89.6 91.9 95.0 89.4 85.4 87.6 85.6 90.6 Somewhat worried 4.7 2.1 3.3 5.3 5.8 6.1 6.0 4.4 Not too worried 2.2 2.4 0.2 1.7 3.9 2.5 3.9 1.8 Not worried at all 3.5 3.5 1.4 3.7 4.9 3.8 4.5 3.3 # Official Use Table 2.8. Degree of perception of threat to household's finance caused by coronavirus % of % of respondents by IHPS Wealth Quintile % of respondents by residence respondents Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural A substantial threat 90.7 91.7 93.0 90.9 89.1 89.4 90.3 90.8 A moderate threat 5.2 4.4 5.3 5.8 5.0 5.1 5.6 5.1 Not much of a threat 1.7 1.8 0.1 1.5 3.2 1.6 0.6 1.9 Not a threat at all 2.4 2.1 1.6 1.8 2.7 3.9 3.4 2.2 # Official Use Table 3.1. Access to basic needs, past 7 days Could not buy (% HH that needed to buy) Needed to buy (% of HHs) IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles Overall % of respondents by residence Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural Soap 94.8 8.8 11.6 9.9 8.4 8.4 5.9 5.4 9.5 Cleaning supplies 56.0 40.9 41.3 44.1 41.9 42.3 35.2 31.1 43.4 Maize 51.3 28.3 33.3 33.6 30.0 24.9 20.7 19.5 31.0 Rice 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Cassava 0.7 23.9 0.0 0.0 32.7 50.9 0.0 2.8 25.6 Sorghum 0.2 39.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 53.3 Sesame 0.0 Millet 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Medicine 63.5 11.4 7.5 17.1 9.9 12.3 10.5 8.6 12.0 Medical Services 63.4 15.3 14.4 17.2 15.9 14.0 14.6 17.9 14.8 # Official Use Table 3.3. Reasons basic needs were not available (% of HHs that could not buy) Frequency of reasons given across all Medicine Soap Cleaning supplies times Overall Urban Rural Overall Urban Rural Overall Urban Rural Out of stock 4.0 4.5 3.9 0.5 0.0 0.6 1.9 0.1 2.2 Local market closed/ not operating 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.8 1.3 Limited/no transportation 1.3 0.9 1.3 0.6 0.8 0.6 2.1 1.4 2.2 Restriction to go outside 4.4 0.7 4.9 3.7 0.0 4.2 2.1 0.0 2.5 Increase in price 7.3 7.6 7.2 0.4 0.0 0.4 4.8 12.3 3.4 No money to buy 84.1 87.1 83.6 94.8 99.2 94.2 90.6 89.3 90.9 # Official Use Table 3.3. Reasons basic needs were not available (% of HHs that could not buy) Maize Sorhghum Frequency of reasons given across all times Overall Urban Rural Overall Urban Rural Out of stock 1.8 0.0 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Local market closed/ not operating 3.5 0.4 4.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Limited/no transportation 3.3 4.6 3.0 4.7 0.0 4.8 Restriction to go outside 3.0 1.1 3.4 6.7 0.0 6.7 Increase in Price 54.0 54.1 54.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 No access to cash and can not pay with credit 23.2 28.0 22.2 68.7 100.0 68.4 Other 13.6 16.7 13.0 19.9 0.0 20.1 # Official Use Table 3.3b Prevalence of Severe and Moderate or Severe Food Insecurity among Adults (based on FIES) Urban/Rural Region IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles Year Malawi Urban Rural North Central Southern Q1_Poorest Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5_Richest Prevalence of Moderate or Severe Insecurity 72 58 75 64 71 75 86 81 80 67 52 Round 1 Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity 31 23 33 31 29 34 42 36 35 30 18 Official Use # Table 3.4. Medical treatment since mid-March 2020 % of HHs that % of HH needed medical Urban Rural Overall Someone in HH needed medical treatment 56.3 64.6 63.0 100.0 Able to access medical treatment 46.2 55.0 53.4 84.7 Not able to access medical treatment 10.0 9.5 9.6 15.3 # Official Use Table 3.5. Reasons unable to access medical treatment (% of HHs where one of the members needed medical treatment) % of respondents by residence Frequency of reasons given across all times Percentage Urban Rural Lack of money 16.8 21.2 15.7 No medical personnel available 36.6 29.9 38.4 Turned away because facility was