SFG1993 V6 DRAFT FINAL REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) FOR THE REHABILITATION OF THE OFFICE SPACE FOR THE IBADAN URBAN FLOOD MANAGEMENT PROJECT i|Page TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................................................... ii TABLE OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................... iv TABLE OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................. iv TABLE OF GRAPHS ................................................................................................................................... v LIST OF ACRONYMS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................ v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER ONE ....................................................................................................................................... 10 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 RATIONALE FOR IUFMP OFFICE REHABILATION ......................................................................... 10 1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES ................................................. 11 1.2.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE ESMP.................................................................................................... 11 1.2.2 USE AND MAINTENANCE OF THE ESMP............................................................................... 12 1.2.3 SCOPE OF THE ESMP ............................................................................................................ 13 1.2.4 ESMP APPROACH ................................................................................................................. 13 1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................ 13 1.3.1 PROJECT AREA LOCATION .................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER TWO ...................................................................................................................................... 18 2.0 BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................... 18 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA OF INFLUENCE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS .................................................................................................................................. 18 2.1.1. LAND-USE AND LOCATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ....................................................... 18 2.1.2 SOIL STUDIES ........................................................................................................................ 21 2.1.3 WATER STUDIES ................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.4 CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY............................................................................................. 27 2.1.5 RELIEF AND DRAINAGE......................................................................................................... 30 2.1.6 GEOLOGY AND SOILS............................................................................................................ 30 2.1.7 AIR & NOISE QUALITY ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 31 2.1.5 BIODIVERSITY ....................................................................................................................... 33 2.1.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................ 34 2.1.7 TRAFFIC STUDIES .................................................................................................................. 34 2.2 DESCRIPTION OF SOCIO BASELINE CONDITION .......................................................................... 37 2.2.1 POPULATION GROWTH ........................................................................................................ 37 ii | P a g e 2.2.2. SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SAMPLED INDIVIDUALS AND HOUSEHOLDS IN THE PROJECT AREA ................................................................................................................... 38 CHAPTER THREE .................................................................................................................................... 40 3.0 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ................................. 40 3.0.1 IDENTIFICATION, PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF NEGATIVE IMPACTS ......................... 40 3.1 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ................................................................ 45 3.2 SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE IMPACTS OF THE OFFICE REHABILITATION............................................ 46 3.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS ........................................................................................ 46 3.2.2 OPERATIONAL IMPACTS ....................................................................................................... 46 CHAPTER FOUR ..................................................................................................................................... 47 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) ................................................... 47 4.0.1 THE PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................................................ 47 4.1 MONITORING AND REPORTING .................................................................................................. 47 4.1.1 INTERNAL MONITORING ...................................................................................................... 47 4.1.2 EXTERNAL MONITORING / THIRD PARTY VALIDATION ........................................................ 48 4.2 INSTITUTITIONAL FRAMEWORK.................................................................................................. 61 4.3 TRAINING .................................................................................................................................... 65 4.4 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE .................................................................................................... 67 4.4.1 BUDGET FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................... 69 4.5 ESMP DISCLOSURES .................................................................................................................... 69 4.6. GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES .......................................................................................................... 69 Grievance redress mechanisms ........................................................................................................ 69 CHAPTER FIVE ....................................................................................................................................... 71 5.0 CONSULTATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS....................................................................................... 71 5.1. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................... 75 ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................... 76 ANNEX 1: LIST OF RESPONDERS TO QUESTIONNAIRE ...................................................................... 76 ANNEX 2: SUMMARY OF WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ........................................................ 81 ANNEX 3: GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CONDITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTIONS/CIVIL WORKS. ............................................................................................................................................. 83 ANNEX 4: REFERENCES...................................................................................................................... 92 ANNEX 5: PHOTOS ............................................................................................................................ 93 iii | P a g e TABLE OF TABLES Table2. 1: Locations of Housing Estates in Ibadan North Metropolitan Area ...................................... 20 Table2. 2: GPS Location of the Soil Samples ......................................................................................... 22 Table2. 3: Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis Results Of Soil Samples of Proposed Office Space Soil Samples ................................................................................................................................ 23 Table2. 4: Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis Result of Ikolaba Project Site Well Water 25 Table2. 5: Meteorological Data for Ibadan North................................................................................ 28 Table2. 6: Air Quality Sampling Analysis within and around Project Site ............................................. 31 Table2. 8: Traffic Flow for Morning Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area ......................................... 35 Table2. 9: Traffic Flow for Morning Off – Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area ................................ 35 Table2. 10: Traffic Flow for Afternoon Off - Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area ............................ 36 Table2. 11: Traffic Flow for Afternoon Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area .................................... 36 Table3. 1: Project Phases & Sources of Impact..................................................................................... 40 Table3. 2: Impactable Components of the Environment and Associated Impact Indicator ........... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table3. 3: Characterization of Impact ...................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Table3. 4: Evaluation of Environmental & Social Impacts .................................................................... 42 Table4. 1: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan ................................................. 49 Table5. 1: Summary of Public Consultation ......................................................................................... 72 TABLE OF FIGURES FIGURE1. 2: (A-F): THE EXISTING STATUS OF THE PROJECT SITE ...................................................... 15 Figure1. 3: Existing Floor Plan ............................................................................................................... 15 Figure1. 4: Proposed Ground Floor Plan ............................................................................................... 16 Figure1. 5: Proposed First Floor Plan .................................................................................................... 16 Figure1. 6: Security House and Driver’s Lounge ................................................................................... 17 Figure2. 1: Map Showing the Settlement Patterns on the Basis of Income Earnings in the Ibadan Metropolitan ......................................................................................................................................... 19 Figure2. 2: Land Use Pattern around the Project Site. ......................................................................... 20 Figure2. 3: Environmental Team Taking Soil Sample with Soil Auger................................................... 22 Figure2. 4: Blocked Drainage System along Ikolaba Road beside the Project Site ............................... 24 FIGURE2. 5: WATER SAMPLING AROUND THE PROJECT SITE ............................................................... 25 Figure2. 6: Air Quality Sampling within Project Site ............................................................................. 31 Figure2. 7: Air Quality Sampling (Control) along Ikolaba Road............................................................. 31 FIGURE2. 8: Sampling Points for the Environmental Media Around the Project Site. ......................... 33 Figure2. 9: Vegetation around the Project Area ................................................................................... 34 iv | P a g e Figure2. 10 and 2.11: Household Waste and Construction Waste beside the Site and across the project site respectively. ....................................................................................................................... 34 Figure2. 12: Traffic Count along Ikolaba Road and Access Road to Project Site .................................. 37 Figure3. 1: Impact Evaluation Assessment, Mitigation and Management Procedure . Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure5. 1: Consultation with the Stakeholders.................................................................................... 74 TABLE OF GRAPHS GRAPH 2. 1 - 2.2: GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF RAINFALL(MM) AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE (TMIN) FOR THE YEAR 2013 AND 2014 ................................................................................................. 29 GRAPH 2. 3 - 2.4: GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE (TMAX) AND OF WIND SPEED (MTRS. /S) FOR THE YEAR 2013 AND 2014...................................................................... 30 GRAPH 2. 5: GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF SUNSHINE HOURS FOR THE YEAR 2013 AND 2014.... 30 GRAPH2. 6: Estimate Population Of Some Of The Major Residential Areas Of Ibadan North As At 2010. ..................................................................................................................................................... 38 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND THEIR DEFINITIONS IUFMP – Ibadan Urban Floor Management Project WB – World Bank PIU – Project Implementation Unit v|Page OP – Operational Policy EMP – Environmental Management Plan ESIAs – Environmental and Social Impact Assessments ESMP – Environmental and Social Management Plan FEPA – Federal Environmental Protection Agency PDO – Project Development Objective SPM – Suspended Particulate Matter BQ – Boys Quarter IBN – Ibadan North Local Government SPM – Suspended Particulate Matter HCRA – High Class Residential Area GRA – Government Residential Area NCC – Nigerian Communications Commission T – Top B – Bottom GPS – Global Positioning System FGDs – Focus Group Discussions ACM – Asbestos Containing Materials TPV – Third Party Validation FAC – First Aid Cases LTI – Lost Time Injuries OYRTMA – Oyo State Road Traffic Management Authority FRSC – Federal Road Safety Corps IEC – Independent Environmental Consultant CBOs – Community Based Organizations CSOs – Civil Society Organizations PIC – Prior Informed Consent IUCN – International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The World Bank is supporting the Oyo State Government to implement the Ibadan Urban Flood Management project (IUFMP) that aims at developing a long-term flood vi | P a g e risk management framework by initiating risk assessment, community awareness, and providing enough flexibility in the project design to make changes based on learning. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to “improve the capacity of Oyo State to manage flood risk and to respond effectively and promptly to flooding in the city of Ibadan�. The IUFMP activities involve medium-sized civil works such as construction of infrastructure and/or stabilization or rehabilitation in and around the Ibadan city. These could result in environmental and social impacts thus triggering the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment OP 4.01; Involuntary Resettlement OP4.12; Natural Habitats OP 4.04; Physical Cultural Resources OP 4.11, and Safety of Dams OP 4.37 and Public Disclosure OP 17.60. RATIONALE FOR ESMP AND OBJECTIVE OF ESMP The existing IUFMP PIU Office Space is located within the Oyo State Secretariat, at the Ministry of Local Government and Chieftaincy Matter’s Building; last floor, directly above the Ministry of Finance and Economy Planning Conference Room. It is a limited space shared among the Ten (10) Specialists; Two Consultants and five (5) support staffs. Thus there will be the rehabilitation of an Office space with proposed civil works including amongst others demolition, reconstruction and rehabilitation of interior walls, floors and roof where necessary as outlined in the report. Thus, it will require an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP). PROJECT AREA DESCRIPTION The project area is located within Ibadan North Local government area in Oyo State, Nigeria which is the largest local government in Ibadan. The project land area is 3105.757m2, having existing main building of three bed room bungalow and a Boys Quarter (BQ) of two rooms with kitchen, bathroom and toilet as indicated in Figure 1.2(a –h) on page7 of this report. BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS Site reconnaissance and field survey was carried out from the 5th of April, 2016 to 7th of April 2016, to establish the current state of project site and its environs and to obtain a view of the activities on and around the proposed site and establish contact and consultations with the neighbours. DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA OF INFLUENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS vii | P a g e The baseline conditions within the area of Influence, as defined by the World Bank Group IFC in Performance Standard 1, that were investigated include; Land use patterns around the project site, air quality, ground (well) water, soil, and studies on the project site and traffic Studies of the flow of vehicles along the access roads to the project site and the demographic studies of the area. The results obtained are presented in this report. IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT Rehabilitation of Project Office will have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. Based on the assessment, the potential negative environmental and social impacts were identified to include amongst others:  Disposal of excavated materials and construction wastes.  