Final Environmental Impact Assessment 670011 950S Updated in April 2004 *--' - I --- - _.Pk~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Z 4,- . X, , * !~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I -, -<~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.o Slw a~~~~- b ' - \ j Vietnam:., The _CStie Saiato Prjc _~~Hihn Su-rjc E256 1 B Additional Project Volume 12 Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland JAAKKO OYRYI S RA Soil and Water FILE 8M Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 1 Copyright ( Soil and Water Ltd All rights are reserved. This document or any part thereof may not be copied or reproduced without permission in writing from Soil an(d Water Ltd April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 1 Preface Contents Summary PART 1 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 1 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION .................................................. 2 1.1 Background of the Project ................................................................... 2 1.2 Environmental Impact Assessment of Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component .................................................................... 2 1.3 Environmental Impact Assessment of Additional Works .3 1.4 Background, Objectives, Scope and Location of Additional Works .4 2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION. 7 2.1 Environmental Management .7 2.2 Environmental Law, Decree and Standards .8 2.3 World Bank Guidelines. 9 3 BACKGROUND ..11 3.1 Environmental Setting .11 3.2 Previous and Ongoing Sanitation Projects and Studies .12 3.3 Haiphong Master Plans .13 3.3.1 Haiphong City Master Plan ..13 3.3.2 Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan ..13 3.3.3 The Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ..14 4 BASELINE DATA ..16 4.1 ocation .16 4.2 Climate Condition .16 4.3 Topography and Soil Conditions .17 4.4 Flora and Fauna .17 4.5 Rivers, Lakes, and Channels .18 4.5.1 Major Hydrological Network and Flow ..18 4.5.2 Tide Regime ..19 4.5.3 Water and Sediment Quality Data of Rivers ..20 4.5.4 Water and Sediment Quality Data of Lakes and Channels . .21 4.5.5 Water Quality Data from Phuong Luu Area ..23 4.6 Population and Socio-economic Environment ............ ............................ 23 4.6.1 Population Forecast ..23 4.6.2 Economic Structure ..24 4.6.3 Household Economy ..26 April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 3 PART 3 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND CONSULTATION 12 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND CONSULTATION ...................................... 60 12.1 General ......................................... 60 12.2 Key principles ......................................... 60 12.3 Disclosure ......................................... 60 12.4 Public Consultation Meeting ......................................... 61 Annexes Annex I Locations of Additional Works Annex 2 Water and Sediment Quality Data 2001 - 2003 Annex 3 Surface Water and Groundwater Quality in Phuong Luu Lake Area Annex 4 Pollution Loads to Water Bodies according to the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City Annex 5 Environmental Impacts of the Project Components Annex 6 Minutes of Public Consultation Meeting List of Abbreviations Organisations HPPC Haiphong People's Committee SADCo, HPSADCo Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Company HPWSSP Haiphong Water Supply and Sanitation Programme WSDSSMP Water Supply, Drainage, Sewerage and Sanitation Management Programme in Haiphong CMS Consulting Management Services MOC Ministry of Construction MOF - Ministry of Finance MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment NEA National Environmental Agency MOSTE Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment DOSTE Department of Science, Technology and Environment MOST Ministry of Science and Technology PMU Project Management Unit TUPWS Transportation and Urban Public Works Service WB, the Bank The World Bank NGO Non-governmental organisation Other ARI Average Recurrence Interval EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan PIP Project Implementation Plan RAP Resettlement Action Plan TA Technical Assistance O&M Operation and Maintenance Phuong ward April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation ProjecO - Haiphong Sutb-Project Final Envirbnmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 1 Summary Background of EIA of Additional Works Draft Environmental Impact Assessment for Additional Works was prepared during the conceptual design phase of the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project in December 2002 and the final draft EIA report during the feasibility study phase in February - March 2003. The final EIA report has been updated in February - April 2004. This final report can be considered as addendum to the Environmental Impact Assessment report prepared for the Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component in December 1998. Project Description of Additional Works The objective of Additional Works is to define additional priority investment components for the sewerage and storm drainage services in Haiphong, which have not been included in the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project, and to assess the costs and impacts of the proposed additional works. The additional investment components discussed in this study follow the proposal of the Project Management Unit of HPSADCO for utilising the savings. Scope of Additional Works The project formulation is based on the problem tree and objectives presented in Feasibility Study. The proposed Contract HPSANP-CID: Construction and Rehabilitation of Regulation Lakes and Interceptor Sewers consists of the following components: - Interceptor sewers along the North-East and South-West channels - Construction a new Phuong Luu Regulating Lake - Rehabilitation Cat Bi regulating lake - Construction of new office building for the Employer - Supply and maintenance of minor office equipment and vehicles for the Employer and the Engineer The project components listed above are included in the proposal, which the Project Management Unit of HPSADCO has submitted to the World Bank, to the Prime Minister's Office and to the Haiphong People's Committee for approval. No objection from the World Bank was received on October 24, 2002, and the Prime Minister approved the proposal on February 27, 2003 (Decision No 220/CP-CN) with statement that further decisions concerning additional works will be made by Haiphong People's Committee. Wastewater Quality and Pollution Loads For the needs of the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City it was conducted in 2000 Source-wise Unit Pollution Load Study. Samples were taken from domestic, commercial and institutional and industrial wastewater. Pollution loads to North-East channel, South-West channel and An Kim Hai channel were estimated, same as pollution loads to the Cam River, the Lach Tray April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 2 River, the Da Do River, the An Kim Hai Channel, Bach Bo Bay and the Bach Dang River. According to the surveys it was clear that the impacts of the pollution loads from the study area to the water qualities of these rivers are not large. In particular, the impact on the Cam River is negligible, due to a sufficiently large flow of the Cam River compared to the sewage volume. It can be estimated that during rainy season the dilution capacity of the Cam River is 17,000:1 and dilution capacity of the Lach Tray River is 840:1. In particular, the impact on the Cam River is negligible, because the Cam River has sufficiently big flow, Qmax = 5,215 m3/s, compared to the sewage volume of the interceptor system, which the estimated peak flow of about 0.3 m3/s in 2020. Although the flow is smaller in the Lach Tray River, Qmax = 252 m3/s, even there the impact is small and even there the limits of class B TCVN 5942-1995 can be reached. In the 1B Project, the selected wastewater treatment method is wastewater treatment via septic tanks. Parallel to the implementation of the lB Project septic tank coverage will increase and the O&M improve. Sewage is discharged from the septic tanks into sewers and further on into the lakes, channels and the Cam River and the Lach Tray River, which flow directly to the sea. The existing regulation lakes have provided partial sewage treatment, but are heavily overloaded at present. The construction of interceptor sewers, which is proposed as a part of the additional works for the lB Project, will enable the implementation of wastewater treatment in a later stage in the future. The proposed locations and discharge points of the interceptor sewers will support the implementation of centralised wastewater treatment in the future and are consistent with the Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan. Alternatives of the Project The without project alternative is to leave the project unimplemented. In that case the current environmental pollution will increase as follows: - If there will be no interceptor sewers, the untreated wastewater will flow as for the time being straight to the just rehabilitated channels and Cat Bi Lake, the environmental improvement gained by rehabilitation will not be sustainable, and the living conditions of the people living along rehabilitated channels will increase only partially. - However, no significant impact on the water quality of the Cam River and the Lach Tray River due to big flow, dilution capacity and tide of the recipient rivers - Phuong Luu Lake does not have any significant impact on drainage system, but it would have big recreational value in the area Environmental Impacts General All kind of construction works as well as activities related to these, will lead to certain cause and impacts on the environment. In this EIA-study will be analysed and specified both the negative and positive environmental impacts on the physical, April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 3 biological and human environment caused by the rehabilitation and construction of sewerage and drainage system. The main impacts in the proposed project area will mainly affect the human and aquatic environment, in lesser amount the atmospheric and terrestrial environment. The atmospheric and terrestrial impacts are mainly temporary during construction and rehabilitation works and therefore of short duration. The improvement of urban sanitation, which is currently badly hampered by frequent flooding, towards a clean and healthy environment for the population of Haiphong city is essential. The overall impact of the proposed project is positive and it is an important step in improvement of sanitation in Haiphong. This project is including the additional works to the first sanitation project aiming at the rehabilitation of the existing sewerage and drainage system of the city. Construction of Interceptor Sewers and Pumping Stations along the Channels For the time being to and through North-East channel is discharged a big amount of untreated wastewater to the Cam River and to and through South-West channel to the Lach Tray River. Construction of interceptor sewers to the both side of the channel minimises the direct discharge of untreated wastewater to the channel and hence stops the deterioration of water and sediment quality in the channel, but does not increase the total amount of wastewater, because already now all the related areas belong to the sewer network or discharge directly to channels. Closing of numerous sewers will increase the hygienic and aesthetic conditions along the channel. The stinking odour of wastewater will be also decreased. The quality of wastewater to be collected and discharged through interceptor sewers to the rivers will be improved in the near future when more and more septic tanks will be constructed with the help of revolving fund and private financing. According to the surveys the impact of discharged wastewater on the river water quality is not significant due to the high dilution capacity. The water level in the channel will be high enough also after intercepting wastewater due to operation of tidal gates. Besides that the annual mean surplus between precipitation and evaporation is positive and it not possible to stop all surface runoff to the channel. Construction of Phuong Luu Lake Construction of Phuong Luu Lake provides system improvements for storms of high intensity (5 year average-recurrence-interval, ARI, and greater), high tide conditions, and water levels regulated at minimum levels. These are conditions, where the additional storage capacity of the lake is most effective. System improvements for storms of less intensity and low tide conditions are not as significant. The amount of excavated earth during the construction of the Phuong Luu Lake and outlet channel is estimated to be about 510,000 mi3. The earth under the topsoil consists mainly of silts and there is no need for treatment of the earth or for any April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 4 special disposal arrangements. The earth can be used as backfilling material and on the proposed area there is enough place for the all excavated earth. SADCo has made arrangements with a developer of industrial areas for the tipping of the excavated earth on a 45 ha plot located between the old and new main roads to Do Son in Tan Thanh Commune, Kien Thuy rural district and Ngoc Xuyen Phuong in Do Son town. The location of this tip ("Do Son 96") is shown on Annex 1. The development of the site as a proposed industrial area was started in mid 1990's, the works implemented during that time include some general back fill and partial fencing of the site. Since late 1990's tip area has been used mainly for aquaculture. There are some temporary houses or huts within the tip site. According to the available information Haiphong Export Processing Zone Joint Venture Co. plan to develop the tip site as part of Haiphong '96 Export Processing Zone. In accordance with HPPC's decision No. 3697QD-UB dated 08.02.2002 the future investors will be supported partially for the site levelling costs. It is proposed that in particular case the support should be in kind instead of monetary contribution. The tip sites are already existing sites for this kind of land use and will not cause significant long-term environmental impacts on the surrounding areas. However, transportation of excavated earth will cause temporary serious nuisance along the transportation routes by increasing dust, noise and possibility of traffic accidents, although most of the transportation can be done via the main streets. The permanent environmental impact is the change of land use from agricultural land to lake and recreational area. However, the area is in the vicinity of Highway No 5, new road to Cat Bi airport and development area, and in the long run the land use change in inevitable. The latest location of the Phuong Luu Lake has been selected so that the need of relocation of graveyard is minimised. However, removal some existing tombs might disturb spiritual feelings of people and needs attention from local authorities. Rehabilitation of Cat Bi Lake and Construction of Interceptor Sewer For the time being wastewater from Dong Quoc Binh pumping station and from Cat Bi area is discharged through Cat Bi Lake and tidal gate into the Lach Tray River. Population of Cat Bi area has increased and the area has developed remarkably in the recent years. All of this has increased pollution of Cat Bi Lake, which has caused public nuisances and health hazards (low hygienic level, odour, mosquito swarms, contaminated aquatic plants and fishes, inaesthetic view, etc.). After the construction of interceptor sewer wastewater will bypass the lake and decrease significantly the pollution load into the small lake. Due to the limited storage capacity and bad condition of the small lakes, dredging has been considered as one major efficient method together with other improvements (improvement of water turnover, etc.) to improve the volume for temporary storing of storm water during heavy rain and to improve the overall environmental condition of the lakes. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 5 The Contractor shall dredge the Cat Bi Lake as dry excavation. The amount of the dredging and disposal is about 46,000 m3 sludge and earth. The works shall be carried out during the dry season, October - April. The Contractor shall transport and dispose excavated sludge, about 20,000 m3, at already existing Trang Cat composting facility constructed for the needs of Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project there is enough place and facilities to dispose this amount of sludge.The excavated earth, about 20,000 m3, will be transported to SADCo's Trang Cat composting yard and stockpiled for future use in Trang Cat area. The excavated earth is not contaminated and can be used as cover material at Trang Cat area without any treatment. Transportation of the sludge from the Cat Bi Lake to Trang Cat will cause temporary nuisance along the transportation routes by increasing dust, noise and possibility of traffic accidents, although most of the transportation can be done via the main street. Impacts during Operation Operation of interceptor sewers will improve the water and sediment quality in the Northeast and Southwest channels, and hence improve the health situation on the area. Due to the strong tidal effect the dilution capacity in the discharging point of Northeast channel into the Cam River at May Den and Southwest channel into the Lach Tray River at Vinh Niem is so good that in practice there will no deterioration of water and sediment quality of recipient water bodies. The construction of Phuong Luu Lake and the rehabilitation of Cat Bi Lake will increase the reservoir capacity of the drainage system and hence minimise floods. Phuong Luu Lake will also improve aesthetic value of the area, which will be used also as recreational area. Mitigation Measures General Environmental matters shall be integrated in all the design work and planning of the project. The designing will to be done by minimising the adverse impacts on environment using as much as possible existing facilities and selecting the location of new facilities in areas where the disturbance to environment, people and existing structures is the smallest. Where possible existing rights-of-way should be used rather than create new ones. Design of Interceptor Sewers and Pumping Stations To prevent the possibility of contamination water supply system a special attention shall be paid to the crossing of water pipes and collectors and other sewers. It is not allowed to install water pipes going through the sewer manholes or box culverts. If possible the sewers should be designed in the lower level than water pipelines. Discharging points of the collectors shall be selected so that the dilution will be maximised and the back flow of wastewater to channels shall be prevented. The discharging points shall have adequate distance from the tidal gates. However, the impact of busy boat traffic has to be considered, too. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 6 Synergy of the impacts of tide, flow of the river and flow from interceptor sewer has to be considered and erosion has to be minimised. One possible would be to discharge the sewage from interceptor sewer along the North-East channel at first to the existing small pond next to the pier and grow there durable species of mangrove. Screening of the wastewater will be done in pumping stations and there will be no garbage to be stuck to mangroves. Discharging through the pond would be not only as biological treatment system but also prevent erosion and abrasion of pier structures. However, according to the decision of the Haiphong People's Committee the construction of primary settling lagoon with mangroves is not included in the scope of work of Contract HPSANP-C1D. Lake Construction and Dredging Excavation of the Phuong Luu regulating lake will most probably break the geological structure and contamination of the upper aquifer is possible without mitigation measures. Special attention shall be paid to avoid contamination of groundwater by oil, petrol and lubricants and the like during the construction works. Transportation of excavated material shall be arranged in the proper way. Loads shall be covered properly to avoid spills and dust. During the excavation of the Cat Bi Lake has to be prevented the release of heavy metals and possible organic micro-pollutants and loose sediments to surrounding areas shall be prevented. The dredging works shall be carried out during the dry season. The works shall be done as dry excavation. Because there are no rare or valuable species of animals or plants in the lakes, at least the small lakes can be drained completely. This will decrease the need of de-watering of dredged material and decrease the need of transportation. The excavated sludge and other possibly contaminated material shall be transported to SADCo's Trang Cat composting facility for further treatment and disposal. Summary of Mitigation Measures Phase Main mitigation measures Responsible organisation Design - International and Vietnamese design criteria and Design standards to be used Consultant - Interceptor sewers and lakes designed so that need for Design resettlement is minimised Consultant - Works designed to implemented during dry season Construction - Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions Contractor by good operation management and site supervision - Appropriate working methods shall be followed Contractor - Sites shall be kept clean and safe during and after the Contractor work - Safety and healtlh regulations shall be strictly followed Contractor - Protective clothing and operational training for workers is Contractor essential - Transportation shall be minimised and routes selected to Contractor avoid public nuisance - Transportation during rush hours and night shall be Contractor avoided - Tight and proper equipment to transport sludge shall be Contractor l_____________ used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisances April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 7 - Construction sites and time shall be informed to the local Contractor people in advance O&M - Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions SADCo by good operation management and site supervision - Appropriate working methods shall be adopted and SADCo followed SADCo - Sites shall be kept clean and safe during and after the work SADCo - Safety and health regulations shall be strictly followed SADCo - Protective clothing and operational training for workers is essential SADCo - Transportation shall be minimised and routes selected to avoid public nuisance SADCo - Transportation during rush hours and nights shall be avoided SADCo - Tight and proper equipment to transport sludge shall be used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisances Monitoring Generic Environmental monitoring will be done during construction in three levels; namely as monitoring of development of project performance indicators done by PMU; monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractor; and overall regulatory monitoring of the project done by DONRE. Present Monitoring Into SADCO has been established Environmental Monitoring System in November 2001 to monitor impacts of Vietnam: 3 Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project. The Environmental Monitoring System includes the following performance indicators: water and sediment quality data; flooding data; monitoring of groundwater level; health indicators; and household sanitation improvements. The responsibilities have been agreed with PMU and SADCO. SADCO is in charge of sampling and analysing and collected data is entered in the PMU's computer system and filed in environmental archive. Water and sediment samples are taken from North-East channel system from five points and from South-West channel system from five points twice per year starting from November 2001. Monitoring of lB Additional Project (HPSANP-C1D) Monitoring duties of the Contractor are specified in the Contract Documents and are related to the impacts during construction. Monitoring during the construction shall concentrate on safety aspects. Special attention shall be paid to the protection of excavations, open manholes and cleaning of the streets. During the sewer cleaning the Contractor shall utilise gas detectors when opening and entering to manholes. The Contractor shall measure noise at the construction sites. DONRE is monitoring that Vietnamese environmental regulations are followed during the construction. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 8 Totally three new water and sediment monitoring points should be added to the present environmental monitoring programme of SADCO: 1) at May Den for the Cam River and 2) Phuong Luu Lake and 3) Cat Bi Lake. There is already a sampling point at Vinh Niem for the Lach Tray River. Samples will be taken twice per year. All reporting of 1B Additional Project will be done through lB main project including Semi-Annual Progress Report to WB, monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractors and all other relevant reports already in use. Capacity Development Organisation responsible for Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project is Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Company (SADCo). SADCo as the statutory provider of the sector services in Haiphong will be implementing agency of the Haiphong Sub-Project, advised by Haiphong People's Committee (HPPC). For practical day-to-day work of this Project SADCo has set up a Project Management Unit (PMU). Management Team has been established to take the matters to the Steering Committee and Supervisory Board to decide. The issues discussed in the Management Team meetings should include the following: design situation; progress of the works; payment situation; work permits; and connections to the owners of the utilities, like water, power, telecommunication etc. SADCo shall pay attention to protection of environment and implement EMP during construction. SADCo shall observe and follow resettlement rules and pay resettlement compensations. Technical assistance through Water Supply, Drainage and Sewerage and Sanitation Management Programme in Haiphong comprises institutional strengthening of SADCo including development of the organisation, relevant studies, human resources development and institutional support for commercialisation. Along with the implementation of the lB Project the need for communication with the public and the need for the information sharing have considerably increased. For that purpose SADCo would need a permanent Information Officer in charge of public relations and community participation. One engineer of PMU has been in charge of environmental monitoring of lB Project from 2001. Public Involvement and Consultation The World Bank's Operational Policies (OP 4.01) on Environmental Impact Assessment requires that affected groups and local NGOs to be informed and consulted as a part of the EIA preparation during at least two stages of the EIA- process: shortly after the EA category has been assigned and after the draft EIA- report has been prepared. Proper consultation is a requirement for EIA category A projects. Participation should be enabled during project preparation under certain conditions and is generally recommended as part of implementation. Projects that April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 9 require involuntary resettlement (OP 4.30), consultation on social issues should be included. The World Bank, like other donors, lenders and governments around the world, have recognised that many planned interventions in the past have led to undesirable impacts, often exacerbating economic inequalities and socio-political injustices. As such, these agencies have, for the past few years, been developing guidelines to ensure that meaningful consultation occurs, whereby relevant information is provided to the stakeholders and their inputs are encouraged. The World Bank's guideline entitled Policy on Disclosure of Information requires both public consultation and public disclosure by the project sponsors in the preparation of an environmental assessment. The Vietnamese version of the executive summary of draft EIA report was disclosed in all districts including to the project in February 2004. At the same time the full text of the draft EIA report was available at PMU office and informed to the project affected households. The final EA documents will be disclosed in InfoShop and VDIC at the World Bank office in Hanoi. SADCO has implemented public awareness campaigns in 2002 concerning the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project, and the campaigns will continue in 2003. Public consultation meeting for additional works was organised on 4 February 2004 and there were representatives from Ngo Quyen district, An Hai district, Cat Bi, Dong Hai and Dong Khe phuongs totally 17 participants and 6 participants from Sadco. In the meeting the participants supported the project and were ready to co-operate with PMU and contractors. It was agreed i.e. that PMU will inform well in advance the construction time; the graveyard in Phuong Luu area will be removed; PMU has to co-operate closely with districts and phuongs concerning land acquisition and compensation; and PMU has to co-operate closely with other projects in the same area. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 1 PART I ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Projec* - Hlaiphong Sub-Projoet Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 2 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 Background of the Project This Environmental Management Plan for Additional Works of the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project, Haiphong Sub-Project (lB project) is part of the ongoing World Bank-financed sanitation project in Vietnam. The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland, Department for International Development Co- operation, has agreed to provide funds for the consultancy services for the preparation of this Environmental Impact Assessment, including to the Feasibility Study, as a part of the CMS services in Water Supply, Drainage, Sewerage and Sanitation Management Programme in Haiphong (WSDSSMP). The Government of Vietnam has received a credit from the World Bank for the implementation of the Vietnam Three Cities Sanitation Project, which would rehabilitate and expand the sewerage and drainage systems in Haiphong city, in Halong city and Cam Pha in Quang Ninh Province, and in Da Nang city. In Haiphong, after signing the Contracts CIA and CIC, it became apparent that there would be considerable savings in the Credit allocation for the works. It was originally estimated that there would be savings up to 5 million USD but the revised estimation indicated approximately 8 million USD savings, including the 20% counterpart budget. 1.2 Environmental Impact Assessment of Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component During the feasibility and preliminary design phase of Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component was prepared in 1998 an Environmental Impact Assessment Study (EIA) of category "A" of the sanitation component (sewerage and storm drainage services) as required by the World Bank before loan consideration. Meeting the donor requirements, the EIA must also follow the Vietnamese law and policy. The Vietnamese Law on Environmental Protection (National Assembly), Article 18, and the Government Decree No. 175/CP, Article 9 in Chapter III, require an EIA for the sanitation component. The Water Supply and Sanitation Guidelines Project (GLO06) on Environmental Impact (June 1997) are guidelines to prepare environmental documentation to projects funded by the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and most bi- lateral agencies. The guidelines also define specific issues that should be considered in an EIA-study of sanitation projects. The EIA also followed the World Bank Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, for sewerage and drainage projects, and the World Bank Operational Policies (OP 4.01 and OP 4.30). The Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (MOSTE) was in 1999 the authority responsible for the approval of Environmental Impact Assessments in Vietnam. The EIA can be approved by HPPC under the authorisation of MOSTE. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 3 MOSTE approved an "A" category project. DOSTE is the responsible authority to supervise and control the monitoring of the project. Public consultation with parties potentially affected by the project has been an integral part of the environmental assessment methodology. It has provided baseline information; has assisted in the identification of issues requiring resolution; and has established a mechanism for constructive exchange of information between the proponent and local residents. The land acquisition and resettlement plan was presented in a separate Resettlement Action Plan report. The environmental assessment of the original project was based on the following: - collection of background data in situ in Vietnam - updating data from previous EIAs and Feasibility Studies in Vietnam - review of documents and project overview - site visits - surface water sampling from the rivers Cam and Lach Tray, An Kim Hai channel, and Dong Quoc Binh Drain (January 1998) - analysis of sewage sludge samples (1997) - water and sediment quality analysis from lakes and channels (1995) - small-scale phuong level representative and household study in 7 phuongs, January 1998 - interviews with DOSTE, SADCo, and URENCo - first public hearing in six phuongs in January 1998 - analysis of existing data - impact assessment, mitigation, and monitoring. The first version of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the ongoing Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project was prepared in the beginning of the Preliminary Design Phase of Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component (lB Project) in September - October 1998 and revised in December 1998 at the end of preliminary design phase. 1.3 Environmental Impact Assessment of Additional Works Draft Environmental Impact Assessment for Additional Works was prepared during the conceptual design phase of the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project in December 2002 and the final draft EIA report during the feasibility study phase in February - March 2003. The final EIA report has been updated in February - March 2004. This final report can be considered as addendum to the Environmental Impact Assessment report prepared for the Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component in December 1998. This Environmental Impact Assessment is based on the following: - Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component reports: - Environmental Impact Assessment, December 1998 - Environmental Management Plan, December 1998 - Resettlement Action Plan February 1999 April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 4 - Resettlement Action Plan -Report 3A and additional Resettlement Action Plan - Report 3A2, July 2001 - Vietnam Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project reports: - Final Engineering Design Report, Volumes 1 - 4, September 2001 - Bidding Documents Contract No. HPSANP-C1C Construction and Operation of Landfill, Rehabilitation of Lakes and Channels, Construction of Workshop and New Combined Sewers, Volume 5, September 2000 - Terms of Reference for Consulting Services for the Design of Additional Works for Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project, Haiphong Sub-Project, November 2002 - Feasibility Study for Additional Works, April 2003 - HPSANP-C1D Bidding Documents Volume 5 Environmental Management Plan, November 2003 - HPSANP-C1D Bidding Documents, Volume 2 Section VI Part 2 Summary of Geotechnical Investigations, December 2003, updated in January 2004 - HPSANP-C1B Bidding Documents Volume 2 Section VI Part 1 General Specifications, February 2004 - The Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam reports: Summary, Main Report Volume 1 Sanitation Master Plan, Volume 2 Feasibility Studies for the Priority Projects, Supporting Report, Data Book, July 2001 - Haiphong Water Supply and Sanitation Programme: Dong Quoc Binh Wastewater Stabilisation Pond, November 2000 - Water Supply, Drainage, Sewerage and Sanitation Management Support Programme in Haiphong: - Environmental Monitoring System, December 2001 - Drainage and Sewerage Development Hydraulics Study - Year 2002, Study Report, June 2002 - Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project, Additional Works, Volume I: Draft Main Report, Volume II: Preliminary Drawings, VIWASE, February 2003 - Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project, Feasibility Study on Additional Works Part: Phuong Luu Regulation Lake, Haiphong Communication Construction Investment Consultant Company, January 2003 - Vietnamese Environmental Standards, 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, MoSTE - Site visits - Discussions with DONRE, PMU, CMS-consulting team and Additional Works design team - Review of documents and project overview 1.4 Background, Objectives, Scope and Location of Additional Works Background of Additional Works During the World Bank Review Mission on April 15-16, 2002 and the subsequent Wrap-Up Meeting in the Ministry of Planning and investment (MPI) on April 26, 2002 it was agreed that the Project Management Unit April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 5 (PMU) of Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Company (HPSADCO) would submit their proposal how to utilise the savings to the World Bank by May 31, 2002. It was further agreed that the proposal would be sent to the Government by June 30, 2002. The proposal has been submitted to the World Bank, to the Prime Minister's Office and to the Haiphong People's Committee (PC) for approval. No objection from the World Bank was received on October 24, 2002, and the Prime Minister approved the proposal on February 27, 2003 (Decision No 220/CP-CN) with statement that further decisions concerning additional works will be made by Haiphong People's Committee. The Supervisory Board Meeting on December 12, 2002 agreed that the CMS Component of the Water Supply, Drainage, Sewerage and Sanitation Management Programme in Haiphong would prepare a Feasibility Study for Additional Works for Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project, Haiphong Sub- Project. Objectives of Additional Works The objective of Additional Works is to provide additional priority investment components for the sewerage and storm drainage services in Haiphong, which were not included in the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project, and to assess the costs and impacts of the proposed additional works. The additional investment components discussed in this study follow the proposal of the Project Management Unit of HPSADCO for utilising the savings. Scope of Additional Works The project formulation is based on the problem tree and objectives presented in Feasibility Study. The proposed Contract HPSANP-C ID: Construction and Rehabilitation of Regulation Lakes and Interceptor Sewers consists of the following components: - Interceptor sewers along the North-East and South-West channels - Construction a new Phuong Luu Regulating Lake - Rehabilitation Cat Bi regulating lake - Construction of new office building for the Employer - Supply and maintenance of minor office equipment and vehicles for the Employer and the Engineer Interceptor Sewers along the Channels Civil works, supply and installation of plant and equipment for about 14.5 km of interceptor sewers and seven wastewater pumping stations along North-East and South-West Channel Systems including construction of about 6 km of maintenance roads and about 12 km collector sewers and construction of a 200 m long drainage culvert. It is proposed that interceptor sewers will be constructed on both sides of the South- West (SW) and North-East (NE) Channels. The proposal is made to improve the water quality in the channels and prepare for the future treatment of sewage. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 6 Construction of Phuong Luu Regulating Lake The main objective for Construction of Phuong Luu Lake is to provide additional storage capacity for the North-East drainage system during hide tide and storm conditions. In addition to its primary function, Phuong Luu Lake will function as recreational area. The location of the lake is based on Haiphong City Master Plan and Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Plan. Land is available at the proposed location in the Dong Khe phuong as the area consists mostly of agricultural land. Works proposed to be included in the lake construction comprise: construction of the new about 22.7 ha Phuong Luu Lake including its outlet channel as dry excavation of about 510,000 m3 earth and construction of 2.7 km of maintenance roads along the Phuong Luu Lake and its outlet channel. Rehabilitation of Cat Bi Regulation Lake Reduction of pollution load of the Cat Bi Lake is an urgent task from the urban sanitation point of view. The construction of interceptor sewers around the lake will reduce the pollution load to the Cat Bi Lake. In addition, rehabilitation of the lake is needed. The proposed works comprise of: rehabilitation of Cat Bi Lake of about 6 ha area including dredging and disposal of about 46,000 m3 sludge and earth, civil works, supply and installation of plant and equipment for about 1.1 km interceptor sewers and one wastewater pumping station and construction of about 1.1 km of maintenance roads. Dredging is required to be done as dry excavation. Sludge removed from the lake will be transported to and treated in SADCo's Trang Cat composting facility. Project Area Location of components of Additional Works is presented in Annex 1. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 7 2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION 2.1 Environmental Management The National Assembly approved the government's proposal to create the Ministry for Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) by decision 02/2002/QHI 1 on August 5, 2002. Decree No 86/2002/ND-CP on November 5, 2002 provides in general functions, tasks, powers and organisation structure of the ministry and ministerial agencies. Decree No 91/2002/ND-CP on the functions, tasks, powers and organisational structure of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment was promulgated on November 11, 2002. The new ministry will co-operate with the General Department of Land Administration, the General Hydro-Meteorology Department and environmental offices that now operate under the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment. MONRE is the government body to exercise the state function of management over the land, water resources, minerals, environment, meteorology, hydrogeography, measuring and mapping in the national scope; exercise the governance over the public services and represent the owner of state capital in enterprises using state budgets relating to natural resources of land, water, minerals, environment, meteorology, hydro-geography, measuring and mapping in accordance with the legislation. Concerning the environment the tasks and powers are as follows: - Direct and supervise the implementation of the regulations and measures for the protection of the environment, the programs and projects on the prevention of combat and overcoming the degradation and pollution, environmental break- down as assigned by the government - Uniformly manage the national environmental monitoring system; summarise and process data from environmental monitoring and regularly assess the environment; forecast the environmental changes - Appraise the environmental impact assessment reports of the projects and business and production units; regulate environmental standards and uniformly manage the licensing, restoring the environmental standards satisfied certificates according to the regulations of the laws; - Mobilise the donor resources, receive the investment capital from the State to support programmes, projects, activities and tasks to protect the environment and manage the utilization of Vietnam Environmental Protection Fund. On the provincial level DONRE is the legal body with responsibility for environmental regulation. DONRE has the overall responsibility that the Vietnamese environmental regulations are followed during the construction. DONRE carries out environmental monitoring as follows: - Inspect execution of regulations, norms of the prevention and overcoming of environmental degradation caused by the pollution and environmental problems during the project implementation - Co-operate with the PMU to inspect execution of relevant environmental law, regulations and standards to be followed April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 8 - Determine and report all environmental pollution and problems, which occur in project area and submit the inspection report to the People's Committee for consideration and decision On the project level PMU has the main responsibility for the implementation and monitoring of the EMP and will ensure that the necessary sampling, analysing and reporting is carried out. PMU follows that the contractors will follow and implement the mitigation measures and monitoring mentioned in EMP. PMU will submit all monitoring reports to DONRE. 2.2 Environmental Law, Decree and Standards In Vietnam, the basic national environmental policy is based on the Law on Organisation of the Government (September 30, 1992), the Law on Environmental Protection (December 27, 1993) and the Decree No. 175-CP (October 18, 1994). According to the Decree 91/2002/ND-CP under MONRE has been established among many other departments Environmental Impact Assessment and Appraisal department. The EIA can, however, be appraised by the local DONRE based on their knowledge of local conditions and further be delivered to PC for approval, if delegated so by MONRE. There are no specific stipulations in the law and decree concerning the approval of EMP. MOSTE has published in 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001 Vietnamese Environmental Standards, and standardisation work is in progress. From now on MONRE will continue the standardisation work. In such cases, where the applicable Vietnamese standard is inadequate, not regulated or applicable, project agencies must obtain MONRE's approval for the use of equivalent standards of the countries that have provided the technology and equipment to Vietnam, or apply equivalent standard from a third country. The most relevant environmental related laws, standards and regulations are listed as follows: Table 2.1 Vietnamese environmental standards (MOSTE 1995, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001) Number of standard Name of standard TCVN 5998-1995 Guidance on sampling on marine waters (ISO 5667-9:1992) TCVN 5999-1995 Guidance on sampling of wastewater (ISO 5667-10:1992) TCVN 5298-1995 Requirements to the use of wastewater and their sludge for watering and fertilising purpose TCVN 5524-1995 General requirements for protecting surface water against pollution TCVN 5525-1995 General requirements for protection of underground water TCVN 5942-1995 Surface water quality standards for raw water supply and general use TCVN 5944-1995 Groundwater quality standard TCVN 6772:2000 Water quality - Domestic wastewater standards TCVN 6774:2000 Water quality - Fresh-water quality guidelines for protection of aquatic sites TCVN 6982:2001 Water quality - Standards for industrial effluent discharged into rivers using for water sports and recreation April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 9 TCVN 6983:2001 Water quality - Standards for industrial effluent discharged into lakes using for water sports and recreation TCVN 6984:2001 Water quality - Standards for industrial effluents discharged into rivers using for protection of aquatic life TCVN 6985:2001 Water quality - Standards for industrial effluent discharged into lakes using for protection of aquatic life TCVN 6986:2001 Water quality - Standards for industrial effluents discharged into coastal waters using for protection of aquatic life TCVN 6987:2001 Water quality - Standards for industrial effluents discharged into coastal waters using for water sports and recreation TCVN 5937-1995, Monitoring system for the air quality 5940-1995 TCVN 5948-1999 Allowed limitation values for road motor vehicle noise TCVN 5949-1998 Allowed limitation values for noise in public and residential areas TCVN 6962:2001 Vibration and shock - Vibration emitted by construction works and factories - Maximum permitted levels in the environment of public and residential areas The standard TCVN 5298-1995 defines the requirements for use of wastewater and sludge for watering and fertilising purposes. According to the requirements in the standard, the wastewater and sludge should not content any harmful and toxic matters and the sludge can only be used for fertilising purposes after treatment of toxic matters. 2.3 World Bank Guidelines The environmental impact assessment study for the sanitation project was designed to evaluate its status with respect to all applicable World Bank environmental and social policies and guidelines. During the EA process for this project, a review of World Bank environmental and social policies was carried out with respect to their relevance to this project. The policies directly relevant to this project are Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01), Cultural Property (OP 4.11) and Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.30). The specific World Bank guidelines that were identified as being applicable to this project are Environmental Assessment Sourcebook, Volume I and II (1991) and Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook 1997. For all Category A projects proposed for IBRD or IDA financing, during the EA process, the borrower consults project-affected groups and local nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) about the project's environmental aspects and takes their vies into account. For Category A projects, the borrower consults these groups at least twice: shortly after environmental screening and before the terms of reference for the EA is finalised; and once the draft EA report is prepared. For meaningful consultations between the borrower and project-affected groups and local NGOs on all Category A projects for IBRD or IDA financing, the borrower provides relevant material in a timely manner prior to consultation and in a form and language that are understandable and accessible to the groups being consulted. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 10 For a Category A project, the borrower provides for the initial consultation a summary of the proposed project's objectives, description, and potential impacts; for consultation after the draft EA report is prepared, the borrower provides a summary of the EA's conclusions. In addition, for a Category A project, the borrower makes draft EA report available at a public place accessible to project- affected groups and local NGOs. Once the borrower officially transmits the Category A EA Report to the Bank, the Bank distributes the summary (in English) to the executive directors (EDs) and makes the report available through its InfoShop. If the borrower objects to the Bank's releasing an EA report through its InfoShop, Bank staff (a) do not continue processing an IDA project or (b) for IBRD project, submit the issue of further processing to the EDs. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 11 3 BACKGROUND 3.1 Environmental Setting Many of the environmental problems in Haiphong are widely spread over most of the city area, some are more localised and act mostly as point-source polluters. The coastal delta area has been populated for hundreds of years, because it is favourable for cultivation and the sea is located nearby. Population density is high, with almost no uncultivated or unbuilt area. Even the area of regulation lakes is decreasing because of encroachment for housing purposes. Air emissions in Haiphong mainly originate from industry, traffic, burning of coal bricks that are used in households for cooking and uncontrolled burning of solid waste. The monitoring of air emissions in Haiphong is not systematic, and no action has been taken to reduce air pollution. However, in Haiphong there are still plenty of green areas, which improve the local air quality. All surface waters around the city centre, except some lakes and ponds and constructed irrigation channels, are saline as the rivers are affected by tidal fluctuation. The poor sanitation and drainage cause the most significant environmental and public health risks in Haiphong. There are no operating wastewater treatment facilities (except a small package treatment plant in Bong Sen village). Two treatment plants have been constructed for hospital effluent, at Children's Hospital and Viet Tiep hospital. These treatment plants have been out of operation for several years. Domestic and industrial wastewater and effluents are mainly discharged directly to the channels, lakes, or rivers, where the aquatic ecosystem provides the only wastewater treatment. The system of lakes and channels also stores storm water during high tide. The sea is the ultimate recipient of the city effluents. The lakes and channels are already overloaded with sewage and their natural cleaning capacity has therefore drastically decreased. They have turned to smelling, heavily polluted and inaestethic water bodies creating amounts of mosquitoes, which cause a public health risk. Although the collection of recyclable material at the source of generation is quite efficient in Haiphong, the waste collection, recycling, treatment and disposal need further improvements. The main streets in Haiphong are mainly clean of waste, but the alleys and open areas are in many places covered by garbage. Dumping of waste in the ground in urban areas, where it remains for considerable time before being collected, if at all, clogs the drainage system and causes risks to the environment (contamination of soil, surface and groundwater) and to public health. No proper treatment or storage of industrial and hazardous waste exists so far. One serious problem is the common habit to throw garbage straight to channels and lakes. The public awareness on environmental problems has risen in Vietnam during the past few years. However, the complexity of the problems and lack of financial resources have retarded this positive development. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 12 3.2 Previous and Ongoing Sanitation Projects and Studies Additional works is part of the ongoing Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project, and all the information and procedures related to that Project is concerning also the additional works. The content of The Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam had been discussed in Chapter 3.3.3. Haiphong Green Park Company is constructing, as a part of the rehabilitation of the Mam Tom and An Bien lake area, interceptor sewers around the lakes, a DN 400 mm pressure pipeline and a pumping station with a capacity of 120 1/s. After completion of construction the sewers and pumping station will be handed over to Haiphong Transportation and Urban Public Works Services (TUPWS). TUPWS will decide the organisation to be in charge of operation and maintenance of the facilities in the future. Haiphong Urban Upgrading Project is one of four sub-projects of the VUUP in the framework of the National Urban Upgrading Program supported by the World Bank. The project is located mainly in the inner city areas. In Phase 1 the project will be carried out in 20 residential areas in eight low-income areas belonging to four urban districts and An Hai commune. Objectives of the project are: poverty alleviation in urban areas by improvement of living conditions and living environment of the urban poor; promotion of participatory planning methods for urban upgrading to better respond to the people's demand; and multi-sectoral approach with communities' consultation in implementation process of upgrading works Primary and secondary infrastructure have been determined and proposed to be constructed for low-income communities according to master plan or already formulated project proposals. All primary and secondary infrastructures are to be constructed in phase I of the project in order to meet urgent needs and connect upgraded tertiary infrastructure. To Component 1: Tertiary Infrastructure Upgrading belong new construction and upgrading of roads, drainage, sewerage, water supply, street lighting and solid waste collection in low-income areas, which are all degraded, lack of investment and are poor quality impacting on living and environmental conditions of communities. Another part of component is upgrading of social infrastructure such as kindergartens, schools, health clinics, sites for cultural activities, services etc. The main items of Component 2: Primary and Secondary Infrastructure are as follows: construct roads such as Chua Hang road from To Hieu road to Highway No. 5 to the direction of South- East and road on top of An Kim Hai Channel; upgrade the drainage of An Kim Hai channel in the section from Luon culvert (Thuong Ly canal) to Cau Vuot in Lach Tray street with the length of 5.1 km; and secondary water supply systems in Kien An and Le Chan district about 8.5 km. Other components of the urban upgrading project are: resettlement housing; land and housing management; housing improvement loan programme; and capacity building. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Envirbnmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 13 3.3 Haiphong Master Plans 3.3.1 Haiphong City Master Plan The Urban and Rural Planning Institute and Haiphong Planning Institute have prepared the Haiphong City Master Plan in 1993 under the guidance of Haiphong People's Committee. The Master Plan was approved by the Prime Minister Decision No 608/TTg on 20 December 1993. According to the Master Plan, Haiphong should be developed to an economically "open city". The development is planned to be based on utilisation of the advantages of the port, sea, industry and tourism. The revised Master Plan of Haiphong City is extended to the year 2020 and it has been approved by Government Decision No 04-2001/QD-TTg on 10 January 2001. 3.3.2 Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan Haiphong Planning Institute and VIWASE have prepared Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan 1998 - 2010 in consistent with the City Master Plan 2010. The targets of the master plan are as follows: - Settle flooding situation in City area and reduce pollution caused by wastewater - Be consistent with short-term and long-term technical and infrastructure development plans, environmental protection and socio-economic development - Utilize existing network and regulation lakes for drainage during low tide - Apply advanced technology to improve drainage capacity and reduce pollution caused by wastewater - Formulate feasible sewerage and drainage investment projects funded by local and international financiers Drainage and Sewerage planning criteria for urban area includes determination of sewerage and drainage system; and principles of drainage planning for combined sewers and for the area with separate sewers; and for sewerage planning. Sewerage and drainage system in City area has been divided to: combined system in the North of railway (old city), Cat Bi, Thuong Ly and Ha Ly; and separate system in the South of railway. The drainage system planning in the old city area (north of the railway) is based on the rehabilitation and extension of existing network, prevention of tide intrusion to the drainage system and construction of tidal gates. Master plan provides a comprehensive drainage scheme for the drainage areas associated with the North-East and South-West channel and lake systems. In these areas the emphasis is not on rehabilitation, but construction of new sewers in conjunction with new roads. Therefore, the focus on reducing flooding in the two prioritised areas is suitable for long-term and sustainable development of the urban drainage system in Haiphong. Several options are discussed for the north and south drainage area. In the long run it is proposed to have combined drainage catchment area, but for the time being is proposed to have the existing drainage basins including construction of Phuong Luu Lake and storm water pumping stations. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 14 3.3.3 The Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam General To improve the environmental condition in Haiphong City, the Government of Vietnam requested the Japanese Government to prepare a sanitation improvement plan for Haiphong in September 1997. After negotiations and decision the field- work for the Study commenced in March 2000, and Final Report was published in July 2001. The objectives of the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City in the Socialistic Republic of Vietnam comprises the following three main components: to formulate a sanitation improvement plan for Haiphong City, Sanitation Master Plan covering water supply, drainage, sewerage and solid waste management system; to conduct a feasibility study of priority projects related to drainage and sewerage and/or solid waste management; and to transfer technology to the counterpart personnel in the course of the Study. The Sanitation Improvement Master Plan consists of five sectors for the target year 2020. These are: water supply; drainage; sewerage; water quality improvement for lakes and channels; and solid waste management. System and Facility Measures for Storm Water Drainage Improvements The planning objectives for storm water drainage are as follows: - Main objective is to improve and upgrade the storm water drainage system to promote a healthy living environment and favourable urban development - Improvements in storm water drainage are directed to flood areas where flood reductions have greatest socio-economic impacts - Selected measures for storm water drainage should be sustainable and compatible with local standards and practices Flooding problems are associated with the incidence and depth of flooding as well as flood duration. Highest priority is given to areas, which experience frequent flooding with deep flood water and long flood durations. Socio-economic benefits derived from improvements in storm water drainage for living areas experiencing flooding include the following: - Risk of faecal contamination of water supply facilities is reduced - Occurrence of water borne diseases is reduced - Damage to road infrastructure is reduced - Disturbance to traffic is reduced - Property values and property tax levies will increase - Inconvenience of flooding is reduced - Attraction for investors will increase System Facility Measures for Sewerage Development Planning objectives for sewerage management are as follows: - Main objective is to provide healthy living environment and to promote favourable urban development April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Proiect Final Environtnental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 15 - Development objective is to provide sewerage in areas with high population densities generating high pollution loads - Environmental objective is to reduce wastewater discharges to highly polluted surface water bodies - Selected measures for sewerage should be sustainable and compatible with local standards and practices According to the planning strategy in areas with high population density, more than 40 person/ha, the sewer system should be developed so that sewage from each household can be collected and treated. Sewerage development is defined according to the following technical factors, with testicular emphasis on the quantities of sewage, pollution loads, and geographic conditions: - Drainage basins - Land use and population density (present and future) - Wastewater and pollution load generation - Configuration of wastewater collection systems - City development plans Water Quality Improvement Plan for Lakes and Channels Among the various functions of lakes and channels the focus is on the improvement of environmental and recreational conditions, including water quality, sediment quality, odour, amenity, and aesthetic aspects. The ultimate target was the attainment of water quality standard TCVN5942-1995 by 2020. The main pollution mechanism of lakes and channels in urban Haiphong is the inflow of untreated sewage. Hence, the most effective measure to improve water quality of lakes and channels will be development of the sewerage system. Considering the complex nature of the pollution problems in Haiphong and the multiple-functionality of lakes and channels, no single measure would be able to solve all water quality problems. Hence, the combination of measures was considered based on the following criteria: - Effectiveness of measures - Time required to implement the measure - Technical, financial, and institutional/organisational requirements to implement the measure - Availability of land - Existing and/or planned measures to improve water quality - Related measures proposed in other sectors of Master Plan, including sewerage and drainage April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 16 4 BASELINE DATA 4.1 Location Haiphong City is located on the southern part of the Bac Bo plain in the coastal triangle delta of Red River. It is bordering with Gulf of Tonkin of South China Sea in the east, and with provinces of Thai Binh in the south, Hai Hung in the west and Quang Ninh in the north and north-east. Haiphong is the third largest city in Vietnam and is one of the cities in Vietnam having a status comparable with provinces. The urban centre consists of three districts namely Hong Bang, Ngo Quyen and Le Chan. Kien An is also upgraded to be urban district. The urban districts are further divided into smaller units called phuongs. 4.2 Climate Condition The climate of Hai Phong City is dominated by the monsoons with two clear seasons: the rainy season coincides with the hot season (from March to October), and the dry season coincides with cold season (from November to March). The annual average temperature is about 230. The average temperature in winter is 190C, in summer 260C. The coldest month is January (> 11°C) and the hottest month is July (28°C). The annual average precipitation varies between 1,100 - 1,850 mm mean being 1,754 mm. The rainfall concentrates from May to September, accounting for 77% of the total rainfall in the year. During rainy season maximum rainfall can reach 100 mm/day, while in other months it is only 10-15 mm/day. The highest average rainfall is in August and the lowest average rainfall is in December. Table 4.1 Montlily Precipitation, Evaporation (mm) and Humidity (%) in Phlu Lien Meteorological Station in 1957 - 1997 Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Rainy days 9 14 18 14 12 15 14 17 13 10 6 5 lain (max) 68 37 54 184 184 167 224 362 182 343 149 35 lain (avg) 33 37 54 99 187 244 214 377 232 154 42 16 Evaporation 55 35 32 39 62 66 71 56 64 76 75 68 I / - -22 +2 +22 +60 +125 +178 +143 +321 +168 +78 -33 -52 umidity % 84 88 91 90 87 86 86 88 85 81 77 77 Rainy days: Average number of rainy days per month Rain (max): Average highest rainfall of month Rain (avg): Average monthly rainfall The annual average evaporation is 698 mm, representing 40% - 45% of the total annual precipitation. In the dry season (especially from February to April), evaporation rate accounts for only 15% of the total annual evaporation. About 30 % of evaporation occurs from September to November. The humidity in Haiphong is quite high, the average humidity being 85% and it's at its highest in February-April. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 17 The wind velocity varies between 2.3mi/s - 3.1m/s, averaging 2.6m/s. The average maximum wind velocity are in the south-east monsoon period 20 - 24 m/s and in other months 10 - 16m/s. Typhoons originated outside the region, but have great importance on the coastal area. Several typhoons with a wind velocity of over 40m/s have occurred. In 1992-1994, wind velocity varies from 0 to 30m/s with average wind velocity of 6.0m/s. There are two main wind directions in the project area, north-eastern wind in winter and southeast in summer. The measured wind directions in 1992-1994 are mainly northwest and northeast in October-February and south and southeast in February- October. 4.3 Topography and Soil Conditions The topography in Haiphong is mostly flat and very gently sloping due to the deltaic character of the area. The terrain slopes slightly from northwest to southeast. Ground elevation varies mostly between 0 to 4 meters above the sea level. The highest areas are in Kien An, south-west of the city, where hills reaching a maximum height of 140 meters can be found. Other hills are located in Do Son and Thuy Nguyen. These landforms are subject to intensive weathering and erosion processes. The soil in Haiphong area consists of alluvial and marine sediments. According to general geological studies of Haiphong City, the total thickness of clay layers is about 25-30 meters. Hard stratum of sandstone or siltstone has been found at the depth of 50-70 m from ground surface. The soil is unstable due to the upper soft organic clay sediments. Average soil resistance is 0.3-0.5 kg/cm2. According to the soil investigations in Trang Cat in 1995 and 1998 the permeability of surface soil, silty clay layer, varies from k = 4.3 x 10-5 to 2.2 x 10- cm/s. The permeability of mud clay from depth 7.5 to 13.5 meter is in average 7.7 x 10-7 cm/s. Groundwater level is generally high, dry season values varying from 0.5-3 m from ground surface. 4.4 Flora and Fauna The vegetation in the urban area consists mainly of planted trees and greenery. In the sub-urban areas there are also grassland plants' and bushes along the roads. The variety of sparsely distributed natural vegetation is very poor and has no economic or environmental value. There are no endangered plants in the study area. The arable land is used effectively to cultivate paddy, vegetables and fruits. Water plants, of which the most common are water hyacinth, duckweed and water spinach, cover partly or wholly water bodies. Aquatic weeds are commonly grown and they are mainly used to feed fish and animals, for human food, paper and fibre production, soil additives, etc. The most common fishes in the lakes and ponds in urban area are natural species such as different species of carps and tilapia. Shrimps, crabs, clams and snails are collected or cultivated on ponds and paddy fields around the city. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 18 4.5 Rivers, Lakes, and Channels 4.5.1 Major Hydrological Network and Flow The Bac Bo plain, the Red River delta, has a dense network of rivers. The main rivers in the Haiphong area are the Da Bach River (the Bach Dang River), the Kinh Thay River (the Cam River), the Lach Tray River, the Van Uc River and the Thai Binh River. Besides these main rivers, there are several small rivers like An Kim Hai system, (also called the Sai River, the Re River and the Tam Bac River) and the Da Do River. These two are the raw water sources to water treatment plants, and are separated with tidal gates from other river systems. Therefore the changes in water level and impact of tide on these rivers are very limited. Cam River is separating the city centre and Thuy Nguyen district. The width of the river is 500 to 600 m and the depth is 6 to 8 m. The following hydrological data is available: Qma,x= 5,215 m3/s, during flood tide Qmax= 2,240 m3/s, maximum velocity Vmax= 2.58 m/s, minimum velocity is Vmin= 1.05 m/s, maximum water level Hmax= 452cm (in the year 1986) and minimum water level Hmin= 20cm (in the year 1969). The average content of suspended solids is 3.9 kg/mi3 and during flood tide it is 2.5 kg/m3. Maximum salinity is 2.88%. The estuary becomes fast shallower due to the high amount of suspended solids and because the channel between the city and Dinh Vu island has been closed. Lach Tray River starts from the Rang River, runs through Kien An and discharges through Lach Tray gate. In the city centre the Tam Bac channel connects the Lach Tray River and the Cam River. The width of the river is 100 to 200 m and the depth is 4 to 7 m. In Kien An is recorded the following data: Qnax= 252 m3/s, Hmax= 253 cm, Hmjn= 8cm, suspended solids in dry season 0.3 - 1.5 kg/m3, and salinity 2.85%. An Kim Hai channel system is originally complex irrigation system to serve Hai Duong and Hai Phong provinces. The An Kim Hai channel receives water from the Rang River by Bang Lai channel and Quang Dat channel. At the lower section of the river it receives more flow from Kinh Mon River by the Kim Son channel. Along the last ten kilometres section through the Haiphong City the An Kim Hai channel is nowadays in practice open sewer, partly blocked by solid waste and water plants. From the hydrological point of view the rivers are not independent. A large number of channels for irrigation and drainage and new connections between rivers have been built during centuries. Thus the main rivers have several mutual connections, both natural and man-made, making the whole concept of a catchment an ill- defined one. Due to the numerous interconnections between the rivers, it is impossible to define a basin area for most of rivers. The total drainage area can be estimated to be 17,000 km2. Characteristic to Bac Bo plain rivers is low gradient, which is on average 2 to 5 cm/km. This and wide riverbeds lead to low flow velocities in the rivers. The water levels vary strongly in the main rivers due to the morphological parameters of the river reach and do not directly correspond to the flow regime. In dry periods typical monthly level variations are less than one meter. During flood peaks water level April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 19 rises at some sites by only I to 2 meters, while at some sites the increase can be up to 6 to 8 meters. The mean specific flow in upper Thai Binh river system is over 20 I/s/km2. It decreases downstream, both due to lower precipitation and due to water intake for irrigation. Over 80 % of the flow occurs in June - September, only 5 % in December - March. During the highest floods, the maximum specific flow exceeds 1,000 I/s/km2 at the headwater stations. In the main streams flow is smaller. The high flow usually occurs in July or August, but it may occur in any month from May to October. The minimum specific flows vary considerably from station to station. At some stations the minimum flow is below I l/s/km2, while at the others the extreme flows are over 2 I/s/km2. This variation is partly due to water use for irrigation and other purposes. The time of minimum flow is also variable: it usually occurs in January - April. But even some rainy season occurrences have been observed. The distribution of the flow rate in the year is uneven. The year is divided into two seasons: the flood season and low water season. The flood season usually lasts four months, from June to September. The flood flow is high, can account for 85 % of the total flow in the year. The low water season lasts from October to May next year. 4.5.2 Tide Regime The tides in the Bac Bo Gulf have both regular and ir-egular diurnal regimes. The tide amplitude in the Gulf varies from 0.5 to 0.6 meters, tending to decrease southwards. Tide is the main cause of water changes in river around Haiphong City. It also affects the hydrological condition, water quality and water discharge at tidal gates. The highest tide amplitudes observed in Hon Dau observing station in Do Son are presented in Table 4.2. Table 4.2 Maximum Amplitude (cni) Measured in Hon Dau Monitoring Station |Month| 1 2 3 4 l 5 5 7 8 9 |10 |11 12 Cm 375 360 329 318 354 370 372 347 327 363 370 l 394 Source: Hon Dau monitoring station- North-eastern Meteorological Station, Meteorological Bureau, 1998. The Cam River and the Lach Tray River are affected by diurnal tide regime, the rising time and falling time of the tide are approximately equal. In average a tide cycle is 14 - 15 days. The tidal regimes within a tide cycle are different and a tide cycle can be divided into three stages: 1. The low tide stage: usually covers the first and last 2 - 3 days of the tide cycle, with small tide amplitude, about 50 cm 2. The medium tide stage: from the fourth day to the seventh day of the tide cycle 3. The high tide stage: from the eighth to the twelfth day of the tide cycle. The tide amplitude is rather large, may reach 3 m The high tide has no clear seasonal fluctuation, although it occurs mainly in June - July or December - January. Its main influence is the change of tide level and salinity. The flow velocity at the upstream (18 km/h in the Red River) is higher than April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 20 at the downstream (10 km/h in the Red River). At the high tide level, the saline water intrudes up to the upstream of rivers. However, the distance of this intrusion is very much less than the maximum distance of tide fluctuation. The time when occur ebbs and flows also varies. - Diurnal tide fluctuationi cycle: Most of the time, about 25 days in a month, occurs diurnal tide fluctuation. The tide cycles are equal, bout 24 h 24'. During this period there may be 2 ebbs and flows in a day, but this occurs maximum only 2 - 3 days a month. - Semni-monthly cycle: High tide usually occurs during 2 - 3 days when the moon reaches the highest latitude in the North and the South. The water level change rapidly (may be at the rate of 0.5 rn/h). - Low tide usually occurs during 2 - 3 days when moon passes across the equator plane. The water level fluctuation is inconsiderable, sometime stands still. - Seasonal cycle: The tides also have semi-annual cycles. The highest tide occurs at the summer solstice (23 June) and winter solstice (23 December), whereas the lowest tide occurs at spring equinox and autumn equinox (21 March and 21 September respectively). - Lontg-term cycle: Among long-term tide cycle, only the 9-year cycle has considerable impacts on the characteristic of the tide. - Influe7tce of tides: Tides influence on the hydro-environmental characteristics and water quality of the lower part of all rivers. The two main impacts are the tide current and saline water intrusion. - Tide currenit: Tidal movements of the rivers in the area are different. - In the Red River the rising tide current velocity is 18 km/h and the falling tide current velocity is 10 km/h. In the Thai Binh River the rising tidal current velocity is 12 - 15 km/h. 4.5.3 Water and Sediment Quality Data of Rivers To receive additional baseline data from the river water quality in the Cam River and the Lach Tray River, the An Kim Hai channel and the Dong Quoc Binh drain, HPWSSP ordered water sampling and analysis from the Haiphong fnstitute of Oceanology. A total of six sampling points were addressed upstream and downstream of the Cam River and the Lach Tray River plus altogether three samples from the channel and drain. The sampling and analysis were carried out in January 1998 during ebb tide. The water in the rivers was turbid. The sampling was carried out both in the surface and bottom water layers. The water analyses from the Cam and the Lach Tray rivers in January 1998 are in general as follows: - BOD5 values were low, only 2 - 4 mg/l - values of ammonium NH4+ (0.165-0.352 mg/I) and sulphate s042- (186-730 mg/I) were high - values of oil and grease were generally over the Vietnamese limitation value (0.3 mg/l) - E. coli bacteria value was extremely high in most of the samples The BOD5 value seems to be too low for the river water regarding the discharge of untreated wastewater. This can be due to the analysis method used in the April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 21 laboratory. The samples have been filtered before analysis. If the analysis were carried out without filtration, the result could have been even ten times more. Unpolluted waters typically have BOD values of 2 mgll or less, whereas those receiving wastewater may have values up to 10 mg/I. Raw sewage can have a BOD value of about 600 mg/I. Total ammonia concentrations measured in surface waters are typically < 0.2 mg/l, but may reach values of 2-3 mg/I. Higher concentrations can be an indication of organic pollution such as from domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and fertiliser run-off. The sulphate concentrations in natural waters are usually between 2 and 80 mg/I, although they may exceed 1,000 mg/l near industrial discharges. High concentrations > 400 mg/I may make water unpleasant to drink. The permissible concentration of mineral oils and petroleum products in water depends on the intended use of the water. The recommended maximum concentrations for drinking water supplies and fishery production are between not detectable - 0.3 mg/l. The heavy metals were not analysed from the surface water samples. Based on the scattered water analysis data of the Cam River water, the analysis results indicate that there were already anthropogenic