E4157 v11 REPÚBLICA DE MOÇAMBIQUE Ministério das Obras Públicas e Habitação WATER SUPPLY AND INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Identification of the Project: P0104566 COWI Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Contact of the Proponent Fundo de Investimento e Património do Abastecimento de �gua (FIPAG) Avenida Felipe Samuel Magaia, Nº 1291 Maputo, Moçambique Tel: +258 21308840 / 308815 Fax: +258 21 308881 www.fipag.co.mz Contact of the Consultants In order to ensure the environmental sustainability of the activities in this Project, FIPAG selected through a public tender FICHTNER in partnership with COWI (Mozambique) as consultants to conduct the Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme within the Water Supply and Institutional Support Project. COWI (Mozambique) FICHTNER Av. Zedequias Manganhela, N. 95 Sarweystraße 3 � 70191 Stuttgart 1.º Andar Postfach 10 14 54 � 70013 Stuttgart Maputo-Cidade, Moçambique Tel.: 0711 8995-418 (Dr. Miller) Tel.: +258 21 358 351 Fax: 0711 8995-459 Fax: +258 21 307 369 Werner.Miller@Fichtner.de Cellular phone: 82 315 1190/82 311 6530 www.fichtner.de Direct contact: Direct contact: Yara Barreto (Team Leader) Dr Hans G. Back (Project Manager) Tel.: +258 82 20 50 0749 Tel: +258 82 66 85 002 E-Mail: yaba@cowi.co.mz E-Mail: h.back@gefaoe.de Rev No. Rev-date Contents /amendments Prepared/revised Checked/released 0 23.11.2012 Draft Report submitted for comments Team Members Barreto/Back Final Draft following comments of FIPAG and 1 15.12.2012 Barreto, Back Barreto/Back WorldBank Final following the public participation 2 29. 01. 2013 Barreto, Back Barreto, Back meetings and comments of FIPAG Final following additional WorldBank 3 14.03. 2013 Barreto, Back Barreto, Back comments Duration: from February 2012 to March 2013 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER i Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A The whole set of Environmental Impact Reports contains the following volumes: Vol. 1: Non-Technical Summary (NTS) Vol. 2: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Vol. 3: Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Vol. 4: Bio-Physical Specialized Study Vol. 5: Socio-Economic Specialized Study Vol. 6: Health and Safety Specialized Study Vol. 7: Surface Water Specialized Study Vol. 8: Public Participation Process Report Vol. 9: Resettlement Plan 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER ii Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Table of Contents 1. Introduction 9 2. Applicable Legislation 11 2.1 Institutional Framework 11 2.1.1 Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs 11 2.1.2 Ministry of Public Works and Housing 12 2.1.3 Ministry of Agriculture 12 2.1.4 Ministry of Health 13 2.1.5 FIPAG 14 2.2 Key National Strategies and Programmes 15 2.2.1 Millennium Development Goals 15 2.2.2 National Policies 17 2.2.3 Strategies 18 2.3 Key National Legislation 23 2.4 International Standards and Agreements 33 2.4.1 Key Agreements and Conventions 33 2.4.2 World Health Organization Guidelines 37 2.4.3 IFC Guidelines 38 2.4.4 World Bank Safeguard Policies 44 2.4.5 Guidelines of the World Commission on Dams 45 3. Project Description 47 4. Principles of Environmental and Social Management Plans 49 5. Institutional Requirements and Responsibilities 50 5.1 Responsibilities of MICOA 52 5.2 Responsibility of FIPAG 52 5.3 Responsibility of the Construction Contractor 53 5.4 Responsibilities of the Resident Engineer (ER) 55 5.5 Responsibilities of the External HSE Auditor 56 5.6 Responsibilities of the Operator 57 6. Management Measures 58 6.1 Design/Pre-Construction Phase 60 6.2 Construction Phase 72 6.3 Operation/Maintenance Phase 107 6.4 Decommissioning Phase 123 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER iii Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 7. Monitoring Plan 144 8. Penalties 147 9. Documentation 148 10. Emergency and Preparedness Plan 151 10.1 Roles and Responsibilities 152 10.2 Emergency Areas 152 10.3 Communication Systems 153 10.3.1 Worker notification and communication 153 10.3.2 Media and Public Relations 153 10.4 Emergency Response Procedures 154 10.5 Emergency Resources 155 10.5.1 Finance and Emergency Funds 155 10.5.2 Fire Services 156 10.5.3 Medical Services 156 10.5.4 Availability of Resources 156 10.5.5 Mutual Aid 156 10.5.6 Contact List 157 10.6 Training and Updating 157 10.7 Business Continuity and Contingency 157 11. Environmental Education Program 159 12. Overall Costs of Environmental and Social Management Plan 161 13. Conclusions and Recommendations 164 Annexes 169 Annex I: Main Requirements for the Sludge Storage Site following the EU Directive 99/31 169 Annex II: Possible template for inspection/monitoring/ auditing of implementation of the management measures 171 List of Figures Figure 2-1: Institutional Framework of the water section [Source: www.cra.org.mz ] ..................... 12 Figure 3-1: Location of the Project in Maputo Province .................................................................. 48 Figure 5-1: Flow gram for the implementation of the ESMP (Source: FIPAG, 2003) ..................... 50 Figure 6-1: Reporting requirements during construction phase ...................................................... 59 List of Tables Table 2-2: Key Agreements and Conventions ................................................................................. 33 Table 2-3: IFC Environmental Noise Guidelines ............................................................................. 43 Table 7-1: Monitoring activities and annual costs .......................................................................... 144 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER iv Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Abbreviations AdeM �guas da Região de Maputo – �guas de Moçambique AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Ara-Sul Administração Regional de �guas – South BAT Best Available Technologies CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CBNRM Community Based Natural Resources Management CC Construction Contractor CFC Chlorofluorocarbon COBA Consultores de Engenharia e Ambiente, S.A., Portugal COI Corridor of Impact DHS Demographic Health Survey DNAIA Directorate for Environmental Impact Assessment DP Displaced Person DPA Provincial Directorate of Agriculture DWTP Drinking Water Treatment Plant EFO Environmental Field Officer EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EL Environmental License EN European Standard (Normative) ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan EPDA Environmental Pre-Feasibility and Scoping Study FIPAG Water Supply Investment and Assets Fund (Fundo de Investimento e Património do Abastecimento de �gua) GIS Geographical Information System GMO Genetically Modified Organism GNP Gross National Product GoM Government of Mozambique HAZID Hazard Identification Study HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus HPD Hearing Protecting Devices HS Health & Safety HSE Health, Safety & Environment HSEMS Health, Safety & Environment Management System HSO Health & Safety Officer I&AP Interested and Affected People IFC International Finance Corporation INE National statistics Bureau INSIDA National AIDS Survey 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER v Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A IFC International Finance Corporation ILO International Labour Organization ISO International Organization for Standardization IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature LEAV Lower Exposure Action Value MDGs Millennium Development Goals MICOA Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs MICS Multiple Indicators Survey MINAG Ministry of Agriculture MoH Ministry of Health MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan NGO Non-Governmental Organisation No Number NTS Non-Technical Summary NWDP National Water Development Project OHSAS Occupational Health- and Safety Assessment Series PAC Powdered Activated Carbon PAP Project Affected People PARP Action Plan for the Reduction of Poverty PEN Plano Estratégico Nacional de Combate às DTS/HIV/SIDA (Strategic National Plan for Fighting HIV/AIDS) PES Economic and Social Plan POP Persistent Organic Pollutants PPE Personal Protection Equipment PPP Public Participation Process PS Performance Standard QA Quality Assurance QC Quality Control RAP Resettlement Action Plan RoW Right of Way SADC Southern African Development Community SCBA Self Contained Breathing Apparatus SIA Social Impact Assessment SMP Social Management Plan STI Sexual Transmitted Disease ToR Terms of Reference UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization USAID United.States Agency for International Development UV Ultraviolet WASIS Water Sector Service and Institutional Support 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER vi Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A WHO World Health Organization WTP Water Treatment Plant List of Units dB(A) decibel(A) h hour ha hectar = 10,000 m³ km kilometre km³ cubic kilometre m meter m³ cubic meter m³/day cubic meter per day 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER vii Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Definitions Term Definition Environmental It is an instrument of preventive environmental management which Impact consists of identification and preliminary analysis, qualitative and Assessment quantitative, of the beneficial and harmful environmental effects of a proposed activity. (Constructor) The company that performs the works for the pre-construction and Contractor construction phase. Resident (local) A consultant (engineering company), which represents the owner of Engineer a project during the design, development, and construction to confirm that the work is well done and within legal standards. Environmental Is any change in the environment good or bad, especially with Impact effects on air, land, water and human health, resulting from human activity. Environment The combination of elements whose complex interrelationships determine configurations, the surroundings and conditions of life of individuals and society as they are or are experienced. Mitigation Set of measures to minimize or avoid adverse effects on the Measures biophysical and socio-economic environment. Monitoring It is regular and periodic measurement of environmental variables representing the evolution of the environmental impacts of the activity after the start of implementation and to document the changes that were caused, in order to verify the occurrence of the predicted impacts and the effectiveness of their mitigation measures. Environmental Monitors compliance with the ESMP during the construction phase Field Officer and advises the contractor on environmental matters concerning the construction. Health and Safety Monitors compliance with the ESMP during the construction phase Officer and advises the Contractor on health and safety matters concerning the construction. Operator The company which maintains the operating facilities. Environmental and Are the actions to be undertaken by the tenderer in order to manage Social the negative impacts and enhance the positive result of the Management Plan implementation of the proposed activity, elaborated under the EIA. PGA generated for Document prepared for FIPAG to provide guidance on a framework the Constructor for the development of National Water Development projects. Environmental The capacity of the dam to meet the demands of behavior regarding safety (dam) the limitation of harmful impacts to the environment, particularly with regard to water quality, silting of the reservoir developing downstream of bed, and change in groundwater levels, and environment, climate, historical, cultural and archeological heritage. Structural security The capacity of the dam to meet the requirements of structural (risk) behaviour towards actions and other influences associated with the construction and operation, and exceptional occurrences. HSE Supervisor Employee of the Resident (local) Engineer to supervise contractor’s activities in implementing the requirements stipulated in the ESMP. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER viii Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 1. Introduction The Greater Maputo Area is growing rapidly and neighbouring districts are getting more and more absorbed. This integration process will nearly triple the service area and in 2035 it will double the population that needs the water supply services, reaching a total of 4,000,000 inhabitants As a consequence, the water demand will considerably grow and will exceed the present water production capacity between 2016 and 2019 for the actually served areas. This fact requires the development of new sources for drinking water supply to Greater Maputo Area whereof the presented Project is one. The Project consists of water extraction, raw water transport to the water treatment plant, the water treatment and piping the clean water to Machava Distribution Center (see Chapter 3). The Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA) has classified this Project as a Category A activity, making it necessary to carry out an Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) (Categorization see Vol. 2) in which this Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) at hand is integrated. This ESMP is an instrument that will allow the Proponent to integrate environmental components to improve and expand the water supply system to the Greater Maputo Area. The document serves to identify and describe the principles, responsibilities and activities that must be implemented and managed more effectively, as well as the environmental aspects and impacts during the different phases of the project. Scope and Objectives of the ESMP The preparation of this ESMP is a requirement according to the regulations and directives on the EIA Process in Mozambique, as well as to the guidelines of international agencies, including the World Bank. The ESMP overall objectives ensure that the Project activities are developed, conducted and administered in an environmentally responsible way. The ESMP presented here aims specifically to establish practical procedures to mitigate the significant negative impacts, as well as to value the positive impacts identified during the ESIA process. It further aims at identifying actions, responsibilities and measures to monitor the impacts, including impacts on health and safety, in a way that ensures that the 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 9 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A activity is implemented in a sustainable manner, from both the environmental and the socioeconomic points of view. Because the construction works to this Project will be tendered in two packages, the ESMP has been split into two corresponding parts concerning the pre-construction and construction activities. The ESMP Part A is related to the construction of the raw water extraction facilities, the raw water pipeline to the water treatment plant and the construction of the water treatment plant. A second ESMP (Part B) deals with the construction of the clean water pipeline from the water treatment plant to the Machava Distribution Center including the installation of the control tanks. The split of the ESMP affects only the management measures (Chapter 6) to be applied during the pre-construction and construction activities. The measures to the operational phase are the same in both parts because there is only one operator for all installations. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 10 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 2. Applicable Legislation The purpose of this section is to present the legal frameworks at national and international development and environmental, that are applicable to the proposed project, including: legal instruments both international and national, the identification of international conventions ratified by the Government of Mozambique, as well as regional agreements among countries in southern Africa. 2.1 Institutional Framework The proposed project is covered by the regulation of Mozambique on the process of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Decree No. 45/2004 of September 29 combined with the Decree No. 42/2008 of November 4, while maintaining the other regulations and standards prevailing in the country and the regional and international standards applicable for such cases. 2.1.1 Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs The Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA) is the central organ of the state apparatus, in accordance with the principles, objectives and tasks set by the Council of Ministers, that directs the implementation of environmental policy, coordinates, advises, and controls encourages proper planning and use of natural resources of the country. Its Organizational Status was approved by the Resolution No. 16/2009, establishing its structure and physiological functions. The Ministerial Order No. 255/2009 determines the Internal Rules of MICOA. The Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA) direct the execution of the policy established by the government for the sector, namely:  Decide on the environmental impact studies related to the realization of socio-economic activities in the context of the development of projects in the sectors;  Decide on the technical quality of environmental impact assessments;  Conduct environmental audits and carry out activities due to legal procedures when there are offenses covered by the Environment Act;  Propose to the Council of Ministers policies for sustainable development of the country;  Disseminate and report regularly on the environmental situation of the country; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 11 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  Recommend to the government the creation of environmental incentives;  Decide, after consultation with the sectors of protection and research institutions, on the creation of areas of ecological value; and  Decide on the sustainability of development plans. 2.1.2 Ministry of Public Works and Housing Ministerial Diploma No. 217/98 of December 23 sets out the objectives, functions and powers of the Ministry of Public Works and Housing. In its Chapter I Section 1 Article 1 defines the areas of action as:  Public Works;  Housing and Urban Development;  Water resources;  Complete inspection of public works; and Figure 2-1: Institutional Framework of the water section [Source: www.cra.org.mz ] 2.1.3 Ministry of Agriculture The Ministry of Agriculture, created by the Presidential Decree No. 13/2005, is the central organ of the state structure which, in accordance with the principles, objectives and tasks set by the government, directs, organizes and ensures the implementation of the policies in the areas of land, agriculture, livestock, forestry, wildlife and agricultural hydraulics. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 12 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A The Ministry of Agriculture has the following structure: • National Directorate of Agrarian Services; • National Directorate of Veterinary Services; • National Directorate of Land and Forests; • National Directorate of Agrarian Extension; • Inspectorate - General; • Directorate of Economics; • Directorate of Human Resources; • Directorate of Administration and Finance; • Agrarian Documentation and Information Centre; • Department of International Cooperation; • Office of the Minister. Subordinated Institutions: • Institute of Agricultural Research of Mozambique (IIAM); • Mozambique Cotton Institute (IAM); • Cashew Promotion Institute (INCAJU); • Center for Promotion of Agriculture (CEPAGRI); • National Center for Cartography and Remote Sensing (CENACARTA); • Training Institute for Land Administration and Mapping (INFATEC); • Technical Secretariat for Food Security and Nutrition (SETSAN). In the provinces, the ministry is represented through Provincial Directorates of Agriculture (there are 10 in total, one per province) which are mandated with policy dissemination, provincial planning and budgeting and coordination of activities in the province. At the district level, the ministry is represented through the District Service of Economic Activities within the District Administration Office. The main public services provided by MINAG and its subordinate institutions include: the issuing of agricultural policy directives and legislation on agriculture and natural resource management, agricultural research and extension, veterinary services and community land delimitation. 2.1.4 Ministry of Health The Ministry of Health, created by the Presidential Decree No. 11/95, is the Central Authority of the State apparatus regarding the principles, objectives and tasks set by the Government and is responsible for the implementation of Health Policy in the fields public, private and community sectors. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 13 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Its objectives are:  Promoting and encouraging the resolution of health problems, designing and developing programs to promote and protect health and the prevention and combating disease;  Provide health care to the population through the public sector Health;  Promote and support the private sector non-profit;  Promote, supervise and support a Community System to provide health care;  Formulate pharmaceutical policy and direct its implementation in accordance with the guidelines outlined by the Government;  Promote and guide the technical and professional training of the staff of Health;  Promote the development of appropriate technologies for the Health System; and  Promote the development of research on the different levels of health care, to guarantee a better definition of Health Policy and Management programs. 2.1.5 FIPAG The Water Supply Investment and Assets Fund (FIPAG) is a public national institution with legal personality and administrative, financial and patrimonial independence. It was created by the Decree No. 73/98. The Ministerial Order No. 118/2001 approved the Rules of FIPAG. FIPAG’s Resettlement Policy Framework presents the action plan for the resettlement activities of project namely the expansion of the water supply network. It sets the principles and guidelines for resettlement in the frame of urban water supply interventions under FIPAG's responsibility and gives the principles and guidelines for resettlement in the frame of urban water supply interventions under FIPAG's responsibility Generic Framework Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works FIPAG’s Generic Framework Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works (FIPAG 2003) has been implemented by FIPAG for on- going World Bank financed Water Services and Institutional Support Projects (WASIS) setting appropriate standards for construction works. This plan shall be considered by bidding companies for the construction works to this Project. The purpose of this generic EMP is to control the potential negative environmental impacts associated with the construction phase) and/or to enhance any positive environmental impacts. The effective implementation 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 14 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A of a sub-project EMP ensures that the construction activities are conducted and managed in an environmentally sound and responsible manner. ESMPs normally contain environmental specifications to which the Contractor will be required to adhere to throughout the duration of his contract, to reduce or prevent negative environmental impacts to the surrounding environment. This general ESMP also details the organisational authority and structure required to ensure the effective implementation of the ESMP and measures to monitor and improve the application of the ESMP. 2.2 Key National Strategies and Programmes 2.2.1 Millennium Development Goals The 8 Millennium Development Goals are: a) Eradicate Absolute Poverty and Hunger According to the latest national progress report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) produced in 2010, the percentage of people living below the national poverty line in Mozambique stood at 54.7%. If the recent dynamics of training and job creation continue, the national target of 1 million people employed and/or professionally trained by 2015, may be exceeded by more than 100%. The other main target of MDG1 is to have, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger. It is potential for Mozambique to meet the target. b) Achieve universal primary education Hundred per cent net enrolment rate in primary education by 2015 seems to be a potential goal for Mozambique. In 2008, 81% of children in the age for attending primary school (6-12 years old) were enrolled in school (MICS data). Completion rate has also increased tremendously. c) Promote gender equality and empower women Hundred per cent net enrolment rate in primary education by 2015 seems to be a potential goal for Mozambique. In 2008, 81% of children in the age for attending primary school (6-12 years old) were enrolled in school (MICS data). This means that about 19% of these age groups are not attending primary education. Also completion rate has increased tremendously. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 15 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A d) Reduce child mortality Mozambique has the potential to achieve its 2015 targets for infant mortality (67/1,000 live births) and under-five mortality (108/1,000 live births). Vaccination is one of the interventions that contribute strongly to the reduction of child mortality, through decrease of the incidence of preventable diseases. Malaria, AIDS, pneumonia and diarrhoea were the main causes of child deaths in Mozambique in 2008. Fair allocation of qualified human resources for neonatal and infant health at all levels would reduce child mortality. e) Improve Maternal Health The maternal mortality rate has reduced gradually from 1,000 deaths per 100,000 live births in the beginning of the 90s to 500,1 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2007 (Census 2007). The national goal for 2015 is set to 250 deaths that may be hard but potential to meet. The coverage of prenatal visits with at least once a year has increased from 71.4% to 84.5%, and to 92% respectively (IDS1997, IDS 2003 and MICS 2008). The national goal for this indicator is set to 95%, and it seems to be very potential to be met. The use of contraceptives by married women (or women living in a marital union) increased from 6% in 1997 to 18.2% in 2003 and decreased slightly to 16.2% in 2008. This decrease corresponds to the decrease of the use of modern contraceptives, which decreased from 14.2% in 2003 to 12.2% in 2008. Since 1977 Maternal Health has been on top of the Government's priorities and significant progress is made. f) Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases HIV and AIDS is one of the big threats to development in Mozambique. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS among youths and adults (15- 49 years of age), was estimated at the rate of 11.5% between 2008 and 2009 (INSIDA 2009). In 1997 the rate was 8.6%. There is no nationally set goal for 2015. Malaria is still one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in Mozambique. There are eight nationally set goals to prevent malaria and deaths due malaria by 2015. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 16 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Tuberculosis is a serious public health problem in Mozambique. The target for this disease by 2015 is to lower its prevalence from 298 to 149 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and to reduce mortality from 36 to 18 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. More than half (66%) of the patients with TB are HIV positive. g) Ensure environmental sustainability For environmental indicators there are no nationally set targets but during the last few years, the country has increased its reforestation investments and protected areas. On the contrary, the consumption of ozone layer depleting substances has increased in Mozambique. The access to safe drinking water supply has increased from 37.3% in 1997 to 56.0% in 2009 when the national target for 2015 is 70%. Proportion the population with access to improved sanitation has increased from 40% in 2003 to 45% in 2009, with the target for 2015 being 50%. At this rate of improvement Mozambique will likely meet the 2015 targets for access to water as well as sanitation. h) Develop a global partner The debt of Mozambique has remained sustainable in the last few years. The indicator called Debt Service shows reasonable results. From 1997 to 2009, the sustainability of the debt, measured by the Debt Service / Exports of Goods and Services (X) Ratio, has decreased from 21.7% to 2.54%. The cellular technology is a more rapidly adopted technology by Mozambicans than other information technologies. The environment is quite supportive for ICTs. There are no set goals in this area. 2.2.2 National Policies Since 1990, the Government of Mozambique has produced and adopted a wide range of policies which include instruments that provide protection for natural resources. These are: The Agrarian Policy The aims within this policy are to develop agrarian activities to achieve food security for the country based on sustainable use of natural resources. The Land Policy The objective of this policy was to entrench the rights of the population over the land and other natural resources, while promoting investment and sustainable and equitable use of these resources. The following goals were defined: 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 17 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  increasing national agriculture production,  stimulating private investment by securing land rights,  promoting land access rights of rural populations,  guaranteeing customary and traditional land rights,  preserving important ecological areas, and  creating an effective land tax system. The Environmental Policy This policy ensures environment and natural resources to maintain their functional and productive capacity for current and future generations; it ensures that environmental requests are considered in socioeconomic planning; and integrates global and regional efforts in the search for solutions to environmental problems. The national policy was implemented through two legislative instruments: the National Environmental Management Program and the National Conservation Strategy, within which an institutional and legal framework has been built for most relevant sectors and subsectors of national development (Massango, 2004, USAID 2008). 2.2.3 Strategies National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan approved in 2003 by the Mozambican Government has the following objectives: 1. Fulfil the requirement of the article 6 of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) that appeals to develop national strategies that reflect the measures defined in the convection. 2. Identify issues that need national priority actions and that need immediate efforts coordination. 3. Have a basic tool that helps the government agencies and the society to assure that all government policy plans related to biological diversity are realized, especially through efforts to coordinate relevant sectorial policies, programs and strategies. The NBSAP is specially designed to achieve the following strategic objectives:  Conservation of the country’s biological resources, based on knowledge, research, and rehabilitation and strengthening of the conservation areas as well as on conservation measures extended to fragile or important ecosystems.  Sustainable use of biological resources, through reinforcement of inspection measures, change of attitudes and practices harmful to biological resources, promotion of the use of sub-products derived from natural resources, observation of genetic viability, enforcement of institutional coordination, control on introduction of invasive species, capitalization of the use of natural resources specially 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 18 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A wildlife, marine, and coastal resources to improve economic and social status of the country. These strategic objectives were designed to respond to the articles 6 and 7 of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). There are several priority activities included in NBSAP: 1. Obtention of a political and institutional commitment to achieve the objectives of this strategy. 2. Promotion of coordination efforts among and within institutions in order to assure a better organization and implementation of the actions proposed in the action plan of the NBSAP. 3. Identification of the components of biological diversity (updated and/or new data). 4. Promotion and establishment of an information system regarding the current status of the components of biological diversity. 5. Establishment of protection measures for sensible natural habitats and/or endangered species, including, if necessary, recommendations of new areas to be protected. 6. Reinforcement of the inspection on informal and formal exploitation of natural resources, covering features related to human, material and financial resources. 7. Monitoring of biological diversity, especially in areas under exploitation, using a system of criteria and indicators to monitor biological diversity. 8. Valuation of natural resources, evaluation of the costs related to utilization of natural capital and incorporation of the costs and benefices into national accounts. 