Minimization of visual impacts  Pollution by construction run-off.  Safety hazards from construction activities and during operation.  Traffic disruption during construction activities. SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE IMPACTS OF THE OFFICE REHABILITATION Apart from the negative impacts highlighted above arising from construction phase major positive impacts that may arise from the project amongst others are:  Increased job opportunity for locals during construction, for site clearing, for construction and vegetation/ landscape activities, for security personnel, and other forms of employment in the operational phase of the project  Improved efficiency of the Project Management unit on the Ibadan ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) THE PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigation is a critical component of the Environmental and Social Impacts Assessment process. The feasible, practical and cost effective mitigation measures for identified impact are outlined in table -4.1 of the report. MONITORING AND REPORTING A comprehensive monitoring plan for the ESMP comprising monitoring parameters, frequency and responsibility of monitoring is given in table4.1 of this report. Compliance to the proposed monitoring plan will be affected through internal and external monitoring mechanism to achieve the objectives of ESMP. INSTITUTITIONAL FRAMEWORK viii | P a g e One of the main purposes of ESMPs is to establish responsibility for the activities that have to be undertaken. The successful implementation of this ESMP depends on the commitment and capacity of various institutions and stakeholders to implement the ESMP effectively. Thus, the arrangement as well as the roles and responsibilities of the institutions and persons that will be involved in the implementation, monitoring and review of the ESMP are as outlined in table 4.2 of this report. TRAINING The PIU must identify the knowledge and skills necessary for implementing efficiently and effectively the ESMP. All persons responsible for undertaking work during the life of the project must be trained on the contents of the ESMP as identified in the report. This training will be a requirement of contract for the Contractor. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The activities related to environmental and social management and monitoring have to be integrated in the overall construction schedule. The key elements of the implementation schedule are presented in Table4.4 of this report. BUDGET FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION The tentative budget for the project includes the environmental and social mitigation cost, management costs, cost of environmental monitoring and capacity building. All administrative costs for implementing the ESMP shall be budgeted for as part of the PIU costing. The total indicative cost for implementing the ESMP is estimated at –twenty- four thousand, eight hundred and five Dollars only ($24,805) for implementing the ESMP on the project ix | P a g e CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION The World Bank is supporting the Oyo State Government to implement the Ibadan Urban Flood Management project (IUFMP) that aims at developing a long-term flood risk management framework by initiating risk assessment, community awareness, and providing enough flexibility in the project design to make changes based on learning. The project also supports capacity building for flood risk management in the city of Ibadan. It reinforces Oyo State government’s early warning and response capabilities and leverages existing World Bank projects in Oyo State in support of the IUFMP. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to “improve the capacity of Oyo State to manage flood risk and to respond effectively and promptly to flooding in the city of Ibadan�. In Oyo State, IUFMP activities involve medium-sized civil works such as construction of infrastructure and/or stabilization or rehabilitation in and around the Ibadan city. These could result in environmental and social impacts thus triggering the World Bank’s Safeguard Policies including Environmental Assessment OP 4.01; Involuntary Resettlement OP4.12; Natural Habitats OP 4.04; Physical Cultural Resources OP 4.11, and Safety of Dams OP 4.37 and Public Disclosure OP 17.60. 1.1 RATIONALE FOR IUFMP OFFICE REHABILATION The existing IUFMP PIU Office Space is located within the Oyo State Secretariat, at the Ministry of Local Government and Chieftaincy Matter’s Building; last floor, directly above the Ministry of Finance and Economy Planning Conference Room. IUFMP have institutional arrangement for project implementation, and especially on ground is the Project Implementation Unit (PIU). The PIU comprise of Ten (10) Specialists, including the Project Coordinator; support staffs and consultants, of which the present office accommodation is not sufficient for efficient service delivery. The Office is a “C� corner shape with eleven offices, a conference room and two extended conveniences (Toilets). This limited space is shared among the Ten (10) Specialists; Two Consultants and five (5) support staffs. Apart from the inadequate office space, the conference room is not spacious enough to accommodate the series of meetings held by the Project: Meeting of the ISC; PTC; WB Missions; meetings with relevant MDAs; Stakeholder and so on. The Conveniences are 10 | P a g e insufficient and there are interferences by passersby, clients and Ministry of Local Governments’ guests and other offices sharing same building with the Project. Meanwhile the proposed allotted office space is just three bed room bungalow with two rooms BQ. These cannot in anyway be adequate for the IUFMP’s proposed office space of 32 office rooms, 2 conference rooms (50 and 30 people capacities), 2 syndicate meeting rooms, a store, 2 ante rooms for the Project Coordinator and the Communication Specialist; generator house, security post, Drivers shed, kitchenette and conveniences; without rehabilitation. Thus the need for rehabilitation of the newly allocated office space. The rehabilitation of the Office space is classified as a category “B� project according to the World Bank categorization and a category II project according to the FMEnv categorization. Thus, it will require an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP). 1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES The proposed civil works include:  Demolition and reconstruction of interior walls where necessary;  Expansion for office space;  Rehabilitation of all Roofing works;  Replacement and rehabilitation of all windows and windows boards/ works;  Replacement of all doors and frames  Rehabilitation of all floors and floor finishes;  Rehabilitation of all walls and rehabilitation of all finishes;  Rehabilitation of all ceiling finishes;  Drilling of a bore hole drilling and installation of plumbing, overhead storage tanks, damp proof wall tiles and toilet equipment’s;  Installation of electrical fittings;  Rehabilitation of all Interior plans and finishing; 1.2.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE ESMP The objective is to undertake the necessary studies and prepare an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) of the proposed office space rehabilitation in compliance with the World Bank environmental, social safeguards policies and procedures; as well as the Oyo State Ministry of Environment and Habitat and the Federal Ministry of Environment guidelines and procedures. Specifically, the ESMP objective will facilitate: 11 | P a g e  Identification of the significant adverse environmental and social impacts resulting from the proposed rehabilitation of Project Office;  The implementation of the mitigation measures identified by providing the technical details of each impact, and providing implementation schedule  Provision of Environmental standards for overall planning, operation, audit and review;  Define the responsibilities of project proponents, contractors and other role players, and effectively communicate environmental and social safeguards issues among them;  Define a monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters to ensure that all mitigation measures are completely and effectively implemented;  Identify training requirements at various levels and provide a plan for implementation.  Integration of sound environment performance fully into project activities;  Encourage and achieve the highest Environmental performance and response from individual employee and contractor;  Enable management to rationalize and streamline environmental activities to add value in efficiency and effectiveness while establishing environmental priorities Concisely the ESMP for the Proposed Rehabilitation of the Project Office Space for IUFMP Project Implementation Unit will help PIU address the adverse environmental impact of the project, enhance project benefits, and introduce standards of good environmental practice. 1.2.2 USE AND MAINTENANCE OF THE ESMP This ESMP shall be used as a dynamic working tool, updated and revised periodically, throughout the project life span to incorporate improved environmental technologies, regulations, management systems, guidelines and policies. The environmental and management issues that have been specifically considered within this ESMP include:  Construction waste arising from rehabilitation works  Waste management and minimization  Noise  Human and vehicular traffic  Traffic/vibration management This ESMP is designed to ensure that appropriate environmental controls are integrated into construction phase. The overall responsibility of ensuring the implementation of the ESMP will lie with the main contractor. PIU expects the Main Contractor, all sub- contractors and other parties involved in the Project to comply with all applicable environmental, health and safety legislation as a minimum standard. 12 | P a g e 1.2.3 SCOPE OF THE ESMP The scope of this ESMP covers the Rehabilitation of Office Space for the Ibadan Urban Flood Management Project as described in section 1.2 above in the report. 1.2.4 ESMP APPROACH In establishment of an Environmental and Social Management Plan for the Rehabilitation of the Office Space for the Ibadan Urban Flood Management Project (IUFMP, Initial site reconnaissance visit to determine existing conditions and activities on the project site and its immediate environs was conducted and followed by;  Extensive literature review on the project scope, importance, social and environmental impacts of building rehabilitation and upgrade operations;  Site assessment study to identify environmental and social issues relevant to the project area and the potential impacts of the existing activities on the environment; o Description of the existing activities around the project and the receiving environment and subsequent evaluation of the Environmental and Social Situation; o Focused group discussions and consultations with relevant stakeholders on and around the project; o Identification and proffer of proposed management strategies to ensure the environment is appropriately protected and environmental and social issues are appropriately mitigated; o Description of proponent’s environmental management Policies and commitments; o Description of Institutional arrangements: their roles and responsibilities; o Description of National and International (World bank) Legal requirements; o Establishment of Implementation programme; o Establishment of cost estimates and financial resources; and  Preparation and submission of reports in accordance to World Bank requirements. 1.3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.3.1 PROJECT AREA LOCATION The project area as indicated in Figure 1.1 is located at axis quarter 1068 Ikolaba Government Reservation Area, of Ibadan North Local Government (IBN) Area, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. 13 | P a g e The land area is 3105.757m2, having existing main building of three bed room bungalow and a Boys Quarter (BQ) of two rooms with kitchen, bathroom and toilet as indicated in Figure 1.2(a –h). The floor plan and proposed designs are indicated in Figure 1.3 - Figure 1.6. Figure1. 1: Project Site Location a.) Main gate to the site b.) Main Building (Front view) view) c.) Untrimmed tree breaking fence wall d.) Boy’s Quarter at site (side view) 14 | P a g e f.) broken ceiling with microbial growth e.) Interior showing broken ceiling FIGURE1. 1: (A-F): THE EXISTING STATUS OF THE PROJECT SITE Figure1. 2: Existing Floor Plan 15 | P a g e The proposed IUFMP’s office space consist of 32 office rooms, 2 conference rooms (50 and 30 people capacities), 2 syndicate meeting rooms, a store, 2 ante rooms for the Project Coordinator and the Communication Specialist; generator house, security post, Drivers shed, kitchenette and conveniences. Figure1. 3: Proposed Ground Floor Plan Figure1. 4: Proposed First Floor Plan 16 | P a g e Figure1. 5 : Security House and Driver’s Lounge 17 | P a g e CHAPTER TWO 2.0 BIOPHYSICAL AND SOCIO ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS Site reconnaissance and field survey was carried out from the 5th of April, 2016 to 7th of April 2016, to establish the current state of project site and its environs and to obtain a view of the activities on and around the proposed site and establish contact and consultations with the neighbours. The field survey was primarily carried out to assess the environmental and social conditions of the project area. 2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA OF INFLUENCE, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS The Area of Influence, as defined by the World Bank Group IFC in Performance Standard 1, encompasses (i) the primary project site(s) and related facilities that the client (including its contractors) develops or controls; (ii) associated facilities that are not funded as part of the project and whose viability and existence depend exclusively on the project; (iii) areas potentially impacted by cumulative impacts from further planned development of the project; and (iv) areas potentially affected by impacts from unplanned but predictable developments caused by the project that may occur later or at a different location. In this regard, the baseline conditions that were investigated include; Land use patterns around the project site, air quality, ground (well) water, soil, and studies on the project site and traffic Studies of the flow of vehicles along the access roads to the project site and the demographic studies of the area. The results obtained are presented in the following paragraphs. 2.1.1. LAND-USE AND LOCATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES The administrative and commercial importance of Ibadan has resulted in land being a key investment, an asset and a status symbol for the population. Although land ownership is theoretically vested in the government through a land use decree, land is still very much privately owned by families and lineages. The general land use pattern of the Ibadan metropolitan area shows a clear distinction purely residential use for Urban Ibadan and agricultural use for Rural Ibadan. According to Ayeni(1994) residential land use is the most predominant among all land uses in the built up part of Ibadan. 18 | P a g e The project area comprises of Government Residential Areas (GRA) and estates. The inhabitants are unarguably the highest income earners in Ibadan North and are top businessmen and professionals who belong to the upper class in the society. Figure 2.1 is the settlement patterns on the basis of income earnings in the Ibadan metropolitan area. Ikolaba GRA is locally referred to High Class Residential Area (HCRA) as it comprises mixtures of modern blocks of flats, detached bungalows, mansions and duplexes with extremely aesthetic environment, good ventilation and very good drainage system. The land use patterns around the project site are represented in Figure 2.2. Figure2. 1: Map Showing the Settlement Patterns on the Basis of Income Earnings in the Ibadan Metropolitan 19 | P a g e Figure2. 2 : Land Use Pattern around the Project Site. 2.1.1.1 HOUSING DELIVERY SYSTEM The category of residential areas within the project area are the high class government reservation areas that have low population and housing densities of four to eight houses per hectare. Other key players in housing delivery include the state government, local governments, Property Development Corporation, Universities and the Polytechnic, Federal Government and Private estates in form of site and services. Table2. 