38188 BANK-NETHERLANDS WATER PARTNERSHIP WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION WINDOWS PROGRESS REPORT FIRST SEMESTER, 2006 JANUARY 1 ­ JUNE 30, 2006 Bank-Netherlands Water Partnership -Water Supply and Sanitation Windows BANK NETHERLANDS WATER PARTNERSHIP 1818 H street NW, Washington DC 20433 USA · bnwp@worldbank.org · tel. 1-202-458-7796 WATER Swww.worldbank.org/watsan/bnwpINDOWS UPPLY AND SANITATION W SEMI-ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT FIRST SEMESTER, 2006 JANUARY 1 ­ JUNE 30, 2006 1. THE BANK-NETHERLANDS WATER PARTNERSHIP ­ WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION WINDOWS The mission of the Bank-Netherlands Water Partnership (BNWP) is to improve delivery of water supply and sanitation services to the poor. The partnership enhances performance of World Bank operations in the water supply and sanitation sector and supports a broad sector reform agenda with a strong poverty focus. BNWP activities center on providing support to solve immediate problems with actual cases, testing policy and service delivery innovations, and plugging gaps in existing knowledge in the WSS sector as a whole. The BNWP is managed as a cohesive program based on good quality projects and activities, and is complementary to other sources of funding. BNWP projects are targeted interventions that support implementation of structural changes. A typical project fosters South-South collaboration and includes pilots in the field. All project proposals are quality-assured through peer review by reviewers chosen from within and outside the World Bank. More details on the work done by BNWP are available at www.worldbank.org/watsan/bnwp or by writing to bnwp@worldbank.org. 2. THE SEMI-ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT 2.1 PURPOSE This Semi-Annual Progress Report outlines the progress in work of the Water Supply and Sanitation Windows of the Bank-Netherlands Water Partnership during the first semester of 2006 (January 1 ­ June 30, 2006). The purpose of the Semi-Annual Progress Report is to: · report outputs and activities of the various BNWP projects and activities · report disbursements that allows comparison with outputs · facilitate identification of links and common interests between various projects of BNWP · Increase transparency of BNWP operations. While a second phase of BNWP was approved in June 2006, which is during the first semester of 2006, this report focuses on the closure of the first phase of BNWP. 2 2.2 STRUCTURE OF THE SEMI-ANNUAL PROGRESS REPORT The Semi-Annual Progress Report is organized with a main text with an annex giving the detailed progress reports for each project and activity. 3. KEY DEVELOPMENTS IN THE SEMESTER In the January ­ June 2006 period, new and ongoing BNWP projects and activities focused efforts on readying final outputs for publication and finalizing disbursements. Disbursements during the period were largely on target, constituting 99% of planned disbursements for the semester. Overall BNWP-WSS program disbursements landed at $8.33 million, representing 99.2% of the allocated grant. Throughout the reporting period, the BNWP management team carefully monitored implementation progress and disbursements for all projects and activities in the portfolio. The management team undertook targeted actions (including budget adjustments and reallocations) to ensure full disbursement of program funds. All remaining nineteen activities and projects were closed during the period and no new activities were approved. 3.1 NEW PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES No new activities were approved and started up this semester. 3.2 CLOSED PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES The following activities were finalized and closed during the reporting period: Pro-poor transaction design; Upstream work for private sector participation and reform (#005): The objective of this activity was to ensure that selected urban water sector reforms involving the private sector are more effective at increasing access and service quality for poor consumers and the unconnected. The project included demand assessment; tariff design; poverty mapping; design of institutional options; consultation process design; and private sector participation design recommendations in three locations ­ Sri Lanka, Peru and Honduras. The project produced several publications including two policy papers addressing the needs of the poor in the context of water sector reform in Sri Lanka and Peru and two Policy Research Working Papers on un-packaging demand for water service quality using evidence from conjoint surveys in Sri Lanka; and use of willingness to pay experiments for estimating demand for piped water connection. Follow up support to communities after construction of rural WSS facilities (#007): The study undertaken under this activity tested the hypothesis that sustainability is linked not only to the existence of specific conditions and factors before and during construction of a water supply or sanitation system, but also to specific factors well beyond the end of construction. The study included three country case studies: Peru, Ghana, and Bolivia. Each case study used structured 3 interviews, focus groups and direct observation to look at three measures of sustainability: physical performance, use of the improved water services, and consumer satisfaction. The studies showed that several years after installation the majority of water