full 14.0 17.5 13.1 Limited / No Transportation 6.0 5.3 6.2 Restriction to go outside 7.0 2.8 8.1 Afraid of going and getting the virus 8.8 12.0 8.0 Other 10.7 11.3 10.6 Refused 0.0 0.0 0.0 # Official Use Table 3.6. Coronavirus restrictions - effects on education* IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles Percent HHs, by residence % all HHs National level Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural HHs with children ages 6 - 18 78.0 62.9 78.4 80.7 81.8 81.9 78.7 77.8 HHs with children attending school, pre-closures 96.0 92.9 94.1 97.3 96.2 97.8 96.9 95.8 Any students, in the past 7 days: Engaged in any learning/education activities 17.0 6.7 15.0 17.9 16.8 24.6 30.1 14.0 Have contact with teachers 3.5 0.7 2.4 2.2 2.3 9.3 6.3 2.8 # Official Use Table 3.7. Types of learning activities, past 7 days % of HHs that engaged in % of all HHs with learning activities children 6-18 Overall Urban Rural Completed assignments provided by the teacher 11.3 15.0 9.5 1.8 Used mobile learning apps 11.2 13.5 10.1 1.8 Watched educational TV programs 1.4 2.0 1.1 0.2 Listened to educational radio progams 31.5 21.5 36.5 5.1 Session/meeting with Lesson Teacher (tutor) 9.8 19.0 5.2 1.6 Other activities 41.5 35.8 44.4 6.8 # Official Use Table 3.8. Means of contact with teachers % of HHs that have contact % of all HHs with with teachers children 6-18 Overall Urban Rural SMS 26.9 12.6 33.7 0.6 Online apps 18.0 37.8 8.5 0.4 Email 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Telephone/audio 14.4 13.5 14.8 0.3 Whatsapp message 33.2 27.9 35.7 0.7 Facebook message 7.9 8.8 7.5 0.2 # Official Use Table 3.9. Access to financial institutions (ATM, bank, money agents) % of HHs that IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles % of households by residence % all HHs needed a financial Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural Someone in HH needed a financial institution 39.1 100.0 19.8 25.6 36.3 42.7 68.7 54.6 35.5 Able to access 36.9 94.4 19.6 23.4 32.2 41.0 66.8 53.7 33.0 Not able to access 2.2 5.6 0.2 2.1 4.1 1.7 1.9 0.9 2.5 # Official Use Table 4.1 WORK LAST WEEK (any work for pay or any income generating activities) % of Percent of respondents, by (IHPS) wealth % of respondents by respondents Male Female Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Status of work Respondent working 68.9 71.4 65.0 62.3 64.5 74.2 70.3 70.3 72.6 Respondent stopped working (worked pre-March) 9.1 9.0 9.2 6.1 8.5 8.4 7.6 14.8 9.5 Respondent not working & no work pre-March 22.1 19.6 25.7 31.6 27.1 17.5 22.1 14.9 17.8 Changes in working condition in wage work Respondent working less* (% of working wage work) 3.3 3.1 3.5 2.1 1.5 1.2 2.3 10.0 5.6 Other adults working less* (% of HHs) 11.1 11.0 11.3 10.8 7.8 11.8 9.4 16.0 13.9 Average number of HH members working less* 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 * NOT ABLE to work as usual in their WAGE JOB (at place of work or from home) last 7 days. # Official Use % of respondents by Rural 68.0 9.0 23.0 2.7 10.5 0.1 # Official Use Table 4.2. Work stoppages, by industry of main job Percentage of Related to coronavirus & counter measures respondents that stopped working Potentially related Potentially unrelated Agriculture 45.6 13.7 18.5 Mining 0.4 88.2 11.8 Manufucturing 3.0 93.4 6.6 Professional/Scientific/Technical Activities 2.9 46.0 18.3 Utilities Construction 5.5 6.3 63.7 Transportation 1.5 28.5 0.0 Buying and Selling 11.7 32.1 19.2 Financial/Insurance/Real Estate Services 0.3 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 6.8 0.0 21.9 Education 2.1 79.0 21.0 Health 4.0 38.8 0.0 Public Administration 1.0 0.0 0.0 Tourism Food Processing 11.4 98.1 0.0 Other 3.8 31.2 0.0 Potentially related – Business / office closed due to coronavirus legal restrictions; Ill / quarantined; Need to care for ill