1: Locations of Housing Estates in Ibadan North Metropolitan Ar ea Local Govern Govt. Res. Area Local Govt. Property Dev. ment Area Estates Corp Estates IBADAN Agodi GRA, Sabo Housing Old Bodija NORTH Ikolaba GRA, Scheme Estate Mokola Low Cost Housing Mokola Layout New Bodija Estate Estate Samonda Scheme (Old-Airport) Oke-Aremo Housing Scheme Field Survey by the Mrs Oluwagbuyi, 2016 20 | P a g e 2.1.1.2 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES The project area is a host to many educational centers in Nigeria. It has over 100 secondary schools, more than 300 primary schools, a polytechnic and the University of Ibadan (Filani, Akintola, and Ikporukpo, 1994:77). Notable educational institutions around the project site are: Ikolaba Grammar School (Jnr.) l, G.R.A., Ibadan; Ikolaba Grammar School (Jnr.) ll, G.R.A. Ibadan, Ikolaba Grammar School (Jnr.) lll, Total Garden,Ib, Ikolaba Grammar School (Snr.), G.R.A., Ibadan, Ikolaba High School (Jnr.) l, Ikolaba, Ikolaba High School (Jnr.) ll, Ikolaba, Ikolaba High School (Jnr.) lll, Ikolaba, Ikolaba High School (Snr.) l, Ikolaba, Ikolaba High School (Snr.) ll, Ikolaba, Lavender, Grace field Private and Goshen Heights, Sunbeam 2.1.1.3 COMMERCIAL & INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTIONS / ACTIVITIES Ibadan became the major commercial centre in the old western region. The key Governmental institutions in the area are the Federal Civil Service Secretariat, Customs, Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) Ibadan Zonal Office amongst others while industries establishment like the confectionaries, hospitality, block making industries and shopping complex / mall dot the landscape of the project area. The secretariat serves as an office complex for ministries, agencies and parastatals of the Federal Government of Nigeria, South West region which were about 23 altogether 2.1.1.4 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES AND TOURISM The need to recreate and its satisfaction are as old as mankind. Given the fact that man has limited capacity for work, the provision for leisure and recreation helps in the sustenance of life. Within the project area is an “Ogunpa Lake� (called Dandaru by the Indigenes) at the upper course of Ogunpa River. Others include the State Government (Ministry of Agriculture established Agodi Gardens near the Dandaru lake for recreational activities during the public holidays; facilities in residential area of Bodija, Kongi, the University of Ibadan, Samonda areas, such as the Zoological Garden, Trans-wonderland, Cinema house at Agbowo Shopping Complex, Playgrounds at both the Polytechnic and the University of Ibadan Campus, Agodi Zoological Garden, Premier Hotel, K.S. Motel and D-Castle Inn along Queen Elizabeth Road. A sizable number of multipurpose Halls are springing up for social activities such as Ibadan House, P. I. Hostels along Bodija-UI Road. 2.1.2 SOIL STUDIES Random soil samples were collected within grid cells in the study area. This pattern was adopted in soil sampling to ensure that the entire area is covered for easy 21 | P a g e characterization of soil. Surface (0-15cm) for top (T) and sub-surface (15-30cm) for bottom (B) samples was collected. Sub-samples of soil for microbial analyses was taken in sterilized 100ml McCartney plastic bottles (properly labeled) and stored in a cool box. Samples for hydrocarbon analysis were collected into glass jars with covers and those for other physico-chemical parameters were stored in polyethylene bags. The samples were made into Composite. A control soil sample (top and bottom) was also taken from an offsite location. The GPS of the location of the samplings are presented in the table 2.2 below. The Sampling points for the environmental media – soil, water and air quality around the project site is presented in figure; 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 and 2.7. Analyses were carried out in a Federal Ministry of Environment and National Environmental Standards and Regulations enforcement Agency Accredited Laboratory using standard procedures for water and soil/sediment. Table2. 2: GPS Location of the Soil Samples Soil sampling point Location Control soil sample point N 07º 24’ 29.8’’ E003º 54’ 59.5’’ Soil sample 1 N 07º 24’ 27.9’’ E 003º 54’ 57.6’’ Soil sample 2 N07º 24’ 30.1’’ E 003º 54’ 55.1’’ Soil sample 3 N 07º 24’ 27.9’’ E 003º 54’ 57.6’’ Soil sample 4 N 07º 24’ 28.7’’ E 003º 54’ 58.8’’ Figure2. 3: Environmental Team Taking Soil Sample with Soil Auger 22 | P a g e Table2. 3: Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis Results Of Soil Samples of Proposed Office Space Soil Samples PARAMETERS IKOLABA SOIL SAMPLE IKOLABA CONTROL SOIL SAMPLE TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM (0 – 15 CM) (15 – 30 CM) (0 – 15 CM) (15 – 30 CM) pH (10% Solution) 6.45 6.60 6.38 6.48 PARTICULE SIZE % Sand 80.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 % Silt 10.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 % Clay 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 TOTAL ANALYSIS Calcium (meq/100g) 0.30 0.28 0.21 0.24 Magnessium (meq/100g) 0.29 0.27 0.30 0.26 Sodium (meq/100g) 0.17 0.16 0.20 0.19 Potassium (meq/100g) 0.35 0.29 0.31 0.33 Exchangeable Acidity 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 (meq/100g) ECEC (meq/100g) 1.11 1.00 1.02 1.02 Base Saturation (%) 98.23 98.03 98.08 98.08 Organic Carbon (%) 4.05 3.11 5.70 4.26 Total Nitrogen (%) 0.15 0.11 0.13 0.10 Phosphorus (mg/Kg) 115.40 100.50 170.30 168.30 Oil & Grease (mg/Kg) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 MICRO NUTRIENTS Copper (mg/Kg) 5.39 9.56 7.53 4.98 23 | P a g e Iron (mg/Kg) 380.55 436.27 378.21 424.71 Zinc (mg/Kg) 56.85 89.88 41.05 27.43 Manganese (mg/Kg) 223.22 138.16 148.95 202.97 HEAVY METALS Lead (mg/Kg) 22.87 17.57 15.02 19.15 Nickel (mg/Kg) 0.41 0.45 0.25 0.22 Cadmium (mg/Kg) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Chromium (mg/Kg) 0.95 1.21 0.94 0.82 MICROBIOLOGY ANALYSIS Total Bacteria Count 100 80 120 100 (cfu/g) Total Fungi Count (cfu/g) 40 50 30 30 Comment: Bacillus sp, Bacillus sp, Bacillus sp, Bacillus sp, Actinomycetes Actinomycetes Actinomycetes Actinomycetes 2.1.3 WATER STUDIES Surface water was not sampled within the project area of influence. The storm drains around the project site though blocked at time of sampling is channeled to a larger box Culvert drain that empties into Agodi Lake. Figure2. 4 : Blocked Drainage System along Ikolaba Road beside the Project Site 24 | P a g e Agodi Lake is a surface water source located behind the Agodi Garden, Ibadan North Local Government Area that receives all the municipal and industrial runoff, around the project area. Domestic waste and waste from markets and livestock also enter this lake. Ibadan is known for persistent water scarcity and people have been known to use water from this source during shortage. The lake also supplies many other human activities such as washing motor vehicles and clothes. All these leave the water body contaminated. The project area is largely urban but access to quality water supply varies from one residential area to the other, almost all households have a borehole. Besides, private water tankers do supply interested households with treated pipe-borne water. So, there is variation in the quality of water used in the area. On 7th of April, 2016, water sample was taken from the nearest shallow well located in the building next to the project site the GPS of the location is stated below; N070 24’ 29.2� E0030 54’ 56.7� FIGURE2. 5: WATER SAMPLING AROUND THE PROJECT SITE Table2. 4 : Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis Result of Ikolaba Project Site Well Water PARAMETERS RESULTS SON LIMIT WHO METHOD (NIS 306:2008) 25 | P a g e Appearance Colourless & - Colourless APHA 2120 B Clear & Clear Temperature (0C) 27.0 Ambient APHA 2550 B Turbidity (NTUb) 0.0 5.0 APHA 2130 B Conductivity (µS/cm) 194.0 1000 APHA 2510 B Colour (TCUa) 0.0 15.0 6.5 – 9.5 APHA 2120 A pH 7.69 6.5-8.5 APHA 4500-H+ B Acidity (mg/L) 10.25 - APHA 2310 B Alkalinity (mg/L) 103.66 - 500.00 APHA 2320 B Total Hardness (as CaCO3) 67.99 150 300.00 APHA 2340 C (mg/L) Calcium Hardness (mg/L) 46.52 - 200.00 APHA 2340 C Magnesium Hardness 21.47 - 1,000.00 APHA 2340 B (mg/L) Total Solids (mg/L) 92.0 - ND APHA 2540 B Total Suspended Solids 0.0 - APHA 2540 D (mg/L) Total Dissolved Solids 92.0 500 APHA 2540 C (mg/L) Phosphate (mg/L) <0.01 - 100.00 APHA 4500-P Nitrate (mg/L) <0.01 50 APHA 4500-NO3 B Sulphate (mg/L) 7.35 100 250.00 APHA 4500-SO4 E Chloride (mg/L) 22.38 250 APHA 4500-Cl B Sodium Chloride 36.93 - APHA 4500-Cl B METALS (mg/L) 0.30 Iron 0.01 0.3 0.01 APHA 3111 C 26 | P a g e Lead <0.01 0.01 2.00 APHA 3111 C Copper 0.04 1.0 0.02 APHA 3111 C Nickel <0.01 0.02 0.003 APHA 3111 C Cadmium <0.01 0.003 3.00 APHA 3111 C Zinc 0.07 3.0 0.05 APHA 3111 C Chromium <0.01 0.05 0.40 APHA 3111 E Manganese 0.01 0.2 APHA MICROBIOLOGY RESULTS Clostridium Nil Nil APHA 9215 B Perfringenes(cfu/ml) E.coli(cfu/ml) Nil Nil APHA 9221 E Faecal Nil Nil APHA 9215 B Streptococci(cfu/ml) Yeast & Mould (cfu/ml) Nil Nil APHA 9221 E Staphylococcus Nil Nil aureus(cfu/ml) Note: Nil = No Significant Bacteria Growth Comment: The overall quality of the water analysed satisfies SON Standard for drinking water quality. Microbial analysis shows that sample has Bacillus sp. and its within SON limits for coliform count. Recommendation:  Good Manufacturing practice should be sustained.  Microbial sterility of the water should be maintained. 2.1.4 CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY Weather and climate are two of the most common atmospheric parameters that can affect any location. Climate is the characteristic of atmospheric conditions measured over a long period of time (about 25 years); while weather describes the daily characteristic of various elements of climate. An understanding of the characteristics of weather and climate in and around the project area is important as it provides 27 | P a g e information on the prevailing atmospheric conditions in and around the study area for most part of the year. This is also essential for all proposed rehabilitation works. Ibadan is the capital of Oyo state in the South-West geo-political zone of Nigeria. Ibadan lies in the low latitude 7°3´N to 7°4ʹN and longitude 3°8´E to 3°9ʹE and is situated near the forest-grassland boundary of south-western Nigeria. The climate is tropical with wet and dry seasons. During the wet/rainy season (March – October), the city is under the influence of moist maritime south-west monsoon wind which blows inland from the Atlantic Ocean. The dry season occurs from November to February during which time, the dry dust laden winds blow from the Sahara Desert. This dry season is characterized with low humidity and high evaporation rate. The annual average temperature is between 24 and 32 °C with the average annual relative humidity of 80% and average annual precipitation between 1007 and 1703 mm. The mean temperatures are highest at the end of the Harmattan (averaging 28°C), that is from the middle of January to the onset of the rains in the middle of March. Even during the rainfall months, average temperatures are relatively high, between 24°C and 25°C, while annual fluctuation of temperature is about 6°C. The data used in this study were derived from the climate and meteorological data obtained from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency, Oshodi; Lagos State. The data provide information on the general climate and meteorology conditions such as the air temperature, rainfall, wind speed and direction. Table2. 5: Meteorological Data for Ibadan North IBADAN NORTH METEREOLOGICAL DATA RAINFALL (mm) STN YEAR JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Ibadan 2013 3.3 64.4 139 181 115.3 54.7 173.1 52.4 213.1 131.2 11 0 Ibadan 2014 17.5 57.7 68.2 143.1 170.9 85.1 77.5 173.5 149.3 221.7 69.1 0 TMIN STN YEAR JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Ibadan 2013 22.9 22.2 22.5 23 21.9 21.3 21.4 20.8 21.4 21.1 21.5 23 Ibadan 2014 20.6 21.9 22.7 22.3 21.6 21.4 21.2 20.7 21.2 21.1 21.9 21 TMAX STN YEAR JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Ibadan 2013 32.4 33.8 33.6 31.7 30.9 28.9 27 30 31 32 33 32 Ibadan 2014 33.4 34.8 34.9 33.7 32.2 29.7 28.3 28.1 29.6 30.9 33.2 33.3 28 | P a g e WIND SPEED (mtrs./s) STN YEAR JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Ibadan 2013 3.6 5 4.6 4.8 2.7 4.3 5.7 0.8 0.7 3.6 3.7 3.9 Ibadan 2014 4.6 6.5 6.6 5.7 4.2 5.7 4 8.4 6.1 4.9 3.3 3.5 SUNSHINE HOURS STN YEAR JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Ibadan 2013 6.4 6.8 7.6 6.1 5.6 4.9 4.6 4.1 4.5 5.8 7.1 5.7 Ibadan 2014 5.5 6.5 8.6 6.7 7.1 4.9 5.9 4.8 4.8 6 7.7 6.7 WIND DIRECTION STN YEAR JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Ibadan 2013 SW SW SW SW SW W SW W W SW W SW Ibadan 2014 SW SW SW S SW SW SW SW SW SW SW SW Source: Nigerian Meteorological Agency Lagos, 2016. 2.1.4.1 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF CLIMATIC DATA 250 23.5 RAINF TMI 23 200 ALL N 22.5 (mm) 22 150 21.5 Year 2013 Year 2013 100 21 Year 2014 20.5 Year 2014 50 20 19.5 0 19 JAN JUL SEP NOV MAY MAR GRAPH2. 1 - 2.2: GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF RAINFALL(MM) AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE (TMIN) FOR THE YEAR 2013 AND 2014 40 WIND TMA 10 35 SPEED X 30 8 (mtrs./s) 25 6 20 Year 2013 Year 2013 15 4 Year 2014 Year 2014 10 2 5 0 0 JAN JUL SEP NOV MAR MAY JAN JUL SEP NOV MAR MAY 29 | P a g e GRAPH2. 2 - 2.4: GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE (TMAX) AND OF WIND SPEED (MTRS. /S) FOR THE YEAR 2013 AND 2014 10 SUNSHINE 9 HOURS 8 7 6 5 Year 2013 4 Year 2014 3 2 1 0 JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV GRAPH2. 3: GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF SUNSHINE HOURS FOR THE YEAR 2013 AND 2014 2.1.5 RELIEF AND DRAINAGE Ibadan lies mostly on lowlands which are punctuated by rocky outcrops and series of hills. The metropolis is drained by three important rivers, R. Ogunpa, R. Ona and R. Ogbere and their several tributaries including Omi, Kudeti, Alaro and Alapata. The major tributary of R. Ogunpa is the R. Kudeti, both of them drain the eastern part of Ibadan. The western part of the city, which consists of more recent residential and other developments, is drained by the R. Ona and its numerous tributaries, including the Alalubosa, Oshun and Yemoja streams. This combination of hills and river valleys provide a good drainage for the city but it has suffered a lot of abuse due to blockages of the water courses by solid wastes coupled with the construction of structures along the river courses and sometimes right within the river course itself. These practices constitute the major reasons for the incessant flooding as occasioned by the recent flood disasters. 2.1.6 GEOLOGY AND SOILS Ibadan is underlain by basement complex rocks which are mainly metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age with granite, quartzite and migmatite as the major rock types. The minor rock types include pegmatite, aplite and diorite. The soils of Ibadan region were formed from the underlying rocks especially granite gneisse, quartz-schist, biotite gneisse and schist. They were formed under moist semi- deciduous forest cover and belong to the major soil group called ferruginous soils (Hopkins, 1965; D’Hoore, 1964). Aweto (1994) identified four main soil associations in 30 | P a g e Ibadan region on the basis of soil parent materials as the Iwo, Okemesi, Egbeda and Mamu soil associations. The soils of the Iwo association were formed from coarse grained granites and gneisses and those of Okemesi from gneisses, schist and quartzites. Those of Egbeda and Mamu were formed from fine grained biotite and schist, and from sericite schists respectively. 2.1.7 AIR & NOISE QUALITY ANALYSIS The following parameters were investigated for the air quality CO, SO2, NO2, and Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM). The sampling was carried out on the 5th of April, 2016. The Air quality parameters measured show concentrations that are within applicable Federal Ministry of Environment standard except for the suspended particulate matter which was higher than the FMENV limits at all areas. The high SPM concentration could be attributed to emission from vehicles plying the busy Ikolaba road and the ongoing construction work at the back of the project site. Air quality will be impacted by emissions from vehicles, earthmoving equipment and released particulate matters. Hence air quality baseline data was taken during the study as basis for benchmarking in the course of construction works. Figure2. 6 & 2. 7 : Air Quality Sampling within Project Site and control along Ikolaba road Table2. 6 : Air Quality Sampling Analysis within and around Project Site Location SPM CO SO2 NO2 Noise RH (%) Temp Location Coordinates (µg/L) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Level (0C) dB (A) Main Entrance N07° 24I 29.6II 53.9 4 ND ND 46.7 43.7 39.5 (Inside E003° 54I57.4II compound) Left Hand Side N07° 24I 29.6II 54.4 4 ND ND 51.9 46.7 38.3 31 | P a g e of the E003° 54I58.2II Entrance (Close to Ikolaba Road) Back (Left N07° 24I 28.7II 54.1 ND ND ND 53.7 51.6 37.4 Hand Side) E003° 54I58.9II Back (Right N07° 24I 27.9II 54.9 ND ND ND 42.3 54.9 36.8 Hand Side) E003° 54I57.7II Right Hand N07° 24I 28.9II 55.7 3 ND ND 47.6 57.1 35.7 Side of Main E003° 54I57.2II Entrance Back Entrance N07° 24I 28.9II 54.8 ND ND ND 51.5 56.9 35.6 to Main E003° 54I58.3II Building Main Entrance N07° 24I 29.8II 53.2 3 ND ND 74.6 43.7 37.5 (Outside) E003° 54I57.1II Upstream N07° 24I 29.0II 53.3 1 ND ND 48.2 46.7 36.8 (Inside Estate) E003° 54I55.8II Downstream N07° 24I 30.0II 53.3 5 ND ND 69.3 41.7 38.2 (At junction of E003° 54I58.6II road to estate and Ikolaba) Control N07° 24I 27.6II 55.5 5 ND ND 75.8 49.2 40.5 E003° 55I00.0II FMENV 50 10 0.1 0.04-0.6 90 Standards NESREA 85 Standards 32 | P a g e FIGURE2. 8: Sampling Points for the Environmental Media Around the Project Site. 2.1.5 BIODIVERSITY The vegetation consists of bush fallowing. The vegetation of the study area mostly consists of a patchwork of fallow regrowth which are at various stages of development and also matrices of tree and food crop farms. The area which was previously covered by forest plant species is increasingly dominated by secondary regrowths of invasive herbaceous species such as the weed Imperata cylindrical, Andropogun tectorum (savanna grasses) in younger fallows . Common species on the project site and around it are Tridax procumbens, Discorea alata, Ageratum conyzoides , Peperomia pellucid Mitrocarpus villosus, Chromolaena odorata, Manihot esculentus, Colocasia esculentus Other food crop trees observed around the project site include plants such as mango trees and pawpaw tree within site. There is no protected area around the project area. 33 | P a g e FIGURE2. 