supplies are working and households use them. This success does not seem to require an additional "dose" of systematic post construction support. However, many villages have given up trying to collect money on a regular basis. The activity produced Working Note No. 4 entitled Post-Project Sustainability. Follow-up Support to Communities: Literature Review and Desk Review of RWSS Documents. A synthesis report of the case studies will be published in the fall. Public private partnership to promote handwashing with soap (#008): The project sought to reduce the incidence of diarrheal diseases in poor communities through Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) promoting handwashing with soap and disseminated lessons learned to promote the approach at a global level. It provided technical support, including international marketing expertise, to projects in Ghana, Nepal, Peru, and Senegal; and advocated and developed tools for the effective replication of the handwashing partnership approach. Several publications, brochures, marketing material, and a website have been produced as a result of this project. Improving Policy and Business Environments for Small-Scale Private Service Providers - Water Supply (#011): The project's objective was to stimulate increased coverage and improved delivery of water supply, sanitation and related urban infrastructure services to the poor by optimizing the performance of small-scale independent providers, including facilitating their entry into the market, increasing their efficiency and incorporating them into development planning. A workshop in Asuncion, Paraguay in December 2005 brought together representatives of utilities, regulators and SPSPs in 11 countries where research under this activity was conducted. A synthesis paper on small- scale private service providers will be published in the fall. State of the art hygiene and sanitation promotion component design of large scale rural WSS programs (#020): The project aimed to reduce the disease burden due to waterborne and water- related illnesses by strengthening the hygiene and sanitation components in large-scale World Bank assisted RWSS projects. Case studies on how to design and implement effective hygiene and sanitation promotion campaigns for large scale rural water supply and sanitation projects were carried out in Uzbekistan, Sri Lanka and Ethiopia. In all of these countries the project prepared a strategy for hygiene education and sanitation promotion based on current global learning and best practice and support for the design and supervision of the implementation of hygiene instruments in rural WSS projects. These consultancy reports were published. Modes of engagement with public sector WSS in developing countries (#033): The objective of this project was to analyze well-functioning models of public sector service provision while moving away from "one size fits all" and "best practice" approaches to one of "best fit" given the unique circumstances surrounding a given utility. Lessons from best practice examples were identified, and based on those lessons, a public sector reform agenda for the water sector was proposed. A workshop was held in London in August 2004 in conjunction with WaterAid to discuss the initial findings of the project. A final report entitled Characteristics of Well-Performing Public Water Utilities was published as WSS Working Notes, No. 9, May 2006. Town Water Supply and Sanitation Initiative (#043): The project's aim was to understand, document, and develop management models for water supply services in small towns in developing 4 countries. In a larger context, the objective was to support sector dialogue with client countries in setting out the institutional arrangements needed to provide sustainable water supply services to small towns. The report Models of Aggregation for Water and Sanitation Provision was published as WSS Working Note no.1. A synthesis report and a series of guidelines for business planning in towns will be published in the fall. Distributional Impact of Utilities Subsidies (#055): The objective of the activity was to synthesize and perform an analysis of the results of the recent (1997-2002) empirical literature on the distributional impact of infrastructure subsidies, and present and disseminate them in a format that is interesting and accessible to policy makers. The analysis carried out under this project was published into a book Water, Electricity and the Poor: Who benefits from Utility Subsidies? World Bank. 2005. The activity has also been supporting the implementation of the new World Bank approach on cost recovery and is expected to inform design and sequencing of subsidy schemes. Market Development for Private Water Utility Management in the ECA Region(#057): The aim of the activity was to initiate better access to WSS services for the poor through outsourcing, management contracts, or lease contracts in the Europe and Central Asia region. Among the outputs of this was activity was a Market Development Study, Strategies for International ­ Private Sector Inputs in the Water Utility Management Markets of Eastern-Central Europe and Central Asia. May 2005. C. Schmandt and Forch Zurich. Does Community Involvement Improve Performance of Water Supply Projects? Evidence from the Philippines(#064): The activity aimed to explore the effectiveness of community involvement in increasing the demand responsiveness of water supply projects and the dynamics of