relative; Not able to go to farm due to movement restrictions; laid off while business continues; Furlough; Not able to farm due to lack of inputs; Potentially unrelated – Business / office closed for another reason; Vacation; Seasonal worker; Retired; Not farming season; Other # Official Use Table 4.3. Work stoppages, main reason Urban Rural Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of respondents respondents respondents respondents respondents respondents that stopped that stopped that stopped that stopped that stopped that stopped work work work work work work Level Business/office closed - coronavirus 44.32 55.81 41.53 legal restrictions Ill/quarantined 7.01 9.36 6.44 Relation to coronavirus outbreak & related counter measures Need to care for ill relative 0.03 0.13 0.00 Not able to go to farm - movement Potentially 1.09 56.40 0.00 70.13 1.36 53.07 restrictions related Laid off while business continues 2.76 2.04 2.94 Furlough (temporarily laid off) 0.99 2.78 0.56 Not able to farm due to lack of inputs 0.20 0.00 0.25 Business/office closed for another 6.77 7.90 6.50 reason Not farming season 6.11 5.83 6.18 Seasonal worker/or farming season 18.57 5.60 21.71 Potentially 43.60 29.87 46.93 Retired unrelated 2.78 6.80 1.80 Vacation 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other 9.37 3.75 10.74 # Official Use Table 4.4. Type of work of those respondents working % of respondents by residence Percentage of respondents working Urban Rural Own business 30.0 47.1 25.8 Business of HH or family member 1.5 0.5 1.8 Family farming (or livestock or fishing) 40.6 7.2 48.8 As an employee for someone else 27.0 45.0 22.6 As an apprentice, trainee, intern 0.8 0.2 1.0 # Official Use Table 4.5. Type of work of those respondents working Percentage of respondents in Phone Survey that are working Family Business 22.26 Family farming (or livestock or fishing) 22.68 Employee in private company 16.65 Employee in government 7.03 Paid apprentice/trainee/intern 31.38 # Official Use Table 4.6. Main industry of those respondents working % of respondents by residence % of respondents working Urban Rural Agriculture 49.8 13.1 58.7 Mining 0.5 0.0 0.6 Manufucturing 2.0 5.5 1.2 Professional/Scientific/Technical Activities 3.2 6.3 2.5 Utilities 0.8 2.2 0.4 Construction 5.1 10.5 3.9 Transportation 2.6 5.5 1.9 Buying and Selling 17.7 30.0 14.7 Financial/Insurance/Real Estate Services 0.7 2.6 0.3 Personal Services 6.5 10.7 5.5 Education 0.8 0.5 0.9 Health 2.1 5.0 1.5 Public Administration 0.5 1.0 0.4 Tourism 0.0 0.1 0.0 Food Processing 4.1 2.2 4.5 Others 3.4 4.8 3.0 # Official Use Table 4.7. WAGE WORKERS, respondents only - underemployment indicators For respondents that did not work as usual last week Percentage of respondents Level of pay: Main reason that worked LESS Full Pay Partial No Pay Potentially related 80.3 66.4 8.4 25.2 Potentially unrelated 19.7 53.4 2.3 44.3 Note: there are 3.43% of the respondents that are working less Potentially related – Business / office closed due to coronavirus legal restrictions; Ill / quarantined; Need to care for ill relative; Not able to go to farm due to movement restrictions; laid off while business continues; Furlough; Not able to farm due to lack of inputs; Potentially unrelated – Business / office closed for another reason; Vacation; Seasonal worker; Retired; Not farming season; other # Official Use Table 4.8. Family businesses and farms % of HHs by residence Percent HHs, by (IHPS) wealth quintiles Percentage of Urban Rural Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 all HHs HHs with a family business in 2020 60.1 35.5 25.1 23.0 40.1 50.5 57.8 40.1 HHs with family farming in 2020 59.9 95.8 97.6 94.2 93.4 87.5 72.8 89.1 HHs with both business and farm in 2020 37.5 32.7 24.9 20.5 35.8 42.9 40.4 33.6 # Official Use Table 4.9. Family business - Revenues by enterprise % of HHs Current sales revenue (late March/ April), compared to February with family 2020* business None Less Same Higher Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Agriculture 5.1 22.8 13.2 60.0 56.4 1.5 10.3 15.623 20.1 Mining 0.1 30.3 41.9 27.8 0 Manufucturing 2.8 2.9 0.0 95.1 90.9 2.0 5.2 0.0 3.8 Professional/Scientific/Technical Activities 3.0 0.0 0.0 92.0 95.2 0.0 0.0 8.0 4.8 Utilities 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction 5.7 1.7 1.8 84.2 62.7 12.4 9.3 1.7 26.2 Transportation 2.8 0.0 17.8 98.8 73.