impacts in the upstream river water before it passes the city centre. The untreated wastewater from the city, which is discharged to the river is, however, clearly visible in the analysis results, for example the oxygen in the river water decreases, while the values of ammonium, sulphate and mineral oils increase. The impacts of wastewater discharge are concentrated in the main city area. Downstream from the city, the effects of the sea on the quality of river water can also been seen in the results. Seawater intrudes into the Cam River, diluting the concentrations. The same features are also visible in the Lach Tray River. The water upstream Lach Tray has already anthropogenic impacts of population, but the discharge of wastewater from the city can be seen as higher concentrations of ammonium, sulphate, mineral oils and extremely high amount of E. coli bacteria. The analysis of the water from the An Kim Hai channel and the Dong Quoc Binh Drain show similar properties as the river water. The BOD5 values show, however, higher concentrations e.g. from 4.1 mg/I to 10.1 mg/I. The ammonium value is higher in the channel and drain water than in the river waters, but the sulphate value is much lower. Also total dissolved carbohydrates are higher in the channel and drain waters. The amount of E.Coli bacteria in the channel and drain water is extremely high, between 110,000 to 240,000,000 pcs/100 ml. 4.5.4 Water and Sediment Quality Data of Lakes and Channels In Haiphong there are several artificial ponds and lakes fed from the network of rivers and channels. Total surface area of the regulating lakes is about 45 ha and effective water volume about 463,000 m3 (H=2.5 m) and 636,000 m3 (H=3.0 m). April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 22 The two main drainage channels serving the centre of Haiphong are the North-East (Dong Khe) channel discharging to the Cam River and the South-West channel discharging to the Lach Tray River. The total length of the two channels is about 6.2 km. The present water volume in the North-East channel is 337,000 m3 and in the South-West channel 110,000 m3. Additional discharge and rainfall to the channels will result in flooding. The lakes have been planned for the following functions: to store storm water and wastewater (during high tide when the tidal gates are closed); to treat wastewater biologically; to raise fish; and to create a recreational area. The area of lakes, ponds and channels has reduced considerably in recent years due to sedimentation, dumping of solid waste, and reclamation of the banks for housing purposes. Based on the results of the water and sediment analyses in 1995, the status of the lakes is generally very serious and most of them are overloaded. The greater An Bien Lake seems to be in a better condition. The biological oxygen demand is very high in all lakes, in some lakes approaching the values of raw sewage and the high ammonia values is most probably caused by the organic pollution of sewage. The lake waters have only small amounts of heavy metals. All analysed lakes and channel waters have very high values of mineral oils. The sediment analyses from the lakes and channels show that the lakes and channels are severely overloaded by organic material and nutrients. The values of heavy metals in the sediment are mainly within quite reasonable limits, except the high values of cadmium, lead and zinc. Also chromium, mercury and nickel contamination has been considerable especially during 1990's. Into the SADCo has been established Environmental Monitoring System, which is including also water and sediment quality monitoring. Results of five sampling rounds are available. Based on the previous surveys and this information the inner city lakes and channels have serious organic pollution, see Annex 2. The latest heavy metal concentrations in sediment are on reasonable level (Annex 2). The variation of the lowest and the highest maxima 2002 - 2003 and international standards is presented in the Table 4.3. The heavy metal results of the first sediment sampling round in November 2001 were much higher than the results from other sampling rounds. Most probably there was some inaccuracy in analysing and the results are not comparable. Based on the analysing results from the other inner city lakes in Haiphong in 2002 - 2003 it can be estimated that the sediment quality of the Cat Bi Lake is the similar than in the other lakes. According to the latest results analysed concentrations of all heavy metals are well below the international standards (Table 4.3 and Annex 2). Although in general the results are not very alarming it is recommended that the estimated amount of about 20,000 m3 dredged sludge from Cat Bi Lake would be transported and disposed at already existing Trang Cat composting facility constructed for the needs of Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project, and disposed in the same way than other dredged material of the project. At Trang Cat there is enough place and facilities to dispose this amount of sludge. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 23 Table 4.3 Maximum concentrations of heavy metals (mg/kg) in ten Inner City Lakes in Haiphong 2002 - 2003 compared with sludge quality limits according to the international standards mg/kg Variation of Sludge Sludge Sludge Sludge D.W. maximum NL 1) NL 1) Utilisation in Utilisation for values of ten Target value Intervention Agriculture Landscaping inner city lakes 2) value 3) EU limits 4) 5) in Haiphong As 0.28- 1.99 29 55 Cd 0.20 - 9.36 0.8 12 3.0 10 Cr3+__ 18 -163 100 380 Pb 11 - 209 85 530 150 300 Hg 0.01 - 0.65 0.3 10 1.0 5.0 Zn 89 - 425 140 720 1500 1) Dutch Soil Cleanup Guidelines, 1995. Standard soil 25 % clay and 10 % organic matter. Average value. 2) Soils demanding use exceeding Target Value should be cleaned up. 3) Soils exceeding Intervention Value should be cleaned up. 4) European Union limits, 1997 5) Finnish Environmental Ministry Guidelines, 1998 Excavated earth from the Cat Bi Lake will be transported to Trang Cat composting yard and stockpiled for future use in Trang Cat area. The excavated earth is not contaminated and can be used as cover material at Trang Cat area. More detailed water and sediment quality data is presented in EIA report of Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component (1998), in the reports of the Study on Sanitation Improvement plan for Haiphong City in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (2001), and Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Semi-Annual Reports. 4.5.5 Water Quality Data from Phuong Luu Area For the needs of the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City were taken water samples from drainage ditch and pond and two groundwater samples, one from drilled well and one from shallow well in Phuong Luu area. The surface water quality in Phuong Luu area was still ensured, all indicators were lower than permissible level. Compared to TCVN 5944-1995 the groundwater in this area indicated biological pollution. The number of coliform bacteria was 83 - 126 times higher than the permissible level, and number of faecal coliform 100 - 180 times higher than the standard limits (Annex 3). 4.6 Population and Socio-economic Environment 4.6.1 Population Forecast The following population forecast includes the urban area of Haiphong and the rural communes in the An Hai district, which are located next to the urban areas. The population figures received from the Population and Planning Steering Committee (April 1999) have been used as the starting point for the forecasts. The annual population growth during the past years has been around I %/year in the April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 24 urban areas, and the same growth rate is used for the future projection. In the urban centre, the growth is anticipated to concentrate mainly on the fringe of the centre, since the central phuongs are already nearly fully built. Table 4.3 Populatioii forecast in Haiphong (Haiphong Water supply and Environment Project, Stage 2A / Feasibility Study, 2000) Area 1999 2005 2010 2015 2020 Urban Centre Hong Bang ') 93 600 99 300 104 400 109 700 115 300 Ngo Quyen 171400 181900 191 200 201000 211200 Rural communes 2) 39 100 41 500 43 600 45 800 48 200 Le Chan 143 200 152 100 159 800 168 000 176 500 Rural communes 3) 33 400 35 500 37 300 39 200 41 200 Total urban centre 480 700 510 300 536 300 563 700 592 400 Other Urban Kien An 71 500 76400 80 800 85 600 90 800 Vat Cach area 4) 51 500 55 100 58400 61 800 65 500 Do Son 30 000 32 300 34 000 35 700 37 400 Total other urban 153 000 163 800 173 200 183 100 193 700 Total urban 633 700 674 100 709 500 746 800 786 100 1) The An Dong area is included in the Hong Bang figures and the Quan Toan and Hung Vuong phuongs are excluded (the population of the Hong Bang district is 95 600 in 1999, including Quan Toan and Hung Vuong and excluding An Dong). 2) Includes the Dong Hai, Dang Hai, Nam Hai and Dang Lam rural communes in the An Hai district, which are partly included in WSCo's service area. 3) Includes the Du Hang Kenh and Vinh Niem rural communes in the An Hai district, which are partly included in WSCo's service area. 4) Includes the Quan Toan and Hung Vuong phuongs and the rural communes of An Hong, Nam Son, Tan Tien and An Hung, and the Re town in the An Hai district. 4.6.2 Economic Structure Haiphong has been one of the fastest growing areas in Vietnam in recent years, owing largely to its location and role as a major port for Hanoi and the Red River Delta area, and in view of the gradual opening up of the Vietnamese economy to international trade. Table 4.4 shows that Haiphong's gross regional product (GRP) increased by 30% in real terms over the four-year period 1995-1998. Services continue to be the most important general sector, but only grew at a rate of 23 % over the period. Within the services sector, the most important, in 1998, were transport and communications (32 percent of all services); commerce, land development and consulting, 31 percent; public administration 12 percent and education and training 8 percent. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 25 Table 4.4 GRP by Ecoiiomic Sector 1995-98 (Billion Dong, 1994 Prices) Year | % of % 1998 change Total 1995- Economic Group 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 Agriculture, Forestry, 957.1 1027.8 1083.1 1129.0 16.4 17.9 Aguaculture Agriculture 799.3 848.1 894.7 932.5 Forestry 24.3 25.8 26.7 26.0 Aguaculture 133.5 153.9 161.7 170.5 Industry 1526.9 1698.7 2126.7 2414.4 35.0 58.1 Exploitation, Mining 32.3 40.1 43.6 42.5 Manufacturing 929.8 1028.2 1441.9 1730.0 Power and Water Supply 95.3 95.2 125.3 107.0 Construction 469.5 535.2 515.9 534.9 Services 2542.7 2837.1 2961.2 3129.7 45.3 23.1 Commerce, land development, 864.0 941.6 972.1 975.6 consulting Hotels, restaurants 154.5 160.7 152.4 154.0 Transport, warehouses, 710.0 843.9 866.2 1000.4 communications Finance, credit 126.2 129.7 94.0 80.1 Scientific Research 8.0 11.3 12.8 14.1 Public administration 333.2 345.1 395.6 394.4 Education, training 173.1 193.5 237.0 258.3 Health and social services 82.6 92.0 104.6 108.4 Culture, sports 20.3 43.5 38.1 51.9 Associations 5.5 5.6 8.7 9.5 Individual and community 61.8 64.9 73.3 74.8 services Household services 3.5 5.3 6.4 8.2 1 1 Import taxes 284.7 257.9 215.2 230.7 3.3 -19.0 TOTAL 5311.4 5821.5 6386.2 6903.8 100 30.0 Source: Statistical Abstract Haiphong City 1995-1998, 1999 The fastest growing sector was industry, which increased by 58 per cent over the period, and which accounted for 35 per cent of GRP in 1998. By far the most important of this general sector was manufacturing. The agriculture sector grew by about 18 per cent over the period, accounting for 16 percent of GRP in 1998. Of major policy interest is the fact that the contribution of import taxes fell from 5 per cent to about 3 percent of the total, representing a reduction in revenues of 19 percent over the period. This is explained by trade liberalization policies that are being gradually introduced by the Vietnamese government. The industry in Haiphong is diversified from big size basic industry owned by the Central Government, to medium and small size industry controlled by local authorities, and to small-scale private enterprises. The most important industrial sectors include machinery manufacturing, shoes and garment manufacturing, production of construction materials, food processing and production of chemicals, fertilisers and rubber. According to Haiphong City Master Plan, new industrial areas will gradually develop outside the city centre and the industrial production in the city centre will move to these industrial areas. Development is ongoing in the Vat Cach area, where the Nomura joint-venture company has established an industrial zone. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 26 Another industrial area is the Dinh Vu Economic Zone, east of the urban centre. The first phase of the project is anticipated to comprise an industrial park of 164 hectares. Currently, only few enterprises are operating in Dinh Vu. The road from Haiphong to Do Son is also potential area for industrial development, several shoe and garment factories have recently been established there. Construction of the Vinh Niem Industrial Zone for small and medium size enterprises has also started along the new ring road. 4.6.3 Household Economy Vietnam has undergone a long history with many different development periods. In 1986, after an economic crisis, the Government of Vietnam provoked the renovation (doi-moi) policy. The implementation of the policy has rapidly increased the economic growth and development. The new economic reform will open new economic opportunities for the private sector, which is rapidly growing. The economy of Vietnam will strategically develop from the State subsidiary system towards a market economy system. According to the household survey carried out in 1995 by the National Urban Wastewater Collection and Sanitation Strategy for Vietnam (NUSS), the average number of people in the households in Haiphong is 4.9. There are usually two earners in the households. According to the NUSS household survey the monthly income in 1994 was about 1,000,000 VND. Similar results have been got from socio-economic surveys made for the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City along the An Kim Hai Channel, Vinh Niem and Trang Cat in 2000. The official figures area somewhat lower. According to the Statistical Yearbook 1998, the average monthly income in Haiphong in state sector (under local government management) was about 433,000 VND/month in 1998 and 378,000 VND/month in 1997. According to information received from Haiphong People's Committee (Board for Poor Households), the percentage of poor households in Haiphong is (in May 1999) about 2.1 % in the urban districts of Haiphong (0.5 - 1.3 % in the urban centre, 5.5 % in Kien An and 10.4 % in Do Son) and 9.7 % in the rural districts. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 27 5 DRAINAGE AND SANITATION STATUS 5.1 Drainage Areas and Capability of Drainage and Sewerage System The urban area of Haiphong is served by a combined gravity sewerage and drainage system. The area covered by the existing sewerage and drainage network and channels is about 2,000 hectares, which comprise the urban districts of Haiphong. The urban area of Haiphong can be divided into three major drainage areas, which are: old city centre (north of the railway) drainage area; northeast drainage area, and southwest drainage area. The sewerage service area covers approximately the same area as the water supply network. The operation and management of the sewerage and drainage system (including the drainage channels, regulating lakes and tidal gates) is the responsibility of SADCo. Sanitation facilities in the City have been inadequate, and the hygienic condition is poor. Surface waters in and around the city are heavily polluted, particularly due to the discharge of wastewater. During the rains the unsatisfactory hygienic situation in the city is worsened by poor drainage. Flooding has been determined to be the most critical sanitation problem in the urban areas of Haiphong. Several basic problems of the sewer system have been identified which combine to cause flooding in the urban areas of Haiphong. The drainage capacity of the sewer system will be improved by ongoing Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project. 5.2 Flooding The flat delta topography with almost no gradient together with the climate and high tides put pressure to the drainage system. Many areas in the city centre are flooded during heavy rafn (>50 mm/h) and storms, and a mixture of solid waste, excreta from septic tanks and bucket latrines, oil and grease, toxic substances, wastewater and storm water flow to the streets. There is a serious risk of drinking water contamination through the poorly protected public and private water tanks, damaged water pipes and private wells. Possible spread of diseases either by direct contact with the flooded water or indirectly through drinking water, is a serious public health risk. Moreover, flooding causes damages to structures. Three operation and maintenance teams of SADCo have provided the data of the flooding situation. The flood records represent the worst flooding situation, meaning estimated intense rainfall >100 mm during high tide. For the same rainfall occurring at low tide, the flood is estimated to be shorter. Flood depth is estimated as the difference between the road centre line and the water table. Flooding in residential areas and on streets in the Hong Bang district is one of the most severe in Haiphong. Flooding is at its worst in the Ha Ly phuong and in part of Thuong Ly phuong, where flood depth can reach 30-40 cm (Thuong Ly) to 40- 80 cm (Ha Ly). The duration of the flood can be between 24 to 51 hours. This is April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 28 due to the low area and inadequate sewers that are in poor condition. The Ha Ly area was heavily bombed during the war and the infrastructure was badly damaged and the budget for the rehabilitation work has been very limited. The flood depth on the streets of the greater Hong Bang district varies between 15- 20 cm to 30-40 cm and the duration respectively 5-6 hours to 6-8 hours. The flooding on the streets of Ngo Quyen district varies from about 20 cm to 30-40 cm and the duration from few hours to maximum 18-24 hours. The flood depth and duration is quite severe in Dong Xuan lowland area in the Le Chan district, where the flood depth can be between 20-30 cm and the duration 24 to 48 hours. This is due to poor outlet pipe to irrigation channel. Similar flooding problems are also in An Duong collective quarter, but the duration is usually few hours. Flooding on the streets is severe for example along part of Hai Ba Trung and Cat Cut streets, where the flood depth can reach 30-40 cm and the duration of the flooding up to 12 to 18 hours. During the first public hearing meetings in the phuongs of the three districts, people complained about the flooding problems and the health and environmental consequences of the flooding. The odour of wastewater was striking in some of the phuongs without any rainfall. 5.3 Sanitation Facilities Septic Tanks During the last ten years sanitary conditions in Haiphong have improved considerably. Part of this improvement has been due to old houses being renovated and new houses built in the city. The typical toilet in the newly constructed or renovated buildings is the pour-flush or flush toilet with a septic tank. The estimated number of existing septic tanks is around 50,000. Septic tanks in Haiphong are underground structures with one, two or three chambers. Private septic tanks are generally sited directly underneath toilets and shared septic tanks just below ground in the back of block of flats. The tank is made of relatively watertight materials built with brick and cement and concrete. The tanks usually receive only wastewater from toilets and most of them have sewer connection. At the moment SADCo's septage management and desludging programme is demand based. However, it has been agreed that scheduled emptying of septic tanks will be established in Haiphong and the cost included in the wastewater charge. The improved septage management will help Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-project reach its targets: sustained improvements to public health (a reduction in the incidence of water-related and vector-borne diseases) and reduced pollution of drains, rivers and the sea. The plan for periodic emptying of septic tanks introduces SADCo's proposal for the implementation of the first circle of septic tank emptying program. Schedule of emptying, cost estimate, actions prior to and during the implementation, and April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1B Additional Project 29 background information are presented. The plan will be updated in the annual plans and elaborated in the monthly action plans. Transportation Team, instructed by Planning Department, will implement the septic tank emptying plan. Special feature in Haiphong is that houses are located along narrow alleys and traditional vacuum tanker solution cannot be used but alternative desludging methods and equipment have to be utilized. Table 5.1 Estimated number of septic tanks and septage volume in Haiphong 2005 Type of septic tank Number of septic Average size Total volume tanks Private 44 000 1.1 48 400 Shared (toilet) 2 700 4.0 10 800 Communal (state own houses) 1 000 15.0 15 000 Total 47 700 74 200 Septage treatment will be arranged to the Trang Cat disposal site including to the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project. Bucket Latrines Haiphong Water Supply and Sanitation Programme (HPWSSP) started replacement of bucket latrines with pour-flush toilets and septic tanks in 1995, and the programme is continuing. At the beginning of the programme there were about 14,000 bucket latrines in the three urban districts. The number of bucket latrines has reduced remarkably and for the time being there are only some hundreds left in the city centre. URENCo collects nightsoil from 200 bucket latrines. Approximate nightsoil generation is about 2 tons/day. Revolving Fund As a part of Water Supply, Drainage, Sewerage and Sanitation Management Programme in Haiphong (WSDSSMP) there is Revolving Fund to upgrade existing bucket latrines into pour-flush toilets with septic tanks. Money for construction will be loaned from a revolving fund and borrowers have to repay that along with interest. This sanitation improvement portion allocation is 1 Million USD. The loan will be given to each member of a credit group and the group as a whole will be responsible for each individual's loan. Each family will receive around 2 Million VND, the repayment time is two years and the interest rate is 0.5% per month. Around 6,500 loans, of which 5,800 sanitation loans and 700 income generation loans, have been disbursed at the end of 2003. Women's Union is responsible management organisation of revolving fund. 5.4 Wastewater Quality of Dong Quoc Binh Pumping Station For the needs to select wastewater treatment technology for Dong Quoc Binh area wastewater quality was studied in May 2001 from DQB pumping station, Cat Bi Lake and the Lach Tray River at Cat Bi tidal gate. In the samples taken from the DQB pumping station BOD5 varied from 204 to 360 mg/l and COD from 314 to April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 30 494 mg/I, see details in Table 5.2. Dilution capacity of the Lach Tray River is good enough to receive the wastewater. Table 5.2 Water Quality in Dong Quoc Binli Pumping Station, Cat Bi Lake and the Lacli Tray River at Cat Bi Tidal Gate in May 2001 Parameter DQB DQB DQB DQB DQB DQB Cat Bi Lach Tray TCVN pumping pumping pumping pumping pumping pumping lake river, Cat 5945- station station station station station station Bi gate 1995 9 am 11 am 2 pm 8:30 am 10:30 am 1:30 pm 9 am 9am 3.5.2001 3.5.2001 3.5.2001 8.5.2001 8.5.2001 8.5.2001 8.5.2001 8.5.2001 PH 6.8 7.0 7.1 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.6 6.9 5.5 - 9 BOD5 (mg 02/l) 268 284 204 360 307 344 320 36 50 COD (mg 02A) 438 496 314 498 416 448 480 53.6 100 Ammonium 42.9 46.8 48.7 56.2 59.3 81.1 7.8 1.2 (mg N/l) Total N (mg/l) 79.6 108 112 92.8 113 137 18.7 1.9 60 Total P (mg/I) 22.0 22.3 28.2 23.5 30.6 32.1 15.7 5.5 6 Sulphide (mg/I) 6.5 6.8 8.3 11.9 10.8 11.0 10.2 1.9 0.5 Suspended 323 335 298 492 467 413 648 145 100 solids (mg/1) Total coliform 230 000 240 000 160 000 260 000 280 000 240 000 290 000 2 400 10 000 (MPN/I100ml) Source: Ministry of Construction, Vietnam Consultants on Water Supply, Sanitation and Environment (VIWASE), May 2001 Note: Pumping station in operation 7:30 - 10:30 am and 4:00 - 19:00 pm 5.5 Wastewater Quality according to the Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City For the needs of the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City was conducted in 2000 Source-wise Unit Pollution Load Study, which major findings are presented in the following. The industrial wastewater standard, which was in valid during the study, has been used as reference. Domestic Source Samples were taken from multi-story and private houses. The pollution loads from the Multi-Story Apt.1 were consistently higher than the expected ranges (BOD 30- 50 g/c/d, SS 25-50 g/c/d) for unknown reason. The per capita pollution loads from Multi-Story Apt.2 and Private House were closer to the expected ranges considering the facts that these represented samples after treatment by septic tank or grey water only. Table 5.3 Calculated Unit Pollutioii Loads from Domestic Sources Name Wastewater BOD COD SS Remark I/c/d g/c/d g/c/d g/c/d Multi-Story Apt. 1 128 176 304 401 raw wastewater Multi-Story Apt. 2 90 30 62 24 after septic tank Private House 100 15 75 12 gray water only Commercial and Institutional Sources April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 31 The concentrations of pollutants were generally lower than the typical values, in part because the samples were taken after pre-treatment. Table 5.4 Average Concentrations of Pollutaiits from Commercial and Institutional Sources Name Wastewater BOD COD SS Remark m day mg/l mg/I mg/l Hotel (City) 300 62 155 99 after septic tank Residential Complex 48 63 106 68 after pretreatment Electricity Co. (office) 15 52 109 29 after septic tank Hotel (Do Son) 38 111 178 25 after septic tank Hospital 500 122 215 98 after pretreatment Typical in Japan* variable 120-5 10 - 60-240 raw wastewater * based on Japan Sewerage Association (1997) Industrial Sources It was noted that the effluent quality varied highly from factory to factory. Also it depended strongly on the operating condition of the factory. For example, the batch of raw materials processed at the seafood factory on the day of the sampling was somewhat smaller than usual because according to a factory operator the availability of the raw material was low. Samples from the seafood factory and the paper factory were taken after the pre-treatment. These specific factors had to be taken into account in order to interpret the results. Table 5.5 Average Conceiitrationis of Pollutants from Iiidustrial Sources Namne Wastewater BOD COD SS Remark m3/day mg/l mg/l mg/I _______ Seafood Factory 333 31 65 80 after pretreatment Paper Company 700 36 178 148 after pretreatment Enamel Factory 233 46 130 197 raw wastewater Brewery 500 772 895 194 raw wastewater Nutrient Levels The concentrations of nutrients are generally within the expected pollution load ranges. Table 5.6 Coiicentratioins of Nutrients Location NH4-N T-N T-P Remark mg/l mg/l mg/l Multi-Story Apt. 2 55.6 57.0 2.97 after septic tank Residential Complex 43.9 49.5 2.85 after pretreatment Seafood Factory 3.2 6.5 0.65 after pretreatment Hospital 23.4 34.5 0.84 after pretreatment Electricity Company 77.6 85.0 0.46 after septic tank Hotel (Do Son) 42.7 56.0 2.39 after septic tank April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 32 Toxic Substances Table 5.7 below summarizes the measured concentrations of selected heavy metals and other pollutants. Table 5.7 Conceiitrationis of Heavy Metals aiid Otlier Pollutaiits Pollutant Seafood Paper Enamel Viet Tiep TCVN 5945 Japanese CCompany ompany Factory Hospital -1995 Standard Mn (mg/I) 0.15 0.68 1.0 0.28 1 10 Fe (mg/l) 5.5 6.62 0.31 0.82 5 10 As (mg/I) 0.035 0.0021 0.0057 0.0058 0.1 0.1 Hg (mg/I) < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 0.005 0.005 Cd (mg/I) 0.0006 0.0003 0.007 0.0001 0.02 0.1 Total-Cr (mg/I) 0.0068 0.007 0.008 0.007 - 2 Cr (VI) (mg/l) 0.0028. 