decision-making in resource-scarce households regarding whether or not to connect to the piped water system. It was found that community involvement had a positive impact on the individual decision to connect to water supply projects. Besides community involvement, factors that influenced the decision to connect were household incomes, presence of extended families, education and age. In addition, the decision to connect did not necessarily mean an increase in consumption of water from the connections due mainly to high tariffs. A consultancy report was produced. Potential for Domestic Private Sector Participation in Water Supply Service Delivery in the Europe and Central Asia Region (#077): The aim of the activity was to initiate improved access to water supply and sanitation services for the poor in the Europe and Central Asia region through outsourcing, management, lease, or concession contracts to domestic players, which were seen as the first steps in defining tools to develop the WSS market. A regional workshop on municipal water services in the Europe and Central Asia region was held in Vienna, July 2-3, 2003. The workshop presented the results and methodology of a market development study, Domestic Perspectives on Water Utility Management, conducted in ECA. A two-day conference in Moscow on September 20-21, 2004 was also held, focusing on "domestic" private sector participation in the water supply and sanitation sector. The purpose of the conference was to assess the actual and potential (future) role of domestic private sector companies, in order to better understand opportunities that might exist for ECA governments, IFIs and donors in co-operating with these new actors in the water market. 5 Consumer Cooperatives: An Alternative Institutional Model for Delivery of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Services? (#081): The work carried out in connection with this project included a literature review and identification of well functioning consumer co-operatives in selected non-WSS sectors and an assessment of WSS cooperatives as a model for service delivery in WSS. The case of SAGUAPAC ­ a successful urban WSS cooperative in Bolivia ­ was studied to draw lessons on the reasons for its success. The results were published as a working note: Consumer Cooperatives: An Alternative Institutional Model for Delivery of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Services? was published as WSS Working Notes, Note No. 5. Scaling Up Bank Action in Sanitation and Hygiene for the Poor (#089): The general objectives of this project was to increase the portfolio of World Bank investment and activity in sanitation and hygiene; improve the quality of the World Bank's investments in sanitation and hygiene; and build the long-term capacity of the World Bank and its clients in sanitation and hygiene. Activities under the project included innovative expert support to World Bank operations in sanitation and hygiene, (including piloting of field support in 24 countries for 28 projects) and preparation and dissemination of guidance in innovative approaches to sanitation and hygiene, drawing on both existing documentation of innovation in sanitation and hygiene, and the experience gained during the course of this project. A working note has been published, Sanitation and Sanitation and Hygiene at the World Bank: An Analysis of current activities was published as WSS Working Note No 6. Several consultancy reports also have been published. WSS Regulation (#090): The projects aimed at identifying, through case studies, the key practical issues facing WSS policy makers and regulators and the potential impacts of regulatory decisions on investment and private participation as well as provide guidance which can assist WSS policy makers and regulators in improving the predictability and consistency of regulation. The outputs of this project include Taking account of the poor in Water Sector Regulation. Sophie Trémolet and Catherine Hunt, Water Supply and Sanitation Working Note No. 11, August 2006 and Regulation of water and sanitation services: getting better service to poor people, Sophie Trémolet and Jonathan Halpern, OBA Working Paper No. 8. This project is co-financed by PPIAF and several other outputs under this joint project will be published in the fall. Preliminary Restructuring of Business Units for WSS Service Provision in Urban Paraguay (#094): The objective of this proposal was to assist ESSAP (Company of Sanitary Services of Paraguay) on its overall institutional assessment in order to determine the best approach for its transformation. The diagnosis of the situation led to the identification of major strengths and weaknesses in the organization and determined the different ways in which areas of the company could be transformed in order to provide urban population efficient and sustainable services. A consultancy reports was produced. Extending the reach of well-functioning autonomous public water utilities (#095): The activity aimed at developing a public-public performance-based agreement to operate and provide capacity building to the Water Supply Authority of Seam Reap for a limited period of time and initiating a new autonomous government-owned operating company to assume operations. Under this activity, a draft contract was prepared in close consultation with the Department of Potable Water of the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy and Phnom Penn Water Supply Authority that