9: Vegetation around the Project Area 2.1.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT The waste management method adopted by the residents around the project area was examined. Figure 2.9 indicates the prevalent methods of management which involves collection and disposal by organized private sectors or the Oyo State Waste Management Board. Efficient waste management approach is pertinent for the protection of human health and the surroundings. In spite of the fact that the community were served by the government accredited waste collectors, the communities still mostly relied on other means such as reflected in Figure 2.10 Figure2. 10 and 2.11: Household Waste and Construction Waste beside the Site and across the project site respectively. 2.1.7 TRAFFIC STUDIES The low density neighbourhoods of the project area exhibited some degree of planning with fairly good road networks. The main traffic generating areas around the project site are the State and Federal Civil Service secretariat located in the environ, Bodija markets and educational institutions located in the city such as University of Ibadan and The Polytechnic. This spatial and structural pattern of land - use has effect on the intra- city traffic, time, and trip distance around the project area. 34 | P a g e Managing of traffic congestion in urban centres and wasting of man hours is one of the developmental challenges facing the nation. In this study, residents were sampled to know the average number of minutes spent daily on traffic congestion to and fro to work. Results revealed that more than 30% of the residents around the project area spent between 21 to 30 minutes daily of traffic to work. One reason that may be adduced to this observed pattern is the very fact that the project area is beside a major link road (Ikolaba road) to New and Old Bodija housing Estates in the city which are situated near the busy State secretariat road leading to the seat of government house on one end and Bodija food stuff market on the other end. This market is the biggest food stuff market in the state that attracts sellers and buyers from neighbouring towns and cities. In order to evaluate the potential effect of the activities of the rehabilitation of office space in relation to traffic congestion or disturbance, traffic count was conducted along access roads to the project site. The traffic count will help to identify the traffic status of the access roads and the frequency of the vehicles plying the roads. This was done manually by drawing up a table and using tallies to keep a record of vehicles which pass see fig 2.12 &2.13). Traffic count was done at the junction connecting to Ikolaba road and the access road to the project site and along Ikolaba Road. Morning Peak (7:00am to 9:00am time), morning off-peak (9am – 11am), afternoon off-peak (12pm to 2:00pm) and evening peak (3:00pm to 5:00pm) traffic count was conducted for trucks, buses, cars, motorcycles and tricycles. The result is presented in table 2.8 to table 2.11 below. Table2. 7: Traffic Flow for Morning Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area Direction LARGE TRUCKS / MOTORCY SUB From To Time LORRIES BUSES CARS CLES TOTAL Fed. Sect Ikolaba 7am-9am 6 250 517 552 1325 Ikolaba Fed. Sect 7am-9am 7 149 400 474 1030 Estate Ikolaba 7am-9am 12 7 20 56 95 Ikolaba Estate 7am-9am 10 64 174 127 375 Total 35 470 1111 1209 2825 Source: Mrs. Oluwagbuyi Field Work 6th April, 2016. Table2. 8: Traffic Flow for Morning Off – Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area Direction Time LARGE BUSES CARS MOTORCY TOTAL 35 | P a g e TRUCKS / CLES From To LORRIES Fed. Sect Ikolaba 9am-11am 5 137 448 446 1036 Ikolaba Fed. Sect 9am-11am 16 156 334 446 952 Estate Ikolaba 9am-11am 8 18 27 70 123 Ikolaba Estate 9am-11am 9 42 110 127 288 Total 38 353 919 1089 2399 Source: Field Work 6th April, 2016. Table2. 9: Traffic Flow for Afternoon Off - Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area Direction LARGE TRUCKS / MOTORCY From To Time LORRIES BUSES CARS CLES TOTAL Fed. Sect Ikolaba 12pm-2pm 7 161 416 428 1012 Ikolaba Fed. Sect 12pm-2pm 14 125 262 323 724 Estate Ikolaba 12pm-2pm 15 24 37 47 123 Ikolaba Estate 12pm-2pm 16 40 94 75 225 Total 52 350 809 873 2084 Source: Field Work 6th April, 2016. Table2. 10: Traffic Flow for Afternoon Peak Traffic Count in the Project Area Direction LARGE TRUCKS / MOTORCY SUB From To Time LORRIES BUSES CARS CLES TOTAL Fed. Sect Ikolaba 3pm-5pm 7 221 644 463 1335 Ikolaba Fed. Sect 3pm-5pm 17 127 299 430 873 Estate Ikolaba 3pm-5pm 1 30 36 42 109 Ikolaba Estate 3pm-5pm 5 44 83 89 221 Total 30 422 1062 1024 2538 Source: Field Work 6th April, 2016. These above stated results were obtained in form of tallies and inputted into the table. For each road, traffic count was done for eight hours and the count was further divided to four periods (two hours each) of Morning Peak, Morning Off – Peak, Afternoon Off – 36 | P a g e Peak, and Afternoon Peak. The last column on the table gives the total vehicular traffic count for each period. Generally speaking, Ikolaba road which is the major access road to the project site is a very busy road. It was also observed that there was a large flow of vehicles along Ikolaba Road during the morning peak periods. This volume reduces during the off peak periods between 12pm and 2pm. However, comparing the frequency of vehicles during the morning peak and afternoon peak it was observed that the flow of vehicles is lower in the evening, likewise for the morning off peak and afternoon off pick. This was determined via the traffic count results obtained. It can also be deduce from the result that highest flow of vehicular traffic was experienced from the direction of Federal Secretariat to Ikolaba throughout the period of the traffic study. This could be attributed to the fact that the road is use as short cut due to the commercial activities along Bodija road. Taking cognizance of the number vehicular traffic along the Ikolaba road and access road to the project site, workers and residents around the project site and its environs may experience heavier human and vehicular traffic during the rehabilitation work. However, with appropriate mitigation measures, the effects of rehabilitation activities to road users could be highly reduced. This requires that vehicular movements have to be during off peak in order to minimize traffic congestion along the roads. Adequate security measures have to be in place particularly job - orders for the contractors and appropriate information with signage to the staff on site and general public. Figure2. 11: Traffic Count along Ikolaba Road and Access Road to Project Site 2.2 DESCRIPTION OF SOCIO BASELINE CONDITION 2.2.1 POPULATION GROWTH The Project site in Ikolaba is within the Ibadan North Local Government, in Oyo State. The population of the LGA based on the latest 2006 national census is 306,795, with an 37 | P a g e annual growth rate of about 3.2%. Graph 2.6 below shows the estimate population of some of the major residential areas of Ibadan North as at 2011 GRAPH2. 4: Estimate Population of Some of the Major Residential Areas of Ibadan North as At 2010. 2.2.2. SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SAMPLED INDIVIDUALS AND HOUSEHOLDS IN THE PROJECT AREA The socio-demographic information measured gives an insight into the socio- demographic characteristics of the stakeholders in the area. In this regard, the socio-demographic assessment of the respondents included their age, gender, education, marital status and monthly income etc. The distribution of responses with the above variables illustrates the attitudes towards several other desirable attributes related to the information rendered. Age and Gender Profile of Respondents Gender characteristics give comparative proportion of males and females in the sample frame while age distribution provides a reflection of age structure of the in-scope individuals and households of the respondents. The sex distribution of the respondents depicts that, 62.0% of sampled individuals are male while 38.0% are female. With respect to age, the distribution of the individuals and households in accordance with encoded age groups indicated that, the foremost respondents fall between 18 years and 45years (38.0%) and this was followed by those between 46 and 65 years which account for 32% of the sampled frame. Overall mean result shows that 70% of the respondents are between 18 and 65 years. The least responses (8.0%) are below 18 years but not less than 15 years. The responses above 65 years who are mainly retirees account for 22.0%. Current Marital Status of Respondents 38 | P a g e The marital status of respondents as at the time of the survey indicated 25.5% had never been married, 68.0% were married, 4.0% were widowed and 2.5% were divorced or separated. Educational Status of Respondents The percentage distributions of educational qualifications of the respondents are as follows:  None (0.0%)  Primary school (7.5)  Senior Secondary School Certificate 43.5%  Tertiary excluding University (24.0%)  University Graduate (22.5%)  University Post Graduate (2.5%) It is therefore evident from the study that, Senior Secondary School Certificate holders had the high proportion of the responses among the affected stakeholders in proposed project area. Also significant are those who attained tertiary education (46.5%). Zero percentage of the respondent did not go to school. The literacy status of the respondents is an indication of the high class residential area status ascribed to the project area. Occupation of Respondents The main occupations identified in the communities are indicative of the semi- urban communities in Ibadan, consisting of trading, civil service etc. Trading varies from a small shop in front of a house to large scale buying and selling in local markets. An assessment of employment status of the sampled population illustrates that the preponderance of the respondents are traders which returns 27.5% of the total respondents. This was next to salary earners with 16.5% of the respondents. Respondents who engaged in shop keeping had an estimated proportion of 10.5%. Others include artisans and the self-employed who had estimates of 15.5% and 12.0% respectively. Residential Status and Duration of Residence of Respondents The distribution of the residential status and the duration of residence of respondents subscribed to the validity of the information provided about the project area. The highest proportion of the sampled individuals and households with average figure of 50.5% of sample frame has lived for more than ten years in the project area. The respondents who have lived for an average of eight years (6-9 years) in the area had an estimated proportion of 36.0% of the sampled frame, 8.5% of the sampled residents has lived in the project area for 1-2 years while 5.0% has been residents for between 3-5 years. 39 | P a g e CHAPTER THREE 3.0 IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT Rehabilitation of Project Office will have both positive and negative impacts on the environment. These impacts may arise during the mobilization phase, construction phase, demobilization phase and operational phase or in all as indicated in table 3.1. Table3. 1: Project Phases & Sources of Impact Project phase Activities, sources of impacts A Mobilization Movement of heavy vehicles, Transportation, B Construction Site clearing, Earthworks, Excavation/ Demolition, Movement of heavy vehicles, Transportation, Waste disposal C Demobilization Movement of heavy vehicles, Transportation, Waste disposal D Operation & Maintenance Vehicular/ human traffic, Vehicular noise, waste disposal, gaseous release/ Heat 3.0.1 IDENTIFICATION, PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF NEGATIVE IMPACTS In order to identify, analyse and evaluate associated and potential environmental and social impact that could result from the rehabilitation of office space, a full appreciation of the anticipated negative impacts with a holistic consideration of the various effects of the project’s action on the social and ecological characteristics of the project environment is a prerequisite. The results of the impact assessment exercise are presented in Table 3.2. The table presents the various project phases as well as the identified associated and potential impacts. Also, included in the table are impact significance evaluation criteria: legal/ regulatory requirement (L), risk posed by impact (R), magnitude of occurrence (M), importance of affected environmental component (I) and public perception (P). In addition, the overall ratings of impact significance (high or medium or low) of each impact 40 | P a g e The overall significance ratings were based on the following considerations: High significance =>4 individual high ratings or 5 medium ratings Medium significance =>2 and <4 individual high ratings or >3 medium ratings Low significance =<2 individual high ratings. 41 | P a g e Table3. 2: Evaluation of Environmental & Social Impacts Project activities Potential & associated impacts L R M I P Significance ranking Project location Land use disruption through Low Low Low Low Low Low land-take by office rehabilitation Mobilization of Interference with public High Low High High High High machinery/ transport by high traffic equipment/ goods Interference with the residents Low Low Medium Low Low Low & personnel to site ’lives Interference with local Low Low Medium Medium Low Medium Economy Setting up site Interference with local Income Low Low Low Low Low Low working space, Installing Relocation of businesses Low Low Low Low Low Low equipment Interrupting electric and Low Low Low Low Low Low telecom supply source Risk of accident leading to Low Low Medium Low Low Low injury/ fatality Degradation of air quality by Low Med Medium Low Low Medium vehicular emissions Office Reduced air quality Low Low Medium Low Low Low Infrastructure & Noise pollution construction & Increased waste generation High High High High High High Rehabilitation: resulting in pollution 42 | P a g e Development of Visual intrusion impact Medium Medium Low Low low Medium Construction Staging Increased traffic High Medium Medium Medium Medium High and Storage areas movements/ accidents/ congestion Controlled/uncontrolled High High Medium Medium Medium Medium Demolition of discharges to water Bodies Buildings, Localised High Medium Medium Medium Low Medium Leveling and contamination/ soil grading site and compression access Soil erosion Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium High Impact on ground water Low Low Low Low Low Low disturbance of natural features, Low Low Low Low low Low habitats, and species from limited removal of vegetation and increased human activity Office Degradation of soil by Low Low Low Low Low Low Infrastructure contamination Operation & Noise nuisance from Vehicular Low Low Low Low` Low Low Maintenance traffic Degradation of surface and Low Low Low Low` Low Low ground water quality Increased waste generation Low Low Low Low` Low Low resulting in pollution Road accidents, injury Low Low Low Low` Low Low 43 | P a g e Degradation of air quality by Medium Low Low Low` Low Low General site emission from fuel combustion Maintenance engines (generator) Activities Obstruction by abandoned Low low Low Low low Low Decommissioning / structure abandonment 44 | P a g e 3.1 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS The project is a reconstruction and rehabilitation works on existing structure. It is expected to have high positive environmental and social impacts for impacted communities in the project area as it provides incentives for improved environmental management and livelihoods. However, the intervention works will inevitably have some negative environmental and social impacts on the biophysical and social environment, particularly during the pre-construction, construction and operational phases. The negative environmental and social impacts will largely be localized in spatial extent, short in duration, occurring within less sensitive environmental areas and are manageable through the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures. Implementation of sound design, good construction practices, effective maintenance and adequate supervision and enforcement during construction and operational phases of the project will minimize or avoid the negative environmental and social impacts. Based on the assessment, the potential environmental and social impacts mostly would be limited to the following issues discussed in details in table 4.1: 1. Disposal of excavated materials and construction wastes. Demolition debris will be generated during the construction works on the building; 2. Potential for disturbance of natural features, habitats, and species from limited removal of vegetation and increased human activity 3. Potential intrusion of visual impacts 4. Degradation of landscapes and soil erosion. 5. Pollution by construction run-off. 6. Noise and vibration disturbances during construction and temporary air pollution (dust) related to the transportation of construction materials and truck traffic. 7. Air pollution from improper maintenance of equipment. 8. Safety hazards from construction activities, asbestos exposure and during operation. 9. Traffic disruption during construction activities. 10. Impact on Pedestrian Movement 11. Impact on Office Work and Living 12. Transmission of communicable Diseases Including HIV/AIDS: 13. Increased Crime Rate from migrant workers: 14. Agitation for Jobs by Youths. 45 | P a g e 3.2 SIGNIFICANT POSITIVE IMPACTS OF THE OFFICE REHABILITATION 3.2.