9. Promotion and valuation of the role of research into information production and decision making processes about natural resources utilization. 10. Community management of natural resources and valuation of traditional knowledge (intellectual property). 11. Conservation of genetic resources of plants and animals. 12. Control and knowledge of GMO and potential invasive species, which are capable of harming the biological diversity. 13. Creation of conditions to improve the well-being of people throughout the exploitation and sustainable use of natural resources. 14. Simplification and dissemination of the NBSAP. National Policy and Strategy of Forestry and Wildlife The Policy and Strategy for Wildlife and Forestry Development, through Cabinet Resolution number 8/97 of 1 April 1997, led a process to create potential opportunities for substantial community participation in forestry and wildlife management. The Mozambican Wildlife and Forestry Policy states that it is important that those who use and benefit more directly from 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 19 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A wildlife shall participate in the management planning processes. Local communities are, in fact, targeted as the principal actors in the implementation of the policy. The policy determines the objectives of wildlife and forestry management as including: a) conserving basic resources, including biological diversity; b) involving people who are dependent on forestry and wildlife resources in the planning and sustainable use of such resources; and c) ensuring that communities benefit from wildlife resources. It also establishes, as a principle, that wildlife and forestry resources must be managed to ensure harmony between local communities and local institutions of the State, so that customary practices and conservation principles are respected. Tourism Strategy and Conservation Conservation Strategies to support the Development of Tourism in Mozambique The following specific conservation related strategies will be used to support the development of tourism in Mozambique over the next ten years: i) Consolidation of Key Natural Resources Management Thus, the management over all wild natural resources, including coastal and inshore marine resources, will be incrementally improved and consolidated into one natural resource management framework in the country, which will provide for a structured approach in policy definition, regulation, management and coordination of all activities related to conservation. ii) Improving Conservation Related Products and Service Quality One obvious shortcoming in the present state of affairs is the absence of regulations to operationalize the various Laws and Decrees supporting conservation activities in the country. Specific Regulations are required for each segment activity area, namely: • Regulations and Guidelines related to tourism development and uses in coastal and marine protected areas, and Regulations and Guidelines related to tourist hunting activities; • Regulations and Guidelines pertaining to Community Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM); • Regulations and Guidelines pertaining to the management and trade in living animals; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 20 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A • Regulations and Guidelines pertaining to concession and investment opportunities in the special conservation areas, i.e., National Parks and National Reserves. iii) Fast-tracking the Rehabilitation of Wildlife into Conservation Areas Given the low base of wildlife populations in the country’s conservation areas and on communal lands, it is necessary to accelerate the rehabilitation of games into appropriate areas for wildlife management, by offering special investment incentives. iv) Using TFCAs to Support the Development of Tourism The primary goal of conservation areas is to provide high quality recreation opportunities to support the growth of tourism. There is a need to continue the efforts of strengthening the TFCAs already established (Lebombo e Chimanimani). Additional TFCAs will be planned and developed wherever appropriate and possible. v) Supporting the Establishment of New Conservation Areas Given the low human densities in some areas, the promulgation of new conservation areas is an important option to enhance development opportunities and preservation of resources. There are also exceptional opportunities to establish IUCN’s Category VI conservation areas, arising from CBNRM initiatives. vi) Strengthening and Expanding the Professional Hunting Industry Tourist hunting operations have the potential of being a good source of revenue, especially in CBNRM areas. National Strategic Plan for HIV and AIDS (2010-2014) The main objective of this Strategic Plan (PEN III) is to contribute to the reduction of the number of new HIV infections in Mozambique, to promote the improvement of the quality of life of persons living with HIV and AIDS, and to reduce the impact of AIDS on national development efforts. So as to ensure the success of these interventions, the family is called upon to play a central role in all dimensions of the response. The essence of the Plan is the reaffirmation of the guiding principles of respect for human rights, the multi-sectoral nature of the response, orientation according to proven results, the economy of resources, systems strengthening, respect for the socio�cultural context and the "mozambicanization" of the message, and the use of legally established mechanisms and structures, in the context of the decentralization of interventions. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 21 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Action Plan for the Reduction of Poverty The Action Plan for the Reduction of Poverty (PARP) is a medium-term strategy established from 2011 to 2014 by the Government of Mozambique, which operates the Government's Five Year Plan (2010-2014), especially for the purpose of fighting poverty and promote the culture of work in order to achieve equitable economic growth, and reduce poverty and vulnerability in the country. The PARP recognizes that the country is vulnerable to disasters caused by abnormal weather events. Climate change is one of the factors that aggravate the situation of absolute poverty in Mozambique, since they have an impact on the human dimension and the socio-economic infrastructure. This plan, while not clearly address or prioritize natural disasters (especially droughts, floods and tropical cyclones) as being of relevance to poverty reduction and improvement of living standards and welfare of Mozambicans in the long term, recognizes the need to prevent and reduce its effects. In order to achieve equitable economic growth for poverty reduction, the Government set the following general objectives, which will guide government action, namely: • Increased production and productivity in agriculture and fisheries; • Promoting employment; • Human and social development; • Governance, and • Macroeconomics and public finance management. Economic and Social Plan for 2012 The Economic and Social Plan for 2012 (PES 2012), is an instrument for the implementation of economic and social objectives set out in the Government's Five-Year Plan for the period 2010 to 2015. It sets targets for economic growth, the primary care of social services, inflation, exports, with net international reserves and public finances. PES main objectives are the following:  Achieve an economic growth of 7.5%.  Contain the average annual inflation rate by about 7.2%;  Achieving a level of 3.020 million dollars in exports of goods, representing a growth of 17% compared to the amount in 2011;  Achieving a level of net international reserves to finance about of 4.7 months of imports of goods and non-factor services, including major projects; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 22 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  Proceed with the creation of employment opportunities and a favourable environment for private investment and development national business, safeguarding, however, proper management the environment;  Improve the quantity and quality public education services, health, water and sanitation, energy and roads;  Proceed with the consolidation of the State and Local Government Municipal service to the citizen. 2.3 Key National Legislation The Constitution of the Republic of Mozambique defines the right of all citizens to a balanced environment and the duty to protect it (Article 72). Furthermore, it requires that the State guarantees: (i) the promotion of initiatives to ensure balance and environmental conservation, and (ii) the implementation of policies to prevent and control pollution and integrate environmental concerns into all sectorial policies in order to guarantee citizens the right to live in a balanced environment, supported by sustainable development (Article 117). On its Article 85 indicates the Right to remuneration and job security and the employee is entitled to protection, safety and hygiene at work. In Mozambique the legislation with relevance to health and safety at the work place is scattered diplomas across a number of legal texts. The Table 2-1 below presents a brief description of the relevant legislation, as well as its relevance to the project. Table 2-1: Key National Legislation Legislation Brief Description Relevance General Resolution N º Establishes the basis of all The proponent has 5/95 - National environmental legislation. According to the responsibility to Environment Article 2.1, the main objective of this ensure that the Policy policy is to ensure sustainable proposed activities development in order to maintain an are in line with this acceptable balance between policy and ensure socioeconomic development and environmental environmental protection. To achieve sustainability of the the above objective, the policy must project. ensure, among other requirements, the management of natural resources in the country - and the environment in general - in order to preserve their functional capacity and production for present and future generations. Law 20/97 – Article 12 states that all activities that Set the framework Environmental may harm the conservation, for environmental Framework Law reproduction, quality and quantity of licensing of biological resources are prohibited, development 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 23 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance especially on those endangered by activities extinction. It states that the government must ensure that adequate measures are taken to enable the maintenance and regeneration of animal species, recovery of harmed habitats, and creation of new habitats, controlling especially those activities or the use of chemicals capable of harming the fauna species and their habitats. Special protection must be provided to endangered plant species or of individual or group of specimens that may have a genetic potential, size, age, and rarity, scientific and cultural value. Article 14 prohibits the deployment or construction of any infrastructure which by its size, nature or location may cause a significant environmental impact. This is especially applicable to zones susceptible to erosion or desertification, wetlands, areas of environmental protection and other ecological sensitive zones. Decree No. Amendment to Articles 5, 15, 18, 20, The requirements for 45/2004, as 24, 25 and 28 of the Regulation on the the environmental amended by EIA process. permits shall be Decree No. respected. 42/2008 - Regulation for the Environmental Impact Assessment Ministerial Provides details on the procedures for The ESHIA report Diploma No. obtaining environmental permits, as should conform to 129/2006 - well as the format, structure and the specifications General content of the general report of described in this Guidelines for environmental impact assessment. Ministerial Diploma. Environmental The purpose of this directive is to Impact Studies standardize the procedures followed in the ESHIA process. Decree No. Defines an environmental audit as a Once operations 25/2011 - tool for objective and documented begin, the proponent Regulations for management and systematic will have to organize the assessment of the management independent Environmental system and relevant documentation in environmental audits Audit Process place to ensure the protection of the to be conducted at Repeals Decree environment. Its aim is to assess the least once a year, No. 32/2003. performance of operational processes without sacrificing and working with the environmental public environmental management plan, including auditing that may be environmental legal requirements in subject under this force, approved for a particular project. decree. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 24 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance Decree No. Aims to regular supervision, monitoring During project 11/2006 - and verification of compliance with the implementation, the Regulation of standards of environmental protection project will be Environmental at the national level. subject to Inspections inspections by the MICOA in order to verify compliance with environmental legislation. The proponent shall cooperate with such inspections. Ministerial Defines the basic principles related to The public Diploma No. public participation, methodologies and participation process 130/2006 - procedures. Considers public during the ESHIA Guidelines for participation an interactive process that should be in Public begins in the design phase and accordance with the Consultation continues throughout the lifetime of the specifications Process project. described in this Ministerial Diploma. Law 19/2007 - Article 4 states that the organization of The project must Territorial the territory follow among others the consider locations of Planning Law principle of sustainability of the quality public domain and and values of the physical spaces the zones of ensure the social development and environmental improvement of the quality of life of the protection. citizens, and on the use of the The project will have precautionary principle in which to be approved and systems must to prevent harmful registered under this activities to the environment when law as a public designing, implementing and changing facility. the territorial ordination instruments in order to avoid the occurrence of negative, irreversible and significant environmental impacts. Article 7 states that the territorial planning and ordination must ensure the organization of the land of public domain which includes territorial waters, roads, public trails, sacred places and cemetery, zones of environmental protection, among others. Air Emission and Quality Decree 18/2004 - It provides: Parameters for the The project must Regulation on maintenance of air quality (Article 7); meet air quality Environmental emission standards for gaseous standards and Quality Standards pollutants for various industries (Article effluent emissions, and Effluent 8), and Standards for the emission of considering the Emission gaseous pollutants from mobile emissions allowable sources (Article 9), including light by law, so as not to vehicles and heavy. Note that the harm the Mozambican legislation is silent as to environment. The the pollutant PM10 proposed project 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 25 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance must consider the levels permitted under the terms of this decree. The violation involves a fee. Decree No. Includes changes in Annexes I and V, Since this decree 67/2010 - referred to in Article 7 and Article 16, amending the Amendments to from Annexes I and V to this Order previous one Decree No. effective. (Decree No. 18/2004 18/2004) and adds Approves Annexes IA and B of this new attachments, decree, which becomes part of the the client must Regulation on Environmental Quality ensure that the Standards and Wastewater Emission. project complies with This order prohibits the burning of solid these standards. or liquid waste or any other flammable material. Law No. 20/97 - Article 9.1 prohibits the discharge of Requirements must Environment Law toxic substances into the atmosphere if be considered. it exceeds legal standards. Water Resources and Quality Resolution No. Repeals the National Water Policy The proponent 46/2007 - Politics adopted by Resolution no. 75/95. This should ensure that of Water new policy covers important topics not the project complies covered in the previous policy, such as with the principles of improving sanitation in urban, peri- water policy. Section urban and rural areas, hydrological 3.4, related to the networks, the development of new water industry, water infrastructure and integrated agriculture and navigation, states management of water resources with that the use of water the participation of stakeholders. resources should promote economic development, job creation and improved social conditions. Decree No. 72/98 The QGD promotes the differentiation Clarifies the - of functions, considering that certain involvement and Institutionalization functions follow economic efficiency coordination of the of the Delegated criteria (like for FIPAG) and some different entities of Management decisions are more professionalized, the water sector Framework standardized and exempt (like for CRA). The QGD also considers the growing involvement of local authorities and the institutional linkages flexibly accommodate this gradual transition, in particular in decision making about infrastructure development and related public investments Law No. 16/91 - This law is based on the principle of The client has the 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 26 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance Water Law public water use, water management responsibility to based on river basins, the principle of implement measures user pays and polluter pays. It aims to to prevent pollution ensure the ecological and of any water environmental balance. The use of resources during water requires a concession (to use and after project permanent or long term) or license implementation. If (uses short-term). The licenses are effluent discharges given for renewable periods of five to any of surface years, while concessions are valid for water authorization renewable periods of 30 years. For from the regional water concessions, a set of water South (ARA- documentation must be submitted to Sul) will be the Regional Water Administration necessary. This South (ARA-Sul), including a authorization is description of the proposed use, subject to a fee. economic justification and technical description. Article 54 of this Law stipulates that any activity with the potential to contaminate or degrade the public waters, particularly the discharge of effluents, is subject to a special permit to be issued by ARA-SUL, and the payment of a fee. Decree No. Determines that when the industrial The project must 18/2004 - effluents are discharged into the meet water quality Regulation on the environment, the final effluent standards and Issuance of discharged must comply with the effluent emissions, Environmental standards for discharge as are set out considering the Standards and in Annex III of the decree. Discharges emissions allowable Wastewater of domestic sewage must comply with by law, so as not to the standards for discharge as are set harm the out in Annex IV. Annex III sets out the environment. Any standards for the discharge of effluent action project should for various industries. consider the levels permitted under the terms of this decree. The violation involves a fee. Biodiversity Law N º 20/97 - Articles 12 and 13 define the planning, The project should Environment implementation and operation of consider biodiversity Law projects should ensure the protection protected, ensuring of biological resources, particularly their protection and species of animals and plants avoiding threatened with extinction, or that, degradation. because of their genetic, ecological, cultural or scientific, requiring special attention. This protection should extend up to their habitats, especially in areas of integrated environmental conservation. Decree No. Article 14 recognizing the importance The client must 45/2006- of wetlands in the management of ensure that all Regulation for floods, maintenance of water quality measures are taken 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 27 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance Prevention of and its exceptional value in terms of to cause minimal Pollution and biodiversity and recognizing that this harm or changes to Protection of habitat suffers several pressures, the wetlands. Coastal and prohibits activities which may change Marine substantially its hydrological regime The client must get a Environment. and function. license to install the Article 66 declares as areas of partial project in the areas protection: the river beds, the strip of of partial protection land of up to 50 m wide measured from in the appropriate the high water mark and the belt of entity. land up to 250 m around dams and artificial lakes. In these locations, users cannot obtain rights of use and exploitation, but only special licenses may be issued for certain activities, which include the water supply infrastructure. Law 10/99 – Law This law recognizing the economic, The client must get a of Forestry and social, cultural and scientific land use rights for Wildlife importance of the forestry and wildlife the project resource establishes its sustainable development utilization and the promotion of The client must initiatives for protection, conservation ensure that the of forestry and wildlife resources to be project gets all benefit of the lifestyle of the citizens. necessary licenses Article 3 establishes basic principles for removal of and norms about the protection, vegetation. conservation and sustainable use of forestry and wildlife resources. These resources are off the public domain. Article 9 establishes that the land use owner must request the license to exploit the forestry and wildlife resources. Decree No. Articles 103, 104 and 105 related to A bush clearing 12/2002 - procedures to obtain authorization to license is needed Regulation of the modify natural environments for Law on Forests construction of infrastructure. and Wildlife Waste and Pollution Decree No. Establishes the legal framework for The proponent has 13/2006 - waste management in Mozambique the responsibility to Regulation for The fundamental objective of implement best Waste Regulation on Waste Management is practice waste Management to establish rules for the generation, management during removal or release in soils and / or construction and basements, water and / or air, any operation phases, as toxic substance and / or pollution, as well as for well as to regulate potentially polluting decommissioning. activities that accelerate environmental The project must degradation in order to minimize their comply with the negative impacts on health and the requirements environment. Article 5 classifies waste outlined in this into two categories: hazardous and regulation. non-hazardous. Assigned to MICOA skills hazardous waste management, 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 28 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance including license management units. Only registrants and licensees may collect and transport the waste outside the boundaries of the premises. Law N º 20/97 - Limited "production and / or deposited The proponent has Environment Law on soil or subsoil and deposition into the responsibility to water or air of any toxic substances or implement measures pollutants, as well as the practice of to prevent pollution activities that accelerate erosion, during and after deforestation, desertification and other project forms of environmental degradation" to implementation. The the limits established by law (Article 9). project must comply As for environmental pollution, Article 9 with the prohibits the production and disposal requirements of any toxic substances or pollutants in outlined in this soil, sub-soil, water or atmosphere, as regulation. well as prohibiting any activities that might accelerate any form of environmental degradation beyond the limits set by law. Health and Safety Law No. 23/2007 This Law applies to legal relations of The proponent must – Labour Law subordinate work established between provide its workers employers and workers, domestic and good physical foreign, of all industries, carrying on condition, business in the country. Chapter VI environmental and provides the principles and rules on moral work, inform hygiene, safety and health of the them about the risks workers. of her job and instruct them on proper compliance with the rules of hygiene and safety at work. Proponent must also provide for its workers first aid in case of accident, sudden illness, poisoning or indisposition. The proponent, in cooperation with the union, it shall inform the competent organ of the administration work on the nature of work accidents or occupational diseases, their causes and consequences, after making inquiries and registration thereof. Law nº 5/2002 - This Law establishes the general It prohibited the Law to protect principles aimed at ensuring that all testing of HIV / AIDS workers with employees and applicants for workers, job 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 29 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance HIV/AIDS employment are not discriminated seekers, candidates against in the workplace or when to access training or applying for jobs because they are candidates for suspected or HIV / AIDS. Article 8 promotion, at the states that the worker who becomes request of infected with HIV / AIDS in the employers, without workplace, in connection with his the consent of the professional occupation, in addition to employee or the compensation they are entitled, applicant for have ensured adequate medical employment. The assistance to alleviate their state of proponent is health, pursuant to the Labour Law required to train and and other applicable law, at the reorient all workers expense of the employer. infected with HIV / AIDS who is able to fulfil their duties at work, taking it to a job commensurate with their residual capacities. Decree nº This Regulation lays down rules on The proponent must 45/2009 - inspection activities in the context of comply with the General control of labour legality. Point 2 of requirements. In Inspection of Article 4 provides employer’s case of an Work Regulation responsibilities regarding the inspection, the prevention of professional health and proponent must safety risks for the employee. assist and provide all the required information to the inspectors. Land Use and Territorial Planning Resolution No. Provides that the State shall provide The proponent 10/95 - National land to each family to build or have should ensure that Land Policy their housing, and that the State is the project complies responsible for land use planning and with the principles of physical occupation of the land, this policy. although the private sector to participate in developing plans. Law No. 19/1997 Defines the rights of people to use the The project should - Land Law land, indicating the details of the rights respect the land based on customary claims and rights of procedures for acquiring the title for communities. If any your use and benefit by communities activity (such as and individuals. This law recognizes agriculture) is and protects the rights acquired disturbed by the through inheritance and occupation proposed project, (customary rights and duties of good the affected parties faith), except for reservations or legally would have to be defined areas where land was legally compensated transferred to another person or accordingly. institution. Decree No. 66/98 Defines the total protection zones This regulation - Regulation of reserved for nature conservation and defines zones of the Land Law the protection state, as well as partial total and partial protection zones, where they cannot protection. In these 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 30 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance be granted titles of land use and where areas, land use is activities cannot be implemented in the restricted. The absence of a license. The partial proponent must protection zones include among comply with these others, the strip of land 50 feet wide regulatory from the edge of lakes and rivers, the requirements. strip of land 250 feet wide around the dams and reservoirs, and the strip of land 100 m wide at the coast and estuaries. Decree No. Its main purpose, according to its The proponent must 19/2007 - Land Article 2: "create a legal framework of consider the fair Planning Law land use, in accordance with the compensation when principles, objectives and citizens' expropriating private rights enshrined in the Constitution of property. the Republic" on the one hand, and "materialize through instruments of spatial planning, the policy planning“. Article 20 refers to the expropriation of private property belonging to, or used by, traditional communities; due to activities of public interest or need/utility. In these cases fair compensation must be paid to cover, among others, the loss of tangible and intangible goods, breakdown in social cohesion and loss of productive assets Decree No. Provides specific guidelines to the use Provides guidelines 60/2006 - of land in urban centres, such as cities for land use in urban Regulation on and towns, based on the Land Law. settings. Urban Land Use Cultural Heritage Decree No. 42/90 The burial of corpses in rural areas States that the burial - Burial may be performed in cemeteries or of corpses in rural Regulation other places authorized by the areas may be authorities. performed in cemeteries or other No reference to reburial of corpses in places authorized by rural areas by which development the relevant projects should abide. It is assumed authorities. that traditional leaders are to be Traditional leaders consulted to define appropriate burial are to be consulted places and traditions to follow. to define appropriate burial places and traditions to follow Law No10/88 - Intends to legally protect the property Some archaeological Cultural and intangible cultural heritage of objects may be Protection Law Mozambique. Under this law, cultural encountered during heritage is defined as "a set of material the construction and non material created or integrated phase of the project. by the Mozambican people throughout If this happens, the history, with relevance to the definition proposer must of the Mozambican cultural identity." immediately notify The material cultural heritage includes the relevant agency 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 31 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance monuments, groups of buildings (with of cultural heritage. important historical, artistic or scientific), places or locations (with archaeological, historical, aesthetic, ethnological or anthropological) and natural elements (physical and biological formations of particular interest to from a scientific perspective or aesthetic). Resettlement Decree 31/2012 - Establishes the basic rules and The Resettlement Regulation of principles governing the process of Plan needs to Resettlement resettlement in Mozambique. comply with this Resulting from Decree. Economic Creates a Technical Commission for Activities the review of Resettlement Action Plans (RAP) triggered by projects causing resettlement, and defines the Commission’s responsibilities and procedures for the approval of the RAP as well as the follow-up to its implementation. This responsibility falls under the District Government. Introduces specific procedures for the design and the implementation of the RAP. It defines the contents of the RAP and the Resettlement Implementation Action Plan, the rights of PAPs, the responsibilities of the project proponent and the implementation of the public consultation process. Introduces specific procedures for the design and the implementation of the RAP: it defines the contents of the RAP and the Resettlement Implementation Action Plan, the rights of PAPs, the responsibilities of the project proponent and the implementation of the public consultation process. Compensation Decree No. Introduces guidelines and standards Sets guidelines and 181/2010 - for the process of expropriation for standards for the Directive on the land use planning purposes, due to process of process of development activities of public expropriation for expropriation for interest/utility. land use planning the purposes of purposes Land It defines i) the contexts in which Management expropriation can take place for land planning purposes, and ii) how to conduct the process of expropriation. It also sets the calculation framework of compensation costs for the 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 32 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Legislation Brief Description Relevance expropriation of housing, commercial, industrial, service provision, sea side and countryside infrastructure. Decree No. Defines guidelines for assessing home Provides guidelines 119/94 - values, in case of impeding relocation. for assessing home Regulation of The guidelines are produced and values, in case of goodwill stores or updated by the Provincial Directorates relocation warehouses of Public Works and Housing. located in rural areas Regulation Defines the compensation guidelines Sets the minimum 66/1998 - Land for the loss of trees and crops due to value costs of trees Act development projects (which incur in and crops, for the the relocation of land users). calculation of compensation costs Together with the Provincial due to relocation Directorate of Agriculture (Ministry of processes Agriculture), it defines the minimum value of various trees and crops used in Mozambique. The Provincial Directorates update the guidelines with tables of value costs for a range of trees and crops. 