included but not limited to: (a) the responsibilities of each party including performance targets; (b) remuneration; 6 (c) a small and realistic set of indicators; (d) reporting requirements; (e) realistic sanctions for (not) complying with performance targets. BNWP Dissemination and Learning (#096): The objective of this activity was to leverage the new lessons learned via BNWP projects and activities in a systematic way by translating them into dissemination and training materials for capacity building. Under this activity, a revised BNWP website was created as a depository of all projects and outputs. A number of learning events were organized to pilot the training materials, including the first edition of a 4 module course on urban WSS reform. Dissemination of Findings on the Distributional Impact of Utilities Subsidies (#097): The activity aimed to leverage the lessons learned in targeting water supply and sanitation subsidies to the poor by translating them into dissemination materials accessible to practitioners and policy makers. The activity included the preparation of two short papers for publication, The Distributional Incidence of Residential Water and Electricity Subsidies, Kristin Komives, Jonathan Halpern, Vivien Foster and Quentin Wodon, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3878, April 2006 and one forthcoming to be published in an academic journal. The activity also funded the translation of the subsidy book launch and translation in Spanish; and the creation of a web-based utility subsidies reference library, which provides users with easy access to country case studies, cross regional policy research, data sets, and analytical methods relevant to assessing the poverty impact of different types of water and sanitation subsidy instruments and programs. Efficiency of Public Sector Regulation in Latin America and the Caribbean (#101): The activity was a program of work that aimed to provide users (regulators, policy makers, such as Ministry of Finance officials, users' group, as well as Bank staff) with a combination of instruments to be able to benchmark the performance of utilities and promote yardstick competition. Data on utilities were collected in Mexico and Colombia. The collected data were added to the International Benchmarking Network database. 3.3 EVENTS During the period, the BNWP sponsored or provided input to the following events: · Movie Premiere: Rural Water Supply and Sanitation and Budget Support, February 28. This video gave an introduction on how to include rural WSS into budget support. Budget support operations channel funds to national budgets and engage with fundamental policy reforms. In countries where governments and donors have recognized its potential, budget support represents a unique opportunity to scale up the fight against poverty and work towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets. The movie was produced under BNWP activity #093: Rolling Out Budget Support Guidelines. · GDLN with WaterAid on Water Consumption Subsidies. April 26. Topics that were presented and discussed include the prevalence of consumer subsidies, a typology of the many variants found in the developing world, and indicators useful in assessing the degree to which such subsidies benefit the poor. The session focused on three key concepts: 7 beneficiary incidence, benefit incidence, and materiality. The event was mainly funded by the World Bank Institute but the event was organized under BNWP Activity #097: Dissemination of Findings on the Distributional Impact of Utilities Subsidies. · A series of internal WB learning and knowledge exchange events were held as part of BNWP project #096: Dissemination and Learning. 3.4 PUBLICATIONS Publications from projects and activities included: · The book Approaches to Private Participation in Water Services: A Toolkit was published as a final output of BNWP activity #059: Updating the Toolkit for Public Private Partnership in the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector .This toolkit aims to aid government in developing countries that are interested in private participation in water supply and sanitation by illustrating options for the design of policies that facilitate the delivery of good quality WSS services to the poor. · Consumer Cooperatives: An Alternative Institutional Model for Delivery of Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Services?, Water Supply & Sanitation Working Note No.5, by Fernando Ruiz- Mier and Meike van Ginneken was published as an output of BNWP activity #081. The paper describes the essential characteristics of consumer cooperatives engaged in the provision of basic services and discusses their applicability as a model for water supply and sanitation service provision in urban areas. · Unpackaging Demand for Water Service Quality : Evidence from Conjoint Surveys in Sri Lanka, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3817, by Jui-Chen Yang, Subhrendu K. Pattanayak, F. Reed Jonson et al was published as an output of BNWP project #005: Pro-poor Transaction Design: Upstream Work for Private Sector Participation and Reform Project. This paper presents the results of a survey evaluating the factors that drive customer demand for alternative water supply and sanitation services in Sri Lanka. · The Use of Willingness to Pay Experiments: Estimating Demand for Piped Water Connections in Sri Lanka, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3818, by Jui-Chen