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS Apart from the negative impacts highlighted above arising from construction phase, some positive impacts that may arise from the project are given below:  Increased job opportunity for locals during construction, for site clearing, for construction and vegetation/ landscape activities  Propagation of vegetal cover and soil stabilisation of the site  Increased and diversification of livelihood and productivity in the project area  Improved security of the site 3.2.2 OPERATIONAL IMPACTS Some positive impacts that may arise during operational phase of the office  Increased job opportunity during operation for security personnel, and other forms of employment in the operational phase of the project  Improved pedestrian and traffic safety,  Improved drainage system for the ikolaba road nexus  Reduced flooding and better state of road  Improved efficiency of the Project Management unit on the Ibadan 46 | P a g e CHAPTER FOUR 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) A well-implemented ESMP is ultimately about trained, committed people. Senior management support is critical to implementing a sustainable ESMP. They don’t have to lead the effort on a day-to-day basis, but they do need to send a clear message, to all employees at all levels, that this is a long-term commitment by the IUFMP project and ensure realignment of reporting duties, allocation of appropriate time and authority to carry out the work involved. A well-balanced ESMP Team is a prerequisite for meaningful engagement with project staff, contractors and community. 4.0.1 THE PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigation is a critical component of the Environmental and Social Impacts Assessment process. Opportunities for impact mitigation will occur throughout the project cycle. The objectives of mitigation are to: • find better alternatives and ways of doing things; • enhance the environmental and social benefits of a proposal; • avoid, minimise or remedy adverse impacts; and • ensure that residual adverse impacts are kept within acceptable levels. The feasible, practical and cost effective mitigation measures for identified impacts as outlined hereunder are discussed as appropriate with the requisite monitoring indicator is presented in table 4.1 below: 4.1 MONITORING AND REPORTING A comprehensive monitoring plan for the identified mitigation measures above comprising monitoring parameters, monitoring indicators, frequency and responsibility of monitoring and the cost estimate for its implementation is given in table4.1 titled the Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan. Compliance to the proposed monitoring plan will be effected through the monitoring mechanism discussed below to achieve the objectives of the ESMP: 4.1.1 INTERNAL MONITORING o The Safeguards Specialists will carry out regular monitoring of the project activities related to the ESMP implementation. The Safeguards Specialist will be assisted by Oyo State Ministry of Environment, & Water Resources, FMEnv, World Bank and other relevant agencies as may be required; in monitoring of the ESMP in their respective sectors and areas of jurisdiction. o Non compliances pertaining to ESMP implementation will be reported to the Project Director, PIU. 47 | P a g e o The prescribed monitoring parameters, frequency and time schedule will be followed to ensure smooth implementation of proposed mitigation measures for various component and activities such as site identification, construction and operation stages. o The Safeguards Specialist will conduct at least three monitoring visits to each project activity to observe the pre-project situation, middle of activity and at the completion stage to obtain pictorial view as well as record visual observations pertaining to the ESMP implementation and submit reports periodically as outlined in the aforementioned table 4.1 to the Project Director, PIU. 4.1.2 EXTERNAL MONITORING / THIRD PARTY VALIDATION External monitoring called as Third Party Validation (TPV) will be carried out through an independent monitoring consultant on annual basis to evaluate the quality of work and validate the data pertaining to overall ESMP implementation progress, and to ensure that the mitigation measures are implemented as per mitigation plan. In case of any deviation, corrective actions will be taken where necessary. The TPV will also give recommendations for designing of ESMP for future similar projects. For Third Party Validation, well qualified and experienced environmental and social scientist shall be hired to conduct thorough analysis of the data collected from the field and desk review of all quarterly progress reports to validate and identify gaps and weaknesses, if any, in the ESMP implementation and monitoring. The TPV will submit report to the World Bank and other stakeholders. The third party monitor will be engaged by PIU. Reporting  Progress report of ESMP monitoring will be shared with all stakeholders and the World Bank. The Project Director IUFMP will be responsible for preparation of comprehensive progress reports pertaining to the ESMP implementation in IUFMP project activities with the help of the PIU, Monitoring & Evaluation and Safeguards specialist. Quarterly progress reports will be submitted to the World Bank. Third Party Validation reports will be submitted by TPV consultant on annual basis to the World Bank. 48 | P a g e TABLE4. 1: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Potential Environmental & Social Implementation cost of Monitoring Method of Sampling Frequency/ Supervision Cost of Impact Mitigation Measure Plan – Responsibility implementa indicator Measuremen Location Monitoring Responsibility Monitorin Pre-construction phase tion USD$ t requirement g Dollars (USD) Communities/ Providing enlightenment IUFMP PIU 670 No of Documented Project Once at start of PIU 150 Residents forums to community members Social safeguard Complaints Communities Constructio project perceptions of from the preparatory stage and Specialists, in from perceptions n Site on potential environmental and conjunction with community the proposed of the social concerns from civil works Environmental members project Safeguard Specialist, proposed The Safeguard Specialists shall Community project ensure the proper sensitization Development, Records of Specialist, Meetings of the entire community on the Communication critical aspects of the project specialist taking cognizance of the Oyo state Ministry following: of Information Executive members of the resident association should be contacted to act as local information dissemination base for the project. Members of the community should also be contacted on the need to support the project as well as the merits should be communicated. The community should be engaged as much as possible in order to find a common ground for resolving emerging issues. Posters, notices and signboards 49 | P a g e should be erected at strategic and vantage points to pass information to locals. This should be extended to the construction and operation phases Site Demarcate clearly (e.g. using Work Contractor HSE 250 Visual Project site Once at site The PIU/ 250 management fencing) all areas to be officer; Site inspection demarcation Environmental & Visual developed/ rehabilitated before 2) The works contractor compliance stage Safeguards Specialist Impacts construction commences; to comply with the report shall ensure that the conditions of the World training and The site should be kept in a Bank ESMF for the capabilities of the clean and well maintained IUFMP project and this Works Contractor’s condition. ESMP; site staff are The exterior of any visible adequate to carry out surface of the construction site the designated tasks should be cleaned, repainted, repaired or replaced if it rusts, corrodes or otherwise visibly deteriorates as required No permanent outside storage of equipment, spare parts or other ancillary materials should be visible. Keep these offsite where possible, or limited to low visibility sites. Training records/ All fencing should be kept in a certification clean and repaired condition. Lighting should be designed to minimize light pollution without compromising safety. Investigate using motion sensitive lights for security lighting. 50 | P a g e Identify and confirm suitable sites for the construction camps and storage areas for materials; Store construction equipment in construction camps. Maintain records of environmental incidents and avail a copy of these records to relevant lead agencies on request throughout the construction phase; Provide as much as possible opportunities for employment to persons from the local areas ; Train site staff on the following areas of environmental management; Environmental awareness training for construction staff, concerning the prevention of accidental spillage of hazardous chemicals and oil; litter control; need to refrain from indiscriminate waste disposal and/or pollution of local soil and water resources (both surface and groundwater); air pollution; identification of archaeological artifacts; and receive the necessary safety training Estimated sub total cost 920 350 51 | P a g e Potential Environmental & Social Implementation cost of Monitoring Method of Sampling Frequency/ Supervision Cost of Impact Mitigation Measure Plan – Responsibility implementa indicator Measuremen Location Monitoring Responsibility Monitorin construction phase tion USD$ t requirement g Dollars (USD) Traffic Appropriately plan movement Works contractor 650 Development Review of Project site Regularly / Bi- Social Safeguards 150 disruption of construction vehicles & of a traffic traffic routes and weekly Specialist in and site Engineer Management management its environ conjunction with congestion; plan plan Environmental Use the minimum number of & Safeguards Specialist Traffic Noise; trips for delivering construction Visual plant and equipment along the Observation Oyo State Road Road safety; site routes; of compliance Traffic because of Management increased risk Strictly control the access of all Complaint Authority, of construction and material Register (OYRTMA) road traffic Federal Road delivery vehicles especially accidents and Police/FRSC Safety Corps injuries as a during wet weather to avoid Report (FRSC)- Oyo result of compaction and damage to the State movement of topsoil structure; Interviews/ equipment Schedule the delivery hours to avoid peak hour traffic, weekends and evenings; Implement wheel washing and damping down of un-surfaced roads to reduce dust and nuisance; Service vehicles and equipment regularly to avoid the contamination of soil from oil and hydraulic fluid leaks, etc. Servicing of vehicles and equipment must be done off-site and on an impermeable surface such as concrete; 52 | P a g e Where required, allocate persons to direct traffic in areas where construction is taking place Erect the appropriate signage discouraging the use of vehicle hooters when traveling through residential areas. Place the appropriate warning and directional signs at areas where construction is taking place Keep road surfaces clear from materials such as soil and gravel Limit the movement of heavy vehicles on roads / lanes used by the public during peak hour traffic Monitor erosion at the project site routes Occupational Operators of construction Works Contractor 650 HSE Plan HSE Report Project Regular Environmental 100 accidents and equipment and critical items of Developed constructio weekly specialist- injuries from mechanical equipment (such as Sighting n site inspection IUFMP the Workers using within life excavators, loaders, etc.) shall use of PPE Routine/ cycle of project machineries be adequately trained and 200 Unannounced Oyo State and sensitized to any potential First Aid Inspection Ministry of equipment hazards associated with their Provision Environment tasks; and Water Resources Prepare a site specific HSE plan No of for workers addressing issues accidents and including; HSE rules and injuries instruction; HSE Statistics Provision of PPE to workers; {First Aid 53 | P a g e Emergency contingency plans; Cases (FAC), Lost Time Education of workers; Injuries (LTI), etc} Incident/accident reporting; Provision of First Aid onsite Air quality No burning of waste to be Works Contractor & site 300 Dust General On a need On spot Environmental 500 deterioration undertaken on site engineer monitoring Observation basis at the weekly Safeguards Specialist from release Suppress dust emissions by result and start of inspection of appropriate methods such as particularly constructio dusts and spraying water on soil, soil Suspended In-Situ n /work gaseous stockpiles, unpaved roads and Particulates Measurement areas emissions during the demolition of houses (TSP, PM10, from Re-vegetate long-term soil or smaller), exposed soil Stockpiles SO2, NOx, CO, surfaces and THC vehicles Maintain vehicles in good working condition Vehicle Exhaust Ensure exhaust fumes from Measurement vehicles conform to applicable s National standards and Specifications Records of maintenance for all machineries and equipment Noise and Undertake activities that may Works Contractor & site 200 Noise Levels General Constructio On spot Environmental 300 vibration from be regarded as noisy during engineer (Not to Observation n site weekly Safeguards Officers the use of normal exceed and /work inspection machineries working hours; 90dB(A) areas and In-Situ motorized Inform sensitive receptors of Measurement equipment noisy activities undertaken Records of during outside of normal working Equipment construction hours; Maintenance of site structures Maintain equipment and No of workers machineries adequately to using reduce their noise levels hearing 54 | P a g e protective Fit machineries and motorized devices equipment with exhaust (ear plugs) mufflers/silencers to minimize noise generation Workers with noise Avoid unnecessary idling of related internal combustion engines problems Develop a site specific HSE Plan and Noise Control plan for workers to include use of hearing protective devices; Undertake monitoring of persistent noise complaints Generation of Develop a Waste Management Works Contractor 300 Waste Visual Project site Periodically- 150 construction Plan (WMP) management inspection Weekly Environmental wastes on site Plan specialist- Separate hazardous and nonhazardous waste streams; Site IUFMP Compliance Separate waste into recyclable Report Oyo State and non-recyclable streams; Ministry of Environment Designate specific areas for the and Water Resources safe storage of hazardous and general waste; Oyo state Solid waste Promote waste avoidance; management reduction; reuse and recycling authority as applicable; All fugitive waste or debris should be collected and removed from the site and properly disposed. Ensure proper handling, and disposal of wastes (especially contaminated soil, concrete, 55 | P a g e oils, grease, lubricants, metals, etc.); Ensure oil changes take place on an impermeable surface such as reinforced concrete slab; Include concrete / impermeable Hard-standing and bunding to prevent spillage of hazardous wastes. Train all staff on the waste management procedure Municipal wastes will be handed over to OYOWMA for disposal in designated landfill /dump area. Record waste removed from site and obtain and keep the appropriate documentation such as safe disposal certificates Workers Works Contractor 500 Review of the Visual Project site At inception of Environmental and 500 Health and Health and safety management Health and inspection construction Social Safeguard Safety Issues plan to be developed and Safety works & specialist implemented to ensure health management and safety of workers. plan by Routine weekly contractor inspection in PPE such as gloves, safety the course of shoes, helmet etc will be Provision and project. provided to ensure health and use of PPE safety of workers and trainees. verified Health and safety trainings will be provided to all staff working on the project and machinery pool. 56 | P a g e Regular maintenance of machinery and equipment will be carried out to avoid mishaps. Potential Environmental & Social Implementation cost of Monitoring Method of Sampling Frequency/ Supervision Cost of Impact Mitigation Measure Plan – Responsibility implementa indicator Measuremen Location Monitoring Responsibility Monitorin construction phase tion USD$ t requirement g Dollars (USD) Economic loss Avoid disruption of IUFMP 700 Design plan Visual Constructio At inception of Environmental and 150 due to telecommunication and other and inspection n Project construction Social Safeguards services services to communities and Works contractor phased area Specialist- interruption businesses; services installation IUFMP New services to be installed plan prior to the decommissioning of the existing services Economic loss Compensate directly affected IUFMP 500 Compensation Consultation Constructio Once at Social Safeguard 100 incurred by persons for the loss of income Agreements and n site inception of Specialist temporarily due on physical documentatio construction displacing to temporary displacement displacement n of loss of dog owner & animal shed Implementati asset and on evidence shelter Community Avoid health impacts associated Works contractor 400 Site Visual Project site Regularly / Environmental 100 Health and with pollution resulting from compliance inspection weekly Safeguard Specialist Safety increased traffic report inspection Avoid noise impacts on sensitive Receptors; Provision of proper human/ sanitary waste disposal facilities for the construction workers on site Good sanitation including proper waste disposal at its operation and residential accommodations on construction site. 57 | P a g e Employees