0.0025 0.0015 0.0024 0.1 0.5 Cu (mg/I) 0.0112 0.0276 0.032 0.0012 1 3 Cn (mg/l) 0.008 0.008 0.005 0.01 0.1 1 Pb (mg/1) 0.0093 0.023 0.004 0.0031 0.5 0.1 F (mg/l) 0.42 0.18 1.75 0.7 2 15 Cl (mg/l) 1595 301.32 23.412 65.08 - The concentrations of heavy metals and other pollutants were generally lower than the discharge standard, TCVN 5945-1995, at Seafood Company, Paper Company and Enamel Factory. The exceptions were iron and manganese, which were found at levels slightly higher than the TCVN 5945-1995. However, these substances are not as toxic as other heavy metals and they did meet the Japanese discharge standard. Hence, immediate health threat was not anticipated. 5.6 Wastewater Flow Projections according to Feasibility Study of lB Additional Project 5.6.1 Wastewater Flow Projections No data is available of the exact number of sewer connections in Haiphong. Currently WSCo collects wastewater fee from about 102,650 customers (connections), which means about 80 % of the house connections. WSCo estimates that the wastewater fee currently covers about 70 % of the population served by WSCo. The collection of the wastewater fee is applied only in the urban centre. For the wastewater projections it is assumed that 80 % of the total water consumption (domestic and non-domestic consumption) will finally end up to the sewers. The sewerage coverage is estimated to reach 100 % in the urban centre by 2020. The total specific wastewater flow is estimated to be 136 I/capita/day by 2020. Groundwater infiltration and unexpected surface water intrusion is taken into account when designing the capacity of the sewer system. Groundwater infiltration including unexpected surface water intrusion is assumed to be 10 % of the average dry weather wastewater flow. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project- Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 33 The following figure presents the projected water demand and wastewater flows in the urban centre (Hong Bang, Ngo Quyen and Le Chan districts and the adjacent rural communes). The population served in the urban centre is estimated to grow to 588,000 people by 2020 (492,000 people in 2010 and 545,000 in 2015). The population estimate is based on the Haiphong Water Supply and Environment Project, Stage 2A (Feasibility Study, December 2000). 140000 - 120000 - 100000 E 80000- 60000- 40000- 20000 - 0 I 2002 2010 2015 2020 Year - Avrage water production (m3/d) Awerage wastewater flow (m3/d) Figure 5.1 Projected Water Demaiid and Wastewater Flows in Haiphong Urban Centre in 2002 - 2020 (Source: Vietnam Three Cities - Sanitation Project, Haipliong Sub-Project Feasibility Study for Additional Works, April 2003) Construction of interceptor sewers does not increase the total amount of wastewater, because there are already sewers in the concerning areas. There will be only the change of the discharging points from lakes, ponds and channels to the main rivers, thus decreasing the pollution in the inner city area. In general Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project does not have very big impact on flow or water quality of recipient water bodies although the amount of effluent is increasing (Figure 5.1), because the dilution capacity of the recipient rivers is very good. It can be estimated that during rainy season the dilution capacity of the Cam River is 17,000:1 and dilution capacity of the Lach Tray River is 840:1. The ongoing effective construction of septic tanks through revolving fund managed by WSDSSP and Women's Union has positive impact on effluent quality. The increased effluent quality compensates the impact of increased effluent flow on recipient waters. It has been estimated that there will be about 47,000 septic tanks in Haiphong in 2005. In this phase the wastewater treatment done via septic tanks is considered to be enough to fulfil the standard class B TCVN 5942-1995, but more advanced wastewater treatment is proposed to be implemented in the future. Pollution loads to water bodies according to the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City are presented in Annex 4. In the proposed Sanitation master April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 34 Plan is proposed construction of two wastewater treatment plants. More detailed data is available in Final Report Main Report Volume 1: Sanitation Master Plan. 5.6.2 Dimensioning Basis of Interceptor Sewers The dimensioning of the interceptor sewers in this study is based on the estimated peak wastewater flow in 2020. The dimensioning principles are the same, which were used for the sewer design in the Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project, Haiphong Sub-Project (lB Project). The following principles are used for the dimensioning of the interceptor sewers in the proposed additional project components: - Specific wastewater flow 136 I/capita/day (= 0.8 x total water consumption) - Seepage water (infiltration): 10 % of the average wastewater flow - Daily peak flow coefficient: 1.3 - Hour peak flow coefficient: 1.5 The peak flow coefficients are based on the information received from the Haiphong Water Supply Company concerning the water demand variations in 2002. In 2002 the maximum daily water production in Haiphong was 1.3 times the average water production. The maximum hour demand was about 1.5 times the demand of an average hour. North-East Channel The total sewerage area of the North-East channel is about 340 hectares (excluding the An Bien and Mam Tom lakes) and the estimated population in the area is about 60,000 in the year 2020, which is the dimensioning year for the interceptor sewers. The projected average wastewater flow from the sewerage area is about 9,000 m3/d at the discharge point in 2020. In addition, the Mam Tom and Tien Nga pumping stations will be taken into account in the dimensioning. Dimensioning flows for interceptor sewers: - Estimated population in 2020: 60,200 inhabitants - Average wastewater flow in 2020 (including seepage water): 8,958 m3/d - Average flow 103.7 l/s, daily peak flow 132 I/s, hour peak flow 193.2 1/s - Additional flow from Mam Tom pumping station: 120 1/s (dimensioning flow) - Additional flow from Tien Nga pumping station: 27.3 I/s (dimensioning flow) South-West Channel The total sewerage area of the South-West Channel is about 228 hectares and the estimated population in the area is about 67,500 in the year 2020, which is the dimensioning year for the interceptor sewers. The projected average wastewater flow from the sewerage area is about 10,000 m3/d at the discharge point in 2020. Dimensioning flows for interceptor sewers: - Estimated population in 2020: 67,500 inhabitants - Average wastewater flow in 2020 (including seepage water): 10,038 m3/d - Average flow 116.2 l/s, daily peak flow 147.9 I/s, hour peak flow 216.5 I/s April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 35 Cat Bi Lake The total sewerage area of the Cat Bi lake is about 129 hectares and the estimated population in the area is about 40,000 in the year 2020, which is the dimensioning year for the interceptor sewers. The projected average wastewater flow from the sewerage area is about 5,900 m3/d at the discharge point in 2020. Dimensioning flows for interceptor sewers: - Estimated population in 2020: 40,000 inhabitants (including Cat Bi and Dong Quoc Binh phuongs) - Average wastewater flow in 2020 (including seepage water): 5,949 m3/d - Average flow 68.9 I/s, daily peak flow 87.6 I/s, hour peak flow 128.3 I/s - Additional flow from Dong Quoc Binh pumping station: 38.9 I/s (dimensioning flow) 5.6.3 Wastewater Treatment In the 1B project, the selected wastewater treatment method is wastewater treatment via septic tanks. Parallel to the implementation of the 1B project septic tank coverage will increase and the O&M improve. Sewage is discharged from the septic tanks into sewers and further on into the lakes, channels and the Cam River and the Lach Tray River, which flow directly to the sea. The existing regulation lakes have provided partial sewage treatment, but are heavily overloaded at present. Stabilisation ponds would be a suitable solution for wastewater treatment in the conditions of Haiphong. They would need only limited maintenance and do not require special operation skills, moreover the operation costs are very reasonable. The only disadvantage of stabilisation ponds is the high demand for land. To provide effective sewage treatment (reduction of bacteria and helminths) by a pond system, about 30 days retention time would be needed. This would lead to need for substantial land areas. The estimated need for land in the north-eastern catchment basin would be about 14 - 20 ha. In the south-western catchment basin the land area needed would be about 15 - 23 ha. The land available in the centre is needed for storm water regulation and on the other hand, wastewater treatment ponds in the centre of the city are not considered suitable from the environmental point of view. Advanced wastewater treatment, like activated sludge or other methods, will not be affordable for Haiphong in this stage. In addition to the high construction costs treatment would cause considerable operation costs and would require skilful operators. It is not considered realistic to implement large-scale wastewater treatment in this stage, due to the great volume of water and related high costs. Wastewater treatment alternatives have been studied in the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City (Nippon Koei, July 2001), and wastewater treatment is proposed to be implemented in the future. The construction of interceptor sewers, which is proposed as a part of the additional works for the lB Project, will enable the implementation of wastewater treatment in a later stage in the future. The proposed locations and discharge points of the interceptor sewers will support the implementation of centralised wastewater treatment in the future and are consistent with the Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 36 6 ALTERNATIVES OF THE PROJECT 6.1 Without Project Situation The without project alternative is to leave the project unimplemented. In that case the current environmental pollution will increase as follows: - If there will be no interceptor sewers, the untreated wastewater will flow as for the time being direct to the just rehabilitated channels and Cat Bi Lake; the environmental improvement gained by rehabilitation will not be sustainable; and the living conditions of the people living along rehabilitated channels will increase only partially. - However, no significant impact on the water quality of the Cam River and the Lach Tray River due to big flow, dilution capacity and tide of the recipient rivers - Phuong Luu Lake does not have any significant impact on drainage system, but it would have big recreational value in the area 6.2 Selection of Alternatives Interceptor Sewers and Pumping Stations Two alternatives were calculated concerning number of needed pumping stations and capacity for the North-East channel to prevent the need of too deep and unstable trench and to optimise the use of energy. Alternative with four pumping stations turned out to be the optimal selection. Three pumping stations are needed for South-West channel interceptor sewers. In the selection of location of discharging point of the interceptor sewers has to be considered the dilution capacity of recipient water body, the prevention of back flow of wastewater to channels, the location of tidal gates and boat traffic. Lake Construction Construction of the Phuong Luu regulation lake has been considered in the Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan and the concept has been further developed in the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City. The main objective for construction of the Phuong Luu Lake is to provide additional storage capacity during hide tide and storm conditions. In addition to the primary function, the Phuong Luu Lake will function as a recreational area. The operation of the Phuong Luu Lake and the impact on the existing lake and channel system has been calculated with a hydraulic simulation model in the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong and in Drainage and Sewerage Development Hydraulics Study. The hydraulic simulations include different flow and tide conditions. The most important planning criteria for construction of the Phuong Luu Lake include the surface area of the lake, which defines the storage capacity of the lake. As calculated in the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong, the total site area for Phuong Luu is 28 ha and the lake surface area about 23 ha. The maximum and minimum water levels for the lake design criteria are +2.7 m and +1.5 m, respectively. These design criteria are based on the Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 37 The area of the planned lake is mainly flat agricultural area, with a ground level of about +2.8 - +3.1 m. There are some aquaculture and fish ponds as well as graveyards in the area. Electricity lines and some ditches and irrigation channels cross the site. A new road from Haiphong city centre to the Cat Bi airport is under construction on the western side of the proposed lake, and new housing and roads are planned in the vicinity of the area. The Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong has studied four alternative layouts for the lake. The issues affecting the location and layout of the lake include: location of electricity lines in the site area, location of the new Cat Bi road (currently under construction), relocation of graveyards, and possibilities to connect the lake to the An Kim Hai channel. The selected alternative is located on the eastern side of the electricity lines. The location of the lake is based on Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Master Plan. Land is available at the proposed location in the Dong Khe phuong as the area consists mostly of agricultural land. The Haiphong Planning Institute has determined the final location of the proposed lake (Annex 1). The new lake is proposed to be connected to the North-East channel and to the rehabilitated An Kim Hai channel. In the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong, different alternatives were compared for connecting the lake to the existing channels. An open channel was proposed for connecting the Phuong Luu Lake to the North-East channel, and a closed conduit connection to the An Kim Hai channel. It is proposed that a new office building will be constructed in the vicinity of the Phuong Luu Lake. Currently SADCo's office space is limited and more space would be needed for SADCo's Project Management Unit and for the Construction Management Consultant. After completion of the lB Project the office will remain for the use of SADCo's operation and maintenance units. Lake Rehabilitation Prior to lake improvements the sewage discharge has to be reduced. Therefore, interceptor sewers will be constructed around the lakes to prevent the wastewater discharge. It was decided during the Feasibility Study Phase of the original Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project with the city authorities that the interceptor sewers are essential to improve the condition of the most heavily polluted lakes. One option is to leave the polluted sediments in the lakes in situ and possibly cover them with for example with sand or clay to separate the polluted sediment from the lake water and improve the water circulation in the lakes, etc. Another option is to treat the sediment with chemicals. However, this option is considered too costly and there is not enough data of the long-term success of this kind of lake renovation methods in Vietnamese environmental conditions. The rehabilitation of Cat Bi Lakes will improve the environmental and hygienic conditions of the lake and decrease the smell. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 38 Dredging Methods The dredging method to be used depends on the quality of the sediment, the accessibility to the dredging site and the stability of the lake embankment. In general, the dredging along lake banks in densely populated urban areas is very difficult. The method to be used must therefore be selected very carefully to allow access to the site, but at the same time be efficient. The access to the lake must also be prepared, which will in places include construction of maintenance and access roads. The water content of the sludge is high and it will increase during the dredging operation. The content of solids in the sludge is very low between 10 to 20 %. If suction method is used, the content of solids can be about 10 %. The sludge must be de-watered before transportation to the disposal site. There will be a need of temporary storage for sludge drying before transportation. Options for sludge drying are loading on the lake bank (less preferable due to environmental and health risks), sludge lagoons or to use covered skips lined with geotextile. The skips could be transported to the disposal site after drying. If suction dredger is used, the sludge disposal site should locate close to the dredging area to avoid booster pumping. During dredging works, there will be a strong odour nuisance to the public as long as the dredging works will take place. The nuisance is of local character. The dredging works will be carried out during dry season when the nuisance of odour will be minimised comparing to rainy seasons when also the sewers are flushed and the odour level is extremely high. It is extremely important to inform the local people in advance about public nuisances during the rehabilitation works. After clean-up measures of the sewers, channels and lakes, the air quality is expected to improve considerably due to sewage removal Dry dredging is recommended for the environmental and hygienic reasons. Due to the big demand of land, double handling of sludge and possible foul odour during drying of sludge, it is proposed that lakes are de-watered before dredging and dredged material transported directly to the treatment site. A April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 39 7 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS 7.1 General Impacts All kind of construction works as well as activities related to these, will lead to certain cause (activity) and impacts on the environment. In this ETA-study will be analysed and specified both the negative and positive environmental impacts on the physical, biological and human environment caused by the rehabilitation and construction of sewerage and drainage system. The environmental impact assessment adopts a concise format, where the linkages between environmental issues (or potential impacts), management measures (or mitigation), net effects (or residual impacts) and management information (or monitoring) are made explicitly. A comprehensive summary of these factors and their linkages is presented as tables in Annex 5. These tables provide the basis to develop and implement a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) dealing with all phases of the project. The main impacts in the proposed project area will mainly affect the human and aquatic environment, in lesser amount the atmospheric and terrestrial environment. The atmospheric and terrestrial impacts are mainly temporary during construction, rehabilitation and O&M works and therefore of short duration. The improvement of urban sanitation, which is currently badly hampered by frequent flooding, towards a clean and healthy environment for the population of Haiphong city is essential. The overall impact of the on going project and the proposed additional works is positive and it is an important step in improvement of sanitation in Haiphong. This lB Additional Project includes additional works to the first sanitation project aiming at the rehabilitation and improvement of the existing sewerage and drainage system of the city. Improvement of the wastewater collection and prevention of flooding will improve considerably the living and environmental conditions in the City area. However, untreated wastewater will partly still flow in the open channels, which cross the residential areas. The discharge of untreated wastewater to the rivers will continue the contamination of the river water. The negative impacts of untreated wastewater are mainly concentrated in the city area. However, the concentrations of contaminants will be downstream diluted by the seawater, which enters to the river during high tides. In the next phase the treatment of wastewater should be considered, once the rehabilitation works of the sewerage and drainage system have been carried out. The water use will increase in the city (new water connections, more household facilities, conversion from bucket latrines to flush toilets, etc.), which will increase wastewater amounts. This shall be taken into account in the designs and in dimensioning the improvements in flood prevention. The installation and regular de-sludging of septic tanks connected to sewers will improve the wastewater quality. The cause and effect relationship of different activities are discussed below in detail according to the project components. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 40 7.2 Impacts of the Components of 1B Additional Project 7.2.1 Construction of Interceptor Sewers and Pumping Stations along the Channels For the time being to and through the North-East channel is discharged a big amount of untreated wastewater to the Cam River and to and through the South- West channel to the Lach Tray River. Construction of interceptor sewers to the both side of the channels will minimise the direct discharge of untreated wastewater to the channels and hence reduces the deterioration of water and sediment quality in the channels, but does not increase the total amount of wastewater, because already now all the related areas are connected to the sewer network or discharge directly to channels. Reconnection of numerous existing sewers will increase the hygienic and aesthetic conditions along the channel. The stinking odour of wastewater will be also decreased. The quality of wastewater to be collected and discharged through interceptor sewers to the rivers will be improved in the near future when more and more septic tanks will be constructed with the help of revolving fund and private financing. According to the surveys the impact of discharged wastewater on the river water quality is not significant due to the high dilution capacity. It can be estimated that during rainy season the dilution capacity of the Cam River is 17,000:1 and dilution capacity of the Lach Tray River is 840:1. In particular, the impact on the Cam River is negligible, because the Cam River has sufficiently big flow, Qrnax = 5,215 m3/s, compared to the sewage volume of the interceptor system, with the estimated peak flow of 0.3 m3/s in 2020. Although the flow is smaller in the Lach Tray River, Qmax = 252 m3/s, even there the impact is small and even there the limits of class B TCVN 5942-1995 can be reached. The ongoing effective construction of septic tanks through revolving fund managed by WSDSSP and Women's Union has positive impact on effluent quality. The increased effluent quality compensates the impact of increased effluent flow on recipient waters. It has been estimated that there will be about 47,000 septic tanks in Haiphong in 2005. In this phase the wastewater treatment done via septic tanks is considered to be enough to fulfil the standard class B TCVN 5942-1995, but more advanced wastewater treatment is proposed to be implemented in the future. The water level in the channels will be high enough also after intercepting wastewater due to operation of tidal gates. Besides that the annual mean surplus between precipitation and evaporation is positive and it not possible to stop all surface runoff to the channel. Discharging points have been designed taking into consideration the boat traffic in the Cam River and the Lach Tray River. 7.2.2 Construction of Phuong Luu Lake The area of the planned Phuong Luu regulation lake is mainly flat vegetable and paddy fields. There are some aquaculture and fishing ponds and graveyards in the area. Power lines and a telephone line as well as some ditches and irrigation channels cross the site in the middle. In the north the area borders the Northeast channel and in the south Highway No 5. At western and eastern sides there are residential areas. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 41 The construction of Phuong Luu Lake provides system improvements for storms of high intensity (5 year ARI, average-recurrence-interval, and greater), high tide conditions, and water levels regulated at minimum levels. These are conditions, where the additional storage capacity of the lake is most effective. System improvements for storms of less intensity and low tide conditions are not as significant. If urban development continues in the North-East Channel drainage basin, which is expected, then more rainfall runoff will occur. The increased amounts of rainfall runoff will require additional storage capacity in the system, which would be provided by the new lake. The marginal benefits from an improved urban environment, provided by the additional recreational value of the new lake, can be greater than the marginal costs. Excavation of lake will possibly break the geological structure and contamination of the upper aquifer is possible, if mitigation measures are not followed. The thickness of topsoil layer varies from 0.1 to 0.7 metres. Groundwater table was observed during the geotechnical investigations at the depth of 0.3 - 0.4 metres and the excavation of the lake and channel will require dewatering. The construction will affect the use of upper aquifer and the use of water from shallow wells for cooking and drinking during construction is not recommended. However, currently many households in the area use water from 30 - 40 m deep wells, which will not be disturbed due to the construction. The amount of excavated earth during the construction of the Phuong Luu Lake and outlet channel is estimated to be about 510,000 m3. The earth under the topsoil consists mainly of silts and there is no need for treatment of the earth or for any special disposal arrangements. The earth can be used as backfilling material and on the proposed area there is enough place for the all excavated earth. SADCo has made arrangements with a developer of industrial areas for the tipping of the excavated earth on a 45 ha plot located between the old and new main roads to Do Son in Tan Thanh Commune, Kien Thuy rural district and Ngoc Xuyen Phuong in Do Son town about 15 km from the City. The location of this tip ("Do Son 96") is shown on Annex 1. The development of the site as a proposed industrial area was started in mid 1990's, the works implemented during that time include some general back fill and partial fencing of the site. Since late 1990's tip area has been used mainly for aquaculture. There are some temporary houses or huts within the tip site. According to the available information Haiphong Export Processing Zone Joint Venture Co. plan to develop the tip site as part of Haiphong '96 Export Processing Zone. In accordance with HPPC's decision No. 3697QD-UB dated 08.02.2002 the future investors will be supported partially for the site levelling costs. It is proposed that in particular case the support should be in kind instead of monetary contribution. The tip sites are already existing sites for this kind of land use and will not cause significant long-term environmental impacts on the surrounding areas. However, transportation of excavated earth will cause temporary serious nuisance along the transportation routes by increasing dust, noise and possibility of traffic accidents, although most of the transportation can be done via the main streets. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 42 The permanent environmental impact is the change of land use from agricultural land to lake and recreational area. However, the area is in the vicinity of Highway No 5, new road to Cat Bi airport and development area, and in the long run the land use change in inevitable. The location of the Phuong Luu Lake has been selected so that the need of relocation of graveyard is minimised. However, removal some existing tombs might disturb spiritual feelings of people and needs attention from local authorities. 7.2.3 Rehabilitation of Cat Bi Lake and Construction of Interceptor Sewer For the time being wastewater from Dong Quoc Binh pumping station and from Cat Bi area is discharged through Cat Bi Lake and tidal gate into the Lach Tray River. Population of Cat Bi area has increased and the area has developed remarkably in the recent years. All of this has increased pollution of Cat Bi Lake, which has caused public nuisances and health hazards (low hygienic level, odour, mosquito swarms, contaminated aquatic plants and fishes, inaesthetic view, etc.). After construction of interceptor sewer wastewater will bypass the lake and decrease significantly the pollution load into the small lake. Due to the limited storage capacity and bad condition of the small lakes, dredging has been considered as one major efficient method together with other improvements (improvement of water tumnover, etc.) to improve the volume for temporary storing of storm water during heavy rain and to improve the overall environmental condition of the lakes. The Contractor shall dredge the Cat Bi Lake as dry excavation. The amount of the dredging and disposal is about 46,000 m3 sludge and earth, of which half is estimated to be sludge and half earth. The works shall be carried out during the dry season, October - April. The Contractor shall transport and dispose all excavated sludge, about 20,000 m3, to Employer's Trang Cat composting facility for the Employer's dewatering and treatment operations. At already existing Trang Cat composting facility constructed for the needs of Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project there is enough place and facilities to dispose this amount of sludge. The excavated earth will be transported to SADCo's Trang Cat composting yard and stockpiled for future use in Trang Cat area. The excavated earth is not contaminated and can be used as cover material at Trang Cat area without any treatment. Transportation of the sludge from the Cat Bi Lake to Trang Cat will cause temporary nuisance along the transportation routes by increasing dust, noise and possibility of traffic accidents, although most of the transportation can be done via the main street. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 43 7.2.4 Impacts during Operation Operation of interceptor sewers will improve the water and sediment quality in the North-East and South-West channels, and hence improve the health situation on the area. Due to the strong tidal effect the dilution capacity in the discharging point of North-East channel into the Cam River at May Den and South-West channel into the Lach Tray River at Vinh Niem is so good that in practice there will no deterioration of water and sediment quality of recipient water bodies. The construction of Phuong Luu Lake and the rehabilitation of Cat Bi Lake will increase the reservoir capacity of the drainage system and hence reduce floods. Phuong Luu Lake will also improve aesthetic value of the area, which will be used also as recreational area. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 44 PART 2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 45 8 MITIGATION MEASURES 8.1 General The main mitigative measures are summarised below according to measures during the design, rehabilitation and operation phases. The mitigative measures, which are outlined in this EIA, will be further developed in a separate Bidding Document Volume 5 Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of each contract. A project's EMP consists of mitigation, monitoring, and institutional measures to be taken during implementation and operation to eliminate adverse environmental and social impacts, offset them or reduce them to acceptable levels. The plan also includes the actions needed to implement these measures. The EMP provides details on proposed work programme and schedules. The EMP helps to ensure that the proposed environmental actions are in phase with the design and construction work. After discussing and agreeing with the project design engineers, the recommendations will be translated into a simple, practical and action oriented EMP. The EMP identifies feasible and cost-effective measures that may reduce potentially significant adverse environmental impact to acceptable levels. The EMP also includes monitoring and reporting procedures to ensure early detection of necessary mitigation measures and the progress of these. The EMP estimates any potential environmental impact of the above-mentioned measures. Moreover, the EMP provides linkage with any other mitigation plans required for the project (e.g. involuntary resettlement). The EMP covers also the Occupational Health and Safety issues. Costs for all environmentally related mitigation have been developed and included in the EMP report. Moreover, the plan also includes compensatory measures if the proposed mitigative measures are not feasible or cost-effective. The EMP addresses institutional issues. The main focus is on how to strengthen SADCO so that it not only can run the system in an environmentally sound manner, but also helps in building up community awareness and participation. For the mitigation, monitoring and capacity development the EMP provides an implementation schedule for the measures and the capital and recurrent cost estimates and sources of funds for implementing the EMP. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 46 8.2 Mitigation Measures during Detailed Design 8.2.1 Generic Design Instructions Environmental matters shall be integrated in all the design work and planning of the project. The designing shall be done by minimising the adverse impacts on environment using as much as possible existing facilities and selecting the location of new facilities in areas where the disturbance to environment, people and existing structures is the smallest. Where possible existing rights-of-way should be used rather than create new ones. According to the Vietnamese Construction Regulation Standard Article 3.3 Protection of Natural Resources and Environment construction projects should: - Not cause adverse effect to environment, and technical regulations on scenery and environment protection should be observed - Protect the natural preservation areas, and historical, cultural and architectural places - Extracting natural resource must ensure the rationality and cause no obstacle to the next exploitation - Respect traditional customs, practices, religions of people living in and around the construction area. In Construction Regulation Standard there are instructions especially for master plan including general instructions for designing sewerage and drainage system. Urban drainage system should be assured: - To discharge all types of urban waste water - To have suitable solution for treating wastewater so that the urban area is not flooded, and environment and water sources are not polluted In Standard Branch Sewerage and Drainage System and Works, Standard Designs there are more detailed design instructions. However, also international design standards shall be applied and used in design work. 8.2.2 Interceptor Sewer and Pumping Stations Design Instructions To prevent the possibility of contamination water supply system a special attention shall be paid to the crossing of water pipes and collectors and other sewers. It is not allowed to install water pipes going through the sewer manholes or box culverts. If possible the sewers should be designed in the lower level than water pipelines. Discharging points of the collectors shall be selected so that the dilution will be maximised and the back flow of wastewater to channels shall be prevented. The discharging points shall have adequate distance from the tidal gates. However, the impact of busy boat traffic shall be considered, too. Synergy of the impacts of tide, flow of the river and flow from interceptor sewer shall be considered and erosion has to be minimised. One possibility would be to discharge the sewage from interceptor sewer along the North-East channel at first to the existing small pond next to the pier and grow in there durable species of mangrove. Screening of the wastewater will be done in pumping stations and there April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 47 will be no garbage to be stuck to mangroves. Discharging through the pond would be not only as biological treatment system but also prevent erosion and abrasion of pier structures. However, according to the decision of the Haiphong People's Committee the construction of primary settling lagoon with mangroves is not included in the scope of work of Contract HPSANP-C1D. 8.2.3 Lake Construction and Dredging Excavation of the Phuong Luu regulating lake will most probably break the geological structure and contamination of the upper aquifer is possible without mitigation measures. Special attention shall be paid to prevent contamination of groundwater by oil, petrol and lubricants and the like during the construction works. Transportation of excavated material shall be arranged in the proper way. Loads shall be covered properly to avoid spills and dust. The eartlh under the topsoil consists mainly of silts and there is no need for treatment of the earth or for any special disposal arrangemenits. The earth can be used as backfilling material and on the proposed area there is enough place for the all excavated earth. During the excavation of the Cat Bi Lake has to be prevented the release of heavy metals and possible organic micro-pollutants and loose sediments to surrounding areas shall be prevented. The dredging works shall be car-ied out during the dry season. The works shall be done as dry excavation. Because there are no rar-e or valuable species of animals or plants in the lakes, at least the small lakes can be drained completely. This will decrease the need of de-watering of dredged material and decrease the need of transportation. The excavated sludge and other possibly contaminated material shall be transported to SADCo's Trang Cat composting facility for further treatment and disposal. At already existing Trang Cat composting facility constructed for the needs of Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project there is enough place and facilities to dispose this amount of sludge. The excavated earth will be transported to SADCo's Trang Cat composting yard and stockpiled for future use in Trang Cat area. The excavated earth is not contaminated and can be used as cover material at Trang Cat area without any treatment. 8.3 -Mitigation Measures during Construction Works All works including to the project have to be implemented following the appropriate standards, specifications and working methods given in the Contract Document. The following table covers the main subjects, which need mitigation measures during the construction phase. Table 8.1 Mitigatioii Measures during Construction Impact Mitigation Measures Noise, Odour, - The maximum permitted noise level is given in the Vietnamese standard TCVN Litter and 5949-1998. The strongest limitations are fiom 10 pm to 6 am in the vicinity of Dust hospitals, libraries and kindergartens where maximum noise level is 40 dB - Air quality and dust emissions are mitigated tlhrough dust suppression measures compliance with TCVN 5937-1995 - To minimise the odour nuisance especially the dredging works shall be carried out during dry season. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for I R Additional Project 48 - Appropriate equipment shall to be used to prevent overloading of trucks. Accidental spills, sludge, oils and lubricants from equipment etc. shall to be absorbed and collected immediately. - In the construction site dust, litter and public inconvenience shall to be minimised by good construction management and site supervision. It is recommended to sprinkle the street in the vicinity of construction sites to minimise dust. - Solid and liquid wastes should be collected to transfer stations established to the construction sites and transported to the landfill. - Waste and disposal of excavated mater-ial are disposed at the sites, whichl are agreed with URENCO and Halong Construction Company Health and - The Contractor is responsible to provide appropriate equipment, tools and protective Safety clothing to the workers and ensure that appropriate working methods are applied. - During dredging and transpor-tationi of dredged material the Contr-actol- shall follow strictly safety and health regulations. The dredging shall be organised so that the need to go to the water is miniiimised. Special attentioni shall be paid to avoid the direct contact with sludge. The Contractor shall provide protective clothing includilng at least overall, Wellington boots and gloves. - A possibility to proper washing with clean water shall be arranged during and after the working. Clean water and first aid kit shall be available to wash and treat the possible cuts and wounds. - The Contractor shall follow the safety and health regulations during the use of selected earth stabilisation method in the foundation works. Proper protection againgst possible dust shall be provided to the workers. Traffic and - All works shall carried out so that not to interfere unnecessarily the public and Transportation prevent the access to use public or private roads and footpaths to or of properties. Arrangements - The Contractor shall select transportation routes, choose vehicles and distribute loads so that the transportation from and to the site shall be limited as far as reasonably possible. - The Contractor shall use every reasonable means to prevent any of the roads and bridges from being damaged by the works. Transportation - The nuisance caused by transportation of 510,000 m3 excavated earth from the of Excavated Phuong Luu Lake to "Do Son 96" tip site and 46,000 m3 material from the Cat Bi and Dredged Lake, of which about half is dredged sludge and half excavated earth, to Trang Cat Earth and, treatment and composting site shall be minimised by arranging transportationi and Sludge construction on busy main streets only outside rush hours and in narrow streets in residential areas only during the day. The tranisportatiotn shall be avoided between 10 pm and 6 am and is allowed only onl the request of traffic police. - Careful planning of dredging, excavation, construction and transportation schedules, and planning and selection of routes, as well as choice of transportation vehicles will minimise dust. Loads shall be covered tightly to minimise spread of dust and preventing dropping of material from the loads to the roads. Do Son 96 - The excavated earth from new Phuong Luu Lake is mainly silt and there is no need Tip site treatment of the earth nor any special disposal arrangements, the earth can be used as backfilling material - During the performanice of his works the Contractor shall trim and level the tip site as required for his works and shall maintain his internal access roads within the boundaries of the tip. The contractor is not required to carry out other compaction of the tipped earth than needed for the internal roads. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 49 Trang Cat - The dredged sludge, about 20.000 m3, from the Cat Bi Lake shall be disposed at composting Trang Cat composting facility in the same way than the other dredged material in facility Vietnan: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project. The non- contaminated excavated material, about 20,000 mi, from the Cat Bi Lake shall be stockpiled for the futul-e use at the Tranig Cat area. Ther-e is no need for treatment of this earth. Working - In all construction works local working time and site arrangements and instructions Time and Site concerning site clearance, fencing, watchinlg and lighting, working at night etc. given Arrangements in Contract Documents shall be followed up. Public - The district PMU shall announice the construction works and new traffic Relations arrangements during constructions works to the public regionally in newspapers, TV and radio. Locally the announcemenit is given to the ward representatives who will inform the residents. Loudspeakers can be used during the construction works to give the latest informationi in concer-ning areas. 8.4 Mitigation Measures during Operation and Maintenance - regular inspection of the condition of sewerage and drainage system - prevent solid waste disposal into the channels and lakes - prevent illegal housing in the lake and channel embankments - regular monitoring of wastewater and surface water quality (lakes, discharge points) shall be standard operating practices of SADCo and DONRE - - meet operational and safety standards 8.5 Summary of Mitigation Measures Table 8.2 Summary of Mitigatioin Measures Phase Main mitigationi meastires Responsible organisatioi Design - International and Vietnamese design criteria and Design standards to be used Consultant - Interceptor sewers and lakes designed so that need for Design resettlement is minimised Consultant - Works designed to implemented during dry season Construction - Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions Contractor by good operation managemenit and site supervision - Appropriate working methods shall be followed Contractor- - Sites shall be kept clean and safe during and after the Contractor work - Safety and healtlh regulationis shall be strictly followed Contr-actor - Protective clothinlg and operational training for workers is Contractor essential - Transportation shall be minimised and routes selected to Contractor avoid public nuisance - Transportation during rush hours and night shall be Contractor avoided - Tight and proper equipment to transport sludge shall be Contractor used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisances - Construction sites and time shall be informed to the local Contractor people in advance April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 50 O&M - Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions SADCo by good operation management and site supervision - Appropriate working methods shall be adopted and SADCo followed SADCo - Sites shall be kept clean and safe during and after the work SADCo - Safety and health regulations shall be strictly followed SADCo - Protective clothinig and operational training for workers is essential SADCo - Transpor-tationl shall be minimnised and routes selected to avoid public nuisanice SADCo - Transportationi durinig rush hours and nights shall be avoided SADCo - Tight and proper equipment to transport sludge shall be used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisanices April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 51 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND REPORTING 9.1 Generic Environmental Monitoring during Construction and Operation Generic Environmental monitoring will be done during construction in three levels; namely as monitoring of development of project performance indicators done by PMU; monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractor; and overall regulatory monitoring of the project done by DONRE. Proiect Performance Indicators The PMU will prepare to the WB semi-annual report, which includes among other things reporting of the pi-ogress of the project also environmental project performance indicators, which are the same than in the original Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project. Project performance indicators are as follows: - Water and sediment quality data - Flooding data - Groundwater level - Health indicators - Household sanitation improvements Monitoring of Implementation of Mitigation Measures Monitoring duties of the Contractor are specified in the Contract Documents and are related to the impacts during construction. Monitoring during the construction shall concentrate on safety aspects. Special attention shall be paid to the protection of excavations, open manholes and cleaning of the streets. During the sewer cleaning the Contractor shall utilise gas detectors when opening and entering to manholes. The Contractor shall measure noise at the construction sites. The Contractor prepares monthly repor-ts, which PMU compiles to quarterly reports to the WB. The Contractor monitors the implementation of the main mitigation measures listed below i.e. the quantity of dredged and transported material, number of loads, type of transportation, measures to keep streets clean, fencing etc. The quarterly reports include the flowing: - List of priority identified in last quarterly monitoring report - List of progress, which the Contractor has made to solve the problems - List of issues, which have not been adequately resolved and give recommendations how to solve the problems and explain force majeure All reporting of 1B Additional Project will be done through 1B main project including Semi-Annual Progress Report to WB, monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures done by the Contractors and all other relevant reports already in use. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 52 Main mitigation measures during constructioni Responsible organisatioll - Minimise dust, odour, litter, noise and traffic emissions by good operation Contractor management and site supervision - Appropriate working methods have to be followed Contractor - Sites have to be kept clean and safe during and after the work Contractor - Safety and health regulations has to be strictly followed Contractor - Transportation has to be minimised and routes selected to avoid public Contractor nuisance - Transportation during ruslh hours and night has to be avoided Contractor - Tight and proper equipment to trainspor-t sediment and garbage has to be Contractor used to avoid accidental spills and odour nuisances - Construction sites and time has to be informed to the local people in PMU advance Overall Regulatory Monitoring DONRE is monitoring that Vietnamese environmental regulations are followed during the construction. During the operation SADCo, to wlhom the facilities have been handed over, continue related water and sediment quality monitoring reporting to the WB. Copies of monitoring reports will be sent to DONRE, which has the overall responsibility of the regulatory environmental monitoring. The monitoring for the sanitation project is mainly based on the environmental standards of Vietnam (1995, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001). There are no specific standards for the contamination of soil, except the limits for maximum concentration of pesticides and fertilisers. Water and sediment analyses should be carried out in experienced and authorised laboratories. 9.2 Updated Present Monitoring Into SADCO has been established Environmental Monitoring System in November 2001 to monitor impacts of Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project. The Environmental Monitoring System includes the following performance indicators: water and sediment quality data; flooding data; monitoring of groundwater level; health indicators; and household sanitation improvements The responsibilities have been agreed with PMU and SADCO. SADCO is in charge of sampling and analysing and collected data is entered in the PMU's computer and filed in environmental archive. Summary of the monitoring programme of the whole Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project including monitoring of the end product of composting at Trang Cat disposal site is presented in Table 9.1. Water and sediment samples are taken from North-East channel system from five points and from South-West channel system from five points twice per year starting from November 2001 (Annex 2). April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 53 Table 9.1 Summary of Monitoring Programmes of Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Type of. Number of Frequency / Pliase Needed Responsible monitorinig samples equipmenit organisation supply Safety during Lot During the work / Contractor construction Construction Safety during Lot During the work / Gas detector SADCO operation operation Decibel meter Lakes and 4 in lakes 2 / year SADCO / Hired channels 6 in channels operation laboratory End product of I from end 2/ year SADCO / Hired coinposting in product operation laboratory Trang Cat Leachate in I from pond I / month SADCO / Hired Trang Cat I effluent operation. laboratory Groundwater in Borehole 2 / year SADCO / Hired Trang Cat operation laboratory Hydrological Lot I / day during dry Water level SADCO Monitoring season / operation gauges 1 / hour during rainy season / ____ ____ ___ __ _ ___ ____ ___ o p eratio n_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Flooding indicators are as follows: rainfall, tide, level of floodwater and water level in lakes and channels in the including to the project area. Planning department of SADCO is measuring flood depth and time from 20 locations in Hong Bang district, 14 locations in Ngo Quyen district and 8 locations in Le Chan district. Hydrological monitoring includes water level measurements at totally eleven points of which seven are in North-East Channel system and four in South-West Channel system. There are already now water level gauge boards at all tidal gates and it has been agreed that WSDSSMP will install the water level gauges to the proposed locations along lakes and channels. The installation time schedule depends on the construction of LB Project and other lake improvement projects. Groundwater level monitoring will be done according to the need before and during construction of big sewers. No groundwater level monitoring is needed for the Additional Project. Health indicators: SADCO PMU is collecting basic disease data fiom six phuongs. More detailed health indicator survey was done according to the WSDSSMP Workplan 2003. Household sanitation improvements: Sanitation conditions have been surveyed in five phuongs. Women's Union will update the results annually. 