Yang, and George Van Houtven was also published as an output of BNWP project #005: Pro-poor Transaction Design: Upstream Work for Private Sector Participation and Reform Project. This paper shows how willingness to pay surveys can be used to gauge household demand for improved network water and sanitation services when a private sector transaction is considered. · Water, Electricity and the Poor: Who benefits from utility subsidies?, by Kristin Komives, Jonathan Halpern et al. April 2006 was published as an output for BNWP activity #055. Subsidies to residential utility customers are popular among policymakers, utility managers, and utility customers alike, but they are nonetheless the subject of much controversy. Both the affordability and redistributive arguments for subsidies are based on the presumption that poor households benefit disproportionately from water and electricity subsidies that target the poor. 8 · Poverty Dimensions of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Southwest Sri Lanka. WSS Sector Board Working Note, Paper No.8, by Subhrendu K. Pattanayak, Jui-Chen Yang et al, February 2006, was published as an output of BNWP project #005: Pro-poor Transaction Design: Upstream Work for Private Sector Participation and Reform Project . This paper illustrates the types of information generated by household and community surveys for the purposes of establishing baselines. It provides a detailed analysis of the poor and water connections, household willingness-to-pay for improved services, and distribution of water sector subsidies. · Explanatory Notes on Key Topics in the Regulation of Water and Sanitation Services.Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Board Discussion Paper Series, Paper No. 6, June 2006 was published under activity #090: WSS Regulation. The notes provide an integrated view of regulatory functions and the principles and practice underlying the design of regulatory systems in the water supply and sanitation (WSS) sector. Additionally, it provides a brief analysis of consistent approaches to resetting tariffs for WSS services. · Taking Account of the Poor in Water Sector Regulation.Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Board Working Note, Paper No. 11, August 2006. This note was also published under activity #090: WSS Regulation. It seeks to provide practical guidance on how regulatory frameworks can be designed and implemented in a way that is more conducive to expanding access and improving service to poor customers. · Characteristics of Well Performing Public Water Utilities. Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Board Working Note, Paper No. 9, May 2006. This report, funded by project #033: Modes of Engagement with Public Sector Water Supply and Sanitation in Developing Countries, focuses on attributes of well run public utilities and identifies important factors that influence their performance. It proposes a framework of assessing public utility governance: accountability, autonomy, customer orientation and market orientation. The report aims to provide a better understanding of how the external environment influences the performance of public sector utilities in developing countries. · Unpackaging Demand for Water Service Quality: Evidence from Conjoint Surveys in Sri Lanka. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3817, January 2006 by Jui-Chen Yang, Subhrendu K. Pattanayak, F. Reed Jonson Carol Mansfield, Caroline van den Berg and Kelly Jones. This report was one of the outputs of project #005: Pro-poor Transaction Design: Upstream Work for Private Sector Participation and Reform. This paper describes the results of a conjoint survey evaluating the factors that drive customer demand for alternative water supply and sanitation services in Sri Lanka. It demonstrates how conjoint surveys can be used to un-package household demand for attributes of urban services and improve the design of infrastructure policies. It also presents conjoint surveys as a tool for field experiments and source of valuable empirical data. · The Distributional Incidence of Residential Water and Electricity Subsidies. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 3878, April 2006. Kristin Komives, Jonathan Halpern, Vivien Foster and Quentin Wodon. This paper was published under activity #097: Dissemination of Findings on the Distributional Impact of Utilities Subsidies. The report examines arguments in favor of subsidies in light of serious concerns about their adverse effects on consumer behavior, utility operations, and the financial health of utilities. Both the affordability and redistributive 9 arguments for subsidies are based on the presumption that poor households benefit disproportionately from water and electricity subsidies, that they are well-targeted to the poor. This article tests this assumption by examining the extent to which the poor benefit from consumption and connection subsidies for water and electricity services. The authors' analysis of a wide range of subsidy models from around the developing world shows that the most common form of utility subsidy ­ quantity-based subsidies delivered through the tariff structure­ are highly regressive. 