should be Works Contractor 300 Site Medical Project site Weekly Social Safeguards 200 enlightened on HIV/AIDS and compliance reports/ inspection specialist STD awareness. report Screening on Other activities will include employment treating other sexually transmitted diseases, distributing condoms, and providing counseling, screening, and support services for employees. Medical examinations should be performed on new employee and repeated regularly throughout the term of employment. The contractor should have operating procedures that control unsafe behaviours amongst personnel especially considering the fact of migrant influxes of workers in the area could trigger security issues in the project area because of it being a high income group area. Child Labour Works contractor & Site 200 Employment Review of Constructio Weekly on spot Social safeguard 200 Child labor is prohibited in the engineer record employment n site inspection specialist construction activities on the checked for records and site. child labor sighting Minimum age limit for workers will be 14 years, as defined in the labor laws and ILO Convention (C.138) A roster of adolescents under 18 will be maintained by employers Adolescents under 18 will not be asked to undertake activities 58 | P a g e related to the rented machinery that is harmful for their health and safety. Estimated Subtotal Cost 4,700 2, 450 Potential Environmental & Social Implementation cost of Monitoring Method of Sampling Frequency/ Supervision Cost of Impact Mitigation Measure Plan – Responsibility implementa indicator Measuremen Location Monitoring Responsibility Monitorin Operational phase tion USD$ t requirement g Dollars (USD) Waste Waste management Plan (WMP) IUFMP 700 Contractors Visual Environmental generation Relevant line MDAs Compliance Observation specialist- 200 from Promote avoidance; reduction; Contractor IUFMP operations reuse and recycling; Waste Oyo State and Enhance proper handling and Waste Tracking Ministry of maintenance disposal of wastes (especially Handling, and Report Environment works contaminated soil or water, Disposal and Water Resources concrete, demolition materials, oils, grease, lubricants, metals, Oyo state Solid etc.) waste management authority Creation of Maximize employment of Contractor 300 No of local - Log book Constructio Daily IUFMP- Social employment local labour for maintenance labour used n Development 200 by activities by enhancing their Site training locals skills through appropriate as training. maintenance officers. Potential Environmental & Social Implementation cost of Monitoring Method of Sampling Frequency/ Supervision Cost of Impact Mitigation Measure Plan – Responsibility implementa indicator Measuremen Location Monitoring Responsibility Monitorin Closure/ Decommissioning tion USD$ t requirement g Dollars phase (USD) Closure / The lifespan of the proposed - - - - - - - - Decommissio development is potentially n issues indefinite. No detailed closure/decommissioning 59 | P a g e phase is therefore proposed. The following management control measures are required if and when the facility ceases operation: All ancillary components (including office equipment’s etc .) are to be dismantled and removed from site preferably for reuse elsewhere or alternatively, for recycling of materials; and b) Infrastructure associated with the development (e.g. buildings) which has no immediate use or value to the landowner, must be decommissioned and the property rehabilitated to the landowners satisfaction Estimated sub total cost 1000 400 Estimated Total Cost 5,700 2,850 60 | P a g e 4.2 INSTITUTITIONAL FRAMEWORK One of the main purposes of ESMPs is to establish responsibility for the activities that have to be undertaken. The successful implementation of this ESMP depends on the commitment and capacity of various institutions and stakeholders to implement the ESMP effectively. Thus, the arrangement as well as the roles and responsibilities of the institutions and persons that will be involved in the implementation, monitoring and review of the ESMP are as outlined below in table 4.2. 61 | P a g e Table4. 2: The Roles and Responsibilities of the Stakeholders in the Implementation, Monitoring and Review of the ESMP S/ Stakeholder Roles and Responsibilities N 1  Liaise closely with Oyo State Ministry of Environment and Water Resources in preparing a coordinated response on the environmental and social aspects of project development respectively;  Safeguards due diligence  by the Environmental consultant, PIU will request contractors to amend and correct the violation.  Receive and supervise the environmental report from the Independent Environmental Consultant (IEC),  PIU’s specialist will be in charge of review environmental report and recommend further actions based on IEC proposal.  Cooperate with WB to periodically supervise contractors’ activities.  Weekly meetings will be held between Contractors, PIU, and consultants. In addition, PIU is to have assigned personnel for regular inspection.  In case of any violations on arising works that is submitted by the Environmental consultant, PIU will request contractors to amend and correct the violation. 2 Oyo state  Environmental compliance Coordinator at the State level Ministry of  Lead role - provision of advice on screening, scoping, review of draft ESMP report (in liaison with Federal Environment Ministry of Environment) and water  Site assessment and monitoring of ESMP implementation resources 3 Federal  Lead role - provision of advice on screening, scoping, review of draft ESMP report (in liaison with State Ministry Ministry of of Environment), Environment  Receiving comments from stakeholders, public hearing/ review of the project proposals, and convening a technical decision-making panel arising from the public disclosures,  Project categorization for EA, Applicable standards, Environmental and social liability investigations, Monitoring and evaluation process and criteria 4 Other MDAs  Other MDAs come in as at when relevant areas or resources under their jurisdiction or management are likely to be affected by or implicated projects.  They participate in the EA processes and in project decision-making that helps prevent or minimize 62 | P a g e environmental and social impacts and to mitigate them. These institutions may also be required, to issue a consent or approval for an aspect of a project; allow an area to be included in a project; or allow impact to a certain extent or impose restrictions or conditions, monitoring responsibility or supervisory oversight 5 LGA  Provide oversight function across subproject in LGAs for ESMP compliance  Liaising with the PIU. Engage and encourage carrying out comprehensive and practical awareness campaign for the proposed subprojects, amongst the various relevant grass roots interest groups  Assist and Liaise with other stakeholders to ensure proper siting and provision of approval for such sites and  Support with provision of necessary infrastructures 6 World Bank  Overall supervision and provision of technical support and guidance. (WB)  Recommend additional measures for strengthening the management framework and implementation performance;  Supervising the application and recommendations of sub- project ESMPs. 7 Independent  Make reference and prepare site specific plans in accordance with ESMP framework approved by WB. The Environmental respective contractors will be required to formally commit to requirements of the site-specific Management Consultant Plans.  Establish environmental procedure and notify and obtain formal commitment from contractors.  Observe directly the performance of the environmental works,  report mitigation measures of the environmental impact result from contractor’s activities;  Review weekly environmental reports prepared by the Principal Contractor;  Undertake assessments and audits and issue environmental supervision reports on a weekly basis  Report to PIU / World Bank as may be necessary the performance of the contractors, and recommend countermeasures if any. 8 Safeguards Unit Environmental Safeguards  Collate environmental baseline data on relevant environmental characteristics of the selected project sites;  Analyze potential community/individual sub-projects and their environmental impacts;  Ensure that project activities are implemented in accordance to best practices and guidelines set out in the site specifics;  Identify and liaise with all stakeholders involved in environment related issues in the project; and  Be responsible for the overall monitoring of mitigation measures and the impacts of the project during implementation. 63 | P a g e Social Safeguards  Develop, coordinate and ensures the implementation of the social aspects of the ESMP;  Implement the grievance mechanism on the project  Identify and liaise with all stakeholders involved in social related issues in the project;  Conduct impact evaluation and beneficiaries assessment; and  Establish partnerships and liaise with organizations, Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs). 9 Works  After receiving and committing to the environmental procedures and Management Plans, Contractor  Contractors must fully carry out the measures of the environmental protection, health and safety procedure as indicated;  Any changes related to Environment, health and safety procedure must be informed to PIU for approval  In case of any violations on arising works either detected by Environmental consultant, Safeguard Specialists, or new arising works proposed by contractors, they must be reported to PIU for further actions.  If contractors decided to not follow instruction from PIU, construction activities will be halted until necessary actions are taken.  Contractors must assign at site, personnel in charge of Environment, health and safety procedure.  Compliance to BOQ specification in procurement of material and construction 10 Site Engineer  Provide oversight function during construction and decommissioning 11 CDAs  Ensure Community participation by mobilizing, sensitizing community members; 12 NGOs and CBOs  Assisting in their respective ways to ensure effective response actions,  Conducting scientific researches alongside government groups to evolve and devise sustainable environmental strategies and rehabilitation techniques,  Organizing, coordinating and ensuring safe use of volunteers in a response action, and actually identifying where these volunteers can best render services effectively & Providing wide support assistance helpful in management planning, institutional/governance issues and other livelihood related matter,  Project impacts and mitigation measure, Awareness campaigns 64 | P a g e 4.3 TRAINING The PIU must identify the knowledge and skills necessary for implementing efficiently Table 4. 3: A General Three Day Proposed Training Programme for the Implementation of the ESMP. and effectively the ESMP. All persons including contract personnel responsible for undertaking work during the life of the project must be trained on the contents of the ESMP. Based on the assessment of the institutional capacities of the different agencies that will be involved in the implementation of the ESMP, the broad areas of capacity building identified and recommended for the PIU and other relevant agencies for effective implementation of the ESMP and its estimated cost is given in Table 4.3. The costs estimates are based on the assumption that the training program will be held in Ibadan Oyo State; resource persons are likely to come from other parts of the country and therefore require travel allowances; participants will come from institutions at state levels. The Environmental and Social Specialists will be required to provide sufficient training to the contractor’s team in order to ensure they are fully aware of the relevant aspects of the ESMP and are able to fulfill their roles and functions. This training will be a requirement of contract for the Contractor. 65 | P a g e S/ Proposed Training Topics Target audience Duration Estimated N Cost/ Budget USD$ 1  What Is Meant by “Environment�? Officers of PIU 1 day 5000  World Bank Safeguards Policies Relevant staff of  Why The Environment Needs to Be Oyo Protected and Conserved. State Ministry of  Construction Health Safety and Environment and Environment water Resources  How Construction Activities Can Impact On the Environment. FMEnv (EA)  What Can Be Done to Mitigate Against Such Impacts? Environmental  Awareness of Emergency and Spills Specialist/Social Response Provisions. Development  Social Responsibility during Specialist Construction E.G. Being Considerate to Local Residents. Oyo State Waste  The Environmental and Social Management Management Plan (ESMP); Board and other relevant MDAs,  Environmental and Social LGA Monitoring and Audit; departments,  Solid Waste Management; NGOs, CBOs.,  Environmental Reporting; Contractor 2  Training on General Environmental Contractor ‘s 1day 4500 Awareness to foster the Personnel, implementation of environmentally Local sound practices; community  Waste management plan and its implementation;  Traffic Management Plan and its implementation;  Proper selection, handling, storage, application, use, and disposal of all hazardous materials and chemicals used in the Project activities in accordance with the Chemical Management Plan;  Implementation of all emergency response procedures as identified in the Emergency Response and Incident Management Plan;  Implementation of the Health, Safety, and Security Management Plan for all employees 3  Introduction to Construction HSE Contractor ‘s 1day 4500  Overview of Health and Safety Personnel, Hazards in Local  Construction community  Incidents: Causation, Investigation &  Reporting 66 | P a g e  Excavation Safety  Construction Site Inspection  Personal Protective Equipment 4 Estimated Total Cost 14,000 4.4 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The activities related to environmental and social management and monitoring have to be integrated in the overall construction schedule. As discussed, most of the environmental management actions are standard or "good housekeeping" measures applicable to construction projects. These have to be observed throughout the construction activities and are shown as an overall activity. The key elements of the implementation schedule presented in Table4.4 include the following: o Inclusion of environmental and social requirements in bid documents and contract; o Review and approval of Contractor’s ESMP; o Preparation and submission of construction schedule; o Implementation of mitigation and enhancement measures; o Training; o Environmental and Social Auditing; and o Monitoring and reporting of ESMP implementation. Table4. 4: Prerequisite Template for ESMP Implementation Schedule S/N Environmental Responsibility Pre- Construction Operation & & Social Construction Phase Maintenance Management Phase Phase Activity 1 Clearance and PIU Formal Disclosure of ESMP 2 Inclusion of PIU/ Environmental Safeguards & Social Specialist Requirements in Bid Documents 3 Allocating PIU/ Safeguard Budget for Specialist ESMP /Procurement 67 | P a g e 4 Review and PIU/ Safeguard Approval of Specialist Contractor’s ESMP, Traffic, Waste & Safety Plan 5 Finalization of PIU Engineering Designs 6 Environmental Environmental and Social & Social Training Consultant/ Safeguard Specialist 7 Implementation PIU/ of Contractor Environmental And Social Mitigation Measures 8 Supervising PIU/ Safeguard ESMP Specialist Implementation 9 Environmental Safeguard and Social Specialist/ Oyo Auditing State Ministry Of Environment and Water Resources Independent Consultant 10 Monitoring & Safeguard Reporting On Specialist/ Oyo ESMP State Ministry Implementation Of Environment and Water Resources Independent Consultant/ Other MDAs 68 | P a g e 4.4.1 BUDGET FOR ESMP IMPLEMENTATION The tentative budget for the project includes the environmental and social mitigation cost, management costs, cost of environmental monitoring and capacity building. All administrative costs for implementing the ESMP shall be budgeted for as part of the PIU costing. The total indicative cost for implementing the ESMP is estimated at twenty four thousand, eight hundred and five Dollars only ($24, 805). The table 4.5 below shows an indicative budget breakdown and responsibility of the cost for implementing the ESMP in the project Table4. 5: Budget for ESMP Implementation Item Responsibility Cost Estimate USD$ Mitigation PIU, Contractor 5,700 measures Monitoring PIU, Oyo State Ministry of 2,850 measures Environment and Water Resources, NESREA, Oyo State Waste Management Board Institutional PIU, Oyo State Ministry of 14,000 capacity building Environment and Water Resources Other relevant MDAs Sub-total 22,550 Contingency 10% of Sub- Total 2,255 Total 24, 805 4.5 ESMP DISCLOSURES After the ESMP review and clearance by the World Bank, there is need for public disclosure in the State and National newspaper as applicable and the World Bank Info shop. The PIU will disclose the ESMP as required by the Nigeria EIA public notice and review procedures as well as the World Bank Disclosure Policy at the World Bank Infoshop. 4.6. GRIEVANCE PROCEDURES Grievance redress mechanisms Grievance related to any aspect of the project will be handled through negotiations, which will be aimed at achieving consensus following the procedures outlined below. The grievance redress procedure shall guarantee the delivery of speedy, just and fair resolution of their grievances, preferably at local and state levels. The mechanisms shall be simple, easily accessible, and flexible and open to various proofs taking into cognizance the fact that it may involve people that are illiterate. 