9.3 Water and Sediment Monitoring of 1B Additional Project Totally three new water and sediment monitoring points should be added to the present environmental monitoring programme of SADCo: 1) at May Den for the April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 54 Cam River and 2) Phuong Luu Lake and 3) Cat Bi Lake. There is already a sampling point at Vinh Niem for the Lach Tray River. Samples will be taken twice per year and due to the possible industrial contamination and lack of old data parameters to be analysed at May Den are the same as from channels and lakes already including to the present monitoring programme There is no need to analyse heavy metals from the sediments of Phuong Luu Lake and Cat Bi Lake. Table 9.2 Analytical Parameters of Water and Sediment Monitoring in Sampling Points of Additional Project Water analyses Sediment analyses Heavy nmetals front sedimnemit May Den, Plhuong Luu May Den, Phuong May Den Lake, Cat Bi Lake Luu Lake, Cat Bi Lake Temperature Moisture content Arsenic pH Volatile solids Cadmium Conductivity Total solids Total Cihromium Turbidity Density Mercury BOD5 Total Nitrogen Lead COD Total Phosplhorus Zinc Total Nitrogen Sulphate (SO42- Total Phosphorus Suilphate (SO42) Oil Faecal coliform April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 55 10 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING 10.1 Overall Environmental Management Organisation responsible for Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project is Haiphong Sewerage and Drainage Company (SADCo). SADCo as the statutory provider of the sector services in Haiphong will be implementing agency of the Haiphong Sub-Project, advised and supervised by Haiphong People's Committee (HPPC). For practical day-to-day work of this Project SADCo has set up a Project Management Unit (PMU). Management Team has been established to take the matters to the Steering Committee and Supel-visory Board to decide. The issues discussed in the Management Team meetings should include the following: design situation; progress of the works; payment situation; work permits; and connections to the owners of the utilities, like water, power, telecommunication etc. SADCo will be the Employer, on whose behalf PMU will monitor and control the contractor and suppliers and efficiency and adequacy of the work of the Engineer. SADCo shall pay attention to protection of environment and implement EMP during construction. SADCo shall observe and follow resettlement rules and pay resettlement compensations. Technical assistance will be used to improve management systems. HPPC's role will be advisory and HPPC will supervise that agreed procedures are followed. Figure 10.1 Eiivironniiieiital Imnplemdentation Organisation p( Haiplhong People's Committee |DONRE2 l TPW 1 Assista[ > s ~~Haipliong Sewevrage anid Dr-ainage > 4 ~~~Company (SADCo) 1 Management 0. i-Poject Maniagemeiit Unit Team Pr-oject Manager| Construction Management Consultants (Engineer) (Foreign Experts) (Local Experts) Contractors Suppliers Apnil 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 56 In order to ensure compliance with national policies, strategies and regulations Ministry of Planning and Department (MPI), Ministry of Construction (MOC) and Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE) are expected to participate in controllinlg the project implementation by sending their repr-esenitatives for periodic evaluation missions. The local Departmenit of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) is responsible for setting technical standards, for promotion of new environmentally sound production technologies and for monitoring of compliance with environmental regulations. The Haiphong Hygiene and Epidemiology Institute monitors the quality of water in rivers and lakes. Several city organisations e.g. City Planning Committee, Investment and Development Department, Constrctioll Service, Transpor-tation and Public Works Service, Electrical Service, Departmenit of Science, Technology and Environment, Land Management Service and Haiphong Water Supply Company have a critical role as issuers of various permits needed for the execution works. The post office, railway and the Army will issue the permits related to their- utilities and participate in the field supervisioni of the works. PMU shall keep close relations with these organisations in order to avoid any delays in receiving appropriate permits. Street excavation, dust, noise cuts in services etc. will cause nuisance to the population. PMU shall be responsible for ensurinlg that the contractors follow exactly the environmental mitigation measures specified in the Environmental Management Plan and in the bidding documents for minimisiiig nuisan1ces to public. PMU shall also take care of adequate public informationi concer-ning the project objectives and progress of the works. SADCo should work closely with phuong authol-ities to promote community participation in the planning, management and operation of investments. The population shall be educated to understand the problems of sanitatioln and their- role in overcoming the problems like regular de-sludging of septic tanks, regular cleaning and maintenance of the network, proper in-house plumping and connection to the sewer system, and conservation of assets like manhole covers and lane paving. Technical assistance thlough Water Supply, Drainage and Sewerage and Sanitation Management Progr-amme in Haiphong comprises institutional strengthening of SADCo including development of the organisationi, relevant studies, human resources development and institution,al support for commercialisation. Along witlh the implementation of the 1B Project the need for communication with the public and the need for the informnation sharing have considerably increased. For that purpose SADCo would need a permanenit Information Officer in chalge of public relations and community participation. One engineer of PMU has been in char-ge of environmental monitoring of IB Project from 2001. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 57 10.2 Training The requirements for training included in Contract HPSANP-CID are set out in the General Technical Specifications as follows: The training of the Employer's staff of the facilities to be installed shall be performed by the Contractor during the erection, commissioning and testing of the facilities. The training shall be divided into two different level groups and into practical and theor-etical training periods. The training programmes shall be submitted for the approval of the Engineer 28 days prior the scheduled start of the training. The operation and maintenance (O&M) staff of the Employer shall be trained during the construCtioll. The total number of the trainiees is 30 persons, the traininig shall be ai-anged for two glOUps. The Enginieer shall advise the edLucat0ion,al level and thie training requir-ements. The dulation of the training shall be not less than theoretical training 2 working days and practical trainiing on the field 3 working days. The theoretical instruction in the facilities and the component operation and maintenance activities shall be provided by a professionlal trainer employed by the Contractor. The other- environmenital traininlg is given and financed thl-ouglh the original Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphonig Sub-Pioject ancd teclhnical assistance thl-ougLh Water Supply, Drainage and Sewerage and Sanitation Management Programme in Haiplong. Apiil 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 58 11 COST ESTIMATES OF ENVIRONMENI'AL MANAGEMENT Most of the costs for mitigative measures created by environmental demands are already included in the investment costs of the proposed project, or they should be part of normal operation and maintenance procedures. The biggest separate mitigation costs are the extra length of interceptor sewers along the channels to have suitable discharging point; and protection of groundwater- in Phuong Luu area. Monitoring costs are included to the costs of present Environmental Monitoring System, which is financed from SADCOo's Operation and Maintenance budget. The existing annual 70 MVND environmental monitoring budget of SADCO should be increased at least to 90 MVND to cover also the monitoring of the three new sampling points of 1B Additional Project and project perfor-mance indicatol-s twice per year. Table 11.1 Annltual Monitorinig Costs of Additional Water aid Sedimelnt Analysis Type of Frequency Unit cost Total Responsibility Monitorinig Aniiual Cost Water and Twice per 6 MVND 18 MVND Duritig constructioll Sediment Quality year PMU hir-es laboratory Monitorin1g Durinig operation (3 water quality SADCo hires and 3 sediment laboratory sampling points) Other Project Twice per I MVND 2 MVND PMU collects performance year indiicators Sub-total including 20 MVND repor ting Monitorin1g of Montlhly Includes to Contr-actor observes implementation of the contract Imitigation measures Granid total 20 MVND Monitoring of the safety aspects during the constr-uction includes to the Contract. Financing of the training related to the IB Additional Project is including to the Contract HPSANP-CID. The Employer will pay the salaries of the Employer's staff assigned for training for the training period. The Contractor shall report the attendance of the trainees to the Engineer. April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 59 PART 3 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE April 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 60 12 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT ANl) CONSULTATION 12.1 General The World Bank's Operational Policy (OP 4.01) on Environmelntal Impact Assessment requil-es that affected groups and local NGOs to be informed and consulted as a part of the EIA preparation during at least two stages of the EIA- process: shortly after the EA category has been assigned and after the draft EIA- report has been prepared. Proper consultation is a requirement for EIA category A projects. Participation should be enabled during project prepar-ation under certain conditions and is generally recommended as part of implementation. Projects that require involuntary resettlemiient (OP 4.30), consultation on social issues should be included. 12.2 Key principles The overall goals of the public consultation and disclosure are to infolm all stakeholder-s (interested and project affected parties) about the importanlt aspects of the proposed project and solicit their comments, ideas and concerns. Fur-ther- objectives include: - Commence consultations at the earliest stages of the project, in order to establish an open and pa)rticipatory process - Take care that groups being consulted are representative including representatives of womeni and youth associations, ethlnic and religious minor-ities - Enhllance previously acquired knowvledge of stakeholdel- concerlls - Employ culturally and socially appropriate consultationi methods and provide all written materials and repor-ts and orally in Vietnamese - Utilise several differenit, complementary metlhods of receivinig public input such as individual and public meetings, opinion surveys and document review - Document the comments of the stakelholder-s - Communicate informationi received fromii the stakeholder-s to the technical/designi team members, and ensul-e that legitimate concernls are addressed appropriately - File the EIA document in the communities affected by the project for public review and comments - Continue to consult the public prioI to, and durinllg the construction, operation and maintenance phases of project development 12.3 Disclosure The World Bank, like other- donors, lender-s and gover-mmenits al-oUnd the world, have recognised that many planned inter-ventions in the past have led to undesirable impacts, often exacerbating economic ineqUtalities and socio-political injustices. As such, these agencies have, for the past few years, been developing guidelines to ensure that meaningful consultation occurs, whereby relevant infolmation is provided to the stakeholders and their inputs ate encouraged. The World Bank's guideline entitled Policy on Disclosure of Information requires both public Apr il 2004 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project 61 consultation and public disclosure by the project sponsors ill the preparation of an environmental assessment. The Vietnamese versioni of the executive summary of dralt EIA repor-t was disclosed in all districts inclUdinig to the project in February 2004. At the same time the full text of the draft EIA repor-t was available at PMU office and informed to the project affected households. The final EA documents will be disclosed in InfoShop and VDIC at the World Bank office in Hanoi. 12.4 Public Consultation Meeting Duiing the preparationi of Environmental Impact Assessment for Vietnam - Sanitation Project, Haiphong Component was arr-aLnged public hearinigs in six phuonigs would be included in the project. Therefore, seven phuongs were chosen as sample ar-eas; five in i'looding areas (Cau Dat, Ha Ly, Tranl Nguyen Ilan, May To and Le Loi) and one in noni-floodinig areas (Pham -Hong! Thai). The ward autilol-ities were contacted and asked to distr-ibute houselhold questionnair-es and organise a public hear-inig wher-e the questioinaires were retuL-necl. The EIA-team and SADCo represeitative alianged the public heai-ings in the different phuongs during Januar-y 12-23, 1998. The main issues discussed during the fii-st rounid of public meetings were as follows: - informilig of the presenit sewerage and drainage situatioll in the city area - appiise the people of the ploject and its general plants e.g. intforiniig of the proposed sanitation project - informing of the EIA-procedul-e ancl the studies i-elated to the EIA - advise them of the public meetings - time schedule of the project SADCo has implemented public awareness campaigins in 2002 conceli-ing the Vietnam: Thli-ee Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub-Pi-oject, and the campaigns will continue in 2003. Public consultation meetinig for additional works was organiised on 4 Februllry 2004 and there were repr-esentatives from Ngo Quyen disti-ict, An Hlai disti-ict, Cat Bi, Dong Hai and Dong Khe phuongs totally 17 paiticipants and 6 participants from SADCo. In the meeting the participants supported the project and were ieady to co-operate with PMU and contr-actors. It was agreed i.e. that PMU will inform well in advance the constructioni time; the graveyard in Phuonig Luu area will be remiloved; PMU has to co-operate closely with districts and phuolIgs concer-ninig land acquisitioni and compensationl; and PMU has to co-operate closely with othet- projects in the same area. The minutes of the meeting and the lists of pam-ticipanlts are pi-eselited in Annex 6. Apri l 200K)4 i.DL! SKEN -- H P. AV H A; `1 3 P. E)XN LAM. ii~~~~~~~~S , ~~~~~~~~~~~T no Txnh yg SanhX)' iTh'n< i¢/ _ P. TH, E,t,4m,- ThonVu'\~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Lin h <~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ N , I OANH DLaoNG phg~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~DV .4K~~~~~~~~~~r - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~M iTiv I . CHU GIAI (LEGEND): \ ~~~~~~For detailed drawing of N T H iiJl P tip site ref drw PD-0002 ... DV AJN / \\ Chi tiet xem ban ve PD-0002 L kw. / K < ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I ' U') -|----~--. B _.T St-~~~~~NGOC Ltr 5piongH 0 Do so" m6scss6 1 i P O - - e ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-'-\--' -\,,. 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REPORT DATE 28.11.2001 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel _ l South-West Channel lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem l_____ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Temperature oC 22.2 21.8 25.1 25.9 21.4 21.1 21.5 22.0 21.1 21.5 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 0.9 0.3 4.9 0.2 0.3 4.3 0.2 0.3 2.9 4.5 pH 7.2 7.3 7.9 7.6 8.1 8.0 7.3 7.7 7.5 7.2 Conductivity mS/m 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,300 1,100 1,400 1,100 1,100 600 Turbidity mg/l 68 152 81 99 111 58 102 96 103 106 BOD5 mg 02/l 29 93 71 100 58 71 196 151 121 73 COD mg 02/ 122 181 151 402 115 146 416 174 167 101 Total Nitrogen ng/i 33 90 75 77 55 71 158 86 89 17 Total Phosphorus mg/l 1.95 2.60 2.60 2.45 3.10 2.85 2.20 2.05 2.15 0.95 Nitrate mg/l 0.20 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.09 0.15 0.03 0.05 0.10 0.31 Ammonium mg/l 23 70 53 61 27 63 100 67 69 11 Sulphate mg/l 44 29 50 53 60 49 40 30 51 26 Oil 0.26 trace 0.85 0.25 0.73 0.97 trace 0.49 0.80 1.10 Faecal coliform pcs/lOOMI 430,000 4,300 21 x 10 7 93 x 10 1 11 x 108 4,300 21 x 10 9 9,300 24 x 10 9 15,000 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY WATER QUALITY REPORT DATE 23. - 24.4.2002 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel | South-West Channel lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem _____________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Temperature oC 28.5 29.5 30.8 30.8 30.1 26.9 26.4 26.2 27.0 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 0.7 1.8 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.1 1.1 4.6 pH 8.1 8.4 8.2 8.3 8.5 8.1 7.5 8.3 8.3 Conductivity mS/m 1,800 1,500 2,600 2,500 2,500 1,900 1,300 1,200 11,900 Turbidity mg/l 53 135 172 94 108 260 125 105 30 BOD5 mg 0211 60 110 147 82 91 161 100 160 33 COD mg 0211 101 163 177 126 145 223 174 202 65 Total Nitrogen mg/l 97 107 155 103 110 201 112 137 5 Total Phosphorus mg/l 1.85 2.72 2.99 2.11 2.61 5.15 2.87 3.18 0.80 Nitrate mg/l 0.23 0.11 0.07 0.16 0.14 0.03 0.10 0.05 0.36 Ammonium 96 104 106 101 104 105 101 106 2 Sulphate mg/l 0.82 1.45 1.34 1.41 1.49 1.43 1.38 1.48 1.43 Oil mg/l 0.56 trace 0.37 trace 0.09 0.10 0.17 0.81 0.03 Faecal coliform pcs/100ml 430,000 9,100 17x 10 6 21 x 107 60,000 _ 27 x 10 10 5,700 lo x 10 4,000 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY WATER QUALITY REPORT DATE 19.11.2002 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel South-West Channel _ lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem . l l _______ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Temperature oC 21.5 21.3 21.4 21.6 22.0 22.0 22.8 21.6 22.7 Dissolved oxygen mg/i 0.2 0.3 2.0 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 2.1 pH 6.4 6.6 6.8 6.5 6.8 6.8 6.7 6.9 6.8 Conductivity mS/m 800 1,400 1,200 900 1,300 1,000 1,000 1,100 1,600 Turbidity mg/l 63 104 130 130 49 87 87 42 BOD5 mg 02/l 61 162 85 96 188 143 136 118 47 COD mg 02/l 186 291 157 273 401 285 303 267 94 Total Nitrogen mg/l 91 191 54 123 125 234 111 120 36 Total Phosphorus mg/l 1.37 4.01 1.85 3.13 3.59 4.77 2.45 2.60 0.69 Nitrate mg/l 0.17 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.07 0.01 0.15 0.13 0.38 Ammonium mg/l 77 151 41 100 107 181 88 96 8 Sulphate mg/l 56.1 71.1 60.8 101.6 100.9 49.9 70.0 89.6 110.1 Oil mg/i 0.13 0.21 0.08 0.89 2.89 1.13 0.44 0.59 0.89 Faecal coliform pcs/100ml 11x106 23x10 8 24x104 95x1 06 24x107 _ 11 x1o8 33x1 06 41x1 06 11x104 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY WATER QUALITY REPORT DATE 31.03.2003 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel | South-West Channel lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Temperature oC 29.0 27.3 29.6 29.2 28.4 26.3 26.3 27.3 26.3 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 3.0 pH 7.3 7.2 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.1 7.4 7.3 Conductivity mS/m 1900 1400 2400 2300 2800 1200 1100 2900 Turbidity m/l 63 64 102 77 338, 90 130 111 51 BOD5 mg 02/i 91 47 28 20 34 56 77 60 13 COD mg 02/l 153 189 278 304 398 227 181 274 83 Total Nitrogen m 50 77 81 115 99 24 107 194 39 Total Phosphorus mg/l 0.93 1.97 2.97 4.03 3.61 4.54 2.98 5.11 1.21 Nitrate mg/l 0.25 0.21 0.16 0.09 0.053_ 0.313 0.008 0.287 Ammonium mg/l 17 28 16 22 19 15 23 14 3.7 Sulphate mg/l 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.05 0.07 0.04 0.12 Oil mg/l 0.08 0.37 0.37 1.03 1.98 0.67 0.54 1.77 1.00 Faecalcolif:rm pcs/lOOmI 15x103 10x10 1u1x00 7x109 9X1012 9x1012 11|X06 1 =1X09 03 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY WATER QUALITY REPORT DATE 11.11.2003 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel South-West Channel lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem l_______ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Temperature oC 26.0 26.7 28.2 26.1 26.4 26.9 26.7 28.1 27.9 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.7 5.6 3.3 0.5 5.1 pH 6.6 6.2 8.0 8.4 8.2 9.2 9.0 8.1 8.4 Conductivity mS/m 1200 1200 1100 1300 1400 900 1200 700 1100 Turbidity mg/l 68 86 206 130 145 33 52 255 37 BOD5 mg 0211 57 95 189 168 72 52 127 136 54 COD mg 02/1 150 419 431 309 189 110 361 230 69 Total Nitrogen mg/l 59 79 116 97 70 42 128 183 34 Total Phosphorus m/l 1.98 2.99 4.67 4.01 2.58 1.17 3.73 2.85 0.49 Nitrate mg/l 1.00 0.30 0.35 0.35 0.25 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.15 Ammonium mg/l 47 43 42 43 43 31 42 42 0.07 Sulphate mg/l 4.9 0.4 0.8 3.3 4.9 7.8 6.8 3.1 7.2 Oil mg/l 0.10 0.35 0.40 0.95 2.25 0.15 0.50 0.57 0.88 Faecal coliform pcs/l OOml 1 9x104 27x1 04 7x108 5x1 05 1 9x1 04 17x1 03 1_ 1 x107 1 Ox1 07 25x1 03 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY SEDIMENT QUALITY REPORT DATE 28.11.2001 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel South-West Channel _ lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Moisture content % 74.0 82.1 70.7 75.7 65.6 78.0 63.9 75.5 72.5 54.6 Volatile solids % 2.8 4.0 4.0 3.3 3.7 4.9 5.2 6.3 4.3 3.8 Total solids % 26.0 17.9 29.3 24.3 34.5 22.0 36.1 24.5 27.5 45.4 Density kg/m3 1,096 1,076 1,186 1,083 1,139 1,094 1,180 1,096 1,193 1,374 Total Nitrogen mg/kg 1,142 28,793 2,582 2,518 2,307 2,434 2,939 2,685 2,786 1,889 Total Phosphorus mg/kg 108 141 137 119 150 128 116 110 115 31 COD mg/kg 27,007 44,288 34,976 51,477 26,769 29,058 57,244 36,566 35,155 23,199 Ammonium mg/kg 286 687 507 446 293 509 680 559 561 30 Sulphate mg/kg 112 78 170 197 208 122 97 80 189 16 Arsenic mg/kg 18.04 9.20 6.66 7.35 8.51 21.32 5.56 4.69 3.46 8.48 Cadmium mg/kg 5.70 30.11 4.98 8.81 11.41 12.42 5.48 11.30 7.12 2.40 Total Chromium mg/kg 407 _ 362 _ 117 150 165 204 169 545 362 111 Chromium (6+) mg/kg 40.4 25.1 10.6 23.9 18.0 14.6 9.7 40.4 24.7 15.0 Lead mg/kg 309 1193 164 251 243 551 177 958 218 105 Mercury mg/kg 2.39 1.35 0.31 0.40 0.61 2.88 0.94 1.90 0.49 0.51 Nickel mg/kg 75 153 51 71 66 106 53 108 75 50 Zinc mg/kg 2,151 4,546 1,516 2,038 1,372 3,167 1,668 2,814 2,072 600 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY SEDIMENT QUALITY REPORT DATE 19.11.2002 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel South-West Channel lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem l___________ ________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Moisture content % 84.7 52.1 67.8 64.21 37.4 38.8 Volatile solids % 2.6 2.6 3.8 3.1 3.1 4.4 Total solids % 15.3 48.0 32.3 35.8 62.6 61.2 Density kg/m3 11,200 1,490 1,260 1,320 1,650 1,930 Total Nitrogen mg/kg ; 2,900 1,801 2,152 1,914 2,021 1,791 Total Phosphorus mg/kg _ _ 412 36 324 79 164 80 COD mg/kg Ammonium mg/kg 2,273 20 301 98 8 1 Sulphate mg/kg 91,939 24,292 30,437 27,233 4,080 1,523 Arsenic mg/kg 1.15 0.72 0.69 0.76 _ 1.07 0.62 Cadmium mg/kg 9.36 1.21 1.70 3.83 1.68 1.29 Total Chromium mg/kg 82 36 51 57 70 47 Chromium (6+) mg/kg Lead mg/kg 209 52 61 92 79 43 Mercury mg/kg 0.10 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.07 Nickel mg/kg Zinc mg/kg 166 99 106 106 108 92 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY SEDIMENT QUALITY REPORT DATE 11.11.2003 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel l South-West Channel l lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Moisture content _ 50.8 67.2 80.4 59.3 66.8 45.4 81.6 40.3 Volatile solids % 3.5 4.60 3.80 3.93 3.30 3.80 4.40 2.10 Total solids _ 45.7 28.20 15.80 36.80 29.90 50.80 14.00 57.60 Density kg/m3 1,444 1,321 1,182 1,418 1,338 1,602 1,200 1,740 Total Nitrogen mg/kg 1,865 5,345 4,041 6,233 1,443 13,767 12,902 1,277 Total Phosphorus mg/kg 98 707 407 119 499 198 768 72 COD mg/kg _ .; Ammonium mg/kg 79 140 326 66 53 107 361 24 Sulphate mg/kg __ _ 1,138 31,365 36,293 24,531 8,668 7,827 23,878 12,052 Arsenic mg/kg ___ 1.38 0.95 0.96 1.01 0.38 0.86 1.99 0.73 Cadmium mg/kg 4.11 1.78 2.02 2.13 0.24 1.31 3.43 0.41 Total Chromium mg/kg 55 42 43 51 18 61 163 34 Chromium mg/kg Lead m/k 123 130 85 82 27 70 183 39 Mercury mg/kg 0.07 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.12 0.04 Nickel mg/kg Zinc mg/kg 346 346 258 141 237 422 117 __ S~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY SEDIMENT QUALITY REPORT DATE 23. - 24.4.2002 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel | South-West Channel lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Moisture content % 76.9 76.4 78.7 70.5 61.5 59.8 66.7 77.0 58.9 Volatile solids % 2.5 3.8 2.6 2.4 4.0 4.5 4.4 4.6 3.3 Total solids % 23.1 23.6 21.3 29.5 38.5 40.2 33.3 23.0 41.1 Density kg/m3 1,239 1,191 1,220 1,217 1,355 1,333 1,291 1,157 1,360 Total Nitrogen mg/kg 3,495 7,466 3,356 5,347 2,716 2,985 3,553 7,128 3,350 Total Phosphorus mg/kg 151 158 167 178 72 219 172 247 174 COD mg/kg 53,774 54,822 28,807 29,015 76,493 28,832 34,257 87,962 17,299 Ammonium mg/kg 1,302 1,219 1,464 797 340 786 889 1,333 47 Sulphate mg/kg 30,887 33,331 42,712 30,922 26,241 22,951 22,080 45,270 15,125 Arsenic mg/kg 3.26 2.64 1.94 2.01 1.92 3.39 2.94 4.99 1.16 Cadmium mg/kg 0.34 0.52 0.20 0.22 0.21 0.23 0.24 0.52 0.25 Total Chromium mg/kg 33 24 29 24 26 18 51 80 27 Chromium (6+) mg/kg 6.8 4.5 5.5 2.8 3.3 3.8 5.3 8.5 5.9 Lead mg/kg 68 61 27 16 36 62 33 154 49 Mercury mg/kg 0.17 0.27 0.29 0.18 0.10 0.15 0.14 0.35 0.20 Nickel mg/kg 20 14 18 18 15 13 13 22 20 Zinc mg/kg 301 420 239 184 163 265 285 425 241 HAIPHONG SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE COMPANY SEDIMENT QUALITY REPORT DATE 31.03.2003 LABORATORY Haiphong Institute of Oceanology HIO North-East Channel South-West Channel _ lake channel channel channel channel lake channel lake lake channel Parameter Unit Tien Nga from Tien Nga from