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 9.3 Buying and Selling 60.0 14.8 13.3 63.4 65.2 14.9 9.8 6.9 11.8 Financial/Insurance/Real Estate Services 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Personal Services 5.1 0.0 7.1 76.6 67.1 23.0 8.3 0.4 17.5 Education 0.3 0.0 91.9 8.1 0.0 Health 0.0 Public Administration 0.0 Tourism 0.0 Food Processing 13.6 23.7 29.9 41.5 57.6 24.4 10.3 10.4 2.2 Others 1.4 8.1 0.0 91.9 79.8 0.0 20.2 0.0 0.0 % of HHs with a family business 11.9 14.3 69.1 65.1 13.2 9.4 5.9 11.1 % of all HHs 7.1 5.1 41.6 23.1 7.9 3.3 3.5 3.9 * First confirmed coronavirus cases & counter measures in ealry/ mid March 2020. # Official Use Table 4.10. None/Less revenues in family business Percentage of Percentage of HHs with a HHs with a Level family family business business Usual place of business closed - coronavirus legal restrictions 12.1 Relation to coronavirus outbreak & related counter measures Ill/quarantined due to coronavirus 1.5 Need to take care of a family member 0 Potentially 93.16 No customers/ less customers 70.5 related Cant' get input 5.1 Can't travel/ transport goods for sale 4.0 Usual place of business closed for another reason 2.1 Ill with another disease 0 Potentially Seasonal Closure 0.8 6.84 unrelated Vacation 0.0 Other 3.9 # Official Use Table 4.11. Family farms - prevalence Includes crops, livestock, & fishing Percent HHs, by (IHPS) wealth quintiles Total Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 % of HHs HHs farming in 2019 95.3 90.5 89.1 85.9 67.3 85.6 HHs farming since the beginning of 2020 97.6 94.2 93.4 87.5 72.8 89.1 Share of HHs farming with activities disrupted since mid-March 2020 4.3 4.5 10.3 6.6 12.6 7.8 # Official Use Table 4.12. HH Income sources in the last 12 months Change in Income since mid-March Source of livelihood % of HHs More Same Less Household farming, livestock or fishing 89.3 5.0 22.3 72.6 Non-farm family business 43.6 5.3 11.2 83.5 Wage employment of household members 33.3 4.6 37.0 58.4 Remittances from abroad 4.9 1.3 14.4 84.3 Remittances from family within the country 13.6 5.5 17.2 77.2 Assistance from other non-family individuals 9.2 5.1 31.4 63.5 Income from properties, investments, savings 10.3 6.0 32.5 61.5 Pension 1.2 5.6 79.2 15.2 Assistance from the Government 3.1 5.6 38.9 55.5 Assistance from NGOs / charitable orgs 2.1 3.8 11.3 84.9 Other 7.4 5.8 11.9 82.3 Overall income 4.5 14.9 80.6 # Official Use Table 4.13. Percentage of HHs with Non-Farm Businesses (only HHs interviewed in COVID-19 phone survey) Percent HHs, by (IHPS) wealth quintiles Total Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 % HHs with Non-Farm Businesses in 2018-2019 27.7 30.3 41.5 50.2 66.1 43.7 HHs with Non-Farm Business since the beginning of 2020* 24.0 22.4 37.6 48.2 54.4 38.0 *Family business in sectors that are not agriculture, hunting, or fishing In the case of HHs with Non-Farm Businesses in 2018-2019 the sample has been restricted to show only NFE that reported they were operating # Official Use Table 5.1 SAFETY NETS since mid-March 2020 Percent HHs, by (IHPS) wealth quintiles % of respondents by residence Types of assistance, any institution % of HHs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Urban Rural Food 2 1 3 3 2 2 1 3 