4. OVERVIEW OF PRESENT PORTFOLIO As of January 1, 2006, the total budget of BNWP of USD 8.4 million was allocated to projects and activities that have been approved by (the chair of) the Sector Board as well as management cost of BNWP. Activity and project disbursements and commitments were monitored closely throughout the reporting period, and budget adjustments and reallocations were made on a running basis to ensure full and timely disbursement of the BNWP-WSS funds. The approved budget of USD 8.4 million leverages co-financing of USD 6.2 million from other funding sources. Figure 1: Planned and actual disbursement per semester $1,600,000 $1,400,000 $1,200,000 $1,000,000 Planned $800,000 Actual $600,000 $400,000 $200,000 $- 2002-I 2002-II 2003-I 2003-II 2004-I 2004-II 2005-I 2005-II 2006-I 10 Figure 2: Breakdown of portfolio per window Figure 3: Breakdown of portfolio per region BNWP Portfolio: Regions BNWP Portfolio: Windows Global Rural WSS Africa Urban WSS East Asia & Pacific Europe & Central Asia Financing Systems Latin America & Caribbean Sanitation and Hygiene Middle East & N. Africa Capacity-Building South Asia The focus of the present portfolio is summarized in figures 2 and 3 (above). The majority of the portfolio is global or located in Africa or South Asia. This is in line with the needs for the Millennium Development Goals. BNWP-WSS sponsored initiatives are predominantly located within the rural WSS, urban WSS, and sanitation and hygiene windows. 5. FINANCIAL AND PROGRESS REPORT Table 1 gives a specification of accumulated progress as well as disbursement per window. Total disbursements for the period January 1 ­ June 30, 2006, reached USD 990,941. This constitutes 94% of the planned disbursement for the second semester of 2005. As BNWP-WSS Phase I came to a close on June 30, 2006, total disbursements reached USD 8.33 million. The outputs achieved in the second semester of 2005 amount to 100% of the targets set for the semester. This number represents a weighted average of the individual project achievements, as specified in the annex. All five windows performed largely as anticipated. 11 Table 1: Progress and disbursements per window. Window Performance* Semi-Annual Disbursements (% of target) Budget (USD) USD % of budget WSS in rural areas and small towns 100% 254,474 237,516 93% Reform of urban WSS 100% 320,730 306,738 96% Dev. of sustainable financing systems 100% 11,790 11,253 95% Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion 100% 370,400 337,558 91% Capacity-building 100% 65,994 67,336 102% Program coordination N/A 35,000 30,539 87% Grand Total 100% 1,058,388 990,941 94% * This number represents a weighted average of the individual project achievements, as specified in the annex. 6. PLANS FOR THE NEXT SIX MONTHS The BNWP-WSS program ended on June 30, 2006. The upcoming six-month period will focus on the financial and administrative closure of BNWP-WSS Phase I and preparations for the program's second phase. 12 ANNEX A: OVERVIEW PER PROJECT OR ACTIVITY Title Short description Approved Windows Current status Project period Semi-Annual # budget1 performance2 (USD) 005 Pro-poor transaction design; Upstream Ensuring that urban water sector reforms involving 708,648 Urban WSS Closed Nov 02 ­ Dec 05 100% work for private sector participation the private sector are more effective at increasing and reform access and service quality for poor consumers 006 PPP in urban WSS: building capacity Addressing the role of civil society in public private 153,063 Urban WSS Closed Nov 02 ­ Nov 04 N/A for civil society engagement partnership transactions and build capacity of key Capacity building civil society groups, and policy makers to engage positively in the reform process 007 Follow up support to communities after Identifying the types of follow-up support to 556,447 Rural WSS Closed Nov 02 ­Jan 06 100% construction of rural WSS facilities communities after the construction of rural water and sanitation Facilities that are needed to enable sustainability 008 Public private partnership to promote Promoting partnership between the soap industry, 812,781 Hygiene & Closed Jun 02 ­ Jan 06 100% handwashing with soap public agencies and NGOs to provide soap and sanitation promote handwashing with soap to decrease diarrhoeal diseases 011 Improving Policy and Business Enhancing the global understanding of small scale 397,855 Rural WSS Closed Dec 04 ­ Jan 06 100% Environments for Small-Scale Private providers, their importance in the water supply and Urban WSS Service Providers - Water Supply sanitation sector, and the impact of the policy and business environments within which they operate. 012 Trends in the Desalination Market in Improving the understanding among Bank staff and 430,444 Urban WSS Closed Jun 02 ­ Dec 04 N/A the Middle East and Central Asia clients in the Middle East and Central Asia of recent developments in the desalination industry 015 Consultation workshop with African Organizing a three day high-level seminar of 40,567 Urban WSS Closed Feb 02- Jun 02 N/A water operators in Dakar African water policy decision makers to develop a roadmap on how to improve capacity of water ministries in implementing sector reform 020 State of the art hygiene and sanitation Supporting the implementation of effective 415,918 Rural WSS Closed Jun 02 ­ Jan 06 100% promotion component design of large instruments for improving hygiene and sanitation Hygiene & scale RWSS programs behaviors in rural communities in the context of Sanitation large-scale rural water supply and sanitation projects 021 Addis Ababa International Conference Organizing a conference to take stock of the 20,195 Rural WSS Closed Apr 02 ­ Jan 03 N/A "Water Supply and Sanitation Services lessons learned on water supply and sanitation in Urban WSS in Small Towns and Multi-Village small towns and to launch the new BWNPP small Schemes" town initiative 026 Scaling up sustainable rural water Characterizing the necessary supporting 43,962 Rural WSS Closed Feb 02 ­Jan 03 N/A supply services environment for successful scaling up of sustainable rural water supply services, such as demand response approaches 1Approved budget = initial approved and adjusted budget. 