An Bien Intersection May Den Sen fr Du Hang Lam Tuong Du Hang Vinh Niem _____________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Moisture content % 26.9 4.7 45.8 37.0 53.5 64.6 69.4 40.2 49.2 Volatile solids % 6.2 65.0 5.1 2.6 3.5 6.9 7.0 2.9 3.2 Total solids % 66.9 49.1 60.4 43.0 28.5 23.6 56.9 47.6 Density kg/m3 1,740 1,720 1,580 1,660 1,500 1,290 1,250 1,680 1,490 Total Nitrogen mg/kg 510 619 664 711 1,116 6,596 7,313 1,350 670 Total Phosphorus mg/kg 24 307 77 15 21 40 121 69 25 COD mg/kg _ __ _ Ammoniuum mg/kg 153 349 348 359 732 967 1990 354 211 Sulphate mg/kg 2771 1740 8056 18241 51645 40385 6105 19873 Arsenic mgkg 1.12 0.53 0.28 0.77 1.41 0.91 0.65 1.33 Cadmium mg/kg 0.75 0.37 1.25 0.45 1.88 1.63 1.55 1.25 1.05 Total Chromium mg/kg 29 34 35 29 43 78 120 27 32 Chromium mg/kg _ _ ., Lead mg/kg 91 64 11 31 76 169 146 28 64 Mercury mg/kg 0.15 0.01 0.02 0.07 1.41 0.08 0.02 0.43 0.65 Nickel mg/kg Zinc mg/kg 106 98 112 89 105, f 112 113 90 102 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project ANNEX 3 SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN PHUONG LUU LAKE AREA Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project Annex 3.1 Surface Water Quality in Phuong Luu Lake Area, Source: CCET, 11/2000 STT Indicators AKH 12 AKH 15 TCVN 5942 - 1995 1 Temperature (0C) 19 20 2 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) 6.64 6.59 > 2 3 PH 7.6 7.9 5.5 - 9 4 EC (1tsIcm) 1785 621 5 Turbidity (NTU) 347.8 55 6 Salinity (%o) 0.761 0.234 0 Odor 8 BOD5 (mg/i) 6.3 5.8 < 25 9 COD (mg/I) 17.6 15.2 < 35 10 SS (mg/l) 11 5 80 11 Total N (mg/l) 1 8.1 12 NH4 - N (mg/l) < 0.01 7.12 13 NO2 (mg/i) 0.033 0.015 0.05 14 NO3 (mg/I) 0.205 0.053 15 15 Total P (mg/l) 0.28 0.15 16 SOJ2- (mg/i) 104.55 10.9 17 Coli form (MPN/100ml) 120 15 10000 18 Fecal Coli (MPN/lOOmi) 64 Nil 19 Cd (mg/l) 0.0006 0.0004 0.02 20 CN (mg/i) 0.007 0.005 0.05 21 Pb (mg/I) 0.0054 0.0045 0.1 22 Zn (mg/i) 0.0072 0.0018 2 23 Cu (mg/I) 0.0028 0.0048 1 24 Cr (mg/i) 0.009 0.002 25 Cr "' (mg/i) 0.002 0.001 0.05 26 As (mg/i) 0.006 0.003 0.1 27 Hg (mg/I) 0.0002 0.0002 0.002 28 Fe (mg/I) 3.25 0.16 2 29 Oil. grease (mg/I) 0.22 0.13 3 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project Annex 3.2 Groundwater Quality in Phuong Luu Lake Area, Source: CCET, 11/2000 No Indicators AKH 13 AKH 14 TCVN 5944 - 1995 1 Temperature (0C) 19 18.5 2 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/1) 5.72 6.42 3 PH 7.3 7.55 6.5 - 8.5 4 EC (jis/cm) 2760 4390 5 Turbidity (NTU) 89.7 85.3 6 Salinity(%o) 1.113 1.347 0 Odor 8 BOD5 (mg/i) 14.8 14.8 9 COD (mg/I) 32 32 10 SS (mg/I) 3 5 11 Total N (mg/i) 5.2 2.84 12 NI14 - N (mg/I) 4.813 2.46 13 NO2 (mg/I) 0.855 0.345 14 NO3 (mg/1) 0.0023 0.177 0.1 - 0.5 15 Total P (mg/I) 0.35 0.09 16 S04 (mg/l) 5.1 78.5 200-400 17 Coliform (MPN/lOOml) 250 380 3 18 Fecal Coliform (MPN/lOOml) 100 180 No 19 Cd (mg/I) 0.0007 0.0004 0.01 20 CN (mg/I) 0.003 0.003 0.01 21 Pb (mg/I) 0.0033 0.0015 0.05 22 Zn (mg/l) 0.0114 0.0015 5.0 23 Cu (mg/I) 0.0035 0.0027 1.0 24 Cr (mg/I) 0.008 0.009 25 Cr '' (mg/I) 0.002 0.0026 0.05 26 As (mg/I) < 0.001 0.005 0.05 27 Hg (mg/I) < 0.0001 0.0002 0.001 28 Fe (mg/I) 3.5 2.6 1 - 5 29 Oil. grease (mg/I) 0.15 0.16 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project ANNEX 4 POLLUTION LOADS TO WATER BODIES ACCORDING TO THE STUDY ON SANITATION IMPROVEMENT PLAN FOR HAIPHONG CITY Source: The Study on Sanitation lImprovement Plan for Haiphong City in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Volume I Sanitation Master Plan, July 2001 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1B Additional Project Pollution Loads to Water Bodies According to the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City The following information from year 2000 is based on the Study on Sanitation Improvement Plan for Haiphong City. More detailed data is available in Final Report Main Report Volume 1: Sanitation Master Plan. Anticipated Pollution Loads to Lake and Channels The pollution load estimations to the following channels and lakes were made: -North-East channel system: An Bien, Mam Tom, Tien Nga lakes -South-West channel system: Sen. Du Hang, Lam Tuong lakes, south of Sen lake area -An Kim Hai channel system: direct flow to An Kim Hai channel, Dong Hai lake These lakes and channels in the city centre are the most heavily polluted water bodies and it was of interest to estimate the reduction of pollution loads by the Master Plan. Table 1 summanises the anticipated increases of pollution loads to these lakes and channels without and with the implemented Master Plan including two wastewater treatment plants. Table 1 BOD (kg/day) Pollution Loads to Channels and Lakes Without and With Master Plan Channel Sub-basin 1999 2010 2020 Present Without With Without With MP MP MP MP NE Channel An Bien and Mam Tom 1402 1533 154 1969 197 lakes 100 % 109% 11% 140% 14% Tien Nga lake 459 510 51 516 52 100% 111% 11% 113% 11% Other 3093 4091 2072 5059 534 100% 132% 67% 164% 17% Total 4954 6134 2277 7544 782 100% 124% 46% 152% 16% SW Channel Sen Lake 598 675 68 802 80 100% 113% 11% 134% 13% Du Hang and Lam Tuong 1071 1233 123 1459 146 lakes 100% 115% 12% 136% 14% Sen Lake South Basin 572 872 86 1254 122 100% 152% 15% 219% 21 '7 Other 194 496 176 753 63 100% 255% 90% 388% 32% Total 2436 3276 453 4268 411 100% 134% 19% 175% 17% An Kim Hai An Kim -lHai Chaninel 659 1094 429 1394 108 Channel 100% 166% 65% 211% 16'7 Dong Hai Lak-e 400 645 65 977 98 100% 161%, 16% 244% 24% Total 1059 1740 494 2371 206 100%7, 164% 47% 224% 19§Z Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project The results of the analysis can be summarised as follows: If the proposed Master Plan were not implemented, the pollution loads to these lakes and channels would increase considerably in the next 20 years, although the rates of increase vary from sub-basin to sub-basin. Pollution loads would increase 100 % or more in the south and east of the existing urban area, e.g. Sen Lake South Basin area, Dong Hai lake area, west of Ngo Quyen District, where the population is expected to grow rapidly. On the other hand increase in pollution loads in already developed area e.g. Sen lake area and An Bien - Mam Tom lake area, will be limited. The proposed Master Plan would reduce the overall pollution loads to the lakes and channels to approximately 10 % of the "Without Master Plan" case for BOD, T-N and T- P, and 20 % of the "Without Master Plan" case for suspended solids. In the catchment areas for these channels and lakes there will be mainly combined sewers, and the pollution loads to the lakes and channels are overflow from the Combined Sewer Overflow control structures. The levels of pollution loads correspond to roughly 10 - 30 % of the present level for BOD, T-N and T-P, and 20 - 50 % of the present level for suspended solids. When the interceptor sewers are built around the lakes and channels and wastewater is diverted from these water bodies, the pollution loads will be even smaller. Anticipated Pollution Loads to Major Rivers The overall pollution loads to the following water bodies were analysed: the Cam River, the Lach Tray River, the Da Do River, the An Kim Hai Channel, the Bac Bo Bay (direct inflow), and the Bach Dang River. The following factors complicated the basin-wise analysis of pollution loads: -Complex hydrological characteristics, which in the area is strongly affected by tidal fluctuation -Alteration of catchment area by the proposed project including to the proposed priority projects. For example wastewater from Old City Centre is currently discharged to the Cam River. However, in the future, if the area will be serviced by combined sewers the wastewater will be discharged to the Lach Tray River. Table 2 summarises the estimated total pollution loads to major water bodies without and with Master Plan. Table 2 Total Pollution Loads to Major Rivers Without and With Master Plan Pollutant Unit 1999 2010 2020 Case Present Without MP With MP Without MP With MP BOD Kg/day 23,300 36,200 26,200 48,300 21,000 % 100 155 112 207 90 SS Kg/day 50,900 74,900 64.700 98,000 70,000 % 100 147 127 193 138 T-N Kg/day 5,550 8,160 7,820 10,620 11,160 C/ 100 147 141 191 201 T-P Kg/day 890 1,430 1,400 1,940 2,020 % 100 161 157 218 230 Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project If the proposed Master Plan were not implemented, the anticipated levels of pollution loads to major rivers in 2020 would be nearly doubled from the present levels: 207 % for BOD, 193 % for suspended solids, 191 % for T-N and 218 % for T-P. The Master Plan would significantly reduce pollution loads of BOD and suspended solids from the "Without Master Plan" case. If the Master Plan were implemented, the pollution loads in 2020 will be 90 % of the present level for BOD, 138 % of the present level for suspended solids, 201 % of the present level for T-N and 230 % of the present for T-P. The proposed Master Plan would not significantly affect the pollution loads of T-N and T-P. In fact, the pollution loads of T-N and T-P may be increased by the Master Plan for the following reasons: -Sewer network, which will efficiently collect and transport wastewater to wastewater treatment plant will reduce the chance of wastewater to be treated "naturally" in lakes, channels and soil -Removal efficiencies of T-N and T-P by the proposed treatment processes will be limited Removal of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, is very costly, and is not viable option for time being. However, if the removal of nutrients becomes desirable in the future, more advanced treatment process should be introduced. Table 3 BOD Loads (kg/day) to Major Rivers Without and With Master Plan Basin Unit 1999 2010 2020 Present Without With MP Without With MP MP MP Cam River kg/day 11,600 17,300 13,100 20,600 4,800 % 100 149 113 178 41 Lach Tray Rivef kg/day 7,300 12,000 8,100 15,900 9,200 % 100 164 111 218 126 Da Do River kg/day 700 900 900 1,500 500 % 100 129 129 214 71 An Kim Hai kg/day 1,100 1,700 500 2,400 200 Channel % 100 155 45 218 18 Bac Bo Bay kg/day 2,100 2,800 2,300 5.400 4,200 % . 100 133 110 257 200 Bach Dang kg/day 500 1,500 1,300 2,500 2,100 River % 100 300 260 500 420 Total kg/day 23.300 36,200 26,200 48.300 21,000 % 100 155 112 207 90 If the proposed Master Plan were implemenited, the pollution loads to the Cam River will be reduced drastically, in part because the pollution loads from the Old City Centre (Hong Bang District) will be tranisported to Vinh Niem wastewater treatment plant and discharged to the Lach Tray River. On the contrary, the Lach Tray River will receive more pollution loads, though the amount of BOD and suspended solids discharged to the Lach Tray River will be still smaller than the "Without Master Plan" case. ., -~~- s . -..-5.M-.. rv Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project Impacts of Master Plan on Water Quality In order to assess the anticipated change in water quality with and without the Master Plan, simple calculations of anticipated water qualities were made by dividing the estimated pollution load by discharge. Because the analysis of pollution loads indicated that the pollution loads to the Cam River and the Lach Tray River are considerably larger than to other rivers, these two rivers were selected for further analysis. Table 4 Anticipated Water Quality of the Cam River Without and With Master Plan Pollutant Unit 1999 2010 2020 TCVN 5942- Present Without With MP Without With MP 1995 MP MP ____ BOD mg/l 5.3 5.5 5.4 5.6 5.1 25 % 100 95 95 105 96 - SS mg/l 22.4 22.7 22.5 23.0 22.4 80 r % 100 102 101 103 100 - T-N mg/I 0.57 0.60 0.58 0.62 0.54 15* % 100 105 101 109 95 - T-P mg/I 0.61 0.62 0.61 0.62 0.61 % 100 101 101 102 100 *as Nitrate Table 5 Anticipated Water Quality of Lach Tray River Without and With Master Plan Pollutant Unit 1999 2010 2020 TCVN 5942- Present Without With MP Without With MP 1995 MP MP BOD mg/I 10.4 12.0 10.7 13.3 11.1 25 % 100 115 103 127 106 - SS mg/l 121.8 124.3 123.2 126.6 124.5 80 _______ 100 102 101 104 102 - T-N mg/l 1.25 1.59 1.83 1.88 2.83 15* % 100 127 147 151 227 T-P mg/I 0.60 0.66 0.70 0.70 0.84 SO 100 109 115 117 140 *as Nitrate It is clear that the impacts of the pollution loads from the Study Area of Master Plan to the water qualities of these rivers are not large. In particular, the impact to the Cam River is negligible even if the proposed Master Plan were not implemented. This is because the Cam River has a sufficiently large flow compared to the sewage volume. The water quality would easily satisfy the TCVN 5942-1995. The impact is larger on the Lach Tray River, which is roughly 1/10 in discharge, and the treated water from the proposed western wastewater treatment plant, which would cover most of the urban centre of Haiphong, will be discharged to it. Nevertheless, the impact is still small, and the TCVN 5942-1995 will be satisfied expect for suspended solids, which is high in the background. Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project ANNEX 5 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT COMPONENTS It; U I W [I. sJL- 4-1 ICIFU 1I I IjJ IL - C,, Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project Annex 5.1 Identirication, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Construction of Interceptor Sewers and Pumping Stations along the Channels ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING, IMPACTS FOLLOW-UP Air Emissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, CO, C02 and Check regularly specification (related to emission Short-term impacts. Not requlued. construction particulates from the engines of the and noise) of vehicles equipment construction equipment and traffic will have a small and a short-term effect on local air Local quality and an infinitesinial effect on global greenhouse gases. Dust emissions from traffic related to construction works. Water quality Local Overall positive impact on water quality. Circulate water from bigger lakes to the smaller Decrease of wastewater odour, Regular monitoring of water and quantity Risk of decrease of lake water level during lakes or lead water from rivers channels to lakes by improvement of water quality and quality and water level in lakes changes in lakes dry season if compensating water is not tidal gate operation. However, annual precipitation overall environmental condition. and channels. and channels available. is much higher than evaporation. Improvement of hygienic situation in the City area. Water quality Regional Possible additional increase in pollution Operation and maintenance guidelines for Minimal additional impacts compared Regular monitoring of river and quantity in level is small due to the good dilution interceptor sewers and pumping stations have to be to existing situation, water quality. rivers capacity of the recipient rivers. No impact prepared and followed. Annual O&M budget has to on water quantity. be sufficient. Continuous power supply for pumping stations has to be guaranteed. Screening of wastewater will be done in pumping stations. Wastewater is recommended discharged to rivers through mangrove ponds to stabilise the discharge, to minimise combined adverse impact of tide, river water flow and wastewater flow. and to prevent additional erosion. vieml=TT 1 H e U I -iIIILdItII r-iOJiUL - _Il - Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project Annex 5.2 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Construction of Phuong Luu Lake ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING, Air Emiissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, CO. C02 and Check regularly specification (related to emission and noise) of Minimal impacts. Not required. rehabilitation particulates from the engines of the rehabilitation vehicles equipment equipment and traffic will have a small and a short term ef fect on local air quality and an Local infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Noisc Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with rehabilitation Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short-term impacts. Not requircd rehabilitation works. Short-term noise effect in populated areas. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1998) equipment. Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings Local and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible. Contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers when noise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how to use them. Construction of Local Increased storage capacity during rainy season. Construction during dry season. Permanent change of land use Regular monitoring of Phuong Lu Lake Increase of recreational value of the lakes. in Phuong Luu area lake water quality Change of land use in Phuong Luu area. Transportation routes and times of 51 0,000 m' of earth to "Do Son 96 ' tip site in Tan Thanh commune in Kien Thuy district have to Major positive impact on the he agreed with traffic police. water (quality and overall elvironnitct ial hygienic antd rccrcational conditions. Shor-t-term negative imnpacts dunng construction Potentially Local soil Risk of soil contamination and groundwater Choice of appropriate working methods is essential. Short term impacts Regular monitoring ot Contarninating contamination. during construction of Phuong Luu lake. Protective clothing and operational training for workers is lakcs and rivers Substances essential. Avoid transportation of excavated material and sludge during rush hours. Grotindwater pollution has to be prevented during excavation of Long term impacts if Strict supervision of Phtiong Luu Lake. mitigation measures arec not rchabilitation works Is followed rcquired from the contractor Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project Annex 5.3 Identification, Management and Monitoring of Impacts related to Rehabilitation of Cat Bi Lake ISSUE EXTENT POTENTIAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES NET EFFECTS MONITORING. IMPACTS FOLLOW-UP Air Emnissions Vicinity of Minimal emissions of NOx, CO, C02 and No measures necessary. Minimal impacts. Not required rehabilitation particulates from the engines of the rehabilitation equipment equipment and traffic will have a small and a short term effect on local air quality and an Local infinitesimal effect on global greenhouse gases. Noise Vicinity of Short-term noise associated with rehabilitation Avoid working in residential areas during the night between 10 Short-tern impacts. Not rcquircd. rehabilitation works. Short-term noise effect in populated areas. p.m. to 6 a.m. (TCVN 5949-1998) equipment. Minimise construction noise by using anti-vibration mountings Local and noise insulation on equipment whenever possible. Contractor has to provide ear protectors for workers when noise level in the working place exceeds 85 dB and train how to use them. Rehabilitation Local Increased storage capacity during rainy season. Dredging during dry season. Major positive impact on the Regular monitoring of and Dredging of Increase of recreational value of the lakes. water quality and overall lake water quality Cat Bi Lake Dredging has been considered as most efficient and cost effective environmental, hygienic and Construction of interceptor sewer and bypassing method to improve the environmental condition and somewhat the recreational conditions. of wastewater will improve remarkably hydraulic conditions and storage capacity of the lakes. Dry environmental condition of Cat Bi Lake. dredging of Cat Bi Lake is recommended to minimise the nccd of Short-term negative impacts extra drying beds for sludge. during dredging. OL'dour during dredging. Temporary drying of lakes. However, there are no valuable or Transportation route and time of 46,000 m' of excavated sludge endangered plants or animals. and earth to Trang Cat disposal and composting plant has to be agreed with traffic police. Potentially Local soil Risk of soil contamination during sludge removal Choice of appropriate working methods is essential. Short term impacts Regular monitoring )f' Contaminating contamination. in unpaved areas around Cat Bi Lake. Protective clothing and operational training for workers is lakes and riscrl Substances essential. Avoid transportation of excavated material and sludge Health hazards (parasitic during rush hours. infections from sludge, etc.) Strict supervision ofi may cause long-term impacts. rehabilitation works is Short term impacts required from the contractor Vietnam: Three CN1es Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project ANNEX 6 MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING ... -r. '4 . Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project Ti-an slationl NMinutes of meeting Consultation with public community Regar(Iing environment issue of IB sewerage and sanitation project - Additional wvork ,imiie 2p.m 4"' February 2004 \`enue : Offlice of Hai Phon_ Sewera(_e and Sanitation Pro'ject No. I. Ly Tu Trong - Hai Phong I/ particijation : Representative of 1- Hai Phong Sewerage and Sanitation Project Mlanagement Unit: Mr Do TTrong Dat - Director of SADCo / Director of PMU Mi Nguven Canh Giap - Vice Director- of SADCo I Vice Director of PMtH Mr Trinh Van Dan - Manager of Planning Division Mr. Do Truong Trinh - Manager of Technical Division Mr. Nguyen Minh Tuan - Vice Director of PMU Mr. Ngo Ba Tinh - PMU staff 2 - PC of Ngo Quyen district: Ms. Nouven Thi Kim Lien - Deputy Mlanager of Urban Management Division Mr. Vu Quang Hung - Staff 3 - PC of An Hai district: Mr. Nguven Anh Tuan - Manager of Urban Management Division Mr. Nguven Van Tuan - Staff 4 - PC of l)ong Khe phuong: 1\r. Tr.lan Duc Tuong - Chairman Mr. PhalL Dinlh Duc - Party's Scr-etMary of phuong Mr. Tran \,iet Dat - Head oi' Agricult rul cooperative lr. Tr-L;n Van Duvet - Head of KS HT,X M r. Tran V'an Than-i - Head of prodLction1 learii No. 4 MIr. Train Doan Nhat - Head of residentm rioup) No.3 5 - I'C of, )ong IIlai phuonlg: Ir. H1ia Phonoa Czanh - [lead of t 'rhan iage ment teaiml N T r. Traill \'Van 1I - \ ic C 11a11n111an \Mi-. NLaivcn \ `Nan Ky - 11CHead otf A-riclttiwe cooperati\c N1s. Nguvcn nTi Det - I lcad of residlelnt (roilu 6 - l'C ol (.at Bi l)hluoli: Mr. u \'u \"n) lo' Still olt o 'and Ad1In ll 'sInision N1 NLL\Ce Na111 SunL - -1ad of residet "'-"1 C N ir. Ph1m11 V'ili I loain - Ile,dol ,csi,et1c -rouip D Vietnam: Three Cities Sanitation Project - Haiphong Sub- Project Final Environmental Impact Assessment for 1 B Additional Project II/ content: The participants listened to Mr. Do Trong Dat, Director of Hai Phong Sewerage and Sanitation Project, who introduced the Project including: rehabilitation of Cat Bi lake, construction of Phuong Luu lake, service roads on both sides of the channels and their method statement. He also emphasized that this meeting purpose to discuss on environment issue of the project, its impact during implementation, completion and operation, monitoring measure and plan to minimize bad impact of the project to the environment. All parties discussed and consented to following matters: + All parties agreed on the works of the Project and support its implementation + The Project will affect to living of the resident in the area of the Project + PMU will inform on time execution plan of the Project, especially plan of land acquisition and compensation + PMU and concerning parties need to pay attention to life of the households, whose production land is revoked. + PMU need to cooperate closely with districts and phuongs in land acquisition and compensation + Minimize land acquisition and removal of tombs + Cooperate closely with other projects in the same area + The graveyard in Phuong Luu park should be removed to other place The minutes is accepted and signed by all parties. The meeting finished at 3.30 p.m of the same day HP Sewerage & Sanitation PC of Ngo Quyen district PC of Hai An district Project Management Unit (Signed) (Signed) (Signed and stanped) PC of Cat Bi phuong PC of Dong Hai phuong PC of Dong Khe phuong (Sigzed) (Signed) (Signzed) CONG HOA XA H1I CHUJ NGHIA VICT NAM Mc lap - Tu do - Hanh phic -oOo-| BlVN BAN CUOC HOP Tham kh'ao j kien c6ng d6ng ve v6n de noi trirong Dir an Thloat nuic 1B - Hang muc bo xung Th6i gian : 14" Ngay 4 thAng 2 nam 2004 Dia Mim : BaL quan 19 Dur ain Thoat nr6dc va V@ sinh HIai ph6ng s6 1 IDtT)ng Ly9 Tur Trong - Thillh ph6 Hai Phong 1/T IHANII Pl'lN IIIAM DUF: 1- Dai dien BQLDA Tnoat nut6c va Ve sinli Hai phong: Ong D6 Trong Dat - Giam d6c Cong ty Tihoat nudc / Giam d6c BQLDA Ong Nguyen C'alh Gkip - Ph6 Giam d6c C6ng ty / Ph6 Giam d6c BQLDA Ong Trinh Van Dan - TrLr&ng ph6ng K6 hoach Ong D0 Tnr6ng Trinh - Tru1ng phong Ky thuat Ong Nguy^n Minih Tuaul - Ph6 Giam doc BQLDA Oiig Ng6 Ba Tinh - Can bQ BQLDA 2 - Dai din UBND quain Ngo Quy6n: Ba Nguy@n Thi Kimi Lien - Ph6 phbng Quan 1 do thi Onig Vu Quanig HLrng - Chuy@n vien 3 - Dai dien UBND quan H'ai An: Onlg Nguy@n Aniii Tuanl - TrLr&'ng phong quan Iy1 d6 thi Ong Nguyen Van Tuan - Chuy6n vi6n phong quan ly do thi 4 - Dai dien UBND phtong DOng Khe: Ong TirAl DCrc Truncg - Chu' tich O1g llhal DiUnh Dcrc - Bi thlr DAng u' phlur6g ; O11g TIAn Viet Dat - Chli nhiem HTX Nong nighiep On1g Tranl Vanl Duyet - Trtr&ng banl KS HTX O9ug TIAn Vadl TlianIng - Doi trtr6ng D6i sain xuati so 4 Oulg TrlAn Do-an Nhat - Cum trufng Danl ctr so 3 5 - Dai dien UBND phu6ong DOng HAii: Ong Hai Phlong CanuI - To trLnuo1g QLDT Ong TI-An Van NlM - Ph6 Chiu tich UBND phla6ng Onig Nguy6n Van1 Ky' - Cli6 nhi@m HTX N61ng nghiep Ba Nguy6n Tlli Det - Tn-u6n1g khu dan cir 6 - Dai dien UBIND phu4ng Cat Bi: O9giiVU Vain L6c - Can b6 dia chfinii Onlg NguyEti Vanl Siru - Trtr&ng khu dan cir C Onig Plhan Vie`t -loaTh - T-tr6tig khlu dai cii D 11/ NOI D)UN(- H6i nighii ddi nglie o6ng Do Trong Dat giam d6c Ban quain 1I dur ain Thoat nIr6c va Vye siih Hai ph6ng gi6i thieu v6 dur an va hang muc b6 xung cua d,r an. bao g6m: cai tao ho Cait Bi, xay du.ng h6 Phirong Luru, xay d ,ing dtr6ng quan 1y hai bb mu'cng tlhoMt nr6c, ciing nhur bidn phip thi c6ng. D6ng th6i neu muc dich cua cuoc hop lii thAo Iuta,n ve van de moi truang cua dir an. Va'n d6 anh htr&ng c'ua dir ain trong quai trinih thuc thi xay d rng d,r aLn cung nhLr giai doan hoan thanh dura dir in vao khai thic s r dung. Cac bien phip cong nhir k hoach giam sat kiem tra de glAm thieu toi da Anh hurang xau cua dir ain v6 van de m6i tiru6ng. CAc ben thamii dur da thao luAxn va th6ng nhat cAc diem chinh nhu' sau: + Gic ben holiii toan nhlat tii v6i n6i dung dL! ,un va u'ng h6 thtrc thi du din + Dur in se inli1 htrdLg 6i. sinh hoat cua nhan dAn khu viuc du! an dulcf xay dui,ng + BQLDA se th6ng tin kip thMi k' hoach trien khai dir an dac biet Ia c6ng tac d6n bu giAi ph6ng nimat bang + BQLDA va cic ben lien quan cAn quan tam t6i 661 s6ng ccua nhan dan khi thu h6i dat san xuat cua cac hM. + Can k6t hop chat che v6i quan va phuoing v6 COng tae d6n bu GPMB + Han ch6 t6i da viec di chuydn m6 ma ciung nhur viec giai phong mat bang + CUn k6t hcp chat che v6i cac dur an khac trong cUiig khu vu.c + Nghia trang troiig cong vien Phuacng Luu neni chuydn sang vi tri khac N6i dung bieln ban cuQc hop da dicrqc cc ben th6ng nhgt va ky ten. CuQc hop ke6t thdic hlic 15h30 cbiig iigAy BAN QLDA TiiOXT NUlO( UBND QUAN NGO QUYRN UBND QUAN IIAI AN I1 l IIA Pl'O'N(; - W GIAM DOC UiJSNI) PIRIIONG C .V I ISI IBIINI) I'IUlO6NG DONG IAll UBNI) I'IIlfNG DONG Kl1 I - :.i/ -