Direct cash transfers 1 3 3 0 1 0 1 2 Average amount of cash transfer (in Kwacha) 18337 8060 28042 11089 21977 16030 18583 Other in-kind (not food) transfers 7 9 9 8 6 5 5 8 # Official Use Table 5.2 Source of Assistance since mid-March 2020 Main source of assistance % of HH that received assistance % of respondents by residence National Urban Rural Government 23.4 6.6 25.5 Community Organization 8.8 4.7 9.3 NGO 29.4 69.5 24.4 International Organization 6.9 1.7 7.6 Religious bodies 24.7 11.5 26.3 Cooperative Companies 4.8 5.9 4.6 Other 2.0 0.0 2.2 # Official Use Table 6.1. Prevalence of Crop Farming in 2020 Agricultural Season Region Total # % North Central South Crop Farm Households 1356 89.6 88.2 88.7 90.7 Non Crop Farm Houeholds 373 10.4 11.8 11.3 9.3 Total respondents 1729 100.0 # Official Use Table 6.2 Number of Household growing one of the three main crops 2019/20 Agricultural Season % of respondents 2019 (IHS5) land quintiles by residence Crops, ordered by prevalence % of producer HHs Urban Rural Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 MAIZE LOCAL 43.2 35.1 44.3 36.3 44.2 45.4 47.1 40.1 MAIZE HYBRID 43.7 59.7 41.5 41.5 37.0 44.4 39.9 50.5 RICE IET4094 (SENGA) 0.4 0.1 0.4 3.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 PIGEONPEA(NANDOLO) 24.9 7.7 27.4 17.2 23.0 29.2 30.7 20.9 NKHWANI 16.6 18.9 16.3 21.3 20.0 22.4 14.9 9.9 # Official Use Table 6.3. Progress in Crop Harvest, by region Overall North Central South # % # % # % Harvest has not begun for any of the 3 main crops 2.2 15 4.7 2 0.9 16 2.8 Harvest is on-going oe complete for some crops and has not begun for others 34.9 117 63.0 51 8.6 280 50.7 Harvest is complete for the 3 main crops 62.9 75 32.3 500 90.6 299 46.5 # Official Use Table 6.4a. Proportion of Households Whose Harvesting Decision were affected by COVID 19 Total # All HHs Region Residence North Central South Urban Rural Yes, COVID 19 Affected Harvesting Decisions 156 7.8 10.9 12.5 2.6 7.5 7.9 No, COVID 19 Didn't Affect Havesting Decisions 1517 92.2 89.1 87.5 97.4 92.5 92.1 Total respondents 1673 # Official Use Table 6.4b. Distribution of How COVID 19 Affected Crop Harvesting, by region and Land Quintiles Overall Regions Land Quintiles North Central South # % # % # % Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Took COVID 19 Saftety Measures 35.6 4.0 17.4 36.0 47.9 1.0 0.9 13.3 21.5 34.2 43.3 42.2 Could Not Hire any Workers Despite the Need 10.7 8.0 11.9 5.0 1.1 14.0 52.6 14.1 24.2 11.8 4.1 10.1 Hired Less Workers Than Desired 12.0 1.0 1.2 13.0 15.3 3.0 9.2 15.0 3.1 9.3 7.5 18.6 Abandoned Crops in the Field 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Delayed Harvesting 36.5 13.0 42.4 39.0 35.9 9.0 32.4 50.8 63.5 43.3 20.6 32.0 Others Specify 7.0 3.0 28.4 1.0 1.1 4.0 8.9 5.1 0.0 7.2 16.6 2.2 Early Harvest 0.8 0.0 0.0 18.0 1.9 1.0 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.2 2.0 0.6 # Official Use Table 6.5 Distribution of Measures Taken to Ensure Safety from COVID 19 During Crop Harvesting, by region Overall North Central South # % # % # % Use of sanitisers 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Use of Masks 0.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 No Hand Shakes 0.1 1.0 0.2 4.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 Use of Gloves 0.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Keeping 1M Distance 1.2 1.0 0.0 16.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 Other Specify 0.2 0.0 0.0 2.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 Self Imposed Travel Restrictions 1.2 1.0 0.6 16.