2.4 International Standards and Agreements 2.4.1 Key Agreements and Conventions Mozambique is a signatory to various international agreements and conventions related to environmental management. Some of the key agreements are listed in Table 2-2 below. Table 2-2: Key Agreements and Conventions Agreement/ Brief Description Relevance Conventions Air Quality United Nations Control of emissions of The sustainability of Framework greenhouse gases. the project should be Convention on Climate considered, e.g. their Change (UNFCCC), activities should not 1994 contribute to climate change Vienna Convention for The overall aim is that Member The client should the Protection of the States assume the obligation to avoid contributing to Ozone Layer (UNEP), adopt measures to prevent or the destruction of the 1985 reduce the negative effects on ozone layer, through the modification of the ozone the emission of gases layer caused by human in quantities which activities. could damage the 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 33 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Agreement/ Brief Description Relevance Conventions ozone layer, thereby impacting human health and the environment. Kyoto Protocol, 1997. It sets targets for emissions of Measures should be greenhouse gases. taken to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. Montreal Protocol on Controlling the production of The proponent should Substances that substances that deplete the avoid the use of deplete the Ozone ozone layer and the banning of equipment using CFCs Layer (UNEP), 1987. chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). and other substances that can damage the ozone layer. Biodiversity The African The fundamental principle of Measures of the Convention on the this convention is that: the convention are Conservation of Contracting States shall incorporated into Nature, 1969) undertake to adopt the national legislation. measures necessary to ensure The project has to conservation, utilization and comply with all development of soil, water, flora national laws on and faunal resources in nature and natural accordance with scientific resources. principles and with due regard The project must to the best interests of the promote people. environmental Contracting states are bound awareness and have to: an environmental and  to accord a special protection social management to those animal and plant plan species that are threatened with extinction or which may become so, and to the habitat necessary to their survival.  ensure the conservation and management of natural sources as integral part of national and/'or regional development plans. Where any development plan is likely to affect the natural resources of another State, the latter shall be consulted.,  declare and list protected species of fauna and flora, maintain conservation areas within their territories, take all necessary legislative measures to reconcile customary rights with the provisions of this Convention.  ensure that their peoples appreciate their close 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 34 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Agreement/ Brief Description Relevance Conventions dependence on natural resources and that they understand the need, and rules for, the rational utilization of these resources.  Encourage and promote research in conservation, utilization and management of natural resources Convention on Ensure that international trade The proponent should International Trade in in specimens of wild fauna and be aware that in Endangered Species flora does not threaten their CITES listed species of Wild Flora and survival in the wild. The same are identified in the Fauna in Peril gives varying degrees of area of influence of the (CITES), 1973. protection to more than 33,000 project, appropriate species of plants and animals. measures should be taken. The United Nations The objectives of this The project by Convention on Convention, to be pursued in complying with Biological Diversity, accordance with its relevant Mozambican laws of 1992 provisions, are the conservation conservation of biological diversity. the environment and sustainable use of its biodiversity. components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits Any potential impact of arising out of the utilization of the project on the genetic resources, including by natural resources of a appropriate access to genetic neighbouring state resources and by appropriate must be a matter of transfer of relevant consultation between technologies, states. “Biological diversity" means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part States have the sovereign right to exploit their own resources and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. The Convention on It is an intergovernmental treaty The project must Wetlands of that provides the framework for ensure that wetlands International national action and international are neither affected Importance (also cooperation for the negatively or that known as Ramsar conservation and wise use of wetlands functions are Convention) -1971 wetlands, as a contribution restored after towards achieving sustainable intervention 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 35 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Agreement/ Brief Description Relevance Conventions development throughout the world. This convention deals with a particular ecosystem Under this convention wetlands are defined as lakes, rivers, swamps and marshes, wet grassland and wetlands, oases, estuaries, deltas and tidal flats, near-shore marine areas, mangroves and coral reefs, and human-made sides such as fish ponds, rice paddies, reservoirs and salt pans. Stockholm Convention Action and control the world of The proponent should on Persistent Organic chemicals that persist in the avoid the use of Pollutants (POPs), environment, are bio- persistent organic 2001. accumulative in the food chain pollutants, whose use and pose a risk to human health is prohibited. and the environment. These substances are listed in Annex I. Protocol Development Ensuring the preservation and Project activities Community's (SADC) sustainable development of the should not harm the on the Conservation of use of wildlife resources. wildlife. Wildlife and its Law Enforcement, 1999. UNESCO Convention Promotes cooperation among The proponent must for the Protection of nations to protect the world use these resources the World Cultural and heritage of exceptional value, sustainably. Natural Heritage, 1972 so that its preservation is (Convention on the important for current and future Protection of the World generations. Heritage). Convention for the Safeguarding the intangible The proponent must Safeguarding of the cultural heritage and ensure consider the Intangible Cultural respect for the intangible provisions of this Heritage (UNESCO), cultural heritage of Convention. 2003. communities, groups and individuals. Convention on the Protect and promote the The proponent must Protection and diversity of cultural expressions, ensure compliance Promotion of the to encourage dialogue between with this Convention Diversity of Cultural cultures and foster respect for for the life of the Expressions cultural diversity. project (e.g. promoting (UNESCO), 2005. respect for cultural diversity). 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 36 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 2.4.2 World Health Organization Guidelines World Health Organization Outbreak Communication Planning Guide The objective of this document is to help national authorities apply the WHO Outbreak Communication Principles to their outbreak planning and preparation activities. This document addresses specific public health objectives including:  ensuring at-risk populations have the information they need to make well-informed decisions and to take appropriate actions to protect their health and safety during an outbreak;  supporting coordination and the efficient use of communication resources among local, national and international public health partners;  providing relevant public health information to inform implicated non- health sectors;  minimizing social and economic disruption; and  as an overarching goal before, during and after outbreaks, to maintain and build public trust in public health authorities. Global Plan of Action on Workers’ health 2008-201 WHO is implementing a Global Plan of Action on Workers’ health 2008- 2014 endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2007 with the following objectives:  devising and implementing policy instruments on workers' health;  protecting and promoting health at the workplace;  improving the performance of and access to occupational health services;  providing and communicating evidence for action and practice; and incorporating workers' health into other policies. Noise Standards The WHO, together with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), are the main international organizations that collected data and developed reviews of the effects of the exposure to environmental noise. This provided the following summary of noise thresholds in terms of LAeq day outdoors in residential areas: 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 37 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  The 55-60 dBA noise creates annoyance.  At 60-65 dBA greatly increases the hassle.  Above 65 dBA restricted patterns of behavior, symptomatic of serious damage caused by noise The WHO recommends a maximum outer daytime LAeq of 55 dBA in residential areas and schools "in order to avoid significant interference with normal activities of local communities." Moreover, it recommends a maximum night LAeq of 45 dBA outside homes. No distinction is made if the noise is coming from road traffic, industry, or any other noise source. The WHO also lists that the orientation for industrial noise is defined as 70 dBA over a period of 24 hours. This would cause hearing loss, where the peak noise level of 110 dBA is admissible in a rapid response measurement. 2.4.3 IFC Guidelines IFC Performance Standards The Performance Standards are directed towards clients, providing guidance on how to identify risks and impacts, and are designed to help avoid, mitigate, and manage risks and impacts as a way of doing business in a sustainable way, including stakeholder engagement and disclosure obligations of the client in relation to project-level activities. In the case of its direct investments (including project and corporate finance provided through financial intermediaries), IFC requires its clients to apply the Performance Standards to manage environmental and social risks and impacts so that development opportunities are enhanced (IFC, 2012). Together, the eight Performance Standards establish standards that the client is to meet throughout the life of an investment by IFC:  Performance Standard 1: Assessment and Management of Environmental and Social Risks and Impacts The objectives of this guideline are tp: o Identify and assess risks and environmental impacts of the project. o Adopt a hierarchy of mitigation to predict and prevent or, where not possible, to minimize, and, when residual impacts remain, to offset / neutralize the risks and impacts to workers, the environment and Affected Communities. o Promote a better socio-environmental performance of the clients through the use of effective management systems. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 38 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A o Ensure that the claims of Affected Communities and external communications of other stakeholders are answered and managed appropriately. o Promote and provide appropriate means of engagement with the Affected Communities throughout the lifecycle of the project with respect to issues that have the potential to affect them and ensure that relevant environmental information is disclosed and disseminated.  Performance Standard 2: Labour and Working Conditions It recognizes that the pursuit of economic growth through employment creation and income generation should be accompanied by protection of the fundamental1 rights of workers. The objectives of this IFC guideline are to: o Promote the fair treatment, non-discrimination, and equal opportunity of workers. o Establish, maintain, and improve the worker-management relationship. o Promote compliance with national employment and labour laws. o Protect workers, including vulnerable categories of workers such as children, migrant workers, workers engaged by third parties, and workers in the client’s supply chain. o Promote safe and healthy working conditions, and the health of workers. o Assure that forced labour is not used.  Performance Standard 3: Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention The objectives of this guideline are to: o Avoid or minimize the adverse impacts on human health and the environment by preventing or minimizing the pollution resulting from the project activities. o Promote a more sustainable use of resources, including energy and water. o Reduce the GHG emissions related to the project.  Performance Standard 4: Community Health, Safety, and Security It recognizes that the project activities, equipment, and infrastructure can increase the community exposure to risks and impacts. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 39 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A The main objective of this performance standard is:  To anticipate and avoid adverse impacts on the health and safety of the Affected Community during the project life from both routine and non-routine circumstances.  To ensure that the safeguarding of personnel and property is carried out in accordance with relevant human rights principles and in a manner that avoids or minimizes risks to the Affected Communities. This Performance Standard, in Section 4.12 on Involuntary Resettlement, states that, when resettlement is inevitable for more than 200 people, a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) must be formulated. The RAP must be in accordance with national policies and legislation and international best practices, including the borrower's guidelines (such as the OP 4.12 of the World Bank). The initial analysis for the SIA indicates that the Water Supply Scheme project will potentially affect about 250 units (families, individuals, public and private ENTITIES). The cadastral survey indicates that a total of 15 homes can be affected involving the resettlement of their respective families, and about 36 homes may lose other infrastructures like fences, storage rooms, tents, latrines, etc.. As a result of the above, the Water Supply Scheme should be in line with World Bank OP. 4.12, the Performance Standard 5 (PS5): Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement. A Full Resettlement Plan was prepared defining the procedures to be adopted during resettlement implementation, as well as monitoring mechanisms of that process (World Bank, 2004). The World Bank conceives resettlement beyond physical displacement and addresses the direct economic and social impacts caused by loss of land and assets, including:  Displacement or loss of shelter;  Loss of assets or access to important production resources;  Loss of sources of income or better subsistence; or  Loss of access to the places that offer better production or less costs for businesses or people. The term “involuntary� refers to the actions that could be taken without the agreement or power to choose of the PAPs. The resettlement is involuntary for affected people who do not have the option to keep the situation in which they are before the project starts. The World Bank OP 4.12 is applied independently of whether people affected have to be resettled in another place or not. It also 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 40 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A requires that PAPs receive either compensation or supportive measures in a way that guarantees the restoration of their income at least at the same level as prior to the project. According to World Bank OP 4.12, the eligibility criteria for compensation and support due to resettlement are based on the following categories: People who do not have legal rights to the land or assets at the time when the census starts, but have a claim over the land or the benefits on the basis of the Mozambican law and traditions. People that fall in the first two categories are entitled to receive compensation, resettlement benefits and support for the rehabilitation of the land and any non-removable assets on the land and buildings taken by the project. The compensation will be in accordance to the situation of the PAP before the cut-off date (i.e. registered starting date). People in the third category will receive support for resettlement, instead of compensation for the occupied land. They should receive the necessary support to satisfy the established dispositions of this policy, in the case that they were in the project area before the registered starting date. Consequently, this policy provides support to all affected people, including land owners and people who are illegally settled in the area of the project, independently of whether or not they have a formal title or legal rights. Any person who invades the area of the project after the registered starting date is not entitled to any compensation or assistance.  Performance Standard 5: Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement The objectives of this guideline are to:  Avoid, and when not possible, minimize the displacement by exploring project alternatives.  Avoid the forced eviction.  To anticipate and prevent or, where not possible, minimize adverse environmental and social impacts resulting from land acquisition or restrictions on its use (i) by way of compensation for loss of assets at replacement cost and (ii) ensuring that the resettlement activities are implemented after appropriate disclosure of information, consultation and informed participation of the affected parties. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 41 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  Improve or restore the livelihoods and living standards of displaced persons.  Improving the living conditions of physically displaced people by providing adequate housing, guaranteed property at resettlement sites.  Performance Standard 6: Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources It recognizes that protecting and conserving biodiversity, maintaining ecosystem services, and sustainably managing living natural resources are fundamental to sustainable development. PS 6 main objectives are:  To protect and conserve biodiversity;  To maintain the benefits from ecosystem services; and  To promote the sustainable management of living natural resources through the adoption of practices that integrate conservation needs and development priorities.  Performance Standard 7: Indigenous Peoples The objectives of this guideline are to: o Ensure that the development process fosters full respect for human rights, dignity, aspirations, culture and livelihoods of Indigenous Peoples. o Anticipate and avoid the adverse impacts of projects on communities of Indigenous Peoples, or when it is not possible to avoid them, minimize them and / or compensate for these impacts. o Promote the benefits and opportunities of sustainable development for Indigenous Peoples in a culturally appropriate manner. o Establish and maintain an ongoing relationship based on Informed Consultation and Participation (ICP) of the Indigenous Peoples affected by a project throughout its lifecycle. o Ensure the Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC) of the Affected Communities of Indigenous Peoples in the presence of the circumstances described in this Performance Standard. o Respect and preserve the culture, knowledge and practices of Indigenous Peoples. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 42 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  Performance Standard 8: Cultural Heritage The objectives of this guideline are to: o Protect the cultural heritage against the adverse impacts of the project activities and support its preservation. o Promote the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of cultural heritage. Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Water and Sanitation The Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines are technical reference documents with general and industry specific examples of Good International Industry Practice (GIIP). The EHS Guidelines for Water and Sanitation include information relevant to the operation and maintenance of (i) potable water treatment and distribution systems, and (ii) collection of sewage in centralized systems (such as piped sewer collection networks) or decentralized systems (such as septic tanks subsequently serviced by pump trucks) and treatment of collected sewage at centralized facilities. The Project design will follow these guidelines. Noise IFC discusses the impact of noise beyond the property boundary in section 1.7 (IFC, 2007). The noise guidelines stipulated by IFC are grouped into two categories, namely: "Residential, institutional, educational" and "Industrial, commercial" (Table 2-3). The guidelines also state that the maximum increase of background noise in the receiver closest to the boundary property should not be more than 3 dBA. Table 2-3: IFC Environmental Noise Guidelines One hour LAeq (dBA) Receptor Day Night (07:00 – 22:00) (22:00 – 07:00) Residential; institutional; educational 55 45 Industrial; comertial 70 70 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 43 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 2.4.4 World Bank Safeguard Policies World Bank Safeguard Policies that apply to the Project include Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01), Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11), and Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12). In addition, because the Project will draw water from additional storage capacity provided by the completion of the Corumana Dam, the completion of Corumana Dam can be considered under the Bank’s Environmental Assessment Policy (OP 4.01) as an ancillary activity. Thus, in addition to the above referenced applicable World Bank Safeguard Policies, additional World Bank Safeguard Policies that would apply in connection to the completion of Corumana Dam include Dam Safety (OP 4.37) and Projects on International Waterways (OP 7.50). In addition to requirements under Mozambique’s laws and regulations, the ESIA with its ESMP have been benchmarked against IFC Performance Standards (Section 2.4.3), which in some aspects are more comprehensive than the requirements of Bank Safeguard Policies. With respect to this ESIA, compliance with the requirements of IFC Performance Standards 1, 3, 4, and 5 also meet the policy requirements of OP 4.01 and OP 4.12. Although OP 4.11 applies to the Project, the risk of any adverse impact on the very few cultural resources that are known to be in the pipeline study corridor (Section 7.3.11) is considered low, but the actual impact on specific resources will not be known until the construction contractor stakes out the centerline for the pipeline just prior to the beginning of installation of the pipeline. Chance finds procedures are included in FIPAG’s Generic Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works (FIPAG 2003), which is identified as a supplemental Safeguards document in the ESIA and the ESMP. Completion of the Corumana Dam, which began operations in 1989, requires installing spillway gates, for which the dam was originally designed and constructed, as well as some other minor works. Because Safeguards- related work for the completion of the Corumana Dam, including requirements of the Dam Safety Policy (OP 4.37), was already done as part of the Bank-financed Water Resources Development Project (WRDP [P107350]), that Safeguards work will not be duplicated as part of the preparation of the GMWSP or as part of the ESIA and the ESMP. Mozambique has carried out riparian notifications under the WRDP in compliance with OP 7.50. Contracts were signed for the Technical Services and Dam Safety Review (June 2010) as part of project preparation for WRDP. The ESIA and EMP for WRDP were disclosed locally and at the InfoShop on April 11 and April 28, 2011, respectively. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 44 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 2.4.5 Guidelines of the World Commission on Dams The World Commission on Dams (WCD) was formed in April 1997 to investigate the environmental and socio-economic impacts of the development of large dams in the world. The WCD is composed of members of civil society, academics, private sector representatives, professional associations and a governmental representative. The WCD has the following key recommendations: 1. The needs and objectives should be clearly formulated through an open and participatory process before the various project options are identified. 2. A balanced and comprehensive assessment of all options should be performed, giving the social and environmental aspects the same importance as the one given to the technical, economic and financial factors. 3. Before making the decision of building a new dam, the social and environmental issues of existing and pendant dams must be addressed, and the benefits of existing projects should be maximized. 4. All stakeholders shall have the opportunity for informed participation in decisive processes related to large dams through stakeholder forums. The public acceptance of all key decisions shall be demonstrated. Decisions affecting indigenous peoples shall be taken with their free, prior and informed consent. 5. The project shall provide affected people with the right to improve their lifestyle and shall make sure that they get the priority part of project benefits (besides the compensation for their losses). Affected communities include people living downstream of dams and people affected by the dam infrastructure such as transmission lines and irrigation canals. 6. Affected People shall be able to negotiate mutually agreed agreements and legally ensure the implementation of the rights of resettlement, mitigation and development. 7. The project shall be chosen based on an assessment of the entire river basin ecosystem, trying to avoid significant impacts on threatened and endangered species. 8. Develop mechanisms to ensure the compliance with regulations and agreements negotiated and budgeted. The compliance shall be subject to independent review. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 45 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 9. The dam shall not be built on a shared river if one of the states involved raises an objection, sustained by an independent panel. By changing the structure or operation of the dam, the dam safety shall be re-checked. The national legislation and regulations must be followed with this into account. If the national legislation or regulations are not available, international guidelines shall be followed. These include, e.g., ICOLD Bulletin 59 "on Dam Safety Management", issued by the International Committee on Large Dams (2010); “Risk Assessment and Management of Safety of Dams�; “A recognition of benefits, existing methods and complications� - ICOLD Bulletin 130 (ICOLD, 2005). 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 46 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 3. Project Description The Greater Maputo Area is growing rapidly and neighbouring districts are more and more absorbed. This integration process will nearly triple the service area and in 2035 it will double the population that needs de water supply services reaching a total of 4,000,000 inhabitants As a consequence, the water demand will grow drastically and will exceed the present water production capacity between 2016 and 2019 for the actually served areas. This fact requires the development of new sources for drinking water supply to Greater Maputo Area whereof the presented Project is one. Within this Project it is foreseen to take in a first step 60,000 m³/d from Corumana Dam Reservoir, treat it at a new Water Treatment Plant near Sabie and pump it to Machava Distribution Center. These 60,000 m³/d drinking water shall be available until 2017. Additional 60,000 m³ shall be added until 2024, thus the full intended capacity of 120,000 m³ will be reached then. The main parts of the entire projected installations are: 1. About 94 km main from Corumana Dam site to Machava Distribution Center; 2. Pumping station near Corumana Dam (1 ha land needed); 3. Water treatment plant north-west of Sabié (10 ha needed including a sludge storage site); 4. Area for control tanks south of Pessene (1 ha land needed); 5. Several off-takes along the corridor (not all determined yet); 6. Access roads (yet unknown length); 7. Medium voltage overhead lines to pumping station and to WTP site. The Project’s location is shown in Figure 3-1. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 47 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Figure 3-1: Location of the Project in Maputo Province 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 48 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 4. Principles of Environmental and Social Management Plans The development of ESMPs to infrastructure projects as the foreseen water supply project is a general requirement of WorldBank, African Development Bank and the relevant national authority the Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA) if a project is considered to be of Category A1 as it is the case for this Water Supply Project. The purpose of an ESMP is to control the potential negative environmental impacts associated with the different phases of the project and/or to enhance any positive environmental impacts. The effective implementation of an ESMP will ensure that the construction activities are conducted and managed in an environmentally sound and responsible manner. For that the ESMP also details the organisational authority and structure required to ensure the effective implementation of the ESMP. An ESMP shall  provide the Ministry for Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA) a tool to ease the evaluation of the objectives at different phases of the project, taking into account the Mozambican environmental legislation;  provide clear and mandatory instructions to the proponent with regard to its environmental responsibilities in all phases of project;  ensure continuous compliance with Mozambican legislation and policies regarding to the environment;  provide assurance to regulators and interested and affected parties about the satisfaction of its demands in relation to environmental and social performance. 1 For categorization see Cabinet Council Decree Number 45/2004 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 49 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 5. Institutional Requirements and Responsibilities The compliance with the instructions of this document is the sole responsibility of the Contractor. Subsequently, during the construction of the Project, the Proponent may delegate responsibilities to the different stakeholders involved in the project, namely the Contractor and subcontractors, and the system operator in the exploration phase of the project as a way to ensure that the guidelines and instructions are actually observed. This ESMP therefore contains the specifications that the Contractor will be obliged to follow during construction of the project; the same is valid for the Operator during the operation of the system. Therefore, this ESMP will be part of the contract documentation so that the environmental and social issues specified herein are effectively incorporated in all phases of project implementation. During the construction period the implementation of the ESMP shall be organized as follows: FIPAG Environmental Engineer Appointed Consultants Environmental ‘The Engineer’ Specialist Resident Engineer Environmental Control Officer Construction Contractor Sub-Contractor Figure 5-1: Flow gram for the implementation of the ESMP (Source: FIPAG, 2003) 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 50 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A FIPAG will contract a Construction Contractor (CC). The ESMP prepared to this Project is part of the tender documents and the implementation and follow up of this plan is requested by the CC. In order to do so, the CC shall employ HSE Officers responsible for the execution of the ESMP. This includes a full-time Health and Safety Specialist serving as HS officer and a full-time Environmental Field Officer. The CC shall also be responsible that all subcontractors will follow up the requirements stipulated in the ESMP. At the same time a Resident Engineer will be assigned by FIPAG who shall supervise all aspects of the construction activities. That includes technical and HSE aspects as well. For HSE aspects the Resident Engineer will employ an HSE Supervisor who acts as a link between the Construction Contractor and FIPAG (Environmental Engineer) regarding all HSE issues. FIPAG will also be responsible for organizing external independent HSE audits to be conducted twice a year. For that, an auditor shall be contracted. For the construction phase of the Project the reporting procedures are shown schematically in Figure 5-1 above. The Contractor will be responsible for implementing the ESMP and will employ an HS Officer and an Environmental Field Officer. Both are obliged to report monthly to the HSE Supervisor of the Resident Engineer about the progress of the implementation of the management measures stipulated in this ESMP. This report shall also include records about all incidents and accidents happened during the reporting period and shall also outline measures taken to prevent future incidents and accidents. Using the input of the EFO and HSO reports the HSE Supervisor contracted by the Resident Engineer will prepare quarterly reports to be submitted to FIPAG. The Environmental Engineer of FIPAG will take these reports for presenting the progress of the implementation of the ESMP to FIPAG’s management preparing summarizing bi-annual reports. His reports will represent the basis for the external Auditor to prepare auditing reports twice a year to be submitted to MICOA and to the World Bank. The Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA) responsible for the protection of the environment and for authorising of the proposed Water Supply Project is obliged to perform own regular audits of the development of the project. During operation, AdeM (�guas da Região de Maputo) will start to operate the Project’s installations. Consequently, AdeM will be responsible for implementing the ESMP to the operation/maintenance phase containing the mitigation and management measures to this phase. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 51 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A FIPAG will be responsible again for decommissioning of the installations. FIPAG contract a construction contractor to do the needed works during the commissioning phase. The same scheme as shown above in Fig. 5-1 shall be applied. Some specific tasks and responsibilities of the different involved parties are given below. During the construction phase, it should also be implemented the Generic Framework of the Environmental Management Plan (FIPAG 2003). 5.1 Responsibilities of MICOA The Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs (MICOA) is a central organ of the State, created by the Presidential Decree No. 2/94. It is responsible for the protection of the environment and for authorising proposed development projects. Authorisation is provided only after appropriate studies have been undertaken to assess the environmental and social implications of proposed development projects in accordance with the ESIA Regulations. MICOA is responsible for taking decision on the ESIA process and for regulating the environmental performance of projects in Mozambique. In accordance with Decree 45/2004 MICOA is also responsible for verification, inspection and audit, before, during and after the implementation of projects. 5.2 Responsibility of FIPAG FIPAG as the client/employer has the overall responsibility to implement the ESMP to the Project. Aim is to construct and operate the Project in an environmentally sound and responsible manner and to reflect the requirements of MICOA and the World Bank. In particular, FIPAG shall:  ensure that the ESMP is approved by MICOA and the World Bank;  ensure that the ESMP is included in the bidding documentation issued to prospective contractors;  ensure that FIPAG’s Generic Framework Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works (FIPAG 2003) is included in the bidding documents;  supervise the implementation of the ESMP in order to ensure that compliance with the ESMP is achieved. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 52 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A For that, FIPAG will nominate an Environmental Engineer being responsible for/to:  regular communication with the CC;  undertake periodic construction site visits and inspections;  review and comment the quarterly environmental reports of the HSE Supervisor;  Report bi-annually on implementation of the ESMP to FIPAG’s management (see Figure 6-1). 5.3 Responsibility of the Construction Contractor In principle, the CC shall ensure that pertinent legislation concerning the protection of the natural environment and prevention of pollution is strictly followed. This includes Mozambican and World Bank requirements as well. The Contractor shall maintain a database of all relevant legislation and regulation related to health, safety and environmental issues. The Contractor shall ensure that all needed permits and certificates have been obtained prior start of any activity on site. This also includes the land mine clearance certificates. The Construction Contractor has to show how he intends to meet and implement the requirements of the ESMP. For that, the Contractor shall hire full time an Environmental Field Officer (EFO) and a Health and Safety Officer (HSO) as well (both to be approved by FIPAG). The CC shall set up/implement a Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Plan including an Occupational Health and Safety Plan considering the requirements of the ESMP and implement an appropriate Health, Safety and Environment Management System (HSEMS) during the whole construction period. The CC shall provide the costs for implementing the ESMP and FIPAG’s Generic Framework Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works (2003) as part of its bid. In addition, the CC has also to take into account the requirements of the Resettlement Action Plan to this Project in order to minimize the social impacts of the Project as e.g. physical relocation to an absolute minimum. The overall tasks of the contractor’s EFO/HSO are to oversee the construction program and the construction activities performed by the Contractor. The EFO/HSO shall be present on-site during the whole construction period and is responsible for the implementation of the ESMP being in accordance with the contractual requirements with FIPAG. Practically but not limited they will: 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 53 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  ensure the implementation of the requirements set out in the ESMP;  ensure that all subcontractors comply with the ESMP;  inspect the construction site(s) on a daily basis;  maintain liaison with the team, their sub-project managers and the overall Project Manager;  alert the contractor teams about activities to minimize conflict with local communities and impacted people;  teach staff managers also of subcontractors about the content of the ESMP;  promote training on HSE issues for all workers and make them aware about HSE requirements;  inform the Project Manager about all non-compliances with ESMP requirements;  recommend corrective measures in case of non-compliances;  register, investigate and report each incident and accident;  develop measures to ensure that such incident/accident will not occur in future;  report monthly to the HSE Supervisor of the Resident Engineer (see Figure 6-1) about the progress on ESMP implementation including incidents and accidents and measures taken. Specific tasks of the HSO are to:  create an emergency response team and a first aid team;  ensure the existence of first aid equipment on site including devices for suppressing and extinguishing of fires and provide evacuation plans;  ensure that all workers including subcontractors are using appropriate personal protection equipment at all time on site and that the workers follow the Project’s Occupational Health and Safety Plan as part of the overall HSE Plan to be developed and implemented by the CC.  prepare a Health & Safety Policy and a Health & Safety Plan;  prepare required work instructions and method statements to prevent accidents, incidents and emergency cases;  ensure the implementation of the health & safety requirements as set out in the health & safety management plan;  ensure the implementation of applicable strategies from the national HIV/AIDS prevention programs;  undertaking risk assessment prior to the commencement of the respective services, tasks and works;  regular and irregular reporting of the health & safety performance at site to the site management and to the competent authorities;  monitor the implementation of the measures included in the health & safety management plan; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 54 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  introduction of health & safety management measures to all employees at the construction site and awareness building with respect to the applicable legislative requirements;  introduction of codes of conduct for all visitors;  execution of daily health & safety rounds to introduce the need and importance of considering health & safety measures;  communication of health & safety requirements to all workers and between site management and workers;  liaison with the applicable competent authorities, inspectorates and administrative departments and site management. 5.4 Responsibilities of the Resident Engineer (ER) In order to monitor the technical aspects of the construction of projects, projects owners hire a Resident Engineer to perform this task for them. An ER is an engineer (mostly an engineering company) who represents the owner of a project during design, development, and construction to confirm that the work is done well and within legal standards. This third party is not involved in the design and construction project directly, but rather acts as an advocate for the owner to apply due diligence. The ER inspects the design plans, timelines, and other materials developed to support the project and identifies flaws that might come up. During construction, the ER makes regular site visits to monitor progress. The work includes inspections to make sure the stated plans are being followed and the workers are using the right materials. The engineer generates reports to allow the owner to monitor progress and intervene if it becomes necessary. The Resident Engineer is also responsible for checking site health, safety and environmental issues. The ER shall be contracted by FIPAG and will act as a link between the CC, the external auditor and FIPAG. He/she shall supervise all activities of the Contractor’s EFO and HSO regarding health, safety and environmental aspects. Specific, but not limited tasks are:  ensure that the Environmental and Social Management Plan is fulfilled;  ensure that the Project’s Occupational Health and Safety Plan as part of the overall HSE Plan is compiled;  following the site selection for construction sites, lay down areas, work areas etc.;  evaluation of Contractor‘s Work Implementation Plan;  permanent monitoring of construction activities, checking compliance with the mitigation measures; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 55 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  to accompany the environmental compensation programs and compensation actions of affected parties based on the Resettlement Action Plan;  to monitor and participate in the implementation of procedures to limit the negative social impacts from activities related to the Project, both among the Contractor's staff and within the communities involved in the Project;  to monitor the environmental and safety impacts of current activities, continuous review of the update of the proposed measures for mitigation activities and related impacts of the proposed work;  installation of a database containing information and records of supervisory activities;  to comply with and enforce existing laws and the requirements of environmental agencies and other relevant bodies involved;  maintain a record of complaints from the public and communicate these to the Contractor and external Auditor;  preparation of quarterly monitoring reports using the input of EFO and HSO reports and being based on own monitoring results; indicating non-compliances and develop measures to get compliance;  Act as a link between external Auditor and CC e.g. by (i) issuing site instructions giving effect to the Auditor’s requirements where applicable, (ii) accompany the external Auditor during audit inspections;  Report quarterly to FIPAG (see Figure 6-1). 5.5 Responsibilities of the External HSE Auditor It is recommended to perform an external audit twice a year during the entire construction period. The auditor shall be directly contracted by FIPAG. Specific tasks of this auditor are:  Being familiar with the ESMP requirements;  Perform site visits together with the HSE supervisor and with contractor’s EFO and HSO during audits;  Review records and reports prepared by HSE supervisor, EFO and HSO;  Check compliances with the ESMP and with the Occupational Health and Safety Plan as part of the overall HSE Plan;  Register all non-compliances with ESMP;  Elaborate measures how to reach compliance in co-operation with HSE supervisor, EFO and HSO;  Control and monitor implementation of management measures;  Elaborate bi-annual audit reports to send to FIPAG; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 56 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  Elaborate bi-annual audit reports to be submitted to MICOA and to the World Bank (see Figure 6-1). 5.6 Responsibilities of the Operator AdeM (�guas da Região de Maputo) will start to operate the new water treatment installations . Consequently, AdeM will be responsible for the implementation of the ESMP during the operational phase what shall be ensured by the FIPAG’s Environmental Engineer. Specific tasks of this engineer will be related to health and safety of the workers as proper storage and handling of e.g. chlorine gas needed for disinfection, and supervision of all measurements done in the raw and drinking water in order to ensure that the requirements of the national ‘Regulation on the Water Quality for Human Consumption’ are met. For that, AdeM will set up a monitoring program following national requirements and keep records about the produced drinking water quality at the treatment plant but nearby the consumer as well. AdeM will develop a Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Plan for the operation of the installations, especially the Water Treatment Plant. FIPAG’s Environmental Engineer will be responsible for implementation of the HSE Plan during operation. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 57 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 6. Management Measures In the following the proposed management measures elaborated during the ESIA process for the different phases to the Project are listed. It has to be emphasized that the existing Safeguard instruments developed by FIPAG for the WASIS Project2 shall also be applied for the construction of the installations of this water supply Project. Because the construction works to this Project will be tendered in two packages, the list of impacts and associated mitigation measures concerning the pre-construction and construction activities has also been split into two corresponding parts. The tables presented to the management measures valid for Part A of the ESMP are related to raw water abstraction, transport of the raw water to the water treatment plant and the water treatment process. In the following tables all impacts with their mitigation measures are given as identified in the different specialized studies set up to this Project. The issues/impacts (if not specifically related to a certain location/aspect) and their related management measures are the same for all components of the installations for Part A e.g. pipeline, potential access roads, pumping station, water treatment plant site, take off points. Responsibilities, monitoring/ supervising and their frequency as well as auditing of the measures are described. This has been detailed for the pre-construction, construction and operation/maintenance phases. For the decommissioning phase which will happen in far future with unknown relationships and existing bodies/entities only general indications are given. Regarding the operational phase the management measures have not been split because the entire installations will be run by AdeM, at least in the beginning of operation. In case of intended decommissioning of the installations a specific ESIA study for the intended works has to be elaborated following the actual legislation being in place at this time. The construction contractor is also obliged to provide Method Statements to certain construction activities as listed in Annexure A FIPAG’s Generic Framework EMP2. 2 FIPAG 2003: Generic Framework Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works WASIS (2007) “Water Sector Services and Institutional Support Project – Resettlement Policy Framework�. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 58 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A In the tables below authorities performing irregularly audits to certain aspects are given. Such audits can also be conducted in general by e.g. the Ministry of Public Works and Housing concerning all aspects or by the Ministry of Agriculture concerning land, agriculture, livestock, forestry, wildlife and agricultural hydraulics issues during the whole construction period (see Section 2.1). For inspection/monitoring/auditing of the implementation progress of these measures a possible template is shown in Annex II. The reporting requirements of the different parties involved in the implementation of management measures are described in Section 5 of this ESMP and shown in the following flow chart Figure 6-1. World Bank MICOA Bi-annual reports External, Environmental Engineer independent Bi-annual HSE Auditor reports FIPAG Quarterly reports Bi-annual reports for FIPAG Management Construction Contractor Resident Engineer Monthly reports Environmental Health and HSE Supervisor Field Officer Safety Officer Figure 6-1: Reporting requirements during construction phase 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 59 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 6.1 Design/Pre-Construction Phase MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 3 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Along the main MICOA Construction corridor and at all Changes in the FIPAG installation sites Use of existing cleared areas whenever possible; Contractor External landscape – Visual Resident impact Cut branches and shrubs manually (Environmental Auditor Engineer Field Officer) Regularly during contracted by detailed survey FIPAG At WTP site, Consider soil contamination prevention while along the main designing the sludge storage area; Detailed corridor MICOA The design and construction of the sludge storage engineering FIPAG shall follow the Regulation of Waste Management designer Contamination of During the External (Decree 13/2006) and consider the requirements Construction Soil and Sub-Soil Resident detailed Auditor for proper in the European Council Directive Contractor 1999/31 ; 4 Engineer engineering contracted by (Environmental process FIPAG Close each exploration hole after surveying with a Field Officer) cap Regularly during detailed survey 3 MICOA to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year during pre-construction and construction period 4 The main requirements of the European Council Directive 1999/31 are listed in Annex I 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 60 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Consider measures to prevent soil contamination Detailed with possible subsequent pollution of ground engineering MICOA water while designing the sludge storage area; FIPAG During the Disturbance of designer External The design and construction of the sludge storage detailed Ground Water Construction Auditor area shall follow the Regulation of Waste Resident engineering Quality Contractor contracted by Management (Decree 13/2006) and consider the Engineer process requirements as stipulated in the European (Environmental FIPAG Council Directive 1999/31. Field Officer) Detailed engineering MICOA FIPAG During the Disturbance of Back wash water will be send back to the raw designer External water and treated; detailed Surface Water Construction Auditor Resident engineering Quality Zero liquid effluent during normal operation. Contractor contracted by Engineer process (Environmental FIPAG Field Officer) 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 61 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 5 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Detailed Along the main MICOA Select surveying methods that have least engineering corridor and at all effect on the vegetation; designer FIPAG installation sites External Loss of plant cover Restrict vegetation removal to only Construction necessary areas; Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor Regularly during contracted by Manual cutting of branches. (Environmental detailed survey FIPAG Field Officer) Detailed Along the main MICOA Select surveying methods that have least engineering corridor and at all effect on the vegetation; designer Disturbance of FIPAG installation sites External Restrict vegetation removal to only Construction terrestrial fauna Resident Engineer Auditor necessary areas; Contractor Regularly during contracted by Manual cutting of branches (Environmental detailed survey FIPAG Field Officer) Detailed Restrict the access of vulnerable fauna MICOA engineering At crossings of using aquatic environment to the designer wetlands Disturbance of investigation area; FIPAG fauna using aquatic Construction External environment All the vulnerable aquatic species inside the Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor project area should be collected and Regularly during contracted by relocated (Environmental detailed survey FIPAG Field Officer) 5 MICOA to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year during pre-construction and construction period 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 62 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 5 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Use least destructive methods (manual cutting of vegetation) and clear the Detailed At crossings of MICOA vegetation only when really necessary; engineering wetlands Disturbance of the Use already cleared areas of the wetlands designer FIPAG External water quality of to cross when carrying out the surveying; Construction wetlands Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor Select already disturbed areas, where the Regularly during contracted by activity can cause minimum changes and (Environmental detailed survey FIPAG use techniques which prevent Field Officer) erosion(partial cutting of the vegetation) MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 6 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency For each position, must be disclosed the Local exact number of jobs available, the communities applicable period and the remuneration to along the main MICOA High expectation of Construction be allocated for each type of work; Contractor FIPAG corridor External the local communities in The hiring requirements must be clear, Auditor (Environmental Resident Engineer relation to job posts properly publicized before the start of the contracted by Field Officer) recruitment process and respected by the FIPAG designated contractor. For a better impact on the communities this process should be 6 MICOA to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year during pre-construction and construction period 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 63 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 6 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency conducted with the involvement of local leaders; The necessary skills for the positions must Regularly during be provided or, in cases where it is not detailed survey applicable, must be clearly indicated that no and during special qualifications are required; construction In the event there are local expectations for employment that cannot be met by the project, the limited availability of places should be made known to the interested parties through local authorities; The principles and procedures for hiring should, as far as possible, give priority to the hiring of skilled local workers. Dissemination to local communities of the Local extent of measures that will be taken in the communities short term to prevent false expectations and along the main MICOA Expectations of Construction corridor ensuring the credibility of the project among External short-term solution Contractor FIPAG the communities; Auditor to all problems of (Environmental Resident Engineer water supply Coordinate with local authorities, local and Regularly during contracted by Field Officer) traditional leaders the process of disclosure detailed survey FIPAG of the timing and targets of project and during implementation. construction 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 64 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 6 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency In the specific case of compensation for loss of farms and fruit trees, the Provincial Directorate of Agriculture (DPA) from Greater Maputo must be contacted in all cases of doubt regarding the compensation procedures, including negotiation with land users; Timely implementation of resettlement PAPs along the preparatory activities before the beginning main corridor of construction works for the water supply High expectations scheme: MICOA Construction of getting great Finalization and payment of compensation Contractor FIPAG External compensation in agreements for all justified cases, based on Auditor cases of (Environmental Resident Engineer clear eligibility criteria; contracted by resettlement Field Officer) Selection of resettlement site. FIPAG Participation of PAP in the finalization of During detailed compensation agreements and in the survey selection of the resettlement site; Timely provision of information and regular communication with affected communities regarding the resettlement process. Coordination with and involvement of local leaderships in the preparatory activities of the resettlement process. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 65 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 6 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Timely provision of information and regular communication with both affected and host communities regarding the resettlement process; At host Consult host communities about the communities resettlement process and the reception of receiving resettled Resistance of host people MICOA resettled households, before and during the Construction communities to resettlement process; Contractor FIPAG External receive resettled Auditor persons and Coordination with and involvement of local (Environmental Resident Engineer contracted by households leaders of host communities in the Field Officer) During detailed FIPAG preparatory activities of the resettlement survey and site; construction Ensure equality of access to existing period services and resources for both the host and the resettled populations, within the frame of the resettlement process. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 66 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 7 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Development and implementation of H&S Policy; Development and implementation of H&S Management Plan, incl. method statements Detailed MICOA and considering all prevention and engineering Ministry of Injuries or fatalities mitigation measures as described for the designer FIPAG During detailed Labour due to the incorrect construction phase; conception of Construction External engineering corridors Consideration of design requirements with Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor respect to occupational health & safety. (Health and contracted by Specific engineering details shall be Safety Officer) FIPAG provided and considered in the detailed design to be developed by the Contractor. Development and implementation of H&S Policy; Development and implementation of H&S Management Plan, incl. method statements Detailed MICOA Injuries or fatalities and considering all prevention and engineering Ministry of due to insufficient mitigation measures as described for the designer FIPAG Labour construction phase; During detailed number of escape Construction External engineering routes and escape Consideration of design requirements with Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor doors respect to occupational health & safety. (Health and contracted by Specific engineering details shall be Safety Officer) FIPAG provided and considered in the detailed design to be developed by the Contractor. 7 MICOA and Ministry of Work to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year during pre-constzruction and construction period 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 67 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 7 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Development and implementation of H&S Policy; MICOA Development and implementation of H&S Detailed Management Plan, incl. method statements engineering Injuries or fatalities Ministry of and considering all prevention and designer FIPAG due to lack of fire- Labour mitigation measures as described for the During detailed fighting equipment Construction construction phase; engineering and fire alarm Contractor Resident Engineer External system Consideration of design requirements with (Health and respect to occupational health & safety. Auditor Safety Officer) contracted by Specific engineering details shall be provided and considered in the detailed FIPAG design to be developed by the Contractor. Development and implementation of H&S Heat stress as a Policy; MICOA result of poor air Development and implementation of H&S Detailed conditioning added Management Plan, incl. method statements engineering Ministry of to insufficient work and considering all prevention and designer FIPAG Labour space for mitigation measures as described for the During detailed Construction operational staff, construction phase; engineering Contractor Resident Engineer External e.g. in Consideration of design requirements with administration (Health and Auditor respect to occupational health & safety. buildings and Safety Officer) contracted by Specific engineering details shall be workshops provided and considered in the detailed FIPAG design to be developed by the Contractor. Health related Development and implementation of H&S Detailed MICOA issues due to Policy; engineering FIPAG designer During detailed insufficient Development and implementation of H&S engineering Ministry of illumination at work Management Plan, incl. method statements Resident Engineer spaces Labour and considering all prevention and 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 68 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 7 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency mitigation measures as described for the construction phase; Construction External Consideration of design requirements with Contractor Auditor respect to occupational health & safety. (Health and contracted by Specific engineering details shall be Safety Officer) FIPAG provided and considered in the detailed design to be developed by the Contractor. Development and implementation of H&S Policy; MICOA Development and implementation of H&S Detailed Management Plan, incl. method statements engineering Ministry of Injuries or fatalities and considering all prevention and designer FIPAG Labour due to insufficient mitigation measures as described for the During detailed Construction space for construction phase; engineering Contractor Resident Engineer External operations Consideration of design requirements with (Health and Auditor respect to occupational health & safety. Safety Officer) contracted by Specific engineering details shall be provided and considered in the detailed FIPAG design to be developed by the Contractor. Development and implementation of H&S MICOA Policy; Detailed Development and implementation of H&S engineering Ministry of Injuries or fatalities Management Plan, incl. method statements designer FIPAG Labour and considering all prevention and During detailed due to insufficient Construction mitigation measures as described for the engineering illumination Contractor Resident Engineer External construction phase; (Health and Auditor Consideration of design requirements with Safety Officer) respect to occupational health & safety. contracted by Specific engineering details shall be FIPAG 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 69 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 7 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency provided and considered in the detailed design to be developed by the Contractor. Development and implementation of H&S Policy; MICOA Development and implementation of H&S Detailed Management Plan, incl. method statements engineering Ministry of Injuries or fatalities and considering all prevention and designer FIPAG Labour due to insufficient mitigation measures as described for the During detailed Construction width of escape construction phase; engineering Contractor Resident Engineer External doors Consideration of design requirements with (Health and Auditor respect to occupational health & safety. Safety Officer) contracted by Specific engineering details shall be provided and considered in the detailed FIPAG design to be developed by the Contractor. Development and implementation of H&S Policy; MICOA Development and implementation of H&S Detailed Management Plan, incl. method statements engineering Ministry of and considering all prevention and designer FIPAG Fatalities due to Labour mitigation measures as described for the During detailed insufficient welfare Construction construction phase; engineering facilities Contractor Resident Engineer External Consideration of design requirements with (Health and Auditor respect to occupational health & safety. Safety Officer) contracted by Specific engineering details shall be provided and considered in the detailed FIPAG design to be developed by the Contractor. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 70 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DESIGN/PRE-CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 7 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Getting land mine clearance for the whole main MICOA corridor including Screening of possible land mines in the National access roads, investigation area to be undertaken by the Demining Institute installation site, Ministry of National Demining Institute; lay-down areas, Labour FIPAG Land mines Before start of any activity, a land mine Construction worker’s camps Resident Engineer clearance certificate of the National Contractor etc. External Demining Institute for the area of future (Health and Auditor construction activities shall be obtained. Safety Officer) contracted by Before starting FIPAG the detailed survey 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 71 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 6.2 Construction Phase MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 8 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Use paint with colours that match the Along the main corridor and at all MICOA environment to minimize visual impact of the structure; Construction installation sites Changes of FIPAG Contractor External landscape - Visual Retain a belt of trees/bush around facilities (Environmental Resident Engineer Auditor impact built to minimize visual impact Field Officer) contracted by Remove all temporary construction related Regularly during FIPAG installations not needed for operation. construction Acquire, use and maintain mobile toilets; Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery; Along the main Refuelling activities restricted to areas with corridor and at all concrete or impermeable and bunded installation sites MICOA surface: Construction FIPAG External Soils contamination Contractor Adequate supplies of absorbent material Auditor (Environmental Resident Engineer must be available at all fuel storage and contracted by Field Officer) handling areas; FIPAG Train workforce in their use and safe Regularly during disposal; construction Prepare and reinforce awareness on waste management and refuelling procedure; 8 MICOA to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 72 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 8 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Leaking or empty oil drums must be removed from the site immediately with measures in place to prevent contamination; Prepare and implement a Waste Management Plan. Restrict the area of construction activities to Along the main the minimum possible; corridor and at all Use appropriate machinery and/or installation sites MICOA protective boarding during soil stripping; including access Construction Soils erosion and Remove and stockpile topsoil, subsoils and Contractor FIPAG roads External compaction any parent material separately; (Environmental Resident Engineer Auditor Use the stockpiled material in the origin Field Officer) contracted by area; FIPAG Topsoil storage periods shall be kept to a Regularly during minimum. construction Noise and vibration awareness training for all site staff including subcontractors as part Along the main of general site induction; corridor and at all Restrict construction and operation of installation sites heavy machines to daylight; MICOA Construction Noise and vibration Ensure noise emissions are kept within the FIPAG External Contractor emissions World Bank standards; Auditor (Environmental Resident Engineer contracted by Inform local communities on the activities Field Officer) FIPAG schedule; Regularly during Reduce needed truck movements by construction careful planning of needs of construction period material; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 73 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 8 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Vehicles will not be left turned on or idling at the site for longer than minimum amount of time required to complete site activities; All vehicles and construction machinery shall have an efficient muffler design in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. This also includes high noise generating hand helds like power drills, saws, nail guns etc. The mufflers shall be well maintained and regularly tested with the results documented in the maintenance logs. Regular and effective equipment maintenance in order to ensure all machinery is in good working order and use does not generate excess noise/vibration. Water the soil surface and any non- asphalted roads, especially in the dry season; Water the soil before starting excavating Along the main and during and after burial of the pipeline; corridor and at all MICOA The storage and handling of spoil, subsoil, installation sites Dust and gaseous topsoil and materials should be carefully Construction FIPAG External emissions managed to minimise the risk of wind-blown Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor material and dust; contracted by Burning of any waste on site is prohibited; Regularly during FIPAG Vehicle engines must not be left running construction unnecessarily; Regular and proper maintenance of vehicles and machinery. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 74 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 8 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency At wetland crossings MICOA Detailed Alteration of engineering Consider the seasonal sensitivity of FIPAG hydrology of designer During detailed External ecological resources when planning drainage lines and Resident Engineer engineering Auditor wetland crossings Construction wetlands design contracted by Contractor Before start of FIPAG construction Prepare and implement plans and procedures covering techniques for isolating and containing the source, use of absorbent material to mop up the spill, excavation of trenches, appropriate disposal of contaminated material; Always have spill response equipment Along the main available on site; corridor and at all installation sites MICOA Regular maintenance of vehicles and Contamination of machinery; drainage lines, Construction FIPAG External Refuelling activities restricted to areas with wetlands and Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor concrete or impermeable and bunded groundwater contracted by surface: FIPAG Adequate supplies of absorbent material Regularly during must be available at all fuel storage and construction handling areas; Train workforce in their use and safe disposal; Prepare and reinforce awareness on waste management and refuelling procedure; Leaking or empty oil drums must be 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 75 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 8 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency removed from the site immediately with measures in place to prevent contamination; No silt/turbid discharge water from trench dewatering operations will be allowed to enter any drainage/water body/wetland, unless the drain or water body is dry and well vegetated; Discharge of water from dewatering and hydrotesting operations will be in accordance with relevant Mozambican water quality legislation and World Bank discharge guidelines; Hazardous materials, chemicals, fuels or lubricating oils will not be stored, and refuelling and concrete coating activities (excluding field joints) will not be carried out within 30m of a watercourse; Prepare and implement an Integrated Water Management Plan; Corrosion inhibition chemicals, oxygen scavengers or biocides will only be used in the hydro test water, after obtaining the related authorization. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 76 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 9 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Experienced ecological advisors must be appointed and be present on each spread during construction activities to chase animals away and collecting and relocating sensitive species from the area, preventing them to be harmed; Access routes must be selected limiting passage through wetlands, avoiding Along the main sensitive areas and minimizing erosion; corridor and at all installation sites Unless of benefit to local communities, Temporary loss of temporary roads will be removed when no MICOA habitat and longer needed and will be reinstated; component species Selection of temporary sites for work camps Construction FIPAG External within the and laydown yards along the pipeline Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor construction corridor in order to avoid natural areas with contracted by corridor minimal impact on fauna and flora. Selected FIPAG sites to be approved by FIPAG; All personnel must be briefed on Regularly during environmental sensitivities in the construction surrounding area; Reinstatement to maintain habitat continuity as far as is practicable; At the commencement of works, the working width will be clearly delineated where it passes through environmental sensitive areas; 9 MICOA to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 77 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 9 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Hunting, fishing and the carrying of firearms by construction personnel will be strictly prohibited. Along the main MICOA Restrict construction activities and corridor and at all Disturbance of operation of heavy machines to daylight, Construction FIPAG installation sites External wildlife by noise when most wildlife is active and can react to Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor noise. Regularly during contracted by construction FIPAG Water the soil surface and any unpaved Along the main roads at least once a day during the dry corridor and at all MICOA Disturbance of season; installation sites plant processes Water the soil before starting digging and Construction FIPAG External and wildlife by dust during and after burial of the pipeline; Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor generated If the soil removed from the trench is going contracted by to be left out for some days, cover the soil Regularly during FIPAG to prevent dust emission by wind. construction Align the excavations to follow existing Along the main parallel roads and agricultural lands, which corridor and at all were previously cleared; Detailed installation sites MICOA In areas of dense vegetation cover, the engineering Loss of vegetation FIPAG removal of vegetation must be restricted to designer Partly during External cover and plant the minimum necessary width; detailed Auditor diversity Resident Engineer Unbury and replant slow growing large Construction engineering contracted by trees such as Aloes and Euphorbias to Contractor design FIPAG nearly cleared areas away from pipeline Regularly during route. construction 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 78 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 9 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Experienced ecological advisors must be appointed and be present on each spread during construction activities to chase animals away and collecting and relocating sensitive species from the area, preventing them to be harmed; Restrict construction activities do the Along the main daylight; corridor and at all MICOA Inspect the area to be cleared for any installation sites Disturbance and terrestrial fauna before bush clearing and FIPAG Construction External mortality of digging; Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor terrestrial fauna Protect any trench left overnight with a net contracted by fence to block fauna from being trapped Regularly during FIPAG inside; construction Capture and release fauna away from the direct influence zone (including species trapped in the trenches); Carry out large scale bush clearing activities to the dry season, to avoid interfering with nesting and breeding. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 79 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 9 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Along the main Plan the deployment of the pipeline corridor corridor and at all in order to avoid the ponds and pans, to installation sites MICOA reduce disturbance of wetlands. Restore Detailed Loss of habitat and the closed trench with original soil. The engineering FIPAG disturbance of closed trench will then be overgrown by the designer Partly during External wildlife using the original plant cover very fast; detailed Auditor wetlands Construction Resident Engineer engineering contracted by Carry out an education program to the Contractor design FIPAG worker on importance of wetland environments. Regularly during construction Set the workers camp at already cleared areas; Supply alternative sources of energy (e.g. Along the main corridor and at all MICOA solar power) for cooking to avoid Poaching and destruction of the vegetation; Construction installation sites clearing of Contractor FIPAG External vegetation caused Provide environmental awareness program Environmental Resident Engineer Auditor by worker’s influx to the employees on conservation of Field Officer vegetation and wildlife; contracted by Regularly during FIPAG Hunting, fishing and the carrying of firearms construction by construction personnel will be strictly prohibited. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 80 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 9 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Provide environmental awareness to the Along the main employees on solid wastes; corridor and at all MICOA Prepare and implement the Solid Waste Construction installation sites Pollution by solid Management Plan; Contractor FIPAG External wastes Provide the proper containers for disposal Environmental Resident Engineer Auditor of solid wastes; Field Officer Regularly during contracted by Collect regularly and dispose properly the construction FIPAG solid wastes. phase Along the main corridor and at all Educate the employees on fire installation sites MICOA management; Construction Occurrence of Contractor FIPAG External Disseminate measures to prevent fires; Auditor uncontrolled fires Environmental Resident Engineer Provide fire extinguishers to fight Field Officer contracted by unexpected fires. Regularly during FIPAG construction phase 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 81 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 10 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency In the dialogues of health and safety should explain to workers about the importance of keeping a good relationship with local communities; Amongst the local workers should be a Along the main group of community liaison, responsible for corridor and at all establishing communication between installation sites project staff and community, which will be MICOA Conflicts among particularly important in cases of complaint. FIPAG External workers and the Construction Such elements should be familiar with the Auditor local population in Contractor Resident Engineer project in general and being able to contracted the project area properly troubleshoot or forward any by FIPAG complaints/claims; Regularly during Should be established and implemented a construction set of rules (or a Code of Conduct) for the phase workplace. The standards should include, inter alia, the entry of persons outside the service and the prohibition of prostitution in the storage yards. 10 MICOA to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 82 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 10 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Responsibilities Implement the Resettlement Action Plan, for Destruction or before starting work; implementation of disruption of Minimize the population to relocate by the Resettlement infrastructure and occasional changes in the route of Action Plan 11 social and pipelines; (RAP) see the economic loss of Where the contractor accidentally interfere stand alone RAP Report to the Along the main tangible and with populations structures and assets, he Project corridor and at all intangible goods should make the due compensation in (partial or complete coordination with local authorities and installation sites MICOA destruction of project proponent; FIPAG External homes, Where the contractor need to develop Auditor businesses, Resident Engineer activities around homes and farms, Construction contracted farmland and fruit preference should be given to manual by FIPAG Contractor trees and means; Regularly during (Environmental consequent Selection of temporary sites for work camps Engineer) construction disruption of daily and laydown yards by the CC along the life and economic pipeline corridor in order to avoid any activity of the interference with population structures and affected assets; use of agricultural land shall be population) avoided. Selected sites to be approved by FIPAG. 11 The stand alone report about the resettlement needs (Vol. 9 of the ESIA studies presented) contains the detailed costs for implementing the compensation measures 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 83 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 10 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Restricting children's access to work areas; Increase police presence in areas of greatest concentrations of people, so to Along the main persuade any attempt child trafficking; corridor and at all Carry out awareness campaigns against installation sites MICOA Potential increase trafficking in children, showing the FIPAG External Construction in human trafficking behaviours and typical attitudes of Auditor Contractor Resident Engineer or exploitation traffickers; contracted Collaboration between the community and by FIPAG the police in reporting suspicious attitudes; Regularly during construction Implement the Strategy of Prevention of Human Trafficking of the MCA to be prepared during the pre-construction phase. Establish clear formal hiring requirements, to be observed by the contractor; The hiring requirements must be clear, properly publicized before the start of the recruitment process and respected by the Along the main designated contractor. For a better impact corridor and at all Creation of installation sites MICOA on the communities this process should be reduced jobs and FIPAG External conducted with the involvement of local Construction improvement of Auditor leaders; Contractor Resident Engineer living conditions of contracted the population The required skills for the positions must be by FIPAG provided or, in cases where it is not Regularly during applicable, must be clearly indicated that no construction special qualifications are required; For each position, must be disclosed the exact number of jobs available, the applicable period and the remuneration to 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 84 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 10 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency be allocated for each type of work; The principles and procedures for hiring should, as far as possible, give priority to the hiring of skilled local workers; Much as possible, training should be given to local people to perform semi-specialized tasks, so as to reduce the number of workers from outside for this purpose; In the event where are local expectations for employment that cannot be met by the project, the limited availability of places should be made known to the interested parties through local authorities. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 85 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Workers’ Health and Safety Workers must be aware of the risk and trained by the Health and Safety Officer; During digging of the trench only workers needed for this activity shall be on site; The intended works shall be announced to At the crossing of the owner/operator of the gas pipeline the gas pipeline already during the pre-construction phase from Panda to MICOA (also to get the permit); Ressano Garcia All works near the gas pipeline shall be FIPAG north of the WTP Ministry of done in close cooperation with the FIPAG Labour Crossing of Gas owner/operator of the gas pipeline; Construction Pipeline The owner/operator of the gas pipeline shall Contractor Resident Engineer send engineers with maps showing exact (Health and External location of the pipeline prior start of digging Safety Officer) Auditor works; contracted Prior start of by FIPAG These engineers shall be present during digging, lay down and refilling activities and works for crossing shall supervise the works. the gas pipeline The digging activities shall be done during time of low load of the gas pipeline. During the digging activities the gas pipeline shall be shut off. 12 MICOA and Ministry of Work to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 86 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency MICOA Drinking water must be provided in Ministry of accordance with the applicable national and Storage places for Labour WHO recommendations and guidelines; drinking water Ministry of Unsafe drinking Construction FIPAG The water must be tested once per week if Health water Contractor Resident Engineer it is served from tanks or containers; External The drinking water must be stored at a cool Weekly Auditor and shadowed place. contracted by FIPAG The H&S Management Plan must include procedures to avoid repetitive motion and wrong manual handling; Using automation and lifting equipment; Organizing manual handling tasks in a safe way, with loads split into smaller ones; MICOA Providing information and training to Along the main workers on tasks, and the use of equipment corridor and at all Ministry of Injuries or fatalities and correct handling techniques. Workers installation sites Labour Construction FIPAG from improper must be instructed, at least verbally, about Contractor Resident Engineer manual handling the risks a certain manual handling could External have; Regularly during Auditor Manual work must be carried out by construction contracted workers having the physical conditions to by FIPAG undertake the tasks without any risks to their health (consider experience and familiarity with the job, age and historical of injuries); 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 87 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Sufficient breaks must be implemented and organized to ensure the possibility for having a rest from repetitive tasks or heavy manual handling, especially under hot ambient conditions. The arrangements for breaks must be communicated to all concerned workers; Suitable and proved PPE must be provided to each worker without any cost; It should be considered that, as included in the FIPAG Generic Framework Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works, manual excavation is preferred. The H&S Management Plan must include procedures to avoid slips and falls as well as to assure the maintenance of the Along the main construction site; corridor and at all Good Housekeeping Practices include: installation sites MICOA - Cables and ropes on the ground and that Ministry of cross walkways must be covered to avoid Labour and prevent falls and any damage to Construction FIPAG Slips and falls External electrical cables; Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor - Removing obstacles from walkways; contracted - Mopping or sweeping debris from floors; by FIPAG - Keeping working areas and walkways well Regularly during lit; construction - Securing (tacking, taping, etc.) mats, rugs and carpets; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 88 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency - Closing file cabinet or storage drawers; Method statements and instructions must be implemented to avoid the presence of waste debris, construction materials and liquid spills outside the designated storage areas; Specific staff members should be appointed to ensure the security of the site against slips and falls. In case that any obstacles or liquids are identified, they should be removed without undue delay; Communication to all workers and employees to prevent slips and falls should be provided during all times of the work by the site management and supervisors; Providing appropriate PPE (e.g. boots). Scaffolds and ladders - Must be inspected by competent person prior to use. They should only be used on MICOA even ground and they must be in good Along the main conditions without any damages or missing corridor and at all Ministry of parts affecting the secure use of the ladder installation sites Labour or scaffold; Construction FIPAG Fall from height Contractor Resident Engineer - Scaffolds should be set up by trained External persons only; Regularly during Auditor - Before the use of a ladder or scaffold, the construction contracted appointed workers should be familiarized by FIPAG with the results of the risk assessment; Trenches 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 89 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency - Must be secured against fall in of workers. The block must be solid enough to prevent a fall into the trench. Open trenches shall not exceed a length of 300 m; - One end of the trench shall be sloped to allow the egress of a person that fell into the trench; Use of fall prevention devices including, - Safety belt and lanyard travel limiting devices to prevent access to fall hazard area; - Fall protection devices such as full body harnesses used in conjunction with shock absorbing lanyards attached to fixed anchor point or horizontal life-lines; Installation of guardrails with mid-rails and toe boards at the edge of any fall hazard area; Appropriate training in use, serviceability, and integrity of the necessary PPE; Inclusion of rescue and/or recovery plans, and equipment to respond to workers after an arrested fall. Construction materials, building material Along the main and building equipment must be secured Construction corridor and at all MICOA against fall if they are used at an elevated Contractor FIPAG installation sites Struck by objects level. Suitable measures are depending on (Health and Resident Engineer the height of the executed work and Safety Officer) Ministry of include: Labour 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 90 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency - The use of debris nets, catch platforms, or canopies to catch or deflect falling objects; External - The use of toe-boards, screens, or Auditor guardrails on scaffolds to prevent falling contracted objects; by FIPAG Regularly during The HSE staff should introduce the risks of construction struck by objects to all workers in the respective HSE meetings; Ejection of solid particles, as well as its consequences, can be avoided if only well- maintained tools with all security devices are used; Power tools must only be used by competent trained workers; Personal Protective Equipment (specially eye protection and helmets); When there is overhead work, the areas must be barricaded as hazard areas and warning signs posted; Walkways should be demarcated, to avoid walking and/or working under moving loads; Safety signage should be erected demarcating PPE compulsory areas. Establish a traffic plan for the site; Injuries or fatalities Ensure all visiting drivers report to site Along the main MICOA Construction FIPAG due to moving management before entering the site; corridor and at all Contractor Resident Engineer machineries Ensure that vehicles and pedestrians are installation sites Ministry of segregated where possible (provide a Labour 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 91 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency physical barrier to achieve the segregation); Ensure there are suitable pedestrian External crossing points on vehicle routes; Auditor Install speed ramps and warning signs. contracted Warning signs must be implemented to by FIPAG inform about the possibility of risks by moving machineries; Prior start of the Banksmen must be available to provide the construction necessary assistance to drivers and works operators; Regularly during Check whether the vehicles require audible construction warning devices e.g. on reversing lorries, and flashing beacons on vehicles to increase their visibility; Areas restricted from access by other workers and by the public, e.g. pedestrians, must be implemented and clearly demarked. Restricting the circulation of delivery and private vehicles to defined routes and areas, giving preference to ‘one- way’ circulation, where appropriate; Good design and planning in the prebuild phase. Architects, designers, and planners can significantly reduce the risk of vehicle accidents; Training and licensing industrial vehicle operators in the safe operation of specialized vehicles such as forklifts, including safe loading/unloading, load 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 92 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency limits; Establishment of a traffic plan for the site: establishing rights-of-way, site speed limits, vehicle inspection requirements, operating rules and procedures (e.g. prohibiting operation of forklifts with forks in down position), and control of traffic patterns or direction. Where substitution is not possible, other Along the main engineering control methods should be corridor and at all MICOA introduced: installation sites - Use of wet processes (dirty tracks as well Ministry of as the excavated soil stored close to the Labour trench must be regularly watered to prevent Health related the generation of dust); Construction FIPAG Ministry of issues due to dust - Use of vacuums instead of brooms; Contractor Resident Engineer Health emissions Use of Personal Protective Equipment may be vital, but it should nevertheless be the last resort of protection (PPE should not be Prior start of the External a substitute for proper dust control and construction Auditor should be used only where dust control works contracted methods are not yet effective or are Regularly during by FIPAG inadequate). construction Specific Safe Working Procedures must be Injuries or fatalities developed if entering a Confined Space Along the main MICOA from working in cannot be avoided; Construction FIPAG corridor and at all confined spaces Safety precautions should include the Contractor Resident Engineer installation sites and excavations Provision of Self Contained Breathing Ministry of Apparatus (SCBA) and Rescue Harnesses; Labour 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 93 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Workers must be trained and experienced; Special tools should be provided (where External potentially explosive atmospheres are Auditor likely); Regularly during contracted Lighting and Ventilation should be provided; construction by FIPAG Side walls of trenches must be secured so that no collapse occurs. The security could be ensured by using a trench shoring system implemented by a qualified company or by qualified and trained workers; The correct installation must be checked before workers are entering the trench. Fuel stores must be as low in volume as practicable; any leaks of the stores must be avoided and prevented. The outlet of the Along the main corridor and at all stores, drums, tanks etc. must be secured MICOA installation sites and locked. Bunds must be empty at any time; any spills must be removed Exposure to immediately. The storage areas must be Ministry of Chemicals, secured against damage because of FIPAG Labour Construction Hazardous or vehicle collision; Contractor Resident Engineer Flammable Keep the number of employees exposed to External Materials a minimum; Auditor Adequate ventilation must be provided in contracted case of enclosed spaces; by FIPAG Regularly during Emergency numbers and MSDS must be construction available and displayed; The workers shall be trained to handle 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 94 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency chemicals, hazardous or flammable materials and pass yearly exams Electric tools must be checked (for frayed or exposed cords) on a regular basis to assure that they are in good and safe conditions; Along the main MICOA All energized electrical devices and lines corridor and at all should be marked with warning signs; installation sites Ministry of Protecting power cords and extension cords FIPAG Labour against damage from traffic by shielding or Construction Electric shock suspending above traffic areas; Contractor Resident Engineer Appropriate labelling of service rooms External housing high voltage equipment (‘electrical Auditor hazard’) and where entry is controlled or Regularly during contracted prohibited; construction by FIPAG Conducting detailed identification and marking of all buried electrical wiring prior to any excavation work. Ideally, controls would go from elimination Along the main MICOA of the noise source, to substitution of the corridor and at all noise source, isolation or segregation of the installation sites noise source, and administrative controls, Ministry of which can include: Labour Health related Construction FIPAG - Warnings as to health effects and training issues due to noise Contractor Resident Engineer Ministry of and education of personnel on avoiding unnecessary noise