69 | P a g e These mechanisms are: 1st order mechanism: Local level. Community Resident Association and Local Government Administrative Head 2nd order mechanism: PIU and other State Agencies 3rd order mechanism: Alternative Dispute Mechanism of Citizen’s Mediation Centre (CMC) 4th order mechanism: Higher courts 1st order mechanism Those seeking redress shall notify the Community Resident Association, and the administrative head of their respective local government. These officials will consult with the PIU, community elders and other records to determine claims validity. If valid, chairman Resident Association and the PIU through the PIU will notify the complainant and s/he will be settled. 2nd order mechanism The open door policy of the PIU to complaints from communities under the IUFMP has so far been the singular strongest mechanism for assuring timely interventions in the delivery of prompt, just and fair resolution of grievances. This open door shall be further strengthened by monitoring and visits of the social safeguard office, social safeguard specialist and community development officer where applicable. 3rd order mechanism Beyond the PIU, an unresolved matter will be referred to the Directorate for Citizen’s Rights (CRD) created by Oyo State Ministry of Justice, which helps to provide greater access to justice for the financially and otherwise disadvantaged and vulnerable groups in society. The Citizen’s Mediation Centre (CMC) protocols are less stringent, the process more fluid allowing for self-representation, use of native dialects, and most importantly, the outcome is usually a win-win one, based on mutuality and consensus. 4th order mechanism If the complainants’ claim is rejected, then the matter will be brought before the local courts for settlement. The decision of the state high courts would be final and all such decisions must be reached within a short period of time after the complaint is lodged. 70 | P a g e CHAPTER FIVE 5.0 CONSULTATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS Stakeholder consultation is an important exercise that is necessary in achieving the success of any project/subproject. There is need to carry along the members of the community, the project management unit and the client; informing them of the project and its components and essentially document their concerns. For the success of this ESMP, two (2) stakeholder’s meetings were conducted for the members of the community. The first consultation was carried out with identified Leaders from the community. These included the Chairman Resident association of the community, and Members. The consultation was done over the phone with the Acting Chairman (Dr Akinrinmade) standing in for the retiring Chairman Ambassador Olushanu due to absence of the key officers of the association in the community. The Secretary was not around and did not come back throughout the three days that was scheduled for the consultation and Acting Chairman was busy preparing for his daughter’s wedding. The second consultation was held with itinerant traders along the major road leading to the site and tenants in the residential buildings close to the site in the course of field work on the 6th of April 2016. Table5.1 summarizes the various concerns raised during the consultation. The list of people who responded to administered questionnaire is indicated in Annex 1. In the course of preparation of the ESMP, questionnaires were designed as the tools for the stakeholder consultation. Twenty four questionnaires were administered along the residential houses close to the project site and those trading along the route. Only twelve people responded during the stakeholder consultation which was undertaken from 5th to 7th of April 2016. Out of the twelve persons, one was nominated by the tenants (8) in a building to speak on behalf of the rest of them. The list of persons consulted is presented in the appendix section of this report. Responses from the twelve persons consulted are presented in this report. The rehabilitation of the office space is seen as a welcome development by the responders, however, some concerns were brought up by stakeholders during consultation meetings and these are highlighted below. 71 | P a g e Table5. 1: Summary of Public Consultation Item Description Name of Community Ikolaba GRA residents – Officers of the Landlord association; Tenants , Tradesmen and artisans. Date Tuesday 5th April, 2016, to 7th April 2016. Language of communication English and Yoruba Opening Remarks The ESMP consultant highlighted on the scope of the Building Rehabilitation project, the ESMP study and the need of community consultation in order to deliver the project in an environmental and socially sustainable manner. Queries and concerns Raised by the stakeholders How they were addressed by the Consultant A concern raised was that if the project is just to The Consultant explained the basics of some positive and negative effects of the rebuild or rehabilitate the existing house what project at the various phases and stated further that the project is a government negative effect will it have on them and what type of office set out with a mandate to developing a long-term flood risk management office activities will go on there. framework in Ibadan. Another stakeholder raised the noise issues from the To this the consultant iterated that the noise from the dogs will be removed as the dogs currently occupying the project site, to know if office rehabilitation will not be able to accommodate the dogs. It was explained that the project will help relocate the dogs. the owner of the dogs is aware of the need to relocate his dogs from the site. Some stakeholders were concerned that the traffic In response the consultant stated the proposed mitigation measures being put in congestion in the area is increasing and wondered place to prevent increasing the traffic congestion in the neighbourhood. when on completion of the project and in the course She offered that as works commences, she is positive that appropriate measures will 72 | P a g e whether the entrances to the houses will not be be taken to address traffic issues and relived the burden on road users blocked by visitor to the government proposed office. Interview questions to responders Participants response How the intervention will impact on the health of the Community stakeholders are concerned about noise , waste and dust that will be people of the community generated during the project work which may affect the health of children and the elderly in the neighbourhoods. How will the construction affect the economic The respondents do not see any negative impact on business activities during activities of the people in the community construction. But they see a lot of benefits when the construction is completed. Such increase expected is the price of properties in the area. Perceptions about the Project Community representatives and stakeholders consulted have very positive attitude to the project. The residents were particularly happy that the abandoned project site will be rehabilitated and the incessant noise of the dogs kept on the project site will cease. Furthermore, they see it as a job creation opportunity for youths and professionals in the area. Recommendations & Remarks  That the contractor be advised to put in place Traffic System Measures in place to mitigate against loss of man hours on the road.  That contractor should ensure that before the commencement of project, a notification board indicating the period of work on each phase of the road is provided by the contractor;  That contractor should put in place appropriate safeguard measures and signal words to prevent public intrusion into construction work areas;  That site specific Environmental Management Plan is prepared by the 73 | P a g e contractors to mitigate environmental impacts. Figure5. 1: Consultation with the Stakeholders 74 | P a g e 5.1. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS Generally, the study has indicated that the proposed project will not severely impact negatively on the existing environmental, social and health as well as safe conditions of the people, locally. From the foregoing, the recommendations include the following:  The contractor and PIU coordinate with the Oyo State Federal Road Safety Commission and Oyo State Traffic Management Agency all through construction works on site to ensure that safety is maintained and potential traffic impact managed;  Proper lighting and relevant road signages and barriers should be used during construction works for safety precautions;  Community members sensitized and duly informed on the time and duration of works through consultations;  Take into cognizance the drainage pattern beside the project site is along a slope for proper discharge downstream in order to preserve the ikolaba road.  Priority should be given to local workers during the construction phase. This would reduce social problems at the community levels;  Carry the community along during project implementation and mobilize them to provide community security for personnel working on site;  Construction works is carried out in an environmentally sustainable and socially responsible and inclusive manner;  Potential environmental and social impacts of sufficient magnitude that could interrupt the execution of the project were not detected. Although, there were few negative environmental and social impacts that may potentially occur due to the activities associated with the proposed works but adequate mitigation measures have been provided to address them;  The proposed intervention work is most desirable because of the obvious environmental, health and socio-economic benefits. These far out-weigh the negative environmental and social impacts that could arise in the course of implementation;  Appropriate institutional framework has been drawn up to implement the mitigation measures and environmental management plan while the proposed monitoring programmes is put in place as soon as project construction commences. 75 | P a g e ANNEXES ANNEX 1: LIST OF RESPONDERS TO QUESTIONNAIRE Names Details Bello Lukeman Mr Femi Oyenbe Gender Male Male Age 21 – 30 years Above 40 Marital Status Single Married Religious Muslim Christianity Level of Education Post Secondary Secondary Period of lived/work 6 years (lived as tenant) 5 years (worked) around project site Address No. 1 Oba Akinyele Street Agodi No. 28 Salami Estate Bodija GRA Ibadan Ibadan Phone number 07039391248 08022386665 Noise issue He complained about the dogs in the building (project site) next to his house 76 | P a g e 77 | P a g e 78 | P a g e 79 | P a g e 80 | P a g e ANNEX 2: SUMMARY OF WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES The World Bank has in place a number of operational and safeguards policies, which aim to prevent and mitigate undue harm to people and their environment in any development initiative involving the Bank. The Nigerian EIA Act and the World Bank safeguard policies are similarly designed to help ensure that projects proposed for Bank financing are environmentally and socially sustainable, and thus improve decision- making. The Bank has twelve safeguards policies and these are: Environmental:  OP 4.00 Use of Country Systems  OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment;  OP 4.04 Natural Habitats;  OP 4.36 Forests;  OP 4.09 Pest Management;  OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources  OP 4.37 Safety of Dams; Social:  OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement;  OP 4.10 Indigenous People; Legal:  OP 7.50 Projects on International Waterways;  OP 7.60 Projects in Disputed Areas Others:  Access to Information Policy  Piloting the Use of Borrower Systems This section focuses on the World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies as applicable to the Project. Table 2A: World Bank Environmental and Social Safeguard Policies as applicable to the Project Safeguard Policies Triggered by Triggered by the Office Applicability to Project IUFMP Space Rehabilitation Project Yes No Yes No Rehabilitation works with site specific environmental and social Impacts addressed by this ESMP Environmental X X 81 | P a g e Assessment (OP/BP4.01) Natural Habitat X X (OP/BP4.04) Pest Management X (OP4.09) Physical Cultural X X Resources (OP/BP4.11) Involuntary Resettlement X X (OP/BP4.12) Indigenous Peoples X (OP/BP4.10) Forests (OP/BP4.36) X Safety of Dams X X (OP/BP4.37) Projects in Disputed X Areas(OP/BP 7.60) Projects in international waterways (OP/BP 7.50 Applicable International Conventions, Treaties and Agreements Nigeria is signatory to some international agreements and Protocols concerning the environment, notably:  Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.  Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent (PIC) Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade.  Basel Convention on Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal.  Minamata Convention on Mercury.  Vienna Convention on the Protection of Ozone Layer.  Montreal Protocol on the Control of Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer and its related amendments  International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Guidelines  Convention of Biological Diversity  Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and National Heritage Sites (World Heritage Convention)  United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992) 82 | P a g e ANNEX 3: GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CONDITIONS FOR CONSTRUCTIONS/CIVIL WORKS. General 1. In addition to these general conditions, the Contractor shall comply with any specific Environmental Management Plan (EMP) or Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the works he is responsible for. The Contractor shall inform himself about such an EMP, and prepare his work strategy and plan to fully take into account relevant provisions of that EMP. If the Contractor fails to implement the approved EMP after written instruction by the Supervising Engineer (SE) to fulfil his obligation within the requested time, the Owner reserves the right to arrange through the SE for execution of the missing action by a third party on account of the Contractor. 2. Notwithstanding the Contractor’s obligation under the above clause, the Contractor shall implement all measures necessary to avoid undesirable adverse environmental and social impacts wherever possible, restore work sites to acceptable standards, and abide by any environmental performance requirements specified in an EMP. In general these measures shall include but not be limited to: (a) Minimize the effect of dust on the surrounding environment resulting from earth mixing sites, asphalt mixing sites, dispersing coal ashes, vibrating equipment, temporary access roads, etc. to ensure safety, health and the protection of workers and communities living in the vicinity dust producing activities. (b) Ensure that noise levels emanating from machinery, vehicles and noisy construction activities (e.g. excavation, blasting) are kept at a minimum for the safety, health and protection of workers within the vicinity of high noise levels and nearby communities. (c) Ensure that existing water flow regimes in rivers, streams and other natural or irrigation channels is maintained and/or re-established where they are disrupted due to works being carried out. (d) Prevent bitumen, oils, lubricants and waste water used or produced during the execution of works from entering into rivers, streams, irrigation channels and other natural water bodies/reservoirs, and also ensure that stagnant water in uncovered borrow pits is treated in the best way to avoid creating possible breeding grounds for mosquitoes. (e) Prevent and minimize the impacts of quarrying, earth borrowing, piling and building of temporary construction camps and access roads on the biophysical environment including protected areas and arable lands; local communities and their settlements. In as much as possible restore/rehabilitate all sites to acceptable standards. (f) Upon discovery of ancient heritage, relics or anything that might or believed to be of archaeological or historical importance during the execution of works, 83 | P a g e immediately report such findings to the SE so that the appropriate authorities may be expeditiously contacted for fulfillment of the measures aimed at protecting such historical or archaeological resources. (g) Discourage construction workers from engaging in the exploitation of natural resources such as hunting, fishing, collection of forest products or any other activity that might have a negative impact on the social and economic welfare of the local communities. (h) Implement soil erosion control measures in order to avoid surface run off and prevents siltation, etc.(i) Ensure that garbage, sanitation and drinking water facilities are provided in construction workers camps. (j) Ensure that, in as much as possible, local materials are used to avoid importation of foreign material and long distance transportation. (k) Ensure public safety, and meet traffic safety requirements for the operation of work to avoid accidents. 3. The Contractor shall indicate the period within which he/she shall maintain status on site after completion of civil works to ensure that significant adverse impacts arising from such works have been appropriately addressed. 4. The Contractor shall adhere to the proposed activity implementation schedule and the monitoring plan / strategy to ensure effective feedback of monitoring information to project management so that impact management can be implemented properly, and if necessary, adapt to changing and unforeseen conditions. 