Assam Gender There is mixed progress for women in Assam. The child sex ratio is higher than in most other states, but is declining. And, although maternal mortality rates in Assam have improved, they are still the highest in the country. Moreover, after 2005, gender gaps in schooling have widened. A majority of the rural women are employed on the farm. While few urban women work, a larger share of them have salaried jobs compared to urban men. There has been a sharp decline in female labor force participation in the state after 2005. As a result, there are fewer women in the Assam’s workforce compared to most other states. Child sex ratio in Assam is among the highest in the country Child sex ratio, 2011 (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 972 970 970 969 964 962 957 957 956 948 948 950 943 943 942 941 939 936 935 919 918 909 902 900 894 890 890 888 871 862 850 846 834 800 AR MG MZ CG KL AS SK TR WB KA JH NL TN GA OD AP MN BH AI MP HP UP MH GJ UK RJ DL JK PJ HR Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. Child sex ratio is declining in Assam Child sex ratio, (age 0-6) females per 1,000 males 1,000 975 965 962 950 900 850 800 1991 2001 2011 1 June 20, 2017 Assam Gender Maternal health is improving in Assam Maternal mortality ratio maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 600 500 490 400 390 300 300 200 100 0 2003 2009 2013 Assam has the highest maternal mortality ratio in the country Maternal mortality ratio, 2013 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births 300 300 285 285 244 221 221 222 208 208 200 167 141 127 133 112 113 100 92 79 68 61 0 KL MH TN AP GJ WB HR KA PJ AI BH JH MP CG OD RJ UP UK AS Data for 19 large states and All India. Low income states are highlighted in orange and AI is All India. 2 June 20, 2017 Assam Gender Secondary education attainment among adult females in Assam is among the lowest in the country Secondary education attainment among women, 2012 (% adults) 70 60 57 52 50 46 43 41 40 38 38 35 34 34 33 31 30 30 28 28 26 26 26 26 22 21 21 20 20 20 20 16 16 16 15 14 10 0 DL GA NL KL HP MN PJ MH TN HR KA UK MG MZ AR JK AP AI GJ SK AS UP JH WB MP CG OD RJ BH TR Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. Assam has fewer women than men with secondary education, rural women lag behind urban Education attainment, 2012 (% adults) 35 33 31 31 30 Rural Females 26 25 24 22 25 34 23 18 21 20 15 Urban Females 12 10 11 21 21 47 5 0 Males Females 0 20 40 60 80 100 ■ Illiterate ■ Literate or primary school completed ■ Middle school completed ■ Secondary school or higher completed 3 June 20, 2017 Assam Gender Gender gaps in schooling have widened for some younger groups in Assam Enrolled in education institutes, (%) 2005 21-23 9 16 7 Female Male 18-20 26 34 8 15-17 61 65 4 Age 12-14 88 88 0 9-11 93 92 -1 6-8 85 84 -1 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 Enrolled in education institutes, (%) 2012 21-23 13 16 3 Female Male 18-20 35 48 13 15-17 77 79 2 Age 12-14 91 94 3 9-11 98 98 0 6-8 89 92 3 100 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 4 June 20, 2017 Assam Gender Female labor force participation in Assam is among the lowest in the country Female labor force participation rate, 2012 (%) 70 63 63 60 55 55 49 50 47 43 41 40 40 38 38 37 37 36 33 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 27 25 25 25 24 20 19 17 15 10 9 0 HP SK CG MG MZ AP RJ NL TN MH AR TR UK MN KA OD JK KL AI MP GJ PJ JH WB UP GA HR AS DL BH Low Income States are highlighted in orange, AI is All India. Female labor force participation in Assam dropped substantially after 2005 Labor force participation rate, (%) 100 87 84 83 80 82 76 77 Rural Male 60 Urban Male Rural Female 40 Urban Female 33 25 18 20 16 17 13 0 1993-94 2004-05 2011-12 5 June 20, 2017 Assam Gender A large majority of rural women work in farming in Assam, more non-farm jobs for men Share of employed, 2012 (%) Rural Males Rural Females 6 12 8 7 7 22 59 79 ■ Farm - All ■ Non-farm Self Employed ■ Non-farm Salaried ■ Non-farm Casual Wage When urban women work in Assam, they are more likely to have salaried jobs than urban men Share of employed, 2012 (%) Urban Males Urban Females 10 4 8 7 35 52 45 39 ■ Farm - All ■ Non-farm Self Employed ■ Non-farm Salaried ■ Non-farm Casual Wage 6 June 20, 2017