2Semi-annual performance = Progress achieved on key activity/project outputs expressed as a percentage of planned progress on these outputs. 13 Title Short description Approved Windows Current status Project period Semi-Annual # budget performance (USD) 033 Modes of engagement with public Developing better performing public sector water 456,626 Urban WSS Closed Jun 02 ­ Jan 06 100% sector WSS in developing countries utilities in developing countries.- identifying, Capacity building categorizing and analyzing various international models for public sector water service provision 042 Toolkit for Rural Water and Sanitation Providing task teams with guidelines and tools for 46,842 Rural WSS Closed Mar 02 ­Sep 02 N/A Components in Multi-Sector Projects designing, implementing, and monitoring & evaluating RWS components in multi-sectoral projects 043 Town Water Supply and Sanitation Building appropriate models for service provision 1,003,148 Rural WSS Closed Jun 02 ­ Jan 06 100% Initiative for town water supplies, by identifying, assessing Urban WSS and market testing professional support options for town water supply, and by investigating ways to aggregate towns 050 Evaluation of Pro-Poor Subsidies for Assessing the effectiveness of the subsidy 51,040 Financing systems Closed May 02 ­ Sep 04 N/A Urban Water Services in West-Africa schemes used in Senegal and Ivory Coast in providing piped water supply to the poor 051 Developing a Flowchart for Providing support to the Argentina's Renegotiations 50,000 Financing systems Closed May 02 ­ Sep 05 N/A Renegotiations: Assistance to Commission in defining the renegotiation process, Urban WSS Argentina's Concession Contract and renegotiation policies and strategy, and Renegotiations Commission developing a flowchart on renegotiation that can be applied in other countries 052 Franchising in Water Supply and Investigating the potential of franchising as a 54,776 Rural WSS Closed Jun 02 ­ Aug 04 N/A Sanitation means of providing water and sanitation services in Urban WSS small and medium sized towns and in marginal urban areas 053 Good Governance to Improve Water Developing a methodology to assess governance 18,326 Urban WSS Closed Mar 03 ­ Jun 05 N/A Supply and Sanitation Services for the regimes in urban water supply and sanitation sector Poor 054 Development of an African Sanitation Assessing the state of sanitation and hygiene in 44,145 Hygiene & Closed Jun 02 ­ Aug 03 N/A and Hygiene Strategy (phase I) Africa, sharing experiences and lessons learned by Sanitation people and organizations working in this field, and raising the profile of sanitation and hygiene in Africa 055 Distributional Impact of Utilities Editing and publication of a book synthesizing 50,000 Financing systems Closed Apr 03 ­ Jan 06 100% Subsidies recent empirical research on the distributional impact of utilities subsidies. 057 Market Development for Private Water Assessing the possibilities of how to increase the 50,000 Urban WSS Closed Mar 30 ­ Jan 06 100% Utility Management in the ECA Region number of players in the market, risks for the private sector and consumers 059 Updating the toolkit for Public Private Updating the toolkit for PPP in the water sector to 47,191 Urban WSS Closed Mar 03 ­ Dec 05 N/A Partnership in the water supply and include new development and increase focus on sanitation sector "pro-poor" design issues, small scale providers, and the use of output-based aid. 14 Title Short description Approved Windows Current status Project period Semi-Annual # budget performance (USD) Improving efficiency and competition Disseminating and tailoring the PSP Toolkit to the of WSS provision in medium and small legal, regulatory and social situation of W&S at 060 municipalities in Brazil municipal level in Brazil 24,785 Urban WSS Closed May 02 ­ Aug 04 N/A Developing a framework to assess the flow of Assessing Resource Flows for Water resources for WSS and their link to sector reforms. Supply and Sanitation within a PRSP The framework will be developed in Ethiopia and 061 Framework generalized for use elsewhere. 48,449 Financing systems Closed Sep 02 ­ May 04 N/A Producing a flexible framework to help project officers and regulatory agencies to develop Methodology of Baseline Analysis of appropriate and cost-effective baselines for water 48,875 062 Water Distribution Performance utility performance Financing systems Closed Sep02 ­Feb 05 N/A Looking into the household decisions to connect to Does Community Involvement Improve the piped water system and an evaluating of the Performance of Water Supply effectiveness of community/ user involvement in Projects? Evidence from the the design of water supply initiatives in the 064 Philippines Philippines 46,750 Capacity building Closed Sep02 ­ Oct 05 N/A Developing an action plan for sanitation in Indonesia, including assessment of existing 50,842 Hygiene & 066 Sanitation Sector Study for Indonesia situation and evaluation of existing incentives Sanitation Closed Nov 02 ­ Jun 05 N/A Developing a more generic dynamic financial Development of a Tool for Regulatory model that can be utilized more generically and can Oversight of Water Utilities: A Cash serve as an important analytical tool for policy 071 Flow Equilibrium Model (CFEM) makers as well as professionals. 