5. Besides the regular inspection of the sites by the SE for adherence to the contract conditions and specifications, the Owner may appoint an Inspector to oversee the compliance with these environmental conditions and any proposed mitigation measures. State environmental authorities may carry out similar inspection duties. In all cases, as directed by the SE, the Contractor shall comply with directives from such inspectors to implement measures required to ensure the adequacy rehabilitation measures carried out on the bio-physical environment and compensation for socio- economic disruption resulting from implementation of any works. Worksite/Campsite Waste Management 6. All vessels (drums, containers, bags, etc.) containing oil/fuel/surfacing materials and other hazardous chemicals shall be bunded in order to contain spillage. All waste containers, litter and any other waste generated during the construction shall be collected and disposed off at designated disposal sites in line with applicable government waste management regulations. 7. All drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops and camp sites shall be captured and treated before being discharged into the drainage system in line with applicable government water pollution control regulations. 84 | P a g e 8. Used oil from maintenance shall be collected and disposed off appropriately at designated sites or be re-used or sold for re-use locally. 9. Entry of runoff to the site shall be restricted by constructing diversion channels or holding structures such as banks, drains, dams, etc. to reduce the potential of soil erosion and water pollution. 10. Construction waste shall not be left in stockpiles along the road, but removed and reused or disposed of on a daily basis. 11. If disposal sites for clean spoil are necessary, they shall be located in areas, approved by the SE, of low land use value and where they will not result in material being easily washed into drainage channels. Whenever possible, spoil materials should be placed in low-lying areas and should be compacted and planted with species indigenous to the locality. Material Excavation and Deposit 12. The Contractor shall obtain appropriate licenses/permits from relevant authorities to operate quarries or borrow areas. 13. The location of quarries and borrow areas shall be subject to approval by relevant local and national authorities, including traditional authorities if the land on which the quarry or borrow areas fall in traditional land. 14. New extraction sites: a) Shall not be located in the vicinity of settlement areas, cultural sites, wetlands or any other valued ecosystem component, or on on high or steep ground or in areas of high scenic value, and shall not be located less than 1km from such areas. b) Shall not be located adjacent to stream channels wherever possible to avoid siltation of river channels. Where they are located near water sources, borrow pits and perimeter drains shall surround quarry sites. c) Shall not be located in archaeological areas. Excavations in the vicinity of such areas shall proceed with great care and shall be done in the presence of government authorities having a mandate for their protection. d) Shall not be located in forest reserves. However, where there are no other alternatives, permission shall be obtained from the appropriate authorities and an environmental impact study shall be conducted. e) Shall be easily rehabilitated. Areas with minimal vegetation cover such as flat and bare ground, or areas covered with grass only or covered with shrubs less than 1.5m in height, are preferred. f) Shall have clearly demarcated and marked boundaries to minimize vegetation clearing. 85 | P a g e 15. Vegetation clearing shall be restricted to the area required for safe operation of construction work. Vegetation clearing shall not be done more than two months in advance of operations. 16. Stockpile areas shall be located in areas where trees can act as buffers to prevent dust pollution. Perimeter drains shall be built around stockpile areas. Sediment and other pollutant traps shall be located at drainage exits from workings. 17. The Contractor shall deposit any excess material in accordance with the principles of the general conditions, and any applicable EMP, in areas approved by local authorities and/or the SE. 18. Areas for depositing hazardous materials such as contaminated liquid and solid materials shall be approved by the SE and appropriate local and/or national authorities before the commencement of work. Use of existing, approved sites shall be preferred over the establishment of new sites. Rehabilitation and Soil Erosion Prevention 19. To the extent practicable, the Contractor shall rehabilitate the site progressively so that the rate of rehabilitation is similar to the rate of construction. 20. Always remove and retain topsoil for subsequent rehabilitation. Soils shall not be stripped when they are wet as this can lead to soil compaction and loss of structure. 21. Topsoil shall not be stored in large heaps. Low mounds of no more than 1 to 2m high are recommended. 22. Re-vegetate stockpiles to protect the soil from erosion, discourage weeds and maintain an active population of beneficial soil microbes. 23. Locate stockpiles where they will not be disturbed by future construction activities. 24. To the extent practicable, reinstate natural drainage patterns where they have been altered or impaired. 25. Remove toxic materials and dispose of them in designated sites. Backfill excavated areas with soils or overburden that is free of foreign material that could pollute groundwater and soil. 26. Identify potentially toxic overburden and screen with suitable material to prevent mobilization of toxins. 27. Ensure reshaped land is formed so as to be inherently stable, adequately drained and suitable for the desired long-term land use, and allow natural regeneration of vegetation. 28. Minimize the long-term visual impact by creating landforms that are compatible with the adjacent landscape. 86 | P a g e 29. Minimize erosion by wind and water both during and after the process of reinstatement. 30. Compacted surfaces shall be deep ripped to relieve compaction unless subsurface conditions dictate otherwise. 31. Revegetate with plant species that will control erosion, provide vegetative diversity and, through succession, contribute to a resilient ecosystem. The choice of plant species for rehabilitation shall be done in consultation with local research institutions, forest department and the local people. Water Resources Management 32. The Contractor shall at all costs avoid conflicting with water demands of local communities. 33. Abstraction of both surface and underground water shall only be done with the consultation of the local community and after obtaining a permit from the relevant Water Authority. 34. Abstraction of water from wetlands shall be avoided. Where necessary, authority has to be obtained from relevant authorities. 35. Temporary damming of streams and rivers shall be done in such a way avoids disrupting water supplies to communities down stream, and maintains the ecological balance of the river system. 36. No construction water containing spoils or site effluent, especially cement and oil, shall be allowed to flow into natural water drainage courses. 37. Wash water from washing out of equipment shall not be discharged into water courses or road drains. 38. Site spoils and temporary stockpiles shall be located away from the drainage system, and surface run off shall be directed away from stockpiles to prevent erosion. Traffic Management 39. Location of access roads/detours shall be done in consultation with the local community especially in important or sensitive environments. Access roads shall not traverse wetland areas. 40. Upon the completion of civil works, all access roads shall be ripped and rehabilitated. 41. Access roads shall be sprinkled with water at least five times a day in settled areas, and three times in unsettled areas, to suppress dust emissions. Blasting 42. Blasting activities shall not take place less than 2km from settlement areas, cultural sites, or wetlands without the permission of the SE. 87 | P a g e 43. Blasting activities shall be done during working hours, and local communities shall be consulted on the proposed blasting times. 44. Noise levels reaching the communities from blasting activities shall not exceed 90 decibels. Disposal of Unusable Elements 45. Unusable materials and construction elements such as electro-mechanical equipment, pipes, accessories and demolished structures will be disposed of in a manner approved by the SE. The Contractor has to agree with the SE which elements are to be surrendered to the Client’s premises, which will be recycled or reused, and which will be disposed of at approved landfill sites. 46. As far as possible, abandoned pipelines shall remain in place. Where for any reason no alternative alignment for the new pipeline is possible, the old pipes shall be safely removed and stored at a safe place to be agreed upon with the SE and the local authorities concerned. 47. AC-pipes as well as broken parts thereof have to be treated as hazardous material and disposed of as specified above. 48. Unsuitable and demolished elements shall be dismantled to a size fitting on ordinary trucks for transport. Health and Safety 49. In advance of the construction work, the Contractor shall mount an awareness and hygiene campaign. Workers and local residents shall be sensitized on health risks particularly of AIDS. 50. Adequate road signs to warn pedestrians and motorists of construction activities, diversions, etc. shall be provided at appropriate points. 51. Construction vehicles shall not exceed maximum speed limit of 40km per hour. Repair of Private Property 52. Should the Contractor, deliberately or accidentally, damage private property, he shall repair the property to the owner’s satisfaction and at his own cost. For each repair, the Contractor shall obtain from the owner a certificate that the damage has been made good satisfactorily in order to indemnify the Client from subsequent claims. 53. In cases where compensation for inconveniences, damage of crops etc. are claimed by the owner, the Client has to be informed by the Contractor through the SE. This compensation is in general settled under the responsibility of the Client before signing the Contract. In unforeseeable cases, the respective administrative entities of the Client will take care of compensation. Contractor’s Environment, Health and Safety Management Plan (EHS-MP) 54. Within 6 weeks of signing the Contract, the Contractor shall prepare an EHS-MP to ensure the adequate management of the health, safety, environmental and social 88 | P a g e aspects of the works, including implementation of the requirements of these general conditions and any specific requirements of an EMP for the works. The Contractor’s EHS-MP will serve two main purposes: o For the Contractor, for internal purposes, to ensure that all measures are in place for adequate EHS management, and as an operational manual for his staff. o For the Client, supported where necessary by a SE, to ensure that the Contractor is fully prepared for the adequate management of the EHS aspects of the project, and as a basis for monitoring of the Contractor’s EHS performance. 55. The Contractor’s EHS-MP shall provide at least: o a description of procedures and methods for complying with these general environmental management conditions, and any specific conditions specified in an EMP; o a description of specific mitigation measures that will be implemented in order to minimize adverse impacts; o a description of all planned monitoring activities (e.g. sediment discharges from borrow areas) and the reporting thereof; and o the internal organizational, management and reporting mechanisms put in place for such. 56. The Contractor’s EHS-MP will be reviewed and approved by the Client before start of the works. This review should demonstrate if the Contractor’s EHS-MP covers all of the identified impacts, and has defined appropriate measures to counteract any potential impacts. EHS Reporting 57. The Contractor shall prepare bi-weekly progress reports to the SE on compliance with these general conditions, the project EMP if any, and his own EHS-MP. An example format for a Contractor EHS report is portrayed below. It is expected that the Contractor’s reports will include information on: o EHS management actions/measures taken, including approvals sought from local or national authorities; o Problems encountered in relation to EHS aspects (incidents, including delays, cost consequences, etc. as a result thereof); o Lack of compliance with contract requirements on the part of the Contractor; o Changes of assumptions, conditions, measures, designs and actual works in relation to EHS aspects; and o Observations, concerns raised and/or decisions taken with regard to EHS management during site meetings. 58. It is advisable that reporting of significant EHS incidents be done “as soon as practicable�. Such incident reporting shall therefore be done individually. Also, it is advisable that the Contractor keep his own records on health, safety and welfare of persons, and damage to property. It is advisable to include such records, as well as copies of incident reports, as appendixes to the bi-weekly reports. A sample format for 89 | P a g e an incident notification is shown below. Details of EHS performance will be reported to the Client through the SE’s reports to the Client. Training of Contractor’s Personnel 59. The Contractor shall provide sufficient training to his own personnel to ensure that they are all aware of the relevant aspects of these general conditions, any project EMP, and his own EHS-MP, and are able to fulfil their expected roles and functions. Specific training should be provided to those employees that have particular responsibilities associated with the implementation of the EHS-MP. General topics should be: EHS in general (working procedures); emergency procedures; and social and cultural aspects (awareness raising on social issues). Cost of Compliance 60. It is expected that compliance with these conditions is already part of standard good workmanship and state of art as generally required under this Contract. The item “Compliance with Environmental Management Conditions� in the Bill of Quantities covers this cost. No other payments will be made to the Contractor for compliance with any request to avoid and/or mitigate an avoidable EHS impact. Example Format: EHS Report Contract: Period of reporting: EHS management actions/measures: Summarize EHS management actions/measures taken during period of reporting, including planning and management activities (e.g. risk and impact assessments), EHS training, specific design and work measures taken, etc. EHS incidents: Report on any problems encountered in relation to EHS aspects, including its consequences (delays, costs) and corrective measures taken. Include relevant incident reports. EHS compliance: Report on compliance with Contract EHS conditions, including any cases of non- compliance. Changes: Report on any changes of assumptions, conditions, measures, designs and actual works in relation to EHS aspects. Concerns and observations: Report on any observations, concerns raised and/or decisions taken with regard to EHS management during site meetings and visits. 90 | P a g e Signature (Name, Title Date): Contractor Representative Example Format: EHS Incident Notification EHS Incident Notification Provide within 24 hrs to the Supervising Engineer Originators Reference No: ......................................................................................................... Date of Incident: ................................................................. Time: ........................ Location of incident: ................................................................................................................... Name of Person(s) involved: ....................................................................................................... Employing Company: .................................................................................................................... Type of Incident: ............................................................................................................................ Description of Incident: Where, when, what, how, who, operation in progress at the time (only factual) Immediate Action: Immediate remedial action and actions taken to prevent reoccurrence or escalation Signature (Name, Title, Date): ..................................................................................................... Contractor Representative 91 | P a g e ANNEX 4: REFERENCES 1. Aweto, A.O. (1994). Soils. In Filani, M.O. et al. (eds.) Ibadan Region. Chapter 5, pp. 49-57. Rex Charles Publishers, Nigeria 2. Bola Ayeni (1994): The Metropolitan Area of Ibadan, Its Growth and structure a contribution in the Titled “Ibadan Region Edited by: M.O. Filani, F.O. Akintola and C. O. Ikporukpo Published by Rex Charles Publication in Association with Connel Publications, Ibadan, Oyo State 3. D’Hoore, L.J. (1964). Soil Map of Africa. CTA, Lagos. 4. Hopkins, B. (1965). Forest and Savanna. Heinemann, Ibadan. 5. Ibadan Urban Flood Management Project (2014): Environmental and Social Management Framework Final Report 6. Nwankpa, J.C. (1988), “Financing Urban Mass Transit in Nigeria�, A Case Study of Ibadan Mass Transit Services, an unpublished MURP Dissertation, Centre for Urban and Regional Planning, University of Ibadan, Nigeria 7. National Population Commission, Nigeria (1991). Census Report. 8. National Population Commission, Nigeria (2006). Census Report. 9. Tomori, M. A. (2011). The challenge of transforming Ibadan to a megacity in the 21st Century.http://cciinigeria.com/ 92 | P a g e ANNEX 5: PHOTOS STANDARD SAFETY SIGNS AT CONSTRUCTION SITE 93 | P a g e