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 Hired Labour 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.1 1.0 0.0 # Official Use Table 6.6 Distribution of Reasons for not Hiring During Crop Harvesting, by region Overall North Central South # % # % # % Fear of COVID 19 Transmission 69.2 5.0 37.7 14.0 92.4 8.0 49.2 High Cost of Labor 22.5 3.0 53.0 3.0 5.9 6.0 35.0 Lower Supply Due to COVID 19 Restrictions 8.2 1.0 9.3 1.0 1.7 3.0 15.8 Others Specify # Official Use Table 6.7. Demand and Receipt of Agricultural Extension Services, by region Needed Need For Extension Services Extension Services (# IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles % of respondents by Region Overall of HHs) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 North Central South Yes, Needed Agricultural Extension Services 530 33.5 37.1 33.4 33.9 36.9 25.6 36.0 31.1 34.9 No, Didn't Need Agricultural Extension Services 1199 66.5 62.9 66.6 66.1 63.1 74.4 64.0 68.9 65.1 # Official Use Table 6.7b. Share of Households that needed to Extension Servides but Could Not Access. Needed Needed Could not access (% that needed extension services) Extension Extension Services (# Services (% IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles % of respondents by Region Overall of HHs) of HHs) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 North Central South Yes, Needed Agricultural Extension Services 530 33.5 65.3 69.5 69.6 67.5 61.4 57.4 52.4 63.7 70.3 No, Didn't Need Agricultural Extension Services 1199 66.5 # Official Use Table 6.8. Prevalence of Livestock and Crop Farming Households, by region AG (# of AG Practising % of respondents by Region % of respondents by Region HHs) (% of HHs) North Central South Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Only Crop Farming Households 591 41.1 30.1 42.8 42.6 57.1 36.1 43.6 34.0 36.5 Only Livestock Farming Households 55 1.9 1.5 2.5 1.4 0.5 1.5 0.4 1.8 6.3 Both Crop and Livestock Households 765 57.0 68.4 54.6 56.1 42.4 62.4 56.0 64.2 57.2 # Official Use Table 6.9a Proportion of Households Whose Livestock Activities were affected by COVID 19 Total # All HHs Region Residence North Central South Urban Rural Yes, COVID 19 Affected Livestock Activities in My Farm 64 4.8 2.8 5.2 5.0 5.0 4.8 No, COVID 19 Didn't Affect Livestock Activities in My Farm 1629 95.2 97.2 94.8 95.0 95.0 95.2 Total respondents 1693 # Official Use Table 6.9b. Distribution of How COVID 19 Affected Livestock Activities, by region Overall North Central South # % # % # % I Had to Treat Livestock My Self Because of Unavailability of Service Providers 21 1 4.4 11 40.0 2 5.9 I Could Not Vaccinate My Animals 20 1 2.1 3 9.2 6 32.4 I could not Deworm My Animals 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 I Had To Postpone/Delay Insemination of Animals 0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 I Had to Change Feed Ration Because of Cost and Feed Availability 36 10 85.0 8 23.8 14 41.2 I cannot sell an animal 6 0 0.0 4 11.9 1 1.0 I had to change the number of times the animal is getting water 20 1 8.4 3 20.6 3 20.5 # Official Use Table 6.10. Sales of Agricultural Produce Needed Needed Sale of Agicultural Produce to sell (# to sell (% IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles % of respondents by Region of HHs) of HHs) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 North Central South Yes, Needed to Sell Agricultural Products 547 36.0 35.1 42.8 35.0 40.9 24.8 40.1 45.4 26.3 No,did not need to Sell Agricultural Products 1175 64.0 64.9 57.2 65.0 59.1 75.2 59.9 54.6 73.7 # Official Use Table 6.10b. Share of Households that needed to Sell Agricultural Produce but Could Not. Needed to Needed to Could not sell (% that needed to sell Agricultural Produce) sell (# of sell (% of Overall IHPS PCA Index Based Wealth Quintiles % of respondents by Region HHs) HHs) All HHs Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 North Central South Yes, Needed to Sell Agricultural Products 547 36.0 48.4 53.8 43.8 41.9 52.4 54.5 48.8 48.0 48.9 No,did not need to Sell Agricultural Products 1175 64.0 # Official Use