generation; Health - Scheduling of noisy work to times when the least workers are present; Regularly during External - Surveillance and job rotation where construction Auditor 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 95 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency exposure to noise is significant; contracted If engineering and administrative controls by FIPAG do not reduce the noise levels sufficiently, approved hearing protection devices (HPD) need to be provided, worn and maintained. A reasonable mitigation measure, of more importance than wearing hearing protection devices, is the reduction of noise levels to an as low as possible level. Noise levels should be kept below the LEAV of 80 dB(A) wherever possible. Carry out awareness campaigns for workers on ways of transmission of STIs and HIV/AIDS, including risk behaviours; Along the main corridor and at all MICOA Recruit a specialist organization to implement activities to raise awareness installation sites about STIs and HIV/AIDS at the community Ministry of level. Special attention should be given to Labour Increased sex workers, women and local girls; incidence of FIPAG Provide free condoms in the project area; Construction Ministry of diseases, including In the awareness-raising is expected to Contractor Resident Engineer Health the spread of HIV/AIDS encourage employees to undergo HIV testing (outside the scope of the External employment contract); Auditor Encourage employees to submit to the contracted treatment of STIs in early stage of Regularly during by FIPAG infection/diagnosis, to minimize the risk of construction HIV infection and create conditions for this purpose - such conditions include the 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 96 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 12 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency granting of license for which the worker can move to the sanitary unit and creation of internal mechanisms to allow workers not refrain from seeking health care due to lack of funds; Forward workers to clinics for early treatment and monitoring of secondary infections/opportunistic such as coughs, flu and pneumonia. Getting land mine clearance for the whole main corridor including MICOA access roads, installation site, Ministry of The CC shall undertake an awareness Construction lay-down areas, FIPAG Labour campaign to sensitize the workers Contractor worker’s camps Land mines regarding the dangerous of land mines and (Health and Resident Engineer etc. their possible occurrence. Safety Officer) External Auditor Prior start of contracted detailed survey by FIPAG and any construction activity 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 97 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Community Health and Safety The intended works shall be announced to the owner/operator of the gas pipeline already during the pre-construction phase (also to get the needed permit); At the crossing of All works near the gas pipeline shall be the gas pipeline done in close cooperation with the from Panda to owner/operator of the gas pipeline; Ressano Garcia MICOA FIPAG The owner/operator of the gas pipeline shall north of the WTP Crossing of Gas send engineers with maps showing exact FIPAG External Pipeline location of the pipeline prior start of digging Construction Resident Engineer Auditor works; Contractor contracted by These engineers shall be present during (Health and FIPAG digging, lay down and refilling activities and Safety Officer) Prior start of shall supervise the works, works for crossing the gas pipeline The digging activities shall be done during time of low load of the gas pipeline. During the digging activities the gas pipeline shall be shut off. The intended crossings shall be announced At crossings of MICOA to the road authority already during the pre- FIPAG roads construction phase (also to get the needed FIPAG External Crossing of roads permit); Construction Resident Engineer Auditor The opening of the existing road shall be Contractor contracted by announced to the local traffic police FIPAG 13 MICOA to perform audits irregularly, external auditor two times a year 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 98 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency department population prior start of the Prior start of and activities; during The affected road side shall be closed and construction the diversion route for cars and for activity pedestrians shall be marked clearly; Ensure that the positioning of the signs is safe, effective and clearly visible; Install proper signs at the actual construction site area at night by means of illuminating flagger. Advertise in the media about the traffic restrictions whenever they are happening; Install a good signalling of the work areas indicating alternative routes, speed restrictions and detours on the road while Along the main the works take place; corridor where Hire and train staff signallers to guide pipeline is running MICOA Disruption of the motorists and pedestrians in high traffic nearby roads transit of people areas; Construction FIPAG External and vehicles during Build safe passage over the trenches that Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor the construction will be opened in order to minimize the phase nuisance of works for the local population; contracted by FIPAG Educate local people about road safety and the presence of construction activities in the Regularly during area leading to the presence of an construction excessive number of vehicles; Observe speed limits for construction vehicles (20 km/h on unpaved roads and regulated by signalling on paved pathways). 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 99 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Road safety initiatives proportional to the scope and nature of project activities and related to the roads used should include: Introduction of best transport safety method statements across all aspects of project operations with the goal of preventing traffic accidents and minimizing injuries suffered by the project personnel and the public. The method statements should include: - Licensing of drivers; Along the main - Training of drivers and improvement of corridor driving skills; MICOA - Adopting limits for trip duration and Traffic accidents arranging driver rosters to avoid FIPAG Construction External and injuries to overtiredness Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor community people Regular maintenance of vehicles and use of contracted by manufacturer approved parts to minimize FIPAG potentially serious accidents caused by Regularly during equipment malfunction or premature failure; construction Where the project may contribute to a significant increase in traffic along existing roads, recommended measures include: - Collaboration with local communities and responsible authorities to improve signage, visibility and overall safety of roads, particularly along stretches located near schools or other locations where children may be present. Collaborating with local communities 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 100 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency on education about traffic and pedestrian safety (e.g. school education campaigns); - Coordination with emergency responders to ensure that appropriate first aid is provided in the event of accidents; - Using locally sourced materials, whenever possible, to minimize transport distances. Locating associated facilities such as worker camps close to project sites and arranging worker bus transport to minimize external traffic; Employing safe traffic control measures, including road signs and flag persons to warn about dangerous conditions; Areas restricted from access by the public must be implemented and clearly demarked Concentrate all activities during the daytime At all construction MICOA hours will reduce the incidence of the sites impact; Health related In case that the construction activities result Ministry of issues due to in a cumulative noise level of more than FIPAG Health Construction exposure to high 45 dB(A) during night-time (22.00 to 07.00) Contractor Resident Engineer noise and vibration close to residential, institutional or External levels educational areas, the construction must be Auditor stopped. contracted by Regularly during The vehicles and equipment should be construction FIPAG inspected regularly to ensure its proper 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 101 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency functioning and limit the release of fumes/noise; Avoiding construction works on days of high winds in order to control the incidence of this impact; Staffs who are working directly with the machinery generating noise, including his short stay in areas where noise is excessive will be provided ear protection equipment of insertion type, as recommended in the EMP; Installing silencers and noise control mechanisms (insulates) in equipment and machines that emit high levels of noise; The transport of materials should be done within the limits of the equipment load and speed. On unpaved roads should be limited to 20 km/h; A noise prediction calculation must be undertaken in advance to the construction in such areas, considering the peak noise emission from the machineries to be used. The noise prediction must be done at representative locations. The noise calculation must be verified at the site during construction. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 102 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency At all construction MICOA sites Ministry of Health related Dirty tracks, as well as the excavated soil FIPAG Health Construction issues due to stored close to the trench, must be regularly External Contractor Resident Engineer exposure to dust watered to prevent the generation of dust. Auditor Regularly during contracted by construction FIPAG Trenches must be secured against falling in. The trench must be separated from public areas by using blocks. The block must be suitable solid to prevent a fall into the trench. One end of the trench shall be sloped to allow the egress of person fallen into the trench; Assess the physical and psychological At all construction MICOA fitness of workers who have jobs that run at sites Injuries or fatalities FIPAG high altitude, put qualified persons for the Construction External from fall from purpose; Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor height All workers involved in construction should Regularly during contracted by receive induction training in health and construction FIPAG occupational safety before enter into the project and participate in Daily Health and Safety Dialogues (DHS); Awareness about health and safety at work is a key component in compliance with Mozambican legislation on this aspect and to prevent accidents; The training should be delivered by appropriately qualified personnel for this 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 103 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency purpose. Workers must be trained to be able to identify the risks associated with their business and know how to proceed in cases of emergency; Compose and disseminate, through training in occupational health and safety, a manual with safety procedures for the construction phase. This manual should contain but not limited to the following: - Information about construction materials to be used (its risks, safety specifications, method of handling, transport and storage, usually made from a summary of the material safety data sheets); - The major risks associated with various processes of construction, with work safety rules; - The signs to be used in the work, as well as procedures to adopt in case of accidents; Ensure that adequate first aid equipment is available and that all workers are properly trained to use; Ensure that workers are trained and equipped to respond to accidents; Provide personal protective equipment (PPE) and enforce its use; Working equipment at heights or in confined spaces should be properly. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 104 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Construction materials, building material and building equipment must be secured At all construction MICOA against fall if they are used at an elevated sites level. Suitable measures are depending on Construction FIPAG External Struck by objects the height of the executed work; Contractor Resident Engineer Auditor Storage of pipes: use supports or strips Regularly during contracted by between the layers of stacked pipes and construction FIPAG block them. Development of a HIV Policy and Awareness and Prevention Plan; Awareness of workers about transmission modes of HIV/AIDS and other STIs, including the consequences of risky behaviours; Recruitment of a specialized organization to In communities MICOA implement activities to raise the awareness along the main about HIV/AIDS and other STIs at corridor and all workers Ministry of community level. Special attention will be Health related FIPAG Health given to sex workers, local women and girls Construction issued from in general; Contractor Resident Engineer HIV/AIDS External Carry out awareness campaigns for Prior of and workers on ways of transmission of STIs during Auditor and HIV/AIDS, including risk behaviours; construction contracted by Provision of free condoms in the project activities FIPAG area; Recruit a specialist organization to implement activities to raise awareness about STIs and HIV/AIDS at the community level. Special attention should be given to sex workers, women and local girls; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 105 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE Health and Safety Impacts Responsible for Monitoring/ Location 13 Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Encouraging employees to do HIV testing (outside the scope of work duties); Encouraging workers to submit themselves to treatment of STIs in the early stages of infection/diagnosis, to minimize the risk of HIV infection and create conditions for this purpose. Such conditions include the granting of license for workers to go to the hospital and create internal mechanisms to avoid hesitation from seeking health care due to lack funds; Forward employees to health units for early treatment and monitoring of secondary infections/opportunistic such as coughs, flu and pneumonia. Focus should be given on the avoidance of the mosquito vector i.e. the appearance of permanent open water bodies and/or their increase (in number and in surface area) At all construction MICOA that serve as reproduction biotopes for sites Mosquitoes. Ministry of Environmental Control (reducing the Health Construction FIPAG Malaria number of mosquito vector through the use Contractor Resident Engineer of insecticides) should be done periodically. External Special attention should be given to Auditor housekeeping and maintenance of contracted by cleanliness across all sites. FIPAG Regularly during The continuous ABCDE’s of the Malaria construction Awareness and Prevention Plan must be maintained. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 106 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 6.3 Operation/Maintenance Phase MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Water the soil surface and any non- asphalted roads, especially in the dry At all season; maintenance sites Water the soil before starting activities; The storage and handling of spoil, subsoil, Operator topsoil and materials should be carefully Air Quality (Environmental Self monitoring by managed to minimise the risk of wind blown MICOA degradation Engineer) Operator material and dust; Contractor Burning of any waste on site is prohibited; Vehicle engines must not be left running During unnecessarily; maintenance Regular and proper maintenance of activities vehicles and machinery. Ensure noise emissions are kept within the At all World Bank standards; maintenance sites Operator MICOA Inform local communities on the activities (Environmental Noise and vibration Self monitoring by schedule; Engineer) emissions Operator Ministry of Monitor the noise biannually to ensure that Contractor During Health the surrounding communities and fauna are maintenance not being disturbed. activities Consider soil contamination prevention Detailed FIPAG At WTP site Contamination of while designing the sludge storage site; engineering Resident Engineer Soil Use of a geomembrane (UV resistant) to designer during construction MICOA prevent soil from contamination; During detailed 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 107 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Control of the geomembrane for ruptures; engineering The design and construction of the sludge Construction Self monitoring by design and during External storage site shall follow the Regulation of contractor Operator construction. auditor Waste Management (Decree 13/2006) and Operator Monthly control of during consider the requirements in the European (Environmental the geomembrane construction Council Directive 1999/31. Engineer) during operation Consider measures to prevent pollution of At WTP site ground water while designing the sludge storage site; Detailed engineering FIPAG During detailed MICOA Use of a geomembrane (UV resistant) to designer Resident Engineer engineering prevent groundwater contamination; Contamination of Construction during construction design and during External Ground Water Control of the geomembrane for ruptures; contractor construction. auditor The design and construction of the sludge Operator during Self monitoring by Monthly control of storage site shall follow the Regulation of (Environmental construction Operator the geo- Waste Management (Decree 13/2006) and Engineer) membrane during consider the requirements as stipulated in operation the European Council Directive 1999/31. Back wash water will be send back to the Self monitoring by At WTP site Disturbance of raw water and treated; Operator Surface Water Operator MICOA (Environmental Quality Zero liquid effluent during normal operation. Yearly Engineer) 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 108 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency At all If needed, during the pipeline maintenance, maintenance sites Loss of vegetation remove the vegetation manually; Self monitoring by cover during Operator Operator Rehabilitate all the temporary access roads MICOA maintenance Contractor (Environmental Regularly during activities not in use to promote recovery of Engineer) vegetation. maintenance activities Inspect the route for presence of animals. If At all identified, capture and remove them away Self monitoring by maintenance sites from the area; Disturbance of Operator Operator Carry out the maintenance activities during MICOA wildlife Contractor (Environmental Regularly during the daylight; Engineer) maintenance Protect any trench opened with a net fence activities to prevent fauna from falling in it. MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Dissemination to local communities the Expectations of In communities extent of the measures will be taken in the Operator short-term solution Self monitoring by along the pipeline short term to prevent false expectations and (Environmental MICOA to all problems of Operator ensuring the credibility of the project among Engineer) water supply the communities; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 109 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Coordinate with local authorities, local Once at the leaders and traditional about the process of beginning of disclosure of the timing and the goals of the operation project implementation. Sense of exclusion among the Self monitoring by In communities Financing household connections; along the pipeline population without Operator Apply subsidized rates for disadvantaged Operator MICOA financial resources (Environmental for water populations. Engineer) Yearly connection Breaking of social relations with due Promote gender equality in order to allow Self monitoring by In communities to the lack of women to participate in activities outside Operator along the pipeline Operator MICOA opportunity for the home, including economic activities, (Environmental conversation in mass, entertainment, etc. Engineer) Yearly search of water Integrate the existing Private Water Providers in the functioning and management of the Greater Maputo Water Economic loss of Supply Scheme, according to the intangible assets: licensing/regulatory framework for Private In communities business Self monitoring by Water Providers to be approved by the along the pipeline opportunities in Operator government, as well as the results and Operator MICOA water supply by (Environmental recommendations of the study " Small Private Engineer) Yearly Mozambique – Design of Licensing/ Operators / Private Regulatory Framework for Private Water Water Suppliers Providers" by Thelma Triche & Associates in the frame of USAID/SUWASA Project. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 110 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Compatibility with Self monitoring by In communities the scale of Eliminate bureaucratic barriers to Operator along the pipeline economic Operator MICOA encourage private and public consumption. (Environmental development in the Yearly Engineer) region Make regular system maintenance; Self monitoring by Along the pipeline Improving Operator responsiveness to Find alternative sources of surface water to Operator In Maputo region MICOA (Environmental the right to water supply the system in the long term. Yearly Engineer) Make regular system maintenance; Sensitize the community to not join illegal Planned water connections and to report them; Self monitoring by supply and Operator Sensitize beneficiaries to meet the Operator Yearly MICOA reliability of water (Environmental supply system payments of services for their continued Engineer) maintenance. Provide quality water so as to encourage a preference for the water system; Establish prices that are attractive to consumers to not prefer resort to alternative sources of water supply; In communities Self monitoring by Potential creation Intensified by the national health along the pipeline Operator of synergies with authorities, campaign awareness about Operator MICOA (Environmental other sectors hygiene and sanitation with the new water Engineer) Yearly availability; Inter-institutional coordination in order to perform different works simultaneously taking into account that open trenches for laying of pipeline network expansion; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 111 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Intensification of awareness campaigns on hygiene and sanitation by the health authorities to the new availability of water. MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Workers’ Health and Safety The special control measures should be carried out with the highest efficiency and Detailed FIPAG during Along the pipeline responsibility, as the risk of corrosion is engineering design and during and at the WTP high; construction MICOA designer The pipes will be made of ductile (cast) iron (Resident according to ISO 2531 and EN 545; Engineer ) Ministry of Construction Regularly during Special measures to protect the pipeline for detailed design Labour Unsafe Drinking Contractor water corrosion shall be taken as lining with (Health and zinc/bitumen or covering the pipeline with Safety Officer, External polyethylene/polyurethane; Regularly during Environmental construction and auditor The inspections to the water transporting Field Officer) during maintenance pipeline should be controlled and duly construction recorded; Operator To prevent the iron or steel pipes from corrosion iron or steel the pipes are 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 112 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency interiorly lined with a mortar formulated with acid-resistant cements; Adjust the treated water to the equilibrium Self monitoring by Regular pH at any time; Operator during monitoring of the Drinking water must be provided in operation and treatment process accordance with the applicable national and maintenance and of the treated WHO recommendations and guidelines; (Environmental water according Because measurements of cyanobacteria in Engineer) to national the Corumana Dam reservoir have never requirements as been performed it is recommended to part of the usual monitor the occurrence of cyanobacteria in operation of the the raw water starting with the construction WTP phase. In case of the occurrence of cyanobacteria in the raw water the concentration of microystins shall also be During operation determined. According to the results continuous obtained the water treatment process shall measurement of be adopted; algae in the raw In general it is foreseen that the pre- water is foreseen oxidation process will be done by in the design to ozonisation and not by chlorination. the WTP Ozonization is more effective to destroy organic material e.g. in the case that cyanobacteria will occur in the raw water. In addition powdered activated carbon will be used during the coagulation process. Both are suitable measures to remove harmful microcystins from the raw water in case that cyanobacteria blooming in the Corumana Dam Reservoir will occur; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 113 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency In case of the occurrence of cyanobacteria and microcystins the dosage of ozonisation and of powdered activated carbon (PAC) will be increased; The water must be tested once per week if it is served from tanks or containers. Emergency numbers and MSDS must be available and displayed at all areas where chlorine is in use; Only workers specifically trained, educated Exposure to At WTP site MICOA and aware about the risks and preventive Self monitoring by Chemicals, actions shall operate the chlorination Operator Hazardous or Operator system and deal with this agent; (Environmental Ministry of Flammable The workers must be trained in the use of Engineer) 4 times a year Labour Material PPE also if they get in contact with the sludge generated during the water treatment process (e.g. insulating overalls, gloves, boots). A reasonable mitigation measure and of more importance than wearing hearing At WTP Site protection devices, is the reduction of noise MICOA levels to an as low as possible level. Avoidance of an impact has always the Self monitoring by Health related priority in comparison to passive reduction; Operator Ministry of issues due to noise Operator (Environmental Once at the Health exposure Noise levels should be kept below the Engineer) beginning of LEAV of 80 dB(A) wherever possible. In operation. Then case of exceeding this value, hearing Ministry of only if changes in Labour protection must be provided to the workers the design of the and warning signs must be installed; installations were 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 114 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Shortly after start of operation, noise areas made or if having the potential to exceed 80 dB(A) unusual noises should be identified and respective warning occur and obligatory signs must be installed. Where workers are active during operation and The impact prevention and avoidance must Self monitoring by maintenance MICOA Accidents and be subject of the respectively needed Operator Operator incidents Health & Safety Management Plan, and (Environmental Ministry of related implementation. Engineer) Prior start of Labour operation During operation monthly 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 115 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Community Health and Safety Chemicals, hazardous and flammables materials must be secured, and stored accordingly (regulations and conditions of storage will depend on the type of materials used). Procedures for handling hazardous materials must be in place: - they must be locked; - only authorized personnel can have At WTP site and access to the materials; along transport - MSDS must be available; routes for chlorine - specific PPE should be provided; Exposure to MICOA - and users should be trained. Self monitoring by chemicals, If safely stored and procedures are in place, Operator hazardous or Operator no risk or impacts on the communities (Environmental Ministry of flammable Prior start of should arise for no contact or handling any Engineer) Labour materials operation of these products should happen. In case of leakage or spills that should affect communities, this must be covered in During operation the Contingency Plan. monthly Appropriate mitigation measures for the transport of chlorine are the following: - Careful selection of transport routes for chlorine; - Use of well maintained storage and transport facilities for chlorine; - Training and instruction of transport staff 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 116 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency about appropriate safety measures when transporting chlorine. Develop and implement a plan for transport of chlorine to the water treatment plant site and for handling the gas on site. Such a plan shall include: - proper measures as a careful selection of transport routes for chlorine; - training and instruction of transport staff on appropriate safety measures when transporting chlorine; - a list of first measures to be done in case of an accident; - contacts of the heads of villages along the transport route; - numbers of police stations along the transport route; - numbers of hospitals along the route etc. This list shall be carried by all trucks transporting chlorine gas. To avoid these actions the operating entity should maintain a service area (inspection All installation routes) perfectly clean and visible, with sites signs indicating that it is an area prohibited Self monitoring by Damages to the to outsiders; Operator Operator MICOA equipment (Environmental Notify all service departments of the Engineer) existence of the pipeline and the route of 4 times a year the buried sections of the pipeline, during operation attaching localization maps; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 117 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency The telephone numbers that should be used to inform on the detection of losses or Prior start of activities occurring near the pipeline should operation be widely publicized. To ensure electricity for the operation of pumps in each distribution center, with FIPAG during Along the pipeline particular emphasis on the more remote design and during and at the WTP centers of Sabie, Moamba and Pessene, construction the following measures are recommended: (Resident Place an emergency generator or a diesel Engineer ) pump at each distribution center's water Regularly during supply system; Detailed detailed design Provide a pumping group consisting of two engineering pumps; designer Provide a water reserve in the high Regularly during MICOA reservoir enabling the supply of the Construction construction and Unsafe drinking population in at least 1 to 2 days (the Contractor maintenance External water maximum time provided for replacement of (Health and auditor electricity); Safety Officer, during Encourage consumers, who have the Environmental construction ability, to purchase individual water Field Officer) reservoirs. In order to guarantee the quality of the Operator treated water: Self monitoring by The special control measures should be Operator during carried out with the highest efficiency and operation and responsibility, as the risk of corrosion is maintenance high; (Environmental The pipes will be made of ductile (cast) iron Engineer) according to ISO 2531 and EN 545; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 118 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Special measures to protect the pipeline for corrosion shall be taken as lining with zinc/bitumen or covering the pipeline with polyethylene/polyurethane; The inspections to the water transporting pipeline should be controlled and duly recorded; To prevent the iron or steel pipes from corrosion iron or steel the pipes are interiorly lined with a mortar formulated with acid-resistant cements; Adjust the treated water to the equilibrium pH at any time; Drinking water must be provided in Regular accordance with the applicable national and monitoring of the WHO recommendations and guidelines; treatment process Because measurements of cyanobacteria in and of the treated the Corumana Dam reservoir have never water according been performed it is recommended to to national monitor the occurrence of cyanobacteria in requirements as the raw water starting with the construction part of the usual phase. In case of the occurrence of operation of the cyanobacteria in the raw water the WTP concentration of microystins shall also be determined. According to the results During operation obtained the water treatment process shall continuous be adopted; measurement of In general it is foreseen that the pre- algae in the raw oxidation process will be done by water is foreseen ozonisation and not by chlorination. in the design to Ozonization is more effective to destroy the WTP 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 119 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency organic material e.g. in the case that cyanobacteria will occur in the raw water. In addition powdered activated carbon will be used during the coagulation process. Both are suitable measures to remove harmful microcystins from the raw water in case that cyanobacteria blooming in the Corumana Dam Reservoir will occur; In case of the occurrence of cyanobacteria and microcystins the dosage of ozonisation and of powdered activated carbon (PAC) will be increased; The water must be tested once per week if it is served from tanks or containers. The impact prevention and avoidance must be subject of the respectively needed Health & Safety Management Plan (HSMP), and related implementation. This plan must include the development of At all Safe Operating Procedures on the maintenance/ maintenance activities to be regularly Self monitoring by repair sites MICOA Safety during performed. Each SOP will detail the risks Operator maintenance and Operator and controls and how to perform the tasks (Environmental Ministry of repair safely for each activity. Engineer) Regularly during Labour This study must be included on the H&S maintenance and Management Plan, once the activities repair activities performed when doing maintenance and repair will be of similar nature of the ones during construction (Working at Heights, working in Confined Space, Moving 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 120 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Machinery, etc.). During this phase the number of personnel working on site will be significantly lower than during construction phase. At this stage, focus should be given on the avoidance of the mosquito vector i.e. the appearance of permanent open water bodies and/or their increase (in number and in surface area) that serve as reproduction At all installations biotopes for Mosquitoes. Maintenance Team should be aware of Self monitoring by sites MICOA Leakage throughout the system; this could Operator Malaria Operator be a significant source of open water (Environmental Ministry of bodies. Engineer) Health Environmental Control (reducing the 4 times a year number of mosquito vector through the use of insecticides) should be done periodically. Special attention should be given to housekeeping and maintenance of cleanliness across all sites. The continuous ABCDE’s of the Malaria Awareness and Prevention Plan must be maintained. Carry out campaigns to sensitize the In communities Improvement of population about the importance of using along the pipeline health conditions of piped water; Self monitoring by MICOA the population as a Sensitize the population about the risks of Operator Operator result of the using water from wells and streams that (Environmental Ministry of consumption of might be a source of waterborne diseases; Engineer) Health drinking water Ensure coordination to identify mechanisms to finance household connections; Yearly 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 121 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE OPERATION/MAINTENANCE PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Location Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Frequency Consider applying subsidized rates for disadvantaged populations; Make regular maintenance of the system; Find alternative sources of surface water to supply the system in the long-term; Sensitize beneficiary communities on good practice for drinking water uses, as a measure to keep low consumption prices for maintenance of contracts; Set a schedule of water supply without restrictions (water available 24h/24h); Find alternative sources of surface water to supply the system in the long term. Conduct awareness raising campaigns about the benefits of the costs of household connection to the water supply scheme; Apply subsidized rates for disadvantaged populations; In communities Allow the payment of household connection along the pipeline Self monitoring by Reduction of water in instalments, for disadvantaged Operator supply costs at the populations; Operator MICOA (Environmental household level Offer security measures for water meters, Engineer) such as the sale of protective boxes, to be paid at the time of purchase of the water Yearly meter, or when the household connection is established, or in the monthly water bill, according to the consumer’s capacity to pay. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 122 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 6.4 Decommissioning Phase The decommissioning phase is decades away, if ever it occurs. Because it is unknown at the moment who will be the project owner and which authorities will exist carrying which names only a general indication is given in the following tables. In general, the impacts will be very similar to the impacts coming up during the construction phase. MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision Use existing roads and pathways to access sites of removal of the pipeline and to the facilities; Retain existing structures (buildings) for other uses; Regularly Landscape changes - Restore the vegetation of disturbed areas after Project Relevant Contractor during de- Visual impacts clearance. Owner authority commissioning All infrastructures and the pipeline itself that will be decommissioned shall be removed in total. No remaining parts of the installation shall be left. Acquire, use and maintain mobile toilets; Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery; Refuelling activities restricted to areas with Regularly concrete or impermeable and bunded surface: Project Relevant Soils contamination Contractor during de- Adequate supplies of absorbent material must Owner authority commissioning be available at all fuel storage and handling areas; Train workforce in their use and safe disposal; Prepare and reinforce awareness on waste 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 123 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision management and refuelling procedure; Leaking or empty oil drums must be removed from the site immediately with measures in place to prevent contamination; Prepare and implement a Waste Management Plan. Restrict the activities to the minimum possible; Use appropriate machinery and/or protective boarding during soil stripping; Remove and stockpile topsoil, subsoils and any Regularly Soils erosion and parent material separately; Project Relevant Contractor during de- compaction Owner authority Use the stockpiled material in the origin area; commissioning Topsoil storage periods must be kept to a minimum. Restrict operation of heavy machines to daylight; Regularly Noise and vibration Ensure noise emissions are kept within the Project Relevant Contractor during de- emissions World Bank standards; Owner authority commissioning Inform local communities on the activities schedule. Water the soil surface and any non-asphalted roads, especially in the dry season; Water the soil before starting excavating and Regularly Dust and gaseous Project Relevant during and after burial of the pipeline; Contractor during de- emissions Owner authority The storage and handling of spoil, subsoil, commissioning topsoil and materials should be carefully managed to minimise the risk of wind blown 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 124 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision material and dust; Burning of any waste on site is prohibited; Vehicle engines must not be left running unnecessarily; Regular and proper maintenance of vehicles and machinery. Clear the vegetation manually to minimize the erosion; When blocking a river bed for trenching to remove the pipe, ensure water passages to allow flow to take place; Alteration of hydrology of In areas were vegetation has been cleared for Regularly Project Relevant rivers, drainage lines and the decommissioning, protect it with barriers to Contractor during de- Owner authority wetlands reduce erosion and allow regeneration of the commissioning vegetation; Deposit a barrier comprised of large stones along cleared areas of the river bank will reduce the friction caused by water flow for some period until natural vegetation has recovered. Prepare and implement plans and procedures covering techniques for isolating and containing the source, use of absorbent material to mop up the spill, excavation of trenches, appropriate Contamination of rivers, disposal of contaminated material; Regularly Project Relevant drainage lines, wetlands Contractor during de- Always have spill response equipment available Owner authority and groundwater commissioning on site; Regular maintenance of vehicles and machinery; Refuelling activities restricted to areas with 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 125 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE PHYSICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision concrete or impermeable and bunded surface: Adequate supplies of absorbent material must be available at all fuel storage and handling areas; Train workforce in their use and safe disposal; Prepare and reinforce awareness on waste management and refuelling procedure; Leaking or empty oil drums must be removed from the site immediately with measures in place to prevent contamination; No silt/turbid discharge water from trench dewatering operations will be allowed to enter any drainage/water body/wetland, unless the drain or water body is dry and well vegetated; Hazardous materials, chemicals, fuels or lubricating oils will not be stored, and refuelling and concrete coating activities (excluding field joints) will not be carried out within 30m of a watercourse; Prepare and implement an Integrated Water Management Plan. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 126 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision Use existing maintenance access roads and the pipeline maintenance access route to dismantle and transport the decommissioned material; If necessary only clear the minimum width of the route for dismantling operation. Experienced ecological advisors must be appointed and be present on each spread during construction activities to chase animals away and collecting and relocating sensitive species from the area, preventing them to be Regularly Loss of vegetation cover harmed; Relevant Contractor Project Owner during de- and plant diversity authority All personnel must be briefed on environmental commissioning sensitivities in the surrounding area; Reinstatement to maintain habitat continuity as far as is practicable; At the commencement of works, the working width will be clearly delineated where it passes through environmental sensitive areas; Hunting, fishing and the carrying of firearms by decommissioning personnel will be strictly prohibited. Restrict operation of heavy machines to daylight, when most wildlife is active and can Regularly Disturbance of terrestrial Relevant react to noise. Contractor Project Owner during de- wildlife by noise authority commissioning Disturbance of vegetation Water the soil surface and any unpaved roads Regularly Relevant processes and wildlife by at least once a day during the dry season; Contractor Project Owner during de- authority dust generation Water the soil before and after excavating to commissioning 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 127 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS remove the pipeline; If the soil removed from the trench is going to be left out for some days, cover the soil to prevent dust emission by wind. Use existing maintenance access roads and the pipeline maintenance access route to dismantle and transport the decommissioned material; Regularly Loss of vegetation cover Relevant Contractor Project Owner during de- and plant diversity Unbury and replant slow growing large trees authority commissioning such as Aloes and Euphorbias to nearly cleared areas away from pipeline route. Experienced ecological advisors must be appointed and be present on each spread during the activities to chase animals away and collecting and relocating sensitive species from the area, preventing them to be harmed; Restrict activities to the daylight; Inspect the area to be cleared for any terrestrial fauna before bush clearing and digging; Regularly Disturbance and mortality Relevant Contractor Project Owner during de- of terrestrial fauna Protect any trench left overnight with a net fence authority commissioning to block fauna from being trapped inside; Capture and release fauna away from the direct influence zone (including species trapped in the trenches); Carry out large scale bush clearing activities to the dry season, to avoid interfering with nesting and breeding. Plan the removal of the pipeline corridor in order Loss of habitat and to reduce disturbance of wetlands; Regularly disturbance of wildlife Relevant Carry out activities during periods of lowest Contractor Project Owner during de- using the wetland and authority water flow in the rivers, so that aquatic wildlife commissioning rivers will be less abundant on the reed vegetation to 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 128 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS the cleared; Set the workers camps at secure distance from the river, to avoid unusual presence of workers near the river course; Carry out an education program to the worker on importance of the river and wetland environments; Use appropriate machinery (cranes) to remove the pipeline and other structures causing the least damage to the wetland; Collect all the rubble generated in the wetland and dispose appropriately in suitable landfills; Carry out decommissioning operations during periods of very low water flow in the rivers in order to avoid massive impacts on the hydrology (changes of turbidity, erosion and flow). Bed level and material must be maintained Restoration and natural; maintenance of After the decommissioning the natural width, depth and bed material must be restored; Regularly acceptable levels of Relevant Contractor Project Owner during de- ecological water flow into The native vegetation on river banks must be authority commissioning Sabie and Incomati restored; Rivers The pipeline must cross perpendicular to the river crossing. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 129 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Frequency Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Monitoring Issue certificates for local labour and service Prior start of Project Relevant Loss of jobs and business providers involved in the project, to support Operator de- Owner authority them in future job seeking. commissioning MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision Workers’ Health and Safety Drinking water must be provided in accordance with the applicable national and WHO recommendations and guidelines; Regularly Project Relevant Unsafe drinking water The water must be tested once per week if it is Contractor during de- Owner authority served from tanks or containers; commissioning The drinking water must be stored at a cool and shadowed place. The H&S Management Plan must include procedures to avoid repetitive motion and wrong Injuries or fatalities from manual handling; Regularly Project Relevant improper manual Using automation and lifting equipment; Contractor during de- Owner authority handling Organizing manual handling tasks in a safe way, commissioning with loads split into smaller ones; Providing information and training to workers on 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 130 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision tasks, and the use of equipment and correct handling techniques. Workers must be instructed, at least verbally, about the risks a certain manual handling could have; Manual work must be carried out by workers having the physical conditions to undertake the tasks without any risks to their health (consider experience and familiarity with the job, age and historical of injuries). Sufficient breaks must be implemented and organized to ensure the possibility for having a rest from repetitive tasks or heavy manual handling, especially under hot ambient conditions. The arrangements for breaks must be communicated to all concerned workers; Suitable and proved PPE must be provided to each worker without any cost; It should be considered that manual excavation is preferred according to the FIPAG Generic Framework Environmental Management Plan for Construction Works. Therefore, the consideration of the measure is strictly required. The H&S Management Plan must include procedures to avoid slips and falls as well as to assure the maintenance of the construction site; Regularly Project Relevant Slips and falls Good Housekeeping Practices include: Contractor during de- Owner authority - Cables and ropes on the ground and that cross commissioning walkways must be covered to avoid and prevent falls and any damage to electrical cables; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 131 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision - Removing obstacles from walkways; - Mopping or sweeping debris from floors; - Keeping working areas and walkways well lit; - Securing (tacking, taping, etc.) mats, rugs and carpets; - Closing file cabinet or storage drawers; Method statements and instructions must be implemented to avoid the presence of waste debris, construction materials and liquid spills outside the designated storage areas; Specific staff members should be appointed to ensure the security of the site against slips and falls. In case that any obstacles or liquids are identified, they should be removed without undue delay; Communication to all workers and employees to prevent slips and falls should be provided during all times of the work by the site management and supervisors; Providing appropriate PPE (e.g. boots). Scaffolds and ladders - Must be inspected by competent person prior to use. - They should only be used on even ground and they must be in good conditions Regularly without any damages or missing parts affecting Project Relevant Fall from height Contractor during de- the secure use of the ladder or scaffold; Owner authority commissioning - Scaffolds should be set up by trained persons only; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 132 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision - Before the use of a ladder or scaffold, the appointed workers should be familiarized with the results of the risk assessment; Trenches - Must be secured against fall in of workers. The block must be solid enough to prevent a fall into the trench. Open trenches shall not exceed a length of 300 m; - One end of the trench shall be sloped to allow the egress of a person that fell into the trench; Use of fall prevention devices including: - Safety belt and lanyard travel limiting devices to prevent access to fall hazard area; - Fall protection devices such as full body harnesses used in conjunction with shock absorbing lanyards attached to fixed anchor point or horizontal life-lines; Installation of guardrails with mid-rails and toe boards at the edge of any fall hazard area; Appropriate training in use, serviceability, and integrity of the necessary PPE; Inclusion of rescue and/or recovery plans, and equipment to respond to workers after an arrested fall. Construction materials, building material and building equipment must be secured against fall Regularly Project Relevant Struck by objects if they are used at an elevated level. Suitable Contractor during de- Owner authority measures are depending on the height of the commissioning executed work and include: 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 133 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision - The use of debris nets, catch platforms, or canopies to catch or deflect falling objects; - The use of toe-boards, screens, or guardrails on scaffolds to prevent falling objects; The HSE staff should introduce the risks of struck by objects to all workers in the respective HSE meetings; Ejection of solid particles, as well as its consequences, can be avoided if only well- maintained tools with all security devices are used; Power tools must only be used by competent trained workers; Personal Protective Equipment (specially eye protection and helmets); When there is overhead work, the areas must be barricaded as hazard areas and warning signs posted; Walkways should be demarcated, to avoid walking and/or working under moving loads; Safety Signage should be erected demarcating PPE compulsory areas. Establish a traffic plan for the site; Ensure all visiting drivers report to site management before entering the site; Regularly Injuries or fatalities due to Project Relevant Ensure that vehicles and pedestrians are Contractor during de- moving machineries Owner authority segregated where possible (provide a physical commissioning barrier to achieve the segregation); Ensure there are suitable pedestrian crossing 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 134 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision points on vehicle routes; Install speed ramps and warning signs. Warning signs must be implemented to inform about the possibility of risks by moving machineries; Banksmen must be available to provide the necessary assistance to drivers and operators; Check whether the vehicles require audible warning devices e.g. on reversing lorries, and flashing beacons on vehicles to increase their visibility; Areas restricted from access by other workers and by the public, e.g. pedestrians, must be implemented and clearly demarked. Restricting the circulation of delivery and private vehicles to defined routes and areas, giving preference to ‘one-way’ circulation, where appropriate; Good design and planning in the prebuild phase. Architects, designers, and planners can significantly reduce the risk of vehicle accidents; Training and licensing industrial vehicle operators in the safe operation of specialized vehicles such as forklifts, including safe loading/unloading, load limits. Where substitution is not possible, other engineering control methods should be Regularly Health related issues due introduced: Project Relevant Contractor during de- to dust emissions - Use of wet processes (dirty tracks as well as Owner authority commissioning the excavated soil stored close to the trench must be regularly watered to prevent the 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 135 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision generation of dust); - Use of vacuums instead of brooms; Use of Personal Protective Equipment may be vital, but it should nevertheless be the last resort of protection (PPE should not be a substitute for proper dust control and should be used only where dust control methods are not yet effective or are inadequate). Specific Safe Working Procedures must be developed if entering a Confined Space cannot be avoided; Safety precautions should include the Provision of Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) and Rescue Harnesses; Workers must be trained and experienced; Special tools should be provided (where Injuries or fatalities from potentially explosive atmospheres are likely); Regularly Project Relevant working in confined Contractor during de- Lighting and Ventilation should be provided; Owner authority spaces and excavations commissioning Side walls of trenches must be secured so that no collapse occurs. The security could be ensured by using a trench shoring system implemented by a qualified company or by qualified and trained workers; The correct installation must be checked before workers are entering the trench. Fuel stores must be as low in volume as Relevant Exposure to Chemicals, Contractor practicable; any leaks of the stores must be authority Hazardous or Flammable avoided and prevented. The outlet of the stores, 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 136 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision Materials drums, tanks etc. must be secured and locked. Bunds must be empty at any time; any spills must be removed immediately. The storage Project Regularly areas must be secured against damage Owner during de- because of vehicle collision; commissioning Keep the number of employees exposed to a minimum; Adequate ventilation must be provided in case of enclosed spaces; Emergency numbers and MSDS must be available and displayed. Electric tools must be checked (for frayed or exposed cords) on a regular basis to assure that they are in good and safe conditions; All energized electrical devices and lines should be marked with warning signs; Protecting power cords and extension cords Regularly against damage from traffic by shielding or Project Relevant Electric shock Contractor during de- suspending above traffic areas; Owner authority commissioning Appropriate labelling of service rooms housing high voltage equipment (‘electrical hazard’) and where entry is controlled or prohibited; Conducting detailed identification and marking of all buried electrical wiring prior to any excavation work. Ideally, controls would go from elimination of the Regularly Health related issues due Project Relevant noise source, to substitution of the noise source, Contractor during de- to noise Owner authority isolation or segregation of the noise source, and commissioning 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 137 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Impact Mitigation Measures Frequency Auditing Implementation Supervision administrative controls, which can include: - Warnings as to health effects and training and education of personnel on avoiding unnecessary noise generation; - Scheduling of noisy work to times when the least workers are present; - Surveillance and job rotation where exposure to noise is significant; If engineering and administrative controls do not reduce the noise levels sufficiently, approved hearing protection devices (HPD) need to be provided, worn and maintained. A reasonable mitigation measure, of more importance than wearing hearing protection devices, is the reduction of noise levels to an as low as possible level. Noise levels should be kept below the LEAV of 80 dB(A) wherever possible. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 138 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Frequency Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Monitoring Community Health and Safety Road safety initiatives proportional to the scope and nature of project activities and related to the roads used should include: 1. Introduction of best transport safety method statements across all aspects of project operations with the goal of preventing traffic accidents and minimizing injuries suffered by the project personnel and the public. The method statements should include: - Licensing of drivers; - Training of drivers and improvement of driving skills; Traffic accidents and Regularly - Adopting limits for trip duration and arranging Project Relevant injuries to community Contractor during de- driver rosters to avoid overtiredness; Owner authority people commissioning 2. Regular maintenance of vehicles and use of manufacturer approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure; 3. Where the project may contribute to a significant increase in traffic along existing roads, recommended measures include: - Collaboration with local communities and responsible authorities to improve signage, visibility and overall safety of roads, particularly along stretches located near schools or other locations where children may be present. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 139 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Frequency Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Monitoring Collaborating with local communities on education about traffic and pedestrian safety (e.g. school education campaigns); - Coordination with emergency responders to ensure that appropriate first aid is provided in the event of accidents; - Using locally sourced materials, whenever possible, to minimize transport distances. Locating associated facilities such as worker camps close to project sites and arranging worker bus transport to minimize external traffic; - Employing safe traffic control measures, including road signs and flag persons to warn about dangerous conditions; 4. Areas restricted from access by the public must be implemented and clearly demarked. - Announce in advance the start and duration of works in newspapers, via radio, via flyers and via signs to be erected along the decommissioning; - Keep the time where a road has to be closed completely as short as reasonable possible; - In case roads have to be closed completely, clearly sign appropriate detours where traffic, including pedestrians, can follow - Allow the traffic to pass through the work in progress where possible;; - Set appropriate speed limits in areas of on- 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 140 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Frequency Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Monitoring going activities, agree this with the local traffic police department; - Ensure that exits and entrance to the site for vehicles are safely designed; - Allow only workers to work within the confined work area; - Confine the work area to a distance as short as practical; - Erect signs that the traffic is aware from far where the actual construction sites are located; - Adopt the signs and warning devices to work progress; - Ensure that the positioning of the signs is safe, effective and clearly visible; - Ensure all equipment is visible to traffic, through either illumination or suitable marking; - Sign the actual construction site area sufficiently at night by means of illuminating flagger; - Ensure that the work areas is well lighted, but in a way not to blind drivers. In case that the construction activities result in a cumulative noise level of more than 45 dB(A) during night-time (22.00 to 07.00) close to Health related issues due Regularly residential, institutional or educational areas, the Project Relevant to exposure to high noise Contractor during de- construction must be stopped. Owner authority levels commissioning A noise prediction calculation must be undertaken in advance to the construction in such areas, considering the peak noise 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 141 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Frequency Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Monitoring emission from the machineries to be used. The noise prediction must be done at representative locations. The noise calculation must be verified at the site during construction. Dirty tracks, as well as the excavated soil stored Regularly Health related issues due Project Relevant close to the trench, must be regularly watered to Contractor during de- to exposure to dust Owner authority prevent the generation of dust. commissioning Trenches must be secured against falling in. The trench must be separated from public areas Regularly Injuries or fatalities from by using blocks. The block must be suitable Project Relevant Contractor during de- fall from height solid to prevent a fall into the trench. Owner authority commissioning One end of the trench shall be sloped to allow the egress of person fallen into the trench. Construction materials, building material and building equipment must be secured against fall if they are used at an elevated level. Suitable Regularly Project Relevant Struck by objects measures are depending on the height of the Contractor during de- Owner authority executed work; commissioning Storage of pipes: use supports or strips between the layers of stacked pipes and block them. Development of a HIV Policy and Awareness and Prevention Plan; Awareness of workers about transmission modes of HIV/AIDS and other STIs, including Regularly Health related issued the consequences of risky behaviours; Project Relevant Contractor during de- from HIV/AIDS Recruitment of a specialized organization to Owner authority commissioning implement activities to raise the awareness about HIV/AIDS and other STIs at community level. Special attention will be given to sex workers, local women and girls in general; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 142 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IMPACTS OF THE DECOMMISSIONING PHASE HEALTH AND SAFETY IMPACTS Responsible for Monitoring/ Frequency Impact Mitigation Measures Auditing Implementation Supervision Monitoring Provision of free condoms in the project area; Encouraging employees to do HIV testing (outside the scope of work duties); Encouraging workers to submit themselves to treatment of STIs in the early stages of infection/diagnosis, to minimize the risk of HIV infection and create conditions for this purpose. Such conditions include the granting of license for workers to go to the hospital and create internal mechanisms to avoid hesitation from seeking health care due to lack funds; Forward employees to health units for early treatment and monitoring of secondary infections/opportunistic such as coughs, flu and pneumonia. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 143 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 7. Monitoring Plan The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (Vol. 2) identified the main potential impacts associated to each activity of the Project during all phases (design/pre-construction, construction, operation/ maintenance, decommissioning). The impacts of each phase of the project were divided according to their nature: biophysical, socioeconomic, or health and safety of workers. To all impacts different management measures have been elaborated which are summarized in Chapter 6 of this ESMP. As outlined in Chapter 5 the construction contractor during construction and the operator during operation will be responsible for monitoring the implementation of the management measures. During construction this will be done by the Environmental Field Officer and Health and Safety Officer which are employed by the Construction Contractor and embedded into its Health, Safety and Environmental Management System. Their activities will be monitored and supervised by the HSE Supervisor of the Resident Engineer. In addition, an external audit is recommended to be performed annually. The HSE team will be responsible for monitoring the implementation of the management measures outlined in the ESMP. Specific monitoring activities are specified in the table below, Table 7-1. Table 7-1: Monitoring activities and annual costs Project Costs Aspect Indicators Method Responsible phase USD Detailed Included in Pre- engineering construction construction Geology and designer and CC costs Erosion visually Soils Included in Construction CC construction costs Included in Air quality Construction Dust Emission visually CC construction costs 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 144 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Project Costs Aspect Indicators Method Responsible phase USD Water turbidity Water flow measurement Construction CC 25,000 Blue-green devices algae/microcystins Water Included in Blue-green algae/ measurement design and Operation Operator mycrocystins devices operational costs Construction Noise CC 5,000 Noise Operation/ Noise level measurement device Operator 5,000 maintenance Detailed Pre- engineering construction 10,000 designer and CC Vegetation cover Flora Construction Field survey CC and plant diversity Only during Operation/ Operator maintenance maintenance activities Detailed Pre- engineering construction 10,000 designer and CC Fauna Construction Species Diversity Field survey CC Only during Operation/ Operator maintenance maintenance activities Detailed Included in Pre- engineering costs for construction designer and CC Resident Solid Requirements of Engineer/HSE Construction the ESMP are Inspections CC Supervisor Waste kept Included in Operation Operator operational costs Included in costs for Construction Requirements of CC Resident Occupational Engineer/HSE the Health and Health and Inspections Supervisor Safety Plan are Safety kept Included in Operation Operator operational costs Site visits using The RAP is See RAP RAP Construction performance FIPAG implemented report review checklists 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 145 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A It shall be noted that the ESMP is a dynamic document susceptible to changes with time. So this ESMP shall be upgraded as the project is being implemented and when the measures prove to be inadequate or outdated for a particular reality. In case of non-compliance with the stipulations in this ESMP and the ESIA, the relevant authorities shall be notified so that they can analyze the extent of damage and give the due penalty. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 146 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 8. Penalties In case of environmental incident, the Contractor or Operator has the responsibility to fix the damage and rehabilitate the affected area. In addition, the Contractor or Operator may be penalized by the relevant authorities and by FIPAG. In case of non-compliance with the stipulations in this ESMP and the ESIA, the relevant authorities shall be notified so that they can analyze the extent of damage and give the due penalty. The contract between the Contractor or Operator and FIPAG shall include the penalties to be implemented in case of non-compliance with the terms of this ESMP and the ESIA. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 147 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 9. Documentation This chapter discusses some procedures related to measures of environmental and social management that will be followed during the execution of the project (the pre-construction, construction and operation). a) Declaration of Construction Methods The contractor shall submit, in written form, statements of the method before starting the project. The components of the Method Statements must be submitted at least 10 days before the proposed work to allow the OE to review and approve the Method Statement. Any other delivery method of the Declaration will be decided by the OE. The contractor shall not start with the works of any of the components of the project or begin any activity until the relevant Method Statement has been approved, in a written form, by the OE. The Method Statements for each of the project components are classified as components of the General Method and indicate what should be done to check with the relevant environmental specifications and report on:  the name of the activity;  the location of the activity;  the location of the camp of the contractor;  the materials, equipment and personnel requirements;  Transport of materials and / or equipment into the construction site, including access roads and transport;  Provisions for the storage of materials and / or equipment;  the Emergency Procedures;  The proposed procedure for the construction and implementation of relevant environmental specifications, and  Other information deemed necessary by the OE. The approved method statements should be readily available on site and communicated to all relevant staff, including workers. The adoption of the Declaration of Method does not absolve the contractor from any obligation and liability under the terms established by the Contract. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 148 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A b) Registration of Incidents It should be kept a log of the incidents that occur on site, ex. chemical spills, fires, accidents with employees and vehicles, etc. The following information must be entered in the Register of Incident:  Name and contact details of the people involved;  person who records the incident;  the date and time of the incident;  the nature, extent and cause of the incident;  the equipment involved;  Name and contact information of any people who have been notified about the incident;  Actions taken aimed at the resolution of the incident and whether it was treated properly, and  Additional measures required to prevent a recurrence of the incident. c) Inspection Reports All inspections must be recorded and archived (on paper or electronically) for future reference and as a source of data for use in monthly reports. It should be prepared inspection sheet by environmental descriptor (e.g., air quality, soil, etc.) indicating compliance or not with the stipulations of this ESMP. Monthly reports of inspections must be compiled, based on these inspection sheets. This report shall contain at least the following:  Period of the inspections;  the places inspected;  the indicators analyzed, and  Photos of the non-compliances identified; d) Monitoring Reports In addition to inspections, it must also be carried out monitoring according to Chapter 7 above. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 149 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Monthly and quarterly monitoring reports should be compiled, including at least the following:  the environmental descriptor monitored;  the environmental indicators;  overview of the monitoring results;  the non-compliances identified during the period;  the accidents and / or incidents identified in the period, and  the corrective measures implemented and their effectiveness. e) Environmental Training and Awareness The contractor and subcontractors should be aware of the environmental requirements and constraints in construction activities contained in the ESMP. An initial training and environmental awareness session must take place before the commencement of any work at the construction site for each of the six components of the project and where it is deemed necessary by the Resident Engineer. To this end, the Contractor shall prepare a program of training and awareness for all personnel involved, including for staff of the subcontractor for review and comment by the RE. The training should cover, but not be limited to, the following:  the Basic Awareness and understanding of key environmental features of the workplace and surroundings;  Understanding the importance of the reasons why the environment should be protected;  Ways to minimize the negative environmental impacts, as well as the relevant requirements of the ESMP;  Fire prevention and fighting;  the relevant local health hazards, including prevention of diseases such as malaria and cholera;  the awareness, prevention and mitigation of risks related to the contraction and spread of HIV / AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, and  the risks of landmines and other explosives and measures to minimize such risks. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 150 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 10. Emergency and Preparedness Plan An emergency is an unplanned event when a project operation loses control, or could lose control, of a situation that may result in risks to human health, property, or the environment, either within the facility or in the local community. Emergencies do not normally include safe work practices for frequent upsets or events that are covered by occupational health and safety. Following major risks related to the Project could be identified:  Crossing of gas pipeline;  Improper transport and handling of chlorine to the site;  Improper design of installations as storage areas for chemicals, facilities especially for chlorine;  Improper implementation of safety measures during construction;  Installations of the construction sites along roads with interference with the daily traffic;  Power cut of the pumping station;  Power cut of the water treatment plant;  Failure in water treatment process resulting in unsafe drinking water;  Improper handling of harmful chemicals as chlorine to be used at the water treatment site. This project should identify the following basic elements:  Roles and responsibilities, regarding the emergency preparedness plan implementation  Organization of emergency areas (command centres, medical stations, etc.)  Communication systems in case of an emergency  Emergency response procedures  Emergency resources  Training and updating for emergencies  Business Continuity and Contingency Additional information is provided below for these elements of the emergency plan. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 151 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 10.1 Roles and Responsibilities The design of the Project’s installations will follow the Best Available Technology (BAT) in designing the needed pumping stations and water treatment plant. For that, FIPAG contracted an engineering consultant who is elaborating a design of the chlorine storage area in a way that the risks related to the handling of chlorine are minimized to the greatest extent possible. FIPAG will be responsible for the final layout of the Project’s installations. During construction (and during decommissioning) FIPAG is responsible for implementing of the Health and Safety Plan at the construction site. For that FIPAG is contracting a Resident Engineer that acts also as supervisor for the implementation of the health and safety measures by the Construction Contractor (CC). The CC shall develop a traffic management plan as outlined in the ESIA study using the given mitigation measures. The CC together with FIPAG is also responsible to take the needed steps before start of the works needed to cross the gas pipelines. AdeM as part of FIPAG, will operate the installations and consequently AdeM will be responsible for implementation of the Health and Safety measures during operation. AdeM is also responsible for set up an Emergency and Preparedness Plan for the transport of chlorine to the site and for handling of chlorine on site. The same fits to emergency situations triggered by power cuts at pumping station or at water treatment site and in case of failures in water treatment resulting in drinking water quality of bad quality. 10.2 Emergency Areas Due to the nature of the Project, the possible emergency areas are varying very much depending on the nature of the risk identified and for which Emergency Response Procedures shall be developed (see Chapter 8.4). In case of crossing the gas pipeline, the wider crossing area is the actual emergency area but has to be expanded in case of possible major gas releases to the surrounding areas depending on the amount of released gas and on the wind situation. In case of chlorine transport the whole transport route might be affected including areas of a possible dispersion of a chlorine cloud if chlorine gas is released. The dispersion of the chlorine depends, of course, on the wind situation at the moment of the accident what makes a prediction of the situation very difficult. In the emergency response procedures this fact has 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 152 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A to be considered. The same fits for a possible accident occurring at the water treatment site during handling with chlorine. In case of failures in water supply the emergency area stretches along the pipeline corridor wherever water is taken off. This can also comprise households along the pipeline and at Maputo depending on the future distribution system. 10.3 Communication Systems 10.3.1 Worker notification and communication Alarm bells, visual alarms, or other forms of communication should be used to reliably alert workers to an emergency. Related measures include:  Testing warning systems at least annually (fire alarms monthly), and more frequently if required by local regulations, equipment, or other considerations;  Installing a back-up system for communications on-site with off-site resources, such as fire departments, in the event that normal communication methods may be inoperable during an emergency Community Notification. If a local community may be at risk from a potential emergency arising at the facility, the operator should implement communication measures to alert the community, such as:  Audible alarms, such as fire bells or sirens;  Distribution of emergency telephone lists;  Vehicle mounted speakers;  Communicating details of the nature of the emergency;  Communicating protection options (evacuation, quarantine);  Providing advice on selecting an appropriate protection option. 10.3.2 Media and Public Relations Emergency information should be communicated to the media through:  A trained local spokesperson /company spokesperson able to interact with relevant stakeholders, when speaking to the media, government, and other agencies;  Written press releases with accurate information, appropriate level of detail for the emergency, and for which accuracy can be guaranteed. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 153 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 10.4 Emergency Response Procedures Proper implementation of safety measures during construction The Construction Contractor is responsible to implement the ESMP including the Health and Safety Management Plan and to install a Health, Safety and Environmental Management System during the entire construction phase. The development of specific Emergency Response Procedures is not needed. Crossing of a gas pipeline This ESIA Study recommends to shut off the gas pipeline during digging the trench for the Water Pipeline around the area of the gas pipeline. This can be done during a time of low load with gas e.g. during the night. By doing so the risk of an accident during digging the trench is close to zero. For activities around the gas pipeline, Emergency Response Procedures shall be developed by the construction contractor. Installations of the construction sites along roads with interference with the daily traffic As outlined in the ESIA Study a Traffic Management Plan shall be developed for works to be done along and inside the roads especially near Machava Distribution Center, including the roads inside the area of influence of the Project. This Traffic Management Plan shall contain (but not limited) the mitigation measures given in this study. The CC is responsible for implementation of this plan and FIPAG will supervise it via its Resident Engineer. Transport and handling of chlorine to the site In this ESMP, mitigation measures during transport of chlorine gas are stipulated which shall be used for setting up Emergency Response Procedures. These procedures, to be developed by AdeM, shall include who is to be called and informed in case of an accident and shall outline the need of evacuation of people living along the road used for transport in case chlorine gas is released. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 154 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Handling of harmful chemicals as chlorine to be used at the water treatment site The operator AdeM shall develop clear handling procedures for the workers dealing with the chlorination process in the Water Treatment Plant. Workers shall be trained specifically in handling chlorine and shall pass through an awareness program because of the health risks. For potential accident with chlorine gas at the treatment site, Emergency Response Procedures shall be developed by the operator. These procedures shall consider who is to be called and to be informed in case of an accident and shall outline the need of evacuation of people living nearby the Water Treatment Site in case chlorine gas is released. Power cut of the pumping station and of the water treatment plant In order to prevent the shut-down of drinking water production in case of a power cut both at pumping station and at the water treatment plant backup power supply will be granted by an emergency diesel generator. AdeM shall develop Emergency Response Procedures on what has to be done in case of a power cut off especially if the diesel generator will not work properly. These procedures shall include a plan who has to be informed in such a case and what measures shall be taken to maintain the supply of the population with drinking water. Failure in water treatment process resulting in unsafe drinking water The quality of drinking water production process is monitored continuously. In the case of a failure in the treatment process resulting in bad water quality, Emergency Response Procedures shall be developed by the operator. Because drinking water of bad quality could be sent via the pipeline towards Maputo the procedures shall include the description of an information system to all locations involved in the water distribution system. 10.5 Emergency Resources 10.5.1 Finance and Emergency Funds A mechanism should be provided for funding emergency activities. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 155 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 10.5.2 Fire Services Constructor and Operator will consider the level of local fire fighting capacity and whether equipment is available for use at the facility in the event of a major emergency or natural disaster. If insufficient capacity is available, fire fighting capacity should be acquired that may include pumps, water supplies, trucks, and training for personnel. 10.5.3 Medical Services Constructor and Operator should provide first aid attendants for the facility as well as medical equipment suitable for the personnel, type of operation, and the degree of treatment likely to be required prior to transportation to hospital. 10.5.4 Availability of Resources Appropriate measures for managing the availability of resources in case of an emergency include:  Maintaining a list of external equipment, personnel, facilities, funding, expert knowledge, and materials that may be required to respond to emergencies. The list should include personnel with specialized expertise for spill clean-up, flood control, engineering, water treatment, environmental science, etc., or any of the functions required to adequately respond to the identified emergency;  Providing personnel who can readily call up resources, as required;  Tracking and managing the costs associated with emergency resources;  Considering the quantity, response time, capability, limitations, and cost of these resources, for both site-specific emergencies, and community or regional emergencies;  Considering if external resources are unable to provide sufficient capacity during a regional emergency and whether additional resources may need to be maintained on-site. 10.5.5 Mutual Aid Mutual aid agreements decrease administrative confusion and provide a clear basis for response by mutual aid providers. Where appropriate, mutual aid agreements should be maintained with other organizations to allow for sharing of personnel and specialized equipment. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 156 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 10.5.6 Contact List  Constructor and Operator will develop a list of contact information for all internal and external resources and personnel. The list should include the name, description, location, and contact details (telephone, email) for each of the resources, and be maintained annually. 10.6 Training and Updating The emergency preparedness facilities and emergency response plans require maintenance, review, and updating to account for changes in equipment, personnel, and facilities. Training programs and practice exercises provide for testing systems to ensure an adequate level of emergency preparedness. Programs should:  Identify training needs based on the roles and responsibilities, capabilities and requirements of personnel in an emergency;  Develop a training plan to address needs, particularly for fire fighting, spill response, and evacuation;  Conduct annual training, at least, and perhaps more frequent training when the response includes specialized equipment, procedures, or hazards, or when otherwise mandated;  Provide training exercises to allow personnel the opportunity to test emergency preparedness, including: o Desk top exercises with only a few personnel, where the contact lists are tested and the facilities and communication assessed; o Response exercises, typically involving drills that allow for testing of equipment and logistics; o Debrief upon completion of a training exercise to assess what worked well and what aspects require improvement. o Update the plan, as required, after each exercise. Elements of the plan subject to significant change (such as contact lists) should be replaced;  Record training activities and the outcomes of the training. 10.7 Business Continuity and Contingency Measures to address business continuity and contingency include: 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 157 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  Identifying replacement supplies or facilities to allow business continuity following an emergency. For example, alternate sources of water, electricity, and fuel are commonly sought;  Using redundant or duplicate supply systems as part of facility operations to increase the likelihood of business continuity;  Maintaining back-ups of critical information in a secure location to expedite the return to normal operations following an emergency. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 158 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 11. Environmental Education Program In its own interest, the Constructor and the Operator should maintain a high level of environmental awareness from the senior management level to the ordinary employee’s level, and particularly that of workers involved in construction or handling of hazardous substances, given the potential for these activities to generate negative environmental impacts. Training activities in environmental protection should be coordinated by the Environmental Manager. The purpose of the environmental education program is to:  Ensure that all project workers and managers are able to identify potential environmental problems associated with their work and ways to prevent and minimize them;  Create a high level of environmental awareness amongst workers in the Project;  Create conditions for compliance with environmental policies, legislation and procedures;  Ensure that the potential environmental impacts of project-related activities are avoided and the associated mitigation measures implemented; and  Create awareness of the roles and responsibilities in achieving compliance with the environmental policy and procedures, including emergency preparedness and response requirements. As a way of ensuring that all stakeholders in the project are prepared to deal with the environmental, health and safety components of the project, induction training, daily health, safety and environmental dialogues and emergency drills shall be performed. Specifically the following actions are planned:  All workers must participate in an induction training program before commencing their duties. Training should include environmental, health and safety issues;  All workers should receive training on risks, precautions and procedures for safe storage, handling and use of all potentially hazardous materials relevant to each task and work area;  The staff should be trained in environmental, health and safety issues, including accident prevention, safe practices for chemical use, and control and proper maintenance of equipment and facilities; 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 159 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A  The training should also include emergency response, including the location and proper use of emergency equipment, use of personal protective equipment, procedures to give the alarm and notify emergency response teams, and appropriate response actions for each emergency situation envisaged; and  At least once a year, response drills to simulated critical situations, such as fires, must be carried out. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 160 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 12. Overall Costs of Environmental and Social Management Plan In the course of the assessment of the Project’s impact on the bio -physical environment several measures have been developed to mitigate possible impacts to an absolutely minimum. Most of these management measures elaborated for the pre-construction, construction and decommissioning phases require specific actions and will be routinely executed by the contractors. These measures are covered by the construction costs and can be implemented by the staff responsible to execute the HSE Plan within the construction contractor’s Health, Safety and Environment Management System (HSEMS). This HSE Plan shall consider the HSE measures stipulated in the ESMP. As recommended in the Health and Safety Report the Contractor to be appointed shall set up an HSE Plan for the construction period and the implementation of the HSE Management System including the employment of the Environmental Field Officer and Health and Safety Officer being responsible for implementation of the management measures shall be included in the bid sum. For the operation/maintenance phase the operator at the beginning of operation AdeM) shall develop an Health, Safety and Environment Plan. FIPAG’s Environmental Engineer will supervise the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures and execute the needed monitoring actions. Following additional costs for implementing the environmental management measures are determined in Table 12-1. Table 12-1: Estimative of the costs for the environmental management measures’ implementation 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 161 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Costs Activity Responsible Remarks (USD/annum)14 Environmental Field Construction 25,000 Officer Contractor Health and Safety Construction 25,000 Officer Contractor Resident HSE Supervisor 35,000 Engineer Construction Costs incur only 30,000 Contractor once Monitoring equipment Costs incur only Operator 5,000 once Construction 20,000 Contractor Flora/Fauna survey Only in case of Operator 20,000 maintenance activities Raising the awareness about HIV/AIDS and Construction Together with CC 50,000 other STIs at Contractor of Part B community level. Soil treatment in case Construction 20,000 of oil/fuel spill Contractor Sludge dehydration Included in Operator 400,000 and re-use operational costs Management plans:  HSE Construction Costs incur only  Solid waste Contractor 120,000 once  Integrated water  Traffic HSE Management Costs incur only Operator 50,000 Plan once Construction Together with CC Awareness campaigns 30,000 Contractor of Part B External Optionial, if environmental FIPAG 40,000 needed; together inspections with Part B 14 For monitoring equipment and activities see Table 7-1 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 162 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Costs Activity Responsible Remarks (USD/annum)14 During External construction; FIPAG 50,000 environmental audit together with Part B All costs related to the operational monitoring of the water treatment process and of the produced drinking water quality are included in the regular operational costs. They are not the consequence of this ESIA Study but have to be performed during the drinking water treatment process. Please notice that some of the costs in Table 12-1above will not occur every year (e.g. monitoring equipment and management plans). In this case a repair/maintenance or review will be needed once a year. The costs for sludge dehydration and re-use are included in the construction costs and are covered by the engineering design. The costs for the Environmental Field Officer and the Health and Safety Officer have to be considered by the construction contractor, the HSE Supervisor costs by the Resident Engineer. All costs related to mitigation/compensation measures as outlined in the Socio-Economic Specialized Study are related to resettlement activities and will be covered by the stand-alone Resettlement Action Plan Report. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 163 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A 13. Conclusions and Recommendations The project to expand the water supply system to the Greater Maputo Area is environmentally viable and the implementation of the mitigation measures identified in this study will minimize the environmental implications of the project to an absolutely minimum. None of the impacts on the bio-physical environment, on the socio- economy or related to health and safety aspects will have more than a moderate significance after having implemented the mitigation measures. Some impacts with a high significance can also be mitigated to a moderate or even low level. Precondition of that is the implementation and the monitoring of the implementation of the management measures as stipulated in this ESMP. The proposed management measures set up in the ESIA/ESMP reports will reduce effectively the level of significance of the impacts. Special care is directed to mitigation and compensation measures regarding resettlement related impacts on population. Specifically the need of permanent physical relocation must be carefully monitored during the construction phase. In order to address all project related resettlement issues a stand-alone Resettlement Action Plan Report has been prepared. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 164 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Annexes Annex I: Main Requirements for the Sludge Storage Site following the EU Directive 99/31 Location The location of a sludge landfill must take into consideration requirements relating to (not all are applicable): (i) distance to residential and recreation areas, waterways, water bodies and other agricultural or urban sites; (ii) existence of groundwater, coastal water or nature protection zones; (iii) the geological and hydrogeological conditions in the area; (iv) the risk of flooding, subsidence, landslides or avalanches on the site; (v) protection of the nature or cultural patrimony in the area. Water control and leachate management Appropriate measures shall be taken (i) to control water from precipitations entering the landfill body; (ii) to prevent surface water and/or groundwater from entering into the stored sludge; (iii) to collect contaminated water and leachate, if any, and (iv) to treat it appropriate. Protection of soil and water The storage site must be situated and designed to prevent pollution of the soil, groundwater or surface water. Efficient collection of leachate has to be ensured. Protection of soil and waters is to be achieved by the combination of a geological barrier and a bottom liner. If the sludge shall be stored over a longer period a top liner has to be installed. Gas control Appropriate measures shall be taken in order to control the accumulation and migration of gas. The gas, if any, shall be collected and must be treated and used. If the gas collected cannot be used to produce energy, it must be flared. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 165 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Nuisances and hazards The site shall be equipped so that dirt originating from the site is not dispersed onto public roads and the surrounding land. Stability The emplacement of sludge on the site shall be take place in a way as to ensure stability of the mass of sludge, particularly in respect of avoidance of slippages. Barriers The storage area shall be secured to prevent free access to the site. 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 166 Environmental and Social Studies for Greater Maputo Water Supply Scheme ESMP Part A Annex II: Possible template for inspection/monitoring/ auditing of implementation of the management measures Project Date: Subject № Issue Potential Impact on/by Action Party Compliance: Yes No Partly Explanation by Auditor: Comment by Auditor: Necessary Actions: Yes No Ongoing Photo Documentation: 7753P01 COWI/FICHTNER 167