25,000 Financing systems Closed Sep 02 ­ Mar 05 N/A Improving Policy and Business Enhancing the global understanding of SSPs, their Environments for Small Scale importance in the water supply and sanitation Providers of Water Supply and sector, and the impact of the policy and business Urban WSS 074 Sanitation Services environments in which they operate 50,508 Financing systems Closed Dec 02 ­ Sep 05 N/A Potential for Domestic Private Sector Exploring innovative methods for increasing private Participation in Water Supply Service management of water supply and sanitation utilities Rural WSS Delivery in the Europe and Central that may open the domestic market for local Urban WSS 077 Asia Region players 50,000 Financing systems Closed Jun 03 ­ Jan 06 100% Assessing the social dimensions of the WSS Pro-Poor Design of Water and services in Mauritius in order to address the Sanitation Private Sector Participation specific needs of the poor in the design of a PSP 078 Transaction in Mauritius option. 8,360 Urban WSS Closed Sep 03 ­ July 05 N/A Comparative Review of Risk Mitigation Instruments and Design of a Enhancing water supply and sanitation service Framework for Financing Pro-Poor delivery by strengthening the use of risk mitigation Water Investments and Sub-Sovereign instruments and facilitating lending to municipal 080 Governments governments. 50,500 Financing systems Closed Jun 03 ­ July 05 N/A 15 Title Short description Approved Windows Current status Project period Semi-Annual # budget performance (USD) Consumer Cooperatives: An Alternative Institutional Model for Identifying and assessing consumer cooperatives Delivery of Urban Water Supply and in various sectors, with particular emphasis on the 081 Sanitation Services? Bolivian experience in the WSS sector. 23,000 Urban WSS Closed Jul 03 ­ Jan 06 100% Public Reporting by Water Supply and Reviewing existing experience in, and developing a Sanitation Utilities on Consumer- framework for, consumer-oriented performance 083 Oriented Issues reporting for the water sector. 25,650 Urban WSS Closed Oct 03 ­ July 05 N/A Study Tour from Lima Water Utility (SEDAPAL) to Brazil on Peri-Urban South-south knowledge exchange to facilitate Condominal Water and Sewerage sector reform and improve access to WSS services 084 Systems among the poor in Peru. 47,355 Capacity-Building Closed Oct 03 ­ July 05 N/A Investigating the potential of franchising as a Franchising in Water Supply and means of providing water and sanitation services in Sanitation -- Phase 2: Large Urban large urban settlements, using Lagos, Nigeria as an 36,985 Urban WSS 085 Settlements illustration. Capacity-Building Closed Oct 03 ­ June 05 N/A Identifying supporting resources for the rural water Guidelines for designing RWSS supply and sanitation component in SWAps and in Rural WSS 086 programs in the context of PRSCs PRSCs and other budget support mechanisms 70,172 Financing systems Closed Aug 04 ­ Dec 05 100% Developing Public Expenditure Adapting PET surveys to the WSS sector to Tracking Surveys for the Water and develop a deeper understanding of the poor link 088 Sanitation Sector between public expenditure and service delivery. 8,800 Financing systems Stopped Jan 05 ­ Dec 05 N/A Supporting operational staff in expanding and Scaling Up Bank Action in Sanitation improving the quality of hygiene and sanitation Hygiene & Dec 04 ­ March 089 and Hygiene for the Poor services. 746,220 Sanitation Closed 06 100% Assessing alternative regulatory "rules" and Urban WSS 090 WSS Regulation processes governing provision of WSS services. 194,598 Closed Dec 04 ­ Jan 06 100% Providing targeted support to pipeline and ongoing multi-sector projects with water and sanitation Rural WSS RWSS Toolkit Application in Multi- components through the application of the toolkit in Hygiene & 092 Sector Teams tandem with specialized assistance. 40,667 Sanitation Closed Nov 04 ­ Nov 05 N/A Rolling out the guidelines for designing RWSS Rural WSS 093 Rolling Out Budget Support Guidelines programs in the context of PRSCs. 49,888 Closed July 05 ­ Dec 05 N/A Assisting ESSAP (Company of Sanitary Services of Preliminary Restructuring of Business Paraguay) on its overall institutional assessment Units for WSS Service Provision in with an aim to determine the best approach for its 094 Urban Paraguay transformation. 49,791 Urban WSS Closed Jul 05 ­ Jan 06 100% Extending the reach of well-functioning Contracting Phnom Penn Water Supply Authority to 095 autonomous public water utilities operate the WSS system in Seam Reap 30,449 Urban WSS Closed Jul 05 ­ Jan 06 100% Leveraging the new lessons learned via BNWP projects and activities by translating them into dissemination material and training materials for 096 BNWP Dissemination and Learning capacity building. 25,000 Capacity-building Closed Jul 05 ­ Feb 05 100% Dissemination of Findings on the Launching and translating the recently published Distributional Impact of Utilities book on the distributional impact of utilities Capacity-building 097 Subsidies subsidies. 24,513 Urban WSS Closed Aug 05 ­ Jan 06 100% Efficiency of Public Sector Regulation 101 in LAC Enabling utility benchmarking in LAC 13,167 Urban WSS Closed Oct 05 ­ Jan 06 100% 16